UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d)
OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2013

Commission File Number 001-13178

 

MDC PARTNERS INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

Canada		98-0364441
(State or Other Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization)		(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number)

745 Fifth Avenue,
New York, NY, 10151
(646) 429-1800

(Address, Including Zip Code, and Telephone Number, Including Area Code, of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class		Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Class A Subordinate Voting Shares, no par value		NASDAQ; Toronto Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None .

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. (Check one):

Large Accelerated Filer o		Accelerated Filer x		Non-Accelerated o		Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).Yes o No x

The aggregate market value of the shares of all classes of voting and non-voting common stock of the registrant held by non-affiliates as of June 30, 2013 was approximately $461 million, computed upon the basis of the closing sales price ($12.03/share) of the Class A subordinate voting shares on that date.

As of February 26, 2014, there were 50,272,247 outstanding shares of Class A subordinate voting shares without par value, and 3,755 outstanding shares of Class B multiple voting shares without par value, of the registrant.

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
 
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		Page
PART I
Item 1. Business			1
Item 1A. Risk Factors			8
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments			14
Item 2. Properties			14
Item 3. Legal Proceedings			14
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures			14
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters			15
Item 6. Selected Financial Data			17
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations			19
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk			41
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data			43
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure			95
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures			95
Item 9B. Other Information			97
PART III
Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance			98
Item 11. Executive Compensation			99
Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters			99
Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence			99
Item 14. Principal Accountant Fees and Services			99
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statements Schedules			100
Signatures			102

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References in this Annual Report on Form 10-K to “MDC Partners”, “MDC”, the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our” refer to MDC Partners Inc. and, unless the context otherwise requires or otherwise is expressly stated, its subsidiaries.

All dollar amounts are stated in US dollars unless otherwise stated.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

The following sections of the Proxy Statement for the Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 5, 2014, are incorporated by reference in Parts I and III: “Election of Directors,” “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance,” “Executive Compensation,” “Report of the Human Resources & Compensation Committee on Executive Compensation,” “Outstanding Shares,” “Appointment of Auditors,” and “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions”.

AVAILABLE INFORMATION

Information regarding the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and any amendments to these reports, will be made available, free of charge, at the Company’s website at http://www.mdc-partners.com , as soon as reasonably practicable after the Company electronically files such reports with or furnishes them to the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). The information found on, or otherwise accessible through, the Company’s website is not incorporated into, and does not form a part of, this Annual Report or Form 10-K. Any document that the Company files with the SEC may also be read and copied at the SEC’s public reference room located at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, DC 20549. Please call the SEC at 1 (800) SEC-0330 for further information on the public reference room. The Company’s filings are also available to the public from the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov.

The Company’s Code of Conduct, Whistleblower Policy, and each of the charters for the Audit Committee, Human Resources & Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, are available free of charge on the Company’s website at http://www.mdc-partners.com or by writing to MDC Partners Inc., 745 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10151, Attention: Investor Relations.

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This document contains forward-looking statements. The Company’s representatives may also make forward-looking statements orally from time to time. Statements in this document that are not historical facts, including statements about the Company’s beliefs and expectations, recent business and economic trends, potential acquisitions, estimates of amounts for deferred acquisition consideration and “put” option rights, constitute forward-looking statements. These statements are based on current plans, estimates and projections, and are subject to change based on a number of factors, including those outlined in this section. Forward- looking statements speak only as of the date they are made, and the Company undertakes no obligation to update publicly any of them in light of new information or future events, if any.

Forward-looking statements involve inherent risks and uncertainties. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements. Such risk factors include, but are not limited to, the following:

The Company’s business strategy includes ongoing efforts to engage in material acquisitions of ownership interests in entities in the marketing communications services industry. The Company intends to finance these acquisitions by using available cash from operations, from borrowings under its WF Credit Agreement and through incurrence of bridge or other debt financing, any of which may increase the Company’s leverage ratios, or by issuing equity, which may have a dilutive impact on existing shareholders proportionate ownership. At any given time, the Company may be engaged in a number of discussions that may result in one or more material acquisitions. These opportunities require confidentiality and may involve negotiations that require quick responses by the Company. Although there is uncertainty that any of these discussions will result in definitive agreements or the completion of any transactions, the announcement of any such transaction may lead to increased volatility in the trading price of the Company’s securities.

Investors should carefully consider these risk factors and the additional risk factors outlined in more detail in this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the caption “Risk Factors” and in the Company’s other SEC filings.

SUPPLEMENTARY FINANCIAL INFORMATION

The Company reports its financial results in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) of the United States of America (“US GAAP”). However, the Company has included certain non-US GAAP financial measures and ratios, which it believes, provide useful information to both management and readers of this report in measuring the financial performance and financial condition of the Company. These measures do not have a standardized meaning prescribed by US GAAP and, therefore, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures presented by other publicly traded companies, nor should they be construed as an alternative to other titled measures determined in accordance with US GAAP.

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MDC operates through “Partner” companies within the following reportable segments:

Strategic Marketing Services

The Strategic Marketing Services segment generally consists of firms that offer a full suite of integrated marketing communication and consulting services, including advertising and media, interactive marketing, direct marketing, public relations, corporate communications, market research, corporate identity and branding, product and service innovation, and sales promotion to national and global clients. The Strategic Marketing Services segment is comprised of the following agencies: 72andSunny; Allison & Partners; Anomaly; Attention; Bruce Mau Design; Capital C; Colle + McVoy; Concentric Partners; Crispin Porter + Bogusky; Doner; Hello Design; HL Group Partners; kbs+; Kwittken; Laird + Partners; The Media Kitchen; Mono Advertising; Redscout; Sloane & Company; Union; Varick Media Management; Veritas; Vitro and Yamamoto.

Performance Marketing Services

The Performance Marketing Services segment includes firms that provide consumer insights and analytic solutions to satisfy the growing need for targetable, measurable solutions or cost effective means of driving return on marketing investment and growth for regional, national and global clients. The Performance Marketing Services segment is comprised of the following agencies: 6degrees Communications; Accent; Boom Marketing; Bryan Mills Iradesso; Integrated Media Solutions; Kenna Communications; LBN Partners; Northstar Research Partners; Relevent; RJ Palmer; Source Marketing; TargetCast; TargetCom; Team; Trade X and Maxxcom Global Media Group.

Ownership Information

The following table includes certain information about MDC’s operating subsidiaries as of December 31, 2013. The “Put and Call Options” information represents existing contractual rights. Owners of interests in certain subsidiaries have the right in certain circumstances to require MDC to acquire additional ownership interests held by them. The owners’ ability to exercise any such “put” option right is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including conditions requiring notice in advance of exercise. In addition, these rights cannot be exercised prior to specified staggered exercise dates. The exercise of these rights at their earliest contractual date would result in obligations of MDC to fund the related amounts during the periods described in the accompanying notes. It is not determinable, at this time, if or when the owners of these rights will exercise all or a portion of these rights. The amount payable by MDC in the event such rights are exercised is dependent on defined valuation formulas and on future events, such as the average earnings of the relevant subsidiary through the date of exercise, the growth rate of the earnings of the relevant subsidiary during that period, and, in some cases, the currency exchange rate at the date of payment. See also “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Othercalance Sheet Commitments — Put Rights of Subsidiaries’ Noncontrolling Shareholders” for further discussion.

Put options represent puts of ownership interests by other interest holders to MDC with reciprocal call rights held by MDC for the same ownership interests with similar terms. The percentages shown represent the potential ownership interest MDC could achieve in each company assuming that the remaining equity holder(s) were to fully exercise their put option rights at the earliest opportunity.

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
 
SCHEDULE OF CURRENT AND POTENTIAL MARKETING
COMMUNICATIONS COMPANY OWNERSHIP

		% Owned at 12/31/13				Year of Initial Investment				Put/Call Options
Company										2013				Thereafter
										(See Notes)
Consolidated:
Strategic Marketing Services
72andSunny			51.0	%			2010				—				Note 1
Allison & Partners			51.0	%			2010				—				Note 2
Anomaly			60.0	%			2011				—				Note 3
Attention			60.8	%			2009				—				Note 4
Bruce Mau Design			100.0	%			2004				—				Note 5
Capital C Partners			100.0	%			2010				—				Note 6
Colle + McVoy			95.0	%			1999				100.0	%			Note 7
Concentric Partners			70.0	%			2011				—				Note 8
Crispin Porter + Bogusky			100.0	%			2001				—				Note 9
Hello Design			49.0	%			2004				—
Doner			30.0	%			2012				70.0	%			Note 10
HL Group Partners			93.8	%			2007				—
kirshenbaum bond senecal + partners			100.0	%			2004				—				Note 11
The Media Kitchen			100.0	%			2010				—
Varick Media Management			100.0	%			2010				—
Kwittken			60.0	%			2010				—				Note 12
Laird + Partners			65.0	%			2011				—				Note 13
Mono Advertising			49.9	%			2004				70.0	%			Note 14
Redscout			100.0	%			2007				—
Sloane & Company			70.0	%			2010				—				Note 15
Union			70.0	%			2013				—				Note 16
Veritas			95.0	%			1993				96.0	%			Note 17
Vitro			81.6	%			2004				—				Note 18
Yamamoto			100.0	%			2000				—
Performance Marketing Services
6degrees Communications			66.3	%			1993				77.3	%			Note 19
Accent			100.0	%			1999				—
Boom Marketing			85.0	%			2005				—
Bryan Mills Iradesso			62.8	%			1989				100.0	%			Note 20
Integrated Media Solutions			100.0	%			2010				—
Kenna Communications			80.0	%			2010				—				Note 21
henderson bas kohn			100.0	%			2004				—				Note 22
LBN Partners			70.0	%			2013								Note 23
Maxxcom Global Media			100.0	%			2012				—
Northstar Research Partners			91.8	%			1998				100.0	%			Note 24
Relevent			60.0	%			2010				—
RJ Palmer			100.0	%			2011				—
Source Marketing			91.0	%			1998				—				Note 25
Communifx			100.0	%			2010				—				Note 26
TargetCast			70.0	%			2012				—				Note 27
TargetCom			100.0	%			2000				—
TEAM			100.0	%			2010				—
Trade X			75.0	%			2011				—				Note 28

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Notes

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Financial Information Relating to Business Segments and Geographic Regions

For financial information relating to the Company’s Marketing Communications Businesses and the geographic regions the businesses operate within, refer to Note 15 (Segment Information) of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in this Annual Report and to “Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis” for further discussion.

Competition

In the competitive, highly fragmented marketing and communications industry, the Company’s operating companies compete for business with the operating subsidiaries of large global holding companies such as Omnicom Group Inc., Interpublic Group of Companies, Inc., WPP Group plc, Publicis Group SA, Dentsu Inc., and Havas Advertising. These global holding companies generally have greater resources than those available to MDC and its subsidiaries, and such resources may enable them to aggressively compete with the Company’s marketing communications businesses. Each of MDC’s operating companies also faces competition from numerous independent agencies that operate in multiple markets. MDC’s operating companies must compete with these other companies to maintain existing client relationships and to obtain new clients and assignments. MDC’s operating companies compete at this level by providing clients with disruptive marketing ideas and strategies that are focused on increasing clients’ revenues and profits. These existing and potential clients include multinational corporations and national companies with mid-to-large sized marketing budgets. MDC also benefits from cooperation among the entrepreneurial operating companies through referrals and the sharing of both services and expertise, which enables MDC to service clients’ varied marketing needs by crafting custom integrated solutions.

A partner agency’s ability to compete for new clients is affected in some instances by the policy, which many advertisers and marketers impose, of not permitting their agencies to represent competitive accounts in the same market. In the vast majority of cases, however, MDC’s consistent maintenance of separate, independent operating companies has enabled MDC to represent competing clients across its network.

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Industry Trends

Historically, advertising has been the primary service provided by the marketing communications industry. However, as clients aim to establish one-to-one relationships with customers, and more accurately measure the effectiveness of their marketing expenditures, specialized and digital communications services and database marketing and analytics are consuming a growing portion of marketing dollars. The Company believes this is increasing the demand for a broader range of non-advertising marketing communications services (i.e., direct marketing, sales promotion, interactive, strategic communications and public relations, etc). The notion of a mass market audience is giving way to life-style segments, social events/networks, and online/mobile communities, each segment requiring a customized message and/or different, often non- traditional, channels of communication and connection to their e-commerce capabilities. Global marketers now demand breakthrough and integrated creative ideas, and no longer require traditional brick-and-mortar communications partners in every market to optimize the effectiveness of their marketing efforts. Combined with the fragmentation of the media landscape, these factors provide new opportunities for small to mid-sized communications companies like those in the MDC network. In addition, marketers now require ever greater speed-to-market to drive financial returns on their marketing and media investment, causing them to turn to more nimble, entrepreneurial and collaborative communications firms like MDC Partners.

There are several recent economic and industry trends that affect or may be expected to affect the Company’s results of operations. For example, the rapid increase in the amount of revenue attributable to digital offerings is indicative of the changing needs of clients and the evolving competitive landscape. Changes in the way consumers interact with media due to increased use of the Internet, and adoption of smartphones and tablets, has led to increased demand for digital offerings, which we expect could have a positive impact on our results of operation.

The increase of expenses at a greater rate than revenues over recent periods reflects both the increase in expenses for deferred acquisition consideration and from our investment in headcount for certain growth initiatives. Should our acquisitions continue to outperform current expectations, expenses for deferred acquisition consideration could increase as well in future periods. If our growth initiatives do not provide sufficient revenue to offset the incremental costs in future periods, profits could be reduced and severance expense could be incurred in order to return to targeted profit margins over time.

Over the last several years, client procurement departments have begun to focus on marketing services company fees to ensure efficiency of the investment the client is making in marketing. This has led to a more competitive pricing environment and increased efforts on delivering and measuring proper value for the fees received from clients. We have invested in resources to work with client procurement departments to ensure that we are able to deliver against client goals in a mutually beneficial way. For example, we have explored new compensation models, such as performance-based incentive payments and equity, in order to meet to greater align our success with our clients. These incentive payments may offset negative pricing pressure from client procurement departments.

Clients

The Company serves clients in virtually every industry, and in many cases, the same clients in various locations, and through several partner firms. Representation of a client rarely means that MDC handles marketing communications for all brands or product lines of the client in every geographical location. MDC’s agencies have written contracts with many of their clients. As is customary in the industry, these contracts provide for termination by either party on relatively short notice. See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis — Executive Overview” for a further discussion of MDC’s arrangements with its clients.

During 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company’s largest client, Sprint, accounted for approximately 5%, 5% and 6% of revenues, respectively. In addition, MDC’s ten largest clients (measured by revenue generated) accounted for 28%, 26% and 29% of 2013, 2012 and 2011 revenues, respectively.

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Employees

As of December 31, 2013, MDC and its subsidiaries had the following number of employees within its reportable segments:

Segment		Total
Strategic Marketing Services			3,602
Performance Marketing Services			3,561
Corporate			55
Total			7,218

See Management’s Discussion and Analysis for a discussion of the effect of cost of services sold on MDC’s historical results of operations. Because of the personal service character of the marketing communications businesses, the quality of personnel is of crucial importance to MDC’s continuing success. MDC considers its relations with employees to be satisfactory.

Effect of Environmental Laws

MDC believes it is substantially in compliance with all regulations concerning the discharge of materials into the environment, and such regulations have not had a material effect on the capital expenditures or operations of MDC.

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The loss of lines of credit under our WF Credit Agreement could adversely affect MDC’s liquidity and our ability to implement MDC’s acquisition strategy and fund any put options if exercised.

MDC uses amounts available under the WF Credit Agreement, together with cash flow from operations, to fund its working capital needs, to fund the exercise of put option obligations and to fund our strategy of making selective acquisitions of ownership interests in entities in the marketing communications services industry, including through contingent deferred acquisition payments.

The Company is currently in compliance with all of the terms and conditions of the WF Credit Agreement. If, however, events were to occur, which result in MDC losing all or a substantial portion of its available credit under the WF Credit Agreement, or if MDC was prevented from accessing such lines of credit due to other restrictions such as those in the indenture governing the 6.75% Notes, MDC could be required to seek other sources of liquidity. In addition, if MDC were unable to replace this source of liquidity, then MDC’s ability to fund its working capital needs and any contingent obligations with respect to put options or contingent deferred acquisition payments would be materially adversely affected.

We have significant contingent obligations related to deferred acquisition consideration and minority interests in our subsidiaries, which will require us to utilize our cash flow and/or to incur additional debt to satisfy.

The Company has made a number of acquisitions for which it has deferred payment of a portion of the purchase price, usually for a period between one to five years after the acquisition. The deferred acquisition consideration is generally payable based on achievement of certain thresholds of future earnings of the acquired company and, in certain cases, also based on the rate of growth of those earnings. Once any contingency is resolved, the Company may pay the contingent consideration over time.

The Company records liabilities on its balance sheet for deferred acquisition payments at their estimated value based on the current performance of the business, which are re-measured each quarter. At December 31, 2013, these aggregate liabilities were $153.9 million, of which $53.0 million, $42.6 million, $36.0 million and $22.3 million would be payable in 2014, 2015, 2016 and thereafter, respectively.

In addition to the Company’s obligations for deferred acquisition consideration, managers of certain of the Company’s acquired subsidiaries hold minority interests in such subsidiaries. In the case of certain minority interests related to acquisitions, the founder is entitled to a proportionate distribution of earnings from the relevant subsidiary, which is recognized on the Company’s consolidated income statement under “Net income attributable to the non-controlling interests.”

The minority shareholder often has the right to require the Company to purchase all or part of its interest, either at specified dates or upon the termination of such shareholder’s employment with the subsidiary or death (put rights). In addition, the Company usually has rights to call the minority shareholder’s interest at a specified date. The purchase price for both puts and calls is typically calculated based on specified formulas tied to the financial performance of the subsidiary.

The Company recorded $148.5 million on its December 31, 2013 balance sheet as Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests for its estimated obligations in respect of minority shareholder put and call rights based on the current performance of the subsidiaries, $17.8 million of which related to put rights for which, if exercised, the payments are due at specified dates, with the remainder of Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests attributable to put or call rights exercisable only upon termination of employment or death. No obligation is recorded on the balance sheet for minority interests for which the Company has a call right but the minority holder has no put right.

Payments to be made by the Company in respect of deferred acquisition consideration and minority shareholder put rights may be significantly higher than the estimated amounts described above because the actual obligation adjusts based on the performance of the acquired businesses over time, including future growth in earnings from the calculations made at December 31, 2013. Similarly, the payments made by the Company under call rights would increase with growth in earnings of the acquired businesses. The Company expects that deferred contingent consideration and minority share interests for managers may be features of future acquisitions that it may undertake and that it may also grant similar minority share interests to managers of its subsidiaries unrelated to acquisitions.

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The Company expects that its obligations in respect of deferred acquisition consideration and payments to minority shareholders under put and call rights will be a significant use of the Company’s liquidity in the foreseeable future, whether in the form of free cash flow or borrowings under the Company’s revolving credit facility or from other funding sources. For further information, see the disclosure under the heading “Business — Ownership Information” and the heading “Liquidity and Capital Resources”.

MDC may not realize the benefits it expects from past acquisitions or acquisitions MDC may make in the future.

MDC’s business strategy includes ongoing efforts to engage in material acquisitions of ownership interests in entities in the marketing communications services industry. MDC intends to finance these acquisitions by using available cash from operations and through incurrence of debt or bridge financing, either of which may increase its leverage ratios, or by issuing equity, which may have a dilutive impact on its existing shareholders. At any given time MDC may be engaged in a number of discussions that may result in one or more material acquisitions. These opportunities require confidentiality and may involve negotiations that require quick responses by MDC. Although there is uncertainty that any of these discussions will result in definitive agreements or the completion of any transactions, the announcement of any such transaction may lead to increased volatility in the trading price of its securities.

Our expenses have, in recent periods, increased at a greater rate than revenues, which in part reflects both the increase in expenses for deferred acquisition consideration and from our investment in headcount for certain growth initiatives. Should our acquisitions continue to outperform current expectations, expenses for deferred acquisition consideration could increase as well in future periods. If our growth initiatives do not provide sufficient revenue to offset the incremental costs in future periods, profits could be reduced and severance expense could be incurred in order to return to targeted profit margins over time.

The success of acquisitions or strategic investments depends on the effective integration of newly acquired businesses into MDC’s current operations. Such integration is subject to risks and uncertainties, including realization of anticipated synergies and cost savings, the ability to retain and attract personnel and clients, the diversion of management’s attention from other business concerns, and undisclosed or potential legal liabilities of the acquired company. MDC may not realize the strategic and financial benefits that it expects from any of its past acquisitions, or any future acquisitions.

MDC’s business could be adversely affected if it loses key clients or executives.

MDC’s strategy has been to acquire ownership stakes in diverse marketing communications businesses to minimize the effects that might arise from the loss of any one client or executive. The loss of one or more clients could materially affect the results of the individual operating companies and the Company as a whole. Management succession at our operating units is very important to the ongoing results of the Company because, as in any service business, the success of a particular agency is dependent upon the leadership of key executives and management personnel. If key executives were to leave our operating units, the relationships that MDC has with its clients could be adversely affected.

MDC’s ability to generate new business from new and existing clients may be limited.

To increase its revenues, MDC needs to obtain additional clients or generate demand for additional services from existing clients. MDC’s ability to generate initial demand for its services from new clients and additional demand from existing clients is subject to such clients’ and potential clients’ requirements, pre-existing vendor relationships, financial condition, strategic plans and internal resources, as well as the quality of MDC’s employees, services and reputation and the breadth of its services. To the extent MDC cannot generate new business from new and existing clients due to these limitations, MDC’s ability to grow its business and to increase its revenues will be limited.

MDC’s business could be adversely affected if it loses or fails to attract key employees.

Employees, including creative, research, media, account and practice group specialists, and their skills and relationships with clients, are among MDC’s most important assets. An important aspect of MDC’s competitiveness is its ability to retain key employee and management personnel. Compensation for these key

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employees is an essential factor in attracting and retaining them, and MDC may not offer a level of compensation sufficient to attract and retain these key employees. If MDC fails to hire and retain a sufficient number of these key employees, it may not be able to compete effectively. If key executives were to leave our operating units, the relationships that MDC has with its clients could be adversely affected.

MDC is exposed to the risk of client defaults.

MDC’s agencies often incur expenses on behalf of their clients for productions in order to secure a variety of media time and space, in exchange for which they receive a fee. The difference between the gross cost of the production and media and the net revenue earned by us can be significant. While MDC takes precautions against default on payment for these services (such as credit analysis and advance billing of clients) and has historically had a very low incidence of default, MDC is still exposed to the risk of significant uncollectible receivables from our clients. The risk of a material loss could significantly increase in periods of severe economic downturn. Such a loss could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.

MDC’s results of operations are subject to currency fluctuation risks.

Although MDC’s financial results are reported in U.S. dollars, a portion of its revenues and operating costs are denominated in currencies other than the US dollar. As a result, fluctuations in the exchange rate between the U.S. dollar and other currencies, particularly the Canadian dollar, may affect MDC’s financial results and competitive position.

Goodwill and intangible assets may become impaired.

We have recorded a significant amount of goodwill and intangible assets in our consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP resulting from our acquisition activities, which principally represents the specialized know-how of the workforce at the agencies we have acquired. We test, at least annually, the carrying value of goodwill for impairment, as discussed in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements. The estimates and assumptions about future results of operations and cash flows made in connection with the impairment testing could differ from future actual results of operations and cash flows. While we have concluded, for each year presented in our financial statements, that our goodwill relating to continuing operations is not impaired, future events could cause us to conclude that the asset values associated with a given operation may become impaired. Any resulting impairment loss could materially adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

MDC is subject to regulations and litigation risk that could restrict our activities or negatively impact our revenues.

Advertising and marketing communications businesses are subject to government regulation, both domestic and foreign. There has been an increasing tendency in the United States on the part of advertisers to resort to litigation and self-regulatory bodies to challenge comparative advertising on the grounds that the advertising is false and deceptive. Moreover, there has recently been an expansion of specific rules, prohibitions, media restrictions, labeling disclosures, and warning requirements with respect to advertising for certain products and usage of personally identifiable information. Representatives within government bodies, both domestic and foreign, continue to initiate proposals to ban the advertising of specific products and to impose taxes on or deny deductions for advertising which, if successful, may have an adverse effect on advertising expenditures and consequently MDC’s revenues.

Certain of MDC’s agencies produce software and e-commerce tools for their clients, and these product offerings have become increasingly subject to litigation based on allegations of patent infringement or other violations of intellectual property rights. As we expand these product offerings, the possibility of an intellectual property claim against us grows. Any such claim, with or without merit, could result in costly litigation and distract management from day-to-day operations and may result in us deciding to enter into license agreements to avoid ongoing patent litigation costs. If we are not successful in defending such claims, we could be required to stop offering these services, pay monetary amounts as damages, enter into royalty or licensing arrangements, or satisfy indemnification obligations that we have with some of our clients. Such arrangements may cause our operating margins to decline.

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In addition, laws and regulations related to user privacy, use of personal information and internet tracking technologies have been proposed or enacted in the United States and certain international markets. These laws and regulations could affect the acceptance of the internet as an advertising medium. These actions could affect our business and reduce demand for certain of our services, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and financial position.

The indenture governing the 6.75% Notes and the WF Credit Agreement governing our secured line of credit contain various covenants that limit our discretion in the operation of our business.

The indenture governing the 6.75% Notes and the WF Credit Agreement governing our lines of credit contain various provisions that limit our discretion in the operation of our business by restricting our ability to:

These restrictions on our ability to operate our business in our discretion could seriously harm our business by, among other things, limiting our ability to take advantage of financing, merger and acquisition and other corporate opportunities. The WF Credit Agreement is subject to various additional covenants, including a senior leverage ratio, a total leverage ratio, a fixed charge coverage ratio, and a minimum EBITDA level (as defined). Events beyond our control could affect our ability to meet these financial tests, and we cannot assure you that we will meet them.

Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our cash flow and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations, including the 6.75% Notes.

As of December 31, 2013, MDC had $665.1 million inclusive of original issue premium of indebtedness. In addition, we expect to make additional drawings under the WF Credit Agreement from time to time. Our ability to pay principal and interest on our indebtedness is dependent on the generation of cash flow by our subsidiaries. Our subsidiaries’ business may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to meet MDC’s debt service and other obligations. If we are unable to meet our expenses and debt service obligations, we may need to obtain additional debt, refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity, sell assets or raise equity. We may not be able to obtain additional debt, refinance any of our indebtedness, sell assets or raise equity on commercially reasonable terms or at all, which could cause us to default on our obligations and impair our liquidity. Our inability to generate sufficient cash flow to satisfy our debt obligations, to obtain additional debt or to refinance our obligations on commercially reasonable terms would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we cannot make scheduled payments on our debt, we will be in default and, as a result, our debt holders could declare all outstanding principal and interest to be due and payable; the lenders under the

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WF Credit Agreement could terminate their commitments to loan us money and foreclose against the assets securing our borrowings; and we could be forced into bankruptcy or liquidation. Our level of indebtedness could have important consequences. For example it could:

Despite our current debt levels, we may be able to incur substantially more indebtedness, which could further increase the risks associated with our leverage.

We may incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future. The terms of our Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the 6.75% Notes permit us and our subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness subject to certain limitations. If we or our subsidiaries incur additional indebtedness, the related risks that we face could increase.

We are a holding company dependent on our subsidiaries for our ability to service our debt and pay dividends.

MDC is a holding company with no operations of our own. Consequently, our ability to service our debt and to pay cash dividends on our common stock is dependent upon the earnings from the businesses conducted by our subsidiaries. Our subsidiaries are separate and distinct legal entities and have no obligation to provide us with funds for our payment obligations, whether by dividends, distributions, loans or other payments. Although our operating subsidiaries have generally agreed to allow us to consolidate and “sweep” cash, subject to the timing of payments due to minority holders, any distribution of earnings to us from our subsidiaries is contingent upon the subsidiaries’ earnings and various other business considerations. Also, our right to receive any assets of any of our subsidiaries upon their liquidation or reorganization, and therefore the right of the holders of common stock to participate in those assets, will be structurally subordinated to the claims of that subsidiary’s creditors. In addition, even if we were a creditor of any of our subsidiaries, our rights as a creditor would be subordinate to any security interest in the assets of our subsidiaries and any indebtedness of our subsidiaries senior to that held by us.

We could change or suspend our existing dividend practice in the future.

The declaration and payment of dividends on our common stock is at the discretion of MDC’s board of directors and will depend upon limitations contained in our Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the 6.75% Notes, future earnings, capital requirements, our general financial condition and general business conditions. MDC’s practice is to pay dividends only out of excess free cash flow from operations, and in the event that worsening economic conditions, disruptions in the credit markets or other factors have a significant effect on our liquidity, MDC’s board of directors could decide to reduce or suspend dividend payments in the future.

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PART II

Item 5. Market for Registrant’s Common Equity Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

Market Information and Holders of Class A Subordinate Voting Shares

The principal United States market on which the Company’s Class A subordinate voting shares are traded is the NASDAQ National Market (“NASDAQ”) (symbol: “MDCA”), and the principal market in Canada is the Toronto Stock Exchange (symbol: “MDZ.A”). As of March 1, 2013, the approximate number of holders of our Class A subordinate voting shares, including those whose shares are held in nominee name, was 2,800. All share amounts and share prices have been adjusted for the Company’s 3 for 2 stock split, which was effective November 29, 2013. Quarterly high and low sales prices per share of the Company’s Class A subordinate voting shares, as reported on NASDAQ and The Toronto Stock Exchange, respectively, for each quarter in the years ended December 31, 2013 and 2012, are as follows:

Nasdaq

Quarter Ended		High				Low
		($ per Share)
March 31, 2012			9.67				7.40
June 30, 2012			7.67				6.16
September 30, 2012			8.57				6.16
December 31, 2012			8.60				6.23
March 31, 2013			10.78				7.75
June 30, 2013			12.55				9.52
September 30, 2013			18.65				12.48
December 31, 2013			25.51				18.41

The Toronto Stock Exchange

Quarter Ended		High				Low
		(C$ per Share)
March 31, 2012			9.66				7.51
June 30, 2012			7.69				6.19
September 30, 2012			8.17				6.13
December 31, 2012			8.33				6.33
March 31, 2013			10.89				7.70
June 30, 2013			12.73				9.71
September 30, 2013			19.22				12.67
December 31, 2013			27.30				18.83

As of February 25, 2014, the last reported sale price of the Class A subordinate voting shares was $22.70 on NASDAQ and C$25.06 on the Toronto Stock Exchange.

Dividend Practice

In 2013, MDC’s board of directors declared the following dividends: a $0.19 per share semi-annual dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on May 10, 2013; a $0.11 per share quarterly dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on August 6, 2013; and a $0.16 per share quarterly dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on November 7, 2013. MDC’s practice is to pay dividends only out of excess free cash flow from operations. MDC is further limited in the extent to which we are able to pay dividends under our Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the 6.75% Notes. The payment of any future dividends will be at the discretion of MDC’s board of directors and will depend upon limitations contained in our Credit Agreement and the indenture governing the 6.75% Notes, future earnings, capital requirements, our general financial condition and general business conditions.

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In 2012, MDC’s board of directors declared the following dividends: a $0.19 per share semi-annual dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on May 8, 2012; and a $0.19 per share semi-annual dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on December 20, 2012.

In 2011, MDC’s board of directors declared the following dividends: a $0.09 per share quarterly dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on March 17, 2011; a $0.09 per share dividend quarterly to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on May 16, 2011; a $0.09 per share quarterly dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on August 17, 2011; a $0.09 per share quarterly dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on October 28, 2011; and a $0.09 per share quarterly dividend to all shareholders of record as of the close of business on February 15, 2012.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The following table sets forth information regarding securities issued under our equity compensation plans as of December 31, 2013.

Number of Securities to Be Issued Upon Exercise of Outstanding Options and Rights

Weighted Average Exercise Price of Outstanding Options and Rights

Number of Securities Remaining Available for Future Issuance (Excluding Column (a))

(a)

(b)

(c)

Equity Compensation Plans:

Approved by stockholders:

Share options

112,500

$

6.03

1,434,554

Not approved by stockholders:

None

—

—

—

On May 26, 2005, the Company’s shareholders’ approved the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, which provides for the issuance of three million Class A shares. On June 2, 2009 and June 1, 2007, the Company’s shareholders approved amendments to the 2005 Stock Incentive Plan, which increased the number of shares available for issuance to 6.75 million Class A shares. In addition, the plan was amended to allow shares under this plan to be used to satisfy share obligations under the Stock Appreciation Rights Plan. On May 30, 2008, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2008 Key Partner Incentive Plan, which provides for the issuance of 900,000 Class A shares. On June 1, 2011, the Company’s shareholders approved the 2011 Stock Incentive Plan, which provides for the issuance of up to 3 million Class A shares.

See also Note 12 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities; Use of Proceeds from Registered Securities

On November 15, 2013, the Company issued an additional $110 million principal amount of 6.75% Senior Notes to various institutional investors in a private offering exempt from registration in reliance on Rule 144A and Regulation S under the Securities Act. We received net proceeds from the offering of approximately $110.9 million, and we used the proceeds for general corporate purposes.

Purchase of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities:

Shares — Class A subordinate voting shares

For the twelve months ended December 31, 2013, the Company made no open market purchases of its Class A shares or its Class B shares. Pursuant to its Credit Agreement and Indenture governing the 6.75% Notes, the Company is currently limited from repurchasing its shares in the open market.

During 2013, the Company’s employees surrendered 595,448 Class A shares valued at approximately $13.8 million in connection with the required tax withholding resulting from the vesting of restricted stock. The Company paid these withholding taxes on behalf of the related employees. These Class A shares were subsequently retired and no longer remain outstanding as of December 31, 2013.

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In October 2013, the Company settled the exercise of 2,786,002 Stock Appreciation Rights by management in exchange for cash, resulting in a stock based compensation charge of $78 million.

Transfer Agent and Registrar for Common Stock

The transfer agent and registrar for the Company’s common stock is Canadian Stock Transfer Company (f/k/a CIBC Mellon Trust Company). Canadian Stock Transfer Company operates a telephone information inquiry line that can be reached by dialing toll-free 1-800-387-0825 or 416-643-5500.

Correspondence may be addressed to:
MDC Partners Inc.
C/o Canadian Stock Transfer Company
P.O. Box 4202, Postal Station A
Toronto, Ontario M5W 0E4

Item 6. Selected Financial Data

The following selected financial data should be read in connection with Item 7 — “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the consolidated financial statements and notes that are included in this annual report on Form 10-K.

		Years Ended December 31,
		2013				2012				2011				2010				2009
		(Dollars in Thousands, Except per Share Data)
Operating Data
Revenues		$	1,148,881			$	1,063,265			$	934,288			$	686,167			$	534,012
Operating profit (loss)		$	(31,992	)		$	(15,926	)		$	10,481			$	30,155			$	21,554
Loss from continuing operations		$	(131,018	)		$	(71,895	)		$	(74,163	)		$	(1,556	)		$	(10,683	)
Stock-based compensation included in income (loss) from continuing operations		$	100,405			$	32,197			$	23,657			$	16,507			$	15,444
Loss per Share
Basic
Continuing operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc. common shareholders		$	(2.92	)		$	(1.71	)		$	(1.89	)		$	(0.29	)		$	(0.40	)
Diluted
Continuing operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc. common shareholders		$	(2.92	)		$	(1.71	)		$	(1.89	)		$	(0.29	)		$	(0.40	)
Cash dividends declared per share		$	0.46			$	0.38			$	0.45			$	0.23			$	—
Financial Position Data
Total assets		$	1,425,227			$	1,344,945			$	1,055,745			$	914,348			$	604,519
Total debt		$	665,128			$	431,703			$	385,174			$	286,216			$	217,946
Redeemable noncontrolling interests		$	148,534			$	117,953			$	107,432			$	77,560			$	33,728
Deferred acquisition consideration		$	153,913			$	196,446			$	137,223			$	107,991			$	30,645
Fixed charge coverage ratio			N/A				N/A				N/A				N/A				N/A
Fixed charge deficiency		$	131,829			$	61,687			$	28,057			$	1,949				1,941

Several significant factors that should be considered when comparing the annual results shown above are as follows:

Year Ended December 31, 2013

During 2013, the Company completed an acquisition and a number of transactions. Please see Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a summary of these acquisitions.

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On March 20, 3013, the Company issued and sold $550 million aggregate principal amount 6.75% Notes due 2020 (the “6.75% Notes”). The 6.75% Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by all of MDC’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries that guarantee, or are co-borrowers under or grant liens to secure MDC’s senior secured revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”). The 6.75% Notes bear interest at a rate of 6.75% per annum, accruing from March 20, 2013. Interest is payable semiannually in arrears in cash on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2013. The 6.75% Notes will mature on April 1, 2020, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. The notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of the 6.75% Notes equal to approximately $537.6 million. The Company used net proceeds to redeem all of the existing 11% Notes, together with accrued interest, related premiums, fees and expenses and recorded a charge for loss on redemption of notes of $55.6 million, including write offs of unamortized original issue premium and debt issuance costs. Remaining proceeds were used for general corporate purposes. In addition, the Company entered into an amended and restated, $225 million senior secured revolving credit agreement due 2018.

In November 2013, stock-based compensation included a charge of $78.0 million relating to the cash settlement of the outstanding Stock Appreciation Rights (“SAR’s”).

On November 15, 2013, the Company issued an additional $110 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.75% Notes. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 6.75% Notes and treated as a single series with the original 6.75% Notes.

During 2013, the Company discontinued two subsidiaries and an operating division. All periods reflect these discontinued operations. See Note 10 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

Year Ended December 31, 2012

During 2012, the Company completed a number of acquisitions. Please see Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a summary of these acquisitions.

On December 10, 2012, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as guarantors, issued and sold an additional $80 million aggregate principal amount of 11% Notes due 2016. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 11% Notes and treated as a single series with the original 11% Notes. The additional notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds before expenses of $83.2 million, which included an original issue premium of $4.8 million, and underwriter fees of $1.6 million. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering to repay the outstanding balance under the Company’s revolving credit agreement described elsewhere herein, and for general corporate purposes.

During 2012, the Company discontinued a subsidiary and certain operating divisions. All periods reflect these discontinued operations. See Note 10 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

Year Ended December 31, 2011

During 2011, the Company completed a number of acquisitions. Please see Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a summary of these acquisitions.

On April 19, 2011, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as guarantors, issued and sold an additional $55 million aggregate principal amount of 11% Notes due 2016. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 11% Notes and treated as a single series with the original 11% Notes. The additional notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds before expenses of $59.6 million, which included an original issue premium of $6.1 million, and underwriter fees of $1.5 million. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering to repay the outstanding balance under the Company’s revolving credit agreement described elsewhere herein, and for general corporate purposes.

Effective December 31, 2011, the Company discontinued an operating division. All periods reflect this discontinued operation. See Note 10 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

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Year Ended December 31, 2010

During 2010, the Company completed a significant number of acquisitions. Please see Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for a summary of these acquisitions.

On May 14, 2010, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as guarantors issued and sold $65 million aggregate principal amount of 11% Notes due 2016. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 11% notes and treated as a single series with the original 11% notes. The additional notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds before expenses of $67.2 million, which included an original issue premium of $2.6 million, and underwriter fees of $0.4 million. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering to repay the outstanding balance under the Company’s revolving Credit Agreement described elsewhere herein, and for general corporate purposes, including acquisitions.

Effective September 30, 2010, the Company ceased a subsidiary. All periods reflect these discontinued operations. See Note 10 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein.

Year Ended December 31, 2009

On October 23, 2009, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as guarantors, issued and sold $225 million aggregate principal amount of 11% Notes due 2016 (the “11% Notes”). The 11% Notes bear interest at a rate of 11% per annum, accruing from October 23, 2009. Interest is payable semiannually in arrears in cash on May 1 and November 1 of each year, beginning on May 1, 2010. The 11% Notes will mature on November 1, 2016, unless earlier redeemed or repurchased. In addition, the Company entered into a Credit Agreement described elsewhere herein. The Company used the net proceeds of this offering to repay the outstanding balance and terminate its prior Fortress Financing Agreement, and redeemed its outstanding 8% C$45 million convertible debentures. As a result, the Company incurred $4.5 million of early termination fees and wrote off of the remaining deferred financing costs relating to its prior Financing Agreement and convertible debentures.

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Executive Summary

The Company’s objective is to create shareholder value by building market-leading subsidiaries and affiliates that deliver innovative, value-added marketing communications and strategic consulting to their clients. Management believes that shareholder value is maximized with an operating philosophy of “Perpetual Partnership” with proven committed industry leaders in marketing communications.

MDC manages the business by monitoring several financial and non-financial performance indicators. The key indicators that we review focus on the areas of revenues and operating expenses and capital expenditures. Revenue growth is analyzed by reviewing the components and mix of the growth, including: growth by major geographic location; existing growth by major reportable segment (organic); growth from currency changes; and growth from acquisitions.

MDC conducts its businesses through the Marketing Communications Group. Within the Marketing Communications Group, there are two reportable operating segments: Strategic Marketing Services and Performance Marketing Services. In addition, MDC has a “Corporate Group” which provides certain accounting, administrative, financial, human resource and legal functions.

Marketing Communications Businesses

Through its operating “partners”, MDC provides advertising, consulting, customer relationship management, and specialized communication services to clients throughout the world.

The operating companies earn revenue from agency arrangements in the form of retainer fees or commissions; from short-term project arrangements in the form of fixed fees or per diem fees for services; and from incentives or bonuses. Additional information about revenue recognition appears in Note 2 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

MDC measures operating expenses in two distinct cost categories: cost of services sold, and office and general expenses. Cost of services sold is primarily comprised of employee compensation related costs and direct costs related primarily to providing services. Office and general expenses are primarily comprised of rent and occupancy costs and administrative service costs including related employee compensation costs. Also included in operating expenses is depreciation and amortization.

Because we are a service business, we monitor these costs on a percentage of revenue basis. Cost of services sold tend to fluctuate in conjunction with changes in revenues, whereas office and general expenses and depreciation and amortization, which are not directly related to servicing clients, tend to decrease as a percentage of revenue as revenues increase because a significant portion of these expenses are relatively fixed in nature.

We measure capital expenditures as either maintenance or investment related. Maintenance capital expenditures are primarily composed of general upkeep of our office facilities and equipment that are required to continue to operate our businesses. Investment capital expenditures include expansion costs, the build out of new capabilities, technology or call centers, or other growth initiatives not related to the day to day upkeep of the existing operations. Growth capital expenditures are measured and approved based on the expected return of the invested capital.

Certain Factors Affecting Our Business

Overall Factors Affecting our Business and Results of Operations .  The most significant factors include national, regional and local economic conditions, our clients’ profitability, mergers and acquisitions of our clients, changes in top management of our clients and our ability to retain and attract key employees. New business wins and client losses occur due to a variety of factors. The two most significant factors are; clients’ desire to change marketing communication firms, and the creative product our firms are offering. A client may choose to change marketing communication firms for a number of reasons, such as a change in top management and the new management wants to retain an agency that it may have previously worked with. In addition, if the client is merged or acquired by another company, the marketing communication firm is often changed. Further, global clients are trending to consolidate the use of numerous marketing communication firms to just one or two. Another factor in a client changing firms is the agency’s campaign or work product is not providing results and they feel a change is in order to generate additional revenues.

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Clients will generally reduce or increase their spending or outsourcing needs based on their current business trends and profitability. These types of changes impact the Performance Marketing Services Group more than the Strategic Marketing Services Group due to the Performance Marketing Services Group having clients who require project-based work as opposed to the Strategic Marketing Services Group who primarily have retainer-based relationships.

Acquisitions and Dispositions .  Our strategy includes acquiring ownership stakes in well-managed businesses with strong reputations in the industry. We engaged in a number of acquisition and disposal transactions during the 2010 to 2013 period, which affected revenues, expenses, operating income and net income. Additional information regarding material acquisitions is provided in Note 4 “Acquisitions” and information on dispositions is provided in Note 10 “Discontinued Operations” in the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

Foreign Exchange Fluctuation .  Our financial results and competitive position are affected by fluctuations in the exchange rate between the US dollar and non-US dollars, primarily the Canadian dollar. See also “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk — Foreign Exchange.”

Seasonality .  Historically, with some exceptions, we generate the highest quarterly revenues during the fourth quarter in each year. The fourth quarter has historically been the period in the year in which the highest volumes of media placements and retail related consumer marketing occur.

Fourth Quarter Results.   Revenues for the fourth quarter of 2013 increased to $307.1 million, compared to 2012 fourth quarter revenues of $292.6 million. The increase consisted of organic growth of $14.5 million, acquisition revenue of $2.2 million and a decrease of $2.3 million due to foreign currency fluctuations. The Strategic Marketing Services segment had revenue growth of $17.7 million in 2013, of which $18.7 million was organic, offset by a decrease of $1.0 million due to foreign currency fluctuations. The Performance Marketing Services segment had decreased revenue of $3.3 million in 2013, of which $4.1 million was an organic decline and $1.4 million related to foreign currency fluctuations, offset by $2.2 million of acquisition related revenue. Operating results for the fourth quarter of 2013 resulted in a loss of $71.6 million, compared to a loss of $6.9 million in 2012. The decrease in operating profits was primarily related to two compensation related items: a stock based compensation charge of $55.8 million relating to the Company’s settlement of its outstanding SAR’s in cash, and a one-time bonus to the Company’s CEO of $9.6 million for the Company’s stock price hitting certain targets. These decreases were offset in part by the increase in revenue. Loss from continuing operations for the fourth quarter of 2013 was $91.8 million, compared to $21.9 million in 2012. Other expense net increased to expense of $4.6 million in 2013, compared to income of $0.4 million in 2012 due to unrealized losses due to foreign currency fluctuations. Interest expense was lower in 2013 by $0.3 million, income tax expense was also higher by $0.3 million and equity in earnings of affiliates was $0.1 million in 2013, compared to $0.2 million in 2012. Interest expense decreased due to the Company’s refinancing of its outstanding indebtedness, in which the Company issued 6.75% Notes and redeemed all of its outstanding 11% Notes.

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Summary of Key Transactions

Year Ended December 31, 2013

On March 20, 3013, the Company issued and sold $550 million aggregate principal amount 6.75% Notes. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of the 6.75% Notes equal to approximately $537.6 million. The Company used the net proceeds to redeem all of the existing 11% Senior Notes due 2016, together with accrued interest, related premiums, fees and expenses and recorded a charge for loss on redemption of notes of $55.6 million, including write offs of unamortized original issue premium and debt issuance costs. Remaining proceeds were used for general corporate purposes. In addition, the Company entered into an amended and restated $225 million senior secured revolving credit agreement due 2018.

On November 15, 2013, the Company issued an additional $110 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.75% Notes. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 6.75% Notes and treated as a single series with the original 6.75% Notes. The additional notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds before expenses of $111.9 million, which included an original issue premium of $4.1 million, and underwriter fees of $2.2 million. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering for general corporate purposes.

Year Ended December 31, 2012

The Company completed several key acquisitions and transactions in 2012. These acquisitions included the acquisition of Doner Partners LLC (“Doner”). The Company acquired a 30% voting interest and a convertible preferred interest that allows the Company to increase ordinary voting ownership to 70% at MDC’s option, at no additional cost to the Company. Doner is a full service integrated creative agency. In addition, the Company acquired a 70% interest in TargetCast LLC (“TargetCast”), a full service integrated media agency.

The total aggregate purchase price for these 2012 transactions was $82.8 million, which included closing cash payments equal to $18.5 million and $8.0 million of working capital payments, plus additional estimated contingent purchase payments in future years of approximately $59.5 million. See Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for additional information on these and other acquisitions.

On December 10, 2012, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as guarantors, issued and sold an additional $80 million aggregate principal amount of 11% Notes due 2016. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 11% Notes and treated as a single series with the original 11% Notes. The additional notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds before expenses of $83.2 million, which included an original issue premium of $4.8 million, less underwriter fees of $1.6 million. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering to repay the outstanding balance under the Company’s revolving credit agreement described elsewhere herein, and for general corporate purposes.

Year Ended December 31, 2011

The Company completed several key acquisitions in 2011. These acquisitions included the acquisition of a 70% interest in Concentric Partners, LLC (“Concentric”), a 65% interest in Laird + Partners, New York LLC (“Laird”), a 100% interest in RJ Palmer Partners LLC (“RJ Palmer”), a 75% interest in Trade X Partners LLC (“Trade X”) and a 60% interest in Anomaly Partners, LLC (“Anomaly”).

The total aggregate purchase price for these 2011 transactions was $76.8 million, which included closing cash payments equal to $40 million plus additional estimated contingent purchase payments in future years of approximately $36.8 million. See Note 4 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements included herein for additional information on these and other acquisitions.

On April 19, 2011, the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, as guarantors, issued and sold an additional $55 million aggregate principal amount of 11% Notes due 2016. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 11% Notes and treated as a single series with the original 11% Notes. The additional notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds before expenses of $59.6 million,

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which included an original issue premium of $6.1 million, and underwriter fees of $1.5 million. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering to repay the outstanding balance under the Company’s WF Credit Agreement described elsewhere herein, and for general corporate purposes.

Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011:

		For the Year Ended December 31, 2013
		Strategic Marketing Services				Performance Marketing Services				Corporate				Total
Revenue		$	805,439			$	343,442			$	—			$	1,148,881
Cost of services sold			510,014				244,480				—				754,494
Office and general expenses			186,369				73,696				126,714				386,779
Depreciation and amortization			23,720				14,486				1,394				39,600
Operating profit (loss)			85,336				10,780				(128,108	)			(31,992	)
Other income (expense):
Other income, net															2,531
Foreign exchange loss															(5,537	)
Interest expense, finance charges, and loss on redemption of notes, net															(100,592	)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes, equity in affiliates															(135,590	)
Income tax recovery															(4,291	)
Loss from continuing operations before equity in affiliates															(131,299	)
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated affiliates															281
Loss from continuing operations															(131,018	)
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc., net of taxes															(11,384	)
Net loss															(142,402	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests			(4,889	)			(1,572	)			—				(6,461	)
Net loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc.														$	(148,863	)
Stock based compensation		$	7,249			$	3,425			$	89,731			$	100,405

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		For the Year Ended December 31, 2012
		Strategic Marketing Services				Performance Marketing Services				Corporate				Total
Revenue		$	719,364			$	343,901			$	—			$	1,063,265
Cost of services sold			479,060				254,740				—				733,800
Office and general expenses			188,954				71,798				38,847				299,599
Depreciation and amortization			27,260				17,190				1,342				45,792
Operating profit (loss)			24,090				173				(40,189	)			(15,926	)
Other income (expense):
Other income, net															117
Foreign exchange loss															(976	)
Interest expense and finance charges, net															(46,190	)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes, equity in affiliates															(62,975	)
Income tax expense															9,553
Loss from continuing operations before equity in affiliates															(72,528	)
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated affiliates															633
Loss from continuing operations															(71,895	)
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc., net of taxes															(6,681	)
Net loss															(78,576	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests			(5,167	)			(1,696	)			—				(6,863	)
Net loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc.														$	(85,439	)
Stock based compensation		$	9,186			$	8,227			$	14,784			$	32,197

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		For the Year Ended December 31, 2011
		Strategic Marketing Services				Performance Marketing Services				Corporate				Total
Revenue		$	608,022			$	326,266			$	—			$	934,288
Cost of services sold			425,316				241,402				—				666,718
Office and general expenses			137,824				44,172				35,432				217,428
Depreciation and amortization			22,378				16,457				826				39,661
Operating profit (loss)			22,504				24,235				(36,258	)			10,481
Other income (expense):
Other income, net															116
Foreign exchange loss															(1,677	)
Interest expense and finance charges, net															(41,561	)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes, equity in affiliates															(32,641	)
Income tax expense															41,735
Loss from continuing operations before equity in affiliates															(74,376	)
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated affiliates															213
Loss from continuing operations															(74,163	)
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc., net of taxes															(2,082	)
Net loss															(76,245	)
Net income attributable to non-controlling interests			(6,414	)			(2,015	)			—				(8,429	)
Net loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc.														$	(84,674	)
Stock based compensation		$	5,149			$	3,695			$	14,813			$	23,657

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Year Ended December 31, 2013 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2012

Revenue was $1.15 billion for the year ended 2013, representing an increase of $85.6 million, or 8.1%, compared to revenue of $1.06 billion for the year ended 2012. This increase relates primarily to an increase in organic revenue of $88.5 million and acquisition growth of $2.6 million. A strengthening of the US Dollar, primarily versus the Canadian dollar during the year ended December 31, 2013, resulted in a decrease of $5.4 million.

Operating loss for the year ended 2013 was $32.0 million, compared to a loss of $15.9 million in 2012. Operating profit increased by $61.2 million in the Strategic Marketing Services segment and by $10.6 million in the Performance Marketing Services segment. Corporate operating expenses increased by $87.9 million in 2013.

Loss from continuing operations was a loss of $131.0 million in 2013, compared to a loss of $71.9 million in 2012. This increase in loss of $59.1 million was primarily attributable to a decrease in operating profits of $16.1 million (primarily due to an increase in stock based compensation of $68.2 million), and an increase in net interest expense equal to $54.4 million, offset by a decrease in tax expense of $13.8 million. The increase in net interest expense was primarily due to the Company’s redemption of its 11% Notes in March 2013 and related premium, fees and expenses of $55.6 million. These amounts were also impacted by an increase in foreign exchange losses of $4.6 million in 2013 and an increase in other income, net of $2.4 million.

Marketing Communications Group

Revenues attributable to the Marketing Communications Group, which consists of two reportable segments — Strategic Marketing Services and Performance Marketing Services, were $1.15 billion in the aggregate in 2013, compared to $1.06 million in 2012, representing a year-over-year increase of 8.1%.

The components of the revenue for 2013 are shown in the following table:

		Revenue
		$000’s				%
Year ended December 31, 2012		$	1,063,265
Acquisition			2,572				0.3	%
Organic			88,479				8.3	%
Foreign exchange impact			(5,435	)			(0.5	)%
Year ended December 31, 2013		$	1,148,881				8.1	%

The geographic mix in revenues was relatively consistent between 2013 and 2012 and is demonstrated in the following table:

		2013				2012
US			82	%			81	%
Canada			12	%			14	%
Europe and other			6	%			5	%

The operating profit of the Marketing Communications Group increased by $71.9 million to $96.1 million from $24.3 million. Operating margins increased by 6.1% and were 8.4% for 2013, compared to 2.3% for 2012. The increase in operating profit and operating margin was primarily due to increases in revenue and decreases in direct costs, office and general expenses, and depreciation and amortization. Total staff costs were consistent at approximately 59%. Direct costs (excluding staff costs) decreased as a percentage of revenues from 16.8% in 2012, to 13.4% in 2013. Direct costs decreased as there were fewer pass-through costs incurred on the clients’ behalf during 2013 where the company was acting as principal versus agent for certain client contracts. Office and general expenses decreased as a percentage of revenue from 24.5% in 2012, to 22.6% in 2013. This decrease was primarily due to a reduction of $17.1 million in expense relating to estimated deferred acquisition consideration and the increase in revenue on relatively fixed costs. Depreciation and amortization as a percentage of revenue decreased from 4.2% in 2012 to 3.3% in 2013.

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Marketing Communications Businesses

Strategic Marketing Services

Revenues attributable to Strategic Marketing Services in 2013 were $805.4 million, compared to $719.4 million in 2012. The year-over-year increase of $86.1 million, or 12.0%, was attributable primarily to organic growth of $91.4 million or 12.7%; these increases were offset by a foreign exchange translation decrease due to the strengthening of the US dollar compared to the Canadian dollar. This organic revenue growth was driven by net new business wins.

The operating profit of Strategic Marketing Services increased by $61.2 million from $24.1 million in 2012 to $85.3 million in 2013. Operating margins increased from 3.4% in 2012 to 10.6% in 2013. The increase in operating profits and operating margins were primarily due to increases in revenues and decreases in direct costs, office and general costs and depreciation and amortization. Total staff costs were relatively consistent at 60%. Direct costs (excluding staff labor) decreased as a percentage of revenue from 13.2% 2012 to 8.8% in 2013. Direct costs decreased as there were fewer pass-through costs incurred on the clients’ behalf during 2013 where the company was acting as principal versus agent for certain client contracts. Office and general expenses decreased as a percentage of revenue from 26.3% in 2012 to 23.1% in 2013. The decrease was due to a reduction of $11.8 million in expense relating to estimated deferred acquisition consideration and the increased revenue on relatively fixed costs. Depreciation and amortization as a percentage of revenue decreased from 3.8% in 2012 to 2.9% in 2013.

Performance Marketing Services

Performance Marketing Services generated revenues of $343.4 million for 2013, a decrease of $0.5 million, or 0.1%, compared to revenues of $343.9 million in 2012. The year-over-year decrease was attributable primarily to an organic decline of $2.9 million offset by an increase in acquisition growth of $5.8 million, and a foreign translation decrease of $3.3 million. This organic revenue decline was driven by net new business wins offset by larger reductions of client spending amounts.

The operating profit of Performance Marketing Services increased by $10.6 million, from $0.2 million in 2012 to $10.8 million in 2013. Operating margins increased from 0.1% in 2012 to 3.1% in 2013. The increase in operating profits and operating margins were primarily due to decreases in staff costs, direct costs (excluding staff labor) and depreciation and amortization. Total staff costs decreased from 58.3% in 2012 to 57.4% in 2013. Direct costs decreased from 24.2% in 2012 to 23.9% in 2013 due to decreased pass-through costs incurred on the clients’ behalf during 2013 where the agency was acting as principal versus agent for certain client contracts. Office and general costs increased from 20.9% in 2012 to 21.5% in 2013 on relatively flat revenue. Depreciation and amortization decreased from 5.0% in 2012 to 4.2% in 2013.

Corporate

Operating costs related to the Company’s Corporate operations increased by $87.9 million to $128.1 million in 2013, compared to $40.2 million in 2012. This increase was primarily related to increased compensation and related costs of $89.0 million. The increase in compensation and related costs is due to the Company’s settlement of its SAR’s in cash resulting in a stock based compensation charge of $78.0 million and a one-time bonus payment of $9.6 million to our CEO for the Company’s stock price achieving specified targets. Increases in benefits and severance costs accounted for the remaining increase. Additional advertising and promotion costs, occupancy, travel and entertainment, professional fees, and other administrative costs were offset by the repayment in full of a previously fully reserved loan by the Company’s CEO of $5.3 million.

Other Income, Net

Other income, net, increased by $2.4 million from income of $0.1 million in 2012 to income of $2.5 million in 2013. The increase was primarily related to a distribution received in excess of the assets carrying value of $3.1 million.

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Foreign Exchange

The foreign exchange loss was $5.5 million for 2013, compared to a loss of $1.0 million recorded in 2012. This unrealized loss was due primarily to the fluctuation in the US dollar during 2013 and 2012 compared to the Canadian dollar relating to the Company’s US dollar denominated intercompany balances with its Canadian subsidiaries.

Interest Expense and Finance Charges, Net

Interest expense and finance charges, net for 2013 was $100.6 million, an increase of $54.4 million over the $46.2 million of interest expense and finance charges, net incurred during 2012. This increase was due to the loss paid on the redemption of the Company’s 11% Notes of $55.6 million, offset in part by lower borrowing costs related to the 6.75% Notes issued to replace those notes.

Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense in 2012 was $9.6 million compared to a benefit of $4.3 million for 2013. The Company’s effective rate was substantially lower than the statutory rate in 2013, primarily due to nondeductible stock-based compensation, an increase in the valuation allowance, offset in part by noncontrolling interest charges. The Company’s effective tax rate was substantially higher than the statutory rate in 2012 due to non-deductible stock-based compensation and an increase in the Company’s valuation allowance, offset in part by noncontrolling interest charges.

The Company’s US operating units are generally structured as limited liability companies, which are treated as partnerships for tax purposes. The Company is only taxed on its share of profits, while noncontrolling holders are responsible for taxes on their share of the profits.

Equity in Affiliates

Equity in affiliates represents the income attributable to equity-accounted affiliate operations. In 2013, the Company recorded income of $0.3 million compared to income of $0.6 million in 2012.

Noncontrolling Interests

The effects of noncontrolling interest was $6.5 million for 2013, a decrease of $0.4 million from the $6.9 million during 2012. The decrease relates to step-up transactions of entities the Company does not own 100% in both the Strategic Marketing Services and Performance Marketing Service segments.

Discontinued Operations

The loss net of taxes from discontinued operations for 2013 was $11.4 million and $6.7 million in 2012.

Net Loss Attributable to MDC Partners Inc.

As a result of the foregoing, the net loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc. for 2013 was $148.9 million or a loss of $3.16 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $85.4 million or $1.85 per diluted share reported for 2012.

Year Ended December 31, 2012 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2011

Revenue was $1.06 billion for the year ended 2012, representing an increase of $129.0 million, or 13.8%, compared to revenue of $934.3 million for the year ended 2011. This increase relates primarily to acquisition growth of $54.2 million and an increase in organic revenue of $77.3 million. A strengthening of the US Dollar, primarily versus the Canadian dollar during the year ended December 31, 2012, resulted in a decrease of $2.5 million.

Operating loss for the year ended 2012 was $15.9 million, compared to operating profits of $10.5 million in 2011. Operating profit decreased by $24.1 million in the Performance Marketing Services segment, and was offset by an increase of $1.6 million in the Strategic Marketing Services segment. Corporate operating expenses increased by $3.9 million in 2012.

Loss from continuing operations was a loss of $71.9 million in 2012, compared to a loss of $74.2 million in 2011. This increase in loss of $2.3 million was primarily attributable to a decrease in operating profits of

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$26.4 million resulting from an increase in deferred acquisition consideration of $40.2 million, offset by the increase in revenue and an increase in net interest expense equal to $4.6 million, offset by the decrease in tax expense of $32.2 million. The increase in net interest expense was primarily due to higher outstanding borrowing under the WF Credit Agreement and the Company’s outstanding 11% notes. These amounts were impacted by a decrease in foreign exchange losses of $0.7 million in 2012 and an increase in equity in earnings of non-consolidated affiliates of $0.4 million.

Marketing Communications Group

Revenues attributable to the Marketing Communications Group, which consists of two reportable segments — Strategic Marketing Services and Performance Marketing Services, were $1.06 billion in the aggregate in 2012, compared to $934.3 million in 2011, representing a year-over-year increase of 13.8%.

The components of the revenue for 2012 are shown in the following table:

		Revenue
		$000’s				%
Year ended December 31, 2011		$	934,288
Acquisition			54,198				5.8	%
Organic			77,293				8.3	%
Foreign exchange impact			(2,514	)			(0.3	)%
Year ended December 31, 2012		$	1,063,265				13.8	%

The geographic mix in revenues was relatively consistent between 2012 and 2011 and is demonstrated in the following table:

		2012				2011
US			81	%			80	%
Canada			14	%			16	%
Europe and other			5	%			4	%

The operating profit of the Marketing Communications Group decreased by approximately 48.1% to $24.3 million in 2012, from $46.7 million in 2011. The decrease in operating profit of $22.4 million was primarily due to an increase in estimated deferred acquisition consideration adjustments of $40.2 million, an increase in stock based compensation of $8.6 million and increased depreciation and amortization of $5.6 million, all due to acquisitions. These amounts were offset by $32.0 million of increased operating profits driven by the increase in revenue following the Company’s strategic investment spending in 2011. Operating margins decreased to 2.3% for 2012, compared to 5.0% for 2011. This decrease in operating margin was primarily related to an increase in office and general expenses as a percentage of revenue from 19.5% in 2011, to 24.5% in 2012. This increase was primarily due to estimated deferred acquisition consideration adjustments as a percentage of revenue which increased to 5.0% in 2012 compared to 1.4% in 2011. In addition, total staff costs increased as a percentage of revenue from 55.2% in 2011, to 59.3% in 2012. Offsetting these increases was a decrease in reimbursed client related direct costs (excluding staff costs) as a percentage of revenue from 22.8% in 2011, to 16.8% in 2012.

Marketing Communications Businesses

Strategic Marketing Services

Revenues attributable to Strategic Marketing Services in 2012 were $719.4 million, compared to $608.0 million in 2011. The year-over-year increase of $111.4 million, or 18.3%, was attributable primarily to organic growth of $74.3 million or 12.2%; and acquisition growth of $38.6 million or 6.4%; these increases were offset by a foreign exchange translation decrease of $1.6 million due to the strengthening of the US dollar compared to the Canadian dollar. This organic revenue growth was driven by net new business wins.

The operating profit of Strategic Marketing Services increased by $1.6 million to $24.1 million in 2012, from $22.5 million in 2011. Operating margins decreased to 3.3% in 2012 from 3.7% in 2011. The increase in

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operating profit is primarily related to the increase in revenue. This increase was offset by an increase in estimated deferred acquisition consideration adjustments of $24.3 million, increased depreciation and amortization of $4.9 million due to acquisitions, and an increase in stock based compensation of $4.0 million. The decrease in operating margin was primarily related to an increase in office and general expenses as a percentage of revenue from 22.7% in 2011 to 26.3% in 2012 due to the increased estimated deferred acquisition consideration adjustments of 6.6% in 2012 compared to 3.9% in 2011. In addition, total staff costs as a percentage of revenue increased from 56.2% in 2011 to 59.8% in 2012. Depreciation and amortization increased as a percentage of revenue from 3.7% during 2011 to 3.8% during 2012. Offsetting this decrease in margins was a decrease in direct costs (excluding staff costs) as a percentage of revenues from 20.1% of revenue in 2011, to 13.2% of revenue in 2012.

Performance Marketing Services

Performance Marketing Services generated revenues of $343.9 million for 2012, an increase of $17.6 million, or 5.4%, compared to revenues of $326.3 million in 2011. The year-over-year increase was attributable primarily to acquisition growth of $15.6 million, organic revenue growth of $2.0 million, and a foreign translation decrease of $0.9 million. This organic revenue growth was driven by net new business wins.

The operating profit of Performance Marketing Services decreased by $24.0 million to $0.2 million in 2012, from an operating profit of $24.2 million in 2011. Operating margins decreased from 7.4% in 2011 compared to an operating margin of 0.1% in 2012. The decrease in operating profit was primarily due to an increase in estimated deferred acquisition consideration adjustments of $15.9 million and increased stock based compensation of $4.5 million. This decrease was offset in part by increased revenue. The decrease in operating margin in 2012 was due primarily to an increase in total staff costs as a percentage of revenue from 53.5% in 2011 to 58.3% in 2012. Office and general expenses as a percentage of revenue increased from 13.5% in 2011 to 20.9% in 2012 due to an increase in estimated deferred acquisition consideration adjustments as a percentage of revenue of 1.6% in 2012 from a positive net adjustment of 3.2% in 2011, and an increase in stock based compensation expense of $4.5 million. Offsetting these increases was a decrease in direct costs (excluding staff costs) as a percentage of revenue from 27.9% in 2011 to 24.2% in 2012.

Corporate

Operating costs related to the Company’s Corporate operations increased by $3.9 million to $40.2 million in 2012, compared to $36.3 million in 2011. This increase was primarily related to increased compensation and related costs of $3.6 million. Additional depreciation and amortization and advertising and promotion costs were offset by decreases in, occupancy, travel and entertainment, professional fees, and other administrative costs.

Other Expense, Net

Other expense, net, remained consistent at income of $0.1 million.

Foreign Exchange

The foreign exchange loss was $1.0 million for 2012, compared to a loss of $1.7 million recorded in 2011. This unrealized loss was due primarily to the fluctuation in the US dollar during 2012 and 2011 compared to the Canadian dollar relating to the Company’s US dollar denominated intercompany balances with its Canadian subsidiaries.

Interest Expense and Finance Charges, Net

Interest expense and finance charges, net for 2012 was $46.2 million, an increase of $4.6 million over the $41.6 million of interest expense and finance charges, net incurred during 2011. Interest expense and finance charges increased $4.6 million in 2012 due to the additional borrowings under the Company’s WF Credit Agreement throughout 2012 and an additional $80 million 11% notes issued in December 2012. Interest income in 2012 was consistent at $0.2 million.

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Income Tax Expense

Income tax expense in 2012 was $9.6 million compared to $41.7 million for 2011. The Company’s effective tax rate was substantially higher than the statutory rate in 2012 and 2011 due to non-deductible stock-based compensation and an increase in the Company’s valuation allowance, offset in part by noncontrolling interest charges.

The Company’s US operating units are generally structured as limited liability companies, which are treated as partnerships for tax purposes. The Company is only taxed on its share of profits, while noncontrolling holders are responsible for taxes on their share of the profits.

Equity in Affiliates

Equity in affiliates represents the income attributable to equity-accounted affiliate operations. In 2012, the Company recorded income of $0.6 million compared to income of $0.2 million in 2011.

Noncontrolling Interests

Noncontrolling interest expense was $6.8 million for 2012, a decrease of $1.6 million from the $8.4 million of noncontrolling interest expense incurred during 2011. The decrease relates to step-up transactions of entities the Company does not own 100%, both the Strategic Marketing Services and Performance Marketing Service segments.

Discontinued Operations

The loss net of taxes from discontinued operations for 2012 was $6.7 million and $2.1 million in 2011.

Net Loss Attributable to MDC Partners Inc.

As a result of the foregoing, the net loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc. for 2012 was $85.4 million or loss of $1.85 per diluted share, compared to a net loss of $84.7 million or $1.94 per diluted share reported for 2011.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

The following table provides information about the Company’s liquidity position:

Liquidity		2013				2012				2011
		(In Thousands, Except for Long-Term Debt to Shareholders’ Equity Ratio)
Cash and cash equivalents		$	102,007			$	60,330			$	8,096
Working capital (deficit)		$	(189,815	)		$	(226,682	)		$	(127,888	)
Cash from operating activities		$	59,299			$	76,304			$	4,548
Cash from (used in) investing activities		$	(30,124	)		$	7,811			$	(30,436	)
Cash from (used in) financing activities		$	10,492			$	(31,858	)		$	23,299
Ratio of long-term debt to shareholders’ deficit			(2.40	)			(5.09	)			(29.76	)

As of December 31, 2013, 2012 and 2011, $0.7 million, $2.5 million and $0.9 million, respectively, of the Company’s consolidated cash position was held by subsidiaries. Although this amount is available for the subsidiaries’ use, it does not represent cash that is distributable as earnings to MDC for use to reduce its indebtedness. It is the Company’s intent through its cash management system to reduce outstanding borrowings under the WF Credit Agreement by using available cash.

Working Capital

At December 31, 2013, the Company had a working capital deficit of $189.8 million, compared to a deficit of $226.7 million at December 31, 2012. Working capital deficit decreased by $36.9 million primarily related to a $51.3 million decrease in short term deferred acquisition consideration. The decrease was primarily due to timing in the amounts collected from clients, and when paid to suppliers, primarily media outlets. At December 31, 2013 and 2012, the Company had no borrowings under its Credit Agreement. The Company includes amounts due to noncontrolling interest holders, for their share of profits, in accrued and

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other liabilities. During 2013, 2012 and 2011, the Company made distributions to these noncontrolling interest holders of $5.5 million, $7.7 million and $12.3 million, respectively. At December 31, 2013, $5.2 million remains outstanding to be distributed to noncontrolling interest holders over the next twelve months.

The Company expects that available borrowings under its Credit Agreement, together with cash flows from operations and other initiatives, will be sufficient over the next twelve months to adequately fund working capital deficits should there be a need to do so from time to time, as well as all of the Company’s obligations including put options and capital expenditures.

Operating Activities

Cash flows provided by continuing operations for 2013 was $62.1 million. This was attributable primarily to a loss on the redemption of notes of $50.4 million, plus non-cash stock based compensation of $22.5 million, depreciation and amortization of $47.4 million, and adjustments to deferred acquisition consideration of $36.1 million, an increase in accounts payable, accruals and other current liabilities of $29.2 million, a decrease in accounts receivable of $17.6 million, an increase in advanced billings of $17.6 million and foreign exchange of $3.1 million. This was partially offset by a loss from continuing operations of $131.0 million, other non-current assets and liabilities of $9.8 million, an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $7.8 million, deferred income tax of $5.4 million, an increase in expenditures billable to clients of $4.4 million, and distributions in excess of carrying value of $3.1 million. Discontinued operations used cash of $2.8 million.

Cash flows provided by continuing operations for 2012 was $80.9 million. This was attributable primarily to a loss from continuing operations of $71.9 million, plus non-cash stock based compensation of $32.2 million, depreciation and amortization of $48.0 million, and adjustments to deferred acquisition consideration of $53.3 million, an increase in accounts payable accruals and other current liabilities of $66.1 million, deferred income taxes of $8.4 million, an increase in advanced billings of $1.7 million and foreign exchange of $0.9 million. This was partially offset by an increase in accounts receivable of $29.9 million, an increase in expenditures billable to clients of $17.2 million, other non-current assets and liabilities of $7.9 million, an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $2.2 million and earnings of non-consolidated affiliates of $0.6 million. Discontinued operations used cash of $4.6 million.

Cash flows provided by continuing operations for 2011 was $5.3 million. This was attributable primarily to a loss from continuing operations of $74.2 million, plus non-cash stock based compensation of $23.7 million, depreciation and amortization of $41.8 million, a decrease in expenditures billable to clients of $15.3 million, deferred income taxes of $40.3 million, and adjustments to deferred acquisition consideration of $13.5 million. This was partially offset by a decrease in advance billings of $32.5 million, increases in accounts receivable of $10.9 million, other non-current assets and liabilities of $2.0 million, a decrease in accounts payable, accruals and other liabilities of $9.6 million, and an increase in prepaid expenses and other current assets of $0.7 million. Discontinued operations used cash of $0.7 million.

Investing Activities

Cash flows used by investing activities were $30.1 million for 2013, compared with cash flows provided by investing activities of $7.8 million for 2012, and cash flows used by investing activities of $30.4 million in 2011.

In the year ended December 31, 2013, capital expenditures totaled $19.5 million, of which $12.2 million was incurred by the Strategic Marketing Services segment, $5.2 million was incurred by the Performance Marketing Services segment, and $2.1 million was incurred by corporate. These expenditures consisted primarily of computer equipment, furniture and fixtures, and leasehold improvements.

In the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company paid $11.9 million, net of cash acquired for acquisitions and $2.7 million for other investments. These outflows were offset by $3.8 million of profit distributions from affiliates, and $0.2 million of proceeds from the sale of assets.

Cash provided by acquisitions during 2012 was $30.9 million, $26.6 million related to acquisition payments, offset by $57.5 million of cash acquired. The Company also used cash of $2.2 million for other investments.

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Expenditures for capital assets in 2012 were equal to $20.3 million. Of this amount, $11.5 million was incurred by the Strategic Marketing Services segment, $8.4 million was incurred by the Performance Marketing Services segment. These expenditures consisted primarily of computer equipment, leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures, and $0.4 million related to the purchase of Corporate assets. These outflows were offset by $1.3 million in profit distributions.

Cash used in acquisitions during 2011 was $6.8 million, $42.5 million related to acquisition payments, reduced by $35.8 million of media cash acquired, and $0.1 million related to deferred payments for acquisitions that closed prior to January 1, 2009. The Company used cash of $4.2 million for other investments.

Expenditures for capital assets in 2011 were equal to $23.3 million. Of this amount, $11.7 million was incurred by the Strategic Marketing Services segment, $4.7 million was incurred by the Performance Marketing Services segment. These expenditures consisted primarily of computer equipment, leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures, and $6.9 million related to the purchase of Corporate assets. These outflows were offset by $4.6 million in profit distributions.

In 2013, discontinued operations used minimal cash relating to expenditures for capital assets. In 2012 and 2011, discontinued operations used cash of $2.1 million and $0.7 million relating to investing activities.

Financing Activities

During the year ended December 31, 2013, cash flows used in financing activities amounted to $10.5 million, and consisted of $119.6 million of acquisition related payments, the purchase of treasury shares for income tax withholding requirements of $13.8 million, distributions to noncontrolling partners of $5.5 million, payment of dividends of $22.0 million and repayments of long term debt of $2.0 million, offset by proceeds from the issuance of the 6.75% Notes of $664.1 million, which in turn was offset by the repayment of the 11% Notes of $425.0 million, and premium paid on redemption of notes of $50.4 million, deferred financing costs of $20.8 million, and bank overdrafts of $4.9 million.

During the year ended December 31, 2012, cash flows used in financing activities amounted to $31.9 million and primarily consisted of $84.8 million of proceeds from the additional 11% Notes issuance, and bank overdrafts of $26.0 million. These proceeds were offset by acquisition related payments of $68.7 million, repayments of the revolving credit facility of $38.0 million, dividends paid of $22.0 million, distributions to noncontrolling shareholders of $7.7 million, purchase of shares of $3.3 million, deferred financing costs of $2.2 million and repayment of long-term debt of $0.7 million

During the year ended December 31, 2011, cash flows provided by financing activities amounted to $23.3 million and primarily consisted of $61.1 million of proceeds from the additional 11% Notes issuance, proceeds from the WF Credit Agreement of $38.0 million and proceeds for the exercise of stock options of $1.1 million. These proceeds were offset by repayments from bank overdrafts of $5.7 million, by $3.1 million of deferred financing costs relating to the senior notes and revolving WF Credit Agreement. The proceeds of the 11% Notes issuance were partially offset by dividends paid of $16.4 million, distributions to noncontrolling shareholders of $12.3 million, purchase of treasury shares of $4.1 million and repayment of long-term debt of $1.1 million. In addition, the Company made acquisition related payments of $34.3 million of which $31.2 million related to earnout and deferred acquisition payments and $3.1 million related to acquisition of additional equity interests pursuant to put/call option exercises.

Total Debt

6.75% Senior Notes Due 2020

On March 20, 2013, MDC Partners Inc. (“MDC”) entered into an indenture (the “Indenture”) among MDC, its existing and future restricted subsidiaries that guarantee, or are co-borrowers under or grant liens to secure, MDC’s senior secured revolving credit agreement (the “Credit Agreement”), as guarantors (the “Guarantors”) and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, relating to the issuance by MDC of its 6.75% Senior Notes due 2020 (the “6.75% Notes”). The 6.75% Notes bear interest at a rate of 6.75% per annum, accruing from March 20, 2013. Interest is payable semiannually in arrears in cash on April 1 and October 1 of each year, beginning on October 1, 2013. The 6.75% Notes will mature on April 1, 2020, unless

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earlier redeemed or repurchased. The Company received net proceeds from the offering of the 6.75% Notes equal to approximately $537.6 million. The Company used the net proceeds to redeem all of the existing 11% Notes, together with accrued interest, related premiums, fees and expenses and recorded a charge during the nine months ended September 30, 2013, for loss on redemption of notes of $55.6 million, including write offs of unamortized original issue premium and debt issuance costs. Remaining proceeds were used for general corporate purposes.

On November 15, 2013, the Company issued an additional $110 million aggregate principal amount of its 6.75% Notes. The additional notes were issued under the Indenture governing the 6.75% Notes and treated as a single series with the original 6.75% Notes. The additional notes were sold in a private placement in reliance on exceptions from registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Company received net proceeds before expenses of $111.9 million, which included an original issue premium of $4.1 million, and underwriter fees of $2.2 million. The Company used the net proceeds of the offering for general corporate purposes.

The 6.75% Notes are guaranteed on a senior unsecured basis by all of MDC’s existing and future restricted subsidiaries that guarantee, or are co-borrowers under or grant liens to secure, the Credit Agreement. The 6.75% Notes are unsecured and unsubordinated obligations of MDC and rank (i) equally in right of payment with all of MDC’s or any Guarantor’s existing and future senior indebtedness, (ii) senior in right of payment to MDC’s or any Guarantor’s existing and future subordinated indebtedness, (iii) effectively subordinated to all of MDC’s or any Guarantor’s existing and future secured indebtedness to the extent of the collateral securing such indebtedness, including the Credit Agreement, and (iv) structurally subordinated to all existing and future liabilities of MDC’s subsidiaries that are not Guarantors.

MDC may, at its option, redeem the 6.75% Notes in whole at any time or in part from time to time, on and after April 1, 2016 at a redemption price of 103.375% of the principal amount thereof if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on April 1, 2016, at a redemption price of 101.688% of the principal amount thereof if redeemed during the twelve-month period beginning on April 1, 2017 and at a redemption price of 100% of the principal amount thereof if redeemed on April 1, 2018 and thereafter.

Prior to April 1, 2016, MDC may, at its option, redeem some or all of the 6.75% Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 6.75% Notes plus a “make whole” premium and accrued and unpaid interest. MDC may also redeem, at its option, prior to April 1, 2016, up to 35% of the 6.75% Notes with the proceeds from one or more equity offerings at a redemption price of 106.750% of the principal amount thereof.

If MDC experiences certain kinds of changes of control (as defined in the Indenture), holders of the 6.75% Notes may require MDC to repurchase any 6.75% Notes held by them at a price equal to 101% of the principal amount of the 6.75% Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, if MDC sells assets under certain circumstances, it must offer to repurchase the 6.75% Notes at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the 6.75% Notes plus accrued and unpaid interest.

The Indenture includes covenants that, among other things, restrict MDC’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries (as defined in the Indenture) to incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; pay dividends on or redeem or repurchase the capital stock of MDC; make certain types of investments; create restrictions on the payment of dividends or other amounts from MDC’s restricted subsidiaries; sell assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; create liens; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; and consolidate or merge with or into, or sell substantially all of MDC’s assets to, another person. These covenants are subject to a number of important limitations and exceptions. The 6.75% Notes are also subject to customary events of default, including cross-payment default and cross-acceleration provisions.

Redemption of 11% Senior Notes Due 2016

On March 20, 2013, the Company redeemed all of the 11% Senior Notes due 2016.

Revolving Credit Agreement

On March 20, 2013, MDC, Maxxcom Inc. (a subsidiary of MDC) and each of their subsidiaries party thereto entered into an amended and restated, $225 million senior secured revolving credit agreement due 2018 (the “Credit Agreement”) with Wells Fargo Capital Finance, LLC, as agent, and the lenders from time

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to time party thereto. Advances under the Credit Agreement will be used for working capital and general corporate purposes, in each case pursuant to the terms of the Credit Agreement. Capitalized terms used in this section and not otherwise defined have the meanings set forth in the Credit Agreement.

Advances under the Credit Agreement bear interest as follows: (a)(i) LIBOR Rate Loans bear interest at the LIBOR Rate and (ii) Base Rate Loans bear interest at the Base Rate, plus (b) an applicable margin. The initial applicable margin for borrowing is 1.25% in the case of Base Rate Loans and 2.00% in the case of LIBOR Rate Loans. In addition to paying interest on outstanding principal under the Credit Agreement, MDC is required to pay an unused revolver fee to lenders under the Credit Agreement in respect of unused commitments thereunder.

The Credit Agreement is guaranteed by substantially all of MDC’s present and future subsidiaries, other than immaterial subsidiaries and subject to customary exceptions. The Credit Agreement includes covenants that, among other things, restrict MDC’s ability and the ability of its subsidiaries to incur or guarantee additional indebtedness; pay dividends on or redeem or repurchase the capital stock of MDC; make certain types of investments; impose limitations on dividends or other amounts from MDC’s subsidiaries; incur certain liens, sell or otherwise dispose of certain assets; enter into transactions with affiliates; enter into sale and leaseback transactions; and consolidate or merge with or into, or sell substantially all of MDC’s assets to, another person. These covenants are subject to a number of important limitations and exceptions. The Credit Agreement also contains financial covenants, including a total leverage ratio, a senior leverage ratio, a fixed charge coverage ratio and a minimum earnings level (each as more fully described in the Credit Agreement). The Credit Agreement is also subject to customary events of default.

The foregoing descriptions of the Indenture and the Credit Agreement do not purport to be complete and are qualified in their entirety by reference to the full text of the agreements.

Debt excluding the premium on the notes as December 31, 2013 was $661.1 million, an increase of $229.4 million, compared with $431.7 million outstanding at December 31, 2012. This increase in debt was a result of the Company’s issuance of its 6.75% Notes offset by the repayment of its 11% Notes. At December 31, 2013, approximately $220.1 million was available under the Credit Agreement.

The Company is currently in compliance with all of the terms and conditions of the Credit Agreement, and management believes, based on its current financial projections, that the Company will be in compliance with its covenants over the next twelve months.

If the Company loses all or a substantial portion of its lines of credit under the Credit Agreement, or if the Company uses the maximum available amount under the Credit Agreement, it will be required to seek other sources of liquidity. If the Company were unable to find these sources of liquidity, for example through an equity offering or access to the capital markets, the Company’s ability to fund its working capital needs and any contingent obligations with respect to put options would be adversely affected.

Pursuant to the Credit Agreement, the Company must comply with certain financial covenants including, among other things, covenants for (i) senior leverage ratio, (ii) total leverage ratio, (iii) fixed charges ratio, and (iv) minimum earnings before interest, taxes and depreciation and amortization, in each case as such term is specifically defined in the Credit Agreement. For the period ended December 31, 2013, the Company’s calculation of each of these covenants, and the specific requirements under the Credit Agreement, respectively, were as follows:

		December 31, 2013
Total Senior Leverage Ratio			(0.47	)
Maximum per covenant			2.00
Total Leverage Ratio			3.41
Maximum per covenant			5.50
Fixed Charges Ratio			3.11
Minimum per covenant			1.00
Earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization		$	170.3 million
Minimum per covenant		$	105 million

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These ratios are not based on generally accepted accounting principles and are not presented as alternative measures of operating performance or liquidity. They are presented here to demonstrate compliance with the covenants in the Company’s Credit Agreement, as non-compliance with such covenants could have a material adverse effect on the Company.

Disclosure of Contractual Obligations and Other Commercial Commitments

The following table provides a payment schedule of present and future obligations. Management anticipates that the obligations outstanding at December 31, 2013 will be repaid with new financing, equity offerings and/or cash flow from operations (in thousands):

		Payments Due by Period
Contractual Obligations		Total				Less than 1 Year				1 – 3 Years				3 – 5 Years				After 5 Years
Indebtedness		$	660,120			$	40			$	80			$	—			$	660,000
Capital lease obligations			952				427				525				—				—
Operating leases			265,578				41,166				76,340				61,376				86,696
Interest on debt			278,438				44,550				89,100				89,100				55,688
Deferred acquisition consideration			153,913				53,041				78,624				22,248				—
Other Long-term Liabilities			18,947				6,026				5,528				5,173				2,220
Total contractual obligations (1)		$	1,377,948			$	145,250			$	250,197			$	177,897			$	804,604

The following table provides a summary of other commercial commitments (in thousands) at December 31, 2013:

		Payments Due by Period
Other Commercial Commitments		Total				Less than 1 Year				1 – 3 Years				3 – 5 Years				After 5 Years
Lines of credit		$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—			$	—
Letters of credit		$	4,884				4,884				—				—				—
Total Other Commercial Commitments		$	4,884			$	4,884			$	—			$	—			$	—

For further detail on MDC’s long-term debt principal and interest payments, see Note 11 Bank Debt and Long-Term Debt and Convertible Notes and Note 17 Commitments, Contingents and Guarantees of the Company’s consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-K. See also “ Deferred Acquisition and Contingent Consideration (Earnouts) ” and “ Other-Balance Sheet Commitments ” below.

Capital Resources

At December 31, 2013, the Company had only utilized the Credit Agreement in the form of undrawn letters of credit of $4.9 million. Cash and undrawn available bank credit facilities to support the Company’s future cash requirements at December 31, 2012 was approximately $322.1 million.

The Company expects to incur approximately $25 million of capital expenditures in 2014. Such capital expenditures are expected to include leasehold improvements, furniture and fixtures, and computer equipment at certain of the Company’s operating subsidiaries. The Company intends to maintain and expand its business using cash from operating activities, together with funds available under the Credit Agreement. Management believes that the Company’s cash flow from operations, funds available under the Credit Agreement and other initiatives will be sufficient to meet its ongoing working capital, capital expenditures and other cash needs over the next twelve months. If the Company continues to spend capital on future acquisitions, management expects that the Company may need to obtain additional financing in the form of debt and/or equity financing.

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Deferred Acquisition and Contingent Consideration (Earnouts)

Acquisitions of businesses by the Company may include commitments to contingent deferred purchase consideration payable to the seller. These contingent purchase obligations are generally payable within a one to five-year period following the acquisition date, and are based on achievement of certain thresholds of future earnings and, in certain cases, also based on the rate of growth of those earnings.

Contingent purchase price obligations for acquisitions completed prior to January 1, 2009 are accrued when the contingency is resolved and payment is certain. Contingent purchase price obligations related to acquisitions completed subsequent to December 31, 2008 are recorded as liabilities at estimated value and are remeasured at each reporting period and changes in estimated value are recorded in results of operations. At December 31, 2013, there was $153.9 million of deferred consideration included in the Company’s balance sheet.

Other-Balance Sheet Commitments

Media and Production

The Company’s agencies enter into contractual commitments with media providers and agreements with production companies on behalf of our clients at levels that exceed the revenue from services. Some of our agencies purchase media for clients and act as an agent for a disclosed principal. These commitments are included in accounts payable when the media services are delivered by the media providers. MDC takes precautions against default on payment for these services and has historically had a very low incidence of default. MDC is still exposed to the risk of significant uncollectible receivables from our clients. The risk of a material loss could significantly increase in periods of severe economic downturn.

Put Rights of Subsidiaries’ Noncontrolling Shareholders

Owners of interests in certain of the Company’s subsidiaries have the right in certain circumstances to require the Company to acquire either a portion of or all of the remaining ownership interests held by them. The owners’ ability to exercise any such “put option” right is subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including conditions requiring notice in advance of exercise. In addition, these rights cannot be exercised prior to specified staggered exercise dates. The exercise of these rights at their earliest contractual date would result in obligations of the Company to fund the related amounts during the period 2014 to 2019. It is not determinable, at this time, if or when the owners of these rights will exercise all or a portion of these rights.

The amount payable by the Company in the event such put option rights are exercised is dependent on various valuation formulas and on future events, such as the average earnings of the relevant subsidiary through that date of exercise, the growth rate of the earnings of the relevant subsidiary during that period, and, in some cases, the currency exchange rate at the date of payment.

Management estimates, assuming that the subsidiaries owned by the Company at December 31, 2013, perform over the relevant future periods at their 2013 earnings levels, that these rights, if all exercised, could require the Company, in future periods, to pay an aggregate amount of approximately $17.8 million to the owners of such rights to acquire such ownership interests in the relevant subsidiaries. Of this amount, the Company is entitled, at its option, to fund approximately $1.3 million by the issuance of the Company’s Class A subordinate voting shares. In addition, the Company is obligated under similar put option rights to pay an aggregate amount of approximately $130.7 million only upon termination of such owner’s employment with the applicable subsidiary or death. The Company intends to finance the cash portion of these contingent payment obligations using available cash from operations, borrowings under the WF Credit Agreement (and refinancings thereof) and, if necessary, through incurrence of additional debt. The ultimate amount payable and the incremental operating income in the future relating to these transactions will vary because it is dependent on the future results of operations of the subject businesses and the timing of when these rights are exercised. Approximately $3.1 million of the estimated $17.8 million that the Company would be required to pay subsidiaries noncontrolling shareholders’ upon the exercise of outstanding “put” rights, relates to rights exercisable within the next twelve months. Upon the settlement of the total amount of such put options, the Company estimates that it would receive incremental operating income before depreciation and amortization of $4.7 million that would be attributable to MDC Partners Inc.

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The following table summarizes the potential timing of the consideration and incremental operating income before depreciation and amortization based on assumptions as described above.

Consideration (4)		2014				2015				2016				2017				2018 & Thereafter				Total
		($ Millions)
Cash		$	2.7			$	4.2			$	3.7			$	3.9			$	2.0			$	16.5
Shares			0.4				0.4				0.5				0.0				0.0				1.3
		$	3.1			$	4.6			$	4.2			$	3.9			$	2.0			$	17.8 (1)
Operating income before depreciation and amortization to be received (2)		$	1.8			$	1.9			$	0.1			$	0.9			$	0.0			$	4.7
Cumulative operating income before depreciation and amortization (3)		$	1.8			$	3.7			$	3.8			$	4.7				4.7

Guarantees

Generally, the Company has indemnified the purchasers of certain assets in the event that a third party asserts a claim against the purchaser that relates to a liability retained by the Company. These types of indemnification guarantees typically extend for several years. Historically, the Company has not made any significant indemnification payments under such agreements and no provision has been accrued in the accompanying consolidated financial statements with respect to these indemnification guarantees. The Company continues to monitor the conditions that are subject to guarantees and indemnifications to identify whether it is probable that a loss has occurred, and would recognize any such losses under any guarantees or indemnifications in the period when those losses are probable and estimable.

Transactions With Related Parties

CEO Services Agreement

On April 25, 2007, the Company entered into a new Management Services Agreement (as amended and restated on May 6, 2013, the “Services Agreement”) with Miles Nadal and with Nadal Management, Inc. to set forth the terms and conditions on which Miles Nadal will continue to provide services to the Company as its Chief Executive Officer. The Services Agreement is subject to automatic one-year extensions unless either party gives to the other a 60-day advance written notice of its intention not to renew. Effective January 1, 2013, the annual retainer amount (base salary) under the Services Agreement was increased to $1,750,000, and effective January 1, 2014, the annual retainer amount was increased to $1,850,000.

During 2011, 2012 and 2013 and in accordance with this Services Agreement, Mr. Nadal repaid an amount equal to $0.1 million, $0.5 million and $5.4 million of loans due to the Company. As of April 26, 2013, Mr. Nadal has repaid and satisfied in full the remaining principal balance of all previously outstanding loans made by the Company to Mr. Nadal and his affiliates. After giving effect to this final repayment by Mr. Nadal to the Company, there is currently $0 remaining due and owing to the Company in respect of all prior loans. For further information, see Note 16 Related Party Transactions.

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Trapeze Media

In 2000, the Company purchased 1,600,000 shares in Trapeze Media Limited (“Trapeze”) for $0.2 million. At the same time, the Company’s CEO purchased 4,280,000 shares of Trapeze for $0.6 million, the Company’s former Chief Financial Officer and a Managing Director of the Company each purchased 50,000 Trapeze shares for $7,000 and a Board Member of the Company purchased 75,000 shares of Trapeze for $10,000. In 2001, the Company purchased an additional 1,250,000 shares for $0.2 million, and the Company’s CEO purchased 500,000 shares for $0.1 million. In 2002, the Company’s CEO purchased 3,691,930 shares of Trapeze for $0.5 million. All of these purchases were made at identical prices (C$0.20/unit). In 2003, the Company and the CEO exchanged their units in Trapeze for non-voting shares and entered into a voting trust agreement.

During 2013 and 2011, an MDC Partner firm provided services to Trapeze in exchange for fees equal to $0.2 million and $0.4 million, respectively. Trapeze did not provide any services to MDC nor its partner firms in the three years ended December 31, 2013.

The Company’s Board of Directors, through its Audit Committee, has reviewed and approved these transactions.

Critical Accounting Policies

The following summary of accounting policies has been prepared to assist in better understanding the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the related management discussion and analysis. Readers are encouraged to consider this information together with the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the related notes to the consolidated financial statements as included herein for a more complete understanding of accounting policies discussed below.

Estimates .  The preparation of the Company’s financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America, or “GAAP”, requires management to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities including goodwill, intangible assets, redeemable noncontrolling interests, and deferred acquisition consideration, valuation allowances for receivables and deferred income tax assets and stock based compensation as well as the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. The statements are evaluated on an ongoing basis and estimates are based on historical experience, current conditions and various other assumptions believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results can differ from those estimates, and it is possible that the differences could be material.

Revenue Recognition.   The Company’s revenue recognition policies are as required by the Revenue Recognition topics of the FASB Accounting Standards Codification. The Company earns revenue from agency arrangements in the form of retainer fees or commissions; from short-term project arrangements in the form of fixed fees or per diem fees for services; and from incentives or bonuses. A small portion of the Company’s contractual arrangements with clients includes performance incentive provisions, which allow the Company to earn additional revenues as a result of its performance relative to both quantitative and qualitative goals. The Company records revenue net of state taxes, when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, services are provided or upon delivery of the products when ownership and risk of loss has transferred to the customer, the selling price is fixed or determinable and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured.

The Company recognizes the incentive portion of revenue under these arrangements when specific quantitative goals are assured, or when the Company’s clients determine performance against qualitative goals has been achieved. In all circumstances, revenue is only recognized when collection is reasonably assured. The Company records revenue net of sales and other taxes due to be collected and remitted to governmental authorities. In the majority of the Company’s businesses, the Company acts as an agent and records revenue equal to the net amount retained, when the fee or commission is earned. In certain arrangements, the Company acts as principal and contracts directly with suppliers for third party media and production costs. In these arrangements, revenue is recorded at the gross amount billed. Additional information about our revenue recognition policy appears in Note 2 to our consolidated financial statements.

Acquisitions, Goodwill and Other Intangibles.   A fair value approach is used in testing goodwill for impairment to determine if an other than temporary impairment has occurred. One approach utilized to

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determine fair values is a discounted cash flow methodology. When available and as appropriate, comparative market multiples are used. Numerous estimates and assumptions necessarily have to be made when completing a discounted cash flow valuation, including estimates and assumptions regarding interest rates, appropriate discount rates and capital structure. Additionally, estimates must be made regarding revenue growth, operating margins, tax rates, working capital requirements and capital expenditures. Estimates and assumptions also need to be made when determining the appropriate comparative market multiples to be used. Actual results of operations, cash flows and other factors used in a discounted cash flow valuation will likely differ from the estimates used and it is possible that differences and changes could be material. As of December 31, 2013, there were no reporting units at risk of failing step one of the Company’s annual goodwill impairment test.

The Company has historically made and expects to continue to make selective acquisitions of marketing communications businesses. In making acquisitions, the price paid is determined by various factors, including service offerings, competitive position, reputation and geographic coverage, as well as prior experience and judgment. Due to the nature of advertising, marketing and corporate communications services companies; the companies acquired frequently have significant identifiable intangible assets, which primarily consist of customer relationships. The Company has determined that certain intangibles (trademarks) have an indefinite life, as there are no legal, regulatory, contractual, or economic factors that limit the useful life.

Business Combinations.   Valuation of acquired companies are based on a number of factors, including specialized know-how, reputation, competitive position and service offerings. Our acquisition strategy has been to focus on acquiring the expertise of an assembled workforce in order to continue building upon the core capabilities of our various strategic business platforms to better serve our clients. Consistent with our acquisition strategy and past practice of acquiring a majority ownership position, most acquisitions completed after 2010 include an initial payment at the time of closing and provide for future additional contingent purchase price payments. Contingent payments for these transactions, as well as certain acquisitions completed in prior years, are derived using the performance of the acquired entity and are based on pre-determined formulas. Contingent purchase price obligations for acquisitions completed prior to January 1, 2009 are accrued when the contingency is resolved and payment is certain. Contingent purchase price obligations related to acquisitions completed subsequent to December 31, 2008 are recorded as liabilities at estimated value and are remeasured at each reporting period. Changes in estimated value are recorded in results of operations. In addition, certain acquisitions also include put/call obligations for additional equity ownership interests. The estimated value of these interests are recorded as redeemable noncontrolling interests. As of January 1, 2009, the Company expenses acquisition related costs in accordance with the Accounting Standard’s Codification’s guidance on acquisition accounting.

For each of our acquisitions, we undertake a detailed review to identify other intangible assets and a valuation is performed for all such identified assets. We use several market participant measurements to determine estimated value. This approach includes consideration of similar and recent transactions, as well as utilizing discounted expected cash flow methodologies. Like most service businesses, a substantial portion of the intangible asset value that we acquire is the specialized know-how of the workforce, which is treated as part of goodwill and is not required to be valued separately. The majority of the value of the identifiable intangible assets that we acquire is derived from customer relationships, including the related customer contracts, as well as trade names. In executing our acquisition strategy, one of the primary drivers in identifying and executing a specific transaction is the existence of, or the ability to, expand our existing client relationships. The expected benefits of our acquisitions are typically shared across multiple agencies and regions.

Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest.   The minority interest shareholders of certain subsidiaries have the right to require the Company to acquire their ownership interest under certain circumstances pursuant to a contractual arrangement and the Company has similar call options under the same contractual terms. The amount of consideration under the put and call rights is not a fixed amount, but rather is dependent upon various valuation formulas and on future events, such as the average earnings of the relevant subsidiary through the date of exercise, the growth rate of the earnings of the relevant subsidiary through the date of exercise, etc.

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Allowance for Doubtful Accounts.   Trade receivables are stated less allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance represents estimated uncollectible receivables usually due to customers’ potential insolvency. The allowance includes amounts for certain customers where risk of default has been specifically identified.

Income Tax Valuation Allowance.   The Company records a valuation allowance against deferred income tax assets when management believes it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred income tax assets will not be realized. Management considers factors such as the reversal of deferred income tax liabilities, projected future taxable income, the character of the income tax asset, tax planning strategies, changes in tax laws and other factors. A change to any of these factors could impact the estimated valuation allowance and income tax expense.

Interest Expense.   Interest expense primarily consists of the cost of borrowing on the revolving WF Credit Agreement and the 6.75% Notes. The Company uses the effective interest method to amortize the original issue discount and original issue premium on the 6.75% Notes. The Company amortizes deferred financing costs using the effective interest method over the life of the 6.75% Notes and straight line over the life of the revolving WF Credit Agreement.

Stock-based Compensation .  The fair value method is applied to all awards granted, modified or settled. Under the fair value method, compensation cost is measured at fair value at the date of grant and is expensed over the service period that is the award’s vesting period. When awards are exercised, share capital is credited by the sum of the consideration paid together with the related portion previously credited to additional paid-in capital when compensation costs were charged against income or acquisition consideration. Stock-based awards that are settled in cash or may be settled in cash at the option of employees are recorded as liabilities. The measurement of the liability and compensation cost for these awards is based on the fair value of the award, and is recorded into operating income over the service period, that is the vesting period of the award. Changes in the Company’s payment obligation are revalued each period and recorded as compensation cost over the service period in operating income.

The Company treats benefits paid by shareholders to employees as a stock based compensation charge with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital.

New Accounting Pronouncements

Information regarding new accounting guidance can be found in Note 18 to our consolidated financial statements.

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current intercompany balances are included in net earnings. The Company generally does not enter into foreign currency forward exchange contracts or other derivative financial instruments to hedge the effects of adverse fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates.

The Company is exposed to foreign currency fluctuations relating to its intercompany balances between the US and Canada. For every one cent change in the foreign exchange rate between the US and Canada, the impact to the Company’s financial statements would be approximately $1.7 million.

Impairment Risk:   At December 31, 2013, the Company had goodwill of $744.3 million and other intangible assets of $56.3 million. The Company will assess the net realizable value of the goodwill and other intangible assets on a regular basis, but at least annually, to determine if the Company incurs any declines in the value of our capital investment. While the Company did not experience impairment during the year ended December 31, 2013, the Company may incur impairment charges in future periods.

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Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

MDC PARTNERS INC.
  
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

		Page
Financial Statements:
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm			44
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2013			45
Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Loss for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2013			46
Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2013 and 2012			47
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2013			48
Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity (Deficit) for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2013			50
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements			55
Financial Statement Schedules:
Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the Three Years Ended December 31, 2013			101

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Thousands of United States Dollars, Except Share and per Share Amounts)

		Years Ended December 31,
		2013				2012				2011
Revenue:
Services		$	1,148,881			$	1,063,265			$	934,288
Operating Expenses:
Cost of services sold			754,494				733,800				666,718
Office and general expenses			386,779				299,599				217,428
Depreciation and amortization			39,600				45,792				39,661
			1,180,873				1,079,191				923,807
Operating Profit (loss)			(31,992	)			(15,926	)			10,481
Other Income (Expenses)
Other income			2,531				117				116
Foreign exchange loss			(5,537	)			(976	)			(1,677	)
Interest expense and finance charges			(45,234	)			(46,571	)			(41,922	)
Loss on redemption of Notes			(55,588	)			—				—
Interest income			230				381				361
			(103,598	)			(47,049	)			(43,122	)
Loss from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in affiliates			(135,590	)			(62,975	)			(32,641	)
Income tax expense (recovery)			(4,291	)			9,553				41,735
Loss from continuing operations before equity in affiliates			(131,299	)			(72,528	)			(74,376	)
Equity in earnings of non-consolidated affiliates			281				633				213
Loss from continuing operations			(131,018	)			(71,895	)			(74,163	)
Loss from discontinued operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc., net of taxes			(11,384	)			(6,681	)			(2,082	)
Net loss			(142,402	)			(78,576	)			(76,245	)
Net income attributable to the non-controlling interests			(6,461	)			(6,863	)			(8,429	)
Net loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc.		$	(148,863	)		$	(85,439	)		$	(84,674	)
Loss Per Common Share:
Basic and diluted
Loss from continuing operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc. common shareholders		$	(2.92	)		$	(1.71	)		$	(1.89	)
Discontinued operations attributable to MDC Partners Inc. common shareholders			(0.24	)			(0.14	)			(0.05	)
Net loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc. common shareholders		$	(3.16	)		$	(1.85	)		$	(1.94	)
Weighted Average Number of Common Shares Outstanding:
Basic and diluted			47,108,406				46,090,159				43,680,560
Stock based compensation expense is included in the following line items above:
Cost of services sold		$	7,222			$	4,762			$	1,333
Office and general expenses			93,183				27,435				22,324
Total		$	100,405			$	32,197			$	23,657

 
 
The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(Thousands of United States Dollars)

		Years Ended December 31,
		2013				2012				2011
Comprehensive Loss
Net loss		$	(142,402	)		$	(78,576	)		$	(76,245	)
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax:
Foreign currency cumulative translation adjustment			(299	)			2,548				504
Benefit plan adjustment, net of income taxes of $1,112 for 2013			6,936				(5,329	)			—
Other comprehensive income (loss)			6,637				(2,781	)			504
Comprehensive loss for the year			(135,765	)			(81,357	)			(75,741	)
Comprehensive loss attributable to the noncontrolling interests			(6,450	)			(6,467	)			(8,435	)
Comprehensive loss attributable to MDC Partners Inc.		$	(142,215	)		$	(87,824	)		$	(84,176	)

 
 
The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Thousands of United States Dollars)

		December 31,
		2013				2012
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents		$	102,007			$	60,330
Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $2,011 and $1,581			309,796				326,087
Expenditures billable to clients			63,246				58,842
Other current assets			25,458				16,892
Total Current Assets			500,507				462,151
Fixed assets, net			52,071				52,914
Investment in affiliates			275				—
Goodwill			744,333				720,071
Other intangible assets, net			56,262				63,243
Deferred tax assets			21,131				9,332
Other assets			50,648				37,234
Total Assets		$	1,425,227			$	1,344,945
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ DEFICIT
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable		$	246,694			$	234,324
Accrued and other liabilities			240,580				216,418
Advance billings, net			149,540				131,908
Current portion of long-term debt			467				1,858
Deferred acquisition consideration			53,041				104,325
Total Current Liabilities			690,322				688,833
Long-term debt			664,661				429,845
Long-term portion of deferred acquisition consideration			100,872				92,121
Other liabilities			34,430				47,985
Deferred tax liabilities			63,020				53,018
Total Liabilities			1,553,305				1,311,802
Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests			148,534				117,953
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees (Note 17)
Shareholders’ Deficit:
Preferred shares, unlimited authorized, none issued			—				—
Class A Shares, no par value, unlimited authorized, 49,092,427 and 46,611,252 shares issued and outstanding in 2013 and 2012, respectively			262,655				253,869
Class B Shares, no par value, unlimited authorized, 3,755 issued and outstanding in 2013 and 2012, respectively, convertible into one Class A share			1				1
Shares to be issued, 42,000 shares, issued and outstanding in 2013 and 2012			424				424
Additional paid-in capital			—				—
Charges in excess of capital			(126,352	)			(72,913	)
Accumulated deficit			(465,576	)			(316,713	)
Stock subscription receivable			(55	)			(55	)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss			(797	)			(7,445	)
MDC Partners Inc. Shareholders’ Deficit			(329,700	)			(142,832	)
Noncontrolling Interests			53,088				58,022
Total Shareholders’ Deficit			(276,612	)			(84,810	)
Total Liabilities, Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests and Shareholders’ Deficit		$	1,425,227			$	1,344,945

 
 
The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Thousands of United States Dollars)

		Years Ended December 31,
		2013				2012				2011
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net Loss		$	(142,402	)		$	(78,576	)		$	(76,245	)
Loss from discontinued operations			(11,384	)			(6,681	)			(2,082	)
Loss from continuing operations			(131,018	)			(71,895	)			(74,163	)
Adjustments to reconcile loss from continuing operations to cash provided by operating activities:
Non-cash stock-based compensation			22,438				32,197				23,657
Depreciation			19,645				18,758				17,603
Amortization of intangibles			19,955				27,034				22,058
Amortization of deferred finance charges and debt discount			7,762				2,249				2,175
Adjustment to deferred acquisition consideration			36,143				53,305				13,550
Loss on redemption of Notes			50,385				—				—
Deferred income taxes			(5,427	)			8,422				40,284
(Gain) loss on disposition of assets			—				—				75
Earnings of non consolidated affiliates			(281	)			(633	)			(213	)
Distributions in excess of carrying value			(3,058	)			—				—
Other and non-current assets and liabilities			(9,835	)			(7,897	)			(1,962	)
Foreign exchange			3,091				895				687
Increase/decrease in operating assets and liabilities
Accounts receivable			17,644				(29,901	)			(10,938	)
Expenditures billable to clients			(4,404	)			(17,151	)			15,315
Prepaid expenses and other current assets			(7,807	)			(2,213	)			(699	)
Accounts payable, accruals and other current liabilities			29,227				66,092				(9,648	)
Advance billings			17,632				1,667				(32,491	)
Cash flows provided by continuing operating activities			62,092				80,929				5,290
Discontinued operations			(2,793	)			(4,626	)			(742	)
Net cash provided by operating activities			59,299				76,303				4,548
Cash flows from investing activities:
Capital expenditures			(19,549	)			(20,296	)			(23,295	)
Proceeds from sale of assets			239				51				22
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired			(11,872	)			30,993				(6,790	)
Profit distributions from affiliates			3,761				1,288				4,584
Other investments			(2,692	)			(2,198	)			(4,232	)
Cash flows provided by (used in) continuing investing activities			(30,113	)			9,838				(29,711	)
Discontinued operations			(11	)			(2,027	)			(725	)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities			(30,124	)			7,811				(30,436	)

 
 
The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Thousands of United States Dollars) – (continued)

		Years Ended December 31,
		2013				2012				2011
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of 6.75% Notes			664,125				—				—
Repayment of 11% Notes			(425,000	)			—				—
Proceeds from issuance of 11% Notes			—				84,800				61,050
Proceeds (repayments) of revolving credit facility			—				(38,032	)			38,032
Acquisition related payments			(119,572	)			(68,725	)			(34,287	)
Bank overdraft			4,976				25,986				(5,676	)
Distributions to noncontrolling interests			(5,525	)			(7,673	)			(12,264	)
Proceeds from exercise of options			—				28				1,086
Payments of dividends			(22,047	)			(22,030	)			(16,436	)
Repayment of long-term debt			(2,009	)			(653	)			(1,112	)
Premium paid on redemption of Notes			(50,385	)			—				—
Deferred financing costs			(20,815	)			(2,232	)			(3,053	)
Proceeds from stock subscription receivable			—				—				80
Purchase of shares			(13,817	)			(3,327	)			(4,121	)
Other			561				—				—
Cash flows provided by (used in) continuing financing activities			10,492				(31,858	)			23,299
Discontinued operations			—				—				—
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities			10,492				(31,858	)			23,299
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents			2,010				(22	)			(264	)
Increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents			41,677				52,234				(2,853	)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year			60,330				8,096				10,949
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year		$	102,007			$	60,330			$	8,096
Supplemental disclosures:
Cash income taxes paid		$	919			$	1,236			$	240
Cash interest paid		$	38,727			$	41,094			$	37,497
Non-cash transactions:
Capital leases		$	595			$	431			$	682
Note receivable exchanged for shares of subsidiary		$	—			$	888			$	1,098
Dividends payable		$	1,793			$	1,041			$	5,456

 
 
The accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements are an integral part of these statements.

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MDC PARTNERS INC.
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)
(Thousands of United States Dollars)

		Common Stock																Share Capital to Be Issued								Additional Paid in Capital				Charges in Excess of Capital				Accumulated Deficit				Stock Subscription Receivable				Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss				MDC Partners Inc. Shareholders’ Deficit				Noncontrolling Interests				Total Share- holders’ Equity/ (Deficit)
		Class A								Class B
		Shares				Amount				Shares				Amount				Shares				Amount
Balance at December 31, 2010			43,138,101			$	226,752				3,755			$	1				0			$	—			$	—			$	(16,809)			$	(146,600)			$	(135)			$	(4,148)			$	59,061			$	32,805			$	91,866
Net loss attributable to MDC Partners			—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				(84,674	)			—				—				(84,674	)			—				(84,674	)
Other Comprehensive income (loss)			—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				(510	)			(510	)			6				(504	)
Stock Appreciation Rights Exercised			196,398				211				—				—				—				—				(211	)			—				—				—				—				—				—				—
Shares acquired and cancelled			(345,394	)			(4,121	)			—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				(4,121	)			—				(4,121	)
Issuance of restricted stock			757,379				4,257				—				—				—				—				(4,257	)			—				—				—				—				—				—				—
Options Exercised			169,628				1,109				—				—				—				—				(23	)			—				—				—				—				1,086				—				1,086
Stock Subscription Receipts			—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				—				80				—				80				—				80
Shares to be issued as deferred acquisition consideration			—				—				—				—				42,000				424				—				—				—				—				—				424				—				424
Stock-based compensation			—				—				—				—				—				—				22,709				—				—				—				—				22,709				—				22,709
Changes in redemption value of redeemable noncontrolling interests			—				—				—				—				—				—				(24,532	)			—				—				—				—				(24,532	)			—				(24,532	)
Decrease in redeemable noncontrolling interests from acquisition			—				—				—				—				—				—				(6,328	)			—				—				—				—				(6,328	)			—				(6,328	)
(Increase) Decrease in reedemable noncontrolling interest from issuance of equity interest			—				—				—				—				—				—				(1,147	)			—				—				—				—				(1,147	)			—				(1,147)