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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 11, 2007

Registration No. 333-            

 


SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 


FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

Under

The Securities Act of 1933

 


MERCADOLIBRE, INC.

(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

 


 

Delaware   7389   98-0212790

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 


MercadoLibre, Inc.

Tronador 4890, 8 th Floor

Buenos Aires, C1430DNN, Argentina

011-54-11-5352-8000

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrant’s principal executive offices)

United Corporate Services, Inc.

15 East North Street

Dover, Delaware 19901-3609

(914) 949-9188

(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 


Copies to:

 

John F. Haley, Esq.    Nicolás Szekasy    S. Todd Crider, Esq.
Edward W. Elmore, Jr., Esq.    MercadoLibre, Inc.    Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP
Hunton & Williams LLP    Tronador 4890, 8 th Floor    425 Lexington Avenue
1111 Brickell Avenue, Suite 2500    Buenos Aires, C1430DNN, Argentina    New York, New York 10017-3954
Miami, Florida 33131    011-54-11-5352-8000    (212) 455-2000
(305) 810-2500      

 


Approximate Date of Commencement of Proposed Sale to the Public:   As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.     ¨

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.     ¨

 


CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 


TITLE OF EACH CLASS OF

SECURITIES TO BE REGISTERED

  

PROPOSED

MAXIMUM AGGREGATE

OFFERING PRICE(1)(2)

  

AMOUNT OF

REGISTRATION FEE

Common stock, par value $0.001 per share

   $ 100,000,000    $ 3,070

 

(1)   Estimated pursuant to Rule 457(o) solely for the purpose of calculating the amount of the registration fee.
(2)   Includes shares to be sold upon exercise of the underwriter’s over-allotment option. See “Underwriting.”

 


The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.

 



Table of Contents

The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities, and we are not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

Subject to completion, dated                     , 2007

Prospectus

                     shares

LOGO

MERCADOLIBRE, INC.

Common stock

This is the initial public offering of our common stock. Of the shares of common stock to be sold in the offering, we are selling              shares and the selling stockholders identified in this prospectus are selling              shares. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the shares of common stock being sold by the selling stockholders. We expect the initial public offering price to be between $              and $              per share.

Prior to the offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. We expect to apply for listing of our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “MELI.”

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed on the adequacy or accuracy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

       Per share    Total

Initial public offering price

   $                 $             

Underwriting discount

   $      $  

Proceeds to MercadoLibre, Inc., before expenses

   $      $  

Proceeds to the selling stockholders, before expenses

   $      $  

The selling stockholders have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days to purchase from them up to              additional shares of our common stock to cover over-allotments, if any.

Investing in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. See “ Risk factors ” beginning on page 10 to read about certain factors you should consider before buying shares of our common stock.

The underwriters expect to deliver the shares on or about                     , 2007.

 

JPMorgan   Merrill Lynch & Co.

                    , 2007


Table of Contents

Table of contents

 

     Page

Prospectus summary

   1

Risk factors

   10

Forward-looking statements

   33

Use of proceeds

   34

Dividend policy

   34

Capitalization

   35

Dilution

   36

Selected financial and other data

   37

Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

   39

The Latin American Internet industry

   59

Business

   62

Management

   91

Compensation discussion and analysis

   97

Principal stockholders

   105

Selling stockholders

   107

Certain relationships and related transactions

   108

Description of capital stock

   111

Shares eligible for future sale

   116

Certain United States tax consequences to non-U.S. holders

   118

Underwriting

   121

Legal matters

   127

Experts

   127

Additional information

   127

Index to financial statements

   F-1

 


You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We and the underwriters have not authorized anyone to provide you with information that is different from or additional to, that contained in this prospectus. This prospectus may only be used where it is legal to sell our common stock. The information in this prospectus may only be accurate on the date of this prospectus.

We have not undertaken any efforts to qualify this offering for offers to individual investors in any jurisdiction outside the United States. Therefore, individual investors located outside the United States should not expect to be eligible to participate in this offering.

 


Definitions .    Unless otherwise indicated, the terms “we,” “us,” “our” and “company” refer to MercadoLibre, Inc. and its consolidated subsidiaries. References in this prospectus to “$” or “U.S.$” are to U.S. dollars.

Brands.    MercadoLibre and MercadoPago are brands that belong to us. This prospectus also includes trademarks, trade names and trade dress of other companies. Use or display by us of other parties’ trademarks, trade names or trade dress or products is not intended to and does not imply a relationship with, or endorsement or sponsorship of us by, the trademark, trade name or trade dress owners. Solely for the convenience of the reader, we refer to our brands in this

 

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prospectus without the ® symbol, but these references are not intended to indicate in any way that we will not assert our rights to these brands to the fullest extent permitted by law.

Market position.     We make statements in this prospectus about our competitive position and market share in, and the market size of, the Internet and e-commerce industries in certain Latin American countries. Market data and other statistical information used throughout this prospectus are based on independent industry publications, government publications, reports by market research firms and other published independent sources that we believe are reliable. Some data are also based on our estimates, which are derived from our review of internal surveys and independent sources. We have made these statements on the basis of statistics and other information from third-party sources that we believe are reliable. Although we have no reason to believe that any of this information or these reports are inaccurate in any material respect, neither we nor the selling stockholders, nor the underwriters have independently verified the competitive position, market share and market size or market growth data provided by third parties or by industry or general publications. None of the publications, reports, or other published industry sources referred to in this prospectus were commissioned by us or prepared at our request, and we have not sought or obtained the consent of any of these sources to include such market data in this prospectus.

Rounding.     Certain figures included in this prospectus have been subject to rounding adjustments. Accordingly, figures shown as totals in certain tables may not be an arithmetic aggregation of the figures that precede them.

 

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Prospectus summary

This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary is not complete and does not contain all of the information you should consider before investing in our common stock. You should read the entire prospectus carefully before investing in our common stock, especially the risks of investing in our common stock discussed under “Risk factors” and our consolidated financial statements and their related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

The company

We host the largest online trading platform in Latin America, called MercadoLibre and located at www.mercadolibre.com. We are market leaders in e-commerce in each of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela, based on unique visitors and page views during 2006. Additionally, we have recently launched online trading platforms in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and Panama. With a market of over 550 million people and a region with one of the world’s fastest-growing Internet penetration rates, we provide buyers and sellers a robust online trading environment that fosters the development of a large and growing e-commerce community. We offer a technological and commercial solution that addresses the distinctive cultural and geographic challenges of operating an online trading platform in Latin America.

We offer our users two principal services:

 

 

The MercadoLibre marketplace :    The MercadoLibre marketplace is a fully-automated, topically-arranged and user-friendly online trading service. This service permits both businesses and individuals to list items and conduct their sales and purchases online in either a fixed-price or auction-based format. Additionally, through online classified advertisements, our registered users can also list and purchase motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, real estate and services. Any Internet user can browse through the various products and services that are listed on our website and register with MercadoLibre to list, bid for and purchase items and services.

 

 

The MercadoPago online payments solution :    To complement the MercadoLibre marketplace, we developed MercadoPago, an integrated online payments solution. MercadoPago is designed to facilitate transactions on the MercadoLibre marketplace by providing a mechanism that allows our users to securely, easily and promptly send and receive payments online.

During 2006, visitors to our website were able to browse an average of over 2.5 million total listings per month, organized by country, in over 2,000 different product categories. We believe that we have achieved a critical mass of active buyers, sellers and product listings in most of the countries where we operate and that our business can be readily scaled to handle increases in our user base and transaction volume. At December 31, 2006, we had 18.2 million total confirmed registered MercadoLibre users. During 2006, we had 1.7 million unique sellers, 4.4 million unique buyers and 13.8 million successful items sold.

We generate revenues from the MercadoLibre marketplace from listing fees, optional feature fees, final value fees and online advertising, and from MercadoPago from commissions for use of the service.

 

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We achieved gross merchandise volume (which is a measure of the total value of goods and services bought and sold on the MercadoLibre marketplace excluding motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate) of $1,075.1 million in 2006, an increase of approximately 76.9% compared to 2005. Since we commenced operations in 1999, we have consistently generated higher annual revenues over the prior year, and since 2005 we have generated positive net income and cash from operations. For 2006, we recognized revenues of approximately $52.1 million, which represented a compounded annual growth rate of 102.8% from 2004 to 2006. For 2006, our net income was approximately $1.1 million. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, some of our principal consolidated financial and operational indicators:

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2004     2005    2006

Net revenues

   $ 12.7     $ 28.2    $ 52.1

Income (loss) from operations

   $ (3.3 )   $ 0.8    $ 5.4

Net income (loss)

   $ (2.2 )   $ 2.4    $ 1.1

Gross merchandise volume(1)

   $ 299.3     $ 607.7    $ 1,075.1

Number of successful items sold(2)

     5.1       8.4      13.8

Total payment volume(3)

   $ 8.9     $ 38.5    $ 89.0

 

(1)   Measure of the total U.S. dollar sum of all transactions completed through the MercadoLibre marketplace, excluding motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate.

 

(2)   Measure of the number of items that were sold through the MercadoLibre marketplace.

 

(3)   Measure of the total U.S. dollar sum of all transactions paid for using MercadoPago.

On November 10, 2005, we acquired certain operations of a regional competitor in online trading, DeRemate.com Inc., including all of its operations in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela. See “Business—History of MercadoLibre” for more information.

Market opportunity

We provide services to a region with one of the world’s fastest growing Internet penetration rates. We were one of the initial entrants into the Latin American e-commerce market. The region, which consists of South America, Central America, the Caribbean and Mexico, is home to over 550 million people, or approximately 8.5% of the world’s population. The International Monetary Fund estimates that Latin America’s combined annual gross domestic product in 2006 was greater than $2.9 trillion. Based on information released by InternetWorldStats.com, estimates for Internet penetration in Latin America at March 10, 2007 range from a high of 42.4% for Chile to 17.2% for Brazil and 6.5% for Panama with an average penetration of approximately 17.3%. Between the end of 2000 and March 10, 2007, InternetWorldStats.com estimates that Latin America’s Internet user base increased approximately 433.4% with a compounded annual growth rate of 30.7%.

We believe that the Latin American market presents a significant opportunity for an Internet-based marketplace provider. E-commerce platforms offer advantages of scale, information availability and accessibility to markets, which address many of the inefficiencies associated with traditional offline trading in Latin America, such as limited access to information, high number of parties in distribution chains, limited inventory, and obstacles to efficient communication and interaction between market participants.

 

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Competitive strengths

We believe the following characteristics give us a competitive advantage in realizing the potential of our market opportunity:

 

 

We have a strong brand and are one of the leaders in the Latin American e-commerce market .    We were one of the initial entrants in the Latin American e-commerce market, and we host the leading online trading platform in the region based on unique visitors and page views. We have built strong brand awareness and a growing online community that provides our users with the advantages of a sizable network with a large number of participants in a single marketplace. In some countries, we operate the only large-scale online trading platform that covers a wide range of product and service categories.

 

 

We operate a proven business model .    Business models similar to ours have been successfully implemented in many countries around the world, most notably by one of our stockholders, eBay Inc., or eBay. We have had the advantage of working closely with eBay in exchanging industry best practices and developing and improving our services and strategy.

 

 

Our business model offers significant economies of scale .    Since we started operations in 1999, we have shown significant revenue growth from year to year. Our business model has substantial operating leverage because a significant portion of our costs are fixed, such that increases in revenues have resulted in higher margins year after year. From 2004 to 2006, our annual revenues increased from $12.7 million to $52.1 million, a 311.1% increase, while total costs and operating expenses grew from $16.0 million to $46.7 million, a 191.4% increase.

 

 

Our product range and information is extensive .    We offer our customers one of the broadest selections of products and product categories among e-commerce sites in Latin America. Our sites offer on average over 2.5 million total listings per month from a selection of over 2,000 different product categories. Our product selection ranges from traditional e-commerce items such as books, music, videos, electronics, computers, hardware, cameras and cellular telephones, to industrial goods and services, to real estate and contractor services. Our website offers an efficient shopping experience with extensive information, ratings and reviews on listed products.

 

 

We provide creative and innovative solutions .    We have developed creative and innovative solutions to the challenges of conducting e-commerce in Latin America. For example, in addition to offering sellers an auction-based format to sell an item, the MercadoLibre marketplace also offers a fixed-price alternative to respond to the current preferences in the region for fixed-price listings. In order to address the specific needs of buyers and sellers of motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, real estate and certain services, items for which buyers will typically require a physical inspection or specific types of interaction, we offer our users an online classified advertisements service that is dedicated to these items. To complement the MercadoLibre marketplace by providing an end-to-end service that facilitates the completion of transactions online, we have developed MercadoPago, which operates as an escrow service that allows our users to make and receive payments efficiently and securely online. In order to meet the demand for product information by potential purchasers, we have launched product content sections on our platform that encourage user ratings and product reviews, and provide product catalogues and purchasing guides. To improve the efficiency of our MercadoLibre

 

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marketplace, we launched a relevance-based algorithm to sort listings, which provides users with a superior buying experience by matching supply and demand.

 

 

We have acquired considerable local market expertise .    As one of the first Internet trading platforms in the countries where we operate, we have developed an understanding of the needs and preferences of our users and customers. We have historically used this expertise to develop services and products that cater to the unique needs of Latin American e-commerce clients.

 

 

We have an experienced and highly qualified team .    We are led by a team of highly qualified management and information technology professionals who run our business and websites from our offices in Buenos Aires, São Paulo, Mexico City, Caracas, Santiago and Bogotá. Our ten most senior management officers and our four most senior technology professionals joined our team in 2000 or before, which provides us with stable and seasoned leadership. The commitment, knowledge and track record of both our management and technology teams are valuable assets to our company. We believe that our corporate culture contributes to the high level of satisfaction of our employees and to the retention and commitment of our team.

Business strategy

We seek to serve people in Latin America by offering an online marketplace that can improve the quality of life of those who use it, while creating significant value for our stockholders. We serve our buyers by giving them access to a broader and more affordable variety of products and services than those available on other online and offline venues. We serve our sellers by allowing them to reach a larger and more geographically diverse user base at a lower overall cost and investment than offline venues, which enables them to build businesses. More broadly, we strive to turn inefficient markets into more efficient ones and in that process we generate value. To achieve these objectives, we apply the following strategies:

 

 

Continue to grow our business and maintain market leadership .    We have focused and intend to continue to focus on growing our business by strengthening our position as the preferred online marketplace in each of the countries in which we operate. We also intend to grow our business and maintain our leadership by taking advantage of the expanding potential client base that has resulted from the growth of Internet penetration rates in Latin America. We intend to achieve these goals through organic growth, by entering into new countries and category segments, and, when possible and advantageous, through potential strategic acquisitions of key businesses and assets.

 

 

Increase monetization of our transactions .    We have focused and will continue to focus on improving the revenue generation capacity of our business by implementing initiatives designed to maximize the revenues we receive from transactions on our platform. Some of these initiatives include increasing our fee structure, introducing listing fees in the countries where we do not currently charge them, and selling advertising and Internet marketing services on our platform. Additionally, we intend to take advantage of the natural synergies that exist between our marketplace and payments service by promoting increased use of MercadoPago so that it becomes the preferred online payment method on and off our platform.

 

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Enhance brand awareness .    We believe that enhancing awareness of the MercadoLibre brand is important to achieve our business objectives. We intend to continue to promote, advertise and increase recognition of our brand through a variety of marketing and promotional campaigns. These may include marketing agreements with companies with significant online presence and advertising through traditional media, such as cable television. We may also use leading websites and other media such as affiliate programs, banner advertisements and keyword searches. In addition, by enhancing our e-commerce community experience, we believe we will promote brand awareness through word of mouth.

 

 

Focus on user loyalty and website enhancement .    We will continue to focus on increasing purchase frequency and transaction volumes from our existing users. We intend to do so by maintaining an appealing and convenient platform for e-commerce, improving the functionality of our website to deliver a more efficient user experience and providing our users with the help of a dedicated customer support department. We employ a number of programs aimed at fostering customer loyalty and repeated purchases, such as our MercadoLider loyalty program for high-volume sellers, our targeted and segmented direct marketing program, and MercadoPago special promotions awarding interest-free installments.

 

 

Increase operational efficiency .    We believe that our business model is an advantage in competing with traditional online and off-line retailers as we do not require a physical showroom or storage locations and do not actually process the orders. We plan to maximize this advantage by achieving economies of scale, maintaining controls on overhead costs and reducing variable costs whenever possible.

 

 

Continue to develop innovative and creative solutions .    We intend to continually enhance our trading platform in order to better serve both individuals and businesses that want to buy or sell goods and services online. We intend to continue investing to develop new tools and technologies that facilitate e-commerce on our platform and improve our users’ online experience on MercadoLibre, while addressing the distinctive cultural, geographical and other challenges of online trading in Latin America.

 

 

Serve our dynamic and active user community .    We seek to operate MercadoLibre as an open and trusted Web-based marketplace where users can access a broad market of products. We believe in treating our users with respect by applying a consistent set of policies that reinforce good online and offline behavior within our user community. We also seek to offer superior customer care in order to maintain the loyalty and satisfaction of our active user base.

 


We are a Delaware corporation incorporated on October 15, 1999. Our registered office is located at 15 East North Street, Dover, Delaware. Our principal executive offices are located at Tronador 4890, 8 th floor, Buenos Aires, Argentina, C1430DNN. Our telephone number is +54 11 5352-8000 and our website is located at www.mercadolibre.com. Information contained on our website shall not constitute, or be deemed incorporated as, a part of this prospectus.

 

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The offering

 

Issuer

MercadoLibre, Inc.

 

Common stock offered by us

             shares.

 

Common stock offered by the selling stockholders

             shares.

 

Common stock to be outstanding after this offering

             shares.

 

Offering price

We expect the offering price to be between $             and $             per share.

 

Over-allotment option

The selling stockholders have granted the underwriters an option for a period of 30 days to purchase from them up to              additional shares of our common stock to cover any over-allotments.

 

Use of proceeds

We expect to receive net proceeds from the sale of our common stock in this offering, after deducting the underwriting discount and other estimated expenses, of approximately $             million. We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering to repay approximately $9.1 million outstanding on a loan from eBay and the remainder for general corporate purposes.

We will not receive any of the sales proceeds associated with common stock offered by the selling stockholders.

See “Use of proceeds” and “Certain relationships and related transactions.”

 

Dividend policy

We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. See “Dividend policy” and “Description of capital stock.”

 

Voting rights

Holders of our common stock will be entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders.

 

Proposed Nasdaq Global Market symbol

We intend to apply to have our common stock listed on the Nasdaq Global Market under the trading symbol “MELI.”

 

Lock-up agreements

In connection with this offering, we, our executive officers, directors and certain stockholders will enter into lock-up agreements with the underwriters of this offering under which neither we nor they may, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, directly or

 

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indirectly sell, dispose of or hedge any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated on behalf of the underwriters.

 

Certain relationships and related transactions

Please read “Certain relationships and related transactions” for a discussion of business relationships between us and related parties and “Underwriting” for information regarding relationships between us and the underwriters.

 

Risk factors

You should carefully read and consider the information set forth under “Risk factors” and all other information set forth in this prospectus before investing in our common stock.

Unless otherwise indicated, all information contained in this prospectus assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase up to              additional common shares to cover over-allotments, if any.

Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus reflects the conversion of all outstanding shares of preferred stock and different classes of our common stock into one class of common stock upon consummation of this offering. See “Description of capital stock.”

Except as otherwise noted, the number of shares of our common stock to be outstanding after this offering excludes shares reserved for future issuance under our former stock option plan. See “Management—Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan” for more information.

 

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Summary financial and other data

The following summary financial data at December 31, 2005 and 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and their related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following summary financial data at December 31, 2004 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for that year, which are not included in this prospectus.

The following summary financial and other data is qualified by reference to and should be read in conjunction with “Capitalization,” “Selected financial and other data,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2004     2005     2006  

Statement of operations data:

      

Net revenues

   $ 12.7     $ 28.2     $ 52.1  

Cost of net revenues

     (2.5 )     (6.1 )     (12.1 )
        

Gross profit

     10.2       22.1       40.0  
        

Operating expenses:

      

Product and technology development

     (1.3 )     (2.2 )     (3.1 )

Sales and marketing

     (9.1 )     (14.7 )     (23.4 )

General and administrative

     (3.1 )     (4.4 )     (8.2 )
        

Total operating expenses

     (13.5 )     (21.3 )     (34.6 )
        

Income (loss) from operations

     (3.3 )     0.8       5.4  
        

Net income (loss)

   $ (2.2 )   $ 2.4     $ 1.1  

 

At December 31,

(in millions, except share data)

   2004     2005     2006  

Balance sheet data:

      

Total assets

   $ 24.1     $ 44.4     $ 53.8  

Total liabilities

     5.1       23.2       30.5  

Mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

     63.1       63.6       64.1  

Total stockholders’ deficit

     (44.1 )     (42.4 )     (40.7 )

Earnings (loss) per share data:

      

Basic net income (loss) available to common stockholders per common share

     (0.21 )     0.05       0.01  

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

           0.05        

Weighted average shares:

      

Basic

     12,739,980       13,065,496       13,149,139  

Diluted

           13,671,359        

 

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Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2004    2005    2006

Other data:

        

Number of confirmed registered users at end of period(1)

     6.5      12.2      18.2

Number of confirmed new registered users during period(2)

     2.5      5.7      6.0

Gross merchandise volume(3)

   $ 299.3    $ 607.7    $ 1,075.1

Number of successful items sold(4)

     5.1      8.4      13.8

Total payment volume(5)

   $ 8.9    $ 38.5    $ 89.0

Capital expenditures

   $ 2.1    $ 2.0    $ 2.4

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 1.1    $ 1.6    $ 2.0

 

(1)   Measure of the cumulative number of users who have registered on the MercadoLibre marketplace and confirmed their registration.

 

(2)   Measure of the number of new users who have registered on the MercadoLibre marketplace and confirmed their registration.

 

(3)   Measure of the total U.S. dollar sum of all transactions completed through the MercadoLibre marketplace, excluding motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate.

 

(4)   Measure of the number of items that were sold through the MercadoLibre marketplace.

 

(5)   Measure of total U.S. dollar sum of all transactions paid for using MercadoPago.

 

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Risk factors

An investment in our common stock involves a high degree of risk. In addition to the other information in this prospectus, you should carefully consider the following risk factors in evaluating us and our business before purchasing our common stock. If any of the risks discussed in this prospectus actually occur, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely affected. If this were to occur, the value of our common stock could decline and you may lose all or part of your investment. In connection with the forward-looking cautionary statements that appear in this prospectus, you should also carefully review the cautionary statement referred to under “Forward-looking statements.”

Risks related to our business

The market for the sale of goods over the Internet is developing in Latin America, and our business depends on the continued growth of online commerce, and the availability and suitability of the Internet in Latin America.

The market for the sale of goods over the Internet is a new and emerging market in Latin America. Our future revenues depend substantially on Latin American consumers’ widespread acceptance and use of the Internet as a way to conduct commerce. Rapid growth in the use of and interest in the Internet (particularly as a way to conduct commerce) is a recent phenomenon, and we cannot assure you that this acceptance and use will continue to exist or develop. For us to grow our user base successfully, consumers who have historically used traditional means of commerce to purchase goods must accept and use new ways of conducting business and exchanging information. Furthermore, the price of personal computers and Internet access may limit our potential growth in countries with low levels of Internet penetration and/or high levels of poverty.

In addition, the Internet may not be commercially viable in Latin America in the long term for a number of reasons, including potentially inadequate development of the necessary network infrastructure or delayed development of enabling technologies, performance improvements and security measures. We cannot assure you that the infrastructure for the Internet will be able to support continued growth in the number of Internet users, their frequency of use or their bandwidth requirements. In addition, the Internet could lose its viability due to delays in telecommunications technological developments, or due to increased government regulation. If telecommunications services change or are not sufficiently available to support the Internet, response times would be slower, which would adversely affect use of the Internet and our service in particular.

Our future success depends on our ability to expand and adapt our operations to meet rapidly changing industry and technology standards in a cost-effective and timely manner, and on the continued market acceptance of our products and services.

We plan to expand our operations by developing and promoting new and complementary services. We cannot assure you that we will be able to expand our operations in a cost-effective or timely manner or that any of our expansion efforts would have the same or greater overall market acceptance as our current services. Furthermore, any new business or service that we launch that is not favorably received by consumers could damage our reputation and diminish the value of our brand name. To expand our operations we will also need to spend significant amounts in development, operations and other resources, and we would place strain on our

 

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management, financial and operational resources. Similarly, a lack of market acceptance of these services or our inability to generate satisfactory revenues from any expanded services to offset their cost could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Internet regulation in the countries where we operate is scarce, and several legal issues related to the Internet are uncertain. We are subject to a number of other laws and regulations, and governments may enact laws or regulations which could adversely affect our business.

Unlike the United States, none of the countries where we operate have specific laws governing the liability of Internet service providers, such as ourselves, for fraud, intellectual property infringement, other illegal activities committed by individual users or third-party infringing content hosted on a provider’s servers. This legal uncertainty allows for different judges or courts to decide very similar claims in different ways and establish contradictory jurisprudence. Certain judges may decide that Internet service providers are liable to an intellectual property owner for a user’s sale of counterfeit items using our platform, while others may decide that the responsibility lies solely with the offending user. This legal uncertainty allows for rulings against us and could set adverse precedents, which individually or in the aggregate could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition. In addition, legal uncertainty may negatively affect our clients’ perception and use of our services.

We are not currently subject to direct government regulation in most of the countries where we operate, other than those regulations applicable to businesses in general. It is not clear how existing laws governing issues such as general commercial activities, property ownership, copyrights and other intellectual property issues, taxation, libel and defamation, obscenity, and personal privacy apply to online businesses. The majority of these laws were adopted before the Internet was available and, as a result, do not contemplate or address the unique issues of the Internet. Due to these areas of legal uncertainty, and the increasing popularity and use of the Internet and other online services, it is possible that new laws and regulations are adopted with respect to the Internet or other online services. These laws and regulations could cover issues such as online commerce, Internet service providers’ responsibility for third party content hosted in their servers, user privacy, freedom of expression, pricing, content and quality of products and services, taxation (including imposition of value added or sales taxes collection obligations), advertising, intellectual property rights, consumer protection and information security. If these laws are enacted they may have negative effects on our business, results of operation and financial condition.

As our activities and the types of goods listed on our website grow, regulatory agencies or courts may argue or rule that we or our users must either obtain licenses or not be allowed to conduct business in their jurisdiction, either with respect to our services in general or only relating to certain items, such as auctions, real estate and motor vehicles. For example, numerous jurisdictions, including Brazil and Argentina, have regulations regarding “auctions” and “auctioneers” and the handling of property by “secondhand dealers” or “pawnbrokers.” Attempted enforcement of these laws against us or our users and other regulatory and licensing claims could result in expensive litigation or could require us to change the way we or our users do business. Any changes in our or our users’ business methods could increase costs or reduce revenues or force us to prohibit listings of certain items for some locations. We could also be subject to fines or other penalties, and any of these outcomes could harm our business.

 

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In addition, because our services are accessible worldwide and we facilitate sales of goods to users worldwide, other foreign jurisdictions may claim that we are required to comply with their laws. As we expand and localize our international activities, we have to comply with the laws of the countries in which we operate. Laws regulating Internet companies outside of the Latin American jurisdictions where we operate may be more restrictive to us than those in Latin America. In order to comply with these laws we may have to change our business practices or restrict our services. We could be subject to penalties ranging from criminal prosecution to bans on our services for failure to comply with foreign laws.

We are subject to laws relating to the use, storage and transfer of personally identifiable information about our users, especially financial information. Several jurisdictions have passed new laws in this area, and other jurisdictions are considering imposing additional restrictions. If we violate these laws, which in many cases apply not only to third-party transactions but also to transfers of information among ourselves, our subsidiaries, and other parties with which we have commercial relations, we could be subject to significant penalties and negative publicity, which would adversely affect us.

Our business is an Internet platform for commercial transactions in which all commercial activity depends on our users and is therefore largely outside of our control.

Our business is dependent on Internet users listing and purchasing their items and services on our Internet platform. Therefore, we depend on the commercial activity, including both sales and purchases, that our users generate. We do not choose which items will be listed, nor do we make pricing or other decisions relating to the products and services bought and sold on our platform. Therefore, the principal drivers of our business are largely outside of our control, and we depend on the continued preference for our platform of millions of individual users.

We could face liability for the sale of regulated and prohibited items, unpaid items or undelivered purchases, and the sale of defective items.

Laws specifying the scope of liability of providers of online services for activities of their users through their service are currently unsettled in the Latin American countries where we operate. Even though we have implemented clear policies that are written into our terms of use that prohibit the sale of certain items on our platform and have implemented programs to monitor and exclude unlawful goods and services, we may be unable to prevent our users from exchanging unlawful goods or services or exchanging goods in an unlawful manner, and we may be subject to allegations of civil or criminal liability for the unlawful activities of these users.

More specifically, we are aware that certain goods, such as alcohol, tobacco, firearms, adult material and other goods that may be subject to regulation by local or national authorities of various jurisdictions have been traded on the MercadoLibre marketplace. As a consequence of these transactions, we have at times been subject to fines in Brazil for certain users’ sale of products that have not been approved by the government. We cannot assure that we will successfully avoid civil or criminal liability for unlawful activities that our users carry out through our service in the future. If we suffer potential liability for any unlawful activities of our users, we may need to implement additional measures to reduce our exposure to this liability, which may require, among other things, that we spend substantial resources and/or discontinue certain service offerings. Any costs that we incur as a result of this liability or asserted liability could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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We believe that government and consumer protection agencies have received a substantial number of complaints about both the MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago. We believe that these complaints are small as a percentage of our total transactions, but they could become large in aggregate numbers over time. In fact, various governmental regulatory agencies have already contacted us from time to time with questions about our operations and may continue to do so. If during these inquiries any of our processes are found to violate laws on consumer protection, or to constitute unfair business practices, we could be subject to an enforcement action, fines or penalties. Such actions or fines could require us to restructure our business processes in ways that would harm our business, and to incur substantial costs.

In addition, our success depends largely upon sellers accurately representing and reliably delivering the listed goods and buyers paying the agreed purchase price. We have received in the past, and anticipate that we will receive in the future, complaints from users who did not receive the purchase price or the goods agreed to be exchanged. While we can suspend the accounts of users who fail to fulfill their delivery obligations to other users, we do not have the ability to require users to make payments or deliver goods sold. We also receive complaints from buyers regarding the quality of the goods purchased or the partial or non-delivery of purchased items. We have tried to reduce our liability to buyers for unfulfilled transactions or other claims related to the quality of the purchased goods by offering a free Buyer Protection program to buyers who meet certain conditions. Although the number of claims that we have paid through this program is not currently significant, and the average claimed transaction size is approximately $77 (excluding motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate), we may in the future receive additional requests from users requesting reimbursement or threatening legal action against us if we do not reimburse them.

Any resulting litigation related to unpaid or undelivered purchases could be expensive for us, divert management’s attention and could result in increased costs of doing business. In addition, any negative publicity generated as a result of the fraudulent or deceptive conduct of our users could damage our reputation and diminish the value of our brand name.

We could potentially face legal and financial liability for the sale of items that infringe on the intellectual property rights of others and for information disseminated on the MercadoLibre marketplace.

Even though we monitor listings on our websites, we are not able to detect every item that may infringe on the intellectual property rights of third parties. As a result, we have received in the past, and anticipate that we will receive in the future, complaints alleging that certain items sold through the MercadoLibre marketplace infringe third-party copyrights, trademarks or other intellectual property rights. Content owners and other intellectual property rights owners have been active in defending their rights against online companies, including us. We have taken steps to work in coordination and cooperation with the intellectual property rights owners to eliminate allegedly infringing items listed in the MercadoLibre marketplace. Our user policy prohibits the sale of goods which may infringe third-party intellectual property rights, and we suspend the account of any user who infringes third-party intellectual property rights. Despite all these measures, an allegation of infringement could result in litigation against us.

Specifically, allegations of infringement of intellectual property rights have already resulted in claims against us from time to time, including litigation in Brazil brought by Cartier International B.V., Montblanc Simplo Gmbh, Richemont International S.A., Puma Sports Ltda., Lacoste do Brasil Indústria e Comércio Ltda., Sporloisirs S.A., Qix Skateboards Indústria e Comércio Ltda, Vintage

 

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Denim Ltda., Editora COC Empreendimentos Culturais Ltda., Barros Fischer e Associados Ltda., Fallms Distribuição de Fitas Ltda. and 100% Nacional Distribuidora de Fitas Ltda. While we have been largely successful to date in settling existing claims by agreeing to monitor the brands and have not paid any damages, the current lack of laws regarding the Internet results in great uncertainty as to the outcome of any future claims. We continue to have outstanding litigation and, although we intend to defend each of these claims, we cannot assure you that we will be successful. This type of litigation is expensive for us, could result in damage awards or increased costs of doing business through adverse judgments or settlements, could require us to change our business practices in expensive ways, or could otherwise harm our business. Litigation against other online companies could result in interpretations of the law that could also require us to change our business practices or otherwise increase our costs.

Additionally, if the public perception were that counterfeit items are commonplace on our site, it could damage our reputation and our business.

It is also possible that third parties could bring claims against online services companies for defamation, libel, invasion of privacy, negligence, or other theories based on the nature and content of the materials disseminated through their services. Other online services companies are facing several private lawsuits for this type of liability. As mentioned previously, the liability of online services companies for content hosted, information carried on or disseminated through their services is currently unclear in the Latin American countries where we operate. This could allow for claims being made against us by purportedly aggrieved third parties. For example, the MercadoLibre service contains a User Feedback feature, which includes reviews and ratings from users regarding the reliability of other users in paying or delivering goods sold in a transaction promptly. Although users generate all the feedback, it is possible that a party could bring a claim for defamation or other injury against us for content posted through the User Feedback feature. If we or other online services providers are held liable or potentially liable for information carried on or disseminated through our services, we may have to implement measures to reduce our exposure to this liability. Any measures we may need to implement may involve spending substantial resources and/or to discontinuing certain services. Any such costs that we incur as a result of liability or asserted liability could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. In addition, attention to liability issues, lawsuits and legislative proposals could impact the growth of Internet use, and subsequently have a negative impact on our business results.

We have only recently achieved profitability in a new and rapidly evolving market, and we cannot assure you that we will continue to be profitable.

We were incorporated in Delaware in October of 1999 and commenced operations in Argentina in August of 1999, in Brazil in October of 1999, in Mexico in November of 1999 and in Uruguay in December of 1999. Our operations in the remaining Latin American countries where we operate have all been launched after January of 2000, including our launch in Costa Rica, Panama and the Dominican Republic as recently as December of 2006. Our net income and cash flow from operations were negative from the time we commenced operations in 1999 until 2004. Accordingly, we have a limited history of profits and positive cash flow operations on which to base an evaluation of our business and prospects. You must consider our prospects in light of the risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties that companies in their early stages of development frequently encounter, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving markets such as online commerce. Because our business has evolved rapidly and we have a limited operating history, and

 

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an even more limited history of profit and positive cash flow, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results are not necessarily meaningful and you should not rely on them as indications of future performance.

Furthermore, as a result of our limited operating history, the emerging nature of the markets in which we compete, the increased variety of services offered on our website and the rapidly evolving nature of our business, it is particularly difficult for us to forecast our revenues or earnings accurately. In addition, we have no backlog and substantially all of our net revenues for each quarter are derived from listing fees, optional feature fees, final value fees, commissions on MercadoPago payments and advertising that are earned during that quarter. Our current and future expense levels are based largely on our investment plans and estimates of future revenues and are, to a large extent, fixed. We may not be able to adjust spending in a timely manner to compensate for any unexpected revenue shortfall. Accordingly, any significant shortfall in revenues relative to our planned expenditures would have an immediate adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

If we continue to grow, we may not be able to appropriately manage the increased size of our business.

We are currently experiencing a period of significant expansion and anticipate that further expansion will be required to address potential growth in our customer base and market opportunities. This expansion has placed, and is expected to continue to place, a significant strain on management, and our operational and financial resources.

We must constantly add new hardware, update software, enhance and improve our billing and transaction systems, and add and train new engineering and other personnel to accommodate the increased use of our website and the new products and features we regularly introduce. This upgrade process is expensive, and the increasing complexity and enhancement of our website results in higher costs. Failure to upgrade our technology, features, transaction processing systems, security infrastructure, or network infrastructure to accommodate increased traffic or transaction volume could harm our business. Adverse consequences could include unanticipated system disruptions, slower response times, degradation in levels of customer support, impaired quality of users’ experiences of our services and delays in reporting accurate financial information.

Our revenues depend on prompt and accurate billing processes. Our failure to grow our transaction-processing capabilities to accommodate the increasing number of transactions that must be billed on our website would harm our business and our ability to collect revenue.

Furthermore, we may need to enter into relationships with various strategic partners, websites and other online service providers and other third parties necessary to our business. The increased complexity of managing multiple commercial relationships could lead to execution problems that can affect current and future revenues, and operating margins.

We cannot assure you that our current and planned systems, procedures and controls, personnel and third party relationships will be adequate to support our future operations. Our failure to manage growth effectively could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Our systems may fail or suffer interruptions due to human acts, technical problems, or natural disasters.

Our success, and in particular our ability to facilitate trades successfully and provide high quality customer service, depends on the efficient and uninterrupted operation of our computer and communications hardware systems. Substantially all of our computer hardware for operating the MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago services is currently located at the facilities of the Savvis Datacenter in Sterling, Virginia, with a redundant database backup in Miami, Florida. These systems and operations are vulnerable to damage or interruption from earthquakes, floods, fires, power loss, computer viruses, telecommunication failures, physical or electronic break-ins, sabotage, intentional acts of vandalism, terrorism, and similar events. If our system suffers a major failure, it would take as much as several days to get the service running again because our Miami database is only a backup with very limited hardware. We also have no formal disaster recovery plan or alternative providers of hosting services and do not carry business interruption insurance to compensate us for losses that may occur. Despite any precautions we have taken and plan to take, if there is a natural disaster or major failure, a decision by our providers to close one of the facilities we use without adequate notice, or other unanticipated problem at the Virginia or Florida facilities, the services we provide could suffer interruptions. We currently have no plans to upgrade the Florida facility capabilities. Additionally, in the occurrence of such pronounced, frequent or persistent system failures, our reputation and name brand could be materially adversely affected.

We are subject to security breaches or other confidential data theft from our systems, which can adversely affect our reputation and business.

A significant risk associated with online commerce and communications is the secure transmission of confidential information over public networks. Currently, a number of MercadoLibre users authorize us to bill their credit card accounts or debit their bank accounts directly, or use MercadoPago for all the transaction fees that we charge. We rely on encryption and authentication technology to provide the security and authentication technology to transmit confidential information securely, including customer credit card numbers and other account information. Advances in computer capabilities, new discoveries in the field of cryptography, or other events or developments may result in a compromise or breach of the technology that we use to protect customer transaction data. If our security were compromised, it could have a material adverse effect on our reputation. We cannot assure you that our security measures will prevent security breaches or that failure to prevent them will not have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We depend on key personnel, the loss of which could have a material adverse effect on us.

Our performance depends substantially on the continued services and on the performance of our senior management and other key personnel. Our ability to retain and motivate these and other officers and employees is fundamental to our performance.

Our ten most senior executive officers have been with us since 2000 or before, providing us with a stable and experienced management team. The loss of the services of any of these executive officers or other key employees could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. We do not have employment agreements with any of our key technical personnel other than our senior executives (whose agreements are for an undetermined period and establish general employment terms and conditions) and maintain no

 

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“key person” life insurance policies. The option grants to most of our senior management and key employees are fully vested. Therefore, these employees may not have sufficient financial incentive to stay with us. Consequently we may have to incur costs to replace key employees who leave and our ability to execute our business model could be impaired if we cannot replace them in a timely manner.

Our future success also depends on our ability to identify, attract, hire, train, retain and motivate other highly skilled technical, managerial, marketing and customer service personnel. Competition for this personnel is intense, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to successfully attract, integrate, train, retain, motivate and manage sufficiently qualified personnel.

Currently our revenues depend substantially on the listing, optional feature and final value fees we charge to sellers and may decrease if market conditions force us to lower such fees or if we fail to diversify our sources of revenue.

Currently our revenues depend primarily on listing, optional feature and final value fees that we charge to our sellers for listing and upon selling their items and services, which together represented 88.4% of our revenues for 2005 and 85.0% for 2006 (the remainder of our revenues consist of advertising revenues and MercadoPago revenues). Our platform depends upon providing access to a large market at a lower cost than other comparable alternatives. If market conditions force us to substantially lower our listing or final value fees or if we fail to continue to attract new buyers and sellers, and if we are unable to effectively diversify and expand our sources of revenue, our profitability, results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

MercadoPago is subject to similar market pressure on the commissions charged for provision of its service.

We are subject to consumer trends and can lose revenue if certain items become less popular.

We derive substantially all of our revenues from fees charged to sellers for listing products for sale on our service, fees charged to sellers who purchase optional features, fees from successfully completed transactions and fees for making payments through MercadoPago. Our future revenues will depend on continued demand for the types of goods that users list on the MercadoLibre marketplace. The popularity of certain categories of items, such as cellular telephones, other electronics, toys, clothing and sporting goods, among consumers may vary over time due to perceived availability, subjective value, and trends of consumers and society in general. A decline in the demand for or popularity of certain items sold through the MercadoLibre marketplace without an increase in demand for different items could reduce the overall volume of transactions on the MercadoLibre service, resulting in reduced revenues. In addition, certain consumer “fads” may temporarily inflate the volume of certain types of items listed on the MercadoLibre marketplace, placing a significant strain on our infrastructure and transaction capacity. These trends may also cause significant fluctuations in our operating results from one quarter to the next.

The success of eBay and other e-commerce companies is not an indication of our future financial performance.

Several companies that operate e-commerce websites, such as eBay, have been successful and profitable in the past. However, we operate in a business environment that is different from eBay’s and other e-commerce companies operating outside of Latin America. These differences

 

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include the smaller size of the national markets, lower Internet adoption rates, lower confidence in remote payment mechanisms and less reliable postal and parcel services. Therefore, you should not interpret the success of any of these companies as indicative of our financial prospects.

We could be subject to liability and forced to change our MercadoPago business practices if we were found to be subject to or in violation of any laws or regulations governing banking, money transmission, or electronic funds transfers in any country where we operate.

A number of jurisdictions where we operate have enacted legislation regulating money transmitters. We believe we do not require a license under the existing statutes of Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile, Colombia and Venezuela to operate MercadoPago with its current agency-based structure. If our operation of MercadoPago were found to be in violation of money services laws or regulations, or engaged in an unauthorized banking business, we could be subject to liability, forced to cease doing business with residents of certain countries, or forced to change our business practices. Any change to our MercadoPago business practices that makes the service less attractive to customers or prohibits its use by residents of a particular jurisdiction could decrease the speed of trade on the MercadoLibre marketplace, which would further harm our business. Even if we are not forced to change our MercadoPago business practices, we could be required to obtain licenses or regulatory approvals that could be very expensive and time consuming, and we cannot assure you that we would be able to obtain these licenses in a timely manner or at all.

MercadoPago is susceptible to illegal uses, and we could potentially face liability for any illegal use of MercadoPago.

MercadoPago, like the MercadoLibre platform, is also susceptible to potentially illegal or improper uses, including, fraudulent and illicit sales, money laundering, bank fraud, and online securities fraud. In addition, MercadoPago’s service could be subject to unauthorized credit card use, identity theft, break-ins to withdraw account balances, employee fraud or other internal security breaches, and we may be required to reimburse customers for any funds stolen as a result of such breaches. Merchants could also request reimbursement, or stop using MercadoPago, if they are affected by buyer fraud.

In addition, MercadoPago may be subject to anti-money laundering laws and regulations that prohibit, among other things, its involvement in transferring the proceeds of criminal activities. Because of different laws and regulations in each jurisdiction where we operate, as we roll-out and adapt MercadoPago in other countries, additional verification and reporting requirements could apply. These regulations could impose significant costs on us and make it more difficult for new customers to join the MercadoPago network. Future regulation (under the USA Patriot Act or otherwise), may require us to learn more about the identity of our MercadoPago customers before opening an account, to obtain additional verification of customers and to monitor our customers’ activities more closely. These requirements, as well as any additional restrictions imposed by credit card associations, could raise our MercadoPago costs significantly and reduce the attractiveness of MercadoPago. Failure to comply with money laundering laws could result in significant criminal and civil lawsuits, penalties, and forfeiture of significant assets.

We incur losses from claims that customers did not authorize a purchase, from buyer fraud and from erroneous transmissions. For 2006, MercadoPago’s transaction loss arising from charge-backs from unrecognized credit card payments totaled $1.2 million, representing 1.3% of MercadoPago’s total payment volume and 15.8% of net revenues of MercadoPago. In addition to

 

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the direct costs of such losses, if they are related to credit card transactions and become excessive they could result in MercadoPago losing the right to accept credit cards for payment. If MercadoPago is unable to accept credit cards, our business will be adversely affected given that credit cards are the most widely used method for funding the MercadoPago accounts. We have taken measures to detect and reduce the risk of fraud on MercadoPago, such as running address verification system (AVS) and card security code (CSC) checks in some countries, asking users to fax extra documentation for higher risk transactions, caps on overall spending per users and data mining to detect potentially fraudulent transactions. However, these measures may not be effective against current and new forms of fraud. If these measures do not succeed, excessive charge-backs may arise in the future and our business will be adversely affected.

Our failure to manage MercadoPago customer funds properly would harm our business.

Our ability to manage and account accurately for MercadoPago customer funds requires a high level of internal controls. We have neither an established operating history nor proven management experience in maintaining, over a long term, these internal controls. As our MercadoPago business continues to grow, we must strengthen our internal controls accordingly. MercadoPago’s success requires significant public confidence in our ability to handle large and growing transaction volumes and amounts of customer funds. Any failure to maintain necessary controls or to properly manage customer funds could severely reduce customer use of MercadoPago.

MercadoPago is a new service that faces competition from other payment methods, and competitors may adversely affect the success of MercadoPago.

MercadoPago competes with existing online and offline payment methods, including, among others, banks and other providers of traditional payment methods, particularly credit cards, checks, money orders, and electronic bank deposits; international online payments services such as Paypal and Google Checkout, and local players such as DineroMail in Argentina and Chile; money remitters such as Western Union; the use of cash, which is often preferred in Latin America; and offline funding alternatives such as cash deposit and money transmission services. Some of these services may operate at lower commission rates than MercadoPago’s current rates.

MercadoPago’s competitors may respond to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements faster and more effectively than us. They may devote greater resources to the development, promotion, and sale of products and services than we do for MercadoPago. Competing services tied to established banks and other financial institutions may offer greater liquidity and create greater consumer confidence in the safety and efficacy of their services than MercadoPago. Established banks and other financial institutions currently offer online payments and those which do not yet provide such a service could quickly and easily develop it.

We are currently in the process of rolling out a new fee scale and structure for MercadoPago, in order to achieve better monetization of transactions. Customers may not like this new structure, which could result in decreased use of MercadoPago and therefore have the opposite effect to the one intended. In addition, the transition to the new system may not be a smooth one. Any of these events would adversely affect our business.

We continue to expand MercadoPago’s services internationally. We have no experience with the online payments business in Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Uruguay, Costa Rica or the Dominican Republic. In order to introduce MercadoPago in some countries we may require a

 

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close commercial relation with one or more local banks. These or other factors may prevent, delay or limit our introduction of MercadoPago in other countries, or reduce its profitability.

We rely on banks or payment processors to fund transactions, and changes to credit card association fees, rules or practices may adversely affect our business.

Because MercadoPago is not a bank, we cannot belong to or directly access credit card associations, such as Visa and MasterCard . As a result, we must rely on banks or payment processors to process the funding of MercadoPago transactions and MercadoLibre marketplace collections, and must pay a fee for this service. From time to time, credit card associations may increase the interchange fees that they charge for each transaction using one of their cards. The credit card processors of MercadoPago and the MercadoLibre marketplace have the right to pass any increases in interchange fees on to us as well as increase their own fees for processing. These increased fees increase the operating costs of MercadoPago, reduce our profit margins from MercadoPago operations and, to a lesser degree, affect the operating margins of the MercadoLibre marketplace.

We are also required by MercadoPago and MercadoLibre´s processors to comply with credit card association operating rules. The credit card associations and their member banks set and interpret the credit card rules. Some of those member banks compete with MercadoPago. Visa , MasterCard , American Express or other credit card companies could adopt new operating rules or re-interpret existing rules that we or MercadoPago’s processors might find difficult or even impossible to follow. As a result, we could lose our ability to give MercadoPago customers the option of using credit cards to fund their payments and MercadoLibre users the option to pay their fees using a credit card. If MercadoPago were unable to accept credit cards, our MercadoPago business would be adversely affected.

We could lose the right to accept credit cards if MasterCard and/or Visa determine that users are using MercadoPago to engage in illegal or “high risk” activities. We must prevent “high risk” merchants from using MercadoPago. We have not incurred fines from MercadoPago’s credit card processor relating to our failure to detect the use of MercadoPago by “high risk” merchants. However, in Brazil, in January of 2006 MasterCard informed us that they could not advance our receivables temporarily due to a high level of cancellations. That decision was reversed in February of the same year.

Changes in MercadoPago’s funding mix could adversely affect MercadoPago’s results.

MercadoPago pays significant transaction fees when senders fund payment transactions using credit cards, PagoMisCuentas and Pago Fácil , nominal fees when customers fund payment transactions from their bank accounts in Brazil and Mexico, and no fees when customers fund payment transactions from an existing MercadoPago account balance. Senders funded approximately 67.0% of MercadoPago’s payment volume using credit cards during 2006 (either in a single payment or in installments), and MercadoPago’s financial success will remain highly sensitive to changes in the rate at which its senders fund payments using credit cards. Senders may prefer credit card funding rather than bank account transfers for a number of reasons, including the ability to pay in installments in Brazil, Mexico and Argentina, the ability to dispute and reverse charges if merchandise is not delivered or is not as described, the ability to earn frequent flyer miles or other incentives offered by credit cards, the ability to defer payment, or a reluctance to provide bank account information to us.

 

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We have no business insurance coverage, which would require us to spend significant resources in the event of a disruption of our services or other contingency.

Insurance companies in Latin America offer limited business insurance products. We do not carry any business liability or disruption insurance coverage for our operations. Any business disruption, litigation, system failure or natural disaster may cause us to incur substantial costs and divert resources, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operation and financial condition.

We may not be able to adequately protect and enforce our intellectual property rights. We could potentially face claims alleging that our technologies infringe the property rights of others.

We regard the protection of our copyrights, service marks, trademarks, domain names, trade dress and trade secrets as critical to our future success and rely on a combination of copyright, trademark, service mark and trade secret laws and contractual restrictions to establish and protect our proprietary rights in our products and services. We have entered into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and certain contractors, and non-disclosure agreements with our employees, and certain suppliers and strategic partners in order to limit access to and disclosure of our proprietary information. We cannot assure you that these contractual arrangements or the other steps that we have taken or will take in the future to protect our intellectual property will prove sufficient to prevent misappropriation of our technology or to deter independent third-parties from developing similar or competing technologies.

We pursue the registration of our trademarks and service marks in each country where we operate, in the United States and in certain other Latin American countries. Effective trademark, service mark, copyright, domain name and trade secret protection may not be available in every country in which our services are made available online. We have licensed in the past, and expect that we may license in the future, certain of our proprietary rights, such as trademarks or copyrighted material, to third parties. While we attempt to ensure that our licensees maintain the quality of the MercadoLibre brand, our licensees may take actions that could materially adversely affect the value of our proprietary rights or reputation, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

To date, we have not been notified that our technology infringes the proprietary rights of third parties, but third parties may claim infringement on our part with respect to past, current or future technologies or features of our services. We expect that participants in our markets will be increasingly subject to infringement claims as the number of services and competitors in the e-commerce segment grows. Any of these claims could have a material adverse effect upon our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Since 2001, eBay has been subject to a lawsuit alleging infringement of patents relating to online consignment auction technology, multiple database searching and electronic consignment systems. In September 2001, MercExchange LLC filed a complaint against eBay and their subsidiaries in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia alleging infringement of three patents (relating to online consignment auction technology, multiple database searching and electronic consignment systems) and seeking a permanent injunction and damages (including treble damages for willful infringement). Following a trial and jury verdict, in August 2003, the court entered judgment for MercExchange in the amount of approximately $30 million plus pre-judgment interest and post-judgment interest, but refused to grant an injunction. eBay

 

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appealed the verdict and judgment in favor of MercExchange, and MercExchange filed a cross-appeal. In May, 2006, following appeals to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit and the U.S. Supreme Court, the Supreme Court ruled that an outright denial of an injunction in a patent case is not appropriate, and remanded the case to the district court for further proceedings. On August 28, 2006, MercExchange renewed its motion for a permanent injunction in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Virginia. Final briefs on such motion were filed in March of 2007.

If eBay is not successful in appealing or modifying the court’s ruling, or in the remanded proceedings, they would likely be forced to pay significant additional damages and licensing fees and/or modify their business practices. An adverse ruling to eBay could potentially subject us to similar successful claims in the future and therefore could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We filed our first three applications to register the name “MercadoLivre” in Brazil with the Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (the National Institute of Industrial Property, or INPI) on October 7, 1999. Editora Livre Mercado Ltda., a publishing company, challenged these three applications based on their trademark “Livre Mercado,” a trade magazine. These challenges are currently pending with INPI. In addition to these processes, Agência Folha de Notícias Ltda., a news company, filed an application to register the name “MercadoLivre” on October 7, 1999, a few hours before we filed our application. We challenged that application. We cannot assure you that we will succeed in obtaining these trademarks or in our challenges to existing or future applications by other parties. If we are not successful, we could face claims by any future trademark owners. Any past or future claims relating to these issues, whether meritorious or not, could cause us to enter into costly royalty and/or licensing agreements. We may also have to modify our brand name in certain countries if any successful demands against us are too expensive. Any of these circumstances could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

From time to time, we are involved in other disputes or regulatory inquiries that arise in the ordinary course of business. The number and significance of these disputes and inquiries are increasing as our business expands and we grow larger. Any claims or regulatory actions against us, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in expensive litigation, require significant amounts of management time, and result in the diversion of significant operational resources.

We may not be able to secure licenses for third party technologies that we rely on.

We also rely on certain technologies that we license from third parties, such as Oracle Corp., SAP AG, and Salesforce.com, the suppliers of key database technology, the operating system and specific hardware components for our services. We cannot assure you that these third-party technology licenses will continue to be available to us on commercially reasonable terms. If we were not able to make use of this technology, we would need to obtain substitute technology that may be of lower quality or performance standards or at greater cost, which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Problems that affect our third-party service providers could potentially adversely affect us as well.

A number of parties provide beneficial services to us or to our users. These services include the hosting of our servers, and the postal and payments infrastructures that allow users to deliver

 

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and pay for the goods and services traded amongst themselves, in addition to paying their MercadoLibre marketplace bills. Financial, regulatory, or other problems that might prevent these companies from providing services to us or our users could reduce the number of listings on our websites or make completing transactions on our websites more difficult, which would harm our business. Any security breach at one of these companies could also affect our customers and harm our business. Although we generally have been able to renew or extend the terms of contractual arrangements with these third party service providers on acceptable terms, we cannot assure you that we will continue to be able to do so in the future.

Complaints from customers or negative publicity about our services can diminish consumer confidence and adversely affect our business.

Because volume and growth in adoption are key factors for our profitability, customer complaints or negative publicity about our customer service could severely diminish consumer confidence in and use of our services. Measures we sometimes take to combat risks of fraud and breaches of privacy and security can damage relations with our customers. To maintain good customer relations, we need prompt and accurate customer service to resolve irregularities and disputes. Effective customer service requires significant personnel expense and investment in developing programs and technology infrastructure to help customer service representatives carry out their functions. These expenses, if not managed properly, could significantly impact our profitability. Failure to manage or train our customer service representatives properly could compromise our ability to handle customer complaints effectively. If we do not handle customer complaints effectively, our reputation may suffer and we may lose our customers’ confidence.

As part of our program to reduce fraud losses in relation to MercadoPago, we make use of MercadoPago anti-fraud models and we may temporarily restrict the ability of customers to withdraw their funds if we identify those funds or the customer’s account activity as suspicious. MercadoPago has not been subject to any significant negative publicity about this, but a few users who were banned from withdrawing funds started legal actions against us. As a result of our efforts to police the use of our services, MercadoPago may receive negative publicity, our ability to attract new MercadoPago customers may be damaged, and we could become subject to litigation. If any of these events happen, current and future revenues could suffer, and our database technology operating margins may decrease. In addition, negative publicity about or experiences with MercadoPago customer support could cause MercadoLibre´s reputation to suffer or affect consumer confidence in the MercadoLibre brand.

We may not realize benefits from recent or future strategic acquisitions of businesses, technologies, services or products despite their costs in cash and dilution to our stockholders.

Although we currently have no understandings, commitments or agreements with respect to any current or future material acquisition, we intend to continue to acquire businesses, technologies, services or products, as we have done in the past with our acquisitions of iBazar, Lokau, and DeRemate, which we believe are strategic if an appropriate opportunity presents itself. We cannot, however, assure that we will be able to identify, negotiate or finance such future acquisitions successfully or at favorable valuation, or to effectively integrate these acquisitions with our current business. The process of integrating an acquired business, technology, service or product into our business may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and expenditures. Moreover, future acquisitions may also generate unforeseen pressures and/or strains on our organizational culture.

 

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Additionally, acquisitions could result in potentially dilutive issuances of equity securities, the incurrence of debt, contingent liabilities and/or amortization expenses related to goodwill and other intangible assets, which could materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. Any future acquisitions of other businesses, technologies, services or products might require us to obtain additional equity or debt financing, which might not be available on favorable terms, or at all. If financing is available, it might cause the dilution of our common stock.

We are subject to seasonal fluctuations in our results of operations.

We believe that our results of operations are somewhat seasonal in nature (as is the case with traditional retailers), with relatively fewer listings and transactions in the first quarters of the year, and increased activity as the year-end shopping season initiates. This seasonality is the result of fewer listings after the Christmas and other holidays and summer vacation periods in our Southern hemisphere markets. To some degree, our historical rapid growth may have overshadowed seasonal or cyclical factors that might have influenced our business to date. Seasonal or cyclical variations in our operations could become more pronounced over time, which could materially adversely affect our quarter to quarter results of operations in the future.

We have spent significant resources to launch and market classified advertisements on the MercadoLibre marketplace, which may not be successful in generating sufficient revenues for us.

In order to address the specific needs of buyers and sellers of motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, real estate and services, we created classified advertisements in the MercadoLibre marketplace. We have spent considerable resources in creating and marketing this space. However, this investment may not be successful in generating additional revenues for us and we may incur losses from offering this service. These losses could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We operate in a highly competitive and evolving market, and therefore face potential reductions in the use of our service.

The market for trading over the Internet is relatively new in Latin America, rapidly evolving and intensely competitive, and we expect competition to become more intense in the future. Barriers to entry are relatively low, and current and new competitors can launch new sites at a relatively low cost using software that is commercially available. We currently or potentially compete with a number of other companies.

Our direct competitors include various online sales and auction services, including DeRemate in Chile and Argentina, MasOportunidades.com in Argentina, and a number of other small services, including those that serve specialty markets. We also compete with business-to-consumer online e-commerce services, such as B2W Inc. in Brazil and with shopping comparison sites, such as Buscapé and Bondfaro, located throughout Latin America. In addition, we compete with online communities that specialize in classified advertisements. We face competition from a number of large online communities and services that have expertise in developing online commerce and facilitating online interaction. Certain of these competitors, including Google, Amazon.com, Microsoft and Yahoo! currently offer a variety of business-to-consumer trading services, searching services and classified advertising services, and certain of these companies may introduce broader online trading to their large user populations. Other large companies with strong brand recognition and experience in online commerce, such as large newspaper or media

 

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companies also compete in the online listing market. We also compete with traditional brick-and-mortar retailers to the extent buyers choose to purchase products in a physical establishment as opposed to on our platform. Any or all of these companies could create competitive pressures, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We no longer have a non-competition arrangement with eBay. If eBay were to compete directly with us by launching a competing platform in Latin America, it would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations and prospects. Similarly, eBay or other larger, well-established and well-financed companies may acquire, invest in or enter into other commercial relationships with competing online trading services. Therefore, some of our competitors and potential competitors may be able to devote greater resources to marketing and promotional campaigns, adopt more aggressive pricing policies and devote substantially more resources to website and systems development than us, which could adversely affect us.

In many cases, companies that directly or indirectly compete with us provide Internet access. These competitors include incumbent telephone companies, cable companies, mobile communications companies and large Internet service providers. Some of these providers may take measures that could degrade, disrupt, or increase the cost of customers’ use of our services. For example, they could restrict or prohibit the use of their lines for our services, filter, block or delay the packets containing the data associated with our products, charge increased fees to us or our users for use of their lines to provide our services, or seek to charge us for our customers’ use of our services or receipt of our e-mails. These activities are technically feasible. Although we have not identified any providers who intend to take these actions, any interference with our services or higher charges for access to the Internet, could cause us to lose existing users, impair our ability to attract new users, limit our potential expansion and harm our revenue and growth.

Risks related to doing business in Latin America

We face the risk of political and economic crises, instability, terrorism, civil strife, expropriation and other risks of doing business in emerging markets .

We conduct our operations in emerging market countries in Latin America. Economic and political developments in these countries, including future economic changes or crises (such as inflation, currency devaluation or recession), government deadlock, political instability, terrorism, civil strife, changes in laws and regulations, expropriation or nationalization of property, and exchange controls could impact our operations or the market value of our common stock and have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

In the past, the performance of the economies of Latin American countries has been affected by each country’s political situation. For example, during its crisis in 2001 and 2002, Argentina experienced social and political turmoil, including civil unrest, riots, looting, protests, strikes and street demonstrations. Government policies to preempt such civil, social and political turmoil affected the Argentine economy. More recently, the Venezuelan and Bolivian administrations have nationalized or announced plans to nationalize certain industries and expropriate certain companies and property, and, in Venezuela, the administration has imposed exchange controls.

Although economic conditions in one country may differ significantly from another country, we cannot assure that events in one country alone will not adversely affect the market value of, or market for, our common stock.

 

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Latin American governments have exercised and continue to exercise significant influence over the economies of the countries where we operate. This involvement, as well as political and economic conditions, could adversely affect our business.

Governments in Latin America frequently intervene in the economies of their respective countries and occasionally make significant changes in policy and regulations. Governmental actions to control inflation and other policies and regulations have often involved, among other measures, price controls, currency devaluations, capital controls and limits on imports. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may be adversely affected by changes in government policies or regulations, including such factors as: exchange rates and exchange control policies; inflation rates; interest rates; tariff and inflation control policies; import duties on information technology equipment; liquidity of domestic capital and lending markets; electricity rationing; tax policies; and other political, diplomatic, social and economic developments in or affecting the countries where we operate. An eventual reduction of foreign investment in any of the countries where we operate may have a negative impact on such country’s economy, affecting interest rates and the ability of companies such as ourselves to access financial markets.

Latin America has experienced adverse economic conditions.

Latin American countries have historically experienced uneven periods of economic growth, as well as recession, periods of high inflation and economic instability. Certain countries have experienced severe economic crises, which may still have future effects. For example, in 2001 Argentina defaulted on its sovereign debt due to severe economic turmoil. In the first half of 2005, Argentina restructured part of this sovereign debt. Certain creditors did not agree to the restructuring. Argentina’s past default and its failure to restructure completely its remaining sovereign debt and fully negotiate with the holdout creditors may prevent Argentina from obtaining favorable terms or interest rates when accessing the international capital markets. Litigation initiated by holdout creditors or other parties may result in material judgments against the Argentine government and could result in attachments of or injunctions relating to assets of Argentina that the government intended for other uses. As a result, the government may not have the financial resources necessary to implement reforms and foster growth, which could have a material adverse effect on the country’s economy. Any of these adverse economic conditions may occur again in the future, which would adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Local currencies used in the conduct of our business are subject to depreciation, volatility and exchange controls.

The currencies of many countries in Latin America, including Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, which together accounted for 87.9% of our revenues for 2006, have experienced substantial depreciation and volatility, particularly against the U.S. dollar, in the past. However, certain currencies have appreciated against the U.S. dollar in recent years. For example, in 2004, 2005 and 2006, the Brazilian real appreciated against the U.S. dollar by 8.1%, 11.7% and 5.0%, respectively. Currency movements, as well as higher interest rates, have materially and adversely affected the economies of many Latin American countries, including countries which account or are expected to account for a significant portion of our revenues. The depreciation of local currencies creates inflationary pressures that may have an adverse effect on us and generally restricts access to the international capital markets. For example, the devaluation of the Argentine peso has had a negative impact on the ability of Argentine businesses to honor their

 

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foreign currency denominated debt, led to very high inflation initially, significantly reduced real wages, had a negative impact on businesses whose success is dependent on domestic market demand, and adversely affected the government’s ability to honor its foreign debt obligations. On the other hand, the appreciation of local currencies against the U.S. dollar may lead to the deterioration of the public accounts and balance of payments of the countries where we operate, as well as to a lower economic growth related to exports.

We may be subject to exchange control regulations which might restrict our ability to convert local currencies into U.S. dollars. For example, in 2001 and 2002, Argentina imposed exchange controls and transfer restrictions substantially limiting the ability of companies to retain foreign currency or make payments abroad. These restrictions have been substantially eased, including those requiring the Central Bank’s prior authorization for the transfer of funds abroad in order to pay principal and interest on debt obligations. In addition, Brazilian law provides that whenever there is a serious imbalance in Brazil’s balance of payments or reason to foresee a serious imbalance, the Brazilian government may impose temporary restrictions on the remittance to foreign investors of the proceeds of their investments in Brazil. Currently, Venezuela has certain exchange control regulations in place that restrict our ability to convert local currency into U.S. dollars. Any additional imposition of exchange controls could adversely affect our company.

Our reporting currency is the U.S. dollar but our revenues are paid in foreign currencies. Therefore, if the U.S. dollar strengthens relative to these foreign currencies (i.e. the foreign currencies devaluate against the U.S. dollar), the economic value of our revenues in U.S. dollar terms will decline.

We are subject to increased risks relating to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations. Because we conduct our business outside the United States and receive almost all of our revenues in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, but report our results in U.S. dollars, we face exposure to adverse movements in currency exchange rates. The currencies of certain countries where we operate, including most notably Brazil, Argentina and Mexico, have historically experienced significant devaluations. The results of operations in the countries where we operate are exposed to foreign exchange rate fluctuations as the financial results of the applicable subsidiaries are translated from the local currency into U.S. dollars upon consolidation. If the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, as occurred in 2004, 2005 and 2006, the translation of these foreign-currency-denominated transactions will result in increased net revenues, operating expenses, and net income. Similarly, our net revenues, operating expenses, and net income will decrease if the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign currencies. In 2006, 59.1% of our revenues were denominated in Brazilian reais, 15.1% in Argentine pesos and 13.8% in Mexican pesos. The foreign currency exchange rates in 2006 relative to 2005 resulted in higher net revenues of approximately $2.7 million and an increase in aggregate cost of net revenues and operating expenses of approximately $1.6 million. While we have entered in the past into transactions to hedge portions of our foreign currency translation exposure, these are expensive, and in addition it is impossible to perfectly predict or completely eliminate the effects of this exposure.

Inflation and certain government measures to curb inflation may have adverse effects on the economies of the countries where we operate, our business and our operations .

Most Latin American countries have historically experienced high rates of inflation. Inflation and some measures implemented to curb inflation have had significant negative effects on the economies of Latin American countries. Governmental actions taken in an effort to curb inflation, coupled with speculation about possible future actions, have contributed to economic

 

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uncertainty over the years in most Latin American countries. The Latin American countries where we operate may experience high levels of inflation in the future that could lead to further government intervention in the economy, including the introduction of government policies that could adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, if any of these countries experience high rates of inflation, we may not be able to adjust the price of our services sufficiently to offset the effects of inflation on our cost structures. A return to a high inflation environment would also have negative effects on the level of economic activity and employment and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

Developments in other markets may affect the Latin American countries where we operate, our financial condition and results of operations.

The market value of securities of companies such as ourselves, may be, to varying degrees, affected by economic and market conditions in other global markets. Although economic conditions vary from country to country, investors’ perception of the events occurring in one country may substantially affect capital flows into and securities from issuers in other countries, including Latin American countries. Various Latin American economies have been adversely impacted by the political and economic events that occurred in several emerging economies in recent times, including Mexico in 1994, the collapse of several Asian economies between 1997 and 1998, the economic crisis in Russia in 1998, the Brazilian devaluations in January of 1999 and in 2002, the Argentine crisis of 2001 and the market decline after September 11, 2001. Furthermore, Latin American economies may be affected by events in developed economies which are trading partners or that impact the global economy.

Developments of a similar magnitude to the international markets in the future can be expected to adversely affect the economies of Latin American countries and therefore us.

E-commerce transactions in Latin America may be impeded by the lack of secure payment methods.

Unlike in the United States, consumers and merchants in Latin America can be held fully liable for credit card and other losses due to third-party fraud. As secure methods of payment for e-commerce transactions have not been widely adopted in Latin America, both consumers and merchants generally have a relatively low confidence level in the integrity of e-commerce transactions. In addition, many banks and other financial institutions have generally been reluctant to give merchants the right to process online transactions due to these concerns about credit card fraud. Unless consumer fraud laws in Latin American countries are modified to protect e-commerce merchants and consumers, and until secure, integrated online payment processing methods are fully implemented across the region, our ability to generate revenues from e-commerce may be limited, which could have a material adverse effect on our company.

Risks related to the offering and to our shares

There has been no prior market for our common stock, and an active trading market for our common stock may not develop.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common stock, and we cannot assure you that an active public market will develop or be sustained after this offering or that investors will be able to sell the common stock should they desire to do so. We will negotiate with the representative of the underwriters to determine the initial public offering price, and it may bear no relationship to the price at which the common stock will trade upon completion of this offering.

 

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The price of our shares may fluctuate substantially, and your investment may decline in value.

The trading price of our common stock is likely to be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors, many of which are beyond our control, including those described above under “—Risks related to our business.”

Further, the stock markets in general, and the Nasdaq Global Market and the market for Internet-related and technology companies in particular, have experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations that have often been unrelated or disproportionate to the operating performance of these companies. We cannot assure you that trading prices and valuations will be sustained. These broad market and industry factors may materially and adversely affect the market price of our common stock, regardless of our operating performance. Market fluctuations, as well as general political and economic conditions in the countries where we operate, such as recession or currency exchange rate fluctuations, may also adversely affect the market price of our common stock. In the past, following periods of volatility in the market price of a company’s securities, that company is often subject to securities class-action litigation. This kind of litigation could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management’s attention and resources, which would have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

We will continue to be significantly influenced by a group of stockholders that will control a significant percentage of our common shares.

At March 31, 2007, the Nedasur group, J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P. and eBay, owned 18.2%, 14.8% and 19.5% of our stock, respectively. Immediately after completion of this offering, these stockholders will, directly or indirectly, own or control shares representing, in the aggregate,         % of our common stock (or         % of our common stock if the underwriters’ over-allotment options are exercised). Although the stockholders agreement to which they are a party will terminate upon the closing of this offering, we cannot assure you that they will not enter into one in the future. These stockholders will retain the power to influence the outcome of important corporate decisions or matters submitted to a vote of our stockholders. The interests of these stockholders may conflict with, or differ from, the interests of other holders of our common shares. For example, these stockholders could cause us to make acquisitions that increase the amount of our indebtedness or outstanding shares of common stock or sell revenue-generating assets. They may also pursue acquisition opportunities that may be complementary to our business, and as a result, those acquisition opportunities may not be available to us. So long as these stockholders continue to own a substantial number of shares of our common stock, they will significantly influence all our corporate decisions.

Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and Delaware law could inhibit others from acquiring us, prevent a change of control, and may prevent efforts by our stockholders to change our management.

Certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by-laws, to be effective immediately before this offering, may inhibit a change of control that our board of directors does not approve or changes in the composition of our board of directors, which could result in the entrenchment of current management. These provisions include:

 

 

advance notice requirements for stockholder proposals and director nominations;

 

 

a staggered board of directors;

 

 

limitations on the ability of stockholders to remove directors other than for cause;

 

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limitations on the ability of stockholders to own and/or exercise voting power over 20% of our common stock;

 

 

limitations on the ability of stockholders to amend, alter or repeal our by-laws;

 

 

the inability of stockholders to act by written consent;

 

 

the authority of the board of directors to adopt a stockholder rights plan;

 

 

the authority of the board of directors to issue, without stockholder approval, preferred stock with any terms that the board of directors determines and additional shares of our common stock; and

 

 

limitations on the ability of certain stockholders to enter into certain business combinations with us, as provided under Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law.

These provisions of our certificate of incorporation and by-laws may delay, defer or prevent a transaction or a change in control that might otherwise be in the best interests of our stockholders. See “Description of capital stock” for more information.

We may require additional capital after the offering, and this additional capital may not be available on acceptable terms or at all.

We currently anticipate that the net proceeds of this offering, together with our available funds, will be sufficient to meet our anticipated needs for working capital, capital expenditures and business expansion through at least the next twelve months. After that time, we may need to raise additional funds. We may need to raise additional funds sooner in order to fund more rapid expansion (organically or through strategic acquisitions), to develop new or enhanced services or products, to respond to competitive pressures or to acquire complementary products, businesses or technologies. If we raise additional funds through the issuance of equity or convertible debt securities, the percentage ownership of our stockholders will be reduced, stockholders may experience additional dilution and the securities that we issue may have rights, preferences and privileges senior to those of our common stock. We cannot assure you that additional financing will be available on terms favorable to us or at all. If adequate funds are not available or are not available on acceptable terms, we may not be able to fund our expansion, take advantage of unanticipated acquisition opportunities, develop or enhance services or products or respond to competitive pressures. These inabilities could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Shares eligible for future sale may cause the market price of our common stock to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.

The market price of our common stock could decline as a result of sales of a large number of shares of our common stock in the market after this offering or the perception that these sales could occur. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and at a price that we deem appropriate.

After the consummation of this offering, there will be              shares of our common stock outstanding. The              shares of common stock sold in this offering (              shares if the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full) will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, by persons other than our affiliates within the meaning of Rule 144 under the Securities Act.

 

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Certain selling stockholders or entities controlled by them or their permitted transferees will, subject to the lock-up agreements described below, be able to sell their shares in the public market from time to time without registering them, subject to certain limitations on the timing, amount and method of those sales imposed by regulations promulgated by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC. Holders of restricted stock will also have the right to cause us to register the sale of shares of common stock beneficially owned by them. In addition, certain selling stockholders on the closing date will have the right to include shares of common stock beneficially owned by them in certain future registration statements relating to our securities. If any of these selling stockholders, the affiliated entities controlled by them or their respective permitted transferees were to sell a large number of their shares, the market price of our common stock could decline significantly. In addition, the perception in the public markets that sales by them might occur could also adversely affect the market price of our common stock.

We, the selling stockholders, our directors and our executive officers have agreed to lock-up agreements that restrict us, these stockholders and our directors and executive officers, subject to specified exceptions, from selling or otherwise disposing of any shares for a minimum period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus without the prior consent of JPMorgan and Merrill Lynch on behalf of the underwriters. Although there is no present intention to do so, the underwriters may, in their sole discretion and without notice, release all or any portion of the shares from the restrictions in any of the lock-up agreements described above. In addition, these lock-up agreements are subject to the exceptions described in “Underwriting.”

Also, in the future, we may issue securities in connection with investments and acquisitions. The amount of our common stock issued in connection with an investment or acquisition could constitute a material portion of our then outstanding common stock.

It is unlikely that we will declare any dividends on our capital stock.

We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Instead, we intend to retain earnings, if any, for future operations and expansion and debt repayments. In addition, the terms of certain of our credit agreements prohibit the payment of cash dividends on our capital stock. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of the board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

As a new investor, you will experience substantial and immediate dilution in the net tangible book value per share of your shares.

The initial public offering price of our common stock is substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of our outstanding common stock. Accordingly, investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering will pay a price per share that substantially exceeds the value of our tangible assets after subtracting liabilities. See “Dilution” for more information.

Requirements associated with being a public company will require significant company resources and management attention.

After completion of this offering, we will become subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, and the other rules and regulations of the SEC and the Nasdaq Global Market. We will also be subject to various other

 

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regulatory requirements, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we evaluate and determine the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting by December 31, 2008. If we or our independent registered public accounting firm determine that we have a material weakness or significant deficiency in our internal control over financial reporting, we may not detect errors on a timely basis and our financial statements may be materially misstated. As a result, our stockholders could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could harm the trading price of our stock. In addition, upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to the rules of The Nasdaq Global Market. We expect the rules and regulations to increase our legal and financial compliance costs and to make some activities more time-consuming and costly.

We intend to take advantage of certain “grace periods” for newly public companies under certain of the new SEC and Nasdaq Global Market rules and regulations, which grace periods will provide us a short period of time after we become a public company before we are required to be in full compliance with these rules and regulations. Our ability to satisfy the various requirements before the expiration of the applicable grace periods will depend largely on our ability to attract and retain qualified independent members of our board of directors, particularly to serve on our audit committee, which may be more difficult in light of these new rules and regulations. If we fail to satisfy the various requirements before the expiration of the applicable grace periods, our common stock may be delisted from the Nasdaq Global Market, which would cause a decline in the trading price of our common stock and impair the ability of the holders of our common stock to sell and buy our common stock in a public market.

It may be difficult to enforce judgments against us in U.S. courts.

Although we are a Delaware corporation, our subsidiaries and most of our assets are located outside of the United States. Furthermore, most of our directors and officers and some experts named in this prospectus reside outside the United States. As a result, you may not be able to enforce against us or our directors or officers in U.S. courts judgments based on the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities laws. It is unclear if original actions of civil liabilities based solely upon U.S. federal securities laws are enforceable in courts outside the United States. It is equally unclear if judgments entered by U.S. courts based on the civil liability provisions of U.S. federal securities laws are enforceable in courts outside the United States. Any enforcement action in a court outside the United States will be subject to compliance with procedural requirements under applicable local law, including the condition that the judgment does not violate the public policy of the applicable jurisdiction.

 

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Forward-looking statements

Any statements contained in this prospectus that are not statements of historical fact, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements and should be evaluated as such. The words “anticipate,” “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” “target,” “project,” “should,” “may,” “could,” “will” and similar words and expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These forward-looking statements are contained throughout this prospectus, for example in “Prospectus summary,” “Risk factors,” “Dividend policy,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” and “Business.” Forward-looking statements generally relate to information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations, business strategies, financing plans, competitive position, industry environment, potential growth opportunities, the effects of future regulation and the effects of competition. Such forward-looking statements reflect, among other things, our current expectations, plans, projections and strategies, anticipated financial results, future events and financial trends affecting our business, all of which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and important factors in addition to those discussed elsewhere in this prospectus that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by these forward-looking statements, including, among other things:

 

 

continued growth of online commerce and Internet usage in Latin America;

 

 

our ability to expand our operations and adapt to rapidly changing technologies;

 

 

government regulation;

 

 

litigation and legal liability;

 

 

system interruptions or failures;

 

 

our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;

 

 

consumer trends;

 

 

security breaches and illegal uses of our services;

 

 

competition;

 

 

reliance on third-party service providers;

 

 

enforcement of intellectual property rights;

 

 

our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers and increase revenues;

 

 

seasonal fluctuations; and

 

 

political, social and economic conditions in Latin America.

Many of these risks are beyond our ability to control or predict. All forward-looking statements attributable to us or persons acting on our behalf are expressly qualified in their entirety by the cautionary statements contained throughout this prospectus. Because of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. Furthermore, forward-looking statements speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake any obligation to update or review any forward-looking information, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

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Use of proceeds

We expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $             million from our sale of              shares of common stock at an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses payable by us. A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $             per share would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by $             million, assuming the number of shares that we offer, as set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, remains the same, and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expense.

We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the common stock by the selling stockholders.

We intend to use $9.1 million of our net proceeds from this offering to repay the total outstanding principal amount and accrued interest, as required under the Loan and Security Agreement, dated November 2, 2005, between us and eBay. The interest rate on the loan is 7.0% per year on the basis of a 360-day year, with an additional 3.0% interest if we are in default. The borrowings under the loan mature 15 days after we receive the proceeds of an issuance of equity securities, such as this offering. We expect to use our remaining net proceeds for general corporate purposes, including working capital. In particular, we may acquire or invest in businesses, technologies or products that are complementary to our business. Although we have no acquisitions pending, we regularly evaluate acquisition opportunities consistent with these strategic goals. Pending these uses, we intend to invest our net proceeds from this offering in short-term, interest-bearing, investment-grade securities. We will have significant discretion as to the use of the net proceeds from this offering.

Dividend policy

We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Instead, we intend to retain earnings, if any, for future operations and expansion and debt repayments. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant. For example, the terms of the agreement governing our loan with eBay imposes restrictions on our ability to declare dividends on our capital stock in an event of default. This agreement will terminate upon payment in full of the outstanding principal amount of the loan and accrued interest, which we expect to pay with the net proceeds of this offering. Currently, we do not expect incurring any additional material debt.

 

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Capitalization

The following table sets forth our current debt and capitalization at December 31, 2006:

(i) on an actual basis; and

(ii) on a pro forma, as adjusted basis to give effect to (a) the conversion of all of our outstanding shares of preferred stock and different classes of common stock into shares of one class of common stock upon the closing of this offering (see “Description of capital stock”), (b) our sale of              shares of common stock in this offering at an assumed offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range per share of common stock set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses, and (c) application of the net proceeds as described in “Use of proceeds.”

You should read this table in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

December 31, 2006

(in millions)

   Actual     Pro forma as
adjusted

Debt, current portion

   $ 0.1     $             

Debt, long-term portion

     9.0    
      

Total debt

     9.1    

Mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

     64.1    

Stockholders’ deficit:

    

Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 108,800,000 shares authorized; 13,166,982 shares issued and outstanding, at December 31, 2006;              shares issued and outstanding, as adjusted

     0.1    

Additional paid-in capital

     2.7    

Accumulated deficit

     (44.1 )  

Accumulated other comprehensive income

     0.5    
      

Total stockholders’ deficit

     (40.7 )  
      

Total capitalization(1)

   $ 32.3        

 

(1)   Total capitalization includes total long-term debt (excluding current portion) plus mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock and shareholders’ deficit.

 

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Dilution

If you invest in our common stock, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per share of our common stock and the net tangible book value per share of our common stock upon completion of this offering.

Our net tangible book value at December 31, 2006 was a deficit of $62.1 million, or $(4.7) per share, based on the number of shares of common stock outstanding at December 31, 2006. Net tangible book value per share of common stock is equal to our total tangible assets less total liabilities and mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock, divided by the number of outstanding shares of common stock at December 31, 2006. After giving effect to the receipt of the estimated net proceeds from the sale of the shares of common stock offered by us in this offering (based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range per share of common stock set forth on the cover of this prospectus, and after deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses), our net tangible book value at December 31, 2006 would have been approximately $             million, or $             per share. This represents an immediate increase in net tangible book value of $             per share to existing stockholders and an immediate dilution of $             per share to new investors purchasing shares at the initial public offering price. The following table illustrates the per share dilution:

 

Assumed initial public offering price per share

   $                 $             

Net tangible book value per share at December 31, 2006

     

Increase per share attributable to new investors

     

Net tangible book value per share after the offering

     

Dilution per share to new investors

   $      $  

The following table summarizes at December 31, 2006, on an adjusted basis, the number of shares of common stock purchased from us, the total consideration paid to us and the average price per share paid by existing stockholders and by investors purchasing shares of common stock in this offering (before deducting the estimated underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses) based upon an assumed initial public offering price of $             per share, which is the midpoint of the price range per share of common stock set forth on the cover of this prospectus, after giving effect to the conversion of all outstanding shares of preferred stock and different classes of common stock into shares of one class of common stock and before deducting the underwriting discount and estimated offering expenses:

 

      Shares purchased    Total consideration    Average
price per
share
    Number    Percent    Amount    Percent   
 

Existing stockholders

     %    $             %    $         

New investors

             
   

Total

       100%    $      100%       

The foregoing discussion and tables assume no exercise of any stock options outstanding. At December 31, 2006, there were options outstanding to purchase a total of 633,331 shares of common stock with a weighted average exercise price of $0.33 per share. To the extent that any of these options are exercised, there will be further dilution to new public investors. See “Capitalization,” “Management—Benefit plans” and note 11 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements.

 

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Selected financial and other data

The following summary financial data at December 31, 2005 and 2006 and for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and their related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The following selected financial data at December 31, 2002, 2003 and 2004, and for the years ended December 31, 2002 and 2003 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements for those years, which are not included in this prospectus.

Separate audited combined statements of operations, changes in net investment and cash flows of the acquired business (certain operations of DeRemate.com, Inc.) for the period from January 1, 2005 to October 31, 2005 is included elsewhere in this prospectus in compliance with Rule 3-05 of Regulation S-X.

The following summary financial and other data is qualified by reference to and should be read in conjunction with “Capitalization,” “Summary financial and other data,” “Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations” and our consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2002     2003     2004     2005     2006  
   

Statement of operations data :

          

Net revenues

   $ 1.7     $ 5.6     $ 12.7     $ 28.2     $ 52.1  

Cost of net revenues

     (0.7 )     (1.1 )     (2.5 )     (6.1 )     (12.1 )
        

Gross profit

     1.0       4.5       10.2       22.1       40.0  
        

Operating expenses:

          

Product and technology development

     (0.7 )     (1.0 )     (1.3 )     (2.2 )     (3.1 )

Sales and marketing

     (2.3 )     (4.9 )     (9.1 )     (14.7 )     (23.4 )

General and administrative

     (1.0 )     (2.1 )     (3.1 )     (4.4 )     (8.2 )
        

Total operating expenses

     (4.0 )     (8.0 )     (13.5 )     (21.3 )     (34.6 )
        

Income (loss) from operations

     (2.9 )     (3.5 )     (3.3 )     0.8       5.4  

Other income (expenses):

          

Interest income

     0.3       0.2       1.2       0.4       0.5  

Interest expense and other financial charges

           (0.1 )     (0.3 )     (0.5 )     (1.7 )

Foreign currency loss (gain)

     (0.1 )     0.2       0.2       0.3       (0.4 )

Other expenses, net

                       (0.3 )     (1.5 )
        

Net income (loss) before income and asset tax and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

     (2.7 )     (3.2 )     (2.2 )     0.7       2.3  
        

Income and asset tax (expense) benefit

                       1.4       (1.2 )
        

Net income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle and gain from discontinued operations

     (2.7 )     (3.2 )     (2.2 )     2.0       1.1  
        

Gain from discontinued operations

     0.2                          
        

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

                       0.3        

Net income (loss)

     (2.5 )     (3.2 )     (2.2 )     2.4       1.1  

Accretion of preferred stock

     (0.5 )     (0.5 )     (0.5 )     (0.5 )     (0.5 )

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   $ (3.0 )   $ (3.7 )   $ (2.7 )   $ 1.9     $ 0.6  

 

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At December 31

(in millions, except share data)

   2002     2003     2004     2005     2006  

Balance sheet data:

          

Total assets

   $ 27.3     $ 24.1     $ 24.1     $ 44.4     $ 53.8  

Total liabilities

     1.9       2.4       5.1       23.2       30.5  

Net assets

     25.4       21.7       19.0       21.2       23.3  

Mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

     62.1       62.6       63.1       63.6       64.1  

Common stock

     0.1       0.1       0.1       0.1       0.1  

Stockholders’ deficit

   $ (36.8 )   $ (40.9 )   $ (44.1 )   $ (42.4 )   $ (40.7 )

Earnings (loss) per share data:

          

Basic net income (loss) available to common stockholders per common share

   $ (0.31 )   $ (0.36 )   $ (0.21 )   $ 0.05     $ 0.01  

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

                     $ 0.05        

Weighted average shares:

          

Basic

     9,771,865       10,284,622       12,739,980       13,065,496       13,149,139  

Diluted

                       13,671,359        

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2002    2003    2004    2005    2006

Other data:

              

Number of confirmed registered users at end of period(1)

     2.5      4.0      6.5      12.2      18.2

Number of confirmed new registered users during period(2)

     1.3      1.5      2.5      5.7      6.0

Gross merchandise volume(3)

   $ 55.4    $ 169.3    $ 299.3    $ 607.7    $ 1,075.1

Number of successful items sold(4)

     1.4      3.2      5.1      8.4      13.8

Total payment volume(5)

        $ 0.1    $ 8.9    $ 38.5    $ 89.0

Capital expenditures

   $ 0.5    $ 0.9    $ 2.1    $ 2.0    $ 2.4

Depreciation and amortization

   $ 0.6    $ 0.8    $ 1.1    $ 1.6    $ 2.0

 

(1)   Measure of the cumulative number of users who have registered on the MercadoLibre marketplace and confirmed their registration.

 

(2)   Measure of the number of new users who have registered on the MercadoLibre marketplace and confirmed their registration.

 

(3)   Measure of the total U.S. dollar sum of all transactions completed through the MercadoLibre marketplace, excluding motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate.

 

(4)   Measure of the number of items that were sold/purchased through the MercadoLibre marketplace.

 

(5)   Measure of total U.S. dollar sum of all transactions paid for using MercadoPago.

 

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Management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations

You should read the following discussion and analysis of the financial condition and results of our operations in conjunction with our “Selected financial and other data” and the consolidated financial statements and the notes to those statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements reflecting our current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ materially from those contained in these forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those discussed in the section entitled “Risk factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations has been organized to present the following:

 

 

a brief overview of our company;

 

 

a review of our financial presentation and accounting policies, including our critical accounting policies;

 

 

a discussion of our principal trends and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006;

 

 

a discussion of principal factors that influence our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity;

 

 

a discussion of our liquidity and capital resources, a discussion of our capital expenditures and a description of our contractual commitments; and

 

 

a discussion of the market risks that we face.

Overview

We host the largest online trading platform in Latin America focused on enabling e-commerce and its related services. Our services are designed to provide our users with mechanisms to buy, sell, pay for and collect on e-commerce transactions effectively and efficiently. With a market of over 550 million people and a region with one of the fastest-growing Internet penetration rates, we provide buyers and sellers with a robust online trading environment that fosters the development of a large and growing e-commerce community. We offer a technological and commercial solution that addresses the distinctive cultural and geographic challenges of operating an online trading platform in Latin America.

We were incorporated in Delaware in October of 1999 and introduced websites in Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Colombia, Chile, Uruguay and Venezuela by April of 2000. In order to build a critical mass of customers, we initially offered our services free of charge in all of these markets.

For 2000, our gross merchandise volume reached $19.8 million. In March 2001, we obtained significant financing and later that same year launched a new version of our site and brand and launched our operations in Ecuador. Our gross merchandise volume for the year ending December 31, 2001 grew to $21.3 million. Our gross merchandise volume reached $55.4 million for 2002, $169.3 million for 2003 and $299.3 million for 2004. In 2005, we acquired certain operations of DeRemate.com, Inc. and our gross merchandise volume reached $607.7 million.

 

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During 2006 we launched sites in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and Panama, and our gross merchandise volume reached $1,075.1 million for the full year.

We offer our users two principal services:

 

 

The MercadoLibre marketplace :    The MercadoLibre marketplace is a fully-automated, topically-arranged and user-friendly online trading service. This service permits both businesses and individuals to list items and conduct their sales and purchases online in either a fixed-price or auction-based format. Additionally, through online classified advertisements, our registered users can also list and purchase motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, real estate and services. Any Internet user can browse through the various products and services that are listed on our website and register with MercadoLibre to list, bid for and purchase items and services.

 

 

The MercadoPago online payments solution :    To complement the MercadoLibre marketplace, we developed MercadoPago, an integrated online payments solution. MercadoPago is designed to facilitate transactions on the MercadoLibre marketplace by providing a mechanism that allows our users to securely, easily and promptly send and receive payments online.

During 2006, visitors to our website were able to browse an average of over 2.5 million total listings per month, organized by country, in over 2,000 different product categories. We believe that we have achieved a critical mass of active buyers, sellers and product listings in most of the countries where we operate and that our business can be readily scaled to handle increases in our user base and transaction volume. At December 31, 2006, we had 18.2 million confirmed registered MercadoLibre users. For 2006, we had 1.7 million unique sellers, 4.4 million unique buyers and 13.8 million successful items sold.

For 2006, our annual net revenues were $52.1 million. Of those $52.1 million in revenues approximately 85.9% were attributable to MercadoLibre marketplace listing, optional feature, final value and advertisement fees. The remaining 14.1% of revenues were attributable to MercadoPago fees.

Description of line items

Net revenues

We recognize revenues in each of our reporting segments. The MercadoLibre marketplace segments include Brazil, Argentina, Mexico and Other countries (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela). The MercadoPago segment includes our regional payments platform consisting of our MercadoPago business.

We generate revenues from the MercadoLibre marketplace segment from:

 

 

listing fees;

 

 

optional feature fees;

 

 

final value fees; and

 

 

online advertising.

The MercadoLibre marketplace business generated 95.8% of our net revenues for 2004, 88.8% for 2005 and 85.9% for 2006. Of these revenues, during the year 2006, 57.2% were generated in Brazil, 15.7% in Argentina, 13.9% in Mexico, and the remainder, or 13.3%, in Venezuela, Colombia, Chile, Peru, Ecuador and Uruguay. The breakdown for these marketplace revenues by type of fee for 2006 was 29.9% listing fees, 28.3% optional feature fees, 40.7% final value fees and 1.1% sale of advertising.

 

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The table below sets forth the percentage of consolidated net revenues by country from our MercadoLibre marketplace:

 

Year ended December 31,    2004    2005    2006

% of total MercadoLibre marketplace net revenues

        

Brazil

   60.2%    61.2%    57.2%

Argentina

   22.3    18.7    15.7

Mexico

   8.8    11.1    13.9

Other

   8.7%    9.0%    13.3%

We generate revenues from our MercadoPago payments segment by charging buyers that use MercadoPago an average commission of approximately 8.0% of the sales price of a listed item which we recognize once the transaction is completed.

Revenues generated by our MercadoPago business represented 4.2% of our total revenues for 2004, 11.2% for 2005 and 14.1% for 2006. These revenues were attributable to commissions charged to buyers for the use of MercadoPago.

We have a highly fragmented revenue base of customers given the large numbers of sellers and buyers who use our platforms. For 2004, 2005 and 2006, no single customer accounted for more than 1.0% of our net revenues in our MercadoLibre marketplace business or our MercadoPago payments business.

Our MercadoLibre marketplace is available in 12 countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela), and MercadoPago is available in four countries (Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela). The functional currency in each country’s operations is the local currency. Therefore, our net revenues are generated in multiple foreign currencies and then translated into U.S. dollars at the average monthly exchange rate.

The table below sets forth the percentage of consolidated net revenues by country from both our MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago businesses.

 

Year ended December 31,    2004    2005    2006

% of total consolidated net revenues

        

Brazil

   60.4%    61.9%    59.1%

Argentina

   22.4    18.2    15.1

Mexico

   8.8    11.6    13.8

Other

   8.3%    8.3%    12.1%

Our subsidiaries in Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela and Colombia are subject to certain taxes on revenues which are classified as costs of net revenues. These taxes represented 5.6% of net revenues in 2006.

Cost of net revenues

Cost of net revenues primarily represents bank and credit card processing charges for transactions and fees paid with credit cards and other payment methods, certain taxes on revenues, compensation for customer support personnel, ISP connectivity charges, and hosting and site operations fees.

 

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Product and technology development

Our product and technology development related expenses consist primarily of depreciation and amortization costs related to product and technology development, compensation for our engineering and web-development staff, telecommunications costs and payments to third-party suppliers who provide technology maintenance services to our company.

Sales and marketing

Our sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of marketing costs for our platforms through online and offline advertising, bad debt charges, the salaries of employees involved in these activities, public relations costs, promotional activities for our users and depreciation and amortization costs.

We carry out the vast majority of our marketing efforts on the Internet, where we invest in deals with portals, search engines and other sites in order to attract Internet users to the MercadoLibre marketplace and turn them into confirmed registered users and active traders on our platform. Additionally, we invest a portion of our marketing budget on cable television advertising, in order to improve our brand awareness and to complement our online efforts.

We also work intensively on attracting, developing and growing sellers through our supply efforts. We have dedicated professionals in most of our operations that work with sellers, through trade show participation, seminars and meetings to provide them with important tools and skills to become effective sellers on our platform.

General and administrative

Our general and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries for management and administrative staff, fees and expenses for legal, accounting and other professional services, office space, travel and business expenses, as well as depreciation and amortization costs. General and administrative expenses include the costs of the following areas of our company: general management, finance, administration, accounting, legal and human resources.

Other income (expenses)

Other income (expenses) consists of interest expense and other financial charges, interest income derived primarily from our short-term investments and cash equivalents, foreign currency gains or losses, the effect of changes in the fair value of outstanding warrants, and other non-operating results.

Income / asset tax

We are subject to federal and state taxes in the United States, as well as foreign taxes in the multiple jurisdictions where we operate. Our tax obligations consist of current and deferred income taxes and asset taxes incurred in these jurisdictions. We account for income taxes following the liability method of accounting. Therefore, our income tax expense consists of taxes currently payable, if any (given that in certain jurisdictions we still have net operating loss carry-forwards), plus the change during the period in our deferred tax assets and liabilities.

 

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The following table summarizes the composition of our income/asset taxes for the years ending December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006.

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2004    2005     2006  
   

Income tax-current

       

Federal

   $    $     $  

Foreign

          0.8       1.9  
        

Total

          0.8       1.9  

Income tax-deferred

       

Federal

                 

Foreign

          (2.2 )     (0.7 )
        

Total

          (2.2 )     (0.7 )
        

Total current and deferred

          (1.4 )     1.2  

Asset tax

       

Federal

                 

Foreign

          0.1       0.1  
        

Total

          0.1       0.1  

Total income and asset tax expense (benefit)

        $ (1.4 )   $ 1.2  

Critical accounting policies and estimates

The preparation of our consolidated financial statements and related notes requires us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities. We have based our estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions that we believe to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Our management has discussed the development, selection and disclosure of these estimates with our board of directors. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.

An accounting policy is considered to be critical if it requires an accounting estimate to be made based on assumptions about matters that are highly uncertain at the time the estimate is made, and if different estimates that reasonably could have been used, or changes in the accounting estimates that are reasonably likely to occur periodically, could materially impact the consolidated financial statements. We believe that the following critical accounting policies reflect the more significant estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements. You should read the following descriptions of critical accounting policies, judgments and estimates in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and other disclosures filed in with this prospectus.

Impairment of long-lived assets and goodwill

We review long-lived assets for impairments whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be

 

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impaired on this basis, the impairment loss to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

Goodwill is reviewed at least annually for impairment. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit. The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using a combination of the income or discounted cash flows approach and the market approach, which utilizes comparable companies’ data. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is considered impaired and a second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. No impairments were recognized during the reporting periods.

We believe that the accounting estimate related to impairment of long lived assets and goodwill is a critical accounting estimate because it is highly susceptible to change from period to period. This is because: (1) it requires management to make assumptions about future interest rates, sales and costs; and (2) the impact that recognizing an impairment would have on the assets reported on our balance sheet as well as our net income would be material. Management’s assumptions about future sales and future costs require significant judgment.

Provision for doubtful accounts

We are exposed to losses due to uncollectable accounts and credits to sellers. Provisions for these items represent our estimate of future losses based on our historical experience. Our provision for doubtful accounts amounts to $4.6 million at December 31, 2006 and $2.9 million at December 31, 2005. The provision for doubtful accounts is recorded as a charge to sales and marketing expenses.

The following table illustrates our bad debt charges as a percentage of net revenues for 2006, 2005, and 2004:

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions, except percentages)

   2004    2005    2006
 

Net revenues

   $ 12.7    $ 28.2    $ 52.1

Bad debt charges

     1.6      3.4      6.2

Bad debt charges as a percentage of net revenues

     12.4%      12.1%      11.9%

Historically, our actual losses have been consistent with our charges. However, future changes in trends could result in a material impact to future consolidated statements of income and cash flows.

Legal Contingencies

In connection with certain pending litigation and other claims, we have estimated the range of probable loss and provided for such losses through charges to our consolidated statement of income. These estimates have been based on our assessment of the facts and circumstances at each balance sheet date and are subject to change based upon new information and future events.

From time to time, we are involved in disputes that arise in the ordinary course of business, and we do not expect this trend to change in the future. We are currently involved in certain legal proceedings as discussed in “Business—Legal Proceedings” and in Note 14 to our consolidated financial statements. We believe that we have meritorious defenses to the claims against us, and we will defend ourselves vigorously. However, even if successful, our defense could be costly and

 

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could divert management’s time. If the plaintiffs were to prevail on certain claims, we might be forced to pay damages or modify our business practices. Any of these results could materially harm our business and could result in a material adverse impact on the financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

Income taxes

We are required to recognize a provision for income taxes based upon the taxable income and temporary differences for each of the tax jurisdictions in which we operate. This process requires a calculation of taxes payable under currently enacted tax laws in each jurisdiction and an analysis of temporary differences between the book and tax bases of our assets and liabilities, including various accruals, allowances, depreciation and amortization. The tax effect of these temporary differences and the estimated tax benefit from our tax net operating losses are reported as deferred tax assets and liabilities in our consolidated balance sheet. We also assess the likelihood that our net deferred tax assets will be realized from future taxable income. To the extent we believe that it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax asset will not be realized, we establish a valuation allowance. At December 31, 2006, we had a valuation allowance on certain foreign net operating losses based on our assessment that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset will not be realized. To the extent we establish a valuation allowance or change the allowance in a period, we reflect the change with a corresponding increase or decrease in our tax provision in our consolidated statement of income.

The following table illustrates the effective tax rates for 2004, 2005, and 2006:

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions, except percentages)

   2004    2005     2006
 

Income and asset tax expense (benefit)

   —      $ (1.4 )   $ 1.2

As a percentage of income before income and asset tax

   (1.6)%      (205.8)%       53.7%

Historically, these provisions have adequately provided for our actual income tax liabilities. Our future effective tax rates could be adversely affected by earnings being lower than anticipated in countries where we have lower statutory rates and higher than anticipated in countries where we have higher statutory rates, by changes in the valuations of our deferred tax assets or liabilities, or by changes or interpretations in tax laws, regulations or accounting principles.

Recent acquisitions

In November of 2005, we acquired certain operations of a regional competitor in online trading, DeRemate.com Inc., including all of its operations in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela and the majority of shares of its subsidiaries (except for its Argentine and Chilean subsidiaries, which continue to operate under the control of certain previous stockholders of DeRemate.com Inc.), for an aggregate purchase price of $12.1 million, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired. This acquisition increased our user base by approximately 1.3 million confirmed registered users and solidified our market leadership position in Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and Uruguay.

Separate audited combined statements of operations, changes in net investment and cash flows of the acquired business for the period from January 1, 2005 to October 31, 2005 is included elsewhere in this prospectus in compliance with Rule 3-05 of Regulation S-X.

 

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Results of operations

The following table sets forth, for the periods presented, certain data from our consolidated statement of operations. This information should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and their notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2004     2005     2006  

Statement of operations data:

      

Net revenues

   $ 12.7     $ 28.2     $ 52.1  

Cost of net revenues

     (2.5 )     (6.1 )     (12.1 )
        

Gross profit

     10.2       22.1       40.0  
        

Operating expenses:

      

Product and technology development

     (1.3 )     (2.2 )     (3.1 )

Sales and marketing

     (9.1 )     (14.7 )     (23.4 )

General and administrative

     (3.1 )     (4.4 )     (8.2 )
        

Total operating expenses

     (13.5 )     (21.3 )     (34.6 )
        

Income (loss) from operations

     (3.3 )     0.8       5.4  
        

Other income (expenses):

      

Interest income

     1.2       0.4       0.5  

Interest expense and other financial charges

     (0.3 )     (0.5 )     (1.7 )

Foreign currency loss (gain)

     0.2       0.3       (0.4 )

Other expenses, net

           (0.3 )     (1.5 )

Net income (loss) before income and asset tax and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

     (2.2 )     0.7       2.3  

Income and asset tax (expense) benefit

           1.4       (1.2 )
        

Net income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

     (2.2 )     2.0       1.1  
        

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

           0.3        
        

Net income (loss)

     (2.2 )     2.4       1.1  
        

Accretion of preferred stock

     (0.5 )     (0.5 )     (0.5 )
        

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   $ (2.7 )   $ 1.9     $ 0.6  

 

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Year ended December 31,

(as a percentage of net revenues)

   2004     2005     2006  

Statement of operations data:

      

Net revenues

   100.0 %   100.0 %   100.0 %

Cost of net revenues

   (19.7 )   (21.7 )   (23.2 )
      

Gross profit

   80.3     78.3     76.8  
      

Operating expenses:

      

Product and technology development

   (10.5 )   (7.7 )   (5.9 )

Sales and marketing

   (72.1 )   (52.2 )   (44.9 )

General and administrative

   (24.2 )   (15.5 )   (15.7 )
      

Total operating expenses

   (106.8 )   (75.4 )   (66.4 )
      

Income (loss) from operations

   (26.4 )   2.9     10.4  

Other income (expenses):

      

Interest income

   9.8     1.2     1.0  

Interest expense and other financial charges

   (2.6 )   (1.6 )   (3.3 )

Foreign currency loss (gain)

   1.7     0.9     (0.8 )

Other expenses, net

   (0.2 )   (1.0 )   (2.8 )

Net income (loss) before income and asset tax and cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   (17.7 )   2.4     4.4  

Income and asset tax (expense) benefit

   0.3     4.8     (2.4 )
      

Net income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   (17.4 )   7.2     2.1  
      

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

       1.1      
      

Net income (loss)

   (17.4 )   8.3     2.1  
      

Accretion of preferred stock

   (3.9 )   (1.8 )   (1.0 )
      

Net income (loss) available to common stockholders

   (21.3 )%   6.6 %   1.1 %

Principal trends in results of operations

We have identified the following trends by examining our recent operating history:

 

 

Growth in net revenues from year to year .    Since inception, we have consistently generated revenue growth from our MercadoLibre marketplace and, from its launch in 2004, from MercadoPago, driven by the strong growth of our key operational metrics. From 2004 to 2005, our gross merchandise volume increased by 103.0%, our successful items increased by 64.4% and MercadoPago total payment volume increased by 332.3%. From 2005 to 2006, those growth rates were 76.9%, 63.9% and 131.2%, respectively. Our growth in net revenues was 123.1% from 2004 to 2005 and 84.3% from 2005 to 2006. As our business grows we expect the rate of increase, from year to year, of net revenues and the related operational metrics, to decline, as occurred in 2006 compared to 2005 when contrasted with 2005 compared to 2004.

 

 

High but declining gross profit margins .    Our business has generated sustained high gross profit margins over time. These gross margins were 80.3% for 2004, 78.3% for 2005, and 76.8% for 2006. This is attributable to the lower gross profit margins of our MercadoPago business, which for 2005 and 2006 experienced a faster rate of increase than our MercadoLibre marketplace business. Based on these past trends, we expect that cost of net revenues could

 

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continue to increase as a percentage of net revenues as revenues related to MercadoPago grow faster relative to MercadoLibre marketplace revenues. However, we may be able to partly offset this increase in costs with increased economies of scale in customer service, ISP connectivity and site operations, as well as improved economic terms obtained from payment processors. If we are able to do so successfully, we should sustain high consolidated gross profit margins.

 

 

Improving operating income margins .    We have generated and expect to continue to generate the substantial portion of our economies of scale in operating expenses. For 2004 and 2005, operating expenses increased at a significantly lower rate than our net revenues. For the past three years, our income from operations as a percentage of net revenues has improved from a loss of 26.4% for 2004, to a gain of 2.9% for 2005, to a gain of 10.4% for 2006, mostly driven by the impact of these economies of scale, and despite declining gross operating margins. We anticipate that our operating cost structure will continue to grow in absolute terms, but at a slower rate than net revenues, leading to improving operating margins.

Year ended December 31, 2006 compared to year ended December 31, 2005

Net revenues

Net revenues were $52.1 million for 2006, an increase of $23.8 million, or 84.3%, from net revenues of $28.2 million for 2005. This increase was attributable to a 78.4% increase in revenues derived from our MercadoLibre marketplace, from $25.1 million for 2005 to $44.7 million for 2006, and to a 130.9% increase in revenues derived from MercadoPago, from $3.2 million to $7.3 million. Growth in MercadoLibre marketplace revenues resulted principally from a 76.9% increase in the gross merchandise volume transacted through our platform. The growth in MercadoPago revenues resulted principally from a 131.2% increase in the total payments completed on our MercadoPago payments platform. The use of MercadoPago increased to 8.3% of our gross merchandise volume for 2006 from 6.3% for 2005.

The $23.8 million growth in net revenues for 2006, by country, was primarily a result of an increase of $13.3 million, or 75.9% in net revenues in Brazil, of $3.9 million, or 119.7% in Mexico, and $2.7 million, or 52.1% in Argentina. All other countries combined grew by $3.9 million or 168.2% for 2006 as compared to 2005.

Cost of net revenues

Cost of net revenues was $12.1 million for 2006, an increase of $5.9 million, or 96.9%, from cost of net revenues of $6.1 million for 2005. Cost of net revenues represented 23.2% of net revenues for 2006 and 21.7% of net revenues for 2005.

This increase was primarily attributable to additional billing costs and collections fees from processing charges for payments made with credit cards and other payment methods. These billing and collections fees increased by $2.6 million, or 117.2% for 2006 compared to 2005. Billing and collections charges tend to increase at about the same pace as net revenues, since most of the associated costs grow with our business. However, since they represent a higher percentage of revenues for MercadoPago than for the MercadoLibre marketplace, and as MercadoPago’s net revenues grew at a faster rate than the MercadoLibre marketplace, these collection fees as a percentage of net revenues increased slightly. Taxes on our net revenues increased by $1.3 million, or 83.1%. These taxes represented 5.6% of net revenues in 2006. We

 

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also increased expenditures in our in-house customer support operations in the amount of $1.7 million, an increase of 119.0% compared to 2005, as we invested in improved service, initiatives to combat fraud, illegal items and fee evasion, and upgraded the pay scale of customer service personnel in order to retain and attract top level customer service representatives.

Product and technology development

Product and technology development expenses were $3.1 million for 2006, an increase of $0.9 million, or 40.3%, from $2.2 million for 2005. Product and technology development expenses were 5.9% of net revenues for 2006 and 7.7% for 2005.

The growth in product and technology development expenses was primarily attributable to an increase in compensation costs in the amount of $0.5 million, 80.3% higher than 2005, for additional engineers to implement planned upgrades and new features to our platform, as well as increased compensation to retain staff, and an increase in depreciation and amortization expenses related to product and technology development of $0.3 million, or 20.7% compared to 2005.

Sales and marketing

Sales and marketing expenses were $23.4 million for 2006, an increase of $8.6 million, or 58.6%, from $14.7 million for 2005. Sales and marketing expenses represented 44.9% of our net revenues for 2006 and 52.2% of net revenues for 2005.

The growth in sales and marketing expenses resulted primarily from our increased expenditures in online advertising programs in the amount of $3.6 million, a 43.4% increase over 2005. Online advertising represented 22.7% of our net revenues in 2006. Bad debt charges also increased $2.8 million, or 81.6%. Despite this growth in absolute value, bad debt charges as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 11.9% for 2006, from 12.1% for 2005. In addition, these expenses also grew due to an additional $1.1 million, or 111.5% increase, in expenditures in our cable television advertising campaign and offline promotional activities, and an increase in compensation costs in the amount of $0.8 million, or 49.3%, driven by additional headcount and higher salaries to retain talent.

General and administrative

Our general and administrative expenses were $8.2 million for 2006, an increase of $3.8 million, or 86.1%, from general and administrative expenses of $4.4 million for 2005. As a percentage of net revenues, our general and administrative expenses were 15.7% for 2006 and 15.5% for 2005. The major components that drove our growth over the comparable period were $1.6 million in increased compensation costs, a 66.4% rate of growth, attributable to additional employees to support our growing business and higher salaries to retain talent, and fees and expenses for legal, audit and other professional services that grew $1.0 million, or 112.4%.

Other income (expenses)

Our other expenses were $3.1 million for 2006, an increase of $2.9 million from other expenses of $0.1 million for 2005. This increase was primarily a result of an increase in interest expenses of $1.3 million relating mainly to our loan from eBay, an increase in other expenses, net, of $1.2 million, resulting mainly from the change in fair value of our outstanding warrants, and an increase in foreign currency losses of $0.6 million.

 

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Income and asset tax

Our reported income and asset tax expense for 2006 was $1.2 million compared to a reported benefit of $1.4 million for 2005. Our blended tax rate as a percentage of income before income and asset tax was 38.0% for 2006 and 48.0% for 2005. However, as a result of the effect of permanent differences, our effective tax rate was approximately 53.7% (expense) for 2006 and 205.8% (benefit) for 2005. The variation in the effective tax rate for these periods reflects the taxes payable plus the change during the period in our deferred tax assets and liabilities. During 2006, we recognized a deferred income tax benefit of $0.7 million, and of $2.2 million during 2005, mainly as a result of a partial reversal of the valuation allowance recognized over our deferred tax asset position.

Year ended December 31, 2005 compared to year ended December 31, 2004

Net revenues

Net revenues were $28.2 million for 2005, an increase of $15.6 million, or 123.1%, from net revenues of $12.7 million for 2004. This increase was attributable to a 106.7% increase in revenues derived from our MercadoLibre marketplace, from $12.1 million for 2004 to $25.1 million for 2005, and a 495.8% increase in revenues derived from MercadoPago, from $0.5 million for 2004 to $3.2 million for 2005. Growth in MercadoLibre marketplace revenues was mainly a result of a 103.0% increase in gross merchandise volume transacted through our platform. The growth in MercadoPago revenues was mainly a result of a 332.3% increase in the total payments volume completed on our MercadoPago payments platform. The use of MercadoPago increased to 6.3% of our gross merchandise volume for 2005, from 3.0% for 2004.

Cost of net revenues

Cost of net revenues was $6.1 million for 2005, an increase of $3.6 million, or 146.6%, from cost of net revenues of $2.5 million for 2004. Our cost of net revenues represented 21.7% of net revenues for 2005 and 19.7% of net revenues for 2004.

The growth in our cost of net revenues for 2005 was primarily attributable to additional billing costs and collections fees from processing charges for payments made with credit cards and other payment methods that grew $1.6 million, representing a 289.4% growth rate. Billing and collections charges tend to increase at about the same pace as net revenues, since most of the associated costs grow with our business. However, since they represent a higher percentage of revenues for MercadoPago than for the MercadoLibre marketplace, and as MercadoPago’s net revenues grew at a faster rate than the MercadoLibre marketplace, these collection fees as a percentage of net revenues increased slightly. Taxes on our net revenues increased by $0.9 million, or 141.7%. These taxes represented 5.7% of net revenues for 2005. In addition, expenditures in our in-house customer support operations increased by $0.8 million, or 134.5% as we invested in improved services and controls.

Product and technology development

Our product and technology development expenses were $2.2 million for 2005, an increase of $0.9 million, or 64.4%, from product and technology development expenses of $1.3 million for 2004. Product and technology development expenses were 7.7% of net revenues for 2005 and 10.5% for 2004. The increase was primarily attributable to growth in depreciation and amortization in the amount of $0.5 million, or 57.2%. Additionally, compensation costs increased in the amount of $0.2 million, or 57.8% for additional employees, as well as increased compensation to retain our product and technology development staff.

 

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Sales and marketing

Our sales and marketing expenses were $14.7 million for 2005, an increase of $5.6 million, or 61.3%, from $9.1 million for 2004. Sales and marketing expenses represented 52.2% of net revenues for 2005 and 72.1% of net revenues for 2004.

The growth in our sales and marketing expenses resulted primarily from our increased expenditures in online advertising programs, where we spend the majority of our sales and marketing budget, in the amount of $2.2 million, a 35.6% growth rate. Online advertising represented 29.2% of net revenues for 2005. These expenses also grew $1.9 million, or 117.7%, from higher bad debt charges. However, bad debt as a percentage of net revenues for 2005 decreased to 12.1% from 12.4% for 2004. Offline advertising activities grew $1.0 million due to our first cable television advertising campaign and offline promotional activities, and compensation costs increased $0.5 million, or 42.8%, driven by additional headcount and higher salaries to retain talent.

General and administrative

Our general and administrative expenses were $4.4 million for 2005, an increase of $1.3 million, or 43.0%, from general and administrative expenses of $3.1 million for 2004. However, our general and administrative expenses decreased as a percentage of net revenues to 15.5% for 2005 from 24.2% for 2004.

The major components that drove growth in absolute terms over the comparable period were $1.0 million in increased compensation costs attributable to additional employees to support our growing business and higher salaries to retain talent, an increase that represented a 71.2% growth over 2004.

Other income (expense)

Other expense was $0.1 million for 2005, a decrease of $1.3 million from a $1.1 million income for 2004. This decrease was primarily attributable to a reduction of $0.9 million in interest income as we had recorded a gain on the sale of short-term investments for 2004.

Income / asset tax

Our reported income and asset tax for 2005 was a benefit of $1.4 million compared to an immaterial charge for 2004. The reported taxes for 2005 reflect the taxes payable plus the change during the period in our deferred tax assets and liabilities. During 2005, we recognized a deferred income tax benefit of $2.2 million as a result of a partial reversal of the valuation allowance recognized over our deferred tax asset position. Prior to 2005, our valuation allowance covered all our deferred tax asset position.

Factors affecting results of operations and financial condition

Our prospects must be considered in light of the risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties frequently encountered by companies in their early stages of development, particularly companies in new and rapidly evolving markets such as online commerce and emerging markets like Latin America. To address these risks and uncertainties, we must, among other things, maintain and increase the number of our confirmed registered users, items listed on our service and completed transactions, maintain and enhance our brand, implement and execute our business and marketing strategy successfully, continue to develop and upgrade our technology

 

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and information-processing systems, continue to enhance the MercadoLibre service to meet the needs of a changing market, provide superior customer service, respond to competitive developments, and attract, integrate, retain and motivate qualified personnel. Accordingly, we intend to invest heavily in marketing and promotion, site development, technology and operating infrastructure development and personnel. We cannot, however, assure you that we will be successful in accomplishing all of these goals, and the failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Although we have experienced significant revenue growth and significant growth in the number of our confirmed registered users and items listed by our users in recent periods, such growth rates are not sustainable and will decrease in the future. In view of the rapidly evolving nature of our business and our limited operating history, we believe that period-to-period comparisons of our operating results are not necessarily meaningful and should not be relied upon as indications of future performance.

Our operating results have varied on an annual basis during our short operating history and may fluctuate significantly as a result of a variety of factors, many of which are outside our control. The following list includes factors that may affect our quarterly operating results:

 

 

continued growth of online commerce and Internet usage in Latin America;

 

 

our ability to expand our operations and adapt to rapidly changing technologies;

 

 

governmental regulation in the countries where we operate, including exchange controls;

 

 

litigation, legal liability and intellectual property rights enforcement;

 

 

system interruptions or failures;

 

 

our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel;

 

 

the announcement or introduction of new sites, services and products by us or our competitors, and price competition;

 

 

reliance on third-party service providers;

 

 

increasing consumer confidence in and acceptance of the Internet and other online services for commerce and, in particular, the trading of products such as those listed on our website;

 

 

security breaches and consumer confidence in the security of transactions over the Internet;

 

 

consumer trends and popularity of certain categories of items;

 

 

our ability to attract new customers, retain existing customers and increase revenues;

 

 

seasonal fluctuations; and

 

 

political, social and economic conditions in Latin America.

We believe that our results of operations are somewhat seasonal in nature. Our limited operating history, however, makes it difficult to fully assess the impact of these seasonal factors. In addition, we believe that our rapid growth may have overshadowed whatever seasonal or cyclical factors might have influenced our business to date. We cannot assure you that seasonal or cyclical variations in our operations will not become more pronounced over time or that they will not materially adversely affect our results of operations in the future.

 

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Effects of Becoming a Public Company

After completion of this offering, we will become subject to the periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and the other rules and regulations of the SEC. We will also be subject to various other regulatory requirements, including the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. In addition, upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to the rules of The Nasdaq Global Market.

We are working with our independent legal, accounting and financial advisors to identify those areas in which changes should be made to our financial and management control systems to manage our growth and our obligations as a public company. These areas include corporate governance, corporate control, internal audit, disclosure controls and procedures and financial reporting and accounting systems. We have made, and will continue to make, changes in these and other areas, including our internal control over financial reporting.

In addition, compliance with reporting and other requirements applicable to public companies will create additional costs for us and will require the time and attention of management. We currently expect to incur an estimated $1 million of incremental operating expenses in our first year of being a public company and a slightly higher amount per year after that. The incremental costs are estimates, and actual incremental expenses could be materially different from these estimates. We cannot predict or estimate the amount of the additional costs we may incur, the timing of such costs or the degree of impact that our management’s attention to these matters will have on our business.

In addition, being a public company could make it more difficult or more costly for us to obtain certain types of insurance and we may be forced to accept reduced policy limits and coverage or incur substantially higher costs to obtain the same or similar coverage. The impact of these events could also make it more difficult for us to attract and retain qualified persons to serve on our board of directors, our board committees or as executive officers.

Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we evaluate and determine the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting at December 31, 2008. If we or our independent registered public accounting firm determine that we have a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting, we may not detect errors on a timely basis and our financial statements may be materially misstated. We will be evaluating our internal controls systems to allow management to report on, and our independent auditors to attest to, our internal controls. We will be performing the system and process evaluation and testing (and any necessary remediation) required to comply with the management certification and auditor attestation requirements of Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. While we anticipate being able to fully implement the requirements relating to internal controls and all other aspects of Section 404 by the December 31, 2008 deadlines, we cannot be certain as to the timing of completion of our evaluation, testing and remediation actions or the impact of the same on our operations.

Liquidity and capital resources

Our main cash requirements are capital expenditures relating to technology infrastructure and software applications. We also require working capital to fund MercadoPago. Since our inception, we funded our operations primarily through contributions received from our stockholders obtained during the first two years of operations, and cash generated from our operations during the past two years. We have often funded MercadoPago by discounting credit

 

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card receivables and through cash advances derived from our MercadoLibre marketplace business. In 2005, we funded the acquisition of certain operations of DeRemate.com Inc. with a $12 million loan from eBay. The significant components of our working capital are cash equivalents, short term investments, accounts receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and funds receivable from and payable to MercadoPago users. At December 31, 2006, our principal source of liquidity was $13.5 million of cash and cash equivalents and short-term investments, as well as cash generated from our operations. We believe that these sources of cash, the proceeds of this offering, plus cash to be generated from future operations will be sufficient to cover current and anticipated capital expenditures and working capital needs.

The following table presents our cash flows from operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the last three years ending December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006:

 

Year ended December 31,

(in millions)

   2004     2005     2006  

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   $ (1.5 )   $ 3.4     $ 6.2  

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

     7.4       (13.0 )     (5.2 )

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

           12.0       (3.0 )
        

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     (0.2 )     (0.5 )     0.2  
        

Total increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   $ 5.7     $ 2.0     $ (1.8 )

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

Our annual cash flow provided by operating activities was greater than net income for 2006, 2005 and 2004, due primarily to non-cash charges to earnings such as depreciation and amortization on our assets, changes in fair value of warrants, deferred income taxes and realized gains on investments. Net cash provided by operating activities was $6.2 million for 2006, $3.4 million for 2005 and $(1.5) million for 2004 as we improved the profitability of our operations. This improvement was primarily a result of increased net income, increased leverage on our operating expenses, controlled growth in our costs of sales and positive changes in our working capital accounts.

In our MercadoLibre marketplace business, accounts receivable were $2.0 million and accounts payable and accrued expenses were $5.7 million at December 31, 2006, primarily because we were able to collect from our users at a faster rate than we paid our suppliers. In our MercadoPago business, funds receivable from customers were $10.2 million and funds payable and amounts due to customers were $9.1 million at December 31, 2006. MercadoPago often requires financing through discounting credit card receivables and cash advances derived from our MercadoLibre marketplace business in order to fund working capital requirements.

Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities

Net cash used in investing activities was $5.2 million for 2006 and $13.0 million for 2005 compared to a net cash provided by investing activities of $7.4 million for 2004. For 2006, net cash provided by investing activities resulted primarily from purchases of investments with our cash and cash equivalents, as part of our financial investment strategy. During 2005, net cash provided by investing activities was heavily affected by the acquisition of the DeRemate subsidiaries for $12.1 million, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired. Net cash provided by investing activities for 2004 was primarily a result of movements of funds from investments to cash and cash equivalents, as part of our financial investment strategy. In all three years, net cash

 

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provided by investing activities was also affected by capital expenditures related to technological equipment, software licenses and to a lesser degree office equipment, in the amounts of $2.4 million for 2006, $2.0 million for 2005 and $2.1 million for 2004.

We expect to continue to purchase property and equipment and we may acquire businesses for cash, which would impact our net cash provided by investing activities.

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

Net cash used in financing activities was $3.0 million for 2006 compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $12.0 million for 2005 and negligible for 2004. Net cash used in financing activities for 2006 was attributable to a partial prepayment of principal of the loan from eBay. Net cash provided by financing activities for 2005 was attributable to the loan received from eBay to fund the acquisition of the DeRemate subsidiaries.

In the event that we decide to pursue strategic acquisitions in the future, we may fund them with our own resources or we may choose to obtain financing from a third party.

Debt

We financed the acquisition of DeRemate with a loan from eBay, one of our stockholders, in the amount of $12.0 million, secured by our assets, including equity interests we have acquired in DeRemate. The loan bears an interest rate of 7% per year, payable in November of each year. The loan matures on the earlier of November 10, 2010, and an issuance of securities, such as this offering. At December 31, 2006, approximately $9.1 million of principal of and interest on the loan remained outstanding. Upon consummation of this offering we will repay the principal balance of the loan to eBay. Please see “Certain relationships and related transactions—Relationship with eBay” for more information.

We do not have any current plans to incur any material debt in the future.

Capital expenditures

Our expenditures in property and equipment consist primarily of purchases of hardware and software licenses necessary to maintain and update the technology of our platform, and to a lesser degree office equipment. These expenditures were $2.1 million for 2004, $2.0 million for 2005 and $2.4 million for 2006. We anticipate continued investments in capital expenditures in the future as we strive to maintain our position in the Latin American e-commerce market.

We believe that our existing cash and cash equivalents, the net proceeds from this offering and cash generated from operations will be sufficient to fund our operating activities, property and equipment expenditures and other obligations going forward.

Off-balance sheet arrangements

At December 31, 2006, we did not have any off-balance sheet arrangements or relationships with unconsolidated entities for the purpose of facilitating contractually narrow or limited purposes.

Contractual obligations

We have certain fixed contractual obligations and commitments that include future estimated payments. Changes in our business needs, cancellation provisions and other factors may result in actual payments differing materially from the estimates. We cannot provide certainty regarding

 

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the timing and amount of payments. Below is a summary of the most significant assumptions used in our determination of amounts presented in the table. Contractual obligations at December 31, 2006 are as follows:

 

       Payment due by period
(In millions)    Total    Less than
1 year
   1-3 years    3-5 years    More than
5 years
 

Long-term debt obligations(1)

   $ 9.1    $ 0.1         $ 9.0   

Capital lease obligations

                      

Operating lease obligations(2)

     0.5      0.4      0.1        

Purchase obligations

     6.4      6.3      0.1        

Other long-term liabilities reflected on our balance sheet under GAAP(3)

     1.6                1.6   

Total

   $ 17.6    $ 6.7    $ 0.2    $ 10.6   

 

(1)   Includes amounts outstanding under our loan agreement with eBay. Principal of $9.0 million is due on November 10, 2010, or upon this offering, whichever happens earlier. Interest of $0.1 million is due in 2007. We expect to repay the aggregate outstanding principal amount of the loan and accrued interest with the net proceeds of this offering.

 

(2)   Includes leases of office space.

 

(3)   Includes warrants issued in connection with our convertible debt incurred in the year 2000.

Other than the loan from eBay, we do not have any further long-term debt obligations. We have leases for office space in certain countries where we operate. These are our only operating leases. Purchase obligation amounts include minimum purchase commitments for advertising, capital expenditures (technological equipment and software licenses) and other goods and services that were entered into in the ordinary course of business. We have developed estimates to project payment obligations based upon historical trends, when available, and our anticipated future obligations. Given the significance of performance requirements within our advertising and other arrangements, actual payments could differ significantly from these estimates.

Qualitative and quantitative disclosure about market risk

We are exposed to market risks arising from our business operations. These market risks arise mainly from the possibility that changes in interest rates and the U.S. dollar exchange rate with local currencies, particularly the Brazilian real due to Brazil’s share of our revenues, may affect the value of our financial assets and liabilities.

Foreign currencies .    At December 31, 2006, $9.1 million of our outstanding debt was denominated in U.S. dollars. In addition, we hold cash and cash equivalents in local currencies in our subsidiaries, and have receivables denominated in local currencies in all our operations. Our subsidiaries also incur most of their expenses in local currency. As a result, our subsidiaries use local currency as their functional currency. At December 31, 2006, the total cash and cash equivalents denominated in foreign currencies totaled $4.0 million, and accounts receivable and funds receivable from customers in foreign currencies totaled $12.1 million. To manage exchange rate risk, our treasury policy is that we transfer all cash and cash equivalents in excess of working capital requirements into dollar-denominated accounts in the United States. At December 31, 2006, these dollar-denominated cash and cash equivalents totaled $3.1 million. If the U.S. dollar weakens against foreign currencies, as occurred in many countries where we operate in 2004, 2005 and 2006, the translation of these foreign-currency-denominated transactions will result in increased net revenues, operating expenses, and net income. Similarly, our net revenues, operating expenses and net income will decrease if the U.S. dollar strengthens against foreign

 

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currencies. In 2006, 59.1% of our revenues were denominated in Brazilian reais, 15.1% in Argentine pesos and 13.8% in Mexican pesos. We have estimated that the impact of exchange rate fluctuations on our results of operations for the year 2006 relative to 2005 resulted in net higher revenues of approximately $2.7 million and an increase in aggregate cost of net revenues and operating expenses of approximately $1.6 million. This calculation was made taking the average monthly exchange rates for each month in 2005 and applying them to the corresponding months in 2006. While we have entered in the past into transactions to hedge portions of our foreign currency translation exposure, these are expensive. It is unlikely that we will enter into such hedging in the future due to the cost and because it is not possible to accurately predict or completely eliminate the effects of our foreign currency exposure.

Interest .    Our earnings are also affected by changes in interest rates. These changes can have an impact on our interest expenses derived from discounting our MercadoPago receivables. Interest fluctuations could also negatively affect certain floating rate investments that we hold. The loan that we borrowed from eBay is a fixed rate loan, and is not affected by interest rate fluctuations. At December 31, 2006, MercadoPago funds receivable from customers totaled approximately $10.2 million and we had approximately $1.3 million invested in variable interest rate instruments. We believe that the overall direct impact of significant interest rate variances would not be material and would not cause major disruptions to our operations.

Recent accounting pronouncements

Accounting for certain hybrid financial instruments

In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140”. This Statement permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation, clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133, establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation and amends SFAS No. 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. This Statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The adoption of SFAS No. 155 is not expected to have any material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Accounting for uncertainty in income taxes

In June 2006, the FASB issued the Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 addresses the recognition and measurement of uncertain income tax position using a “more-likely-than-not” threshold and introduces new disclosures requirements. The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with FIN 48 is a two-step process: a) determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position; and b) a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be derecognized in

 

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the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is no longer met. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. We are currently analyzing the impact that the adoption of FIN 48 will have on our financial position and results of operations.

Accounting for servicing of financial assets

In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156 “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets”, which amends FASB Statement No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities”, with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement requires an entity to recognize a servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract in certain situations; requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value, if practicable; and permits an entity to choose between an Amortization method or a Fair value measurement method to measure each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This statement also requires separate presentation of servicing assets and servicing liabilities subsequently measured at fair value in the statement of financial position and additional disclosures for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement is effective for fiscal years that begin after September 15, 2006. The adoption of SFAS No. 156 is not expected to have any material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

Fair value measurements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). The changes to current practice resulting from the application of SFAS 157 relate to the definition of fair value, the methods used to estimate fair value, and the requirement for expanded disclosures about estimates of fair value. The definition of fair value retains the exchange price notion in earlier definitions of fair value. SFAS 157 clarifies that the exchange price is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The adoption of SFAS 157 is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial position and results of operations.

Fair value of financial assets and liabilities

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. This Statement is expected to expand the use of fair value measurement, which is consistent with the Board’s long-term measurement objectives for accounting for financial instruments. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 is not expected to have any material impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

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The Latin American Internet industry

The Latin American market and Internet usage statistics

Latin America consists of South America, Central America, the Caribbean and Mexico and, with over 550 million people, represents 8.5% of the world’s population. Latin America’s combined annual gross domestic product in 2006 was estimated to be greater than $2.9 trillion, representing 6.3% of the estimated world GDP for that year and approximately 8.1% on a purchasing power parity basis. This combined GDP estimate is similar to the GDP of Germany and the United Kingdom combined, as adjusted to reflect purchasing power parity among countries.

The Internet has emerged as a global medium enabling millions of people worldwide to share information, communicate and conduct business electronically. The number of Internet users has grown worldwide from approximately 534 million at the end of 2000 to approximately 1,114 million by March 10, 2007, according to InternetWorldStats.com, a site of the Miniwatts Marketing Group. In Latin America, the number of Internet users has grown from 18.1 to 96.4 million during the same period, representing a compounded annual growth rate of 30.7% compared to 11.2% in North America.

Latin America’s approximately 96.4 million Internet users represent 8.7% of the world’s Internet user population. Brazil, Mexico and Argentina, our most significant contributors to revenues, have approximately 65.3 million Internet users combined, which represent approximately 67.7% of Latin America’s Internet population. Estimates for Internet penetration in Latin America range from a high of 42.4% for Chile and 34.0% for Argentina to 17.2% for Brazil and 6.5% for Panama, with an average penetration of approximately 17.3%, as compared to 69.9% for the United States.

The following table shows the increase in Internet usage worldwide and the percentage of Internet users by region at March 10, 2007.

 

Region    Population
in millions
   % of world
population
   Internet
users in
millions
   Penetration
rate
   % of users
worldwide
   Increase in number
of users Dec. 2000-
Mar. 2007

Africa

   933.4    14.2%    33.3    3.6%    3.0%    638.4%

Asia

   3,712.5    56.5    398.7    10.7    35.8    248.8

Europe

   809.6    12.3    314.8    38.9    28.3    199.5

Latin America

   556.6    8.5    96.4    17.3    8.7    433.4

Middle East

   193.5    2.9    19.4    10.0    1.7    491.4

North America

   334.5    5.1    233.2    69.7    20.9    115.7

Oceania

   34.5    0.5    18.4    53.5    1.7    142.0
    

World total

   6,574.7    100.0%    1,114.3    16.9%    100.0%    208.7%

 

Source:   InternetWorldStats.com.

 

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The following table shows a ranking of the 12 countries with the highest number of Internet users in Latin America and the corresponding penetration rates at March 10, 2007:

 

       Country   

Number of

Internet users

in millions

   % of
population

1

   Brazil    32.1    17.2%

2

   Mexico    20.2    19.0

3

   Argentina    13.0    34.0

4

   Chile    6.7    42.4

5

   Colombia    5.5    12.9

6

   Peru    4.6    15.9

7

   Venezuela    3.3    12.8

8

   Dominican Republic    1.5    16.2

9

   Ecuador    1.0    8.0

10

   Guatemala    1.0    7.6

11

   Costa Rica    1.0    20.5

12

   Uruguay    0.7    20.4
     Total    77.5   

Source: InternetWorldStats.com.

Internet enabling infrastructure

The significant growth of the Internet in Latin America has been enabled by a relatively large and growing telecommunications infrastructure. The following chart shows the penetration in certain countries of different devices and services that can be used to connect to the Internet:

LOGO

Source: Phone lines from Business Monitor and Paul Budde Communication. Cell phones from CIA World Factobook. PCs and broadband from Pyramid Research.

Note: Estimates at December 31, 2006. Cell phone subscribers at December 31, 2005, except for Uruguay and the United Kingdom, which are at December 31, 2004. PC users at December 31, 2004 for Uruguay, Ecuador, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Panama and Venezuela.

 

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By the year 2006, the sum of PCs and cell phones in the countries where MercadoLibre operates totaled 68.2 million and 219.2 million, respectively. Compared to the year 2000, those totals represent an increase of 109% for PCs and 223% for cell phones. We believe that this rate of growth provides us with the opportunity to expand our customer base, and that the foundation for sustained web usage throughout the region has been set.

Factors contributing to the commercialization of Internet services in Latin America include the following:

 

 

higher computer penetration in households, workplaces, classrooms and Internet cafes;

 

 

increased availability and decreasing prices of broadband Internet, which provides a richer user experience and gives users access to a broader range of services than is possible with slower, dial-up Internet connections;

 

 

increased Internet security protection, including telecommunications networks and systems, which has helped promote consumers’ confidence in online transactions;

 

 

availability of advanced electronic or other payment systems, including credit card, bank transfer and mobile banking systems; and

 

 

the improvement of the Internet and communications infrastructure.

We believe that the combination of a large population of potential customers, the still low and untapped Internet penetration, a rapidly expanding base of Internet-enabling-devices and inefficiencies associated with traditional trading channels makes Latin America an attractive market for an Internet-based marketplace. Current research suggests the potential of e-commerce in the region. According to an A.C. Nielsen report on worldwide e-commerce, 63% of Internet users in Brazil, Mexico and Chile combined have already purchased an item online at some point in their lives, as compared to 85% in the United States. In their previous three online purchases, Internet users in Brazil, Mexico and Chile reported buying generally the same kinds of products as users in the United States, including books (31% of users in Brazil, Mexico and Chile, and 28% in the United States), videos, DVD s and games (22% of users in Brazil, Mexico and Chile, and 21% in the United States), and apparel (9% of users in Brazil, Mexico and Chile, and 22% in the United States).

Latin America’s e-commerce market is still at an early stage of development, but we believe it is evolving rapidly as an increasing number of users seek to purchase products and services on the Internet. According to our estimates based on multiple available sources, approximately $3,250.0 million were spent on e-commerce in Latin America in 2006. The table below shows the yearly volume of e-commerce transactions in selected Latin American markets.

 

Year ending December 31,

(in millions)

   2003    2004    2005    2006   

Compound

annual growth
rate 2003-2006

Argentina

   $ 173.2    $ 333.2    $ 479.1    $ 670.7    57.0%

Brazil

     390.5      598.3      1,027.1      2,022.6    73.0

Mexico

     118.9      213.9      356.6      558.1    67.5

Total

   $ 682.5    $ 1,145.5    $ 1,862.8    $ 3,251.4    68.3%

Sources: Prince Cooke, Factiva, Brazilian Chamber of Electronic Commerce, AMIPCI, and our internal estimates.

With the acceleration of Internet penetration in the region and the increased preference for online shopping, the frequency of e-commerce transactions has increased significantly. According to A.C. Nielsen, during 2006, the average number of online purchases by Internet users in Brazil, Argentina and Mexico in a span of 30 days was 3.1 per Internet user purchasing something online.

 

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Business

Overview

We host the largest online trading platform in Latin America, called MercadoLibre and located at www.mercadolibre.com. We are market leaders in e-commerce in each of Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela, based on unique visitors and page views during 2006. Additionally, we have recently launched online trading platforms in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic and Panama. With a market of over 550 million people and a region with one of the world’s fastest-growing Internet penetration rates, we provide buyers and sellers a robust online trading environment that fosters the development of a large and growing e-commerce community. We offer a technological and commercial solution that addresses the distinctive cultural and geographic challenges of operating an online trading platform in Latin America.

We offer our users two principal services:

 

 

The MercadoLibre marketplace :    The MercadoLibre marketplace is a fully-automated, topically-arranged and user-friendly online trading service. This service permits both businesses and individuals to list items and conduct their sales and purchases online in either a fixed-price or auction-based format. Additionally, through online classified advertisements, our registered users can also list and purchase motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, real estate and services. Any Internet user can browse through the various products and services that are listed on our website and register with MercadoLibre to list, bid for and purchase items and services.

 

 

The MercadoPago online payments solution :    To complement the MercadoLibre marketplace, we developed MercadoPago, an integrated online payments solution. MercadoPago is designed to facilitate transactions on the MercadoLibre marketplace by providing a mechanism that allows our users to securely, easily and promptly send and receive payments online.

During 2006, visitors to our website were able to browse an average of over 2.5 million total listings per month, organized by country, in over 2,000 different product categories. We believe that we have achieved a critical mass of active buyers, sellers and product listings in most of the countries where we operate and that our business can be readily scaled to handle increases in our user base and transaction volume. At December 31, 2006, we had over 18.2 million confirmed registered MercadoLibre users. During 2006, we had 1.7 million unique sellers, 4.4 million unique buyers and 13.8 million successful items sold.

History of MercadoLibre

In March of 1999, Marcos Galperín, our co-founder and Chief Executive Officer, while working towards his master’s degree in business administration from Stanford Business School, wrote our business plan and began to assemble a team of professionals to implement it. We were incorporated in Delaware in October of 1999.

 

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We commenced operations in Argentina in August of 1999, and began operations in other countries subsequently. The following table shows the timeline of different launches and events in each country:

 

       Country    Launch date    Office opening    MercadoPago

1

   Argentina    August 1999    July 1999    November 2003

2

   Brazil    October 1999    September 1999    January 2004

3

   Mexico    November 1999    October 1999    January 2004

4

   Uruguay    December 1999    N/A    N/A

5

   Colombia    February 2000    January 2000    Planned launch 2007

6

   Venezuela    March 2000    March 2000    April 2005

7

   Chile    March 2000    April 2000    Planned launch 2007

8

   Ecuador    December 2000    N/A    N/A

9

   Peru    December 2004    N/A    N/A

10

   Costa Rica    November 2006    N/A    N/A

11

   Dominican Republic    December 2006    N/A    N/A

12

   Panama    December 2006    N/A    N/A

Our business is organized using the same Internet platform in each country where we operate. However, we run the MercadoLibre marketplace in each country as a separate marketplace with no interaction with the marketplaces of other countries.

We received two rounds of financing in addition to our initial seed funding. The first round, carried out in November of 1999, raised $7.6 million from investors that included J.P. Morgan Partners BHCA L.P., Flatiron Fund entities and Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst. The second round of financing occurred in May of 2000 and raised $46.7 million from, among others, Goldman Sachs entities (GS Capital Partners III, L.P., GS Capital Partners III Offshore, L.P. and Goldman Sachs & Co. Verwaltungs GmbH), Capital Riesgo Internet SCR S.A. (CRI Banco Santander Central Hispano), GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc., J.P. Morgan Partners BHCA L.P. and Hicks, Muse, Tate & Furst.

In September of 2001, we entered into a strategic alliance with eBay, which became one of our stockholders and started working with us to better serve the Latin American online trading community. As part of this strategic alliance, we acquired eBay’s Brazilian subsidiary at the time, iBazar, and eBay agreed not to compete with us in the region during the term of the agreement. This agreement also provided us with access to certain know-how and experience, which accelerated aspects of our development. The agreement governing our strategic alliance with eBay expired on September 24, 2006. Even though eBay is one of our stockholders, with the termination of this agreement, there are no contractual restrictions upon eBay becoming one of our competitors. See “Risk Factors—Risks related to our business—We operate in a highly competitive and evolving market, and therefore face potential reductions in the use of our service.”

In November of 2002, we acquired certain key strategic assets of Lokau.com , a competing Brazilian online trading platform and we incorporated all registered users of Lokau.com into our platform.

In November of 2005, we acquired certain operations of a regional competitor in online trading, DeRemate.com Inc., including all of its operations in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela and the majority of shares of its subsidiaries (except for its Argentine and Chilean subsidiaries, which operate under the control of certain previous stockholders of

 

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DeRemate), for an aggregate purchase price of $12.1 million, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired. This acquisition increased our user base by approximately 1.3 million confirmed registered users and solidified our market leadership position in Brazil, Mexico, Venezuela, Colombia, Peru, and Uruguay. We financed the acquisition with a loan from eBay, one of our stockholders. Please see “Certain relationships and related transactions—Relationship with eBay” and “Use of proceeds” for more information.

Competitive strengths

We focus on providing Internet-based trading platforms that enable e-commerce and its related services. Our services are designed to provide our users with mechanisms to buy, sell, pay for and collect on e-commerce transactions effectively and efficiently. We believe that our leading position throughout Latin America is primarily attributable to the following strengths:

 

 

We have a strong brand and are one of the leaders in the Latin American e-commerce market .    We were one of the initial entrants in the Latin American e-commerce market, and we host the leading online trading platform in the region based on unique visitors and page views. We have built strong brand awareness and a growing online community that provides our users with the advantages of a sizable network with a large number of participants in a single marketplace. In some countries, we operate the only large-scale online trading platform that covers a wide range of product and service categories.

 

 

We operate a proven business model .    Business models similar to ours have been successfully implemented in many countries around the world, most notably by one of our stockholders, eBay Inc., or eBay. We have had the advantage of working closely with eBay in exchanging industry best practices and developing and improving our services and strategy.

 

 

Our business model offers significant economies of scale .    Since we started operations in 1999, we have shown significant revenue growth from year to year. Our business model has substantial operating leverage because a significant portion of our costs are fixed, such that increases in revenues have resulted in higher margins year after year. From 2004 to 2006, our annual revenues increased from $12.7 million to $52.1 million, a 311.1% increase, while total costs and operating expenses grew from $16.0 million to $46.7 million, a 191.4% increase.

 

 

Our product range and information is extensive .    We offer our customers one of the broadest selections of products and product categories among e-commerce sites in Latin America. Our sites offer on average over 2.5 million total listings per month from a selection of over 2,000 different product categories. Our product selection ranges from traditional e-commerce items such as books, music, videos, electronics, computers, hardware, cameras and cellular telephones, to industrial goods and services, to real estate and contractor services. Our website offers an efficient shopping experience with extensive information, ratings and reviews on listed products.

 

 

We provide creative and innovative solutions .    We have developed creative and innovative solutions to the challenges of conducting e-commerce in Latin America. For example, in addition to offering sellers an auction-based format to sell an item, the MercadoLibre marketplace also offers a fixed-price alternative to respond to the current preferences in the region for fixed-price listings. In order to address the specific needs of buyers and sellers of motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, real estate and certain services, items for which buyers will typically require a physical inspection or specific types of interaction, we offer our users an

 

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online classified advertisements service that is dedicated to these items. To complement the MercadoLibre marketplace by providing an end-to-end service that facilitates the completion of transactions online, we have developed MercadoPago, which operates as an escrow service that allows our users to make and receive payments efficiently and securely online. In order to meet the demand for product information by potential purchasers, we have launched product content sections on our platform that encourage user ratings and product reviews, and provide product catalogues and purchasing guides. To improve the efficiency of our MercadoLibre marketplace, we launched a relevance-based algorithm to sort listings, which provides users with a superior buying experience by matching supply and demand.

 

 

We have acquired considerable local market expertise .    As one of the first Internet trading platforms in the countries where we operate, we have developed an understanding of the needs and preferences of our users and customers. We have historically used this expertise to develop services and products that cater to the unique needs of Latin American e-commerce clients.

 

 

We have an experienced and highly qualified team .    We are led by a team of highly qualified management and information technology professionals who run our business and websites from our offices in Buenos Aires, São Paulo, Mexico City, Caracas, Santiago and Bogotá. Our ten most senior management officers and our four most senior technology professionals joined our team in 2000 or before, which provides us with stable and seasoned leadership. The commitment, knowledge and track record of both our management and technology teams are valuable assets to our company. We believe that our corporate culture contributes to the high level of satisfaction of our employees and to the retention and commitment of our team.

Our strategy

We seek to serve people in Latin America by offering an online marketplace that can improve the quality of life of those who use it, while creating significant value for our stockholders. We serve our buyers by giving them access to a broader and more affordable variety of products and services than those available on other online and offline venues. We serve our sellers by allowing them to reach a larger and more geographically diverse user base at a lower overall cost and investment than offline venues, which enables them to build businesses. More broadly, we strive to turn inefficient markets into more efficient ones and in that process we generate value. To achieve these objectives, we apply the following strategies:

 

 

Continue to grow our business and maintain market leadership .    We have focused and intend to continue to focus on growing our business by strengthening our position as the preferred online marketplace in each of the countries in which we operate. We also intend to grow our business and maintain our leadership by taking advantage of the expanding potential client base that has resulted from the growth of Internet penetration rates in Latin America. We intend to achieve these goals through organic growth, by entering into new countries and category segments, and, when possible and advantageous, through potential strategic acquisitions of key businesses and assets.

 

 

Increase monetization of our transactions .    We have focused and will continue to focus on improving the revenue generation capacity of our business by implementing initiatives designed to maximize the revenues we receive from transactions on our platform. Some of these initiatives include increasing our fee structure, introducing listing fees in the countries where we do not currently charge them, and selling advertising and Internet marketing

 

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services on our platform. Additionally, we intend to take advantage of the natural synergies that exist between our marketplace and payments service by promoting increased use of MercadoPago so that it becomes the preferred online payment method on and off our platform.

 

 

Enhance brand awareness .    We believe that enhancing awareness of the MercadoLibre brand is important to achieve our business objectives. We intend to continue to promote, advertise and increase recognition of our brand through a variety of marketing and promotional campaigns. These may include marketing agreements with companies with significant online presence and advertising through traditional media, such as cable television. We may also use leading websites and other media such as affiliate programs, banner advertisements and keyword searches. In addition, by enhancing our e-commerce community experience, we believe we will promote brand awareness through word of mouth.

 

 

Focus on user loyalty and website enhancement .    We will continue to focus on increasing purchase frequency and transaction volumes from our existing users. We intend to do so by maintaining an appealing and convenient platform for e-commerce, improving the functionality of our website to deliver a more efficient user experience and providing our users with the help of a dedicated customer support department. We employ a number of programs aimed at fostering customer loyalty and repeated purchases, such as our MercadoLider loyalty program for high-volume sellers, our targeted and segmented direct marketing program, and MercadoPago special promotions awarding interest-free installments.

 

 

Increase operational efficiency .    We believe that our business model is an advantage in competing with traditional online and off-line retailers as we do not require a physical showroom or storage locations and do not actually process the orders. We plan to maximize this advantage by achieving economies of scale, maintaining controls on overhead costs and reducing variable costs whenever possible.

 

 

Continue to develop innovative and creative solutions .    We intend to continually enhance our trading platform in order to better serve both individuals and businesses that want to buy or sell goods and services online. We intend to continue investing to develop new tools and technologies that facilitate e-commerce on our platform and improve our users’ online experience on MercadoLibre, while addressing the distinctive cultural, geographical and other challenges of online trading in Latin America.

 

 

Serve our dynamic and active user community .    We seek to operate MercadoLibre as an open and trusted Web-based marketplace where users can access a broad market of products. We believe in treating our users with respect by applying a consistent set of policies that reinforce good online and offline behavior within our user community. We also seek to offer superior customer care in order to maintain the loyalty and satisfaction of our active user base.

Using the MercadoLibre marketplace

The MercadoLibre marketplace is an Internet-based trading platform where buyers and sellers can meet, exchange information and complete e-commerce transactions for a wide range of goods and services using either a fixed-price sale or an auction-based format. The MercadoLibre marketplace also allows sellers to list motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, real estate and services on our online classified advertisements section. Buyers typically want to inspect these higher-value items before purchasing them. The MercadoLibre marketplace offers buyers a large selection of new and used items that are often more expensive or otherwise hard to find through traditional

 

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offline sellers, such as brick-and-mortar retail establishments, offline classified advertisements, community bulletin boards, auction houses and flea markets. We believe that the MercadoLibre marketplace allows sellers to reach a large number of potential buyers more cost-effectively than through traditional offline commerce channels.

Arrival at a country-specific website .    A visitor to our website at www.mercadolibre.com will arrive at a main page that allows the visitor to pick his or her country of residence by clicking on the name of the country or its corresponding flag. After choosing a country, the visitor will be directed to the country-specific Web pages of the MercadoLibre marketplace, all of which have the same look and feel. Alternatively, visitors can enter a country-specific page by typing that country’s website address. The main differences between each country-specific Web page consist of the type and number of items available for purchase in each country, the number of confirmed registered users, the name, number and division of categories, the language (in the case of Brazil), and the availability of payment via MercadoPago. We divide our service by country, and most transactions are conducted within each country, although registered users can operate cross-border, subject to certain limitations relating to customs and tariffs. Our decision to favor a country-specific approach over a single pan-regional trading platform responds to consumer preferences in Latin America. Although cross-border trading is permitted and does occur in limited instances, the vast majority of trading remains intra-country. By dividing the service by country, we make searching, finding, pricing and comparing items in a user’s own country significantly easier, thus facilitating the shopping experience. In addition, users in Brazil speak Portuguese, and therefore Brazil could not be as easily integrated into a single platform with other countries.

In November of 2005, we acquired the operations of DeRemate, a regional competitor, except for its operations in Argentina and Chile. A visitor to the www.deremate.com website will arrive at a main page that asks the visitor to pick his or her country of residence by clicking on the name of the country or its corresponding flag. After choosing a country, the visitor will be directed to the country-specific Web pages of the MercadoLibre marketplace, but such Web page will have the look and feel of a DeRemate Web page. If the visitor picks DeRemate in Argentina or Chile, the visitor will be directed to the DeRemate websites of those two countries, which do not belong to us.

 

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The following map indicates the countries for which we operate country-specific websites.

LOGO

Operational metrics by country .    The following table shows certain metrics for 2006 by which we monitor our business.

 

       Country    Gross
merchandise
volume(1)
(in millions)
   Successful
items(2)
   Confirmed new
registered users
   Unique
sellers(3)
  

Unique

Buyers(4)

1    Argentina    $ 159.7    2,470,833    911,089    317,820    705,377
2    Brazil      562.6    7,413,210    2,789,844    699,724    2,288,125
3    Mexico      154.1    1,777,629    916,670    227,702    587,511
4    Other      198.6    2,173,076    1,364,451    437,114    805,830
     Total    $ 1,075.1    13,834,748    5,982,054    1,682,360    4,386,843

 

(1)   “Gross merchandise volume” is the value of items listed on the MercadoLibre marketplace that were successfully sold, excluding motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate.

 

(2)   “Successful items” is the number of items listed on the MercadoLibre marketplace that were successfully sold.

 

(3)   “Unique sellers” is the number of sellers that list an item for sale, without regard for the number of items sold.

 

(4)   “Unique buyers” is the number of individual buyers that purchase an item, without regard for the number of items purchased.

 

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Registration .     Although any visitor to the MercadoLibre marketplace can browse through our trading platform and view the listed items, both prospective buyers and sellers must first register before purchasing or bidding for an item, listing an item for sale or posting content on our website. Users register by completing a short online form, accepting our terms and conditions and confirming their submission from a valid e-mail address and can then purchase or bid for an item or list an item for sale. Once registered, as long as they have a good transaction history and credit profile, users can buy and sell in any of our country-specific Web pages, except for our Web pages in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Panama, Peru and Uruguay, which are not integrated with the rest of the countries due to the fact that they are relatively new markets compared to our more established markets and therefore customers in those countries are charged lower fees and monitoring efforts are in their early stages of deployment. Cross-border transactions are an immaterial percentage of all transactions on our websites. The registration process allows us to have a database with specified information for each user, which is useful in a number of areas, such as activity and success tracking, fraud prevention, measurement of operational metrics and content personalization. The registration process is integrated, so that registration for the MercadoLibre marketplace is also valid for MercadoPago.

Buying on the MercadoLibre marketplace .     Each country-specific home page contains a listing of product and service categories that allows for easy browsing of the items listed for sale in that country-specific page. Bidders can search for specific items by browsing through items within a category. Bidders can also search specific categories or the entire database of listings using keywords to describe the types of products or services in which they are interested. For each keyword search, our search engine will generate a list of relevant listings and items with links to the detailed descriptions. Each item is assigned a unique identifier so that users can easily search for and track specific items. Users can also search for a particular bidder or seller by name in order to review his or her listed items and feedback history. We often feature the most visited and popular items listed on our platform. Users can also sort listings based on the type of listing (fixed-price or auction-based), the time remaining on the listing, price, type of seller, and other filters. Sorted items are ordered according to an automated relevance algorithm. This algorithm results in a better buyer experience because it helps buyers find the most attractive items for sale faster.

Once a buyer has found an item of interest and registered with the MercadoLibre marketplace, that buyer may purchase the item immediately, or, in the case of an auction, the buyer can enter the maximum amount it is willing to pay at that time. Buyers wanting additional information about a listed item can ask the seller through a public question and answer message board that is located at the bottom of every item description page. This board is available to all other users who access that listing. We believe that this interaction between buyers and sellers increases the amount of information that users have about each item and each seller’s level of customer service, which we believe is an important part of the MercadoLibre marketplace experience. In the case of auctions, the bidder with the highest bid at the time the auction expires becomes the buyer. Sellers and bidders/buyers are notified of a number of actions that their counterparts take on the MercadoLibre marketplace, such as when a bid is placed, when a question is asked regarding an item, when a question is answered and when feedback on a user is submitted, via e-mails that are automatically sent by our software. Buyers are not charged for making bids or purchases through our MercadoLibre platform, as fees are charged to sellers and MercadoPago users.

 

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Buyers interested in finding certain items can use our “MercadoAlerta” function, which is a free alert service that any user can activate to have our system to notify the user by e-mail of any listings that fit the criteria that the user has specified, such as keyword, price range, location, category of listing, etc.

Buyers can also search MercadoLibre’s online classified advertisements for motor vehicles, vessels and aircraft by manufacturer, model, year and price; for real estate that is offered for sale or for rent by type, location and price; and for services by type and location. For these items, sellers can list their phone numbers and receive prospective buyers’ e-mail addresses, in order to allow for instant and direct communication between sellers and potential buyers. Buyers typically require a physical inspection of these items or specific types of interaction before completing a transaction, and therefore a classified advertisements service is better suited for these types of items than our traditional online purchase method.

Selling on the MercadoLibre marketplace .     A seller that is registered with us can list a product or service in any of our country-specific Web pages by completing an online form. The seller can enter the item description, including up to six photographs, the selling price and the length of time for which the item will be available for sale. In the case of auction-based sales, the seller also selects a starting price for the opening bid for the item. Additionally, a seller may select a reserve price for an item, which is the minimum price at which the seller is willing to sell the item and is typically higher than the starting price set for opening bids. The reserve price is not disclosed to bidders. A seller can also elect to sell items in individual auctions or, if he or she has multiple identical items, can elect to hold a “Dutch Auction.” For example, an individual wishing to sell ten identical watches could hold ten individual auctions or hold a Dutch Auction in which the ten highest bidders would each receive a watch and all lower bids would be rejected. Auction-based sales, however, account only for 11% of all sales on our platform, as sellers prefer to sell their items in a fixed-price format.

In each of Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela, sellers pay a listing fee. The listing fee in these countries varies by country from 0.5% to 1% of the listing price of each item (in the case of auctions it is between 0.5% and 1% of the starting price of the auction, and in the case of e-shops fees are as described in—E-shops, below.) Listing fees are subject to a maximum cap of approximately $15. In the case of auctions with a reserve price, if the maximum bid does not meet the reserve price, we charge the seller a fee of 1% of the reserve price in addition to the listing fee.

To draw attention to and enhance a listed item, sellers can elect to purchase one or more of the following optional features:

 

 

featuring a listing on a page with high traffic, such as our home page or a category home page;

 

 

preferential order of a listing in a list of items;

 

 

a listing appearing highlighted;

 

 

a listing appearing in bold face letters;

 

 

inclusion of a picture for an item on search results pages;

 

 

automatic slideshow of all the pictures in an item page; and

 

 

a combination of features at a discounted price.

 

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Optional feature fees range from approximately $0.25 up to approximately $25.00.

In order to list motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate using classified advertisements, sellers pay a listing fee ranging from approximately $5.00 to $10.00 depending on the country. We offer car dealerships the ability to purchase monthly packages that allow them to list multiple motor vehicles for a discounted monthly flat fee ranging from approximately $50.00 to $100.00, depending on the country, for up to 30 vehicles and from approximately $100.00 to $200.00, depending on the country, for up to 300 vehicles. In the case of services, the cost of a basic listing varies from approximately $6.00 to $50.00 depending on the duration of the listing. The cost of a service listing with optional features ranges from $15.00 to $100.00, also depending on its duration.

How transactions are completed on the MercadoLibre marketplace .     In the case of fixed-price items, at any time a buyer clicks on the “purchase” button and confirms its intention to purchase an item for sale, we automatically notify the buyer and seller via e-mail and make each of their respective contact information available to the other party. In the case of auctions, at the end of an auction period, we automatically notify the highest bidder (in the event the bid exceeds the reserve price if the seller set one) and seller via e-mail. Once the transaction is successfully concluded, we charge the seller a final value fee that ranges from approximately 4% to 10% of the closing price of each item sold, depending on the country and category where the transaction is completed, with a minimum fee of approximately $0.30 and a maximum fee of approximately $125.00. In e-shops, the fee structure is slightly different, as explained in—E-shops, below. We do not take possession of the item being sold at any point during the process. The buyer and seller must independently arrange for the shipment and payment of the item.

A buyer can view the seller’s feedback rating and then determine the manner of payment, such as cash, personal check, cashier’s check, or credit card, whether to use MercadoPago (which can be funded with these same direct payment methods) and also agree with the seller whether the item will be shipped before or after the payment is received. In the case of MercadoPago, the item is shipped after the buyer makes the payment to MercadoPago and before the payment is released to the seller. See “Business—The MercadoPago online payments solution.”

We do not facilitate the completion of transactions online for motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, services, and real estate, which are listed on the classified advertisements section of the MercadoLibre marketplace. This is because buyers and sellers of these items will typically inspect the listed item and make payment arrangements independently from our platform, and in some instances, they may even decide not to consummate the transaction after inspection. Although we do not require that sellers who list motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate on the MercadoLibre marketplace report to us the completion of their sales, some sellers who list these items do report them to us, in which case we will charge that seller a final value fee of approximately $0.60 up to $1.00, and we will allow the buyer and seller to submit feedback (see “—User feedback,” below).

Under the terms of our user agreement, if a seller receives an offer to buy an item that the seller listed in a fixed-price or auction format (or a bid above the reserve price, if one was set), the seller is obligated to complete the transaction. However, we have no means to force the seller and buyer to complete the transaction other than to suspend the user from our platform. In order to discourage high levels of incomplete transactions, we charge an administrative fee to sellers who have monthly ratios of non-completed to completed transactions that are significantly higher than the average and median of all other sellers. These administrative

 

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charges are calculated as a percentage of the commissions that would have been charged on the transactions. In the event a buyer and seller are unable to complete a certain transaction on the MercadoLibre marketplace, we generally credit the seller the amount of the final value fee, depending on the circumstances that prevented the parties from completing the transaction and the transaction history of the parties involved. Invoices for listing fees, optional feature fees and final value fees are sent via e-mail to sellers every two weeks. See “—Billing and collections.”

What can be purchased or sold on the MercadoLibre marketplace .     The MercadoLibre marketplace currently has over 2,000 product and service categories. Products and services are listed within a country-specific Web page. As the number of product and service categories grows, we periodically reorganize the categories under different headings to reflect the major types of items listed and the way a user would typically search for an item online and offline. Categories are organized slightly differently in the different country-specific websites to account for differences in the popularity of certain items and the availability of those items in a particular category in each country. Each category may have a number of different subcategories.

At December 31, 2006, the most important product and service categories were organized under the following headings:

 

Art and Antiques

   Domestic Appliances    Music and Movies

Baby Products

   Electronics, Audio and Video    Musical Instruments

Books, Magazines

   Health and Beauty    Real Estate

Cellular Telephones

   Home and Furnishings    Services

Clothing and Accessories

   Industry and Office    Sports and Fitness

Collectibles and Hobbies

   Jewelry and Watches    Toys and Games

Computers

   Motor Parts    Video Games

Digital Cameras and Photo

   Motor Vehicles   

At December 31, 2006, we offered a selection of over 900,000 different listings available at any given point in time in all countries combined. The number of available items varies by country and is significantly higher than the number of listings because several fixed-price listings contain multiple units of the same item available for sale. Excluding transactions relating to motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft, services, and real estate, approximately 79.1% of the transactions completed on the MercadoLibre marketplace related to new items and approximately 88.8% were completed using a fixed-price format. Our most popular items listed throughout the countries where we operate are computers and electronics and other items that are relatively standard or can be well-represented with a picture and a description, can be effectively evaluated without a physical inspection, are small, and can be easily shipped. As our community grows and additional items are listed, we intend to continue to create additional categories to respond to the needs of our users.

We have implemented policies based on our terms of use and local regulations that explain to our users that the sale of certain items on our platform is restricted or prohibited. Listings that violate our policies may result in disciplinary action against the responsible sellers, such as formal warnings, termination of a listing in violation of the policy and temporary or permanent suspension of a user from our platform.

E-shops .    We offer sellers the possibility of opening their own store, or “e-shop,” within our platform. E-shops are a useful alternative for higher volume individual sellers or small businesses that seek to have a stronger brand presence on the MercadoLibre marketplace. Sellers can personalize their e-shop by having a Web page address that includes their MercadoLibre user ID,

 

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with their logo on the Web page and customizing its design and look and feel. Additionally, items listed in e-shops have a different fee structure from those listed ordinarily on the MercadoLibre marketplace. Listing fees for e-shop users are very low, at less than $0.01 per item; final value fees are higher, at 6.5% to 10.0% of the closing price, with a maximum fee of approximately $175.00; and the listing time is longer (up to 120 days as opposed to up to 30 days for regular users). This fee structure makes e-shops especially attractive for listing a large variety of products with a low selling price, such as movies, music or books, or items with a high price and a longer turn-around time, such as very expensive plasma television sets, plotters and medical equipment. Items listed in e-shops will appear in the e-shop section of the MercadoLibre marketplace and also below regular listings in search result pages. The monthly cost of having an e-shop is approximately $7.00 for a basic type and approximately $20.00 for a featured one. E-shops were introduced during the first quarter of 2006 and are currently available in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela.

User feedback .     We have implemented a user feedback system on the MercadoLibre marketplace to facilitate the establishment of online reputations within our community by encouraging users to record comments about other users with whom they have interacted with on our platform. Every registered user has an available trading profile. Users who have transacted or interacted with a registered user may submit positive, neutral or negative feedback on a user’s profile. This profile includes the feedback rating for the user and shows comments from other MercadoLibre users who have transacted with that user in the past. Users who have developed positive reputations over time will have a star symbol displayed next to their username, which is color- and shape-coded to indicate the number of positive reviews, net of negative reviews, received by that user. Our users may review a particular user’s feedback profile to check on that user’s reputation within our community before deciding to bid on an item listed by that user or in determining how to complete the payment for and delivery of that item. We make this feedback publicly available only after two parties have rated each other or the time for providing feedback has expired, in order to minimize retaliatory feedback. In this way, we believe that our feedback system allows for more honest and unbiased feedback from all users. We believe that our user ratings system helps generate trust and ease among our users and allows them to trade with a higher degree of comfort with parties with whom they have not interacted before.

MercadoLider status.     A user can become a MercadoLider (MarketLeader), MercadoLider Gold or MercadoLider Platinum user based on a combination of the following: (1) the amount billed to that user in a particular time period, (2) the time that the user has been registered with us, (3) the number of sales that the user conducts per month, and (4) the percentage of positive feedback from other users. Users with MercadoLider status are sellers who are very active and receive a high number and percentage of positive reviews, which makes them important members of our community. We believe that buyers recognize the importance of the MercadoLider status and have a higher degree of confidence when buying from sellers with this status. Sellers who obtain MercadoLider status enjoy several exclusive benefits, such as promotions that include only their listings, receiving information regarding what categories will be promoted, previews of new features on our platform, invitations to events and training sessions, and certain discounts. Sellers with MercadoLider Gold status receive a basic e-shop, and those with MercadoLider Platinum status receive a featured e-shop, in each case free of the monthly maintenance charge. The MercadoLider status is available in each country where we operate, although not all levels are available for certain operations.

 

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Other online community and support features .     We offer a variety of other community and support features that are designed to contribute to the growth of the MercadoLibre marketplace and to build user affinity for and loyalty to our brand and platform. The MercadoLibre marketplace facilitates communications between our buyers and sellers through an online question and answer board related to each listing and offers category-specific online bulletin boards, e-mails alerting our users to the listing of items that they want, an announcements section that covers new features on the MercadoLibre marketplace or other MercadoLibre news, and other online customer support and suggestions boards. We also offer personalized areas for our users such as “My Reputation,” “My Sales,” “My Items” and “My Purchases,” which permits users to have access to a summarized report of their recent activity on our platform, including bidding activity, selling activity, account balances, favorite categories and recent feedback. Users with their own Web pages can also post hyperlink buttons from that user’s Web page to our website and to a list of items the user has listed on the MercadoLibre marketplace.

The MercadoPago online payments solution

Our online payments service is called MercadoPago and is currently available to MercadoLibre users in each of Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela. MercadoPago was launched in Argentina in November of 2003 and then was gradually introduced in Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela, and is currently being introduced in Chile and Colombia, in that order. During 2006, our users paid approximately $87.9 million for items by using MercadoPago, which represented 8.3% of our gross merchandise volume for that year. MercadoPago enables any individual or business registered with MercadoLibre to securely and easily send and receive payments online for MercadoLibre marketplace items.

MercadoPago provides an escrow service where, after initiating a transaction on the MercadoLibre marketplace, a buyer will deposit money (typically by bank transfer, credit card payment or cash deposit) to be held by MercadoPago. Upon notice that the buyer has paid MercadoPago for the listed item, the seller will then ship that item to the buyer and once the buyer receives the item, the buyer will authorize MercadoPago to release the sale amount of the purchased item to the seller’s MercadoPago account.

In exchange for providing MercadoPago, we receive a commission from the buyer when the buyer funds MercadoPago. Our commission rates average approximately 8.0% of the sales price of a listed item. Our rates will vary depending on whether a buyer makes payments through MercadoPago by credit card, debit card, check, cash or bank transfer, except in Argentina where in May of 2006 we made our commission uniform at 6.49%. For cash, bank deposits, checks and electronic transfers, our commission rates range from 1.99% to 3.99% depending on the funding method and country, with a minimum of approximately $1.00. For credit card payments, our commission rate ranges from 6.49% of the payment amount for a single lump-sum payment, up to approximately 43.99% of the payment amount (which includes any applicable interest charged) for an eighteen-month installment plan.

During 2006, MercadoPago processed 819,326 transactions in all MercadoPago countries. The preferred method of funding MercadoPago was by credit card, which represents approximately 60.8% of the transactions processed, followed by off-line funding alternatives (such as bank deposits or collection agents) with 22.2% and online bank transfers with 16.8%. Buyers often favor credit cards to fund MercadoPago because they can use them to finance their purchases and pay in installments in most countries, and do so conveniently and safely.

 

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LOGO

 

The buyer funds MercadoPago  

The seller ships

the item

 

The buyer receives

the item

  The seller receives payment from MercadoPago

We believe that MercadoPago makes online commerce more efficient and more secure as compared to traditional offline payment methods such as checks, money orders and credit cards via merchant accounts. Traditional offline payment methods can place several obstacles in the online commerce process, including lengthy processing times, general inconvenience, undesired disclosure of personal information and risk of non-delivery. We believe that MercadoPago is well-suited for small businesses, online merchants and individuals by enabling them to send and receive payments securely, conveniently and more cost-effectively. With MercadoPago, individual sellers can offer a much broader array of payment options to buyers without the need of having a credit card merchant account or collection accounts with different banks. MercadoPago enables buyers to have their payments released only after they have received a purchased item. Our MercadoPago user network builds on the existing financial infrastructure of our users’ bank accounts, credit card relationships and the corresponding network of payment mechanisms to create what we believe is an efficient, cost-effective and relatively secure online payments solution.

MercadoPago strategy

We seek to increase the percentage of completed MercadoLibre marketplace transactions that are paid for using MercadoPago and introduce MercadoPago outside the MercadoLibre marketplace. To achieve this objective, we will focus on the following:

 

 

Increase adoption of MercadoPago among MercadoLibre marketplace users .    In the countries where MercadoPago was available, during 2006 approximately 43.8% of the MercadoLibre marketplace’s listings accepted MercadoPago for payments and 8.3% of our gross merchandise volume (excluding motor vehicles, vessels, aircraft and real estate) was completed through MercadoPago. In order to strengthen MercadoPago’s penetration into the online payments activity of the MercadoLibre marketplace, we will continue our marketing efforts on our website, further integrate MercadoPago payment options into MercadoLibre marketplace listings and develop new product features to enhance our users’ experience.

 

 

Expand to other MercadoLibre marketplace markets .    At December 31, 2006, MercadoPago was available in local currency in each of Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela. We plan to gradually introduce MercadoPago in countries where it is not yet available in order to provide our users with our online payments solution and further monetize our business. We plan to launch MercadoPago in Chile and Colombia during 2007.

 

 

Foster adoption of MercadoPago payments outside the MercadoLibre platform .    We will seek to expand the market for MercadoPago by creating additional payment services. These new products may not be related to online retail, and/or could allow us to provide services to two users who simply wish to transfer money to each other.

 

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We are currently in the final stages of development of an improved version of MercadoPago. This version of MercadoPago, which is slated for roll-out during 2007, will allow users who are not registered with MercadoLibre to send and receive payments to each other as long as they register on MercadoPago. Furthermore, this new version of MercadoPago will offer online sellers who accept MercadoPago as a means of payment on their websites the ability to provide to their customers a MercadoPago shopping cart that streamlines the shopping, billing and payment processes. We believe that the ease of use, safety and efficiency that the MercadoPago shopping cart offers will allow us to generate additional business from Web merchants that sell items outside the MercadoLibre marketplace. We believe that there is a significant business opportunity to increase adoption of MercadoPago as a payment mechanism outside of the MercadoLibre marketplace. However, a low market acceptance of these new MercadoPago features and functionality could have an adverse effect on our business.

In addition to increased functionality, the new version of MercadoPago will also have a different pricing structure from the current one. Pricing for purchases made in single installments will be charged to the seller instead of the buyer. The commission charged will vary by country, ranging from 7.0% to 10.0%. For purchases made in installments, the seller will be charged the single installment fee, but in addition to that the buyer will be charged approximately between 5.0% and 42.0% of the purchase price as a financing fee (depending on the country and number of installments).

MercadoPago services and integration with the MercadoLibre marketplace

MercadoLibre users have an integrated MercadoLibre marketplace/MercadoPago account, so that any user already registered with the MercadoLibre marketplace can start using MercadoPago by simply accepting MercadoPago’s terms and conditions. See “Business—The MercadoLibre marketplace—Registration” for information on registration with the MercadoLibre marketplace. Sellers may accept MercadoPago payments by checking a box when listing an item. Buyers can make payments using MercadoPago when they purchase items on the MercadoLibre marketplace from a seller that accepts MercadoPago payments. The following steps occur when a buyer pays for an item on the MercadoLibre marketplace using MercadoPago in each of the countries where we operate (unless we state otherwise):

 

 

a buyer will select an item for purchase on the MercadoLibre marketplace;

 

 

the buyer will enter his/her username and password and will confirm the shipping and payment information to authorize the payment, at which time we will charge the buyer our commission for using MercadoPago;

 

 

MercadoPago will debit the funds from that buyer’s MercadoPago balance or credit card account (as the buyer instructs). The buyer may also choose to fund transactions from that buyer’s bank account or pay cash in bank branches;

 

 

once the payment is processed or, in the case of a check payment, once the funds have cleared the buyer’s bank account (which may take two to five business days depending on the country), we notify the seller of receipt of payment;

 

 

the seller will then ship the item;

 

 

once the buyer receives the item, payment is released to the seller. Payment is also automatically released to the seller 14 days after the transaction unless the buyer asks us to hold the payment;

 

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at the time the funds are released to the seller, we will deduct applicable MercadoLibre marketplace selling fees. We then credit the remaining balance to the seller’s MercadoPago account; and

 

 

once the seller receives the payment to its MercadoPago account, it can make payments to others, pay MercadoLibre marketplace fees, or withdraw funds at any time via electronic funds transfer (at no charge in Argentina, Mexico and Venezuela, and for a fee of approximately $2.00 in Brazil).

We do incur transaction costs on payments at different levels in the MercadoPago payment structure based on whether the source of a payment is due from a credit card or debit card where transaction costs are significantly higher than bank account or balance-funded payments. Financial institutions and credit card companies bear the credit risk of each MercadoPago transaction paid in installments, while we only facilitate completion of these transactions. However, we do bear the risk of charge-backs from credit card companies in the event that buyers deny charges related to MercadoPago transactions. See “Risk factors—Risks related to our business—MercadoPago is susceptible to illegal uses, and we could potentially face liability for any illegal use of MercadoPago.”

We do not charge foreign exchange fees for any items listed in foreign currency, because payment for a purchased item has to be made in the local currency of each country (and if listed in another currency, at the exchange rate on the purchase date, as determined by us). We do not charge our users any fees for maintaining balances over a period of time in their MercadoPago accounts.

Customer support

We devote significant resources to providing personalized and responsive customer service and support to our MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago users. Our customer support operations are focused on ensuring our customers’ satisfaction in order to maximize trading among community members, build strong customer loyalty, drive repeat usage and grow revenue opportunities.

We provide users with different support options including:

 

 

web-based self-help content available 24 hours a day;

 

 

e-mail support; and

 

 

a telephone customer service center for all MercadoPago users that operates daily from 8 a.m. to 10 p.m., Argentina time.

These customer service options are organized by user profile and type of support required, which allows us to offer specialized account representatives to users who generate high revenues or have critical problems. Customer service representatives are available to customers for e-mail support, daily from 7:00 a.m. to 12:00 a.m. (local time of the customer service center) almost 365 days a year (except for certain holidays, which vary depending on the country). We manage customer support contacts via e-mail with our own customer relationship management software, which allows seamless integration with information from our trading platform. This ensures a more user-friendly and intuitive customer support experience for our users with offerings such as self-help menus, automated web-forms that guide them through the customer service process and integration with their transaction history. We manage our customer support services from

 

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our service centers in Buenos Aires, Argentina for all Spanish-speaking users and in Santana do Parnaíba, Brazil for our Portuguese-speaking users. In addition to the scale-related benefits of centralized customer service centers, we have selected these locations, in the case of Buenos Aires to minimize our labor costs, due to the fact our headquarters are located in Buenos Aires, and in the case of Santana do Parnaíba to serve our Portuguese-speaking customers and due to certain tax incentives.

During 2006, over 1.3 million customer e-mails were processed in our support centers. A dedicated team of approximately 425 customer support and trust & safety representatives handled these e-mails. Over 80% of those e-mails were answered within the established 24-hour response time target. Customer satisfaction index surveys show that during the year 2006, approximately 85% of all users that interacted with our customer support services rated their experience as either “good,” “very good” or “excellent.”

Transaction safety programs

We have developed certain transaction safety programs in an effort to provide our users with solutions to problems that are common in online trading. We organize all these initiatives under our MercadoSeguro program.

Our MercadoSeguro program is a comprehensive set of initiatives aimed at achieving safe and secure transactions on the MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago, and includes our Intellectual Property Protection program and Buyer Protection program. This set of initiatives provides guidelines for safe online trading, makes information available to help resolve user disputes, responds to reports of misuses of our platform, mediates disputes between our users and runs preventive site monitoring to detect suspicious activity.

MercadoSeguro includes certain transaction safety initiatives to detect and deter possible instances of fraudulent transactions before they are completed. The initiatives employ preventive modeling techniques, automated transaction profile filters, account restrictions and limits, user verification and account investigations that are designed to detect and address fraudulent transactions before they affect users. In 2006, less than 0.05% of successful items sold were confirmed as fraudulent. In these limited number of cases where preventive actions are not successful at deterring fraudulent activity on our platform, our Buyer Protection program covers users for losses up to $600 incurred in the transaction if the buyer meets certain conditions. See “—Buyer protection program.”

We also conduct, whenever possible, additional monitoring and automated filtering of listings on the MercadoLibre marketplace to assure that items offered for sale comply with applicable laws, regulations and our MercadoLibre terms and conditions of use of our platform. We identify high-risk transactions with the use of automatic filters that detect regulated items such as medicines, health supplements and weapons, and transaction safety employees will check if the listing must be removed. We employ over 150 employees in our transaction safety operations centers, which are located in Buenos Aires, Argentina and Santana do Parnaíba, Brazil, and serve all countries in proportion to each country’s market size and level of fraudulent activity.

Intellectual Property Protection program .    We have taken steps to protect the intellectual property rights of third parties, which MercadoLibre users could potentially infringe. In 2001, we established the “ Programa de Protección de Propiedad Intelectual ” (Intellectual Property Protection Program, or IPP Program), a program that enables owners of intellectual property rights to identify and report listings on the MercadoLibre marketplace that offer allegedly

 

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infringing items. The program is available free of charge to any claimant. In order to use the program, a claimant must submit to us via e-mail a Notice of Claimed Infringement form. Our IPP Program team will remove the infringing item after investigating the claim. Approximately 700 entities and individuals currently utilize the IPP Program to protect several types of intellectual property rights. In applying the IPP Program, we remove reported infringing listings and suspend repeat offenders.

Buyer Protection program .     The MercadoLibre Buyer Protection program covers qualified purchases that a buyer pays for and does not receive. The coverage is provided at no cost for up to approximately $600 of qualified purchases on the MercadoLibre marketplace, depending on the country (the program is available in Argentina, Brazil, Colombia, Chile, Mexico and Venezuela) and whether the seller is a MercadoLider Platinum, MercadoLider Gold, MercadoLider or a regular user. A purchase is eligible for coverage if the item purchased is a tangible good, the buyer uses a payment system that provides proof that the payment was made, and the buyer uses seller information that is associated with the listing. The range of coverage, depending on the factors previously listed, has a cap of $85.00 in the cases of sellers that are regular users, and the cap increases with the status of the seller. Although we do not charge for the program, we deduct an administrative fee of between $15.00 and $25.00 on payments that are made to eligible buyers. Under the Buyer Protection Program a buyer has 30 days from the purchase date to file a claim through our website. Each time a buyer files a claim through the MercadoLibre Buyer Protection program, we first make sure that the buyer and the transaction are eligible for coverage. If so, we notify the buyer by email and the buyer must file a coverage claim through our site within 30 days. Then, we work with both the buyer and the seller to gather the details of the transaction in question. Our transaction safety team is in charge of the investigation and resolution process. We investigate the facts of the case by contacting both the buyer and seller and reviewing the history of the transaction. We then evaluate the facts and the status of the buyer and seller in the MercadoLibre community. Finally, we come to a conclusion based on all the information reviewed. If the coverage is granted, the buyer will have to file, sign and mail to us a reimbursement agreement within 60 days, and the payment will be made. Buyers are limited to one Buyer Protection program refund every six months. In 2006, the total amount of payments under the Buyer Protection program, net of administrative fee charges, was $43,000.

We treat this program as a marketing program, and not as insurance. Therefore, we have not purchased any reinsurance to protect us against payouts on the Buyer Protection Program. However, we believe that our fraud detection and prevention tools and processes provide us with adequate protection.

Marketing

Our marketing strategy is to promote the MercadoLibre brand and grow our platform by attracting new users and promoting more frequent trading by our existing users. To this end, we employ various means of advertising, including leading portals, our affiliates program, cable television, paid positioning in leading search engines, search engine optimization and off-line events. Our investment in all marketing activities was $6.1 million for 2004, $9.2 million for 2005 and $14.0 million for 2006.

Specifically, we rely mostly on online advertising to promote our brand and attract potential buyers and sellers to our website. Our online activities focus on:

 

 

Negotiating and signing agreements with portals and websites that we believe could reach our target audience. These agreements allow us to purchase online advertising positions where we

 

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can market ourselves and show our promotions to potential users. During 2006, we entered into arrangements with most of the leading portals throughout Latin America, including MSN, Yahoo!, Google and UOL.

 

 

Actively managing our “MercadoSocios” program, an affiliates program that financially rewards site owners for directing new users to our platform who ultimately register with and conduct transactions on MercadoLibre. The MercadoSocios program is available in all countries where we operate, except Ecuador, Uruguay, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic and Panama. With our MercadoSocios program any site owner can place a link to our website with a pre-approved icon that we provide. If an Internet user clicks on the link, arrives at our website, registers as a user and completes transactions on our platform, we compensate the site owner. For each new registered user that completes a transaction on our platform, we pay the site owner that directed the user to us a fee of approximately $2.5, and we pay the site owner 20.0% of the commissions that that user pays us for transactions carried out in the first 30 days after that user registered.

 

 

Investing in preferential placing on the most popular search engines in each country where we operate, such as Google and Yahoo Search. We purchase advertising space next to the results of certain keyword searches related to our activities.

 

 

Structuring our website so that it appears among the top natural results for certain keyword searches.

Since 2005, we have been running an annual cable television commercial campaign on a regional basis to increase brand awareness and recognition. We believe that cable television subscribers in Latin America offer an interesting demographic group based on both socio-economic profiling and the high penetration of Internet usage among cable television subscribers. During 2006, our cable media campaign ran from March to May and then from August through December.

In addition to online and television advertising, we seek to reinforce our brand and increase transaction levels within the existing MercadoLibre user base through activities such as permission-based e-mail marketing and special promotions on our website. We utilize information regarding our users’ past bids, sales and purchases in order to better target the messages that we communicate through these activities.

We also conduct a variety of initiatives that focus on attracting and training sellers. We organize events such as “MercadoLibre Universities” and seller meetings in all countries where we have an office. MercadoLibre Universities are full-day sessions of approximately 100 to 250 new users where we teach how to buy and sell on the MercadoLibre marketplace. During seller meetings we teach sellers with high-potential or with MercadoLider status more advanced selling techniques and allow them to discuss issues of interest with our employees. Additionally, certain seller activities are streamed over the Internet to reach a larger audience than is possible in live meetings. We also participate in trade shows in order to build brand awareness and attract potential sellers.

The positioning of the MercadoLibre brand among Internet users is one of our key marketing concerns, and our goal is to position MercadoLibre’s name and concept as a trustworthy platform in the public’s mind. We conduct surveys every year in our key markets to gauge the position of our brand in the minds of consumers. We consistently appear at the top of the list in areas such as consumer recall and preferences for e-commerce and online trading sites. We believe this positioning is the result of a strong and gradual evolution of our marketing efforts.

 

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Operations and technology

We believe that we have built a scalable user interface and transaction processing system that is based for the most part on internally-developed software. Our information technology platform has been designed in a horizontal architecture, which allows us to increase our processing capacity by adding more hardware which is parallel to the existing one. In this way, as our business grows, we can grow our platform with minimal disruption to the operation of our website and without having to replace equipment with more powerful and expensive hardware. Our system consists of Oracle RAC database servers running one application in one single multi-site, multi-currency, multi-look and multi-language database. We have developed in-house our own application software in Java and PL/Sql. Our operating system is Red Hat Linux.

During 2006, the MercadoLibre platform processed an average of over 17,000 database requests per second, and received an average of over 20,000 new listings and 85,000 bids per day. We also sent out an average of more than 26 million registration and transaction-related e-mails per day to our users.

We believe that our security measures reasonably assure that our systems and data are protected from third-party intrusions. A firewall protects our servers from unauthorized access, and an intrusion prevention system blocks Web attacks to our sites.

Our platform also handles all other aspects of the buying and selling process including notifying our users via e-mail of their interactions with our system. Furthermore, the system may send daily status updates to any active sellers that wish to receive a summary of activity related to their listings rather than one notification for each event. The system maintains user registration information, billing accounts, current listings and historical listings. All our data is regularly archived to our main database and to a stand-by database (in case the main one encounters an operating problem), which is updated with a lag of up to two hours of the main one. Listings of items for sale are generated upon demand. Our information technology system updates a text-based search engine every minute with the titles and descriptions of new items, as well as pricing and bidding updates for active items. Every time an item is listed on our service or a listing enhancement option is selected by a seller, our system makes an entry into the seller’s billing account. In the case of purchased items, the entry into the seller’s billing account occurs only after the parties have rated each other through our feedback system or when the time for feedback submission has expired. Our system sends electronic invoices to all sellers via e-mail every two weeks. For convenience, sellers may place a credit card account number on file with us and their account balance is billed directly. In addition to these features, we also support a number of community bulletin boards where users can interact with each other and with our support personnel.

Our system has been designed around industry standard architectures and has been designed to reduce downtime in the event of outages or catastrophic occurrences. Our MercadoLibre platform provides 24 hour, seven-day-a-week availability, subject to a short maintenance period of approximately 90 minutes every month between 3 A.M. and 6 A.M. (Argentina time) in every country. Our system hardware is hosted at the Savvis Datacenter facility in Sterling, Virginia, which provides redundant communications lines and emergency power backup. Additionally, we have a remote duplicate database in the Savvis Datacenter facility in Miami, Florida as a back-up in case the main hosting facility encounters a failure. The Savvis Datacenter also provides us with Internet connectivity, through two different Internet links. We have an additional Internet service provider (ISP). Having these different ISPs allows us to offer Internet users alternative and redundant points of access to our websites.

 

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Due to the financial nature of MercadoPago and the online payment interface that allows users to pay for MercadoLibre marketplace commissions via credit card over the Internet, we seek to offer a high level of data security in order to build customer confidence and to protect our users’ private information. We have designed the security infrastructure for MercadoPago with the objective of protecting data from unauthorized access, both physically and over the Internet. We have incorporated multiple layers of network security and network intrusion detection devices in order to further enhance the security of MercadoPago. Components of MercadoPago communicate with each other via Secure Sockets Layer, or SSL, an industry-standard communications security protocol that require mutual authentication. We store all data relating to MercadoPago users that we deem private or sensitive in encrypted form on our database. We decrypt data relating to MercadoPago users only on an as-needed basis, using a specially designated component of the system that requires authentication before fulfilling a decryption request. Our virtual private network uses Triple Data Encryption Standard (TDES) encrypting algorithms, which provide a three step method for encrypting information.

We believe our proprietary technology infrastructure is an important asset due to its robustness, cost-effectiveness and scalability. We will constantly evaluate, research and develop new hardware and software alternative techniques to further solidify our technological infrastructure.

Product development

At December 31, 2006, we had 52 employees on our information technology and product development staff, including those who work in our MercadoPago operations. We incurred product development expenses (including salaries) in the amount of $1.3 million for 2004, $2.2 million for 2005 and $3.1 million for 2006. We also incurred information technology capital expenditures, including software licenses, of $1.9 million for 2004, $1.9 million for 2005, and $2.2 million for 2006.

We work permanently to improve both our MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago platforms so that they better serve our users’ needs and work more efficiently. A significant portion of our information technology resources is allocated to these purposes. We strive to keep the right balance between offering new features and enhancing the existing functionality and architecture of our software and hardware.

The development of new and improved features usually begins by listening to the suggestions of our community of buyers and sellers. We hold meetings periodically with both regular and highly active users to obtain feedback regarding our services and suggestions and ideas relating to possible additional features on the MercadoLibre marketplace and MercadoPago. We also receive suggestions from our chat rooms and bulletin boards. Additionally, we monitor the market for new features, formats and elements that could be adapted to our platform to improve our users’ experience.

We place significant importance in the testing and implementation phase of newly developed features. After an internal team of testers ensure that new features and upgrades are working properly, we typically involve a select group of users in using these features before we release them to the general public. Through this process we receive feedback and suggestions on how to perfect the final details of a feature. Additionally, we typically introduce new features country by country, in order to isolate and resolve any potential problems and release improved versions to subsequent countries.

 

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The adequate management of the MercadoLibre and MercadoPago software architecture and hardware requirements is as important as introducing more and better features for our users. Because our business grows relatively fast, we must ensure that our systems are capable of absorbing this incremental volume. Therefore, our engineers work to optimize our processes and equipment by designing more effective and efficient ways to run our platforms.

While we have developed most of our software technology in-house, we also outsource certain projects to outside developers. We believe that this process allows us to have a greater operating capacity and strengthen our internal know-how by incorporating new expertise to our business. In addition, our team of developers frequently interacts with technology suppliers and attends technology-related events to be familiar with the latest inventions and developments in the field.

We anticipate that we will continue to devote significant resources to product development in the future as we add new features and functionality to our services. The market in which we compete is characterized by rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards, frequent new service and product announcements, introductions and enhancements and changing customer demands. Accordingly, our future success will depend on our ability to adapt to rapidly changing technologies, to adapt our services to evolving industry standards and to continually improve the performance, features and reliability of our service in response to competitive service and product offerings and evolving demands of the marketplace. In addition, the widespread adoption of new Internet, networking or telecommunications technologies or other technological changes could require us to make substantial expenditures to modify or adapt our services or infrastructure. See “Risk Factors—Risks related to our business—Our future success depends on our ability to expand and adapt our operations to meet rapidly changing industry and technology standards in a cost-effective and timely manner, and on the continued market acceptance of our products and services.”

Billing and collections

Although billing is performed on a daily basis, each user is billed approximately twice every month, depending on the user’s activity level and the user’s billing calendar. We have developed a credit policy to determine different credit levels for each user depending on their payment history. Based on this policy, a user will have higher credit with us depending on the number of invoices that the user has paid on time. This is particularly important because it allows new users to start selling on the MercadoLibre marketplace without placing a credit card number on file while limiting our exposure to bad debt. The billing and collections practices are substantially the same in each country where we operate.

Bills are due five days after the issue date. We send invoices, due dates and overdue invoice reminders via e-mail, and our local collection teams in each country perform telephone reminders and follow up on large invoices. If an invoice remains unpaid for more than five days after the due date, we block the user from selling on the MercadoLibre marketplace and suspend the user’s outstanding listings until the invoice is paid. We submit invoices that are more than 45 days past-due to an external collection agency that conducts the collections process on our behalf. For invoices that are more than 240 days past-due, we proactively offer payment plans and discounts in an effort to gain the customer back. These processes allowed us to improve our collection rates over time and achieve a bad debt rate of approximately 11.9% of net revenues in 2006. Our accounts receivable at December 31, 2006 represented 11 days of our December 2006 net revenues.

 

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Our Finance and Administration department utilizes software from SAP, AG in its accounting operations for processing accounts payable, and exercising controls of fixed assets, among other tasks. In September of 2004, we began using the SAP R/3 Enterprise program in a centralized and integrated way for all our operations. We have adapted this software to local accounting and legal norms in each of the countries where we operate.

Seasonality

Like most retail businesses, we experience the effects of seasonality throughout the calendar year. Although much of our seasonality is due to the Christmas season, the geographic diversity of our operations contributes to the mitigation of the seasonality attributed to summer vacation time ( i.e. southern and northern hemispheres) and national holidays.

Typically, the fourth quarter of the year is the strongest in every country where we operate due to the significant increase in transactions before the Christmas season. Unlike the northern hemisphere, the first quarter of the year is our slowest period. The months of January, February and March normally correspond to summer vacation time in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Peru and Uruguay. Additionally, the Easter holiday falls in March or April, and Brazil celebrates Carnival for one week in February or March. This is partially mitigated by the countries located in the northern hemisphere, such as Colombia, Mexico and Venezuela, the slowest months of which are the summer months of July, August and September.

Competition

The market for trading over the Internet is rapidly evolving and highly competitive, and we expect competition to intensify even further in the future. Barriers-to-entry for large, established Internet companies are relatively low, and current and new competitors can launch new sites at a relatively low cost using commercially available software. We currently or potentially compete with a number of other companies. Our direct competitors include various online sales and auction services, including DeRemate in Chile and Argentina, MasOportunidades.com in Argentina, and a number of other small services, including those that serve specialty markets. We also compete with businesses that offer business-to-consumer online e-commerce services such as B2W in Brazil, and with shopping comparison sites, such as Buscape and Bondfaro, located throughout Latin America.

In addition, we face competition from a number of large online communities and services that have expertise in developing online commerce and facilitating online interaction. Some of these competitors, including Google, Amazon.com, Microsoft and Yahoo! currently offer a variety of online services, and certain of these companies may introduce online trading to their large user populations. Other large companies with strong brand recognition and experience in online commerce, such as large newspaper or media companies, may also seek to compete in the online listing market.

In September of 2001, we entered into a strategic alliance with eBay, which became one of our stockholders and started working with us to better serve the Latin American online trading community. As part of this strategic alliance, we acquired eBay’s Brazilian subsidiary at the time, iBazar, and eBay agreed not to compete with us in the region during the term of the agreement. This agreement also provided us with access to certain know-how and experience, which accelerated aspects of our development. The agreement governing our strategic alliance with

 

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eBay expired on September 24, 2006. Even though eBay is one of our stockholders, with the termination of this agreement, there are no contractual restrictions upon eBay becoming one of our competitors.

Intellectual property

We regard the protection of our copyrights, service marks, trademarks, domain names, trade dress and trade secrets as critical to our future success and rely on a combination of copyright, trademark, service mark and trade secret laws and contractual restrictions to establish and protect our proprietary rights in our products and services. We have entered into confidentiality and invention assignment agreements with our employees and certain contractors. We have also established non-disclosure agreements with our employees, strategic partners and some suppliers in order to limit access to and disclosure of our proprietary information.

We pursue the registration of our trademarks and service marks in each country where we operate, in the United States and in certain other Latin American countries. Generally, we register the name “MercadoLibre,” “MercadoLivre,” “MercadoPago” and “MercadoSocios” as well as our handshake logo, in each country where we operate. As part of our acquisition of DeRemate, we acquired the trademarks of DeRemate throughout the countries where it operates, except for Chile and Argentina, as well as certain other jurisdictions.

We have licensed in the past, and expect that we may license in the future, certain of our proprietary rights, such as trademarks or copyrighted material, to third parties. While we attempt to ensure that our licensees maintain the quality of the MercadoLibre brand, our licensees may take actions that could materially adversely affect the value of our proprietary rights or reputation. We also rely on certain technologies that we license from third parties, such as Oracle Corp., SAP AG, and Salesforce.com, the suppliers of key database technology, the operating system and specific hardware components for our services.

Third parties have from time to time claimed, and others may claim in the future, that we have infringed their intellectual property rights by allowing sellers to list certain items on MercadoLibre. See “Legal Proceedings” below and “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business—We could potentially face legal and financial liability for the sale of items that infringe on the intellectual property rights of others and for information disseminated on the MercadoLibre marketplace.”

Privacy policy

We believe that issues relating to privacy and use of personal information relating to Internet users are becoming increasingly important as the Internet and its commercial use continue to grow. We have adopted what we believe is a detailed privacy policy that complies with local legal requirements and outlines the information that we collect concerning our users and how we use it, and the extent to which other registered MercadoLibre users may have access to this information. Users must acknowledge and expressly agree to this policy when registering with the MercadoLibre marketplace. Our privacy protection practices have been certified by TRUSTe, a third party certification provider.

Although we send marketing communications to our users periodically, we ensure that they respect users’ notification preferences. When users register with us, they can opt out of receiving

 

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marketing e-mails from us. They can modify their notification preferences at any time in the “My MercadoLibre” section of our website. As with our privacy practices, we have also certified our direct marketing practices with TRUSTe.

We do not sell or rent any personally identifiable information about our users to any third party. However, we do disclose information to our sellers, buyers and winning bidders that contains the seller’s, buyer’s and winning bidder’s name, e-mail address and telephone number. We also use information about our users for internal purposes only in order to improve marketing and promotional efforts, and to improve our content, product offerings and site layout. We may also disclose information about our users in response to legal requirements. All information is stored on our servers located in the United States.

Employees

The following tables show the number of employees we had at December 31, 2006.

 

Country   

Number of

employees

Argentina

   434

Brazil

   275

Colombia

   11

Chile

   12

Mexico

   30

Venezuela

   16

Total

   778

We manage operations in the remaining countries remotely and electronically from our headquarters in Argentina.

Our employees in Brazil are represented by an Information Technology Companies Labor Union in the State of São Paulo ( “Sindicato dos Trabalhadores nas Empresas e Cursos de Informática do Estado de São Paulo” ) and during 2007, our customer service employees in Argentina might become members of the Retail Employees Labor Union. We consider our relations with our employees to be good and we implement a variety of human resources practices, programs and policies that are designed to hire, retain, develop and compensate our employees.

We are very proud of our employees and believe that our team is one of the most important assets of our business. We believe that our employees are among the most knowledgeable in the Latin American Internet industry, and they have developed a deep understanding of our business and e-commerce in general. We have attracted and retained outstanding individuals over the years. A significant portion of our personnel has been with the company for several years, and we strive to bring more talent by hiring individuals with an Internet-related background and experience. Similarly, our future success will depend on our ability to attract and retain capable professionals. See “Risk factors—Risks related to our business—We depend on key personnel.”

In order to support our Human Resources department, we implemented SAP’s human resources module across our business. We believe this will allow us to centralize our employee database and important human resources functions, such as payroll processing, to improve our controls and reduce certain administrative costs.

 

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Facilities

Our principal administrative, marketing and product development facilities are located in our offices in Buenos Aires, Argentina; Santana do Parnaíba and São Paulo, Brazil; Mexico City, Mexico; Caracas, Venezuela; Bogotá, Colombia; and Santiago, Chile. Currently, all of our offices are occupied under lease agreements. Other than the Venezuelan office lease, the leases for our facilities do not provide for renewal options. After expiration of these leases, we can renegotiate the leases with our current landlords, or move to another location. The following table shows the location of our offices and centers, and the term of the leases under which they operate.

 

City and Country    Facility    Address    Approximate
square meters
   Lease term

Buenos Aires, Argentina

   Corporate headquarters, Argentina operation & Customer service center    Tronador 4890—floors 6 th and 8 th , Buenos Aires, 1430—Argentina    1,826    March 2008

Buenos Aires, Argentina

   Customer service center    Av. Costanera Rafael Obligado y Geronimo Salguero, Buenos Aires, Argentina    1,740    January 2012

São Paulo, Brazil

   Brazil operation    Rua Gomes de Carvalho, 1306 Vila Olimpia, Cep 04547-005—São Paulo, Brazil    598    December 2007

Santana do Parnaíba, Brazil

   Brazilian Customer service center    Rua Yojiro Takaoka, 4350 Cep 06541-038— Santana do Parnaíba, São Paulo, Brazil    673    October 2009

Bogotá, Colombia

   Colombia operation    Calle 93 B # 17-25 Ofc.406, Bogotá, Colombia    107    May 2007

Santiago, Chile

   Chile operation    Coronel Pereira 72, oficina 301, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile    131    April 2009

Mexico City, Mexico

   Mexico operation    Ibsen 43-101, Colonia Polanco, Miguel Hidalgo, Código Postal 11650, México D.F. México    147    December 2008

Caracas, Venezuela

   Venezuela operation    Oficina A del Piso 5 del Centro Gerencial Mohedano, Calle Los Chaguaramos con Avenida Mohedano de la Urbanización La Castellana, Municipio Chacao, Estado Miranda, Venezuela    220    February 2008

All of our properties are leased. We do not own any properties.

 

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Government regulation

A variety of laws, decrees and regulations govern our main activities in the countries where we operate. In Argentina, we are subject to e-commerce laws such as Resolution N°104/05 adopted by the Ministry of Economy and the Argentine Consumer Protection Agency, which establishes certain information requirements for Internet providers. We are also subject to Law N°25,326, as amended, and its corresponding regulations, which mandate the registration of databases with the Data Protection Agency and regulate, among other things, the type of information that can be collected, and how information can be used. In Brazil, we are subject to Law N°9,507, as amended, and its corresponding regulations, which establish, among other things, privacy requirements and the Habeas Data process, recognizes consumers’ rights to access, modify and know information collected in databases. In Chile, we are subject to Law N°19,628, as amended, and its corresponding regulations, which establish, among other things, consumers’ rights to access, modify and know information collected in databases. In Mexico, we are subject to the Ley Federal de Protección al Consumidor (Consumer Protection Federal Law), which establishes certain provisions for e-commerce transactions. We are also subject to a decree adopted on June 7, 2000 that amended and introduced provisions in the Mexican Commercial Code, Civil Federal Code and Consumer Protection Law, addressing different issues related to e-commerce, consumer affairs, digital signatures and electronic messages. In Mexico, we are also subject to law NOM-151-SCFI-2002, which establishes certain required commercial practices related to the conservation of messages with data.

We believe that the agency-based structure that we currently use for MercadoPago allows us to operate this service without obtaining any governmental authorizations or licenses or being regulated as a financial institution in the countries where we offer MercadoPago. However, as we continue to develop MercadoPago, we may need to secure governmental authorizations or licenses or comply with regulations applicable to financial institutions in the countries where we offer this service.

There are laws and regulations that address foreign currency and exchange rates in every country where we operate. We need governmental authorization to pay invoices to a foreign supplier or send money abroad only in Venezuela due to foreign exchange restrictions. See “Risk factors—Risks related to doing business in Latin America—Local currencies used in the conduct of our business are subject to depreciation, volatility and exchange controls” for more information.

Legal proceedings

From time to time, we are involved in disputes that arise in the ordinary course of our business. The number and significance of these disputes is increasing as our business expands and our company grows. Any claims against us, whether meritorious or not, are time consuming, can result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time, and can result in the diversion of significant operational resources. We are subject to various tax, labor, social security and civil lawsuits and administrative proceedings which involve amounts totaling approximately $1.6 million.

At December 31, 2006, we had 68 cases in litigation against our Brazilian subsidiary in the Brazilian ordinary courts. In addition, at December 31, 2006 our Brazilian subsidiary had more than 670 cases still in litigation in consumer courts, where a lawyer is not required. In most of these cases, the plaintiffs asserted that we were responsible for fraud committed against them, or responsible for damages suffered when purchasing an item on the website, when using

 

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MercadoPago, or when we invoiced them. We do not believe that any single pending lawsuit or administrative proceeding, if adversely decided, would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition or results of operations, except for the proceedings described below.

At December 31, 2006, our total provisions for proceeding-related contingencies were approximately $0.3 million for 157 legal actions against us where a loss is probable. We do not reserve provisions for possible and remote losses.

On March 28, 2003, Qix Skateboards Indústria e Comércio Ltda., or Qix, sued MercadoLivre.com Atividades de Internet Ltda., our Brazilian subsidiary, in the 3 rd Civil Court, County of Novo Hamburgo, State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Qix alleged that our Brazilian subsidiary was infringing Qix’s trademarks as a result of users selling allegedly counterfeit Qix shoes through the Brazilian page of our website, based on Brazilian Industrial Property Law (Law 9,279/96). Qix sought an order enjoining the sale of Qix-branded shoes on the MercadoLibre marketplace with a $50,000 daily non-compliance penalty. An injunction was granted to prohibit the offer of Qix products on our platform, but the penalty was established at $500. We appealed the decision, but the injunction was not lifted. To date, we have not received the summons for the original action because we filed an appeal challenging the jurisdiction of the court, which appeal is still pending. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and we intend to continue defending this action.

On November 5, 2003, Editora COC Empreendimentos Culturais Ltda., or Editora COC, sued our Brazilian subsidiary in the 3 rd Civil Court of the County of Bauru, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Editora COC alleged that our Brazilian subsidiary and an identified user were both infringing Editora COC’s trademarks as a result of our users selling allegedly pirate copies of Editora’s COC CD-ROMs through the Brazilian page of our website, based on Brazilian Industrial Property Law (Law 9,279/96) and the Brazilian Copyright Law (Law 9,610/98). Editora COC sought an order for the search and seizure of products held by the user and enjoining the sale of Editora COC-branded products on our platform. An injunction was granted to prohibit the offer of Editora COC’s products on our platform. In 2005, the court ruled against us and held that we had to pay $3,000 and our co-defendant had to pay $900 in moral damages, plus an amount of material damages to be defined at judgment execution, plus attorneys’ fees in the amount of 10% of the total damages paid by each defendant. We have appealed the ruling to the relevant court of appeals, and we intend to continue defending this action.

On March 17, 2006, Vintage Denim Ltda., or Vintage, sued our Brazilian subsidiary, in the 29 th Civil Court of the County of São Paulo, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Vintage requested a preliminary injunction alleging that our Brazilian subsidiary was infringing Diesel trademarks and their right of exclusive distribution as a result of sellers listing allegedly counterfeit and original imported Diesel- branded clothing through the Brazilian page of our website, based on Brazilian Industrial Property Law (Law 9,279/96). Vintage sought an order enjoining the sale of Diesel- branded clothing on our platform. An injunction was granted to prohibit the offer of Diesel- branded products. We appealed the decision, but the injunction was not lifted. Our appeal is pending. Vintage filed an action requesting a permanent injunction on May 12, 2006, alleging the same facts as alleged in the preliminary injunction request. In September of 2006, a $150,000 fine was imposed on our Brazilian subsidiary due to the alleged non-compliance of the preliminary injunction. We filed an appeal to the fine and requested its suspension pending a final adjudication on the merits. In October of 2006, the fine was suspended and on January 23, 2007, the fine was declared null and void. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and we intend to continue defending this action.

 

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On April 6, 2006, Fallms Distribuição de Fitas Ltda., or Fallms, and 100% Nacional Distribuidora de Fitas Ltda., or 100% Nacional, sued our Brazilian subsidiary in the Second Civil Court of Santo Amaro, County of São Paulo, State of São Paulo, Brazil. Fallms and 100% Nacional alleged that our Brazilian subsidiary was infringing their intellectual property rights as a result of users selling unauthorized copies of their copyrighted movies through the Brazilian page of our web site and by using their trademark “Brasileirinhas” on such copies. Fallms and 100% Nacional sought an order enjoining the sale of Fallms, 100% Nacional and “Brasileirinhas” branded movies on our platform. An injunction was granted to prohibit the offer of Fallms, 100% Nacional and “Brasileirinhas” branded movies. We were summoned in March of 2007 and presented our defense on March 14, 2007. We will petition the judge to reconsider the injunction. We believe that we have meritorious defenses and we intend to continue defending this action.

We filed our first three applications to register the name “MercadoLivre” in Brazil with the Instituto Nacional da Propriedade Industrial (the National Institute of Industrial Property, or INPI) on October 7, 1999. Editora Livre Mercado Ltda., a publishing company, challenged these three applications based on their trademark “Livre Mercado,” a trade magazine. These challenges are currently pending with INPI. In addition to these processes, Agência Folha de Notícias Ltda., a news company, filed an application to register the name “MercadoLivre” on October 7, 1999, a few hours before we filed our application. We challenged that application. However, we cannot assure you that we will succeed in obtaining these trademarks or in our challenges to existing or future applications by other parties. If we are not successful, we could face claims by any future trademark owners. Any past or future claims relating to these issues, whether meritorious or not, could cause us to enter into costly royalty and/or licensing agreements. We may also have to modify our brand name in Brazil (or other jurisdictions) if any successful demands against us are too expensive. Any of these circumstances could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Other third parties have from time to time claimed, and others may claim in the future, that we have infringed their intellectual property rights. We have been notified of several potential third-party claims for intellectual property infringement through our website. These claims, whether meritorious or not, are time consuming, can be costly to resolve, could cause service upgrade delays, and could require expensive implementations of changes to our business methods to respond to these claims. See “Risk Factors—Risks Related to our Business—We could potentially face legal and financial liability for the sale of items that infringe on the intellectual property rights of others and for information disseminated on the MercadoLibre marketplace.”

 

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Management

Executive officers and directors

The following table sets forth certain information regarding our executive officers and directors upon completion of the offering:

 

Name    Age    Position
 

Marcos Galperín

   35    Director, President and Chief Executive Officer

Nicolás Szekasy

   42    Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

Hernán Kazah

   36    Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer

Edgardo Sokolowicz

   41    Senior Vice President and Chief Technology Officer

Stelleo Tolda

   39    Senior Vice President and Country Manager—Brazil

Nicolás Galperín

   38    Director

Marcos Clutterbuck*

   36    Director

Michael Spence*

   63    Director
 

 

*   Independent directors.

Alberto Delgado, Timothy Kingston and Gerardo Rosenkranz will serve as directors until the completion of this offering, at which time they will resign. All of our officers and directors hold office until their respective successors are elected at a general stockholders’ meeting and qualified or until their earlier resignation or removal. We have two directors, Marcos Clutterbuck and Michael Spence, who we consider independent under the rules of the Nasdaq Global Market, as currently in effect. We expect to appoint an additional director before the completion of this offering whom we expect to consider independent.

Executive officers

Marcos Galperín , one of our co-founders, has served as our Chief Executive Officer and director since we started in 1999. Prior to working with us, Mr. Galperín worked in the fixed income department of JPMorgan in New York from June to August 1998 and at YPF S.A., an integrated oil company, in Buenos Aires, Argentina, where he was a Futures and Options Associate and managed YPF’s currency and oil derivatives program from 1994 to 1997. Mr. Galperín received an MBA from Stanford University in 1999 and graduated with honors from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1994.

Nicolás Szekasy has served as our Chief Financial Officer since 2000. Before joining us, Mr. Szekasy was the Chief Financial Officer of Supermercados Norte S.A., one of Argentina’s largest retailers, in Buenos Aires from 1998 to 2000 and worked for 7 years at Pepsico, Inc., a consumer products company, in Buenos Aires, Dallas and Mexico from 1991 to 1998, where he also served as Commercial Director and Strategic Planning Director. Mr. Szekasy obtained an MBA from Stanford University in 1991 and graduated from the University of Buenos Aires with a Bachelor’s degree in Economics.

Hernán Kazah , one of our co-founders, has served as our Chief Operating Officer since our formation in 1999. Before joining MercadoLibre, Mr. Kazah worked as a consultant at Mercer Management Consulting in Boston, Massachusetts in the summer of 1998 and served as Brand Manager for Procter & Gamble Co., a consumer products company, in Argentina, Paraguay and

 

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Uruguay from 1994 to 1997. Mr. Kazah received an MBA from Stanford University in 1999 and graduated magna cum laude from the University of Buenos Aires with a Bachelor’s degree in Economics.

Edgardo Sokolowicz has served as our Chief Technology Officer since January 2000. Prior to joining us, he served as Development Manager for Peoplesoft, Inc., a software company, from 1995 to 2000, Project Leader for Latin America at SADESA, S.A., a leather goods company, from 1988 to 1995, and Programming Analyst for Radio Victoria Fueguina S.A., an electronics manufacturing company, from 1985 to 1987. Mr Sokolowicz has a degree in Information Technology from the National Technological University of Argentina.

Stelleo Tolda is a Senior Vice President and has served as our Country Manager of Brazil since 1999. He is in charge of all our activities in Brazil. Before joining us, Mr. Tolda worked in several financial institutions, such as investment banks Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated and Lehman Brothers Inc. in the United States, in 1998 and 1999, respectively, and Banco Pactual S.A. and Banco Icatu S.A. in Brazil, from 1996 to 1997 and from 1994 to 1996, respectively. He holds an MBA from Stanford University, and a Master’s Degree and Bachelor’s Degree in Mechanical Engineering, also from Stanford.

Directors

Nicolás Galperín worked at Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, an investment bank, from 1993 until 2006, as a Managing Director and head of trading and risk management for the London emerging markets trading desk, as well as a trader of high-yield bonds, emerging market bonds and derivatives in New York and London. Mr. Galperín is now the principal of Onslow Capital Management Limited, an investment management company based in London, where he started working in 2006. Mr. Galperín graduated with honors from the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania in 1994. Mr Galperín is the brother of Marcos Galperín, our chief executive officer.

Marcos Clutterbuck is a Partner of Hicks Trans American Partners (HTAP), an investment company, and head of its Buenos Aires Office. Mr. Clutterbuck also serves as a Principal of HM Capital Partners LLC, an investment company and an affiliate of HMTF-LA (MercadoLibre) Investments, LLC, which owns         % of our common stock, and has served as a director of several companies, including CableVision S.A., Teledigital S.A., Claxson Inc., Bariloche Uno S.A., all media companies, International Outdoor Advertising Ltd., an advertising company, Editorial Atlántida S.A., a publishing company, Grupo Pilar S.A., an animal feed company, and CC Desarrollos S.A. Prior to joining HM Capital in 1998, Mr. Clutterbuck worked in consulting and banking. During that time, Mr. Clutterbuck was also an Assistant Professor of Economics at the Universidad Católica Argentina. Mr. Clutterbuck is an Economics graduate from the Universidad Católica Argentina and received his M.B.A from Stanford University.

Michael Spence is Professor Emeritus of Management in the Graduate School of Business at Stanford University, a partner at Oak Hill Capital Partners, a private equity firm, and a Senior Fellow of the Hoover Institution at Stanford. He served as dean of the Stanford Business School from 1990 to 1999. Dr. Spence was awarded the John Kenneth Galbraith Prize for excellence in teaching and the John Bates Clark medal for a “significant contribution to economic thought and knowledge.” In 2001, Dr. Spence received the Nobel Prize in Economic Sciences. Dr. Spence earned his undergraduate degree in philosophy at Princeton summa cum laude and was selected for a Rhodes Scholarship. He was awarded a B.S.-M.A. from Oxford and earned his Ph.D. in economics at Harvard. He taught at Stanford as an Associate Professor of Economics from 1973 to 1975. From 1975 to 1990, he served as professor of Economics and Business Administration at

 

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Harvard, holding a joint appointment in the Business School and the Faculty of Arts and Sciences. In 1983, he was named chairman of the Economics Department and George Gund Professor of Economics and Business Administration. From 1984 to 1990, Dr. Spence served as the Dean of the Faculty of Arts and Sciences at Harvard, overseeing Harvard College, the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences, and the Division of Continuing Education. Dr. Spence serves on the boards of General Mills, Inc., a food products company, and a number of private companies. In the past he has served on the boards of Bank of America, Nike Inc., a sporting apparel company, Siebel Systems, Inc., a software company, Exult Inc, a human resources company, Torstar Corporation, a publishing company, and Sun Microsystems, Inc., an information technology company.

Director independence

Our board of directors has affirmatively determined that Marcos Clutterbuck and Michael Spence meet the definition of “independent director” under Rules 4200 and 4350 of the Nasdaq Global Market listing standards.

Rules 4200 and 4350 of The Nasdaq Global Market require that a majority of our board of directors qualify as “independent” no later than the first anniversary of the completion of the offering. After appointment of an additional director prior to completion of this offering, we will be in compliance with these requirements. Committees need to have at least one independent member upon completion of this offering, a majority of independent directors within 90 days of completion of this offering and all independent members within one year of completion of this offering. We intend to comply with these requirements for each of our committees.

Family relationships

Our Chief Executive Officer, Mr. Marcos Galperín, and one of our directors, Mr. Nicolás Galperín, are brothers. There is no other family relationship between our directors and executive officers.

Board of directors

Composition of our board of directors upon completion of this offering

Our bylaws provide that our board of directors shall consist of such number of directors as determined from time to time by resolution of the board. Upon completion of this offering, the board of directors will consist of five members, one of whom is our president and chief executive officer. Our board of directors will be divided into three classes, each of which will be up for re-election every three years, as follows:

 

 

Class I, which will initially consist of Michael Spence, whose term will expire at our annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2008;

 

 

Class II, which will initially consist of Nicolas Galperín and Marcos Clutterbuck, whose terms will expire at our annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2009;

 

 

Class III, which will initially consist of Marcos Galperín and an additional director that we expect to appoint prior to completion of this offering, whose terms will expire at our annual meeting of stockholders to be held in 2010.

Each director is elected for a term of three years and serves until a successor is duly elected and qualified or until his or her death, resignation or removal. Any additional directorships resulting

 

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from an increase in the number of directors or a vacancy may only be filled by the directors then in office. Our board of directors has the authority to appoint committees to perform certain management and administration functions.

Board committees

Upon completion of this offering, our board of directors will have three committees: the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating and corporate governance committee. The board of directors will have adopted a written charter for each of these committees, effective upon completion of this offering.

Audit committee

Upon completion of this offering, we will have an audit committee consisting of three directors. The audit committee will be responsible for:

 

 

reviewing the performance of the independent accountants and making recommendations to the board of directors regarding the appointment or termination of the independent accountants;

 

 

considering and approving, in advance, all audit and non-audit services to be performed by the independent accountants;

 

 

overseeing management’s establishment and maintenance of our accounting and financial reporting processes and the audits of our financial statements;

 

 

establishing procedures for the receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by us regarding accounting, internal control or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by our employees of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters;

 

 

investigating any matter brought to its attention within the scope of its duties and engaging independent counsel and other advisers as the audit committee deems necessary;

 

 

determining compensation of the independent auditors, compensation of advisors hired by the audit committee and ordinary administrative expenses;

 

 

reviewing annual and quarterly financial statements prior to their release;

 

 

reviewing and assessing the adequacy of a formal written charter on an annual basis; and

 

 

handling such other matters that are specifically delegated to the audit committee by our board of directors from time to time.

The SEC rules and Nasdaq Global Market rules require us to have one independent audit committee member upon initial listing of our securities, a majority of independent audit committee members within 90 days of the initial listing of our securities and all independent audit committee members within one year of the initial listing of our securities. We intend to comply with these independence requirements within the time periods specified.

The charter for our audit committee will be posted on our website upon completion of this offering.

 

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Compensation committee

Upon completion of this offering, we will have a compensation committee consisting of three directors. The compensation committee will be responsible for:

 

 

recommending to our board of directors for determination, the compensation and benefits of all of our executive officers and key employees;

 

 

monitoring and reviewing our compensation and benefit plans to ensure that they meet corporate objectives;

 

 

administering our stock plans and other incentive compensation plans and preparing recommendations and periodic reports to the board of directors concerning these matters; and

 

 

such other matters that are specifically delegated to the compensation committee by our board of directors from time to time.

The SEC rules and Nasdaq Global Market rules require us to have one independent compensation committee member upon initial listing of our securities, a majority of independent compensation committee members within 90 days of the initial listing of our securities and all independent compensation committee members within one year of the initial listing of our securities. We intend to comply with these independence requirements within the time periods specified.

Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our compensation committee, which will be posted on our website.

Nominating and corporate governance committee

Upon completion of this offering, we will have a nominating and corporate governance committee consisting of three directors. The nominating and corporate governance committee will be responsible for:

 

 

recommending to our board of directors for selection, nominees for election to our board of directors;

 

 

making recommendations to our board of directors regarding the size and composition of the board, committee structure and makeup and retirement procedures affecting board members;

 

 

monitoring our performance in meeting our obligations of fairness in internal and external matters and our principles of corporate governance; and

 

 

such other matters that are specifically delegated to the nominating and corporate governance committee by our board of directors from time to time.

Our board of directors will adopt a written charter for our nominating and corporate governance committee, which will be posted on our website.

In selecting director nominees for recommendation to the board of directors, the nominating and corporate governance committee will consider the following factors:

 

 

the appropriate size and diversity of our board of directors;

 

 

our needs with respect to the particular talents and experience of directors;

 

 

the knowledge, skills and experience of nominees, including experience in technology, e-commerce, business, finance, administration, sales, in light of the prevailing business conditions and the knowledge, skills and experience already possessed by other members of the board of directors;

 

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familiarity with Latin American business matters and experience in political affairs;

 

 

experience with accounting rules and practices, and whether such a person qualifies as an “audit committee financial expert” pursuant to SEC rules; and

 

 

balancing continuity of our board of directors with periodic injection of fresh perspectives provided by new board members.

In identifying director nominees, the nominating and corporate governance committee will first evaluate the current members of the board of directors willing to continue in service. Current members of the board of directors with skills and experience that are relevant to our business and who are willing to continue in service shall be considered for re-nomination. If any member of the board of directors does not wish to continue in service or if the committee or the board of directors decides not to re-nominate a member for re-election, the committee will identify the desired skills and experience of a new nominee in light of the criteria above. Generally, the committee strives to assemble a board of directors that brings to us a variety of perspectives and skills derived from business and professional experience. In doing so, the committee will also consider candidates with appropriate non-business backgrounds. Other than the foregoing, there are no specific, minimum qualifications that the committee believes that a recommended nominee must possess, although the committee may also consider such other factors as it may deem are in our and our stockholders’ best interests.

Number of and attendance to board of director meetings

During the fiscal year 2006, there were seven board of directors meetings. Each of Gerardo Rosenkranz, Timothy Kingston, Michael Spence and Marcos Clutterbuck attended less than 70% of those meetings.

Compensation committee interlocks and insider participation

None of our executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee (or other committee performing equivalent functions) of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving on our board of directors or compensation committee. No interlocking relationship exists between any member of the board of directors or any member of the compensation committee (or other committee performing equivalent functions) of any other company.

 

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Compensation discussion and analysis

The primary goals of our compensation committee with respect to executive compensation are to attract and retain the most talented and dedicated executive officers possible, to assure that our executive officers are compensated effectively in a manner consistent with our strategy and competitive practice and to align executive officers’ incentives with stockholder value creation. To achieve these goals, our compensation committee, with management’s input, recommends executive compensation packages to our board of directors that are generally based on a mix of salary and discretionary bonus tied to performance. Although our compensation committee has not adopted any formal guidelines for allocating total compensation between equity compensation and cash compensation, we believe it is important for these executive officers to also have some equity ownership in our company to provide them with long-term incentives to build value for our stockholders. Accordingly, since 1999 we have granted our principal executive officers certain equity awards. We believe that the awards made to date are sufficient to provide these long-term incentives. We intend to implement and maintain compensation plans that tie a substantial portion of our executive officers’ overall compensation to achievement of corporate goals and value-creating milestones. We believe that a performance-based compensation is an important component of the total executive compensation package for maximizing stockholder value while, at the same time, attracting, motivating and retaining high-quality executive officers.

We have not retained a compensation consultant to review our policies and procedures with respect to executive compensation. We conduct an annual review of the aggregate level of our executive compensation, as well as the mix of elements used to compensate our executive officers. For benchmarking executive compensation, we typically review the compensation data we have collected from publicly available sources.

Elements of compensation

Our compensation committee evaluates individual executive officer performance with a goal of setting compensation at levels the compensation committee believes are comparable with executive officers in other companies of similar size and stage of development operating in the e-commerce industry and/or the Latin American market. The compensation received by our executive officers consists of the following elements:

Base salary .    Base salaries for our executive officers are established based on the scope of their responsibilities and individual experience, taking into account competitive market compensation paid by other companies for similar positions within our industry and geographic market. Base salaries are reviewed at least annually, and adjusted from time to time to realign salaries with market levels after taking into account individual responsibilities, performance and experience.

Discretionary annual bonus .    In addition to base salaries, our executive officers are awarded discretionary annual bonuses. The annual incentive bonuses are intended to compensate officers for achieving corporate goals and for achieving what the board of directors believes to be value-creating milestones. Our annual bonus is paid in cash in an amount reviewed and approved by our board of directors. Each executive officer is eligible for a discretionary annual bonus up to an amount equal to 115% of such executive officer’s salary if the executive officer is an Executive Vice-President and 62% if the executive officer is a Senior Vice-President.

The compensation committee intends to utilize annual incentive bonuses to compensate officers for achieving financial and operational goals and for achieving individual annual performance

 

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objectives. These objectives could vary depending on the individual executive officer, but will relate generally to financial and operational targets.

Long-term incentives .    We believe that currently, the salary and performance bonus components of executive compensation, as well as the stock that executive officers currently hold, are sufficient to align the interests of our executive officers with those of our stockholders. In the past we have granted stock options and equity awards to our executive officers through our Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan, which was adopted by our board of directors to permit the grant of stock options to our employees. Upon completion of this offering we will have approximately 300,000 shares of common stock available for issuance under that plan. The board of directors has considered outstanding job performance, contributions to our company and achievement of certain benchmarks in granting past awards. We have not adopted stock ownership guidelines and our Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan has provided the principal method for our executive officers to acquire equity or equity-linked interests in our company in the past.

We do not have any program, plan or obligation that requires us to grant equity compensation on specified dates and, because we have not been a public company, we have not made equity grants in connection with the release or withholding of material non-public information. Authority to make equity grants to executive officers rests with our board of directors, although it considers the recommendations of the compensation committee and the chief executive officer for officers other than himself.

Other compensation and benefits .    We maintain broad-based benefits that are provided to certain full-time employees, including health insurance, mobile telephones, parking spaces and subsidized English and/or Portuguese lessons. We also provide life insurance policies for some of our employees in Brazil. In certain cases, if an employee is asked to relocate temporarily to another country office, we will facilitate such employee’s relocation by acting as guarantors in residential apartment lease agreements and paying for relocation expenses.

2006 summary compensation table

The following table sets forth compensation information for our chief executive officer, our chief financial officer, and our three other most highly compensated officers for the year ended December 31, 2006. These executive officers are referred to as the “named executive officers” elsewhere in this prospectus. Except as provided below, none of our named executive officers received any other compensation required to be disclosed by law or in excess of $10,000 annually.

 

       2006 annual
compensation
   Long term
compensation
awards
   All other
compensation
   Total
Name and principal position    Salary    Bonus(1)    Stock
awards
   Option
awards
     
 

Marcos Galperín

Chief executive officer

   $ 159,900    $ 123,036             $ 282,936

Nicolás Szekasy

Chief financial officer

   $ 154,050    $ 123,562             $ 277,612

Hernán Kazah

Chief operating officer

   $ 154,050    $ 121,983             $ 276,033

Edgardo Sokolowicz

Chief technology officer

   $ 101,127    $ 40,507             $ 141,634

Stelleo Tolda

Country manager Brazil

   $ 152,447    $ 69,551             $ 221,998

 

(1)   Bonuses for 2006 were paid in May of 2007.

 

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Employment agreements

We have previously entered into employment agreements with each of the above-listed executive officers.

The term of each of these employment agreement is for an undetermined period.

Each executive officer party to the employment agreements is entitled to receive the base salary set forth in such executive officer’s employment agreement, subject to the raises that we have awarded to those executive officers throughout the terms of their employment. In addition to base salary, the executive officers may receive bonus compensation as we, in our sole discretion, elect to pay them in accordance with the bonus plan policy. The executive officers are also entitled to reimbursement for reasonable out-of-pocket expenses that they incur on our behalf in the performance of their duties as executive officers.

The employment agreements provide that, during an executive officer’s employment and for so long afterwards as any pertinent information remains confidential, such executive officer will not use or disclose any confidential information that we use, develop or obtain. The agreements provide that all work product relating to our business belongs to us or our subsidiaries, and the executive officer will promptly disclose such work product to us and provide reasonable assistance in connection with the defense of such work product.

The agreements also provide that, during an executive officer’s employment, and for a period of one year after the end of an executive officer’s employment in the event of termination without “just cause,” and two years in the event of resignation or termination for “just cause” (the “non-competition period”), the executive officer will not (1) compete directly or indirectly with us, (2) induce our or our subsidiaries’ employees to terminate their employment with us or to engage in any competitive business or (3) solicit or do business with any of our present, past or prospective customers or the customers of our subsidiaries.

2006 grants of plan-based awards

There were no grants of options or shares to executive officers during the year ended December 31, 2006.

Outstanding equity awards at December 31, 2006

 

       Number of securities underlying
unexercised options and warrants
             
Name    Exercisable    Unexercisable    Unearned   

Option

exercise price

   Option
expiration date
 

Marcos Galperín

                

Nicolás Szekasy

                

Hernán Kazah

                

Edgardo Sokolowicz

                

Stelleo Tolda

   217,187       7,813    $ 0.01    (1)

 

(1)   Of a total number of 225,000 options, 100,000 expire on November 30, 2009, 100,000 on December 31, 2011 and 25,000 on December 31, 2013.

 

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Exercise of stock options and stock vested during 2006

No stock options were exercised by executive officers and no stock held by executive officers vested during the period from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006.

Our stock and stock option plans

Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan

Our Stock Option Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors on November 3, 1999 and amended in June of 2000. The Stock Option Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options, within the meaning of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Internal Revenue Code”), to our employees, and non-qualified stock options and restricted stock to our employees, directors, agents, advisors, independent consultants and contractors. Incentive stock options and non-qualified stock options are referred to as “stock options,” and together with restricted stock are referred to as “awards.” At December 31, 2006, options to purchase a total of 633,331 shares of common stock were outstanding at a weighted average price of $0.33 per share. The Stock Option Plan will terminate on November 3, 2009 or earlier if so determined by our board of directors.

Number of shares of common stock available under the stock option plan .    A total of 4,732,400 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance pursuant to the Stock Option Plan. Shares covered by awards that are forfeited or terminated without exercise will be available for future awards. The shares of common stock issuable under the Stock Option Plan shall be (1) authorized but unissued shares, (2) shares of common stock held in our treasury, or (3) a combination of (1) and (2).

Administration of the stock option plan .    The Stock Option Plan is administered by our board of directors or a committee appointed by the board of directors (the body in charge of administering the Stock Option Plan is referred to as the “administrator”). If the common stock is registered under Section 12(b) or 12(g) of the Exchange Act, the board shall consider in selecting the administrator and the membership of any committee acting as administrator the provisions of Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code regarding “outside directors” and the provisions of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act regarding “non-employee directors.” The administrator determines the recipients of awards, times at which awards are granted, number of shares subject to each type of award, the time for vesting of each award and the duration of the exercise period for options.

Price, exercise and termination of awards .    The exercise price for each share of common stock subject to an option is determined by the administrator, and in the case of an incentive stock option the exercise price cannot be less than 100% of the fair market value of the shares of common stock on the date of the grant (or 110% in the case of employees who directly or indirectly own more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock).

 

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Options are exercisable on their vesting date, which is determined by the administrator and set forth in the Award Agreement governing any particular option. Vesting dates can be accelerated on the occurrence of a specified event, as provided in an Award Agreement, or can be accelerated at the discretion of the administrator.

If a participant in the Stock Option Plan ceases to be employed or perform services for us, we have the right to repurchase any unvested shares at the exercise price paid per share. The terms and procedures of a repurchase are to be set forth in the Award Agreement that governs the relevant unvested shares.

If an option expires or is terminated or canceled without having been exercised it shall become null and void and of no further force and effect. The term of an option may not exceed beyond the tenth anniversary on which the option is granted (or the fifth anniversary in the case of incentive stock options granted to employees who directly or indirectly own 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of our stock.) An option terminates 30 days after a participant ceases to be an employee or director as a result of a termination without cause, and after 10 days of termination in the case of a termination for cause. Cause includes the conviction of a crime involving fraud, theft, dishonesty or moral turpitude, the participant’s continuous disregard of or willful misconduct in carrying lawful instructions of superiors, continued use of alcohol or drugs that interfered with the performance of the participant’s duties, the conviction of participant for committing a felony or similar foreign crime, and any other cause for termination set forth in a participant’s employment agreement. An option terminates 10 days after a participant ceases to be an independent consultant, contractor or advisor to us or agent of ours for any reason. It also terminates three months after the death or permanent disability of a participant, or, if the participant is a party to an employment agreement, the disability of such participant as defined in the employment agreement. Other reasons for termination may be set out in the Award Agreement.

An option will not be considered an incentive stock option to the extent that the aggregate fair market value (on the date of the grant of the incentive stock option) of all stock with respect to which incentive stock options are exercisable for the first time by a participant during any calendar year is greater than $100,000. No option shall be affected by a change of duties or position of a participant (including transfer to our subsidiaries) as long as the participant continues to be our employee or an employee of our subsidiaries.

Adjustments upon the occurrence of material transactions .    In the event we undergo dissolution or liquidation, a reorganization, merger or consolidation in which we are not the surviving entity, or a sale of all or substantially all of our assets (each, a “Material Transaction”) holders of options will be given 10-day prior written notice and will decide within those 10 days whether to exercise their respective options. Any option that is not so exercised will terminate. However, such notice and exercise mechanism would not apply if provision is made in connection with a Material Transaction for assumption of outstanding options, or substitution of options for new options or equity securities, with any appropriate adjustments as to the number, kind and prices of shares subject to options.

Transferability .    Unless the prior written consent of the administrator is obtained, no option can be assigned or otherwise transferred by any participant except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. Except in the case of an approved transfer, an option may be exercised during the lifetime of a participant only by the participant or his/her legal representative if the participant is legally disabled.

 

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Restricted stock .    Restricted stock awards are awards of shares of common stock that vest according to the terms and conditions established by the administrator. The administrator may impose whatever restrictions on transferability, risk of forfeiture and other restrictions as it determines. A holder of restricted stock has the rights of a stockholder, including the right to vote the restricted stock. During the restricted period applicable to the restricted stock, it may not be sold, transferred, pledged, hypothecated, margined or otherwise encumbered. Except as otherwise determined by the administrator, restricted stock that is subject to restrictions is subject to forfeiture upon termination of a participant’s employment.

Amendment .    The Board of Directors may modify the Stock Option Plan at any time. The approval by a majority of our stockholders is necessary if required by law or necessary to comply with any applicable laws and regulations. No amendment will affect the terms of any award granted prior to the effectiveness of such amendment, except with the consent of the holder of the award.

Pension benefits

We do not have any plan that provides for payments or other benefits at, following, or in connection with the retirement of any of our employees. However, as required by law in certain countries where we operate, we deduct a percentage of each employee’s salary, including our executive officers, and remit it to governmental social security agencies or private pension fund administrators, depending on the regulatory regime established in each country.

Nonqualified defined contribution and other nonqualified deferred compensation plans

We do not have any defined contribution or other plan that provides for the deferral of compensation on a basis that is not tax-qualified.

Potential payments upon termination or change in control

We may terminate an executive officer’s employment in the event that we determine, in our sole discretion, that there is “just cause” (as defined below). If we terminate an executive officer’s employment for “just cause,” such executive officer will not be entitled to receive any severance benefits, except for severance obligations mandated under the laws of the country where the executive officer resides. If we terminate the executive officer’s employment without “just cause,” such executive officer shall be entitled to a severance payment in an amount equal to one year’s gross base salary.

“Just cause” means and includes (1) the commission by the executive officer of any gross misconduct or any offense serious enough for the relationship to become impossible to continue, including without limitation, the executive officer’s willful and continuing disregard of the lawful written instructions of our board of directors or such executive officer’s superiors, (2) any action or any omission by the executive officer, resulting in such executive officer’s breach of his duty of loyalty or any act of self-dealing, (3) any material breach by the executive officer of his duties and obligations under the employment agreement as decided by our board of directors and (4) the executive officer’s conviction, in our board of director’s sole discretion, of any serious crime or offense for violating any law (including, without limitation, theft, fraud, paying directly or indirectly bribes or kick-backs to government officials, the crimes set forth in the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act of 1977 or the foreign equivalent thereof and the executive officer’s embezzlement of funds of the company and any of our affiliates.)

 

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In September of 2001, we implemented the 2001 Management Incentive Bonus Plan, or the Incentive Plan. As established in the Incentive Plan, our Chief Executive Officer established which officers would be eligible for the Incentive Plan. Pursuant to the Incentive Plan, in the event our company is sold, the eligible officers, as a group, are entitled to receive a “sale bonus” and a “stay bonus.” If the purchase price is equal to or greater than $20,000,000 then the eligible officers are entitled to receive (1) a sale bonus equal to 5.5% of the purchase price and (2) a stay bonus equal to 7.1% of the purchase price, subject in both cases to a maximum combined cap of $78,335,000. If the purchase price is less than $20,000,000, then the eligible officers, as a group, are entitled to receive the “stay bonus” only. The bonuses are divided between the eligible officers according to the participation percentages established by our Chief Executive Officer, in accordance with the Incentive Plan. A public offering of stock, such as this offering, does not constitute a sale of our company under the Incentive Plan.

2006 director compensation

We have not provided cash compensation to directors for their services as directors or members of committees of our board of directors. However, we may reimburse directors in the future for their reasonable expenses incurred in attending meetings of our board of directors and of committees of our board of directors. We do not intend to provide any compensation to directors for their services as directors or members of committees of our board of directors, with the exception of the director we expect to appoint prior to completion of this offering. We expect to pay this director for his services as a director an amount of approximately $24,000 per year.

In 2000, we granted Michael Spence 100,000 restricted shares of our common stock, which vested by the fourth anniversary of the award date. In 2001, Mr. Spence was granted 1.8% of the 5.5% sale bonus under our 2001 Management Incentive Bonus Plan.

Director and officer indemnification and limitation on liability

Our certificate of incorporation provides that, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law and except as otherwise provided in our bylaws, none of our directors shall be liable to us or our stockholders for monetary damages for a breach of fiduciary duty. In addition, our certificate of incorporation provides for indemnification of any person who was or is made, or threatened to be made, a party to any action, suit or other proceeding, whether criminal, civil, administrative or investigative, because of his or her status as a director or officer of MercadoLibre, or service as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise at our request to the fullest extent authorized under the Delaware General Corporation Law against all expenses, liabilities and losses reasonably incurred by such person. Further, our certificate of incorporation provides that we may purchase and maintain insurance on our own behalf and on behalf of any other person who is or was a director, officer or agent of MercadoLibre or was serving at our request as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.

We have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable. In the event that a claim

 

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for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by us of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, we will, unless in the opinion of our counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction in the question whether such indemnification by us is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of the directors and officers of our local subsidiaries. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the countries where our local subsidiaries operate, for certain liabilities to which they may become subject due to their position as directors or officers in our subsidiaries.

Code of ethics

We expect to adopt a code of business conduct and ethics upon completion of this offering relating to the conduct of our business by our employees, officers and directors.

 

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Principal stockholders

The following tables set forth information, as of the date of this prospectus, regarding the beneficial ownership of our equity securities: (1) immediately prior to the consummation of this offering and after the conversion of our preferred stock into common stock; and (2) as adjusted to reflect the sale of the shares of common stock in this offering by:

 

 

each person that is a beneficial owner of more than 5% of our outstanding equity securities;

 

each of our named executive officers;

 

each of our directors; and

 

all directors and named executive officers as a group.

Beneficial ownership is determined under the rules of the SEC and generally includes voting or investment power over securities. Except in cases where community property laws apply or as indicated in the footnotes to this table, we believe that each stockholder identified in the table possesses sole voting and investment power over all shares of equity securities shown as beneficially owned by the stockholder. Percentage of beneficial ownership is based on              shares of our equity securities outstanding as of the date of this prospectus, and              shares of equity securities outstanding after the completion of this offering. Shares of common stock subject to options that are currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days of the date of this prospectus are considered outstanding and beneficially owned by the person holding the options for the purposes of computing the percentage ownership of that person but are not treated as outstanding for the purpose of computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Each column in the table gives effect to the conversion of our different series of common stock and preferred stock into one single class of common stock. Unless indicated otherwise in the footnotes, the address of each individual listed in the table is c/o MercadoLibre, Inc., Tronador 4890, 8th Floor, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

 

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Shares of

common stock
beneficially

owned prior to
offering(1)

  

Shares of

common stock
beneficially
owned after

offering(2)

Name    Number    Percentage    Number    Percentage
 

Five percent stockholders:

           

eBay Inc.

           

HMTF-LA (MercadoLibre) Investments, LLC

           

J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P.

           

The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

           

Nedasur S.A.(3)

           

Directors and named executive officers:

           

Marcos Galperín

           

Nicolás Szekasy

           

Hernán Kazah

           

Edgardo Sokolowicz

           

Stelleo Tolda

           

Marcos Clutterbuck

           

Nicolás Galperín

           

Michael Spence

           

Gerardo Rosenkranz(4)

           

Alberto Delgado(4)

           

Timothy Kingston(4)

           

All directors and named executive officers as a group (9 persons)

                   

 

(1)   All shares of all series of our preferred stock outstanding prior to completion of this offering convert into the same number of shares of our common stock upon completion of a public offering such as this one pursuant to our Certificate of Incorporation in effect prior to this offering. The table assumes that the shares of preferred stock have been converted into shares of our common stock.

 

(2)   Assumes no exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares.

 

(3)   Beneficial holders of Nedasur who are also direct holders of our stock.

 

(4)   To resign upon completion of this offering.

 

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Selling stockholders

The following table sets forth information provided to us with respect to the selling stockholders and shares of our common stock beneficially owned by the selling stockholders that the selling stockholders propose to offer pursuant to this prospectus.

The shares of common stock offered by the selling stockholders pursuant to this prospectus were originally issued and sold by us in private placements. The term selling stockholders includes the holders of our common stock listed below and the beneficial owners of the common stock and their transferees, pledgees, donees or other successors.

 

      

Shares of common

stock beneficially

owned prior to offering(1)

  

Shares of

common stock

being offered(2)

   Shares of common
stock beneficially
owned after offering(2)
Name    Number    Percentage    Number    Percentage    Number    Percentage
 

Selling stockholders:

                 
                 
                               

 

(1)   All shares of all series of our preferred stock outstanding prior to this offering convert to the same number of shares of common stock upon a public offering such as this one. The table assumes that the shares of preferred stock have been converted to shares of common stock because at the time of this offering they will be automatically converted pursuant to our Certificate of Incorporation in effect prior to this offering.

 

(2)   Assumes underwriters have not exercised their option to purchase additional shares.

Except as set forth above, the selling stockholders do not have, and have not had since our inception, any position, office or other material relationship with us or any of our predecessors or affiliates. The selling stockholders identified above may have sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of all or a portion of their securities since the date on which they provided the information regarding their securities, in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act.

The selling stockholders have agreed, with limited exceptions, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, that they will not, without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated directly or indirectly, offer to sell, sell or otherwise dispose of any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, shares of our common stock or our other capital stock, other than the shares of common stock sold by the selling stockholders in this offering. See “Underwriting.”

Any selling stockholder that is identified as a broker-dealer will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, unless such selling stockholder obtained the stock as compensation for services. In addition, any affiliate of a broker-dealer will be deemed to be an “underwriter” within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act, unless such selling stockholder purchased in the ordinary course of business and, at the time of its purchase of the stock to be resold, did not have any agreements or understandings, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the stock. As a result, any profits on the sale of the common stock by selling stockholders who are deemed to be “underwriters” and any discounts, commissions or concessions received by any such broker-dealers who are deemed to be “underwriters” will be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Selling stockholders who are deemed to be “underwriters” will be subject to prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act and to certain statutory liabilities, including, but not limited to, those under Sections 11, 12 and 17 of the Securities Act and Rule 10b-5 under the Exchange Act. Each of the selling stockholders that is an affiliate of a broker-dealer has advised us that (i) they purchased the common stock to be offered by them pursuant to this prospectus in the ordinary course of its business and (ii) that, at the time of the purchase of the common stock, they did not have any agreement or understanding, directly or indirectly, with any person, or any intent, to distribute the common stock.

 

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Certain relationships and related transactions

Stockholders agreement

On September 24, 2001, in connection with their purchase of shares of our capital stock, we entered into a stockholders agreement with eBay Inc., or eBay, J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA) L.P., The Flatiron Fund 1998/99 LLC, Flatiron Associates LLC, The Flatiron Fund 2000 LLC, Luna Ventures LLC, Ventech LLC, GGG Partners, Seven-X International Limited, HMTF-LA (MercadoLibre) Investments, LLC, Geoffroy de Belloy de Saint Lienard, GS Capital Partners III, L.P., GS Capital Partners III Offshore, L.P., Goldman Sachs & Co. Verwaltungs GmbH, Capital Riesgo Internet SCR S.A., GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc., Nedasur S.A., or Nedasur, Dwight Siprelle, Mike Rankowitz, Michael Petrick, Anthony Melchiorre, Mete Tuncel, Jason Maratos, and Andrew Brenner.

The stockholders agreement also provided that eBay, Capital Riesgo Internet SCR S.A., GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc., HMTF-LA (MercadoLibre) Investments, LLC and J.P. Morgan Partners BHCA L.P., each have the right to have one non-voting observer present at all meetings of our board of directors and all committees thereof. Except for eBay, this right was subject to maintenance of certain minimum ownership requirements.

All of the stockholders party to the stockholders agreement agreed to be bound by the terms of the Second Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated September 24, 2001, with respect to the registration of their shares of common stock in connection with an initial public offering. See “Description of capital stock—Registration rights.”

The stockholders agreement will terminate upon completion of this offering, and none of its provisions will survive termination.

Several of our directors are affiliated with five percent stockholders of our company. Mr. Clutterbuck is a Principal of HM Capital Partners LLC, an affiliate of HMTF-LA (MercadoLibre) Investments, LLC, which owns             % of our common stock. Mr. Kingston is an investment banker at Goldman, Sachs & Co., an affiliate of The Goldman Sachs Group Inc., which is the beneficial owner of             % of our common stock. Mr. Delgado is a Principal of J.P. Morgan Partners, LLC, an affiliate of J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P., which owns         % of our common stock. J.P. Morgan Partners, LLC is an affiliate of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., a joint book-runner of this offering. Messrs. Kingston and Delgado intend to resign as directors of our company upon completion of this offering.

Loan and security agreement

On January 17, 2006, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with Mr. Ignacio Vidaguren, a Vice President. The agreement provides that Mr. Vidaguren may request advances from us in the aggregate amount of $214,503 at an annual interest rate of 5%. The agreement calls for interest-only payments on January 17 of each year until the maturity date. Since entering into the agreement, we have made one disbursement of $14,503 on January 17, 2006 under the terms of the agreement. The maturity date will be the earlier of (i) January 17, 2011 or (ii) three days after Mr. Vidaguren receives proceeds from the sale of his securities in our company or the day that Mr. Vidaguren receives proceeds pursuant to sales of securities in connection with our initial public offering. The loan is secured by collateral consisting of Mr. Vidaguren’s property, whether presently existing or subsequently acquired, related to equity interests issued by us and our subsidiaries and any rights or distributions of any kind arising from those equity interests. The value of the collateral exceeds the maximum amount that may be drawn under the loan.

 

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Events of default include (a) non-payment, (b) violation of covenants such as any kind of transfer of the equity interests, and creation of encumbrances of any kind on the equity interests, and (c) falsity of the representations and warranties of the agreement. At December 31, 2006, the outstanding amount on the loan, including principal and interest, was $9,228.

Office lease

We lease office space from Curtidos San Luis S.A. The managers and stockholders of the controlling company of Curtidos San Luis S.A. are immediate family members of our director, president and chief executive officer, Marcos Galperín. We paid rent to Curtidos San Luis S.A. in the amount of $309,012 in 2006, $213,064 in 2005 and $101,640 in 2004.

Indemnification agreements

We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of the directors and officers of our local subsidiaries. These agreements require us to indemnify these individuals to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the countries where our local subsidiaries operate, for certain liabilities to which they may become subject due to their position as directors or officers in our subsidiaries.

Relationship with eBay

Strategic alliance with eBay .    In September of 2001, we entered into a strategic alliance with eBay, which became one of our stockholders and started working with us to better serve the Latin American online trading community. As part of this strategic alliance, we acquired eBay’s Brazilian subsidiary at the time, iBazar, and eBay agreed not to compete with us in the region during the term of the agreement. This agreement also provided us with access to certain know-how and experience, which accelerated aspects of our development. The agreement governing our strategic alliance with eBay expired on September 24, 2006. Even though eBay is one of our stockholders, with the termination of this agreement, there are no contractual restrictions upon eBay becoming one of our competitors.

Acquisition of DeRemate with a loan from eBay .    On November 10, 2005, we acquired a substantial portion of the business of DeRemate.com, Inc., a Delaware corporation, or DeRemate, including the majority of shares of DeRemate’s subsidiaries (except for its Argentinean and Chilean subsidiaries) and certain assets of DeRemate, for an aggregate purchase price of $12.1 million, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired. DeRemate operates an online trading community in Latin America similar to ours, and until the acquisition it was our main competitor. We financed the acquisition, net of cash and cash equivalents acquired, with a loan from eBay, one of our stockholders, in the amount of $12.0 million, secured by our assets, including equity interests in our subsidiaries and those we have acquired in DeRemate. The loan bears an interest rate of 7% per year. We must make interest payments only on November 10 of each year. The principal balance is due on November 10, 2010, or upon an issuance of securities, such as this initial public offering, whichever happens earlier. At December 31, 2006, approximately $9.1 million remained outstanding on the loan. The agreement governing the loan imposes restrictions on our ability to declare dividends on our capital stock in an event of default. We expect to repay all outstanding amounts under this loan with a portion of the net proceeds of this offering and terminate the loan agreement.

 

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Review, approval or ratification of transactions with related parties

Our policy with regards to transactions with any of our officers, directors and principal security holders and their affiliates, as well as any transactions between us and any entity with which our officers, directors or principal security holders are affiliates, is to communicate such transactions to our board of directors for review, and if necessary, obtain formal board approval and/or ratification, and in accordance with applicable law governing the approval of such transactions. This policy is currently not evidenced in writing, and instead is followed in practice. Upon completion of this offering, however, our audit committee will adopt policies and procedures for review of, or standards for approval of, these transactions.

 

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Description of capital stock

The following summary of the material terms of our capital stock is subject to and qualified in its entirety by reference to Delaware law, our certificate of incorporation and bylaws, each of which is filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. See “Where you can find more information.”

General matters

Prior to the completion of this offering, our authorized capital stock consists of 154,400,000 shares, including: (i) 108,800,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.01 per share, including 65,000,000 shares of Class A common stock, 6,400,000 shares of Class B-1 common stock, 6,400,000 shares of Class B-2 common stock, 8,600,000 shares of Class C common stock, 3,000,000 shares of Class D-1 common stock, 3,000,000 shares of Class D-2 common stock, 8,200,000 shares of Class E-1 common stock and 8,200,000 shares of Class E-2 common stock and (ii) 45,600,000 shares of preferred stock, $0.01 par value per share, including 1,800,000 shares of Series A preferred stock, 6,400,00 shares of Series B-1 preferred stock, 6,400,000 shares of Series B-2 preferred stock, 8,600,000 shares of Series C preferred stock, 3,000,000 shares of Series D-1 preferred stock, 3,000,000 shares of Series D-2 preferred stock, 8,200,000 shares of Series E-1 preferred stock and 8,200,000 shares of Series E-2 preferred stock. As of December 31, 2006, there were 13,166,982 shares of Class A common stock, no shares of Class B-1 common stock, no shares of Class B-2 common stock, no shares of Class C common stock, no shares of Class D-1 common stock, no shares of Class D-2 common stock, no shares of Class E-1 common stock, no shares of Class E-2 common stock, 1,600,000 shares of Series A preferred stock, 1,853,275 shares of Series B-1 preferred stock, 4,146,725 shares of Series B-2 preferred stock, 8,513,408 shares of Series C preferred stock, 441,687 shares of Series D-1 preferred stock, 2,506,681 shares of Series D-2 preferred stock, 6,983,878 shares of Series E-1 preferred stock and 1,142,184 shares of Series E-2 preferred stock issued and outstanding. At December 31, 2006, there were 53 holders of record of our Class A common stock, three holders of Series A preferred stock, seven holders of Series B-1 preferred stock, one holder of Series B-2 preferred stock, 14 holders of Series C preferred stock, seven holders of Series D-1 preferred stock, one holder of Series D-2 preferred stock, one holder of Series E-1 preferred stock and one holder of Series E-2 preferred stock. Upon the closing of this offering, there will be              holders of record of our common stock. At December 31, 2006, certain warrants to purchase 184,272 shares of Series C and D preferred stock for a total consideration of $750,000 remain unexercised.

Prior to the completion of this offering, we will amend and restate our certificate of incorporation to provide that our authorized capital stock will consist of (1) 110,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $.001 per share, and (2) 40,000,000 shares of preferred stock, par value $.001 per share. Pursuant to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, all currently outstanding shares of our Class A common stock, Series A preferred stock, Class B-1 common stock, Series B-1 preferred stock, Class B-2 common stock, Series B-2 preferred stock, Class C common stock, Series C preferred stock, Class D-1 common stock, Series D-1 preferred stock, Class D-2 common stock, Series D-2 preferred stock, Class E-1 common stock, Series E-1 preferred stock, Class E-2 common stock, and Series E-2 preferred stock will be converted into shares of a single class of our common stock. Pursuant to the terms of our certificate of incorporation in effect prior to completion of this offering, a public offering such as this one will trigger the automatic conversion of each series of preferred stock automatically into its corresponding class of common stock. Stockholders have elected to convert those shares of common stock into a single class of

 

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our common stock upon completion of this offering. Immediately following the completion of this offering, we expect to have              shares of common stock, and no shares of preferred stock outstanding.

All of our existing stock is, and the shares of common stock being offered by us in this offering will be, upon payment therefor, validly issued, fully paid and non-assessable. This discussion set forth below describes the most important terms of our capital stock, amended and restated certificate of incorporation and by-laws as will be in effect upon completion of this offering. Because it is only a summary, it does not contain all the information that may be important to you. For a complete description you should refer to our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and by-laws, copies of which have been filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which the prospectus is a part, and to the applicable provisions of the Delaware General Corporation law.

Common stock

Set forth below is a brief discussion of the principal terms of our common stock.

Dividend rights

Holders of our common stock are entitled to receive ratably dividends, if as and when dividends are declared from time to time by our board of directors out of funds legally available for that purpose. The terms of the loan agreement with eBay imposes restrictions on our ability to declare dividends on our capital stock in an event of default. This agreement will terminate upon payment in full of the outstanding principal amount of the loan and accrued interest, which we expect to pay with a portion of the proceeds of this offering. See “Certain relationships and related transactions—Relationship with eBay” for more information. We have not declared or paid any cash dividends on our capital stock and do not anticipate paying any cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any decision to declare and pay dividends in the future will be made at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our results of operations, cash requirements, financial condition, contractual restrictions and other factors that our board of directors may deem relevant.

Voting rights

Each outstanding share of our common stock will be entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of holders of our common stock, except for stockholders that beneficially own more than 20% of the shares of our outstanding common stock, in which case our board of directors may declare that any shares of stock above such 20% do not have voting rights. The holders of common stock do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors.

Preemptive or similar rights

Our common stock will not be entitled to preemptive or other similar subscription rights to purchase any of our securities.

Right to receive liquidation distributions

Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, the holders of our common stock will be entitled to receive pro rata our assets which are legally available for distribution, after payment of all debts and other liabilities and subject to the prior rights of any holders of preferred stock then outstanding.

 

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Conversion rights

Our common stock has no conversion rights.

Nasdaq listing

We intend to apply to include the common stock for trading on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “MELI.”

Preferred stock

Our board of directors may, without further action by our stockholders, from time to time, direct the issuance of shares of preferred stock in series and may, at the time of issuance, determine the rights, preferences and limitations of each series. Satisfaction of any dividend preferences of outstanding shares of preferred stock would reduce the amount of funds available for the payment of dividends on shares of common stock. Holders of shares of preferred stock may be entitled to receive a preference payment in the event of our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up before any payment is made to the holders of shares of common stock. Under specified circumstances, the issuance of shares of preferred stock may render more difficult or tend to discourage a merger, tender offer or proxy contest, the assumption of control by a holder of a large block of our securities or the removal of incumbent management. Upon the affirmative vote of a majority of the total number of directors then in office, the board of directors, without stockholder approval, may issue shares of preferred stock with voting and conversion rights which could adversely affect the holders of shares of common stock. Upon consummation of the offering, there will be no shares of preferred stock outstanding, and we have no present intention to issue any shares of preferred stock.

Registration rights

In connection with the stockholders’ agreement described under “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions,” we entered into a registration rights agreement with the holders of common stock issued by us. Pursuant to the registration rights agreement, we have included in the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part,              shares of common stock proposed to be offered by certain selling stockholders who purchased from us shares of our capital stock in private placements.

Beginning six months after the date of completion of this offering, certain of our stockholders will have the right to request that we register with the SEC shares of our common stock having a gross offering price of at least $2,000,000. Beginning on the first anniversary of the closing date of this offering, another group of our stockholders will have the right to request that we register with the SEC additional shares of our common stock having a gross offering price of at least $2,000,000.

Pursuant to the registration rights agreement we also have the right to restrict sales of our common stock by these stockholders for a period beginning ten days prior and 180 days after the date of this prospectus. We expect to subject these stockholders to that restriction.

Anti-takeover effects of the Delaware general corporation law and our certificate of incorporation and bylaws

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws will contain certain provisions that are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of the board of directors

 

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and which may have the effect of delaying, deferring or preventing a future takeover or change in control of the company unless such takeover or change in control is approved by the board of directors, including:

Advance notice procedures

Our bylaws will establish an advance notice procedure for stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual meeting of our stockholders, including proposed nominations of persons for election to the board of directors. Stockholders at an annual meeting will only be able to consider proposals or nominations specified in the notice of meeting or brought before the meeting by or at the direction of the board of directors or by a stockholder who was a stockholder of record on the record date for the meeting, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who has given our Secretary timely written notice, in proper form, of the stockholder’s intention to bring that business before the meeting. Although the bylaws will not give the board of directors the power to approve or disapprove stockholder nominations of candidates or proposals regarding other business to be conducted at a special or annual meeting, the bylaws may have the effect of precluding the conduct of certain business at a meeting if the proper procedures are not followed or may discourage or defer a potential acquiror from conducting a solicitation of proxies to elect its own slate of directors or otherwise attempting to obtain control of the company.

No cumulative voting

The General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware, or DGCL, provides that stockholders are not entitled to the right to cumulate votes in the election of directors unless our certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Our certificate of incorporation expressly provides that no stockholder shall be entitled to cumulate votes in the election of directors.

Stockholder action by written consent

The DGCL permits stockholder action by written consent unless otherwise provided by our certificate of incorporation. Our certificate of incorporation precludes stockholder action by written consent.

Business combinations under Delaware law

We will be subject to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL regulating corporate takeovers. In general, Section 203 prohibits a publicly-traded Delaware corporation from engaging under certain circumstances, in a business combination with an interested stockholder for a period of three years following the date the person became an interested stockholder unless certain conditions are met.

Authorized but unissued shares

Our authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock will be available for future issuance without stockholder approval. These additional shares may be utilized for a variety of corporate purposes, including future public offerings to raise additional capital, corporate acquisitions and employee benefit plans. The existence of authorized but unissued shares of common stock and preferred stock could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of a majority of our common stock by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

 

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Ability to adopt a stockholder rights plan

Our certificate of incorporation provides our board of directors the authority to adopt a stockholder rights plan, which, if adopted, could render more difficult or discourage an attempt to obtain control of a majority of our common stock by means of a proxy contest, tender offer, merger or otherwise.

Classified board of directors

Our board of directors will be classified in three classes, with each class elected every year for a term of three years. This would delay the ability of a majority stockholder to gain majority representation in our board of directors.

Removal of directors

Our stockholders will not be able to remove directors other than for cause, which consists of a declaration of unsound mind by an order of a court of competent jurisdiction, conviction of a felony or of an offense punishable by imprisonment for a term of more than one year by a court of competent jurisdiction, or declaration of liability by a court of competent jurisdiction for gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of such director’s fiduciary duties. If cause exists, a vote of two-thirds of our stockholders will be required for such director’s removal.

Amendment to our certificate of incorporation and bylaws

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that anti-takeover provisions can only be amended or repealed with a vote of two-thirds of our stockholders. This would render any majority stockholder that does not have a two-thirds majority to amend any takeover protections in our certificate of incorporation or bylaws and therefore preclude such stockholder from exercising control over our management.

Voting limitations

Each outstanding share of our common stock will be entitled to one vote on all matters submitted to a vote of holders of our common stock, except for stockholders that beneficially own more than 20% of the shares of our outstanding common stock, in which case our board of directors may declare that any shares of stock above such 20% do not have voting rights. The holders of common stock do not have cumulative voting rights in the election of directors.

Transfer agent and registrar

The Bank of New York will be appointed as the transfer agent and registrar for our common stock upon completion of this offering.

Listing

We expect to apply to list our common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “MELI.”

 

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Shares eligible for future sale

Prior to this offering, there has been no market for our common stock, and we cannot assure you that a significant public market for our common stock will develop or be sustained after this offering. Future sales of substantial amounts of common stock (including shares issued upon exercise of outstanding options) in the public market after this offering could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time and could impair our ability to raise capital through sales of our equity securities. Sales of substantial amounts of our common stock in the public market after the restrictions lapse could adversely affect the prevailing market price and our ability to raise equity capital in the future.

Upon completion of this offering, we will have outstanding an aggregate of approximately              shares of our common stock, assuming no exercise of outstanding options. In addition, we have an aggregate of approximately 300,000 shares of common stock reserved under our Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan. The shares of common stock sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, unless held by our “affiliates” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. As defined in Rule 144, an “affiliate” of an issuer is a person that directly, indirectly through one or more intermediaries, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the issuer, and may include directors and officers of the issuer as well as significant stockholders. The shares of common stock not sold in this offering are restricted securities as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. Restricted securities may be sold in the public market only if registered under the securities laws or if they qualify for an exemption from registration under Rule 144, as described below.

Rule 144

In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who has beneficially owned restricted securities for at least one year (including the holding period of any prior owner except an affiliate) would be entitled to sell on the open market in brokers’ transactions within any three-month period beginning 90 days after the date of this prospectus, a number of shares that does not exceed the greater of:

 

 

1% of the number of shares of common stock then outstanding (which will equal approximately                  shares immediately after this offering); or

 

 

the average weekly trading volume of the common stock on the open market during the four calendar weeks preceding the filing of a Form 144 with respect to such sale.

Sales under Rule 144 are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions and notice requirements and to the availability of current public information about us.

Our affiliates must comply with all the provisions of Rule 144 (other than the one-year holding period requirement) in order to sell shares of our common stock that are not restricted securities (such as shares acquired by our affiliates either in this offering or through purchases in the open market following this offering.)

We expect that a substantial amount of our common stock may be eligible for resale under Rule 144 upon completion of this offering.

 

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Rule 144(k)

Under paragraph (k) of Rule 144, a person who is not our affiliate at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned the shares proposed to be sold for at least two years, is entitled to sell such shares without complying with the manner-of-sale, public information, volume limitation or notice provisions of Rule 144. The two-year holding period includes the holding period of any prior owner who is not our affiliate. Therefore, unless otherwise restricted, shares covered by Rule 144(k) may be sold immediately upon the closing of this offering.

Rule 701

In general, under Rule 701, any of our employees, directors, officers, consultants or advisors who received or purchased shares of common stock from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement before the effective date of this offering, or who purchased shares of common stock from us after that date upon the exercise of options granted before that date, are eligible to resell such shares in reliance upon Rule 144 90 days after we become subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act. If such person is not an affiliate, such sale may be made subject only to the manner-of-sale provisions of Rule 144. If such a person is an affiliate, such sale may be made under Rule 144 without compliance with its one-year minimum holding period, but subject to the other Rule 144 restrictions.

We have remaining approximately 300,000 shares available for issuance pursuant to our Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.

Registration rights agreement

Beginning six months after the date of completion of this offering, certain of our stockholders will have the right to request that we register with the SEC shares of our common stock having a gross offering price of at least $2,000,000. Beginning on the first anniversary of the closing date of this offering, another group of our stockholders will have the right to request that we register with the SEC additional shares of our common stock having a gross offering price of at least $2,000,000.

Lock up agreements

Our executive officers, directors and certain existing stockholders are subject to lock-up agreements generally providing that, with certain limited exceptions, they may not, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, directly or indirectly sell, dispose of or hedge any shares of common stock or any securities convertible into or exchangeable for shares of common stock without the prior written consent of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated on behalf of the underwriters. As a result of these lock-up agreements, notwithstanding possible earlier eligibility for sale under the provisions of Rules 144, 144(k) and 701, none of these shares will be saleable until 180 days after the date of the final prospectus. The underwriters may waive any lock-up agreement at their discretion at any time.

 

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Certain United States tax consequences

to non-U.S. holders

The following is a summary of the material U.S. federal income and estate tax considerations that may be relevant to a “Non-U.S. Holder” (as defined below) of our common stock.

A “Non-U.S. Holder” is a beneficial owner of our common stock (other than a partnership) that is not, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, (i) an individual citizen or resident of the United States; (ii) a corporation, or other entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes, that is created or organized in or under the laws of the United States, the District of Columbia or any state in the United States; (iii) an estate, if U.S. federal income taxation is applicable to the income of that estate regardless of the income’s source; or (iv) a trust, if a U.S. court is able to exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control all of the trust’s substantial decisions (or if a valid election is in effect to treat the trust as a U.S. person under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations).

This summary is based on current law, which may change, possibly with retroactive effect. This summary addresses only Non-U.S. Holders that will hold their common stock as a capital asset ( i.e. , generally, for investment) and does not address any state, local or non-U.S. tax laws. This summary does not address tax considerations applicable to Non-U.S. Holders to whom special tax rules may apply, including:

 

 

banks;

 

 

U.S. expatriates;

 

 

tax-exempt entities;

 

 

insurance companies;

 

 

common trust funds;

 

 

dealers in securities or currencies;

 

 

entities that are treated as partnerships (or other pass-through entities) for U.S. federal income tax purposes; or

 

 

persons that will hold our common stock as part of an integrated investment, including a straddle or conversion transaction, comprised of our common stock and one or more other positions.

If a partnership holds our common stock, the tax treatment of a partner will generally depend upon the status of the partner and the activities of the partnership. If you are a partner of a partnership holding our common stock, you should consult your tax advisor.

You should consult your tax advisor in determining the tax consequences to you of purchasing, owning and disposing of our common stock, including the application to your particular situation of the U.S. federal income and estate tax considerations discussed below, as well as the application of state, local, foreign or other tax laws.

Dividends

Distributions on our common stock will constitute dividends to the extent paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes.

 

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Dividends, if any, paid by to you generally are subject to a 30% U.S. federal withholding tax, subject to reduction or elimination if you are eligible for the benefits of an applicable income tax treaty. Generally, to claim the benefits of an income tax treaty, you will be required to provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN and satisfy applicable certification and other requirements. Any effectively connected dividends described below are generally not subject to the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax, provided certain certification and disclosure requirements are satisfied.

A percentage of any such dividend generally will not be subject to the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax if at least 80% of our gross income from all sources during the three-year period ending with the close of our taxable year preceding the dividend payment date is “active foreign business income.” Generally, “active foreign business income” is gross income derived by us from sources outside the United States (or attributable to income so derived by certain of our subsidiaries) that is attributable to the active conduct of a trade or business in a foreign country or possession of the United States by us (or certain of our subsidiaries). If the 80% requirement is met, the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax will not apply to a percentage of the dividend equal to the percentage that our gross income from sources outside the United States for such three-year period is of our total gross income for such three-year period. We currently expect to meet the 80% requirement, and, therefore, we anticipate that the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax will not apply to a portion of our dividends. No assurance can be given, however, that we will meet the 80% requirement or that any portion of dividends will not be subject to the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax.

Dividends that are effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business within the United States and, where a tax treaty applies, are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base maintained by you in the United States, will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular graduated rates and, if you are a corporation, you may be subject to an additional, branch profits tax at a 30% rate or a lower rate specified by an applicable income tax treaty. The branch profits tax is generally imposed on a foreign corporation on the repatriation from the United States of effectively connected earnings and profits. Any effectively connected dividends described above are generally not subject to the 30% U.S. federal withholding tax, provided certain certification and disclosure requirements are satisfied.

You should consult any applicable tax treaties which may provide for a lower rate of withholding or other rules different than those described above. You will not be entitled to a reduction in or an exemption from U.S. federal withholding tax if the payor or agent knows or has reason to know that you are not entitled to a reduction or exemption. If you are eligible for a reduced rate of withholding tax pursuant to a tax treaty, you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld by filing an appropriate claim for refund with the Internal Revenue Service.

Sale or other disposition of common stock

You generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on any gain recognized on the sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of our common stock unless:

 

 

you are an individual present in the United States for 183 days or more in the year of that sale or other disposition and certain other requirements are met;

 

 

the gain is “U.S. trade or business income,” which means gain that is effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business within the United States and, where a tax treaty applies, is attributable to a U.S. permanent establishment or a fixed base; or

 

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we are or have been, at any time within the shorter of the five-year period preceding such disposition or your holding period for our common stock, a “United States real property holding corporation” within the meaning of Section 897(c)(2) of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, unless our common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market and you held no more than 5% of our outstanding common stock, directly or indirectly, at all times within the shorter of the five-year period preceding such disposition or your holding period for our common stock.

We believe that we are not currently, and do not expect to become, a United States real property holding corporation.

An individual described in the first bullet point above will be subject to a flat 30% U.S. federal income tax on the gain derived from the sale, which may be offset by U.S. source capital losses, even though he or she is not considered a resident of the United States. An individual described in the second or third bullet points above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular graduated rates on the gain derived from the sale. A foreign corporation described in the second or third bullet points above will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular graduated rates on the gain derived from the sale and, if described in the second bullet point, may be subject to the additional branch profits tax described above on such gain.

Federal estate taxes

If you are an individual and are treated as the owner of, or have made certain lifetime transfers of, an interest in our common stock, you will be required to include the value of that interest in your gross estate for U.S. federal estate tax purposes and might be subject to U.S. federal estate tax unless an applicable estate tax treaty provides otherwise.

Backup withholding and information reporting

We must report annually to you and the Internal Revenue Service the amount of dividends paid to you (and any tax withheld from those dividends) even if no withholding was required. Under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty, copies of the information returns reporting dividends and withholding might also be made available to the tax authorities in the country in which you reside.

You will be subject to backup withholding on dividends paid to you unless applicable certification requirements are met. The backup withholding rate is currently 28%. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules will be allowable as a refund or credit against your U.S. federal income tax liability (if any), provided the required information is furnished to the Internal Revenue Service.

In general, backup withholding will not apply to dividends on our common stock paid by us or our paying agents, in their capacities as such, to you, or to proceeds from the disposition of common stock paid to you, in each case if you have provided the required certification that you are a Non-U.S. Holder and neither the payor nor its paying agent (if any) has actual knowledge or reason to know to the contrary.

The description set forth above is included for general information only and may not be applicable depending upon your particular situation. You should consult your tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common stock, including the tax consequences under state, local, foreign and other tax laws and the possible effects of changes in U.S. federal or other tax laws.

 

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Underwriting

We and the selling stockholders are offering the shares of common stock described in this prospectus through a number of underwriters. J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., or JPMorgan, and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated are acting as the representatives of the underwriters and as joint bookrunners for this offering. We and the selling stockholders have entered into an underwriting agreement with the underwriters. Subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement, we and the selling stockholders have agreed to sell to the underwriters, and each underwriter has agreed to purchase, at the public offering price less the underwriting discount set forth on the cover page of this prospectus, the number of shares of our common stock listed next to its name in the following table.

 

Name    Number of shares

J.P. Morgan Securities Inc.

  

Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated

  
    

Total

    

The underwriters are committed to purchase all the common stock offered by us and the selling stockholders if they purchase any shares of common stock. The underwriting agreement also provides that if an underwriter defaults, the purchase commitments of non-defaulting underwriters may also be increased or the offering may be terminated. The underwriting agreement also provides that the obligations of the underwriters are subject to certain conditions precedent, including the absence of any material adverse change in our business and the receipt of certain certificates, opinions and letters from us, our counsel and our independent auditors.

The underwriters propose to offer the shares of common stock directly to the public at the initial public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus and to certain dealers at that price less a concession not in excess of $             per share. Any such dealers may resell shares to certain other brokers or dealers at a discount of up to $             per share from the initial public offering price. After the initial public offering of the shares of common stock, the underwriters may change the offering price and other selling terms. Sales of shares made outside of the United States may be made by affiliates of the underwriters. The representatives have advised us that the underwriters do not intend to confirm discretionary sales in excess of 5% of the common stock offered in the offering.

The underwriters have an option to buy up to              additional shares of common stock from the selling stockholders to cover sales of shares by the underwriters which exceed the number of shares specified in the table above. The underwriters have 30 days from the date of this prospectus to exercise this over-allotment option. If any additional shares of common stock are purchased, the underwriters will offer the additional shares on the same terms as those on which the shares are being offered.

 

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The underwriting fee is equal to the public offering price per share of common stock less the amount paid by the underwriters to us and the selling stockholders per share of common stock. The underwriting fee is $             per share. The following table shows the per share and total underwriting discount to be paid to the underwriters by us and the selling stockholders assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters’ option to purchase additional shares:

Underwriting discount:

 

       Paid by us    Paid by the selling stockholders
     Without over-
allotment exercise
   With full over-
allotment exercise
   Without over-
allotment exercise
   With full over-
allotment exercise
                             

Per share

   $                 $                 $                 $             

Total

   $                 $                 $                 $             

We estimate that the total expenses of this offering, including registration, filing and listing fees, printing fees and legal and accounting expenses, but excluding the underwriting discount, will be approximately $             million.

A prospectus in electronic format may be made available on the websites maintained by one or more underwriters, or selling group members, if any, participating in the offering. The underwriters may agree to allocate a number of shares to selling group members for sale to their online brokerage account holders. Internet distributions will be allocated by the representatives to underwriters and selling group members that may make Internet distributions on the same basis as other allocations. In addition, the underwriters may sell shares to securities dealers who resell shares to online brokerage account holders. The information on any such website is not part of this prospectus.

We, certain existing stockholders and our directors and executive officers have agreed with the underwriters prior to the commencement of this offering that we and each of these persons or entities, with limited exceptions, for a period of 180 days after the date of this prospectus, may not, without the prior written consent of the representative of the underwriters, among other things:

(1) offer, pledge, announce the intention to sell, grant any option, right or warrant to purchase, or otherwise transfer or dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock (including, without limitation, common stock which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by such directors, executive officers, managers and members in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC and securities which may be issued upon exercise of a stock option or warrant), or

(2) enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of our common stock,

whether any such transaction described in bullet points (1) or (2) above is to be settled by delivery of common stock or such other securities, in cash or otherwise. The 180-day restricted period described above will be extended if during the last 17 days of the 180-day restricted period we issue an earnings release or material news or a material event relating to us occurs; or prior to the expiration of the 180-day restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 180-day period; in which case the restrictions described above will continue to apply until the expiration of the

 

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18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the occurrence of the material news or material event, as applicable, unless the representatives of the underwriters waive, in writing, such extension.

We may issue shares of common stock or securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for common stock for the benefit of our employees, directors and officers under our Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan described in this prospectus, provided that recipients are subject to the lock-up as described above.

The representatives have no current intent or arrangement to release any of the shares subject to the lock-up agreements prior to the expiration of the 180-day lock-up period. There is no contractually specified condition for the waiver of lock-up restrictions, and any waiver is at the discretion of the representatives.

There are no specific criteria for the waiver of lock-up restrictions, and the representatives cannot in advance determine the circumstances under which a waiver might be granted. Any waiver will depend on the facts and circumstances existing at the time. Among the factors that the representatives may consider in deciding whether to release shares may include the length of time before the lock-up expires, the number of shares involved, the reason for the requested release, market conditions, the trading price of our common stock, historical trading volumes of our common stock and whether the person seeking the release is an officer, director or affiliate of our company. The representatives will not consider its own positions in our securities, if any, in determining whether to consent to a waiver of a lock-up agreement.

We and the selling stockholders have each agreed to indemnify the underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

We expect to apply to have our common stock approved for listing on the Nasdaq Global Market under the symbol “MELI.”

In connection with the offering, the underwriters may engage in stabilizing transactions, which involves making bids for, purchasing and selling shares of common stock in the open market for the purpose of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock while the offering is in progress. These stabilizing transactions may include making short sales of the common stock, which involves the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of shares of common stock than it is required to purchase in the offering, and purchasing shares of common stock on the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales may be “covered” shorts, which are short positions in an amount not greater than the underwriters’ over-allotment option referred to above, or may be “naked” shorts, which are short positions in excess of that amount. The underwriters may close out any covered short position either by exercising their over-allotment option, in whole or in part, or by purchasing shares in the open market. In making this determination, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of shares available for purchase in the open market compared to the price at which the underwriters may purchase shares through the over-allotment option. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common stock in the open market that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. To the extent that the underwriters create a naked short position, they will purchase shares in the open market to cover the position.

In connection with the offering, underwriters and selling group members may engage in passive market making transactions in the common stock on the Nasdaq Global Market in accordance with Rule 103 of Regulation M under the Exchange Act. A passive market maker must display its

 

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bids at a price not in excess of the highest independent bid of the security. However, if all independent bids are lowered below the passive market maker’s bid, that bid must be lowered when specified purchase limits are exceeded.

The underwriters have advised us that, pursuant to Regulation M under the Exchange Act, they may also engage in other activities that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the common stock, including the imposition of penalty bids. This means that if the representative of the underwriters purchases common stock in the open market in stabilizing transactions or to cover short sales, the representative can require the underwriters that sold those shares as part of the offering to repay the underwriting discount received by them.

These activities may have the effect of raising or maintaining the market price of the common stock or preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of the common stock, and, as a result, the price of the common stock may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If the underwriters commence these activities, it may discontinue them at any time. The underwriters may carry out these transactions on the Nasdaq Global Market, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.

Prior to the offering, there has been no public market for our common stock. The initial public offering price will be determined by negotiations among us, the selling stockholders and the representative of the underwriters. In determining the initial public offering price of the common stock, we, the selling stockholders and the representative of the underwriters considered a number of factors including:

 

 

the information set forth in this prospectus and otherwise available to the representative of the underwriters;

 

 

our prospects and the history and prospects for the industry in which we compete;

 

 

an assessment of our management;

 

 

our prospects for future earnings;

 

 

the general condition of the securities markets, and the initial public offering market in particular, at the time of the offering;

 

 

the recent market prices of, and demand for, publicly traded common stock of generally comparable companies; and

 

 

other factors deemed relevant by the underwriters, the selling stockholders and us.

Neither we, nor the selling stockholders, nor the underwriters can assure investors that an active trading market will develop for our common stock, or that the shares will trade in the public market at or above the initial public offering price.

In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a “Relevant Member State”), with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member State (the “Relevant Implementation Date”), no offer of shares of our common stock to the public in that Relevant Member State may be made prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to our common shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that, with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, an offer of our common shares may be made to the public in that Relevant Member State at any time:

 

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to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;

 

 

to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than 43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than 50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts; or

 

 

in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by the issuer of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.

For the purposes of this provision, the expression an “offer of shares to the public” in relation to any common shares in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the common shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the common shares, as the same may be varied in that Relevant Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Relevant Member State, and the expression “Prospectus Directive” means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.

This offering is being conducted in accordance with the applicable provisions of Rule 2720 of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. Conduct Rules because certain affiliates of J.P. Morgan Securities Inc., one of the underwriters, own 10% or more of our outstanding capital stock. Rule 2720 requires that the initial public offering price of the shares of common stock not be higher than that recommended by a “qualified independent underwriter” meeting certain standards. Accordingly, Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated is assuming the responsibilities of acting as the qualified independent underwriter in pricing this offering and conducting due diligence. The initial public offering price of the shares of common stock is no higher than the price recommended by Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated. We have agreed to reimburse Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner and Smith Incorporated as qualified independent underwriter against certain liabilities under the Securities Act.

The underwriters and their affiliates have provided in the past to us and our affiliates and may provide from time to time in the future certain commercial banking, financial advisory, investment banking and other services for us and such affiliates in the ordinary course of their business, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions. Alberto Delgado, a Principal of J.P. Morgan Partners, LLC, an affiliate of JPMorgan, served as a director of our company pursuant to the stockholders agreement described in “Certain relationships and related transactions.” JPMorgan is also an affiliate of J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P., which owns         % of our common stock.

In addition, from time to time, the underwriters and their affiliates may effect transactions for their own account or the account of customers, and hold on behalf of themselves or its customers, long or short positions in our debt or equity securities or loans, and may do so in the future.

Each of the underwriters has represented and agreed that:

 

 

it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activities (within the meaning of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended), or FSMA) to persons who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 or in circumstances in which section 21 of FSMA does not apply to the company; and

 

 

it has complied with, and will comply with all applicable provisions of FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the shares in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

 

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Legal matters

The validity of the issuance of the shares of common stock offered hereby will be passed upon for us by Hunton & Williams LLP. Certain legal matters in connection with this offering will be passed upon for the underwriters by Simpson Thacher & Bartlett LLP, New York, New York.

Experts

The financial statements at December 31, 2006 and 2005 and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 included in this registration statement have been so included in reliance on the report of Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L., member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting. The combined statements of operations, changes in net investment and cash flows of DeRemate Operations for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005 included in this registration statement have been so included in reliance on the report of Price Waterhouse & Co. S.R.L., member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

Additional information

We have filed a registration statement on Form S-1 with the SEC under the Securities Act for the common stock we are offering pursuant to this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of the registration statement and does not contain all of the information in the registration statement. For additional information you should refer to the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules. No reference is hereby made to such omitted information. Whenever we refer in this prospectus to our contracts, agreements or other documents, the reference is not necessarily complete and you should refer to the exhibits attached to the registration statement for copies of the actual contract, agreement or other document. When we complete the offering, we will be required to file annual, quarterly and special reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You can read our SEC filings, including the registration statement, over the Internet at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov . You may also read and copy any document we file with the SEC at its public reference room at 100 F. Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain copies of these documents upon the payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC. Please call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330 for further information about the public reference room.

Upon completion of this offering, we will become subject to the information and periodic reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and will file periodic reports and other information with the SEC. These periodic reports and other information will be available for inspection and copying at the SEC’s public reference facilities and the website of the SEC referred to above.

Our website is www.mercadolibre.com . Information on our website should not be considered a part of this prospectus.

 

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Index to financial statements

 

     Page

MercadoLibre, Inc.

  

Report of independent registered public accounting firm

   F-2

Consolidated balance sheets as of December 31, 2006 and 2005

   F-3

Consolidated statements of operations for the three years ended December 31, 2006

   F-4

Consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ deficit for the three years ended December 31, 2006

   F-6

Consolidated statements of cash flows for the three years ended December 31, 2006

   F-8

Notes to consolidated financial statements

   F-10

DeRemate.com operations

  

Report of independent auditors

   F-45

Combined statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ deficit and cash flows for the period from January 1, 2005 to October 31, 2005

  

F-46

 

F-1


Table of Contents

Report of independent registered public accounting firm

To the Board of Directors and

Shareholders of Mercadolibre, Inc.

In our opinion, the accompanying consolidated balance sheets and the related consolidated statements of operations, of changes in shareholders’ deficit and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Mercadolibre, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2006 and 2005, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2006 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements, the Company changed the manner in which it accounts for warrants in 2005.

PRICE WATERHOUSE & Co. S.R.L.

 

By:

 

/s/ Juan C. Grassi

  (Partner)
  Juan C. Grassi  

Buenos Aires, Argentina

May 11, 2007

 

F-2


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Consolidated balance sheets

As of December 31, 2006 and 2005

 

       2006     2005  
   

Assets

    

Current assets:

    

Cash and cash equivalents

   $ 7,143,027     $ 8,979,838  

Short-term investments

     6,320,656       3,411,266  

Accounts receivable

     1,983,003       2,386,078  

Funds receivable from customers

     10,188,712       4,162,486  

Prepaid expenses

     333,570       126,440  

Deferred tax assets

     2,904,558       619,179  

Other current assets

     246,352       413,735  
                

Total current assets

     29,119,878       20,099,022  

Non-current assets:

    

Property and equipment, net

     2,931,470       2,343,623  

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

     21,342,315       20,564,179  

Deferred tax assets

     390,820       1,384,650  

Other assets

     28,089       28,299  
                

Total non-current assets

     24,692,694       24,320,751  

Total assets

   $ 53,812,572     $ 44,419,773  
                

Liabilities and Shareholders’ Deficit

    

Current liabilities:

    

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

   $ 5,708,682     $ 2,661,208  

Funds payable to customers

     9,085,013       4,380,905  

Social security payable

     2,722,874       1,463,134  

Taxes payable

     1,735,975       1,391,925  

Loans payable

     97,527       131,085  

Provisions

     310,848       870,582  
                

Total current liabilities

     19,660,919       10,898,839  

Non-current liabilities:

    

Loans payable

     9,000,000       12,000,000  

Other liabilities

     1,803,315       346,087  
                

Total non-current liabilities

     10,803,315       12,346,087  

Total liabilities

     30,464,234       23,244,926  
                

Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)

    

Mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 45,600,000 shares authorized, 27,187,838 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2005; liquidation amount: $78,334,161 at December 31, 2006 and 2005

     64,076,545       63,581,667  
                

Shareholders’ deficit:

    

Common stock, $0.01 par value, 108,800,000 shares authorized, 13,166,982 and 13,095,863 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2006 and 2005

     131,670       130,959  

Additional paid-in capital

     2,694,404       3,149,663  

Accumulated deficit

     (44,054,817 )     (45,126,900 )

Accumulated other comprehensive income / (loss)

     500,536       (560,542 )
                

Total shareholders’ deficit

     (40,728,207 )     (42,406,820 )
                

Total liabilities, mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock and shareholders’ deficit

   $ 53,812,572     $ 44,419,773  
                
   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-3


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Consolidated statements of operations

For the three years ended December 31, 2006

 

       2006     2005     2004  
   

Net revenues

   $ 52,058,890     $ 28,249,677     $ 12,663,332  

Cost of net revenues

     (12,085,648 )     (6,138,732 )     (2,489,608 )
                        

Gross profit

     39,973,242       22,110,945       10,173,724  

Operating expenses:

      

Product and technology development

     (3,066,304 )     (2,186,220 )     (1,329,552 )

Sales and marketing

     (23,358,510 )     (14,732,310 )     (9,130,800 )

General and administrative

     (8,150,499 )     (4,380,553 )     (3,062,785 )
                        

Total operating expenses

     (34,575,313 )     (21,299,083 )     (13,523,137 )
                        

Income / (Loss) from operations

     5,397,929       811,862       (3,349,413 )
                        

Other income (expenses):

      

Interest income

     520,508       351,779       1,245,793  

Interest expense and other financial charges

     (1,743,315 )     (456,430 )     (329,279 )

Foreign currency (loss) gain

     (391,981 )     250,432       211,146  

Other expenses, net(1)(2)

     (1,468,220 )     (292,173 )     (19,876 )
                        

Net income / (loss) before income / asset tax and cumulative effect of change in acounting principle

     2,314,921       665,470       (2,241,629 )
                        

Income / asset tax (expense) benefit

     (1,242,838 )     1,369,362       35,611  
                        

Net income / (loss) before cumulative effect of change in acounting principle

     1,072,083       2,034,832       (2,206,018 )
                        

Cumulative effect of change in acounting principle(1)

           319,304        
                        

Net income / (loss)

   $ 1,072,083     $ 2,354,136     $ (2,206,018 )
                        

Accretion of preferred stock

     (494,878 )     (494,878 )     (494,878 )
                        

Net income / (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ 577,205     $ 1,859,258     $ (2,700,896 )
                        
   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-4


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Consolidated statements of operations (continued)

For the three years ended December 31, 2006

 

       2006    2005    2004  
   

Basic EPS

        

Basic net income (loss) available to common shareholders before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle per common share

   $ 0.01    $ 0.04    $ (0.21 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle per common share

          0.01       
                      

Basic net income (loss) available to common shareholders per common share

   $ 0.01    $ 0.05    $ (0.21 )
                      

Weighted average shares

     13,149,139      13,065,496      12,739,980  
                      

Diluted EPS

        

Diluted net income (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle per common share

      $ 0.04   

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle per common share

        0.01   
            

Diluted net income (loss) per common share

      $ 0.05   
            

Weighted average shares

        13,671,359   
            
   

 

(1)   For the year ended December 31, 2005, represents the impact of the adoption of Staff Position 150-5, Issuer’s Accounting under Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Statement No. 150 for Freestanding Warrants and Other Similar Instruments on Shares That Are Redeemable (“FSP 150-5”). Pursuant to FSP 150-5, the Company is required to classify its outstanding warrants to purchase mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock as a liability on the consolidated balance sheet and record adjustments to their fair value in the consolidated statements of operations at the end of each reporting period. For the year ended December 31, 2005, the impact of the change in accounting principle, net of tax, was to increase net income by $169,594, consisting of a $319,304 cumulative effect adjustment for the change in accounting principle as of July 1, 2005, when the Company adopted FSP 150-5, and $149,710 of expense that was recorded in other expenses, net to reflect the increase in fair value between July 1, 2005 and December 31, 2005. The warrants are subject to revaluation at each balance sheet date and any change in fair value will be recognized as a component of other expenses, net, until the exercise of the warrants.

 

(2)   For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company recorded in other expenses, net $825,095, of expense to reflect the after tax increase in fair value between December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2006.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ deficit

For the three years ended December 31, 2006

 

      Comprehensive
income (loss)
    Common stock  

Additional
paid-in

capital

   

Preferred
stock

warrants

   

Unearned
stock-based

compensation

   

Accumulated

deficit

   

Accumulated
other
comprehensive

income (loss)

         
      Shares   Amount             Total  
   

Balance as of December 31, 2003

    12,278,072   $ 122,781   $ 4,114,717     $ 582,000     $ (18,824 )   $ (45,275,018 )   $ (389,365 )   $ (40,863,709 )
                                                           

Stock options exercised

    735,137     7,351     18,000               25,351  

Issuance of stock options

          118         (118 )          

Forfeiture of stock options

          (1,592 )       1,592            

Stock-based compensation

              17,350           17,350  

Accretion of mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

          (494,878 )             (494,878 )

Net loss

  (2,206,018 )               (2,206,018 )       (2,206,018 )

Currency translation adjustment

  406,946                   406,946       406,946  

Unrealized net gains on investments

  46,195                   46,195       46,195  

Realized net gain on investments

  (1,015,838 )                 (1,015,838 )     (1,015,838 )
                     

Comprehensive loss

  (2,768,715 )                
           

Balance as of December 31, 2004

    13,013,209   $ 130,132   $ 3,636,365     $ 582,000     $     $ (47,481,036 )   $ (952,062 )   $ (44,084,601 )
                                                           

Stock options exercised

    82,654     827     8,176               9,003  

Reclassification of warrants to liabilities

            (582,000 )           (582,000 )

Accretion of mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

          (494,878 )             (494,878 )

Net income

  2,354,136                 2,354,136         2,354,136  

Currency translation adjustment

  499,916                   499,916       499,916  

Unrealized net gains on investments

  75,044                   75,044       75,044  

Realized net gain on investments

  (183,440 )                 (183,440 )     (183,440 )
                     

Comprehensive income

  2,745,656                  
           

Balance as of December 31, 2005

    13,095,863   $ 130,959   $ 3,149,663     $     $     $ (45,126,900 )   $ (560,542 )   $ (42,406,820 )
                                                           
   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Consolidated statements of changes in shareholders’ deficit

For the three years ended December 31, 2006

 

      

Comprehensive

income

    Common stock   

Additional
paid-in

capital

   

Accumulated

deficit

   

Accumulated

other

comprehensive

income (loss)

   

Total

 
       Shares    Amount         
   

Balance as of December 31, 2005

     13,095,863    $ 130,959    $ 3,149,663     $ (45,126,900 )   $ (560,542 )   $ (42,406,820 )
                                              

Stock options exercised

     71,119    $ 711      6,396           7,107  

Stock-based compensation

             33,223           33,223  

Accretion of mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

             (494,878 )         (494,878 )

Net income

   1,072,083               1,072,083         1,072,083  

Currency translation adjustment

   1,142,842                 1,142,842       1,142,842  

Unrealized net gains on investments

   102,330                 102,330       102,330  

Realized net gain on investments

   (184,094 )               (184,094 )     (184,094 )
                    

Comprehensive income

   2,133,161                
                                                  

Balance as of December 31, 2006

     13,166,982    $ 131,670    $ 2,694,404     $ (44,054,817 )   $ 500,536     $ (40,728,207 )
                                              
   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-7


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Consolidated statements of cash flows

For the three years ended December 31, 2006

 

      2006     2005     2004  
   

Cash flows from operations:

     

Net income (loss)

  $ 1,072,083     $ 2,354,136     $ (2,206,018 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

     

Depreciation and amortization

    2,016,939       1,572,497       1,084,483  

Interest expense

    96,833       128,333        

Realized gains on investments

    (184,094 )     (183,440 )     (1,015,838 )

Unrealized gains on investments

    (46,926 )            

Stock-based compensation expense

    33,223             17,350  

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

          (319,304 )      

Change in fair value of warrants

    1,269,377       230,323        

Deferred income taxes

    (1,291,549 )     (2,003,829 )      

Changes in assets and liabilities:

     

Accounts receivable

    403,075       (645,644 )     (989,226 )

Funds receivable from customers

    (6,026,226 )     (2,704,002 )     (1,458,484 )

Prepaid expenses

    (207,130 )     (91,926 )     (13,297 )

Other assets

    167,593       218,933       467,917  

Accounts payable

    4,651,264       1,957,580       1,102,696  

Funds payable to customers

    4,704,108       2,869,190       1,511,715  

Provisions

    (559,734 )     308,146       (15,087 )

Other liabilities

    59,518       (252,389 )     (4 )
                       

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

    6,158,354       3,438,604       (1,513,793 )
                       

Cash flows from investing activities:

     

Purchase of investments

    (4,944,956 )           (89,350 )

Proceeds from sale of investments

    2,184,822       1,106,712       9,562,987  

Payment for purchase of DeRemate, net of cash acquired

          (12,141,243 )      

Purchase of intangible assets

    (346,365 )     (548,886 )     (217,630 )

Purchases of property and equipment

    (2,097,555 )     (1,455,717 )     (1,904,390 )
                       

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

    (5,204,054 )     (13,039,134 )     7,351,617  
                       

Cash flows from financing activities:

     

Increase in short term debt

          2,335       277  

Decrease in short term debt

    (2,058 )            

Loans received

          12,000,000        

Loans paid

    (3,000,000 )            

Stock options exercised

    7,107       9,003       25,351  
                       

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

    (2,994,951 )     12,011,338       25,628  
                       

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

    203,840       (455,328 )     (157,901 )
                       

Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents

    (1,836,811 )     1,955,480       5,705,551  

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of year

    8,979,838       7,024,358       1,318,807  
                       

Cash and cash equivalents, end of year

  $ 7,143,027     $ 8,979,838     $ 7,024,358  
                       
   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

F-8


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Consolidated statements of cash flows (continued)

For the three years ended December 31, 2006

       2006    2005     2004
 

Supplemental cash flow information:

       

Cash paid for interest

   $ 851,667    $     $

Cash paid for income taxes

   $ 1,916,975    $ 781,857     $

Non-cash financing activities:

       

Accretion of preferred stock—dividends

   $ 494,878    $ 494,878     $ 494,878
                     

Acquisition of DeRemate subsidiaries:

       

Cash and cash equivalents

   $    $ 168,951     $

Accounts receivable

          210,354      

Prepaid expenses

          969      

Other current assets

          232,092      
                     

Total assets acquired

          612,366      
                     

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

          175,886      

Social security payable

          62,571      

Other current liabilities

          42,561      

Provisions

          445,754      
                     

Total liabilities assumed

          726,772      
                     

Net assets acquired

          (114,406 )    
                     

Goodwill

          12,124,000      

Customer list

        300,600    
                     

Purchase price

          12,310,194      
                     

Cash and cash equivalents acquired

          (168,951 )    
                     

Payment for purchase of DeRemate, net of cash acquired

   $    $ 12,141,243     $
 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements

1. Nature of business

MercadoLibre, Inc. (the “Company”) is a marketplace manager. The Company’s mission is to build an online marketplace that enables practically anyone to trade almost anything in Latin America, making inefficient markets more efficient.

Traditional offline marketplaces can be inefficient because i) they are fragmented and regional, ii) offer a limited variety and breadth of goods, iii) have high transaction costs, and iv) are information inefficient. The Company makes these inefficient marketplaces more efficient because i) its community of users can easily and inexpensively communicate and complete transactions, ii) its marketplace includes a very wide variety and selection of goods, and iii) it brings buyers and sellers together for much lower fees than traditional intermediaries. The Company attracts buyers by offering selection, value, convenience and entertainment, and sellers by offering access to broad markets, efficient marketing and distribution costs, ability to maximize prices and opportunity to increase sales.

The Company pioneered online trading in the region by developing a Web-based community in which buyers and sellers are brought together to browse, buy and sell items such as computers, electronics, collectibles, automobiles and a host of practical and miscellaneous items. The Company’s trading platform is a fully automated, topically arranged, intuitive, and easy-to-use online service that is available 24 hours-a-day, seven-days-a-week. The Company’s platform supports a fixed price format in which sellers and buyers trade items at a fixed price established by sellers, and an auction format in which sellers list items for sale and buyers bid on items of interest.

Providing more efficient and effective payment methods from buyers to sellers is essential to creating a faster, easier and safer online trading experience. Traditional payment methods such as bank deposits and cash on delivery present various obstacles to the online trading experience, including lengthy processing time, inconvenience and high costs. The Company addressed this opportunity through the introduction in 2004 of MercadoPago, an integrated online payments solution. MercadoPago was designed to facilitate transactions on the MercadoLibre Marketplace by providing an escrow mechanism that enables users to securely, easily and promptly send and receive payments online, and has experienced consistent growth since its launch.

In 2004, the Company introduced an online classified advertisements service platform for motor vehicles, vessels and aircrafts. Buyers usually require a physical inspection of these items or specific types of interaction before completing a transaction, and therefore a classified advertisements service is better suited for these types of items than the traditional online purchase method. For these items, buyers can search by make, model, year and price, and sellers can list their phone numbers and receive prospective buyers’ e-mail addresses, in order to allow for instant and direct communication between sellers and potential buyers. During 2005, the classified advertisements service platform was expanded to include real estate.

During 2006, the Company launched several initiatives to improve its platform, and expand its reach. Particularly relevant were the launch of a new platform for eShops, to attract lower rotation items and increase the breadth of products offered, the introduction of user generated information guides for buyers, that improve the shopping experience, and the expansion of the

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

online classifieds model by adding a services category. In terms of geographic expansion, the Company launched sites in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, and Panama.

As of December 31, 2006, the Company, through its wholly owned subsidiaries, operated online trading platforms directed towards Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Mexico, Panama, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela, and online payments solutions directed towards Argentina, Brazil, Mexico and Venezuela.

2. Summary of significant accounting policies

Principles of consolidation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated. Certain reclassifications have been made to prior years information to conform to current year presentation.

Substantially all revenues and operating costs are generated in the Company’s foreign operations, amounting to approximately 98%, 98% and 97% of the consolidated totals during 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Long-lived assets located in the foreign operations totaled $22,602,151 and $21,505,596 as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively. Cash and cash equivalents as well as short-term investments, totaling $13,463,683 and $12,391,104 at December 31, 2006 and 2005, respectively, are mainly located in the United States.

Use of estimates

The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used for, but not limited to accounting for allowance for doubtful accounts, depreciation, amortization, impairment and useful lives of long-lived assets, recognition of current and deferred income taxes and contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase, consisting primarily of debt securities and certificates of deposit, to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at amortized cost plus accrued interest.

Investments

Securities classified as available-for-sale are recorded at fair market value. Unrealized gains and losses on available-for-sale securities are recorded as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) as a separate component of shareholders’ deficit. Investments classified as held-to-maturity

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

are recorded at amortized cost with unrealized gains or losses recorded in earnings. As the Company’s investments are available to fund operations and mature in less than one year, all investments are classified as current assets.

Concentration of credit risk

Cash, cash equivalents, investments and accounts receivable are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash and cash equivalents and investments are placed with financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality. Accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located internationally. Accounts receivable balances are settled through customer credit cards, debit cards, and MercadoPago accounts, with the majority of accounts receivable collected upon processing of credit card transactions. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable and funds receivable from customers based upon its historical experience. Historically, such losses have been within management expectations. However, unexpected or significant future changes in trends could result in a material impact to future statements of income or cash flows. Due to the relatively small dollar amount of individual accounts receivable, the Company generally does not require collateral on these balances. The allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded as a charge to operating expense.

During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005, and 2004, no customers accounted for more than 10% of net revenues. As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, no customers accounted for more than 10% of net accounts.

Allowance for doubtful accounts

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may result from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Allowances are based upon several factors including, but not limited to, historical experience and the current condition of specific customers.

Funds receivable and funds payable to customers

Funds receivable relate to the Company’s Payments segment and arise due to the time taken to clear transactions through external payment networks. When customers fund their account using their bank account or credit card, there is a period before the cash is received by the Company. Hence, these funds are treated as a receivable until the cash is settled. These funds are presented net of the related allowance for chargebacks.

Funds payable relate also to the Company’s Payments segment and represent amounts due to customers which are held by the Company until the transaction is completed.

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Costs related to the planning and post implementation phases of website development efforts are recorded as an operating expense. Direct costs incurred in the development phase are capitalized and amortized over an estimated useful life of three years.

Goodwill and intangible assets, net

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is not subject to amortization, but is subject to at least an annual assessment for impairment, applying a fair-value based test.

Intangible assets resulting from the acquisitions of entities accounted for using the purchase method of accounting are estimated by management based on the fair value of assets received. Identifiable intangible assets are comprised of purchased customer lists, trademarks and licenses and non-compete agreements. Identifiable intangible assets are being amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and estimated useful lives ranging from three to five years.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairments whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired on this basis, the impairment loss to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

Goodwill is reviewed at least annually for impairment. Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit. The fair values of the reporting units are estimated using a combination of the income or discounted cash flows approach and the market approach, which utilizes comparable companies’ data. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, goodwill is considered impaired and a second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. No impairments were recognized during the reporting periods.

Revenue recognition

The Company’s net revenues are derived primarily from final value fees calculated as a percentage of the final sales transaction value, from listing fees, from optional feature fees, and from payment services processing fees; and to a much lesser extent, from online advertising.

Revenues are recognized when evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, no significant obligation remains and collection of the receivable is reasonably assured.

Revenues related to final value fees are recognized at the time that the transaction is successfully concluded. A transaction is considered successfully concluded when at least one buyer has bid above the seller’s specified minimum price or reserve price, whichever is higher, or at the seller’s specified fixed price at the end of the transaction term.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Revenues related to listing fees and optional feature fees are recognized ratably over the estimated period of the auction. Revenues resulting from a payment processing transaction are recognized once the transaction is completed.

Advertising revenues, which are principally derived from the sale of banners or sponsorship on the sites, are recognized as the impressions are delivered.

Stock-Based compensation

Prior to January 1, 2006, the Company accounted for its stock-based compensation using the intrinsic value method of accounting under the provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees (“APB No. 25”). The Company applied the disclosure provisions under Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123, “Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and related interpretations” (“SFAS No. 123”) as if fair value method had been applied in measuring compensation expense. As a result, stock-based compensation expense, based upon the fair value method, was included as a pro forma disclosure in the notes to the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of Statement of Financial Accounting Standard No. 123(R), “Share-Based Payment” (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), using the prospective transition method for new awards and to awards modified, repurchased, or cancelled after the required effective date. Under the prospective method, stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted after January 1, 2006 is based on the grant date fair value estimated in accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R). The Company recognizes compensation expense for stock-based compensation awards on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award. See Note 11 for details.

Taxes on revenues

The Company subsidiaries in Brazil, Argentina, Venezuela and Colombia are subject to certain taxes on revenues which are classified as cost of revenues and totaled $2,925,624, $1,598,184 and $661,164 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Advertising costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $13,788,791, $9,103,879 and $6,122,868 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of two components, net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), and defined as all other changes in equity of the Company that result from transactions other than with shareholders. Other comprehensive income (loss) includes the cumulative translation adjustment relating to the translation of the financial statements of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries and unrealized gains on investments classified as available-for-sale securities.

 

F-14


Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

The carrying value of mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock is increased by periodic accretions so that the carrying amount will equal the redemption amount at the redemption date. These increases are effected through charges against the Company’s additional-paid-in capital with effect on net income (loss) available to common shareholders and earnings per share.

Foreign currency translation

All of the Company’s foreign operations have determined the local currency to be their functional currency. Accordingly, these foreign subsidiaries translate assets and liabilities from their local currencies to U.S. dollars using year end exchange rates while income and expense accounts are translated at the average rates in effect during the year. The resulting translation adjustment is recorded as part of other comprehensive income (loss), a component of shareholders’ deficit. Gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in non-functional currencies are recognized in earnings. Net foreign currency transaction (losses) gains are included in the consolidated statements of operations under the caption “Other income (expenses)” and amounted to $(391,981), $250,432 and $211,146 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Income taxes

The Company is subject to U.S. and foreign income taxes. The Company accounts for income taxes following the liability method of accounting which requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are also recognized for tax loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets or liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company’s income tax expense consists of taxes currently payable, if any, plus the change during the period in the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities.

Change in accounting principle

On June 29, 2005, the FASB issued Staff Position 150-5, Issuer’s Accounting under FASB Statement No. 150 (“SFAS 150”) for Freestanding Warrants and Other Similar Instruments on Shares That Are Redeemable (“FSP 150-5”). FSP 150-5 requires the Company to classify its outstanding preferred stock warrants as liabilities on its balance sheet and record adjustments to the value of its preferred stock warrants in its statements of operations to reflect their fair value at each reporting period. The Company adopted FSP 150-5 and accounted for the cumulative effect of the change in accounting principle as of July 1, 2005.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

For the year ended December 31, 2005, the impact of the change in accounting principle, net of tax, was to increase net income by $169,594, consisting of a $319,304 cumulative effect adjustment for the change in accounting principle as of July 1, 2005, when the Company adopted FSP 150-5, and $149,710 of expense that was recorded in “Other income (expense), net” to reflect the increase in fair value between July 1, 2005 and December 31, 2005.

For the year ended December 31, 2006, the Company recorded in “Other expenses, net” $825,095, of expense to reflect the increase in fair value between December 31, 2005 and December 31, 2006.

Recent accounting pronouncements

1. Accounting for certain hybrid financial instruments

In February 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 155, “Accounting for Certain Hybrid Financial Instruments, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 133 and 140”. This Statement permits fair value remeasurement for any hybrid financial instrument that contains an embedded derivative that otherwise would require bifurcation, clarifies which interest-only strips and principal-only strips are not subject to the requirements of SFAS No. 133, establishes a requirement to evaluate interests in securitized financial assets to identify interests that are freestanding derivatives or that are hybrid financial instruments that contain an embedded derivative requiring bifurcation and amends SFAS No. 140 to eliminate the prohibition on a qualifying special-purpose entity from holding a derivative financial instrument that pertains to a beneficial interest other than another derivative financial instrument. This Statement is effective for all financial instruments acquired or issued after the beginning of an entity’s first fiscal year that begins after September 15, 2006. The adoption of SFAS No. 155 will not have any material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

2. Accounting for servicing of financial assets

In March 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 156 “Accounting for Servicing of Financial Assets”, which amends FASB Statement No. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishments of Liabilities”, with respect to the accounting for separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement requires an entity to recognize a servicing asset or servicing liability each time it undertakes an obligation to service a financial asset by entering into a servicing contract in certain situations; requires all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities to be initially measured at fair value, if practicable; and permits an entity to choose between an Amortization method or a Fair value measurement method to measure each class of separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This statement also requires separate presentation of servicing assets and servicing liabilities subsequently measured at fair value in the statement of financial position and additional disclosures for all separately recognized servicing assets and servicing liabilities. This Statement is effective for fiscal years that begin after September 15, 2006. The adoption of SFAS No. 156 will not have any material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

3. Accounting for uncertainty in income taxes

In June 2006, the FASB issued the Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes—an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109” (“FIN 48”). FIN 48 addresses the recognition and measurement of uncertain income tax position using a “more-likely-than-not” threshold and introduces new disclosures requirements. The evaluation of a tax position in accordance with FIN 48 is a two-step process: a) determines whether it is more-likely-than-not that a tax position will be sustained upon examination, including resolution of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits of the position; and b) a tax position that meets the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold is measured to determine the amount of benefit to recognize in the financial statements. Previously recognized tax positions that no longer meet the more-likely-than-not recognition threshold should be derecognized in the first subsequent financial reporting period in which that threshold is no longer met. FIN 48 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2006. The Company is currently analyzing the impact that the adoption of FIN 48 will have on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

4. Fair value measurements

In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (“SFAS 157”). The changes to current practice resulting from the application of SFAS 157 relate to the definition of fair value, the methods used to estimate fair value, and the requirement for expanded disclosures about estimates of fair value. The definition of fair value retains the exchange price notion in earlier definitions of fair value. SFAS 157 clarifies that the exchange price is the price in an orderly transaction between market participants to sell the asset or transfer the liability in the market in which the reporting entity would transact for the asset or liability. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. The adoption of SFAS 157 will not have a significant impact on the Company’s financial position and results of operations.

5. Fair value for financial assets and liabilities

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities—Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115”. This Statement permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. The objective is to improve financial reporting by providing entities with the opportunity to mitigate volatility in reported earnings caused by measuring related assets and liabilities differently without having to apply complex hedge accounting provisions. This Statement is expected to expand the use of fair value measurement, which is consistent with the Board’s long-term measurement objectives for accounting for financial instruments. The adoption of SFAS No. 159 will not have any material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

3. Net income / (loss) per share

Basic earnings (losses) per share for the Company’s common stock is computed by dividing net income / (loss) available to common shareholders attributable to common stock for the period by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Net income / (loss) available to common shareholders is computed by deducting from net income (or by increasing net loss) accretion of preferred stock.

The Company’s mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock is a participating security. Accordingly, net income for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005 was allocated between common stock and preferred stock under the “two class method” for purposes of computing basic earnings per share.

Diluted earnings per share for the Company’s common stock assume the exercise of outstanding stock options under the Company’s stock based employee compensation plans. For diluted earnings per common share, net income was also allocated between common stock and preferred stock under the “two class method” because assuming that mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock is fully converted into common stock would result in the same dilutive effect.

The following table shows how net income / (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle is allocated using the two-class method for earnings per common share:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
     Basic and
Diluted
    Basic     Diluted     Basic and
Diluted
 
   

Net income / (loss)

   $ 1,072,083     $ 2,354,136     $ 2,354,136     $ (2,206,018 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

           (319,304 )     (319,304 )      
                                

Net income / (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

   $ 1,072,083     $ 2,034,832     $ 2,034,832     $ (2,206,018 )
                                

Accretion of preferred stock

     (494,878 )     (494,878 )     (494,878 )     (494,878 )
                                

Net income / (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle available to common shareholders

   $ 577,205     $ 1,539,954     $ 1,539,954     $ (2,700,896 )
                                

Net income / (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle available to common shareholders attributable to preferred stock

     (389,047 )     (1,040,113 )     (1,024,690 )      
                                

Net income / (loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle available to common shareholders attributable to common stock

   $ 188,158     $ 499,841     $ 515,264     $ (2,700,896 )
                                
   

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

The following table shows how net income / (loss) is allocated using the two-class method for earnings per common share:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
     Basic and
Diluted
    Basic     Diluted     Basic and
Diluted
 
   

Net income / (loss)

   $ 1,072,083     $ 2,354,136     $ 2,354,136     $ (2,206,018 )

Accretion of preferred stock

     (494,878 )     (494,878 )     (494,878 )     (494,878 )
                                

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ 577,205     $ 1,859,258     $ 1,859,258     $ (2,700,896 )
                                

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders attributable to preferred stock

     (389,047 )     (1,255,777 )     (1,237,156 )      
                                

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders attributable to common stock

   $ 188,158     $ 603,481     $ 622,102     $ (2,700,896 )
                                
   

Net income (loss) per share of common stock is as follows for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2006    2005    2004  
     Basic and
Diluted
   Basic    Diluted    Basic and
Diluted
 
                               

Net income /(loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle available to common shareholders per common share

   $ 0.01    $ 0.04    $ 0.04    $ (0.21 )

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle per common share

          0.01      0.01       
                             

Net income /(loss) available to common shareholders per common share

   $ 0.01    $ 0.05    $ 0.05    $ (0.21 )
                             

Numerator:

           

Net income /(loss) before cumulative effect of change in accounting principle available to common shareholders

   $ 188,158    $ 499,841    $ 515,264    $ (2,700,896 )
                             

Net income / (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ 188,158    $ 603,481    $ 622,102    $ (2,700,896 )
                             

Denominator:

           

Weighted average of common stock outstanding for Basic earnings per share

     13,149,139      13,065,496      13,065,496      12,739,980  

Adjustment for Stock Options

               605,863       
                             

Adjusted weighted average of common stock outstanding for Diluted earnings per share

     13,149,139      13,065,496      13,671,359      12,739,980  
                             
   

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

The calculation of diluted net income (loss) per share excludes all anti-dilutive shares. For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the numbers of anti-dilutive shares are as follows:

 

       2006    2005    2004
                

Anti-dilutive shares

        

Warrants

   184,272    184,272    184,272

Options

   652,457       1,061,302
              
   836,729    184,272    1,245,574
              
 

4. Short-term investments

The composition of short-term investments is as follows:

 

       December 31,
     2006    2005
               

Short-term investments

     

Bond Mutual Funds

   $ 1,328,774    $ 3,411,266

Treasury Bills

     794,510     

Time Deposits

     4,197,372     
             

Total

   $ 6,320,656    $ 3,411,266

The Company has classified its investments in bond mutual funds as available-for-sale securities.

Available-for-sale securities are stated at market value, with unrealized gains and losses reflected, net of tax, as other comprehensive income in shareholders’ deficit. Realized gains and losses are included in earnings and are derived using the specific identification method for determining the cost of securities.

Unrealized gains of available-for-sale securities, net of tax, were $102,330, $75,044 and $46,195 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively. These investments do not have a maturity date.

Treasury bills and time deposits are considered held-to-maturity securities. Gains on sale of held to maturity securities were $46,926, $nil and $nil for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004. The held-to-maturity securities mature on several dates between January 2007 to December 2007.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

5. Balance sheet components

 

       December 31,  
     2006     2005  
   

Accounts receivable, net:

    

Users

   $ 5,407,150     $ 4,805,177  

Credit cards and other means of payments

     835,449       406,262  

Advertising

     123,410       11,283  

Others debtors

     45,265       3,062  
                
     6,411,274       5,225,784  

Allowance for doubtful accounts

     (4,428,271 )     (2,839,706 )
                
   $ 1,983,003     $ 2,386,078  
   

 

       December 31,  
     2006     2005  
   

Funds receivable from customers

    

Credit cards and other means of payments

   $ 10,379,947     $ 4,198,547  

Allowance for chargebacks

     (191,235 )     (36,061 )
                
   $ 10,188,712     $ 4,162,486  
   

 

       December 31,
     2006    2005
 

Other current assets:

     

VAT credits

   $ 148,267    $ 229,057

Other taxes

     49,396      109,883

Employee loan

     9,228     

Other

     39,461      74,795
             
   $ 246,352    $ 413,735
 

 

       Estimated
useful life
(years)
   December 31,  
        2006     2005  
   

Property and equipment, net:

       

Equipment

   3-5    $ 5,993,354     $ 4,460,401  

Furniture and fixtures

   3-5      823,436       566,640  

Software

   3      1,183,418       823,807  
                   
        8,000,208       5,850,848  

Accumulated depreciation

        (5,068,738 )     (3,507,225 )
                   
      $ 2,931,470     $ 2,343,623  
   

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

       For the years ended December 31,
     2006    2005    2004
 

Depreciation and amortization:

        

Cost of revenues

   $ 37,760    $ 23,330    $ 16,514

Product and technology development

     1,649,865      1,366,669      869,499

Sales and marketing

     14,525      12,072      8,480

General and administrative

     314,789      170,426      189,990
                    
   $ 2,016,939    $ 1,572,497    $ 1,084,483
 

 

       December 31,
     2006    2005
 

Accounts payable and accrued expenses:

     

Accounts payable

   $ 2,487,121    $ 726,800

Accrued expenses

     

Advertising

     2,191,902      968,320

Professional fees

     511,199      486,214

Other expenses provision

     506,344      479,874

Other current liabilities

     12,116     
             
   $ 5,708,682    $ 2,661,208
 

 

       December 31,  
     2006     2005  
   

Accumulated other comprehensive income / (loss):

    

Foreign currency translation

   $ 289,200     $ (853,642 )

Unrealized gains on investments

     282,934       363,289  

Estimated tax loss on above items

     (71,598 )     (70,189 )
                
   $ 500,536     $ (560,542 )
   

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

6. Business combinations, goodwill and intangible assets

Business combinations

The following table summarizes the acquisitions consummated by the Company during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 (in thousands):

 

Company Name   Country   Year
Acquired
  Post
Acquisition
Ownership
  Net Tangible
Assets /
(Liabilities)
    Identificable
Intangible
Assets
  Goodwill   Aggregate
Purchase
Price
 

eBazar.com.br Ltda. / Arremate.com

  Brazil   2005   100%   (194.7 )   96.3   1,857.8   1,759.4

DeRemate.com de Venezuela S.A., Colombia Branch

  Colombia   2005   100%   114.1     40.5   1,986.8   2,141.4

DeRemate.com de México S.A. de C.V.

  Mexico   2005   100%   (16.4 )   92.3   4,925.8   5,001.7

DeRemate.com del Peru S.A.

  Peru   2005   100%   38.7     22.4   929.6   990.7

DeRemate.com de Uruguay S.A.

  Uruguay   2005   100%   (10.8 )   9.3   229.5   228.0

DeRemate.com de Venezuela S.A.

  Venezuela   2005   100%   (45.2 )   39.7   2,194.5   2,189.0
 

Tangible net assets were valued at their respective carrying amounts as the management of the Company believes that these amounts approximated their current fair values at the respective acquisition dates. The valuation of identifiable intangible assets acquired reflects management’s estimates based on, among other factors, use of established valuation methods. Such assets consist of customer lists and user base, trademarks and trade names. Identifiable intangible assets are amortized over the period of estimated benefit using the straight-line method and the estimated useful lives of two to five years. Management believes the straight-line method of amortization represents the best estimate of distribution of the economic value of identifiable intangible assets. Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired in each business combination.

The following table summarizes the Company’s acquired intangible assets by type related to the above purchase acquisitions (in thousands):

 

Company Name    Country    Year
Acquired
   Customer
List /
User Base
 

eBazar.com.br Ltda. / Arremate.com

   Brazil    2005    96.3

DeRemate.com de Venezuela S.A., Colombia Branch

   Colombia    2005    40.5

DeRemate.com de México S.A. de C.V.

   Mexico    2005    92.3

DeRemate.com del Peru S.A.

   Peru    2005    22.4

DeRemate.com de Uruguay S.A.

   Uruguay    2005    9.3

DeRemate.com de Venezuela S.A.

   Venezuela    2005    39.7
 

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

The results of operations for periods prior to the acquisition for each acquisition, both individually and in the aggregate, were not material to the consolidated statement of operations of the Company and, accordingly, pro forma results of operations have not been presented.

DeRemate

On November 10, 2005, the Company acquired certain operations of its main competitor in online trading, DeRemate.com Inc., including all of its operations in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela, and the majority of shares of its subsidiaries (except for its Argentine and Chilean subsidiaries), for an aggregate purchase price of $12,310,194. The technology and business of DeRemate were integrated into MercadoLibre, and therefore the acquisition increased the Company’s users base and solidified its market leadership position in Latin America. The acquisition was financed with a loan from eBay, one of the Company’s largest shareholders.

Goodwill and intangible assets

The composition of goodwill and intangible assets is as follows:

 

       2006     2005  
                  

Indefinite lived assets

    

—Goodwill

   $ 20,572,792     $ 19,657,797  

Amortizable intangible assets

    

—Trademarks & Licenses

     1,333,321       1,004,722  

—Non-compete agreement

     605,706       553,253  

—Customer list

     524,172       495,701  
                

Total intangible assets

   $ 23,035,991     $ 21,711,473  

Accumulated amortization

     (1,693,676 )     (1,147,294 )
                
     $ 21,342,315     $ 20,564,179  

Goodwill

The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, are as follows:

 

       Year Ended December 31, 2006
     Marketplaces
     Brazil    Mexico     Other Countries    Total
                              

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 9,346,899    $ 4,987,323     $ 5,323,575    $ 19,657,797

—Effect of exchange rates changes

     886,163      (75,483 )     104,315      914,995
                            

Balance, end of year

   $ 10,233,062    $ 4,911,840     $ 5,427,890    $ 20,572,792
                            
 

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

       Year Ended December 31, 2005
     Marketplaces
     Brazil    Mexico    Other Countries     Total
                              

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 6,664,474    $    $     $ 6,664,474

—Goodwill acquired during year

     1,857,830      4,925,790      5,340,380       12,124,000

—Effect of exchange rates changes

     824,595      61,533      (16,805 )     869,323
                            

Balance, end of year

   $ 9,346,899    $ 4,987,323    $ 5,323,575     $ 19,657,797
                            
 

Amortizable intangibles assets

Amortizable intangible assets are comprised of customer lists and user base, trademarks and trade names, acquired software licenses and other acquired intangible assets including a non-compete agreement and developed technologies. Aggregate amortization expense for intangible assets totaled $482,344, $418,262 and $223,325 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Expected future intangible asset amortization from acquisitions completed as of December 31, 2006 is as follows:

 

For year ended 12/31/2007

   $  430,453

For year ended 12/31/2008

     263,038

For year ended 12/31/2009

     76,032

Thereafter

    
      
     $ 769,523

7. Segments

Reporting segments are based upon our internal organization structure, the manner in which our operations are managed, the criteria used by our chief operating decision-maker to evaluate segment performance, the availability of separate financial information, and overall materiality considerations.

The Marketplace segments include Brazil, Argentina, Mexico and Other countries (Chile, Colombia, Costa Rica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela) online marketplaces commerce platforms. The Payments segment includes our regional payments platform consisting of our business of MercadoPago.

Direct contribution consists of revenues less direct costs. Direct costs include specific costs of net revenues, sales and marketing expenses, and general and administrative expenses over which segment managers have direct discretionary control, such as advertising and marketing programs, customer support expenses, bank charges, allowances for doubtful accounts, authorized credits and transaction losses.

Expenses over which segment managers do not currently have discretionary control, such as certain technology and general and administrative costs, are monitored by management through shared cost centers and are not evaluated in the measurement of segment performance.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

The following tables summarize the financial performance of our reporting segments:

 

      Year Ended December 31, 2006  
    Marketplaces        
    Brazil     Argentina     Mexico     Other Countries     Total     Payments     Consolidated  
   

Net revenues

  $ 25,571,405     $ 7,027,681     $ 6,199,110     $ 5,930,873     $ 44,729,069     $ 7,329,821     $ 52,058,890  

Direct costs

    (18,193,271 )     (4,553,777 )     (5,040,322 )     (4,448,878 )     (32,236,248 )     (6,561,532 )     (38,797,780 )
                                                       

Direct contribution

    7,378,134       2,473,904       1,158,788       1,481,995       12,492,821       768,289       13,261,110  

Operating expenses and indirect costs of net revenues

                (7,863,181 )
                   

Income from operations

                5,397,929  
                   

Other income (expenses):

             

Interest income

                520,508  

Interest expense and other financial results

                (1,743,315 )

Foreign exchange

                (391,981 )

Other expenses, net

                (1,468,220 )
                   

Net income before income / asset tax and cumulative effect of change in acounting principle

              $ 2,314,921  
                   
   

 

      Year Ended December 31, 2005  
    Marketplaces        
    Brazil     Argentina     Mexico     Other Countries     Total     Payments     Consolidated  
   

Net revenues

  $ 15,339,446     $ 4,693,963     $ 2,782,817     $ 2,259,263     $ 25,075,489     $ 3,174,188     $ 28,249,677  

Direct costs

    (11,166,008 )     (3,063,498 )     (3,111,235 )     (2,337,581 )     (19,678,322 )     (2,883,520 )     (22,561,842 )
                                                       

Direct contribution

    4,173,438       1,630,465       (328,418 )     (78,318 )     5,397,167       290,668       5,687,835  

Operating expenses and indirect costs of net revenues

                (4,875,973 )
                   

Income from operations

                811,862  
                   

Other income (expenses):

             

Interest income

                351,779  

Interest expense and other financial results

                (456,430 )

Foreign exchange

                250,432  

Other expenses, net

                (292,173 )
                   

Net income before income / asset tax and cumulative effect of change in acounting principle

              $ 665,470  
                   
   

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

      Year Ended December 31, 2004  
    Marketplaces        
    Brazil     Argentina     Mexico     Other Countries     Total     Payments     Consolidated  
   

Net revenues

  $ 7,307,897     $ 2,702,099     $ 1,065,322     $ 1,055,224     $ 12,130,542     $ 532,790     $ 12,663,332  

Direct costs

    (6,267,703 )     (2,034,479 )     (2,017,141 )     (1,453,054 )     (11,772,377 )     (440,309 )     (12,212,686 )
                                                       

Direct contribution

    1,040,194       667,620       (951,819 )     (397,830 )     358,165       92,481       450,646  

Operating expenses and indirect costs of net revenues

                (3,800,059 )
                   

Loss from operations

                (3,349,413 )
                   

Other income (expenses):

             

Interest income

                1,245,793  

Interest expense and other financial results

                (329,279 )

Foreign exchange

                211,146  

Other expenses, net

                (19,876 )
                   

Net loss before income / asset tax and cumulative effect of change in acounting principle

              $ (2,241,629 )
                   
   

The following table summarizes the allocation of the long-lived tangible assets based on geography:

 

       Year ended December 31,
     2006    2005
 

US long-lived tangible assets

   $ 1,578,122    $ 1,394,764

Other countries long-lived tangible assets

     

Argentina

     827,438      630,764

Brazil

     459,978      260,204

Mexico

     43,542      36,712

Other countries

     22,390      21,179
             
   $ 1,353,348    $ 948,859
             

Total long-lived tangible assets

   $ 2,931,470    $ 2,343,623
             
 

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

The following table summarizes the allocation of the goodwill and intangible assets based on geography:

 

       Year ended December 31,
     2006    2005
 

US intangible assets

   $ 121,602    $ 35,742

Other countries goodwill and intangible assets

     

Argentina

     379,785      440,284

Brazil

     10,341,961      9,575,405

Mexico

     4,982,529      5,077,690

Rest

     5,516,438      5,435,058
             
   $ 21,220,713    $ 20,528,437
             

Total goodwill and intangible assets

   $ 21,342,315    $ 20,564,179
             
 

The following table summarizes the allocation of net revenues based on geography:

 

       Year ended December 31,
     2006    2005    2004
 

Brazil

   $ 30,776,669    $ 17,493,557    $ 7,648,775

Argentina

     7,836,707      5,152,129      2,840,185

Mexico

     7,169,955      3,263,715      1,119,148

Other countries

     6,275,559      2,340,276      1,055,224
                    

Total net revenues

   $ 52,058,890    $ 28,249,677    $ 12,663,332
                    
 

8. Common stock

Authorized, issued and outstanding shares

At December 31, 2006, as stated in the Company’s Second Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (the “Amended Certificate of Incorporation”), the Company has authorized the following classes of common stock (collectively the “Common Stock”):

 

Class of Common Stock    Number of
shares
      

Class A

   65,000,000

Class B-1

   6,400,000

Class B-2

   6,400,000

Class C

   8,600,000

Class D-1

   3,000,000

Class D-2

   3,000,000

Class E-1

   8,200,000

Class E-2

   8,200,000
    

Total number of shares

   108,800,000

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

As of December 31, 2006 and 2005, there were 13,166,982 and 13,095,863 shares of Class A Common Stock issued and outstanding with a par value of $0.01 per share.

Voting rights

The holders of Class A, Class C and Class E-1 Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share. The holders of Class B-1 and Class D-1 Common Stock will be entitled to vote the number of shares equal to the ratio of the total number of shares of all Class B and Class D Common Stock, respectively, to the total number of shares of Class B-1 and Class D-1 Common Stock, respectively. The holders of Class B-2, D-2 and E-2 Common Stock do not have voting rights, except with regards to a merger or consolidation of the Company.

The Board of Directors is comprised of 7 members. Holders of all classes of voting common stock can elect three members of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Board”), with the exception of one director who is subject to the collective approval of the holders of Series A and Series B-1 Preferred Stock. Holders of Series A, Series B and Series C Preferred Stock have the right to elect one, two and one member(s), respectively, to the Board (see Note 9).

Conversion rights

Class B-1, D-1 and E-1 Common Stock, held by a Regulated Stockholder, as defined in the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation, can be converted into Class B-2, D-2 and E-2 Common Stock at any time at a conversion rate of one to one. Class B-2, D-2 and E-2 Common Stock held by any shareholder can be converted into Class B-1, D-1 and E-1 Common Stock at any time at a conversion rate of one to one. Class C, B-1, D-1 and E-1 Common Stock can be converted to Class A Common Stock at any time at a conversion rate of one to one.

Conversion of the Class A Common Stock into any other class of common or preferred stock is not permitted per the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation.

At December 31, 2006, there were 24,600,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, and all shares of Class B, C, D and E Common Stock, reserved for issuance in connection with the conversion of the various classes of Common Stock, the various series of preferred stock and for the exercise of stock options.

9. Mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock

Since its inception, the Company has repeatedly amended its Certificate of Incorporation in order to authorize the issuance of Series A, Series B-1, Series B-2, Series C, Series D-1, Series D-2, Series E-1 and Series E-2 mandatory redeemable convertible preferred stock (the “Preferred Stock”).

In November 1999, the Company issued 7,600,000 shares of Series A and B mandatory redeemable convertible preferred stock to certain investors for $7,600,000, or $1 per share.

On May 5, 2000, the Company issued 11,461,776 shares of Series C and D mandatory redeemable convertible preferred stock to existing and new preferred shareholders for $46,650,000, or $4.07 per share. Of these shares, 1,228,486 were issued in connection with the conversion of promissory notes issued in March 2000.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

In September 2001, pursuant to a Securities Purchase Agreement with eBay Inc., the Company issued 8,126,062 shares of Series E mandatorily redeemable convertible preferred stock in exchange for a 100% equity interest in iBazar Brazil. The Company recorded the issuance of Series E preferred stock at its estimated fair market value amounting to $7,246,589, less issuance costs totaling $235,933.

The Preferred Stock has rights and preferences concerning dividends, redemption, conversion, liquidation and voting as follows:

Dividends

Holders of Preferred Stock are entitled to participate in dividends declared on the common stock on a ratable basis based upon the common stock equivalents represented by the shares of Preferred Stock held by the preferred holders (i.e. the number of common shares in which the preferred shares can be converted into). As of December 31, 2006, no dividends have been declared or paid by the Company.

Redemption

Two or more Series A and B preferred stockholders and two or more Series C, D and E preferred stockholders holding in excess of 50% of the Preferred Stock outstanding have the right, subject to certain regulatory restrictions, to require the Company to redeem all of the then outstanding Preferred Stock at any time on or after December 31, 2007 at a price per share equal to the 105% of the amount originally paid for such share when was originally issued.

Conversion

Each share of Preferred Stock is convertible at any time into the same corresponding class of Common Stock at an initial conversion price of $1 per share for Series A and B Preferred Stock, $4.07 for Series C and D Preferred Stock and $0.92 for Series E Preferred Stock. The conversion price shall be adjusted upon the issuance of common stock or common stock equivalents without consideration or for a consideration per share less than the conversion price, as described in the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation.

Series B-1, D-1 and E-1 Preferred Stock, held by a Regulated Stockholder, as defined in the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation, can be converted into Series B-2, D-2 and E-2 Preferred Stock, respectively, at any time upon demand of the holder of the stock at a conversion rate of one to one. Series B-2 and D-2 Preferred Stock can be converted into Series B-1 and D-1 Preferred Stock, respectively, at any time upon demand of the holder of the stock at a conversion rate of one to one. Series E-2 Preferred Stock can be converted into Series E-1 Preferred Stock at a conversion rate of one to one at any time after the Company achieves three consecutive quarters of net income of at least $0.1 million.

In the event of a Qualified Public Offering, as defined in the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation, all shares of Preferred Stock will be converted to the same class of Common Stock. The rate of conversion will be the same that would be applied in the event of an optional conversion.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Liquidation

In the event of liquidation, as defined in the Company’s Amended Certificate of Incorporation, the Series C, D and E preferred shareholders rank senior to any other preferred stock and any common stock. Holders of Series C and D preferred stock are entitled to received an amount equal to $4.28 per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends, while holders of Series E preferred stock are entitled to received an amount equal to $2.88 per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends. If the assets of the corporation available to pay the above mentioned liquidation preference are less than the liquidation amount to be paid, then such assets should be distributed as follows: 52.08% to the holders of Series C Preferred Stock, 18.03% to the holders of Series D Preferred Stock and 29.89% to the holders of Series E Preferred Stock.

The Series A and B preferred shareholders rank senior to any common stock and are entitled to received, after payment to Series C, D and E preferred shareholders, an amount equal to $0.77 per share plus any accrued but unpaid dividends. If the assets of the corporation available to pay the above mentioned liquidation preference are less than the liquidation amount to be paid, then such assets should be distributed as follows: 21.05% to the holders of Series A Preferred Stock and 78.95% to the holders of Series B Preferred Stock.

After payment of the debts and liabilities of the Company and the preferences on the outstanding preferred stock, holders of the common stock and preferred stock will share ratably in the remaining net assets of the Company based on total common stock and common stock equivalents outstanding.

Voting

Holders of the Series A, B-1, C, D-1 and E-1 Preferred Stock are entitled to vote on all matters submitted for a vote to the Company’s common stockholders. Holders of Series A, C and E-1 Preferred Stock are entitled to one vote per share. Holders of the Series B-1 and D-1 Preferred Stock are entitled to the same number of votes they would have if the shares had been converted to Class B-1 and D-1 Common Stock, respectively. Series B-2, D-2 and E-2 Preferred Stock do not have voting rights, except with regards to a merger or consolidation of the Company. See Note 8 for details of the common stock voting rights.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

The following table presents a summary of the Company’s Preferred Stock activity during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004:

 

      Series      
    A   B-1   B-2   C   D-1   D-2   E-1   E-2   Total
 

Balances at December 31, 2003

  $ 1,642,400   $ 1,902,387   $ 4,256,610   $ 35,325,501   $ 1,832,732   $ 10,401,213   $ 6,214,684   $ 1,016,384   $ 62,591,911
                                                     

Accretion

    9,400     10,888     24,363     264,250     13,710     77,805     81,185     13,277     494,878
                                                     

Balances at December 31, 2004

  $ 1,651,800   $ 1,913,275   $ 4,280,973   $ 35,589,751   $ 1,846,442   $ 10,479,018   $ 6,295,869   $ 1,029,661   $ 63,086,789
                                                     

Accretion

    9,400     10,888     24,363     264,250     13,710     77,805     81,185     13,277     494,878
                                                     

Balances at December 31, 2005

  $ 1,661,200   $ 1,924,163   $ 4,305,336   $ 35,854,001   $ 1,860,152   $ 10,556,823   $ 6,377,054   $ 1,042,938   $ 63,581,667
                                                     

Accretion

    9,400     10,888     24,363     264,250     13,710     77,805     81,185     13,277     494,878
                                                     

Balances at December 31, 2006

  $ 1,670,600   $ 1,935,051   $ 4,329,699   $ 36,118,251   $ 1,873,862   $ 10,634,628   $ 6,458,239   $ 1,056,215   $ 64,076,545
                                                     

At December 31, 2006:

                 

Number of shares outstanding

    1,600,000     1,853,275     4,146,725     8,513,408     441,687     2,506,681     6,983,878     1,142,184     27,187,838
                                                     

Number of shares authorized

    1,800,000     6,400,000     6,400,000     8,600,000     3,000,000     3,000,000     8,200,000     8,200,000     45,600,000
                                                     

Redemption amount

  $ 1,680,000   $ 1,945,939   $ 4,354,061   $ 36,382,652   $ 1,887,549   $ 10,712,301   $ 6,539,424   $ 1,069,495   $ 64,571,421
                                                     

Minimum liquidation amount

  $ 1,233,961   $ 1,429,294   $ 3,198,062   $ 36,439,983   $ 1,890,554   $ 10,729,356   $ 20,122,071   $ 3,290,880   $ 78,334,161
                                                     
 

The Common and Preferred Stock contain certain covenants, which, among other things, restrict capital expenditures, issuance of additional shares, payment of dividends, transactions with related parties, and certain investments, without the previous authorization of the preferred shareholders.

At December 31, 2006, 17,074,430 shares of the Series B, D and E Preferred Stock were reserved for issuance in connection with the conversion of the various series of Preferred Stock.

10. Warrants

In connection with the promissory notes issued in March 2000, the Company issued warrants to purchase a number of shares of new classes of preferred stock. The warrants had an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the new series of preferred stock. The warrants holders had the option of exercising the warrants with either cash or, if the fair market value of the shares at the date of exercise exceeds the warrants exercise price, in stock through a net settlement.

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

In March 2005, the shareholders approved a 5 year extension of the exercise period of Warrants issued on March 17, 2000, from March 17, 2005 to March 17, 2010. No charge was recorded during 2005 related to the extension of the warrants because there is no material difference between the fair value of the warrants before and after this modification.

As discussed in note 2, as a result of the adoption of FSP 150-5, as from July 1, 2005 the Company classified its outstanding warrants as liabilities in its balance sheet recognizing in its statement of operations the changes in its fair value at each reporting period.

At December 31, 2006, the warrants to purchase 184,272 shares of Series C and D preferred stock for a total consideration of $750,000 have not been exercised.

11. Stock option plan

In October 1999, the Company adopted the 1999 Stock Option Plan (the “Plan”). At December 31, 2006, the Company has reserved 4,732,400 shares of Class A Common Stock for issuance under the Plan. Awards granted under the Plan are at the discretion of the Company’s Board of Directors and may be in the form of either incentive or nonqualified stock options. Options granted under the Plan generally vest over a three to four year period and expire ten years after the date of grant. At December 31, 2006, there are 295,687 shares of Class A Common stock available for additional awards under the Plan.

Up to December 31, 2005, when options were granted to employees, a non-cash charge representing the difference between the exercise price and the fair market value of the common stock underlying the options on the date of grant was recorded as reduction of shareholders’ equity and amortized over the vesting period. For the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004, the Company recognized unearned stock-based compensation of $nil, and amortized $nil and $17,350, respectively, as stock-based compensation.

The following table illustrates the effect on net income (loss) available to common shareholders if the company had applied the fair value method to stock-based employee compensation:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2005    2004  
   

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ 1,859,258    $ (2,700,896 )

Plus:

     

Stock-based employee compensation determined under the intrinsic value method

          17,350  

Minus:

     

Stock-based employee compensation determined under the fair value method

          (17,454 )
               

Proforma net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ 1,859,258    $ (2,701,000 )
   

Pro forma basic and diluted earnings per share as if the fair-value-based method had been applied to all awards are not materially different to the basic and diluted earnings per share presented in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

The proforma amounts may not be representative of the effect on proforma net loss in future years, since the estimated fair value of stock options is amortized over the vesting period and additional options may be granted in future years.

The weighted-average estimated fair value of options granted (above fair value of stock) during the year ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 was $nil. The fair value of each stock option was estimated on the date of grant using the minimum value method assuming no dividend yield, risk free interest rate of approximately 6% in 2005 and weighted average expected option terms of six years.

The following table summarizes stock option activity under the Plan for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004:

 

       2005    2004
     Number of
options
    Weighted-
average
exercise
price
   Number of
options
    Weighted-
average
exercise price
 

Outstanding, beginning of year

   791,076     $ 0.22    1,618,588     $ 0.11

Granted above fair value of stock

   5,000       1.50    96,700       0.49

Forfeited or expired

   (6,500 )     0.01    (6,475 )     0.16

Lapsed

   (18,100 )     0.83    (182,600 )     0.12

Exercised

   (82,654 )     0.11    (735,137 )     0.03
                         

Outstanding, end of year

   688,822       0.22    791,076       0.22
                         

Exercisable, end of year

   619,182     $ 0.19    632,730     $ 0.19
 

The following table summarizes information about stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2005:

 

       Outstanding    Exercisable
Exercise
price
   Number of
options
   Weighted-average
remaining
contractual
life (year)
   Number of
options
 

$0.01

   547,509    0.24    503,807

$0.75

   65,000       65,000

$1.00

   41,000       41,000

$1.50

   31,313    2.93    5,375

$3.00

   4,000       4,000
              
   688,822    0.32    619,182
 

 

Weighted average Exercise Price

      

—Options outstanding

   $ 0.22

—Options exercisable

   $ 0.19
 

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

On January 1, 2006, the Company adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R) requiring the recognition of compensation expense based upon the grant date fair value of its stock-based compensation awards.

Stock-based compensation expense related to stock options and employee stock purchases for 2006 was allocated as follows:

 

Product and technology development

   $ 8,935

Sales and marketing

     19,924

General and administrative

     4,364
      

Total

   $ 33,223
      
 

The effect of adopting SFAS No. 123(R) per basic and per diluted share for the year ended December 31, 2006, is not material.

In accordance with SFAS No. 123(R), the Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model to measure the fair value of its option awards granted after January 1, 2006. The Black-Scholes model requires the input of highly subjective assumptions including volatility, expected term, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield. In 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (“SAB No. 107”) which provides supplemental implementation guidance for SFAS No. 123(R). Since the Company has no history of volatility, the expected volatility is based on the historical volatilities of similar entities’ common stock over the most recent period commensurate with the estimated expected term of the awards. The expected term of an award is based on the “simplified” method allowed by SAB No. 107, whereby the expected term is equal to the midpoint between the vesting date and the end of the contractual term of the award. The risk-free interest rate is based on the rate on U.S. Treasury zero coupon issues with maturities consistent with the estimated expected term of the awards. The Company has not paid dividends and does not anticipate paying a dividend in the foreseeable future and accordingly, uses an expected dividend yield of zero.

The following weighted-average assumptions were used in estimating the fair value of options for the year ended December 31, 2006:

 

 

Stock price volatility: 36%

 

Expected term: 7 years

 

Risk-free interest rate: 6%

The weighted-average grant date fair value of options granted during the year ended December 31, 2006 was $4.68.

Stock-based compensation expense recognized is based on the estimated portion of the awards that are expected to vest. The Company also estimated expected forfeitures of stock options upon adoption of SFAS 123(R). In developing a forfeiture rate estimate, Management considered its historical experience and expectations. Actual forfeiture activity may differ from the estimated forfeiture rate.

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Stock option activity is as follows:

 

       2006
     Number of
options
    Weighted-
average
exercise price
 

Outstanding, beginning of year

   688,822     $ 0.22

Granted below fair value of stock

   17,000       1.50

Granted above fair value of stock

   6,500       6.00

Forfeited or expired

   (7,372 )     0.41

Lapsed

   (500 )     0.01

Exercised

   (71,119 )     0.10
            

Outstanding, end of year

   633,331       0.33
            

Exercisable, end of year

   576,550     $ 0.21
            
 

The following details the outstanding options at December 31, 2006:

 

       Outstanding    Exercisable
Exercise
price
  

Number of

options

  

Weighted-average
remaining

contractual

life (years)

  

Number of

options

 

$0.01

   476,824    0.12    458,418

$0.75

   65,000       65,000

$1.00

   35,000       35,000

$1.50

   46,007    2.22    14,132

$3.00

   4,000       4,000

$6.00

   6,500    3.67   
              
   633,331    0.29    576,550
 

 

Weighted average Exercise Price

      

—Options outstanding

   $ 0.33

—Options exercisable

   $ 0.21
        

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

12. Management incentive bonus plan

In September 2001, the Company implemented the 2001 Management Incentive Bonus Plan (the “Incentive Plan”) to provide incentives to, and align the interests of, senior management with the Company’s shareholders. As established in the Incentive Plan, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, with the consent of the Board, made the initial determination as to the executives entitled to the benefits under the plan (the “Participants”) and the amounts of participation (the “Participation Percentages”). The Board of Directors administers the Incentive Plan.

Pursuant to the Incentive Plan, if the Company is sold, the Participants are entitled to receive a “sale bonus” and a “stay bonus” as follows:

 

 

If the purchase price is equal or greater than $20,000,000, then Participants shall be entitled to receive i) a sale bonus equal to 5.5% of the purchase price and ii) a stay bonus equal to 7.1% of the purchase price; provided, however, that in no event shall the amount paid or payable by the purchaser considered for the Incentive Plan calculation exceed $78,335,000. Each Participant shall participate on these bonuses based on its Participation Percentage.

 

 

If the purchase price is less than $20,000,000, then Participants shall be entitled to receive a stay bonus equal to 7.1% of the purchase price. Each Participant shall participate on this stay bonus based on its Participation Percentage.

As the consummation of the sale is not considered probable, no provision has been recognized at December 31, 2006.

13. Income taxes

The components of pretax income / (loss) in consolidated companies for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004 are as follows:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
   

United States

   $ (3,105,021 )   $ (1,164,508 )   $ 247,683  

Brazil

     4,332,451       3,273,141       (299,299 )

Argentina

     425,235       (163,889 )     (373,380 )

Mexico

     512,948       (738,794 )     (1,263,245 )

Other Countries

     149,308       (540,480 )     (553,388 )
                        
   $ 2,314,921     $ 665,470     $ (2,241,629 )
                        
   

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Income / Asset tax is composed of the following:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
                          

Current:

      

Federal

   $     $     $  

Foreign

     1,916,976       781,856        
                        
     1,916,976       781,856        

Deferred:

      

Federal

                  

Foreign

     (745,196 )     (2,210,340 )     (35,611 )
                        
     (745,196 )     (2,210,340 )     (35,611 )
                        
     1,171,780       (1,428,484 )     (35,611 )
                        

Asset Tax:

      

Federal

                  

Foreign

     71,058       59,122        
                        
     71,058       59,122        
                        

Income / asset tax expense (benefit)

   $ 1,242,838     $ (1,369,362 )   $ (35,611 )
                        
   

The following is a reconciliation of the difference between the actual provision for income taxes and the provision computed by applying the blended income tax rate for 2006, 2005 and 2004 to income before taxes:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2006     2005     2004  
                          

Net income / (loss) before income tax

   $ 2,314,921     $ 665,470     $ (2,241,629 )

Blended income tax rate

     38%       48%       28%  
                        

Provision at blended tax rate

   $ 888,848     $ 316,469     $ (632,500 )

Permanent differences:

      

Non-deductible expenses

     705,571       206,139       71,888  

Prescription of NOLs

     236,821       254,870        

Non-taxable income

     (83,625 )     (73,680 )     (6,211 )

Currency translation

     294,081       (190,600 )     (218,044 )

Change in valuation allowance

     (869,916 )     (1,941,682 )     749,256  
                        

Income tax expense / (benefit)

   $ 1,171,780     $ (1,428,484 )   $ (35,611 )
                        
   

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected to reverse. The following table summarizes the composition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005:

 

       Year ended December 31,  
     2006     2005  
                  

Deferred tax assets

    

Allowance for doubtful accounts

   $ 1,132,873     $ 550,133  

Property and equipment, net

     471,481       138,357  

Accounts payable and accrued expenses

     42,139       70,392  

Social security payable

     376,830       99,136  

Other liabilities

     352,962        

Taxes payable

     2,681       1,121  

Provisions

     236,241       106,250  

Tax loss carryforwards

     10,104,651       11,443,789  
                

Net deferred tax assets

     12,719,858       12,409,178  

Valuation allowance

     (9,272,221 )     (10,142,137 )
                
     3,447,637       2,267,041  
                

Deferred tax liabilities

    

Other liabilities

           (91,320 )

Unrealized net gains on investments

     (71,598 )     (70,189 )

Customer list

     (80,661 )     (101,703 )
                
     (152,259 )     (263,212 )
                
   $ 3,295,378     $ 2,003,829  
                
   

The total amount of $2,003,829 for the year ended December 31, 2005, is disclosed in the consolidated balance sheet as current and non-current asset amounting to $619,179 and $1,384,650, respectively.

The total amount of $3,295,378 for the year ended December 31, 2006, is disclosed in the consolidated balance sheet as current and non-current asset amounting to $2,904,558 and $390,820, respectively.

As of December 31, 2006, consolidated loss carryforwards for income tax purposes were $32,732,739. If not utilized, tax loss carryforwards will begin to expire as follows:

 

2008

   $ 1,060,277

2009

     455,638

2010

     4,813,006

Thereafter

     26,403,818
      

Total

   $ 32,732,739
 

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

Out of the total tax loss carryforwards as of December 31, 2006 and 2005, there are $1,342,508 and $1,575,885, respectively, with a full valuation allowance which correspond to the DeRemate operations. Accordingly, in the event that such tax benefits will be used, the release of that valuation allowance should be allocated to reduce Goodwill.

14. Commitments and contingencies

Litigation and other legal matters

At the beginning of 2006, the Brazilian subsidiary of the Company had 37 cases in litigation in ordinary courts, 4 of which (QIX Skateboards Industria e Comercio Ltda., Editora COC Empreendimentos Culturais Ltda., Puma Sports Ltda. (“Puma”), and Sporloisirs S.A. and Lacoste do Brasil Indústria e Comércio Ltda. (“Lacoste”)) were related to alleged intellectual property infringement. During the year 2006, the Brazilian subsidiary of the Company was sued in 36 cases in ordinary courts. In most of these cases the plaintiffs asserted that the Company was responsible for fraud committed against them, or responsible for damages suffered when purchasing an item on the website, when using MercadoPago, or when the Company invoiced them. Two of the lawsuits were related to alleged intellectual property infringement, filed by Vintage Denim Ltda. and Barros, Fischer e Associados Ltda., which claimed that our Brazilian subsidiary was infringing their trademarks as a result of users selling counterfeit copies of their products through the Company’s web site. In 2006, the claims filed by Puma and Lacoste were settled, with no consideration paid to the plaintiffs, and an agreement to establish processes to protect intellectual property rights based on the notice and take down procedure for alleged infringing items listed in the web site. At the end of 2006, 68 legal actions were still in litigation in the Brazilian ordinary courts. In addition, the Brazilian subsidiary of the Company received more than 715 legal actions in consumer courts, where a lawyer is not required. In most of the cases, the plaintiffs asserted that the Company was responsible for fraud committed against them, or responsible for damages suffered when purchasing an item on the website, when using MercadoPago, or when the Company invoiced them. At the end of the year, there were more than 670 cases still in litigation in these consumer courts. As of December 31, 2006 the Company had established reserves of $280,636 to cover 157 legal actions against the Company’s subsidiary in Brazil, and $29,687 to cover some lawsuits against DeRemate Brazil because a loss was considered probable. As of December 31, 2006 no loss amount has been accrued over 453 legal actions in Brazil for the aggregate amount up to $1,301,129 because a loss is not considered probable or estimable.

Other third parties have from time to time claimed, and others may claim in the future, that the Company was responsible for fraud committed against them, or that the Company has infringed their intellectual property rights. The underlying laws with respect to the potential liability of online intermediaries like the Company are unclear in the jurisdictions where the Company operates. The Company believes that additional lawsuits alleging that the Company has violated copyright or trademark laws will be filed against the Company. Intellectual property claims, whether meritorious or not, are time consuming and costly to resolve, could require expensive changes in the Company’s methods of doing business, or could require the Company to enter into costly royalty or licensing agreements. The Company may be subject to patent disputes, and be subject to patent infringement claims as the Company’s services expand in scope and complexity. In particular, the Company may face additional patent infringement claims involving various aspects of the Company’s Payments businesses.

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

From time to time, the Company is involved in other disputes or regulatory inquiries that arise in the ordinary course of business. The number and significance of these disputes and inquiries are increasing as the Company’s business expands and the Company grows larger. Any claims or regulatory actions against the Company, whether meritorious or not, could be time consuming, result in costly litigation, require significant amounts of management time, and result in the diversion of significant operational resources.

Litigation after December 31, 2006

In February 2007, the claim filed by Barros, Fischer e Associados Ltda. (“Barros, Fischer”) was settled. In order to settle the case, no consideration was paid to plaintiff and the parties agreed to establish procedures to protect Barros, Fischer’s intellectual property rights based on the notice and take down of alleged infringing items listed in the Brazilian web site. In March 2007, the Company’s Brazilian subsidiary was summoned of a lawsuit filed in April 2006 by Fallms Distribuição de Fitas Ltda. (“Fallms”) and Nacional Distribuidora de Fitas Ltda. (“100% Nacional”) alleging that it was infringing its intellectual property rights as a result of users selling unauthorized copies of their copyrighted movies through the Brazilian web site and by using their trademark “Brasileirinhas” on such copies. During 2007 up to date, the Company’s Brazilian subsidiary was also demanded in 19 other cases in Brazilian courts.

Other contingencies

As of December 31, 2006 the Company had reserved $182,842 against some tax contingencies identified in some of its subsidiaries.

Operating leases

The Company has leases for office space in the various countries it operates in. Total rental expense amounted to approximately $474,737, $359,739 and $181,010 for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, respectively.

Minimum remaining annual commitments under the non-cancelable operating leases are as follows:

 

2007

   $ 405,013

2008

     68,468

2009

     23,257
      
   $ 496,738
 

Employment contracts

Certain executive employees are employed under contracts which provide for annual base salaries aggregating to approximately $1,008,000 per year, a performance based bonus, and some fringe benefits. The employment contracts automatically renew annually, if not previously cancelled. All these contracts include clauses which in the event of employment termination without proper reason, require payment of full wages for one year after employment termination.

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

15. Related party transactions

Indemnification agreements

The Company has entered into indemnification agreements with each of the directors and executive officers of its local subsidiaries. These agreements require the Company to indemnify such individuals, to the fullest extent permitted by the laws of the jurisdiction where these subsidiaries operate, for certain liabilities to which they may become subject by reason of the fact that such individuals are or were directors or executive officers of the local subsidiaries of the Company.

Curtidos San Luis S.A.

The Company leases office space from Curtidos San Luis S.A.. Immediate family of Marcos Galperin (CEO) are managers and shareholders of the controlling company of Curtidos San Luis S.A.. During the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004, the Company recognized expenses from Curtidos San Luis S.A. totaling $309,012, $213,064 and $101,640, respectively.

At December 31, 2006 and 2005, the amounts payables to this supplier were $71,363 and $24,545, respectively.

eBay Inc.

On November 7, 2005 the Company obtained a secured loan granted by eBay Inc. in connection with the acquisition of DeRemate subsidiaries, under the following conditions:

 

 

Principal amount: $12,000,000

 

Interest Rate: 7%

 

Maturity: 5 years, or upon an issuance of securities, such as an initial public offering

During the years ended December 31, 2006 and 2005, the Company recognized $820,167 and $128,333, respectively of interest expenses from this loan which are included in interest expense and other financial charges in the accompanying consolidated statements of operations. At December 31, 2006 and 2005 the Company owed to eBay Inc. $9,096,833 and $12,128,333, respectively. On November 6, 2006, the Company paid $851,667 of interest. On November 8, 2006, the Company prepaid $3,000,000 of principal.

In connection with the loan obtained from eBay, the Company has pledged all capital stock, membership units or other equity interests that the Company now owns or hereafter acquires, in MercadoLibre S.A., MercadoLibre Mexico S.A. de C.V., MercadoLivre.com Atividades de Internet Ltda., MercadoLibre Venezuela S.A., MercadoLibre de Colombia S.A., MercadoLibre Chile S.R.L. and any other Subsidiaries.

Others:

On January 17, 2006, we entered into a Loan and Security Agreement with Mr. Ignacio Vidaguren, Customer Service Vice President. Under the terms of the agreement Mr. Vidaguren may have requested advances from time to time before December 31, 2006, in an aggregate outstanding amount not to exceed US$214,503, at an annual interest rate of 5%. The agreement

 

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Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

calls for interest-only payments on January 17 of each year until the maturity date. The maturity date will be the earlier of (i) January 17, 2011 or (ii) three days after Mr. Vidaguren receives proceeds from the sale of his equity securities issued by us or (iii) the day that Mr. Vidaguren receives proceeds pursuant to sales of securities in connection with our initial public offering. The loan is secured by collateral consisting of Mr. Vidaguren’s property, whether presently existing or subsequently acquired, related to equity interests issued by us and our subsidiaries and any rights or distributions of any kind arising from those equity interests. Events of default include (a) non-payment, (b) violation of covenants such as any kind of transfer of the equity interests, and creation of encumbrances of any kind on the equity interests, and (c) falsity of the representations and warranties of the agreement. At December 31, 2006, the outstanding amount on the loan, including principal and interest, was US$ 9,228.

 

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Table of Contents

Mercadolibre, Inc.

Notes to consolidated financial statements (continued)

 

16. Valuation and qualifying accounts

The following table summarizes valuation and qualifying accounts activity during the years ended December 31, 2006, 2005 and 2004:

 

       Balance at
beginning of
period
   Charged /
credited to
Net income /
(loss)
    DeRemate
acquisition
   Charges
Utilized /
Write-offs
    Balance at
end of
period
 

Allowance for doubtful accounts

            

Year ended December 31, 2004

   $ 1,162,053    $ 1,508,812     $    $ (1,180,110 )   $ 1,490,755

Year ended December 31, 2005

     1,490,755      2,904,399            (1,555,448 )     2,839,706

Year ended December 31, 2006

     2,839,706      5,054,643            (3,466,078 )     4,428,271

Funds receivable from customers allowance for chargebacks

            

Year ended December 31, 2004

     1,289      63,774            (25,381 )     39,682

Year ended December 31, 2005

     39,682      518,598            (522,219 )     36,061

Year ended December 31, 2006

     36,061      1,160,264            (1,005,090 )     191,235

Tax valuation allowance

            

Year ended December 31, 2004

     9,771,250      749,256                  10,520,506

Year ended December 31, 2005

     10,520,506      (1,167,208 )     1,563,313      (774,474 )     10,142,137

Year ended December 31, 2006

     10,142,137      460,986            (1,330,902 )     9,272,221

Contingencies

            

Year ended December 31, 2004

          29,867                  29,867

Year ended December 31, 2005

     29,867      79,008       165,203      (62,365 )     211,713

Year ended December 31, 2006

     211,713      525,789            (244,337 )     493,165

*    *    *     *

 

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Table of Contents

Report of independent auditors

To the Board of Directors and

Shareholders of Mercadolibre Inc.

In our opinion, the accompanying combined statements of operations, of changes in net investment and of cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the results of operations of DeRemate Operations, and its cash flows for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These combined financial statements are the responsibility of Mercadolibre, Inc.’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these combined financial statements based on our audit. We conducted our audit of these combined statements in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States of America. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the combined financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the combined financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall combined financial statement presentation. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

As discussed in Note 2 to the combined financial statements, DeRemate operations include the accounts of the acquired separate legal entities of DeRemate.com, Inc. The combined financial statements also include allocations of corporate overhead and other expenses from DeRemate.com, Inc. These allocations may not be reflective of the actual level of costs or debt which would have been incurred had the Company operated as a separate entity from DeRemate.com, Inc.

PRICE WATERHOUSE & Co. S.R.L.

By:

 

/s/ Juan C. Grassi

  (Partner)
  Juan C. Grassi  

 

 

Buenos Aires, Argentina

May 11, 2007

 

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DeRemate Operations

Combined Statement of Operations

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


 

     2005  

Net revenues

   $ 1,934,886  

Cost of net revenues

     (394,113 )
        

Gross profit

     1,540,773  

Operating expenses:

  

Product and technology development

     (319,827 )

Sales and marketing

     (1,188,761 )

General and administrative

     (608,476 )
        

Total operating expenses

     (2,117,064 )
        

Loss from operations

     (576,291 )
        

Other income (expenses):

  

Interest income

     4,616  

Interest expense and other financial charges

     (62,368 )

Foreign currency loss

     (57,404 )
        

Net loss before income tax

     (691,447 )
        

Income tax

     (7,060 )
        

Net loss

   $ (698,507 )
        

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these combined financial statements.

 

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DeRemate Operations

Combined Statement of Changes in Net Investment

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


 

     Comprehensive
loss
    Contribution
from Parent
Company
   Accumulated
deficit
    Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income
   Total  

Balance as of December 31, 2004

     $ 17,090,487    $ (24,696,499 )   $ 144,066    $ (7,461,946 )
                                

Contribution from Parent Company received

       109,000           109,000  

Capitalization of Parent Company loans

       6,617,159           6,617,159  

Net loss

   (698,507 )        (698,507 )        (698,507 )

Currency translation adjustment

   81,464            81,464      81,464  
                

Comprehensive loss

   (617,043 )          
                                    

Balance as of December 31, 2005

     $ 23,816,646    $ (25,395,006 )   $ 225,530    $ (1,352,830 )
                                

 

 

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these combined financial statements.

 

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DeRemate Operations

Combined Statement of Cash Flows

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


 

     2005  

Cash flows from operations:

  

Net loss

   $ (698,507 )

Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities:

  

Depreciation

     72,915  

Changes in assets and liabilities:

  

Accounts receivable

     29,908  

Prepaid expenses

     3,225  

Other assets

     54,847  

Accounts payable

     (143,514 )

Provisions

     282,196  
        

Net cash used in operating activities

     (398,930 )
        

Cash flows from financing activities:

  

Parent Company Loans received

     330,972  

Parent Company Loans paid

     (180,000 )

Contribution from Parent Company received

     109,000  
        

Net cash provided by financing activities

     259,972  
        

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents

     95,793  
        

Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents

     (43,165 )

Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of the period

     212,116  
        

Cash and cash equivalents, end of the period

   $ 168,951  
        

Supplemental cash flow information:

  

Cash paid for income taxes

   $ 7,398  

Non-cash financing activities:

  

Capitalization of Parent Company loans

   $ 6,617,159  
        

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these combined financial statements.

 

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DeRemate Operations

Notes to Combined Financial Statement

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


1. Nature of Business

 

Business operations

DeRemate.com, Inc., operated an online marketplace that enables practically anyone to trade almost anything in Latin America. The DeRemate.com, Inc.’s trading platform is a fully automated online service that is available 24 hours-a-day, seven-days-a-week. The DeRemate.com, Inc.’s platform supports a fixed price format in which sellers and buyers trade items at a fixed price established by sellers, and an auction format in which sellers list items for sale and buyers bid on items of interest.

DeRemate.com, Inc, conducted its business through 8 subsidiaries located in Argentina, Chile, Brazil, Colombia, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela.

Sale of operations

On November 10, 2005, Mercadolibre, Inc. acquired certain operations of DeRemate.com Inc., including all of the businesses and shares in the Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Mexico, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela subsidiaries (“DeRemate operations” or the “Company”). Mercadolibre, Inc. did not acquire the DeRemate.com Argentine and Chilean subsidiaries.

The accompanying financial statements combine DeRemate operations for the period from January 1 to October 31, 2005.

2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation

The combined financial statements include the accounts of the acquired separate legal entities of DeRemate.com, Inc. and have been prepared in United States dollars, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. As explained below all of the separate legal entities have determined their local currency to be their functional currency. All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.

Additionally, certain general corporate overheads and other expenses have been allocated by DeRemate.com, Inc. to the Company. Management believes such allocations are reasonable; however, the combined financial statements of DeRemate Operations may not be indicative of the Company’s future performance and do not necessarily reflect what its combined results of operations and cash flows would have been had the Company operated as a separate, stand-alone company during the period presented.

Use of estimates

The preparation of combined financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the

 

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DeRemate Operations

Notes to Combined Financial Statement

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

 

date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used for, but not limited to accounting for allowance for doubtful accounts, depreciations and useful lives of property and equipment and contingencies. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and cash equivalents

All highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less at the date of purchase, consisting primarily of certificates of deposit, are considered to be cash equivalents. Cash equivalents are stated at amortized cost plus accrued interest.

Concentration of credit risk

Cash, cash equivalents and accounts receivable are potentially subject to concentration of credit risk. Cash and cash equivalents are placed with financial institutions that management believes are of high credit quality. Accounts receivable are derived from revenue earned from customers located internationally. Accounts receivable balances are settled through customer credit cards and debit cards, with the majority of accounts receivable collected upon processing of credit card transactions. The Company maintains an allowance for doubtful accounts receivable based upon its historical experience. Historically, such losses have been within management expectations. However, unexpected or significant future changes in trends could result in a material impact to future statements of income or cash flows. Due to the relatively small dollar amount of individual accounts receivable, the Company generally does not require collateral on these balances. The allowance for doubtful accounts is recorded as a charge to operating expense.

During the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005, no customers accounted for more than 10% of net revenues. As of October 31, 2005, no customers accounted for more than 10% of net accounts.

Allowance for doubtful accounts

The Company maintains allowances for doubtful accounts for estimated losses that may result from the inability of its customers to make required payments. Allowances are based upon several factors including, but not limited to, historical experience and the current condition of specific customers.

Property and equipment, net

Property and equipment are recorded at cost and depreciated over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. Repairs and maintenance costs are expensed as incurred.

 

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DeRemate Operations

Notes to Combined Financial Statement

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

 

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews long-lived assets for impairments whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to undiscounted future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If such assets are considered to be impaired on this basis, the impairment loss to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying amount of the assets exceeds the fair value of the assets.

Revenue Recognition

The Company’s net revenues are derived primarily from final value fees calculated as a percentage of the final sales transaction value and from optional feature fees; and to a much lesser extent, from online advertising.

Revenues are recognized when evidence of an arrangement exists, the fee is fixed or determinable, no significant obligation remains and collection of the receivable is reasonably assured.

Revenues related to final value fees are recognized at the time that the transaction is successfully concluded. A transaction is considered successfully concluded when at least one buyer has bid above the seller’s specified minimum price or reserve price, whichever is higher, or at the seller’s specified fixed price at the end of the transaction term.

Revenues related to optional feature fees are recognized ratably over the estimated period of the auction.

Advertising revenues, which are principally derived from the sale of banners or sponsorship on the sites, are recognized as the impressions are delivered.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred and totaled $518,886 for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005.

Contribution from Parent Company

Contribution from Parent Company represents funds received from DeRemate.com Inc. (the “Parent Company”) for the purpose of financing the operations of the separate legal entities. As part of the financial support given to the separate legal entities, during the ten month period ended October 31, 2005, intercompany loans amounting to $6,617,159 were capitalized.

Comprehensive Loss

Comprehensive loss is comprised of two components, net loss and other comprehensive income, and defined as all other changes in equity of the Company that result from transactions other

 

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DeRemate Operations

Notes to Combined Financial Statement

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

 

than with shareholders. Other comprehensive income includes the cumulative translation adjustment relating to the translation of the financial statements of each separate legal entity.

Foreign Currency Translation

All of the separate legal entities have determined their local currency to be their functional currency. Accordingly, these foreign entities translate assets and liabilities from their local currencies to U.S. dollars using year end exchange rates while income and expense accounts are translated at the average rates in effect during the year. The resulting translation adjustment is recorded as part of other comprehensive income, a component of net investment. Gains and losses resulting from transactions denominated in non-functional currencies are recognized in earnings. Net foreign currency transaction losses are included in the combined statement of operations under the caption “Other income (expenses)” and amounted to $57,404 for the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005.

Income Taxes

Each separate legal entity is subject to income taxes in the country of origin. The Company accounts for income taxes following the liability method of accounting which requires the recognition of deferred tax liabilities and assets for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and the tax bases of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets are also recognized for tax loss carryforwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets or liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that all or a portion of the Company’s deferred tax assets will not be realized. The Company’s income tax expense consists of taxes currently payable, if any, plus the change during the period in the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities.

3. Commitments and Contingencies

Litigation and Other Legal Matters

As of October 31, 2005 the Company had established reserves of $24,692 to cover some legal actions against the Company’s operations in Brazil. The Company’s legal counsel determined that it was probable that these actions would result in a negative ruling.

Other third parties have from time to time claimed, and others may claim in the future, that the Company was responsible for fraud committed against them, or that the Company has infringed their intellectual property rights. The underlying laws with respect to the potential liability of

 

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DeRemate Operations

Notes to Combined Financial Statement

For the ten-month period ended October 31, 2005


3. Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)

 

Litigation and Other Legal Matters (Continued)

 

online intermediaries like the Company are unclear in the jurisdictions where the Company operates. Management believes that additional lawsuits alleging that the Company has violated copyright or trademark laws could be filed against the Company. Intellectual property claims, whether meritorious or not, are time consuming and costly to resolve, could require expensive changes in the Company’s methods of doing business, or could require the Company to enter into costly royalty or licensing agreements. The Company may be subject to patent disputes, and be subject to patent infringement claims as the Company’s services expand in scope and complexity. From time to time, the Company is involved in other disputes or regulatory inquiries that arise in the ordinary course of business.

Other contingencies

As of October 31, 2005 the Company had reserved $147,300 against some tax contingencies identified in some of the separate legal entities, and no loss amount has been accrued over other tax contingencies for the aggregate amount of $278,168 because a loss is not considered probable or estimable.

* * * *

 

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                     shares

LOGO

Common stock

Prospectus

JPMorgan    Merrill Lynch & Co.

                    , 2007

You should rely only on the information contained in this prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with information different from that contained in this prospectus. We are offering to sell, and seeking offers to buy, common stock only in jurisdictions where offers and sales are permitted. The information contained in this prospectus is accurate only as of the date of this prospectus, regardless of the time of delivery of this prospectus or of any sale of our common stock.

No action is being taken in any jurisdiction outside the United States to permit a public offering of the common stock or possession or distribution of this prospectus in that jurisdiction. Persons who come into possession of this prospectus in jurisdictions outside the United States are required to inform themselves about and to observe any restrictions as to this offering and the distribution of this prospectus applicable to that jurisdiction.

We have not undertaken any efforts to qualify this offering for offers to individual investors in any jurisdiction outside the United States. Therefore, individual investors located outside the United States should not expect to be eligible to participate in this offering.

Until                     , 2007, all dealers that buy, sell or trade in our common stock, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealers’ obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as underwriters and with respect to their unsold allotments or subscriptions.


Table of Contents

Part II

Information not required in prospectus

Item 13. Other expenses of issuance and distribution.

The following table sets forth the costs and expenses to be paid by the Company in connection with the sale of the shares of common stock being registered hereby (other than underwriting discount). All amounts are estimates except for the Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee, the NASD filing fee and the Nasdaq Global Market filing fee.

 

Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee

   $ 3,070

NASD filing fee

     10,500

Nasdaq Global Market filing fee

     *

Accounting fees and expenses

     *

Legal fees and expenses

     *

Road show expenses

     *

Printing and engraving expenses

     *

Blue sky fees and expenses

     *

Transfer agent and registrar fees and expenses

     *

Miscellaneous

     *

Total

   $ *

 

*   To be completed by amendment.

Item 14. Indemnification of directors and officers.

Section 145 of the Delaware General Corporation Law authorizes a court to award, or a corporation’s board of directors to grant, indemnity to directors and officers in terms sufficiently broad to permit such indemnification under certain circumstances for liabilities (including reimbursement for expenses incurred) arising under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).

As permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, which will become effective upon the closing of this offering, includes a provisions that (i) eliminate, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, the personal liability of its directors for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director, and (ii) require the Registrant to advance expenses, as incurred, to its directors and officers in connection with a legal proceeding to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, subject to certain very limited exceptions.

As permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, the Amended and Restated Bylaws of the Registrant, which will become effective upon the closing of this offering, provide that (i) the Registrant is required to indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, (ii) the Registrant may indemnify any other person as set forth in the Delaware General Corporation Law, and (iii) the rights conferred in the Amended and Restated Bylaws are not exclusive.

The Registrant intends to enter into Indemnification Agreements with each of its current directors and officers to give such directors and officers additional contractual assurances

 

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regarding the scope of the indemnification set forth in the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation and to provide additional procedural protections. At present, there is no pending litigation or proceeding involving a director, officer or employee of the Registrant regarding which indemnification is sought, nor is the Registrant aware of any threatened litigation that may result in claims for indemnification.

Reference is also made to Section              of the Underwriting Agreement, which provides for the indemnification of officers, directors and controlling persons of the Registrant against certain liabilities. The indemnification provision in the Registrant’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws and the Indemnification Agreements entered into between the Registrant and each of its directors and officers may be sufficiently broad to permit indemnification of the Registrant’s directors and officers for liabilities arising under the Securities Act.

The Registrant, with approval by the Registrant’s Board of Directors, expects to obtain directors’ and officers’ liability insurance.

See also the undertakings set out in response to Item 17.

Reference is made to the following documents filed as exhibits to this Registration Statement regarding relevant indemnification provisions described above and elsewhere herein:

 

   
EXHIBIT DOCUMENT    NUMBER

Form of Underwriting Agreement*

   1.01

Form of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be effective upon the closing of this offering

   3.01

Form of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Bylaws to be effective immediately upon the closing of this offering

   3.02

Form of Indemnification Agreement*

   10.01
 

 

*   To be supplied by amendment.

Item 15. Recent sales of unregistered securities.

The following table sets forth the securities sold by us since January 1, 2004.

 

           
Individual or group name    Type of
securities
   Date of sale    Preferred    Common    Total
consideration
              
              
              
              
 

All sales of common stock made pursuant to the exercise of stock options granted under the Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan to Registrant’s officers, directors, employees and consultants were made in reliance on Rule 701 under the Securities Act or on Section 4(2) of the Securities Act.

Item 16. Exhibits and financial statement schedules.

 

(a)   The following exhibits are filed herewith:

The attached Exhibit Index is incorporated by reference herein.

 

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(b)   Financial Statement Schedules.

No financial statement schedules are provided because the information called for is not required or is shown either in the financial statements or the notes thereto included as part of the prospectus.

Item 17. Undertakings.

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreement, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriters to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the provisions described under Item 14 above, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that:

(1) For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this Registration Statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act shall be deemed to be part of this Registration Statement as of the time it was declared effective.

(2) For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) For the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser if the Registrant is subject to Rule 430C, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

 

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(4) For the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, the undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of the undersigned Registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the undersigned Registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant or used or referred to by the undersigned Registrant;

(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the undersigned Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the undersigned Registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the undersigned Registrant to the purchaser.

 

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this registration statement on Form S-1 to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the City of Buenos Aires, Argentina, on the 11 th day of May, 2007.

 

MERCADOLIBRE, INC.

By:

 

/s/    Marcos Galperín        

 

Marcos Galperín

Chief Executive Officer

Power of attorney

KNOW ALL MEN BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below hereby constitutes and appoints Marcos Galperín and Nicolas Szekasy and each of them as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign this Registration Statement and all amendments to this Registration Statement, and any additional related registration statement filed pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (including post-effective amendments to this Registration Statement and any such related registration statements), and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and any other documents in connection therewith, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or their substitute or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated.

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/ Marcos Galperín

Marcos Galperín

  

Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer)

  May 11, 2007

/s/ Nicolás Szekasy

Nicolás Szekasy

  

Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

  May 11, 2007

/s/ Nicolás Galperín

Nicolás Galperín

  

Director

  May 11, 2007

/s/ Marcos Clutterbuck

Marcos Clutterbuck

  

Director

  May 11, 2007

/s/ Michael Spence

Michael Spence

  

Director

  May 11, 2007

/s/ Alberto Delgado

Alberto Delgado

  

Director

  May 11, 2007

/s/ Timothy Kingston

Timothy Kingston

  

Director

  May 11, 2007

/s/ Gerardo Rosenkranz

Gerardo Rosenkranz

  

Director

  May 11, 2007

 

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EXHIBIT

NUMBER

   EXHIBIT TITLE
1.01    Form of Underwriting Agreement*.
2.01    Stock Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 10, 2005, by and among DeRemate.com, Inc., S.A. La Nacion, Hispanoamerican Educational Investments BV, Hammer.com, LLC, and MercadoLibre, Inc.*
2.02    Asset Purchase Agreement, dated as of November 10, 2005, by and among Hammer.com, LLC, MercadoLibre, Inc., DeRemate.com, Inc., S.A. La Nacion and Hispanoamerican Educational Investments BV.*
3.01    Form of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation to be effective upon the closing of this offering.
3.02    Form of Registrant’s Amended and Restated Bylaws to be effective immediately upon the closing of this offering.
4.01    Form of Specimen Certificate for Registrant’s Common Stock.*
4.02    Second Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated September 24, 2001, by and among the Registrant and the investors named therein.
5.01    Opinion of Hunton & Williams LLP regarding legality of the securities being registered.*
10.01    Form of Indemnity Agreement entered into by Registrant with each of its directors and executive officers.*
10.02    Quota Purchase Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2001 among the Registrant, Marcos Eduardo Galperín, Matthew Bannick and eBay Inc.*
10.03    Lease Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2004, between Curtidos San Luis S.A. and MercadoLibre S.A.
10.04    Lease Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2005, between Curtidos San Luis S.A. and MercadoLibre S.A.
10.05    Concession Contract, dated as February 7, 2007, between Border’s Parking S.R.L. and MercadoLibre S.A.
10.06    Property Lease Agreement, dated June 28, 2005, between MercadoLivre.com Atividades de Internet Ltda. and KW Radar Construtora e Incorporadora Ltda.
10.07    Property Lease Agreement, dated as of November 1, 2004, between MercadoLivre.com Atividades de Internet Ltda. and Barros e Spitaletti Empreendimentos Ltda.
10.08    Loan and Security Agreement, dated as of November 2, 2005, by and between eBay Inc. and the Registrant.*
10.09    Strategic Alliance Agreement, dated as of September 24, 2001, by and between eBay Inc. and the Registrant.*
10.10    Management Incentive Bonus Plan of the Registrant.*
10.11    Amended and Restated 1999 Stock Option and Restricted Stock Plan.*
10.12    Employment Agreements with Directors and Officers.*
21.01    List of Subsidiaries.
23.01    Consent of Hunton & Williams LLP (included in Exhibit 5.01).*
23.02    Consent of Price Waterhouse & Co., S.R.L. member firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers, independent accountants.
24.01    Power of attorney (included on signature page to this registration statement.)
 

 

*   To be supplied by amendment.

EXHIBIT 3.01

FOURTH AMENDED AND RESTATED

CERTIFICATE OF INCORPORATION

OF

MERCADOLIBRE, INC.

THE UNDERSIGNED, for the purpose of amending and restating the Certificate of Incorporation of a Delaware corporation pursuant to §245 of the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “ DGCL ”), hereby certifies that:

ARTICLE I

NAME

The name of the corporation is MercadoLibre, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”).

ARTICLE II

REGISTERED OFFICE

The address of the registered office of the Corporation in the State of Delaware is 15 East North Street, Dover, Delaware 19901-3609. The name of the Corporation’s registered agent at such address is United Corporate Services, Inc.

ARTICLE III

NATURE OF BUSINESS

The purpose for which the Corporation is organized is to conduct any lawful business, and to promote any lawful act or activity for which corporations may be organized under the DGCL.

ARTICLE IV

CAPITAL STOCK

1. Authorized Capital Stock . This Corporation is authorized to issue 150,000,000 shares, consisting of (i) 110,000,000 shares of Common Stock, par value $0.001 per share (“ Common Stock ”) and 40,000,000 shares of Preferred Stock, par value $0.001 per share (“ Preferred Stock ”). The voting, dividend and liquidation rights of the holders of the Common Stock are subject to and qualified by the rights of the holders of the Preferred Stock of any series as may be designated by the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “ Board of Directors ”) upon any issuance of the Preferred Stock of any series. The Board of Directors may classify and reclassify any unissued shares of Common Stock into other classes or series of stock. Prior to issuance of shares of each class or series, the Board of Directors shall set the terms, preferences, conversion or other rights, voting powers, restrictions, limitations as to distributions, qualifications and terms or conditions of redemption for each class or series of Common Stock pursuant to a resolution adopted by the Board of Directors and/or provided in the DGCL.

 

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2. Preferred Stock . Preferred Stock may be issued from time to time in one or more series, each of such series to have such terms as stated or expressed herein and in the resolution or resolutions providing for the issue of such series adopted by the Board of Directors as hereinafter provided. Any shares of Preferred Stock that may be redeemed, purchased or acquired by the Corporation may be reissued except as otherwise provided by law.

Authority is hereby expressly granted to the Board of Directors from time to time to issue Preferred Stock in one or more series, and in connection with the creation of any such series, by resolution or resolutions providing for the issuance of the shares thereof, to determine and fix the number of shares of such series and such voting powers, full or limited, or no voting powers, and such designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights, and qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, including, without limitation thereof, dividend rights, conversion rights, redemption privileges and liquidation preferences, as shall be stated and expressed in such resolutions, all to the full extent now or hereafter permitted by the DGCL. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the resolutions providing for issuance of any series of Preferred Stock may provide that such series shall be superior or rank equally or be junior to the Preferred Stock of any other series to the extent permitted by law.

The number of authorized shares of Preferred Stock may be increased or decreased (but not below the number of shares then outstanding) by the affirmative vote of the holders of two-thirds of the stock of the Corporation entitled to vote, irrespective of the provisions of Section 242(b)(2) of the DGCL.

ARTICLE V

INCORPORATOR

The name and the mailing address of the incorporator of the Corporation is:

 

Name    Mailing Address

John F. Haley

  

Hunton & Williams LLP

1111 Brickell Avenue, Suite 2500

Miami, Florida 33131

ARTICLE VI

DIRECTORS

1. Number and Term . The number of directors that shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be fixed from time to time by a resolution duly adopted by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors shall be divided into three classes as nearly equal in number as possible, with one class to be elected annually. The term of office of the initial directors shall be as follows: the term of directors of the first class shall expire at the first annual meeting of stockholders after the effective date of this Certificate of Incorporation; the term of office of the directors of the second class shall expire at the second annual meeting of stockholders after the effective date of this Certificate of Incorporation; and the term of office of the third class shall expire at the third annual meeting of stockholders after the effective date of this Certificate of Incorporation; and, as to directors of each class, when their respective successors are elected and qualified. At each annual meeting of stockholders, directors elected to succeed those whose terms are expiring shall be elected for a term of office to expire at the third succeeding annual meeting of stockholders (except to the extent necessary to ensure that the Board of Directors shall be divided into three classes as nearly equal in number as possible) and when their respective successors are elected and qualified.

 

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2. Removal . Any director (including persons elected by directors to fill vacancies in the Board of Directors) may be removed from office by stockholders only for cause and only upon the affirmative vote of not less than two-thirds of the total votes eligible to be cast by stockholders at a duly constituted meeting of stockholders called expressly for such purpose. Cause for removal shall exist only if the director whose removal is proposed has been either declared of unsound mind by an order of a court of competent jurisdiction, convicted of a felony or of an offense punishable by imprisonment for a term of more than one year by a court of competent jurisdiction, or deemed liable by a court of competent jurisdiction for gross negligence or willful misconduct in the performance of such director’s duties to the Corporation.

3. Vacancies . Vacancies in the Board of Directors shall be filled in accordance with the procedures set forth in the Bylaws.

ARTICLE VII

BYLAWS

In furtherance and not in limitation of the powers conferred by statute, the Board of Directors is expressly authorized to make, repeal, alter, amend and rescind the Bylaws of the Corporation.

ARTICLE VIII

WRITTEN BALLOT, ACTION WITHOUT A MEETING, CUMULATIVE VOTING

1. Election by Written Ballot . Election of directors at an annual or special meeting of stockholders need not be by written ballot unless the Bylaws of the Corporation so provide.

2. Action Without a Meeting . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in Section 228 of the DGCL, stockholders of the Corporation may not take action by written consent in lieu of a meeting.

3. Cumulative Voting . Stockholders of the Corporation shall not be permitted to cumulate their votes for the election of directors or for any other purpose.

ARTICLE IX

SPECIAL MEETINGS, INTRODUCTION OF BUSINESS

1. Special Meetings . Unless otherwise required by law, special meetings of the stockholders of the Corporation, for any purpose or purposes, may be called only by (i) a majority of the Board of Directors, (ii) the Chairman of the Board of Directors, or (iii) the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation.

2. Introduction of Business and Stockholder Nominations . Advance notice of stockholder nominations for election of directors and other business to be brought by stockholders before a meeting of stockholders shall be given in accordance with the procedures outlined in the Bylaws of the Corporation in order for such nominations or other business to be considered at such meeting.

 

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ARTICLE X

LIABILITY OF DIRECTORS

To the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as the same may be amended from time to time, or any other applicable laws presently or thereafter in effect, a director of the Corporation shall not be personally liable to the Corporation or its stockholders for monetary damages for breach of fiduciary duty as a director. If the DGCL is hereafter amended to authorize, with the approval of a corporation’s stockholders, further elimination of the liability of a corporation’s directors for breach of fiduciary duty, then a director of the Corporation shall not be liable for any such breach to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as so amended. No amendment or repeal of this provision will deprive a director of the benefits of this Article X with respect to any act or omission occurring prior to such amendment or repeal.

ARTICLE XI

INDEMNIFICATION

1. Right to Indemnification . The Corporation shall, to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL, as the same may be amended from time to time, or any other applicable laws presently or thereafter in effect, indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative and whether brought by or in the right of the Corporation or otherwise, by reason of the fact that such person is or was a director or officer of the Corporation, or is or was a director or officer of the Corporation and is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise, against all expenses (including attorneys’ fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such action, suit or proceeding. The right to indemnification shall extend to the heirs, executors, administrators and estate of any such director or officer. The right to indemnification provided in this Article XI (a) will not be exclusive of any other rights to which any person seeking indemnification may otherwise be entitled, including, without limitation, pursuant to any bylaw, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise, both as to action in their official capacities and as to action in another capacity while holding such office, and (b) will be applicable to matters otherwise within its scope whether or not such matters arose or arise before or after the adoption of this Article XI. Without limiting the generality or the effect of the foregoing, the Corporation may adopt bylaws, or enter into one or more agreements with any person, that provide for indemnification greater or otherwise different than that provided in this Article XI or the DGCL, and any such agreement approved by the Board of Directors will be a valid and binding obligation of the Corporation regardless of whether one or more members of the Board of Directors, or all members of the Board of Directors, are parties thereto or to similar agreements. Any amendment or repeal of, or adoption of any provision inconsistent with, this Article XI will not adversely affect any right or protection existing hereunder, or arising out of events occurring or circumstances existing, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, repeal or adoption, and no such amendment, repeal or adoption will affect the legality, validity or enforceability of any agreement entered into or right granted prior to the effective date of such amendment, repeal or adoption.

 

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2. Right to Advancement of Expenses . The right to indemnification conferred in Section 1 of this Article XI shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses (including, without limitation, attorneys’ fees and expenses) reasonably incurred in defending any such action, suit or proceeding in advance of its final disposition (an “ Advancement of Expenses ”); provided , however , that, if the DGCL so requires, an Advancement of Expenses incurred by an indemnitee in his or her capacity as a director or officer as described in Section 1 of Article XI above (and not in any other capacity in which service was or is rendered by such indemnitee, including, without limitation, service to an employee benefit plan) shall be made only upon delivery to the Corporation of an undertaking, by or on behalf of such indemnitee, to repay all amounts so advanced if it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal that such person is not entitled to be indemnified for such expenses under this Section 2 or otherwise. The rights to indemnification and to the Advancement of Expenses conferred in Sections 1 and 2 of this Article XI shall be contract rights and such rights shall continue as to an indemnitee who has ceased to be a director, officer, employee or agent and shall inure to the benefit of the indemnitee’s heirs, executors and administrators. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Corporation shall not be required to advance any expenses to a person against whom the Corporation directly brings a claim, in a proceeding, alleging that such person has breached his or her duty of loyalty to the Corporation, committed an act or omission not in good faith or that involves intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law, or derived an improper personal benefit from a transaction.

3. Merger or Consolidation . For purposes of this Article XI, references to the “ Corporation ” shall include, in addition to the resulting Corporation, any constituent Corporation (including any constituent of a constituent) absorbed in a consolidation or merger which, if its separate existence had continued, would have had power and authority to indemnify its directors, officers and employees or agents, so that any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of such constituent Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of such constituent Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall stand in the same position under this Article XI with respect to the resulting or surviving Corporation as he or she would have with respect to such constituent Corporation if its separate existence had continued.

ARTICLE XII

RESTRICTIONS ON OFFERS AND ACQUISITIONS OF THE CORPORATION’S

EQUITY SECURITIES

1. Restrictions . No individual, partnership, firm, corporation, association, trust, unincorporated organization or other entity, or any syndicate or group deemed to be a person under Section 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (each, a “Person”) shall directly or indirectly offer to acquire or acquire, whether voluntarily or involuntarily, by operation of law or otherwise, the beneficial ownership of any securities of the Corporation that will cause it to beneficially own (i) more than 20% of the issued and outstanding shares of any class of an equity security of the Corporation, or (ii) any securities convertible into, or

 

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exercisable for, any equity securities of the Corporation if, assuming conversion or exercise by such Person of all securities of which such Person is the beneficial owner which are convertible into, or exercisable for, such equity securities (but of no securities convertible into, or exercisable for, such equity securities of which such Person is not the beneficial owner), such Person would be the beneficial owner of more than 20% of any class of an equity security of the Corporation. For purposes of this Article XII, “beneficial ownership” of a security shall mean the power to directly, or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement or otherwise, (i) vote or direct the voting of such security, or (ii) invest, dispose or direct the disposition of such security.

2. Exclusions . The foregoing restrictions shall not apply to (i) any offer with a view toward public resale made exclusively to the Corporation by underwriters or a selling group acting on its behalf, (ii) any employee benefit plan or arrangement established by the Corporation or a subsidiary of the Corporation and any trustee of such a plan or arrangement, and (iii) any other offer or acquisition approved in advance by the affirmative vote of two-thirds of the members of the Board of Directors then in office.

3. Remedies . Any acquisition attempted to be made in violation of this Article XII shall be null and void. In the event that any securities of the Corporation are acquired in violation of this Article XII, all such securities beneficially owned by any Person in excess of 20% shall be considered “Excess Shares” and shall not be counted as shares of stock entitled to vote and shall not be voted by any Person or counted as voting shares of stock in connection with any matters submitted to stockholders for a vote. The Board of Directors may cause such Excess Shares to be transferred to an independent trustee for sale on the open market or otherwise, with the expenses of such trustee to be paid out of the proceeds of the sale. The Corporation shall be deemed to be the agent for such Person for the limited purpose of consummating a sale of such Excess Shares.

4. Rights Plans . Without (i) the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the outstanding shares of Common Stock or (ii) the consent of a majority of the Board of Directors, the Corporation shall not authorize or establish any Rights Plan. For purposes of this Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, a “Rights Plan” shall mean any plan or arrangement of the sort commonly referred to as a “stockholder rights plan” or “shareholder rights plan” including, without limitation, any issuance of securities or other distribution to stockholders of the Corporation, whether or not pursuant to any plan that includes conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants, options or any other rights of any kind, any of which would entitle the holders thereof to acquire, or provides for the holders thereof to receive, any securities of the Corporation either (i) at an exercise, option, conversion or exchange price that is less than the Fair Market Value (as defined below) of the underlying securities on the date of grant or (ii) at an exercise, option, conversion or exchange price that is determined by reference to the Fair Market Value of the underlying securities at the time of exercise and which either explicitly or implicitly by its terms would entitle the holders thereof to acquire, or provide for the holder thereof to receive, the underlying securities at a price other than the Fair Market Value of such securities on the date of grant. For purposes of this paragraph, “Fair Market Value” means (1) as to any class of securities traded on a national securities exchange or quoted on the recognized over-the-counter market, or any class of securities convertible by its terms into such securities, the last closing price on such exchange or last sale price so reported, in each case as to such traded or reported class of securities on the date nearest preceding the date of determination of the Fair Market Value and (ii) as to all other securities, the fair market value determined by the board of directors of the Corporation in the exercise of its good faith and reasonable best judgment.

 

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5. Business Combinations . The Corporation hereby elects to opt in to the provisions of Section 203 of the DGCL.

ARTICLE XIII

PERPETUAL EXISTENCE

The Corporation is to have perpetual existence.

ARTICLE XIV

AMENDMENT

The Corporation reserves the right to amend, alter, change or repeal any provision contained in this Certificate of Incorporation, in the manner now or hereafter prescribed by statute, and all rights conferred in this Certificate of Incorporation on the stockholders of the Corporation are granted subject to this reservation. This Certificate of Incorporation may be amended only by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than a majority of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, except for the provisions in Section 2 of Article IV, and Articles VI, VII, VIII, IX, XII and this Article XIV, which may be amended only by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto signed my name this      day of              , 2007.

 

   

 

   
    Marcos Galperín    
  President and Chief Executive Officer  

 

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EXHIBIT 3.02

MERCADOLIBRE, INC.

a Delaware corporation

BYLAWS

As adopted on                   , 2007


MERCADOLIBRE, INC.

BYLAWS

ARTICLE I

STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1.1 Place of Meetings. All meetings of the stockholders for the election of directors or for any other purpose will be held at such place, within or outside the State of Delaware, as may be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors (the “ Board ”) of MercadoLibre, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”) or, in the absence of a designation by the Board, by the Chairman of the Board, the President or the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, and stated in the notice of meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may, in its sole discretion, determine that meetings of the stockholders will not be held at any place, but may instead be held by means of remote communications, subject to those guidelines and procedures as the Board may adopt from time to time. The Board or the Chairman of the Board may postpone any previously scheduled annual or special meeting of the stockholders.

Section 1.2 Annual Meeting. An annual meeting of the stockholders will be held on such date and at such time in each fiscal year of the Corporation as shall be designated from time to time by the Board. At the annual meeting, the stockholders will elect directors of the Corporation and transact any other business as may properly be brought before the meeting in accordance with these Bylaws.

Section 1.3 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the stockholders may be called by (a) a majority of the Board, (b) the Chairman of the Board, (c) the President of the Corporation, or (d) the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation. Any notice for a special meeting of the stockholders delivered by stockholders pursuant to the preceding sentence shall include the information required pursuant to Section 1.10(b). Special meetings of holders of any outstanding Preferred Stock of the Corporation (the “ Preferred Stock ”) may be called in the manner and for the purposes provided in the applicable Certificate of Designation (as defined in the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation, as amended from time to time (the “ Certificate of Incorporation ”).

Section 1.4 Notice of Annual or Special Meetings. Written notice of every meeting of the stockholders, stating the place, if any, date, and time of the meeting, the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such meeting, and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, will be given not less than 10 nor more than 60 calendar days before the date of the meeting to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at such meeting, except as otherwise provided herein or by the Delaware General Corporation Law (the “ DGCL ”). Written notice of every meeting of stockholders shall be given by personal delivery or by mail or by electronic communication to the extent permitted by the DGCL. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed given when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at such stockholder’s address as it appears on the records of the Corporation. If electronically transmitted, such notice shall be deemed given when directed to an electronic mail address at which the stockholder has consented to receive notice. Confirmation of receipt will not be required.


Section 1.5 Quorum. Except as otherwise provided by the DGCL, by the Certificate of Incorporation, or in a Certificate of Designation, the holders of a majority of the shares issued and outstanding and entitled to vote at such meeting, present in person or by means of remote communication or represented by proxy, will constitute a quorum at any meeting of the stockholders for the transaction of business at a meeting of the stockholders. If, however, a quorum is not present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the stockholders entitled to vote at that meeting of stockholders, present in person or by means of remote communication or represented by proxy, will have the power to adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented. The stockholders present at a meeting duly called or held at which a quorum was present may continue to do business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of stockholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other than adjournment) is approved by at least a majority of the shares required to constitute a quorum.

Section 1.6 Inspectors. The Board may appoint one or more inspectors of election, which inspector or inspectors may include individuals who serve the Corporation in other capacities, including, without limitation, as officers, employees, agents or representatives of the Corporation, to act as judges of the voting and to make a written report thereof and to determine those entitled to vote at any meeting of the stockholders, or at any adjournment thereof, in advance of the meeting and in accordance with the DGCL. The Board may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the chairperson of the meeting may appoint one or more substitute inspectors.

Section 1.7 Voting; Proxies.

(a) Except as otherwise provided by the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or in any Certificate of Designation, each stockholder will be entitled at every meeting of the stockholders to one vote for each share of stock having voting power standing in the name of such stockholder on the books of the Corporation on the record date for the meeting and such votes may be cast either in person, by proxy or by means of remote communication, subject to those guidelines and procedures as the Board may adopt from time to time. Every proxy must be in a form permitted under the DGCL, including in writing or pursuant to the transmission of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, and filed with the Secretary of the Corporation. A stockholder may revoke any proxy that is not irrevocable by attending the meeting and voting in person or by filing an instrument in writing or pursuant to the transmission of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission revoking the proxy or another duly executed proxy bearing a later date with the Secretary of the Corporation. The vote upon any question brought before a meeting of the stockholders may be by voice vote, unless otherwise required by the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or any Certificate of Designation, or the holders of a majority of the outstanding shares of all classes of stock entitled to vote thereon present in person or by means of remote communication or

 

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represented by proxy at such meeting shall so determine otherwise. Every vote taken by written ballot shall be counted by one or more inspectors of election. When a quorum is present at any meeting, in all matters other than the election of directors, the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock that has voting power present in person or by means of remote communication or represented by proxy shall decide any question properly brought before such meeting, unless the question is one upon which a different vote is required pursuant to the provisions of the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation, a Certificate of Designation or these Bylaws, in which case such provision shall govern and control the decision of such question.

(b) Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or in any Certificate of Designation, directors will be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares present in person or by means of remote communication or represented by proxy at the meeting and entitled to vote on the election of directors.

(c) Whenever pursuant to the DGCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or any Certificate of Designation, shares of the Corporation’s capital stock are not eligible to vote on any matter or are disqualified from voting thereon, they will not be considered outstanding for purposes of the determination of a quorum, or the required vote to approve action upon any matter.

Section 1.8 List of Stockholders. It shall be the duty of the Secretary or other officer of the Corporation who has charge of the stock ledger to prepare and make, at least 10 days before the meeting of the stockholders (or such other period as may be required by the DGCL), a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote thereat, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in such stockholder’s name. Such list shall be produced and kept available at the times and places required by the DGCL.

Section 1.9 Order of Business.

(a) The Chairman of the Board, or such officer of the Corporation designated by a majority of the Board, will call meetings of the stockholders to order and will act as the chairperson thereof. Except as otherwise provided by the DGCL or the Certificate of Incorporation or unless otherwise determined by the Board prior to the meeting, the chairperson of the meeting of the stockholders will also determine the order of business and have the authority in his or her sole discretion to regulate the conduct of the meeting, including without limitation, by imposing restrictions on the persons (other than stockholders of the Corporation or their duly appointed proxies) who may attend any such stockholders’ meeting, by ascertaining whether any stockholder or the stockholder’s proxy may be excluded from any meeting of the stockholders based upon any determination by the chairperson, in his or her sole discretion, that any such person has unduly disrupted or is likely to disrupt the proceedings at the meeting of the stockholders and by determining the circumstances in which any person may make a statement or ask questions at any meeting of the stockholders.

(b) At an annual meeting of the stockholders, only such business will be conducted or considered as is properly brought before the meeting. To be properly brought before an annual meeting, business must be (i) specified in the notice of meeting (or any

 

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supplement thereto) given by or at the direction of the Chairman of the Board or the Board in accordance with these Bylaws, (ii) otherwise properly brought before the meeting by the chairperson or by or at the direction of a majority of the Board, or (iii) otherwise properly requested to be brought before the meeting by a stockholder of the Corporation in accordance with Section 1.10 of these Bylaws.

(c) At a special meeting of stockholders, only such business may be conducted or considered as is set forth in the notice of the meeting given pursuant to Section 1.4.

(d) The determination of whether any business sought to be brought before any annual or special meeting of the stockholders is properly brought before such meeting in accordance with these Bylaws will be made by the chairperson of such meeting. If the chairperson determines that any business is not properly brought before such meeting, he or she will so declare to the stockholders present at the meeting and any such business will not be conducted or considered.

Section 1.10 Stockholder Notices For New Business.

(a) For business to be properly requested by a stockholder to be brought before an annual meeting, the stockholder must (i) be entitled to vote at such meeting, and (ii) have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 60 nor more than 90 calendar days prior to the anniversary of the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials for the prior year’s annual meeting of stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that (i) there was no annual meeting held during the prior year or (ii) the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within 30 calendar days before or after the anniversary of the prior year’s annual meeting, in order to be timely notice by the stockholder must be so received not later than the close of business on the later of (a) the 90th calendar day prior to such annual meeting or (b) the tenth calendar day following the day on which public announcement was first made of the date of the annual meeting. In no event will the public announcement of an adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above. For purposes of the foregoing, the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials to stockholders will be the date so described in such proxy materials. For purposes of this Section 1.10 and Section 2.6(b), “public announcement” means disclosure in a press release reported by a national news service or otherwise published by the Corporation in a document publicly filed by the Corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “ Exchange Act ”), or furnished to stockholders.

(b) A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary must set forth as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (or special meeting pursuant to Section 1.3), (i) a description in reasonable detail of the business desired to be brought before the meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting; (ii) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of the stockholder of record proposing such business and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; (iii) the class and/or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that are owned beneficially and of record by the stockholder proposing such business and by the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made;

 

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(iv) any material interest of such stockholder proposing such business and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made in such business; (v) a description of all arrangements or understandings among such stockholder, the beneficial owner on whose behalf the notice is given and any other person or persons (including their names) in connection with the proposal of such business of such stockholder and any material interest of such stockholder in such business; and (vi) a representation that such stockholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to bring such business before the meeting. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.10(b), a stockholder must also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act, and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1.10(b). Nothing in this Section 1.10(b) will be deemed to affect any rights of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Corporation’s proxy statement pursuant to Rule 14a-8 under the Exchange Act.

Section 1.11 Adjourned Meetings and Notice of Same. Any meeting of stockholders, whether or not a quorum is present, may be adjourned from time to time by the vote of a majority of the shares, the holders of which are either present in person or represented by proxy, but in the absence of a quorum (except as provided in Section 1.5) no other business may be transacted at the meeting. When a meeting is adjourned to another place, date or time, written notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the place, date, and time thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken; provided, however, that if the adjournment is for more than 60 calendar days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, written notice of the place, date, and time thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting must be given in conformity herewith. At any adjourned meeting, any business may be transacted which properly could have been transacted at the original meeting.

Section 1.12 Participation in Meetings by Remote Communications. If authorized by the Board, and subject to such guidelines and procedures as the Board may from time to time adopt, stockholders and proxy holders not physically present at a meeting of stockholders may participate in such meeting by means of remote communications, so long as all stockholders or proxy holders participating in the meeting can read or hear the proceedings of the meeting substantially concurrently with such proceedings.

Section 1.13 Action Without Meeting. Stockholders may not take action without a meeting.

ARTICLE II

DIRECTORS

Section 2.1 Powers. The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of its Board which may exercise all such powers of the Corporation and do all such lawful acts and things as are not prohibited by the DGCL or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws or required by the DGCL or by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these Bylaws to be exercised or done by the stockholders.

 

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Section 2.2 Number; Election and Term of Office. Subject to the rights, if any, of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under circumstances specified in a Certificate of Designation, the authorized number of directors shall be fixed by resolution of the Board, and the stockholders may not increase or decrease the authorized number of directors. Except as provided in Section 2.5, the directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of the stockholders for such terms specified in the Certificate of Incorporation, except as otherwise required by the DGCL. Any reduction by the Board of the authorized number of directors may not remove any director prior to the expiration of that director’s term of office, unless, at the time of such decrease, there shall be vacancies on the Board that are being eliminated by such reduction.

Section 2.3 Committees.

(a) The Board may appoint from among its members an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee. The Board may establish such other committees as the Board may deem appropriate. Each committee may consist of one or more directors of the Corporation and each shall have such powers and duties as the Board may confer pursuant to the DGCL and each committee’s respective charter. Each committee of the Board will serve at the pleasure of the Board or as may be specified in any resolution from time to time adopted by the Board. The Board may designate one or more directors as alternate members of any committee, who may replace any absent or disqualified member of the committee.

(b) Unless otherwise prescribed in any resolution from time to time adopted by the Board, a majority of the members of any committee of the Board is a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of the members present at a meeting at which there is a quorum will be the act of that committee. Each committee of the Board may prescribe its own rules for calling and holding meetings and its method of procedure, subject to any rules prescribed by the Board, and will keep a written record of all actions taken by such committee.

Section 2.4 Removal and Resignation. Subject to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation, any director may be removed, only for cause, by the Board at any time. Any director may resign by giving notice in writing or by electronic transmission to the Corporation. Unless the notice specifies a later time, the resignation will be effective when notice is given. If the resignation is effective at a future time, a successor may be elected to take office when the resignation becomes effective.

Section 2.5 Vacancies and New Directorships. Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under circumstances specified in a Certificate of Designation and except as provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, a vacancy or vacancies in the Board exist in case of the death, resignation or removal of any director, or if the authorized number of directors is increased or if the stockholders fail, at any annual or special meeting of stockholders at which any directors are elected, to elect the full authorized number of directors to be elected at that meeting. Vacancies in the Board shall be

 

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filled by a majority of the remaining directors then in office, even though less than a quorum of the Board, or by a sole remaining director. Any director so elected shall hold office until the next annual meeting and until such director’s successor has been elected and qualified. Stockholders may not fill vacancies in the Board.

Section 2.6 Nominations of Directors; Election. Subject to the rights, if any, of the holders of any series of Preferred Stock to elect additional directors under circumstances specified in a Certificate of Designation, only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures will be eligible for election at a meeting of stockholders as directors of the Corporation.

(a) Nominations of persons for election as directors of the Corporation may be made only at an annual meeting of stockholders (i) by or at the direction of the Board, (ii) by any stockholder of record who is entitled to vote for the election of directors at such meeting and who complies with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.6 or (iii) pursuant to the notice of the annual meeting. Nominations of persons for election as directors of the Corporation may be made at a special meeting of stockholders (i) by or at the direction of the Board, (ii) provided that the Board has determined that directors will be elected at the meeting, by any stockholder of record who is entitled to vote for the election of directors at such meeting and who complies with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.6 or (iii) pursuant to the notice of the special meeting. All nominations by stockholders must be made pursuant to timely written notice to the Secretary.

(b)    (i) In the event of an annual meeting of stockholders, to be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be in writing and delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 60 nor more than 90 calendar days prior to the anniversary date of the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials for the prior year’s annual meeting of stockholders. However, if an annual meeting was not held during the prior year or if the annual meeting is called for a date that is not within 30 calendar days before or after the anniversary of the prior year’s annual meeting, notice by the stockholder in order to be timely must be so received no later than the close of business on the later of (a) 90 calendar days prior to the annual meeting or (b) the tenth calendar day following the first public announcement of the date of the annual meeting. In no event will the public announcement of an adjournment of an annual meeting commence a new time period for the giving of a stockholder’s notice as described above. For purposes of the foregoing, the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials to stockholders will be the date so described in such proxy materials. (ii) In the event of a special meeting of stockholders, to be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be in writing and delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than 60 nor more than 90 calendar days prior to the date on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting; provided, however, that if the public announcement of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the Board to be elected at such meeting is first made less than 60 calendar days prior to the date of the special meeting, a stockholder notice must be received no later than the close of business on the tenth calendar day following the first public announcement of the date of the special meeting.

(c) To be in proper written form, such stockholder’s notice must set forth or include: (i) the name and address, as they appear on the Corporation’s books, of the stockholder giving the notice and of the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the

 

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nomination is made; (ii) a representation that the stockholder giving the notice is a holder of record of stock of the Corporation entitled to vote at such annual meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the annual meeting to nominate the person or persons specified in the notice; (iii) the class and/or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation owned beneficially and of record by the stockholder giving the notice and by the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination is made; (iv) a description of all arrangements or understandings between or among any of (A) the stockholder giving the notice, (B) the beneficial owner on whose behalf the notice is given, (C) each nominee, and (D) any other person or persons (naming such person or persons) pursuant to which the nomination or nominations are to be made by the stockholder giving the notice; (v) such other information regarding each nominee proposed by the stockholder giving the notice as would be required to be included in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the Commission under the Exchange Act had the nominee been nominated, or intended to be nominated, by the Board; and (vi) the signed consent of each nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation if so elected. At the request of the Board, any person nominated by the Board for election as a director must furnish to the Secretary that information required to be set forth in a stockholder’s notice of nomination that pertains to the nominee. The chairperson of the meeting will, if the facts warrant, determine that a nomination was not made in accordance with the procedures prescribed by these Bylaws, and if he or she should so determine, he or she will so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination will be disregarded. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 2.6(c), a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in these Bylaws.

(d) Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, in the event that the number of directors to be elected to the Board is increased and there is no public announcement by the Corporation naming all of the nominees for director or specifying the size of the increased Board at least 60 calendar days prior to the anniversary of the date on which the Corporation first mailed its proxy materials for the preceding year’s annual meeting of stockholders, a stockholder’s notice required by these Bylaws will also be considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for any new positions created by such increase, if it is delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the day on which such public announcement was first made by the Corporation.

Section 2.7 Regular Meetings. Regular meetings of the Board may be held immediately after the annual meeting of the stockholders and at such other time and place either within or outside the State of Delaware as may from time to time be determined by the Board. Notice of regular meetings of the Board need not be given.

Section 2.8 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board may be called by the Chairman of the Board, the President of the Corporation, the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation or by a majority of the Board and notice will be deemed given to each director by whom such notice is not waived, if it is given 24 hours before the start of the meeting (i) in person, (ii) by facsimile telecommunication, when directed to a number at which the director has consented to receive notice, (iii) by electronic mail, when directed to an electronic mail address at which the director has consented to receive notice, or (iv) by other similar medium of

 

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communication, or if it is given 72 hours before the start of the meeting by mail, when deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, and when directed to an address to which the director has consented to receive notice. Special meetings of the Board may be held at such time and place either within or outside the State of Delaware as is determined by the Board or specified in the notice of any such meeting.

Section 2.9 Quorum. At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the Board will constitute a quorum. Every act or decision done or made by a majority of the directors present at a meeting duly held at which a quorum is present will be regarded as the act of the Board, unless a greater number is required by the DGCL or by the Certificate of Incorporation. If a quorum is not present at any meeting of the Board, the directors present at the meeting may adjourn the meeting from time to time to another place, time or date, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum is present. A meeting at which a quorum was present may continue notwithstanding the withdrawal of directors, if any action taken is approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for the meeting.

Section 2.10 Participation in Meetings by Remote Communications. Members of the Board may participate in a meeting through use of conference telephone or similar communications equipment, so long as all members participating in the meeting can hear one another, and such participation in a meeting will constitute presence in person at the meeting.

Section 2.11 Adjournment. A majority of the directors present, whether or not a quorum is present, may adjourn any directors’ meeting to another time and place. If a meeting is adjourned for more than 24 hours, notice of any adjournment to another time or place will be given prior to the time of the adjourned meeting to the directors that were not present at the time of adjournment.

Section 2.12 Action Without Meeting. Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board or of any committee of the Board may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent to the action in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmissions are filed with the minutes or proceedings of the Board or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.

Section 2.13 Compensation. The Board may establish such compensation for, and reimbursement of the expenses of, members of the Board and committees of the Board, as the Board may determine.

ARTICLE III

OFFICERS

Section 3.1 Officers. The officers of the Corporation shall be a President, a Chief Executive Officer, a Chief Financial Officer, a Secretary and a Treasurer. At the discretion of the Board, the Corporation may also have a General Counsel, one or more Vice Presidents and other officers as may be determined by the Board and as otherwise appointed in accordance with Section 3.3. Each officer shall have the authority and will perform those duties as are customarily incident to the office in which the officer serves, or as

 

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otherwise set forth in a resolution adopted by the Board. Any number of offices may be held by the same person. In the case of the absence or disability of any officer of the Corporation or for any other reason deemed sufficient by a majority of the Board, the Board may delegate the absent or disabled officer’s powers or duties to any other officer or to any director of the Corporation.

Section 3.2 Election. The officers of the Corporation, except those officers as may be appointed by the President or the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation pursuant to Section 3.3, shall be elected by the Board. Each officer shall serve at the pleasure of the Board, and will hold office until his or her successor is elected and qualified or until his or her earlier resignation, retirement, removal or death.

Section 3.3 Subordinate Officers. The Board may appoint, and may empower the President and/or the Chief Executive Officer to appoint, such Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers and other officers and agents as the Board, the President or the Chief Executive Officer shall deem necessary or proper in the conduct of the affairs of the Corporation with such designations, titles, seniority, duties and responsibilities as the Board, the President or the Chief Executive Officer shall deem advisable. All officers appointed by the Board, the President or the Chief Executive Officer shall perform their duties under the direction of the President and the Chief Executive Officer and shall receive compensation as from time to time fixed by the President and the Chief Executive Officer and shall hold their offices at the pleasure of any of the President, the Chief Executive Officer or the Board. The President and the Chief Executive Officer shall report appointments of officers pursuant to this Section 3.3 to the Board.

Section 3.4 Authority and Duties. Each of the officers of the Corporation will have such authority and will perform such duties as are customarily incident to their respective offices or as may be specified from time to time by the Board, the President or the Chief Executive Officer.

Section 3.5 Compensation. The compensation of all elected officers of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board or by a committee of the Board. The Board may fix, or delegate the power to fix, the compensation of other officers and agents of the Corporation to an officer of the Corporation.

Section 3.6 Removal and Resignation. Any officer may be removed, either with or without cause, by the Board at any time. Any officer may resign at any time upon written notice to the Corporation without prejudice to the rights, if any, of the Corporation under any contract to which the officer is a party.

Section 3.7 Vacancies. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation or removal shall be filled as provided in these Bylaws.

ARTICLE IV

STOCK

Section 4.1 Certificates. The shares of the Corporation shall be represented by certificates or shall be uncertificated. Certificates representing shares of stock of the Corporation will be in such form as is determined by the Board or a committee thereof, subject to applicable legal requirements. Each certificate will be numbered and its issuance recorded in the books of the Corporation and each

 

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certificate will exhibit the holder’s name and the number of shares and will be signed by, or in the name of, the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Chief Executive Officer, or a Vice President and by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, and may also be signed by, or bear the facsimile signature of, any properly designated transfer agent of the Corporation. Any or all of the signatures and the seal of the Corporation, if any, upon the certificates may be facsimiles, engraved or printed. The certificates may be issued and delivered notwithstanding that the person whose facsimile signature appears thereon may have ceased to be an officer at the time certificates are issued and delivered.

Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated stock, the corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required to be set forth or stated on certificates pursuant to Sections 151, 156, 202(a) or 218(a) of the General Corporation Law of Delaware or a statement that the corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights.

Section 4.2 Classes of Stock. The designations, preferences and relative participating, optional or other special rights of the various classes of stock or series thereof, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions thereof, will be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificates which the Corporation issues to represent its stock or, in lieu thereof, such certificates will set forth the office of the Corporation from which the holders of certificates may obtain a copy of such information.

Section 4.3 Transfers. Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by applicable law, and as provided in the Certificate of Incorporation and in these Bylaws. Upon surrender to the Corporation or the transfer agent of the Corporation of a certificate for shares transferable hereunder, duly endorsed or accompanied by proper evidence of succession, assignment or authority to transfer, it will be the duty of the Corporation to issue, or cause its transfer agent to issue, a new certificate to the person entitled thereto, cancel the prior certificate and record the transaction upon its books. Every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the Corporation shall be marked “cancelled,” with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Corporation or the transfer agent thereof. Upon receipt of proper transfer instructions from the registered owner of uncertificated shares, such uncertificated shares shall be cancelled and issuance of new equivalent uncertificated shares or certificated shares shall be made to the person entitled thereto and the transaction shall be recorded upon the books of the corporation. No transfer of stock shall be valid as against the Corporation for any purpose until it shall have been entered in the stock records of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred.

Section 4.4 Lost, Stolen or Destroyed Certificates. The Secretary may direct a new certificate or certificates or uncertificated shares to be issued in place of any certificate or certificates previously issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed upon the making of an affidavit of that fact, satisfactory to the Secretary, by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. As a condition precedent to the issuance of a new certificate or certificates or uncertificated shares, the

 

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Secretary may require the record holder of shares represented by such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate or certificates to provide the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Secretary may direct as indemnity against any claims that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed or the issuance of the new certificate.

Section 4.5 Record Dates.

(a) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board may fix a record date, which in the case of an annual meeting or a special meeting of the stockholders called by the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Chief Executive Officer or the majority of the Board will not be more than 60 nor less than 10 calendar days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be the close of business on the calendar day next preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the calendar day next preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the stockholders will apply to any adjournment of the meeting; provided, however, that the Board may fix a new record date for any adjourned meeting.

(b) In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights or the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a record date, which record date will not be more than 60 calendar days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose will be at the close of business on the calendar day on which the Board adopts the resolution relating thereto.

(c) The Corporation will be entitled to treat the person in whose name any certificate representing shares or uncertificated shares of stock of the Corporation is registered as the owner thereof for all purposes, and will not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to, or interest in, such share on the part of any other person, whether or not the Corporation has notice thereof, except as expressly provided by applicable law.

ARTICLE V

NOTICES

Section 5.1 General. Whenever by law or pursuant to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, notice is required to be given to any director or stockholder, it will not be construed to require personal notice, but such notice may be given in writing, by mail, addressed to such director or stockholder, at his, her or its address as it appears on the records of the Corporation, with postage thereon prepaid, and such notice will be deemed to be given at the time when the same is deposited in the United States mail. Notice to directors may also be given by overnight courier, telephone, form of electronic transmission or as may otherwise be permitted by these Bylaws. Notice to a stockholder may also be given by a form of electronic transmission consented to by the stockholder. Notice by overnight courier will be deemed to be given one business day after being dispatched; notice by telephone will

 

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be deemed to be given when given personally; notice by facsimile telecommunication will be deemed to be given when directed to a number at which the director or stockholder has consented to receive notice; notice by electronic mail will be deemed to be given when directed to an electronic mail address at which the director or stockholder has consented to receive notice; notice by posting on an electronic network, together with separate notice to the director or stockholder of such specific posting, will be deemed to be given upon the later of (a) such posting, and (b) the giving of such separate notice; and notice by any other form of electronic transmission will be deemed to be given when directed to the director or stockholder by the means and at the location at which the director or stockholder has consented to receive notice.

Section 5.2 Waiver. Whenever any notice is required to be given by the DGCL or pursuant to the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a waiver thereof in writing, signed by the person or persons entitled to such notice or such person’s duly authorized representative, whether before or after the time of the event for which notice is to be given, will be deemed equivalent to such notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting will constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened.

ARTICLE VI

INDEMNIFICATION

Section 6.1 Indemnification. The Corporation shall indemnify its directors and officers to the fullest extent permitted by the DGCL and may, if and to the extent authorized by the Board, so indemnify any other person whom it has the power to indemnify against any liability, expense or other matter whatsoever.

Section 6.2 Additional Indemnification Rights. The rights of indemnification provided for in this Article VI shall be in addition to any rights to which any such director, officer or other person may be entitled under any agreement, vote of stockholders, the Certificate of Incorporation, or as a matter of law or otherwise.

Section 6.3 Insurance. The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of any of its affiliates or another corporation, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, or arising out of his or her status as such, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify him or her against such liability under the provisions of the DGCL.

ARTICLE VII

OTHER PROVISIONS

Section 7.1 Inspection of Bylaws. Upon the written request of any stockholder, the Corporation shall furnish to such stockholder a copy of these Bylaws as amended to date.

 

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Section 7.2 Books and Records. The Corporation shall keep correct and complete books and records of account, shall keep minutes of the proceedings of its stockholders, the Board, and any committee of the Board, and shall keep at its registered office or principal place of business or at the office of its transfer agent or registrar, a record of its stockholders, giving the names and addresses of all stockholders and the number and class of the shares held by each.

Section 7.3 Fiscal Year. The fiscal year of the Corporation will be fixed from time to time by the Board.

Section 7.4 Seal. The Board may adopt a corporate seal and use the same by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or reproduced or otherwise.

Section 7.5 Time Periods. In applying any provision of these Bylaws that requires that an act be done or not be done a specified number of days prior to an event or that an act be done during a period of a specified number of days prior to an event, calendar days will be used unless otherwise specified, the day of the doing of the act will be excluded and the day of the event will be included.

Section 7.6 Securities of Other Corporations. The President, the Chief Executive Officer or any Vice President of the Corporation shall have the power and authority to transfer, endorse for transfer, vote, and take any other action with respect to any securities of another issuer which may be held or owned by the Corporation and to make, execute, and deliver any waiver, proxy or consent with respect to any such securities.

Section 7.7 Headings. The headings used in these Bylaws have been inserted for administrative convenience only and do not constitute matter to be construed in interpretation.

Section 7.8 References. Whenever in these Bylaws the singular number is used, the same shall include the plural where appropriate, and words of any gender should include each other gender where appropriate.

Section 7.9 Conflict with Certificate of Incorporation. Whenever any provision of these Bylaws conflicts with a provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, the provision in the Certificate of Incorporation shall prevail.

ARTICLE VIII

AMENDMENTS

Except as otherwise provided by the DGCL or the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws may be amended in any respect at any time, either (a) at any meeting of stockholders, provided that any amendment or supplement proposed to be acted upon at any such meeting has been described or referred to in the notice of such meeting, and further provided that the provisions in Articles I, II, III, VII, and this Article VIII may be amended only by the affirmative vote of the holders of not less than two-thirds of all of the votes entitled to be cast on the matter, or (b) at any meeting of the Board, provided that no amendment adopted by the Board may vary or conflict with any amendment properly adopted by the stockholders.

 

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Exhibit 4.02

 


SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED

REGISTRATION RIGHTS AGREEMENT

AMONG

MERCADOLIBRE, INC.

AND

THE INVESTORS NAMED HEREIN

September 24, 2001

 



  S ECOND A MENDED AND R ESTATED R EGISTRATION R IGHTS A GREEMENT , dated as of September 24, 2001 (the “Agreement”), among M ERCADO L IBRE , I NC ., a Delaware corporation (together with any successors, the “ Corporation ”), and the Investors (as defined below).

The Investors own or have the right to purchase or otherwise acquire shares of Common Stock (as defined) of the Corporation. The Corporation and the Investors deem it to be in their respective best interests to set forth the rights of the Investors in connection with public offerings and sales of shares of Common Stock and are entering into this Agreement as a condition to and in connection with the Securities Purchase Agreement (as defined).

N OW , T HEREFORE , in consideration of the premises and mutual covenants and obligations hereinafter set forth, the Corporation and the Investors hereby agree as follows:

Section 1. D EFINITIONS .

As used in this Agreement, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

(a) “ Class A Common Stock ” shall mean the Class A Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(b) “ Class B-1 Common Stock ” shall mean the Class B-1 Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(c) “ Class B-2 Common Stock ” shall mean the Class B-2 Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(d) “ Class C Common Stock ” shall mean the Class C Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(e) “ Class D-1 Common Stock ” shall mean the Class D-1 Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(f) “ Class D-2 Common Stock ” shall mean the Class D-2 Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(g) “ Class E-1 Common Stock ” shall mean the Class E-1 Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(h) “ Class E-2 Common Stock ” shall mean the Class E-2 Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(i) “ Commission ” shall mean the Securities and Exchange Commission or any other Federal agency at the time administering the Securities Act.

 

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(j) “ Common Stock ” shall mean any shares of (i) Class A Common Stock; (ii) Class B-1 Common Stock; (iii) Class B-2 Common Stock; (iv) Class C Common Stock; (v) Class D-1 Common Stock; (vi) Class D-2 Common Stock; (vii) Class E-1 Common Stock; (viii) Class E-2 Common Stock and (ix) any class of common stock of the Corporation issued after the date hereof.

(k) “ Exchange Act ” shall mean the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or any successor Federal statute, and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect from time to time.

(l) “ Information ” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 6(i) .

(m) “ Initial Public Offering ” means the first underwritten public offering of Common Stock for sale to the public for the account of the Corporation and offered on a “firm commitment” or “best efforts” basis pursuant to an offering registered with the Commission under the Securities Act.

(n) “ Inspectors ” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 6(i) .

(o) “ Investor ” shall mean each party listed on Annex I hereto ( i.e., any Original Investor, any Series C Investor, any Series D Investor and any Series E Investor) or any successor to, or assignee or transferee of, any such Person who or which executes and delivers to the Corporation an Investor Joinder.

(p) “ Investor Joinder ” means a joinder agreement, substantially in the form of Exhibit A hereto, by which a Person may become an Investor after the date hereof.

(q) “ Investors’ Counsel ” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 6(b) .

(r) “ Majority Investors ” has the meaning ascribed thereto in Section 2(e) .

(s) “ Material Transaction ” means any material transaction in which the Corporation or any of its Subsidiaries proposes to engage or is engaged, including a purchase or sale of assets or securities, financing, merger, consolidation, tender offer or any other transaction that would require disclosure pursuant to the Exchange Act, and with respect to which the board of directors of the Corporation reasonably has determined in good faith that compliance with this Agreement may reasonably be expected to either materially interfere with the Corporation’s or such Subsidiary’s ability to consummate such transaction in a timely fashion or require the Corporation to disclose material, non-public information prior to such time as it would otherwise be required to be disclosed.

(t) “ Original Investor ” shall mean each party listed on Section (a) of Annex I hereto which purchased shares of the Company’s Series A Preferred Stock, Series B-1 Preferred Stock or Series B-2 Preferred Stock or any successor to, or assignee or transferee of, any such Person who or which executes and delivers to the Corporation an Investor Joinder.

 

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(u) “ Original Securities Purchase Agreement ” shall mean the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated November 3, 1999, among the Corporation, the Original Investors and the other parties thereto.

(v) “ Other Shares ” shall mean at any time those shares of Common Stock which do not constitute Primary Shares or Registrable Shares.

(w) “ Person ” shall be construed as broadly as possible and shall include, without limitation, an individual, a partnership, an investment fund, a limited liability company, a corporation, an association, a joint shares company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization and a governmental entity or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof.

(x) “ Preferred Stock ” shall mean any shares of: (i) Series A Preferred Stock; (ii) Series B-1 Preferred Stock; (iii) Series B-2 Preferred Stock; (iv) Series C Preferred Stock; (v) Series D-1 Preferred Stock; (vi) Series D-2 Preferred Stock; (vii) Series E-1 Preferred Stock; (viii) Series E-2 Preferred Stock and (ix) any series of preferred stock of the Corporation issued after the date hereof.

(y) “ Primary Shares ” shall mean at any time the authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock or shares of Common Stock held by the Corporation in its treasury.

(z) “ Registrable Shares ” shall mean any Restricted Shares.

(aa) “ Restricted Shares ” means, at any time, with respect to any Investor, shares of Common Stock, and includes: (i) Common Stock which may be issued as a dividend or distribution; (ii) any other securities which by their terms are exercisable or exchangeable for or convertible into Common Stock (including the Preferred Stock); and (iii) any securities received in respect of the foregoing, in each case in clauses (i)  through (iii)  which at any time are held by such Investor. As to any particular shares of Restricted Stock, such shares shall cease to be shares of Restricted Stock when: (A) they have been registered under the Securities Act, the registration statement in connection therewith has been declared effective and they have been disposed of pursuant to and in the manner described in such effective registration statement; (B) they are sold or distributed pursuant to Rule 144 or may be sold or distributed by the holder thereof pursuant to Rule 144(k); (C) they have been otherwise transferred and new certificates or other evidences of ownership for them not bearing a restrictive legend and not subject to any stop transfer order or other restriction on transfer have been delivered by the Corporation or the issuer of other securities issued in exchange for the shares of Restricted Stock; or (D) they have ceased to be outstanding.

(bb) “ Registration Date ” shall mean the date upon which the registration statement pursuant to which the Corporation shall have initially registered shares of Common Stock under the Securities Act for sale to the public shall have been declared effective.

(cc) “ Rule 144 ” shall mean Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act or any successor rule thereto or any complementary rule thereto (such as Rule 144A).

 

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(dd) “ Securities Act ” shall mean the Securities Act of 1933 or any successor Federal statute, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, all as the same shall be in effect from time to time.

(ee) “ Series C/D Securities Purchase Agreement ” shall mean the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated May 5, 2000, among the Corporation, the Series C/D Investors and the other parties thereto.

(ff) “ Series E Purchase Agreement ” shall mean the Securities Purchase Agreement, dated of even date herewith, among the Corporation, the Series E Investor and the other parties thereto (as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time).

(gg) “ Series A Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series A Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(hh) “ Series B-1 Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series B-1 Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(ii) “ Series B-2 Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series B-2 Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(jj) “ Series C Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series C Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(kk) “ Series D Preferred Stock ” means, collectively, the Series D-1 Preferred Stock and the Series D-2 Preferred Stock.

(ll) “ Series D-1 Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series D-1 Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(mm) “ Series D-2 Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series D-2 Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(nn) “ Series E-1 Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series E-1 Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(oo) “ Series E-2 Preferred Stock ” shall mean the Series E-2 Convertible Preferred Stock, $0.01 par value per share, of the Corporation.

(pp) “ Series C/D Investor ” shall mean each party listed on Section (b) of Annex I hereto which purchased shares of the Company’s Series C Preferred Stock and/or Series D Preferred Stock, or any successor to, or assignee or transferee of, any such Person who or which executes and delivers to the Corporation an Investor Joinder.

 

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(qq) “ Series E Investor ” shall mean each party listed on Section (c) of Annex I hereto which purchased shares of the Company’s Series E-1 Preferred Stock or Series E-2 Preferred Stock, or any successor to, or assignee or transferee of, any such Person who or which executes and delivers to the Corporation an Investor Joinder.

(rr) “ Subsidiary ” means, with respect to any Person, any other Person of which the securities having a majority of the ordinary voting power in electing the board of directors (or other governing body) of such other Person, at the time as of which any determination is being made, are owned by such first Person either directly or through one or more of its Subsidiaries.

Section 2. Required Registrations .

(a) Original Investors . If the Corporation shall, at any time after the first anniversary of the closing of an Initial Public Offering be requested by the Original Investors holding at least 50% of the Restricted Shares issued and sold by the Corporation pursuant to the Original Securities Purchase Agreement and then outstanding (on a Common Stock equivalent basis) to effect a registration under the Securities Act of Registrable Shares having a gross offering price of at least $2,000,000, the Corporation shall promptly use its best efforts to effect the registration under the Securities Act of the Registrable Shares which the Corporation has been so requested to register subject to other provisions of this Section 2;

(b) Series C/D Investors and Series E Investors . If the Corporation shall, at any time after the earlier of (i) May 5, 2003, and (ii) the date which is six (6) months after the closing of an Initial Public Offering, be requested by the Series C/D Investors and the Series E Investors holding at least 50% of the Restricted Shares issued and sold by the Corporation pursuant to (i) the Series C/D Securities Purchase Agreement and (ii) the Series E Securities Purchase Agreement, collectively, and then outstanding (on a Common Stock equivalent basis) to effect a registration under the Securities Act of Registrable Shares having a gross offering price of at least $2,000,000, the Corporation shall promptly use its best efforts to effect the registration under the Securities Act of the Registrable Shares which the Corporation has been so requested to register, subject to the other provisions of this Section 2.

(c) Registration Procedures . Notwithstanding paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section 2, the Corporation shall not be obligated to effect any registration under the Securities Act except in accordance with the following provisions:

(i) The Corporation shall not be obligated to use its best efforts to file and cause to become effective (A) more than two registration statements pursuant to each of Section 2(a) and Section 2(b) , (B) more than two registration statements pursuant to Section 2(a) or Section 2(b) within six (6) months after any registration statement has been declared effective under Section 2(a) or Section 2(b) , or (C) any registration statement during any period in which any other registration statement (other than on Forms S-4, F-4 or S-8 promulgated under the Securities Act or any successor forms thereto) pursuant to which Primary Shares are to be or were sold has been filed and not withdrawn or has been declared effective within the prior 90 days.

 

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(ii) The Corporation may delay the filing or effectiveness of any registration statement (A) for a period of up to 90 days after the date of a request for registration pursuant to this Section 2 if at the time of such request (1) the Corporation is engaged, or has fixed plans to engage within 90 days after the date of such request, in a firm commitment underwritten public offering of Primary Shares in which the holders of Registrable Shares may include Registrable Shares pursuant to Section 3 or (2) a Material Transaction exists, or (B) if the timing of the effectiveness of such registration statement would require that the Corporation undergo an audit of its financial statements other than in the ordinary course of business; provided that the Corporation may only so delay the filing or effectiveness of its registration statements (if any) three times pursuant to this Section 2(c) .

(d) With respect to any registration pursuant to this Section 2 , the Corporation may include in such registration any Primary Shares or Other Shares; provided , however , that, if the managing underwriter advises the Corporation that the inclusion of all Registrable Shares, Primary Shares and Other Shares proposed to be included in such registration would interfere with the successful marketing (including pricing) of the Registrable Shares proposed to be included in such registration, then the number of Registrable Shares, Primary Shares and Other Shares proposed to be included in such registration shall be included in the following order:

(i) first , the Registrable Shares requested to be included in such registration (or, if necessary, such Registrable Shares pro rata among the holders thereof based upon the number of Registrable Shares requested to be registered by each such holder);

(ii) second , the Primary Shares; and

(iii) third , the Other Shares.

(e) If the method of disposition requested by the holders pursuant to this Section 2 is an underwritten public offering, Investors holding a majority of the Registrable Shares requested to be registered (the “ Majority Investors ”) shall have the right to designate the managing underwriter of such offering, subject to the consent of the Corporation, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld.

(f) At any time before the registration statement covering Registrable Shares becomes effective, the Majority Investors may request the Corporation to withdraw or not to file the registration statement. In that event, if such request of withdrawal shall not have been caused by, or made in response to, the material adverse effect of an event on the business, properties, condition, financial or otherwise, or operations of the Corporation, the holders shall have used one of their demand registration rights under Section 2(a) or Section 2(b) , as the case may be, and the Corporation shall no longer be obligated to register Registrable Shares pursuant to the exercise of such one registration right pursuant to Section 2 , unless the expenses incurred by the Corporation through the date of such request are reimbursed. A registration shall not count as a registration statement initiated pursuant to this Section 2 unless it becomes effective and the selling holders are able to sell at least 80% of their Registrable Shares requested to be included in such registration statement.

 

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Section 3. Piggyback Registration .

If the Corporation at any time proposes for any reason to register shares of Common Stock under the Securities Act (other than on Form S-4, F-4 or S-8 promulgated under the Securities Act or any successor forms thereto), it shall promptly give written notice to the Investors of its intention to so register such shares and, upon the written request, delivered to the Corporation within 15 days after delivery of any such notice by the Corporation, of the Investors to include in such registration Registrable Shares (which request shall specify the number of Registrable Shares proposed to be included in such registration), the Corporation shall use its best efforts to cause all such Registrable Shares to be included in such registration on the same terms and conditions as the securities otherwise being sold in such registration; provided , however , that, if the managing underwriter advises the Corporation that the inclusion of all Registrable Shares requested to be included in such registration would interfere with the successful marketing (including pricing) of the Primary Shares or Other Shares proposed to be registered by the Corporation, then the number of Primary Shares, Registrable Shares and Other Shares proposed to be included in such registration shall be included in the following order of priority:

(i) first , the Primary Shares; and

(ii) second , the Registrable Shares and the Other Shares requested to be included in such registration (or, if necessary, pro rata among the holders thereof, based upon the number of Registrable Shares and Other Shares requested to be registered by each such holder).

Except for the payment by the Corporation of the Investors’ expenses as provided in Section 7 , nothing in this Section 3 shall create any liability on the part of the Corporation to the Investors if the Corporation in its sole discretion should decide not to file a registration statement proposed to be filed pursuant to this Section 3 or to withdraw such registration statement subsequent to its filing, regardless of any action whatsoever that the Investors may have taken, whether as a result of the issuance by the Corporation of any notice hereunder or otherwise.

Section 4. Registrations on Form S-3 .

Anything contained in Section 2 to the contrary notwithstanding, at such time as the Corporation shall have qualified for the use of Form S-3 promulgated under the Securities Act or any successor form thereto, the Investors shall have the right to request in writing an unlimited number of registrations on Form S-3 (or any successor form thereto) of Registrable Shares, which request or requests shall: (i) specify the number of Registrable Shares intended to be sold or disposed of and the holders thereof; (ii) state the intended method of disposition of such Registrable Shares; and (iii) relate to Registrable Shares having an aggregate gross offering price of at least $2,000,000. A requested registration in compliance with this Section 4 shall not count as a registration statement initiated pursuant to Section 2 , but shall otherwise be treated as a registration statement initiated pursuant to, and shall, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Section 4 , be subject to Section 2 .

 

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Section 5. Holdback Agreement .

If the Corporation at any time shall register shares of Common Stock under the Securities Act (including any registration pursuant to Sections 2 , 3 or 4 ) for sale to the public in an Initial Public Offering, the Investors shall not sell publicly (not including permissible sales or transfers under Rule 144), make any short sale of, grant any option for the purchase of, or otherwise dispose publicly (not including permissible sales or transfers under Rule 144) of, any shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Corporation (other than those shares of Common Stock included in such registration pursuant to Sections 2 , 3 or 4 ) without the prior written consent of the Corporation for a period designated by the Corporation in writing to the Investors, which period shall begin not more than 10 days prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement pursuant to which such Initial Public Offering shall be made and shall not last more than 180 days after the effective date of the registration statement relating to the Initial Public Offering, provided however , that all officers and directors of the Company and all other persons with registration rights (whether or not pursuant to this Agreement) enter into similar agreements. The Corporation shall obtain the agreement of any Person permitted to sell shares in a registration to be bound by and to comply with this Section 5 as if such Person was an Investor hereunder.

Section 6. Preparation and Filing .

If, and whenever, the Corporation is under an obligation pursuant to this Agreement to use its best efforts to effect the registration of any Registrable Shares, the Corporation shall, as expeditiously as practicable:

(a) use its best efforts to cause a registration statement that registers such Registrable Shares to become and remain effective for a period of 180 days or until all of such Registrable Shares have been disposed of (if earlier);

(b) furnish, at least five business days before filing a registration statement that registers such Registrable Shares, a prospectus relating thereto or any amendments or supplements relating to such a registration statement or prospectus, to one counsel selected by the Majority Investors (the “ Investors’ Counsel ”), copies of all such documents proposed to be filed (it being understood that such five-business-day period need not apply to successive drafts of the same document proposed to be filed so long as such successive drafts are supplied to the Investors’ Counsel in advance of the proposed filing by a period of time that is customary and reasonable under the circumstances);

(c) prepare and file with the Commission such amendments and supplements to such registration statement and the prospectus used in connection therewith as may be necessary to keep such registration statement effective for at least a period of 180 days or until all of such Registrable Shares have been disposed of (if earlier) and to comply with the provisions of the Securities Act with respect to the sale or other disposition of such Registrable Shares;

 

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(d) notify in writing the Investors’ Counsel promptly of (i) the receipt by the Corporation of any notification with respect to any comments by the Commission with respect to such registration statement or prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or any request by the Commission for the amending or supplementing thereof or for additional information with respect thereto, (ii) the receipt by the Corporation of any notification with respect to the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statement or prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for that purpose (and the Corporation shall use its best efforts to prevent the issuance thereof or, if issued, to obtain its withdrawal) and (iii) the receipt by the Corporation of any notification with respect to the suspension of the qualification of such Registrable Shares for sale in any jurisdiction or the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for such purposes;

(e) use its best efforts to register or qualify such Registrable Shares under such other securities or blue sky laws of such jurisdictions as the Investors reasonably request, to keep such registrations or qualifications in effect for so long as the registration statement covering such Registrable Shares remains in effect and do any and all other acts and things which may be reasonably necessary or advisable to enable the Investors to consummate the disposition in such jurisdictions of the Registrable Shares owned by the Investors; provided , however , that the Corporation shall not be required to (i) qualify to do business as a foreign Corporation in any jurisdiction in which it would not otherwise be required to do so but for the requirements of this clause (e) , (ii) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction or (iii) consent to general service of process in any such jurisdiction;

(f) furnish to the Investors holding such Registrable Shares such number of copies of a summary prospectus, if any, or other prospectus, including a preliminary prospectus, in conformity with the requirements of the Securities Act, and such other documents as such Investors may reasonably request in order to facilitate the public sale or other disposition of such Registrable Shares;

(g) use its best efforts to cause such Registrable Shares to be registered with or approved by such other governmental agencies or authorities as may be necessary by virtue of the business and operations of the Corporation to enable the Investors holding such Registrable Shares to consummate the disposition of such Registrable Shares, provided , however , that the Corporation shall not be required to (i) qualify to do business as a foreign Corporation in any jurisdiction in which it would not otherwise be required to do so but for the requirements of this clause (g) , (ii) subject itself to taxation in any such jurisdiction or (iii) consent to general service of process in any such jurisdiction;

(h) notify on a timely basis the Investors holding such Registrable Shares at any time when a prospectus relating to such Registrable Shares is required to be delivered under the Securities Act within the appropriate period mentioned in subsection (a)  of this Section 6 , of the happening of any event as a result of which the prospectus included in such registration statement,

 

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as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing and, at the request of the Investors, prepare and furnish to such Investors a reasonable number of copies of a supplement to or an amendment of such prospectus as may be necessary so that, as thereafter delivered to the offerees of such shares, such prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in light of the circumstances then existing;

(i) make available upon reasonable notice and during normal business hours, for inspection by the Investors holding such Registrable Shares, any underwriter participating in any disposition pursuant to such registration statement and any attorney, accountant or other agent retained by the Investors or underwriter (collectively, the “ Inspectors ”), all pertinent financial and other records, pertinent corporate documents and properties of the Corporation (collectively, the “ Records ”), as shall be reasonably necessary to enable them to exercise their due diligence responsibility, and cause the Corporation’s officers, directors and employees to supply all information (together with the Records, the “ Information ”) reasonably requested by any such Inspector in connection with such registration statement. Any of the Information which the Corporation determines in good faith to be confidential, and of which determination the Inspectors are so notified, shall not be disclosed by the Inspectors, unless (i) the disclosure of such Information is necessary to avoid or correct a misstatement or omission in the registration statement, (ii) the release of such Information is ordered pursuant to a subpoena or other order from a court of competent jurisdiction, or (iii) such Information has been made generally available to the public. The Investors agree that they will, upon learning that disclosure of such Information is sought in a court of competent jurisdiction, give notice to the Corporation and allow the Corporation, at the Corporation’s expense, to undertake appropriate action to prevent disclosure of the Information deemed confidential;

(j) use its best efforts to obtain from its independent certified public accountants “ cold comfort ” letters in customary form and at customary times and covering matters of the type customarily covered by cold comfort letters;

(k) use its best efforts to obtain from its counsel an opinion or opinions in customary form, naming the Investors holding such Registrable Shares as additional addressees or parties who may rely thereon;

(l) provide a transfer agent and registrar (which may be the same entity and which may not be the Corporation) for such Registrable Shares;

(m) issue to any underwriter to which the Investors holding such Registrable Shares may sell shares in such offering certificates evidencing such Registrable Shares;

(n) list such Registrable Shares on any national securities exchange or automated quotation system of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. (the “ NASD ”) on which any shares of Common Stock are listed;

 

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(o) otherwise use its best efforts to comply with all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission and make available to its securityholders, as soon as reasonably practicable, earnings statements (which need not be audited) covering a period of 12 months beginning within three months after the effective date of the registration statement, which earnings statements shall satisfy the provisions of Section 11(a) of the Securities Act; and

(p) use its best efforts to take all other steps necessary to effect the registration of such Registrable Shares contemplated hereby.

Each holder of Registrable Shares which are being or have been registered pursuant to this Agreement shall provide to the Corporation, upon the request of the Corporation, such written information and materials as the Corporation may reasonably request in order to effect or maintain such registration. Each holder of Registrable Shares, upon receipt of any notice from the Corporation of any event of the kind described in Section 6(h) , shall forthwith discontinue the disposition of such Registrable Shares pursuant to the registration statement covering such Registrable Shares until such holder’s receipt of the copies of the supplemented or amended prospectus contemplated by Section 6(h) , and, if so directed by the Corporation, such holder shall deliver to the Corporation all copies, other than permanent file copies then in such holder’s possession, of the prospectus covering such Registrable Shares at the time of receipt of such notice.

Section 7. Expenses .

All expenses (other than underwriting discounts and commissions relating to the Registrable Shares, as provided in the last sentence of this Section 7 ) incurred by the Corporation or any Investor in complying with this Agreement, including, without limitation, all registration and filing fees (including all expenses incident to filing with the NYSE, AMEX, NASD and other domestic or foreign exchanges, as applicable), fees and expenses of complying with securities and blue sky laws, printing expenses, fees and expenses of the Corporation’s counsel and accountants and fees and expenses of the Investors’ Counsel, shall be paid by the Corporation; provided , however , that all underwriting discounts and selling commissions applicable to the Registrable Shares and Other Shares shall be borne by the holders selling such Registrable Shares and Other Shares, in proportion to the number of Registrable Shares and Other Shares sold by each such holder.

Section 8. Indemnification .

(a) In connection with any registration of any Registrable Shares under the Securities Act pursuant to this Agreement, the Corporation shall indemnify and hold harmless each holder of Registrable Shares, each underwriter, broker or any other Person acting on behalf of the holders of Registrable Shares and each other Person, if any, who controls any of the foregoing Persons within the meaning of the Securities Act against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several (or actions in respect thereof), to which any of the foregoing Persons may become subject under the Securities Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or

 

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allegedly untrue statement of a material fact contained in the registration statement under which such Registrable Shares were registered under the Securities Act, any preliminary prospectus (unless such untrue statement or allegedly untrue statement of material fact is corrected in the final prospectus) or final prospectus contained therein or otherwise filed with the Commission, any amendment or supplement thereto or any document incident to registration or qualification of any Registrable Shares, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading or, with respect to any prospectus, necessary to make the statements therein in light of the circumstances under which they were made not misleading, or any violation by the Corporation of the Securities Act or state securities or blue sky laws applicable to the Corporation and relating to action or inaction required of the Corporation in connection with such registration or qualification under such state securities or blue sky laws pursuant hereto; and shall reimburse the holders of Registrable Shares, such underwriter, such broker or such other Person acting on behalf of the holders of Registrable Shares and each such controlling Person for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by any of them in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action; provided , however , that the Corporation shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, liability or action (including any legal or other expenses incurred) arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or allegedly untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in said registration statement, preliminary prospectus, final prospectus, amendment, supplement or document incident to registration or qualification of any Registrable Shares in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Corporation through an instrument duly executed by the holders of Registrable Shares or the underwriter specifically for use in the preparation thereof;

(b) In connection with any registration of Registrable Shares under the Securities Act pursuant to this Agreement, each seller of Registrable Shares shall severally and not jointly indemnify and hold harmless (in the same manner and to the same extent as set forth in Section 8(a) ) the Corporation, each director of the Corporation, each officer of the Corporation who shall sign such registration statement, each underwriter, broker or other Person acting on behalf of the holders of Registrable Shares and each Person who controls any of the foregoing Persons within the meaning of the Securities Act with respect to any statement or omission from such registration statement, any preliminary prospectus or final prospectus contained therein or otherwise filed with the Commission, any amendment or supplement thereto or any document incident to registration or qualification of any Registrable Shares, if such statement or omission was made in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Corporation or such underwriter through an instrument duly executed by such seller specifically for use in connection with the preparation of such registration statement, preliminary prospectus, final prospectus, amendment, supplement or document; provided , however , that the maximum amount of liability in respect of such indemnification shall be in proportion to and limited to, in the case of each seller of Registrable Shares, an amount equal to the net proceeds actually received by such seller from the sale of Registrable Shares effected pursuant to such registration.

 

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(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party of notice of the commencement of any action involving a claim referred to in Sections 8(a) and 8(b) , such indemnified party will, if a claim in respect thereof is made against an indemnifying party, give written notice to the latter of the commencement of such action. In case any such action is brought against an indemnified party, the indemnifying party will be entitled to participate in and to assume the defense thereof, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified to the extent that it may wish, with counsel reasonably satisfactory to such indemnified party, and after notice from the indemnifying party to such indemnified party of its election so to assume the defense thereof, the indemnifying party shall not be responsible for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the indemnified party in connection with the defense thereof; provided , however , that, if any indemnified party shall have reasonably concluded that there may be one or more legal or equitable defenses available to such indemnified party which are additional to or conflict with those available to the indemnifying party, or that such claim or litigation involves or could have an effect upon matters beyond the scope of the indemnity agreement provided in this Section 8 , then the indemnifying party shall not have the right to assume the defense of such action on behalf of such indemnified party and such indemnifying party shall reimburse such indemnified party and any Person controlling such indemnified party for that portion of the fees and expenses of any counsel retained by the indemnified party which is reasonably related to the matters covered by the indemnity agreement provided in this Section 8 . The indemnifying party shall not be liable to indemnify any indemnified party for any settlement of any claim or action effected without the consent of the indemnifying party. The indemnifying party may not settle any claim or action brought against an indemnified party unless such indemnified party is released from all and any liability as part of such settlement.

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 8 is held by a court of competent jurisdiction to be unavailable to an indemnified party with respect to any loss, claim, damage, liability or action referred to herein, then the indemnifying party, in lieu of indemnifying such indemnified party hereunder, shall contribute to the amounts paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such loss, claim, damage, liability or action in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative fault of the indemnifying party on the one hand and of the indemnified party on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such loss, claim, damage, liability or action as well as any other relevant equitable considerations; provided , however , that, if the circumstances described in the proviso in Section 8(a) apply to the indemnified party, then the indemnifying party shall not be obligated to contribute with respect to such loss, claim, damage, liability or action to the extent set forth in such proviso; provided further , however , that the maximum amount of liability of any seller of Registrable Shares in a registration under this Section 8(d) shall be limited to an amount equal to the net proceeds actually received by such seller from the sale of Registrable Shares effected pursuant to such registration. The relative fault of the indemnifying party and of the indemnified party shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the indemnifying party or by the indemnified party and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission.

 

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(e) The Corporation and the sellers of Registrable Shares agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to Section 8(d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if the holders and any underwriters were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to in Sections 8(c) and 8(d) . The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages and liabilities referred to in subsection (d)  of this Section 8 shall be deemed to include, subject to the limitations set forth above, any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim.

Section 9. Underwriting Agreement .

Notwithstanding the provisions of Sections 5 , 6 , 7 and 8 , to the extent that the sellers of Registrable Shares shall enter into an underwriting or similar agreement, which agreement contains provisions covering one or more issues addressed in such Sections, the provisions contained in such agreement addressing such issue or issues shall control; provided , however , that any such agreement to which the Corporation is not a party shall not be binding upon the Corporation. No Person may participate in an underwritten public offering registered pursuant hereto unless such Person (i) agrees to sell subject to the terms and conditions of the underwriting agreement and (ii) provides all information reasonably requested by the Corporation and the underwriter.

Section 10. Information by Holder .

Each seller of Registrable Shares shall furnish to the Corporation such written information regarding such seller and the distribution proposed by the sellers as the Corporation may reasonably request in writing and as shall be reasonably required in connection with any registration, qualification or compliance referred to in this Agreement.

Section 11. Exchange Act Compliance .

From the Registration Date or such earlier date as a registration statement filed by the Corporation pursuant to the Securities Act relating to any class of the Corporation’s securities shall have become effective, the Corporation shall comply with all of the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act applicable to it (whether or not it shall be required to do so) and shall comply with all other public information reporting requirements of the Commission which are conditions to the availability of Rule 144 for the sale of the Common Shares. The Corporation shall cooperate with the Investors in supplying such information as may be necessary for the Investors to complete and file any information reporting forms presently or hereafter required by the Commission as a condition to the availability of Rule 144.

Section 12. Mergers, Etc .

The Corporation shall not, directly or indirectly, enter into any merger, consolidation or reorganization in which the Corporation shall not be the surviving corporation unless the surviving corporation shall, prior to such merger, consolidation or reorganization, agree in writing to assume the obligations of the Corporation under this Agreement, and for that purpose references hereunder to “Registrable Shares” shall be deemed to include the common stock, if any, that holders of Registrable Shares would be entitled to

 

14


receive in exchange for Common Stock under any such merger, consolidation or reorganization; provided , however , that, to the extent holders of Registrable Shares receive securities that are by their terms convertible into common stock of the issuer thereof, then only such shares of common stock as are issued or issuable upon conversion of said convertible securities shall be included within the definition of “Registrable Shares.”

Section 13. New Certificates .

As expeditiously as possible after the effectiveness of any registration statement filed pursuant to this Agreement, the Corporation will deliver in exchange for any legended certificate evidencing Restricted Shares so registered, new stock certificates not bearing any restrictive legends, provided that, in the event less than all of the Restricted Shares evidenced by such legended certificate are registered, the holder thereof agrees that a new certificate evidencing such unregistered shares will be issued bearing the appropriate restrictive legend.

Section 14. No Conflict of Rights .

The Corporation represents and warrants to the Investors that no other registration rights have been granted by the Corporation to any other Person. The Corporation shall not, after the date hereof, grant any registration rights which conflict with or materially impair the registration rights granted hereby.

Section 15. Termination .

This Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force or effect on the date on which there remain no Registrable Shares outstanding.

Section 16. Successors and Assigns .

This Agreement shall bind and inure to the benefit of the Corporation and the Investors and, subject to Section 17 , the respective successors and assigns of the Corporation and the Investors.

Section 17. Assignment .

Each Investor may assign its rights hereunder to any purchaser or transferee of Registrable Shares; provided , however , that such purchaser or transferee shall, as a condition to the effectiveness of such assignment, be required to execute an Investor Joinder, whereupon such purchaser or transferee shall have the benefits of, and shall be subject to the restrictions contained in, this Agreement as if such purchaser or transferee was originally included in the definition of “Investor” herein and had originally been a party hereto.

 

15


Section 18. Severability .

It is the desire and intent of the parties hereto that the provisions of this Agreement be enforced to the fullest extent permissible under the laws and public policies applied in each jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought. Accordingly, if any particular provision of this Agreement shall be adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable for any reason, such provision, as to such jurisdiction, shall be ineffective, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such provision could be more narrowly drawn so as not to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable in such jurisdiction, it shall, as to such jurisdiction, be so narrowly drawn, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.

Section 19. Entire Agreement .

This Agreement and the other writings referred to therein or delivered pursuant thereto, contain the entire agreement among the parties with respect to the subject matter hereof and supersede all prior and contemporaneous arrangements or understandings with respect thereto.

Section 20. Notices .

All notices, requests, demands, claims, and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if delivered personally, telecopied, sent by internationally-recognized overnight courier or mailed by registered or certified mail (return receipt requested), postage prepaid, to the parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified by like notice):

 

  (i) If to the Corporation, to:

MercadoLibre, Inc.

Thames 121

2 piso

San Isidro, B1609JUC

Acassuso 1609, Argentina

Telephone: 011 54 114 735 8000

Telecopy: 011 54 114 735 8099

Attention: Chief Executive Officer

with a copy to:

Hunton & Williams

1111 Brickell Avenue, Suite 2500

Miami, FL 33131

Attention: Roberto Pupo, Esq.

Telephone: (305) 810 2581

Telecopy: (305) 810 2460

 

16


  (ii) If to an Investor, to:

the address or telecopier number

set forth immediately below the name

of such Investor on Annex I hereto.

with a copy to (for Investors listed in Section (a) of Annex I ):

O’Sullivan, LLP

30 Rockefeller Plaza

New York, New York 10112

Attention: Michael J. O’Brien, Esq.

Telephone: (212) 408-2400

Telecopy: (212) 408-2420

with a copy to (for Investors listed in Section (b) of Annex I ):

Brown Raysman Millstein Felder & Steiner LLP

900 3 rd Avenue

New York, New York 10036

Attention: Stuart Bressman, Esq.

Telephone: (212) 895-2110

Telecopy: (212) 895-2900

with a copy to (for Investors listed in Section (c) of Annex I ):

Cooley Godward LLP

One Maritime Plaza, 20 th Floor

San Francisco, CA 94111

Attention: Michael J. Sullivan, Esq.

Telephone: (415) 693-2000

Telecopy: (415) 951-3699

All such notices and other communications shall be deemed to have been given and received (a) in the case of personal delivery or delivery by telecopy, on the date of such delivery, (b) in the case of delivery by internationally-recognized overnight courier, on the first business day following such dispatch and (c) in the case of mailing, on the fifth business day following such mailing.

 

17


Section 21. Modifications; Amendments; Waivers .

The terms and provisions of this Agreement may not be modified or amended, nor may any provision be waived, except pursuant to a writing signed by the Corporation and the holders of at least a majority of the Registrable Shares then outstanding; provided , however , that no such modification, amendment or waiver that would treat any holder of Registrable Shares then outstanding in a non-ratable, discriminatory manner or in any other manner different from any other holder of Registrable Shares shall be made without the prior written consent of such holder. The failure of any party to enforce any of the provisions of this Agreement shall in no way be construed as a waiver of such provisions and shall not affect the right of such party thereafter to enforce each and every provision of this Agreement in accordance with its terms.

Section 22. Counterparts; Facsimile Signatures .

This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, and each such counterpart hereof shall be deemed to be an original instrument, but all such counterparts together shall constitute but one agreement. A facsimile counterpart signature to this Agreement shall be acceptable. Originally executed counterparts shall be delivered within a reasonable period thereafter.

Section 23. Headings .

The headings of the various sections of this Agreement have been inserted for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed to be a part of this Agreement.

Section 24. Governing Law .

This Agreement will be governed by and construed in accordance with the domestic laws of the State of New York, without giving effect to any choice of law or conflicting provision or rule.

Section 25. Jurisdiction and Venue .

(a) Each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally submits, for itself or himself and its or his property, to the exclusive jurisdiction of any New York court or federal court of the United States of America sitting in the State of New York, and any appellate court from any thereof, in any action or proceeding arising out of or relating to this Agreement or for recognition or enforcement of any judgment, and each of the parties hereto hereby irrevocably and unconditionally agrees that all claims in respect of any such action or proceeding may be heard and determined in any such Delaware court or, to the extent permitted by law, in such federal court. Each of the parties hereto agrees that a final judgment in any such action or proceeding shall be conclusive and may be enforced in other jurisdictions by suit on the judgment or in any other manner provided by law.

 

18


(b) Each of the parties hereto irrevocably and unconditionally waives, to the fullest extent it or he may legally and effectively do so, any objection that it or he may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding arising out of or relating to the Agreement in any of the courts referred to in Section 25(a) . Each of the parties hereto irrevocably waives, to the fullest extent permitted by law, the defense of an inconvenient forum to the maintenance of such action or proceeding in any such court.

(c) The parties further agree that the mailing by certified or registered mail, return receipt requested, of any process required by any such court shall constitute valid and lawful service of process against them, without the necessity for service by any other means provided by law.

Section 26. Waiver of Jury Trial .

EACH OF THE PARTIES HERETO HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION, PROCEEDING OR COUNTERCLAIM ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS AGREEMENT.

 

19


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have executed this S ECOND A MENDED AND R ESTATED R EGISTRATION R IGHTS A GREEMENT as of the date first written above.

 

MERCADOLIBRE, INC.
By:   /s/ Marcos Galperin
  Name: Marcos Galperin
  Title: CEO
eBAY INC.
By:   /s/ Matthew J. Bannick
  Name: Matthew J. Bannick
  Title: SVP & GM, International
J.P. MORGAN PARTNERS (BHCA), L.P.
By:   JMP MASTER FUND MANAGER, L.P.
By:   JPMP CAPITAL CORP., its general partner
By:   /s/ Susan L. Segal
  Name: Susan L. Segal
  Title:
THE FLATIRON FUND 1998/99 LLC
By:   /s/ illegible
  Name:
  Title:
THE FLATIRON FUND 2000 LLC
By:   /s/ illegible
  Name:
  Title:

Signature Page – Registration Rights Agreement


FLATIRON ASSOCIATES LLC

By:       /s/ illegible
      Name:
      Title:
FLATIRON ASSOCIATES II LLC
By:       /s/ illegible
      Name:
      Title:
LUNA VENTURES LLC
By:       /s/ Gerardo Rosenkranz
      Name: Gerardo Rosenkranz
      Title: Chairman
VENTECH LLC
By:       /s/ Gerardo Rosenkranz
      Name: Gerardo Rosenkranz
      Title: Member
GGG PARTNERS
By:   CARAMIA LLC, a Partner
  By:   TRUST U/A/D 12/15/72, a Member
    By:   /s/ Emily F. Johnson
      Name: Emily F. Johnson
      Title: Trustee
SEVEN-X INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
By:       /s/ illegible
      Name:
      Title:

Signature Page – Registration Rights Agreement


HMTF-LA (MERCADOLIBRE)

INVESTMENTS, LLC

By:   /s/ David W. Knickel
  Name: David W. Knickel
  Title: V.P.
/s/ Geoffroy de Belloy de Saint Lienard
Geoffroy de Belloy de Saint Lienard

Signature Page – Registration Rights Agreement


GS CAPITAL PARTNERS III, L.P.
By:   GS Advisors III, L.L.C., its general partner
By:   /s/ Katherine B. Enquist
  Name: Katherine B. Enquist
  Title: Vice President
GS CAPITAL PARTNERS III OFFSHORE, L.P.
By:   GS Advisors III, L.L.C., its general partner
By:   /s/ Katherine B. Enquist
  Name: Katherine B. Enquist
  Title: Vice President
GOLDMAN SACHS & CO. VERWALTUNGS GmbH*
By:   /s/ Katherine B. Enquist
  Name: Katherine B. Enquist
  Title: Attorney-in-fact
  and
By:      
  Name:
  Title:
GE CAPITAL EQUITY INVESTMENTS, INC.
By:   /s/ J. I. Coseutino
  Name: J. I. Coseutino
  Title: Senior Vice President

Signature Page – Registration Rights Agreement


CAPITAL RIESGO INTERNET SCR S.A.
By:   /s/ Nicolas Merigo
  Name: Nicolas Merigo
  Title: President
NEDASUR S. A.
By:   /s/ illegible
  Name:
  Title:
  /s/ Dwight Siprelle
  Dwight Siprelle
  /s/ Mike Rankowitz
  Mike Rankowitz
  /s/ Mitch Petrick
  Michael Petrick
  /s/ Anthony Melchiorre
  Anthony Melchiorre
  /s/ Jason Maratos
  Jason Maratos
  /s/ Mete Tuncel
  Mete Tuncel
  /s/ Andrew Brenner
  Andrew Brenner

Signature Page – Registration Rights Agreement


ANNEX I

INVESTORS

(a) Original Investors

J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P.

c/o J.P. Morgan Partners, LLC

1221 Avenue of the Americas

New York, New York 10020

Attention: Official Notices Clerk

Telephone: (212) 899-3400

Telecopy:   (212) 899-3401

The Flatiron Fund 1998/99 LLC

c/o Flatiron Partners LLC

1221 Avenue of the Americas, 39 th Floor

New York, New York 10020

Attention: Fred Wilson

Telephone: (212) 899-3400

Telecopy:   (212) 899-3401

Flatiron Associates LLC

c/o Flatiron Partners LLC

1221 Avenue of the Americas, 39 th Floor

New York, New York 10020

Attention: Fred Wilson

Telephone: (212) 899-3400

Telecopy:   (212) 899-3401

Luna Ventures LLC

60 Arch Street

Greenwich, Connecticut 06830

Attention: Gerardo Rosenkranz

Telephone: (203) 861-6777

Telecopy:   (203) 861-6677

Ventech LLC

60 Arch Street

Greenwich, Connecticut 06830

Attention: Gerardo Rosenkranz

Telephone: (203) 861-6777

Telecopy:   (203) 861-6677


GGG Partners

c/o Fay Holloschutz

110 East 59th Street, 29th Floor

New York, New York 10022

Telephone: (212) 317-0777

Telecopy:   (212) 223-4912

Seven-X International Limited

c/o Winterbotham Trust Company

Bolam House

King George Street

Nassau, Bahamas

Attention: Alrena Moxey

Telephone: (242) 356-5454

Telecopy:   (242) 356-9432

HMTF-LA (MercadoLibre) Investments, LLC

c/o Hicks Muse Tate & Furst Incorporated

200 Crescent Court

Suite 1600

Dallas, Texas 75201

Attention: Lawrence D. Stuart and Cesar Baez

Telephone: (214) 740-7300

Telecopy:   (214) 720-7888

with a copy to:

Akin, Gump, Strauss, Hauer & Feld, L.L.P.

590 Madison Avenue

New York, New York 10022

Attention: L. Kevin O’Mara, Jr., Esq.

Telephone: (212) 872-1000

Telecopy:   (212) 872-1002

Geoffroy de Belloy de Saint Lienard

Nieuwkirk 12

2382 Ravels

Belgium

Telephone: 33-235-329-103

Telecopy: (603) 971-6288


(b) Series C/D Investors

GS Capital Partners III, L.P.

85 Broad Street

New York, N.Y.

Attention: Tara Harrison

Telephone: (212) 902-1000

Telecopy:   (212) 357-5505

GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc.

120 Long Ridge Road

Stamford, Connecticut 06927

Attention: General Counsel

Capital Riesgo Internet SCR S.A.

Calle Sevilla 3

28014 – Madrid

Spain

Telephone: 3491-558-1812/6179

Telecopy:   3491-521-8477

Attention: Nicolas Merigo/Martin Aubert

Nedasur S.A.

Misiones 1295

Montevideo, Uruguay

Telephone: (*) (598) (2) 916 1185

Telecopy :  (*) (598) (2) 916 2189

Attention: Andres Hirschfeld

J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P.

c/o J.P. Morgan Partners, LLC

1221 Avenue of the Americas

New York, New York 10020

Attention: Official Notices Clerk

Telephone: (212) 899-3400

Telecopy:   (212) 899-3401

The Flatiron Fund 1998/99 LLC

c/o Flatiron Partners LLC

1221 Avenue of the Americas, 39 th Floor

New York, New York 10020

Attention: Fred Wilson

Telephone: (212) 899-3400

Telecopy:   (212) 899-3401


The Flatiron Fund 2000 LLC

c/o Flatiron Partners LLC

1221 Avenue of the Americas, 39 th Floor

New York, New York 10020

Attention: Fred Wilson

Telephone: (212) 899-3400

Telecopy:   (212) 899-3401

Flatiron Associates LLC

c/o Flatiron Partners LLC

1221 Avenue of the Americas, 39 th Floor

New York, New York 10020

Attention: Fred Wilson

Telephone: (212) 899-3400

Telecopy:   (212) 899-3401

Anthony Melchiorre

Morgan Stanley Dean Witter

Managing Director

1585 Broadway, Floor 2

New York, N.Y 10036

Dwight Siprelle

Mike Rankowitz

Mitch Petrick

Jason Maratos

Mete Tuncel

Andrew Brenner


(c) Series E Investors

eBay Inc.

2145 Hamilton Avenue

San Jose, CA 95125

Attention: General Counsel

Telephone: (408) 558-7500

Telecopy: (408) 558-7514

with a copy to:

Cooley Godward LLP

One Maritime Plaza, 20 th Floor

San Francisco, CA 94111

Attention: Michael J. Sullivan, Esq.

Telephone: (415) 693-2000

Telecopy: (415) 951-3699


EXHIBIT A

INVESTOR JOINDER

By execution of this Investor Joinder, the undersigned agrees to become a party to that certain Second Amended and Restated Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of                      , 2001 (as the same may be amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time, the “ Registration Rights Agreement ”), among Mercadolibre, Inc., J.P. Morgan Partners (BHCA), L.P., The Flatiron Fund 1998/99 LLC, The Flatiron Fund 2000 LLC, Flatiron Associates LLC, Flatiron Associates II LLC, Luna Ventures LLC, Ventech LLC, GGG Partners, Seven-X International Limited, HMTF-LA (Mercadolibre) Investments, LLC, Geoffroy de Belloy de Saint Lienard, GS Capital Partners III, L.P., GS Capital Partners III Offshore, L.P., Goldman Sachs & Co. Verwaltungs GmbH, GE Capital Equity Investments, Inc., Capital Riesgo Internet SCR S.A., Nedasur S. A., Dwight Siprelle, Mike Rankowitz, Mitch Petrick, Anthony Melchiorre, Jason Maratos, Mete Tuncel, Andrew Brenner, eBay Inc. and the other persons from time to time party thereto. The undersigned shall have all the rights, and shall observe all of the obligations, applicable to [an Original Investor] [a Series C Investor] [a Series D Investor] [a Series E Investor](as defined in the Registration Rights Agreement).

Name:                                                                  

 

Address for Notices:       with copies to:
             
             
             
             
     Signature:       
Date:            

 

EXHIBIT 10.03

190

[Seal on all pages of the original document:] MIGUEL ANGEL SARAVI (H). LICENSE No.: 2495. NOTARY PUBLIC. [Signature.] [Four signatures at the bottom of each page.]

This Lease Agreement is made by and between CURTIDOS SAN LUIS S.A., with offices at Tronador 4890, piso 10º, Capital Federal, herein represented by Mr. Dante Aldo Prati, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 12954501, and Mr. Julio Alberto Bozzelli, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 5222282, in their capacity as Attorneys-in-fact, as evidenced by the documents submitted herein, hereinafter referred to as “LESSOR”; and MERCADO LIBRE S.A., with offices at Tronador 4890 – 2do piso, Capital Federal, herein represented by Mr. Nicolás Szekasy, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 17363052 and Mr. Hernán Jorge Kazah, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 21850737, in their capacity as Attorneys-in-fact, as evidenced by the documents submitted herein, hereinafter referred to as “LESSEE”, subject to the following terms and conditions:

1. PARTIES

LESSOR and LESSEE shall be hereinafter jointly referred to as THE PARTIES.

2. THE PREMISES

The real property owned by LESSOR, which is the subject matter of this Lease Agreement, hereinafter referred to as the PREMISES, is described as follows: the entire sixth floor of the building located at Tronador 4890, Capital Federal, intended for use as business offices, with the right to use the surfaces designated in the condominium and administration bylaws as individual and common parts of the floors and 10 (ten) units used as parking spaces and located on the building’s underground floor, identified with numbers 1, 2, 3, 5, 68, 220, 88, 89, 90, 221, and 1 (one) parking space located at the building’s parking lot with its entrance on Pico street.

3. TERM

The lease term shall be thirty-six (36) months, from April 1, 2004 to March 31, 2007. Early termination of this lease shall be subject to the applicable laws (sections 8 and 29 bis of Law No. 23091), i.e., after lapse of the first six (6) month period starting on April 1, 2004, LESSEE may terminate this lease, and it shall give notice at least 60 (sixty) days in advance to LESSOR. If LESSEE makes use of this option within the first year of this Lease Agreement, it shall pay LESSOR an amount equivalent to 1.5 (one and a half) months of the rent in force at the time of termination as compensation, and only 1 (one) month’s rent as compensation if this option is used after the first year of the lease.

 


4. RENT AND PAYMENT CURRENCY

The monthly rent payable by LESSEE, which is mutually agreed by the parties, is US$ 6,403 (six thousand, four hundred and three United States Dollars) for the floor leased together with the parking spaces, all of which were specified in Clause 2 above. During the term of this Lease, the rent shall be paid in an amount of Argentine Pesos sufficient to purchase the amount of dollars specified above on the floating exchange rate market; payment shall be computed to the forward month, and rent shall be payable between the 1 st and the 5 th day of the respective month from April 1, 2004, at the address herein established by LESSOR. The minimum rent amount shall not be lower than eighteen thousand, five hundred and seventy-two pesos (AR$ 18,572). LESSOR may choose to demand that payment be made in Argentine Pesos in the amount necessary to purchase the specified amount of dollars on the Floating Exchange Rate Market in New York or Montevideo, at LESSOR’s option, and free of any expenses for LESSOR. It is hereby expressly established that the price is herein set in United States dollars because the parties understand that section 13 of Law No. 23928 has, in general, repealed section 1 of Law No. 23091, which banned the setting of lease agreements’ prices in dollars, for which reason sections 617 and 619 of the Argentine Civil Code are now applicable. The parties freely agree that this amount shall be jointly reviewed every six months in order to make any equitable readjustments as deemed appropriate. The parties agree that, in the event of disagreement as to the rent amount, the dispute shall be submitted to the decision of arbitrators designated as amicable compounders. Each party shall appoint one arbitrator and such arbitrators shall render their award within ten business days from the acceptance of the position as arbitrators. Should there be any dispute between the appointed arbitrators, they shall designate a third arbitrator whose opinion shall be final, without the right to file an appeal with the Civil Court of Appeals. If the arbitrators fail to reach an agreement as to the appointment of the third arbitrator, such arbitrator shall be appointed by the L.J. RAMOS firm. In addition to the amount stated above, LESSEE shall, from April 1, 2004, pay any taxes due to the Autonomous Government of the City of Buenos Aires (Street Lighting, Sweeping and Cleaning, Pavement and Sidewalks, and Land Tax, known as “ABL”), Aguas Argentinas S.A. and the common expenses of the building, maintenance of the services provided at the Building, e.g.: Cafeteria, Gymnasium. The amount of ordinary expenses, common expenses, taxes, assessments, and services shall be calculated according to the percentage established in Annex I, which is an integral part of this Agreement. The services used by LESSEE to carry out its business activities and which are not mentioned above, such as electricity, telephone services and other services which are not covered by the common expenses shall be borne by LESSEE from April 1, 2004, the effective date of this Agreement. The Value-added Tax (VAT), like any other taxes which in the future may be levied on leases, is not included in the rent amount and shall be borne by LESSEE.

 


5. GRACE PERIOD.

The parties agree that LESSEE shall not pay the rent for the period from on April 1, 2004 to April 11, 2004, since such amount shall be deemed as compensation for the improvements to be made on the premises. However, LESSEE shall pay from the effective date of this Agreement any and all relevant taxes, assessments, contributions, expenses and expenditures.

6. SECURITY DEPOSIT

LESSEE herein delivers to LESSOR the amount of US$ 12,806 (twelve thousand, eight hundred and six United States Dollars) as security deposit, equivalent to two months’ rent, and this agreement shall be sufficient evidence of receipt thereof. Such amount shall not accrue any interest whatsoever and shall be used as compensation for any damages that LESSEE may cause to the leased premises from the moment delivery of possession is received. The amount shall be reimbursed to LESSEE upon termination of the agreement and when the premises are returned in the conditions established herein and once any amounts owed or necessary to restore the missing items or items to be replaced have been deducted. The parties agree that LESSOR’s failure to reimburse the amount given as Security Deposit by LESSEE shall empower LESSEE, once the premises are delivered in the agreed-upon conditions and the proportional amounts owed by LESSEE for the consumption of public utility services are paid, all of which shall not exceed a period of twenty (20) business days from the date the premises are delivered to LESSOR, to file for a summary proceeding claiming the undue withholding of the amount without prior notice to LESSOR being necessary. The delayed reimbursement of the security deposit shall entail the LESSOR’s default and undue withholding of the amount, and shall consequently accrue a monthly penalty interest equivalent to 2% of the monthly rent payable for the period during which the security deposit was withheld since the termination of the agreement and the delivery of the leased premises until effective reimbursement. The PARTIES agree that such amount shall be paid at LESSOR’s offices located at Tronador 4890 10º piso, Capital Federal.

7. USE OF THE PREMISES

LESSEE undertakes to use the leased premises to conduct its business, by using them as office only. This agreement shall not be assigned or transferred, whether in whole or in part, unless such assignment or transfer is made to subsidiaries, affiliates or companies that are LESSEE’s legal successors, which shall assume all of LESSEE’s obligations. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and should the authorized transfer be made, LESSEE shall duly notify LESSOR of this circumstance. This clause shall not be restrictively construed, and thus LESSEE may designate the premises as the legal and/or administrative and fiscal domicile of all the companies and/or entities owned by MERCADO LIBRE S.A. which conduct business in the Argentine Republic through LESSEE.

8. TELEPHONE LINES

The installation, maintenance and ownership of telephone lines shall be borne by LESSEE.


9. DEFAULT

Should LESSEE fail to timely pay the rent, notwithstanding any other actions that LESSOR could institute, LESSEE shall pay compensatory interest and penalty interest equal to 2% (two percent) per month on the amount owed to LESSOR during the delinquency period. Default in payment shall, in any event, occur as a result of the mere lapse of time, without any court or out-of-court demand notice being necessary.

10. RETURN OF THE PREMISES.

Upon termination of this Agreement, LESSEE undertakes to return the PREMISES which are the subject matter hereof without any court or out-of-court demand notice being necessary, and with all taxes, assessments and services payable by it duly paid, clean and in good state of repair, except for normal deterioration caused by the ordinary wear and tear. Delivery of the premises shall be evidenced by means of a written document issued by a representative of LESSOR. LESSOR shall give LESSEE a 15-day written notice prior to the expiration of the term of the lease to inform to whom such delivery shall be made, and who shall perform a general inspection of the leased premises together with LESSEE in order to verify their condition. For such purpose, a record shall be prepared detailing the state of repair of the PREMISES and describing whether there are any damages or missing items. LESSEE shall repair any such damages or pay any missing items, except for the ordinary wear and tear resulting from the appropriate use of the premises and the lapse of time. Upon expiration of the lease term, the fixed improvements made by LESSEE shall remain with the premises for the benefit of LESSOR, unless these can be withdrawn from the PREMISES without causing damages or modifications that may alter the original condition of the received property, and this shall be under the charge of LESSEE. In the event LESSEE fails to return the PREMISES, it shall pay, in addition to the monthly rent amount, 1/30 part of the monthly rent amount for each day of delay as penalty, and actual damages.

11. TERMINATION

The breach by one party of any of its obligations under this Agreement shall entitle the other to terminate this agreement, provided prior notice is given demanding compliance or that the breach be cured within no more than fifteen (15) days. Upon expiration of this period, and should non-compliance continue, the non-breaching party shall consider the agreement automatically terminated by the breaching party.

12. CONDOMINIUM, ADMINISTRATION AND INTERNAL BYLAWS.

LESSOR shall deliver to LESSEE the condominium and administration bylaws and the internal bylaws for information and compliance purposes. Temporarily, until those bylaws become effective, the rules related to the operation and aesthetics of the Building, which are attached hereto as Annex II and are an integral part hereof, shall apply.


13. FORCE MAJEURE, ENTIRE AGREEMENT, AMENDMENTS

Acts of God and force majeure events shall be governed by sections 513 and 514 of the Argentine Civil Code in all aspects related to their nature, occurrence, characteristics and consequences. Should an event considered to be an act of God or a force majeure event in accordance with the regulations in force occur, the party affected thereby shall notify the other of the occurrence of such event and of the means to be used to deal with such event within 48 (forty-eight) business hours, indicating the estimated period during which it shall not be able to comply with the contractual obligations affected by the event. This shall apply provided that notice is given within the stated term. This Agreement constitutes the entire and exclusive agreement of the PARTIES and supersedes any other previous agreement as well as all the oral or written proposals and any other communications between them which may have been sent prior to the execution of this Agreement (Section 1197 of the Argentine Civil Code). Any amendment to or extension of this Agreement shall be made in writing by mutual agreement of the Parties.

14. JURISDICTION. ADDRESSES

For all purposes, the PARTIES submit to the jurisdiction of the Civil Courts in and for the City of Buenos Aires (Capital Federal), and waive their right to resort to any other competent courts. The PARTIES set their addresses at the ones set out above, where all court or out-of-court notices shall be deemed to have been validly given.

In witness whereof, the parties have executed this Agreement in two (2) counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument, in the City of Buenos Aires, on March 31, 2004.

[Signatures.]


FOR THE PURPOSES OF THE AUTHENTICATION OF SIGNATURES, THE UNDERSIGNED RATIFY THE CONTENT OF THIS LEASE AGREEMENT CONSISTING OF 4 PAGES. BUENOS AIRES, MAY 19, 2004.

[Signatures.]

[Illegible seal.]

[Seal:] MIGUEL ANGEL SARAVI (h). COMMISSION No.: 2495. NOTARY PUBLIC.

[Signature.]


[Seal:] MIGUEL ANGEL SARAVI (H). COMMISSION No.: 2495. NOTARY PUBLIC.

[Signature.]

190

[Emblem:] NOTARIES PUBLIC’ ASSOCIATION. CITY OF BUENOS AIRES. ARGENTINE REPUBLIC. [Letterhead:] SIGNATURE AUTHENTICATION. LAW [illegible]. [Coat of arms of the Argentine Republic.]

F 000915850

Buenos Aires, May 19, 2004. In my capacity as Notary Public of Notarial Registry No. 38, I DO HEREBY CERTIFY that the signatures on the document attached to this page, the request for authentication of which is simultaneously recorded on PAGE No. 190 of BOOK No. 61, are those of the persons whose names and identity document numbers are mentioned below, and who are personally known to me, I attest: 1) Julio Alberto BOZZELLI, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 5,222,282 and Dante Aldo PRATI, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 12,954,501, who represent that they are acting on behalf of “CURTIDOS SAN LUIS S.A.”, with offices in the Province of San Luis and registered with the Registrar of Companies in the Province of San Luis on September 25, 1986, under Number 5, on Page 27, Volume 31, as evidenced by the Special Power of Attorney granted before me on February 13, 2003, recorded on Page 35 of Notarial Registry No. 38, to which I refer and which grants sufficient powers to perform this act, I attest.; and II) Marcos Eduardo GALPERIN, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 22,432,311, and Nicolás Carlos SZEKASY, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 17,363,052, who represent that they are acting on behalf of “MERCADO LIBRE S.A.”, with offices in this City and registered with the Business Organizations Regulatory Agency on July 29, 1999 under No. 10,800, Book 5 of Corporations, as evidenced by the General Power of Attorney granted on December 17, 2003 before Martín Ramón Arana, Notary Public in and for this City, and recorded on page 2772 of Notarial Registry No. 841, which [end of document.]

EXHIBIT 10.04

[Seal on all pages of the original document:] MIGUEL ANGEL SARAVI (H). LICENSE No.: 2495. NOTARY PUBLIC. [Signature.] [Four illegible signatures appear at the bottom of each page.]

This Lease Agreement is made by and between CURTIDOS SAN LUIS S.A., with offices at Tronador 4890, piso 10º, Capital Federal, herein represented by Mr. Dante Aldo Prati, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 12954501, and Mr. Julio Alberto Bozzelli, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 5222282, in their capacity as Attorneys-in-fact, as evidenced by the documents submitted herein, which shall hereinafter be referred to as “LESSOR”; and MERCADO LIBRE S.A., with offices at Tronador 4890 – 8vo piso, Capital Federal, herein represented by Mr. Nicolás Szekasy, holder of D.N.I. No. 17,363,052 and Mr. Hernán Jorge Kazah, holder of Argentine Identity Document No. 21850737, in their capacity as Attorneys-in-fact, as evidenced by the documents submitted herein, hereinafter referred to as “LESSEE”, subject to the following terms and conditions:

1. PARTIES

When LESSOR and LESSEE shall be hereinafter jointly referred to as THE PARTIES.

2. THE PREMISES

The real property owned by LESSOR, which is the subject matter of this Lease Agreement, hereinafter referred to as the PREMISES, is described as follows: the entire eighth floor of the building located at Tronador 4890, Capital Federal, intended for use as business offices, with the right to use the surfaces designated in the condominium and administration bylaws as individual and common parts of the floors and 10 (ten) units used as parking spaces and located on the building’s underground floor, identified with numbers 6, 155, 157, 158, 159, 173, 193, 214, 223, 245, and a double parking space with number 111 which is closed and used as a storage room.

3. TERM

The lease term shall be thirty-six (36) months, from April 1, 2005 to March 31, 2008. Early termination of this lease shall be subject to the applicable laws in force (sections 8 and 29 bis of Law No. 23091), i.e., after lapse of the first six (6) month period starting on April 1, 2005, LESSEE may terminate this lease, and shall give notice at least 60 (sixty) days in advance to LESSOR. If LESSEE makes use of this option within the first year of this Lease Agreement, it shall pay to LESSOR an amount equivalent to 1.5 (one and a half) months of the rent in force at the time of termination as compensation and only 1 (one) month’s rent as compensation if this option is used after the first year of the lease.


4. PRICE AND PAYMENT CURRENCY

The monthly rent payable by LESSEE, which is mutually agreed by the parties, is US$ 7,288 (seven thousand, two hundred and eighty-eight United States Dollars) for the floor leased together with the parking spaces, all of which were specified in Clause 2 above. During the term of this Lease, the rent shall be paid in an amount of Argentine Pesos sufficient to purchase the amount of dollars specified above on the floating exchange rate market; payment shall be computed to the forward month, and rent shall be payable between the 1 st and the 5 th day of the respective month from April 1, 2005, at the address herein established by LESSOR. The minimum rent amount shall not be lower than twenty-one thousand, two hundred and eighty pesos (AR$ 21,280). LESSOR may choose to demand that payment be made in Argentine pesos in the amount necessary to purchase the specified amount of dollars on the Floating Exchange Rate Market in New York or Montevideo, at LESSOR’s option, and free of any expenses for LESSOR. It is hereby expressly established that the price is herein set in United States dollars because the parties understand that section 13 of Law No. 23928 has, in general, repealed section 1 of Law No. 23,091, which banned the setting of lease agreements’ prices in dollars, for which reason sections 617 and 619 of the Argentine Civil Code are now applicable. The parties freely agree that this amount shall be jointly reviewed every six months in order to make any equitable readjustments as deemed appropriate. The parties agree that, in the event of disagreement as to the rent amount, the dispute shall be submitted to the decision of arbitrators designated as amicable compounders. Each party shall appoint one arbitrator and such arbitrators shall render their award within ten business days from the acceptance of the position as arbitrators. Should there be any dispute between the appointed arbitrators, they shall designate a third arbitrator whose opinion shall be final, without the right to file an appeal with the Civil Court of Appeals. If the arbitrators fail to reach an agreement as to the appointment of the third arbitrator, such arbitrator shall be appointed by the L.J. RAMOS firm. In addition to the amount stated above, LESSEE shall, from April 1, 2005, pay any taxes due to the Autonomous Government of the City of Buenos Aires (Street Lighting, Sweeping and Cleaning, Pavement and Sidewalks, and Land Tax, known as “ABL”), Aguas Argentinas S.A. and the common expenses of the building, maintenance of the services provided at the Building, e.g.: Cafeteria, Gymnasium. The amount of ordinary expenses, common expenses, taxes, assessments, and services shall be calculated according to the percentage established in Annex I, which is an integral part of this Agreement. The services used by LESSEE to carry out its business activities and which are not mentioned above, such as electricity, telephone services and other services which are not covered by the common expenses shall be borne by LESSEE from April 1, 2005, the effective date of this Agreement. The Value-added Tax (VAT), like any other taxes which in the future may be levied on leases, is not included in the rent amount and shall be borne by LESSEE.


5. SECURITY DEPOSIT

LESSEE herein delivers to LESSOR the amount of US$ 14,576 (fourteen thousand, five hundred and seventy-six United States Dollars) as security deposit, equivalent to two months’ rent, and this agreement shall be sufficient evidence of receipt thereof. Such amount shall not accrue any interest whatsoever and shall be used as compensation for any damages that LESSEE may cause to the leased premises from the moment delivery of possession is received. The amount shall be reimbursed to LESSEE upon termination of the agreement and when the premises are returned in the conditions established herein and once any amounts owed or necessary to restore the missing items or items to be replaced have been deducted. The parties agree that LESSOR’s failure to reimburse the amount given as Security Deposit by LESSEE shall empower LESSEE, once the premises are delivered in the agreed-upon conditions and the proportional amounts owed by LESSEE for the consumption of public utility services are paid, all of which shall not exceed a period of twenty (20) business days from the date the premises are delivered to LESSOR to file for a summary proceeding claiming the undue withholding of the amount without prior notice to LESSOR being necessary. The delayed reimbursement of the security deposit shall entail the LESSOR’s default and undue withholding of the amount, and shall consequently accrue a monthly penalty interest equivalent to 2% of the monthly rent for the period during which the security deposit was withheld since the termination of the agreement and the delivery of the leased premises until effective reimbursement. The PARTIES agree that such amount shall be paid at LESSOR’s offices located at Tronador 4890 10º piso, Capital Federal.

6. USE OF THE PREMISES

LESSEE undertakes to use the leased premises to conduct its business activities, by using them as an office only. This agreement shall not be assigned or transferred, whether in whole or in part, unless such assignment or transfer is made to subsidiaries, affiliates or companies that are LESSEE’s legal successors, which shall assume all of LESSEE’s obligations. Notwithstanding the foregoing, and should the authorized transfer be made, LESSEE shall duly notify LESSOR of this circumstance. This clause shall not be restrictively construed, and thus LESSEE may designate the premises as the legal and/or administrative and fiscal domicile of all the companies and/or entities owned by MERCADO LIBRE S.A. which conduct business in the Argentine Republic through LESSEE.

7. TELEPHONE LINES

The installation, maintenance and ownership of telephone lines shall be borne by LESSEE.

8. DEFAULT

Should LESSEE fail to timely pay the rent, notwithstanding any other actions that LESSOR could institute, LESSEE shall pay compensatory interest and penalty interest equal to 2% (two percent) per month on the amount owed to LESSOR during the delinquency period. Default payment shall, in any event, occur as a result of the mere lapse of time, without any court or out-of-court demand notice being necessary.


9. RETURN OF THE PREMISES

Upon termination of this Agreement, LESSEE undertakes to return the PREMISES which are the subject matter hereof without any court or out-of-court demand notice being necessary, and with all taxes, assessments and services payable by it duly paid, clean and in good state of repair, except for normal deterioration caused by the ordinary wear and tear. Delivery of the premises shall be evidenced by means of a written document issued by a representative of LESSOR. LESSOR shall give LESSEE a 15-day written notice prior to the expiration of the term of the lease to inform to whom such delivery shall be made, and who shall perform a general inspection of the leased premises together with LESSEE in order to verify their condition. For such purpose, a record shall be prepared detailing the state of repair of the PREMISES and describing whether there are any damages or missing items. LESSEE shall repair any such damages or pay any missing items, except for the ordinary wear and tear resulting from the appropriate use of the premises and the lapse of time. Upon expiration of the lease term, the fixed improvements made by LESSEE shall remain with the premises for the benefit of the LESSOR, unless these can be withdrawn from the PREMISES without causing damages or modifications that may alter the original condition of the received property, and this shall be under the charge of LESSEE. In the event LESSEE fails to return the PREMISES, it shall pay, in addition to the monthly rent amount, 1/30 part of the monthly rent amount for each day of delay as penalty, and actual damages.

10. TERMINATION

The breach by one party of any of its obligations under this Agreement shall entitle the other to terminate this agreement, provided prior notice is given demanding compliance or that the breach be cured within no more than fifteen (15) days. Upon expiration of this period, and should non-compliance continue, the non-breaching party shall consider the agreement automatically terminated by the breaching party.

11. CONDOMINIUM, ADMINISTRATION BYLAWS AND INTERNAL BYLAWS.

LESSOR shall deliver to LESSEE the condominium and administration bylaws and the internal bylaws for information and compliance purposes. Temporarily, until those bylaws become effective, the rules related to the operation and aesthetics of the Building, which are attached hereto as Annex II and are an integral part hereof, shall apply.

12. FORCE MAJEURE, ENTIRE AGREEMENT, AMENDMENTS

Acts of God and force majeure events shall be governed by sections 513 and 514 of the Argentine Civil Code in all aspects related to their nature, occurrence, characteristics and consequences. Should an event considered to be an act of God or a force majeure event in


accordance with the regulations in force occur, the party affected thereby shall notify the other of the occurrence of such event and of the means to be used to deal with such event within 48 (forty-eight) business hours, indicating the estimated period during which it shall not be able to comply with the contractual obligations affected by the event. This shall apply provided that notice is given within the stated term. This Agreement constitutes the entire and exclusive agreement of the PARTIES and supersedes any other previous agreement as well as all the oral or written proposals and any other communications between them which may have been sent prior to the execution of this Agreement (Section 1197 of the Argentine Civil Code). Any amendment to or extension of this Agreement shall be made in writing by mutual agreement of the Parties.

13. JURISDICTION. ADDRESSES

For all purposes, the PARTIES submit to the jurisdiction of the Civil Courts in and for the City of Buenos Aires (Capital Federal), and waive their right to resort to any other competent courts. To all pertinent effects, the PARTIES set their addresses at the ones set out above, where all court or out-of-court notices shall be deemed to have been validly given.

In witness whereof, the parties have executed this Agreement in two (2) counterparts, each of which shall be deemed to be an original and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument, in the City of Buenos Aires, on March 31, 2005.

[Signatures.]


ANNEX I

PANAMERICANA PLAZA BUILDING

MAINTENANCE EXPENSES DISTRIBUTION BASE

SURFACES (in sq m)

 

    

TOTAL

  

Elevator
and stairs

  

Hall

  

Bathroom

  

Air

Cond.
Room

  

OWN
SURFACE

1st Floor XXXX

   1,012.78    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    913.54

2nd Floor XXXX

                  913.54

3rd Floor XXXX

   1,012.78    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    913.54

4th Floor XXXX

                  736.78

4th Floor XXXX

                  176.76

5th Floor XXXX

   1,012.78    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    913.54

6th Floor XXXX

   1,012.78    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    913.54

7th Floor XXXX

   1,012.78    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    913.54

8th Floor Mercado Libre

   1,012.78    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    913.54

9th A Floor XXXX

   506.39    -44.87    -10.69    1.74    4.20    456.77

9th B Floor XXXX

   506.39    -44.87    -10.69    1.74    4.20    456.77

10th Floor XXXX

   1,012.78    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    913.54

11th Floor XXXX

   998.16    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    898.92

12th Floor XXXX

   920.48    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    921.24

13th Floor XXXX

   897.08    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    797.84

14th Floor XXXX

   812.28    -89.74    -21.39    3.47    8.40    713.04

First basement (SADESA)

                  65.00

Living (SADESA)

                  33.62

Minibank XXXX

                  58.12

Storage Room 2 (SADESA)

                  28.00

Storage Room 3

                  60.00

Storage Room 4

                  30.00

Storage Room 6

                  22.00
         Sub-total sq m building    12,663.13

Parking Space 1st basement

   Amount 72                  914.75

Parking Space 2nd basement

   Amount 100                1,282.53

Parking Space 3rd basement

   Amount 74                  927.30
         Sub-total sq m garages    3,124.58
               
         TOTAL own sq m    15,787.71
               


Parking Spaces

  

Surf. own sq m

   3,124.58

Amount

   246

Average surface each

   12.70

 

Distribution:    $    Sq m    Diff.    $/sq m

1) Common expenses Parking Spaces and Building

      15,787.71      
             

2) Building’s expenses

      12,663.13      
             

 

Government of the City of Buenos Aires ( A.B.L. )

  

Pursuant to the individual calculation issued by the

Government of the City of Buenos Aires

 

TOTAL MONTHLY MAINTENANCE EXPENSES:

  

sq m of the Building * (2 + 4) + sq m of parking

spaces * (1+3)

 

    

Sq m

  

Expenses $/sq m

  

Subtotal

  

A.B.L.

  

TOTAL

9 A Floor

   456.77    XXX    XXX    XXX    XXX
                

Parking Spaces (5)

   63.50    XXX    XXX    XXX    XXX
                  

Total per month

               XXX
                


APPENDIX II TO PANAMERICANA PLAZA BUILDING LEASE AGREEMENT

Lessee agrees to the conditions contained herein and to have them complied with by its personnel and visitors.

HOURS AND USE OF THE BUILDING

The authorized hours for entry into and exit out of the building are from EIGHT AM (8:00 am) to EIGHT PM (8:00 pm) on MONDAYS through FRIDAYS, and from EIGHT AM (8:00 am) to ONE PM (1:00 pm) on SATURDAYS. Within these hours, the offices and the garage shall be available for entry and exit by the lessees, their permanent personnel and visitors. Outside those hours, only those duly authorized by LESSEE may enter and exit the premises. Lessee agrees to notify the building manager in writing of the names and Argentine ID numbers of the permanent personnel who, under Lessee’s responsibility, are authorized to enter the building, stating whether they are allowed to enter the building only within the established hours or whether they may also do so outside those hours.

The central services of the building shall be provided on Mondays through Fridays from 8 am to 8 pm. Lessee may require that this time period be extended at its own expense.

Every visitor entering the building shall identify themselves to the security personnel, who will hand over a magnetic card indicating which floor they can access. The magnetic card shall be returned upon exit.

Those entering the building shall only access the floor they were authorized to enter and, from time to time, they may access the garage, the warehouses, the dining hall and other common areas of the premises provided they are accompanied by lessee’s permanent personnel. It is prohibited, even for the lessees and their permanent personnel, to access the machinery room, flat or terrace roofs or any other rooms with engines and/or machinery for the operation of the central services.

LESSEE shall have the right to access common areas where LESSEE keeps its own installations, provided prior notice is given to: LESSOR / MANAGER / COMPANY IN CHARGE OF THE BUILDING’S MAINTENANCE.

SECURITY

The building has security personnel in charge of controlling the entry and exit of people and/or objects and overseeing the common areas and the garage. Permanent personnel and visitors shall identify themselves and show the contents of briefcases, handbags, packages or any objects they carry or bring inside vehicles, whenever so required, and shall comply with the requirements of the building’s security personnel.


CLEANING

The building has personnel for the cleaning of the common areas of the premises and the exterior of windows.

FAÇADE AND LIGHTING

Lessees shall not modify the façade of the building or paint or modify the ceiling, walls or lining of the exterior of the building or which otherwise constitute common areas of the premises, such as elevator halls. No modifications or new installations shall be made with respect to the inner lighting of the floors which cause changes in the exterior of the building when lit up. In the exterior windows, with LESSOR’s prior authorization, only Venetian Mini-line model blinds, with (16) sixteen-millimeter slats, color aluminum 7010 shall be installed.

The interior divisions shall be made with dry materials only, subject to all applicable legal provisions.

SAFETY AND HYGIENE

Lessees shall comply with the safety and hygiene rules established by the applicable legal provisions. Within the leased unit, in accordance with such safety rules and subject to the internal divisions made, they shall install the fire fighting and smoke detection equipment of each floor. They shall not store cleaning equipment or any other objects in the halls.

No flammables shall enter the building and no waste, fluids or objects shall be flushed down the sanitary sewer system which may affect the pipes or cause obstructions.

ATM

The building has a “Banelco” ATM service that may be used by any of the persons authorized to enter the building; the cost of this service is included in the building’s maintenance costs.

DINING HALL

The dining hall, authorized by the owner to operate within the premises, may be used by lessee’s permanent personnel or any other person authorized by lessee. The dining service is provided by a company independent from the building’s owner and manager. Therefore, lessee shall agree with the dining service personnel on the use of the dining hall and the hours of service provision. It is expressly prohibited to prepare meals in the leased floors.

GYMNASIUM

The building has a gymnasium, whose operation cost is the responsibility of the lessees and is included in the building’s common maintenance costs. The gymnasium shall be exclusively used by building occupants and is operated by professionals.


GARAGE

The garage of the building shall be solely used for parking cars, station wagons and pick-up trucks. Lessee shall notify the Manager in writing of the names and Argentine ID numbers of the persons authorized to use the garage. The garage shall be used at the users’ sole expense and risk. Any damage suffered by the vehicles, and the theft of the vehicles or their contents shall be users’ responsibility.

BUILDING PERSONNEL AND MANAGER

The building personnel, including cleaning and security personnel, shall receive instructions or orders only from the Manager; it is prohibited for the lessees and/or their personnel to use the building personnel’s services for private activities, tasks or services.

The lessees shall notify the Manager in writing of any claims or complaints in connection with building objects or services, and shall notify the Manager immediately of any damage or problems within the leased premises and allow the entrance to the relevant people for the repair of the common areas of the premises.

INSTALLATION OF RADIOS AND OTHER DEVICES

The use of radios or other communication devices which require the installation of antennas in the building shall be previously authorized in writing by CURTIDOS SAN LUIS S.A.

[Signatures]

For the purposes of the authentication of signatures, we do hereby ratify this Lease Agreement and Appendixes, consisting of eight pages. Buenos Aires, June 27, 2005.

[Signatures]

Signature(s) authenticated on page No. T390055. Buenos Aires, 06/27/2005.

 

ANNEX    000390055

June 27, 2005.

[Illegible]

1) Nicolas Carlos SZEKASY, holder of Argentine ID number 17,363,052, 2) Hernan Jorge KAZAH, holder of Argentine ID number 21,850,737, claiming to act on behalf of the company with offices in this City, which operates under the name “MERCADO LIBRE SOCIEDAD ANONIMA”, registered with the Business Organizations Regulatory Agency on 07/29/1999, under No. 10800, Book 5 of Corporations, as evidenced by the General Power of Attorney granting Administration and Disposition Powers dated 12/17/2003, recorded on page 2772 of Notarial Registry 841 of this city, which I have had before me, and which grants them sufficient powers to


perform this act. – 3) Dante Aldo PRATI, holder of Argentine ID number 12,954,501 and 4) Julio Alberto BOZZELLI, holder of Argentine ID number 5,222,282, claiming to act on behalf of the company with offices in the Province of San Luis, which operates under the name “CURTIDOS SAN LUIS S.A.”, registered with the Registrar of Companies of the Province of San Luis on September 25, 1986, in Book 31, on Page 27, under number 5, as evidenced by the Special Power of Attorney granted before me, to which I refer, whereby sufficient powers are granted to perform this act. – This act is for the RATIFICATION OF THE LEASE AGREEMENT, executed in two counterparts of four pages and two appendixes each , making a total of eight pages. This appendix corresponds to page F 1728027. – This document is issued at the request of the undersigned for its submission to the relevant authorities. [Handwritten:] A total of eight pages”. [Signature]

[Seal on all pages of the agreement:] Miguel Angel Saravi (h). Notary Public. License No. 2495.

[Signature]

EXHIBIT 10.05

CONCESSION CONTRACT

BORDER’S PARKING S.R.L. , represented herein by Mr. Norberto Jasin and Israel Sutton Dabbah, acting in their capacity as manager partners, with offices at Tierras ganadas al Río de la Plata [Land reclaimed from Río de la Plata], in front of the intersection of Avenida Rafael Obligado and Jerónimo Salguero sin número , City of Buenos Aires, ( “THE GRANTOR”) and MercadoLibre S.A., represented herein by Mr. Marcos Galperín, acting in his capacity as Legal Representative, as evidenced by Minutes No. 14 of the Shareholder’s Meetings and Minutes No. 57 of the Board of Directors Meeting, setting his address for the purposes herein at Tronador 4890, piso 8, City of Buenos Aires ( “THE CONCESSIONAIRE” and jointly “THE PARTIES”) hereby agree on the following terms and conditions:

I. Background:

1.1. THE GRANTOR hereby states and guarantees that it has been granted a concession for the operation of the parking lots, retail units, warehouses and offices located in different sectors of the plot of land located in the lands reclaimed from the Río de la Plata in front of the intersection of Avenida Costanera Rafael Obligado and Jerónimo Salguero, to the West end of the Buenos Aires Harbor Dock “F” (“ COSTA SALGUERO” or “THE LOT”) . GRANTOR’S right over THE LOT was granted by the concession contract executed between GRANTOR and TELEMETRIX S.A. ( “CONCESSION HOLDER”) , company holding the Concession for Use and Occupancy granted by the Argentine state-owned company entrusted with the Administration of Argentine Harbors (“ AGP”) over THE LOT on August 25, 1998, for a term expiring on April 2021 ( “THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT”) , concession which was subsequently ratified by Law No. 25346.

1.2. COSTA SALGUERO is composed of real and personal property, tangible and intangible, used to optimize the sports and business activities performed there, complying with all the rules governing the concession duly granted to the CONCESSION HOLDER, authorizing the use of the LOT, the provisions of THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT and the applicable federal, local and regulatory rules. The purpose of COSTA SALGUERO is to concentrate in one single place as much sport and business activities as possible by gathering and organizing different endeavors so that the general public may choose and acquire goods and services offered, with the expected customer service and service quality standards, at competitive prices and with the efficiency necessary to guarantee COSTA SALGUERO’s success.

1.3. THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby acknowledges and accepts THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT’s terms and conditions, and therefore, agrees to comply with them with respect to the business operation it will conduct under the provisions set forth in Section 3.4. and Sections 4, 10 and 17 of the ORIGINAL CONTRACT and its annexes, documents whose copies after being signed by the PARTIES are attached hereto as Annex 1.

1.4. THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby especially acknowledges and accepts annexes A and C of the ORIGINAL CONTRACT, that is: Annex A: Use Permit, dated December 29, 1988, executed by THE CONCESSION HOLDER, in its capacity as concessionaire, and AGP, in its capacity as grantor; and AGP Resolution No. 025/92; and Annex C: COSTA SALGUERO Internal Rules, with all the legal effects arising therefrom. Further, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall comply not only with the basic conditions of any concession contract, but with some operating rules as well, which is essential for THE CONCESSION HOLDER, THE CONCESSIONAIRE, THE GRANTOR and COSTA SALGUERO.

 

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1.5. In view of the project’s purposes and the number of offices, parking lots, retail units and warehouses operated by THE GRANTOR within COSTA SALGUERO, THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby acknowledges that in furtherance of such purposes it is essential that the provisions set forth herein be complied with, and further expressly agrees to the CONCESSION HOLDER’s directions and management of COSTA SALGUERO from the date on which it enters the premises, including any changes to the blueprints, updates in business activities’ distribution and future projects for the expansion and growth of COSTA SALGUERO.

1.6. THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby acknowledges to be aware of the global and specific purposes and the operation of a center such as COSTA SALGUERO. Therefore, and notwithstanding any document that may be executed in relation to this concession and the obligations and duties arising therefrom, in furtherance of the purpose set forth above, THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby agrees to adapt the activities to be conducted in the area within which it shall be authorized to operate its offices. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall be held liable for its own conduct and the actions of its employees, staff and suppliers. Likewise, CONCESSIONAIRE agrees to comply with the rules now in force or which shall become effective in the future, and whose aim is to meet the purposes of COSTA SALGUERO and the sector, where the offices are located (“SALGUERO PARK”), whose operation has been authorized through a sub-concession granted to THE GRANTOR.

1.7. THE GRANTOR further states and guarantees that, pursuant to the provisions set forth in Section 1.1. hereof and the express authorization granted by the THE CONCESSION HOLDER under the ORIGINAL CONTRACT (Section 3.3), authorizing THE GRANTOR to execute such agreements with third parties as may be necessary for the operation of the above business activities, it has decided to enter into this agreement with THE CONCESSIONARIE, subject to the following terms and conditions.

II. GRANTOR’s Reserve of rights and Representations:

2.1 THE GRANTOR reserves its irrevocable right to appoint the manager of “SALGUERO PARK”, a sector which comprises the retail units, offices and parking lots operated by THE GRANTOR in COSTA SALGUERO. The management of SALGUERO PARK shall be conducted at the sole discretion of GRANTOR, who may perform such management tasks either directly through its own staff or through third parties hired for that purpose.

2.2 THE GRANTOR further reserves its right to expand the construction project, within the scope of authority granted by the CONCESSION HOLDER, condition which is hereby acknowledged and accepted by THE CONCESSIONAIRE.

2.3 THE CONCESSIONAIRE may not claim damages for loss of profits in any legal actions commenced in relation to the construction, refurbishment and/or expansion of COSTA SALGUERO Center, provided always that such tasks do not hinder the usual course of the activities carried out within the area granted for that purpose.

2.4 The person entrusted with the administration of SALGUERO PARK (“the MANAGER”) shall be acting on account of and on behalf of THE GRANTOR, for the purposes arising herefrom.

 

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2.5 The MANAGER and/or THE GRANTOR shall amend the supplementary general rules and the Internal Rules of SALGUERO PARK inside COSTA SALGUERO, rules which shall be binding on THE CONCESSIONAIRE and any of its employees, agents, constructors, representatives and suppliers who might be working in COSTA SALGUERO. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall be deemed duly notified of such amendments upon proper notice served either by THE GRANTOR and/or the MANAGER. In no case shall such amendments be deemed an amendment to the essential parts of this concession contract. THE CONCESSIONAIRE’s failure to comply with any of the essential obligations set forth in the governing rules within COSTA SALGUERO, and provided that no remedy has been provided for herein, shall amount to a ground for termination hereof. Should such amendments substantially alter supplementary general rules and Internal Rules in their essential parts, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall be entitled to terminate this Concession Contract without penalty.

2.6 THE GRANTOR hereby states and guarantees to THE CONCESSIONAIRE as of the date of execution hereof the following:

a) THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT has been legally executed and the contracting parties have met all corporate and administrative requirements set forth by the applicable legislation then in force.

b) THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT is a valid agreement binding on the parties and it is still in progress.

c) THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT grants THE GRANTOR the right to validly execute this Concession Contract.

d) This Concession Contract neither breaches nor contradicts any of the ORIGINAL CONTRACT’s terms and conditions.

e) THE GRANTOR has never breached any of its duties under the ORIGINAL CONTRACT.

f) THE GRANTOR’s right to execute this agreement has never been challenged.

g) The agreement between THE CONCESSION HOLDER and AGP has been validly executed. The contracting parties have met all corporate and administrative requirements set forth by the applicable legislation in force.

h) The agreement between THE CONCESSION HOLDER and AGP is a valid agreement binding on the parties and it is still in progress.

i) The agreement between THE CONCESSION HOLDER and AGP grants THE CONCESSION HOLDER the right to validly execute the ORIGINAL CONTRACT.

j) THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT neither breaches nor contradicts any of the terms and conditions set forth by the agreement executed by THE CONCESSION HOLDER and AGP.

k) Title Ownership to the LOT has been transferred to the City of Buenos Aires pursuant to the provisions set forth in Law No. 25436. Section 3 of such Law especially sets that all contractual clauses, terms and requirements for the concession for use set forth by AGP Resolutions No. 230/91 and 025-92, shall be held valid and, therefore, the ORIGINAL CONTRACT remains in full force and effect.

2.7 If for any reason not attributable to THE GRANTOR the concession to be granted by CONCESSION HOLDER is terminated and, consequently, this concession contract terminates, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall not be entitled to claim damages, seek any other type of remedy, nor commence legal actions against THE GRANTOR for damages or loss of profit.

 

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Notwithstanding the above, if THE GRANTOR is paid damages of any nature by the Government of the City of Buenos Aires for the investments made by THE CONCESSIONAIRE, THE GRANTOR hereby transfers to THE CONCESSIONAIRE all the rights and remedies available which may be exercised against the Government of the City of Buenos Aires, in its capacity as holder of the works and improvements made to THE OFFICE on account of and on behalf of THE CONCESSIONAIRE, exclusively regarding claims and/or either court, out-of-court or administrative legal procedures intending to fix the amount of damages and collect damages, as mentioned above.

III. Annexes :

 

3.1. The following documents are attached hereto: a) THE ORIGINAL CONTRACT together with its five annexes is attached hereto as Annex 1 ; b) Annex 2: the sketch of the location and surface of the area covered under the concession granted herein; c) Supplementary General Rules and SALGUERO PARK Internal Rules, which are attached hereto as Annex 3 ; d) Annex 4: Works conducted by CONCESSIONAIRE; e) Annex 5 Setting and Decoration Work plan for THE OFFICE.

 

3.2. THE PARTIES hereby agree to sign the Supplementary General Rules and the Salguero Park Internal Rules, which shall be attached hereto as Annex 3, within 30 days from the date of execution hereof. THE PARTIES further state that within 15 days following the date of execution hereof, they shall subscribe Annex 5, provided that such final work plan has been approved by THE GRANTOR. THE CONCESSIONAIRE may not turn down such project for no reasonable cause.

 

3.3. Every written document which is made a part of this agreement which refers to the “MANAGER” shall be deemed to be referring indistinctively to THE GRANTOR and/or THE MANAGER, and vice versa.

IV. Subject matter of the CONCESSION :

4.1. In view of the conditions above, THE GRANTOR hereby grants to THE CONCESSIONAIRE who, in turn, accepts, the concession granting the exclusive right to use and enjoy the area located in the first floor of the building constructed by THE GRANTOR in SALGUERO PARK, part of COSTA SALGUERO, within the boundaries set by the sketches attached hereto as Annex 2, with an approximate surface of 1,740 m2 (one thousand, seven hundred and forty square meters) (“THE OFFICE”). The office activities subject to authorization shall comprise the following: customer service and any other administrative or business activities and related tasks. The Concession Contract also provides for the exclusive use and enjoyment of seventeen (17) indefinite parking lots, located in Salguero Park.

4.2. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall operate the concession granted hereby under its corporate name MercadoLibre.

4.3. In no case shall THE CONCESSIONAIRE change, without the GRANTOR’s prior express authorization, the subject-matter of the concession by introducing new products, services and/or activities different from those listed in Section 4.1. hereof, nor amend the corporate name set in Section 4.2. above.

 

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4.4. The PARTIES expressly acknowledge that no contract term of this concession contract or its annexes may be interpreted as a restriction to the right granted to THE GRANTOR to execute other concession contracts with third parties, for the same or similar purposes, as no exclusive right has been granted upon THE CONCESSIONAIRE, except for the areas covered by the concession granted to THE CONCESSIONAIRE.

V. Granted area

5.1. The GRANTOR hereby temporarily grants THE OFFICE to the CONCESSIONAIRE in good conditions, with all windows and finishing works with the consent of THE CONCESSIONAIRE. Moreover, the GRANTOR agrees, upon transferring possession, to deliver THE OFFICE with: (i) air conditioning equipment pursuant to the technical conditions set forth in annex 4; and (ii) technical floor (“the Technical Floor”), all these duly installed and functioning, as agreed with the GRANTOR and set forth in Annex 4. The CONCESSIONAIRE shall purchase and install the ducts and perform the finishing works which allow to distribute the air conditioning inside THE OFFICE. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall perform all decoration and interior design works of THE OFFICE as provided for herein and in Annex 5 .

5.2. All improvements made by THE CONCESSIONAIRE to THE OFFICE during the life of this agreement shall benefit THE GRANTOR, except for movables owned by THE CONCESSIONAIRE which may be removed by THE CONCESSIONAIRE at its own expense. However, in all cases THE CONCESSIONAIRE may choose to remove all improvements and return THE OFFICE as received, except for ceilings and the air conditioning system which will become a fixture.

VI. Term:

6.1. The concession shall remain in full force and effect for 5 (five) years from February 1, 2007, therefore, the contract shall expire on January 31, 2012. However, the CONCESSIONAIRE shall receive the OFFICE on February 26, 2007, when THE PARTIES shall duly record such delivery.

6.2. Notwithstanding the above, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall perform certain works in THE OFFICE, as detailed in annex 4 hereto. Therefore, THE GRANTOR gives THE CONCESSIONAIRE a 4 (four)-month grace period running from February 1, 2007 to May 31, 2007 during which THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall not be bound to pay the monthly fee set in chapter VII hereof.

6.3. Upon termination of the Concession, as a result of either the expiration of the contract term or early termination, the CONCESSIONAIRE agrees to cease its activities and return THE OFFICE to the GRANTOR, as set forth in chapter XVII hereof. Should the CONCESSIONARE continue exploiting the concession after its expiration or rescission, this shall not be construed as an implicit extension or automatic renewal.

6.4. Delay by the CONCESSIONAIRE to return the OFFICE shall be automatic and a sanction equal to twice the concession price in force at the time of the delay shall be imposed for each day of delay, applied prorating time .

 

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VII. Concession Price:

7.1. The PARTIES agree that the basic monthly price of the concession (“The Monthly Fee”) shall be paid by THE CONCESSIONAIRE to the GRANTOR in increasing payments for the different periods of this agreement, as detailed below:

i. During the first twelve months of the contract term, that is, from February 1, 2007 to January 31, 2008 (months 1 to 12), as the case may be, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay a basic monthly price amounting to US$ 22,620 (twenty two thousand six hundred and twenty US dollars) per month plus VAT. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay in advance, upon execution of this agreement, the monthly fee of the month running from June 1, 2007 to June 30, 2007 amounting to US$ 22,620 (twenty two thousand six hundred and twenty US dollars). With respect to the previous periods, the GRANTOR has given a grace period during which the CONCESSIONAIRE will be exempt from paying the fee.

ii. During the 13th and 24th months of the concession, that is, from February 2008 to January 2009 (months 13 to 24), as the case may be, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay a MONTHLY FEE of US$ 24,882 (twenty-four thousand eight hundred and eighty-two US dollars) per month plus VAT.

iii. During the 25th and 36th months of the concession, that is, from February 1, 2009 and January 31, 2010 (months 25 to 36), as the case may be, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay a MONTHLY FEE of US$ 27,370 (twenty-seven thousand three hundred and seventy US dollars) per month plus VAT.

iv. During the 37th and 48th months of the concession, that is, from February 1, 2010 to January 31, 2011 (months 37 to 48), as the case may be, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay a MONTHLY FEE of US$ 30,107 (thirty thousand one hundred and seven US dollars) per month plus VAT.

v. During the 49th and 60th months of the concession, that is, from February 1, 2011 to January 31, 2012 (months 49 to 60), as the case may be, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay a MONTHLY FEE of US$ 33,118 (thirty-three thousand one hundred and eighteen US dollars) per month plus VAT.

Together with the MONTHLY FEE, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay the value added tax, and/or any other existing or future national tax, or a tax imposed by the government of the City of Buenos Aires, including those which supplement and/or replace the Value Added Tax, which in accordance with the relevant laws must be paid by the CONCESSIONAIRE, pursuant to the applicable tax base.

7.2. It is hereby stated that as of the date of execution hereof, the value of the US dollar, bid price, informed by the Central Bank amounts to AR$ 3.09. If, for any reason, the US dollar value increases or decreases by 40 % (forty per cent) or more, any of the PARTIES may request the other PARTY, in writing, that the price of the Monthly Fee be reviewed, following the good faith principle and taking into account when performing such review, the market values in force at the time. If the PARTIES fail to reach an agreement on the new Monthly Fee, for any reason, they shall request non-binding reports from three real estate agents of the area in which the premises subject to this agreement are located to obtain the market price in force; one of the real estate agents shall be chosen by the CONCESSIONAIRE, another by the GRANTOR, and the third shall be jointly selected by the PARTIES.

 

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If such real estate agents provide different values, an average value between the three shall be taken as reference, but it shall not be binding upon the parties.

If the PARTIES still fail to reach an agreement on the Monthly Fee, any of the PARTIES may terminate this agreement by serving written notice to the other PARTY at least 60 days in advance. During those 60 days the same Monthly Fee shall remain in force, the other PARTY not being entitled to claim any compensation for early termination.

7.3. All amounts which, in accordance with this agreement or its annexes, are to be paid by THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall be subject to the legal system applicable to the concession price, especially with respect to the judicial and other effects resulting from lack of payment thereof. Such amounts include, but are not limited to, the municipal tax ( ABL ), water services, maintenance and safety of THE OFFICE and all facilities, reimbursements for direct expenses and other services, among others.

7.4. The only document that shall be admitted as evidence of payment of the MONTHLY FEE and other obligations of THE CONCESSIONAIRE is the duly paid receipt issued by THE GRANTOR, the MANAGER, or the Bank involved, as the case may be. The receipt of payment for one period shall not evidence payment of previous periods. The issuance of a receipt with no special clarifications shall not imply the waiver to receive payment of the relevant fines, interest, and charges for delay, expenses, and costs.

7.5. If the keys to THE OFFICE are deposited in court, the obligation to pay the MONTHLY FEE shall remain in force until the date on which the CONCESSIONAIRE delivers the keys to the relevant court, as well as all fines and payments to be made by the CONCESSIONAIRE, notwithstanding the GRANTOR’s right to claim and receive compensation for any direct damage caused, if applicable.

7.6. Failure to pay the MONTHLY FEE for two (2) periods shall entitle the GRANTOR, after requesting the CONCESSIONAIRE to make such payments within ten (10) business days, to deem this Agreement terminated, and therefore claim the restitution of THE OFFICE within the following forty-eight (48) hours, the payment of any amounts owed for any reason, plus interest and expenses, either by filing ordinary or summary proceedings at its own discretion, as well as compensation for any direct damage sustained.

7.7. The PARTIES hereby acknowledge that the value of the concession does not include any expenses of any kind, common maintenance fees, charges, and services related to THE OFFICE. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall bear, at its own cost, all expenses, common maintenance fees, charges, and services as provided for in section EIGHT hereof. It is hereby expressly stated that all extraordinary maintenance fees shall be borne by the GRANTOR.

7.8. The agreed concession price as well as any other amounts to be paid by THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall be paid each month in advance, within the first five days of each month at the address of THE GRANTOR located in Tierras ganadas al Río de la Plata , across the intersection between Avenida Rafael Obligado and Jerónimo Salguero sin número in the City of Buenos Aires or wherever THE GRANTOR states in the future, serving duly notice upon the CONCESSIONAIRE, provided it is within the City of Buenos Aires.

 

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VIII. Expenses and Maintenance Fees:

8.1. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay to the GRANTOR in and for common expenses and fees – outer and inner safety, cleaning of windows, common areas, and the pavement, maintenance of elevators and common areas - with respect to THE OFFICE the amount of AR$ 7.50 (seven Argentine pesos and fifty cents) per square meter each month (plus any cost adjustment which modifies this value or which increases it as a result of inflation, etc) or else, if THE CONCESSIONAIRE reaches a written agreement with the other concessionaires, THE CONCESSIONAIRE may be in charge, together with the other concessionaires, of the inner safety, the cleaning of windows and common areas, doorman, maintenance of elevators and of the common areas allocated to THE CONCESSIONAIRE; in this case, THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall not pay to the GRANTOR the amount above, except for the amount to be fixed necessary to cover outer cleaning and safety. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall bear, at its own expense and without limitation, all maintenance and safety expenses related to the granted area and its surroundings.

8.2. The PARTIES understand that the percentage to be fixed as set forth in the previous paragraph has nothing to do with the potential amounts that may be applicable to THE OFFICE if the premises become a condominium.

8.3. The direct expenses resulting from consumption in THE OFFICE, as well as those from which THE CONCESSIONAIRE is benefited, shall be borne by THE CONCESSIONAIRE.

IX. Taxes, charges, and contributions. Public Services

9.1. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall pay the Street Lighting, Sweeping and Cleaning Tax (ABL), Pavement and Sidewalks, and Land Tax; water services from Aguas Argentinas, and all taxes, charges, and contributions related to THE OFFICE, as well as any other tax, charge and/or contribution of any nature which may be applicable to its decoration and setting up by the CONCESSIONAIRE, those which apply to its business activity pursuant to the use of the premises agreed upon herein, always prorated with respect to the granted area. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall also bear, at its own expense, all amounts resulting from gas, electricity, drinking water, and telephone services of THE OFFICE, as well as any other expense which benefits THE CONCESSIONAIRE exclusively. In addition, THE PARTIES hereby agree that if the tax stamp is applicable to this agreement, such tax shall be paid in equal shares by the Parties, that is, 50% shall be paid by the GRANTOR and the other 50% shall be paid by THE CONCESSIONAIRE.

9.2. The CONCESSIONAIRE cannot refuse to pay these amounts, or request that they be distributed among other parties alleging that those services indirectly benefit all or other concessionaires and/or persons which perform business activities within SALGUERO PARK and/or COSTA SALGUERO, whichever their capacity may be.

9.3. The PARTIES set forth that all items to be borne by THE CONCESSIONAIRE as expressly stated in chapters VII Concession Price, and IX Taxes, charges, etc are part of the MONHTLY FEE as the concession price and are therefore subject to the legal system of summary collection proceedings pursuant to sections 520, et seq ., and related sections of the National Code of Civil Procedure.

 

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9.4. THE CONCESSIONAIRE is hereby informed that the maximum electricity charge of THE OFFICE is 280 kva, and THE CONCESSIONAIRE agrees to observe such limit until it returns the office. THE GRANTOR may set a pre-paid electricity measuring and invoicing system pursuant to the methods and installations that will be timely disclosed to THE CONCESSIONAIRE.

X- Payments

10.1. The MONTHLY FEE shall always be denominated in US dollars, paid in such currency and in full. However, at THE GRANTOR’s discretion, the MONTHLY FEE may be paid in local currency taking as reference the dollar exchange rate, bid price, quoted by Banco de la Nación Argentina, whichever THE GRANTOR may choose. In all cases, the quote of the business day prior to the date of payment shall be considered. If, for any reason resulting from currency exchange or legal provisions, THE CONCESSIONAIRE cannot deliver US dollar notes to pay the MONTHLY FEE, it shall deliver, at THE GRANTOR’s discretion: a) the amount in pesos or the currency that may replace the Argentine peso in the future necessary to buy in the free currency exchange market of the City of Buenos Aires the relevant amount of US dollars at the bid price quoted by Banco de la Nación Argentina, at the Grantor’s choice; or b) the amount of Euros necessary to buy in the free currency exchange market of the city of Buenos Aires the relevant amount of US dollars.

10.2. If THE GRANTOR and/or THE MANAGER issue invoices, settlements, certificates, receipts or documents of any nature denominated or accrued by the CONCESSIONAIRE, or paid by THE CONCESSIONAIRE in local currency, both PARTIES hereby agree that under no circumstances shall that fact be construed as a change in the payment currency set forth in this agreement (UNITED STATES DOLLARS) nor as a waiver of or consent to such changes on the part of THE GRANTOR. Therefore, THE GRANTOR is empowered to re-express the amounts originally invoiced or documented in Argentine currency into US dollars, for collection purposes or to commence court or out-of-court proceedings. THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby expressly consents to such re calculation and waives any claim in that respect.

10.3. If THE CONCESSIONAIRE does not timely comply with the obligations undertaken herein, such obligations shall become automatically due and the consequences set forth in the relevant section shall take place, THE GRANTOR being able to terminate this Agreement if, after ten (10) business days following receipt by the CONCESSIONAIRE of the relevant request to comply, the breach has not been cured.

XI. Construction and decoration of THE OFFICE. Administrative authorizations or permits. Improvements. Works.

11.1. The CONCESSIONAIRE shall finish constructing, installing and decorating THE OFFICE in strict compliance with the rules in force and the technical specifications set forth by THE GRANTOR. The work plan is made an integral part hereof as Annex 5 , which THE GRANTOR hereby acknowledges to know and approve. THE GRANTOR shall install, at its own expense, the air conditioning equipment – the ducts and finishing works within THE OFFICE being at the exclusive expense of THE CONCESSIONAIRE – and the technical floor.

 

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11.2. The CONCESSIONAIRE agrees to take all necessary steps to obtain the necessary licenses, permits and/or authorizations of any nature to perform the activities in THE OFFICE pursuant to the use of the premises agreed upon herein, as well as the construction and decoration works of THE OFFICE. Thus, the PARTIES agree that all steps to obtain the relevant authorizations shall be exclusively taken by THE CONCESSIONAIRE, and their costs shall also be borne by THE CONCESSIONAIRE.

XII. Insurance:

12.1. THE CONCESSIONAIRE agrees to take out and keep in force, at its own expense, the insurance policies set forth below, whose effective term shall cover the entire Term of this Agreement. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall timely pay all premiums resulting from such policies and shall make available to THE GRANTOR and/or THE MANAGER copies of the certificates of such policies, together with the premium payment receipts, when requested and within forty-eight hours.

12.2. Comprehensive Third-Party Liability Insurance: THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby evidences to have taken out fire insurance plus third-party liability for adjacent premises in an amount of US$ 500,000 (five hundred thousand US dollars), plus comprehensive third-party liability insurance in an amount of US$ 200,000 (two hundred thousand US dollars). In addition, THE CONCESSIONAIRE must take out third-party liability insurance whose insured amount and coverage hold the insured harmless against any amount owed to third parties as a result of tort liability incurred while exercising its activity, as detailed in chapter IV. Such insurance must include coverage against the typical risks involved in the business carried out by THE CONCESSIONAIRE within THE OFFICE, as well as other risks such as fire, electrical discharge, and gas leaks; water boilers; cash in transit insurance if relevant to THE CONCESSIONAIRE’s activity; signs and/or similar objects; steam installations, hot water or oil, food supply (if necessary for its activity); drain damage; goods loading and unloading; Contractor and Subcontractor; Damage caused to adjacent premises, including damage caused by a leaking in the building.

12.3. Fire insurance. THE CONCESSIONAIRE must take out fire insurance whose insured amount must cover: fire, lightning and/or explosion; riots; lock-outs; other acts of vandalism, terrorism and/or malice; aircraft impact, land vehicles, their components and/or loads; supplemental building and installations.

12.4. All insurance policies shall include a cross provision under which coverage shall extend to each of the PARTIES included in the “insured”, “CONCESSIONAIRE and/or GRANTOR” denomination, as if a separate policy had been issued for each of them with annual or multi-annual effective terms until the end of the Concession Contract.

12.5. Compulsory Employer’s liability insurance and life insurance: THE CONCESSIONAIRE must take out Employer’s Liability Insurance ( ART ) and life insurance and keep such policies in force for as long as it hires employees to perform under this Contract.

12.6. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall take out insurance with highly renowned Insurance Companies in the market.

12.7. THE GRANTOR may, whenever it deems it necessary, request THE CONCESSIONAIRE to submit the relevant insurance certificates and premium payment receipts, which must be furnished by the CONCESSIONAIRE within the 72 business hours following such request.

 

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XIII. Delay. Consequences:

13.1. Delay in complying with the obligations hereunder shall be automatic and by operation of law upon expiration of the deadlines granted, with no need to serve notice on the defaulting party. The sanctions shall operate until the breach is cured.

13.2. With respect to obligations to pay sums of money, the sanction for failure to pay the MONTHLY FEE shall be the payment of interest at the highest rate charged by Banco de la Nación Argentina in its discount operations. This sanction shall apply on a daily basis, prorating time, until the breach is cured.

13.3. The non-defaulting party may refuse to collect any amounts owed which are not paid together with the sanctions and interest agreed upon, the defaulting party being thus bound to pay the amounts in full.

13.4. As provided for in Section 5.1, the GRANTOR shall deliver THE OFFICE with the relevant equipment on February 26, 2007. For each day of delay in such delivery, the grace period during which the Monthly Fee will not be charged shall be extended by one (1) day; delay in delivery of the OFFICE shall not exceed twenty (20) days, otherwise, the CONCESSIONAIRE may, at its own discretion, terminate the Contract with cause and no compensation for early termination shall be paid to THE GRANTOR.

13.5 Failure by any of the PARTIES to comply with the obligations set forth in any of the contract documents, notwithstanding any other rights held by the non-defaulting PARTY hereunder, shall entitle the latter to request in a court of law, through summary proceedings, that the breach be cured.

XIV. Termination :

14.1. It is hereby agreed that delay by THE CONCESSIONAIRE to comply with any of its substantial obligations shall entitle the GRANTOR to rescind this agreement if THE GRANTOR has requested compliance by the CONCESSIONAIRE with its obligations within ten (10) business days.

14.2. If the term above expires and the breach has not been cured, THE GRANTOR may deem this agreement automatically terminated by operation of law, being THE GRANTOR allowed to commence all court and out-of court proceedings available.

14.3. In addition, any of the PARTIES may terminate this agreement upon a declaration of bankruptcy against the other PARTY, or, in the case of the CONCESSIONAIRE, upon a declaration of bankruptcy by a bankruptcy court against THE CONCESSION HOLDER.

14.4. THE CONCESSIONAIRE may terminate the Agreement once the first six months in which the agreement was in force have elapsed and it shall duly notify so to the GRANTOR no later than sixty days before the date on which it shall return THE OFFICE (the “Option to Terminate”). If the CONCESSIONAIRE exercises its Option to Terminate during the first year of the life of this Contract, it shall pay the GRANTOR the amount equal to one Monthly Fee and a half at the time in which THE OFFICE is returned as liquidated damages, and only one monthly fee if such Option to Terminate is exercised after the first year.

 

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XV. Concessionaire’s additional obligations :

15.1. THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby releases THE GRANTOR from any liability resulting from a claim related to the wages, remuneration, social contributions of the staff hired by the CONCESSIONAIRE and compliance with all applicable retirement and employment laws. Therefore, THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby states to adequately comply with the applicable rules. In addition, all taxes, encumbrances, fees and fines that may be applicable to the business activity performed by the CONCESSIONAIRE in the OFFICE, or any penalty imposed for breaching the municipal rules and or regulations in force, shall be borne exclusively by the CONCESSIONAIRE, who shall be liable for all the obligations arising from the above.

15.2. No association or corporation of any nature is organized under this agreement nor has this agreement been executed for such purpose.

XVI. Restitution of THE OFFICE

16.1. The CONCESSIONAIRE acknowledges to know and accepts that the functioning of the SALGUERO PARK and COSTA SALGUERO complex of which the former is part requires – in furtherance not only of the interests of the CONCESSION HOLDER and the GRANTOR but also of all the sub-concessionaires and interested third parties – the constant and simultaneous performance of all its activities as set forth in section one hereof, on the days and at the hours to be determined in the Internal Rules. Therefore, the CONCESSIONAIRE also acknowledges that for such purpose it is necessary to go through the fastest court and out-of-court proceedings available which allow the Grantor to obtain the immediate restitution of the different areas of COSTA SALGUERO upon termination of each concession contract.

16.2. Therefore, the PARTIES understand that within the twelve months prior to the expiration of the concession term, THE GRANTOR may request the CONCESSIONAIRE to sign an agreement to vacate THE OFFICE on the expiration date, which may be presented by any of the parties for court approval. If the CONCESSIONAIRE refuses to sign such agreement, the GRANTOR shall be entitled to appear before the court having competent jurisdiction and request the court to order that the OFFICE be returned to the GRANTOR on the expiration date, that is, the GRANTOR shall request for a future sentence, pursuant to section 688 of the National Code of Civil Procedure. All court costs shall be borne by the GRANTOR if the CONCESSIONAIRE timely and duly returns the premises on the date and in the terms set forth in this agreement. Otherwise, if the CONCESSIONAIRE is ordered to return the premises, the court costs, and the costs of executing the court’s order, shall be exclusively borne by THE CONCESSIONAIRE.

Moreover, the CONCESSIONAIRE irrevocable acknowledges that the Grantor has the power to recover THE OFFICE at the end of the concession, either upon expiration of the concession term or early termination, subject to the following rules:

16.3. At the end of the concession, either upon expiration of the concession term agreed upon herein or upon rescission, the CONCESSIOAIRE agrees to immediately cease performing its activity and close the OFFICE. THE OFFICE shall be returned free from movable installations of any kind previously introduced by THE CONCESSIONAIRE and in the same conditions in which it was received or with the structural improvements which, in accordance with section FIVE hereof, will remain in the property for the benefit of the premises and/or THE GRANTOR.

 

12


Delay in the return of THE OFFICE shall result in the imposition of the sanction set forth in section 6.4 hereof.

16.4 If at the end of this agreement, THE GRANTOR is not available to receive THE OFFICE, THE CONCESSIONAIRE may return it through a Notary Public who will immediately notify the GRANTOR that THE OFFICE is at its disposal. From the date on which such notice is given, the MONTHLY FEE and other money obligations of THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall no longer be effective, notwithstanding all other rights and obligations of THE PARTIES.

XVII. CONCESSION GUARANTEES. PERFORMANCE BOND AND SECURITY DEPOSIT.

17.1. THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall furnish to the GRANTOR within seven (7) calendar days from execution hereof the Performance Bond issued by Seguro de Caución de Fianzas y Créditos S.A . which guarantees the first twelve months of the contract and which shall be inexcusably renewed during the month prior to the expiration of each contract year, at the satisfaction of the GRANTOR as provided for below.

Seguro de Caución de Fianzas y Créditos S.A. , with offices in                              of the City of Buenos Aires, issued under No. ***** , in an amount of US$ 271,440 (two hundred seventy-one thousand four hundred and forty US dollars) effective from the 00.00 hours of 02/…/2007 until the 00.00 hours of                      , duly endorsed in favor of the GRANTOR. Both parties agree that THE CONCESSIONAIRE shall furnish to the GRANTOR, one month prior to the expiration of the performance bond, another bond issued by the same company with the same scope and express waiver to court claims, or else propose another performance bond of identical characteristics issued by a renowned company in the insurance market, previously accepted in writing by THE GRANTOR at its satisfaction for an insured amount equal to the amount of the concession less the fees already collected by the GRANTOR. The same procedure shall apply every twelve months throughout the life of this agreement, until the last performance bond is furnished which will be effective until expiration of the contract term. All bonds shall be issued by a prestigious Insurance Company, which is accepted by the GRANTOR, and endorsed in favor of THE GRANTOR, an obligation that must be fulfilled by THE CONCESSIONAIRE one month prior to the expiration of the bond. Failure to comply with any of the obligations undertaken herein by the CONCESSIONAIRE, or partial compliance, shall immediately enable the GRANTOR, with no need to serve any notice upon THE CONCESSIONAIRE, to automatically impose upon the TENANT a daily fine of US$ 500 (five hundred US dollars) from the date on which THE CONCESSIONAIRE failed to comply with the obligation until such failure ceases to exist, notwithstanding the power of THE GRANTOR to terminate this agreement for lack of the proper coverage expressly agreed upon.

17.2. THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby gives the GRANTOR the amount of US$ 45,240 (forty-five thousand two hundred and forty US Dollars) as security deposit, this agreement been sufficient acknowledgement of receipt. The deposit shall not be used to pay MONTHLY FEES or other debts arising from possible breaches and shall be returned to the CONCESIONAIRE, in the same currency, that is, in US dollars, upon expiration of the contract and restitution of THE OFFICE as set forth herein, once all debts are paid and all obligations are fully performed by THE CONCESSIONAIRE. The GRANTOR is hereby empowered to deduce from

 

13


such deposit the amounts owed by virtue of invoices or pending issues, repairs or other expenses, whatever their nature may be, which are to be paid by the CONCESSIONAIRE, pursuant to the terms agreed upon.

XVIII. Notices. Jurisdiction

18.1. The PARTIES set their addresses at those first above written. Any dispute arising herefrom shall be subject to the jurisdiction of the courts sitting in the City of Buenos Aires, the PARTIES hereby expressly waiving any other jurisdiction that may apply.

18.2. The addresses set by the PARTIES shall remain the same unless one of the parties notifies by certified mail to the other of a change in its address. The new address must be within the City of Buenos Aires.

18.3. All notices, summons and/or requests shall be deemed valid and received by the other party if they are sent to the addresses set in this agreement, and no evidence to the contrary shall be admitted. THE CONCESSIONAIRE hereby waives any claim, annulment request, or action with respect to the notices sent to the address set in this agreement or that replacing it, after being notified as provided for in section 19.2 hereof.

In witness whereof, after having read and ratified its contents and all its annexes, this contract has been executed before the Notary Public who authenticates the signatures, in two counterparts, all of which shall be deemed an original, in the City of Buenos Aires, on February 7, 2007.

 

GRANTOR  

CONCESSIONAIRE

Annex I:   AGREEMENT ENTERED INTO WITH TELEMETRIX
Annex II:   Location and surface sketch of the granted area for the exploitation that is the subject matter of this concession contract
Annex III:   General Rules
Annex IV:   Works to be performed by THE CONCESSIONAIRE
Annex V:   Setting and Decoration Work plan for THE OFFICE.

 

 

/s/    Israel Sutton Dabah           /s/    Norberto Jasin        
Managing Partner   Managing Partner
 
/s/    Marcos Eduardo Galperin        
President of Mercado Libre

 

14

  

 

EXHIBIT 10.06

 

Nº S-20668   

 

   1

 

Property Lease Agreement

A) Lessor

KW R ADAR C ONSTRUTORA E I NCORPORADORA L TDA . , successor of Barros e Spitaletti Empreendimentos Ltda. , with head offices Avenida Dr. Yojiro Takaoka 4384, 8 th floor, suite 806, Centro de Apoio 1, Alphaville District, in Santana do Parnaíba, Tax ID (CNPJ) 05,987,569/0001-15, herein represented by its members Norberto Spitaletti , Brazilian, married, businessman, holder of ID Card (RG) 3,271,937, Tax ID (CPF/MF) 038,521,218-68, and Basílio Fernandes de Barros , married, businessman, holder of ID Card (RG) 5,913,210, Tax ID (CPF/MF) 006,400,418-09, both of them with offices in the address referred to above.

B) Lessee

M ERCADO L IVRE . COM A TIVIDADES DE I NTERNET L TDA . , with head offices in the Capital City of the State of São Paulo, Rua Arandu 281, 9 th floor, Brooklin Novo District, Tax ID (CNPJ/MF) 03,361,252/0001-34, herein represented by its delegate manager Stelleo Passos Tolda , Brazilian, married, business administrator, holder of ID Card (RG) 07,575,578-5, Tax ID (CPF/MF) 028,676,707-48.

C) Lease Guaranty

This lease shall be guaranteed through a deposit to be given by the LESSEE in the sum equal to three (3) rentals in accordance with the amounts upon the execution hereof. Such deposit shall be used to pay for the last three rentals of the lease term. Under no circumstance whatsoever can they inure to the LESSOR in the capacity of contractual fine.

D) Property

 

Address    Avenida Dr. Yojiro Takaoka 4350; Upper Floor
Eletropaulo ID    Store 5
Total area    772 sq. m
Leased area    273 sq. m
Purpose    commercial office
Nature    nonresidential

E) Term

53 months, beginning on July 01, 2005, and ending on October 31, 2009.

F) Rental

The monthly rental is five thousand reais (R$ 5,000.00)

G) Place and Date of Payment

The R$ 5,000.00 rental shall be paid at the Lessor’s head offices by the fifth (5 th ) day of the month after the due rental. The parties hereby agree that the Lessee shall have a fifty percent (50%) bonus on the rental during the first twelve (12) months hereof.


Nº S-20668   

 

   2

 

The first rental, in the amount of R$ 2,500.00, shall be due on August 05, 2005. The payment, , when not yet overdue, can be performed via deposit, transfer or TED, into checking account 6280-4, branch 2774-0; Nova Alphaville; Banco Bradesco S/A, or via bank slip.

This PROPERTY LEASE AGREEMENT is agreed hereby and in due legal form, as governed by Federal Law 8,245/91 and the clauses and conditions below. The parties shall be generically and solely called LESSOR and LESSE.

 

1 The purpose hereof is the lease of the property referred to in section “D” of the recitals. The contracting parties are the Lessor and the Lessee initially identified in sections “A” and “B”, with the deposit guaranty described in section “C”, and under the terms set forth in section “E”, “F”, and “G”.

 

2 The property is intended for the purpose referred to in section “D” of the recitals. The Lessee cannot change it without the Lessor’s express consent.

 

  2.1 The Lessee undertakes to deliver the negative certificates in its name. In case of positive certificate, the summary report is required to be attached:

 

   

Copy of ID Card, Tax ID, and address evidence

 

   

Articles of association, Tax ID, or bylaws / minutes of the election

 

   

Protest certificate in São Paulo

 

   

Certificate of civil, tax, bankruptcy, composition with creditors and probate & family courts of São Paulo

 

   

Debt clearance concerning the Federal Judiciary

 

   

Debt clearance concerning the Attorneyship of the Federal Judiciary

 

   

Labor debt clearance in São Paulo

 

3 The Lessee is forbidden to assign, transfer or sublease the property in whole or in part, whether free of charge or not, without the Lessor’s prior consent in writing.

 

4 The Lessee undertakes to respect and comply with the Condominium Convention and the Internal Regulations to which such property might be subject, if applicable. The Lessee acknowledges that it knows and undertakes to comply with such documents.

 

5 Besides the monthly rental set forth in section “F” of the recitals, the Lessee shall be in charge of IPTU and other taxes charged on the property, as well as the consumption of water and electricity, and the relevant fees, insurance premiums, condominium or maintenance / cleaning expenses, if applicable, and everything which is or comes to be charged on such property. Such charges should be paid on their due dates, plus every addition arising from delays or any retention of charge notices.


Nº S-20668   

 

   3

 

Paragraph One:

The Lessor is entitled to charge the IPTU and the SACA fee either together with the rental or send the payment slips for the Lessor to perform such payments. The nonpayment of such duties shall mean a contractual infringement.

Paragraph Two:

The Lessee undertakes to promptly transfer to its name, through the applicable body, the liability for the consumption of electricity in such property.

Paragraph Three:

In case there is no legal impediment and while the Lessee remains in the property, whether the contractual term is effective or expired, the rental shall be subject to adjustments every twelve (12) months. It is hereby agreed that such adjustments shall be calculated through the IGPM-FGV, or in case of its absence, a specific index created by a later law applicable to leases.

Paragraph Four:

In case supervening laws allow for rental adjustments within terms shorter than twelve (12) months, the lessee hereby expressly agrees it is applied hereto, in the minimum deadlines legally set forth.

Paragraph Five:

The nonpayment of rentals and charges on the due dates per se shall make the Lessee in default, regardless of any communication, inquiry or notice.

 

6 The Lessee state it is aware that the delivery of later receipts neither means nor is a release from other obligations set forth herein which have not been charged on their due dates. It states further that if the Lessor accepts any delay in the payment of the rental and/or charges, or the compliance with any contractual obligation, such waive cannot be deemed as novation or amendment to the contractual obligations; this shall mean an act of mere gratuity on the Lessor’s part.

 

7 Within fifteen (15) days as of the beginning hereof, the Lessee is entitled to advise the Lessor in writing on defects existing in such property. In case it does not do so, it shall be assumed that it received such property under perfect conditions.

 

8 The Lessee shall be liable for any and all damages which might occur in the property; if such damages result from events to which it has not contributed, it shall give a due notice in writing to the Lessor within fifteen (15) days after such event, on penalty of being made liable for any repairs required.


Nº S-20668   

 

   4

 

Sole Paragraph:

Any defect found in electric, hydraulic installations or any other, included any of their components, should be repaired on the Lessee’s account (material and labor), since such property shall be under the Lessee’s possession.

 

9 The Lessee undertakes to comply, on its sole account, with any and all requirements from Public Authorities and/or Public Service Concessionaires, either due to the property use or as a result of any construction or improvements. The Lessee takes full responsibility for infringements due to noncompliance with decisions made by the applicable authorities or the laws in force.

 

10 Except for works and repairs necessary to the property safety, the Lessee shall be in charge of the others. It should keep the property and its fittings in perfect state of operation, preservation and cleaning, especially glasses, painting, electric and hydraulic facilities, as well as order, politeness and discipline.

 

11 Any and all improvements which the Lessee wishes to make in the property should be previously submitted to the Lessor and receive its express consent. In case the performance of such improvement depends on approval from Public Authorities and/or Public Service Concessionaires, the Lessee undertakes to request it, bearing all the costs with projects, emoluments and taxes for its authorization, as well as the expenses to perform it. The Lessor shall not be liable for any expense as for this.

Sole Paragraph:

Except for improvements of a movable nature, the ones performed by the Lessee are hereby made an integral part of such property. The Lessee shall not be entitled to any compensation or payment from them, not shall it be entitled to withholdings in such capacity. It should return them if the Lessor so demands it.

 

12 The Lessor is hereby authorized to inspect such property and its fittings upon prior notice, through duly accredited representatives.

 

13 The Lessee is hereby ensured the preemptive right to purchase such property. In case it is not interested, such property may be visited by interested third parties, provided this is agreed on a prior basis.

 

14 In case of total or partial expropriation of the property, the Lessor will be released from all and any liabilities resulting hereof, and the Lessee can opt to act exclusively against the expropriator.

 

15 This Agreement can be terminated at any time by the parties, with no burden or charges, by means of prior written notice at least sixty (60) days in advance.

 

16

Once the contractual term is terminated, as set forth in section “E” of the recitals, the Lessee shall vacate the property and deliver it completely free and clear of any things and individuals, as-is at the time of receiving it, regardless of any judicial or


Nº S-20668   

 

   5

 

 

extrajudicial order, under penalty of, in case of noncompliance, incurring the penalty set forth in the first paragraph of this clause; the Lessee will also be entitled to take the actions deemed necessary with a view to vacate the property. In case the parties are interested in maintaining the lease, this shall be notified in writing, in order to proceed with the contractual renewal.

First Paragraph – Once the lease is expired or terminated, the Lessee shall submit, duly paid, the last three bills of water and light consumption, securing with the Lessor or its attorney the sufficient amount to pay the expenses in connection with the period under the Lessee´s responsibility. Upon delivery of the keys, the gauges will be read to assess such consumptions.

Second Paragraph – Upon delivery of the keys, the property shall be returned in full conditions of use, duly painted and with any damages duly repaired, according to the inspection to be carried out by the Lessor or its attorney, if applicable, and removing any publicity signs attached to the property face; it is hereby agreed that, in case of noncompliance, the Lessor will be entitled to take the actions to repair any damages or make any renovations deemed necessary, charging from the Lessee the pertinent amounts, which will be considered as lease charges.

 

17 It is hereby agreed a penalty equal to three rentals in force at the time of the violation, which shall be borne by the party who violates any of the clauses hereof, with the nondefaulting party being entitled to consider this agreement as terminated.

 

18 Every amount due by virtue hereof shall be charged by means of a proper action at law according to Law 8245/91 in its clauses, paragraphs and items in connection with this agreement, at the court where the property is located, which the parties hereby elect, waiving expressly any other no matter how privileged; in addition to the principal amount and charges, the fine set forth in clause 18 and all judicial and extrajudicial costs shall incur on the due amount, in addition to the attorneys´ fees.

Sole Paragraph – In case of any delay in paying the rentals or charges, the Lessee shall bear the adjustment for inflation of the debt, late payment interest of one percent (1%) per month, and a ten percent (10%) fine. In case of a lawsuit, the attorneys´ fees shall be twenty percent (20%), without prejudice to the payment of the court costs, to be borne by the Lessee.

 

19 For the purposes of performing the judicial acts:

 

a) The Lessee hereby declares that it is aware of, and authorizes any summons, legal notices or notifications to be carried out according to the provisions of Law 8245/91;


Nº S-20668   

 

   6

 

b) The Lessee grants to his/her respective sponsor an express power of attorney through this agreement so that, on the Lessee´s behalf, the grantee is entitled to receive any summons, legal notices or notifications in connection with this agreement.

 

20. Since the Lessor is a legal entity, it undertakes to advise the Lessee on all and any changes in corporate composition and distribution of direction and management authority. In case it does not do so within fifteen (15) days from the performance of such acts, this shall mean a contractual infringement.

In witness whereof, the parties hereto execute this agreement in three counterparts of equal content in the presence of two witnesses who also sign it.

Santana do Parnaíba, June 28, 2005.

/s/ illegible

Lessor

/s/ illegible

Lessee

MercadoLivre.com Ativ. de Internet Ltda.

Stelleo Passos Tolda

Delegate Manager

Witnesses:

/s/ illegible

Tânia Cristina de Barros

ID Card (RG) 27,015,155-2

/s/ illegible

(illegible) Gonçalves de Sousa

ID Card (RG) 28,453,308-7

  

EXHIBIT 10.07

 

Nº S-20670   

 

   1

 

B ARROS E S PITALETTI E MPREENDIMENTOS L TDA . , with head office on Avenida Dr. Yojiro Takaoka, 1384, - 8 th floor – suite 806 – Support Center I – Alphaville, Santana do Parnaíba, with Federal Tax ID (CNPJ/MF) under No. 05,897,569/0001-15, herein represented by its members Norberto Spitaletti, Brazilian, married, businessman, bearer of ID Card (RG) No. 3,271,937 and Tax ID (CPF/MF) No. 038,521,218-68, and B ASÍLIO Fernandes de Barros, Brazilian, married, businessman, bearer of ID Card (RG) No. 5,913,210 and Tax ID (CPF/MF) No. 006,400,418-09, both with office at the address above.

B) Lessee

M ERCADO L IVRE . COM A TIVIDADES DE I NTERNET L TDA . , with head offices in the Capital City of the State of São Paulo, Rua Arandu 281, 9 th floor, Brooklin Novo District, Tax ID (CNPJ/MF) 03,361,252/0001-34, herein represented by its delegate manager Stelleo Passos Tolda , Brazilian, married, business administrator, holder of ID Card (RG) 07,575,578-5, Tax ID (CPF/MF) 028,676,707-48.

C) Lease Guaranty

This lease shall be guaranteed through a deposit to be given by the LESSEE in the sum equal to three (3) rentals in accordance with the amounts upon the execution hereof. Such deposit shall be used to pay for the last three rentals of the lease term. Under no circumstance whatsoever can they inure to the LESSOR in the capacity of contractual fine.

D) Property

 

Address    Avenida Dr. Yojiro Takaoka 4350; Upper Floor
Eletropaulo ID    Store 5
Total area    772 sq. m
Leased area    400 sq. m
Purpose    commercial office
Nature    nonresidential

E) Term

05 years or sixty (60) months.

Beginning on November 01, 2004, and ending on October 31, 2009.

F) Rental

The monthly rental is eight thousand reais (R$ 8,000.00)

The rental in the amount of R$ 8,000.00 shall be paid at the Lesser’s office up to the fifth (5 th ) day of the month subsequent to the month due. The first rental shall become due on January 5, 2005. The payment, when not yet overdue, can be made through deposit, transfer or TED, in checking account No. 6280-4, branch 2774-0 – Nova Alphaville – Banco Bradesco S/A or, further, through payment coupon.


Nº S-20670   

 

   2

 

This PROPERTY LEASE AGREEMENT is agreed hereby and in due legal form, as governed by Federal Law 8,245/91 and the clauses and conditions below. The parties shall be generically and solely called LESSOR and LESSE.

 

1 The purpose hereof is the lease of the property referred to in section “D” of the recitals. The contracting parties are the Lessor and the Lessee initially identified in sections “A” and “B”, with the deposit guaranty described in section “C”, and under the terms set forth in section “E”, “F”, and “G”.

 

2 The property is intended for the purpose referred to in section “D” of the recitals. The Lessee cannot change it without the Lessor’s express consent.

 

  2.1 The Lessee undertakes to deliver the negative certificates in its name. In case of positive certificate, the summary report is required to be attached:

 

   

Copy of ID Card, Tax ID, and address evidence

 

   

Articles of association, Tax ID, or bylaws / minutes of the election

 

   

Protest certificate in São Paulo

 

   

Certificate of civil, tax, bankruptcy, composition with creditors and probate & family courts of São Paulo

 

   

Debt clearance concerning the Federal Judiciary

 

   

Debt clearance concerning the Attorneyship of the Federal Judiciary

 

   

Labor debt clearance in São Paulo

 

3 The Lessee is forbidden to assign, transfer or sublease the property in whole or in part, whether free of charge or not, without the Lessor’s prior consent in writing.

4 – The Lessee undertakes to abide by and comply with the Condominium Agreement and the Internal Regulations to which the property may be subject. The Lessee declares to know and to accept these documents, if applicable.

5- Besides the monthly rental set forth in section “F” of the recitals, the Lessee shall be in charge of IPTU and other taxes charged on the property, as well as the consumption of water and electricity, and the relevant fees, insurance premiums, condominium or maintenance / cleaning expenses, if applicable, and everything which is or comes to be charged on such property. Such charges should be paid on their due dates, plus every addition arising from delays or any retention of charge notices.

Paragraph One:

The Lessor is entitled to charge the IPTU and the SACA fee either together with the rental or send the payment slips for the Lessor to perform such payments. The nonpayment of such duties shall mean a contractual infringement.

Paragraph Two:

The Lessee undertakes to promptly transfer to its name, through the applicable body, the liability for the consumption of electricity in such property.


Nº S-20670   

 

   3

 

Paragraph Three:

In case there is no legal impediment and while the Lessee remains in the property, whether the contractual term is effective or expired, the rental shall be subject to adjustments every twelve (12) months. It is hereby agreed that such adjustments shall be calculated through the IGPM-FGV, or in case of its absence, a specific index created by a later law applicable to leases.

Paragraph Four:

In case supervening laws allow for rental adjustments within terms shorter than twelve (12) months, the lessee hereby expressly agrees it is applied hereto, in the minimum deadlines legally set forth.

Paragraph Five:

The nonpayment of rentals and charges on the due dates per se shall make the Lessee in default, regardless of any communication, inquiry or notice.

 

4 The Lessee state it is aware that the delivery of later receipts neither means nor is a release from other obligations set forth herein which have not been charged on their due dates. It states further that if the Lessor accepts any delay in the payment of the rental and/or charges, or the compliance with any contractual obligation, such waive cannot be deemed as novation or amendment to the contractual obligations; this shall mean an act of mere gratuity on the Lessor’s part.

 

5 Within fifteen (15) days as of the beginning hereof, the Lessee is entitled to advise the Lessor in writing on defects existing in such property. In case it does not do so, it shall be assumed that it received such property under perfect conditions.

 

6 The Lessee shall be liable for any and all damages which might occur in the property; if such damages result from events to which it has not contributed, it shall give a due notice in writing to the Lessor within fifteen (15) days after such event, on penalty of being made liable for any repairs required.

Sole Paragraph:

Any defect found in electric, hydraulic installations or any other, included any of their components, should be repaired on the Lessee’s account (material and labor), since such property shall be under the Lessee’s possession.

 

7 The Lessee undertakes to comply, on its sole account, with any and all requirements from Public Authorities and/or Public Service Concessionaires, either due to the property use or as a result of any construction or improvements. The Lessee takes full responsibility for infringements due to noncompliance with decisions made by the applicable authorities or the laws in force.


Nº S-20670   

 

   4

 

8 Except for works and repairs necessary to the property safety, the Lessee shall be in charge of the others. It should keep the property and its fittings in perfect state of operation, preservation and cleaning, especially glasses, painting, electric and hydraulic facilities, as well as order, politeness and discipline.

 

9 Any and all improvements which the Lessee wishes to make in the property should be previously submitted to the Lessor and receive its express consent. In case the performance of such improvement depends on approval from Public Authorities and/or Public Service Concessionaires, the Lessee undertakes to request it, bearing all the costs with projects, emoluments and taxes for its authorization, as well as the expenses to perform it. The Lessor shall not be liable for any expense as for this.

Sole Paragraph:

Except for improvements of a movable nature, the ones performed by the Lessee are hereby made an integral part of such property. The Lessee shall not be entitled to any compensation or payment from them, not shall it be entitled to withholdings in such capacity. It should return them if the Lessor so demands it.

 

10 The Lessor is hereby authorized to inspect such property and its fittings upon prior notice, through duly accredited representatives.

 

11 The Lessee is hereby ensured the preemptive right to purchase such property. In case it is not interested, such property may be visited by interested third parties, provided this is agreed on a prior basis.

 

14 In case of total or partial expropriation of the property, the Lessor will be released from all and any liabilities resulting hereof, and the Lessee can opt to act exclusively against the expropriator.

 

15 This Agreement can be terminated at any time by the Lessee, with no burden or charges, by means of prior written notice at least sixty (60) days in advance.

 

16 Once the contractual term is terminated, as set forth in section “E” of the recitals, the Lessee shall vacate the property and deliver it completely free and clear of any things and individuals, as-is at the time of receiving it, regardless of any judicial or extrajudicial order, under penalty of, in case of noncompliance, incurring the penalty set forth in the first paragraph of this clause; the Lessee will also be entitled to take the actions deemed necessary with a view to vacate the property. In case the parties are interested in maintaining the lease, this shall be notified in writing, in order to proceed with the contractual renewal.

First Paragraph – Once the lease is expired or terminated, the Lessee shall submit, duly paid, the last three bills of water and light consumption, securing with the Lessor or its attorney the sufficient amount to pay the expenses in connection with the period under the Lessee´s responsibility. Upon delivery of the keys, the gauges will be read to assess such consumptions.


Nº S-20670   

 

   5

 

Second Paragraph – Upon delivery of the keys, the property shall be returned in full conditions of use, duly painted and with any damages duly repaired, according to the inspection to be carried out by the Lessor or its attorney, if applicable, and removing any publicity signs attached to the property face; it is hereby agreed that, in case of noncompliance, the Lessor will be entitled to take the actions to repair any damages or make any renovations deemed necessary, charging from the Lessee the pertinent amounts, which will be considered as lease charges.

 

17 It is hereby agreed a penalty equal to three rentals in force at the time of the violation, which shall be borne by the party who violates any of the clauses hereof, with the nondefaulting party being entitled to consider this agreement as terminated.

 

18 Every amount due by virtue hereof shall be charged by means of a proper action at law according to Law 8245/91 in its clauses, paragraphs and items in connection with this agreement, at the court where the property is located, which the parties hereby elect, waiving expressly any other no matter how privileged; in addition to the principal amount and charges, the fine set forth in clause 17 and all judicial and extrajudicial costs shall incur on the due amount, in addition to the attorneys´ fees.

Sole Paragraph – In case of any delay in paying the rentals or charges, the Lessee shall bear the adjustment for inflation of the debt, late payment interest of one percent (1%) per month, and a ten percent (10%) fine. In case of a lawsuit, the attorneys´ fees shall be twenty percent (20%), without prejudice to the payment of the court costs, to be borne by the Lessee.

 

19 For the purposes of performing the judicial acts:

 

a) The Lessee hereby declares that it is aware of, and authorizes any summons, legal notices or notifications to be carried out according to the provisions of Law 8245/91;

 

b) The Lessee grants to his/her respective sponsor an express power of attorney through this agreement so that, on the Lessee´s behalf, the grantee is entitled to receive any summons, legal notices or notifications in connection with this agreement.

 

20. Since the Lessor is a legal entity, it undertakes to advise the Lessee on all and any changes in corporate composition and distribution of direction and management authority. In case it does not do so within fifteen (15) days from the performance of such acts, this shall mean a contractual infringement.


Nº S-20670   

 

   6

 

21 For the mediation hereof Sigma Empreendimentos & Administração de Bens S/C Ltda. will be entitled to an amount equal to the first monthly rental. The payment shall be made against issue of the Official Commerce Invoice (“nota fiscal”).

In witness whereof, the parties hereto execute this agreement in three counterparts of equal content in the presence of two witnesses who also sign it.

Santana do Parnaíba, November 1 st , 2004.

/s/ illegible

Lessor

/s/ illegible

Lessee

MercadoLivre.com Ativ. de Internet Ltda.

Stelleo Passos Tolda

Delegate Manager

Witnesses:

/s/ illegible

MercadoLivre.com Ativ. De Internet Ltda.

Marco Aurélio Brasil Lima

Attorney-at-law, OAB/SP 143811

/s/ illegible

Tânia Cristina de Barros

ID Card (RG) 27,015,155-2

EXHIBIT 21.01

Parent company:

MercadoLibre, Inc.

Delaware, USA

Date of Incorporation: February 3, 2000

Subsidiaries:

MercadoLibre S.A. (Argentina)

Date of Incorporation: July 29, 1999

MercadoLibre S.A. de C.V. (Mexico)

Date of Incorporation: October 6, 1999

MercadoLivre.COM Atividades de Internet Ltda (Brazil)

Date of Incorporation: October 6, 1999

MercadoLibre Chile Ltda.(Chile)

Date of Incorporation: January 20, 2000

MercadoLibre Colombia, S.A. (Colombia)

Date of Incorporation: February 7, 2000

MercadoLibre Venezuela S.A. (Venezuela)

Date of Incorporation: February 3, 2000

MercadoPago Representações Ltda. (Brazil)

Date of Incorporation: September 16, 1999

Former name: Ibazar Com Ltda.

MercadoLibre ZonaAmerica S.A. (Uruguay)

Date of Incorporation: March 23, 2004

MercadoLibre Ecuador S.A. (Ecuador)

Date of Incorporation: July, 12, 2006

MercadoLibre Perú S.A. (Peru)

Date of Incorporation: January 26, 2000

Former name: Deremate.com del Peru SA

Hammer.com, LLC.

Delaware, USA

Date of Incorporation: November 1, 2005

MercadoPago, LLC.

Delaware, USA

Date of Incorporation: April 10, 2006


ListaPop, LLC.

Delaware, USA

Date of Incorporation: April 20, 2007

Deremate.com de Mexico S.A. de C.V (Mexico)

Date of Incorporation: November 9, 1999

Deremate.com de Uruguay S.A. (Uruguay)

Date of Incorporation: June 10, 1999

Deremate.com de Venezuela S.A. (Venezuela)

Date of Incorporation: February 17, 2000

Deremate.com de Venezuela S.A. (Colombian Branch) (Colombia)

Date of Incorporation: April 18, 2000

eBazar.com.br Ltda. (Brazil)

Date of Incorporation: February 12, 1999

MercadoPago Colombia S.A. (Colombia)

Date of Incorporation: October 31, 2006

MercadoPago S.A. (Chile)

Date of Incorporation: April 11, 2006

Exhibit 23.02

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the use in this Registration Statement on Form S-1 of our report dated May 11, 2007 relating to the financial statements of MercadoLibre, Inc., which appears in such Registration Statement. We also consent the use of our report dated May 11, 2007 relating to the combined statements of operations, of changes in net investment and of cash flows of DeRemate Operations, which appears in such Registration Statement. We also consent to the references to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

Buenos Aires, Argentina

May 11, 2007

Price Waterhouse & Co S.R.L.

 

By:   /s/ Juan Carlos Grassi   (Partner)
  Juan Carlos Grassi