UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________
 
FORM 10-Q
 
x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended   September 30, 2007                                                                                                                                           
 
o
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 
For the transition period from _____________________ to _____________________
 
Commission file number 1-14124
 
MILLER INDUSTRIES, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
 
Tennessee
 
62-1566286
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
     
8503 Hilltop Drive
Ooltewah, Tennessee
 
37363
(Address of principal executive offices)
 
(Zip Code)

 
(423) 238-4171

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
 
Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant:  (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
 
x    Yes
o    No
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer.  See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.
 
Large Accelerated Filer o
Accelerated Filer x
Non-Accelerated Filer o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
 
  o   Yes
x   No.
 
The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, par value $.01 per share, as of October 31, 2007 was 11,588,179.
 

 
 
 
Index
 
PART I
FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Page Number
     
Item 1.
Financial Statements (Unaudited)
 
     
 
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets – September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006
3
     
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income for the Three and Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 and 2006
4
     
 
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 and 2006
5
     
 
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
6
     
Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
11
     
Item 4.
Controls and Procedures
16
     
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
 
     
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings
17
     
Item 1A.
Risk Factors
17
     
Item 5.
Other Information
17
     
Item 6.
Exhibits
17
     
SIGNATURES
18
 
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
 
Certain statements in this Form 10-Q, including but not limited to Item 2, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” may be deemed to be forward-looking statements, as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Such forward-looking statements are made based on our management’s belief, as well as assumptions made by, and information currently available to, our management, pursuant to “safe harbor” provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995.  Our actual results may differ materially from the results anticipated in these forward-looking statements due to, among other things, the risks related to the cyclical nature of our industry, general economic conditions and the economic health of our customers, our dependence on outside suppliers of raw materials, increases in the cost of aluminum, steel, petroleum-related products and other raw materials, increases in fuel and other transportation costs, and those other risks referenced herein, including those risks referred to in this report, in Part II, “Item 1A. Risk Factors,” and those risks discussed in our other filings with the SEC, including those risks discussed under the caption “Risk Factors” in our Form 10-K for fiscal 2006, which discussion is incorporated herein by this reference.  Such factors are not exclusive.  We do not undertake to update any forward-looking statement that may be made from time to time by, or on behalf of, our company.
 

 
PART I.  FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
 
MILLER INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
 
(In thousands, except share data)
 
   
September 30, 2007
(Unaudited)
   
December 31, 2006
 
ASSETS
           
CURRENT ASSETS:
           
Cash and temporary investments
  $
11,304
    $
8,204
 
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,630 and $2,488 at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively
   
76,569
     
84,186
 
Inventories, net
   
36,416
     
43,155
 
Prepaid expenses and other
   
2,212
     
2,079
 
Current deferred income taxes
   
10,154
     
12,154
 
Total current assets
   
136,655
     
149,778
 
PROPERTY, PLANT, AND EQUIPMENT, net
   
32,885
     
27,527
 
GOODWILL
   
11,619
     
11,619
 
DEFERRED INCOME TAXES
   
3,457
     
7,586
 
OTHER ASSETS
   
548
     
922
 
    $
185,164
    $
197,432
 
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
               
CURRENT LIABILITIES:
               
Current portion of long-term obligations
  $
1,602
    $
1,623
 
Accounts payable
   
37,532
     
58,620
 
Accrued liabilities and other
   
12,952
     
13,269
 
Total current liabilities
   
52,086
     
73,512
 
LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS , less current portion
   
4,319
     
10,537
 
COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (Notes 5 and 8)
               
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY:
               
Preferred stock, $.01 par value; 5,000,000 shares authorized, none issued or outstanding
   
     
 
Common stock, $.01 par value; 100,000,000 shares authorized, 11,588,179 and 11,509,964 outstanding at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, respectively
   
116
     
115
 
Additional paid-in capital
   
160,623
     
159,702
 
Accumulated deficit
    (34,673 )     (48,539 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income
   
2,693
     
2,105
 
Total shareholders’ equity
   
128,759
     
113,383
 
    $
185,164
    $
197,432
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
3

 
MILLER INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
 
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended
September 30,
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
   
2006
 
NET SALES
  $
92,692
    $
107,364
    $
315,520
    $
292,723
 
COSTS AND EXPENSES:
                               
Costs of operations
   
79,637
     
92,228
     
270,485
     
249,582
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses
   
6,481
     
6,632
     
20,671
     
19,615
 
Interest expense, net
   
1,018
     
851
     
2,612
     
2,653
 
Total costs and expenses
   
87,136
     
99,711
     
293,768
     
271,850
 
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES
   
5,556
     
7,653
     
21,752
     
20,873
 
INCOME TAX PROVISION
   
1,958
     
967
     
7,886
     
2,761
 
NET INCOME
  $
3,598
    $
6,686
    $
13,866
    $
18,112
 
BASIC INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
  $
0.31
    $
0.59
    $
1.20
    $
1.60
 
DILUTED INCOME PER COMMON SHARE
  $
0.31
    $
0.58
    $
1.19
    $
1.56
 
WEIGHTED AVERAGE SHARES OUTSTANDING:
                               
Basic
   
11,572
     
11,360
     
11,545
     
11,334
 
Diluted
   
11,667
     
11,577
     
11,661
     
11,589
 
 
 
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
4

 
 
MILLER INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
 
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
 
   
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
   
2007
   
2006
 
OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
           
Net income
  $
13,866
    $
18,112
 
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation and amortization
   
2,127
     
2,119
 
Amortization of deferred financing costs
   
92
     
92
 
Deferred income tax provision
   
6,134
     
 
Provision for doubtful accounts
   
225
     
771
 
Stock-based compensation
   
231
     
231
 
Issuance of non-employee director shares
   
75
     
75
 
Gain on disposals of property, plant and equipment
    (109 )    
 
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
               
Accounts receivable
   
7,600
      (13,391 )
Inventories
   
7,211
      (7,227 )
Prepaid expenses and other
    (107 )     (1,501 )
Accounts payable
    (21,462 )    
6,771
 
Accrued liabilities and other
    (398 )    
208
 
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations
   
15,485
     
6,260
 
Net cash provided by operating activities from discontinued operations
   
     
658
 
Net cash provided by operating activities
   
15,485
     
6,918
 
INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
               
Purchases of property, plant and equipment
    (7,401 )     (6,689 )
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
   
143
     
91
 
Payments received on notes receivables
   
391
     
171
 
Net cash used in investing activities from continuing operations
    (6,867 )     (6,427 )
Net cash provided by investing activities from discontinued operations
   
     
25
 
Net cash used in investing activities
    (6,867 )     (6,402 )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
               
Net borrowings under senior credit facility
   
     
3,000
 
Payments under subordinated credit facility
    (5,000 )     (5,000 )
Payments on long-term obligations
    (1,324 )     (1,202 )
Borrowings under long-term obligations
   
     
168
 
Additions to deferred financing costs
    (42 )     (4 )
Proceeds from the exercise of stock options
   
617
     
484
 
Net cash used in financing activities from continuing operations
    (5,749 )     (2,554 )
Net cash used in financing activities from discontinued operations
   
     
 
Net cash used in financing activities
    (5,749 )     (2,554 )
EFFECT OF EXCHANGE RATE CHANGES ON CASH AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS
   
231
     
520
 
NET CHANGE IN CASH AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS
   
3,100
      (1,518 )
CASH AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS, beginning of period
   
8,204
     
6,147
 
CASH AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS-DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, beginning of period
   
     
23
 
CASH AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS-DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS, end of period
   
     
102
 
CASH AND TEMPORARY INVESTMENTS, end of period
  $
11,304
    $
4,550
 
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
               
Cash payments for interest
  $
3,233
    $
2,866
 
Cash payments for income taxes
  $
2,157
    $
3,044
 
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these financial statements.
 
5

 
MILLER INDUSTRIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
 
1.           BASIS OF PRESENTATION
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements of Miller Industries, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) included herein have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission.  Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America have been condensed or omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations.  Nevertheless, the Company believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the financial information presented not misleading.  In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, which are of a normal recurring nature, to present fairly the Company’s financial position, results of operations and cash flows at the dates and for the periods presented.  Cost of goods sold for interim periods for certain entities is determined based on estimated gross profit rates.  Interim results of operations are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the fiscal year.  These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
 
2.           BASIC AND DILUTED INCOME PER SHARE
 
Basic income per share is computed by dividing income by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding.  Diluted income per share is calculated by dividing income by the weighted average number of common and potential dilutive common shares outstanding.  Diluted income per share takes into consideration the assumed conversion of outstanding stock options resulting in approximately 95,000 and 217,000 potential dilutive common shares for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and 116,000 and 254,000 potential dilutive common shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  Options to purchase approximately 35,000 and 103,000 shares of common stock were outstanding during the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively, but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, options to purchase approximately 35,000 and 61,000 were outstanding during the related period but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect would have been anti-dilutive.
 
3.           INVENTORIES
 
Inventory costs include materials, labor and factory overhead.  Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market, determined on a first-in, first-out basis.
 
Inventories at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 consisted of the following (in thousands):
 
   
September 30, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
Chassis
  $
2,378
    $
3,596
 
Raw materials
   
17,055
     
18,767
 
Work in process
   
12,284
     
12,566
 
Finished goods
   
4,699
     
8,226
 
    $
36,416
    $
43,155
 
 
4.           LONG-LIVED ASSETS
 
The Company periodically reviews the carrying amount of its long-lived assets and goodwill to determine if those assets may be recoverable based upon the future operating cash flows expected to be generated by those assets.  Management believes that its long-lived assets are appropriately valued.
 
6

 
5.           LONG-TERM OBLIGATIONS
 
Long-term obligations consisted of the following at September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006 (in thousands):
 
   
September 30, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
Outstanding borrowings under Senior Credit Facility
  $
3,850
    $
4,900
 
Outstanding borrowings under Junior Credit Facility
   
     
5,000
 
Mortgage, equipment and other notes payable
   
2,071
     
2,260
 
     
5,921
     
12,160
 
Less current portion
    (1,602 )     (1,623 )
    $
4,319
    $
10,537
 
 
Certain equipment and manufacturing facilities are pledged as collateral under the mortgage and equipment notes payable.
 
Credit Facilities
 
Senior Credit Facility .  The Company is party to a Credit Agreement (the “Senior Credit Agreement”) with Wachovia Bank, National Association, for a $27.0 million senior secured credit facility (the “Senior Credit Facility”).  The Senior Credit Facility consists of a $20.0 million revolving credit facility (the “Revolver”), and a $7.0 million term loan (the “Term Loan”).  The Senior Credit Facility is secured by substantially all of the Company’s assets, and contains customary representations and warranties, events of default and affirmative and negative covenants for secured facilities of this type.  On July 11, 2007, the Company and Wachovia agreed to certain amendments to the Senior Credit Agreement which are described below.
 
Formerly, in the absence of a default, all borrowings under the Revolver bore interest at the LIBOR Market Index Rate (as defined in the Senior Credit Agreement) plus a margin of between 1.75% to 2.50% per annum that was subject to adjustment from time to time based upon the Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Senior Credit Agreement), and the Term Loan bore interest at a 30-day adjusted LIBOR rate plus a margin of between 1.75% to 2.50% per annum that was subject to adjustment from time to time based upon the Consolidated Leverage Ratio.  The Revolver was scheduled to expire on June 15, 2008, and the Term Loan was scheduled to mature on June 15, 2010.
 
Under the amended Senior Credit Agreement, the non-default rate of interest under the Revolver and Term Loan was reduced to the LIBOR Market Index Rate plus a margin of between 0.75% to 1.50% per annum that is subject to adjustment from time to time based upon the Consolidated Leverage Ratio, and the maturity date of the Revolver was extended to June 17, 2010.  The amendments also increased the ratio of leverage permitted under the Consolidated Leverage Ratio covenant, and extended and modified certain of the negative covenants and events of default set forth in the Senior Credit Agreement.
 
At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, the Company had no outstanding borrowings under the Revolver.
 
Junior Credit Facility .  In May 2006, the Company repaid $5.0 million of subordinated debt under its junior credit facility with William G. Miller, the Company’s Chairman of the Board and Co-Chief Executive Officer (the “Junior Credit Facility”), and in May 2007, the Company repaid the remaining $5.0 million principal balance under the Junior Credit Facility.  With such payments, all loans from Mr. Miller to the Company were paid in full.  In July 2007, in connection with the amendments to the Company’s Senior Credit Agreement, the Junior Credit Facility was terminated.
 
Interest Rate Sensitivity .  Because of the amount of obligations outstanding under the Senior Credit Facility and the connection of the interest rate under the Senior Credit Facility (including the default rates) to the LIBOR rate, an increase in the LIBOR rate could have an effect on the Company’s ability to satisfy its obligations under the Senior Credit Facility and increase its interest expense.  Therefore, the Company’s liquidity and access to capital resources could be further affected by increasing interest rates.
 
7

 
Future maturities of long-term obligations at September 30, 2007 are as follows (in thousands):
 
2008
  $
1,602
 
2009
   
1,600
 
2010
   
2,708
 
2011
   
11
 
    $
5,921
 
 
6.     RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
 
In May 2006, the Company repaid $5.0 million of subordinated debt under the Junior Credit Facility, and in May 2007, the Company repaid the remaining $5.0 million principal balance under the Junior Credit Facility.  These payments were approved by the Audit Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors and by the full Board of Directors with Mr. Miller abstaining due to his personal interest in the transactions.  With such payments, all loans from Mr. Miller to the Company were paid in full.  In July 2007, in connection with the amendments to the Company’s Senior Credit Agreement, the Junior Credit Facility was terminated.
 
The Company paid approximately $0 and $115,000 in interest expense on the Junior Credit Facility for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006; and $228,000 and $570,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  Additionally, approximately $39,000 is included in accrued liabilities for unpaid interest on the Junior Credit Facility at December 31, 2006.
 
7.           STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION
 
Effective January 1, 2006, the Company adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (“SFAS”) No. 123R, “Share-Based Payment” using the modified prospective transition method.  This statement requires the determination of the fair-value of stock-based compensation at the grant date and the recognition of the related expense over the period in which the stock-based compensation vests.  For the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, the Company recorded $77,000 in compensation expense related to its stock-based compensation.  For the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, $231,000 was recorded for stock-based compensation.  The stock-based compensation expense is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of income.
 
Prior to the adoption of SFAS No. 123R, the Company accounted for stock-based compensation in accordance with Accounting Principles Bulletin (APB) No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees.”  Under the provisions of APB No. 25, no compensation expense is recorded when the terms of the grant are fixed and the option exercise prices are equal to the market value of the common stock on the date of the grant.  Disclosure-only provisions of SFAS No. 123 “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation” were adopted.
 
The Company did not issue any stock options during the nine months ended September 30, 2007.  As of September 30, 2007, the Company had $154,000 of unrecognized compensation expense related to stock options, with $77,000 to be expensed during the remainder of 2007, and $77,000 to be expensed in 2008.  The Company issued approximately 75,000 shares of common stock during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from the exercise of stock options.  For additional disclosures related to the Company’s stock-based compensation refer to Notes 2 and 5 of the Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
 
8

 
8.           COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
 
Commitments
 
The Company has entered into arrangements with third-party lenders where it has agreed, in the event of default by a customer, to repurchase from the third-party lender Company products repossessed from the customer.  These arrangements are typically subject to a maximum repurchase amount.  The Company’s risk under these arrangements is mitigated by the value of the products repurchased as part of the transaction.  The maximum amount of collateral that the Company could be required to purchase was approximately $32.5 million at September 30, 2007, and $27.5 million at December 31, 2006.
 
At September 30, 2007, the Company had commitments of approximately $2.6 million for construction and acquisition of property and equipment, all of which is expected to be incurred in the remainder of 2007.
 
Contingencies
 
The Company is, from time to time, a party to litigation arising in the normal course of its business.  Litigation is subject to various inherent uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters could be resolved unfavorably to the Company, which could result in substantial damages against the Company.  The Company has established accruals for matters that are probable and reasonably estimable and maintains product liability and other insurance that management believes to be adequate.  Management believes that any liability that may ultimately result from the resolution of these matters in excess of available insurance coverage and accruals will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or results of operations of the Company.
 
9.           INCOME TAXES
 
Before the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company maintained a valuation allowance reflecting the Company’s recognition that cumulative losses in recent years indicated that it was unclear whether certain future tax benefits would be realized as a result of future taxable income.  In the fourth quarter of 2006, the Company concluded that the valuation allowance on the deferred tax asset was no longer necessary given the Company’s sustained income and growth throughout the year and the favorable projected earnings outlook.  A tax benefit of $8.8 million was recognized in the fourth quarter of 2006 as a result of the reversal of the valuation allowance.
 
10.        COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
 
The Company had comprehensive income of $3.9 million and $6.8 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively; and $14.5 million and $19.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, respectively.  Components of the Company’s other comprehensive income consist primarily of foreign currency translation adjustments.
 
11.        GEOGRAPHIC AND CUSTOMER INFORMATION
 
Net sales and long-lived assets (property, plant and equipment and goodwill and intangible assets) by region was as follows (revenue is attributed to regions based on the locations of customers) (in thousands):
 
   
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
   
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
   
2007
   
2006
   
2007
   
2006
 
Net Sales:
                       
North America
  $
70,968
    $
87,057
    $
256,029
    $
238,109
 
Foreign
   
21,724
     
20,307
     
59,491
     
54,614
 
    $
92,692
    $
107,364
    $
315,520
    $
292,723
 

9


   
September 30, 2007
   
December 31, 2006
 
Long Lived Assets:
           
North America
  $
41,540
    $
36,455
 
Foreign
   
2,964
     
2,691
 
    $
44,504
    $
39,146
 
 
 
No single customer accounted for 10% or more of consolidated net sales for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006.
 
12.        DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS
 
In 2002, the Company’s management and board of directors made the decision to divest of its remaining towing services segment, as well as the operations of the distribution group of the towing and recovery equipment segment.  In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” the assets for the towing services segment and the distribution group are considered a “disposal group” and are no longer being depreciated.
 
In October 2005, the Company’s subsidiary, RoadOne, Inc., filed for liquidation under Chapter 7 of the federal bankruptcy laws in the Bankruptcy Court of the Eastern District of Tennessee and a trustee was appointed. In December 2006, the trustees final report was approved by the United States trustee, and the final decree of the court was entered on June 19, 2007.  Upon RoadOne, Inc.’s liquidation from bankruptcy, the Company recognized a pre-tax, non-cash gain on deconsolidation of RoadOne, Inc., in the amount of $126,000.  In addition, a tax benefit of $18,244,000 was recognized in 2006 related to deductible losses from excess tax basis of advances to and investments in certain discontinued operations.
 
 
13.        RECENT ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
 
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS No. 157”).  SFAS No. 157 provides a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures regarding fair value measurements and the effect on earnings.  SFAS No. 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007, and interim periods within those fiscal years.  We are in the process of evaluating the impact SFAS No. 157 will have on the Company’s financial statements.
 
In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”).  FIN 48 clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes by prescribing a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return.  The interpretation also gives guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, and disclosure.  FIN 48 was effective on January 1, 2007 and did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
 
In February 2007, the FASB issued a Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159 (SFAS 159), “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets & Financial Liabilities – Including an Amendment of SFAS No. 115.”  SFAS 159 will create a fair value option under which an entity may irrevocably elect fair value as the initial and subsequent measurement attribute for certain financial assets and liabilities on a contract by contract basis, with changes in fair values recognized in earnings as these changes occur.  SFAS 159 will become effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007.  We are currently reviewing the impact of SFAS 159 on our financial statements and expect to complete this evaluation in 2007.  We will adopt this new accounting standard on January 1, 2008.
 
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ITEM 2.
MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
 
Executive Overview
 
Miller Industries, Inc. is the world’s largest manufacturer of vehicle towing and recovery equipment, with domestic manufacturing subsidiaries in Tennessee and Pennsylvania, and foreign manufacturing subsidiaries in France and the United Kingdom.  We offer a broad range of equipment to meet our customers’ design, capacity and cost requirements under our Century ® , Vulcan ® , Challenger ® , Holmes ® , Champion ® , Chevron™, Eagle ® , Titan ® , Jige™ and Boniface™ brand names.
 
Overall, management focuses on a variety of key indicators to monitor our operating and financial performance.  These indicators include measurements of revenue, operating income, gross margin, income from operations, earnings per share, capital expenditures and cash flow.
 
We derive revenues primarily from product sales made through our network of domestic and foreign independent distributors.  Our revenues are sensitive to a variety of factors, such as demand for, and price of, our products, our technological competitiveness, our reputation for providing quality products and reliable service, competition within our industry, the cost of raw materials (including aluminum, steel and petroleum related products) and general economic conditions.
 
Our industry is cyclical in nature and the overall demand for our products and our resulting revenues have been affected historically by levels of consumer confidence, interest rates, fuel costs, insurance costs, and economic conditions in general.  During the second quarter of 2007, we completed several municipal and military orders but with only a small number of additional orders received under those contracts during the third quarter of 2007, our order intake has moderated.  We expect this decrease to cause net sales for the remainder of 2007 to be lower than those achieved during the past several quarters.  We remain optimistic about our ability to secure additional follow-on orders, but we cannot predict the success or the timing of any such orders under these contracts.  We continue to be concerned about general economic conditions and the effect they could have on the towing and recovery industry.  Accordingly, we continue to take steps to reduce our production levels and lower our costs for the remainder of the year in response to these uncertainties.  We will continue to monitor our cost structure to ensure that it remains in line with business conditions.
 
In addition, we have been and will continue to be affected by increases in the prices that we pay for raw materials, particularly aluminum, steel, petroleum-related products and other raw materials.  Raw material costs represent a substantial part of our total costs of operations, and management expects aluminum and steel prices to remain at historically high levels for the foreseeable future.  As we determined necessary, we implemented price increases to offset these higher costs.  We also began to develop alternatives to the components used in our production process that incorporate these raw materials, and continued this development during the third quarter of 2007.  We have shared several of these alternatives with our major component part suppliers, some of whom have begun to implement them in the production of our component parts.  We continue to monitor raw material prices and availability in order to more favorably position the Company in this dynamic market.
 
In July 2007, we amended our Senior Credit Agreement with Wachovia to, among other things, reduce the non-default rate of interest under the revolving and term portions of our senior credit facility, increase the ratio of leverage permitted under the Consolidated Leverage Ratio covenant, extend the maturity date of the revolver, and modify certain of the negative covenants and events of default.  Total senior debt at September 30, 2007 was $3.9 million, which represents a significant decrease in our overall indebtedness from prior periods.
 
In May 2007, we repaid the remaining $5.0 million principal balance under our junior credit facility and with such payment, all loans under our junior credit facility were paid in full.  In July 2007, in connection with the amendments to our Senior Credit Agreement, the junior credit facility was terminated.
 
Interest expense consists primarily of interest on bank debt, chassis purchases and distributor floor plan financing.  Despite reduced levels of bank debt, total interest expense increased to $1.0 million in the third quarter of 2007 from $0.9 million in the comparable year-ago period.  This was due to an increase in interest on chassis purchases, together with fairly constant floor plan interest expense partially offset by substantially reduced interest on bank debt.  The interest on chassis purchases resulted from increased purchases of chassis in advance of implementation of new emissions standards for 2008 models.
 
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During 2006, we reversed our deferred tax valuation allowance.  As a result of our positive earnings, the favorable projected earnings outlook as well as the improvements in overall financial position, we determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be realized.  Additionally, we recognized a tax benefit related to losses from advances to and investments in certain discontinued operations.
 
We are currently modernizing and expanding our manufacturing facilities in Ooltewah, Tennessee and Hermitage, Pennsylvania and expect these projects to continue through 2007.  In addition, we are considering modernization and expansion projects at our other manufacturing facilities.  We believe these modernization and expansion efforts will position us to more effectively face the challenges of the global marketplace in the future.
 
Discontinued Operations
 
During 2002, management and the board of directors made the decision to divest of our towing services segment, as well as the operations of the distribution group of our towing and recovery equipment segment.  In accordance with SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets”, the assets of the towing services segment and the distribution group were considered a “disposal group” and were no longer depreciated.  All assets and liabilities and results of operations associated with these assets were separately presented in the accompanying financial statements.  The analyses contained herein are of continuing operations unless otherwise noted.
 
In general, the customary operating liabilities of these disposed businesses were assumed by the new owners.  Our subsidiaries that sold these businesses are nevertheless subject to some continuing liabilities with respect to their pre-sale operations, including, for example, liabilities related to litigation, certain trade payables, workers compensation and other insurance, surety bonds, and real estate.  Except in the case of direct guarantees, these are not obligations of Miller Industries, Inc. and Miller Industries, Inc. has taken and would expect to take whatever steps it deems appropriate to protect itself from any such liabilities.
 
In October 2005, RoadOne, Inc. filed for liquidation under Chapter 7 of the federal bankruptcy laws in the Bankruptcy Court of the Eastern District of Tennessee and a trustee was appointed.  In December 2006, the trustees final report was approved by the United States trustee, and the final decree of the court was entered on June 19, 2007.  Upon RoadOne, Inc.’s liquidation from bankruptcy, we recognized a pre tax, non-cash gain on deconsolidation of RoadOne, Inc., in the amount of $126,000.  In addition, a tax benefit of $18,244,000 was recognized in 2006 related to deductible losses from excess tax basis of advances to and investments in certain discontinued operations.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, which require us to make estimates.  Certain accounting policies are deemed “critical,” as they require management’s highest degree of judgment, estimates and assumptions.  A discussion of critical accounting policies, the judgments and uncertainties affecting their application and the likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different conditions or using different assumptions follows:
 
Accounts receivable
 
We extend credit to customers in the normal course of business.  Collections from customers are continuously monitored and an allowance for doubtful accounts is maintained based on historical experience and any specific customer collection issues.  While such bad debt expenses have historically been within expectations and the allowance established, there can be no assurance that we will continue to experience the same credit loss rates as in the past.
 
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Valuation of long-lived assets and goodwill
 
Long-lived assets and goodwill are reviewed for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be fully recoverable.  When a determination has been made that the carrying amount of long-lived assets and goodwill may not be fully recovered, the amount of impairment is measured by comparing an asset’s estimated fair value to its carrying value.  The determination of fair value is based on projected future cash flows discounted at a rate determined by management or, if available, independent appraisals or sales price negotiations.  The estimation of fair value includes significant judgment regarding assumptions of revenue, operating costs, interest rates, property and equipment additions and industry competition and general economic and business conditions among other factors.  We believe that these estimates are reasonable, however, changes in any of these factors could affect these evaluations.  Based on these estimations, we believe that our long-lived assets are appropriately valued.
 
Warranty Reserves
 
We estimate expense for product warranty claims at the time products are sold.  These estimates are established using historical information about the nature, frequency and average cost of warranty claims.  We review trends of warranty claims and take actions to improve product quality and minimize warranty claims.  We believe the warranty reserve is adequate, however, actual claims incurred could differ from the original estimates, requiring adjustments to the accrual.
 
Income taxes
 
We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities based on differences between the financial statement carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities.  Differences between the effective tax rate and the expected tax rate are due primarily to losses from advances to and investments in certain discontinued operations and changes in deferred tax asset valuation allowances.  We consider the need to record a valuation allowance to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.  We consider tax loss carryforwards, reversal of deferred tax liabilities, tax planning and estimates of future taxable income in assessing the need for a valuation allowance.
 
In the fourth quarter of 2006, we reversed our deferred tax valuation allowance.  As a result of our positive earnings, our favorable projected earnings outlook as well as the improvements in our overall financial position, we determined that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will be realized.  The Company recognized a net deferred tax asset of $18.2 million as of December 31, 2006, which includes the $8.8 million recognized as a result of the reversal of the valuation allowance.
 
Revenues
 
Under our accounting policies, revenues are recorded when risk of ownership has transferred to independent distributors or other customers, which generally occurs on shipment.  While we manufacture only the bodies of wreckers, which are installed on truck chassis manufactured by third parties, we frequently purchase the truck chassis for resale to our customers.  Sales of company-purchased truck chassis are included in net sales.  Margins are substantially lower on completed recovery vehicles containing company-purchased chassis because the markup over the cost of the chassis is nominal.
 
Foreign Currency Translation
 
The functional currency for our foreign operations is the applicable local currency.  The translation from the applicable foreign currencies to U.S. dollars is performed for balance sheet accounts using current exchange rates in effect at the balance sheet date, historical rates for equity and the weighted average exchange rate during the period for revenue and expense accounts.  The gains or losses resulting from such translations are included in shareholders’ equity.  For intercompany debt denominated in a currency other than the functional currency, the remeasurement into the functional currency is also included in shareholders’ equity as the amounts are considered to be of a long-term investment nature.
 
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Results of Operations–Three Months Ended September 30, 2007 Compared to Three Months Ended September 30, 2006
 
Net sales for the three months ended September 30, 2007 decreased 13.7% to $92.7 million from $107.4 million for the comparable period in 2006.  This decrease was attributable primarily to the small number of additional orders received during the third quarter of 2007 under certain governmental and military contracts for which orders were completed in 2006 and during the first two quarters of 2007.
 
Costs of operations for the three months ended September 30, 2007 decreased 13.7% to $79.6 million from $92.2 million for the comparable period in 2006, which was attributable to lower production levels in 2007 compared to 2006 as described above.  Overall, costs of operations remained constant at 85.9%.
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2007 decreased to $6.5 million from $6.6 million for the three months ended September 30, 2006.  As a percentage of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses increased to 7.0% for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from 6.2% for the three months ended September 30, 2006 due to increases in personnel-related expenses and other expenses spread over lower sales and production volume.
 
The provision for income taxes for the three months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 reflects the combined effective U.S. federal, state and foreign tax rate of 35.2% and 12.6%, respectively.
 
Our total interest expense increased to $1.0 million for the three months ended September 30, 2007 from $0.9 million for the comparable year-ago period.  Increases in interest expense were primarily the result of increases in interest on chassis purchases together with distributor floor plan interest expense.
 
Results of Operations–Nine Months Ended September 30, 2007 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2006
 
Net sales for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased 7.8% to $315.5 million from $292.7 million for the comparable period in 2006.  This increase was attributable to increases in order levels during 2006 and in the first and second quarter of 2007 as a result of increased demand for our products, offset by lower order levels and sales in the third quarter of 2007 as described above.
 
Costs of operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased 8.4% to $270.5 million from $249.6 million for the comparable period in 2006, which was attributable to increases in demand and production.  Overall, costs of operations increased slightly as a percentage of sales from 85.3% to 85.7% because of product mix as well as higher raw material costs, partially offset by past pricing actions.
 
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased to $20.7 million from $19.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.  The increase is attributable to increases in personnel-related expenses and other expenses associated with higher sales volume.  As a percentage of sales, selling, general and administrative expenses decreased to 6.6% for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from 6.7% for the nine months ended September 30, 2006.
 
The provision for income taxes for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006 reflects the combined effective U.S. federal, state and foreign tax rate of 36.3% and 13.2%, respectively.
 
Our total interest expense decreased to $2.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 from $2.7 million for the comparable year-ago period.  Decreases in interest expense were primarily the result of lower debt levels offset by increases in interest on chassis purchases together with distributor floor plan interest expense.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Cash provided by operating activities was $15.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $6.9 million for the comparable period in 2006.  The cash provided by operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 reflects strong profitability coupled with decreases in accounts receivable and inventory and the utilization of our deferred tax assets, partially offset by decreases in accounts payable primarily related to the timing and terms of vendor payments.
 
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Cash used in investing activities was $6.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007, compared to $6.4 million for the comparable period in 2006.  The cash used in investing activities was for the purchase of property, plant and equipment.
 
Cash used in financing activities was $5.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 compared to $2.6 million for the comparable period in the prior year.  The cash used in financing activities was used to make payments on our term loan under our senior credit facility, to repay our remaining subordinated debt, and to repay other outstanding long-term debt.
 
Over the past year, we generally have used available cash flow from operations to reduce the outstanding balance on our credit facilities, to pay down other long-term debt and to pay for capital expenditures related to our plant modernization.  In addition, our working capital requirements have been and will continue to be significant in connection with shifts in product mix to meet changes in customer demand.
 
We are modernizing and expanding our manufacturing facilities in Ooltewah, Tennessee and Hermitage, Pennsylvania.  The cost of these projects is anticipated to be approximately $14.0 million.  At September 30, 2007, the Company had commitments of approximately $2.6 million for these projects, all of which is expected to be incurred in the remainder of 2007.  We expect to fund these projects from cash flows from operations and unused availability under our senior credit facility.
 
In May 2006, we repaid $5.0 million of subordinated debt under our junior credit facility using additional borrowings under the revolving portion of our senior credit facility, and in May 2007, we repaid the remaining $5.0 million principal balance of our junior credit facility.
 
In addition to our modernization and expansion, our primary cash requirements include working capital, capital expenditures and interest and principal payments on indebtedness under our senior credit facility.  We expect our primary sources of cash to be cash flow from operations, cash and cash equivalents on hand at September 30, 2007 and borrowings from unused availability under our senior credit facility.  We expect these sources to be sufficient to satisfy our cash needs for the remainder of 2007.
 
Credit Facilities and Other Obligations
 
Senior Credit Facility
 
We are party to a Credit Agreement with Wachovia Bank, National Association, for a $27.0 million senior secured credit facility.  The senior credit facility consists of a $20.0 million revolving credit facility, and a $7.0 million term loan.  The senior credit facility is secured by substantially all of our assets, and contains customary representations and warranties, events of default and affirmative and negative covenants for secured facilities of this type.  On July 11, 2007, we agreed with Wachovia to make certain amendments to the Senior Credit Agreement which are described below.
 
Formerly, in the absence of a default, all borrowings under the revolving credit facility bore interest at the LIBOR Market Index Rate (as defined in the Credit Agreement) plus a margin of between 1.75% to 2.50% per annum that was subject to adjustment from time to time based upon the Consolidated Leverage Ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement), and the term loan bore interest at a 30-day adjusted LIBOR rate plus a margin of between 1.75% to 2.50% per annum that was subject to adjustment from time to time based upon the Consolidated Leverage Ratio.  The revolving credit facility was scheduled to expire on June 15, 2008, and the Term Loan was scheduled to mature on June 15, 2010.
 
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Under the amended Credit Agreement, the non-default rate of interest under the revolving credit facility and term loan was reduced to be the LIBOR Market Index Rate plus a margin of between 0.75% to 1.50% per annum that is subject to adjustment from time to time based upon the Consolidated Leverage Ratio, and the maturity date of the revolving credit facility was extended to June 17, 2010.  The amendments also increased the ratio of leverage permitted under the Consolidated Leverage Ratio covenant, and extended and modified certain of the negative covenants and events of default set forth in the Credit Agreement.
 
At September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006, we had no outstanding borrowings under the revolving credit facility.
 
Junior Credit Facility
 
In May 2006, we repaid $5.0 million of subordinated debt under our junior credit facility with William G. Miller, and in May 2007, we repaid the remaining $5.0 million principal balance under the junior credit facility.  With such payments, all loans under our junior credit facility were paid in full.  In July 2007, in connection with the amendments to the Credit Agreement for our senior credit facility, the junior credit facility was terminated.
 
Interest Rate Sensitivity
 
Because of the amount of obligations outstanding under our senior credit facility and the connection of the interest rate under such facility (including the default rates) to the LIBOR rate, an increase in the LIBOR rate could have an effect on our ability to satisfy our obligations under this facility and increase our interest expense.  Therefore, our liquidity and access to capital resources could be further affected by increasing interest rates.
 
Other Long-Term Obligations
 
In addition to the borrowings under the senior credit facility described above, we had approximately $2.1 million of mortgage notes payable, equipment notes payable and other long-term obligations at September 30, 2007.  We also had approximately $2.2 million in non-cancelable operating lease obligations.
 
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
 
Within 90 days prior to the filing date of this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Co-Chief Executive Officers (Co-CEOs) and Chief Financial Officer (CFO), of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Rules 13a14(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  Based upon this evaluation, our Co-CEOs and CFO have concluded that the disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports that we file or submit under the Exchange Act are recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in Securities and Exchange Commission rules and forms.
 
There were no significant changes in our internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls subsequent to the date of this evaluation.
 
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PART II.  OTHER INFORMATION
 
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
 
We are, from time to time, a party to litigation arising in the normal course of our business.  Litigation is subject to various inherent uncertainties, and it is possible that some of these matters could be resolved unfavorably to us, which could result in substantial damages against us.  We have established accruals for matters that are probable and reasonably estimable and maintain product liability and other insurance that management believes to be adequate.  Management believes that any liability that may ultimately result from the resolution of these matters in excess of available insurance coverage and accruals will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
 
ITEM 1A.
RISK FACTORS
 
There have been no material changes to the Risk Factors included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006.
 
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
 
On November 5, 2007, the Board of Directors approved and adopted Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Company, which include amendments to Article IV thereof to expressly provide for the ability to issue uncertificated shares.  These amendments are intended to comply with Rule 501.00 of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual which requires issuers to be eligible for a direct registration program that permits an investor’s ownership to be recorded and maintained on the books of the issuer or its transfer agent without the issuance of a physical stock certificate.
 
ITEM 6.
EXHIBITS
   
3.1
Charter, as amended, of the Registrant (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Registrant’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Commission on April 22, 2002)
3.2
Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant*
31.1
Certification Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) by Co-Chief Executive Officer*
31.2
Certification Pursuant to Rules 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) by Co-Chief Executive Officer*
31.3
Certification Pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) by Chief Financial Officer*
32.1
Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of United States Code by Co-Chief Executive Officer*
32.2
Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of United States Code by Co-Chief Executive Officer*
32.3
Certification Pursuant to Section 1350 of Chapter 63 of Title 18 of United States Code by Chief Financial Officer*
______________
 
*      Filed herewith
 
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SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, Miller Industries, Inc. has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
    MILLER INDUSTRIES, INC.  
       
       
         
         
    By: /s/ J. Vincent Mish  
      J. Vincent Mish  
      Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer  
       
Date:  November 8, 2007
     
 
 
 
 
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Exhibit 3.2
 
AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS
OF
MILLER INDUSTRIES, INC.
 
(as amended and restated November 5, 2007)
 
ARTICLE I
 
SHAREHOLDERS
 
Section 1.1.    Annual Meeting .  The annual meeting of the shareholders of Miller Industries, Inc. (the " Corporation ") shall be held at the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Tennessee or at such other place within or without the State of Tennessee as may be determined by the board of directors of the Corporation (the " Board of Directors " or the " Board ") and as shall be designated in the notice of said meeting, on such date and at such time as may be determined by the Board of Directors.  The purpose of said annual meeting shall be to elect directors and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the meeting.
 
Section 1.2.    Notice of Nominations .  Nominations for the election of directors may be made by the Board of Directors or a committee appointed by the Board of Directors authorized to make such nominations or by any shareholder entitled to vote in the election of directors generally.  However, any such shareholder nomination may be made only if written notice of such nomination has been given, either by personal delivery or by United States mail, postage prepaid, to the Secretary of the Corporation not later than (a) with respect to an election to be held at an annual meeting of shareholders, not less than ninety (90) nor more than one hundred twenty (120) days in advance of such meeting, and (b) with respect to an election to be held at a special meeting of shareholders for the election of directors, the close of business on the tenth day following the date on which notice of such meeting is first given to shareholders.  In the case of any nomination by the Board of Directors or a committee appointed by the Board of Directors authorized to make such nominations, compliance with the proxy rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the " Commission ") shall constitute compliance with the notice provisions of the preceding sentence.
 
In the case of any nomination by a shareholder, each such notice shall set forth:  (a) as to each person whom the shareholder proposes to nominate for election or re-election as a director, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of such person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of such person, (iii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by such person, and (iv) any other information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations of proxies with respect to nominees for election as directors, pursuant to applicable Rules and Regulations under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the " Exchange Act ") (including without limitation such person's written consent to being named in the proxy statement as a nominee and to serving as a director, if elected); and (b) as to the shareholder giving the notice (i) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation's books, of such shareholder, (ii) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by such shareholder, (iii) a representation that the shareholder is a record or beneficial holder of at least one percent (1%) or $1,000 in market value of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting; has held such stock for at least one year and shall continue to own such stock through the date of such meeting; and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to present the nomination; and (c) a description of all arrangements or understandings between the shareholder and each nominee and any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nomination or nominations are to be made by the shareholder.  The Chairman of the meeting may refuse to acknowledge the nomination of any person not made in compliance with the foregoing procedure.
 

 
Section 1.3.    Notice of New Business .  At an annual meeting of the shareholders only such new business shall be conducted, and only such proposals shall be acted upon, as shall have been properly brought before the meeting.  To be properly brought before the annual meeting such new business must be (a) specified in the notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (b) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (c) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by a shareholder.  For a proposal to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a shareholder, the shareholder must have given at least sixty (60) days prior written notice thereof to the Secretary of the Corporation and the proposal and the shareholder must comply with applicable Exchange Act Rules and Regulations.  To be timely, a shareholder's notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation, in all cases within the time limits specified by applicable Exchange Act Rules and Regulations.
 
A shareholder's notice to the Secretary shall set forth as to each matter the shareholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (a) a brief description of the proposal desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, (b) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation's books, of the shareholder proposing such business, (c) the class and number of shares of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the shareholder, (d) a representation that the shareholder is a record or beneficial holder of at least one percent (1%) or $1,000 in market value of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such meeting; has held such stock for at least one year and shall continue to own such stock through the date of such meeting; and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to present the proposal specified in the notice, and (e) any financial interest of the shareholder in such proposal.
 
Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at an annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.3 .  The Chairman of the meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that new business or any shareholder proposal was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Section 1.3 , and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and any such business or proposal not properly brought before the meeting shall not be acted upon at the meeting.  This provision shall not prevent the consideration and approval or disapproval at the annual meeting of reports of officers, directors and committees, but in connection with such reports no new business shall be acted upon at such annual meeting unless stated and filed as herein provided.
 
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Section 1.4.    Special Meetings .  Special meetings of the shareholders shall be held at the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Tennessee or at such other place within or without the State of Tennessee as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors.  Whenever the Board of Directors shall fail to fix such place, or, whenever shareholders entitled to call a special meeting shall call the same, the meeting shall be held at the principal office of the Corporation in the State of Tennessee.  Special meetings of the shareholders shall be held upon call of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or a majority of the Board of Directors, or, unless the Charter of the Corporation (the " Charter ") otherwise provides, upon written demand(s), signed, dated and delivered to the Secretary of the Corporation describing the purpose or purposes for which it is to be held, by shareholders holding at least fifteen percent (15%) of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation issued and outstanding and entitled to vote on any issue proposed to be considered at such special meeting, at such time as may be fixed by the Secretary, and as shall be stated in the call and notice of said meeting, except when the Tennessee Business Corporation Act, as amended (the " Business Corporation Act "), confers upon the shareholders the right to demand the call of such meeting and fix the date thereof.  Any written demand for a special meeting by a shareholder shall state with specificity the purpose or purposes of such meeting, including all statements necessary to make any statement of such purpose not incomplete, false or misleading, and shall include any other information required in applicable Exchange Act Rules and Regulations.  The Corporation shall mail notice of any special meeting demanded by a shareholder in accordance with Section 1.5 below within sixty (60) days after the Board of Directors has received such written demand and has determined that the demand complies with this Section 1.4 .  Business transacted at any special meeting shall be confined to the purposes stated in the notice of meeting and matters germane thereto.
 
Section 1.5.    Notice of Meetings .  The notice of all meetings of shareholders shall be in writing, shall state the date, time and place of the meeting, and, unless it is the annual meeting, shall indicate that it is being issued by or at the direction of the person or persons calling the meeting.  The notice of an annual meeting should state that the meeting is called for the election of directors and for the transaction of such other business as may properly come before the meeting and shall state the purpose or purposes of the meeting if any other action is to be taken at such annual meeting which could be taken at a special meeting.  The notice of a special meeting shall, in all instances, indicate that it is being issued by or at the direction of the person or persons calling the meeting and state the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called.  A copy of the notice of any meeting shall be served either personally or by mail, not less than ten (10) days nor more than two (2) months before the date of the meeting, to each shareholder at such shareholder's record address or at such other address which such shareholder may have furnished in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation.  If a meeting is adjourned to another time or place and if any announcement of the adjourned time or place is made at the meeting, it shall not be necessary to give notice of the adjourned meeting unless the Board of Directors, after adjournment, fixes a new record date for the adjourned meeting, which it must do if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than four (4) months after the date fixed for the original meeting.  At the adjourned meeting any business may be transacted that might have been transacted on the original date of the meeting.  Notice of a meeting need not be given to any shareholder who submits to the Corporation for inclusion in the minutes or filing with the corporate records a signed waiver of notice, in person or by proxy, before or after the meeting.  The attendance of a shareholder at a meeting without objection at the beginning of the meeting (or promptly upon his arrival) to the lack of notice or defective notice of such meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice by such shareholder.
 
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Section 1.6.    Quorum .  The holders of record of a majority of the outstanding shares of the Corporation entitled to vote at the meeting, present in person or by proxy, shall, except as otherwise provided by law or the Charter, constitute a quorum at a meeting of shareholders, provided that when a specified item of business is required to be voted on by a class or series, voting as a class, the holders of a majority of the shares of such class or series shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of such specified item of business.  When a quorum is once present to organize a meeting, it is not broken by the subsequent withdrawal of any shareholder or for adjournment of the meeting unless a new record date is or must be set for the meeting.
 
Section 1.7.    Conduct of Meetings .  Meetings of the shareholders shall be presided over by the Chairman of the Board, if any, or, if the Chairman of the Board is not present, by the President, or, if the President is not present, by a Vice President, or, if neither the Chairman of the Board, the President nor a Vice President is present, by a chairman to be chosen at the meeting.  The Secretary of the Corporation, or in the Secretary's absence, an Assistant Secretary, shall act as secretary of every meeting, but if neither the Secretary nor an Assistant Secretary is present, the meeting shall choose any person present to act as secretary of the meeting.  The officer presiding over the meeting may ask that anyone not a shareholder on the stock records of the Corporation or serving as proxy for such leave the meeting.
 
Section 1.8.    Voting .  For each share of the capital stock of the Corporation registered in his name on the books of the Corporation the holder thereof shall have the number of votes per share specified in the Charter.  Whenever under the provisions of the Charter any shareholder is entitled to more or less than one (1) vote for any share of capital stock of the Corporation held by such shareholder, every reference in these Bylaws to a plurality or other proportion of stock shall refer to such plurality or other proportion of the votes of such stock.  At each meeting of the shareholders, each shareholder having the right to vote shall be entitled to vote in person or by proxy appointed by an instrument in writing subscribed by such shareholder, or by his duly authorized attorney, and bearing a date not more than eleven (11) months prior to said meeting, unless said instrument provides for a longer period.  Every shareholder entitled to vote at any meeting may so vote by proxy and shall be entitled to such number of votes for each share entitled to vote and held by such shareholder as stated in the Charter.  At all elections of directors the voting may, but need not, be by ballot and a plurality of the votes cast thereat shall elect, except as otherwise required by law or the Charter.  Except as otherwise required by law, or the Charter, any other action shall be authorized by a majority of the votes cast.
 
Section 1.9.    Record Date .  For the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to notice of, to demand a special meeting, to vote or take any other action at any meeting of shareholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to or dissent from any proposal without a meeting, or for the purpose of determining the shareholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any rights, or for the purpose of any other action, the Board of Directors may fix, in advance, a date as the record date for any such determination of shareholders.  Such date shall not be more than seventy (70) days nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting, nor more than seventy (70) days prior to any other action.  If no record date is fixed, the record date for the determination of shareholders entitled to notice of, to demand a special meeting, to vote or take any other action at a meeting of shareholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given or, if no notice is given, the day on which the meeting is held.
 
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The record date for determining shareholders for any purpose other than that specified in the preceding clause shall be at the close of business on the day on which the resolution of the Board of Directors relating thereto is adopted.  When a determination of shareholders of record entitled to notice of, to demand a special meeting, to vote or take any other action at any meeting of shareholders has been made as provided in this Section 1.9 , such determination shall apply to any adjournment thereof, unless the Board of Directors fixes a new record date under this Section 1.9 for the adjourned meeting; provided, however, if the meeting is adjourned to a date more than four (4) months after the date fixed for the original meeting, the Board of Directors shall fix a new record date.
 
Section 1.10.    Shareholder Lists .  An alphabetical list by voting group, and within each voting group by class or series of shares, of each shareholder's name, address and share ownership entitled to notice of a shareholders' meeting as of the record date, certified by the Secretary or other officer responsible for its preparation, or by the transfer agent, if any, shall be available for inspection by any shareholder, beginning two (2) business days after notice of the meeting is given for which the list was prepared and continuing through the meeting upon the request thereat or prior thereto of any shareholder.  If the right to vote at any meeting is challenged, the inspectors of election, if any, or the person presiding thereat, shall require such list of shareholders to be produced as evidence of the right of the persons challenged to vote at such meeting, and all persons who appear from such list to be shareholders entitled to vote thereat may vote at such meeting.
 
Section 1.11.    Proxy Representation .  Every shareholder may authorize another person or persons to act for such shareholder by proxy in all matters in which a shareholder is entitled to participate, whether by waiving notice of any meeting, voting or participating at a meeting, or expressing consent or dissent without a meeting.  Every proxy must be signed by the shareholder or such shareholder's attorney-in-fact.  No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven (11) months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy.  Every proxy shall be revocable at the pleasure of the shareholder executing it, except as otherwise provided by the Business Corporation Act.
 
Section 1.12.    Inspectors .  At all meetings of shareholders, the proxies and ballots shall be received, taken in charge and examined, and all questions concerning the qualification of voters, the validity of proxies and the acceptance or rejection of proxies and of votes shall be decided by two (2) inspectors of election.  Such inspectors of election together with one alternate to serve in the event of death, inability or refusal by any of said inspectors of election to serve at the meeting, shall be appointed by the Board of Directors, or, if no such appointment or appointments shall have been made, then by the presiding officer at the meeting.  If for any reason the inspectors of election so appointed shall fail to attend, or refuse or be unable to serve, a substitute or substitutes shall be appointed to serve as inspector or inspectors of election, in their place or stead, by the presiding officer at the meeting.  No director or candidate for the office of director shall be appointed as an inspector.  Each inspector shall take and subscribe an oath or affirmation faithfully to execute the duties of inspector at such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability.  The inspectors, if any, shall determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all shareholders.  On request of the person presiding at the meeting or any shareholder, the inspectors shall make a report in writing of any challenge, question or matter determined by them and execute a certificate as to any fact found by them.  Each inspector shall be entitled to reasonable compensation for such inspector's services, to be paid by the Corporation.
 
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Section 1.13.    Actions Without Meetings .  Whenever shareholders are required or permitted to take any action by vote, such action may be taken without a meeting on written consent, setting forth the action so taken, signed by each of the holders of all outstanding shares entitled to vote thereon; provided, however, upon the effectiveness of a registration statement covering shares of the $.01 par value Common Stock of the Corporation, no further action may be taken by shareholders by written consent and all shareholder action must be taken by vote at a duly called meeting.
 
Section 1.14.    Meaning of Certain Terms .  As used herein in respect of the right to notice of a meeting of shareholders or a waiver thereof or to participate or vote thereat or to consent or dissent in writing in lieu of a meeting, as the case may be, the term "share" or "shareholder" or "shareholders" refers to an outstanding share or shares and to a holder or holders of record of outstanding shares, when the Corporation is authorized to issue only one (1) class of shares, and said reference is also intended to include any outstanding share or shares and any holder or holders of record of outstanding shares of any class upon which or upon whom the Charter confers such rights, where there are two (2) or more classes or series of shares, or upon which or upon whom the Business Corporation Act confers such rights, notwithstanding that the Charter may provide for more than one (1) class or series of shares, one (1) or more of which are limited or denied such rights thereunder.
 
ARTICLE II
 
DIRECTORS
 
Section 2.1.    Functions and Definition .  The business of the Corporation shall be managed under the direction of its Board of Directors.  The use of the phrase "entire Board of Directors" herein refers to the total number of directors which the Corporation would have if there were no vacancies.
 
Section 2.2.    Qualification and Number .  Each director shall be at least eighteen (18) years of age.  A director need not be a shareholder, a citizen of the United States, nor a resident of the State of Tennessee.  The number of directors constituting the entire Board of Directors shall be not less than nor more than the number specified in the Company's Charter, such number may be fixed from time to time by action of the Board of Directors.  The number of directors may be increased or decreased by action of the Board of Directors, provided that any action of the Board of Directors to effect such increase or decrease shall require the vote of a majority of the entire Board of Directors.  No decrease in the number of directors shall shorten the term of any incumbent director.
 
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Section 2.3.    Election and Term .  Directors shall be elected by the shareholders in the manner, and for the specific terms, as stated in the Charter.
 
Section 2.4.    Quorum .  A majority of the entire Board of Directors shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business.  A majority of the directors present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn a meeting to another time and place.  Except as provided otherwise herein or in the Charter, the vote of a majority of the directors present at the time of the vote, at a meeting duly assembled, a quorum being present at such time, shall be the act of the Board of Directors.
 
Section 2.5.    Meetings: Notice .  Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such place within or without the State of Tennessee as may from time to time be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors, or as may be specified in the notice of the meeting.  Regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held at such times as may from time to time be fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.  Special meetings of the Board may be held at any time upon the call of the Chairman of the Board, or a majority of the entire Board of Directors, by oral, telegraphic or written notice duly served upon, sent or mailed to each director not less than two (2) days before such meeting.  A meeting of the Board of Directors may be held without notice immediately after the annual meeting of shareholders at the same place at which such meeting is held.  Notice need not be given of regular meetings of the Board of Directors held at times fixed by resolution of the Board of Directors.  Any requirement of furnishing a notice shall be waived by any director who signs and delivers to the Corporation a waiver of notice before or after the meeting, or who attends the meeting without protesting, prior thereto or at its commencement, the lack of notice to him.  The notice of any meeting need not specify the purpose of the meeting, and any and all business may be transacted at such meeting.
 
Section 2.6.    Conduct of Meetings .  The Chairman of the Board of Directors, if any, shall preside at all meetings of the Board of Directors, and in the Chairman's absence or inability to act, the President shall preside, and in the President's absence or inability to act, such person as may be chosen by a majority of the directors present shall preside.
 
Section 2.7.    Committees .  By resolution adopted by a majority of the entire Board of Directors, the directors may designate from their number two (2) or more directors to constitute an Executive Committee and other committees, each of which, to the extent provided in the resolution designating it, shall have the authority of the Board of Directors with the exception of any authority the delegation of which is prohibited by law.  A majority of any such committee may determine its action and fix the time and place of its meetings, unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise provide.  The Board of Directors shall have power at any time to fill vacancies in, to change the membership of, to designate alternate members of, or to discharge any such committee.  All actions of the Executive Committee shall be recorded in the minutes of the Committee and reported to the Board of Directors at its meeting next succeeding such action.  All actions of other committees shall be recorded in the minutes of each such committee and reported to the Board of Directors (or in the case of committees appointed by the Executive Committee, to the Executive Committee) at its meeting next succeeding such action.  The Board of Directors may allow members of the Executive Committee or any other committee designated by the Board of Directors or the Executive Committee a fixed fee and expenses of attendance for attendance at meetings of such committee.  Members of such committees may also receive stated fees for their services as committee members as determined by the Board of Directors.  Nothing herein contained shall be construed to preclude any committee member from serving the Corporation in any other capacity as officer, agent or otherwise, and receiving compensation therefor.
 
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Section 2.8.    Compensation of Directors .  The Board of Directors may, by resolution, provide for payment to directors of a fixed fee for their services as directors, without regard for attendance at meetings of the Board, and for payment of expenses for attendance at such meetings.  Nothing herein contained shall be construed as precluding any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity as member of a committee, officer, agent or otherwise and receiving compensation therefor.
 
Section 2.9.    Honorary Directors .  The Board of Directors may from time to time name, in its discretion, any director who shall have resigned or shall have declined nomination for a further term, an Honorary Director for such term as the Board of Directors by resolution shall establish.  An Honorary Director may, at the invitation of the Chairman of the Board, attend meetings of the Board of Directors.  Honorary Directors shall not be entitled to vote on any business coming before the Board of Directors nor shall any Honorary Director be counted for the purpose of determining the number necessary to constitute a quorum, for the purpose of determining whether a quorum is present or for any other purpose whatsoever.  The termination of any person's relationship with the Corporation as Honorary Director shall not be deemed to create a vacancy in the position of Honorary Director.  By resolution of the Board of Directors a fixed annual fee may be allowed to an Honorary Director.  Honorary Directors shall not be directors of the Corporation and shall not have rights, privileges or powers other than those specifically provided in this Section 2.9 or as may be specifically given or assigned by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 2.10.    Dividends .  Subject always to the provisions of law and the Charter, the Board of Directors shall have full power to determine whether any, and if any, what part of any, funds legally available for the payment of dividends shall be declared as dividends and paid to shareholders; the division of the whole or any part of such funds of the Corporation shall rest wholly within the lawful discretion of the Board of Directors, and it shall not be required at any time, against such discretion, to divide or pay any part of such funds among or to the shareholders as dividends or otherwise; and before payment of any dividend, there may be set aside out of any funds of the Corporation available for dividends such sum or sums as the Board of Directors from time to time, in its absolute discretion, deems proper as a reserve or reserves to meet contingencies, or for equalizing dividends, or for repairing or maintaining any property of the Corporation, or for such other purpose as the Board of Directors shall deem conducive to the interest of the Corporation, and the Board of Directors may modify or abolish any such reserve in the manner in which it was created.
 
Section 2.11.    Resignation: Removal of Directors .  A director may resign at any time upon delivery of written notice to the Board of Directors, Chairman of the Board, President or the Corporation.  Such resignation shall be effective upon delivery unless the notice specifies a later effective date.  Any director or directors may be removed from office as provided in the Charter.
 
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Section 2.12.    Actions Without Meetings .  Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Directors or by any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting if a majority of all members of the Board of Directors or of any such committee consent in writing to the adoption of a resolution authorizing the action.  The resolution and the written consents thereto by the members of the Board of Directors or of any such committee shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Directors or of any such committee.
 
Section 2.13.    Electronic Communication .  Any one or more members of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or any such committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment allowing all persons participating in the meeting to hear each other at the same time.  Participation by such means shall constitute presence in person at a meeting.
 
ARTICLE III
 
OFFICERS
 
Section 3.1.    Election .  The Board of Directors promptly after the election thereof held in each year, shall elect the officers of the Corporation, which shall include a President and a Secretary, and which may include a Chairman of the Board, a Chief Executive Officer, one (I) or more Vice Presidents, a Treasurer, and a Controller, and may also include Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers, Assistant Controllers and such other officers, agents and employees as the Board may from time to time deem proper, who shall hold their offices for such term and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.  The Board of Directors shall fix the salaries of the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, and Vice Presidents, the Treasurer, the Controller and the Secretary.  Unless fixed by the Board of Directors or a committee thereof, the salaries of all other officers, agents and employees shall be fixed by the Chairman of the Board, if serving, otherwise the President.  Any two (2) or more offices may be held by the same person except the offices of President and Secretary.  The Chairman of the Board shall be a member of the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.2.    Term .  The term of office of all officers shall be until their respective successors have been elected and qualified, but any officer may be removed from office, either with or without cause, at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors.  Any vacancy in any office arising from any cause may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.3.    Duties .  The officers of the Corporation shall each have such powers and duties as are set forth in these Bylaws and such additional powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred upon them by the Board of Directors, and, subject thereto, such powers and duties as generally pertain to their respective offices, and the Board of Directors may from time to time impose and confer any or all of the powers and duties hereinafter specifically prescribed for any officer upon any other officer or officers.
 
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Section 3.4.    Resignation; Removal of Officers .  An officer may resign at any time upon delivery of notice to the Corporation.  Such resignation shall be effective upon delivery unless the notice specifies a later effective date.  In the event that an officer specifies in his notice a later effective date, and the Corporation accepts the future effective date, the Board may fill the pending vacancy prior to the effective date; provided, however, that the Board designates that the successor officer does not take office until such effective date.  Any officer may be removed from office, either with or without cause, at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the whole Board of Directors.  Further, any officer or assistant officer, if appointed by another officer, may likewise be removed by such officer.
 
Section 3.5.    Chairman of the Board .  The Chairman of the Board shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Directors at which he shall be present and shall furnish advice and counsel to the Board of Directors.  In the absence of a Chief Executive Officer, the Chairman of the Board shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation.  The Chairman of the Board shall exercise the powers and perform the duties usual to a chairman of the board of a corporation, and shall have such other powers and duties as may be assigned to him by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.6.    Chief Executive Officer .  The Chief Executive Officer, in the absence of a Chairman of the Board, shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Directors at which he shall be present.  In the absence of a Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer shall report directly to the Board of Directors.  He shall have such other powers and duties as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.7.    President .  The President, in the absence of a Chairman of the Board or a Chief Executive Officer, shall preside at all meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Directors at which he shall be present.  The President shall be the Chief Operating Officer and shall direct the operations of the business of the Corporation, and report to the Chief Executive Officer.  In the absence of a Chief Executive Officer or a Chairman of the Board, the President shall report directly to the Board of Directors.  In the absence of a Chief Executive Officer, and in the event the Board of Directors has not vested such powers in a Chairman of the Board, the President shall be the Chief Executive Officer.  He shall have such other powers and duties as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.8.    Vice Presidents .  The Vice Presidents shall be of such number and shall have such titles of designation as may be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors.  They shall perform such duties as may be assigned to them, respectively, from time to time by the Board of Directors.
 
Section 3.9.    Secretary .  The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of shareholders and directors, and all other notices required by law or by these Bylaws, and in the case of his absence or refusal or neglect so to do, any such notice may be given by any person thereunto directed by the Chairman of the Board, or by the directors or shareholders upon whose request the meeting is called as provided in these Bylaws.  He shall record all the proceedings of the meetings of shareholders, the Board of Directors and Executive Committee in a book to be kept for that purpose, and shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.  The Secretary shall have the custody of the records and the seal, if any, of the Corporation.  He shall affix the seal, if any, to any instrument requiring it, when signed by a duly authorized officer or when specifically authorized by the Board of Directors or the Chairman of the Board, and attest the same.  In the absence or incapacity of the Secretary, any Assistant Secretary may affix the seal, if any, to any such instrument and attest the same.
 
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Section 3.10.    Assistant Secretaries .  The Assistant Secretaries shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary.
 
Section 3.11.    Treasurer .  The Treasurer shall be responsible for establishing and executing programs providing for long and short teen financing needs of the Corporation.  He shall establish policies for the receipt, custody and disbursement of the Corporation's monies and securities, and for investment of the Corporation's funds.  He shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.
 
Section 3.12.    Assistant Treasurers .  The Assistant Treasurers shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the Treasurer.
 
Section 3.13.    Controller .  The Controller shall be responsible for the development and maintenance of accounting policies and systems properly to record, report and interpret the financial position and the results of operations of the Corporation.  He shall be responsible for development and maintenance of adequate plans for the financial control of operations and the protection of the assets of the Corporation.  He shall perform such other duties as may be assigned to him from time to time by the Board of Directors or the Chief Executive Officer.
 
Section 3.14.    Assistant Controllers .  The Assistant Controllers shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as may be assigned to them from time to time by the Board of Directors, the Chief Executive Officer or the Controller.
 
Section 3.15.    Corporation as Security Holder .  Unless otherwise ordered by the Board of Directors, the President, or, in the event of the President's inability to act, the Vice President designated by the Board of Directors to act in the absence of the President or, in the absence of such designation, in the order of such Vice President's seniority, shall have full power and authority on behalf of the Corporation to attend and to act and to vote at any meetings of security holders of corporations in which the Corporation may hold securities, and at such meetings shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and powers incident to the ownership of such securities, and which as the owner thereof the Corporation might have possessed and exercised, if present.  The Board of Directors by resolution from time to time may confer like powers upon any other person or persons.
 
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ARTICLE IV
 
SHARES
 
Section 4.1.    Shares of Stock .  The shares of stock of the Corporation may be certificated or uncertificated, and may be evidenced by registration in the holder's name in uncertificated, book-entry form on the books of the Corporation in accordance with a direct registration system; provided, that the Board may authorize the issuance of some or all of any or all classes or series of the stock of the Corporation without certificates.  Any authorization of the Board providing for shares without certificates shall not affect shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation.  Notwithstanding any such authorization by the Board, every holder of fully-paid stock represented by certificates and, upon request, every holder of uncertificated shares, shall be entitled to have a certificate, which shall be in such form not inconsistent with the Charter as the Board of Directors may from time to time prescribe.  Certificates representing shares shall have set forth thereon the statements prescribed by law and shall be signed by the President or a Vice President and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer and may be sealed with the corporate seal or a facsimile thereof.  The signatures of the officers upon a certificate may be facsimiles if the certificate is countersigned by a transfer agent or registered by a registrar other than the Corporation itself or its employee.  In case any officer who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such officer were an officer at the date of its issue.  Within a reasonable time after the issue or transfer of shares without certificates, if required by Section 48-16-207 of the Business Corporation Act (or any successor provision), the Corporation shall (or shall direct its transfer agent, if any) to send to the shareholder a written statement of the information required on certificates by Sections 48-16-206(b) and (c), and, if applicable, Section 48-16-208, of the Business Corporation Act.  Except as otherwise expressly provided by law, the rights and obligations of the holders of shares without certificates and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.
 
Section 4.2.    Transfer of Shares .  Upon compliance with provisions restricting the transferability of shares, if any, transfers of shares of the Corporation shall be made only on the share record of the Corporation by the registered holder thereof, or by such holder's attorney thereunto authorized by power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary of the Corporation or with a transfer agent or a registrar, if any, the payment of all taxes due thereon, and, if such shares are represented by a certificate or certificates, upon the surrender of the certificate or certificates for such shares properly endorsed, or for shares without certificates, upon the presentation of proper evidence of authority to transfer by the record holder thereof.  A certificate representing shares (or, in lieu of a certificate, shares without certificates) shall not be issued until the full amount of consideration therefor has been paid, except as the Business Corporation Act may otherwise permit.
 
Section 4.3.    Fractional Shares .  The Corporation may issue fractions of a share, in either certificated form or without certificates, where necessary to effect transactions authorized by the Business Corporation Act which shall entitle the holder, in proportion to such holder's fractional holdings, to exercise voting rights, receive dividends and participate in liquidating distributions; or the Corporation may pay in cash the value of fractions of a share as of the time when those entitled to receive such fractions is determined; or it may issue scrip in registered or bearer form over the manual or facsimile signature of an officer of the Corporation or of its agent, exchangeable as therein, provided for full shares, but such scrip shall not entitle the holder to any rights of a shareholder except as therein provided.  The Board of Directors shall have power and authority to make all such rules and regulations as it may deem expedient concerning the issue, transfer and registration of certificated or uncertificated shares of the Corporation.
 
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Section 4.4.    Replacement Certificates .  No certificates representing shares (or, in lieu of new certificates, shares without certificates) shall be issued in place of any certificate alleged to have been lost, destroyed or stolen, except on production of such evidence of such loss, destruction or theft as the Board of Directors may require, and on delivery to the Corporation, if the Board of Directors shall so require, of a bond of indemnity in such amount, upon such terms and secured by such surety as the Board of Directors may in its discretion require.
 
Section 4.5.    Registered Shareholders .  The Corporation shall be entitled to treat the holder of record of any share or shares of stock as the holder in fact thereof and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to, or interest in such share or shares on the part of any other person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the laws of the State of Tennessee.
 
ARTICLE V
 
FISCAL YEAR
 
The fiscal year of the Corporation shall be fixed from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors.
 
ARTICLE VI
 
CORPORATE SEAL
 
The Corporation may, but shall not be required to, adopt a corporate seal.  The corporate seal shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation and the year of its incorporation, and shall be in such form and contain such other words and/or figures as the Board of Directors shall determine.  The corporate seal may be used by printing, engraving, lithographing, stamping or otherwise making, placing or affixing, or causing to be printed, engraved, lithographed, stamped or otherwise made, placed or affixed upon any paper or document, by any process whatsoever, an impression, facsimile or other reproduction of said corporate seal.
 
ARTICLE VII
 
INDEMNIFICATION
 
The Corporation shall indemnify to the full extent permitted by law any person made or threatened to be made a party to any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that such person or such person's testator or intestate is or was a director, officer or employee of the Corporation or serves or served at the request of the Corporation any other enterprise as a director, officer or employee.  Expenses incurred by any such person in defending any such action, suit or proceeding shall be paid or reimbursed by the Corporation promptly upon receipt by it of an undertaking of such person to repay such expenses if it shall ultimately be determined that such person is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation.  The rights provided to any person by this bylaw shall be enforceable against the Corporation by such person who shall be presumed to have relied upon it in serving or continuing to serve as a director, officer or employee as provided above.  No amendment of this bylaw shall impair the rights of any person arising at any time with respect to events occurring prior to such amendment.  For purposes of this article, the term "Corporation" shall include any predecessor of the Corporation and any constituent corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed by the Corporation in a consolidation or merger; the term "other enterprise" shall include any corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise; service "at the request of the Corporation" shall include service as a director, officer or employee of the Corporation which imposes duties on, or involves services by, such director, officer or employee with respect to an employee benefit plan, its participants or beneficiaries; any excise taxes assessed on a person with respect to an employee benefit plan shall be deemed to be indemnifiable expenses; and action taken or omitted by a person with respect to an employee benefit plan which such person reasonably believes to be in the interest of the participants and beneficiaries of such plan shall be deemed to be action not opposed to the best interests of the Corporation.
 
13

 
ARTICLE VIII
 
CONTROL SHARE ACQUISITIONS
 
Section 8.1.    Applicability of Control Share Acquisition Act .  The Tennessee Control Share Acquisition Act shall be applicable with respect to shares of the Corporation.
 
Section 8.2.    Redemption of Control Shares in Certain Events .  In accordance with Section 15 of the Tennessee Control Share Acquisition Act, the Corporation may redeem, at its option, all but not less than all control shares acquired in a control share acquisition at any time during the period ending sixty (60) days after the last acquisition of control shares by an acquiring person, from the acquiring person for the fair value (as defined in such Section 15) of such shares if: (i) no control acquisition statement has been filed; or (ii) a control acquisition statement has been filed and the shares are not accorded voting rights by the shareholders pursuant to Section 14 of the Tennessee Control Share Acquisition Act.
 
ARTICLE IX
 
GENERAL
 
Section 9.1.    Financial Reports.   The directors may appoint the Treasurer or other fiscal officer and/or the Secretary or any other officer to cause to be prepared and furnished to shareholders entitled thereto any special financial notice and/or financial statement, as the case may be, which may be required by any provision of law.
 
Section 9.2.    Books and Records .  The Corporation shall keep correct and complete books and records of account and shall keep minutes of the proceedings of the shareholders, of the Board of Directors, and/or any committee which the directors may appoint, and shall keep at the office of the Corporation in the State of Tennessee or at the office of the transfer agent or registrar, if any, in said state, a record containing the names and addresses of all shareholders, the number and class of shares held by each, and the dates when such shareholders respectively became the owners of record thereof.  Any of the foregoing books, minutes or records may be in written form or in any other form capable of being converted into written form within a reasonable time.
 
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ARTICLE X
 
AMENDMENTS
 
An affirmative vote of sixty-six and two-thirds percent (66-2/3%) of the shareholders entitled to vote, voting together as a single class, may make, alter, amend or repeal the Bylaws and may adopt new Bylaws.
 
 
 
 
 
 
15

Exhibit 31.1
CERTIFICATIONS
 
I, Jeffrey I. Badgley, certify that:
 
1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Miller Industries, Inc.
     
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
     
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
     
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
     
 
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
     
 
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
     
 
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
     
 
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
     
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
     
 
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
     
 
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 
Date:  November 8, 2007
 
    /s/ Jeffrey I. Badgley  
    Jeffrey I. Badgley  
   
President and Co-Chief Executive Officer
 

Exhibit 31.2
 
CERTIFICATIONS
 
I, William G. Miller, certify that:
 
1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Miller Industries, Inc.
     
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
     
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
     
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
     
 
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
     
 
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
     
 
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
     
 
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
     
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
     
 
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
     
 
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 
Date:  November 8, 2007
 
    /s/ William G. Miller  
    William G. Miller  
   
Chairman of the Board and Co-Chief Executive Officer  
 

Exhibit 31.3
 
CERTIFICATIONS
 
I, J. Vincent Mish, certify that:
 
1.
I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Miller Industries, Inc.
     
2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;
     
3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;
     
4.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:
     
 
a.
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;
     
 
b.
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;
     
 
c.
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and
     
 
d.
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and
     
5.
The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):
     
 
a.
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and
     
 
b.
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 
Date:  November 8, 2007
 
    /s/ J. Vincent Mish  
    J. Vincent Mish  
   
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer  
 

Exhibit 32.1
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
 
I, Jeffrey I. Badgley, President and Co-Chief Executive  Officer of Miller Industries, Inc. (the “Company”), certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted by § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
 
 
(1)
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
     
 
(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

 
Dated: November 8, 2007
 
    /s/ Jeffrey I. Badgley  
    Jeffrey I. Badgley  
   
President and Co-Chief Executive Officer  

Exhibit 32.2
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
 
I, William G. Miller, Chairman of the Board and Co-Chief Executive  Officer of Miller Industries, Inc. (the “Company”), certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted by § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
 
 
(1)
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
     
 
(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

 
Dated:  November 8, 2007
 
    /s/ William G. Miller  
    William G. Miller  
   
Chairman of the Board and Co-Chief Executive Officer  

Exhibit 32.3
 
CERTIFICATION PURSUANT TO 18 U.S.C. SECTION 1350
 
I, J. Vincent Mish, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Miller Industries, Inc. (the “Company”), certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 as adopted by § 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that:
 
 
(1)
the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of the Company for the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and
     
 
(2)
the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

 
Dated:  November 8, 2007
 
    /s/ J. Vincent Mish  
   
J. Vincent Mish
 
   
Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer