inventory, and rapid or unexpected changes in interest rates. Less liquid markets could lead to greater price volatility and limit the fund’s ability to sell a holding at a suitable price. Floating rate loans may not have an active trading market and often have contractual restrictions on resale, which can delay the sale and adversely impact the sale price.

Convertible securities and preferred stock risk Stocks generally fluctuate in value more than bonds and tend to move in cycles, with periods of rising prices and falling prices. The value of a stock may decline due to general weakness in the stock market or because of factors that affect a company or a particular industry. Investments in convertible securities and preferred stocks, subject the fund to market risk, credit and interest rate risk, and other risks associated with both equity and fixed income securities, depending on the price of the underlying security and the conversion price. A convertible security may be called back by the issuer prior to maturity at a price that is disadvantageous to the fund. In addition, convertible securities are typically issued by smaller capitalized companies whose stock prices are more volatile than companies that have access to more conventional means of raising capital. Preferred stock holders would be paid after corporate bondholders, but before common stockholders, in the event a company fails.

Foreign investing risk Investing in the securities of non-U.S. issuers involves special risks not typically associated with investing in U.S. issuers. Foreign securities tend to be more volatile and less liquid than investments in U.S. securities, and may lose value because of adverse political, social, or economic developments overseas, or due to changes in the exchange rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar. In addition, foreign investments are subject to settlement practices, and regulatory and financial reporting standards, that differ from those of the U.S.

Emerging markets risk The risks of foreign investing are heightened for securities of issuers in emerging market countries. Emerging market countries tend to have economic structures that are less diverse and mature, and political systems that are less stable, than those of developed countries. In addition to all of the risks of investing in foreign developed markets, emerging markets are more susceptible to governmental interference, local taxes being imposed on foreign investments, restrictions on gaining access to sales proceeds, and less liquid and efficient trading markets.

Currency risk Because the fund may invest in securities issued in foreign currencies, the fund is subject to the risk that it could experience losses based solely on the weakness of foreign currencies versus the U.S. dollar and changes in the exchange rates between such currencies and the U.S. dollar.

Derivatives risk To the extent the fund uses credit default swaps and options, it is exposed to additional volatility in comparison to investing directly in bonds and other debt instruments. These instruments can be illiquid and difficult to value, and may not properly correlate to the underlying securities or index. In addition,

Loans and unlisted securities are typically less liquid than securities traded on national exchanges. The secondary market for loans may be subject to irregular trading activity and extended settlement periods, and the liquidity of individual floating rate loans can vary significantly over time. For example, if the credit quality of a floating rate loan unexpectedly declines significantly, secondary market trading in that floating rate loan can also decline. During periods of infrequent trading, valuing a floating rate loan can be more difficult and buying or selling a floating rate loan at an acceptable price may not be possible or may be delayed. A delay in selling a floating rate loan or security can result in a loss and cause the fund’s price to decline.

Other risks of “junk” bond and loan investing The entire noninvestment-grade loan and bond market can experience sudden and sharp price swings due to a variety of factors, including changes in economic forecasts, stock market activity, large sustained sales by major investors, a high-profile default, or a change in the market’s psychology. This type of volatility is usually associated more with stocks than bonds, but leveraged loan and “junk” bond investors should be prepared for it.

Unlike registered securities, such as most stocks and bonds, loans are not registered or regulated under the federal securities laws. As a result, investors in loans have less protection against fraud and other improper practices than investors in registered securities.

Foreign investing risk To the extent a fund holds foreign securities, it will be subject to special risks, whether the securities are denominated in U.S. dollars or foreign currencies. These risks include potentially adverse political and economic conditions overseas, greater volatility, lower liquidity, and the possibility that foreign currencies will decline against the dollar, lowering the value of securities denominated in those currencies and possibly a fund’s share price.

Emerging markets risk The fund’s investments in emerging markets are subject to the risk of abrupt and severe price declines. The economic and political structures of developing or emerging market countries, in most cases, do not compare favorably with the U.S. or other developed countries in terms of wealth and stability, and their financial markets often lack liquidity. These economies are less developed and can be overly reliant on particular industries and more vulnerable to the ebb and flow of international trade and capital trade barriers and other protectionist or retaliatory measures. Some countries have legacies of hyperinflation and currency devaluations versus the U.S. dollar (which adversely affect returns to U.S. investors). Significant devaluations have occurred in recent years in various emerging market countries. Governments of some emerging market countries have defaulted on their bonds, and investors in this sector must be prepared for similar events in the future.

Currency risk This is the risk of a decline in the value of a foreign currency versus the U.S. dollar, which reduces the dollar value of securities denominated in that foreign currency. The overall impact on the fund’s holdings can be significant and