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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-Q

 

(Mark One)

x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the quarterly period ended July 31, 2005.

 

OR

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

For the transition period from                      to                     

 

Commission file number 000-27141

 

TIVO INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Delaware   77-0463167
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)   (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

2160 Gold Street, P.O. Box 2160, Alviso, CA 95002

(Address of principal executive offices including zip code)

 

(408) 519-9100

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports) and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES x NO ¨ .

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an accelerated filer (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). YES x NO ¨ .

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). ¨ Yes x No.

 

The number of shares outstanding of the registrant’s common stock, $0.001 par value, was 84,608,600 as of August 26, 2005.

 



Table of Contents

 

T I V O I NC .

 

F ORM 10-Q

F OR THE F ISCAL Q UARTER E NDED J ULY 31, 2005

 

T ABLE OF C ONTENTS

 

PART I : FINANCIAL INFORMATION

   3

I TEM  1.

   F INANCIAL S TATEMENTS ( UNAUDITED )    3
     C ONDENSED C ONSOLIDATED B ALANCE S HEETS    3
     C ONDENSED C ONSOLIDATED S TATEMENTS OF O PERATIONS    4
     C ONDENSED C ONSOLIDATED S TATEMENTS OF S TOCKHOLDERS ’ E QUITY (D EFICIT )    5
     C ONDENSED C ONSOLIDATED S TATEMENTS OF C ASH F LOWS    6
     N OTES T O C ONDENSED C ONSOLIDATED F INANCIAL S TATEMENTS    8

I TEM  2.

   M ANAGEMENT S D ISCUSSION AND A NALYSIS OF F INANCIAL C ONDITION AND R ESULTS OF O PERATIONS    21

I TEM  3.

   Q UANTITATIVE AND Q UALITATIVE D ISCLOSURES A BOUT M ARKET R ISK    53

I TEM  4.

   C ONTROLS AND P ROCEDURES    53

PART II : OTHER INFORMATION

   53

I TEM  1.

   L EGAL P ROCEEDINGS    53

I TEM  2.

   U NREGISTERED S ALES OF E QUITY S ECURITIES AND U SE OF P ROCEEDS    54

I TEM  3.

   D EFAULTS U PON S ENIOR S ECURITIES    54

I TEM  4.

   S UBMISSION OF M ATTERS TO A V OTE OF S ECURITY H OLDERS    54

I TEM  5.

   O THER I NFORMATION    54

I TEM  6.

   E XHIBITS    55

S IGNATURES AND O FFICER C ERTIFICATIONS

   56

 

© 2005 TiVo Inc. All Rights Reserved.

 

Except as the context otherwise requires, the terms “TiVo”, “Registrant”, “company”, “we”, “us”, or “our” as used herein are references to TiVo Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries.

 

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PART I: FINANCIAL INFORMATION

 

Item 1. Financial Statements

 

TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     July 31, 2005

    January 31, 2005

 
ASSETS                 

CURRENT ASSETS

                

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 89,173     $ 87,245  

Short-term investments

     14,650       19,100  

Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $453 and $104

     8,684       25,879  

Finished goods inventories

     20,476       12,103  

Prepaid expenses and other, current

     4,860       4,476  
    


 


Total current assets

     137,843       148,803  

LONG-TERM ASSETS

                

Property and equipment, net

     7,773       7,780  

Capitalized software and intangible assets, net

     5,739       2,231  

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term

     1,009       1,238  
    


 


Total long-term assets

     14,521       11,249  
    


 


Total assets

   $ 152,364     $ 160,052  
    


 


LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)                 

LIABILITIES

                

CURRENT LIABILITIES

                

Bank line of credit

   $ 8,000     $ 4,500  

Accounts payable

     11,110       18,736  

Accrued liabilities

     20,198       33,173  

Deferred revenue, current

     48,305       42,017  
    


 


Total current liabilities

     87,613       98,426  

LONG-TERM LIABILITIES

                

Deferred revenue, long-term

     60,166       63,131  

Deferred rent and other

     973       1,187  
    


 


Total long-term liabilities

     61,139       64,318  
    


 


Total liabilities

     148,752       162,744  

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES (see Note 8)

                

STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

                

Preferred stock, par value $0.001:

                

Authorized shares are 10,000,000

                

Issued and outstanding shares - none

     —         —    

Common stock, par value $0.001:

                

Authorized shares are 150,000,000

                

Issued and outstanding shares are 84,443,988 and 82,280,876, respectively

     84       82  

Additional paid-in capital

     663,504       654,746  

Deferred compensation

     (2,267 )     (428 )

Accumulated deficit

     (657,709 )     (657,092 )
    


 


Total stockholders’ equity (deficit)

     3,612       (2,692 )
    


 


Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity (deficit)

   $ 152,364     $ 160,052  
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements

 

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TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share and share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 

Revenues

                                

Service and technology revenues (includes $1,718 and $6,805 from related parties for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004, respectively)

   $ 40,674     $ 27,760     $ 80,694     $ 52,934  

Hardware revenues

     4,649       18,592       15,175       32,929  

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     (5,988 )     (6,576 )     (9,626 )     (11,564 )
    


 


 


 


Net revenues

     39,335       39,776       86,243       74,299  

Cost of revenues

                                

Cost of service and technology revenues

     7,458       9,544       16,324       17,099  

Cost of hardware revenues

     6,565       22,720       22,207       39,570  
    


 


 


 


Total cost of revenues

     14,023       32,264       38,531       56,669  
    


 


 


 


Gross margin

     25,312       7,512       47,712       17,630  
    


 


 


 


Research and development

     9,778       8,138       20,682       17,137  

Sales and marketing (includes $284 and $1,100 to related parties for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004, respectively)

     7,574       6,026       14,404       11,626  

General and administrative

     8,409       3,794       14,547       8,033  
    


 


 


 


Total operating expenses

     25,761       17,958       49,633       36,796  
    


 


 


 


Loss from operations

     (449 )     (10,446 )     (1,921 )     (19,166 )

Interest income

     734       366       1,358       693  

Interest expense and other

     (2 )     (668 )     (3 )     (1,324 )
    


 


 


 


Income (loss) before income taxes

     283       (10,748 )     (566 )     (19,797 )

Provision for income taxes

     (43 )     (12 )     (51 )     (30 )
    


 


 


 


Net income (loss)

   $ 240     $ (10,760 )   $ (617 )   $ (19,827 )
    


 


 


 


Net income (loss) per common share - basic and diluted

   $ 0.00     $ (0.13 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.25 )
    


 


 


 


Weighted average common shares used to calculate basic net income (loss) per share

     83,505,681       80,196,728       82,943,276       79,998,296  
    


 


 


 


Weighted average common shares used to calculate diluted net income (loss) per share

     86,479,455       80,196,728       82,943,276       79,998,296  
    


 


 


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements

 

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TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (DEFICIT)

(In thousands, except share amounts)

(unaudited)

 

     Common Stock

   Additional
Paid-In
Capital


    Deferred
Compensation


    Accumulated
Deficit


    Total

 
     Shares

    Amount

        

BALANCE JANUARY 31, 2005

   82,280,876     $ 82    $ 654,746     $ (428 )   $ (657,092 )   $ (2,692 )

Issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

   342,424       1      1,318                       1,319  

Issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan

   245,655              1,175                       1,175  

Retirement due to forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock

   (30,510 )            (260 )     260               —    

Recognition of stock based compensation benefit, net

                          (58 )             (58 )

Net loss

                                  (857 )     (857 )
    

 

  


 


 


 


BALANCE APRIL 30, 2005

   82,838,445       83      656,979       (226 )     (657,949 )     (1,113 )

Issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

   968,900       1      4,543                       4,544  

Cashless exercise of 1,029,095 warrants resulting in the net issuance of 286,643 shares of common stock

   286,643                                      —    

Retirement due to forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock

                  (300 )     300                  

Issuance of restricted shares of common stock

   350,000              2,282       (2,282 )             —    

Recognition of stock based compensation benefit, net

                          (59 )             (59 )

Net income

                                  240       240  
    

 

  


 


 


 


BALANCE JULY 31, 2005

   84,443,988     $ 84    $ 663,504     $ (2,267 )   $ (657,709 )   $ 3,612  

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements

 

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TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

 

CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES

                

Net loss

   $ (617 )   $ (19,827 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

                

Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment and intangibles

     2,982       2,330  

Non-cash interest expense

     —         940  

Recognition of stock-based compensation expense (benefit)

     (117 )     550  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

                

Accounts receivable, net (change includes $1,500 from related parties for the six months ended July 31, 2004)

     17,195       (2,529 )

Finished goods inventories

     (8,373 )     (14,522 )

Prepaid expenses and other, current (change includes $2,832 to related parties for the six months ended July 31, 2004)

     (384 )     560  

Prepaid expenses and other, long-term (change includes $3,268 to related parties for the six months ended July 31, 2004)

     229       1,825  

Accounts payable

     (7,626 )     17,704  

Accrued liabilities (change includes $(880) to related parties for the six months ended July 31, 2004)

     (12,975 )     (1,215 )

Deferred revenue, current (change includes $(1,814) from related parties for the three months ended July 31, 2004)

     6,288       (811 )

Deferred revenue, long-term

     (2,965 )     1,412  

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities

     (214 )     (188 )
    


 


Net cash used in operating activities

   $ (6,577 )   $ (13,771 )
    


 


CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES

                

Purchases of short-term investments

     (5,375 )     (19,750 )

Sales of short-term investments

     9,825       7,050  

Acquisition of property and equipment, net

     (2,568 )     (1,792 )

Acquisition of capitalized software and intangibles

     (3,915 )     —    
    


 


Net cash used in investing activities

   $ (2,033 )   $ (14,492 )
    


 


CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES

                

Borrowing under bank line of credit

     3,500       —    

Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to employee stock purchase plan

     1,175       1,228  

Proceeds from issuance of common stock related to exercise of common stock options

     5,863       1,093  
    


 


Net cash provided by financing activities

   $ 10,538     $ 2,321  
    


 


NET INCREASE (DECREASE) IN CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS

   $ 1,928     $ (25,942 )
    


 


 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements

 

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TIVO INC.

CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)

(In thousands)

(unaudited)

 

     Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

 

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS:

                

Balance at beginning of period

     87,245       138,210  
    


 


Balance at end of period

   $ 89,173     $ 112,268  
    


 


SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH AND NON-CASH FLOW INFORMATION

                

Cash paid for interest

   $ (3 )   $ (387 )

Cash paid for income taxes

   $ (13 )   $ (13 )

SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF OTHER NON-CASH INVESTING AND FINANCING INFORMATION

                

Adjustment to deferred compensation as a result of retirement due to forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock

     (560 )     (144 )

Issuance of restricted common stock

     2,282       —    

Issuance of common stock for purchase of patent rights

     —         (306 )

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements

 

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TIVO INC.

NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(Unaudited)

 

1. NATURE OF OPERATIONS

 

TiVo Inc. (the “Company” or “TiVo”) was incorporated in August 1997 as a Delaware corporation and is located in Alviso, California. On August 21, 2000, TiVo (UK) Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of TiVo Inc., was incorporated in the United Kingdom. On October 9, 2001, the Company formed a subsidiary, TiVo International, Inc., also a Delaware corporation. On July 16, 2004, TiVo Intl. II, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of TiVo Inc., was incorporated in the Cayman Islands. On March 22, 2005, TiVo Brands LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of TiVo Inc., was incorporated in the State of Delaware as a holding entity for all of the Company’s trademarks. The Company conducts its operations through one reportable segment.

 

TiVo is a leading provider of technology and services for digital video recorders, or DVRs, a rapidly growing consumer electronics category. The subscription-based TiVo service improves home entertainment by providing consumers with an easy way to record, watch, and control television and is designed to make the TiVo DVR the focal point of the digital living room, a center for sharing and experiencing television, music, photos, and other content. The TiVo service also provides the television industry with a platform for advertisers, content delivery, and audience measurement research. As TiVo’s brand awareness increases and consumer adoption grows, the Company remains focused on extending and protecting its intellectual property, promoting, and leveraging the TiVo brand for future partnerships, and improving its market share and financial position.

 

The Company’s financial strength and ability to adapt to the current market and economic conditions are dependent in part on its generation of positive cash flow, effective management of working capital, and funding commitments, as well as the growth of its business. The Company is subject to a number of risks, including delays in product and service developments; competitive service offerings; lack of market acceptance and uncertainty of future profitability; dependence on third parties for manufacturing, marketing, and sales support; intellectual property claims against the Company; and dependence on its relationship with DIRECTV for subscription growth.

 

Unaudited Interim Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements

 

The accompanying unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, the unaudited interim condensed consolidated financial statements do not contain all of the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete audited annual financial statements. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s financial position as of July 31, 2005 and January 31, 2005 and the results of operations for the three and six-month periods ended July 31, 2005 and 2004 and condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the six-month periods ended July 31, 2005 and 2004. Additionally, included is the unaudited statement of stockholders’ equity (deficit) for the three-month periods ended April 30, 2005 and July 31, 2005. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company’s audited consolidated financial statements as of January 31, 2005 and 2004, including the notes thereto, included in the Company’s 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K. Operating results for the three and six-month period ended July 31, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the year ending January 31, 2006.

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

 

Basis of Presentation

 

The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All inter-company accounts and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

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Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Reclassifications

 

Certain reclassifications have been made to prior periods’ financial statements to conform to the current period presentations. The Company reclassified its auction rate securities from cash and cash equivalents to short-term investments for the fiscal year ended January 31, 2004 and six months ended July 31, 2004.

 

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

Cash and cash equivalents include all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. The carrying value of the cash and cash equivalents approximates fair value.

 

Short-term Investments

 

Short-term investments include corporate debt securities and U.S. Government Agency debt securities. Short-term investments are classified as available-for-sale and are carried at fair value. The Company’s short-term investments are reviewed each reporting period for declines in value that are considered to be other-than temporary and, if appropriate, written down to their estimated fair value. Realized gains and losses and declines in value judged to be other-than-temporary on available-for-sale securities are included in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. Unrealized gains and losses are included in other comprehensive income (loss). The cost of securities sold is based on the specific identification method. Interest and dividends on securities classified as available-for-sale are included in interest income in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

Carrying amounts of certain of the Company’s financial instruments including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, and accrued expenses approximate their fair value because of their short maturities. Available-for-sale marketable securities are reported at their fair value based on quoted market prices.

 

Finished Goods Inventories

 

TiVo maintains a finished goods inventory of DVRs throughout the year. Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value on an aggregate basis, with cost determined using the first-in, first-out method. The Company performs a detailed assessment of inventory at each balance sheet date, which includes a review of, among other factors, demand requirements and market conditions. Based on this analysis, the Company records adjustments, when appropriate, to reflect inventory at lower of cost or market. During the three months ended April 30, 2005, as a result of such assessment, the Company recorded a charge to cost of hardware revenues of $3.2 million related to losses from inventory write-downs and inventory that it is committed to purchase, of which $2.4 million is still remaining in inventory reserves at July 31, 2005.

 

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment are stated at cost. Maintenance and repair expenditures are expensed as incurred.

 

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Furniture and fixtures

   3-5 years

Computer and office equipment

   3-5 years

Lab equipment

   3 years

Leasehold improvements

   The shorter of 7 years or the life of the lease

Capitalized software for internal use

   1-5 years

 

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Capitalized Software

 

Costs of computer software to be sold, leased or otherwise marketed have been accounted for in accordance with SFAS No. 86, “Accounting for the Costs of Computer Software to Be Sold, Leased, or Otherwise Marketed.” The Company achieves technological feasibility upon development of a working model. The period between the development of a working model and the release of the final product to customers is short and, therefore, the development costs incurred during this short period are immaterial and, as such, are not capitalized.

 

Intangible Assets

 

Purchased intangible assets include intellectual property such as patent rights carried at cost less accumulated amortization. Useful lives generally range from three years to seven years.

 

Deferred Rent and Other Long-Term Liabilities

 

Deferred rent and other long-term liabilities consist primarily of accrued rent resulting from the recognition of the escalating lease payments related to rent and related property taxes and insurance for the Company’s corporate headquarters office buildings. Additionally, included are liabilities as a result of the Company’s TiVo rewards program, a customer loyalty program.

 

Revenue Recognition and Deferred Revenue

 

The Company generates service revenues from fees for providing the TiVo service to consumers. The Company also generates technology revenues from providing licensing and engineering professional services. In addition, the Company generates hardware revenues from the sale of hardware products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Service Revenues . Included in service revenues are revenues from monthly, annual, and product lifetime subscription fees to the TiVo service. Monthly and annual subscription revenues are recognized over the period benefited. Subscription revenues from product lifetime subscriptions are recognized ratably over a four-year period, the Company’s estimate of the useful life of the DVR. Also included in service revenues are provisioning fees received from DIRECTV.

 

Technology Revenues . The Company recognizes technology revenues under technology license and engineering professional services agreements in accordance with the American Institute of Certified Public Accountant’s Statement of Position (“SOP”), 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition,” as amended. These agreements contain multiple-elements in which vendor specific objective evidence (“VSOE”) of fair value is required for all undelivered elements in order to recognize revenue related to the delivered element. Elements included in the Company’s arrangements may include technology licenses and associated maintenance and support, engineering professional services and other services. The timing of revenue recognition related to these transactions will depend, in part, on whether the Company can establish VSOE for undelivered elements and on how these transactions are structured. As such, revenue recognition may not correspond to the timing of related cash flows or the Company’s work effort.

 

In arrangements which include engineering professional services that are essential to the functionality of the software or involve significant customization or modification of the software, the Company recognizes revenue using the percentage-of-completion method, as described in SOP 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts,” if the Company believes it is able to make reasonably dependable estimates of the extent of progress toward completion. The Company measures progress toward completion based on the ratio of costs incurred to date to total estimated costs of the project, an input method. These estimates are assessed continually during the term of the contract, and revisions are reflected when the conditions become known. In some cases, the Company has accepted engineering professional services contracts that were expected to be losses at the time of acceptance in order to gain experience in developing new technology that could be used in future products and services. Provisions for all losses on contracts are recorded when estimates indicate that a loss will be incurred on a contract. If the Company is not able to estimate total project revenues, total costs, or progress toward completion, but is able to estimate that no loss will be incurred on an arrangement, the Company recognizes revenue to the extent of incremental direct costs until the engineering professional services are complete. Thereafter, any remaining revenue is recognized over the period the maintenance and support or other services are provided.

 

During the three months ended July 31, 2005, the Company determined that it needed to incur $1.0 million of development costs related to a loss contract deemed substantially complete in fiscal year 2005. As a result, the Company recorded a total charge of $1.0 million to the statement of operations in the three months ended July 31, 2005 of which $435,000 was a reduction in technology revenues and $598,000 was an increase in costs of technology revenues.

 

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Hardware Revenues. The Company recognizes hardware revenues, net of an allowance for sales returns, from the sales of TiVo-enabled DVRs. Hardware revenues are recognized upon delivery to retailers or upon shipment to consumers. The fees for shipping and handling paid by customers are recognized as hardware revenues. The costs associated with shipping and handling these DVRs are expensed as cost of hardware revenues.

 

Under certain programs the Company may give away free DVRs with a paid subscription or gift certificate. In certain marketing and pricing programs offered to consumers through its website, the Company may offer free or discounted DVRs bundled with a pre-paid subscription or gift certificate. These are multiple element arrangements under EITF 00-21, “Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables,” and therefore revenue is allocated to the DVR and subscription based on the relative fair value. To the extent that the cost of the DVR exceeds the revenue allocated to the DVR, the excess costs are deferred and amortized over the period of the subscription. If a loss is incurred on the total arrangement, then the loss accrual is expensed at the time of shipment of the DVR. As of July 31, 2005, the Company deferred $1.1 million in hardware costs for these programs.

 

Rebates, Revenue Share, and Other Payments to Channel. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendors Products)”, certain payments to customers such as market development funds and revenue share are shown as a reduction to revenue rather than as a sales and marketing expense. The Company’s policy is to expense customer payments when incurred and are fixed and determinable.

 

Deferred Revenues . Deferred revenues consists of unrecognized service and technology fees that have been collected, however the related service has not yet been provided or VSOE of fair value does not exist for the undelivered elements of an arrangement.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses, which consist primarily of employee salaries, related expenses, and consulting fees, are expensed as incurred.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, media advertising, public relations activities, special promotions, trade shows, and the production of product related items, including collateral and videos. Additionally, included are sales and marketing expenses that consist of cash and non-cash charges related to the Company’s agreements with related parties.

 

Advertising

 

The Company expenses advertising costs as the services are provided. Advertising expenses were $1.8 million and $2.8 million for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, respectively and $1.2 million and $1.7 million for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004, respectively.

 

Warranty Expense and Liability

 

The Company accrues warranty costs for the expected material and labor required to provide warranty services on its hardware products. The methodology used in determining the liability for product warranty services is based upon historical information and experience. The Company’s warranty reserve liability is calculated as the total volume of unit sales over the warranty period, multiplied by the expected rate of warranty returns multiplied by the estimated cost to replace or repair the customers’ product returns under warranty.

 

Interest Expense and Other

 

Included in interest expense for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004 are cash charges for coupon interest expense related to the convertible notes payable. Included in non-cash interest expense for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004 is amortization of discount on the convertible notes payable and debt issuance costs. Other expenses include fees for the bank line of credit and the letter of credit.

 

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Comprehensive Income (Loss)

 

The Company has no material components of other comprehensive income or loss and, accordingly, the Comprehensive Income (Loss) is the same as the net income (loss) for all periods presented.

 

Business Concentrations and Credit Risk

 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a concentration of credit risk principally consist of cash, cash equivalents, short-term investments, and trade receivables. The Company currently invests the majority of its cash in money market funds and maintains them with several financial institutions with high credit ratings. The Company also invests in debt instruments of the U.S. government and its agencies and corporate issuers with high credit ratings. As part of its cash management process, the Company performs periodic evaluations of the relative credit ratings of these financial institutions. The Company has not experienced any credit losses on its cash, cash equivalents, or short-term investments.

 

The majority of the Company’s customers are concentrated in the United States. The Company is subject to a minimal amount of credit risk related to these customers as service revenue is primarily obtained through credit card sales. DIRECTV represented approximately 15% and 14% of net revenues for the six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. The Company evaluates its outstanding accounts receivable each period for collectibility. This evaluation involves assessing the aging of the amounts due to the Company and reviewing the credit-worthiness of each customer. Based on this evaluation, the Company records an allowance for accounts receivable that are estimated to not be collectible.

 

The Company is dependent on single suppliers for several key components and services. The Company does not have contracts or arrangements with such suppliers. Instead, the Company purchases these components and services by submitting purchase orders with these companies. The Company does have an agreement with Tribune Media Services, its sole supplier of programming guide data for the TiVo service. If these suppliers fail to perform their obligations, the Company may be unable to find alternative suppliers or deliver its products and services to its customers on time or at all.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In November 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 151, “Inventory Costs-an Amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4” (FAS 151). FAS 151 amends ARB 43, Chapter 4, to clarify that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) should be recognized as current-period charges. In addition, this Statement requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. The provisions of this Statement are effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The adoption of the provisions of FAS 151 is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s financial position or results of operations.

 

On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” which is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation.” Statement 123(R) supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and amends FASB Statement No. 95, “Statement of Cash Flows.” Generally, the approach in Statement 123(R) is similar to the approach described in Statement 123. However, Statement 123(R) requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based upon their fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative. In April 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced the adoption of a new rule that amends the effective date of FAS 123(R). The effective date of the new standard under these new rules for the consolidated financial statements is February 1, 2006, with early adoption permitted. The Company has no plans for early adoption.

 

Statement 123(R) permits public companies to adopt its requirements using one of two methods:

 

  1. A “modified prospective” method in which compensation cost is recognized beginning with the effective date (a) based on the requirements of Statement 123(R) for all share-based payments granted after the effective date; and (b) based on the requirements of Statement 123 for all awards granted to employees prior to the effective date of Statement 123(R) that remain unvested on the effective date.

 

  2. A “modified retrospective” method which includes the requirements of the modified prospective method described above, but also permits entities to restate based on the amounts previously recognized under Statement 123 for purposes of pro forma disclosures either (a) all prior periods presented; or (b) prior interim periods of the year of adoption.

 

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The Company is currently evaluating which of the two methods it will adopt.

 

As permitted by Statement 123, the Company currently accounts for share-based payments to employees using the intrinsic value method and, as such, generally recognizes no compensation cost for employee stock options. Accordingly, the adoption of Statement 123(R)’s fair value method will have a significant impact on the Company’s results of operations, although it will have no impact on its overall financial position based on its current share based awards to employees. The impact of adoption of Statement 123(R) cannot be predicted at this time because it will depend on levels of share-based payments granted in the future, the valuation model used to value the options and other variables. However, had the Company adopted Statement 123(R) in prior periods, the impact of that standard would have approximated the impact of Statement 123 as described in the stock compensation disclosure included in Note 3 to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

3. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION PLANS

 

The Company has stock option plans and an Employee Stock Purchase Plan (“ESPP”), under which officers, employees, consultants and non-employee directors may be granted options to purchase shares of the Company’s authorized but un-issued or reacquired common stock, and may also be granted restricted stock and other stock awards. The Company’s stock option plans are accounted for under the intrinsic value recognition and measurement principles of APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and related interpretations. During the six months ended July 31, 2005, options to purchase 4,847,950 shares were granted under the Company’s stock option plans at exercise prices equal to the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted with an exercise price equal to fair market value on date of grant, during the six months ended July 31, 2005 was $4.57 per share. During the six months ended July 31, 2005, 30,510 shares of unvested restricted stock that had been granted to employees were retired due to forfeiture resulting in a reversal of $357,000 of deferred compensation. This offset an increase of $2.3 million in deferred compensation that was recognized upon the issuance of 350,000 shares of restricted stock to the Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to his employment contract. The corresponding non-cash stock compensation expense will be recognized ratably over the 48 month vesting period. These shares of restricted stock had a market value on the date of issuance of $6.52 per share and vest 25% on the anniversary date of his employment with the first vesting to occur on July 31, 2006.

 

Pursuant to his employment contract, the Chief Executive Officer was also granted 1,000,000 shares of stock appreciation rights with an exercise price $6.52, which was the fair market value on the date of issuance. These stock appreciation rights vest ratably over 48 months. The Company did not record any deferred compensation or non-cash stock compensation expense as of July 31, 2005, as the market value of the stock on that date was below exercise price. Deferred compensation will be re-measured quarterly based on the market value as of the last trading day of the quarter. Non-cash stock compensation expense will be amortized on an accelerated basis over the vesting period of the individual award consistent with the method described in Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Interpretation 28, “Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans.”

 

There were 245,655 shares issued to employees under the Company’s ESPP during the six months ended July 31, 2005. The weighted average fair value of the offerings to purchase ESPP shares for the six months ended July 31, 2005 was $2.58 per share. During the six months ended July 31, 2005, a reversal of $419,000 in stock based compensation expense was recorded as a result of the forfeiture of unvested restricted common stock. Stock based compensation benefit recognized for the six months ended July 31, 2005 was $117,000.

 

During the six months ended July 31, 2004, options to purchase 2,795,450 shares were granted under the stock option plans at exercise prices equal to the market price of the underlying common stock on the date of grant. There were no stock options granted with exercise prices less than market price at the date of grant during this period. The weighted average fair value of the stock options granted during the six months ended July 31, 2004 was $3.18 per share. In addition to the stock options granted during the six months ended July 31, 2004, 16,852 shares of unvested restricted stock that had been granted to an employee were retired due to forfeiture resulting in a reversal of $144,000 of deferred compensation. There were 227,517 shares issued to employees under the Company’s ESPP during the six months ended July 31, 2004. The weighted average fair value of the offerings to purchase these ESPP shares for the six months ended July 31, 2004 was $2.06 per share. Stock-based compensation expense recognized for the six months ended July 31, 2004 was $550,000.

 

The following table illustrates the effect on the Company’s net income (loss) and basic and diluted income (loss) per share as if the Company had applied the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS No. 123, as amended, to options granted

 

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under the Company’s stock option plans and under the Company’s ESPP for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004:

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except per share data)  

Net income (loss), as reported

   $ 240     $ (10,760 )   $ (617 )   $ (19,827 )

Add back: stock based compensation expense (benefit) recognized, net of related tax effects

     (59 )     252       (117 )     550  

Pro forma effect of stock based compensation expense determined under the fair value method for all awards, net of related tax effects

     (2,497 )     (2,741 )     (4,833 )     (6,138 )
    


 


 


 


Net loss, proforma

   $ (2,316 )   $ (13,249 )   $ (5,567 )   $ (25,415 )
    


 


 


 


Net income (loss), per common share basic and diluted, as reported

   $ 0.00     $ (0.13 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.25 )
    


 


 


 


Net income (loss), per common share basic and diluted, proforma

   $ (0.03 )   $ (0.17 )   $ (0.07 )   $ (0.32 )
    


 


 


 


 

The fair values of stock options issued to employees and non-employee directors and ESPP offerings were estimated using the Black Scholes Option-pricing model assuming no expected dividends and the following weighted average assumptions:

 

     ESPP

    Stock Options

 
     Six Months Ended July 31,

 

Weighted Average Assumptions


   2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 

Expected term (in years)

   0.5     0.5     4.0     4.0  

Volatility

   60 %   53 %   61 %   51 %

Average risk free interest rate

   3.16 %   1.35 %   3.67 %   3.34 %

 

The Black Scholes Option-pricing model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions, including the option’s expected life and the expected price volatility of the underlying stock.

 

4. NET INCOME (LOSS) PER COMMON SHARE

 

Basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share is calculated in accordance with SFAS No. 128, “Earnings Per Share.” Basic net income (loss) per common share is computed by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, excluding repurchasable common stock and unvested restricted stock. Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing net income by the weighted-average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the period increased to include the number of additional shares of common stock that would have been outstanding if the dilutive potential shares of common stock had been issued. The dilutive effect of outstanding options and warrants is reflected in diluted earnings per common share by application of the treasury stock method. Under the treasury stock method, an increase in the fair market value of the Company’s common stock can result in a greater dilutive effect from outstanding options and warrants. Additionally, the exercise of employee stock options and the vesting of warrants can result in a greater dilutive effect on earnings per common share.

 

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The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share:

 

     Three Months Ended
July 31,


    Six Months Ended
July 31,


 
     2005

   2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except per share amounts)  

Numerator:

                               

Net income (loss)

   $ 240    $ (10,760 )   $ (617 )   $ (19,827 )
    

  


 


 


Denominator:

                               

Weighted average shares outstanding, excluding repurchasable common stock and unvested restricted stock

     83,506      80,197       82,943       79,998  

Weighted average effect of dilutive securities:

                               

Stock options

     2,598      —         —         —    

Convertible warrants

     375      —         —         —    
    

  


 


 


Denominator for diluted net income (loss) per common share

     86,479      80,197       82,943       79,998  
    

  


 


 


Basic net income (loss) per common share

   $ 0.00    $ (0.13 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.25 )
    

  


 


 


Diluted net income (loss) per common share

   $ 0.00    $ (0.13 )   $ (0.01 )   $ (0.25 )
    

  


 


 


 

The weighted average number of shares outstanding used in the computation of basic and diluted net income (loss) per common share does not include the effect of the following potentially outstanding common shares. The effects of these potentially outstanding shares were not included in the calculation of diluted net income (loss) per common share because the effect would have been antidilutive:

 

     As of July 31,

     2005

   2004

     (In thousands)

Repurchasable common stock

   —      537

Unvested restricted stock outstanding

   358    69

Common shares issuable for convertible notes payable

   —      2,619

Options to purchase common stock

   8,562    15,059

Potential shares to be issued from ESPP

   533    486

Warrants to purchase common stock

   2,192    4,844
    
  

Total

   11,645    23,614
    
  

 

There were approximately 18.3 million and 15.1 million options outstanding as of July 31, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Out of the 18.3 million options outstanding as of July 31, 2005, approximately 9.8 million were considered dilutive shares because their exercise prices were less than the Company’s average stock market price during the quarter and were therefore included in the calculation of diluted earning per share and approximately 8.6 million were considered antidilutive because their exercise prices were greater than the Company’s average stock market price during the quarter. All of the 15.1 million options outstanding as of July 31, 2004 were considered antidilutive shares since the Company had a net loss for the quarter ended July 31, 2004.

 

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5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

 

Property and equipment, net consists of the following:

 

     July 31, 2005

    January 31, 2005

 
     (In thousands)  

Furniture and fixtures

   $ 3,149     $ 3,149  

Computer and office equipment

     19,522       17,360  

Lab equipment

     2,153       1,930  

Leasehold improvements

     5,750       4,852  

Capitalized software

     8,677       8,551  
    


 


Total property and equipment

     39,251       35,842  

Less: accumulated depreciation

     (31,478 )     (28,062 )
    


 


Property and equipment, net

   $ 7,773     $ 7,780  
    


 


 

6. CAPITALIZED SOFTWARE AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

 

Capitalized software and intangible assets, net consists of the following:

 

     July 31, 2005

    January 31, 2005

 
     (In thousands)  

Capitalized software

   $ 1,951     $ 1,951  

Intellectual property rights

     4,265       350  
    


 


Capitalized software and intangible assets, gross

     6,216       2,301  

Less: accumulated amortization

     (477 )     (70 )
    


 


Capitalized software and intangible assets, net

   $ 5,739     $ 2,231  
    


 


 

The total expected future annual amortization expense related to capitalize software and intangible assets is calculated on a straight-line basis, using the useful lives of the assets, which range from three to seven years. Estimated annual amortization expense is set forth in the table below:

 

Fiscal Year Ending


   Estimated Annual
Amortization
Expense


     (In thousands)

January 31, 2006 (6 months)

   $ 516

January 31, 2007

     1,033

January 31, 2008

     1,033

January 31, 2009

     1,016

January 31, 2010

     930

January 31, 2011

     559
    

Total

   $ 5,087
    

 

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7. INDEMNIFICATION ARRANGEMENTS AND GUARANTEES

 

Product Warranties

 

The Company’s minimum warranty period to consumers for TiVo-enabled DVRs is 90 days from the date of consumer purchase. Within the minimum warranty period, consumers are offered a no-charge exchange for TiVo-enabled DVRs returned due to product defect. After the minimum warranty period, consumers may exchange a TiVo-enabled DVR with a product defect for a charge. At July 31, 2005 and 2004, the accrued warranty reserve was $709,000 and $611,000, respectively. The Company’s accrued warranty reserve is included in accrued liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets.

 

     2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands)  

Balance at January 31

   $ 675     $ 616  

Additional warranties issued

     136       291  

Adjustments to warranty reserve estimates

     1,034       101  

Settlement during the period

     (1,136 )     (397 )
    


 


Balance at July 31

   $ 709     $ 611  
    


 


 

Indemnification Arrangements

 

The Company undertakes indemnification obligations in its ordinary course of business in connection with, among other things, the licensing of its products, the provision of consulting services, and the issuance of securities. Pursuant to these agreements, the Company may indemnify the other party for certain losses suffered or incurred by the indemnified party, generally its business partners or customers, underwriters or certain investors, in connection with various types of claims, which may include, without limitation, claims of intellectual property infringement, certain tax liabilities, negligence and intentional acts in the performance of services and violations of laws, including certain violations of securities laws. The term of these indemnification obligations is generally perpetual. The Company’s obligation to provide indemnification would arise in the event that a third party filed a claim against one of the parties that was covered by the Company’s indemnification obligation. As an example, if a third party sued a customer for intellectual property infringement and the Company agreed to indemnify that customer against such claims, its obligation would be triggered. In particular, as the Company has disclosed in Note 8, it is currently indemnifying Sony against a claim of intellectual property infringement brought by Command Audio and Humax against a claim of intellectual property infringement brought by EchoStar Technologies Corporation in connection with each companies’ manufacture and sale of TiVo devices.

 

The Company is unable to estimate with any reasonable accuracy the liability that may be incurred pursuant to its indemnification obligations. A few of the variables affecting any such assessment include but are not limited to: the nature of the claim asserted, the relative merits of the claim, the financial ability of the party suing the indemnified party to engage in protracted litigation, the number of parties seeking indemnification, the nature and amount of damages claimed by the party suing the indemnified party and the willingness of such party to engage in settlement negotiations. Due to the nature of the Company’s potential indemnity liability, its indemnification obligations could range from immaterial to having a material adverse impact on its financial position and its ability to continue in the ordinary course of business.

 

Under certain circumstances, the Company may have recourse through its insurance policies that would enable it to recover from its insurance company some or all amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations. The Company does not have any assets held either as collateral or by third parties that, upon the occurrence of an event requiring it to indemnify a customer, the Company could obtain and liquidate to recover all or a portion of the amounts paid pursuant to its indemnification obligations.

 

8. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

 

Legal Matters

 

In September 1999, TiVo received letters from Time Warner, Inc. and Fox Television stating that TiVo’s personal television service exploits these companies’ copyrights without the necessary licenses. The Company believes that the TiVo service does not infringe on these copyrights and believes that there will not be an adverse impact as a result of these letters.

 

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On June 12, 2001, a securities class action lawsuit in which the Company and certain of its officers and directors are named as defendants was filed in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. This action, which is captioned Wercberger v. TiVo et al ., also names several of the underwriters involved in the Company’s initial public offering as defendants. This class action was brought on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of the Company’s common stock from September 30, 1999, the time of its initial public offering, through December 6, 2000. The central allegation in this action is that the underwriters in the initial public offering solicited and received undisclosed commissions from, and entered into undisclosed arrangements with, certain investors who purchased TiVo common stock in the initial public offering and the after-market. The complaint also alleges that the TiVo defendants violated the federal securities laws by failing to disclose in the initial public offering prospectus that the underwriters had engaged in these alleged arrangements. More than 150 issuers have been named in similar lawsuits. In July 2002, an omnibus motion to dismiss all complaints against issuers and individual defendants affiliated with issuers (including the TiVo defendants) was filed by the entire group of issuer defendants in these similar actions. On October 8, 2002, TiVo’s officers were dismissed as defendants in the lawsuit. On February 19, 2003, the court in this action issued its decision on defendants’ omnibus motion to dismiss. This decision dismissed the Section 10(b) claim as to TiVo but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim as to TiVo and virtually all of the other issuer-defendants.

 

On June 26, 2003, the plaintiffs announced a proposed settlement with the Company and the other issuer defendants. The proposed settlement provides that the plaintiffs will be guaranteed $1.0 billion dollars in recoveries by the insurers of the Company and other issuer defendants. Accordingly, any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is expected to be borne by the Company’s insurers in accordance with the proposed settlement. In addition, the Company and the other settling issuer defendants will assign to the plaintiffs certain claims that they may have against the underwriters. If recoveries in excess of $1.0 billion dollars are obtained by the plaintiffs from the underwriters, the Company’s and the other issuer defendants’ monetary obligations to the class plaintiffs will be satisfied. Furthermore, the settlement is subject to a hearing on fairness and approval by the Federal District Court overseeing the IPO Litigation. On February 15, 2005, the Court issued an order preliminarily approving the terms of the proposed settlement. The Court also certified the settlement classes and class representatives for purposes of the proposed settlement only. On August 31, 2005, the Court issued an order scheduling a fairness hearing for April 2006 to determine whether the proposed settlement should be approved. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation and assignment of claims against the underwriters, and because the settlement has not yet been finally approved by the Federal District Court, the ultimate outcome of the matter cannot be predicted. In accordance with the Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies”, the Company believes any contingent liability related to this claim is not probable or estimable and therefore no amounts have been accrued in regards to this matter as of July 31, 2005.

 

On September 25, 2001, Pause Technology LLC filed a complaint against TiVo in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Reissue Patent No. 36,801, entitled “Time Delayed Digital Video System Using Concurrent Recording and Playback.” Pause Technology alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that TiVo has willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell, and using within the United States the TiVo digital video recorder. Pause Technology seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against TiVo’s operations. It also seeks attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 6, 2004, TiVo obtained a favorable summary judgment ruling in the case in the District Court. The court ruled that the Company’s software versions 2.0 and above do not infringe Pause Technology’s patent, and accordingly has ordered that judgment be entered in the Company’s favor. On June 16, 2004, Pause Technology filed an appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit appealing the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. On April 7, 2005, the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts issued an Amended Final Judgment dismissing without prejudice the Company’s remaining cross-claim for patent invalidity as being moot in light of the February 9, 2004 judgment in favor of TiVo against Pause Technology as to all claims of infringement in Pause Technology’s complaint. On April 8, 2005, Pause Technology filed a notice of appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit appealing the April 7, 2005 Amended Final Judgment. On August 16, 2005, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed in full the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. The Company is incurring expenses in connection with this litigation that may become material, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, its business could be harmed.

 

On February 5, 2002, Sony Corporation notified TiVo that Command Audio Corporation had filed a complaint against Sony Electronics, Inc. on February 2, 2002 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleges that, in connection with its sale of digital video recorders and other products, Sony infringes upon two patents owned by Command Audio, (U.S. Patent Nos. 5,590,195 (“Information Dissemination Using Various Transmission Modes”) and

 

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6,330,334 (“Method and System for Information Dissemination Using Television Signals”). The complaint seeks injunctive relief, compensatory and treble damages and Command Audio’s costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. Under the terms of the Company’s agreement with Sony governing the distribution of certain digital video recorders that enable the TiVo service, TiVo is required to indemnify Sony against any and all claims, damages, liabilities, costs and expenses relating to claims that its technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. On June 15, 2004, the Court denied Sony’s motion for summary judgment of invalidity and granted in part and denied in part Command Audio’s motion for summary judgment of infringement. The court found that certain Sony products, including Sony’s accused products that enable the TiVo service, literally infringed certain claims of the ‘334 patent but did not rule on the validity or enforceability of the patents. A trial limited to certain of Sony’s allegations that the patents-in-suit are unenforceable was conducted in October 2004. On January 7, 2005, the Court issued a Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law ruling that the patents-in-suit are not unenforceable based on the allegations presented in the October 2004 trial. On May 12, 2005, the Court granted Sony’s motion for partial summary judgment regarding damages. The Court found that Command Audio may not recover any royalties or other damages for sales of allegedly infringing products by Sony that occurred prior to December 4, 2001, the date on which the United States Patent and Trademark Office issued a certificate of correction for the ‘195 patent. Trial of the remaining issues, including infringement of certain asserted patent claims, validity of all the asserted patent claims and Sony’s remaining allegations regarding the enforceability of the patents, is scheduled to commence in October 2005, although on August 20, 2005, the Court issued an order suspending the existing deadlines for pre-trial submissions in light of discussions between Sony and Command Audio concerning a possible negotiated resolution of the matter. The Company believes Sony has meritorious defenses against this lawsuit; however, due to its indemnification obligations, the Company is incurring expenses in connection with this litigation. Since February 2002, the Company has incurred $5.6 million in legal expenses. The outcome of this matter and the extent of TiVo’s potential exposure associated with it are not presently determinable. If Sony were to lose this lawsuit, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

On January 5, 2004, TiVo filed a complaint against EchoStar Communications Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389, entitled “Multimedia Time Warping System.” On January 15, 2004, the Company amended its complaint to add EchoStar DBS Corporation, EchoStar Technologies Corporation, and Echosphere Limited Liability Corporation as additional defendants. The Company alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that the defendants have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell and/or selling digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software, and/or personal television services in the United States. On March 9, 2005, the Court denied motions to dismiss and transfer the Company’s patent infringement case against EchoStar Communications Corporation and its affiliates. On August 18, 2005, the Court issued a claim construction order. The Court scheduled jury selection to begin October 11 and 12, 2005 and trial is scheduled to begin October 24, 2005 in Marshall, Texas. The Company seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against the defendants’ further infringement of the patent. The Company could incur material expenses in this litigation.

 

On April 29, 2005, EchoStar Technologies Corporation filed a complaint against TiVo and Humax USA, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,774,186 (“Interruption Tolerant Video Program Viewing”), 6,529,685 B2 (“Multimedia Direct Access Storage Device and Formatting Method”), 6,208,804 B1 (“Multimedia Direct Access Storage Device and Formatting Method”) and 6,173,112 B1 (“Method and System for Recording In-Progress Broadcast Programs”). The complaint alleges that EchoStar Technologies Corporation is the owner by assignment of the patents allegedly infringed. The complaint further alleges that the TiVo and Humax have infringed, contributorily infringed and/or actively induced infringement of the patents by making, using, selling or importing digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software and/or personal television services in the United States, and that such infringement is willful and ongoing. Under the terms of the Company’s agreement with Humax governing the distribution of certain DVRs that enable the TiVo service, the Company is required to indemnify Humax against any claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses relating to claims that the Company’s technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. On May 10, 2005, Humax formally notified TiVo of the claims against it in this lawsuit as required by its agreement with Humax. On July 1, 2005, the defendants filed their answer and counterclaims. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, it could be forced to incur material expenses in connection with this lawsuit and/or as a result of its indemnification obligations and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

On August 5, 2004, Compression Labs, Inc. filed a complaint against TiVo Inc., Acer American Corporation, AudioVox Corporation, BancTec, Inc., BenQ America Corporation, Color Dreams, Inc. (d/b/a StarDot Technologies), Google Inc., ScanSoft, Inc., Sun Microsystems Inc., Veo Inc., and Yahoo! Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging infringement, inducement of others to infringe, and contributory infringement of U.S. Patent No.

 

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4,698,672, entitled “Coding System For Reducing Redundancy.” The complaint alleges that Compression Labs, Inc. is the owner of this patent and has the exclusive rights to sue and recover for infringement thereof. The complaint further alleges that the defendants have infringed, induced infringement, and contributorily infringed this patent by selling devices and/or systems in the United States, at least portions of which are designed to be at least partly compliant with the JPEG standard. On February 16, 2005, the Court ordered the case transferred to the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The Company intends to defend this action vigorously; however, it could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

In August and September 2004, Phillip Igbinadolor, on behalf of himself, filed complaints against TiVo, Sony Corporation, Sony Electronics, Inc., Sony Corporation of America, JVC, Clarrion Corporation of America, and Philips Consumer Electronics Company in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 395,884 and 6,779,196 and U.S. Trademark No. 2,260,689, each relating to an “integrated car dubbing system.” The complaints were consolidated into one action captioned Igbinadolor v. Sony Corporation et al . On November 10, 2004, the Company filed its answer, affirmative defenses and counterclaims and on January 31, 2005, the Company filed a motion for summary judgment. On July 18, 2005, the Court granted summary judgment in favor of the Company and the other defendants on the ground that, as a matter of law, there is no infringement of either the patents or the trademark. On August 30, 2005, Mr. Igbinadolor filed a notice of appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit appealing the July 18, 2005 summary judgment order. The Company is incurring expenses in connection with this litigation that may become material in the future, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, the Company’s business could be harmed.

 

The Company is involved in numerous lawsuits in the ordinary course of its business. The Company assesses potential liabilities in connection with these lawsuits under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 5, “Accounting for Contingencies.” The Company accrues an estimated loss for these loss contingencies if both of the following conditions are met: information available prior to issuance of the financial statements indicates that it is probable that a liability has been incurred at the date of the financial statements and the amount of loss can be reasonably estimated. As of July 31, 2005, the Company had not accrued a liability for any of the lawsuits filed against it as the conditions for accrual have not been met. The Company expenses legal costs as they are incurred.

 

Facilities Leases

 

In October 1999, the Company entered into an office lease with WIX/NSJ Real Estate Limited Partnership for its headquarters. The lease began on March 10, 2000 and has a seven-year term. Monthly rent is approximately $265,000 with built-in base rent escalations periodically throughout the lease term. The lease is classified as an operating lease. Rent expense is recognized using the straight-line method over the lease term and for the six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004 was $1.5 million and $1.5 million, respectively. Additionally, the Company delivered a letter of credit totaling $476,683, to WIX/NSJ Real Estate Limited Partnership as collateral for performance by the Company of all of its obligations under the lease. The letter of credit is to remain in effect the entire term of the lease.

 

The Company’s corporate headquarters consists of two buildings located in Alviso, California. Operating lease cash payments for the six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004 were $1.7 million and $1.5 million, respectively.

 

Additionally, the Company leases office space in Berkshire, United Kingdom under an operating lease that expires in March 2006. The Company abandoned this facility in May 2002 and recorded a restructuring accrual of $367,000, of which $85,000 remains as of July 31, 2005.

 

Future minimum operating lease payments as of July 31, 2005, were as follows:

 

Fiscal Year Ending


   Lease
Payments


     (In thousands)

January 31, 2006 (6 months)

   $ 1,668

January 31, 2007

     3,295

January 31, 2008

     273
    

Total

   $ 5,236
    

 

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9. COMCAST AGREEMENT

 

On March 15, 2005, the Company entered into a non-exclusive licensing and marketing agreement with Comcast STB Software DVR, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Comcast Corporation, and Comcast Corporation, as guarantor of Comcast STB’s obligations under the agreement. Pursuant to this agreement, the Company has agreed to develop a TiVo-branded software solution for deployment on Comcast’s DVR platforms, which would enable any TiVo-specific DVR and networking features requested by Comcast, such as WishList ® searches, Season Pass recordings, home media features, and TiVoToGo transfers. In addition, the Company has agreed to develop an advertising management system for deployment on Comcast platforms to enable the provision of local and national advertising to Comcast subscribers.

 

Under the agreement, Comcast paid TiVo an upfront fee that the Company has recorded as deferred revenue. To date the development work is in the preliminary stages as the companies work towards an agreement of the engineering professional services to be delivered. Development costs incurred to date have not been significant.

 

Comcast will pay a recurring monthly fee per Comcast subscriber who receives the TiVo service through Comcast. Comcast will also pay the Company fees for engineering services for the development and integration of the TiVo service software solution (subject to adjustment under certain circumstances) and the advertising management system.

 

The initial term of this agreement is for seven years from completion of the TiVo service software solution, with Comcast permitted to renew for additional 1-year terms for up to a total of 8 additional years as long as certain deployment thresholds have been achieved. During the term of the agreement, TiVo will provide Comcast with certain customer and maintenance support and will provide certain additional development work. TiVo will have the continuing right to sell certain types of advertising in connection with the TiVo service offered through Comcast. TiVo will also have a limited right to sell certain types of advertising on other Comcast DVR set-top boxes enabled with the advertising management system, subject to Comcast’s option to terminate such right in exchange for certain advertising-related payments. Development and deployment of the TiVo service software solution and advertising management system is targeted to occur within two years from the date of the agreement, with certain consequences, including, but not limited to, termination of the agreement, in the event development of the TiVo service software solution has not been completed by such date. As part of this agreement, Comcast is receiving a non-exclusive, non-transferable license to the Company’s intellectual property in order to deploy the TiVo service software solution and advertising management system, including certain trademark branding rights and a covenant not to assert under our patents, which rights extend only to Comcast Corporation, its affiliates, and certain of its vendors and suppliers with respect to Comcast products and services. Such non-exclusive, non-transferable license to the Company’s intellectual property will, under certain circumstances, continue after the termination of this agreement. In addition, Comcast is entitled to certain most favored customer terms as compared with other multi-channel video distributors who license certain TiVo technology. Pursuant to the terms of this agreement, Comcast has the right to terminate the agreement in the event the Company is the subject of certain change of control transactions involving any of certain specified companies.

 

I TEM  2. M ANAGEMENT S D ISCUSSION AND A NALYSIS OF F INANCIAL C ONDITION AND R ESULTS OF O PERATIONS

 

Overview

 

TiVo is a leading provider of technology and services for digital video recorder, or DVRs, a rapidly growing consumer electronics category. Our subscription-based TiVo service improves home entertainment by providing consumers with an easy way to record, watch, and control television and is designed to make the TiVo DVR the focal point of the digital living room, a center for sharing and experiencing television, music, photos, and other content. Today, through agreements with leading cable operators such as, Comcast, Cablevision, and Cebridge Connections, a partnership with the National Cable Television Cooperative and our network of leading consumer electronics retailers, we are capitalizing on the strength of our brand and the popularity of our technology among consumers to expand the distribution of the TiVo DVR into new markets. The subscription-based TiVo service also provides the television industry with a platform for advertisers, content delivery, and audience measurement research. As our brand awareness increases and consumer adoption grows, we remain focused on extending and protecting our intellectual property, promoting, and leveraging our brand for future partnerships, and improving our market share and financial position. Our financial strength and ability to adapt to the current market and economic conditions are dependent in part on our generation of positive cash flow, effective management of working capital and funding commitments, as well as the growth of our business.

 

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Executive Overview and Outlook

 

During the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, we experienced growth in our overall subscription base and subscription revenues. Through our continued investment in marketing and research and development, we increased our subscription base, with the majority of subscriptions net additions coming from DIRECTV. While we reached profitability for the three months ended July 31, 2005, we have elected to invest in a substantial marketing campaign during the second half of fiscal year 2006 to promote and leverage the TiVo brand to expand our subscription base and future partnerships. For the remainder of fiscal year 2006, we plan to increase our spending on subscription acquisition activities to more aggressively grow our market share by acquiring more new subscriptions than we believe we otherwise would without such increased investment. As a consequence, we announced we will forgo reaching our goal of sustainable profitability by the fourth quarter of fiscal year 2006.

 

The following table sets forth selected information for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004:

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands)     (In thousands)  

Service and technology revenues

   $ 40,674     $ 27,760     $ 80,694     $ 52,934  

Net revenues

   $ 39,335     $ 39,776     $ 86,243     $ 74,299  

Cost of revenues

     (14,023 )     (32,264 )     (38,531 )     (56,669 )

Operating expenses

     (25,761 )     (17,958 )     (49,633 )     (36,796 )
    


 


 


 


Loss from operations

   $ (449 )   $ (10,446 )   $ (1,921 )   $ (19,166 )
    


 


 


 


Cash flows from operating activities

                   $ (6,577 )   $ (13,771 )
                    


 


 

Service and Technology Revenues . Our service and technology revenues increased $12.9 million or 47% during the three months ended July 31, 2005 compared to the same prior-year period. This increase was primarily due to the growth in our subscription base of approximately 1.7 million net new subscriptions during the twelve months ended July 31, 2005.

 

Net Revenues . Our net revenues decreased by $441,000 or 1% during the three months ended July 31, 2005 compared to the same prior-year period. While service revenues increased significantly and rebate, revenue share and other payments to the channel decreased, those benefits were offset by lower hardware and technology revenues.

 

Cost of Revenues . Our total costs of revenues, which includes cost of service revenues, cost of technology revenues, and cost of hardware revenues, decreased by $18.2 million or 57% during the three months ended July 31, 2005. The cost of service and technology revenues for the three months ended July 31, 2005 decreased by $2.1 million, or 22%, compared to the same prior-year period. The cost of hardware revenues for three months ended July 31, 2005 decreased by $16.2 million, or 71%, compared to the same prior-year period, primarily due to decreased hardware sales volume arising from increased competition.

 

Operating Expenses . Our operating expenses, including our research and development, sales and marketing, and general and administrative expenses, increased $7.8 million or 43% during the three months ended July 31, 2005 compared to the same prior-year period. The largest contributor to the increase in operating expenses was legal expense.

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities . Our net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended July 31, 2005 decreased by $7.2 million, or 52%, primarily due to the reduction in out net loss.

 

We continue to be subject to a number of risks, including delays in product and service developments; competitive service offerings; lack of market acceptance and uncertainty of future profitability; dependence on third parties for manufacturing, marketing, and sales support; intellectual property claims against us; and our high degree of dependence upon our relationship with DIRECTV for subscription growth. We conduct our operations through one reportable segment. We anticipate that our business will continue to be seasonal, and we expect to generate a significant number of our annual new subscriptions during and

 

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immediately after the holiday shopping season. During the six months ended July 31, 2005, we had a net loss of $(617,000). As of July 31, 2005, we had an accumulated deficit of $(657.7) million.

 

Key Business Metrics

 

Management periodically reviews certain key business metrics in order to evaluate our operations, allocate resources, and drive financial performance in our business. Management believes it is useful to monitor these metrics together and not individually as it does not make business decisions based upon any single metric.

 

Subscriptions. Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate TiVo’s relative position in the marketplace and to forecast future potential service revenues. Below is a table that details the growth in our subscription base during the past eight quarters. The TiVo-Owned lines refer to subscriptions sold directly by TiVo to consumers who have TiVo-enabled DVRs. The DIRECTV lines refer to subscriptions sold by DIRECTV to consumers who have integrated DIRECTV satellite receivers with TiVo service. Additionally, we provide a breakdown of the percent of TiVo-Owned subscriptions for which consumers pay a recurring fee, as opposed to a one-time product lifetime fee.

 

     Three Months Ended

 

(Subscriptions in thousands)


   Jul 31,
2005


    April 30,
2005


    Jan 31,
2005


    Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    April 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


 

TiVo-Owned Subscription Gross Additions:

   77     104     276     119     78     82     137     64  

Subscription Net Additions:

                                                

TiVo-Owned

   40     72     251     103     63     68     130     59  

DIRECTV

   214     247     447     316     225     196     200     150  
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Subscription Net Additions

   254     319     698     419     288     264     330     209  

Cumulative Subscriptions:

                                                

TiVo-Owned

   1,253     1,213     1,141     890     787     724     656     526  

DIRECTV

   2,321     2,107     1,860     1,413     1,097     872     676     476  
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Cumulative Subscriptions

   3,574     3,320     3,001     2,303     1,884     1,596     1,332     1,002  

% of TiVo-Owned Cumulative Subscriptions paying recurring fees

   51 %   51 %   50 %   46 %   43 %   42 %   40 %   36 %

 

We define a “subscription” as a contract referencing a TiVo-enabled DVR for which (i) a consumer has paid for the TiVo service and (ii) service is not canceled. We are not aware of any uniform standards for defining subscriptions and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.

 

TiVo-Owned subscription gross additions for the three months ended July 31, 2005 were essentially flat compared to the same prior-year period due to increased competition from DIRECTV’s TiVo products, as well as from other DVR distributors. The percent of cumulative TiVo-Owned subscriptions paying recurring fees increased to 51% during the quarter due to the fact that 71% of TiVo-Owned subscription gross additions chose a monthly fee option. DIRECTV subscription net additions were slightly lower than the same prior-year period.

 

We offer a product lifetime subscription, under which consumers can purchase a subscription that is valid for the lifetime of a particular DVR. We count these as subscriptions until both of the following conditions are met: (i) the four-year period we use to recognize lifetime subscription revenues ends, and (ii) the related DVR has not made contact to the TiVo service within the prior six-month period. As of July 31, 2005, 83,000 product lifetime subscriptions, or approximately 2.3% of our total installed subscription base had exceeded the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues but had made contact to the TiVo service within the prior six months. We continue to incur costs of services for these subscriptions without corresponding revenue.

 

In the past, we offered to some of our consumer electronics partners a reduced functionality version of the TiVo service called TiVo Basic that does not involve a fee to consumers. DVRs with the TiVo Basic service that have not upgraded to the TiVo service are not included in our subscription totals.

 

TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month. Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate our ability to retain existing subscribers by providing services that are competitive in the market. Management believes factors such as service enhancements, higher customer satisfaction, and improved customer support,

 

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may lower this metric. Conversely, management believes factors such as increased competition and increased price sensitivity may cause our TiVo-Owned churn rate per month to increase.

 

We define the TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month as the TiVo-Owned subscription (including both monthly and product lifetime subscriptions) cancellations per month in the period divided by the average TiVo-Owned subscriptions for the period. We calculate average subscriptions by adding the average subscriptions for each month and dividing by the number of months in the period. We calculate average subscriptions for each month by adding the beginning and ending subscriptions for the month and dividing by two. We are not aware of any uniform standards for calculating churn and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.

 

The following table presents our TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month information:

 

     Three Months Ended

 
     Jul 31,
2005


    April 30,
2005


    Jan 31,
2005


    Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    April 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


 

Average TiVo-Owned subscriptions

   1,233     1,180     995     835     755     691     581     494  

Tivo-Owned subscription cancellations

   (37 )   (32 )   (25 )   (16 )   (15 )   (14 )   (7 )   (5 )
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Tivo-Owned Churn Rate per month

   -1.0 %   -0.9 %   -0.8 %   -0.6 %   -0.7 %   -0.7 %   -0.4 %   -0.3 %
    

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

The TiVo-Owned Churn Rate per month was 1.0% for the three months ended July 31, 2005, compared to 0.7% per month in the same prior-year period. We also count as churn those product lifetime subscriptions that have both reached the end of the four-year revenue recognition period and whose DVRs have not contacted the TiVo service within the prior six-months. The TiVo-Owned Churn rate per month of 1.0% for the three months ended July 31, 2005, is comprised of .1% attributable to these product lifetime subscriptions and .9% from cancellation of recurring subscriptions. Conversely, we do not count as churn product lifetime subscriptions that have not reached the end of the four-year revenue recognition period, regardless of whether such subscriptions continue to contact the TiVo service. We anticipate our TiVo-Owned Churn Rate will increase in future periods as a result of increased competition in the marketplace and increased churn from these product lifetime subscriptions.

 

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Subscription Acquisition Cost (“SAC”) . Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate trends in the efficiency of our marketing programs and subscription acquisition strategies. We define SAC as our total acquisition costs divided by TiVo-Owned subscription gross additions. We define total acquisition costs as the sum of sales and marketing expenses, rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel, minus hardware gross margin (defined as hardware revenues less cost of hardware revenues). We do not include DIRECTV subscription gross additions in our calculation of SAC because we incur limited or no acquisition costs for new DIRECTV subscriptions. We are not aware of any uniform standards for calculating total acquisition costs or SAC and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.

 

     Three Months Ended

 
     Jul 31,
2005


    April 30,
2005


    Jan 31,
2005


    Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    April 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


 
     (In thousands, except SAC)  

Subscription Acquisition Costs

        

Sales and marketing expenses

   $ 7,574     $ 6,830     $ 11,529     $ 14,212     $ 6,026     $ 5,600     $ 4,742     $ 5,704  

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     5,988       3,638       25,188       17,944       6,576       4,988       4,114       3,897  

Hardware revenues

     (4,649 )     (10,526 )     (50,452 )     (27,894 )     (18,592 )     (14,337 )     (25,537 )     (24,479 )

Cost of hardware revenues

     6,565       15,642       52,267       28,486       22,720       16,850       26,687       25,413  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total Acquisition Costs

     15,478       15,584       38,532       32,748       16,730       13,101       10,006       10,535  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


TiVo-Owned Subscription Gross Additions

     77       104       276       119       78       82       137       64  

Subscription Acquisition Costs (SAC)

   $ 201     $ 150     $ 140     $ 275     $ 214     $ 160     $ 73     $ 165  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


     Twelve Months Ended

 
     Jul 31,
2005


    April 30,
2005


    Jan 31,
2005


    Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    April 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


 
     (In thousands, except SAC)  

Subscription Acquisition Costs

        

Sales and marketing expenses

   $ 40,145     $ 38,597     $ 37,367     $ 30,580     $ 22,072     $ 20,548     $ 18,947     $ 18,170  

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     52,758       53,346       54,696       33,622       19,575       11,790       9,159       10,257  

Hardware revenues

     (93,521 )     (107,464 )     (111,275 )     (86,360 )     (82,945 )     (72,410 )     (72,882 )     (61,856 )

Cost of hardware revenues

     102,960       119,115       120,323       94,743       91,670       77,508       74,836       62,197  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total Acquisition Costs

     102,342       103,594       101,111       72,585       50,372       37,436       30,060       28,768  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


TiVo-Owned Subscription Gross Additions

     576       576       555       416       362       323       282       224  

Subscription Acquisition Costs (SAC)

   $ 178     $ 180     $ 182     $ 174     $ 139     $ 116     $ 106     $ 128  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

During the three months ended July 31, 2005, our total acquisition costs were $15.5 million, and SAC was $201. Comparatively, total acquisition costs for the three months ended July 31, 2004 were $16.7 million and SAC was $214. SAC decreased by $13 or 6.1% for the three months ended July 31, 2005 compared to the prior-year period. During the twelve months ended July 31, 2005, our total acquisition costs increased by $52.0 million from the prior twelve months ended July 31, 2004, and SAC increased by $39 from $139 to $178 for the twelve months ended July 31, 2004 and 2005 respectively, due primarily to increased rebate expenses and payments to retailers.

 

As a result of the seasonal nature of our subscription growth, SAC varies significantly during the year. Management primarily reviews this metric on an annual basis due to the timing difference between our recognition of promotional program expense and the subsequent addition of the related subscription acquisition. For example, we have historically incurred increased sales and marketing expense during our third quarter in anticipation of new subscriptions that may be added during the fourth quarter and in subsequent periods in addition to those added during the third quarter.

 

Average Revenue Per Subscription (“ARPU”). Management reviews this metric, and believes it may be useful to investors, in order to evaluate the potential of our subscription base to generate revenues from a variety of sources, including subscription fees, advertising, and audience measurement research. ARPU does not include rebates, revenue share and other payments to channel that reduce our GAAP revenues, and as a result, you should not use ARPU as a substitute for measures of financial performance calculated in accordance with GAAP. Management believes it is useful to consider this metric excluding the costs associated with rebates, revenue share and other payments to channel because of the discretionary nature of these expenses and because management believes these expenses are more appropriately monitored as part of SAC. We

 

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are not aware of any uniform standards for calculating ARPU and caution that our presentation may not be consistent with that of other companies.

 

We calculate ARPU per month for TiVo-Owned subscriptions by subtracting DIRECTV-related service revenues (which includes DIRECTV subscription service revenues and DIRECTV-related advertising revenues) from our total reported service revenues and dividing the result by the number of months in the period. We then divide by average TiVo-Owned subscriptions for the period, calculated as described above for churn rate. The following table shows this calculation and reconciles ARPU for TiVo-Owned subscriptions to our reported service and technology revenues:

 

     Three Months Ended

 

TiVo-Owned Average Revenue
per Subscription


   Jul 31,
2005


    April 30,
2005


    Jan 31,
2005


    Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    April 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


 
     (In thousands, except ARPU)  

Service and Technology revenues

   $ 40,674     $ 40,020     $ 34,165     $ 28,377     $ 27,760     $ 25,174     $ 21,209     $ 22,674  

Less: Technology revenues

     (425 )     (1,676 )     (1,169 )     (699 )     (3,427 )     (3,015 )     (2,126 )     (6,656 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total Service revenues

     40,249       38,344       32,996       27,678       24,333       22,159       19,083       16,018  

Less: DIRECTV-related service revenues

     (7,485 )     (7,099 )     (6,762 )     (5,782 )     (4,739 )     (3,815 )     (3,548 )     (3,055 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


TiVo-Owned-related service revenues

     32,764       31,245       26,234       21,896       19,594       18,344       15,535       12,963  

Average TiVo-Owned revenues per month

     10,921       10,415       8,745       7,299       6,531       6,115       5,178       4,321  

Average TiVo-Owned per month subscriptions

     1,233       1,180       995       835       755       691       581       494  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


TiVo-Owned ARPU per month

   $ 8.86     $ 8.83     $ 8.79     $ 8.74     $ 8.66     $ 8.85     $ 8.91     $ 8.75  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

TiVo-Owned ARPU per month for the three months ended July 31, 2005 increased from the three months ended July 31, 2004 to $8.86 from $8.66, due to increased volume of monthly subscriptions. The impact on ARPU of this increase in monthly subscriptions was partially offset by two factors: (1) an increase in the number of TiVo-Owned product lifetime subscriptions that reached the end of the four-year period we use to recognize lifetime subscription revenue ends; and (2) the impact of our multi-subscription discount, under which some of our recurring revenue subscriptions pay only $6.95 per month.

 

We calculate ARPU per month for DIRECTV subscriptions by first subtracting TiVo-Owned-related service revenues (which includes TiVo-Owned subscription service revenues and TiVo-Owned related advertising revenues) from our total reported service revenues. Then we divide average revenues per month for DIRECTV-related service revenues by average subscriptions for the period. The following table shows this calculation and reconciles ARPU for DIRECTV subscriptions to service and technology revenues:

 

     Three Months Ended

 

DIRECTV Average
Revenue per Subscription


   Jul 31,
2005


    April 30,
2005


    Jan 31,
2005


    Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    April 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


 
     (In thousands, except ARPU)  

Service and Technology revenues

   $ 40,674     $ 40,020     $ 34,165     $ 28,377     $ 27,760     $ 25,174     $ 21,209     $ 22,674  

Less: Technology revenues

     (425 )     (1,676 )     (1,169 )     (699 )     (3,427 )     (3,015 )     (2,126 )     (6,656 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total Service revenues

     40,249       38,344       32,996       27,678       24,333       22,159       19,083       16,018  

Less: TiVo-Owned-related service revenues

     (32,764 )     (31,245 )     (26,234 )     (21,896 )     (19,594 )     (18,344 )     (15,535 )     (12,963 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


DIRECTV-related service revenues

     7,485       7,099       6,762       5,782       4,739       3,815       3,548       3,055  

Average DIRECTV revenues per month

     2,495       2,366       2,254       1,927       1,580       1,272       1,183       1,018  

Average DIRECTV per month subscriptions

     2,200       1,994       1,622       1,238       988       770       572       390  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


DIRECTV ARPU per month

   $ 1.13     $ 1.19     $ 1.39     $ 1.56     $ 1.60     $ 1.65     $ 2.07     $ 2.61  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

ARPU per month for DIRECTV subscriptions for the three months ended July 31, 2005 decreased from the same-year prior period to $1.13 from $1.60. The decrease in ARPU per month for DIRECTV is the result of the addition of new DIRECTV subscriptions. While these more recent DIRECTV subscription additions offer lower recurring revenues than subscriptions added during earlier phases of our DIRECTV relationship, they result in more attractive percent margins because they involve limited or no acquisition costs and lower recurring expenses.

 

Critical Accounting Estimates

 

Critical accounting estimates are those that reflect significant judgments and uncertainties, and may potentially result in materially different results under different assumptions and conditions. We base our discussion and analysis on our consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles as described in Item 1. Note 1. “ Nature of Operations” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements. The

 

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preparation of these financial statements requires us to make estimates and judgments that affect our reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenue, and expenses and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. On an on-going basis, we evaluate our estimates. We base our estimates on historical experience and on other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. The results of this analysis form the basis for our judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may materially differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions. For a detailed discussion on the application of these and other accounting estimates, see Item 1. Note 2. “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements.

 

Recognition Period for Lifetime Subscriptions Revenues. TiVo offers a product lifetime subscription option for the life of the DVR for a one-time, upfront payment. We recognize subscription revenues from lifetime subscriptions ratably over a four-year period, based on our estimate of the useful life of these DVRs. As of July 31, 2005, 83,000 product lifetime subscriptions, or 2.3% of our total installed subscription base of TiVo-Owned and DIRECTV subscriptions, had exceeded the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues and had made contact with the TiVo service within the prior six month period. If the useful life of the DVR were shorter or longer than four-years, we would recognize revenues earlier or later. Our product is still relatively new, and as we gather more user information, we might revise this estimated life.

 

Engineering Professional Services Project Cost Estimates . For engineering professional services that are essential to the functionality of the software or involve significant customization or modification, we recognize revenues using the percentage-of-completion method, as described in Statement of Position (SOP) 81-1 “Accounting for Performance of Construction-Type and Certain Production-Type Contracts.” We recognize revenue by measuring progress toward completion based on the ratio of costs incurred to total estimated costs of the project, an input method. In general, these contracts are long-term and complex. We believe we are able to make reasonably dependable estimates based on historical experience and various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances. These estimates include forecasting of costs and schedules, estimating contract revenue related to contract performance, projecting cost to complete, tracking progress of costs incurred to date, and projecting the remaining effort to complete the project. Costs included in engineering professional services are labor, materials, and overhead related to the specific activities that are required for the project. Costs related to general infrastructure or platform development are not included in the engineering professional services project cost estimates. These estimates are assessed continually during the term of the contract and revisions are reflected when the conditions become known. In some cases, we have accepted engineering professional services contracts that were expected to be losses at the time of acceptance. Provisions for all losses on contracts are recorded when estimates determine that a loss will be incurred on a contract. Using different cost estimates, or different methods of measuring progress to completion, engineering professional services revenues and expenses may produce materially different results. A favorable change in estimates in a period could result in additional revenue and profit, and an unfavorable change in estimates could result in a reduction of revenue and profit or the recording of a loss that would be borne solely by TiVo.

 

Consumer Rebate Redemption Rate and Sales Incentives Programs. In accordance with Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) 01-09, “Accounting for Consideration Given by a Vendor to a Customer (Including a Reseller of the Vendor’s Products),” we record an estimated potential liability for our consumer rebate program that is based on the percentage of customers that were reimbursed for the rebate for similar past programs and adjust estimates to consider actual redemptions. The most recent programs have ranged from 50% to 67% averaging 57%. As of July 31, 2005, we recorded an accrual of $455,000 for rebates. Based on our results for the six months ended July 31, 2005, a one-percentage point deviation in our redemption rebate estimate would have resulted in an increase or decrease in expense of $556,200. Upon completion of consumer rebate programs, any unredeemed consumer rebate expense will be reversed. Additionally, we record an estimated potential liability for our consumer discount programs that are based on the number of estimated sell-through units for the programs. During the quarter ended July 31, 2005, we offered a $50 discount and a $100 discount program to all retailers, which resulted in the recording of an accrual of $3.5 million for the quarter. These consumer rebates and sales incentives programs are recognized as “rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel” in our consolidated financial statements.

 

Valuation of Inventory. We maintain a finished goods inventory of TiVo-enabled DVRs throughout the year. We value inventory at the lower of cost or net realizable value with cost determined on the first-in, first-out method. We base write-downs to inventories on changes in selling price of a completed unit. Estimates are based upon current facts and circumstances and are determined in aggregate and evaluated on a total pool basis. We perform a detailed assessment of inventory at each balance sheet date, which includes a review of, among other factors, demand requirements and market conditions. Based on this analysis, we record adjustments, when appropriate, to reflect inventory at lower of cost or market. During the six months ended July 31, 2005, as a result of such an assessment, we recorded a charge to cost of hardware

 

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revenues of $3.2 million related to a write-down of inventory and inventory that we are committed to purchase, of which $2.4 million is still remaining in our inventory reserves as of July 31, 2005. Although we make every effort to ensure the accuracy of our forecasts of product demand and pricing assumptions, any significant unanticipated changes in demand or technological developments would significantly impact the value of our inventory and our reported operating results. In the future, if we find that our estimates are too optimistic and determine that our inventory needs to be written down further, we will be required to recognize such costs in our cost of revenue at the time of such determination. Conversely, if we find our estimates are too pessimistic and we subsequently sell product that has previously been written down, our gross margin in that period will be favorably impacted.

 

Estimates Used in Complex Agreements. We have a number of complex transactions and commitments. Many of these transactions involve multiple elements and types of consideration, including cash, debt, equity, and services. For example, our relationship with DIRECTV has historically included subscription revenue share expense, engineering professional services revenue, common stock and warrants issued for services, and various platform subsidies. Many of our arrangements require us to make estimations for the valuation of non-cash expenses, such as warrants issued for services, which must be assigned a value using financial models that require us to estimate certain parameters. We have utilized our best estimate of the value of the various elements in accounting for these transactions. Had alternative assumptions been used, the values obtained may have been materially different.

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In November 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 151, “Inventory Costs-an Amendment of ARB No. 43, Chapter 4” (FAS 151). FAS 151 amends ARB 43, Chapter 4, to clarify that abnormal amounts of idle facility expense, freight, handling costs, and wasted materials (spoilage) should be recognized as current-period charges. In addition, this Statement requires that allocation of fixed production overheads to the costs of conversion be based on the normal capacity of the production facilities. The provisions of this Statement are effective for inventory costs incurred during fiscal years beginning after June 15, 2005. The adoption of the provisions of FAS 151 is not expected to have a material impact on our financial position or results of operations.

 

On December 16, 2004, the FASB issued FASB Statement No. 123 (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment,” which is a revision of FASB Statement No. 123, “Accounting for Stock Based Compensation.” Statement 123(R) supersedes APB Opinion No. 25, “Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees,” and amends FASB Statement No. 95, “Statement of Cash Flows.” Generally, the approach in Statement 123(R) is similar to the approach described in Statement 123. However, Statement 123(R) requires all share-based payments to employees, including grants of employee stock options, to be recognized in the income statement based upon their fair values. Pro forma disclosure is no longer an alternative. In April 2005, the Securities and Exchange Commission announced the adoption of a new rule that amends the effective date of FAS 123(R). The effective date of the new standard under these new rules for our consolidated financial statements is February 1, 2006, with early adoption permitted. We have no plans for early adoption.

 

Statement 123(R) permits public companies to adopt its requirements using one of two methods:

 

  1. A “modified prospective” method in which compensation cost is recognized beginning with the effective date (a) based on the requirements of Statement 123(R) for all share-based payments granted after the effective date; and (b) based on the requirements of Statement 123 for all awards granted to employees prior to the effective date of Statement 123(R) that remain unvested on the effective date.

 

  2. A “modified retrospective” method which includes the requirements of the modified prospective method described above, but also permits entities to restate based on the amounts previously recognized under Statement 123 for purposes of pro forma disclosures either (a) all prior periods presented; or (b) prior interim periods of the year of adoption.

 

We are currently evaluating which of the two methods we will adopt.

 

As permitted by Statement 123, we currently account for share-based payments to employees using the intrinsic value method and, as such, generally recognize no compensation cost for employee stock options. Accordingly, the adoption of Statement 123(R)’s fair value method will have a significant impact on our results of operations, although it will have no impact on our overall financial position based on our current share based awards to employees. The impact of adoption of Statement 123(R) cannot be predicted at this time because it will depend on levels of share-based payments granted in the future, the valuation model used to value the options and other variables. However, had we adopted Statement 123(R) in prior

 

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periods, the impact of that standard would have approximated the impact of Statement 123 as described in the Stock Compensation disclosure included in Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

Results of Operations

 

Net revenues. Net revenues for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004 as a percentage of total net revenues were as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Service revenues

   $ 40,249     102 %   $ 24,333     61 %   $ 78,593     91 %   $ 46,492     63 %

Technology revenues

     425     1 %     3,427     9 %     2,101     2 %     6,442     9 %

Hardware revenues

     4,649     12 %     18,592     47 %     15,175     18 %     32,929     44 %

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     (5,988 )   -15 %     (6,576 )   -17 %     (9,626 )   -11 %     (11,564 )   -16 %
    


       


       


       


     

Net revenues

   $ 39,335           $ 39,776           $ 86,243           $ 74,299        
    


       


       


       


     

Change from same prior-year period

     -1 %           49 %           16 %           35 %      

 

    Service Revenues. Service revenues for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 increased 65% and 69% or $15.9 and $32.1 million, respectively over the service revenues for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004. This increase was primarily due to the growth in our subscription base. During the three months ended July 31, 2005, we activated 254,000 new subscriptions to the TiVo service bringing the total installed subscription base to nearly 3.6 million as of July 31, 2005, almost double the installed base of 1.9 million subscriptions as of July 31, 2004. We anticipate fiscal year 2006 will have continued service revenue growth as our subscription base grows. Revenues from advertising and research services included in service revenues, while not material during these periods, have increased.

 

    Technology Revenues. In the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, we derived 1% and 2% of our net revenues, or $425,000 and $2.1 million from licensing and engineering professional services, respectively. Technology revenues for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 were 88% and 67% lower than the same period last year. During the three months ended July 31, 2005, we determined that we needed to incur additional development costs related to a loss contract deemed substantially complete in fiscal year 2005. As a result, we recorded a reduction of $435,000 in technology revenues. Technology revenue for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 is largely a result of amortization of deferred revenue on existing contracts, where development services have been substantially completed. We expect technology revenues to increase as the Comcast contract activity increases. To date the Comcast development work is in the preliminary stages as the companies work towards an agreement of the engineering professional services to be delivered and revenue has been deferred. One related party customer generated $436,000 of technology revenues or 1%, of net revenues for the three months ended July 31, 2004.

 

   

Hardware Revenues . Hardware revenues, net of allowance for sales returns, for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 were 12% and 18% of our net revenues, respectively. For the same prior year periods, hardware revenues were 47% and 44% of our net revenues, respectively. One retail customer generated $684,000 and $5.2 million of hardware revenues for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, respectively. The same retail customer generated $10.8 million and $17.1 million of hardware revenues for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004. The decrease in hardware revenues is largely a result of decreased hardware sales volume due to increased competition from DIRECTV’s TiVo products, as well as from other DVR distributors. Additionally, the average selling price has declined quarter-over-quarter due to consumer incentive

 

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programs including, one program which offered a free DVR with the purchase of an annual or lifetime product subscription.

 

    Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel. We recognize certain marketing-related payments as a reduction of revenues in our consolidated statements of operations. Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel decreased by $588,000 for the three months ended July 31, 2005 and decreased by $1.9 million for the six months ended July 31, 2005 as compared to the same prior year periods. The primary contributor to the decrease in rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel was a reversal of our consumer rebate expense accrual. Consumer rebate expenses were ($1.3) million and ($2.2) million, respectively, for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, as compared to $2.2 million and $3.8 million, respectively for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004. The reversal of rebate expense during the three months ended July 31, 2005 was primarily due to lower than expected rebate redemptions on expired programs. During the quarter ended July 31, 2005, we offered a $50 discount and a $100 discount program to all retailers, which resulted in the recording of an accrual of $3.5 million for the quarter. We expect our fiscal year 2006 payments to be higher due to our planned increased investment in subscription acquisition activities.

 

Of the total service revenues and technology revenues for the three and six months ended July 31, 2004, $1.7 million and $6.8 million, respectively, were generated from related parties.

 

Cost of service and technology revenues.

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of service revenues

   $ 6,859     $ 6,836     $ 15,498     $ 12,429  

Cost of technology revenues

   $ 599     $ 2,708     $ 826     $ 4,670  
    


 


 


 


Cost of service and technology revenues

   $ 7,458     $ 9,544     $ 16,324     $ 17,099  
    


 


 


 


Change from same prior-year period

     -22 %     38 %     -5 %     16 %

Percentage of service and technology revenues

     18 %     34 %     20 %     32 %

Service gross margin

   $ 33,390     $ 17,497     $ 63,095     $ 34,063  

Technology gross margin

   $ (174 )   $ 719     $ 1,275     $ 1,772  

Service gross margin as a percentage of Service Revenue

     83 %     72 %     80 %     73 %

Technology gross margin as a percentage of Technology Revenue

     -41 %     21 %     61 %     28 %

 

Costs of service and technology revenues consist primarily of telecommunication and network expenses, employee salaries, call center, and other expenses related to providing the TiVo service. Also included are expenses related to providing engineering professional services to our customers, including employee salaries and related costs, as well as prototyping and other material costs. Cost of service revenues for the three months ended July 31, 2005 stayed flat as compared to the same prior-year period and for the six months ended July 31, 2005 increased 25% or by $3.1 million as compared to the same prior-year period. The six month increase was primarily due to total customer care center expenses that increased by 76% or by $2.4 million compared to the same prior-year period due to an increase in level of staffing during the three months ended July 31, 2004 from April 30, 2004. We expect to continue to increase customer care center expenses for fiscal year 2006. Additionally, credit card processing fees increased by 42% or by $542,000 for the six months ended July 31, 2005 primarily due to increased volume of subscription activity.

 

Cost of technology revenues decreased by 78% and 82% for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, respectively as compared to the same prior-year period. During the three months ended July 31, 2005, we determined that we needed to incur additional development costs related to a loss contract deemed substantially complete in fiscal year 2005. As a result, we recorded an expense of $598,000 in the three months ended July 31, 2005.

 

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Cost of hardware revenues.

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Cost of hardware revenues

   $ 6,565     $ 22,720     $ 22,207     $ 39,570  

Change from same prior-year period

     -71 %     165 %     -44 %     74 %

Percentage of hardware revenues

     141 %     122 %     146 %     120 %

Hardware gross margin

   $ (1,916 )   $ (4,128 )   $ (7,032 )   $ (6,641 )

Hardware gross margin as a percentage of hardware revenue

     -41 %     -22 %     -46 %     -20 %

 

Costs of hardware revenues include all product costs associated with the TiVo-enabled DVRs we distribute and sell, including manufacturing-related overhead and personnel, warranty, certain licensing, order fulfillment, and freight costs. We engage a contract manufacturer to build TiVo-enabled DVRs. We sell this hardware as a means to grow our service revenues and, as a result, do not intend to generate positive gross margins from these hardware sales. The number of DVRs sold to our retailers and through our direct channel decreased by approximately 72% and 55% compared to the three and six months ended July 31, 2004, due to increased competition from DIRECTV’s TiVo products, as well as from other DVR distributors and reduced investment in subscription acquisition activities. The combination of (1) lower overall hardware revenues and (2) a greater percentage of our hardware revenues sold through our direct sales channel resulted in reducing our gross margin loss for the quarter. However, the hardware gross margin loss for the six months ended July 31, 2005 increased due to $3.2 million in write-downs of inventory and inventory commitments in the three months ended April 30, 2005, based upon our assessment of product demand requirements and market and pricing conditions, of which $2.4 million is still remaining in our inventory reserves as of July 31, 2005.

 

Research and development expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Research and development expenses

   $ 9,778     $ 8,138     $ 20,682     $ 17,137  

Change from same prior-year period

     20 %     41 %     21 %     52 %

Percentage of net revenues

     25 %     20 %     24 %     23 %

 

Our research and development expenses consist primarily of employee salaries, related expenses, and consulting fees. Research and development expenses for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 increased 20% and 21%, respectively over the same prior-year period, primarily due to an increase in headcount committed to research and development activities.

 

Sales and marketing expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

Sales and marketing expenses

   $ 7,574     $ 6,026     $ 14,404     $ 11,626  

Change from same prior-year period

     26 %     34 %     24 %     37 %

Percentage of net revenues

     19 %     15 %     17 %     16 %

 

Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses, media advertising, public relations activities, special promotions, trade shows, and the production of product related items, including collateral and

 

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videos. The largest contributor to the increased sales and marketing expenses for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, in terms of absolute dollars, was public relations and event expense that increased by 71% and 104% or by $467,000 and $1.2 million from the same prior-year periods, respectively. Another contributor was our advertising expense, including print and radio advertising, which increased by 56% and 65% or by $658,000 and $1.1 million for the same prior-year periods, respectively.

 

General and administrative expenses.

 

     Three Months Ended July 31,

    Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

    2005

    2004

 
     (In thousands, except percentages)  

General and administrative

   $ 8,409     $ 3,794     $ 14,547     $ 8,033  

Change from same prior-year period

     122 %     -7 %     81 %     2 %

Percentage of net revenues

     21 %     10 %     17 %     11 %

 

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of employee salaries and related expenses for executive, administrative, accounting, information systems, customer operations personnel, facility costs, and professional fees. General and administrative expenses for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 increased 122% and 81%, respectively, compared to the same prior-year period. These increases were due primarily to increased legal and consulting expenses in connection with our ongoing lawsuits. For the three and six months ended July 31, 2005, these expenses increased $3.3 million and $4.1 million, respectively. Salaries and benefits expense increase by $516,000 and $2.0 million for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 due to an increase in regular headcount of 16 personnel as compared to the same prior-year periods. We expect to continue to incur legal expenses for all pending lawsuits, including material amounts related to the Sony and EchoStar Communications patent infringement cases in the future. We expect these increased expenses will likely adversely affect our results of operations, by increasing our operating expenses, adversely impacting our financial position, and diverting additional cash flows to non-revenue generating activities, in the near-term.

 

Interest income. Interest income resulting from cash and cash equivalents held in interest bearing accounts and short-term investments for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 almost doubled in amount from the same prior-year periods. Although total cash and short term investments decreased to $103.8 million in the six months ended July 31, 2005 from $130.0 million in the same prior-year period, our interest income improved as a result of an increase to 2.81% in the average interest rate earned in the three months ended July 31, 2005 from 1.01% in the same prior-year period.

 

Interest expense and other. Interest expense and other for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 was $2,000 and $3,000, respectively as compared to $668,000 and $1.3 million from the same prior-year periods primarily due to no outstanding convertible notes payable outstanding during fiscal year 2006.

 

Provision for income taxes. Income tax expense for the three and six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004 was primarily due to franchise taxes paid to various states and foreign withholding taxes.

 

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Quarterly Results of Operations

 

The following table represents certain unaudited statements of operations data for our eight most recent quarters ended July 31, 2005. In management’s opinion, this unaudited information has been prepared on the same basis as the audited annual financial statements and includes all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments necessary for a fair representation of the unaudited information for the quarters presented. This information should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto, which are included in our 2005 Annual Report on Form 10-K. The results of operations for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for any future period. Certain amounts in prior periods have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation.

 

     Three Months Ended

 
     Jul 31,
2005


    Apr 30,
2005


    Jan 31,
2005


    Oct 31,
2004


    Jul 31,
2004


    Apr 30,
2004


    Jan 31,
2004


    Oct 31,
2003


 
     (unaudited, in thousands except per share data)  

Revenues

                                                                

Service revenues

   $ 40,249     $ 38,344     $ 32,996     $ 27,678     $ 24,333     $ 22,159     $ 19,083     $ 16,018  

Technology revenues

     425       1,676       1,169       699       3,427       3,015       2,126       6,656  

Hardware revenues

     4,649       10,526       50,452       27,894       18,592       14,337       25,537       24,479  

Rebates, revenue share, and other payments to channel

     (5,988 )     (3,638 )     (25,188 )     (17,944 )     (6,576 )     (4,988 )     (4,114 )     (3,897 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net revenues

     39,335       46,908       59,429       38,327       39,776       34,523       42,632       43,256  

Cost of revenues

                                                                

Cost of service revenues

     6,859       8,639       10,426       6,505       6,836       5,593       5,252       4,370  

Cost of technology revenues

     599       227       440       1,465       2,708       1,962       2,496       4,464  

Cost of hardware revenues

     6,565       15,642       52,267       28,486       22,720       16,850       26,687       25,413  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Total cost of revenues

     14,023       24,508       63,133       36,456       32,264       24,405       34,435       34,247  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Gross margin

     25,312       22,400       (3,704 )     1,871       7,512       10,118       8,197       9,009  

Operating Expenses

                                                                

Research and development

     9,778       10,904       11,206       9,291       8,138       8,999       5,474       5,432  

Sales and marketing

     7,574       6,830       11,529       14,212       6,026       5,600       4,742       5,704  

General and administrative

     8,409       6,138       4,194       4,366       3,794       4,239       4,508       3,949  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Loss from operations

     (449 )     (1,472 )     (30,633 )     (25,998 )     (10,446 )     (8,720 )     (6,527 )     (6,076 )

Interest income

     734       624       458       397       366       327       135       133  

Interest expense and other

     (2 )     (1 )     (3,464 )     (671 )     (668 )     (656 )     (5,672 )     (1,330 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Income (loss) before income taxes

     283       (849 )     (33,639 )     (26,272 )     (10,748 )     (9,049 )     (12,064 )     (7,273 )

Provision for income taxes

     (43 )     (8 )     (26 )     (78 )     (12 )     (18 )     (297 )     (115 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net Income (loss)

   $ 240     $ (857 )   $ (33,665 )   $ (26,350 )   $ (10,760 )   $ (9,067 )   $ (12,361 )   $ (7,388 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Net Income (loss) per common share basic and diluted

   $ 0.00     $ (0.01 )   $ (0.42 )   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.13 )   $ (0.11 )   $ (0.18 )   $ (0.11 )
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Weighted average common shares used to calculate basic net income (loss) per share

     83,506       82,381       80,793       80,267       80,197       79,800       69,055       68,226  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


Weighted average common shares used to calculate diluted net income (loss) per share

     86,479       82,381       80,793       80,267       80,197       79,800       69,055       68,226  
    


 


 


 


 


 


 


 


 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We have financed our operations and met our capital expenditure requirements primarily from the proceeds of the sale of equity and debt securities. Our cash resources are subject, in part, to the amount and timing of cash received from our subscriptions, licensing and engineering professional services customers, and hardware customers. At July 31, 2005, we had $103.8 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments. We believe our cash and cash equivalents, funds generated from operations, and our revolving line of credit facility with Silicon Valley Bank represent sufficient resources to fund operations, capital expenditures, and working capital needs through the next twelve months.

 

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Statement of Cash Flows Discussion

 

The following table summarizes our cash flow activities:

 

     Six Months Ended July 31,

 
     2005

    2004

 

Net cash used in operating activities

   $ (6,577 )   $ (13,771 )

Net cash used in investing activities

     (2,033 )     (14,492 )

Net cash provided by financing activities

     10,538       2,321  

 

Net Cash Used in Operating Activities

 

The decrease in net cash used in operating activities from the six months ended July 31, 2004 as compared to the six months ended July 31, 2005, was largely attributable to the decrease in net loss incurred during each period. The primary change in net cash used in operating activities for the six months ended July 31, 2005 was a decrease of $17.2 million in accounts receivable, net, primarily due to the payments by retailers related to holiday inventory shipments. Another contributor to the decrease in net cash used in operations was an increase in service and technology revenues of $27.8 million compared to the same prior-year period due primarily to the growth in our total subscription base.

 

Cash from deferred revenues has increased because we sell product lifetime subscriptions and receive up front license and engineering professional services payments. These activities cause us to receive cash payments in advance of providing the services for which the cash is received, which we recognize as deferred revenues.

 

Net Cash Used in Investing Activities

 

The decreases in net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended July 31, 2005 was primarily attributable to decreased purchases of short-term investments. During the six months ended July 31, 2005, we acquired intangible assets for $3.9 million. Additionally, we increased purchases of property and equipment to support our business.

 

Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities

 

For the six months ended July 31, 2005, the principal source of cash generated from financing activities related to our borrowing under our revolving bank line of credit facility and the issuance of common stock for stock options exercised. These transactions generated $3.5 million and $5.9 million, respectively. Additionally, $1.2 million was obtained from the issuance of common stock through our employee stock purchase plan. For the six months ended July 31, 2004, the principal source of cash generated from financing activities related to the issuance of common stock through our employee stock purchase plan which generated $1.3 million. Additionally, $1.1 million was obtained from the issuance of common stock for stock options exercised.

 

Financing Agreements

 

Our primary sources of liquidity are cash flows provided by operations and by financing activities. Although we currently anticipate these sources of liquidity will be sufficient to meet our cash needs through the next twelve months, we may require or choose to obtain additional financing. Our ability to obtain financing will depend, among other things, on our development efforts, business plans, operating performance, and the condition of the capital markets at the time we seek financing. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available to us on favorable terms when required, or at all. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity, equity-linked or debt securities, those securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to the rights of our common stock, and our stockholders may experience dilution. Please refer to “Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results” below for further discussion.

 

$100 Million Universal Shelf Registration Statement. We have an effective universal shelf registration statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-113719) on file with the Securities and Exchange Commission under which we may issue up to $100,000,000 of securities, including debt securities, common stock, preferred stock, and warrants. Depending upon market conditions, we may issue securities under this or future registration statements.

 

Revolving Line of Credit Facility with Silicon Valley Bank. On June 29, 2004, we renewed our loan and security agreement with Silicon Valley Bank for an additional two years, whereby Silicon Valley Bank agreed to increase the amount of the revolving line of credit it extends to us from a maximum of $6 million to $15 million. The line of credit now bears interest at the greater of prime or 4.00% per annum, but in an event of default that is continuing, the interest rate becomes 3.00% above the rate effective immediately before the event of default. At July 31, 2005, we were in compliance with the covenants and had $8.0 million outstanding under the line of credit. The outstanding balance was repaid in its entirety in August 2005. The

 

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line of credit terminates and any and all borrowings are due. We have the right to terminate earlier without penalty upon written notice and repayment of all amounts borrowed.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

As of July 31, 2005, we had contractual obligations to make the following cash payments:

 

     Payments by Period

Contractual Obligations


   Total

   Less
than 1
year


    1-3 years

   3-5 years

   Over 5
years


     (In thousands)

Operating leases

   $ 5,236    $ 1,668     $ 3,568    $ —      $ —  

Bank line of credit

     8,000      8,000 (1)     —        —        —  

Purchase obligations

     4,448      4,448       —        —        —  
    

  


 

  

  

Total contractual cash obligations

   $ 17,684    $ 14,116     $ 3,568    $ —      $ —  
    

  


 

  

  

 

(1) This amount is classified as due in less than one year because it was repaid in August 2005.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

As part of our ongoing business, we generally do not engage in transactions that generate relationships with unconsolidated entities or financial partnerships, such as entities often referred to as structured finance or special purpose entities. Accordingly, our operating results, financial condition, and cash flows are not generally subject to off-balance sheet risks associated with these types of arrangements. We did not have any material off-balance sheet arrangements at July 31, 2005.

 

Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results

 

The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business.

 

We have incurred significant net losses and may never achieve sustained profitability.

 

We have incurred significant net losses and have had substantial negative cash flows. During the six months ended July 31, 2005 and 2004, our net loss was $(617,000) and $(10.8) million, respectively. As of July 31, 2005, we had an accumulated deficit of $(657.7) million. The size of future net losses will depend in part on our subscription revenues and on our expenses. We will need to generate significant additional revenues to achieve profitability. Although we reached profitability for the three months ended July 31, 2005, we may not sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future.

 

We face intense competition from a number of sources, which may impair our revenues, increase our subscription acquisition cost, and hinder our ability to generate new subscriptions.

 

The DVR market is rapidly evolving, and we expect to face significant competition. Moreover, the market for in-home entertainment is intensely competitive and subject to rapid technological change. As a result of this intense competition, we could incur increased subscription acquisition costs that could adversely affect our ability to reach sustained profitability in the future. If new technologies render the DVR market obsolete, we may be unable to generate sufficient revenue to cover our expenses and obligations.

 

We believe that the principal competitive factors in the DVR market are brand recognition and awareness, functionality, ease of use, availability, and pricing. We currently see two primary categories of DVR competitors: DVRs offered by consumer electronics companies, and DVRs offered by cable and satellite operators.

 

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Within each of these two categories, the competition can be further segmented into those offering what we define as basic DVR functionality and those offering enhanced DVR functionality. Basic DVR functionality includes no or limited program guide data and “VCR-like” controls with manual timeslot-based recordings, usually with no DVR service fee after the consumer purchases the enabling hardware. The TiVo Basic service offered on select TiVo-enabled DVD recorders made by Toshiba and Pioneer is an example of basic DVR functionality. Enhanced DVR functionality includes rich program guide data and enhanced scheduling and personalization features, and may or may not require a DVR service fee. The TiVo service, required for most TiVo-enabled DVRs, and offered as an upgrade for select TiVo-enabled DVD recorders made by Toshiba and Pioneer, are examples of enhanced DVR functionality.

 

Consumer Electronics Competitors . We compete against several types of products with basic or enhanced DVR functionality offered by consumer electronics companies. These products record an analog television signal output from a cable or satellite set-top box, analog cable feed, or antenna.

 

    Standalone DVRs and hard drive-equipped DVD recorders, TVs and Game Consoles: ReplayTV continues to offer standalone DVRs with enhanced DVR functionality in limited retail distribution. Several consumer electronics companies, including Panasonic and Sony, produce DVD recorders with hard drives. In addition, several consumer electronics companies, including RCA and Toshiba, offer TVs that can connect to external hard drives to allow for recording of television programming. Some of these TVs offer CableCARD functionality, allowing the receipt of encrypted digital cable programming without the need for a digital cable set-top box. In general, these hard-drive equipped DVD recorders and TVs do not require DVR service fees and offer basic DVR functionality. In the future, companies such as Sony and Microsoft could incorporate DVR technology into their video game consoles.

 

    Personal computers with DVR software: Microsoft’s Windows XP Media Center Edition contains expanded digital media features including enhanced DVR functionality. PC manufacturers including Dell and Hewlett Packard offer PCs running this Microsoft software.

 

Satellite and Cable DVR Competitors . We compete against cable and satellite set-top boxes that integrate basic or enhanced DVR functionality into multi-channel receivers.

 

    Satellite : EchoStar offers a range of DVR models, including standard definition and high definition models, most of which offer dual tuner capabilities. Certain models can output signals to multiple TVs within the household. Certain models now offer name-based recordings instead of timeslot-base recordings. DIRECTV has announced plans to introduce a competing DVR service this year from NDS.

 

    Cable: Scientific-Atlanta and Motorola sell integrated digital cable DVR set-top boxes to cable operators. These products combine digital and analog cable reception with DVR functionality; some versions offer dual tuner and/or high definition capabilities. In addition, Scientific-Atlanta and Motorola have announced plans to build integrated cable DVRs for cable operator Charter Communications and others using Moxi Media Center software from Digeo. In November 2004, Comcast and Microsoft announced that Comcast would deploy Microsoft TV Foundation Edition software to more than 1.0 million Comcast subscribers in Washington State. For subscribers with cable DVR set-top boxes, this Microsoft software supports dual tuner enhanced DVR functionality.

 

U.S. cable operators are currently deploying server-based Video on Demand (VOD) technology from SeaChange, Concurrent, and others, which could potentially evolve into competition. Server-based VOD relies on content servers located within the cable operator’s central head-end that stream video across the network to a digital cable set-top box within the consumer’s home. Cable operators can use VOD to deliver movies, television shows, and other content to consumers. Consumers can watch this programming on demand, with VCR-like pausing and rewinding capabilities. Operators can charge consumers for access to VOD content on a per-transaction or monthly subscription basis, or can offer content without charge. To the extent that cable operators offer regular television programming as part of their VOD offerings, consumers have an alternate means of watching time-shifted shows besides DVRs.

 

Licensing Fees. Our licensing revenues depend both upon our ability to successfully negotiate licensing agreements with our consumer electronics and service provider customers and, in turn, upon our customers’ successful commercialization of their underlying products. In addition, we face competition from companies such as Microsoft, Gemstar, OpenTV, NDS, D&M Holdings, Digeo, Ucentric, Gotuit, and 2Wire who have created competing digital video

 

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recording technologies. Such companies may offer more economically attractive licensing agreements to service providers and manufacturers of DVRs.

 

Established Competition for Advertising Budgets . Digital video recorder services, in general, and TiVo, specifically, compete with traditional advertising media such as print, radio, and television for a share of advertisers’ total advertising budgets. If advertisers do not perceive digital video recording services, in general, and TiVo specifically, as an effective advertising medium, they may be reluctant to devote a significant portion of their advertising budget to promotions on the TiVo service. In addition, advertisers may not support or embrace the TiVo technology due to a belief that our technology’s ability to fast-forward through commercials will reduce the effectiveness of general television advertising.

 

We depend on a limited number of third parties to manufacture, distribute, and supply critical components and services for the DVRs that enable the TiVo service. We may be unable to operate our business if these parties do not perform their obligations.

 

The TiVo service is enabled through the use of a DVR made available by us through a third-party contract manufacturer and a limited number of other third parties. In addition, we rely on sole suppliers for a number of key components for the DVRs. We do not control the time and resources that these third parties devote to our business. We cannot be sure that these parties will perform their obligations as expected or that any revenue, cost savings, or other benefits will be derived from the efforts of these parties. If any of these parties breaches or terminates their agreement with us or otherwise fails to perform their obligations in a timely manner, we may be delayed or prevented from commercializing our products and services. Because our relationships with these parties are non-exclusive, they may also support products and services that compete directly with us, or offer similar or greater support to our competitors. Any of these events could require us to undertake unforeseen additional responsibilities or devote additional resources to commercialize our products and services. This outcome would harm our ability to compete effectively and achieve increased market acceptance and brand recognition.

 

In addition, we face the following risks in relying on these third parties:

 

If our manufacturing relationships are not successful, we may be unable to satisfy demand for our products and services. We manufacture DVRs that enable the TiVo service through a third-party contract manufacturer. We also have entered and anticipate entering into agreements with consumer electronics manufacturers to manufacture and distribute DVRs that enable the TiVo service. However, we have no minimum volume commitments from any manufacturer. The ability of our consumer electronics manufacturers to reach sufficient production volume of DVRs to satisfy anticipated demand is subject to delays and unforeseen problems such as defects, shortages of critical components and cost overruns. Moreover, they will require substantial lead times to manufacture anticipated quantities of the DVRs that enable the TiVo service. Delays, product shortages, and other problems could impair the retail distribution and brand image and make it difficult for us to attract subscriptions. In addition, the loss of a manufacturer would require us to identify and contract with alternative sources of manufacturing, which we may be unable to do and which could prove time-consuming and expensive. Although we expect to continue to contract with additional consumer electronics companies for the manufacture of DVRs in the future, we may be unable to establish additional relationships on acceptable terms.

 

We are dependent on single suppliers for several key components and services. If these suppliers fail to perform their obligations, we may be unable to find alternative suppliers or deliver our products and services to our customers on time . We currently rely on sole suppliers for a number of the key components used in the TiVo-enabled DVRs and the TiVo service. For example:

 

    Broadcom is the sole supplier of the MPEG2 encoder and decoder semiconductor devices;

 

    Amtek is the sole supplier of the chassis; and

 

    ATMEL is the sole supplier of the secure microcontroller semiconductor device.

 

We do not have written supply agreements with these suppliers. Therefore, they may not be contractually obligated to supply us with these key components on a long-term basis or at all. In addition to the above, we have several sole suppliers for key components of our products currently under development.

 

Tribune is the sole supplier of the program guide data for the TiVo service . Tribune Media Services, Inc., or Tribune, is the current sole supplier of program guide data for the TiVo service. Our current Television Listings Data Agreement with Tribune became effective on March 1, 2004 and has an initial term of three years and will automatically renew for up to two

 

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additional terms of one year each unless we notify Tribune of our desire to terminate the agreement at least 90 days before the end of the then-current term. If Tribune breaches its obligation to provide us with data, or otherwise fails to perform its obligations under our agreement, we would be unable to provide certain aspects of the TiVo service to our customers. This would have serious repercussions on our brand and our ability to succeed in the market. We may be unable to secure an alternate source of guide data on acceptable terms.

 

If our arrangements or our consumer electronics manufacturers’ arrangements with Broadcom, Amtek, ATMEL or Tribune were to terminate or expire, or if we or our manufacturers were unable to obtain sufficient quantities of these components or required program guide data from our suppliers, our search for alternate suppliers could result in significant delays, added expense or disruption in product or service availability.

 

We are dependent on our major retail partners for distribution of our products to consumers. We currently rely on our relationships with major retail distributors including Best Buy, Circuit City, Target, and others for distribution of TiVo-enabled DVRs. We do not typically enter into long-term volume commitments with our major retail distributors. If one or several of our major retail partners were to discontinue selling our products, the volume of TiVo-enabled DVRs sold to consumers could decrease which could in turn harm our business.

 

Intellectual property claims against us could be costly and could result in the loss of significant rights.

 

From time to time, we receive letters from third parties alleging that we are infringing their intellectual property. Regardless of their merit, we are forced to devote time and resources to respond to these letters. In addition, if any of these third parties or others were to sue us, our business could be harmed because intellectual property litigation may:

 

    be time-consuming and expensive;

 

    divert management’s attention and resources away from our business;

 

    cause delays in product delivery and new service introduction;

 

    cause the cancellation of new products or services; or

 

    require us to pay significant royalties and/or licensing fees.

 

The emerging enhanced-television industry is highly litigious, particularly in the area of on-screen program guides. Additionally, many patents covering interactive television technologies have been granted but have not been commercialized. For example, we are aware of multiple patents for pausing live television. A number of companies in the enhanced-television industry earn substantial profits from technology licensing, and the introduction of new technologies such as ours is likely to provoke lawsuits from such companies. A successful claim of infringement against us, our inability to obtain an acceptable license from the holder of the patent or other right, or our inability to design around an asserted patent or other right could cause our manufacturers to cease manufacturing DVRs that enable the TiVo service, our retailers to stop selling the product or us to cease providing our service, or all of the above, which would eliminate our ability to generate revenues.

 

Under our agreements with many of our manufacturing and licensing partners, we are obligated to indemnify them in the event that our technology infringes upon the intellectual property rights of third parties . Due to these indemnity obligations, we could be forced to incur material expenses if our manufacturing and licensing partners are sued. If they were to lose the lawsuit, our business could be harmed. In addition, because the products sold by our manufacturing and licensing partners often involve the use of other persons’ technology, this increases our exposure to litigation in circumstances where there is a claim of infringement asserted against the product in question, even if the claim does not pertain to our technology.

 

Pending intellectual property litigations. On September 25, 2001, Pause Technology LLC filed a complaint against us in the U.S. District Court for the District of Massachusetts alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Reissue Patent No. 36,801, entitled “Time Delayed Digital Video System Using Concurrent Recording and Playback.” Pause Technology alleges that it is the owner of this patent, and further alleges that we have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell, and using the TiVo-enabled DVR within the United States. Pause Technology seeks unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against our operations. It also seeks attorneys’ fees and costs. On February 6, 2004, we obtained a favorable summary judgment ruling in the case in the District Court. The court ruled that our software versions 2.0 and above do not infringe Pause Technology’s patent, and accordingly has ordered that judgment be entered in our favor. On June 16, 2004, Pause Technology filed an appeal to the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit appealing the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. On April 7, 2005, the U.S.

 

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District Court for the District of Massachusetts issued an Amended Final Judgment dismissing without prejudice our remaining cross-claim for patent invalidity as being moot in light of the February 9, 2004 judgment in favor of TiVo against Pause Technology as to all claims of infringement in Pause Technology’s complaint. On April 8, 2005, Pause Technology filed a notice of appeal with the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit appealing the April 7, 2005 Amended Final Judgment. On August 16, 2005, the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit affirmed in full the February 6, 2004 summary judgment ruling in favor of TiVo. We are incurring expenses in connection with this litigation, which may become material, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

On February 5, 2002, Sony Corporation notified us that Command Audio Corporation had filed a complaint against Sony Electronics, Inc. on February 2, 2002 in the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint alleges that, in connection with its sale of digital video recorders and other products, Sony infringes upon two patents owned by Command Audio U.S. Patent Nos. 5,590,195 (“Information Dissemination Using Various Transmission Modes”) and 6,330,334 (“Method and System for Information Dissemination Using Television Signals”). The complaint seeks injunctive relief, compensatory and treble damages and Command Audio’s costs and expenses, including reasonable attorneys’ fees. On June 15, 2004, the court denied Sony’s motion for summary judgment of invalidity and granted in part and denied in part Command Audio’s motion for summary judgment of infringement. The court found that certain Sony products, including Sony’s accused products that enable the TiVo service, literally infringed certain claims of the ‘334 patent but did not rule on the validity or unenforceability of the patents. A trial limited to certain of Sony’s allegations that the patents-in-suit are unenforceable was conducted in October 2004. On January 7, 2005, the Court issued a Findings of Fact and Conclusions of Law ruling that the patents-in-suit are not unenforceable based on the allegations presented in the October 2004 trial. Trial of the remaining issues, including infringement of certain asserted patent claims, validity of all the asserted patent claims and Sony’s remaining allegations regarding the enforceability of the patents, is scheduled to commence in October 2005 although on August 20, 2005, the Court issued an order suspending the existing deadlines for pre-trial submissions in light of discussions between Sony and Command Audio concerning a possible negotiated resolution of the matter. Under the terms of our agreement with Sony governing the distribution of certain DVRs that enable the TiVo service, we are required to indemnify Sony against any and all claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses relating to claims that our technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. We believe Sony has meritorious defenses against this lawsuit; however, due to our indemnification obligations, we are incurring material expenses in connection with this litigation. Since February 2002, we have incurred $5.6 million in legal expenses. The outcome of this matter and the extent of TiVo’s exposure associated with it are not presently determinable. If Sony were to lose this lawsuit, our business could be harmed.

 

On August 5, 2004, Compression Labs, Inc. filed a complaint against TiVo, Acer American Corporation, AudioVox Corporation, BancTec, Inc., BenQ America Corporation, Color Dreams, Inc. (d/b/a StarDot Technologies), Google Inc., ScanSoft, Inc., Sun Microsystems Inc., Veo Inc., and Yahoo! Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging infringement, inducement of others to infringe, and contributory infringement of U.S. Patent No. 4,698,672, entitled “Coding System For Reducing Redundancy.” The complaint alleges that Compression Labs, Inc. is the owner of this patent and has the exclusive rights to sue and recover for infringement thereof. The complaint further alleges that the defendants have infringed, induced infringement, and contributorily infringed this patent by selling devices and/or systems in the United States, at least portions of which are designed to be at least partly compliant with the JPEG standard. On February 16, 2005, the Court ordered the case transferred to The U.S. District Court for the Northern District of California. We intend to defend this action vigorously; however, we could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

In August and September 2004, Phillip Igbinadolor, on behalf of himself, filed complaints against TiVo, Sony Corporation, Sony Electronics, Inc., Sony Corporation of America, JVC, Clarrion Corporation of America, and Philips Consumer Electronics Company in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of New York alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 395,884 and 6,779,196 and U.S. Trademark No. 2,260,689, each relating to an “integrated car dubbing system.” The complaints were consolidated into one action captioned Igbinadolor v. Sony Corporation et al . The complaints allege that Mr. Igbinadolor is the owner of the patents and trademark allegedly infringed. On November 10, 2004, we filed our answer, affirmative defenses and counterclaims and on January 31, 2005, we filed a motion for summary judgment. We are incurring expenses in connection with this litigation that may become material in the future, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

On April 29, 2005, EchoStar Technologies Corporation filed a complaint against TiVo and Humax USA, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 5,774,186 (“Interruption Tolerant Video Program Viewing”), 6,529,685 B2 (“Multimedia Direct Access Storage Device and Formatting Method”),

 

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6,208,804 B1 (“Multimedia Direct Access Storage Device and Formatting Method”) and 6,173,112 B1 (“Method and System for Recording In-Progress Broadcast Programs”). The complaint alleges that EchoStar Technologies Corporation is the owner by assignment of the patents allegedly infringed. The complaint further alleges that the TiVo and Humax have infringed, contributorily infringed and/or actively induced infringement of the patents by making, using, selling or importing digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software and/or personal television services in the United States, and that such infringement is willful and ongoing. Under the terms of our agreement with Humax governing the distribution of certain DVRs that enable the TiVo service, we are required to indemnify Humax against any claims, damages, liabilities, costs, and expenses relating to claims that our technology infringes upon intellectual property rights owned by third parties. On May 10, 2005, Humax formally notified us of the claims against it in this lawsuit as required by our agreement with Humax. On July 1, 2005, the defendants filed their answer and courterclaims. We intend to defend this action vigorously; however, we could be forced to incur material expenses in connection with this lawsuit and/or as a result of our indemnification obligations and, in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

In addition, we are aware that some media companies may attempt to form organizations to develop standards and practices in the digital video recorder industry. These organizations or individual media companies may attempt to require companies in the digital video recorder industry to obtain copyright or other licenses. Lawsuits or other actions taken by these types of organizations or companies could make it more difficult for us to introduce new services, delay widespread consumer acceptance of our products and services, restrict our use of some television content, increase our costs, and adversely affect our business.

 

We are dependent on our relationship with DIRECTV for subscription growth.

 

Our relationship with DIRECTV could be affected in the future by News Corp.’s acquisition of The DIRECTV Group. On December 22, 2003, News Corp. acquired General Motor’s 19.8% economic interest in Hughes, subsequently renamed The DIRECTV Group. Simultaneously, News Corp. acquired an additional 14.2% of The DIRECTV Group for a total of 34% of its outstanding stock. Now under News Corp.’s control DIRECTV has announced it plans to introduce an alternative DVR technology platform, created by NDS, which is majority-owned by News Corp., as well, in the fall of 2005. It is also possible News Corp. may slow the pace of DVR deployment by DIRECTV in an effort to protect its content businesses from perceived threats posed by DVRs. DIRECTV has recently announced that its core initiatives and new customer acquisition will focus on its new DVR from NDS. As a consequence, the growth in the number of DIRECTV customers with TiVo service could be harmed in the future resulting in the loss of future high margin revenues.

 

If our current development agreement with DIRECTV expires without being renewed, amended, or replaced, our business could be harmed . A significant number of our new and existing TiVo service subscriptions are DIRECTV customers with TiVo service. Our current development agreement with DIRECTV does not expire until February 2007. Neither TiVo nor DIRECTV will have any further obligations to each other if our current development agreement with DIRECTV expires without being renewed, amended, or replaced. While DIRECTV would have the right to continue to service existing DIRECTV receivers with TiVo service without payment to us, it would not have the right to add new DIRECTV customers with TiVo service. And while TiVo would no longer be able to generate additional revenue from the then-current DIRECTV customers with TiVo service, we would have no further obligation to provide upgrades, fixes, new features, or software support. DIRECTV, however, also has the option under our current development agreement to buy a royalty-bearing software and technology license from us. This license would grant DIRECTV access to our source code and technology to make, modify (with certain exceptions), sell, and distribute DIRECTV receivers with TiVo service to add new subscribers after the expiration of our current agreement.

 

It may be difficult for us or investors to evaluate trends and other factors that affect our business due to the relatively new and highly competitive nature of the DVR services product category combined with our limited operating history.

 

DVR services are a relatively new product category for consumers, and it may be difficult to predict the future growth rate, if any, or size of the market for our products and services. We may be unable to accurately forecast customer behavior and recognize or respond to emerging trends, changing preferences or competitive factors facing us. As a result, we may be unable to make accurate financial forecasts and adjust our spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected

 

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revenue shortfall. Such inability could cause our net losses in a given quarter to be greater than expected, which could cause the price of our stock to decline. Furthermore, we were incorporated in August 1997, and we have been providing subscription services only since March 31, 1999. Prior to that time, our operations consisted primarily of research and development efforts. As a result of our limited operating history, our historical financial and operating information is of limited value in evaluating our future operating results. It may be difficult to predict accurately our future revenues, costs of revenues, expenses, or results of operations. In addition, any evaluation of our business must be made in light of the risks and difficulties encountered by companies offering products or services in new and rapidly evolving markets.

 

We face a number of challenges in the sale and marketing of the TiVo service and products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Our success depends upon the successful retail marketing of the TiVo service and related DVRs, which began in the third quarter of calendar year 1999.

 

Many consumers are not aware of the benefits of our products. DVR products and services represent a relatively new consumer electronics category. Retailers, consumers, and potential partners may perceive little or no benefit from digital video recorder products and services. We have only been providing the TiVo service since 1999. Many consumers are not aware of its benefits, and therefore may not value the TiVo service and products that enable the TiVo service. We will need to devote a substantial amount of time and resources to educate consumers and promote our products in order to increase our subscriptions. We cannot be sure that a broad base of consumers will ultimately subscribe to the TiVo service or purchase the products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Consumers may not be willing to pay for our products and services. Many of our customers already pay monthly fees for cable or satellite television. We must convince these consumers to pay an additional subscription fee to receive the TiVo service. Consumers may perceive the TiVo service and related DVR as too expensive. In order to continue to grow our subscription base, we may need to reduce our costs and lower the price of our DVR. The availability of competing services that do not require subscription fees or that are enabled by low or no cost DVRs will harm our ability to effectively attract and retain subscriptions. In addition, DVRs that enable the TiVo service can be used to pause, rewind, and fast-forward through live shows without an active subscription to the TiVo service. If a significant number of purchasers of the TiVo-enabled DVRs use these devices without subscribing to the TiVo service or cancel their existing subscriptions, our revenue growth will decline and we may not achieve profitability.

 

Growth in our TiVo-Owned subscriptions and related revenues could be harmed by competitive offerings by DIRECTV and Comcast who also would be able to offer the TiVo service . Our ability to grow our TiVo-Owned subscriptions and related revenues could be harmed by competition from our licensing partners, such as DIRECTV and Comcast, who may be able to offer TiVo-branded DVR solutions to their customers at more attractive pricing then we may be able to offer the TiVo service to our TiVo-Owned customers. Furthermore, if we are unable to differentiate the TiVo service from the TiVo-branded DVR solutions offered by our licensing partners, customers who would have otherwise chosen the TiVo service may instead choose to purchase the TiVo-branded DVR solution from our licensing partners. Additionally, to the extent that potential customers defer subscribing to the TiVo service in order to wait for future announced, but not deployed, TiVo-branded DVR solutions from our licensing partners, such as Comcast, the growth of our TiVo-Owned subscriptions could be reduced. If the growth in our TiVo-Owned subscriptions is reduced, our business could be harmed.

 

We compete with other consumer electronics products and home entertainment services for consumer spending. DVRs and the TiVo service compete in markets that are crowded with other consumer electronics products and home entertainment services. The competition for consumer spending is intense, and many consumers on limited budgets may choose other products and services over ours. DVRs compete for consumer spending with products such as DVD players, satellite television systems, personal computers, and video game consoles. The TiVo service competes with home entertainment services such as cable and satellite television, movie rentals, pay-per-view, and video on demand. See “We face intense competition from a number of sources, which may impair our revenues, increase our subscription acquisition costs, and hinder our ability to generate new subscriptions.”

 

Many of these products or services have established markets, broad user bases, and proven consumer acceptance . In addition, many of the manufacturers and distributors of these competing devices and services have substantially greater brand recognition, market presence, distribution channels, advertising and marketing budgets and promotional, and other strategic partners. Faced with this competition, we may be unable to effectively differentiate the DVR or the TiVo service from other consumer electronics devices or entertainment services.

 

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We compete with digital cable and satellite DVRs. Cable and satellite service providers are accelerating deployment of integrated cable and satellite receivers with DVRs that bundle basic DVR services with other digital services and do not require their customers to purchase hardware. If we are not able to enter into agreements with these service providers to embed the TiVo service into their offerings, our ability to attract their subscribers to the TiVo service would be limited and our business, financial condition and results of operations could be harmed.

 

It is expensive to establish a strong brand . We believe that establishing and strengthening the TiVo brand is critical to achieving widespread acceptance of our products and services and to establishing key strategic relationships. The importance of brand recognition will increase as current and potential competitors enter the digital video recorder market with competing products and services. Our ability to promote and position our brand depends largely on the success of our marketing efforts and our ability to provide high quality services and customer support. These activities are expensive and we may not generate a corresponding increase in subscriptions or revenues to justify these costs. If we fail to establish and maintain our brand, or if our brand value is damaged or diluted, we may be unable to attract subscriptions and effectively compete in the digital video recorder market.

 

We rely on our customers and consumer electronics manufacturers to market and distribute our products and services. In addition to our own efforts, our customers and consumer electronics manufacturers distribute DVRs that enable the TiVo service. We rely on their sales forces, marketing budgets and brand images to promote and support DVRs and the TiVo service. We expect to continue to rely on our relationships with these companies to promote and support DVRs and other devices that enable the TiVo service. The loss of one or more of these companies could require us to undertake more of these activities on our own. As a result, we would spend significant resources to support DVRs and other devices that enable the TiVo service. We also expect to rely on DIRECTV and other partners to provide marketing support for the TiVo service. The failure of one or more of these companies to provide anticipated marketing support will require us to divert more of our limited resources to marketing the TiVo service. If we are unable to provide adequate marketing support for DVRs and the TiVo service, our ability to attract subscriptions to the TiVo service will be limited.

 

If we are unable to create or maintain multiple revenue streams, we may not be able to cover our expenses and this could cause our revenues to suffer.

 

Our long-term success depends on our ability to generate revenues from multiple revenue streams. Although our initial success depends on building a significant customer base and generating subscription fees from the TiVo service, our long-term success will depend on securing additional revenue streams such as:

 

    licensing;

 

    advertising;

 

    audience measurement research;

 

    revenues from programmers; and

 

    electronic commerce.

 

In order to derive substantial revenues from these activities, we will need to attract and retain a large and growing base of subscriptions to the TiVo service. We also will need to work closely with television advertisers, cable and satellite network operators, electronic commerce companies, and consumer electronics manufacturers to develop products and services in these areas. We may not be able to work effectively with these parties to develop products that generate revenues that are sufficient to justify their costs. We also may be unable to work with or to continuing working with these parties to distribute video and collect and distribute data or other information to provide these product or services. In addition, we are currently obligated to share a portion of these revenues with several of our strategic partners. Any inability to attract and retain a large and growing group of subscriptions or inability to attract new strategic partners or maintain and extend our relationships with our current strategic partners could seriously harm our ability to support new services and develop new revenue streams.

 

We face risks in connection with our licensing and marketing agreement with Comcast for the development of a TiVo-branded DVR software solution and advertising management system for deployment to Comcast customers.

 

We may never develop the purchased TiVo-branded DVR software solution and/or advertising management system. Pursuant to our agreement with Comcast, development and deployment of the TiVo service software solution and advertising management system is targeted to occur within two years from March 15, 2005, with certain consequences, including, but not

 

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limited to, termination of the agreement in the event development of the TiVo service software solution has not been completed by such date. Our ability to develop and enable deployment by Comcast of the TiVo service software solution and advertising management system within two years could be delayed or prevented by technological problems or a lack of available resources to meet our obligations under the agreement. In the event we fail to deliver either the TiVo service software solution and/or advertising management system to Comcast within two years, our agreement with Comcast could be terminated and our business could be harmed.

 

We may not be successful in our agreement with Comcast. Our ability to benefit from our agreement with Comcast is dependent upon the mass-deployment and adoption of the TiVo service software solution by Comcast customers. Additionally, our ability to benefit from our agreement with Comcast is dependent upon our ability to successfully sell advertising to third parties. Furthermore, Comcast has the right to receive certain most favored terms from us such that if we were to license similar products and services to other parties at more attractive terms than what Comcast receives, then Comcast would be entitled to receive the new more favorable terms. Additionally, Comcast has the right to terminate its agreement with us in the event we are subject to certain specified change of control transactions involving specified companies. In the event any of these events occurred, we would have difficulty generating revenues under the agreement and our business could be harmed.

 

If we are unable to introduce new products or services, or if our new products and services are unsuccessful, the growth in our subscription base and revenues may suffer.

 

To attract and retain subscriptions and generate revenues, we must continue to maintain and add to our functionality and content and introduce products and services which embody new technologies and, in some instances, new industry standards. This challenge will require hardware and software improvements, as well as maintaining and adding new collaborations with programmers, advertisers, network operators, hardware manufacturers, and other strategic partners. These activities require significant time and resources and may require us to develop and promote new ways of generating revenue with established companies in the television industry. These companies include television advertisers, cable and satellite network operators, electronic commerce companies, and consumer electronics manufacturers. In each of these examples, a small number of large companies dominate a major portion of the market and may be reluctant to work with us to develop new products and services for digital video recorders as well as maintain our current functionality. If we are unable to maintain and further develop and improve the TiVo service or maintain and expand our operations in a cost-effective or timely manner, our ability to attract and retain customers and generate revenue will suffer.

 

We face risks in the development of an entertainment offering involving the distribution of digital content.

 

We previously announced on September 30, 2004 a joint development agreement with Netflix, Inc. involving the development of a joint entertainment offering for the distribution of digital content. Our joint development agreement with Netflix involves no long-term commitments nor significant economic benefits for either company. In the future, we may be unable to develop a joint entertainment offering with Netflix or may develop an entertainment offering involving the distribution of digital content separately or with other third parties. We face competitive, technological, and financial risks in the development of an entertainment offering involving the distribution of digital content. If we are unable to develop a competitive entertainment offering in the future with Netflix, on our own, or with a third party, our business could be adversely affected.

 

Our ability to retain our current customers may decrease in the future which could increase our TiVo-Owned subscription monthly churn rate and could cause our revenues to suffer.

 

We believe factors such as increased competition in the DVR marketplace, increased price sensitivity in the consumer base, any deterioration in the quality of our service, or product lifetime subscriptions no longer using our service may cause our TiVo-Owned subscription monthly churn rate to increase. If we are unable to retain our subscriptions by limiting the factors that we believe increase subscription churn, our ability to grow our subscription base could suffer and our revenues could be harmed.

 

If we fail to manage our growth, it could disrupt our business and impair our ability to generate revenues.

 

The growth in our subscription base has placed, and will continue to place, a significant strain on our management, operational and financial resources and systems. Specific risks we face as our business expands include:

 

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Any inability of our systems to accommodate our expected subscription growth, or any inability of our TiVo.com website to handle expected customer traffic, may cause service interruptions or delay our introduction of new services and limit our ability to sell the TiVo service and TiVo-enabled DVRs . We internally developed many of the systems we use to provide the TiVo service and perform other processing functions. The ability of these systems to scale as we rapidly add new subscriptions is unproven. We must continually improve these systems to accommodate subscription growth and add features and functionality to the TiVo service. Our inability to add software and hardware or to upgrade our technology, systems or network infrastructure could adversely affect our business, cause service interruptions or delay the introduction of new services. Our inability to manage customer traffic and sales volume through our TiVo.com website could limit our ability to sell the TiVo service and TiVo-enabled DVRs in the future. If our website were to become unavailable for a significant amount of time, our ability to provide certain features of the TiVo service and our ability to service customers and sell the TiVo service and TiVo-enabled DVRs would be harmed.

 

We will need to provide acceptable customer support, and any inability to do so would harm our brand and ability to generate and retain new subscriptions . Our ability to increase sales, retain current and future subscriptions and strengthen our brand will depend in part upon the quality of our customer support operations. Some customers require significant support when installing the DVR and becoming acquainted with the features and functionality of the TiVo service. We have limited experience with widespread deployment of our products and services to a diverse customer base, and we may not have adequate personnel to provide the levels of support that our customers require. In addition, we have entered into agreements with third parties to provide this support and will rely on them for a substantial portion of our customer support functions. Our failure to provide adequate customer support for the TiVo service and DVR will damage our reputation in the digital video recorder and consumer electronics marketplace and strain our relationships with customers and consumer electronics manufacturers. This could prevent us from gaining new or retaining existing subscriptions and could cause harm to our reputation and brand.

 

We will need to improve our operational and financial systems to support our expected growth, and any inability to do so will adversely affect our billing and reporting . To manage the expected growth of our operations, we will need to improve our operational and financial systems, procedures and controls. Our current and planned systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support our future operations and expected growth. For example, we replaced our accounting and billing system at the beginning of August 2000. Delays or problems associated with any improvement or expansion of our operational and financial systems and controls could adversely affect our relationships with our customers and cause harm to our reputation and brand. Delays or problems associated with any improvement or expansion of our operational and financial systems and controls could also result in errors in our financial and other reporting.

 

We must manage product transitions successfully in order to remain competitive.

 

The introduction of a new product or product line is a complex task, involving significant expenditures in research and development, training, promotion and sales channel development, and management of existing product inventories to reduce the cost associated with returns and slow moving inventory. As new products are introduced, we intend to monitor closely the inventory of products to be replaced, and to phase out their manufacture in a controlled manner. However, we cannot assure you that we will be able to execute product transitions in this manner or that product transitions will be executed without harming our operating results. Failure to develop products with required features and performance levels or any delay in bringing a new product to market could significantly reduce our revenues and harm our competitive position.

 

The lifetime subscriptions to the TiVo service that we currently offer commit us to providing services for an indefinite period. The revenue we generate from these subscriptions may be insufficient to cover future costs.

 

We currently offer product lifetime subscriptions that commit us to provide service for as long as the DVR is in service. We receive the product lifetime subscription fee for the TiVo service in advance and amortize it as subscription revenue over four years, which is our estimate of the service life of the DVR. If these product lifetime subscriptions use the DVR for longer than anticipated, we will incur costs such as telecommunications and customer support costs without a corresponding revenue stream and therefore will be required to fund ongoing costs of service from other sources. As of July 31, 2005, we had approximately 83,000 product lifetime subscriptions, or approximately 2.3% of our total installed subscription base of TiVo-Owned and DIRECTV subscriptions, that had exceeded the four-year period we use to recognize product lifetime subscription revenues and had made contact to the TiVo service within the prior six-month period. If the useful life of the recorder were shorter or longer than four-years, we would recognize revenues earlier or later. Our product is still relatively new, and as we gather more user information, we might revise this estimated life.

 

We share a substantial portion of the revenue we generate from subscription fees with some of our retail customers and consumer electronics companies. We may be unable to generate enough revenue to cover these obligations.

 

In some of our agreements, we have agreed to share a substantial portion of our subscription and other fees with some of our retail customers and consumer electronics manufacturing companies in exchange for manufacturing, distribution and marketing support, and discounts on key components for DVRs. These agreements require us to share substantial portions of the subscription and other fees attributable to the same subscription with multiple companies. These agreements also require

 

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us to share a portion of our subscription fees whether or not we increase or decrease the price of the TiVo service. If we change our subscription fees in response to competitive or other market factors, our operating results would be adversely affected. Our decision to share subscription revenues is based on our expectation that these relationships will help us obtain subscriptions, broaden market acceptance of digital video recorders, and increase our future revenues. If these expectations are not met, we may be unable to generate sufficient revenue to cover our expenses and obligations.

 

Tiered pricing for the TiVo service may reduce our average revenue per user.

 

We may elect to offer additional tiers of the TiVo service at various price points, which may have the effect of reducing our average revenue per user.

 

The nature of some of our business relationships may restrict our ability to operate freely in the future.

 

From time to time, we have engaged and may engage in the future in discussions with other parties concerning business relationships, which have and may include equity investments by such parties in our company. While we believe that such business relationships have enhanced our ability to finance and develop our business model, the terms and conditions of such business relationships may place some restrictions on the operation of our business in the future.

 

Entertainment companies or video distributors may claim that some of the features of our DVRs violate copyright or trademark laws, which could force us to incur significant costs in defending such actions and affect our ability to market the TiVo service and the products that enable the TiVo service.

 

Although we have not been the subject of such actions to date, one of our former competitor’s digital video recorders was the subject of several copyright infringement lawsuits by a number of major entertainment companies, including the major television networks. These lawsuits alleged that the competitor’s digital video recorders violate copyright laws by allowing users to skip commercials, delete recordings only when instructed and use the Internet to send recorded materials to other users. TiVo-enabled DVRs have some similar features, including the ability to fast-forward through commercials, the ability to delete recordings only when instructed and the ability to transfer recordings from a TiVo-enabled DVR to a PC via TiVoToGo transfers. Based on market or consumer pressures, we may decide in the future to add additional features similar to those of our former competitors or that may otherwise be objectionable to entertainment companies. If similar actions are filed against us based on current or future features of our DVRs, entertainment companies may seek injunctions to prevent us from including these features and/or damages. Such litigation can be costly and may divert the efforts of our management. Furthermore, if we were ordered to remove features from our DVRs, we may experience increased difficulty in marketing the TiVo service and related TiVo-enabled DVRs and may suffer reduced revenues as a result.

 

Entertainment companies or video distributors may claim that our advertising features violate copyright or trademark laws, which could force us to incur significant costs in defending such actions and affect our ability to generate advertising revenues.

 

Entertainment companies or video distributors may claim that our advertising features violate copyright or trademark laws by being placed adjacent to, or on top of, existing video programming or advertising. Entertainment companies or video distributors may seek injunctions to prevent us from offering these features and/or damages. Such litigation can be costly and may divert the efforts of our management. Furthermore, if we were ordered to remove advertising features from our DVRs, we may suffer reduced revenues as a result.

 

Our success depends on our ability to secure and protect our patents, trademarks and other proprietary rights.

 

Our success and ability to compete are substantially dependent upon our internally developed technology. We rely on patent, trademark and copyright law, trade secret protection and confidentiality or license agreements with our employees, customers, partners and others to protect our intellectual property rights. However, the steps we take to protect our proprietary rights may be inadequate. We have filed patent applications and provisional patent applications covering substantially all of the technology used to deliver the TiVo service and its features and functionality. To date, several of these patents have been granted, but we cannot assure you that any additional patents will ever be granted, that any issued patents will protect our intellectual property or that third parties will not challenge any issued patents. In addition, other parties may independently develop similar or competing technologies designed around any patents that may be issued to us. Our failure to secure and protect our proprietary rights could have a material adverse effect on our business.

 

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We have filed a patent infringement lawsuit against EchoStar Communications Corporation. We may incur significant expenses as a result, and an adverse outcome in the lawsuit could harm our business.

 

On January 5, 2004, we filed a complaint against EchoStar Communications Corporation in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas alleging willful and deliberate infringement of U.S. Patent No. 6,233,389, entitled “Multimedia Time Warping System.” On January 15, 2004, we amended our complaint to add EchoStar DBS Corporation, EchoStar Technologies Corporation, and Echosphere Limited Liability Corporation as additional defendants. We allege that we are the owner of this patent and further allege that the defendants have willfully and deliberately infringed this patent by making, selling, offering to sell and/or selling digital video recording devices, digital video recording device software, and/or personal television services in the United States. On March 9, 2005, the Court denied motions to dismiss and transfer our patent infringement case against EchoStar Communications Corporation and its affiliates. On August 18, 2005, the Court issued a claim construction order. The Court scheduled jury selection to begin October 11 and 12, 2005 and trial is scheduled to begin October 24, 2005 in Marshall, Texas. We seek unspecified monetary damages as well as an injunction against the defendants’ further infringement of the patent. We could incur material expenses in this litigation.

 

We could be prevented from selling or developing our TiVo software if the GNU General Public License governing the Linux operating system and Linux kernel and similar licenses under which our product is developed and licensed is not enforceable.

 

Our TiVo software includes parts of the Linux kernel and the Linux operating system. The Linux kernel and the Linux operating system have been developed and licensed under the GNU General Public License and similar open source licenses. These licenses state that any program licensed under them may be liberally copied, modified, and distributed. The GNU General Public license is a subject of litigation in the case of The SCO Group, Inc. v. International Business Machines Corp., pending in the United States District Court for the District of Utah. SCO Group, Inc., or SCO, has publicly alleged that certain versions of the Linux kernel contain unauthorized UNIX code or derivative works of UNIX code. Uncertainty concerning SCO’s allegations, regardless of their merit, could adversely affect our manufacturing and other customer and supplier relationships. It is possible that a court would hold these open source licenses to be unenforceable in that litigation or that someone could assert a claim for proprietary rights in our TiVo software that runs on a Linux-based operating system. Any ruling by a court that these licenses are not enforceable, or that Linux-based operating systems, or significant portions of them, may not be liberally copied, modified or distributed, would have the effect of preventing us from selling or developing our TiVo software and would adversely affect our business.

 

If there is an adverse outcome in the class action litigation that has been filed against us, our business may be harmed.

 

We and certain of our officers and directors are named as defendants in a consolidated securities class action lawsuit filed in the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York. This action, which is captioned Wercberger v. TiVo et al. , also names several of the underwriters involved in our initial public offering as defendants. This class action is brought on behalf of a purported class of purchasers of our common stock from September 30, 1999, the time of our initial public offering, through December 6, 2000. The central allegation in this action is that our IPO underwriters solicited and received undisclosed commissions from, and entered into undisclosed arrangements with, certain investors who purchased our common stock in our IPO and in the after-market. The complaint also alleges that the TiVo defendants violated the federal securities laws by failing to disclose in our IPO prospectus that the underwriters had engaged in these alleged arrangements. More than 150 issuers have been named in similar lawsuits. In July 2002, an omnibus motion to dismiss all complaints against issuers and individual defendants affiliated with issuers (including the TiVo defendants) was filed by the entire group of issuer defendants in these similar actions. On October 8, 2002, our officers were dismissed as defendants in the lawsuit. On February 19, 2003, the court in this action issued its decision on defendants’ omnibus motion to dismiss. This decision dismissed the Section 10(b) claim as to TiVo but denied the motion to dismiss the Section 11 claim as to TiVo and virtually all of the other issuer-defendants.

 

On June 26, 2003, the plaintiffs announced a proposed settlement with the Company and the other issuer defendants. The proposed settlement provides that the plaintiffs will be guaranteed $1.0 billion dollars in recoveries by the insurers of the Company and other issuer defendants. Accordingly, any direct financial impact of the proposed settlement is expected to be borne by the Company’s insurers in accordance with the proposed settlement. In addition, the Company and the other settling issuer defendants will assign to the plaintiffs certain claims that they may have against the underwriters. If recoveries in excess of $1.0 billion dollars are obtained by the plaintiffs from the underwriters, the Company’s and the other issuers defendants’ monetary obligations to the class plaintiffs will be satisfied. Furthermore, the settlement is subject to a hearing on fairness and approval by the Federal District Court overseeing the IPO Litigation. On February 15, 2005, the Court issued an order preliminarily approving the terms of the proposed settlement. The Court also certified the settlement classes and class representatives for purposes of the settlement only. Due to the inherent uncertainties of litigation and assignment of claims

 

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against the underwriters, and because the settlement has not yet been finally approved by the Federal District Court, the ultimate outcome of the matter cannot presently be predicted. In the event that the Court does not approve the final settlement, we believe we have meritorious defenses and intend to defend this action vigorously; however, we could be forced to incur material expenses in the litigation, and in the event there is an adverse outcome, our business could be harmed.

 

Legislation, laws or regulations that govern the television industry, the delivery of programming and the collection of viewing information from subscriptions could expose us to legal action if we fail to comply or could require us to change our business.

 

The delivery of television programming and the collection of viewing information from subscriptions via the TiVo service and a DVR represent a relatively new category in the television and home entertainment industries. As such, it is difficult to predict what laws or regulations will govern our business. Changes in the regulatory climate, the enactment of new legislation, or the expansion, enforcement or interpretation of existing laws could expose us to additional costs and expenses and could require changes to our business. For example, legislation regarding customer privacy or copyright could be enacted or expanded to apply to the TiVo service, which could adversely affect our business. New or existing copyright laws could be applied to restrict the capture of television programming, which would adversely affect our business. It is unknown whether existing laws and regulations will apply to the digital video recorder market. Therefore, it is difficult to anticipate the impact of current or future laws and regulations on our business. We may have significant expenses associated with staying appraised of local, state, federal, and international legislation and regulation of our business and in presenting TiVo’s positions on proposed laws and regulations.

 

The Federal Communications Commission, or FCC, has broad jurisdiction over the telecommunications and cable industries. The majority of FCC regulations, while not directly affecting us, do affect many of the companies upon whom we substantially rely for the marketing and distribution of the DVR and the TiVo service. As such, the indirect effect of these regulations may adversely affect our business. In addition, the FCC could promulgate new regulations, or interpret existing regulations in a manner that would cause us to incur significant compliance costs or force us to alter the features or functionality of the TiVo service.

 

Recently enacted and proposed changes in securities laws and regulations are likely to increase our costs and may affect our ability to be in compliance with such new corporate governance provisions in the future.

 

The existing federal securities laws and regulations impose complex and continually changing regulatory requirements on our operations and reporting. With the enactment of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 in July 2002, a significant number of new corporate governance requirements have been adopted or proposed. These new requirements impose comprehensive reporting and disclosure requirements, set stricter independence and financial expertise standards for audit committee members, and impose increased civil and criminal penalties for companies, their chief executive officers, chief financial officers and directors for securities law violations. We expect these developments to increase our legal compliance costs, increase the difficulty and expense in obtaining director and officer liability insurance, and make it harder for us to attract and retain qualified members of our board of directors and/or qualified executive officers. Such developments could harm our results of operations and divert management’s attention from business operations.

 

Our business could be adversely impacted if we have deficiencies in our disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial reporting.

 

The design and effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting may not prevent all errors, misstatements or misrepresentations. While management continues to review the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting, we can not assure you that our disclosure controls and procedures and internal control over financial reporting will be effective in accomplishing all control objectives all of the time. Deficiencies, particularly a material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, which may occur in the future could result in misstatements of our results of operations, restatements of our financial statements, a decline in our stock price, or otherwise materially adversely affect our business, reputation, results of operation, financial condition or liquidity.

 

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The current legislative and regulatory environment affecting accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America is uncertain and volatile, and significant changes in current principles could affect our financial statements going forward.

 

The accounting rules and regulations that we must comply with are complex and continually changing. Recent actions and public comments from the Securities Exchange Commission have focused on the integrity of financial reporting generally. Similarly, the U.S. Congress has considered a variety of bills that could affect certain accounting principles. The FASB has recently introduced several new or proposed accounting standards or are developing new proposed standards, such as SFAS No. 123(R), related to accounting for stock options, which would represent a significant change from current industry practices. In addition, many companies’ accounting policies are being subject to heightened scrutiny by regulators and the public. While we believe that our financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, we cannot predict the impact of future changes to accounting principles or our accounting policies on our financial statements going forward. In addition, were we to change our critical accounting estimates, including the recognition of revenue from our product lifetime subscriptions, our results of operations could be significantly impacted.

 

We need to safeguard the security and privacy of our subscriptions’ confidential data, and any inability to do so may harm our reputation and brand and expose us to legal action.

 

The DVR collects and stores viewer preferences and other data that many of our customers consider confidential. Any compromise or breach of the encryption and other security measures that we use to protect this data could harm our reputation and expose us to potential liability. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other events or developments could compromise or breach the systems we use to protect our subscriptions’ confidential information. We may be required to make significant expenditures to protect against security breaches or to remedy problems caused by any breaches.

 

Uncertainty in the marketplace regarding the use of data from subscriptions could reduce demand for the TiVo service and result in increased expenses . Consumers may be concerned about the use of viewing information gathered by the TiVo service and the DVR. Currently, we gather anonymous information about our customers’ viewing choices while using the TiVo service, unless a customer affirmatively consents to the collection of personally identifiable viewing information. This anonymous viewing information does not identify the individual customer. Privacy concerns, however, could create uncertainty in the marketplace for digital video recording and for our products and services. Changes in our privacy policy could reduce demand for the TiVo service, increase the cost of doing business as a result of litigation costs or increased service delivery costs, or otherwise harm our reputation and business.

 

We have limited experience in overseeing manufacturing processes and managing inventory and failure to do so effectively may result in supply imbalances or product recalls that could harm our business.

 

We have contracted for the manufacture of certain TiVo-enabled DVRs with a contract manufacturer. We sell these units to retailers and distributors, as well as through our own online sales efforts. As part of this effort, we expect to maintain some finished goods inventory of the units throughout the year. Overseeing manufacturing processes and managing inventory are outside of our core business and our experience in these areas is limited. If we fail to effectively oversee the manufacturing process and manage inventory, we may suffer from insufficient inventory to meet consumer demand or excess inventory. Ineffective oversight of the manufacturing process could also result in product recalls. We record adjustments to our inventory, when appropriate, to reflect inventory at lower of cost or market. As a result, during the six months ended July 31, 2005, we recorded a charge to costs of goods sold of $3.2 million related to a write down of inventory and inventory that we are committed to purchase, of which $2.4 million is still remaining in our inventory reserves. In the future, we may be required to do additional write-downs of inventory as a result of future assessments.

 

Product defects, system failures or interruptions to the TiVo service may have a negative impact on our revenues, damage our reputation and decrease our ability to attract new customers.

 

Our ability to provide uninterrupted service and high quality customer support depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and communications systems. Our computer hardware and other operating systems for the TiVo service are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, telecommunication failures and similar events. They are also subject to break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism and similar misconduct. These types of interruptions in the TiVo service may reduce our revenues and profits. We currently house the server hardware that delivers the TiVo service at only one location and continue to explore the benefits of establishing a backup facility. Our business also will be harmed if consumers believe our service is unreliable. In addition to placing increased burdens on our engineering staff, service outages will create a flood of customer questions and complaints that must be responded to by our customer support personnel. Any frequent or persistent system failures could irreparably damage our

 

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reputation and brand and possibly trigger requests for refunds on subscriptions fees and hardware purchases and possible consumer litigation.

 

We have detected and may continue to detect errors and product defects. These problems can affect system uptime and result in significant warranty and repair problems, which could cause customer service and customer relations problems. Correcting errors in our software or fixing defects in our products requires significant time and resources, which could delay product releases and affect market acceptance of the TiVo service. Any delivery by us of products or upgrades with undetected material product defects or software errors could harm our credibility and market acceptance of the DVRs and the TiVo service. In addition, defective products could cause a risk of injury that may subject us to litigation or cause us to have to undertake a product recall. For example, we have become aware of occasions where a part has come loose from the remote control device that comes with the DVRs that enable the TiVo service, including occurrences where a young child has gagged on or ingested a part of the remote control device. While we are unaware of any injuries resulting from the use of our products, we may be subject to products liability litigation in the future. Additionally, if we are required to repair or replace any of our products, we could incur significant costs, which would have a negative impact on our financial condition and results of operations.

 

If we lose key management personnel, we may not be able to successfully operate our business.

 

Our future performance will be substantially dependent on the continued services of our senior management and other key personnel. The loss of any members of our executive management team and our inability to hire additional executive management could harm our business and results of operations. In addition, we do not have key man insurance policies for any of our key personnel which may adversely affect our ability to attract new executives.

 

Our Certificate of Incorporation, Bylaws, Rights Agreement and Delaware law could discourage a third party from acquiring us and consequently decrease the market value of our common stock.

 

We may become the subject of an unsolicited attempted takeover of our company. Although an unsolicited takeover could be in the best interests of our stockholders, certain provisions of Delaware law, our organizational documents and our Rights Agreement could be impediments to such a takeover.

 

We are subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, an anti-takeover law. In general, the statute prohibits a publicly held Delaware corporation from engaging in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years after the date of the transaction in which the person became an interested stockholder, unless the business combination is approved in a prescribed manner. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws also require that any action required or permitted to be taken by our stockholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the stockholders and may not be effected by a consent in writing. In addition, special meetings of our stockholders may be called only by a majority of the total number of authorized directors, the chairman of the board, our chief executive officer or the holders of 50% or more of our common stock. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws also provide that directors may be removed only for cause by a vote of a majority of the stockholders and that vacancies on the board of directors created either by resignation, death, disqualification, removal or by an increase in the size of the board of directors may be filled by a majority of the directors in office, although less than a quorum. Our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation also provides for a classified board of directors and specifies that the authorized number of directors may be changed only by resolution of the board of directors.

 

On January 9, 2001, our board of directors adopted a Rights Agreement. Each share of our common stock has attached to it a right to purchase one one-hundredth of a share of our Series B Junior Participating Preferred Stock at a price of $60 per one one-hundredth of a preferred share. Subject to limited exceptions, the rights will become exercisable following the tenth day after a person or group announces the acquisition of 15% or more (or 30.01% or more in the case of America Online, Inc. and its affiliates and associates until such time as America Online and its affiliates and associates cease to beneficially own any common shares) of our common stock, and thereby becomes an “acquiring person,” or announces commencement of a tender offer or exchange offer, the consummation of which would result in the ownership by the person or group of 15% or more (or 30.01% or more in the case of America Online and its affiliates and associates until such time as America Online and its affiliates and associates cease to beneficially own any common shares) of our common stock. The rights are not exercisable as of the date of this filing. We will be entitled to redeem the rights at $0.01 per right at any time prior to the time that a person or group becomes an acquiring person.

 

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These provisions of Delaware law, our Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and Amended and Restated Bylaws and our Rights Agreement could make it more difficult for us to be acquired by another company, even if our acquisition is in the best interests of our stockholders. Any delay or prevention of a change of control or change in management could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

 

In the future, our revenues and operating results may fluctuate significantly, which may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

We expect our revenues and operating results to fluctuate significantly due to a number of factors, many of which are outside of our control. Therefore, you should not rely on period-to-period comparisons of results of operations as an indication of our future performance. It is possible that in some periods our operating results may fall below the expectations of market analysts and investors. In this event, the market price of our common stock would likely fall.

 

Factors that may affect our quarterly operating results include:

 

    demand for TiVo-enabled DVRs and the TiVo service;

 

    the timing and introduction of new services and features on the TiVo service;

 

    seasonality and other consumer and advertising trends;

 

    changes in revenue sharing arrangements with our strategic relationships;

 

    entering into new or terminating existing strategic partnerships;

 

    changes in the subsidy payments we make to certain strategic relationships;

 

    changes in our pricing policies, the pricing policies of our competitors and general pricing trends in the consumer electronics market;

 

    timing of revenue recognition under our licensing agreements;

 

    loss of subscriptions to the TiVo service; and

 

    general economic conditions.

 

Because our expenses precede associated revenues, unanticipated shortfalls in revenues could adversely affect our results of operations for any given period and cause the market price of our common stock to fall.

 

Seasonal trends may cause our quarterly operating results to fluctuate and our inability to forecast these trends may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

Consumer electronic product sales have traditionally been much higher during the holiday shopping season than during other times of the year. Although predicting consumer demand for our products is very difficult, we have experienced that sales of DVRs and new subscriptions to the TiVo service have been disproportionately high during the holiday shopping season when compared to other times of the year. If we are unable to accurately forecast and respond to consumer demand for our products, our reputation and brand will suffer and the market price of our common stock would likely fall.

 

We expect that a portion of our future revenues will come from targeted commercials and other forms of television advertising enabled by the TiVo service. Expenditures by advertisers tend to be seasonal and cyclical, reflecting overall economic conditions as well as budgeting and buying patterns. A decline in the economic prospects of advertisers or the economy in general could alter current or prospective advertisers’ spending priorities or increase the time it takes to close a sale with our advertisers, which could cause our revenues from advertisements to decline significantly in any given period.

 

If we are unable to raise additional capital on acceptable terms, our ability to effectively manage growth and build a strong brand could be harmed.

 

We expect that our existing capital resources will be sufficient to meet our cash requirements through the next twelve months. However, as we continue to grow our business, we may need to raise additional capital, which may not be available on acceptable terms or at all. If we cannot raise necessary additional capital on acceptable terms, we may not be able to

 

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develop or enhance our products and services, take advantage of future opportunities or respond to competitive pressures or unanticipated requirements.

 

If additional capital is raised through the issuance of equity securities, the percentage ownership of our existing stockholders will decline, stockholders may experience dilution in net book value per share, or these equity securities may have rights, preferences or privileges senior to those of the holders of our common stock. Any debt financing, if available, may involve covenants limiting, or restricting our operations or future opportunities.

 

The large number of shares available for future sale could adversely affect the market price for our stock.

 

Sales of a substantial number of shares of our common stock in the public market or the perception that such sales might occur could adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Several of our stockholders own a substantial number of our shares.

 

In August 2001, we issued five year warrants to convertible noteholders and bankers to purchase 2,046,570 shares and 145,834 shares of TiVo common stock, respectively, at an exercise price of $7.85 per share. The warrants expire in 2006. In October 2002 we issued to certain institutional investors three-year warrants to purchase 1,323,120 shares and four-year warrants to purchase 1,323,120 shares of TiVo common stock at an exercise price of $5.00. During June 2005, 1,029,095 warrants were exercised for 286,643 shares of common stock leaving a remaining 3,809,549 warrants. These warrants expire in 2006.

 

As of July 31, 2005, options to purchase a total of 18,673,953 shares were outstanding under our option and equity incentive plans, and there were 10,167,486 shares available for future grants. We have filed registration statements with respect to the shares of common stock issuable under our option and equity incentive plans.

 

Future sales of the shares of the common stock, or the registration for sale of such common stock, or the issuance of common stock to satisfy our current or future cash payment obligations or to acquire technology, property, or other businesses, could cause immediate dilution and adversely affect the market price of our common stock. The sale or issuance of such stock, as well as the existence of outstanding options and shares of common stock reserved for issuance under our option and equity incentive plans, as well as the shares issuable upon conversion or exercise of our outstanding convertible notes and warrants, also may adversely affect the terms upon which we are able to obtain additional capital through the sale of equity securities.

 

We expect to continue to experience volatility in our stock price.

 

The market price of our common stock is highly volatile. Since our initial public offering in September 1999 through August 26, 2005, our common stock has closed between $71.50 per share and $2.55 per share, closing at $5.01 on August 26, 2005. The market price of our common stock may be subject to significant fluctuations in response to, among other things, the factors discussed in this section and the following factors:

 

    changes in estimates of our financial performance or changes in recommendations by securities analysts;

 

    our failure to meet, or our ability to exceed, the expectations of securities analysts or investors;

 

    release of new or enhanced products or introduction of new marketing initiatives by us or our competitors;

 

    announcements by us or our competitors of the creation, developments under or termination of significant strategic relationships, joint ventures, significant contracts or acquisitions;

 

    fluctuations in the market prices generally for technology and media-related stocks;

 

    fluctuations in general economic conditions;

 

    fluctuations in interest rates;

 

    market conditions affecting the television and home entertainment industry and the technology sector;

 

    fluctuations in operating results; and

 

    additions or departures of key personnel.

 

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The stock market has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, which have particularly affected the market prices for emerging companies, and which have often been unrelated to their operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

 

This quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains certain forward-looking statements within the meaning of section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These statements relate to, among other things:

 

    our future investments in subscription acquisition activities including rebate offers to consumers, advertising expenditures, and other marketing activities;

 

    our future earnings including expected future service and technology revenues;

 

    our financial results, and expectations for profitability in the future;

 

    possible future increases in our general and administrative expenses including expenditures related to lawsuits involving the Company such as the EchoStar patent infringement cases;

 

    possible future increases in our operating expenses including increases in customer support and retention expenditures;

 

    future subscription growth of both TiVo-Owned and DIRECTV subscriptions;

 

    our estimates of the useful life of TiVo-enabled DVRs in connection with the recognition of revenue received from product lifetime subscriptions;

 

    consumer rebate redemption rates and sales incentive programs;

 

    our intentions to continue to grow the number of TiVo-Owned subscriptions through our relationships with major retailers;

 

    our expectations related to future increases in advertising and audience measurement research revenues;

 

    our expectations related to changes in the cost of our hardware revenues and the reasons for changes in the volume of DVRs sold to retailers;

 

    our ability to fund operations, capital expenditures, and working capital needs during the next year; and

 

    our ability to raise additional capital through the financial markets in the future.

 

Forward-looking statements generally can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “believe,” “expect,” “may,” “will,” “intend,” “estimate,” “continue,” “ongoing,” “predict,” “potential,” and “anticipate” or similar expressions or the negative of those terms or expressions. These statements involve known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors, which may cause our actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. Such factors include, among others, the information contained under the caption “Part I, Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” in this quarterly report. The reader is cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which reflect management’s analysis only as of the date of this quarterly report and we undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statements in this quarterly report. The reader is strongly urged to read the information set forth under the caption “Part I, Item 2, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” in particular “Factors That May Affect Future Operating Results,” for a more detailed description of these significant risks and uncertainties.

 

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I TEM  3. Q UANTITATIVE AND Q UALITATIVE D ISCLOSURES A BOUT M ARKET R ISK

 

Our exposure to market risk for changes in interest rates relates primarily to our investment portfolio. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment portfolio and we conduct transactions in U.S. dollars. Our investment portfolio only includes highly liquid instruments with original maturities of less than one year.

 

We are subject to fluctuating interest rates that may affect, adversely or otherwise, our results of operations or cash flows for our cash and cash equivalents and our short-term investments.

 

The table below presents principal amounts and related weighted average interest rates as of July 31, 2005 for our cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments.

 

Cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments (in thousands)

   $ 103,823  

Average interest rate

     2.81 %

 

Although payments under the operating lease for our facility are tied to market indices, we are not exposed to material interest rate risk associated with the operating lease.

 

I TEM  4. C ONTROLS AND P ROCEDURES

 

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended), that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.

 

In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, our management recognized that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and our management necessarily was required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.

 

As required by Rule13a-15(b) and 15d-15(b) under the Exchange Act, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the fiscal quarter covered by this report. Based upon the foregoing, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in reaching a level of reasonable assurance in achieving our desired control objectives.

 

There have been no significant changes in our internal controls over financial reporting during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

 

PART II : OTHER INFORMATION

 

I TEM  1. L EGAL P ROCEEDINGS .

 

The information under the heading Legal Matters set forth under Note 8 of Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, included in Part I, Item 1. of this Report, is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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I TEM  2. U NREGISTERED S ALES OF E QUITY S ECURITIES AND U SE OF P ROCEEDS .

 

None.

 

I TEM  3. D EFAULTS U PON S ENIOR S ECURITIES .

 

None.

 

I TEM  4. S UBMISSION OF M ATTERS TO A V OTE OF S ECURITY H OLDERS .

 

The Annual Meeting of Stockholders of TiVo Inc. was held at the offices of Latham & Watkins LLP, 135 Commonwealth Drive, Menlo Park, California on August 3, 2005. Out of 83,420,022 shares of Common Stock (as of the record date of June 8, 2005) entitled to vote at the meeting, 74,382,964 shares were present in person or by proxy.

 

The vote for nominated directors, to serve until the 2007 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, and until their successors are elected, was as follows:

 

NOMINEE


   IN FAVOR

   WITHHELD

David H. Courtney

   74,116,024    266,940

Thomas S. Rogers

   74,208,282    174,682

Joseph Uva

   70,430,150    3,952,814

 

The following directors terms of office continued after the meeting: Michael Ramsay, Charles B. Fruit, Randy Komisar, Mark W. Perry, Geoffrey Y. Yang, and David M. Zaslav.

 

The results of voting on the ratification of the selection of KPMG LLP as independent auditors for the Company for the fiscal year ending January 31, 2006, were as follows:

 

IN FAVOR


   OPPOSED

   ABSTAIN

74,219,380

   114,735    48,849

 

I TEM  5. O THER I NFORMATION .

 

None.

 

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I TEM  6. E XHIBITS AND F INANCIAL S TATEMENT S CHEDULES .

 

(a) EXHIBITS

 

EXHIBIT
NUMBER


  

DESCRIPTION


10.0+    Amendment to the Television Listing Data Agreement between TiVo Inc. and Tribune Media Services, Inc., dated June 28, 2005 (filed herewith).
10.1      Employment Agreement between Thomas S. Rogers and TiVo Inc., effective July 1, 2005 (filed herewith).
10.2      Change of Control Agreement between Thomas S. Rogers and TiVo Inc., effective July 1, 2005 (filed herewith).
10.3      Employment Transition Agreement between Michael Ramsay and TiVo Inc., effective July 29, 2005 (filed herewith).
10.4      Form of Stock Option Agreement for Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (filed herewith).
10.5      Form of Stock Appreciation Rights Agreement for Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (filed herewith).
10.6      Form of Restricted Stock Bonus Agreement for Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (filed herewith).
10.7      TiVo Inc. Amended & Restated 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (filed herewith).
10.8      TiVo Inc. Amended & Restated 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan Offering Document (filed herewith).
31.1      Certification of Thomas S. Rogers, President and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated September 9, 2005 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2      Certification of David H. Courtney, Executive Vice President, Group Executive, Corporate Products & Services Group, and Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated September 9, 2005 pursuant to Securities Exchange Act Rules 13a-14(a) and 15d-14(a) as adopted pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.1      Certification of Thomas S. Rogers, President and Chief Executive Officer of TiVo Inc. dated September 9, 2005 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32.2      Certification of David H. Courtney, Executive Vice President, Group Executive, Corporate Products & Services Group, and Chief Financial Officer of TiVo Inc. dated September 9, 2005 in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

+ Confidential Treatment has been requested as to portions of this exhibit.

 

Trademark Acknowledgments

 

“TiVo,” the TiVo Logo, TiVo Smile Design, “TiVo Central,” “Can’t Miss TV,” “Ipreview,” the Jump Logo, “Personal Video Recorder,” “See it, want it, get it,” “TiVoMatic,” “TiVo, TV Your Way,” “TiVolution,” the Thumbs Up Logo, the Thumbs Down Logo, “What you want, when you want it,” and WishList are registered trademarks of TiVo Inc.

 

“Active Preview,” “Home Media Option”, “Overtime Scheduler,” “Primetime Anytime,” “Season Pass,” and TiVo Series2 (logo and text) are trademarks of TiVo Inc. All other trademarks or trade names appearing in this report are the property of their respective owners.

 

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S IGNATURES

 

Pursuant to the requirements the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this Report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

        TIVO INC.
Date:  

September 9, 2005

      By:   /s/    T HOMAS S. R OGERS        
                Thomas S. Rogers
                President and Chief Executive
                (Principal Executive Officer)
Date:  

September 9, 2005

      By:   /s/    D AVID H. C OURTNEY        
                David H. Courtney
                Executive Vice President,
                Group Executive, Corporate Products & Services Group,
                and Chief Financial Officer
                (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

 

56

Exhibit 10.0

 

Exhibit 10.0

as filed with

10-Q

   Confidential treatment has been requested for portions of this exhibit. The copy filed herewith omits the information subject to the confidentiality request. Omissions are designated as [*]. A complete version of this exhibit has been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission.

 

AMENDMENT TO THE

Television Listings Data Agreement

BETWEEN

TiVo Inc. and Tribune Media Services, Inc.

 

This Amendment, dated June 28, 2005 , amends the Television Listings Data Agreement between Tribune Media Services, Inc., and TiVo Inc. (“Licensee”), dated March 1, 2004 (“Agreement”). All terms of the referenced Agreement will apply to the following:

 

1. Section 1. DEFINITIONS. (1) WEBSITE PROGRAM GUIDE is hereby amended and replaced in its entirety as follows:

 

(1) Website Program Guide means a web-based Program Guide directly owned and operated by Licensee and made accessible at www.tivo.com.

 

2. Section 3. LICENSE RESTRICTIONS is hereby amended to include the following:

 

(d) Licensee shall use the [*] and all content contained therein solely to promote television programs reflected in the [*] and shall make no other use of the [*] or content contained therein; provided that TMS acknowledges that Licensee’s use of the [*] in connection with Licensee’s service shall be [*]. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing sentence, Licensee shall not use [*].

 

3. Exhibit A: TMS DATA OFFERINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS-RECOMMENDATION AND DATABASE PRODUCTS in hereby amended to include the following:

 

In addition to the licenses granted in the Agreement, TMS herein grants to Licensee the Licensed Data specifically defined in:

 

SEE DOCUMENT [*] including updates, modifications and revisions thereof.

 

4. Exhibit B: LICENSED DATA AND ROYALTIES: IPREVIEW AND SHOWCASE ROYALTY is hereby amended to include the following:

 

In addition to the fees payable under this Agreement, the following shall be added to section “Recommendation and Database Products:

 

[*]   [*]

 

Except as expressly provided in this Amendment, the terms and conditions of the original Agreement shall remain in full force and effect. To the extent that there is a conflict between the terms of this Amendment and the terms of the Agreement dated March 1, 2004, the terms of this Amendment shall control.

 

TiVo Inc.       Tribune Media Services, Inc.
Signature:   /s/    S TEVEN J. Z OPPI               Signature:   /s/    B ARBARA N EEDLEMAN        

Print Name:

  Steven J. Zoppi      

Print Name:

  Barbara Needleman

Title:

  VP, Information Technology & CIO      

Title:

  Vice President of Entertainment Products

Date:

 

6/16/2005

     

Date:

 

6/15/05

Address:

 

2160 Gold Street

     

Name of Sales Representative: Amy Mann

Alviso, California 95002

       

[*] Certain information on this page has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

Exhibit 10.1

 

Execution Version

 

EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT

 

THIS EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT (this “ Agreement ”) is entered into by and between TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and Thomas S. Rogers (“ Executive ”), and shall be effective as of July 1, 2005 (the “ Effective Date ”).

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to employ Executive to provide personal services to the Company and wishes to provide Executive with certain compensation and benefits in return for Executive’s services; and

 

WHEREAS, Executive wishes to be employed by the Company and provide personal services to the Company in return for certain compensation and benefits.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises herein contained, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. Definitions . As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

(a) Board . “ Board ” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(b) Cause . “ Cause ” means (i) Executive’s willful and continued failure to substantially perform his duties with the Company (other than any such failure resulting from Executive’s incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after Executive’s issuance of a Notice of Termination (as defined below) for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to Executive by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that Executive has not substantially performed his duties, (ii) Executive’s willful and continued failure to substantially follow and comply with such specific and lawful directives of the Board that are not inconsistent with Executive’s position as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company (other than any such failure resulting from Executive’s incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after Executive’s issuance of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to Executive by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that Executive has not substantially performed his duties, (iii) Executive’s willful commission of an act of fraud or dishonesty resulting in material economic or financial injury to the Company, or (iv) Executive’s conviction of, or entry by Executive of a guilty or no contest plea to, the commission of a felony involving moral turpitude. For purposes of this Section 1(b), no act, or failure to act, on Executive’s part shall be deemed “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by Executive not in good faith.

 

(c) Change of Control . “ Change of Control ” means (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries or other person or group that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries or other person or group (the “ Acquiring Entity ”) of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote;


provided , however , that a sale by the stockholders of the Company of voting stock that results in the ownership by such Acquiring Entity of less than eighty percent (80%) of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote shall nonetheless constitute a Change of Control if it results in the Acquiring Entity having the ability to appoint a majority of the members of the Board, (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation, or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but less than fifty-one percent (51%) of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding immediately after the merger are beneficially owned by the Company’s stockholders (as determined immediately before the merger).

 

(d) Good Reason . “ Good Reason ” means the occurrence of any one or more of the following events without Executive’s prior written consent, unless the Company fully corrects the circumstances constituting Good Reason (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination:

 

(i) the removal of Executive from his position as Chief Executive Officer or President of the Company for any reason other than for Cause or Executive’s Disability;

 

(ii) a material reduction in the nature or scope of Executive’s responsibilities, or the assignment to Executive of duties that are materially inconsistent with Executive’s position (in each case as compared to Executive’s responsibilities, duties or position on the Effective Date);

 

(iii) the Company’s reduction of Executive’s annual base salary or bonus opportunity, each as in effect on the Effective Date or as the same may be increased from time to time;

 

(iv) the Company’s failure to maintain a suitable and appropriate office for Executive in New York, New York or the Company’s failure to reimburse Executive for first class air travel for travel between New York, New York and the Company’s offices in Alviso, California;

 

(v) the Company’s failure to pay to Executive any portion of his then current compensation or any portion of an installment of deferred compensation under any deferred compensation program of the Company, in each case within seven (7) days of the date such compensation is due;

 

(vi) the Company’s failure to continue in effect compensation and benefit plans which provide Executive with benefits which are no less favorable on an aggregate basis, both in terms of the amount of benefits provided and the level of Executive’s participation relative to other participants, to the benefits provided to Executive under the Company’s compensation and benefit plans and practices on the Effective Date;

 

(vii) the Company’s failure to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement, as contemplated in Section 10(b)(i) hereof;

 

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(viii) the Company requiring Executive to relocate his primary residence from New York;

 

(ix) the Company’s purported modification of this Agreement or any termination of this Agreement by the Company for any reason other than for Cause or Executive’s Disability;

 

(x) the Company’s providing notice to Executive, as contemplated by Section 1 thereof, that it does not wish to extend the term of Executive’s Change of Control Agreement (as defined below); or

 

(xi) the Company’s material breach of any provision of this Agreement.

 

Executive’s right to terminate his employment pursuant to this Section 1(d) shall not be affected by his incapacity due to physical or mental illness. Executive’s continued employment shall not constitute consent to, or a waiver of rights with respect to, any circumstance constituting Good Reason hereunder.

 

(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (i) if Executive’s employment is terminated due to his death, the date of Executive’s death, (ii) if Executive’s employment is terminated for Disability, thirty (30) days after Notice of Termination is given (provided that Executive shall not have returned to the full time performance of his duties during such thirty (30) day period), and (iii) if Executive’s employment is terminated for any reason other than death or Disability, the date specified in the Notice of Termination (which, in the case of a termination by the Company without Cause shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given, and in the case of a termination by Executive for Good Reason shall not be less than fifteen (15) nor more than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given).

 

(f) Disability . Executive’s “ Disability ” means his absence from the full-time performance of his duties with the Company for one hundred eighty (180) consecutive days by reason of his physical or mental illness.

 

(g) Notice of Termination . Any purported termination of Executive’s employment by the Company or by Executive (other than termination due to Executive’s death, which shall terminate Executive’s employment automatically) shall be communicated by a written Notice of Termination to the other party hereto in accordance with Section 10(g). “ Notice of Termination ” means a notice that shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement (if any) relied upon and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of Executive’s employment under the provision so indicated.

 

(h) Stock Awards . “ Stock Awards ” means all stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and such other awards granted pursuant to the Company’s stock option and equity incentive award plans or agreements and any shares of stock issued upon exercise thereof.

 

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2. Employment Period . Subject to the provisions for earlier termination hereinafter provided, this Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and shall continue in effect until Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated (the “ Employment Period ”).

 

3. Services to Be Rendered .

 

(a) Duties and Responsibilities . Executive shall serve as a member of the Board and as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. So long as Executive is serving as the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, he will be nominated to, and if elected by the stockholders of the Company, be a member of, the Board. In the performance of such duties, Executive shall report directly to the Board, shall be the senior-most executive officer of the Company and shall have the duties and responsibilities consistent with the positions set forth above in a company the size and nature of the Company. Executive hereby consents to serve as an officer and/or director of the Company or any subsidiary or affiliate thereof without any additional salary or compensation, if so requested by the Board. Executive shall be employed by the Company on a full time basis. Executive shall perform his duties at the Company’s offices in Alviso, California and at the offices maintained by the Company for Executive in New York, New York. Executive shall be subject to and comply with the policies and procedures generally applicable to senior executives of the Company or such other policies and procedures that apply to Executive particularly, in each case to the extent the same are not inconsistent with any term of this Agreement. While Executive serves as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, the Board shall consult with him regarding any appointments to the offices of Chairman of the Board and Vice Chairman of the Board.

 

(b) Exclusive Services . Executive agrees to devote substantially all of Executive’s business time, attention and energies to the business of the Company. Subject to the terms of Section 6, this shall not preclude Executive from devoting time to personal and family investments or serving on advisory boards, community and civic boards or the corporate boards on which Executive currently serves, or participating in industry associations, provided such activities do not materially interfere with his duties to the Company. Executive agrees that he will not join any additional corporate boards without the prior approval of the Board, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld or delayed.

 

(c) Support Services . Executive shall be entitled to all of the administrative, operational and facility support customary for a similarly-situated executive. This support shall include an executive assistant selected by Executive exclusively assigned to him and the non-exclusive services of an administrative assistant located in the Company’s Alviso, California offices.

 

4. Compensation and Benefits . The Company shall pay or provide, as the case may be, to Executive the compensation and other benefits and rights set forth in this Section 4.

 

(a) Base Salary . The Company shall pay to Executive a base salary of $750,000 per fiscal year, payable in accordance with the Company’s usual pay practices (and in any event no less frequently than monthly). Executive’s base salary shall be subject to review annually by and at the sole discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board.

 

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(b) Bonus . In addition to the base salary described above, for each fiscal year ending during the Employment Period, Executive shall have the opportunity to earn an annual performance bonus based on reasonable criteria established by the Compensation Committee of the Board in good faith no later than ninety (90) days following the start of each fiscal year. Upon full attainment of the aforementioned criteria established by the Compensation Committee of the Board, Executive’s annual bonus will be equal to $500,000, but for less than full achievement of such aforementioned criteria, Executive’s annual bonus shall be a lesser amount in accordance with a specific formula determined by the Compensation Committee of the Board, in its discretion, no later than ninety (90) days following the start of each fiscal year. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for fiscal year 2005, Executive shall be paid a bonus equal to no less than a pro-rated portion of his target annual bonus based upon the actual number of days worked by Executive during such fiscal year. The annual bonus shall be determined in good faith by the Compensation Committee of the Board as soon as practicable after the end of the fiscal year with respect to which it is payable, and shall be paid to Executive in a lump sum promptly thereafter and in no event later than April 15 immediately following the end of such fiscal year, subject to all withholding with respect thereto as is required by applicable law. The Compensation Committee of the Board will consider and shall have the discretion to exclude extraordinary items in good faith when determining Executive’s annual bonus, it being understood that the final determination shall be within the discretion of the Compensation Committee of the Board.

 

(c) Benefits . Executive shall be entitled to participate in benefits under the Company’s benefit plans and arrangements, including, without limitation, any employee benefit plan or arrangement made available in the future by the Company to its senior executives, subject to and on a basis consistent with the terms, conditions and overall administration of such plans and arrangements. The Company shall have the right to amend or delete any such benefit plan or arrangement made available by the Company to its senior executives and not otherwise specifically provided for herein. The Company shall also pay directly or reimburse Executive or TRget Media LLC for the premiums payable with respect to the long-term disability and life insurance policies maintained by Executive or TRget Media LLC as of the Effective Date; provided , however , that upon Executive’s request, the Company shall provide comparable replacement long-term disability and/or life insurance coverage to the extent the available replacement coverage will not result in a material increase to the Company in the aggregate cost of such coverage for Executive. Executive shall also be entitled to such supplemental benefits as are agreed upon by Executive and the Company from time to time.

 

(d) Expenses . The Company shall reimburse Executive for reasonable business entertainment expenses and any other out-of-pocket business expenses incurred in connection with the performance of his duties hereunder, subject to (i) such policies as the Company may from time to time establish, and (ii) Executive furnishing the Company with evidence in the form of receipts satisfactory to the Company substantiating the claimed expenditures. Executive shall be reimbursed for first class air travel for travel between New York, New York and the Company’s offices in Alviso, California. Executive shall be reimbursed pursuant to the Company’s standard travel policies for other business travel, provided that Executive shall be reimbursed for first class air travel if Executive determines reasonably and in good faith that such travel is appropriate. The Company shall also: (i) lease, furnish and maintain an apartment reasonably acceptable to Executive within fifteen (15) miles

 

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of the Company’s Alviso, California offices, (ii) lease and maintain at no cost to Executive an automobile for Executive’s use while working out of the Company’s Alviso, California offices, and (iii) pay or reimburse Executive for the costs associated with Executive’s non-business related meals while working out of the Company’s offices in Alviso, California, not to exceed $5,000 per year.

 

(e) Paid Time Off; Vacation . Executive shall be entitled to such periods of paid time off (“ PTO ”) each year as provided under the Company’s PTO policy and as otherwise provided for senior executive officers, which shall in any event be no less than four (4) weeks per year.

 

(f) Stock Awards .

 

(i) On the Effective Date, the Company shall grant to Executive stock options to purchase 1,000,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “ Stock Options ”) pursuant to the TiVo Inc. 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”). Any Stock Options granted pursuant to this Section 4(f)(i) shall have a per share exercise price equal to the then-current fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock (as determined pursuant to the Plan) on the date the grant is approved by the Board or the Compensation Committee of the Board, which shall be no later than the Effective Date. Such Stock Options shall be incentive stock options to the extent permitted under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”). Subject to Sections 4(f)(iv) and 5, such Stock Options shall vest in forty-eight (48) equal monthly installments commencing on the first monthly anniversary of the Effective Date, subject to Executive’s continued employment or service with the Company on each such date. Such Stock Options shall have a ten (10) year term and shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and the stock option agreement pursuant to which such Stock Options are granted to the extent such provisions are not less favorable to Executive than the applicable provisions of this Agreement.

 

(ii) On the Effective Date, the Company shall grant to Executive 1,000,000 stock appreciation rights (the “ Stock Appreciation Rights ”) pursuant to the Plan. Any Stock Appreciation Rights granted pursuant to this Section 4(f)(ii) shall have a per share exercise price equal to the then-current fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock (as determined pursuant to the Plan) on the date the grant is approved by the Board or the Compensation Committee of the Board, which shall be no later than the Effective Date. The Stock Appreciation Rights will be settled in shares of the Company’s common stock. Subject to Sections 4(f)(iv) and 5, such Stock Appreciation Rights shall vest in forty-eight (48) equal monthly installments commencing on the first monthly anniversary of the Effective Date, subject to Executive’s continued employment or service with the Company on each such date. Such Stock Appreciation Rights shall have a ten (10) year term and shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and the stock appreciation right agreement pursuant to which such Stock Appreciation Rights are granted to the extent such provisions are not less favorable to Executive than the applicable provisions of this Agreement.

 

(iii) On the Effective Date, the Company shall grant to Executive 350,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (the “ Restricted Stock ”) pursuant to the Plan. The applicable number of shares of Restricted Stock will be subject to forfeiture in the event

 

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Executive’s employment with the Company terminates prior to the vesting of the shares in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The restrictions on such Restricted Stock shall lapse in four (4) equal annual installments commencing on the first anniversary of the Effective Date, subject to Executive’s continued employment or service with the Company on each such date. Subject to Sections 4(f)(iv) and 5, such Restricted Stock shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan and the restricted stock award agreement pursuant to which such Restricted Stock is granted to the extent such provisions are not less favorable to Executive than the applicable provisions of this Agreement.

 

(iv) In the event that, following the second anniversary of the Effective Date, Executive elects to have the Company engage a full-time replacement Chief Executive Officer so that Executive may be elected Chairman of the Board, the vesting of Executive’s Stock Awards described in Sections 4(f)(i), (ii) and (iii) shall be automatically adjusted so that (A) the vesting period of such Stock Awards shall be extended to twice the length of the remaining vesting period at the time of such role conversion and (B) the number of Stock Awards vesting on each vesting date during the extended vesting period shall be proportionately adjusted to reflect such extension, it being understood that such changes shall be implemented so that one hundred percent (100%) of the Stock Awards will vest by the end of the revised vesting schedule. Except as set forth in the immediately preceding sentence, Executive’s change in status from President and Chief Executive Officer shall have no adverse effect on his Stock Awards provided Executive continues to be a member of the Board.

 

(v) In addition to the Stock Awards described in this Section 4(f), Executive shall be entitled to participate in any equity or other employee benefit plan that is generally available to senior executive officers, as distinguished from general management, of the Company and shall be eligible to be considered for annual grants of equity awards. Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Executive’s participation in and benefits under any such plan shall be on the terms and subject to the conditions specified in the governing document of the particular plan.

 

(g) New York Office . The Company shall maintain an office in New York, New York for Executive’s use in connection with his performance of services for the Company pursuant to this Agreement. As of the Effective Date, the Company and Executive have agreed on the initial location of such office. Following the Effective Date, the New York office may be relocated by the Company to any location reasonably satisfactory to Executive.

 

(h) Media Equipment . The Company shall reimburse Executive up to $15,000 for media equipment purchased by Executive for his home office. In addition, the Company shall reimburse Executive up to $6,000 annually for home media expenses, which reimbursements may be made at any time during such year. Executive shall also be reimbursed approximately $5,000 annually for home office expenses, with any significant deviation from such amount to be mutually agreed by the Company and Executive, which reimbursements may be made at any time during such year.

 

(i) Family Travel Expenses . The Company shall reimburse Executive for business class airfare for his immediate family for travel no more frequently than once each fiscal quarter between New York, New York and the San Francisco Bay Area. In addition, the

 

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Company shall reimburse Executive for the reasonable cost of hotel accommodations incurred by Executive’s immediate family during such trips to the extent such hotel accommodations are necessary as a result of an absence of sufficient accommodations for Executive’s family in his Company-provided apartment.

 

(j) Executive Assistant . During the Employment Period, the Company shall either pay directly or reimburse Executive or TRget Media LLC for the reasonable costs of providing Executive administrative support through the services of his current executive assistant as of the Effective Date, including without limitation reimbursement for coach class airfare for such executive assistant for travel between New York, New York and Alviso, California, as well as the reasonable cost of hotel accommodations incurred by such executive assistant during such trip or as needed in New York, New York, at such hotels as may be mutually agreed upon be the Company and Executive. The parties agree that the current compensation and benefits costs of Executive’s executive assistant are reasonable.

 

5. Termination and Severance . Executive shall be entitled to receive benefits upon termination of employment only as set forth in this Section 5:

 

(a) At-Will Employment; Termination . The Company and Executive acknowledge that Executive’s employment is and shall continue to be at-will, as defined under applicable law, and that Executive’s employment with the Company may be terminated by either party at any time for any or no reason, with or without notice. If Executive’s employment terminates for any reason, Executive shall not be entitled to any payments, benefits, damages, awards or compensation other than as provided in this Agreement. Executive’s employment under this Agreement shall be terminated immediately on the death of Executive.

 

(b) Termination by Death, For Cause or Disability, Voluntary Resignation Without Good Reason . If Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by reason of Executive’s death, by the Company for Cause or Disability, or by Executive other than for Good Reason, the Corporation shall pay Executive (or his estate) his full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination, at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which Executive is entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Company at the time such payments are due (including, without limitation, all accrued and unused vacation), and the Company shall have no further obligations to Executive (or his estate) under this Agreement. In addition, if Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by the Company for Cause, or by Executive other than for Good Reason, all vesting of Executive’s unvested Stock Awards previously granted to him by the Company shall cease and none of such unvested Stock Awards shall be exercisable following the Date of Termination. If Executive’s employment with the Company is terminated by reason of Executive’s death or by the Company for Disability, then the greater of (i) fifty percent (50%) of Executive’s unvested Stock Awards as of the Date of Termination, or (ii) such number of Executive’s Stock Awards as would vest pursuant to Section 5(c)(i)(D) as of the Date of Termination if such Section were applicable, shall immediately vest and remain exercisable for the balance of their original term. The foregoing shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any and all other rights and remedies which may be available to the Company under the circumstances, whether at law or in equity.

 

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(c) Termination Without Cause or Voluntary Resignation for Good Reason .

 

(i) Termination Apart From Change of Control . If Executive’s employment is terminated (A) by the Company other than for Cause or Disability or (B) by Executive for Good Reason, and such termination is not a Payment Termination (as defined in that certain Change of Control Terms and Conditions of even date herewith, a copy of which is attached hereto as Exhibit A and incorporated herein by this reference (the “ Change of Control Agreement ”)), then, subject to Section 5(e), in lieu of any severance benefits to which Executive may otherwise be entitled under any severance plan or program of the Company or by law, Executive shall be entitled to receive the benefits provided below:

 

(A) the Company shall pay to Executive his fully earned but unpaid base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which Executive is entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Company at the time such payments are due (including, without limitation, all accrued and unused vacation);

 

(B) Executive shall be entitled to receive an amount equal to 1.5 times Executive’s annual base salary (without giving effect to any reductions thereto), payable in three (3) equal installments as follows: (1) one-third (1/3) shall be paid within ten (10) days of the date the condition set forth in Section 5(d) has been satisfied, (2) one-third (1/3) shall be paid on the date that is six (6) months following the Date of Termination, and (3) one-third (1/3) shall be paid on the date that is twelve (12) months following the Date of Termination; provided , however , that any amount described in this Section 5(c)(i)(B) that is unpaid as of the date that is the later of 2.5 months after the end of the calendar year in which Executive’s Date of Termination occurs or 2.5 months after the end of the Company’s fiscal year in which Executive’s Date of Termination occurs shall be paid in cash in a lump sum no later than such date.

 

(C) for the period beginning on the Date of Termination and ending on the date which is the earlier of (1) the date Executive obtains substantially similar coverage due to subsequent employment or (2) the date which is eighteen (18) full months following the Date of Termination, the Company shall continue in effect at Company cost each welfare coverage of Executive and/or his covered dependents on the same terms and conditions in effect prior to Executive’s Date of Termination;

 

(D) (1) the vesting and/or exercisability of each of Executive’s outstanding Stock Awards shall be automatically accelerated on the Date of Termination as to the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the twelve (12) month period following the Date of Termination had Executive remained continuously employed by the Company during such period (treating Executive’s Restricted Stock for purposes of the balance of the 12-month period occurring after the next regular vesting date as if it were subject to ratable vesting over the forty-eight (48) month period commencing on the first monthly anniversary of the Effective Date), and (2) Executive shall be permitted to exercise each of his outstanding vested Stock Awards as of the Date of Termination (including any Stock Awards required to be vested in connection with Executive’s

 

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termination of employment) for the remainder of the original term of such Stock Award. The foregoing provisions are hereby deemed to be a part of each Stock Award and to supersede any less favorable provision in any agreement or plan regarding such Stock Award; and

 

(E) Upon attainment of the performance criteria with respect to Executive’s annual bonus for the fiscal year in which Executive’s employment terminates, a pro-rated portion of such annual bonus based upon the actual number of days worked by Executive during such fiscal year, payable in a single lump sum when bonuses for such fiscal year are paid to the Company’s executives generally.

 

(ii) Termination In Connection With a Change of Control . If Executive incurs a Payment Termination (as defined in the Change of Control Agreement), then Executive shall be entitled to receive the benefits provided in the Change of Control Agreement; provided that if any benefit that would otherwise be provided pursuant to Section 5(c)(i) is more favorable to Executive than that provided under the Change of Control Agreement, Executive shall be entitled to receive the more favorable benefit.

 

(d) Release . As a condition to Executive’s receipt of any benefits described in this Section 5(c), Executive shall be required to execute a Release in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B (the “ Release ”).

 

(e) Exclusive Remedy . Except as otherwise expressly required by law (e.g., COBRA) or as specifically provided herein, all of Executive’s rights to salary, severance, benefits, bonuses and other amounts hereunder (if any) accruing after the termination of Executive’s employment shall cease upon such termination. In the event of a termination of Executive’s employment with the Company, Executive’s sole remedy shall be to receive the payments and benefits described in this Section 5. In addition, Executive acknowledges and agrees that he is not entitled to any reimbursement by the Company for any taxes payable by Executive as a result of the payments and benefits received by Executive pursuant to this Section 5, including, without limitation, any excise tax imposed by Section 4999 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

(f) No Mitigation . Executive shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in this Section 5 by seeking other employment or otherwise, nor shall the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in this Section 5 be reduced by any compensation earned by Executive as the result of employment by another employer or self-employment or by retirement benefits, by offset against any amounts (other than loans or advances to Executive by the Company) claimed to be owed by Executive to the Company, or otherwise.

 

(g) Return of the Company’s Property . If Executive’s employment is terminated for any reason, the Company shall have the right, at its option, to require Executive to vacate his offices prior to or on the effective Date of Termination and to cease all activities on the Company’s behalf. Upon the termination of his employment in any manner, as a condition to the Executive’s receipt of any post-termination benefits described in this Agreement, Executive shall immediately surrender to the Company all lists, books and records

 

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containing Confidential Information (as defined below) and all other property belonging to the Company, it being distinctly understood that all such lists, books and records containing Confidential Information are the property of the Company. If Executive’s employment is terminated for any reason and the Company’s New York, New York office is still maintained at its initial location as of the Effective Date, the Company and Executive shall use commercially reasonable efforts to terminate any lease or office sharing arrangement with respect to such office and to return ownership and/or use of such location to Executive, as appropriate, upon his request.

 

6. Certain Covenants .

 

(a) Noncompetition . Except as may otherwise be approved by the Board, during the term of Executive’s employment, Executive shall not have any ownership interest (of record or beneficial) in, or have any interest as an employee, salesman, consultant, officer or director in, or otherwise aid or assist in any manner, any firm, corporation, partnership, proprietorship or other business that engages in any county, city or part thereof in the United States and/or any foreign country in a business which competes directly with the Company’s business in such county, city or part thereof, so long as the Company, or any successor in interest of the Company to the business and goodwill of the Company, remains engaged in such business in such county, city or part thereof or continues to solicit customers or potential customers therein; provided , however , that Executive may own, directly or indirectly, solely as an investment, securities of any entity which are traded on any national securities exchange if Executive (x) is not a controlling person of, or a member of a group which controls, such entity; or (y) does not, directly or indirectly, own five percent (5%) or more of any class of securities of any such entity.

 

(b) Confidentiality . Executive hereby agrees that, other than as Executive determines in good faith is necessary or appropriate in the discharge of his duties hereunder, during the term of this Agreement and thereafter, he shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as defined below). Executive further agrees that, upon termination of his employment with the Company, all Confidential Information in his possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Company and shall not be retained by Executive or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided , however , that, this Section 6(b) shall not apply to Confidential Information that (i) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to Executive, (ii) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Company by Executive, (iii) is lawfully disclosed to Executive by a third party, (iv) is required to be disclosed by law or by any court, arbitrator, mediator or administrative or legislative body (including any committee thereof) with actual or apparent jurisdiction to order Executive to disclose or make accessible any information, or (v) is related to any litigation, arbitration or mediation between the parties, including, but not limited to, the enforcement of this Agreement. As used in this Agreement, the term “ Confidential Information ” means: confidential information disclosed to Executive or known by Executive as a consequence of or through Executive’s relationship with the Company about the customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without

 

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limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, product lists, product road maps, technology specifications or other information related to the products and services of the Company and its affiliates. Nothing herein shall limit in any way any obligation Executive may have relating to Confidential Information under any other agreement with or promise to the Company.

 

(c) Non-Solicitation . Executive hereby agrees that, for the eighteen (18) month period immediately following the Date of Termination, Executive shall not, either on his own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Company any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Company; provided , however , that (i) a general advertisement to which an employee of the Company responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 6(c), and (ii) it shall not be a violation of this Section 6(c) for Executive to directly or indirectly solicit the employment of, or to hire, his current executive assistant.

 

(d) Survival; Reformation . The provisions of this Section 6 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement and Executive’s employment with the Company and shall be fully enforceable thereafter. If it shall be finally determined that any restriction in this Section 6 is excessive in duration or scope or is unreasonable or unenforceable under the laws of any state or jurisdiction, it is the intention of the parties that such restriction may be modified or amended to render it enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by the law of that state or jurisdiction.

 

(e) Equitable Relief . In the event that Executive shall breach or threaten to breach any of the provisions of this Section 6, in addition to and without limiting or waiving any other remedies available to the Company in law or in equity, the Company shall be entitled to immediate injunctive relief in any court, domestic or foreign, having the capacity to grant such relief, to restrain such breach or threatened breach and to enforce the provisions of this Section 6. Executive acknowledges that it is impossible to measure in money the damages that the Company will sustain in the event that Executive breaches or threatens to breach the provisions of this Section 6 and, in the event that the Company shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce such provisions seeking injunctive relief, Executive hereby waives and agrees not to assert and shall not use as a defense thereto the claim or defense that the Company has an adequate remedy at law. The foregoing shall not prejudice the right of the Company to require Executive to account for and pay over to the Company the amount of any actual damages incurred by the Company as a result of such breach.

 

7. Insurance . The Company shall have the right to take out life, health, accident, “key-man” or other insurance covering Executive, in the name of the Company and at the Company’s expense in any amount deemed appropriate by the Company. Executive shall assist the Company in obtaining such insurance, including, without limitation, submitting to any required examinations and providing information and data required by insurance companies.

 

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8. Arbitration; Dispute Resolution, Etc .

 

(a) Arbitration Procedures . Except as set forth in Section 6, any disagreement, dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation of this Agreement or any arrangements relating to this Agreement or contemplated in this Agreement or the breach, termination or invalidity thereof shall be settled by final and binding arbitration administered by JAMS/Endispute in San Jose, California in accordance with the then existing JAMS/Endispute Arbitration Rules and Procedures for Employment Disputes. In the event of such an arbitration proceeding, Executive and the Company shall select a mutually acceptable neutral arbitrator from among the JAMS/Endispute panel of arbitrators. In the event Executive and the Company cannot agree on an arbitrator, the Administrator of JAMS/Endispute will appoint an arbitrator. Neither Executive nor the Company nor the arbitrator shall disclose the existence, content, or results of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written consent of all parties. Except as provided herein, the Federal Arbitration Act shall govern the interpretation, enforcement and all proceedings. The arbitrator shall apply the substantive law (and the law of remedies, if applicable) of the state of California, or federal law, or both, as applicable, and the arbitrator is without jurisdiction to apply any different substantive law. The arbitrator shall have the authority to entertain a motion to dismiss and/or a motion for summary judgment by any party and shall apply the standards governing such motions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The arbitrator shall render an award and a written, reasoned opinion in support thereof. Judgment upon the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

 

(b) Expenses; Legal Fees . The Company shall pay, or reimburse Executive for, all administrative fees and costs, and all arbitrator’s fees and expenses incurred by Executive in connection with any Dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement. The Company shall pay, or reimburse Executive for, all expenses and reasonable attorney’s fees incurred by Executive in connection with any Dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation thereof with respect to which Executive prevails. In addition, the Company shall pay Executive’s reasonable attorney’s fees incurred in connection with negotiating and documenting this Agreement and all other agreements related to Executive’s employment by the Company.

 

9. General Relationship . Executive shall be considered an employee of the Company within the meaning of all federal, state and local laws and regulations including, but not limited to, laws and regulations governing unemployment insurance, workers’ compensation, industrial accident, labor and taxes.

 

10. Miscellaneous .

 

(a) Entire Agreement . This Agreement, the Change of Control Agreement, the Plan and the Stock Award agreements referenced herein set forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein and supersede all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any prior agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein, including without limitation, any prior severance agreements, any contrary or limiting

 

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provisions in any Company equity compensation plan and that certain Vice Chairman Employment Agreement dated as of October 6, 2004, between Executive and the Company; provided , however , that (i) the Company shall pay Executive the pro-rated portion (based on the number of days in the current calendar year elapsed as of the Effective Date) of the Company’s annual fees to Executive for his service as a non-employee member of the Board and (ii) the parties agree that all options to purchase Company common stock held by Executive immediately prior to the Effective Date shall remain outstanding (unless such options are exercised by Executive or expire by their own terms) during the period Executive is employed by the Company or serving as a member of the Board. Any of Executive’s rights hereunder shall be in addition to any rights Executive may otherwise have under benefit plans or agreements of the Company (other than severance plans or agreements) to which Executive is a party or in which Executive is a participant, including, but not limited to, any Company sponsored employee benefit plans and stock option plans. The provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way abrogate Executive’s rights under such other plans and agreements. In addition, this Agreement shall not limit in any way any obligation Executive may have under any other agreement with or promise to the Company relating to employee confidentiality, proprietary rights in technology or the assignment of interests in any intellectual property.

 

(b) Assignment; Assumption by Successor .

 

(i) The rights of the Company under this Agreement may, without the consent of Executive, be assigned by the Company, in its sole and unfettered discretion, to any person, firm, corporation or other business entity which at any time, whether by purchase, merger or otherwise, directly or indirectly, acquires all or substantially all of the assets or business of the Company. The Company shall require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company expressly to assume and to agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place; provided , however , that no such assumption shall relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder. Unless expressly provided otherwise, “Company” as used herein shall mean the Company as defined in this Agreement and any successor to its business and/or assets as aforesaid.

 

(ii) None of the rights of Executive to receive any form of compensation payable pursuant to this Agreement shall be assignable or transferable except through a testamentary disposition or by the laws of descent and distribution upon the death of Executive. Any attempted assignment, transfer, conveyance, or other disposition (other than as aforesaid) of any interest in the rights of Executive to receive any form of compensation to be made by the Company pursuant to this Agreement shall be void.

 

(iii) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by Executive and his personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributes, devisees and legatees. If Executive should die while any amount would still be payable to Executive hereunder had he continued to live, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to his devisee, legatee or other designee or, if there is no such designee, to his estate.

 

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(c) Survival . The covenants, agreements, representations and warranties contained in or made in Sections 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12(o) of this Agreement shall survive any termination of Executive’s employment or any termination of this Agreement. In addition, Executive’s right to terminate his employment for Good Reason and the Company’s obligations under this Agreement in the event of Executive’s voluntary resignation for Good Reason shall survive any actual or purported termination of this Agreement by the Company for a reason other than Cause or Executive’s Disability.

 

(d) Third-Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement does not create, and shall not be construed as creating, any rights enforceable by any person not a party to this Agreement.

 

(e) Waiver . The failure of either party hereto at any time to enforce performance by the other party of any provision of this Agreement shall in no way affect such party’s rights thereafter to enforce the same, nor shall the waiver by either party of any breach of any provision hereof be deemed to be a waiver by such party of any other breach of the same or any other provision hereof.

 

(f) Section Headings . The headings of the several sections in this Agreement are inserted solely for the convenience of the parties and are not a part of and are not intended to govern, limit or aid in the construction of any term or provision hereof.

 

(g) Notices . All notices, requests and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by courier or other means of personal service (including by means of a nationally recognized courier service or professional messenger service), or sent by telex or telecopy or mailed first class, postage prepaid, by certified mail, return receipt requested, in all cases, addressed to:

 

If to the Company or the Board:

 

TiVo Inc.

2160 Gold Street

P.O. Box 2160

Alviso, California 95002-2160

Attention: Secretary

 

If to Executive:

Thomas S. Rogers

48 Biltmore Avenue

Rye, New York 10580

 

All notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed given on the date of actual receipt or delivery as evidenced by written receipt, acknowledgement or other evidence of actual receipt or delivery to the address. In case of service by telecopy, a copy of such notice shall be personally delivered or sent by registered or certified mail, in the manner set forth above, within three business days thereafter. Any party hereto may from time to time by notice in writing served as set forth above designate a different address or a different or additional person to which all such notices or communications thereafter are to be given.

 

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(h) Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

(i) Governing Law and Venue . This Agreement is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California applicable to contracts made and to be performed wholly within such State, and without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. Except as provided in Sections 6 and 8, any suit brought hereon shall be brought in the state or federal courts sitting in San Jose, California, the parties hereto hereby waiving any claim or defense that such forum is not convenient or proper. Each party hereby agrees that any such court shall have in personam jurisdiction over it and consents to service of process in any manner authorized by California law.

 

(j) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

(k) Construction . The language in all parts of this Agreement shall in all cases be construed simply, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against any of the parties hereto. Without limitation, there shall be no presumption against any party on the ground that such party was responsible for drafting this Agreement or any part thereof.

 

(l) Withholding and other Deductions . All compensation payable to Executive hereunder shall be subject to such deductions as the Company is from time to time required to make pursuant to law, governmental regulation or order.

 

(m) Code Section 409A . This Agreement shall be interpreted, construed and administered in a manner that satisfies the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder, and any payment scheduled to be made hereunder that would otherwise violate Section 409A of the Code shall be delayed to the extent necessary for this Agreement and such payment to comply with Section 409A and the Treasury Regulations thereunder.

 

(n) Indemnification . During the Employment Period, Executive shall be entitled to enter into an Indemnification Agreement in the form filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-83515).

 

(o) Amendment . No provision of this Agreement may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by Executive and such officer of the Company as may be specifically designated by the Board.

 

(Signature Page Follows)

 

16


 

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first set forth above.

 

TIVO INC.

By:   /s/    R ANDY K OMISAR        

Print Name:

  Randy Komisar

Title:

  Chairman, Nominating and Governance Committee

 

/s/    T HOMAS S. R OGERS        
Thomas S. Rogers

 

SIGNATURE PAGE TO EMPLOYMENT AGREEMENT


 

EXHIBIT A

 

CHANGE OF CONTROL AGREEMENT

 

[Attached]


 

EXHIBIT B

 

GENERAL RELEASE OF CLAIMS

 

This General Release of Claims (“ Release ”) is entered into as of this          day of                      , 200      , between                          (“ Executive ”), and TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) (collectively referred to herein as the “ Parties ”), effective eight (8) days after Executive’s signature (the “ Effective Date ”), unless Executive revokes his or her acceptance as provided in Paragraph 3(c), below.

 

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are parties to that certain Employment Agreement dated as of July 1, 2005 (the “ Employment Agreement ”);

 

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are parties to that certain Change of Control Agreement dated as of July 1, 2005 (the “ Change of Control Agreement ”);

 

WHEREAS, Executive’s employment with the Company terminated effective                  ,          (the “ Termination Date ”);

 

WHEREAS, the Parties agree that the termination of Executive’s employment has triggered severance payments and benefits to Executive under Section 5(c) of the Employment Agreement or Section 4 of the Change of Control Agreement, subject to Executive’s execution and non-revocation of this Release; and

 

WHEREAS, the Company and Executive now wish to document the termination of Executive’s employment with the Company and to fully and finally to resolve all matters between them.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of, and subject to, the severance payments and benefits to be made available to Executive pursuant to Section 5(c) of the Employment Agreement or Section 4 of the Change of Control Agreement, as applicable, the adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged by Executive, and which Executive acknowledges that he would not otherwise be entitled to receive, Executive and the Company hereby agree as follows:

 

1. Termination of Positions as Officer and Employment . Executive’s positions as an officer and employee of the Company are terminated effective as of the Termination Date.

 

2. Severance Payments and Benefits . Subject to Executive’s execution and non-revocation of this Release, Executive shall receive payments, severance benefits and benefits as described in Section 5(c) of the Employment Agreement or Section 4 of the Change of Control Agreement, as applicable.


3. General Release of Claims by Executive .

 

(a) Executive, on behalf of himself and his executors, heirs, administrators, representatives and assigns, hereby agrees to release and forever discharge the Company and all predecessors, successors and their respective parent corporations, affiliates, related, and/or subsidiary entities, and all of their past and present investors, directors, shareholders, officers, general or limited partners, employees, attorneys, agents and representatives, and the employee benefit plans in which Executive is or has been a participant by virtue of his employment with the Company (collectively, the “ Company Releasees ”), from any and all claims, debts, demands, accounts, judgments, rights, causes of action, equitable relief, damages, costs, charges, complaints, obligations, promises, agreements, controversies, suits, expenses, compensation, responsibility and liability of every kind and character whatsoever (including attorneys’ fees and costs), whether in law or equity, known or unknown, asserted or unasserted, suspected or unsuspected (collectively, “ Claims ”), which Executive has or may have had against such entities based on any events or circumstances arising or occurring on or prior to the date hereof or on or prior to the Termination Date, arising directly or indirectly out of, relating to, or in any other way involving in any manner whatsoever Executive’s employment by or service to the Company or the termination thereof, including any and all claims arising under federal, state, or local laws relating to employment, including without limitation claims of wrongful discharge, breach of express or implied contract, fraud, misrepresentation, defamation, or liability in tort, and claims of any kind that may be brought in any court or administrative agency including, without limitation, claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 USC Section 2000, et seq .; the Americans with Disabilities Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq .; the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 701 et seq .; the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and the Civil Rights Act of 1991; 42 USC Section 1981, et seq .; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended, 29 USC Section 621, et seq .; the Equal Pay Act, as amended, 29 USC Section 206(d); regulations of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance, 41 CFR Section 60, et seq .; the Family and Medical Leave Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 2601 et seq .; the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 201 et seq .; The Executive Retirement Income Security Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq .; and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, California Government Code Section 12940, et seq .

 

Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing, Executive does not release the following claims:

 

(i) Claims for unemployment compensation or any state disability insurance benefits pursuant to the terms of applicable state law;

 

(ii) Claims for workers’ compensation insurance benefits under the terms of any worker’s compensation insurance policy or fund of the Company;

 

(iii) Claims to continued participation in the Company’s group medical, dental, vision, and life insurance benefit plans pursuant to the terms and conditions of the federal law known as COBRA;

 

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(iv) Claims for indemnity under the bylaws of the Company, as provided for by Delaware law or under any applicable insurance policy with respect to Executive’s liability as an employee or officer of the Company of that certain Indemnification Agreement dated                  between Executive and the Company;

 

(v) Claims based on any right Executive may have to enforce the Company’s executory obligations under the Employment Agreement, the Change of Control Agreement or agreements related to stock awards granted to Executive by the Company; and

 

(vi) Claims Executive may have to vested or earned compensation and benefits.

 

(b) EXECUTIVE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF AND IS FAMILIAR WITH THE PROVISIONS OF CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE SECTION 1542, WHICH PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:

 

“A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH, IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER, MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.”

 

BEING AWARE OF SAID CODE SECTION, EXECUTIVE HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHTS HE MAY HAVE THEREUNDER, AS WELL AS UNDER ANY OTHER STATUTES OR COMMON LAW PRINCIPLES OF SIMILAR EFFECT.

 

(c) Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act . Executive agrees and expressly acknowledges that this Release includes a waiver and release of all claims which he has or may have under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 621, et seq . (“ ADEA ”). The following terms and conditions apply to and are part of the waiver and release of the ADEA claims under this Release:

 

(i) This paragraph, and this Release are written in a manner calculated to be understood by him.

 

(ii) The waiver and release of claims under the ADEA contained in this Release does not cover rights or claims that may arise after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

(iii) This Release provides for consideration in addition to anything of value to which he is already entitled.

 

(iv) Executive has been advised to consult an attorney before signing this Release.

 

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(v) Executive has been granted twenty-one (21) days after he is presented with this Release to decide whether or not to sign this Release. If he executes this Release prior to the expiration of such period, he does so voluntarily and after having had the opportunity to consult with an attorney, and hereby waives the remainder of the twenty-one (21) day period.

 

(vi) Executive has the right to revoke this general release within seven (7) days of signing this Release. In the event he does so, both this Release and the offer of benefits to him pursuant to the Employment Agreement or the Change of Control Agreement, as applicable, will be null and void in their entirety, and he will not receive any severance payments or benefits under the Employment Agreement or the Change of Control Agreement.

 

If he wishes to revoke this Release, Executive shall deliver written notice stating his or her intent to revoke this Release to the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, or, if Executive is serving in such capacities as of the Termination Date, to the Chairman of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, at the offices of the Company on or before 5:00 p.m. on the seventh (7 th ) day after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

4. No Assignment . Executive represents and warrants to the Company Releasees that there has been no assignment or other transfer of any interest in any Claim that Executive may have against the Company Releasees, or any of them. Executive agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company Releasees from any liability, claims, demands, damages, costs, expenses and attorneys’ fees incurred as a result of any such assignment or transfer from Executive; provided , however , that this sentence shall not apply with respect to a claim challenging the validity of this general release with respect to a claim under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended.

 

5. Confidential Information; Return of Company Property . Executive hereby certifies that he has complied with Section 5(g) of the Employment Agreement.

 

6. Paragraph Headings . The headings of the several paragraphs in this Release are inserted solely for the convenience of the Parties and are not a part of and are not intended to govern, limit or aid in the construction of any term or provision hereof.

 

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7. Notices . All notices, requests and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by courier or other means of personal service (including by means of a nationally recognized courier service or professional messenger service), or sent by telex or telecopy or mailed first class, postage prepaid, by certified mail, return receipt requested, in all cases, addressed to:

 

If to the Company or the Board:

 

TiVo Inc.

2160 Gold Street

P.O. Box 2160

Alviso, California 95002-2160

Attention: Secretary

 

If to Executive:

 

Thomas S. Rogers

48 Biltmore Avenue

Rye, New York 10580

 

All notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed given on the date of actual receipt or delivery as evidenced by written receipt, acknowledgement or other evidence of actual receipt or delivery to the address. In case of service by telecopy, a copy of such notice shall be personally delivered or sent by registered or certified mail, in the manner set forth above, within three business days thereafter. Any party hereto may from time to time by notice in writing served as set forth above designate a different address or a different or additional person to which all such notices or communications thereafter are to be given.

 

8. Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Release shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Release, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

9. Governing Law and Venue . This Release is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California applicable to contracts made and to be performed wholly within such State, and without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. Any suit brought hereon shall be brought in the state or federal courts sitting in San Jose, California, the Parties hereby waiving any claim or defense that such forum is not convenient or proper. Each party hereby agrees that any such court shall have in personam jurisdiction over it and consents to service of process in any manner authorized by California law.

 

10. Counterparts . This Release may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

11. Construction . The language in all parts of this Release shall in all cases be construed simply, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against any of the parties hereto. Without limitation, there shall be no presumption against any party on the ground that such party was responsible for drafting this Release or any part thereof.

 

12. Entire Agreement . This Release, the Employment Agreement and the Change of Control Agreement set forth the entire agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein and supersede all prior agreements, promises,

 

5


covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any prior agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein.

 

13. Amendment . No provision of this Release may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by Executive and such officer of the Company as may be specifically designated by the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

14. Understanding and Authority . The Parties understand and agree that all terms of this Release are contractual and are not a mere recital, and represent and warrant that they are competent to covenant and agree as herein provided. The Parties have carefully read this Release in its entirety; fully understand and agree to its terms and provisions; and intend and agree that it is final and binding on all Parties.

 

(Signature Page Follows)

 

6


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, and intending to be legally bound, the Parties have executed the foregoing Release as of the date first written above.

 

EXECUTIVE

     

TIVO INC.

           

By:

   
Print Name:          

Print Name:

   
           

Title:

   

 

SIGNATURE PAGE TO RELEASE

Exhibit 10.2

 

Execution Version

 

Change of Control

Terms and Conditions

 

TiVo Inc. (the “Corporation”) considers it essential to the best interests of its shareholders to foster the continuous employment of the Corporation’s key management personnel. In this regard, the Corporation’s Board of Directors (the “Board”) recognizes that, as is the case with many publicly-held corporations, the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation may exist and the uncertainty and questions that it may raise among management could result in the departure or distraction of management personnel to the detriment of the Corporation and its shareholders.

 

The Board has decided to reinforce and encourage the continued attention and dedication of members of the Corporation’s management, including yourself, to their assigned duties without the distraction arising from the possibility of a change in control of the Corporation.

 

In order to induce you to remain in its employ, the Corporation hereby agrees that after this letter agreement (this “Agreement”) has been fully executed, you shall receive the severance benefits set forth in this Agreement in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated under the circumstances described below in anticipation of or subsequent to a Change in Control (as defined below).

 

1. Term of Agreement . This Agreement shall commence on July 1, 2005 and shall continue in effect through December 31, 2007; provided, however , that commencing on January 1, 2008 and on each January 1 thereafter, the term of this Agreement shall automatically be extended for one additional year unless, not later than December 15 of the preceding year, the Corporation shall have given you notice that it does not wish to extend this Agreement; provided, further , that if a Change in Control occurs during the original or any extended term of this Agreement, the term of this Agreement shall continue in effect for the twelve (12) month period immediately following the Change in Control.

 

2. Change in Control . No benefits shall be payable hereunder unless there has been a Change in Control. For purposes of this Agreement, a “Change in Control” shall mean (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Corporation, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Corporation of the voting stock of the Corporation to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries or other person or group that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries or other person or group (the “Acquiring Entity”) of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote; provided , however , that a sale by the stockholders of the Corporation of voting stock that results in the ownership by such Acquiring Entity of less than eighty percent (80%) of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Corporation entitled to vote shall nonetheless constitute a Change in Control if it results in the Acquiring Entity having the ability to appoint a majority of the members of the Board; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Corporation is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a


reverse merger in which the Corporation is the surviving corporation but less than fifty-one percent (51%) of the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately after the merger are beneficially owned by the Corporation’s stockholders (as determined immediately before the merger).

 

3. Termination in Anticipation of or Following Change in Control .

 

(i) General . If a Change in Control shall have occurred during the term of this Agreement, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii) if your employment is terminated within the thirteen (13) month period immediately following the date of such Change in Control (a) by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability (each as defined below), or (b) by you for Good Reason (as defined below) (a termination of your employment under the circumstances described in this sentence is sometimes hereinafter referred to as a “Payment Termination”). Notwithstanding anything contained herein, if your employment is terminated during the period commencing on the public announcement of a transaction which if consummated will constitute a Change in Control and ending on the date of consummation of such Change in Control either by the Corporation other than for Cause or Disability or by you for Good Reason, and if such termination (1) was at the request of a third party effecting the Change in Control or (2) otherwise arose in connection with or in anticipation of the Change in Control, then for all purposes of this Agreement your employment shall be deemed to have been terminated immediately after the actual occurrence of the Change in Control. Except as described in the preceding sentence, in the event that your employment with the Corporation is terminated for any reason and subsequently a Change in Control occurs, you shall not be entitled to any benefits hereunder. In the event that you are entitled to the benefits provided in Section 4(ii), such benefits shall be paid notwithstanding the subsequent expiration of the term of this Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if your employment is terminated in a Payment Termination, if any benefit or payment that would otherwise be provided to you pursuant to Section 5 of the Employment Agreement but for your termination being a Payment Termination is more favorable to you than that to which you would be entitled under this Agreement, you shall be entitled to receive the more favorable benefit or payment.

 

(ii) Death or Disability . Your employment with the Corporation shall terminate automatically upon your death. The Corporation may terminate your employment for Disability, but only if that Disability continues through the Date of Termination (as hereinafter defined). For purposes of this Agreement, “Disability” shall mean your absence from the full-time performance of your duties with the Corporation for one hundred eighty (180) consecutive days by reason of your physical or mental illness.

 

(iii) Cause . The Corporation may terminate your employment for Cause. For purposes of this Agreement, “Cause” shall mean (a) your willful and continued failure to substantially perform your duties with the Corporation (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination (as defined below) for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (b) your willful and continued failure to substantially follow and comply with such specific and lawful directives of the Board that are not inconsistent with your position

 

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as President and Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation (other than any such failure resulting from your incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after your issuance of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to you by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that you have not substantially performed your duties, (c) your willful commission of an act of fraud or dishonesty resulting in material economic or financial injury to the Corporation, or (d) your conviction of, or entry by you of a guilty or no contest plea to, the commission of a felony involving moral turpitude. For purposes of this Section 3(iii), no act, or failure to act, on your part shall be deemed “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by you not in good faith.

 

(iv) Good Reason . You may terminate your employment with the Corporation for Good Reason. For purposes of this Agreement, “Good Reason” shall mean the occurrence, after a Change in Control, of any one or more of the following events without your prior written consent, unless the Corporation fully corrects the circumstances constituting Good Reason (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination:

 

(a) Your removal from your position as Chief Executive Officer or President of the Corporation for any reason other than for Cause or your Disability;

 

(b) A material reduction in the nature or scope of your responsibilities, or the assignment to you of duties that are materially inconsistent with your position (in each case as compared to your responsibilities, duties or position immediately prior to the Change in Control);

 

(c) the Corporation’s reduction of your annual base salary or bonus opportunity, each as in effect on the date hereof or as the same may be increased from time to time;

 

(d) the Corporation’s failure to maintain a suitable and appropriate office in New York, New York or the Corporation’s discontinuance of its agreement to reimburse you for first class air travel for travel between New York, New York and the Corporation’s offices in Alviso, California;

 

(e) the Corporation’s failure to pay to you any portion of your then current compensation or any portion of an installment of deferred compensation under any deferred compensation program of the Corporation, in each case within seven (7) days of the date such compensation is due;

 

(f) the Corporation’s failure to continue in effect compensation and benefit plans which provide you with benefits which are no less favorable on an aggregate basis, both in terms of the amount of benefits provided and the level of your participation relative to other participants, to the benefits provided to you under the Corporation’s compensation and benefit plans and practices immediately prior to the Change in Control;

 

(g) the Corporation’s failure to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement, as contemplated in Section 5 hereof;

 

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(h) the Corporation requiring you to relocate your primary residence from New York;

 

(i) any purported modification of this Agreement by the Corporation or any termination of your employment by the Corporation for any reason other than for Cause or your Disability;

 

(j) the Corporation’s providing notice to you pursuant to Section 1 above that it does not wish to extend the term of this Agreement; or

 

(k) the Corporation’s material breach of any provision of your employment agreement with the Corporation.

 

Your right to terminate your employment pursuant to this Section 3(iv) shall not be affected by your incapacity due to physical or mental illness. Your continued employment shall not constitute consent to, or a waiver of rights with respect to, any circumstance constituting Good Reason hereunder.

 

(v) Notice of Termination . Any purported termination of your employment by the Corporation or by you (other than termination due to your death, which shall terminate your employment automatically) shall be communicated by a written Notice of Termination to the other party hereto in accordance with Section 6. For purposes of this Agreement, “Notice of Termination” shall mean a notice that shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement (if any) relied upon and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of your employment under the provision so indicated.

 

(vi) Date of Termination . For purposes of this Agreement, “Date of Termination” shall mean (a) if your employment is terminated due to your death, the date of your death; (b) if your employment is terminated for Disability, thirty (30) days after Notice of Termination is given (provided that you shall not have returned to the full time performance of your duties during such thirty (30) day period), and (c) if your employment is terminated for any reason other than death or Disability, the date specified in the Notice of Termination (which, in the case of a termination by the Corporation without Cause shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given, and in the case of a termination by you for Good Reason shall not be less than fifteen (15) nor more than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given).

 

4. Compensation Upon Termination .

 

(i) If your employment with the Corporation is terminated by reason of your death, by the Corporation for Cause or Disability, or by you other than for Good Reason, the Corporation shall pay you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due (including, without limitation, all accrued and unused vacation), and the Corporation shall have no further obligations to you under this Agreement.

 

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(ii) If you incur a Payment Termination, then, subject to Section 4(v), in lieu of any severance benefits to which you may otherwise be entitled under any severance plan or program of the Corporation or by law, you shall be entitled to the benefits provided below:

 

(a) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay to you your full base salary, when due, through the Date of Termination at the rate in effect at the time Notice of Termination is given, plus all other amounts to which you are entitled under any compensation plan or practice of the Corporation at the time such payments are due (including, without limitation, all accrued and unused vacation);

 

(b) the Corporation shall, at the time specified in Section 4(iii), pay as severance pay to you a lump-sum severance payment equal to the sum of the following:

 

(A) one hundred percent (100%) of the greater of (x) your monthly base salary as in effect immediately prior to delivery of the Notice of Termination multiplied by eighteen (18) or (y) your monthly base salary as in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control multiplied by eighteen (18); and

 

(B) one hundred percent (100%) of the greater of (x) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Date of Termination occurs or (y) your targeted annual bonus for the year in which the Change in Control occurs, as if the bonus goals are satisfied;

 

(c) you shall immediately become vested with respect to one hundred percent (100%) of the unvested portion of any stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and such other awards granted pursuant to the Corporation’s stock option and equity incentive award plans or agreements and any shares of stock issued upon exercise thereof that you then hold; provided, however that with regard to stock options or restricted shares of the Corporation’s capital stock held by you that contain provisions making the vesting of, or lapse of restrictions with respect to, such awards contingent upon the attainment of one or more performance goals (“Performance Awards”), such Performance Awards shall become vested and/or restrictions shall lapse with respect to one hundred percent (100%) of the shares of the Corporation’s capital stock that otherwise would have become vested during the year of your termination of employment as if the performance goals with respect to such year (or prior periods) had been attained;

 

(d) for the period beginning on the Date of Termination and ending on the earlier of (i) the date which is eighteen (18) full months following the Date of Termination or (ii) the first day of your eligibility to participate in a comparable group health plan maintained by a subsequent employer, the Corporation shall pay for and provide you and your dependents with the same medical benefits coverage to which you would have been entitled had you remained continuously employed by the Corporation during such period. In the event that you are ineligible under the terms of the Corporation’s benefit plans to continue to be so covered, the Corporation shall provide you with substantially equivalent coverage through other sources or will provide you with a lump sum payment (determined on a present value basis using the interest rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), on the Date of Termination) in such amount that, after all income and

 

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employment taxes on that amount, shall be equal to the cost to you of providing yourself such benefit coverage. At the termination of the benefits coverage under the first sentence of this Section 4(ii)(e), you and your dependents shall be entitled to continuation coverage pursuant to Section 4980B of the Code, Sections 601-608 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, and under any other applicable law, to the extent required by such laws, as if you had terminated employment with the Corporation on the date such benefits coverage terminates; and

 

(e) the Corporation shall furnish you for six (6) years following the Date of Termination (without reference to whether the term of this Agreement continues in effect) with directors’ and officers’ liability insurance insuring you against insurable events which occur or have occurred while you were a director or officer of the Corporation, such insurance to have policy limits aggregating not less than the amount in effect immediately prior to the Change in Control, and otherwise to be in substantially the same form and to contain substantially the same terms, conditions and exceptions as the liability issuance policies provided for officers and directors of the Corporation in force from time to time, provided, however , that such terms, conditions and exceptions shall not be, in the aggregate, materially less favorable to you than those in effect on the date hereof; provided, further , that if the aggregate annual premiums for such insurance at any time during such period exceed one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of the per annum rate of premium currently paid by the Corporation for such insurance, then the Corporation shall provide the maximum coverage that will then be available at an annual premium equal to one hundred and fifty percent (150%) of such rate.

 

(iii) The payments provided for in Sections 4(ii)(a) and (b) as applicable, shall be made not later than the fifth business day following the Date of Termination; provided, however , that if the amounts of such payments cannot be finally determined on or before such day, the Corporation shall pay to you on such day an estimate, as determined in good faith by the Corporation, of the minimum amount of such payments and shall pay the remainder of such payments (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code) as soon as the amount thereof can be determined but in no event later than the thirtieth day after the Date of Termination. In the event that the amount of the estimated payments exceeds the amount subsequently determined to have been due, such excess shall constitute a loan by the Corporation to you, payable on the fifth day after demand by the Corporation (together with interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code).

 

(iv) You shall not be required to mitigate the amount of any payment provided for in this Section 4 by seeking other employment or otherwise, nor shall the amount of any payment or benefit provided for in this Section 4 be reduced by any compensation earned by you as the result of employment by another employer or self-employment, by retirement benefits, by offset against any amounts (other than loans or advances to you by the Corporation) claimed to be owed by you to the Corporation, or otherwise.

 

(v) As a condition to your receipt of any benefits described in Section 4(ii) hereof, you shall be required to execute a Release in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A (the “Release”).

 

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5. Successors; Binding Agreement .

 

(i) The Corporation shall require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Corporation to expressly assume and agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Corporation would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place. Unless expressly provided otherwise, “Corporation” as used herein shall mean the Corporation as defined in this Agreement and any successor to its business and/or assets as aforesaid.

 

(ii) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by you and your personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributees, devisees and legatees. If you should die while any amount would still be payable to you hereunder had you continued to live, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to your devisee, legatee or other designee or, if there is no such designee, to your estate.

 

6. Notice . For purposes of this Agreement, notices and all other communications provided for in this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given when delivered or mailed by United States certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, postage prepaid, addressed to the respective addresses set forth on the first page of this Agreement, provided that all notices to the Corporation shall be directed to the attention of its Secretary, or to such other address as either party may have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith, except that notice of change of address shall be effective only upon receipt.

 

7. Confidentiality and Non-Solicitation Covenants .

 

(i) Confidentiality . You hereby agree that, other than as you determine in good faith is necessary or appropriate in the discharge of your duties to the Corporation, during the term of this Agreement and thereafter, you shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as defined below). You further agree that, upon termination of your employment with the Corporation, all Confidential Information in your possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Corporation and shall not be retained by you or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided, however , that this Section 7(i) shall not apply to Confidential Information that (a) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to you, (b) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Corporation by you, (c) is lawfully disclosed to you by a third party, (d) is required to be disclosed by law or by any court, arbitrator, mediator or administrative or legislative body (including any committee thereof) with actual or apparent jurisdiction to order you to disclose or make accessible any information, or (e) is related to any litigation, arbitration or mediation between the parties, including, but not limited to, the enforcement of this Agreement. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to you or known by you as a consequence of or through your relationship with the Corporation about the customers, employees, business methods, public

 

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relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, product lists, product road maps, technology specifications or other information related to the products and services of the Corporation and its affiliates. Nothing herein shall limit in any way any obligation you may have relating to Confidential Information under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation.

 

(ii) Non-Solicitation . You hereby agree that, for the eighteen (18) month period immediately following the Date of Termination, you shall not, either on your own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Corporation any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Corporation; provided, however , that (i) a general advertisement to which an employee of the Corporation responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 7(ii), and (ii) it shall not be a violation of this Section 7(ii) for Executive to directly or indirectly solicit the employment of, or to hire, his current executive assistant.

 

(iii) Survival; Reformation . The provisions of this Section 7 shall survive the termination or expiration of this Agreement and your employment with the Corporation and shall be fully enforceable thereafter. If it shall be finally determined that any restriction in this Section 7 is excessive in duration or scope or is unreasonable or unenforceable under the laws of any state or jurisdiction, it is the intention of the parties that such restriction may be modified or amended to render it enforceable to the maximum extent permitted by the law of that state or jurisdiction.

 

(iv) Equitable Relief . In the event that you shall breach or threaten to breach any of the provisions of this Section 7, in addition to and without limiting or waiving any other remedies available to the Corporation in law or in equity, the Corporation shall be entitled to immediate injunctive relief in any court, domestic or foreign, having the capacity to grant such relief, to restrain such breach or threatened breach and to enforce the provisions of this Section 7. You acknowledge that it is impossible to measure in money the damages that the Corporation will sustain in the event that you breach or threaten to breach the provisions of this Section 7 and, in the event that the Corporation shall institute any action or proceeding to enforce such provisions seeking injunctive relief, you hereby waive and agree not to assert and shall not use as a defense thereto the claim or defense that the Corporation has an adequate remedy at law. The foregoing shall not prejudice the right of the Corporation to require you to account for and pay over to the Corporation the amount of any actual damages incurred by the Corporation as a result of such breach.

 

8. Miscellaneous . No provision of this Agreement may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by you and such officer as may be specifically designated by the Board. No waiver by either party hereto at any time of any breach by the other party hereto of or compliance with, any condition or provision of this Agreement to be performed by such other party shall be deemed a waiver of similar or dissimilar provisions or conditions at the same or at any prior or subsequent time. No agreements or representations, oral or otherwise, express or implied, with respect to the subject

 

8


matter hereof have been made by either party which are not expressly set forth in this Agreement. The validity, interpretation, construction and performance of this Agreement shall be governed by the laws of the State of California without regard to its conflicts of law principles. All references to sections of the Exchange Act or the Code shall be deemed also to refer to any successor provisions to such sections. Except as provided in Section 4(ii)(f) hereunder, any payments provided for hereunder shall be paid net of any applicable withholding required under federal, state or local law. The obligations of the Corporation under Section 4 shall survive the expiration of the term of this Agreement. The section headings contained in this Agreement are for convenience only, and shall not affect the interpretation of this Agreement.

 

9. Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

10. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

11. Arbitration; Dispute Resolution, Etc .

 

(i) Arbitration Procedures . Except as set forth in Section 7(iv), any disagreement, dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation of this Agreement or any arrangements relating to this Agreement or contemplated in this Agreement or the breach, termination or invalidity thereof shall be settled by final and binding arbitration administered by JAMS/Endispute in San Jose, California in accordance with the then existing JAMS/Endispute Arbitration Rules and Procedures for Employment Disputes. In the event of such an arbitration proceeding, you and the Corporation shall select a mutually acceptable neutral arbitrator from among the JAMS/Endispute panel of arbitrators. In the event you and the Corporation cannot agree on an arbitrator, the Administrator of JAMS/Endispute will appoint an arbitrator. Neither you nor the Corporation nor the arbitrator shall disclose the existence, content, or results of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written consent of all parties. Except as provided herein, the Federal Arbitration Act shall govern the interpretation, enforcement and all proceedings. The arbitrator shall apply the substantive law (and the law of remedies, if applicable) of the state of California, or federal law, or both, as applicable, and the arbitrator is without jurisdiction to apply any different substantive law. The arbitrator shall have the authority to entertain a motion to dismiss and/or a motion for summary judgment by any party and shall apply the standards governing such motions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The arbitrator shall render an award and a written, reasoned opinion in support thereof. Judgment upon the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

 

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(ii) Compensation During Dispute, Etc. Your compensation during any disagreement, dispute, controversy, claim, suit, action or proceeding (collectively, a “Dispute”) arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation of this Agreement shall be as follows:

 

If there is a termination of your employment with the Corporation followed by a Dispute as to whether you are entitled to the payments and other benefits provided under this Agreement, then, during the period of that Dispute the Corporation shall pay you fifty percent (50%) of the amounts specified in Section 4(ii)(b) hereof, and the Corporation shall provide you with the other benefits provided in Section 4(ii) of this Agreement, if, but only if, you agree in writing that if the Dispute is resolved against you, you shall promptly refund to the Corporation all payments you receive under Section 4(ii)(b) of this Agreement plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly. If the Dispute is resolved in your favor, promptly after resolution of the Dispute the Corporation shall pay you all amounts which were withheld during the period of the Dispute plus interest at the rate provided in Section 1274(d) of the Code, compounded quarterly.

 

(iii) Expenses; Legal Fees . The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all administrative fees and costs, and all arbitrator’s fees and expenses incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement. The Corporation shall pay, or reimburse you for, all expenses and reasonable attorney’s fees incurred by you in connection with any Dispute arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation thereof with respect to which you prevail. In addition, the Corporation shall pay your reasonable attorney’s fees incurred in connection with negotiating and documenting this Agreement.

 

12. Entire Agreement . This Agreement sets forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and supersedes all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any prior agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein, including, without limitation, any prior severance agreements, is hereby terminated and cancelled. Any of your rights hereunder shall be in addition to any rights you may otherwise have under benefit plans or agreements of the Corporation (other than severance plans or agreements) to which you are a party or in which you are a participant, including, but not limited to, any Corporation sponsored employee benefit plans and stock options plans. The provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way abrogate your rights under such other plans and agreements. In addition this Agreement shall not limit in any way any obligation you may have under any other agreement with or promise to the Corporation relating to employee confidentiality, proprietary rights in technology or the assignment of interests in any intellectual property.

 

13. At-Will Employment . Nothing contained in this Agreement shall (i) confer upon you any right to continue in the employ of the Corporation, (ii) constitute any contract or agreement of employment, or (iii) interfere in any way with the at-will nature of your employment with the Corporation.

 

14. Code Section 409A . This Agreement shall be interpreted, construed and administered in a manner that satisfies the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder, and any payment scheduled to be made hereunder that would otherwise violate Section 409A of the Code shall be delayed to the extent necessary for this Agreement and such payment to comply with Section 409A and the Treasury Regulations thereunder.

 

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If this Agreement sets forth our agreement on the subject matter hereof, kindly sign and return to the Corporation a copy of this Agreement, which shall then constitute our agreement on this subject.

 

Sincerely,

TIVO INC.
By:   / S /    R ANDY K OMISAR        

Print Name:

  Randy Komisar

Title:

  Chairman, Nominating and Governance Committee

 

Agreed and Accepted,

this 24th day of June, 2005.

/ S /    T HOMAS S. R OGERS        
Thomas S. Rogers

 

SIGNATURE PAGE TO CHANGE OF CONTROL TERMS AND CONDITIONS


 

EXHIBIT A

 

GENERAL RELEASE OF CLAIMS

 

This General Release of Claims (“ Release ”) is entered into as of this          day of                      , 200    , between                                  (“ Executive ”), and TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) (collectively referred to herein as the “ Parties ”), effective eight (8) days after Executive’s signature (the “ Effective Date ”), unless Executive revokes his or her acceptance as provided in Paragraph 3(c), below.

 

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are parties to that certain Employment Agreement dated as of July 1, 2005 (the “ Employment Agreement ”);

 

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are parties to that certain Change of Control Agreement dated as of July 1, 2005 (the “ Change of Control Agreement ”);

 

WHEREAS, Executive’s employment with the Company terminated effective                      ,          (the “ Termination Date ”);

 

WHEREAS, the Parties agree that the termination of Executive’s employment has triggered severance payments and benefits to Executive under Section 5(c) of the Employment Agreement or Section 4 of the Change of Control Agreement, subject to Executive’s execution and non-revocation of this Release; and

 

WHEREAS, the Company and Executive now wish to document the termination of Executive’s employment with the Company and to fully and finally to resolve all matters between them.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of, and subject to, the severance payments and benefits to be made available to Executive pursuant to Section 5(c) of the Employment Agreement or Section 4 of the Change of Control Agreement, as applicable, the adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged by Executive, and which Executive acknowledges that he would not otherwise be entitled to receive, Executive and the Company hereby agree as follows:

 

1. Termination of Positions as Officer and Employment . Executive’s positions as an officer and employee of the Company are terminated effective as of the Termination Date.

 

2. Severance Payments and Benefits . Subject to Executive’s execution and non-revocation of this Release, Executive shall receive payments, severance benefits and benefits as described in Section 5(c) of the Employment Agreement or Section 4 of the Change of Control Agreement, as applicable.

 

3. General Release of Claims by Executive .

 

(a) Executive, on behalf of himself and his executors, heirs, administrators, representatives and assigns, hereby agrees to release and forever discharge the


Company and all predecessors, successors and their respective parent corporations, affiliates, related, and/or subsidiary entities, and all of their past and present investors, directors, shareholders, officers, general or limited partners, employees, attorneys, agents and representatives, and the employee benefit plans in which Executive is or has been a participant by virtue of his employment with the Company (collectively, the “ Company Releasees ”), from any and all claims, debts, demands, accounts, judgments, rights, causes of action, equitable relief, damages, costs, charges, complaints, obligations, promises, agreements, controversies, suits, expenses, compensation, responsibility and liability of every kind and character whatsoever (including attorneys’ fees and costs), whether in law or equity, known or unknown, asserted or unasserted, suspected or unsuspected (collectively, “ Claims ”), which Executive has or may have had against such entities based on any events or circumstances arising or occurring on or prior to the date hereof or on or prior to the Termination Date, arising directly or indirectly out of, relating to, or in any other way involving in any manner whatsoever Executive’s employment by or service to the Company or the termination thereof, including any and all claims arising under federal, state, or local laws relating to employment, including without limitation claims of wrongful discharge, breach of express or implied contract, fraud, misrepresentation, defamation, or liability in tort, and claims of any kind that may be brought in any court or administrative agency including, without limitation, claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 USC Section 2000, et seq .; the Americans with Disabilities Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq .; the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 701 et seq .; the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and the Civil Rights Act of 1991; 42 USC Section 1981, et seq .; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended, 29 USC Section 621, et seq .; the Equal Pay Act, as amended, 29 USC Section 206(d); regulations of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance, 41 CFR Section 60, et seq .; the Family and Medical Leave Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 2601 et seq .; the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 201 et seq .; The Executive Retirement Income Security Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq .; and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, California Government Code Section 12940, et seq .

 

Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing, Executive does not release the following claims:

 

(i) Claims for unemployment compensation or any state disability insurance benefits pursuant to the terms of applicable state law;

 

(ii) Claims for workers’ compensation insurance benefits under the terms of any worker’s compensation insurance policy or fund of the Company;

 

(iii) Claims to continued participation in the Company’s group medical, dental, vision, and life insurance benefit plans pursuant to the terms and conditions of the federal law known as COBRA;

 

(iv) Claims for indemnity under the bylaws of the Company, as provided for by Delaware law or under any applicable insurance policy with respect to Executive’s liability as an employee or officer of the Company of that certain Indemnification Agreement dated              between Executive and the Company;

 

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(v) Claims based on any right Executive may have to enforce the Company’s executory obligations under the Employment Agreement, the Change of Control Agreement or agreements related to stock awards granted to Executive by the Company; and

 

(vi) Claims Executive may have to vested or earned compensation and benefits.

 

(b) EXECUTIVE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF AND IS FAMILIAR WITH THE PROVISIONS OF CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE SECTION 1542, WHICH PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:

 

“A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH, IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER, MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.”

 

BEING AWARE OF SAID CODE SECTION, EXECUTIVE HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHTS HE MAY HAVE THEREUNDER, AS WELL AS UNDER ANY OTHER STATUTES OR COMMON LAW PRINCIPLES OF SIMILAR EFFECT.

 

(c) Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act . Executive agrees and expressly acknowledges that this Release includes a waiver and release of all claims which he has or may have under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 621, et seq . (“ ADEA ”). The following terms and conditions apply to and are part of the waiver and release of the ADEA claims under this Release:

 

(i) This paragraph, and this Release are written in a manner calculated to be understood by him.

 

(ii) The waiver and release of claims under the ADEA contained in this Release does not cover rights or claims that may arise after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

(iii) This Release provides for consideration in addition to anything of value to which he is already entitled.

 

(iv) Executive has been advised to consult an attorney before signing this Release.

 

(v) Executive has been granted twenty-one (21) days after he is presented with this Release to decide whether or not to sign this Release. If he executes this Release prior to the expiration of such period, he does so voluntarily and after having had the opportunity to consult with an attorney, and hereby waives the remainder of the twenty-one (21) day period.

 

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(vi) Executive has the right to revoke this general release within seven (7) days of signing this Release. In the event he does so, both this Release and the offer of benefits to him pursuant to the Employment Agreement or the Change of Control Agreement, as applicable, will be null and void in their entirety, and he will not receive any severance payments or benefits under the Employment Agreement or the Change of Control Agreement.

 

If he wishes to revoke this Release, Executive shall deliver written notice stating his or her intent to revoke this Release to the Chairman of the Board of Directors of the Company and the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, or, if Executive is serving in such capacities as of the Termination Date, to the Chairman of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company, at the offices of the Company on or before 5:00 p.m. on the seventh (7 th ) day after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

4. No Assignment . Executive represents and warrants to the Company Releasees that there has been no assignment or other transfer of any interest in any Claim that Executive may have against the Company Releasees, or any of them. Executive agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company Releasees from any liability, claims, demands, damages, costs, expenses and attorneys’ fees incurred as a result of any such assignment or transfer from Executive; provided , however , that this sentence shall not apply with respect to a claim challenging the validity of this general release with respect to a claim under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended.

 

5. Confidential Information; Return of Company Property . Executive hereby certifies that he has complied with Section 5(g) of the Employment Agreement.

 

6. Paragraph Headings . The headings of the several paragraphs in this Release are inserted solely for the convenience of the Parties and are not a part of and are not intended to govern, limit or aid in the construction of any term or provision hereof.

 

7. Notices . All notices, requests and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by courier or other means of personal service (including by means of a nationally recognized courier service or professional messenger service), or sent by telex or telecopy or mailed first class, postage prepaid, by certified mail, return receipt requested, in all cases, addressed to:

 

If to the Company or the Board:

 

TiVo Inc.

2160 Gold Street

P.O. Box 2160

Alviso, California 95002-2160

Attention: Secretary

 

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If to Executive:

 

Thomas S. Rogers

48 Biltmore Avenue

Rye, New York 10580

 

All notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed given on the date of actual receipt or delivery as evidenced by written receipt, acknowledgement or other evidence of actual receipt or delivery to the address. In case of service by telecopy, a copy of such notice shall be personally delivered or sent by registered or certified mail, in the manner set forth above, within three business days thereafter. Any party hereto may from time to time by notice in writing served as set forth above designate a different address or a different or additional person to which all such notices or communications thereafter are to be given.

 

8. Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Release shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Release, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

9. Governing Law and Venue . This Release is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California applicable to contracts made and to be performed wholly within such State, and without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. Any suit brought hereon shall be brought in the state or federal courts sitting in San Jose, California, the Parties hereby waiving any claim or defense that such forum is not convenient or proper. Each party hereby agrees that any such court shall have in personam jurisdiction over it and consents to service of process in any manner authorized by California law.

 

10. Counterparts . This Release may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

11. Construction . The language in all parts of this Release shall in all cases be construed simply, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against any of the parties hereto. Without limitation, there shall be no presumption against any party on the ground that such party was responsible for drafting this Release or any part thereof.

 

12. Entire Agreement . This Release, the Employment Agreement and the Change of Control Agreement set forth the entire agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein and supersede all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any prior agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein.

 

13. Amendment . No provision of this Release may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by Executive and such officer of the Company as may be specifically designated by the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

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14. Understanding and Authority . The Parties understand and agree that all terms of this Release are contractual and are not a mere recital, and represent and warrant that they are competent to covenant and agree as herein provided. The Parties have carefully read this Release in its entirety; fully understand and agree to its terms and provisions; and intend and agree that it is final and binding on all Parties.

 

(Signature Page Follows)

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, and intending to be legally bound, the Parties have executed the foregoing Release as of the date first written above.

 

EXECUTIVE       TIVO INC.
        By:    

Print Name: 

         

Print Name: 

   
           

Title:

   

 

SIGNATURE PAGE TO RELEASE

Exhibit 10.3

 

EMPLOYMENT TRANSITION AGREEMENT

 

This Employment Transition Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is entered into between Michael Ramsay, an individual (“ Executive ”), and TiVo Inc., (the “ Company ”), effective as of July 29, 2005 (the “ Effective Date ”).

 

WHEREAS, the Company desires to retain Executive to provide services to the Company and wishes to provide Executive with certain compensation and benefits in return for Executive’s services; and

 

WHEREAS, Executive wishes to provide services to the Company in return for certain compensation and benefits.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises herein contained, the parties agree as follows:

 

1. Definitions . As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

 

(a) Board . “ Board ” means the board of directors of the Company.

 

(b) Cause . “ Cause ” means, unless Executive fully corrects the circumstances constituting Cause (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination, (a) Executive’s willful and continued failure to substantially perform his duties or services to the Company, including his duties as a member of the Board (other than any such failure resulting from Executive’s incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after his issuance of a Notice of Termination (as defined below) for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to Executive by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that Executive has not substantially performed his duties or services to the Company, (b) Executive’s willful and continued failure to substantially follow and comply with the specific and lawful directives of the Chief Executive Officer of the Company or the Board, as reasonably determined by the Board (other than any such failure resulting from Executive’s incapacity due to physical or mental illness or any such actual or anticipated failure after his issuance of a Notice of Termination for Good Reason), after a written demand for substantial performance is delivered to Executive by the Board, which demand specifically identifies the manner in which the Board believes that Executive has not substantially performed his duties or services to the Company, (c) Executive’s willful commission of an act of fraud or dishonesty resulting in material economic or financial injury to the Company, (d) Executive’s conviction of, or entry by Executive of a guilty or no contest plea to, the commission of a felony involving moral turpitude, or (e) Executive’s breach of the non-disparagement provisions of Section 10 of this Agreement or any material breach of his confidential or proprietary information obligations to the Company. For purposes of this Section 1(b), no act, or failure to act, on Executive’s part shall be deemed “willful” unless done, or omitted to be done, by him not in good faith.


(c) Change of Control . “ Change of Control ” means, in one or a series of related transactions, (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries or other person or group that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries or other person or group (the “ Acquiring Entity ”) of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote; provided , however , that a sale by the stockholders of the Company of voting stock that results in the ownership by such Acquiring Entity of less than eighty percent (80%) of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote shall nonetheless constitute a Change of Control if it results in the Acquiring Entity having the ability to appoint a majority of the members of the Board, (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation, or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but less than fifty-one percent (51%) of the shares of the Company’s common stock outstanding immediately after the merger are beneficially owned by the Company’s stockholders (as determined immediately before the merger).

 

(d) Constructive Termination as a Director . “ Constructive Termination as a Director ” means the occurrence of any one or more of the following events without Executive’s prior written consent, unless the Company fully corrects the circumstances constituting Constructive Termination as a Director (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination, (i) the Company’s failure to timely pay Executive compensation or reimbursement owed to him by virtue of his service as a non-employee member of the Board within seven (7) days of the date such compensation or reimbursement is due, (ii) the Company’s failure to provide Executive with notice of Board meetings and Board meeting materials at a time no later than such are provided to other Board members generally, (iii) holding one or more meetings of the Board including substantially all of the Board and intentionally excluding Executive, unless Executive’s inclusion in such meetings would present a conflict of interest, (iv) a majority of the Board requests that Executive resign from the Board (other than for reasons that would constitute Cause hereunder), (v) the Company’s failure to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement, as contemplated in Section 14(b)(i) hereof, or (vi) the Company’s breach of the non-disparagement provisions of Section 10 of this Agreement.

 

(e) Date of Termination . “ Date of Termination ” means (i) if Executive’s employment by or service to the Company under this Agreement is terminated due to his death, the date of his death; (ii) if Executive’s employment by or service to the Company is terminated for Disability, thirty (30) days after Notice of Termination is given (provided that Executive shall not have returned to the full time performance of his duties or services to the Company under this Agreement during such thirty (30) day period); and (iii) if Executive’s employment by or service to the Company under this Agreement is terminated for any reason other than death or Disability, the date specified in the Notice of Termination (which, in the case of a termination by the Company without Cause shall not be less than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given, and in the case of a termination by Executive for Good Reason, for Constructive Termination as a Director or by the Company for Cause shall not be less than fifteen (15) nor more than thirty (30) days from the date such Notice of Termination is given).

 

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(f) Disability . Disability ” means Executive’s absence from the full-time performance of his duties or services to the Company with the Company for six (6) consecutive months by reason of Executive’s physical or mental illness.

 

(g) Good Reason . “ Good Reason ” means the occurrence of any one or more of the following events without Executive’s prior written consent, unless the Company fully corrects the circumstances constituting Good Reason (provided such circumstances are capable of correction) prior to the Date of Termination:

 

(i) the Company’s reduction of Executive’s base salary or retainer as provided for in this Agreement;

 

(ii) the relocation of the Company’s offices at which Executive is providing services such that Executive’s one-way daily commute from his principal residence to the Company’s offices at which he is providing services is increased by more than fifty (50) miles;

 

(iii) the Company’s failure to pay to Executive any portion of his then current compensation under Section 4 below within seven (7) days of the date such compensation is due;

 

(iv) the Company’s failure to obtain a satisfactory agreement from any successor to assume and agree to perform this Agreement, as contemplated in Section 14(b)(i) hereof;

 

(v) any purported termination of Executive’s employment or service under this Agreement that is not effected pursuant to a Notice of Termination satisfying the requirements of Section 1(i) hereof (and, if applicable, the requirements of Section 1(b) hereof), which purported termination shall not be effective for purposes of this Agreement; or

 

(vi) the Company’s breach of the non-disparagement provisions of Section 10 of this Agreement.

 

Executive’s right to terminate his employment by or service to the Company pursuant to this Section 1(g) shall not be affected by his incapacity due to physical or mental illness. Executive’s continued service shall not constitute consent to, or a waiver of rights with respect to, any circumstance constituting Good Reason hereunder.

 

(h) New Outside Technology. “ New Outside Technology ” shall mean any technology that, as of the Effective Date, is not embodied in any released or beta test product of the Company or would be reasonably deemed to be within the Company’s long-term business plan. Without limitation, a technology will be deemed embodied in a product if the product or its use would infringe the associated intellectual property rights owned or controlled by the Company.

 

(i) Notice of Termination . Any purported termination of Executive’s employment by or service to the Company by the Company or by Executive (other than

 

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termination due to Executive’s death, which shall terminate Executive’s employment or service automatically), including a termination from Board membership following a Constructive Termination as a Director, shall be communicated by a written Notice of Termination to the other party hereto in accordance with Section 14(g). For purposes of this Agreement, “ Notice of Termination ” shall mean a notice that shall indicate the specific termination provision in this Agreement (if any) relied upon and shall set forth in reasonable detail the facts and circumstances claimed to provide a basis for termination of Executive’s employment or Board membership under the provision so indicated.

 

(j) Stock Awards . “ Stock Awards ” means all stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and such other awards granted pursuant to the Company’s stock option and equity incentive award plans or agreements and any shares of stock issued upon exercise thereof.

 

2. Transition Period .

 

(a) First Transition Period . During the period commencing on the Effective Date and ending on September 9, 2005 (the “ First Transition Period ”), Executive will continue to be employed by the Company.

 

(b) Second Transition Period . Following the First Transition Period. Executive shall continue to be employed by the Company for a period of six (6) months (the “ Second Transition Period ”).

 

(c) Subsequent Transition Periods . Following the end of the Second Transition Period, Executive may continue to be employed by the Company for additional six-month periods as shall be mutually agreed upon by Executive and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company (the “ Subsequent Transition Periods ,” and together with the First Transition Period and the Second Transition Period, the “ Transition Period ”). The parties expressly acknowledge that the Chief Executive Officer may determine that there will be no Subsequent Transition Periods.

 

(d) Status as Employee . During the Transition Period, Executive shall continue to be considered an employee of the Company for all purposes, including for purposes of state and federal income taxation. Subject to Section 5, the Company and Executive acknowledge that Executive’s employment under this Agreement may be terminated by either party at any time for any or no reason, with or without notice.

 

3. Duties and Services .

 

(a) Scope of Services During Transition Period . Executive shall devote such percentage of his business time and effort to the performance of his services hereunder as may be mutually agreed upon by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company and Executive. Executive shall, upon the request or direction of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, provide such additional information, advice and assistance concerning matters that are within the scope of Executive’s knowledge and expertise. The scope of Executive’s services during the Transition Period shall include, but is not necessarily limited to, serving as

 

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Chairman of the Technology Advisory Committee and the Company’s beta test program and providing other advice and assistance that reasonably falls within Executive’s knowledge and expertise. During the First Transition Period, Executive shall also assist the Company’s Chief Executive Officer with transition matters. Executive’s advice shall be of an advisory nature and Company shall not have any obligation to follow such advice. During the Transition Period, Executive shall continue to be provided with office space, voicemail access, email access and such other support as the Company may determine in good faith is necessary for Executive’s satisfactory performance of his services hereunder.

 

(b) Availability . Executive shall be available to provide services under this Agreement during normal business hours (“normal business hours” being 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. Pacific Time on any day excluding Saturday, Sunday and any day which is a legal holiday under the laws of the State of California or is a day on which banking institutions located in California are authorized or required by law or other governmental action to close). If requested by the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, Executive shall provide the services in person at the principal executive offices of Company or at another location to be mutually agreed by Executive and the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, unless Executive is on a scheduled vacation. The Company shall reasonably accommodate Executive’s schedule when requesting Executive’s assistance pursuant to this Section 3(b). The Company acknowledges and agrees that Executive’s service during the Transition Period will be on a limited, part-time basis, and the Company agrees to not make unreasonable demands on Executive’s time during the Transition Period.

 

(c) Continued Board Membership . Executive shall continue to serve as a member of the Board following the Effective Date. Following the expiration of the Executive’s current term on the Board, Executive will be considered for continued membership on the Board upon the mutual agreement of the Board and Executive. Following the expiration of the First Transition Period, Executive shall be considered a non-employee member of the Board regardless of whether or not he continues to be an employee of the Company for the remainder of the Transition Period. For his service as a non-employee member of the Board, Executive shall be eligible to receive director fees and Stock Awards in accordance with standard Company policy regarding such fees and Stock Awards for non-employee members of the Board.

 

4. Compensation .

 

(a) First Transition Period . During the First Transition Period, Executive shall be entitled to receive the following compensation and benefits from the Company:

 

(i) The Company shall pay to Executive his base salary as was in effect immediately prior to the Effective Date, payable in accordance with the Company’s standard payroll practices;

 

(ii) The Company shall pay to Executive fifty percent (50%) of Executive’s target cash bonus for the fiscal year in which the end of the First Transition Period occurs, based on the Company’s achievement of the relevant performance targets through July 31, 2005 (the “ July Bonus ”). Such cash bonus shall be paid as soon as practicable following

 

5


July 31, 2005. If, following the end of the fiscal year in which the end of the First Transition Period occurs, fifty percent (50%) of Executive’s target cash bonus for such fiscal year, calculated based on the Company’s actual performance for the full fiscal year (the “ Actual Bonus Amount ”), is greater than the July Bonus, the Company shall pay to Executive an additional cash bonus equal to the amount by which the Actual Bonus Amount exceeds the July Bonus at the time Company bonuses are customarily paid to Company employees;

 

(iii) Executive shall be eligible to participate in any employee benefit plans or programs, including but not limited to group medical, dental, and vision benefits, life and disability insurance benefits, long term care insurance, and other programs, maintained or established by the Company to the same extent as full-time employees of the Company, subject to the generally applicable terms and conditions of the plan or program in question relating to full-time employees and the determination of any committee administering such plan or program; and

 

(iv) All accrued but unpaid vacation earned by Executive shall be paid to Executive by the Company on the last day of the First Transition Period.

 

(b) Second and Subsequent Transition Periods . During the Second Transition Period and the Subsequent Transition Periods, if any, Executive shall be entitled to receive the following compensation and benefits from the Company:

 

(i) The Company shall pay Executive a base salary of $100,000 per year, payable monthly in accordance with the Company’s standard payroll practices; and

 

(ii) Executive will be eligible for continued benefits as described in Section 4(a)(iii) above.

 

(c) Expenses . The Company shall reimburse Executive for reasonable out-of-pocket business expenses incurred in connection with the performance of his services hereunder, subject to (i) such written policies as the Company may from time to time establish, and (ii) Executive furnishing the Company with evidence in the form of receipts satisfactory to the Company substantiating the claimed expenditures.

 

(d) Stock Awards . During the Transition Period, and thereafter for so long as Executive continues to serve as a member of the Board, all of Executive’s unexercised Stock Awards shall continue to vest and be exercisable, if applicable, pursuant to the terms of the Company equity plan(s) and stock award agreements pursuant to which they were granted; provided , however , that the vesting of Executive’s stock options to purchase 250,000 shares of the Company’s common stock granted on March 11, 2005 (the “ CEO Stock Options ”) shall be automatically adjusted so that (A) the vesting period of such CEO Stock Options shall be extended to twice the length of the remaining vesting period at the Effective Date and (B) the number of shares of the Company’s common stock subject to such CEO Stock Options vesting on each vesting date during the extended vesting period shall be proportionately adjusted to reflect such extension, it being understood that such changes shall be implemented so that one hundred percent (100%) of the CEO Stock Options will vest by the end of the revised vesting schedule. Notwithstanding the foregoing, following the Effective Date, Executive shall not be

 

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entitled to any additional grants of Stock Awards, except grants to which Executive may be entitled as a non-employee member of the Board.

 

5. Termination and Severance . Executive shall be entitled to receive benefits upon termination of his employment by the Company during the Transition Period and the termination of his service as a member of the Board only as set forth in this Section 5:

 

(a) Termination . If Executive’s employment by the Company during the Transition Period terminates for any reason, or if Executive’s service as a member of the Board terminates for any reason, Executive shall not be entitled to any payments, benefits, damages, awards or compensation other than as provided in this Agreement. This Agreement shall automatically terminate upon the death of Executive.

 

(b) Payments Upon Termination of Transition Period.

 

(i) Termination For Cause, Voluntary Resignation Without Good Reason or Expiration of Second or Subsequent Transition Periods . If Executive’s employment by the Company during the Transition Period is terminated (x) by the Company for Cause, (y) by Executive other than for Good Reason, or (z) as a result of the expiration of the Second Transition Period or a Subsequent Transition Period and the non-renewal of Subsequent Transition Periods, the Company shall pay Executive (or his estate) all amounts due and payable under Section 4 above up to and including the Date of Termination, and the Company shall have no further obligations to Executive (or his estate) under this Section 5(b). The foregoing shall be in addition to, and not in lieu of, any and all other rights and remedies which may be available to the Company under the circumstances, whether at law or in equity.

 

(ii) Termination Without Cause or for Good Reason . If Executive’s employment by the Company during the Transition Period is terminated (y) by the Company other than for Cause or Disability, (y) by Executive for Good Reason, then, subject to Section 9, Executive shall be entitled to receive the benefits provided below:

 

(A) the Company shall pay to Executive all amounts due and payable under Section 4 above up to and including the Date of Termination;

 

(B) the Company shall pay to Executive all base salary and bonus amounts which would be payable to Executive pursuant to Section 4 for the six (6) month period following the Date of Termination, payable to Executive at the same times and in the same manner as such amounts would be payable to Executive had his employment not been terminated; and

 

(C) for the period beginning on the Date of Termination and ending on the earlier of (i) the date which is six (6) full months following the Date of Termination or (ii) the first day of Executive’s eligibility to participate in a comparable group health plan maintained by a subsequent employer, Executive will be eligible for continued benefits as described in Section 4(a)(iii) above. At the termination of the benefits coverage under the first sentence of this Section 5(b)(ii)(C), Executive and his

 

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dependents shall be entitled to continuation coverage to the extent required under COBRA (and, if applicable, Cal-COBRA) at Executive’s expense.

 

(iii) Termination Due to Death or Disability . If Executive’s employment by the Company during the Transition Period is terminated due to Executive’s death or Disability while Executive is a member of the Board, then Executive (or his estate or personal representative) shall receive the accelerated vesting of his Stock Awards and post-termination exercise period specified in Section 5(c)(i) hereof.

 

(iv) No Duplication of Benefits . Executive shall only be entitled to receive the severance and benefits described in Section 5(b)(ii) upon the termination of his employment by the Company during the Transition Period as described above and a termination of his service as a member of the Board without a corresponding termination of his employment by the Company during the Transition Period will not entitle Executive to such severance and benefits. In the event that, following a termination of Executive’s employment by the Company during the Transition Period, Executive continues to serve as a member of the Board, Executive shall not receive any additional benefits under Section 5(b)(ii) upon the termination of Executive’s service as a member of the Board.

 

(c) Termination of Service as a Member of the Board .

 

(i) Termination Prior to August 1, 2007 . If, prior to August 1, 2007, (x) Executive’s service as a member of the Board is terminated by the Company for any reason other than for Cause or as a result of Executive’s death or Disability, (y) if Executive resigns from the Board following a Constructive Termination as a Director, or (z) if Executive is not renominated for election to the Board at or following the expiration of his current term, then, subject to Section 9, the vesting and/or exercisability of each of Executive’s outstanding Stock Awards shall be automatically accelerated on the date of termination of Executive’s service as a member of the Board as to the lesser of (A) the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the twelve (12) month period following the date of termination had Executive remained as a member of the Board during such period, or (B) the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the period commencing on the date of termination and ending on July 31, 2007 had Executive remained as a member of the Board during such period; provided , however , that in no event shall the accelerated vesting pursuant to this sentence apply to less than the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the six (6) month period following the date of termination had Executive remained as a member of the Board during such period. In addition, Executive’s Stock Awards shall remain exercisable by Executive for a period of one (1) year following the date of termination or such shorter maximum period as will not result in adverse tax consequences to Executive under Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “ Code ”), and the Treasury Regulations thereunder.

 

(ii) Termination On or After August 1, 2007 . If, on or after August 1, 2007, (x) Executive’s service as a member of the Board is terminated by the Company for any reason other than for Cause or as a result of Executive’s death or Disability, (y) if Executive resigns from the Board following a Constructive Termination as a Director, or (z) if Executive is not renominated for election to the Board following the expiration of his current term, then,

 

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subject to Section 9, the vesting and/or exercisability of each of Executive’s outstanding Stock Awards shall be automatically accelerated on the date of termination of Executive’s service as a member of the Board as to the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the six (6) month period following the date of termination had Executive remained as a member of the Board during such period. In addition, Executive’s Stock Awards shall remain exercisable by Executive for a period of one (1) year following the date of termination or such shorter maximum period as will not result in adverse tax consequences to Executive under Section 409A of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder.

 

(iii) No Duplication of Benefits . Executive shall only be entitled to receive the benefits described in this Section 5(c) upon the termination of his service as a member of the Board as described above and a termination of his employment by the Company during the Transition Period without a corresponding termination of his service as a member of the Board will not entitle Executive to such benefits. In the event that, following a termination of Executive’s service as a member of the Board, Executive continues to serve as an employee or consultant to the Company, (i) Executive’s Stock Awards shall continue to vest pursuant to the vesting schedules applicable to such Stock Awards after giving effect to the foregoing acceleration for so long as Executive continues to serve as an employee or consultant to the Company (i.e., the shares that would otherwise vest last shall accelerate and the Stock Awards shall continue monthly vesting at the same rate as prior to the acceleration), and (ii) Executive shall not receive any additional benefits under this Section 5(c) upon the termination of Executive’s employment by or service to the Company. In the event that Executive’s service as a member of the Board is terminated at the same time as the termination of his employment by the Company during the Transition Period, Executive shall be entitled to receive benefits under Section 5(a) or 5(b), as applicable, in addition to any benefits to which he is entitled under this Section 5(c).

 

(d) Change of Control . In the event of a Change of Control prior to the termination of Executive’s service as a member of the Board or his service as an employee during the Transition Period, the vesting and/or exercisability of each of Executive’s outstanding Stock Awards shall be automatically accelerated on the effective date of the Change of Control as to a number of Stock Awards equal to the lesser of (i) the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the twelve (12) month period following the effective date of the Change of Control pursuant to the vesting schedule applicable to such Stock Awards, or (ii) the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the period commencing on the effective date of the Change of Control and ending on July 31, 2007 pursuant to the vesting schedule applicable to such Stock Awards; provided , however , that in no event shall the accelerated vesting pursuant to this sentence apply to less than the number of Stock Awards that would vest over the nine (9) month period following the effective date of the Change of Control pursuant to the vesting schedule applicable to such Stock Awards. In addition, Executive’s Stock Awards shall remain exercisable by Executive for a period of one (1) year following the date of his termination of employment or services or such shorter maximum period as will not result in adverse tax consequences to Executive under Section 409A of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder. In the event that Executive’s service as a member of the Board is terminated on the effective date of a Change of Control, Executive shall receive benefits under Section 5(c) or this Section 5(d), whichever is more favorable to Executive, but he shall not be entitled to benefits under both Sections. In the event that Executive continues to be employed

 

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by or provide services to the Company or continues to serve as a member of the Board following the effective date of the Change of Control, (i) Executive’s Stock Awards shall continue to vest following the effective date of such Change of Control pursuant to the vesting schedules applicable to such Stock Awards after giving effect to the foregoing acceleration so long as Executive continues to serve as an employee or consultant to the Company or as a member of the Board (i.e., the shares that would otherwise vest last shall accelerate and the Stock Awards shall continue monthly vesting at the same rate as prior to the acceleration), and (ii) Executive shall not receive any additional benefits under Section 5(c) upon the termination of Executive’s service as a member of the Board.

 

(e) Exclusive Remedy . Except as otherwise expressly required by law (e.g., COBRA) or as specifically provided herein, all of Executive’s rights to severance, benefits, and other amounts hereunder (if any) accruing after the termination of Executive’s employment by or service to the Company shall cease upon such termination. In the event of a termination of Executive’s employment by the Company during the Transition Period or the termination of Executive’s service as a member of the Board, Executive’s sole remedy shall be to receive the payments and benefits described in this Section 5.

 

(f) Return of the Company’s Property . If Executive’s employment by or service to the Company is terminated for any reason, the Company shall have the right, at its option, to require Executive to vacate his offices prior to or on the effective Date of Termination and to cease all activities on the Company’s behalf. Upon the termination of his employment by or service to the Company in any manner, as a condition to the Executive’s receipt of any post-termination benefits described in this Agreement, Executive shall promptly surrender to the Company all lists, books and records containing Confidential Information (as defined below) and all other property belonging to the Company, it being distinctly understood that all such lists, books and records containing Confidential Information are the property of the Company; provided , however , that, in the event Executive continues to serve as a member of the Board following the Date of Termination, Executive shall be entitled to retain such lists, books, records and property as he is entitled to retain in his capacity as a member of the Board; provided , further , that Executive shall be able to keep copies of any materials relating to a New Outside Technology unless and until the Company is pursuing such New Outside Technology in accordance with Section 7 hereto.

 

(g) Retirement of Email Address . Following the Date of Termination, the Company shall permanently retire Executive’s email address (mike@tivo.com).

 

6. Resignation from Technology Advisory Committee . Upon the Company’s request at any time, Executive shall resign from his position as a member of the Company’s Technology Advisory Committee and any such request shall not constitute Good Reason or Constructive Termination as a Director for purposes of this Agreement, nor shall such resignation constitute a termination of any Transition Period then in effect.

 

7. New Outside Technology . If, during the Transition Period, Executive in the course of his employment for the Company obtains knowledge of a New Outside Technology and wishes to use the New Outside Technology, Executive may do so in accordance with this Section 7 provided that Company is not pursuing, planning to pursue, or evaluating in good

 

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faith whether to pursue commercialization of the New Outside Technology. Prior to Executive pursuing commercialization of the New Outside Technology, Executive shall notify the Chief Executive Officer in writing of the New Outside Technology and Executive’s interest in pursuing commercialization of such New Outside Technology. Company will be deemed to not be pursuing the New Outside Technology unless the Company acting in good faith notifies Executive in writing within 120 days of Executive’s notice that it is pursuing, planning to pursue or evaluating in good faith whether to pursue commercialization of the New Outside Technology. Notwithstanding any other agreement with Company, with respect to New Outside Technology that Executive obtains knowledge of during the Transition Period that Company is not pursuing or contemplating pursuing, Executive shall retain all right, title and interest (“Ownership”) in such New Outside Technology if Executive is a sole or joint inventor, author or other creator thereof provided that Executive provides Company with a non-exclusive, perpetual, royalty-free license, under any applicable patents embodied in such New Outside Technology. In order to obtain the foregoing rights with respect to New Outside Technology of which Executive obtains knowledge during the Transition Period, Executive shall be required to provide Company notice in advance of Executive’s commercializing such technology. Executive shall have no obligation to provide Company notice regarding Executive’s pursuing New Outside Technology of which Executive obtains knowledge after the Transition Period (“Post Transition Period New Outside Technology”). Executive will retain Ownership of any Post Transition Period New Outside Technology of which Executive is the sole or joint inventor, author or other creator. Without limiting the foregoing, it is agreed that the exploitation of New Outside Technology by Executive pursuant to this Section 7 shall not constitute Executive’s improper appropriation of the Company’s corporate opportunity or of the Company’s confidential or proprietary information and shall not subject Executive to any potential claim or liability from the Company or its affiliates.

 

8. Certain Covenants .

 

(a) Noncompetition . Except as may otherwise be approved by the Board, during the term of Executive’s employment by or service to the Company under this Agreement, Executive shall not have any ownership interest (of record or beneficial) in, or have any interest as an employee, salesman, consultant, officer or director in, or otherwise aid or assist in any manner, any firm, corporation, partnership, proprietorship or other business that engages in any county, city or part thereof in the United States and/or any foreign country in a business which competes directly with the Company’s business in such county, city or part thereof, so long as the Company, or any successor in interest of the Company to the business and goodwill of the Company, remains engaged in such business in such county, city or part thereof or continues to solicit customers or potential customers therein; provided , however , that Executive may own, directly or indirectly, solely as an investment, securities of any entity if Executive (x) is not a controlling person of, or a member of a group which controls, such entity; or (y) does not, directly or indirectly, own (A) five percent (5%) or more of any class of securities of any such entity which is traded on any national securities exchange, or (B) one percent (1%) or more of any class of securities of any such entity that is not traded on any national securities exchange (so long as Executive is not an officer, director, employee or consultant of or to such entity).

 

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(b) Confidentiality . Executive hereby agrees that, during the term of this Agreement and thereafter, he shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as defined below). Executive further agrees that, upon termination of his employment by or service to the Company, all Confidential Information in his possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Company and shall not be retained by Executive or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided , however , that, in the event Executive continues to serve as a member of the Board following the Date of Termination, Executive shall be entitled to retain such lists, books, records and property as he is entitled to retain in his capacity as a member of the Board; provided , further , that, this Section 8(b) shall not apply to Confidential Information that (i) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to Executive, (ii) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Company by Executive, (iii) is lawfully disclosed to Executive by a third party, (iv) is required to be disclosed by law or by any court, arbitrator, mediator or administrative or legislative body (including any committee thereof) with actual or apparent jurisdiction to order Executive to disclose or make accessible any information, or (v) is related to any litigation, arbitration or mediation between the parties, including, but not limited to, the enforcement of this Agreement. As used in this Agreement, the term “ Confidential Information ” means: confidential information disclosed to Executive or known by Executive as a consequence of or through Executive’s relationship with the Company about the customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, product lists, product road maps, technology specifications or other information related to the products and services of the Company and its affiliates. Nothing herein shall limit in any way any obligation Executive may have relating to Confidential Information under any other agreement with or promise to the Company. The parties agree that Executive shall have access to the Company’s latest technology in connection with his role as the Chairman of the Technology Advisory Committee and beta test program of the Company, which information shall also be Confidential Information.

 

(c) Non-Solicitation . Executive hereby agrees that, for the twelve (12) month period immediately following the termination of the Transition Period, Executive shall not, either on his own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Company any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Company; provided , however , that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Company responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 8(c).

 

9. Releases; Resignations . Executive’s right to receive any payments or other compensation to be made to Executive pursuant to this Agreement to which he is not already entitled (e.g., excluding Stock Awards that continue to vest according to their terms as in effect prior to the Effective Date), including any base salary, bonus or retainer during the term of this Agreement, shall be contingent on (a) Executive providing to the Company (and failing to

 

12


revoke) a full and complete general release in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A-1 (the “ Initial Release ”) prior to the Effective Date and (b) Executive providing to the Company a signed letter of resignation from the boards of directors of TiVo International, Inc., TiVo Intl II, Inc., TCG, Inc., TiVo Brands LLC and TiVo (UK) Limited. The payments to be made to Executive pursuant to Section 5(b)(ii) and 5(c) shall be contingent on Executive providing to the Company (and failing to revoke) an additional general release in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A-2 (the “ Termination Release ”) effective as of the date of termination of his employment by or service to the Company.

 

10. Nondisparagement; Confidentiality . Executive agrees that neither he nor anyone acting by, through, under or in concert with him shall disparage or otherwise communicate negative statements or opinions about the Company, its Board members, officers, employees or business. The Company agrees that neither its Board members nor officers shall disparage or otherwise communicate negative statements or opinions about Executive. Except as may be required by law, neither Executive, nor any member of Executive’s family, nor anyone else acting by, through, under or in concert with Executive will disclose to any individual or entity (other than Executive’s legal or tax advisors) the terms of this Agreement.

 

11. Arbitration, Dispute Resolution, Etc .

 

(a) Arbitration Procedures . Except as set forth in Section 8, any disagreement, dispute, controversy or claim arising out of or relating to this Agreement or the interpretation of this Agreement or any arrangements relating to this Agreement or contemplated in this Agreement or the breach, termination or invalidity thereof shall be settled by final and binding arbitration administered by JAMS/Endispute in San Jose, California in accordance with the then existing JAMS/Endispute Arbitration Rules and Procedures for Employment Disputes. In the event of such an arbitration proceeding, Executive and the Company shall select a mutually acceptable neutral arbitrator from among the JAMS/Endispute panel of arbitrators. In the event Executive and the Company cannot agree on an arbitrator, the Administrator of JAMS/Endispute will appoint an arbitrator. Neither Executive nor the Company nor the arbitrator shall disclose the existence, content, or results of any arbitration hereunder without the prior written consent of all parties. Except as provided herein, the Federal Arbitration Act shall govern the interpretation, enforcement and all proceedings. The arbitrator shall apply the substantive law (and the law of remedies, if applicable) of the state of California, or federal law, or both, as applicable, and the arbitrator is without jurisdiction to apply any different substantive law. The arbitrator shall have the authority to entertain a motion to dismiss and/or a motion for summary judgment by any party and shall apply the standards governing such motions under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure. The arbitrator shall render an award and a written, reasoned opinion in support thereof. Judgment upon the award may be entered in any court having jurisdiction thereof.

 

(b) Expenses; Legal Fees . The Company shall pay, or reimburse Executive for, all administrative fees and costs, and all arbitrator’s fees and expenses incurred by Executive in connection with any Dispute arising out of or related to this Agreement. In addition, the Company shall reimburse Executive up to $12,500 for his reasonable attorney’s fees incurred in connection with negotiating and documenting this Agreement.

 

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12. Litigation Cooperation . Executive agrees to give reasonable cooperation, at the Company’s request, in any pending or future litigation or arbitration brought against the Company and in any investigation the Company may conduct. The Company agrees to (x) reimburse Executive for his reasonable expenses incurred in connection with such cooperation within thirty (30) days after receipt of an invoice from Executive setting forth in reasonable detail such expenses, (y) during the Transition Period, reimburse Executive for his time spent in connection with such cooperation at a rate of no less than $250 per hour for each hour of litigation cooperation over twenty (20) hours per week he spends on Company matters (including time spent as an employee during the Transition Period and time spent providing litigation cooperation), and (z) following the Transition Period, reimburse Executive for his time spent in connection with such litigation cooperation at a rate of no less than $250 per hour. Air travel, hotel costs and entertainment expenses will be reimbursed consistent with the Company’s past practices with respect to Executive, as determined by the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, in his reasonable discretion. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Company shall have no obligation by virtue of this Section 12 to pay Executive for time spent and expenses incurred by Executive in any pending or future litigation or arbitration where Executive is a co-defendant or party to the arbitration or litigation.

 

13. Indemnification Agreement . The Company hereby reaffirms its obligations under that certain Indemnification Agreement between the Company and Executive substantially in the form filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with Securities and Exchange Commission (File No. 333-83515) (the “ Indemnification Agreement ”). The Company’s obligations under the Indemnification Agreement shall survive Executive’s termination of employment by or service to the Company.

 

14. Miscellaneous .

 

(a) Entire Agreement . This Agreement and the agreements referenced herein set forth the entire agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein and supersede all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any prior agreement of the parties hereto in respect of the subject matter contained herein, including without limitation, any prior severance agreements, any contrary or limiting provisions in any Company equity compensation plan and that certain Change of Control Terms and Conditions dated as of December 29, 2003, between Executive and the Company. Any of Executive’s rights hereunder shall be in addition to any rights Executive may otherwise have under benefit plans or agreements of the Company (other than severance plans or agreements) to which Executive is a party or in which Executive is a participant, including, but not limited to, any Company sponsored employee benefit plans and stock option plans. The provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way abrogate Executive’s rights under such other plans and agreements. In addition, except as specified in Section 7 hereof, this Agreement shall not limit in any way any obligation Executive may have under any other agreement with or promise to the Company relating to confidentiality, proprietary rights in technology or the assignment of interests in any intellectual property.

 

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(b) Assignment; Assumption by Successor .

 

(i) The rights of the Company under this Agreement may, without the consent of Executive, be assigned by the Company, in its sole and unfettered discretion, to any person, firm, corporation or other business entity which at any time, whether by purchase, merger or otherwise, directly or indirectly, acquires all or substantially all of the assets or business of the Company. The Company shall require any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business or assets of the Company expressly to assume and to agree to perform this Agreement in the same manner and to the same extent that the Company would be required to perform it if no such succession had taken place; provided , however , that no such assumption shall relieve the Company of its obligations hereunder. Unless expressly provided otherwise, “ Company ” as used herein shall mean the Company as defined in this Agreement and any successor to its business and/or assets as aforesaid.

 

(ii) None of the rights of Executive to receive any form of compensation payable pursuant to this Agreement shall be assignable or transferable except through a testamentary disposition or by the laws of descent and distribution upon the death of Executive. Any attempted assignment, transfer, conveyance, or other disposition (other than as aforesaid) of any interest in the rights of Executive to receive any form of compensation to be made by the Company pursuant to this Agreement shall be void.

 

(iii) This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by Executive and his personal or legal representatives, executors, administrators, successors, heirs, distributes, devisees and legatees. If Executive should die while any amount would still be payable to Executive hereunder had he continued to live, all such amounts, unless otherwise provided herein, shall be paid in accordance with the terms of this Agreement to his devisee, legatee or other designee or, if there is no such designee, to his estate.

 

(c) Survival . The covenants, agreements, representations and warranties contained in or made in Sections 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 of this Agreement shall survive any termination of Executive’s services or any termination of this Agreement.

 

(d) Third-Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement does not create, and shall not be construed as creating, any rights enforceable by any person not a party to this Agreement.

 

(e) Waiver . The failure of either party hereto at any time to enforce performance by the other party of any provision of this Agreement shall in no way affect such party’s rights thereafter to enforce the same, nor shall the waiver by either party of any breach of any provision hereof be deemed to be a waiver by such party of any other breach of the same or any other provision hereof.

 

(f) Section Headings . The headings of the several sections in this Agreement are inserted solely for the convenience of the parties and are not a part of and are not intended to govern, limit or aid in the construction of any term or provision hereof.

 

(g) Notices . All notices, requests and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by courier or other means of personal service (including by means of a nationally recognized courier service or professional messenger service), or sent by

 

15


telex or telecopy or mailed first class, postage prepaid, by certified mail, return receipt requested, in all cases, addressed to:

 

If to the Company or the Board:

 

TiVo Inc.

2160 Gold Street

Alviso, California 95002-2160

Attention: Secretary

 

If to Executive:

 

Michael Ramsay

13060 N. Alta Lane

Los Altos Hills, CA 94022

 

All notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed given on the date of actual receipt or delivery as evidenced by written receipt, acknowledgement or other evidence of actual receipt or delivery to the address. In case of service by telecopy, a copy of such notice shall be personally delivered or sent by registered or certified mail, in the manner set forth above, within three business days thereafter. Any party hereto may from time to time by notice in writing served as set forth above designate a different address or a different or additional person to which all such notices or communications thereafter are to be given.

 

(h) Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Agreement shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Agreement, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

(i) Governing Law and Venue . This Agreement is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California applicable to contracts made and to be performed wholly within such State, and without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. Except as provided in Sections 8 and 11, any suit brought hereon shall be brought in the state or federal courts sitting in San Jose, California, the parties hereto hereby waiving any claim or defense that such forum is not convenient or proper. Each party hereby agrees that any such court shall have in personam jurisdiction over it and consents to service of process in any manner authorized by California law.

 

(j) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

(k) Construction . The language in all parts of this Agreement shall in all cases be construed simply, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against any of the parties hereto. Without limitation, there shall be no presumption against any party on the ground that such party was responsible for drafting this Agreement or any part thereof.

 

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(l) Code Section 409A . This Agreement shall be interpreted, construed and administered in a manner that satisfies the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and the Treasury Regulations thereunder, and any payment scheduled to be made hereunder that would otherwise violate Section 409A of the Code shall be delayed or accelerated (whichever is most favorable to Executive, in his reasonable discretion) to the extent necessary for this Agreement and such payment to comply with Section 409A and the Treasury Regulations thereunder.

 

(m) Amendment . No provision of this Agreement may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by Executive and such officer of the Company as may be specifically designated by the Board.

 

(n) Taxes . All compensation payable to Executive hereunder shall be subject to applicable tax withholding. Executive acknowledges that (i) the Company has made no representation to Executive as to the tax treatment of any compensation or benefits to be paid to Executive under this Agreement, (ii) the tax treatment of any compensation or benefits paid to Executive under this Agreement will be determined in the reasonable discretion of the Company, which determination will be final and binding on the parties, and (iii) the Company has no obligation to “gross-up” any amounts payable to Executive under this Agreement for taxes payable by Executive thereon.

 

(o) RIGHT TO ADVICE OF COUNSEL . EXECUTIVE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE HAS THE RIGHT, AND IS ENCOURAGED, TO CONSULT WITH HIS LAWYER; BY HIS SIGNATURE BELOW, EXECUTIVE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE HAS CONSULTED WITH HIS LAWYER CONCERNING THIS AGREEMENT.

 

(Signature Page Follows)

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first set forth above.

 

TIVO INC.

By:   /s/    G EOFF Y ANG        

Print Name:

  Geoff Yang

 

/s/    M ICHAEL R AMSAY        
Michael Ramsay

 

(Signature Page to Employment Transition Agreement)


EXHIBIT A-1

GENERAL RELEASE OF CLAIMS

(Initial Release)

 

This General Release of Claims (“ Release ”) is entered into as of this 29th day of July, 2005, between Michael Ramsay (“ Executive ”), and TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) (collectively referred to herein as the “ Parties ”), effective eight (8) days after Executive’s signature (the “ Effective Date ”), unless Executive revokes his acceptance as provided in Paragraph 3(c), below.

 

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are parties to that certain Employment Transition Agreement dated as of July 29, 2005 (the “ Agreement ”);

 

WHEREAS, Executive’s execution of this Release is a material inducement to the Company’s entering into the Agreement; and

 

WHEREAS, the Company and Executive now wish to fully and finally resolve all matters between them.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of, and subject to, the Company’s execution of the Agreement, the adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged by Executive, and which Executive acknowledges that he would not otherwise be entitled to receive, Executive and the Company hereby agree as follows:

 

1. General Release of Claims by Executive .

 

(a) Executive, on behalf of himself and his executors, heirs, administrators, representatives and assigns, hereby agrees to release and forever discharge the Company and all predecessors, successors and their respective parent corporations, affiliates, related, and/or subsidiary entities, and all of their past and present investors, directors, shareholders, officers, general or limited partners, employees, attorneys, agents and representatives, and the employee benefit plans in which Executive is or has been a participant by virtue of his employment with or service to the Company (collectively, the “ Company Releasees ”), from any and all claims, debts, demands, accounts, judgments, rights, causes of action, equitable relief, damages, costs, charges, complaints, obligations, promises, agreements, controversies, suits, expenses, compensation, responsibility and liability of every kind and character whatsoever (including attorneys’ fees and costs), whether in law or equity, known or unknown, asserted or unasserted, suspected or unsuspected (collectively, “ Claims ”), which Executive has or may have had against such entities based on any events or circumstances arising or occurring on or prior to the date hereof or on or prior to the Effective Date, arising directly or indirectly out of, relating to, or in any other way involving in any manner whatsoever Executive’s employment by or service to the Company or the termination thereof, including any and all claims arising under federal, state, or local laws relating to employment, including without limitation claims of wrongful discharge, breach of express or implied contract, fraud, misrepresentation, defamation, or liability in tort, and claims of any kind that may be brought in any court or administrative agency including, without limitation, claims under Title VII of the


Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. Section 2000, et seq .; the Americans with Disabilities Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq .; the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 701 et seq .; the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and the Civil Rights Act of 1991; 42 U.S.C. Section 1981, et seq .; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. Section 621, et seq .; the Equal Pay Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. Section 206(d); regulations of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance, 41 C.F.R. Section 60, et seq .; the Family and Medical Leave Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 2601 et seq .; the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 201 et seq .; The Employee Retirement Income Security Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq .; and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, California Government Code Section 12940, et seq .

 

Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing, Executive does not release the following claims:

 

(i) Claims for unemployment compensation or any state disability insurance benefits pursuant to the terms of applicable state law;

 

(ii) Claims for workers’ compensation insurance benefits under the terms of any worker’s compensation insurance policy or fund of the Company;

 

(iii) Claims to continued participation in the Company’s group medical, dental, vision, and life insurance benefit plans pursuant to the Agreement;

 

(iv) Claims for indemnity under the bylaws of the Company, as provided for by Delaware law or under any applicable insurance policy with respect to Executive’s liability as an employee, director or officer of the Company of that certain Indemnification Agreement between Executive and the Company;

 

(v) Claims based on any right Executive may have to enforce the Company’s executory obligations under the Agreement or agreements related to stock awards granted to Executive by the Company;

 

(vi) Claims arising under the Agreement; and

 

(vii) Claims Executive may have to vested or earned compensation and benefits.

 

(b) EXECUTIVE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF AND IS FAMILIAR WITH THE PROVISIONS OF CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE SECTION 1542, WHICH PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:

 

“A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH, IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER, MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.”

 

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BEING AWARE OF SAID CODE SECTION, EXECUTIVE HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHTS HE MAY HAVE THEREUNDER, AS WELL AS UNDER ANY OTHER STATUTES OR COMMON LAW PRINCIPLES OF SIMILAR EFFECT.

 

(c) Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act . Executive agrees and expressly acknowledges that this Release includes a waiver and release of all claims which he has or may have under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 621, et seq . (“ ADEA ”). The following terms and conditions apply to and are part of the waiver and release of the ADEA claims under this Release:

 

(i) This paragraph and this Release are written in a manner calculated to be understood by him.

 

(ii) The waiver and release of claims under the ADEA contained in this Release does not cover rights or claims that may arise after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

(iii) This Release provides for consideration in addition to anything of value to which he is already entitled.

 

(iv) Executive has been advised to consult an attorney before signing this Release.

 

(v) Executive has been granted twenty-one (21) days after he is presented with this Release to decide whether or not to sign this Release. If he executes this Release prior to the expiration of such period, he does so voluntarily and after having had the opportunity to consult with an attorney, and hereby waives the remainder of the twenty-one (21) day period.

 

(vi) Executive has the right to revoke this general release within seven (7) days of signing this Release. In the event he does so, both this Release and the offer of benefits to him pursuant to the Agreement will be null and void in their entirety, and he will not receive any severance payments or benefits under the Agreement.

 

If he wishes to revoke this Release, Executive shall deliver written notice stating his intent to revoke this Release to the Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company at the offices of the Company on or before 5:00 p.m. on the seventh (7 th ) day after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

2. Release of Claims by the Company .

 

(a) As of the Effective Date, the Company voluntarily releases and discharges Executive and his heirs, successors, administrators, representatives, related entities and assigns and all of their past and present attorneys. representatives and agents, from all Claims which the Company has or may have had against such entities based on any events or circumstances arising or occurring on or prior to the date hereof or on or prior to the Effective

 

3


Date, arising directly or indirectly out of, relating to or in any other way involving in any manner whatsoever Executive’s employment by or service to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall release or discharge any Claim by the Company against Executive as a result of any failure by him to perform his obligations under the Agreement or as a result of any acts of intentional misconduct or recklessness or any Claim which a corporation may not provide an officer with exculpation of, or indemnification from, under applicable Delaware law.

 

(b) THE COMPANY ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HAS BEEN ADVISED OF AND IS FAMILIAR WITH THE PROVISIONS OF CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE SECTION 1542, WHICH PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:

 

“A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.”

 

BEING AWARE OF SAID CODE SECTION, THE COMPANY HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHTS IT MAY HAVE THEREUNDER, AS WELL AS UNDER ANY OTHER STATUTES OR COMMON LAW PRINCIPLES OF SIMILAR EFFECT.

 

3. No Assignment . Executive represents and warrants to the Company Releasees that there has been no assignment or other transfer of any interest in any Claim that Executive may have against the Company Releasees, or any of them. Executive agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company Releasees from any liability, claims, demands, damages, costs, expenses and attorneys’ fees incurred as a result of any such assignment or transfer from Executive; provided , however , that this sentence shall not apply with respect to a claim challenging the validity of this general release with respect to a claim under the ADEA.

 

4. Paragraph Headings . The headings of the several paragraphs in this Release are inserted solely for the convenience of the Parties and are not a part of and are not intended to govern, limit or aid in the construction of any term or provision hereof.

 

5. Notices . All notices, requests and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by courier or other means of personal service (including by means of a nationally recognized courier service or professional messenger service), or sent by telex or telecopy or mailed first class, postage prepaid, by certified mail, return receipt requested, in all cases, addressed to:

 

If to the Company or the Board:

 

TiVo Inc.

2160 Gold Street

P.O. Box 2160

Alviso, California 95002-2160

Attention: Secretary

 

4


If to Executive:

 

Michael Ramsay

13060 N. Alta Lane

Los Altos Hills, CA 94022

 

All notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed given on the date of actual receipt or delivery as evidenced by written receipt, acknowledgement or other evidence of actual receipt or delivery to the address. In case of service by telecopy, a copy of such notice shall be personally delivered or sent by registered or certified mail, in the manner set forth above, within three business days thereafter. Any party hereto may from time to time by notice in writing served as set forth above designate a different address or a different or additional person to which all such notices or communications thereafter are to be given.

 

6. Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Release shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Release, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

7. Governing Law and Venue . This Release is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California applicable to contracts made and to be performed wholly within such State, and without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. Any suit brought hereon shall be brought in the state or federal courts sitting in San Jose, California, the Parties hereby waiving any claim or defense that such forum is not convenient or proper. Each party hereby agrees that any such court shall have in personam jurisdiction over it and consents to service of process in any manner authorized by California law.

 

8. Counterparts . This Release may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

9. Construction . The language in all parts of this Release shall in all cases be construed simply, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against any of the parties hereto. Without limitation, there shall be no presumption against any party on the ground that such party was responsible for drafting this Release or any part thereof.

 

10. Entire Agreement . This Release and the Agreement set forth the entire agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein and supersede all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any prior agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein.

 

11. Amendment . No provision of this Release may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by

 

5


Executive and such officer of the Company as may be specifically designated by the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

12. Understanding and Authority . The Parties understand and agree that all terms of this Release are contractual and are not a mere recital, and represent and warrant that they are competent to covenant and agree as herein provided. The Parties have carefully read this Release in its entirety; fully understand and agree to its terms and provisions; and intend and agree that it is final and binding on all Parties.

 

(Signature Page Follows)

 

6


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, and intending to be legally bound, the Parties have executed the foregoing Release as of the date first written above.

 

EXECUTIVE

     

TIVO INC.

    /s/    M ICHAEL R AMSAY               By:   /s/    G EOFF Y ANG         

Print Name:

  Michael Ramsay      

Print Name:

  Geoff Yang

 

SIGNATURE PAGE TO INITIAL RELEASE


EXHIBIT A-2

GENERAL RELEASE OF CLAIMS

(Termination Release)

 

This General Release of Claims (“ Release ”) is entered into as of this          day of                                      , 200      , between Michael Ramsay (“ Executive ”), and TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) (collectively referred to herein as the “ Parties ”), effective eight (8) days after Executive’s signature (the “ Effective Date ”), unless Executive revokes his acceptance as provided in Paragraph 3(c), below.

 

WHEREAS, Executive and the Company are parties to that certain Employment Transition Agreement dated as of July 29, 2005 (the “ Agreement ”);

 

WHEREAS, the Parties agree that the termination of Executive’s service has triggered severance benefits to Executive under Section 5 of the Agreement, subject to Executive’s execution and non-revocation of this Release; and

 

WHEREAS, the Company and Executive now wish to fully and finally resolve all matters between them.

 

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of, and subject to, the severance benefits to be made available to Executive pursuant to Section 5 of the Agreement, the adequacy of which is hereby acknowledged by Executive, and which Executive acknowledges that he would not otherwise be entitled to receive, Executive and the Company hereby agree as follows:

 

1. General Release of Claims by Executive .

 

(a) Executive, on behalf of himself and his executors, heirs, administrators, representatives and assigns, hereby agrees to release and forever discharge the Company and all predecessors, successors and their respective parent corporations, affiliates, related, and/or subsidiary entities, and all of their past and present investors, directors, shareholders, officers, general or limited partners, employees, attorneys, agents and representatives, and the employee benefit plans in which Executive is or has been a participant by virtue of his employment with or service to the Company (collectively, the “ Company Releasees ”), from any and all claims, debts, demands, accounts, judgments, rights, causes of action, equitable relief, damages, costs, charges, complaints, obligations, promises, agreements, controversies, suits, expenses, compensation, responsibility and liability of every kind and character whatsoever (including attorneys’ fees and costs), whether in law or equity, known or unknown, asserted or unasserted, suspected or unsuspected (collectively, “ Claims ”), which Executive has or may have had against such entities based on any events or circumstances arising or occurring on or prior to the date hereof or on or prior to the Effective Date, arising directly or indirectly out of, relating to, or in any other way involving in any manner whatsoever Executive’s employment by or service to the Company or the termination thereof, including any and all claims arising under federal, state, or local laws relating to employment, including without limitation claims of wrongful discharge, breach of express or implied contract, fraud, misrepresentation, defamation, or liability in tort, and claims of any kind that may be brought in

 

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any court or administrative agency including, without limitation, claims under Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, 42 U.S.C. Section 2000, et seq .; the Americans with Disabilities Act, as amended, 42 U.S.C. § 12101 et seq .; the Rehabilitation Act of 1973, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 701 et seq .; the Civil Rights Act of 1866, and the Civil Rights Act of 1991; 42 U.S.C. Section 1981, et seq .; the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. Section 621, et seq .; the Equal Pay Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. Section 206(d); regulations of the Office of Federal Contract Compliance, 41 C.F.R. Section 60, et seq .; the Family and Medical Leave Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 2601 et seq .; the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 201 et seq .; the Employee Retirement Income Security Act, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 1001 et seq .; and the California Fair Employment and Housing Act, California Government Code Section 12940, et seq .

 

Notwithstanding the generality of the foregoing, Executive does not release the following claims:

 

(i) Claims for unemployment compensation or any state disability insurance benefits pursuant to the terms of applicable state law;

 

(ii) Claims for workers’ compensation insurance benefits under the terms of any worker’s compensation insurance policy or fund of the Company;

 

(iii) Claims to continued participation in the Company’s group medical, dental, vision, and life insurance benefit plans pursuant to the Agreement or the terms and conditions of the federal law known as COBRA;

 

(iv) Claims for indemnity under the bylaws of the Company, as provided for by Delaware law or under any applicable insurance policy with respect to Executive’s liability as an employee, director or officer of the Company of that certain Indemnification Agreement between Executive and the Company;

 

(v) Claims based on any right Executive may have to enforce the Company’s executory obligations under the Agreement or agreements related to stock awards granted to Executive by the Company;

 

(vi) Claims arising under the Agreement; and

 

(vii) Claims Executive may have to vested or earned compensation and benefits.

 

(b) EXECUTIVE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT HE HAS BEEN ADVISED OF AND IS FAMILIAR WITH THE PROVISIONS OF CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE SECTION 1542, WHICH PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:

 

“A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH, IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER, MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.”

 

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BEING AWARE OF SAID CODE SECTION, EXECUTIVE HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHTS HE MAY HAVE THEREUNDER, AS WELL AS UNDER ANY OTHER STATUTES OR COMMON LAW PRINCIPLES OF SIMILAR EFFECT.

 

(c) Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act . Executive agrees and expressly acknowledges that this Release includes a waiver and release of all claims which he has or may have under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, 29 U.S.C. § 621, et seq . (“ ADEA ”). The following terms and conditions apply to and are part of the waiver and release of the ADEA claims under this Release:

 

(i) This paragraph, and this Release are written in a manner calculated to be understood by him.

 

(ii) The waiver and release of claims under the ADEA contained in this Release does not cover rights or claims that may arise after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

(iii) This Release provides for consideration in addition to anything of value to which he is already entitled.

 

(iv) Executive has been advised to consult an attorney before signing this Release.

 

(v) Executive has been granted twenty-one (21) days after he is presented with this Release to decide whether or not to sign this Release. If he executes this Release prior to the expiration of such period, he does so voluntarily and after having had the opportunity to consult with an attorney, and hereby waives the remainder of the twenty-one (21) day period.

 

(vi) Executive has the right to revoke this general release within seven (7) days of signing this Release. In the event he does so, both this Release and the offer of benefits to him pursuant to the Agreement will be null and void in their entirety, and he will not receive any severance payments or benefits under the Agreement.

 

If he wishes to revoke this Release, Executive shall deliver written notice stating his intent to revoke this Release to the Chairman of the Nominating and Governance Committee of the Board of Directors of the Company at the offices of the Company on or before 5:00 p.m. on the seventh (7 th ) day after the date on which he signs this Release.

 

2. Release of Claims by the Company .

 

(a) As of the Effective Date, the Company voluntarily releases and discharges Executive and his heirs, successors, administrators, representatives, related entities and assigns and all of their past and present attorneys. representatives and agents, from all Claims which the Company has or may have had against such entities based on any events or circumstances arising or occurring on or prior to the date hereof or on or prior to the Effective

 

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Date, arising directly or indirectly out of, relating to or in any other way involving in any manner whatsoever Executive’s employment by or service to the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall release or discharge any Claim by the Company against Executive as a result of any failure by him to perform his obligations under the Agreement or as a result of any acts of intentional misconduct or recklessness or any Claim which a corporation may not provide an officer with exculpation of, or indemnification from, under applicable Delaware law.

 

(b) THE COMPANY ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT HAS BEEN ADVISED OF AND IS FAMILIAR WITH THE PROVISIONS OF CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE SECTION 1542, WHICH PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:

 

“A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.”

 

BEING AWARE OF SAID CODE SECTION, THE COMPANY HEREBY EXPRESSLY WAIVES ANY RIGHTS IT MAY HAVE THEREUNDER, AS WELL AS UNDER ANY OTHER STATUTES OR COMMON LAW PRINCIPLES OF SIMILAR EFFECT.

 

3. No Assignment . Executive represents and warrants to the Company Releasees that there has been no assignment or other transfer of any interest in any Claim that Executive may have against the Company Releasees, or any of them. Executive agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Company Releasees from any liability, claims, demands, damages, costs, expenses and attorneys’ fees incurred as a result of any such assignment or transfer from Executive; provided , however , that this sentence shall not apply with respect to a claim challenging the validity of this general release with respect to a claim under the ADEA.

 

4. Paragraph Headings . The headings of the several paragraphs in this Release are inserted solely for the convenience of the Parties and are not a part of and are not intended to govern, limit or aid in the construction of any term or provision hereof.

 

5. Notices . All notices, requests and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be delivered by courier or other means of personal service (including by means of a nationally recognized courier service or professional messenger service), or sent by telex or telecopy or mailed first class, postage prepaid, by certified mail, return receipt requested, in all cases, addressed to:

 

If to the Company or the Board:

 

TiVo Inc.

2160 Gold Street

P.O. Box 2160

Alviso, California 95002-2160

Attention: Secretary

 

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If to Executive:

 

Michael Ramsay

13060 N. Alta Lane

Los Altos Hills, CA 94022

 

All notices, requests and other communications shall be deemed given on the date of actual receipt or delivery as evidenced by written receipt, acknowledgement or other evidence of actual receipt or delivery to the address. In case of service by telecopy, a copy of such notice shall be personally delivered or sent by registered or certified mail, in the manner set forth above, within three business days thereafter. Any party hereto may from time to time by notice in writing served as set forth above designate a different address or a different or additional person to which all such notices or communications thereafter are to be given.

 

6. Confidential Information; Return of Company Property . Executive hereby certifies that he has complied with Section 6(f) of the Agreement.

 

7. Severability . The invalidity or unenforceability of any provision of this Release shall not affect the validity or enforceability of any other provision of this Release, which shall remain in full force and effect.

 

8. Governing Law and Venue . This Release is to be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of California applicable to contracts made and to be performed wholly within such State, and without regard to the conflicts of laws principles thereof. Any suit brought hereon shall be brought in the state or federal courts sitting in San Jose, California, the Parties hereby waiving any claim or defense that such forum is not convenient or proper. Each party hereby agrees that any such court shall have in personam jurisdiction over it and consents to service of process in any manner authorized by California law.

 

9. Counterparts . This Release may be executed in several counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original but all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

 

10. Construction . The language in all parts of this Release shall in all cases be construed simply, according to its fair meaning, and not strictly for or against any of the parties hereto. Without limitation, there shall be no presumption against any party on the ground that such party was responsible for drafting this Release or any part thereof.

 

11. Entire Agreement . This Release and the Agreement set forth the entire agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein and therein and supersede all prior agreements, promises, covenants, arrangements, communications, representations or warranties, whether oral or written, by any officer, employee or representative of any party hereto, and any prior agreement of the Parties in respect of the subject matter contained herein.

 

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12. Amendment . No provision of this Release may be modified, waived or discharged unless such waiver, modification or discharge is agreed to in writing and signed by Executive and such officer of the Company as may be specifically designated by the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

13. Understanding and Authority . The Parties understand and agree that all terms of this Release are contractual and are not a mere recital, and represent and warrant that they are competent to covenant and agree as herein provided. The Parties have carefully read this Release in its entirety; fully understand and agree to its terms and provisions; and intend and agree that it is final and binding on all Parties.

 

(Signature Page Follows)

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, and intending to be legally bound, the Parties have executed the foregoing Release as of the date first written above.

 

EXECUTIVE

     

TIVO INC.

        By:    

Print Name:

         

Print Name:

   
           

Title:

   

 

SIGNATURE PAGE TO TERMINATION RELEASE

Exhibit 10.4

 

T I V O I NC .

 

1999 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN

 

STOCK OPTION AGREEMENT

 

Pursuant to the Stock Option Grant Notice (“ Grant Notice ”) and this Stock Option Agreement, TiVo, Inc. (the “ Company ”) has granted you an option under its 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”) to purchase the number of shares of Common Stock indicated in the Grant Notice at the exercise price indicated in the Grant Notice. Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Stock Option Agreement or the Grant Notice but defined in the Plan shall have the same definitions as in the Plan.

 

The details of your option are as follows:

 

1. V ESTING . Subject to the limitations contained herein, your option will vest as provided in the Grant Notice, provided that vesting will cease upon the termination of your Continuous Service. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 1 or in the Grant Notice, your option may vest on an accelerated basis pursuant to Section 11(d) of the Plan and, if applicable, the Change of Control Terms and Conditions between the Company and Employee dated as of                      , 20      (the “ Change of Control Agreement ”).

 

2. M ETHOD O F P AYMENT . Payment of the exercise price is due in full upon exercise of all or part of your option. You may elect to make payment of the exercise price in cash or by or in any manner that is permitted in the Grant Notice, which may include one or more of the following:

 

(a) pursuant to a program developed under Regulation T as promulgated by the Federal Reserve Board which, prior to the issuance of Common Stock, results in either the receipt of cash (or check) by the Company or the receipt of irrevocable instructions to pay the aggregate exercise price to the Company from the sales proceeds; or

 

(b) provided that a the time of exercise the Common Stock is publicly traded and quoted regularly in The Wall Str e et Journal, by delivery of already-owned shares of Common Stock, held for the period required to avoid a charge to the Company’s reported earnings, and owned free and clear of any liens, claims, encumbrances or security interests and valued at its fair market value on the date of exercise; or

 

(c) payment by a combination of the above methods.

 

3. W HOLE S HARES . Your option may only be exercised for whole shares.


4. S ECURITIES L AW C OMPLIANCE . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, your option may not be exercised unless the shares issuable upon exercise of your option are then registered under the Securities Act or, if such are not then so registered, the Company has determined that such exercise and issuance would be exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The exercise of your option must also simply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the option and the option may not be exercised if the Company determines that the exercise would not be in material compliance with such laws and regulations.

 

5. T ERMS . Except as otherwise may be provided in the Change of Control Agreement, the term of your option commences on the Date of Grant and expires upon the earliest of the following:

 

(i) the Expiration Date indicated in the Grant Notice;

 

(ii) the tenth (10 th ) anniversary of the Date of Grant;

 

(iii) eighteen (18) months after your death if you die either during your Continuous Service or within three (3) months after your Continuous Service terminates for any reason;

 

(iv) twelve (12) months after the termination of your Continuous Service due to Disability; or

 

(v) three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service for any other reason, provided that if during any part of such three (3)-month period the option is not exercisable solely because of the condition set forth in Section 4, the option shall not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date or until it shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service.

 

To obtain the federal income tax advantages associated with an “incentive stock option,” the Code requires that at all time beginning on the grant date of the option and ending on the day three (3) months before the date of the option’s exercise, you must be an employee of the Company, except in the event of your death or Disability. The Company had provided for extended exercisability of your option under certain circumstances for your benefit, but cannot guarantee that your option will be treated as an “incentive stock option” if you exercise your option more than three (3) months after the date your employment with the Company terminates.

 

6. E XERCISE .

 

(a) You may exercise the vested portion of your option during its term by delivering a Notice of Exercise (in the form designated by the Company) together with the exercise price to the Secretary of the Company, or to such other person as the Company may designate, during regular hours, together with such additional documents as the Company may then require.

 

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(b) By exercising your option you agree to the following:

 

(i) as a condition to any exercise of your option, the Company may require you to enter into one or more arrangements providing for the payment by you to the Company of any tax withholding obligation of the Company arising by reason of (1) the exercise of your option; (2) the lapse of any substantial risk of forfeiture to which the shares are subject at the time of exercise; or (3) the disposition of shares acquired upon such exercise; and

 

(ii) if your option is an incentive stock option, you will notify the Company in writing within fifteen (15) days after the date of any disposition of any of the shares of Common Stock issued upon exercise of your option that occurs within two (2) years after the date of your option grant or within one (1) year after such shares of Common Stock are transferred upon exercise of your option.

 

7. T RANSFERABILITY . Your option is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. Notwithstanding the foregoing, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, you may designate a third party who, in the event of your death, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise your option.

 

8. O PTION N OT A S ERVICE C ONTRACT . Your option is not an employment or service contract, and nothing in your option shall be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on your part to continue in the employ of the Company or an affiliate, or of the Company or an Affiliate to continue your employment. In addition, nothing in your option shall obligate the Company or an Affiliate, there respective stockholders, Board of Directors, Officers or Employees to continue any relationship which you might have as a Director or Consultant for the Company or an Affiliate.

 

9. N OTICES . Any notices provided for in your option or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, address to you at the least address you provided to the Company.

 

10. G OVERNING P LAN D OCUMENTS . Your option is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of which are hereby made a part of your option, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control.

 

[S IGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS ]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Stock Option Agreement is deemed made as of the Date of Grant set forth in the Grant Notice.

 

TIVO, INC.

By:

 

 


Title:

 

 


OPTIONEE

 


[Name of Optionee]

 

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Exhibit 10.5

 

T I V O I NC .

 

1999 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN

 

STOCK APPRECIATION RIGHT AGREEMENT

 

Pursuant to this Stock Appreciation Right Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”) has granted you the right to the appreciation on the number of shares of Common Stock indicated in Section 1 below at the exercise price indicated in Section 3 below. Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Agreement but defined in the Company’s 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”) shall have the same definitions as in the Plan.

 

The details of your Stock Appreciation Rights are as follows:

 

1. G RANT OF S TOCK A PPRECIATION R IGHT . Effective as of                      , 20      (the “ Date of Grant ”), the Company hereby irrevocably grants to you the right to the appreciation on              shares of Common Stock (the “ Stock Appreciation Right ”), as determined under Section 2, upon the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement.

 

2. S ETTLEMENT OF S TOCK A PPRECIATION R IGHTS . Upon exercise of all or a specified portion of your Stock Appreciation Right, you (or such other person entitled to exercise the Stock Appreciation Right pursuant to this Agreement and the Plan) shall be entitled to receive from the Company shares of Common Stock with an aggregate Fair Market Value on the date of exercise of the Stock Appreciation Right equal to the amount determined by multiplying (i) the amount (if any) by which the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of exercise of the Stock Appreciation Right exceeds the exercise price per share of the Stock Appreciation Right, by (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock with respect to which the Stock Appreciation Right shall have been exercised.

 

3. E XERCISE P RICE . The exercise price of the shares of Common Stock covered by your Stock Appreciation Right shall be $              per share, without commission or other charge.

 

4. V ESTING . Subject to the limitations contained herein, your Stock Appreciation Right will vest                                                                           , provided that vesting will cease upon the termination of your Continuous Service. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 4 or in the Grant Notice, your Stock Appreciation Right may vest on an accelerated basis pursuant to Section 11(d) of the Plan and, if applicable, the Change of Control Terms and Conditions between the Company and Employee dated as of                      , 20      (the “ Change of Control Agreement ”).

 

5. W HOLE S HARES . Your Stock Appreciation Right may only be exercised with respect to whole shares of Common Stock.


6. S ECURITIES L AW C OMPLIANCE . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, your Stock Appreciation Right may not be exercised unless the shares issuable upon exercise of your Stock Appreciation Right are then registered under the Securities Act or, if such are not then so registered, the Company has determined that such exercise and issuance would be exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The exercise of your Stock Appreciation Right must also simply with other applicable laws and regulations governing the Stock Appreciation Right and the Stock Appreciation Right may not be exercised if the Company determines that the exercise would not be in material compliance with such laws and regulations.

 

7. T ERMS . Except as otherwise may be provided in the Change of Control Agreement, the term of your Stock Appreciation Right commences on the Date of Grant and expires upon the earliest of the following:

 

(i) the Expiration Date indicated in the Grant Notice;

 

(ii) the tenth (10 th ) anniversary of the Date of Grant;

 

(iii) eighteen (18) months after your death if you die either during your Continuous Service or within three (3) months after your Continuous Service terminates for any reason;

 

(iv) twelve (12) months after the termination of your Continuous Service due to Disability; or

 

(v) three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service for any other reason, provided that if during any part of such three (3)-month period the Stock Appreciation Right is not exercisable solely because of the condition set forth in Section 3, the Stock Appreciation Right shall not expire until the earlier of the Expiration Date or until it shall have been exercisable for an aggregate period of three (3) months after the termination of your Continuous Service.

 

8. E XERCISE .

 

(a) You may exercise the vested portion of your Stock Appreciation Right during its term by delivering a Notice of Exercise (in the form designated by the Company) to the Secretary of the Company, or to such other person as the Company may designate, during regular hours, together with such additional documents as the Company may then require.

 

(b) By exercising your Stock Appreciation Right you agree that, as a condition to any exercise of your Stock Appreciation Right, the Company may require you to enter into one or more arrangements providing for the payment by you to the Company of any tax withholding obligation of the Company arising by reason of (1) the exercise of your Stock Appreciation Right; (2) the lapse of any substantial risk of forfeiture to which the shares are subject at the time of exercise; or (3) the disposition of shares acquired upon such exercise.

 

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9. T RANSFERABILITY . Your Stock Appreciation Right is not transferable, except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution, and is exercisable during your life only by you. Notwithstanding the foregoing, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, you may designate a third party who, in the event of your death, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise your Stock Appreciation Right.

 

10. S TOCK A PPRECIATION R IGHT N OT A S ERVICE C ONTRACT . Your Stock Appreciation Right is not an employment or service contract, and nothing in your Stock Appreciation Right shall be deemed to create in any way whatsoever any obligation on your part to continue in the employ of the Company or an affiliate, or of the Company or an Affiliate to continue your employment. In addition, nothing in your Stock Appreciation Right shall obligate the Company or an Affiliate, there respective stockholders, Board of Directors, Officers or Employees to continue any relationship which you might have as a Director or Consultant for the Company or an Affiliate.

 

11. N OTICES . Any notices provided for in your Stock Appreciation Right or the Plan shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices delivered by the Company to you, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid, address to you at the least address you provided to the Company.

 

12. G OVERNING P LAN D OCUMENTS . Your Stock Appreciation Right is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, the provisions of which are hereby made a part of your Stock Appreciation Right, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted and those of the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control.

 

[S IGNATURE PAGE FOLLOWS ]

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, this Stock Appreciation Right Agreement is deemed made as of the Date of Grant set forth above.

 

TIVO, INC.

By:                                                                                                   

Title:                                                                                               

RECIPIENT

 

                                                                                                         

[Name of Optionee]

 

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Exhibit 10.6

 

TIVO INC.

 

RESTRICTED STOCK BONUS AGREEMENT

 

This Restricted Stock Bonus Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) is made as of                      , 20      , by and between TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “ Company ”), and                              (“ Employee ”). Capitalized terms not defined herein shall have the meanings assigned to such terms in the Company’s 1999 Equity Incentive Plan (the “ Plan ”).

 

1. Issuance of Stock .

 

(a) Pursuant to the Plan and subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, on the Issuance Date (as defined below), the Company will issue to Employee              shares of the Company’s Common Stock (the “ Shares ”) for good and valuable consideration which the Company has determined to exceed the par value of the Company’s Common Stock. The term “Shares” refers to the issued Shares and all securities received in replacement of or in connection with the Shares pursuant to stock dividends or splits, all securities received in replacement of the Shares in a recapitalization, merger, reorganization, exchange or the like, and all new, substituted or additional securities or other properties to which Employee is entitled by reason of Employee’s ownership of the Shares.

 

(b) The parties agree that the Shares have a Fair Market Value of $              per share as of the date of this Agreement.

 

(c) The issuance of the Shares under this Agreement shall occur at the principal office of the Company simultaneously with the execution of this Agreement by the parties (the “ Issuance Date ”). On the Issuance Date, the Company will deliver to Employee a certificate representing the Shares to be issued to Employee (which shall be issued in Employee’s name).

 

2. Limitations on Transfer .

 

(a) Subject to the provisions of Section 2(b) below, if Employee’s Continuous Service terminates for any reason, including as a result of Employee’s death or Disability, all of the Unreleased Shares (as defined below) shall thereupon be forfeited immediately and without any further action by the Company (the “ Forfeiture Restriction ”). Upon the occurrence of such a forfeiture, the Company shall become the legal and beneficial owner of the Shares being forfeited and all rights and interests therein or relating thereto, and the Company shall have the right to retain and transfer to its own name the number of Shares being forfeited by Employee.

 

(b) Subject to the Employee’s Continuous Service through each such date, 1/4 th of the Shares shall be released from the Forfeiture Restriction on each of the first four anniversaries of the Issuance Date. In the event of a transaction described to Section 11(c) of the Plan, the Forfeiture Restriction shall automatically lapse if and to the same extent that the vesting of outstanding options accelerates in connection with such transaction as provided therein. If unvested options are to be assumed or substituted for by any surviving or acquiring corporation without acceleration upon the


occurrence of a transaction described in Section 11(c) of the Plan, the Forfeiture Restrictions shall continue with respect to the Shares (or any shares of such surviving or acquiring corporation that may be issued in exchange for such Shares). Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Section 2(b), the Shares may be released from the Forfeiture Restriction on an accelerated basis pursuant to Section 11(d) of the Plan, and, if applicable, the Change of Control Terms and Conditions between the Company and Employee dated as of                      , 20      (the “ Change of Control Agreement ”).

 

(c) Any of the Shares which, from time to time, have not yet been released from the Forfeiture Restriction are referred to herein as “ Unreleased Shares .”

 

(d) No Unreleased Shares or any interest or right therein or part thereof shall be liable for the debts, contracts or engagements of Employee or his successors in interest or shall be subject to disposition by transfer, alienation, anticipation, pledge, encumbrance, assignment or any other means whether such disposition be voluntary or involuntary or by operation of law by judgment, levy, attachment, garnishment or any other legal or equitable proceedings (including bankruptcy), and any attempted disposition thereof shall be null and void and of no effect. Any permitted transfer or sale of the Shares is subject to restrictions on transfer imposed by any applicable state and federal securities laws.

 

3. Escrow .

 

(a) Employee hereby authorizes and directs the secretary of the Company, or such other person designated by the Company from time to time, to transfer any Unreleased Shares which are forfeited pursuant to Section 2 above from Employee to the Company.

 

(b) To insure the availability for delivery of Employee’s Unreleased Shares upon forfeiture under Section 2, Employee hereby appoints the secretary, or any other person designated by the Company as escrow agent from time to time, as its attorney-in-fact to sell, assign and transfer unto the Company, such Unreleased Shares, if any, forfeited by Employee pursuant to Section 2 and shall, upon execution of this Agreement, deliver and deposit with the secretary of the Company, or such other person designated by the Company, the share certificate(s) representing the Unreleased Shares, together with the stock assignment duly endorsed in blank, attached hereto as Exhibit A . The Unreleased Shares and stock assignment shall be held by the secretary in escrow, pursuant to the Joint Escrow Instructions of the Company and Employee attached as Exhibit B hereto, until the Shares are forfeited as provided in Section 2, until such Unreleased Shares are fully released from the Forfeiture Restriction, or until such time as this Agreement no longer is in effect. Upon release of the Unreleased Shares from the Forfeiture Restriction, the escrow agent shall promptly deliver to Employee the certificate or certificates representing such Shares in the escrow agent’s possession belonging to Employee, and the escrow agent shall be discharged of all further obligations hereunder; provided, however, that the escrow agent shall nevertheless retain such certificate or certificates as escrow agent if so required pursuant to other restrictions imposed pursuant to this Agreement.

 

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(c) The Company, or its designee, shall not be liable for any act it may do or omit to do with respect to holding the Shares in escrow and while acting in good faith and in the exercise of its judgment.

 

4. Taxation Representations . In connection with the purchase of the Shares, Employee represents to the Company the following:

 

(a) Employee acknowledges that he has been informed that unless an election is filed by Employee with the Internal Revenue Service and, if necessary, the proper state taxing authorities, within thirty (30) days of the date of this Agreement, electing pursuant to Section 83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (and similar state tax provisions if applicable), to be taxed currently on the fair market value of the Shares on the date of this Agreement, there will be a recognition of taxable income to Employee equal to the fair market value of the Shares at the time the Forfeiture Restriction lapses. Employee represents that Employee has consulted any tax consultant(s) Employee deems advisable in connection with the receipt or disposition of the Shares or the filing of the election under Section 83(b) and similar tax provisions and that Employee is not relying on the Company for any tax advice.

 

EMPLOYEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT IT IS EMPLOYEE’S SOLE RESPONSIBILITY AND NOT THE COMPANY’S TO FILE TIMELY THE ELECTION UNDER SECTION 83(b), EVEN IF EMPLOYEE REQUESTS THE COMPANY OR ITS REPRESENTATIVE TO MAKE THIS FILING ON EMPLOYEE’S BEHALF.

 

(b) Employee has reviewed with his own tax advisors the federal, state, local and foreign tax consequences of this investment and the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Employee is relying solely on such advisors and not on any statements or representations of the Company or any of its agents. Employee understands that Employee (and not the Company) shall be responsible for his own tax liability that may arise as a result of this investment or the transactions contemplated by this Agreement. Employee has reviewed this Agreement in its entirety, has had an opportunity to obtain the advice of counsel prior to executing this Agreement and fully understands all provisions of this Agreement.

 

(c) Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the Company shall be entitled to require payment (which payment may be made in cash, by deduction from other compensation payable to Employee or in any form of consideration permitted by Section 10(f) of the Plan) of any sums required by federal, state or local tax law to be withheld with respect to the issuance, lapsing of restrictions on or exercise of the Shares. The Company shall not be obligated to deliver any new certificate representing vested Shares to Employee or his legal representative unless and until Employee or his legal representative shall have paid or otherwise satisfied in full the amount of all federal, state and local taxes applicable to the taxable income of Employee resulting from the grant of the Shares or the lapse or removal of the Forfeiture Restriction.

 

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5. Restrictive Legends and Stop-Transfer Orders .

 

(a) Legends . The certificate or certificates representing the Shares shall bear the following legend (as well as any legends required by applicable state and federal corporate and securities laws):

 

THE SHARES REPRESENTED BY THIS CERTIFICATE MAY BE TRANSFERRED ONLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE TERMS OF AN AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE COMPANY AND THE SHAREHOLDER, A COPY OF WHICH IS ON FILE WITH THE SECRETARY OF THE COMPANY.

 

(b) Stop-Transfer Notices . Employee agrees that, in order to ensure compliance with the restrictions referred to herein, the Company may issue appropriate “stop transfer” instructions to its transfer agent, if any, and that, if the Company transfers its own securities, it may make appropriate notations to the same effect in its own records.

 

(c) Refusal to Transfer . The Company shall not be required (i) to transfer on its books any Shares that have been sold or otherwise transferred in violation of any of the provisions of this Agreement or (ii) to treat as owner of such Shares or to accord the right to vote or pay dividends to any purchaser or other transferee to whom such Shares shall have been so transferred.

 

(d) Removal of Legend . After such time as the Forfeiture Restriction shall have lapsed with respect to the Shares, and upon Employee’s request, a new certificate or certificates representing such Shares shall be issued without the legend referred to in Section 5(a)(i), and delivered to Employee.

 

6. No Employment Rights . Nothing in this Agreement shall affect in any manner whatsoever the right or power of the Company, or a parent or subsidiary of the Company, to terminate Employee’s employment or consulting relationship, for any reason, with or without cause.

 

7. Miscellaneous .

 

(a) Governing Law . This Agreement and all acts and transactions pursuant hereto and the rights and obligations of the parties hereto shall be governed, construed and interpreted in accordance with the laws of the State of California, without giving effect to principles of conflicts of law.

 

(b) Entire Agreement; Enforcement of Rights . The Plan is incorporated herein by reference. This Agreement, the Plan, and the Change of Control Agreement set forth the entire agreement and understanding of the parties relating to the subject matter herein and merge all prior discussions between them. No modification of or amendment to this Agreement, nor any waiver of any rights under this Agreement, shall be effective unless in writing signed by the parties to this Agreement. The failure by either party to enforce any rights under this Agreement shall not be construed as a waiver of any rights of such party. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary

 

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anywhere else in this Agreement, the grant of the Shares is subject to the terms, definitions and provisions of the Plan, which is incorporated herein by reference. Any of your rights hereunder shall be in addition to any rights you may otherwise have under benefit plans or agreements of the Company to which you are a party or in which you are a participant, including, but not limited to, any Company sponsored employee benefit plans, stock option plans, severance plans or severance agreements. The provisions of this Agreement shall not in any way limit your rights under such other plans and agreements.

 

(c) Severability . If one or more provisions of this Agreement are held to be unenforceable under applicable law, the parties agree to renegotiate such provision in good faith. In the event that the parties cannot reach a mutually agreeable and enforceable replacement for such provision, then (i) such provision shall be excluded from this Agreement, (ii) the balance of the Agreement shall be interpreted as if such provision were so excluded and (iii) the balance of the Agreement shall be enforceable in accordance with its terms.

 

(d) Construction . This Agreement is the result of negotiations between and has been reviewed by each of the parties hereto and their respective counsel, if any; accordingly, this Agreement shall be deemed to be the product of all of the parties hereto, and no ambiguity shall be construed in favor of or against any one of the parties hereto.

 

(e) Notices . Any notice required or permitted by this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed sufficient when delivered personally or sent by telegram or fax or 48 hours after being deposited in the U.S. mail, as certified or registered mail, with postage prepaid, and addressed to the party to be notified at such party’s address or fax number as set forth below or as subsequently modified by written notice.

 

(f) Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original and all of which together shall constitute one instrument.

 

(g) Successors and Assigns . The rights and benefits of this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of, and be enforceable by the Company’s successors and assigns. The Company may assign its rights under this Agreement to any successor (whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation or otherwise) to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company without the prior written consent of Employee. The rights and obligations of Employee under this Agreement may only be assigned with the prior written consent of the Company.

 

[Signature Page Follows]

 

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The parties have executed this Agreement as of the date first set forth above.

 

TIVO INC.
By:  

 


Title:  

 


Address:

2160 Gold Street

Alviso, CA 95002-2160

 

EMPLOYEE ACKNOWLEDGES AND AGREES THAT NOTHING IN THIS AGREEMENT SHALL CONFER UPON EMPLOYEE ANY RIGHT WITH RESPECT TO CONTINUATION OF SUCH EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP WITH THE COMPANY, NOR SHALL IT INTERFERE IN ANY WAY WITH EMPLOYEE’S RIGHT OR THE COMPANY’S RIGHT TO TERMINATE EMPLOYEE’S EMPLOYMENT RELATIONSHIP AT ANY TIME, WITH OR WITHOUT CAUSE.

 

EMPLOYEE:
[NAME]

 


(Signature)

Address:

 

I,                                  , spouse of [Employee’s Name], have read and hereby approve the foregoing Agreement. In consideration of the Company’s issuing the Shares to my spouse as set forth in the Agreement, I hereby agree to be irrevocably bound by the Agreement and further agree that any community property or similar interest that I may have in the Shares shall be similarly bound by the Agreement. I hereby appoint my spouse as my attorney-in-fact with respect to any amendment or exercise of any rights under the Agreement.

 

 


(Signature)

 

 

6


EXHIBIT A

 

ASSIGNMENT SEPARATE FROM CERTIFICATE

 

FOR VALUE RECEIVED I,                                                                       , hereby sell, assign and transfer unto                                                                                                                                                     (                  ) shares of the Common Stock of TiVo Inc. registered in my name on the books of said corporation represented by Certificate No.              herewith and do hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint                      to transfer the said stock on the books of the within named corporation with full power of substitution in the premises.

 

This Assignment Separate from Certificate may be used only in accordance with the Restricted Stock Bonus Agreement between TiVo Inc. and the undersigned dated                      , 20      .

 

Dated:                      ,             

 

Signature:  

 


 

 

INSTRUCTIONS: Please do not fill in any blanks other than the signature line. The purpose of this assignment is to enable the Company to enforce the Forfeiture Restriction, as set forth in the Restricted Stock Bonus Agreement, without requiring additional signatures on the part of Employee.


EXHIBIT B

 

JOINT ESCROW INSTRUCTIONS

 

                     , 20     

 

TiVo Inc.

Attn: Secretary

 

As Escrow Agent for both TiVo Inc. (the “ Company ”) and the undersigned recipient of stock of the Company (the “ Employee ”), you are hereby authorized and directed to hold the documents delivered to you pursuant to the terms of that certain Restricted Stock Bonus Agreement (“ Agreement ”) between the Company and Employee, in accordance with the following instructions:

 

1. In the event of forfeiture of any of the shares owned by Employee pursuant to the Forfeiture Restriction set forth in the Agreement, the Company and/or any assignee of the Company (referred to collectively for convenience herein as the “ Company ”) shall give to Employee and you a written notice specifying the number of shares of stock forfeited and the date of forfeiture. Employee and the Company hereby irrevocably authorize and direct you to effect the forfeiture contemplated by such notice in accordance with the terms of said notice.

 

2. As of the date of forfeiture indicated in such notice, you are directed (a) to date the stock assignments necessary for the forfeiture and transfer in question, (b) to fill in the number of shares being forfeited and transferred, and (c) to deliver the same, together with the certificate evidencing the shares of stock to be forfeited and transferred, to the Company or its assignee.

 

3. Employee irrevocably authorizes the Company to deposit with you any certificates evidencing shares of stock to be held by you hereunder and any additions and substitutions to said shares. Employee does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint you as Employee‘s attorney-in-fact and agent for the term of this escrow to execute, with respect to such securities, all documents necessary or appropriate to make such securities negotiable and to complete any transaction herein contemplated, including but not limited to the filing with any applicable state blue sky authority of any required applications for consent to, or notice of transfer of, the securities. Subject to the provisions of this paragraph 3, Employee shall exercise all rights and privileges of a stockholder of the Company while the stock is held by you.

 

4. Upon written request of Employee, but no more than once per calendar year, unless the Forfeiture Restriction has been triggered, you will deliver to Employee a certificate or certificates representing the number of shares of stock as are not then subject to the Forfeiture Restriction. Within one hundred twenty (120) days after all shares of stock subject to the Agreement are fully released from the Forfeiture Restriction, or such time as the Agreement no longer is in effect, you will deliver to Employee a certificate or certificates representing the aggregate number of shares held or issued pursuant to the Agreement and not forfeited pursuant to the Forfeiture Restriction set forth in Section 2 of the Agreement.


5. If at the time of termination of this escrow you should have in your possession any documents, securities, or other property belonging to Employee, you shall deliver all of the same to Employee and shall be discharged of all further obligations hereunder.

 

6. Your duties hereunder may be altered, amended, modified or revoked only by a writing signed by all of the parties hereto.

 

7. You shall be obligated only for the performance of such duties as are specifically set forth herein and may rely and shall be protected in relying or refraining from acting on any instrument reasonably believed by you to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties. You shall not be personally liable for any act you may do or omit to do hereunder as Escrow Agent or as attorney-in-fact for Employee while acting in good faith, and any act done or omitted by you pursuant to the advice of your own attorneys shall be conclusive evidence of such good faith.

 

8. You are hereby expressly authorized to disregard any and all warnings given by any of the parties hereto or by any other person or corporation, excepting only orders or process of courts of law and are hereby expressly authorized to comply with and obey orders, judgments or decrees of any court. In case you obey or comply with any such order, judgment or decree, you shall not be liable to any of the parties hereto or to any other person, firm or corporation by reason of such compliance, notwithstanding any such order, judgment or decree being subsequently reversed, modified, annulled, set aside, vacated or found to have been entered without jurisdiction.

 

9. You shall not be liable in any respect on account of the identity, authorities or rights of the parties executing or delivering or purporting to execute or deliver the Agreement or any documents or papers deposited or called for hereunder.

 

10. You shall not be liable for the expiration of any rights under any applicable state, federal or local statute of limitations or similar statute or regulation with respect to these Joint Escrow Instructions or any documents deposited with you.

 

11. You shall be entitled to employ such legal counsel and other experts as you may deem necessary properly to advise you in connection with your obligations hereunder, may rely upon the advice of such counsel, and the Company shall reimburse you for any reasonable attorneys’ fees incurred in connection therewith.

 

12. Your responsibilities as Escrow Agent hereunder shall terminate if you shall cease to be an officer or agent of the Company or if you shall resign by written notice to each party. In the event of any such termination, the Company shall appoint a successor Escrow Agent.

 

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13. If you reasonably require other or further instruments in connection with these Joint Escrow Instructions or obligations in respect hereto, the necessary parties hereto shall join in furnishing such instruments.

 

14. It is understood and agreed that should any dispute arise with respect to the delivery and/or ownership or right of possession of the securities held by you hereunder, you are authorized and directed to retain in your possession without liability to anyone all or any part of said securities until such disputes shall have been settled either by mutual written agreement of the parties concerned or by a final order, decree or judgment of a court of competent jurisdiction after the time for appeal has expired and no appeal has been perfected, but you shall be under no duty whatsoever to institute or defend any such proceedings.

 

15. Any notice required or permitted hereunder shall be given in writing and shall be deemed effectively given upon personal delivery or upon deposit in the United States Post Office, by registered or certified mail with postage and fees prepaid, addressed to each of the other parties thereunto entitled at the addresses set forth on the signature page attached hereto or at such other addresses as a party may designate by ten (10) days’ advance written notice to each of the other parties hereto.

 

16. By signing these Joint Escrow Instructions, you become a party hereto only for the purpose of said Joint Escrow Instructions; you do not become a party to the Agreement.

 

17. This instrument shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto, and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

 

18. These Joint Escrow Instructions shall be governed by, and construed and enforced in accordance with, the laws of the State of California, excluding that body of law pertaining to conflicts of law.

 

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The parties have executed these Joint Escrow Instructions as of the date first set forth above.

 

TIVO INC.
By:  

 


Name:  

 


Title:  

 


Address:

2160 Gold Street

Alviso, CA 95002-2160

EMPLOYEE:

 


[Name of Employee]

Address:

 

 

 

 

ESCROW AGENT:

 


Secretary, TiVo, Inc.

Address:
2160 Gold Street
Alviso, CA 95002-2160

 

4

Exhibit 10.7

 

T I V O I NC .

 

1999 E QUITY I NCENTIVE P LAN

 

Adopted March 16, 1999

Approved By Stockholders April 9, 1999

Amended and Restated on July 14, 1999

Approved By Stockholders July 14, 1999

Amended and Restated on December 8, 2004 (Stockholder Approval Not Required)

Amended and Restated on June 23, 2005 (Stockholder Approval Not Required)

 

1. P URPOSES .

 

(a) Amendment and Restatement. The Plan initially was established effective as of March 16, 1999 (the “Initial Plan”). The Initial Plan hereby is amended and restated in its entirety effective as of the date of its adoption. The terms of the Initial Plan (other than the aggregate number of shares issuable thereunder) shall remain in effect and apply to all Stock Awards granted pursuant to the Initial Plan.

 

(b) Eligible Stock Award Recipients. The persons eligible to receive Stock Awards are the Employees, Directors and Consultants of the Company and its Affiliates.

 

(c) Available Stock Awards. The purpose of the Plan is to provide a means by which eligible recipients of Stock Awards may be given an opportunity to benefit from increases in value of the Common Stock through the granting of the following Stock Awards: (i) Incentive Stock Options, (ii) Nonstatutory Stock Options, (iii) stock bonuses, (iv) rights to acquire restricted stock and (v) Stock Appreciation Rights.

 

(d) General Purpose. The Company, by means of the Plan, seeks to retain the services of the group of persons eligible to receive Stock Awards, to secure and retain the services of new members of this group and to provide incentives for such persons to exert maximum efforts for the success of the Company and its Affiliates.

 

2. D EFINITIONS .

 

(a) “Affiliate” means any parent corporation or subsidiary corporation of the Company, whether now or hereafter existing, as those terms are defined in Sections 424(e) and (f), respectively, of the Code.

 

(b) “Board” means the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(c) “Code” means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

 

(d) “Committee” means a committee of one or more members of the Board appointed by the Board in accordance with subsection 3(c).

 

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(e) “Common Stock” means the common stock of the Company.

 

(f) “Company” means TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation.

 

(g) “Consultant” means any person, including an advisor, (i) engaged by the Company or an Affiliate to render consulting or advisory services and who is compensated for such services or (ii) who is a member of the Board of Directors of an Affiliate. However, the term “Consultant” shall not include either Directors who are not compensated by the Company for their services as Directors or Directors who are merely paid a director’s fee by the Company for their services as Directors.

 

(h) “Continuous Service” means that the Participant’s service with the Company or an Affiliate, whether as an Employee, Director or Consultant, is not interrupted or terminated. The Participant’s Continuous Service shall not be deemed to have terminated merely because of a change in the capacity in which the Participant renders service to the Company or an Affiliate as an Employee, Consultant or Director or a change in the entity for which the Participant renders such service, provided that there is no interruption or termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service. For example, a change in status from an Employee of the Company to a Consultant of an Affiliate or a Director will not constitute an interruption of Continuous Service. The Board or the chief executive officer of the Company, in that party’s sole discretion, may determine whether Continuous Service shall be considered interrupted in the case of any leave of absence approved by that party, including sick leave, military leave or any other personal leave.

 

(i) “Covered Employee” means the chief executive officer and the four (4) other highest compensated officers of the Company for whom total compensation is required to be reported to stockholders under the Exchange Act, as determined for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

(j) “Director” means a member of the Board of Directors of the Company.

 

(k) “Disability” means the permanent and total disability of a person within the meaning of Section 22(e)(3) of the Code.

 

(l) “Employee” means any person employed by the Company or an Affiliate. Mere service as a Director or payment of a director’s fee by the Company or an Affiliate shall not be sufficient to constitute “employment” by the Company or an Affiliate.

 

(m) “Exchange Act” means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

 

(n) “Fair Market Value” means, as of any date, the value of the Common Stock determined as follows:

 

(i) If the Common Stock is listed on any established stock exchange or traded on the Nasdaq National Market or the Nasdaq SmallCap Market, the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock shall be the closing sales price for such stock (or the closing bid, if no sales were reported) as quoted on such exchange or market (or the exchange or market with the

 

2


greatest volume of trading in the Common Stock) on the day of determination (or the next day on which sales were reported if none were reported on such date), as reported in The Wall Street Journal or such other source as the Board deems reliable.

 

(ii) In the absence of such markets for the Common Stock, the Fair Market Value shall be determined in good faith by the Board.

 

(o) “Incentive Stock Option” means an Option intended to qualify as an incentive stock option within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(p) “Listing Date” means the first date upon which any security of the Company is listed (or approved for listing) upon notice of issuance on any securities exchange or designated (or approved for designation) upon notice of issuance as a national market security on an interdealer quotation system if such securities exchange or interdealer quotation system has been certified in accordance with the provisions of Section 25100(o) of the California Corporate Securities Law of 1968.

 

(q) “Non-Employee Director” means a Director who either (i) is not a current Employee or Officer of the Company or its parent or a subsidiary, does not receive compensation (directly or indirectly) from the Company or its parent or a subsidiary for services rendered as a consultant or in any capacity other than as a Director (except for an amount as to which disclosure would not be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K promulgated pursuant to the Securities Act (“Regulation S-K”)), does not possess an interest in any other transaction as to which disclosure would be required under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K and is not engaged in a business relationship as to which disclosure would be required under Item 404(b) of Regulation S-K; or (ii) is otherwise considered a “non-employee director” for purposes of Rule 16b-3.

 

(r) “Nonstatutory Stock Option” means an Option not intended to qualify as an Incentive Stock Option.

 

(s) “Officer” means a person who is an officer of the Company within the meaning of Section 16 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(t) “Option” means an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option granted pursuant to the Plan.

 

(u) “Option Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and an Optionholder evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Option grant. Each Option Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

 

(v) “Optionholder” means a person to whom an Option is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Option.

 

(w) “Outside Director” means a Director who either (i) is not a current employee of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” (within the meaning of Treasury Regulations

 

3


promulgated under Section 162(m) of the Code), is not a former employee of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” receiving compensation for prior services (other than benefits under a tax qualified pension plan), was not an officer of the Company or an “affiliated corporation” at any time and is not currently receiving direct or indirect remuneration from the Company or an “affiliated corporation” for services in any capacity other than as a Director or (ii) is otherwise considered an “outside director” for purposes of Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

(x) “Participant” means a person to whom a Stock Award is granted pursuant to the Plan or, if applicable, such other person who holds an outstanding Stock Award.

 

(y) “Plan” means this TiVo Inc. 1999 Equity Incentive Plan.

 

(z) “Rule 16b-3” means Rule 16b-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act or any successor to Rule 16b-3, as in effect from time to time.

 

(aa) “Securities Act” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

 

(bb) “Stock Appreciation Right” means a right granted pursuant to subsection 7(c) to receive a payment equal to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a specified number of shares of Common Stock on the date the Stock Appreciation Right is exercised over the Fair Market Value of such number of shares of Common Stock on the date the Stock Appreciation Right was granted as set forth in the applicable Stock Award Agreement

 

(cc) “Stock Award” means any right granted under the Plan, including an Option, a stock bonus, a right to acquire restricted stock and a Stock Appreciation Right.

 

(dd) “Stock Award Agreement” means a written agreement between the Company and a holder of a Stock Award evidencing the terms and conditions of an individual Stock Award grant. Each Stock Award Agreement shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Plan.

 

(ee) “Ten Percent Stockholder” means a person who owns (or is deemed to own pursuant to Section 424(d) of the Code) stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or of any of its Affiliates.

 

3. A DMINISTRATION .

 

(a) Administration by Board. The Board shall administer the Plan unless and until the Board delegates administration to a Committee, as provided in subsection 3(c). Any interpretation of the Plan by the Board and any decision by the Board under the Plan shall be final and binding on all persons.

 

(b) Powers of Board. The Board shall have the power, subject to, and within the limitations of, the express provisions of the Plan:

 

(i) To determine from time to time which of the persons eligible under the Plan shall be granted Stock Awards; when and how each Stock Award shall be granted; what

 

4


type or combination of types of Stock Award shall be granted; the provisions of each Stock Award granted (which need not be identical), including the time or times when a person shall be permitted to receive Common Stock pursuant to a Stock Award; and the number of shares of Common Stock with respect to which a Stock Award shall be granted to each such person.

 

(ii) To construe and interpret the Plan and Stock Awards granted under it, and to establish, amend and revoke rules and regulations for its administration. The Board, in the exercise of this power, may correct any defect, omission or inconsistency in the Plan or in any Stock Award Agreement, in a manner and to the extent it shall deem necessary or expedient to make the Plan fully effective.

 

(iii) To amend the Plan or a Stock Award as provided in Section 12.

 

(iv) Generally, to exercise such powers and to perform such acts as the Board deems necessary or expedient to promote the best interests of the Company which are not in conflict with the provisions of the Plan.

 

(c) Delegation to Committee.

 

(i) General. The Board may delegate administration of the Plan to a Committee or Committees of one (1) or more members of the Board, and the term “Committee” shall apply to any person or persons to whom such authority has been delegated. If administration is delegated to a Committee, the Committee shall have, in connection with the administration of the Plan, the powers theretofore possessed by the Board, including the power to delegate to a subcommittee any of the administrative powers the Committee is authorized to exercise (and references in this Plan to the Board shall thereafter be to the Committee or subcommittee), subject, however, to such resolutions, not inconsistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be adopted from time to time by the Board. The Board may abolish the Committee at any time and revest in the Board the administration of the Plan.

 

(ii) Committee Composition when Common Stock is Publicly Traded. At such time as the Common Stock is publicly traded, in the discretion of the Board, a Committee may consist solely of two or more Outside Directors, in accordance with Section 162(m) of the Code, and/or solely of two or more Non-Employee Directors, in accordance with Rule 16b-3. Within the scope of such authority, the Board or the Committee may (1) delegate to a committee of one or more members of the Board who are not Outside Directors the authority to grant Stock Awards to eligible persons who are either (a) not then Covered Employees and are not expected to be Covered Employees at the time of recognition of income resulting from such Stock Award or (b) not persons with respect to whom the Company wishes to comply with Section 162(m) of the Code and/or) (2) delegate to a committee of one or more members of the Board who are not Non-Employee Directors the authority to grant Stock Awards to eligible persons who are not then subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act.

 

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4. S HARES S UBJECT TO THE P LAN .

 

(a) Share Reserve. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in Common Stock, the Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Stock Awards shall not exceed in the aggregate four million two hundred thousand (4,200,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(b) Additional Shares. The aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that may be issued pursuant to Options granted under the Plan as specified in subsection 4(a) shall automatically be increased as follows:

 

(i) For a period of ten (10) years, commencing on December 31, 1999 and ending on December 31, 2008, the aggregate number of shares of Common Stock specified in paragraph 4(a) hereof automatically shall be increased each December 31 (the “ Calculation Date” ) by the greater of (1) seven percent (7%) of the Diluted Shares Outstanding on the Calculation Date, or (2) four million (4,000,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(ii) For purposes of subsection 4(a)(i), “Diluted Shares Outstanding” means the number of outstanding shares of Common Stock on the Calculation Date, plus the number of shares of Common Stock issuable upon the Calculation Date assuming the conversion of all outstanding Preferred Stock and convertible notes, plus the additional number of dilutive Common Stock equivalent shares outstanding as the result of any options or warrants outstanding during the prior 12-month period, calculated using the treasury stock method.

 

(iii) The maximum aggregate number of shares of Common Stock that are available for issuance as Incentive Stock Options under the Plan shall not exceed forty million (40,000,000) shares of Common Stock.

 

(c) Reversion of Shares to the Share Reserve . If any Stock Award shall for any reason expire or otherwise terminate, in whole or in part, without having been exercised in full, the shares of Common Stock not acquired under such Stock Award shall revert to and again become available for issuance under the Plan.

 

(d) Source of Shares. The shares of Common Stock subject to the Plan may be unissued shares or reacquired shares, bought on the market or otherwise.

 

5. E LIGIBILITY .

 

(a) Eligibility for Specific Stock Awards . Incentive Stock Options may be granted only to Employees. Stock Awards other than Incentive Stock Options may be granted to Employees, Directors and Consultants.

 

(b) Ten Percent Stockholders. A Ten Percent Stockholder shall not be granted an Incentive Stock Option unless the exercise price of such Option is at least one hundred ten percent (110%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock at the date of grant and the Option is not exercisable after the expiration of five (5) years from the date of grant.

 

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(c) Section 162(m) Limitation. Subject to the provisions of Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in the shares of Common Stock, no Employee shall be eligible to be granted Options covering more than one million (1,000,000) shares of Common Stock during any calendar year. This subsection 5(c) shall not apply prior to the Listing Date and, following the Listing Date, this subsection 5(c) shall not apply until (i) the earliest of: (1) the first material modification of the Plan (including any increase in the number of shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Plan in accordance with Section 4); (2) the issuance of all of the shares of Common Stock reserved for issuance under the Plan; (3) the expiration of the Plan; or (4) the first meeting of stockholders at which Directors are to be elected that occurs after the close of the third calendar year following the calendar year in which occurred the first registration of an equity security under Section 12 of the Exchange Act; or (ii) such other date required by Section 162(m) of the Code and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

 

(d) Consultants.

 

(i) A Consultant shall not be eligible for the grant of a Stock Award if, at the time of grant, a Form S-8 Registration Statement under the Securities Act (“Form S-8”) is not available to register either the offer or the sale of the Company’s securities to such Consultant because of the nature of the services that the Consultant is providing to the Company, or because the Consultant is not a natural person, or as otherwise provided by the rules governing the use of Form S-8, unless the Company determines both (i) that such grant (A) shall be registered in another manner under the Securities Act ( e.g., on a Form S-3 Registration Statement) or (B) does not require registration under the Securities Act in order to comply with the requirements of the Securities Act, if applicable, and (ii) that such grant complies with the securities laws of all other relevant jurisdictions.

 

(ii) Rule 701 and Form S-8 generally are available to consultants and advisors only if (1) they are natural persons; (2) they provide bona fide services to the issuer, its parents, its majority-owned subsidiaries or (for Rule 701 purposes only) majority-owned subsidiaries of the issuer’s parent; and (3) the services are not in connection with the offer or sale of securities in a capital-raising transaction, and do not directly or indirectly promote or maintain a market for the issuer’s securities.

 

6. O PTION P ROVISIONS .

 

Each Option shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. All Options shall be separately designated Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options at the time of grant, and, if certificates are issued, a separate certificate or certificates will be issued for shares of Common Stock purchased on exercise of each type of Option. The provisions of separate Options need not be identical, but each Option shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the Option or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(a) Term. Subject to the provisions of subsection 5(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of ten (10) years from the date it was granted.

 

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(b) Exercise Price of an Incentive Stock Option. Subject to the provisions of subsection 5(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, the exercise price of each Incentive Stock Option shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Incentive Stock Option may be granted with an exercise price lower than that set forth in the preceding sentence if such Option is granted pursuant to an assumption or substitution for another option in a manner satisfying the provisions of Section 424(a) of the Code.

 

(c) Exercise Price of a Nonstatutory Stock Option. The exercise price of each Nonstatutory Stock Option shall be not less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Option on the date the Option is granted. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Nonstatutory Stock Option may be granted with an exercise price lower than that set forth in the preceding sentence if such Option is granted pursuant to an assumption or substitution for another option in a manner satisfying the provisions of Section 424(a) of the Code.

 

(d) Consideration. The purchase price of Common Stock acquired pursuant to an Option shall be paid, to the extent permitted by applicable statutes and regulations, either (i) in cash at the time the Option is exercised or (ii) at the discretion of the Board at the time of the grant of the Option (or subsequently in the case of a Nonstatutory Stock Option) (1) by delivery to the Company of other Common Stock which, in the case of Common Stock acquired from the Company, has been held such minimum period as necessary to avoid adverse accounting consequences for the Company or (2) in any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board; provided, however, that at any time that the Company is incorporated in Delaware, payment of the Common Stock’s “par value,” as defined in the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall not be made by deferred payment.

 

(e) Transferability of an Incentive Stock Option. An Incentive Stock Option shall not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and shall be exercisable during the lifetime of the Optionholder only by the Optionholder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Optionholder may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, designate a third party who, in the event of the death of the Optionholder, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option.

 

(f) Transferability of a Nonstatutory Stock Option. A Nonstatutory Stock Option shall be transferable to the extent provided in the Option Agreement. If the Nonstatutory Stock Option does not provide for transferability, then the Nonstatutory Stock Option shall not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and shall be exercisable during the lifetime of the Optionholder only by the Optionholder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Optionholder may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, designate a third party who, in the event of the death of the Optionholder, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise the Option.

 

(g) Vesting Generally. The total number of shares of Common Stock subject to an Option may, but need not, vest and therefore become exercisable in periodic installments that

 

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may, but need not, be equal. The Option may be subject to such other terms and conditions on the time or times when it may be exercised (which may be based on performance or other criteria) as the Board may deem appropriate. The vesting provisions of individual Options may vary. The provisions of this subsection 6(g) are subject to any Option provisions governing the minimum number of shares of Common Stock as to which an Option may be exercised.

 

(h) Termination of Continuous Service. In the event an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability), the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option (to the extent that the Optionholder was entitled to exercise such Option as of the date of termination) but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date three (3) months following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Option Agreement, which period shall not be less than thirty (30) days for Options granted prior to the Listing Date unless such termination is for cause), or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified in the Option Agreement, the Option shall terminate.

 

(i) Extension of Termination Date. An Optionholder’s Option Agreement may also provide that if the exercise of the Option following the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service (other than upon the Optionholder’s death or Disability) would be prohibited at any time solely because the issuance of shares of Common Stock would violate the registration requirements under the Securities Act, then the Option shall terminate on the earlier of (i) the expiration of the term of the Option set forth in subsection 6(a) or (ii) the expiration of a period of three (3) months after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service during which the exercise of the Option would not be in violation of such registration requirements.

 

(j) Disability of Optionholder. In the event that an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s Disability, the Optionholder may exercise his or her Option (to the extent that the Optionholder was entitled to exercise such Option as of the date of termination), but only within such period of time ending on the earlier of (i) the date twelve (12) months following such termination (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Option Agreement, which period shall not be less than six (6) months for Options granted prior to the Listing Date) or (ii) the expiration of the term of the Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after termination, the Optionholder does not exercise his or her Option within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

(k) Death of Optionholder. In the event (i) an Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates as a result of the Optionholder’s death or (ii) the Optionholder dies within the period (if any) specified in the Option Agreement after the termination of the Optionholder’s Continuous Service for a reason other than death, then the Option may be exercised (to the extent the Optionholder was entitled to exercise such Option as of the date of death) by the Optionholder’s estate, by a person who acquired the right to exercise the Option by bequest or inheritance or by a person designated to exercise the option upon the Optionholder’s death pursuant to subsection 6(e) or 6(f), but only within the period ending on the earlier of (1) the date

 

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eighteen (18) months following the date of death (or such longer or shorter period specified in the Option Agreement, which period shall not be less than six (6) months for Options granted prior to the Listing Date) or (2) the expiration of the term of such Option as set forth in the Option Agreement. If, after death, the Option is not exercised within the time specified herein, the Option shall terminate.

 

(l) Early Exercise. The Option may, but need not, include a provision whereby the Optionholder may elect at any time before the Optionholder’s Continuous Service terminates to exercise the Option as to any part or all of the shares of Common Stock subject to the Option prior to the full vesting of the Option. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), any unvested shares of Common Stock so purchased may be subject to a repurchase option in favor of the Company or to any other restriction the Board determines to be appropriate.

 

(m) Re-Load Options. Without in any way limiting the authority of the Board to make or not to make grants of Options hereunder, the Board shall have the authority (but not an obligation) to include as part of any Option Agreement a provision entitling the Optionholder to a further Option (a “Re-Load Option”) in the event the Optionholder exercises the Option evidenced by the Option Agreement, in whole or in part, by surrendering other shares of Common Stock in accordance with this Plan and the terms and conditions of the Option Agreement. Any such Re-Load Option shall (i) provide for a number of shares of Common Stock equal to the number of shares of Common Stock surrendered as part or all of the exercise price of such Option; (ii) have an expiration date which is the same as the expiration date of the Option the exercise of which gave rise to such Re-Load Option; and (iii) have an exercise price which is equal to one hundred percent (100%) of the Fair Market Value of the Common Stock subject to the Re-Load Option on the date of exercise of the original Option. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Re-Load Option shall be subject to the same exercise price and term provisions heretofore described for Options under the Plan.

 

Any such Re-Load Option may be an Incentive Stock Option or a Nonstatutory Stock Option, as the Board may designate at the time of the grant of the original Option; provided, however, that the designation of any Re-Load Option as an Incentive Stock Option shall be subject to the one hundred thousand dollar ($100,000) annual limitation on the exercisability of Incentive Stock Options described in subsection 10(d) and in Section 422(d) of the Code. There shall be no Re-Load Options on a Re-Load Option. Any such Re-Load Option shall be subject to the availability of sufficient shares of Common Stock under subsection 4(a) and the “Section 162(m) Limitation” on the grants of Options under subsection 5(c) and shall be subject to such other terms and conditions as the Board may determine which are not inconsistent with the express provisions of the Plan regarding the terms of Options.

 

7. P ROVISIONS OF S TOCK A WARDS OTHER THAN O PTIONS .

 

(a) Stock Bonus Awards. Each stock bonus agreement shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. The terms and conditions of stock bonus agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate stock bonus

 

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agreements need not be identical, but each stock bonus agreement shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(i) Consideration. A stock bonus may be awarded in consideration for past services actually rendered to the Company or an Affiliate for its benefit.

 

(ii) Vesting. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), shares of Common Stock awarded under the stock bonus agreement may, but need not, be subject to a share repurchase option in favor of the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board.

 

(iii) Termination of Participant’s Continuous Service. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), in the event a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates, the Company may reacquire any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant which have not vested as of the date of termination under the terms of the stock bonus agreement.

 

(iv) Transferability. For a stock bonus award, rights to acquire shares of Common Stock under the stock bonus agreement shall be transferable by the Participant only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the stock bonus agreement, as the Board shall determine in its discretion, so long as Common Stock awarded under the stock bonus agreement remains subject to the terms of the stock bonus agreement.

 

(b) Restricted Stock Awards. Each restricted stock purchase agreement shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. The terms and conditions of the restricted stock purchase agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate restricted stock purchase agreements need not be identical, but each restricted stock purchase agreement shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(i) Purchase Price. Subject to the provisions of subsection 5(b) regarding Ten Percent Stockholders, the purchase price under each restricted stock purchase agreement shall be such amount as the Board shall determine and designate in such restricted stock purchase agreement. For restricted stock awards made, the purchase price shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Common Stock’s Fair Market Value on the date such award is made or at the time the purchase is consummated.

 

(ii) Consideration. The purchase price of Common Stock acquired pursuant to the restricted stock purchase agreement shall be paid either: (i) in cash at the time of purchase; or (ii) in any other form of legal consideration that may be acceptable to the Board in its discretion; provided, however, that at any time that the Company is incorporated in Delaware, then payment of the Common Stock’s “par value,” as defined in the Delaware General Corporation Law, shall not be made by deferred payment.

 

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(iii) Vesting. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), shares of Common Stock acquired under the restricted stock purchase agreement may, but need not, be subject to a share repurchase option in favor of the Company in accordance with a vesting schedule to be determined by the Board.

 

(iv) Termination of Participant’s Continuous Service. Subject to the “Repurchase Limitation” in subsection 10(h), in the event a Participant’s Continuous Service terminates, the Company may repurchase or otherwise reacquire any or all of the shares of Common Stock held by the Participant which have not vested as of the date of termination under the terms of the restricted stock purchase agreement.

 

(v) Transferability. For a restricted stock award, rights to acquire shares of Common Stock under the restricted stock purchase agreement shall be transferable by the Participant only upon such terms and conditions as are set forth in the restricted stock purchase agreement, as the Board shall determine in its discretion, so long as Common Stock awarded under the restricted stock purchase agreement remains subject to the terms of the restricted stock purchase agreement.

 

(c) Stock Appreciation Rights. Each Stock Appreciation Right agreement shall be in such form and shall contain such terms and conditions as the Board shall deem appropriate. The terms and conditions of the Stock Appreciation Right agreements may change from time to time, and the terms and conditions of separate Stock Appreciation Right agreements need not be identical, but each Stock Appreciation Right agreement shall include (through incorporation of provisions hereof by reference in the agreement or otherwise) the substance of each of the following provisions:

 

(i) Number of Shares Subject to Stock Appreciation Right; Exercise. A Stock Appreciation Right shall cover such number of shares of Common Stock as the Board may determine. A Stock Appreciation Right shall entitle the Participant (or other person entitled to exercise the Stock Appreciation Right pursuant to the Plan) to exercise all or a specified portion of the Stock Appreciation Right (to the extent then exercisable pursuant to its terms) and to receive from the Company an amount determined by multiplying (i) the amount (if any) by which the Fair Market Value of a share of Common Stock on the date of exercise of the Stock Appreciation Right exceeds the exercise price per share of the Stock Appreciation Right, by (ii) the number of shares of Common Stock with respect to which the Stock Appreciation Right shall have been exercised, subject to any limitations the Board may impose.

 

(ii) Term. A Stock Appreciation Right shall have a term set by the Board.

 

(iii) Exercise Price. The exercise price of each Stock Appreciation Right shall not be less than one hundred percent (100%) of the Common Stock’s Fair Market Value on the date such Stock Appreciation Right is granted.

 

(iv) Transferability of a Stock Appreciation Right. A Stock Appreciation Right shall be transferable to the extent provided in the Stock Appreciation Right agreement. If the Stock Appreciation Right does not provide for transferability, then the Stock Appreciation

 

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Right shall not be transferable except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution and shall be exercisable during the lifetime of the Participant only by the Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Participant may, by delivering written notice to the Company, in a form satisfactory to the Company, designate a third party who, in the event of the death of the Participant, shall thereafter be entitled to exercise the Stock Appreciation Right.

 

(v) Vesting Generally. The total number of shares of Common Stock subject to a Stock Appreciation Right may, but need not, vest and therefore become exercisable in periodic installments that may, but need not, be equal. The Stock Appreciation Right may be subject to such other terms and conditions on the time or times when it may be exercised (which may be based on performance or other criteria) as the Board may deem appropriate. The vesting provisions of individual Stock Appreciation Rights may vary.

 

(vi) Payment. Payment of the amounts determined under subsection 7(c)(i) above shall be in Common Stock (based on its Fair Market Value as of the date the Stock Appreciation Right is exercised).

 

8. C OVENANTS OF THE C OMPANY .

 

(a) Availability of Shares. During the terms of the Stock Awards, the Company shall keep available at all times the number of shares of Common Stock required to satisfy such Stock Awards.

 

(b) Securities Law Compliance. The Company shall seek to obtain from each regulatory commission or agency having jurisdiction over the Plan such authority as may be required to grant Stock Awards and to issue and sell shares of Common Stock upon exercise of the Stock Awards; provided, however, that this undertaking shall not require the Company to register under the Securities Act the Plan, any Stock Award or any Common Stock issued or issuable pursuant to any such Stock Award. If, after reasonable efforts, the Company is unable to obtain from any such regulatory commission or agency the authority which counsel for the Company deems necessary for the lawful issuance and sale of Common Stock under the Plan, the Company shall be relieved from any liability for failure to issue and sell Common Stock upon exercise of such Stock Awards unless and until such authority is obtained.

 

9. U SE OF P ROCEEDS FROM S TOCK .

 

Proceeds from the sale of Common Stock pursuant to Stock Awards shall constitute general funds of the Company.

 

10. M ISCELLANEOUS .

 

(a) Acceleration of Exercisability and Vesting. The Board shall have the power to accelerate the time at which a Stock Award may first be exercised or the time during which a Stock Award or any part thereof will vest in accordance with the Plan, notwithstanding the provisions in the Stock Award stating the time at which it may first be exercised or the time during which it will vest.

 

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(b) Stockholder Rights. No Participant shall be deemed to be the holder of, or to have any of the rights of a holder with respect to, any shares of Common Stock subject to such Stock Award unless and until such Participant has satisfied all requirements for exercise of the Stock Award pursuant to its terms.

 

(c) No Employment or other Service Rights. Nothing in the Plan or any instrument executed or Stock Award granted pursuant thereto shall confer upon any Participant any right to continue to serve the Company or an Affiliate in the capacity in effect at the time the Stock Award was granted or shall affect the right of the Company or an Affiliate to terminate (i) the employment of an Employee with or without notice and with or without cause, (ii) the service of a Consultant pursuant to the terms of such Consultant’s agreement with the Company or an Affiliate or (iii) the service of a Director pursuant to the Bylaws of the Company or an Affiliate, and any applicable provisions of the corporate law of the state in which the Company or the Affiliate is incorporated, as the case may be.

 

(d) Incentive Stock Option $100,000 Limitation. To the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the time of grant) of Common Stock with respect to which Incentive Stock Options are exercisable for the first time by any Optionholder during any calendar year (under all plans of the Company and its Affiliates) exceeds one hundred thousand dollars ($100,000), the Options or portions thereof which exceed such limit (according to the order in which they were granted) shall be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options.

 

(e) Investment Assurances. The Company may require a Participant, as a condition of exercising or acquiring Common Stock under any Stock Award, (i) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company as to the Participant’s knowledge and experience in financial and business matters and/or to employ a purchaser representative reasonably satisfactory to the Company who is knowledgeable and experienced in financial and business matters and that he or she is capable of evaluating, alone or together with the purchaser representative, the merits and risks of exercising the Stock Award; and (ii) to give written assurances satisfactory to the Company stating that the Participant is acquiring Common Stock subject to the Stock Award for the Participant’s own account and not with any present intention of selling or otherwise distributing the Common Stock. The foregoing requirements, and any assurances given pursuant to such requirements, shall be inoperative if (iii) the issuance of the shares of Common Stock upon the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under the Stock Award has been registered under a then currently effective registration statement under the Securities Act or (iv) as to any particular requirement, a determination is made by counsel for the Company that such requirement need not be met in the circumstances under the then applicable securities laws. The Company may, upon advice of counsel to the Company, place legends on stock certificates issued under the Plan as such counsel deems necessary or appropriate in order to comply with applicable securities laws, including, but not limited to, legends restricting the transfer of the Common Stock.

 

(f) Withholding Obligations. To the extent provided by the terms of a Stock Award Agreement, the Participant may satisfy any federal, state or local tax withholding obligation relating to the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under a Stock Award by any of the

 

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following means (in addition to the Company’s right to withhold from any compensation paid to the Participant by the Company) or by a combination of such means: (i) tendering a cash payment; (ii) authorizing the Company to withhold shares of Common Stock from the shares of Common Stock otherwise issuable to the participant as a result of the exercise or acquisition of Common Stock under the Stock Award in an amount not to exceed the minimum amount of tax required to be withheld by law; or (iii) delivering to the Company owned and unencumbered shares of Common Stock.

 

(g) Repurchase Limitation. The terms of any repurchase option shall be specified in the Stock Award and may be either at Fair Market Value at the time of repurchase or at not less than the original purchase price.

 

(h) Cancellation and Re-Grant of Options .

 

(i) Authority to Reprice . The Board shall have the authority to effect, at any time and from time to time, (1) the repricing of any outstanding Options under the Plan and/or (2) with the consent of any adversely affected holders of Options, the cancellation of any outstanding Options under the Plan and the grant in substitution therefor of new Options under the Plan covering the same or different numbers of shares of Common Stock. The exercise price per share of Common Stock shall be not less than that specified under the Plan for newly granted Stock Awards. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may grant an Option with an exercise price lower than that set forth above if such Option is granted as part of a transaction to which Section 424(a) of the Code applies.

 

(ii) Effect of Repricing under Section 162(m) of the Code . Shares of Common Stock subject to an Option which is amended or canceled in order to set a lower exercise price per share of Common Stock shall continue to be counted against the maximum award of Options permitted to be granted pursuant to subsection 5(c). The repricing of an Option under this subsection resulting in a reduction of the exercise price shall be deemed to be a cancellation of the original Option and the grant of a substitute Option; in the event of such repricing, both the original and the substituted Options shall be counted against the maximum awards of Options permitted to be granted pursuant to subsection 5(c). The provisions of this subsection shall be applicable only to the extent required by Section 162(m) of the Code.

 

11. Adjustments upon Changes in Stock.

 

(a) Capitalization Adjustments . If any change is made in the Common Stock subject to the Plan, or subject to any Stock Award, without the receipt of consideration by the Company (through merger, consolidation, reorganization, recapitalization, reincorporation, stock dividend, dividend in property other than cash, stock split, liquidating dividend, combination of shares, exchange of shares, change in corporate structure or other transaction not involving the receipt of consideration by the Company), the Plan will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and maximum number of securities subject to the Plan and available for Incentive Stock Options pursuant to subsections 4(a) and 4(b) and the maximum number of securities subject to awards to any employee pursuant to subsection 5(c), and the outstanding Stock Awards will be appropriately adjusted in the class(es) and number of securities and price per share of Common

 

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Stock subject to such outstanding Stock Awards. The Board shall make such adjustments, and its determination shall be final, binding and conclusive. (The conversion of any convertible securities of the Company shall not be treated as a transaction “without receipt of consideration” by the Company.)

 

(b) Change in Control—Dissolution or Liquidation . In the event of a dissolution or liquidation of the Company, then all outstanding Stock Awards shall terminate immediately prior to such event.

 

(c) Change in Control—Asset Sale, Stock Sale, Merger, Consolidation or Reverse Merger . In the event of (i) a sale, lease or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, (ii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation and/or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote; (iii) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation or (iv) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, then any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation shall assume any Stock Awards outstanding under the Plan or shall substitute similar stock awards (including an award to acquire the same consideration paid to the stockholders in the transaction described in this subsection 11(c)) for those outstanding under the Plan. In the event any surviving corporation or acquiring corporation refuses to assume such Stock Awards or to substitute similar stock awards for those outstanding under the Plan, then with respect to Stock Awards held by Participants whose Continuous Service has not terminated, the vesting of such Stock Awards (and, if applicable, the time during which such Stock Awards may be exercised) shall be accelerated in full, and the Stock Awards shall terminate if not exercised (if applicable) at or prior to such event. With respect to any other Stock Awards outstanding under the Plan, such Stock Awards shall terminate if not exercised (if applicable) prior to such event.

 

(d) Special Acceleration Provisions. Notwithstanding any other provisions of this Plan to the contrary, in the event of a Change in Control (as such term is defined below) and if within thirteen (13) months after the date of such Change in Control the Continuous Service of a Participant terminates due to an involuntary termination (not including death or Disability) without Cause (as such term is defined below) or a voluntary termination by the Participant due to a Constructive Termination (as such term is defined below), then the vesting and exercisability of all Stock Awards held by such Participant shall be accelerated, or any reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to a Stock Award shall lapse, as follows. With respect to those Stock Awards held by a Participant who is a Designated Grantee (as such term is defined below) at the time of such termination, fifty percent (50%) of the unvested shares covered by such Stock Awards shall vest and become exercisable (or reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company shall lapse with respect to fifty percent (50%) of the shares still subject to such rights, as appropriate) as of the date of such termination. With respect to those Stock Awards held by all other Participants, twenty-five percent (25%) of the unvested shares covered by such Stock Awards shall vest and become exercisable (or reacquisition or repurchase

 

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rights held by the Company shall lapse with respect to twenty-five percent (25%) of the unvested shares still subject to such rights, as appropriate) as of the date of such termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, however, if such potential acceleration of the vesting and exercisability of Stock Awards (or lapse of reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to Stock Awards) would cause a contemplated Change in Control transaction that would otherwise be eligible to be accounted for as a “pooling-of-interests” transaction to become ineligible for such accounting treatment under generally accepted accounting principles as determined by the Company’s independent public accountants (the “Accountants” ) prior to the Change of Control, such acceleration shall not occur.

 

For the purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Cause means (i) conviction of, a guilty plea with respect to, or a plea of nolo contendere to a charge that a Participant has committed a felony under the laws of the United States or of any state or a crime involving moral turpitude, including, but not limited to, fraud, theft, embezzlement or any crime that results in or is intended to result in personal enrichment at the expense of the Company or an Affiliate; (ii) material breach of any agreement entered into between the Participant and the Company or an Affiliate that impairs the Company’s or the Affiliate’s interest therein; (iii) willful misconduct, significant failure of the Participant to perform the Participant’s duties, or gross neglect by the Participant of the Participant’s duties; or (iv) engagement in any activity that constitutes a material conflict of interest with the Company or any Affiliate.

 

For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Change in Control means: (i) a dissolution or liquidation of the Company; (ii) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; (iii) a sale by the stockholders of the Company of the voting stock of the Company to another corporation or its subsidiaries that results in the ownership by such corporation and/or its subsidiaries of eighty percent (80%) or more of the combined voting power of all classes of the voting stock of the Company entitled to vote; (iv) a merger or consolidation in which the Company is not the surviving corporation and in which beneficial ownership of securities of the Company representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of Directors has changed; (v) a reverse merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation but the shares of Common Stock outstanding immediately preceding the merger are converted by virtue of the merger into other property, whether in the form of securities, cash or otherwise, and in which beneficial ownership of securities of the Company representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of Directors has changed or (vi) an acquisition by any person, entity or group within the meaning of Section 13(d) or 14(d) of the Exchange Act, or any comparable successor provisions (excluding any employee benefit plan, or related trust, sponsored or maintained by the Company or subsidiary of the Company or other entity controlled by the Company) of the beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act, or comparable successor rule) of securities of the Company representing at least fifty percent (50%) of the combined voting power entitled to vote in the election of Directors; or (vii) in the event that the individuals who, as of the Listing Date, are members of the Company’s Board (the “Incumbent Board” ), cease for any reason to constitute at least fifty percent (50%) of the Board. (If the election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, of any new Director

 

17


is approved by a vote of at least fifty percent (50%) of the Incumbent Board, such new Director shall be considered to be a member of the Incumbent Board in the future.) For purposes of this subsection 11(d), Change in Control does not include the initial public offering of the securities of the Company (the “IPO”), nor does it include any event, transaction or series of transactions constituting part of the IPO or an attempted IPO.

 

For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Constructive Termination means the occurrence of any of the following events or conditions: (i) (A) a change in the Participant’s status, title, position or responsibilities (including reporting responsibilities) which represents an adverse change from the Participant’s status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter; (B) the assignment to the Participant of any duties or responsibilities which are inconsistent with the Participant’s status, title, position or responsibilities as in effect at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter; or (C) any removal of the Participant from or failure to reappoint or reelect the Participant to any of such offices or positions, except in connection with the termination of the Participant’s Continuous Service for Cause, as a result of the Participant’s Disability or death or by the Participant other than as a result of Constructive Termination; (ii) a reduction in the Participant’s annual base compensation or any failure to pay the Participant any compensation or benefits to which the Participant is entitled within five (5) days of the date due; (iii) the Company’s requiring the Participant to relocate to any place outside a fifty (50) mile radius of the Participant’s current work site, except for reasonably required travel on the business of the Company or its Affiliates which is not materially greater than such travel requirements prior to the Change in Control; (iv) the failure by the Company to (A) continue in effect (without reduction in benefit level and/or reward opportunities) any material compensation or employee benefit plan in which the Participant was participating at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter, unless such plan is replaced with a plan that provides substantially equivalent compensation or benefits to the Participant, or (B) provide the Participant with compensation and benefits, in the aggregate, at least equal (in terms of benefit levels and/or reward opportunities) to those provided for under each other employee benefit plan, program and practice in which the Participant was participating at any time within ninety (90) days preceding the date of a Change in Control or at any time thereafter; (v) any material breach by the Company of any provision of an agreement between the Company and the Participant, whether pursuant to this Plan or otherwise, other than a breach which is cured by the Company within fifteen (15) days following notice by the Participant of such breach; or (vi) the failure of the Company to obtain an agreement, satisfactory to the Participant, from any successors and assigns to assume and agree to perform the obligations created under this Plan.

 

For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, Designated Grantee means an employee of the Company or an Affiliate with the title of Vice President or higher. For purposes of this subsection 11(d) only, the term Designated Grantee includes all Directors (regardless of title) of the Company and its Affiliates, including all Non-Employee Directors.

 

(e) Parachute Payments . In the event that the acceleration of the vesting and exercisability of the Stock Awards or lapse of reacquisition or repurchase rights held by the Company with respect to Stock Awards provided for in subsection 11(d) and benefits otherwise

 

18


payable to a Participant (i) constitute “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G (as it may be amended or replaced) of the Code, and (ii) but for this subsection 11(e) would be subject to the excise tax imposed by Section 4999 (as it may be amended or replaced) of the Code (the “Excise Tax” ), then such Participant’s benefits hereunder shall be delivered to such lesser extent which would result in no portion of such benefits being subject to the Excise Tax; provided, however, that the benefits hereunder shall be reduced only to the extent necessary after all cash amounts otherwise payable to such Participant and which constitute “parachute payments” have been returned. Unless the Company and such Participant otherwise agree in writing, any determination required under this subsection 11(e) shall be made in writing in good faith by the Accountants. For purposes of making the calculations required by this subsection 11(e), the Accountants may make reasonable assumptions and approximations concerning applicable taxes and may rely on reasonable, good faith interpretations concerning the application of the Code. The Company and such Participants shall furnish to the Accountants such information and documents as the Accountants may reasonably request in order to make a determination under this subsection 11(e). The Company shall bear all costs the Accountants may reasonably incur in connection with any calculations contemplated by this subsection 11(e).

 

12. A MENDMENT OF THE P LAN AND S TOCK A WARDS .

 

(a) Amendment of Plan. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the Plan. However, except as provided in Section 11 relating to adjustments upon changes in Common Stock, no amendment shall be effective unless approved by the stockholders of the Company to the extent stockholder approval is necessary to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Code, Rule 16b-3 or any Nasdaq or securities exchange listing requirements.

 

(b) Stockholder Approval. The Board may, in its sole discretion, submit any other amendment to the Plan for stockholder approval, including, but not limited to, amendments to the Plan intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code and the regulations thereunder regarding the exclusion of performance-based compensation from the limit on corporate deductibility of compensation paid to certain executive officers.

 

(c) Contemplated Amendments. It is expressly contemplated that the Board may amend the Plan in any respect the Board deems necessary or advisable to provide eligible Employees with the maximum benefits provided or to be provided under the provisions of the Code and the regulations promulgated thereunder relating to Incentive Stock Options and/or to bring the Plan and/or Incentive Stock Options granted under it into compliance therewith.

 

(d) No Impairment of Rights. Rights under any Stock Award granted before amendment of the Plan shall not be impaired by any amendment of the Plan unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Participant and (ii) the Participant consents in writing.

 

(e) Amendment of Stock Awards. The Board at any time, and from time to time, may amend the terms of any one or more Stock Awards; provided, however, that the rights under any Stock Award shall not be impaired by any such amendment unless (i) the Company requests the consent of the Participant and (ii) the Participant consents in writing.

 

19


13. T ERMINATION OR S USPENSION OF THE P LAN .

 

(a) Plan Term. The Board may suspend or terminate the Plan at any time. Unless sooner terminated, the Plan shall terminate on the day before the tenth (10th) anniversary of the date the Plan is adopted by the Board or approved by the stockholders of the Company, whichever is earlier. No Stock Awards may be granted under the Plan while the Plan is suspended or after it is terminated.

 

(b) No Impairment of Rights. Suspension or termination of the Plan shall not impair rights and obligations under any Stock Award granted while the Plan is in effect except with the written consent of the Participant.

 

14. E FFECTIVE D ATE OF P LAN .

 

The Plan shall become effective as determined by the Board, but no Stock Award shall be exercised (or, in the case of a stock bonus, shall be granted) unless and until the Plan has been approved by the stockholders of the Company, which approval shall be within twelve (12) months before or after the date the Plan is adopted by the Board.

 

15. C HOICE OF L AW .

 

The law of the State of California shall govern all questions concerning the construction, validity and interpretation of this Plan, without regard to such state’s conflict of laws rules.

 

16. S ECTION 409A.

 

The Plan shall be interpreted, construed and administered in a manner that satisfies the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and the Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder. To the extent that the Committee determines that any Stock Award granted under the Plan is subject to Section 409A of the Code, the Stock Award Agreement evidencing such Stock Award shall incorporate the terms and conditions required by Section 409A of the Code. To the extent applicable, the Plan and Stock Award Agreements shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A of the Code and Department of Treasury regulations and other interpretive guidance issued thereunder, including without limitation any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued thereunder. Notwithstanding any provision of the Plan to the contrary, in the event that the Committee determines that any Stock Award may be subject to Section 409A of the Code and related Department of Treasury guidance, the Committee may adopt such amendments to the Plan and the applicable Stock Award Agreement or adopt other policies and procedures (including amendments, policies and procedures with retroactive effect), or take any other actions, that the Committee determines are necessary or appropriate to (a) exempt the Stock Award from Section 409A of the Code and/or preserve the intended tax treatment of the benefits provided with respect to the Stock Award, or (b) comply with the requirements of Section 409A of the Code and related Department of Treasury guidance.

 

20

Exhibit 10.8

 

TIVO INC.

1999 EMPLOYEE STOCK PURCHASE PLAN

OFFERING

 

Adopted July 14, 1999

Amended and Restated August 15, 2002

Amended and Restated by Board of Directors September 9, 2005

Stockholder Approval Not Required

 

1. Grant of Rights.

 

(a) The Board of Directors (“Board”) of TiVo Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), pursuant to the Company’s 1999 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (the “Plan”), hereby authorizes the grant of Rights to purchase Shares of the Company to all Eligible Employees (an “Offering”). Defined terms not explicitly defined in this Offering but defined in the Plan shall have the same definitions as in the Plan. In the event of any conflict between the provisions of an Offering and those of the Plan (including interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations that may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan), the provisions of the Plan shall control.

 

(b) An “Offering Date” is the first day of an Offering. An Offering may consist of one purchase period or may be divided into shorter purchase periods (“Purchase Periods”). A “Purchase Date” is the last day of a Purchase Period or the Offering, as the case may be.

 

(c) Except as otherwise provided herein, each Offering hereunder shall be divided into two (2) shorter Purchase Periods approximately six (6) months in length.

 

(d) The current Offering commenced on May 1, 2005. The current Purchase Period is six (6) months in length and shall end on October 31, 2005. Pursuant to section 1(g) herein, the next Offering, or second Purchase Period, as applicable, beginning on November 1, 2005 shall end on January 31, 2006 and shall consist of one three (3) month Purchase Period. The Purchase Date for such three (3) month Purchase Period shall be January 31, 2006. One interim Offering shall begin on February 1, 2006 and end on June 30, 2006 and shall consist of only one five (5) month interim Purchase Period.

 

(e) Thereafter, all subsequent Offerings shall begin on July 1, 2006 and on each subsequent anniversary of the most recent Offering Date and shall be divided into two (2) shorter Purchase Periods of six (6) months in length. The Purchase Periods shall begin on each July 1 and January 1 and shall end on each December 31 and June 30; provided, however, that if on the first Purchase Date during an Offering the fair market value of the Shares is less than it was on the Offering Date for that Offering, the day after such Purchase Date shall become the next Offering Date and the Offering that would otherwise have continued in effect shall immediately terminate. Each Offering shall end on the day prior to the first anniversary of its Offering Date unless sooner terminated as provided above.

 

(f) Prior to the commencement of any Offering, the Board may change any or all terms of such Offering and any subsequent Offerings. The granting of Rights pursuant to each Offering hereunder shall occur on each respective Offering Date unless, prior to such date (i) the Board determines that such Offering shall not occur, or (ii) no Shares remain available for issuance under the Plan in connection with the Offering.

 

(g) Notwithstanding any other provisions of an Offering, if the terms of an Offering as previously established by the Board would, as a result of a change to applicable accounting standards, generate a charge to earnings, such Offering shall terminate effective as of the day prior to the date such change to accounting standards would otherwise first apply to the Offering (the “Offering Termination Date”), and such Offering Termination Date shall be the final Purchase Date of such Offering. A subsequent Offering shall commence on such date and on such terms as shall be provided by the Board.


2. Eligible Employees.

 

(a) All employees of the Company and each of its Affiliates incorporated in the United States shall be granted Rights to purchase Shares under each Offering on the Offering Date of such Offering, provided that each such employee otherwise meets the employment requirements of subparagraph 6(a) of the Plan and has been continuously employed for at least ten (10) days on the Offering Date of such Offering (an “Eligible Employee”).

 

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the following employees shall not be Eligible Employees or be granted Rights under an Offering: (i) part-time or seasonal employees whose customary employment is twenty (20) hours or less per week or not more than five (5) months per calendar year or (ii) 5% stockholders (including ownership through unexercised options) described in subparagraph 6(c) of the Plan.

 

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, each person who first becomes an Eligible Employee ten (10) or more days prior to the end of the first Purchase Period of an Offering may, as of the first day of the second Purchase Period during that Offering, receive a Right under such Offering, which Right shall thereafter be deemed to be a part of the Offering. Such Right shall have the same characteristics as any Rights originally granted under the Offering except that:

 

(i) the date on which such Right is granted shall be the “Offering Date” of such Right for all purposes, including determination of the exercise price of such Right; and

 

(ii) the Offering for such Right shall begin on its Offering Date and end coincident with the end of the ongoing Offering.

 

3. Rights.

 

(a) Subject to the limitations contained herein and in the Plan, on each Offering Date each Eligible Employee shall be granted the Right to purchase the number of Shares purchasable with up to fifteen percent (15%) of such Eligible Employee’s Earnings paid during such Offering after the Eligible Employee first commences participation; provided, however, that no employee may purchase Shares on a particular Purchase Date that would result in more than fifteen percent (15%) of such employee’s Earnings in the period from the Offering Date to such Purchase Date having been applied to purchase Shares under all ongoing Offerings under the Plan and all other Company plans intended to qualify as “employee stock purchase plans” under Section 423 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

 

(b) For this Offering, “Earnings” means the total compensation paid to an employee, including all salary, wages (including amounts elected to be deferred by the employee, that would otherwise have been paid, under any cash or deferred arrangement established by the Company), overtime pay, commissions, bonuses, and other remuneration paid directly to the employee, but excluding profit sharing, the cost of employee benefits paid for by the Company, education or tuition reimbursements, imputed income arising under any Company group insurance or benefit program, traveling expenses, business and moving expense reimbursements, income received in connection with stock options, contributions made by the Company under any employee benefit plan, and similar items of compensation.

 

(c) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the maximum number of Shares an Eligible Employee may purchase on any Purchase Date in an Offering shall be such number of Shares as has a fair market value (determined as of the Offering Date for such Offering) equal to (x) $25,000 multiplied by the number of calendar years in which the Right under such Offering has been outstanding at any time, minus (y) the fair market value of any other Shares (determined as of the relevant Offering Date with respect to such Shares) which, for purposes of the limitation of Section 423(b)(8) of the Code, are attributed to any of such calendar years in which the Right is outstanding. The amount in clause (y) of the previous sentence shall be determined in accordance with regulations applicable under Section 423(b)(8) of the Code based on (i) the number of Shares previously purchased with respect to such calendar years pursuant to such Offering or any other Offering under the Plan, or pursuant to any other Company plans intended to qualify as “employee stock purchase plans” under Section 423 of the Code, and (ii) the number of Shares subject to other Rights outstanding on the Offering Date for such Offering pursuant to the Plan or any other such Company plan.


(d) With respect to any Offering commencing on or after November 1, 2002, the maximum number of Shares that may be purchased by any Eligible Employee in each Offering shall be 20,000 Shares. The maximum aggregate number of Shares available to be purchased by all Eligible Employees under an Offering shall be the number of Shares remaining available under the Plan on the Offering Date. If the aggregate purchase of Shares upon exercise of Rights granted under the Offering would exceed the maximum aggregate number of Shares available, the Board shall make a pro rata allocation of the Shares available in a uniform and equitable manner.

 

4. Purchase Price.

 

The purchase price of the Shares under the Offering shall be the lesser of eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the Shares on the Offering Date or eighty-five percent (85%) of the fair market value of the Shares on the Purchase Date, in each case rounded up to the nearest whole cent per Share.

 

5. Participation.

 

(a) An Eligible Employee may elect to participate in an Offering only at the beginning of the Offering or such later date specified in subparagraph 2(c).

 

(b) A Participant who is enrolled in an Offering automatically will be enrolled in the next Offering that commences after the current Offering ends.

 

(c) An Eligible Employee shall become a Participant in an Offering by delivering an agreement authorizing payroll deductions. Such deductions must be in whole percentages, with a minimum percentage of one percent (1%) and a maximum percentage of fifteen percent (15%) of Earnings. A Participant may not make additional payments into his or her account. The agreement shall be made on such enrollment form as the Company provides, and must be delivered to the Company at least ten (10) days before the Offering Date, or before such later date specified in subparagraph 2(c), in advance of the date of participation to be effective, unless a later time for filing the enrollment form is set by the Board for all Eligible Employees with respect to a given Offering Date.

 

(d) If the agreement authorizing payroll deductions is required to be delivered to the Company or designated Affiliate a specified number of days before the Offering Date to be effective, then an employee who becomes eligible during the required delivery period shall not be considered to be an Eligible Employee at the beginning of the Offering but may elect to participate during the Offering as provided in subparagraph 2(c).

 

6. Changing Participation Level during Offering; Withdrawal from Offering.

 

(a) A Participant may not increase his or her deductions during the course of a Purchase Period. A Participant may increase or decrease his or her deductions prior to the beginning of a new Purchase Period or a new Offering, to be effective at the beginning of such new Purchase Period or new Offering. A Participant shall make a change in his or her participation level by delivering a notice to the Company in such form and at such time as the Company provides.

 

(b) A Participant may reduce (including to zero) his or her deductions once (and only once) during a Purchase Period, effective as soon as administratively practicable. A Participant shall make a change in his or her participation level by delivering a notice to the Company in such form and at such time as the Company provides.

 

(c) Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, a Participant may not increase or decrease his or her participation level during the course of an Offering.

 

(d) Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant may withdraw from an Offering and receive his or her accumulated payroll deductions from the Offering (reduced to the extent, if any, such deductions have been used to acquire Shares for the Participant on any prior Purchase Dates), without interest, at any time


prior to the end of the Offering, excluding only each ten (10) day period immediately preceding a Purchase Date (or such shorter period of time determined by the Company and communicated to Participants) by delivering a withdrawal notice to the Company in such form as the Company provides.

 

7. Purchases.

 

Subject to the limitations contained herein, on each Purchase Date, each Participant’s accumulated payroll deductions (without any increase for interest) shall be applied to the purchase of whole Shares, up to the maximum number of Shares permitted under the Plan and the Offering.

 

8. Notices and Agreements.

 

Any notices or agreements provided for in an Offering or the Plan shall be given in writing, in a form provided by the Company, and unless specifically provided for in the Plan or this Offering shall be deemed effectively given upon receipt or, in the case of notices and agreements delivered by the Company, five (5) days after deposit in the United States mail, postage prepaid.

 

9. Exercise Contingent on Stockholder Approval.

 

The Rights granted under an Offering are subject to the approval of the Plan by the Shareholders as required for the Plan to obtain treatment as a tax-qualified employee stock purchase plan under Section 423 of the Code.

 

10. Offering Subject to Plan.

 

Each Offering is subject to all the provisions of the Plan, and its provisions are hereby made a part of the Offering, and is further subject to all interpretations, amendments, rules and regulations which may from time to time be promulgated and adopted pursuant to the Plan.

EXHIBIT 31.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, Thomas S. Rogers, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of TiVo Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: September 9, 2005

 

/s/    T HOMAS S. R OGERS        
Thomas S. Rogers
President and Chief Executive Officer

EXHIBIT 31.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

I, David H. Courtney, certify that:

 

  1. I have reviewed this quarterly report on Form 10-Q of TiVo Inc.;

 

  2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

 

  3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this quarterly report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

 

  4. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  a) designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  b) designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  c) evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  d) disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

 

  5. The registrant’s other certifying officers and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  a) all significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  b) any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

Date: September 9, 2005

 

/s/    D AVID H. C OURTNEY        
David H. Courtney
Executive Vice President,
Group Executive, Corporate Products & Services Group, and
Chief Financial Officer

EXHIBIT 32.1

 

Certification of Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

In connection with the TiVo Inc. (the “Company”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending July 31, 2005 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, Thomas S. Rogers, Chief Executive Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

  1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.

 

Date: September 9, 2005

 

/s/    T HOMAS S. R OGERS        
Thomas S. Rogers
President and Chief Executive Officer

EXHIBIT 32.2

 

Certification of Chief Financial Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, As Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002

 

In connection with the TiVo Inc. (the “Company”) Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ending July 31, 2005 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), I, David H. Courtney, Chief Financial Officer of the Company, certify pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that, to the best of my knowledge:

 

  1. The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  2. The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company at the dates and for the periods indicated.

 

Date: September 9, 2005

 

/s/    D AVID H. C OURTNEY        
David H. Courtney
Executive Vice President,
Group Executive, Corporate Products & Services Group, and
Chief Financial Officer