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Registration No. 333-145845

 

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Post-Effective Amendment No. 1

to

FORM F-3

REGISTRATION STATEMENT UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

N/A

(Translation of registrant’s name into English)

England   None

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification No.)

1 Churchill Place

London E14 5HP, England

Tel. No: 011-44-20-7116-1000

(Address and Telephone Number of Registrant’s Principal Executive Offices)

 

James Walker

Barclays Bank PLC

200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166

Tel. No: 212-412-4000

(Name, Address and Telephone Number of Agent for Service)

 

Copies to:

George H. White

Sullivan & Cromwell LLP

1 New Fetter Lane

London EC4A 1AN England

Tel. No: 011-44-20-7959-8900

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public:

From time to time after the effective date of this Registration Statement.

 

If the only securities being registered on this Form are being offered pursuant to dividend or interest reinvestment plans, please check the following box.   ¨

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, other than securities offered only in connection with dividend or interest reinvestment plans, check the following box.   x

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, please check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a registration statement pursuant to General Instruction I.C. or a post-effective amendment thereto that shall become effective upon filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 462(e) under the Securities Act, check the following box.   x

If this Form is a post-effective amendment to a registration statement filed pursuant to General Instruction I.C. filed to register additional securities or additional classes of securities pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box.   x

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of Each Class of

Securities to be Registered

 

Amount to be Registered /Proposed Maximum Aggregate

Offering Price per Unit /Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price

 

Amount of

Registration Fee

Senior Debt Securities

  (1)   $0 (1)

Dated Subordinated Debt Securities

   

Undated Subordinated Debt Securities

   

Warrants

   

Preference Shares

   

American Depositary Shares (2)

   
 
 

(1) An indeterminate aggregate initial offering price or number of the securities of each identified class is being registered as may from time to time be offered at indeterminate prices. Separate consideration may or may not be received for securities that are issuable on exercise, conversion or exchange of other securities or that are issued in units or represented by depositary shares. In accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r), the Registrant is deferring payment of all of the registration fee.
(2) The Preference Shares may be represented by American Depositary Shares. American Depositary Receipts evidencing American Depositary Shares issuable on deposit of Preference Shares will be registered pursuant to a separate Registration Statement on Form F-6.

Pursuant to Rule 429 under the Securities Act of 1933, the Prospectus contained in this Registration Statement and supplements to such Prospectus will also be used in connection with the offering of securities previously registered pursuant to the Registrant’s Registration Statement (File No. 333-126811) and not issued.

 

 

 


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Explanatory Note

This Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) is being filed by Barclays Bank PLC for the purpose of (i) registering warrants pursuant to Rule 413(b) under the Securities Act, (ii) updating the base prospectus that forms part of the Registration Statement to reflect references to such warrants and to reflect certain other updates related to the passage of time and (iii) filing additional exhibits to the Registration Statement relating to such warrants. The existing base prospectus, dated August 27, 2008, that currently forms a part of the Registration Statement is being replaced in its entirety by the base prospectus filed with this Post-Effective Amendment No. 1. This Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement shall become effective immediately upon filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission.


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BARCLAYS BANK PLC

Debt Securities

Warrants

Preference Shares

American Depositary Shares

This prospectus describes some of the general terms that may apply to these securities and the general manner in which they may be offered.

We will give you the specific terms of the securities, and the manner in which they are offered, in supplements to this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the prospectus supplements carefully before you invest. We may offer and sell these securities to or through one or more underwriters, dealers and agents, including Barclays Capital Inc., or directly to purchasers, on a delayed or continuous basis. We will indicate the names of any underwriters in the applicable prospectus supplement.

We may use this prospectus to offer and sell debt securities, warrants or preference shares from time to time. In addition, Barclays Capital Inc. or another of our affiliates may use this prospectus in a market-making transaction in any of these securities after their initial sale. Unless we or our agent informs you otherwise in the confirmation of sale, this prospectus is being used in a market-making transaction.

The securities are not deposit liabilities of Barclays Bank PLC and are not insured by the United States Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation or any other governmental agency of the United States, the United Kingdom or any other jurisdiction. Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement, Barclays PLC, our parent, has not guaranteed or assumed any other obligations in respect of our securities.

This prospectus may not be used to sell securities unless it is accompanied by a prospectus supplement.

Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any other regulatory body has approved or disapproved of these securities or passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

 

Barclays Capital       Merrill Lynch & Co.
The date of this prospectus is February 10, 2009


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

   1

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

   1

THE BARCLAYS BANK GROUP

   2

USE OF PROCEEDS

   2

DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

   3

DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

   20

GLOBAL SECURITIES

   31

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERENCE SHARES

   36

DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS

   41

DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

   47

TAX CONSIDERATIONS

   48

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

   65

SERVICE OF PROCESS AND ENFORCEMENT OF LIABILITIES

   68

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

   69

FURTHER INFORMATION

   69

VALIDITY OF SECURITIES

   69

EXPERTS

   69

EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

   70


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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This prospectus and certain documents incorporated by reference herein contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 21E of the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), with respect to certain of our plans and current goals and expectations relating to our future financial condition and performance. These forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate only to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements sometimes use words such as “aim”, “anticipate”, “target”, “expect”, “estimate”, “intend”, “plan”, “goal”, “believe”, or other words of similar meaning. Examples of forward-looking statements include, among others, statements regarding our future financial position, income growth, impairment charges, business strategy, projected levels of growth in the banking and financial markets, projected costs, estimates of capital expenditures, and plans and objectives for future operations.

By their nature, forward-looking statements involve risk and uncertainty because they relate to future events and circumstances, including, but not limited to, U.K. domestic and global economic and business conditions, the effects of continued volatility in credit markets, market related risks such as changes in interest rates and exchange rates, effects of changes in valuation of credit market exposures, changes in valuation of issued notes, the policies and actions of governmental and regulatory authorities including classification of financial instruments for regulatory capital purposes, changes in legislation, the further development of standards and interpretations under International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”) applicable to past, current and future periods, evolving practices with regard to the interpretation and application of standards under IFRS, progress in the integration of the North American investment banking and capital markets operations of Lehman Brothers into our business and the quantification of the benefits resulting from such acquisition, the outcome of pending and future litigation, the success of future acquisitions and other strategic transactions and the impact of competition—a number of which factors are beyond our control. As a result, our actual future results may differ materially from the plans, goals, and expectations set forth in such forward-looking statements. Additional risks and factors are identified in our filings with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) including in our Annual Report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007, which is available on the SEC’s website at http://www.sec.gov . Any forward-looking statements made by or on our behalf speak only as of the date they are made. We do not undertake to update forward-looking statements to reflect any changes in expectations with regard thereto or any changes in events, conditions or circumstances on which any such statement is based. The reader should, however, consult any additional disclosures that we have made or may make in documents we have filed or may file with the SEC.

INCORPORATION OF CERTAIN DOCUMENTS BY REFERENCE

The SEC allows us to “incorporate by reference” the information we file with them, which means we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The most recent information that we file with the SEC automatically updates and supersedes earlier information.

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-3 relating to the securities covered by this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of the registration statement and does not contain all the information in the registration statement. Whenever a reference is made in this prospectus to a contract or other document of the company, the reference is only a summary and you should refer to the exhibits that are a part of the registration statement for a copy of the contract or other document. You may review a copy of the registration statement at the SEC’s public reference room in Washington, D.C., as well as through the SEC’s internet site, as discussed below.

We filed our annual report on Form 20-F for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 (the “2007 Form 20-F”) with the SEC on March 26, 2008. We are incorporating the 2007 Form 20-F by reference into this prospectus. We are further incorporating by reference our Current Reports on Form 6-K furnished to the SEC on April 11, 2008, April 22, 2008, May 15, 2008, June 6, 2008, June 12, 2008, June 25, 2008, July 18, 2008, August 7, 2008, August 22, 2008, August 27, 2008, September 17, 2008, October 14, 2008, October 17, 2008, October 31, 2008, November 18, 2008, December 16, 2008 and February 9, 2009 in each case to the same extent as such report was designated on the cover thereof for incorporation by reference into our Registration Statement on Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845).

 

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In addition, we will incorporate by reference into this prospectus all documents that we file with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and, to the extent, if any, we designate therein, reports on Form 6-K we furnish to the SEC after the date of this prospectus and prior to the termination of any offering contemplated in this prospectus.

We will provide to you, upon your written or oral request, without charge, a copy of any or all of the documents we referred to above which we have incorporated in this prospectus by reference. You should direct your requests to Barclays Bank PLC, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, Attention: General Counsel (telephone: 212-412-4000).

You may read and copy any document that we file with or furnish to the SEC at the SEC’s public reference room at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain information on the operation of the public reference room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC maintains an internet site that contains reports and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC at www.sec.gov. We maintain an internet site at www.barclays.com.

THE BARCLAYS BANK GROUP

Barclays Bank PLC and its subsidiary undertakings (taken together, the “Group”) is a major global financial services provider engaged in retail and commercial banking, credit cards, investment banking, wealth management and investment management services. It is one of the largest financial services companies in the world by market capitalization. Together with the predecessor companies, the Group has over 300 years of history and expertise in banking, and today the Group operates in over 50 countries and employs approximately 127,700 people. The Group moves, lends, invests and protects money for over 27 million customers and clients worldwide. The whole of the issued ordinary share capital of Barclays Bank PLC is beneficially owned by Barclays PLC, which is the ultimate holding company of the Group and one of the largest financial services companies in the world by market capitalization.

USE OF PROCEEDS

Unless otherwise indicated in the accompanying prospectus supplement, the net proceeds from the offering of the securities will be used to support the development and expansion of our business and to strengthen further our capital base. That development and expansion may occur through the development of existing operations, the establishment of new subsidiaries or acquisitions if suitable opportunities should arise.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES

The following is a summary of the general terms of the debt securities. It sets forth possible terms and provisions for each series of debt securities. Each time that we offer debt securities, we will prepare and file a prospectus supplement with the SEC, which you should read carefully. The prospectus supplement may contain additional terms and provisions of those securities. If there is any inconsistency between the terms and provisions presented here and those in the prospectus supplement, those in the prospectus supplement will apply and will replace those presented here.

The debt securities of any series will be either our senior obligations (the “Senior Debt Securities”) or our subordinated obligations (the “Subordinated Debt Securities”). Neither the Senior Debt Securities nor the Subordinated Debt Securities will be secured by any assets or property of Barclays Bank PLC or any of its subsidiaries or affiliates (including Barclays PLC, its parent). The Subordinated Debt Securities will either have a stated maturity (the “Dated Subordinated Debt Securities”) or will not have a stated maturity (the “Undated Subordinated Debt Securities”). Some Undated Subordinated Debt Securities may be entirely or partially convertible into our preference shares, at our option.

We will issue Senior Debt Securities, Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and Undated Subordinated Debt Securities under indentures (respectively the “Senior Debt Indenture”, “Dated Debt Indenture” and “Undated Debt Indenture”) between us and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee. The terms of the debt securities include those stated in the relevant indenture and any supplements thereto, and those terms made part of the indenture by reference to the Trust Indenture Act. The Senior, Dated and Undated Debt Indentures are sometimes referred to in this prospectus individually as an “indenture” and collectively as the “indentures”. We have filed or incorporated by reference a copy of, or the forms of, each indenture as exhibits to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part.

Because this section is a summary, it does not describe every aspect of the debt securities in detail. This summary is subject to, and qualified by reference to, all of the definitions and provisions of the relevant indenture, any supplement to the relevant indenture and each series of debt securities. Certain terms, unless otherwise defined here, have the meaning given to them in the relevant indenture.

General

The debt securities are not deposits and are not insured by any regulatory body of the United States or the United Kingdom. Unless otherwise indicated in a prospectus supplement, Barclays PLC, our parent, has not guaranteed or assumed any other obligations in respect of our debt securities.

Because we are a holding company as well as an operating company, our rights to participate in the assets of any of our subsidiaries upon its liquidation will be subject to the prior claims of the subsidiaries’ creditors, including, in the case of our bank subsidiaries, their respective depositors, except, in our case, to the extent that we may ourselves be a creditor with recognized claims against the relevant subsidiary.

The indentures do not limit the amount of debt securities that we may issue. We may issue the debt securities in one or more series, or as units comprised of two or more related series. The prospectus supplement will indicate for each series or of two or more related series of debt securities:

 

 

whether the debt securities have a maturity date and if so, what that date is;

 

 

the specific designation and aggregate principal amount of the debt securities;

 

 

the prices at which we will issue the debt securities;

 

 

if interest is payable, the interest rate or rates, or how to calculate the interest rate or rates;

 

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whether we will issue the Senior Debt Securities or Dated Subordinated Debt Securities as Discount Securities, as explained below, and the amount of the discount;

 

 

provisions, if any, for the discharge and defeasance of Senior Debt Securities or Dated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series;

 

 

any condition applicable to payment of any principal, premium or interest on Senior Debt Securities or Dated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series;

 

 

the dates and places at which any payments are payable;

 

 

the terms of any mandatory or optional redemption;

 

 

the denominations in which the debt securities will be issued, which may be an integral multiple of either $1,000, $25 or any other specified amount;

 

 

the amount, or how to calculate the amount, that we will pay the Senior Debt Security holder or Dated Subordinated Debt Security holder, if the Senior Debt Security or Dated Subordinated Debt Security is redeemed before its stated maturity or accelerated, or for which the trustee shall be entitled to file and prove a claim;

 

 

whether and how the debt securities may or must be converted into any other type of securities, or their cash value, or a combination of these;

 

 

the currency or currencies in which the debt securities are denominated, and in which we make any payments;

 

 

whether we will issue the debt securities wholly or partially as one or more global debt securities;

 

 

what conditions must be satisfied before we will issue the debt securities in definitive form (“definitive debt securities”);

 

 

any reference asset we will use to determine the amount of any payments on the debt securities;

 

 

any other or different Senior Events of Default, in the case of Senior Debt Securities, or any other or different Subordinated Events of Default, Dated Debt Defaults or Undated Debt Defaults, in the case of Subordinated Debt Securities, or covenants applicable to any of the debt securities, and the relevant terms if they are different from the terms in the applicable indenture;

 

 

any restrictions applicable to the offer, sale and delivery of the debt securities;

 

 

if we will pay Additional Amounts, as explained below, on the debt securities;

 

 

whether we will issue the debt securities in registered form (“registered securities”) or in bearer form (“bearer securities”) or both;

 

 

whether and how bearer securities may be exchanged for registered securities;

 

 

for registered securities, the record date for any payment of principal, interest or premium;

 

 

any listing of the debt securities on a securities exchange;

 

 

any other or different terms of the debt securities; and

 

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what we believe are any additional material U.S. federal and U.K. tax considerations.

Debt securities may bear interest at a fixed rate or a floating rate or we may sell Senior Debt Securities or Dated Subordinated Debt Securities that bear no interest or that bear interest at a rate below the prevailing market interest rate or at a discount to their stated principal amount (“Discount Securities”). The relevant prospectus supplement will describe special U.S. federal income tax considerations applicable to Discount Securities or to debt securities issued at par that are treated for U.S. federal income tax purposes as having been issued at a discount.

Holders of debt securities have no voting rights except as explained below under “—Modification and Waiver” and “Senior Events of Default; Subordinated Events of Default and Defaults; Limitation of Remedies”.

Market-Making Transactions. If you purchase your debt security and/or any of our other securities we describe in this prospectus in a market-making transaction, you will receive information about the price you pay and your trade and settlement dates in a separate confirmation of sale. A market-making transaction is one in which Barclays Capital Inc. or another of our affiliates resells a security that it has previously acquired from another holder. A market-making transaction in a particular debt security occurs after the original issuance and sale of the debt security.

Legal Ownership; Form of Debt Securities

Street Name and Other Indirect Holders. Investors who hold debt securities in accounts at banks or brokers will generally not be recognized by us as legal holders of debt securities. This is called holding in street name.

Instead, we would recognize only the bank or broker, or the financial institution the bank or broker uses to hold its debt securities. These intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions pass along principal, interest and other payments on the debt securities, either because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required. An investor who holds debt securities in street name should check with the investor’s own intermediary institution to find out:

 

 

how it handles debt securities payments and notices;

 

 

whether it imposes fees or charges;

 

 

how it would handle voting if it were ever required;

 

 

whether and how the investor can instruct it to send the investor’s debt securities, registered in the investor’s own name so the investor can be a direct holder as described below; and

 

 

how it would pursue rights under the debt securities if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests.

Direct Holders. Our obligations, as well as the obligations of the trustee and those of any third parties employed by us or the trustee, run only to persons who are registered as holders of debt securities. As noted above, we do not have obligations to an investor who holds in street name or other indirect means, either because the investor chooses to hold debt securities in that manner or because the debt securities are issued in the form of global securities as described below. For example, once we make payment to the registered holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment even if that holder is legally required to pass the payment along to the investor as a street name customer but does not do so.

Global Securities. A global security is a special type of indirectly held security, as described above under “—Legal Ownership; Form of Debt Securities—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”. If we issue debt securities in the form of global securities, the ultimate beneficial owners can only be indirect holders.

We require that the global security be registered in the name of a financial institution we select. In addition, we require that the debt securities included in the global security not be transferred to the name of any other direct

 

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holder unless the special circumstances described in the section “Global Securities” occur. The financial institution that acts as the sole direct holder of the global security is called the depositary. Any person wishing to own a security must do so indirectly by virtue of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates otherwise, each series of debt securities will be issued only in the form of global securities.

Further details of legal ownership are discussed in the section “Global Securities” below.

In the remainder of this description “holder” means direct holders and not street name or other indirect holders of debt securities. Indirect holders should read the subsection entitled “—Legal Ownership; Form of Debt Securities—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”.

Payment and Paying Agents. We will pay interest to direct holders listed in the trustee’s records at the close of business on a particular day in advance of each due date for interest, even if the direct holder no longer owns the security on the interest due date. That particular day, usually about one business day in advance of the interest due date, is called the regular record date and is stated in the prospectus supplement.

We will pay interest, principal and any other money due on the debt securities at the corporate trust office of the trustee in New York City. Holders of debt securities must make arrangements to have their payments picked up at or wired from that office. We may also choose to pay interest by mailing checks.

Street name and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how they will receive payments.

We may also arrange for additional payment offices, and may cancel or change these offices, including our use of the trustee’s corporate trust office. These offices are called paying agents. We may also choose to act as our own paying agent. We must notify the trustee of changes in the paying agents for any particular series of debt securities.

Payments; Deferred Payments; Missed Payments

The relevant prospectus supplement will specify the date on which we will pay interest, if any, and, in the case of Senior Debt Securities or Dated Subordinated Debt Securities, the date for payments of principal and any premium, on any particular series of debt securities. The prospectus supplement will also specify the interest rate or rates, if any, or how the rate or rates will be calculated.

Dated Subordinated Debt Securities

Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, and subject also to the following paragraph, if we do not make a payment on a series of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities on any payment date, our obligation to make that payment shall be deferred (a “Deferred Payment”), until:

 

 

if it is an interest payment, the date we pay a dividend on any class of our share capital; and

 

 

if it is a payment of principal, the first business day after the date that falls six months after the original payment date.

Each of the above dates is a “deferred payment date”. Our failure to make a payment on or before the deferred payment date is not a Dated Debt Default nor will it allow any holder to sue us or take any other action for the payment. Each Deferred Payment will accrue interest at the rate which prevailed for that series of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities immediately before the payment’s original payment date. Any such Deferred Payment shall not be treated as due for any purpose, including for the purpose of determining whether a default has occurred, until the deferred payment date. The term “business day” means any weekday, other than one on which banking institutions are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close in London, England, or in any jurisdiction where payments on the debt security are payable.

 

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In the case of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities that qualify as “Upper Tier 3 Capital”, we will by notice in writing to the trustee (a “deferral notice”), defer the due date for payment of any principal, premium or interest in respect of that series of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities where our “capital resources” would be less than our “capital resources requirement” after payment of any such principal or interest in whole or in part. In addition, we will be entitled to give a deferral notice when the U.K. Financial Services Authority (the “FSA”) has requested or required us to make that deferral. Accordingly, on providing a deferral notice, the payment due date of the principal, premium or interest (the “Tier 3 Deferred Payment”) shall be deferred. As a result, we will not have to make that payment on the date that it would otherwise have become due and payable.

Interest will continue to accrue on the deferred principal at the rate prevailing immediately before the due date of that principal amount, unless the relevant prospectus supplement otherwise specifies. This interest, however, shall only become due and payable according to this paragraph. In the case of a Tier 3 Deferred Payment that was deferred because our capital resources would have been less than our capital resources requirement if such payment had been made when due, we will give notice to the trustee in writing of our intention to make such Tier 3 Deferred Payment promptly upon being satisfied that our capital resources would not be less than our capital resources requirement after payment of the whole or of any part of such payment (unless such payment is also a “Deferred Payment” as described above). In the case of a Tier 3 Deferred Payment that was deferred because of a request or requirement of the FSA, we will give notice to the trustee of our intention to make such Tier 3 Deferred Payment promptly upon being satisfied that the FSA would no longer object to our payment of the whole or any part of such payment (unless such payment is also a “Deferred Payment” as described above). The relevant Tier 3 Deferred Payment, or the appropriate part of it, and any accrued interest shall become due and payable on the seventh day after the date of the payment notice, the “Tier 3 Deferred Payment Date”. In addition, if a Subordinated Event of Default occurs, all unpaid Tier 3 Deferred Payments in respect of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities of a series shall become due and payable in full upon acceleration of payment of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities of that relevant series. In case of acceleration, if more than one Tier 3 Deferred Payment remains unpaid in respect of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series, payment shall be made pro rata according to the amounts of the unpaid Tier 3 Deferred Payments and the interest accrued at the time a Subordinated Event of Default has occurred.

Our failure to make any payment prior to a Tier 3 Deferred Payment Date to the extent permitted by the provisions we have just described shall not constitute a Dated Debt Default by us or otherwise allow any holder to sue or take any action for that payment. Any Tier 3 Deferred Payment deferred according to these provisions shall not be treated as due for any purpose, including for the purpose of ascertaining whether a Dated Debt Default has occurred, until the Tier 3 Deferred Payment Date.

We are currently obliged to notify the FSA if our capital for regulatory capital adequacy purposes falls below its target capital requirement, as set by the FSA.

Undated Subordinated Debt Securities

We are not required to make payments on any series of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities on any payment date except as we discuss in the following paragraph. Our failure to make a payment (unless the payment is required as we describe in the following two paragraphs) shall not constitute an Undated Debt Default by us for any purpose. Any payment that we do not make in respect of any series of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities on any applicable payment date, together with any other unpaid payments, shall, so long as they remain unpaid, constitute “Missed Payments”. Missed Payments will accumulate until paid, but will not bear interest.

We may choose to pay any Missed Payments in whole or in part at any time on not less than 14 days’ notice to the trustee. However, all outstanding Missed Payments in respect of all Undated Subordinated Debt Securities of a particular series shall, subject to the solvency condition as explained below, become due and payable in full on whichever is the earlier of:

 

 

the date on which a dividend is next paid on any class of share capital of Barclays PLC, or any other ultimate holding company of us, or if there is no holding company, ourselves, or on any class of our preference share capital;

 

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the date fixed for any redemption of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities; and

 

 

the commencement of our winding-up in England.

If we give notice of our intention to pay the whole or part of the Missed Payments on the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series, we shall be obliged, subject to the solvency condition, to do so at the time specified in our notice. When Missed Payments in respect of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series are paid in part, each part payment shall be in respect of the full amount of Missed Payments accrued on the payment date or consecutive payment dates furthest from the date of payment.

All payments of principal, premium and interest, including any Missed Payments, on or with respect to the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series will be conditional upon our being solvent at the time of our payment, and remaining solvent immediately after our payment. This is called the “solvency condition”. The solvency condition must also be satisfied when, and immediately after, we or any of our subsidiaries repurchase Undated Subordinated Debt Securities, except a purchase in the ordinary course of a business dealing in securities. For the purposes of the solvency condition, we shall be solvent if:

 

 

we are able to pay our debts as they fall due; and

 

 

our total unconsolidated gross tangible assets exceed our total unconsolidated gross liabilities, subject to certain adjustments specified in the indenture; provided, that as to any event conditional on the solvency condition other than an optional redemption or repurchase, liabilities shall exclude those to persons who are not Undated Debt Senior Creditors (as defined below).

A report as to our solvency by one Director or a senior executive or, in certain circumstances as provided in the indenture, our Auditors, or, if we are in winding-up in England, our liquidator, shall, absent proven error, be treated and accepted by us, the trustee and the holders of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto, as correct and sufficient evidence of solvency or insolvency.

If we are unable to make any payment on or with respect to the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series because we are unable to satisfy the solvency condition, the amount of any such payment which we would otherwise make will be available to meet our losses. If we are wound-up, applicable insolvency law may limit the right to claim for any amount payable, including interest and Missed Payments, on the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities.

Ranking

Senior Debt Securities. Senior Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto constitute our direct, unconditional, unsecured and unsubordinated obligations ranking pari passu, without any preference among themselves, with all our other outstanding unsecured and unsubordinated obligations, present and future, except such obligations as are preferred by operation of law.

Dated Subordinated Debt Securities. Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto constitute our direct and unsecured obligations ranking pari passu without any preference among themselves. In the event of our winding-up in England (liquidation), the claims of the trustee, the holders of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and the holders of the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto, will be postponed to the claims of all of our other creditors, including any claims related to the Senior Debt Securities, except for:

 

 

claims in respect of Existing Senior Subordinated Obligations, Capital Note Claims and Subordinated Guarantee Claims (each as defined in the Dated Debt Indenture) and any other claims ranking or expressed to rank equally with them and/or with claims in respect of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities (“Dated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims”); and

 

 

any other claims ranking junior to the excepted claims referred to above and/or to claims in respect of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities.

 

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The claims of such other creditors, with the foregoing exceptions, are referred to in this document as “Dated Debt Senior Claims”. Accordingly, no amount will be payable in our winding-up in respect of claims in relation to the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities or the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto until all Dated Debt Senior Claims admitted in our winding-up have been satisfied.

Any amounts in respect of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto paid to the holders of such Dated Subordinated Debt Securities, the holders of the Coupons appertaining thereto (if any) or to the trustee pari passu with the amounts payable to other creditors admitted in such winding up will be held by such holders or the trustee upon trust to be applied in the following order: (i) to the amounts due to the trustee in or about the execution of the trusts of the Dated Debt Indenture; (ii) in payment of all Dated Debt Senior Claims outstanding at the commencement of, or arising solely by virtue of, our winding up to the extent that such claims shall be admitted in the winding up and shall not be satisfied out of our other resources; and (iii) in payment of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto. By accepting the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities or the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto, each holder agrees to be bound by the Dated Debt Indenture’s subordination provisions and irrevocably authorizes our liquidator to perform on behalf of the holder the above subordination trust.

Because of subordination, in the event of our winding-up in England, our creditors who hold Dated Debt Senior Claims may recover more, ratably, than the holders of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities or the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto and Dated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims. At June 30, 2008, the amount of outstanding Dated Debt Senior Claims on a consolidated basis was approximately £1,311.575 billion (including £409.491 billion of deposits and £115.739 billion of debt securities in issue). Currently we have no limitations on issuing indebtedness which would constitute Dated Debt Senior Claims. At December 31, 2007, Dated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims on a consolidated basis were approximately £11.309 billion, consisting of debt securities we issued, our guarantees in respect of outstanding debt securities issued by our subsidiaries and intra-group loans to us. The amounts of all securities, guarantees or intra-group loans denominated in a currency other than pounds sterling included in the above totals have been converted at the exchange rates prevailing on June 30, 2008 or December 31, 2007, as applicable.

Undated Subordinated Debt Securities. The Undated Subordinated Debt Securities of each series will be our unsecured obligations, subject to the solvency condition and the subordination provisions described here. They will rank equally without any preference among themselves and will also rank equally as to subordination with our Undated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims (as defined in the Undated Debt Indenture).

The rights of the trustee and the holders of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto will be subordinated to the claims of our creditors:

 

 

who are our depositors and/or other unsubordinated creditors; or

 

 

whose claims are, or are expressed to be, subordinated to the claims of depositors and other unsubordinated creditors (whether only in our winding up or otherwise) but not to other claims; or

 

 

who are subordinated creditors (whether as above or otherwise) other than creditors whose claims constitute Undated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims and creditors whose claims are expressed to rank pari passu with or junior to the claims of the holders of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities.

These creditors, with the foregoing exceptions, are referred to in this document as “Undated Debt Senior Creditors” and the claims of Undated Debt Senior Creditors are referred to in this document as “Undated Debt Senior Claims”. In the event of our winding-up in England (liquidation) there shall be payable in respect of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto, in lieu of any other payment but subject to the solvency condition, those amounts (if any) as would have been payable as if on the day immediately before the commencement of our winding-up and thereafter, the holders of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities were the holders of a class of preference shares in our capital having a preferential right to a return of assets over the holders of all other classes of shares in our capital issued and outstanding. As a result the holders of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities would therefore be treated as entitled, to the exclusion of any other rights or privileges,

 

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to receive as a return of capital in the winding-up an amount equal to the principal amount of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities then outstanding, together with any premium and interest accrued to the date of repayment and any Missed Payments. Accordingly, no amount will be payable in our winding-up in England in respect of claims under any Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto, until all Undated Debt Senior Claims admitted in such winding-up have been satisfied.

Because of the subordination, in the event of our winding-up in England, holders of Undated Debt Senior Claims may recover more, ratably, than holders of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities, the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto and Undated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims. In this context, the claims of holders of any Senior Debt Securities, Dated Subordinated Debt Securities then outstanding, the Coupons (if any) appertaining thereto and Dated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims then outstanding, would be included in Undated Debt Senior Claims.

On June 30, 2008, the amount of outstanding Undated Debt Senior Claims on a consolidated basis was approximately £1,324.858 billion (including £409.491 billion of deposits and £115.739 billion of debt securities in issue). On December 31, 2007, an aggregate of approximately £3.73 billion of Undated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims on a consolidated basis were outstanding. Currently there is no limitation on our issuing indebtedness which would constitute Undated Debt Senior Claims. If, in our winding-up, the amounts payable with respect to the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and any Undated Debt Other Pari Passu Claims are not paid in full, the holders will share ratably in any distribution of our assets in proportion to the respective amounts to which they are entitled. The amounts of all securities, guarantees or intra-group loans denominated in a currency other than pounds sterling included in the above totals have been converted at the exchange rates prevailing on June 30, 2008 or December 31, 2007, as applicable.

Additional Amounts

Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, we will pay any amounts to be paid by us on any series of debt securities without deduction or withholding for, or on account of, any and all present or future income, stamp and other taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions or withholdings (“taxes”) now or hereafter imposed, levied, collected, withheld or assessed by or on behalf of the United Kingdom or any U.K. political subdivision or authority that has the power to tax, unless the deduction or withholding is required by law. Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, at any time a U.K. taxing jurisdiction requires us to deduct or withhold taxes, we will pay the additional amounts of, or in respect of, the principal of, any premium, and any interest, Deferred Payments, Tier 3 Deferred Payments and Missed Payments on the debt securities (“Additional Amounts”) that are necessary so that the net amounts paid to the holders, after the deduction or withholding, shall equal the amounts which would have been payable had no such deduction or withholding been required. However, we will not pay Additional Amounts for taxes that are payable because:

 

 

the holder or the beneficial owner of the debt securities is a domiciliary, national or resident of, or engages in business or maintains a permanent establishment or is physically present in, a U.K. taxing jurisdiction requiring that deduction or withholding, or otherwise has some connection with the U.K. taxing jurisdiction other than the holding or ownership of the debt security, or the collection of any payment of, or in respect of, principal of, any premium, or any interest, Deferred Payments, Tier 3 Deferred Payments and Missed Payments on, any debt securities of the relevant series;

 

 

except in the case of our winding-up in England, the relevant debt security is presented for payment in the United Kingdom;

 

 

the relevant debt security is presented for payment more than 30 days after the date payment became due or was provided for, whichever is later, except to the extent that the holder would have been entitled to the Additional Amounts on presenting the debt security for payment at the close of such 30-day period;

 

 

such deduction or withholding is imposed on a payment to an individual and is made pursuant to the Directive on the Taxation of Savings 2003/48/EC (the “Directive”) adopted by the Council of the European Union (the “Council”) on June 3, 2003 or any law implementing or complying with, or introduced in order to conform to, such Directive;

 

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the relevant debt security is presented for payment by or on behalf of a holder who would have been able to avoid such deduction or withholding by presenting the relevant debt security to another paying agent in a member state of the European Union (the “EU”) or elsewhere;

 

 

the holder or the beneficial owner of the relevant debt securities or the beneficial owner of any payment of, or in respect of, principal of, any premium, or any interest, Deferred Payments, Tier 3 Deferred Payments or Missed Payments on the debt securities failed to make any necessary claim or to comply with any certification, identification or other requirements concerning the nationality, residence, identity or connection with the taxing jurisdiction of the holder or beneficial owner, if that claim or compliance is required by statute, treaty, regulation or administrative practice of a U.K. taxing jurisdiction as a condition to relief or exemption from the taxes; or

 

 

if the taxes would not have been imposed or would have been excluded under one of the preceding points if the beneficial owner of, or person ultimately entitled to obtain an interest in, the debt securities had been the holder of the debt securities.

Whenever we refer in this prospectus and any prospectus supplement to the payment of the principal of, any premium, or any interest, Deferred Payments, Tier 3 Deferred Payments or Missed Payments, if any, on, or in respect of, any debt securities of any series, we mean to include the payment of Additional Amounts to the extent that, in context, Additional Amounts are, were or would be payable.

Redemption

Redemption or Conversion for tax reasons. Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, and, in the case of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities, if the solvency condition is satisfied, we will have the option to redeem the debt securities of any series upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice to the holders on any dates as are specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, and we will have the option of converting any Undated Subordinated Debt Securities that are convertible into preference shares, if:

 

 

we are required to issue definitive debt securities (see “—Legal Ownership; Form of Debt Securities—Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated”) and, as a result, we are or would be required to pay Additional Amounts with respect to the debt securities; or

 

 

we determine that as a result of a change in or amendment to the laws or regulations of a taxing jurisdiction, including any treaty to which the taxing jurisdiction is a party, or a change in an official application or interpretation of those laws or regulations, including a decision of any court or tribunal, which becomes effective on or after the date of the applicable prospectus supplement (and, in the case of a successor entity, which becomes effective on or after the date of that entity’s assumption of our obligations), we (or any successor entity) will or would be required to pay holders Additional Amounts, or we (or any successor entity) would not be entitled to claim a deduction in respect of any payments in computing our (or its) taxation liabilities.

In each case, before we give a notice of redemption or conversion, we shall be required to deliver to the trustee a written legal opinion of independent counsel of recognized standing, chosen by us, in a form satisfactory to the trustee confirming that we are entitled to exercise our right of redemption or conversion. The redemption or conversion must be made in respect of all, but not some, of the debt securities of the relevant series. The redemption price will be equal to 100% of the principal amount of debt securities being redeemed together with any accrued but unpaid interest, Deferred Payments, Tier 3 Deferred Payments and Missed Payments, if any, in respect of such debt securities to the date fixed for redemption or, in the case of Discount Securities, such portion of the principal amount of such Discount Securities as may be specified by their terms.

Optional Redemption. The relevant prospectus supplement will specify whether we may redeem the debt securities of any series, in whole or in part, at our option, in any other circumstances. The prospectus supplement will also specify the notice we will be required to give, what prices and any premium we will pay, and the dates on which we may redeem the debt securities. Any notice of redemption of debt securities will state:

 

 

the date fixed for redemption;

 

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the amount of debt securities to be redeemed if we are only redeeming a part of the series;

 

 

the redemption price;

 

 

that on the date fixed for redemption the redemption price will become due and payable on each debt security to be redeemed and, if applicable, that any interest will cease to accrue on or after the redemption date;

 

 

the place or places at which each holder may obtain payment of the redemption price; and

 

 

the CUSIP number or numbers, if any, with respect to the debt securities.

In the case of a partial redemption, the trustee shall select the debt securities that we will redeem in any manner it deems fair and appropriate.

We or any of our subsidiaries may at any time purchase debt securities of any series in the open market or by tender (available alike to each holder of debt securities of the relevant series) or by private agreement, if applicable law allows, and, in the case of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities, if the solvency condition is satisfied. We will treat as cancelled and no longer issued and outstanding any debt securities of any series that we purchase beneficially for our own account, other than a purchase in the ordinary course of a business dealing in securities.

We may not redeem at our option any Dated Subordinated Debt Securities nor may we or any of our subsidiaries purchase beneficially or procure others to purchase beneficially for our accounts any Dated Subordinated Debt Securities, other than a purchase in the ordinary course of a business dealing in securities, unless our Auditors shall have reported to the trustee within six months before such redemption or purchase that, in their opinion, based on the most recent published consolidated balance sheet of us and our Subsidiary Undertakings, as defined in the indenture, available at the date of our report, the aggregate book value of the tangible assets of us and our Subsidiary Undertakings exceeds the aggregate book value of the liabilities of us and our Subsidiary Undertakings. We may not redeem any Undated Subordinated Debt Securities unless the solvency condition is satisfied.

In addition, we may not redeem or repurchase any Subordinated Debt Securities, other than a repurchase in the ordinary course of a business dealing in securities, prior to the fifth anniversary of their date of issue (or, in the case of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities qualifying as “Upper Tier 3 capital”, prior to the second anniversary of their date of issue) unless:

 

 

the circumstances that entitles us to exercise that right of redemption is a change in law or regulation in any relevant jurisdiction or in the interpretation of such law or regulation by any court or authority entitled to do so;

 

 

at the time of the exercise of that right of redemption, we comply with the FSA’s main Pillar 1 rules applicable to BIPRU firms (within the meaning of the FSA’s General Prudential Sourcebook) and continue to do so after the redemption of the relevant securities; and

 

 

we have obtained the FSA’s prior consent to the redemption of the relevant securities.

Convertible or Exchangeable Securities

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, optionally convertible or exchangeable securities will entitle the holder, during a period, or at specific times, to convert or exchange optionally convertible or exchangeable securities into or for the underlying security, basket or baskets of securities, index or indices of securities, or combination of these, at a specified rate of exchange. Optionally convertible or exchangeable securities will be redeemable at our option prior to maturity, if the applicable prospectus supplement so states. If a holder does not elect to convert or exchange the optionally convertible or exchangeable securities before maturity or any applicable redemption date, the holder will receive the principal amount of the optionally convertible or exchangeable securities.

 

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Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, the holder is not entitled to convert or exchange mandatorily convertible or exchangeable securities before maturity. At maturity, the holder must convert or exchange the mandatorily convertible or exchangeable securities for the underlying security, basket or baskets of securities or index or indices of securities, or a combination of these, at a specified rate of exchange, and, therefore, the holder may receive less than the principal amount of the mandatorily convertible or exchangeable security. If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, the specified rate at which a mandatorily convertible or exchangeable security will be converted or exchanged may vary depending on the value of the underlying securities, basket or baskets of securities, index or indices of securities, or combination of these so that, upon conversion or exchange, the holder participates in a percentage, which may be other than 100%, of the change in value of the underlying securities, basket or baskets, index or indices of securities, or combination of these.

Upon conversion or exchange, at maturity or otherwise, the holder of a convertible or exchangeable security may receive, at the specified exchange rate, either the underlying security or the securities constituting the relevant basket or baskets, index or indices, or combination of these, or the cash value thereof, as the applicable prospectus supplement may specify.

In addition, subject to certain conditions specified in the applicable prospectus supplement and unless it specifies otherwise, we may choose to convert all but not part of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities into preference shares, on any payment date. You should refer to the applicable prospectus supplement for a description of the terms and conditions of this conversion.

Modification and Waiver

We and the trustee may make certain modifications and amendments to the indenture applicable to each series of debt securities without the consent of the holders of the debt securities. We may make other modifications and amendments with the consent of the holder(s) of not less than, in the case of the Senior Debt Securities, a majority of or, in the case of the Subordinated Debt Securities, 66 2/3% in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of the series outstanding under the applicable indenture that are affected by the modification or amendment. However, we may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holder of each affected debt security that would:

 

 

change the terms of any debt security to include, in the case of an Undated Subordinated Debt Security, a maturity date of its principal amount, or in the case of any other debt security, change the stated maturity date of its principal amount;

 

 

the principal amount of, or any premium, or interest, Deferred Payments, Tier 3 Deferred Payments or Missed Payments, with respect to any debt security;

 

 

reduce the amount of principal on a Discount Security that would be due and payable upon an acceleration of the maturity date of any series of Senior Debt Securities or Dated Subordinated Debt Securities;

 

 

change our obligation, or any successor’s, to pay Additional Amounts;

 

 

change the places at which payments are payable or the currency of payment;

 

 

impair the right to sue for the enforcement of any payment due and payable;

 

 

reduce the percentage in aggregate principal amount of outstanding debt securities of the series necessary to modify or amend the indenture or to waive compliance with certain provisions of the indenture and any past Senior Event of Default, Subordinated Event of Default, Dated Debt Default or Undated Debt Default (in each case as defined below);

 

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change our obligation to maintain an office or agency in the place and for the purposes specified in the indenture;

 

 

change the terms and conditions of the preference shares or other securities into which the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities may be converted;

 

 

modify the subordination provisions, if any, or the terms and conditions of our obligations in respect of the due and punctual payment of the amounts due and payable on the debt securities, in either case in a manner adverse to the holders; or

 

 

modify the foregoing requirements or the provisions of the indenture relating to the waiver of any past Senior Event of Default, Subordinated Event of Default, Dated Debt Default or Undated Debt Default or covenants, except as otherwise specified.

In addition, under the practice of the FSA prevailing as of the date of this prospectus, material variations in the terms and conditions of Subordinated Debt Securities of any series, including modifications relating to the subordination or redemption provisions of such securities, may not be made unless at least one month before the amendment is due to take effect we have given the FSA notice in writing (in the form required by the FSA) of the proposed amendment and the FSA has not objected to such amendment.

Senior Events of Default; Subordinated Events of Default and Defaults; Limitation of Remedies

Senior Events of Default

Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, a “Senior Event of Default” with respect to any series of Senior Debt Securities shall result if:

 

 

we do not pay any principal or interest on any Senior Debt Securities of that series within 14 days from the due date for payment and the principal or interest has not been duly paid within a further 14 days following written notice from the trustee or from holders of 25% in principal amount of the Senior Debt Securities of that series to us requiring the payment to be made. It shall not, however, be a Senior Event of Default if during the 14 days after the notice we satisfy the trustee that such sums (“Withheld Amounts”) were not paid in order to comply with a law, regulation or order of any court of competent jurisdiction. Where there is doubt as to the validity or applicability of any such law, regulation or order, it shall not be a Senior Event of Default if we act on the advice given to us during the 14-day period by independent legal advisers approved by the trustee; or

 

 

we breach any covenant or warranty of the Senior Debt Indenture (other than as stated above with respect to payments when due) and that breach has not been remedied within 21 days of receipt of a written notice from the trustee certifying that in its opinion the breach is materially prejudicial to the interests of the holders of the Senior Debt Securities of that series and requiring the breach to be remedied or from holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the Senior Debt Securities of that series requiring the breach to be remedied; or

 

 

either an English court of competent jurisdiction issues an order which is not successfully appealed within 30 days, or an effective shareholders’ resolution is validly adopted, for our winding-up (other than under or in connection with a scheme of reconstruction, merger or amalgamation not involving bankruptcy or insolvency).

If a Senior Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in outstanding principal amount of the Senior Debt Securities of that series may at their discretion declare the Senior Debt Securities of that series to be due and repayable immediately (and the Senior Debt Securities of that series shall thereby become due and repayable) at their outstanding principal amount (or at such other repayment amount as may be specified in or determined in accordance with the relevant prospectus supplement) together with accrued interest, if any, as provided in the prospectus supplement. The trustee may at its discretion and without further notice institute

 

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such proceedings as it may think suitable, against us to enforce payment. Subject to the indenture provisions for the indemnification of the trustee, the holder(s) of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Debt Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding in the name of and on the behalf of the trustee for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the series. However, this direction must not be in conflict with any rule of law or the Senior Debt Indenture, and must not be unjustly prejudicial to the holder(s) of any Senior Debt Securities of that series not taking part in the direction, as determined by the trustee. The trustee may also take any other action, consistent with the direction, that it deems proper.

If lawful, Withheld Amounts or a sum equal to Withheld Amounts shall be placed promptly on interest bearing deposit as described in the Senior Debt Indenture. We will give notice if at any time it is lawful to pay any Withheld Amount to holders of Senior Debt Securities or holders of Coupons or if such payment is possible as soon as any doubt as to the validity or applicability of the law, regulation or order is resolved. The notice will give the date on which the Withheld Amount and the interest accrued on it will be paid. This date will be the earliest day after the day on which it is decided Withheld Amounts can be paid on which the interest bearing deposit falls due for repayment or may be repaid without penalty. On such date, we shall be bound to pay the Withheld Amount together with interest accrued on it. For the purposes of this subsection this date will be the due date for those sums. Our obligations under this paragraph are in lieu of any other remedy against us in respect of Withheld Amounts. Payment will be subject to applicable laws, regulations or court orders, but in the case of payment of any Withheld Amount, without prejudice to the provisions described under “—Additional Amounts”. Interest accrued on any Withheld Amount will be paid net of any taxes required by applicable law to be withheld or deducted and we shall not be obliged to pay any Additional Amount in respect of any such withholding or deduction.

The holder(s) of a majority of the aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Senior Debt Securities of any affected series may waive any past Senior Event of Default with respect to the series, except any default in respect of either:

 

 

the payment of principal of, or any premium, or interest, on any Senior Debt Securities; or

 

 

a covenant or provision of the relevant indenture which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each holder of Senior Debt Securities of the series.

Subject to exceptions, the trustee may, without the consent of the holders, waive or authorize a Senior Event of Default if, in the opinion of the trustee, such waiver or authorization would not be materially prejudicial to the interests of the holders.

The trustee will, within 90 days of a default with respect to the Senior Debt Securities of any series, give to each affected holder of the Senior Debt Securities of the affected series notice of any default it knows about, unless the default has been cured or waived. However, except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on the Senior Debt Securities, the trustee will be entitled to withhold notice if the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors or responsible officers of the trustee determine in good faith that withholding of notice is in the interest of the holder(s).

We are required to furnish to the trustee annually a statement as to our compliance with all conditions and covenants under the Senior Debt Indenture.

Notwithstanding any contrary provisions, nothing shall impair the right of a holder, absent the holder’s consent, to sue for any payments due but unpaid with respect to the Senior Debt Securities.

Street name and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how to give notice or direction to or make a request of the trustee and how to waive a Senior Event of Default.

 

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Subordinated Events of Default

If either a court of competent jurisdiction issues an order which is not successfully appealed within 30 days, or an effective shareholders’ resolution is validly adopted, for our winding-up, other than under or in connection with a scheme of amalgamation, merger or reconstruction not involving a bankruptcy or insolvency, that order or resolution will constitute a “Subordinated Event of Default” with respect to all of the Subordinated Debt Securities. If a Subordinated Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the trustee or the holder(s) of at least 25% in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Subordinated Debt Securities of each series may declare any accrued but unpaid payments, or, in the case of Discount Securities, the portion of principal amount specified in its terms, on the debt securities of the series to be due and payable immediately. However, after this declaration but before the trustee obtains a judgment or decree for payment of money due, the holder(s) of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Subordinated Debt Securities of the series may rescind the declaration of acceleration and its consequences, but only if the Subordinated Event of Default has been cured or waived and all payments due, other than those due as a result of acceleration, have been made.

Dated Debt Defaults. Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, a “Dated Debt Default” with respect to any series of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities shall result if we do not pay any installment of interest upon, or any part of the principal of, and any premium on, any Dated Subordinated Debt Securities of that series on the date on which the payment is due and payable, whether upon redemption or otherwise, and the failure continues for 14 days in the case of interest and seven days in the case of principal. Current FSA regulations do not permit us to provide for any additional events of default with respect to Dated Subordinated Debt Securities.

If a Dated Debt Default occurs and is continuing, the trustee may pursue all legal remedies available to it, including the institution of proceedings for our winding-up in England (but not elsewhere), but the trustee may not declare the principal amount of any outstanding Dated Subordinated Debt Securities due and payable. However, failure to make any payment in respect of a series of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities shall not be a Dated Debt Default if the payment is withheld or refused either:

 

 

in order to comply with any fiscal or other law or regulation or with the order of any court of competent jurisdiction; or

 

 

in case of doubt as to the validity or applicability of any such law, regulation or order, in accordance with advice given as to such validity or applicability at any time before the expiry of the 14-day period in the case of payment of interest or 7-day period in the case of payment of principal by independent legal advisers acceptable to the trustee.

In the second case, however, the trustee may, by notice to us, require us to take action, including proceedings for a court declaration, to resolve the doubt, if counsel advises it that the action is appropriate and reasonable. In this situation we will take the action promptly and be bound by any final resolution of the doubt. If the action results in a determination that we can make the relevant payment without violating any law, regulation or order then the payment shall become due and payable on the expiration of the 14-day period in the case of payment of interest or seven-day period in the case of payment of principal after the trustee gives us written notice informing us of the determination.

By accepting a Dated Subordinated Debt Security each holder and the trustee will be deemed to have waived any right of set-off or counterclaim that they might otherwise have against us. No holder of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities shall be entitled to proceed directly against us unless the trustee has become bound to proceed but fails to do so within a reasonable period and the failure is continuing.

Undated Debt Defaults. Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, an Undated Debt Default shall result if, with respect to any series of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities, we fail to pay:

 

 

any Missed Payments on or prior to any date upon which a dividend is next paid on any class of share capital of Barclays PLC, or any other ultimate holding company of us, or if there is no holding company, ourselves, or on any class of our preference share capital, and this failure continues for 30 days; or

 

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the principal amount and any premium, or any accrued but unpaid interest and any Missed Payments on the date fixed for redemption of such Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and this failure continues for seven business days.

If any Undated Debt Default occurs and is continuing, the trustee may pursue all legal remedies available to it, including the institution of proceedings for our winding-up in England (but not elsewhere), but the trustee may not declare the principal amount of any outstanding Undated Subordinated Debt Securities due and payable. For the purposes of determining whether an Undated Debt Default has occurred, a payment shall not be deemed to be due on any date on which the solvency condition is not satisfied, but this does not apply in regard to proceedings by the trustee for our winding-up in England. However, the trustee may not commence proceedings for our winding-up in England for failure to make any payment in respect of a series of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities if the payment is withheld or refused either:

 

 

in order to comply with any fiscal or other law or regulation or with the order of any court of jurisdiction; or

 

 

in case of doubt as to the validity or applicability of any such law, regulation or order, in accordance with advice given as to such validity or applicability at any time before the expiry of the 30-day or seven-business day period, as applicable, by independent legal advisers acceptable to the trustee.

In the second case, however, the trustee may, by notice to us, require us to take action, including proceedings for a court declaration, to resolve the doubt, if counsel advises it that the action is appropriate and reasonable. In this case we shall proceed with the action promptly and be bound by any final resolution of the doubt. If the action results in a determination that we can make the relevant payment without violating any law, regulation or order then the payment shall become due and payable on the expiration of the 30-day or seven-business day period, as applicable, after the trustee gives us written notice informing us of the determination.

By accepting an Undated Subordinated Debt Security, each holder and the trustee will be deemed to have waived any right of set-off or counterclaim that they might otherwise have against us with respect to the Undated Subordinated Debt Security or the applicable indenture. No holder of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities shall be entitled to proceed directly against us unless the trustee has become bound to proceed but fails to do so within a reasonable period, and the failure is continuing.

Waiver; Trustee’s Duties—Subordinated Debt Securities. The holder(s) of not less than a majority in aggregate principal amount of the debt securities of any affected series may waive any past Subordinated Event of Default, Dated Debt Default or Undated Debt Default with respect to the series, except any default in respect of either:

 

 

the payment of principal of, or any premium, or interest, Deferred Payments, Tier 3 Deferred Payments or Missed Payments on any Subordinated Debt Securities; or

 

 

a covenant or provision of the relevant indenture which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of each holder of Subordinated Debt Securities of the series.

Subject to the applicable indenture provisions regarding the trustee’s duties, in case a Subordinated Event of Default, Dated Debt Default or Undated Debt Default occurs and is continuing with respect to the debt securities of any series, the trustee will have no obligation to any holder(s) of the Subordinated Debt Securities of that series, unless they have offered the trustee reasonable indemnity. Subject to the indenture provisions for the indemnification of the trustee, the holder(s) of a majority in aggregate principal amount of the outstanding Subordinated Debt Securities of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding in the name of and on the behalf of the trustee for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the series. However, this direction must not be in conflict with any rule of law or the applicable indenture, and must not be unjustly prejudicial to the holder(s) of any Subordinated Debt Securities of that series not taking part in the direction, as determined by the trustee. The trustee may also take any other action, consistent with the direction, that it deems proper.

 

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The trustee will, within 90 days of a default with respect to the Subordinated Debt Securities of any series, give to each affected holder of the Subordinated Debt Securities of the affected series notice of any default it knows about, unless the default has been cured or waived. However, except in the case of a default in the payment of the principal of, or premium, if any, or interest, if any, on any Subordinated Debt Securities, the trustee will be entitled to withhold notice if the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors or responsible officers of the trustee determine in good faith that withholding of notice is in the interest of the holder(s).

We are required to furnish to the trustee annually a statement as to our compliance with all conditions and covenants under each Subordinated Debt Indenture.

Limitations on suits. Before a holder may bypass the trustee and bring its own lawsuit or other formal legal action or take other steps to enforce its rights or protect its interests relating to the debt securities, the following must occur:

 

 

The holder must give the trustee written notice that an event of default has occurred and remains uncured.

 

 

The holders of 25% in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of the relevant series must make a written request that the trustee take action because of the default, and the holder must offer reasonable indemnity to the trustee against the cost and other liabilities of taking that action.

 

 

The trustee must not have taken action for 60 days after receipt of the above notice and offer of indemnity, and the trustee must not have received an inconsistent direction from the majority in principal amount of all outstanding debt securities of the relevant series during that period.

 

 

In the case of our winding-up in England, such legal action or proceeding is in the name and on behalf of the trustee to the same extent, but no further, as the trustee would have been entitled to do.

Notwithstanding any contrary provisions, nothing shall impair the right of a holder, absent the holder’s consent, to sue for any payments due but unpaid with respect to the Subordinated Debt Securities.

Street name and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how to give notice or direction to or make a request of the trustee and how to waive any past Subordinated Event of Default, Dated Debt Default or Undated Debt Default.

Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets; Assumption

We may, without the consent of the holders of any of the debt securities, consolidate with, merge into or transfer or lease our assets substantially as an entirety to, any person of the persons specified in the applicable indenture. However, any successor corporation formed by any consolidation or amalgamation, or any transferee or lessee of our assets, must be a bank organized under the laws of the United Kingdom that assumes our obligations on the debt securities and the applicable indenture, and a number of other conditions must be met.

Subject to applicable law and regulation, any of our wholly-owned subsidiaries may assume our obligations under the debt securities of any series without the consent of any holder. We, however, must irrevocably guarantee (on a subordinated basis in substantially the manner described under “—Ranking” above, in the case of Subordinated Debt Securities) the obligations of the subsidiary under the debt securities of that series. If we do, all of our direct obligations under the debt securities of the series and the applicable indenture shall immediately be discharged. Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, any Additional Amounts under the debt securities of the series will be payable in respect of taxes imposed by the jurisdiction in which the successor entity is organized, rather than taxes imposed by a U.K. taxing jurisdiction, subject to exceptions equivalent to those that apply to any obligation to pay Additional Amounts in respect of taxes imposed by a U.K. taxing jurisdiction. However, if we make payment under this guarantee, we shall also be required to pay Additional Amounts related to taxes (subject to the exceptions set forth in “—Additional Amounts” above) imposed by a U.K. taxing jurisdiction due to this guarantee payment. A subsidiary that assumes our obligations will also be entitled to redeem the debt securities of the relevant series in the circumstances described in “—Redemption” above with respect to any change or amendment to, or change in the application or interpretation of the laws or regulations (including any treaty) of the

 

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assuming corporation’s jurisdiction of incorporation as long as the change or amendment occurs after the date of the subsidiary’s assumption of our obligations. However, the determination of whether the applicable solvency condition has been satisfied shall continue to be made with reference to us, unless applicable law requires otherwise.

The U.S. Internal Revenue Service might deem an assumption of our obligations as described above to be an exchange of the existing debt securities for new debt securities, resulting in a recognition of taxable gain or loss and possibly other adverse tax consequences. Investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of such an assumption.

Governing Law

The debt securities and indentures will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York, except that, as specified in the relevant Subordinated Debt Indenture, the subordination provisions of each series of Subordinated Debt Securities and the related indenture will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of England.

Notices

Notices regarding the debt securities will be valid:

 

 

with respect to global debt securities in bearer form, if in writing and delivered or mailed to each direct holder;

 

 

if registered debt securities are affected, if given in writing and mailed to each direct holder as provided in the applicable indenture; or

 

 

with respect to bearer definitive debt securities, if published at least once in an Authorized Newspaper (as defined in the indentures) in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City and as the applicable prospectus supplement may specify otherwise.

Any notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such publication or, if published more than once, on the date of the first publication. If publication is not practicable, notice will be valid if given in any other manner, and deemed to have been given on the date, as we shall determine.

The Trustee

The Bank of New York Mellon will be the trustee under the indentures. The trustee has two principal functions:

 

 

First, it can enforce a holder’s rights against us if we default on debt securities issued under the indenture. There are some limitations on the extent to which the trustee acts on a holder’s behalf, described under “Senior Events of Default; Subordinated Events of Default and Defaults; Limitation of Remedies”; and

 

 

Second, the trustee performs administrative duties for us, such as sending the holder’s interest payments, transferring debt securities to a new buyer and sending notices to holders.

We and some of our subsidiaries maintain deposit accounts and conduct other banking transactions with the trustee in the ordinary course of our respective businesses.

Consent to Service

The indentures provide that we irrevocably designate Barclays Bank PLC, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, Attention: General Counsel as our authorized agent for service of process in any proceeding arising out of or relating to the indentures or debt securities brought in any federal or state court in New York City and we irrevocably submit to the jurisdiction of these courts.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF WARRANTS

The following is a summary of the general terms of the warrants. It sets forth possible terms and provisions for each series of warrants. Each time that we offer warrants, we will prepare and file a prospectus supplement with the SEC, which you should read carefully. The prospectus supplement may contain additional terms and provisions of those securities. If there is any inconsistency between the terms and provisions presented here and those in the prospectus supplement, those in the prospectus supplement will apply and will replace those presented here.

We will issue each series of warrants under either an indenture between us and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, or a warrant agreement between us and the applicable warrant agent. The terms of the warrants include those stated in the relevant indenture or agreement and any supplements thereto. We have filed each of the form of warrant indenture and warrant agreement as an exhibit to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part. If we issue a series of warrants under a warrant agreement, we will file that agreement either as an exhibit to an amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or as an exhibit to a current report on Form 6-K.

Because this section is a summary, it does not describe every aspect of the warrants in detail. This summary is subject to, and qualified by reference to, all of the definitions and provisions of the relevant indenture or agreement, any supplement to the relevant indenture or agreement and each series of warrants. Certain terms, unless otherwise defined here, have the meaning given to them in the relevant indenture or agreement.

General

We may issue warrants that are debt warrants or universal warrants. We will issue each series of warrants under either a warrant indenture or a warrant agreement. We may offer warrants separately or together with our debt securities. When we refer to a series of warrants, we mean all warrants issued as part of the same series under the applicable indenture or agreement. We may issue warrants in such amounts or in as many distinct series as we wish.

Debt Warrants

We may issue warrants for the purchase of our debt securities on terms to be determined at the time of sale. We refer to this type of warrant as a “debt warrant”.

Universal Warrants

We may also issue warrants, on terms to be determined at the time of sale, for the purchase or sale of, or whose cash value is determined by reference to the performance, level or value of, one or more of the following:

 

 

securities of one or more issuers, including our preferred stock or other securities (other than our ordinary shares or ordinary shares of Barclays PLC) described in this prospectus or debt or equity securities of third parties;

 

 

one or more currencies;

 

 

one or more commodities;

 

 

any other financial, economic or other measure or instrument, including the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event or circumstance; and

 

 

one or more indices or baskets of the items described above.

We refer to this type of warrant as a “universal warrant”. When we refer to “warrant property”, we mean such of each property described in the first four bullet points above as may be purchased or sold pursuant to a warrant, or by reference to which the cash value of a warrant is determined or linked.

 

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We may satisfy our obligations, if any, and the holder of a universal warrant may satisfy its obligations, if any, with respect to any universal warrants by delivering:

 

 

the warrant property;

 

 

the cash value of the warrant property; or

 

 

the cash value of the warrants determined by reference to the performance, level or value of the warrant property.

The prospectus supplement will describe what we may deliver to satisfy our obligations, if any, and what the holder of a universal warrant may deliver to satisfy its obligations, if any, with respect to any universal warrants.

Legal Ownership; Form of Warrants

Street Name and Other Indirect Holders. Investors who hold warrants in accounts at banks or brokers will generally not be recognized by us as legal holders of warrants. This is called holding in street name.

Instead, we would recognize only the bank or broker, or the financial institution the bank or broker uses to hold its warrants. These intermediary banks, brokers and other financial institutions pass along warrant property and other payments on the warrants, either because they agree to do so in their customer agreements or because they are legally required. An investor who holds warrants in street name should check with the investor’s own intermediary institution to find out:

 

 

how it handles warrant payments or delivers warrant property and notices;

 

 

whether it imposes fees or charges;

 

 

how it would handle voting if it were ever required;

 

 

whether and how the investor can instruct it to send the investor’s warrants, registered in the investor’s own name so the investor can be a direct holder as described below; and

 

 

how it would pursue rights under the warrants if there were a default or other event triggering the need for holders to act to protect their interests.

Direct Holders. Our obligations, as well as the obligations of the trustee or any warrant agent and those of any third parties employed by us or the trustee or any warrant agent, under the warrants, the warrant indenture and any warrant agreement run only to persons who are registered as holders of warrants. As noted above, we do not have obligations to an investor who holds in street name or other indirect means, either because the investor chooses to hold warrants in that manner or because the warrants are issued in the form of global securities as described below. For example, once we make payment to the registered holder, we have no further responsibility for the payment even if that holder is legally required to pass the payment along to the investor as a street name customer but does not do so.

Global Securities. A global security is a special type of indirectly held security, as described above under “—Legal Ownership; Form of Warrants—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”. If we issue warrants in the form of global securities, the ultimate beneficial owners can only be indirect holders.

We require that the global security be registered in the name of a financial institution we select. In addition, we require that the warrants included in the global security not be transferred to the name of any other direct holder unless the special circumstances described in the section “Global Securities” occur. The financial institution that acts as the sole direct holder of the global security is called the depositary. Any person wishing to own a security must do so indirectly by virtue of an account with a broker, bank or other financial institution that in turn has an account with the depositary. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates otherwise, each series of warrants will be issued only in the form of global securities.

 

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Further details of legal ownership are discussed in the section “Global Securities” below.

In the remainder of this description “holder” means direct holders and not street name or other indirect holders of warrants. Indirect holders should read the subsection entitled “—Legal Ownership; Form of Warrants—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”.

General Terms of Warrants

Because we are a holding company, our ability to perform our obligations on the warrants will depend in part on our ability to participate in distributions of assets from our subsidiaries. We discuss these matters above under “Description of Debt Securities—General”.

Neither the indenture nor any warrant agreement limits the number of warrants that we may issue.

The prospectus supplement will indicate, where applicable, for each series or of two or more related series of warrants:

 

 

the specific designation and aggregate number of, the warrants;

 

 

the prices at which we will issue the warrants;

 

 

the currency with which the warrants may be purchased;

 

 

the date on which the right to exercise the warrants will begin and the date on which that right will expire or, if the warrants may not be continuously exercised throughout that period, the specific date or dates on which the warrants may be exercised;

 

 

the minimum number, if any, of warrants that must be exercised at any one time, other than upon automatic exercise, if applicable;

 

 

the maximum number, if any, of warrants that may be exercised on any exercise date or during any exercise period, as applicable;

 

 

any provisions for the automatic exercise of the warrants at expiration or otherwise;

 

 

in the case of universal warrants, if the warrant property is an index or a basket of securities, a description of the index or basket of securities as the case may be;

 

 

in the case of universal warrants, if the warrant property is an index, a description of the method of providing for a substitute index or indices or otherwise determining the amount payable if any index changes or ceases to be made available by its publisher;

 

 

if applicable, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which we may redeem any warrants of the series at our option, in whole or in part and, if other than by a board resolution, the manner in which such election is evidenced;

 

 

the indenture or agreement under which we will issue the warrants;

 

 

whether the warrants will be issued in registered form (“registered securities”) or in bearer form (“bearer securities”) or both;

 

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if applicable, that any warrants shall be issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more global securities and, in such case, the respective depositaries;

 

 

the identities of the trustee or warrant agent, any depositaries and any paying, transfer, calculation or other agents for the warrants;

 

 

any listing of the warrants on a securities exchange; and

 

 

any other terms of the warrants.

No holder of a warrant will have any rights of a holder of the warrant property purchasable or deliverable under the warrant.

Holders of warrants have no voting rights except as explained below under “—Modification and Waiver” and “—Warrant Events of Default; Limitation of Remedies”.

Our affiliates may resell warrants in market-making transactions after their initial issuance. We discuss these transactions above under “Description of Debt Securities—General—Market-Making Transactions”.

Additional Terms of Warrants

Debt Warrants

The prospectus supplement will further indicate, for each series or two or more related series of debt warrants:

 

 

the designation, aggregate principal amount, currency and terms of the debt securities that may be purchased upon exercise of the debt warrants;

 

 

the exercise price and whether the exercise price may be paid in cash, by the exchange of any debt warrants or other securities or both and the method of exercising the debt warrants; and

 

 

the designation, terms and amount of debt securities, if any, to be issued together with each of the debt warrants and the date, if any, after which the debt warrants and debt securities will be separately transferable.

Universal Warrants

The prospectus supplement will further indicate for each series or two or more related series of universal warrants:

 

 

whether the universal warrants are call warrants or put warrants, including in either case warrants that may be settled by means of net cash settlement or cashless exercise, or any other type of warrants;

 

 

the specific warrant property, as well as the amount or the method for determining the amount of the warrant property purchasable or saleable upon exercise of each warrant;

 

 

the price at which and the currency with which the warrant property may be purchased or sold by or on behalf of the holder of each universal warrant upon the exercise of that warrant, or the method of determining that price;

 

 

whether the exercise price may be paid in cash, by the exchange of any universal warrants or other securities or both, and the method of exercising the universal warrants; and

 

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whether the exercise of the universal warrants is to be settled in cash or by delivery of the warrant property or both and whether the election of such form of settlement is to be at our option or at the option of the holder of such warrant.

General Provisions of Warrant Indenture

We may issue universal warrants under the warrant indenture. Warrants of this kind will not be secured by any property or assets of Barclays Bank PLC or its subsidiaries. Thus, by owning a warrant issued under the indenture, you hold one of our unsecured obligations.

Ranking

The warrants issued under the indenture constitute our direct, unconditional, unsecured and unsubordinated obligations ranking pari passu, without any preference among themselves, with all our other outstanding unsecured and unsubordinated obligations, present and future, except such obligations as are preferred by operation of law.

Redemption

Redemption for tax reasons. Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, we will have the option to redeem the warrants of any series upon not less than 30 nor more than 60 days’ notice to the holders on any dates as are specified in the applicable prospectus supplement, if we determine that as a result of a change in or amendment to the laws or regulations of a taxing jurisdiction, including any treaty to which the taxing jurisdiction is a party, or a change in an official application or interpretation of those laws or regulations, including a decision of any court or tribunal, which becomes effective on or after the date of the applicable prospectus supplement (and, in the case of a successor entity, which becomes effective on or after the date of that entity’s assumption of our obligations), we (or any successor entity) will become subject to any adverse tax consequences.

Before we give a notice of redemption or conversion, we shall be required to deliver to the trustee a written legal opinion of independent counsel of recognized standing, chosen by us, in a form satisfactory to the trustee confirming that we are entitled to exercise our right of redemption or conversion. The redemption or conversion must be made in respect of all, but not some, of the warrants of the relevant series. The relevant pricing supplement will specify the applicable redemption price for the warrants.

Optional Redemption. The relevant prospectus supplement will specify whether we may redeem the warrants of any series, in whole or in part, at our option, in any other circumstances. The prospectus supplement will also specify the notice we will be required to give, what prices and any premium we will pay, and the dates on which we may redeem the warrants. Any notice of redemption of warrants will state:

 

 

the date fixed for redemption;

 

 

the redemption price;

 

 

the amount of warrants to be redeemed if we are only redeeming a part of the series;

 

 

that on the date fixed for redemption the redemption price will become due and payable on each warrant to be redeemed;

 

 

the place or places at which each holder may obtain payment of the redemption price;

 

 

if applicable, the terms of exercise, the date on which the right to exercise the warrant terminates and the place or places where such warrants may be surrendered for exercise; and

 

 

the CUSIP number or numbers, if any, with respect to the warrants.

 

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In the case of a partial redemption, the trustee shall select the warrants that we will redeem in any manner it deems fair and appropriate.

We or any of our subsidiaries may at any time purchase warrants of any series in the open market or by tender (available alike to each holder of warrants of the relevant series) or by private agreement, if applicable law allows. We will treat as cancelled and no longer issued and outstanding any warrants of any series that we purchase beneficially for our own account, other than a purchase in the ordinary course of a business dealing in securities.

Modification and Waiver

We and the trustee may make certain modifications and amendments to the indenture applicable to each series of warrants without the consent of the holders of the warrants. We may make other modifications and amendments with the consent of the holder(s) of not less than a majority in number of the warrants of the series outstanding under the indenture that are affected by the modification or amendment. However, we may not make any modification or amendment without the consent of the holder of each affected warrant that would:

 

 

change the terms of any warrant with respect to the payment or settlement date of the warrant;

 

 

change the exercise price of the warrant;

 

 

reduce the amount of money payable or reduce the amount or change the kind of warrant property deliverable upon the exercise of the warrant or any premium payable upon redemption of the warrant;

 

 

change the places at which payments are payable or the currency of payment;

 

 

permit redemption of a warrant if not previously permitted;

 

 

impair a holder’s right to exercise its warrant, or sue for payment or delivery of any money or warrant property payable or deliverable with respect to its warrant on or after the payment or settlement date, or in the case of redemption, the redemption date;

 

 

reduce the percentage in number of outstanding warrants of the series necessary to modify or amend the indenture or to waive compliance with certain provisions of the indenture and any past Warrant Event of Default (as defined below);

 

 

change our obligation to maintain an office or agency in the place and for the purposes specified in the indenture;

 

 

modify the terms and conditions of our obligations in respect of the due and punctual payment or delivery of money or warrant property due and payable or deliverable on the warrants, in a manner adverse to the holders; or

 

 

modify the foregoing requirements or the provisions of the indenture relating to the waiver of any past Warrant Event of Default or covenants, except as otherwise specified.

Warrant Events of Default; Limitation of Remedies

Warrant Events of Default . Unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise, a “Warrant Event of Default” with respect to any warrant shall result if:

 

 

we do not pay any money or deliver any warrant property with respect to that warrant on the payment or settlement date in accordance with the terms of that warrant. It shall not, however, be a Warrant Event of Default if we satisfy the trustee that such sums or warrant property (“Withheld Amounts”) were not paid or delivered in order to comply with a law, regulation or order of any court of competent jurisdiction. Where

 

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there is doubt as to the validity or applicability of any such law, regulation or order, it shall not be a Warrant Event of Default if we act on the advice given to us during a 14-day period by independent legal advisers approved by the trustee; or

 

 

we breach any covenant or warranty of the warrant indenture (other than as stated above with respect to payments when due) and that breach has not been remedied within 21 days of receipt of a written notice from the trustee requiring the breach to be remedied or from holders of at least 25% in number of the outstanding warrants of the relevant series requiring the breach to be remedied; or

 

 

either an English court of competent jurisdiction issues an order which is not successfully appealed within 30 days, or an effective shareholders’ resolution is validly adopted, for our winding-up (other than under or in connection with a scheme of reconstruction, merger or amalgamation not involving bankruptcy or insolvency).

If a Warrant Event of Default occurs and is continuing, the trustee may at its discretion and without further notice institute such proceedings as it may think suitable, against us to enforce payment. Subject to the indenture provisions for the indemnification of the trustee, the holder(s) of a majority in number of the outstanding warrants of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding in the name of and on the behalf of the trustee for any remedy available to the trustee or exercising any trust or power conferred on the trustee with respect to the series. However, this direction must not be in conflict with any rule of law or the warrant indenture, and must not be unjustly prejudicial to the holder(s) of any warrants of that series not taking part in the direction, as determined by the trustee. The trustee may also take any other action, consistent with the direction, that it deems proper.

If lawful, Withheld Amounts or a sum equal to Withheld Amounts shall be placed promptly on interest bearing deposit as described in the warrant indenture. We will give notice if at any time it is lawful to pay any Withheld Amount to holders of warrants or if such payment is possible as soon as any doubt as to the validity or applicability of the law, regulation or order is resolved. The notice will give the date on which the Withheld Amount and the interest accrued on it will be paid. This date will be the earliest day after the day on which it is decided Withheld Amounts can be paid on which the interest bearing deposit falls due for repayment or may be repaid without penalty. On such date, we shall be bound to pay the Withheld Amount together with interest accrued on it. For the purposes of this subsection this date will be the due date for those sums. Our obligations under this paragraph are in lieu of any other remedy against us in respect of Withheld Amounts. Payment will be subject to applicable laws, regulations or court orders. Interest accrued on any Withheld Amount will be paid net of any taxes required by applicable law to be withheld or deducted.

The holder(s) of a majority in number of the outstanding warrants of any affected series may waive any past Warrant Event of Default with respect to the series, except any default in respect of either:

 

 

the payment or delivery of money or warrant property in respect of any warrant of the series; or

 

 

a covenant or provision of the indenture which cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the holder of each outstanding warrant of the series.

Subject to exceptions, the trustee may, without the consent of the holders, waive or authorize a Warrant Event of Default if, in the opinion of the trustee, such waiver or authorization would not be materially prejudicial to the interests of the holders.

The trustee will, within 90 days of a default with respect to the warrants of any series, give to each affected holder of the warrants of the affected series notice of any default it knows about, unless the default has been cured or waived. However, except in the case of a default in the payment or delivery of any money or warrant property, the trustee will be entitled to withhold notice if the board of directors, the executive committee or a trust committee of directors or responsible officers of the trustee determine in good faith that withholding of notice is in the interest of the holder(s).

 

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We will furnish to the trustee annually a statement as to our compliance with all conditions and covenants under the warrant indenture.

Limitations on suits . Before a holder may bypass the trustee and bring its own lawsuit or other formal legal action or take other steps to enforce its rights or protect its interests relating to the warrants, the following must occur:

 

 

The holder must give the trustee written notice that an event of default has occurred and remains uncured.

 

 

The holders of 25% in number of the outstanding warrants of the relevant series must make a written request that the trustee take action because of the default, and the holder must offer reasonable indemnity to the trustee against the cost and other liabilities of taking that action.

 

 

The trustee must not have taken action for 60 days after receipt of the above notice and offer of indemnity, and the trustee must not have received an inconsistent direction from the majority in number of the outstanding warrants of the relevant series during that period.

 

 

In the case of our winding-up in England, such legal action or proceeding is in the name and on behalf of the trustee to the same extent, but no further, as the trustee would have been entitled to do.

Notwithstanding any contrary provisions, nothing shall impair the right of a holder, absent the holder’s consent, to sue for any payments or delivery of warrant property, as applicable, due but unpaid or not delivered with respect to the warrants.

Street name and other indirect owners should consult their banks or brokers for information on how to give notice or direction to or make a request of the trustee and how to waive any Warrant Event of Default.

Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets; Assumption

We may, without the consent of the holders of any of the warrants, consolidate with, merge into or transfer or lease our assets substantially as an entirety to, any person of the persons specified in the indenture. However, any successor corporation formed by any consolidation or amalgamation, or any transferee or lessee of our assets, must be a bank organized under the laws of the United Kingdom that assumes our obligations on the warrants and the applicable indenture, and a number of other conditions must be met.

Subject to applicable law and regulation, any of our wholly-owned subsidiaries may assume our obligations under the warrants of any series without the consent of any holder. We, however, must irrevocably guarantee the obligations of the subsidiary under the warrants of that series. If we do, all of our direct obligations under the warrants of the series and the applicable indenture shall immediately be discharged. A subsidiary that assumes our obligations will also be entitled to redeem the warrants of the relevant series in the circumstances described in “—Redemption” above with respect to any change or amendment to, or change in the application or interpretation of the laws or regulations (including any treaty) of the assuming corporation’s jurisdiction of incorporation as long as the change or amendment occurs after the date of the subsidiary’s assumption of our obligations.

The U.S. Internal Revenue Service might deem an assumption of our obligations as described above to be an exchange of the existing warrants for new warrants, resulting in a recognition of taxable gain or loss and possibly other adverse tax consequences. Investors should consult their tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of such an assumption.

Governing Law and Waiver of Jury Trial

The warrants and indenture will be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York. We and the trustee have agreed to waive the right to trial by jury with respect to any legal proceeding arising out of or relating to the warrant indenture or the warrants.

 

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Notices

Notices regarding the warrants will be valid:

 

 

with respect to global warrants in bearer form, if in writing and delivered or mailed to each direct holder;

 

 

if registered warrants are affected, if given in writing and mailed to each direct holder as provided in the indenture; or

 

 

with respect to bearer definitive warrants, if published at least once in an Authorized Newspaper (as defined in the indenture) in the Borough of Manhattan in New York City and as the applicable prospectus supplement may specify otherwise.

Any notice shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such publication or, if published more than once, on the date of the first publication. If publication is not practicable, notice will be valid if given in any other manner, and deemed to have been given on the date, as we shall determine.

Payment and Paying Agents

We will pay or deliver money or warrant property due on the warrants at the corporate trust office of the trustee in New York City. Holders of warrants must make arrangements to have their payments wired from or warrant property picked up at, as applicable, that office.

Street name and other indirect holders should consult their banks or brokers for information on how they will receive payments or deliveries of warrant property.

We may also arrange for additional payment offices, and may cancel or change these offices, including our use of the trustee’s corporate trust office. These offices are called paying agents. We may also choose to act as our own paying agent. We must notify the trustee of changes in the paying agents for any particular series of warrants.

The Trustee

The Bank of New York Mellon will be the trustee under the indenture. The trustee has two principal functions:

 

 

First, the trustee can enforce a holder’s rights against us if we default under the indenture. There are some limitations on the extent to which the trustee acts on a holder’s behalf, described under “—Warrant Events of Default; Limitation of Remedies”; and

 

 

Second, the trustee performs administrative duties for us, such as sending the holder’s payments or warrant property, transferring warrants to a new buyer and sending notices to holders.

We and some of our subsidiaries maintain deposit accounts and conduct other banking transactions with the trustee in the ordinary course of our respective businesses.

The trustee will not be liable for special, indirect or consequential damages and will not be liable for any failure of its obligations caused by circumstances beyond its reasonable control.

Consent to Service

The indenture provides that we irrevocably designate Barclays Bank PLC, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, Attention: General Counsel as our authorized agent for service of process in any proceeding arising out of or relating to the indenture or warrants brought in any federal or state court in New York City and we irrevocably submit to the jurisdiction of these courts.

 

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General Provisions of Warrant Agreements

We may issue debt warrants and some universal warrants in one or more series under one or more warrant agreements, each to be entered into between us and a bank or trust company as warrant agent. We may add, replace or terminate warrant agents from time to time. We may also choose to act as our own warrant agent. This section describes certain general provisions of the form of warrant agreement filed as an exhibit to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. The specific terms of the warrant agreement under which we issue any warrants will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement, and we will file that agreement with the SEC, either as an exhibit to an amendment to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part or as an exhibit to a current report on Form 6-K. See “Where You Can Find More Information” below for information on how to obtain a copy of a warrant agreement when it is filed.

We may also issue universal warrants under the warrant indenture. For these warrants, the applicable provisions of the warrant indenture described above would apply instead of the provisions described in this section.

Enforcement of Rights

The warrant agent under a warrant agreement will act solely as our agent in connection with the warrants issued under that agreement. The warrant agent will not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust for or with any holders of those warrants. Any holder of warrants may, without the consent of any other person, enforce by appropriate legal action, on its own behalf, its right to exercise those warrants in accordance with their terms. No holder of any warrant will be entitled to any rights of a holder of the debt securities or warrant property purchasable or deliverable upon exercise of the warrant, including any right to receive payments on those debt securities or warrant property or to enforce any covenants or rights in the relevant indenture or any other agreement.

Modifications Without Consent of Holders

We and the applicable warrant agent may make certain amendments to any warrant or warrant agreement without the consent of any holder, including:

 

 

to cure any ambiguity;

 

 

to cure, correct or supplement any defective or inconsistent provision; or

 

 

to make any other change that we believe is necessary or desirable and will not adversely affect the interests of the affected holders in any material respect.

We do not need any approval to make changes that affect only warrants to be issued after the changes take effect. We may also make changes that do not adversely affect a particular warrant in any material respect, even if they adversely affect other warrants in a material respect. In those cases, we do not need to obtain the approval of the holder of the unaffected warrant; we need only obtain any required approvals from the holders of the affected warrants.

Modifications with Consent of Holders

We may not amend any particular warrant or a warrant agreement with respect to any particular warrant unless we obtain the consent of the holder of each affected warrant, if the amendment would:

 

 

change the amount of the warrant property or other consideration purchasable or saleable upon exercise of the warrant;

 

 

change the exercise price of the warrant;

 

 

shorten the period of time during which the holder may exercise the warrant;

 

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otherwise impair the holder’s right to exercise the warrant in any material respect; or

 

 

reduce the number of outstanding, unexpired warrants of any series or class the consent of whose holders is required to amend the series or class, or the applicable warrant agreement with regard to that series or class, as described below.

Any other change to a particular warrant agreement and the warrants issued under that agreement would require the following approval:

 

 

If the change affects only the warrants of a particular series issued under that agreement, the change must be approved by the holders of a majority of the outstanding, unexpired warrants of that series.

 

 

If the change affects the warrants of more than one series issued under that agreement, the change must be approved by the holders of a majority of all outstanding, unexpired warrants of all series affected by the change, with the warrants of all the affected series voting together as one class for this purpose.

Warrant Agreement Will Not Be Qualified Under the Trust Indenture Act

No warrant agreement will be qualified as an indenture, and no warrant agent will be required to qualify as a trustee, under the Trust Indenture Act. Therefore, holders of warrants issued under a warrant agreement will not have the protection of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to their warrants.

Mergers and Similar Transactions Permitted; No Restrictive Covenants or Events of Default

The warrant agreements and any warrants issued under the warrant agreements will not restrict our ability to merge or consolidate with, or sell, lease, transfer or convey our assets to, another corporation or other entity or to engage in any other transactions. Unless otherwise specified in the applicable pricing supplement, if at any time we merge or consolidate with, or sell our assets substantially as an entirety to, another corporation or other entity, the successor entity will succeed to and assume our obligations under the warrants and warrant agreements. We will then be relieved of any further obligation under the warrants and warrant agreements.

The warrant agreements and any warrants issued under the warrant agreements will not include any restrictions on our ability to put liens on our assets, including our interests in our subsidiaries, nor will they restrict our ability to sell our assets. The warrant agreements and any warrants issued under the warrant agreements also will not provide for any events of default or remedies upon the occurrence of any events of default.

Governing Law

Each warrant agreement and any warrants issued under the warrant agreements will be governed by New York law.

Notices

We or the applicable warrant agent will give notice to holders of warrants by mailing written notice by first class mail, postage prepaid, to such holders as their names and addresses appear in the books and records of the applicable warrant agent.

Payments

We will pay or deliver money or warrant property due on the warrants at the applicable warrant agent’s office. The warrant agent will transmit such money or warrant property to or upon the order of the holder of the warrants.

 

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GLOBAL SECURITIES

Special Investor Considerations for Global Securities

As an indirect holder, an investor’s rights relating to a global security will be governed by the account rules of the investor’s financial institution and of the depositary, as well as general laws relating to securities transfers. We do not recognize this type of investor as a holder of securities and instead deal only with the depositary that holds the global security.

Investors in securities that are issued only in the form of global securities should be aware that:

 

 

They cannot get securities registered in their own name.

 

 

They cannot receive physical certificates for their interest in securities.

 

 

They will be a street name holder and must look to their own bank or broker for payments on the securities (or delivery of warrant property, if applicable) and protection of their legal rights relating to the securities, as explained earlier under “Description of Debt Securities—Legal Ownership; Form of Debt Securities—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders” and “Description of Warrants—Legal Ownership; Form of Warrants—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders”.

 

 

They may not be able to sell interests in the securities to some insurance companies and other institutions that are required by law to own their securities in the form of physical certificates.

 

 

The depositary’s policies will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to their interest in the global security. We and the trustee have no responsibility for any aspect of the depositary’s actions or for its records of ownership interests in the global security. We and the trustee also do not supervise the depositary in any way.

 

 

The depositary will require that interests in a global security be purchased or sold within its system using same-day funds.

Special Situations When a Global Security Will Be Terminated

In a few special situations described below, the global security will terminate and interests in it will be exchanged for physical certificates representing securities. After that exchange, the choice of whether to hold the securities directly or in street name will be up to the investor. Investors must consult their own bank or brokers to find out how to have their interests in a global security transferred to their own name so that they will be direct holders. The rights of street name investors and direct holders in the securities have been previously described in the subsections entitled “Description of Debt Securities—Legal Ownership; Form of Debt Securities—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders; Direct Holders” and “Description of Warrants—Legal Ownership; Form of Warrants—Street Name and Other Indirect Holders; Direct Holders”.

The special situations for termination of a global security are:

 

 

When the depositary notifies us that it is unwilling, unable or no longer qualified to continue as depositary.

 

 

When a Senior Event of Default, in the case of Senior Debt Securities, a Subordinated Event of Default, Dated Debt Default or Undated Debt Default, in the case of Subordinated Debt Securities, or a Warrant Event of Default in the case of warrants issued under a warrant indenture, has occurred and has not been cured. Defaults are discussed above under “Description of Debt Securities—Senior Events of Default; Subordinated Events of Default and Defaults; Limitation of Remedies” and “Description of Warrants—General Provisions of Warrant Indenture—Warrant Events of Default; Limitation of Remedies”.

 

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The prospectus supplement may also list additional situations for terminating a global security that would apply only to the particular series of securities covered by the prospectus supplement. When a global security terminates, the depositary (and not we or the trustee) is responsible for deciding the names of the institutions that will be the initial direct holders.

Clearance and Settlement

The securities we issue may be held through one or more international and domestic clearing systems. The principal clearing systems we will use are the book-entry systems operated by The Depository Trust Company, or DTC, in the United States, Clearstream Banking, société anonyme, or Clearstream, Luxembourg, in Luxembourg and Euroclear Bank S.A./N.V., or Euroclear, in Brussels, Belgium. These systems have established electronic securities and payment transfer, processing, depositary and custodial links among themselves and others, either directly or through custodians and depositories. These links allow securities to be issued, held and transferred among the clearing systems without the physical transfer of certificates.

Special procedures to facilitate clearance and settlement have been established among these clearing systems to trade securities across borders in the secondary market. Where payments for securities we issue in global form will be made in U.S. dollars, these procedures can be used for cross-market transfers and the securities will be cleared and settled on a delivery against payment basis.

Global securities will be registered in the name of a nominee for, and accepted for settlement and clearance by, one or more of Euroclear, Clearstream, Luxembourg, DTC and any other clearing system identified in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Cross-market transfers of securities that are not in global form may be cleared and settled in accordance with other procedures that may be established among the clearing systems for these securities.

Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg hold interests on behalf of their participants through customers’ securities accounts in the names of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg on the books of their respective depositories, which, in the case of securities for which a global security in registered form is deposited with the DTC, in turn hold such interests in customers’ securities accounts in the depositories’ names on the books of the DTC.

The policies of DTC, Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear will govern payments, transfers, exchange and other matters relating to the investors’ interest in securities held by them. This is also true for any other clearance system that may be named in a prospectus supplement.

We have no responsibility for any aspect of the actions of DTC, Clearstream, Luxembourg or Euroclear or any of their direct or indirect participants. We have no responsibility for any aspect of the records kept by DTC, Clearstream, Luxembourg or Euroclear or any of their direct or indirect participants. We also do not supervise these systems in any way. This is also true for any other clearing system indicated in a prospectus supplement.

DTC, Clearstream, Luxembourg, Euroclear and their participants perform these clearance and settlement functions under agreements they have made with one another or with their customers. Investors should be aware that DTC, Clearstream, Luxembourg, Euroclear and their participants are not obligated to perform these procedures and may modify them or discontinue them at any time.

The description of the clearing systems in this section reflects our understanding of the rules and procedures of DTC, Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear as they are currently in effect. Those systems could change their rules and procedures at any time.

The Clearing Systems

DTC. DTC has advised us as follows:

 

 

DTC is:

 

  (1) a limited purpose trust company organized under the laws of the State of New York;

 

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  (2) a “banking organization” within the meaning of New York Banking Law;

 

  (3) a member of the Federal Reserve System;

 

  (4) a “clearing corporation” within the meaning of the New York Uniform Commercial Code; and

 

  (5) a “clearing agency” registered pursuant to the provisions of Section 17A of the Exchange Act.

 

 

DTC was created to hold securities for its participants and to facilitate the clearance and settlement of securities transactions between participants through electronic book-entry changes to accounts of its participants. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities.

 

 

Participants in DTC include securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include certain other organizations. DTC is partially owned by some of these participants or their representatives.

 

 

Indirect access to the DTC system is also available to banks, brokers and dealers and trust companies that have custodial relationships with participants.

 

 

The rules applicable to DTC and DTC participants are on file with the SEC.

Clearstream, Luxembourg. Clearstream, Luxembourg has advised us as follows:

 

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg is a duly licensed bank organized as a société anonyme incorporated under the laws of Luxembourg and is subject to regulation by the Luxembourg Commission for the Supervision of the Financial Sector (Commission de Surveillance du Secteur Financier).

 

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg holds securities for its customers and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among them. It does so through electronic book-entry transfers between the accounts of its customers. This eliminates the need for physical movement of securities.

 

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg provides other services to its customers, including safekeeping, administration, clearance and settlement of internationally traded securities and lending and borrowing of securities.

 

 

Clearstream, Luxembourg’s customers include worldwide securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and may include professional financial intermediaries. Its U.S. customers are limited to securities brokers and dealers and banks.

 

 

Indirect access to the Clearstream, Luxembourg system is also available to others that clear through Clearstream, Luxembourg customers or that have custodial relationships with its customers, such as banks, brokers, dealers and trust companies.

Euroclear. Euroclear has advised us as follows:

 

 

Euroclear is incorporated under the laws of Belgium as a bank and is subject to regulation by the Belgian Banking and Finance Commission (Commission Bancaire et Financière) and the National Bank of Belgium (Banque Nationale de Belgique).

 

 

Euroclear holds securities for its customers and facilitates the clearance and settlement of securities transactions among them. It does so through simultaneous electronic book-entry delivery against payment, thereby eliminating the need for physical movement of certificates.

 

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Euroclear provides other services to its customers, including credit, custody, lending and borrowing of securities and tri-party collateral management. It interfaces with the domestic markets of several countries.

 

 

Euroclear customers include banks, including central banks, securities brokers and dealers, banks, trust companies and clearing corporations and certain other professional financial intermediaries.

 

 

Indirect access to the Euroclear system is also available to others that clear through Euroclear customers or that have custodial relationships with Euroclear customers.

 

 

All securities in Euroclear are held on a fungible basis. This means that specific certificates are not matched to specific securities clearance accounts.

Other Clearing Systems. We may choose any other clearing system for a particular series of securities. The clearance and settlement procedures for the clearing system we choose will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Primary Distribution

The distribution of the securities will be cleared through one or more of the clearing systems that we have described above or any other clearing system that is specified in the applicable prospectus supplement. Payment for securities will be made on a delivery versus payment or free delivery basis. These payment procedures will be more fully described in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Clearance and settlement procedures may vary from one series of securities to another according to the currency that is chosen for the specific series of securities. Customary clearance and settlement procedures are described below.

We will submit applications to the relevant system or systems for the securities to be accepted for clearance. The clearance numbers that are applicable to each clearance system will be specified in the prospectus supplement.

Clearance and Settlement Procedures—DTC. DTC participants that hold securities through DTC on behalf of investors will follow the applicable settlement practices in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System.

Securities will be credited to the securities custody accounts of these DTC participants against payment in same-day funds, for payments in U.S. dollars, on the settlement date. For payments in a currency other than U.S. dollars, securities will be credited free of payment on the settlement date.

Clearance and Settlement Procedures—Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg. We understand that investors that hold their securities through Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg accounts will follow the settlement procedures that are applicable to conventional Eurobonds in registered form.

Securities will be credited to the securities custody accounts of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg participants on the business day following the settlement date, for value on the settlement date. They will be credited either free of payment or against payment for value on the settlement date.

Secondary Market Trading

Trading Between DTC Participants. Secondary market trading between DTC participants will occur in the ordinary way in accordance with DTC’s rules. Secondary market trading will be settled using the applicable procedures in DTC’s Same-Day Funds Settlement System.

If payment is made in U.S. dollars, settlement will be in same-day funds. If payment is made in a currency other than U.S. dollars, settlement will be free of payment. If payment is made other than in U.S. Dollars, separate payment arrangements outside of the DTC system must be made between the DTC participants involved.

 

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Trading Between Euroclear and/or Clearstream, Luxembourg Participants. We understand that secondary market trading between Euroclear and/or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants will occur in the ordinary way following the applicable rules and operating procedures of Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg. Secondary market trading will be settled using procedures applicable to conventional Eurobonds in registered form.

Trading Between a DTC Seller and a Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg Purchaser. A purchaser of securities that are held in the account of a DTC participant must send instructions to Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg at least one business day prior to settlement. The instructions will provide for the transfer of the securities from the selling DTC participant’s account to the account of the purchasing Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg participant. Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg, as the case may be, will then instruct the common depositary for Euroclear and Clearstream, Luxembourg to receive the securities either against payment or free of payment.

The interests in the securities will be credited to the respective clearing system. The clearing system will then credit the account of the participant, following its usual procedures. Credit for the securities will appear on the next day, European time. Cash debit will be back-valued to, and the interest on the securities will accrue from, the value date, which would be the preceding day, when settlement occurs in New York. If the trade fails and settlement is not completed on the intended date, the Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg cash debit will be valued as of the actual settlement date instead.

Euroclear participants or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants will need the funds necessary to process same-day funds settlement. The most direct means of doing this is to preposition funds for settlement, either from cash or from existing lines of credit, as for any settlement occurring within Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg. Under this approach, participants may take on credit exposure to Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg until the securities are credited to their accounts one business day later.

As an alternative, if Euroclear or Clearstream, Luxembourg has extended a line of credit to them, participants can choose not to pre-position funds and will instead allow that credit line to be drawn upon to finance settlement. Under this procedure, Euroclear participants or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants purchasing securities would incur overdraft charges for one business day (assuming they cleared the overdraft as soon as the securities were credited to their accounts). However, any interest on the securities would accrue from the value date. Therefore, in many cases, the investment income on securities that is earned during that one-business day period may substantially reduce or offset the amount of the overdraft charges. This result will, however, depend on each participant’s particular cost of funds.

Because the settlement will take place during New York business hours, DTC participants will use their usual procedures to deliver securities to the depositary on behalf of Euroclear participants or Clearstream, Luxembourg participants. The sale proceeds will be available to the DTC seller on the settlement date. For the DTC participants, then, a cross-market transaction will settle no differently than a trade between two DTC participants.

Special Timing Considerations

Investors should be aware that they will only be able to make and receive deliveries, payments and other communications involving the securities through Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear on days when those systems are open for business. Those systems may not be open for business on days when banks, brokers and other institutions are open for business in the United States.

In addition, because of time-zone differences, there may be problems with completing transactions involving Clearstream, Luxembourg and Euroclear on the same business day as in the United States. U.S. investors who wish to transfer their interests in the securities, or to receive or make a payment or delivery of the securities, on a particular day, may find that the transactions will not be performed until the next business day in Luxembourg or Brussels, depending on whether Clearstream, Luxembourg or Euroclear is used.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF PREFERENCE SHARES

The following is a summary of the general terms of the preference shares of any series we may issue under this registration statement. Each time we issue preference shares we will prepare a prospectus supplement, which you should read carefully. The prospectus supplement relating to a series of preference shares or to a series of debt securities that are convertible into or exchangeable for the preference shares will summarize the terms of the preference shares of the particular series. Those terms will be set out in the resolutions establishing the series that our Board of Directors or an authorized committee adopt, and may be different from those summarized below. If so, the applicable prospectus supplement will state that, and the description of the preference shares of that series contained in the prospectus supplement will apply.

This summary does not purport to be complete and is subject to, and qualified by, our Articles of Association and the resolutions of the Board of Directors or an authorized committee. You should read our Articles of Association as well as those resolutions, which we have filed or we will file with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part. You should also read the summary of the general terms of the deposit agreement under which ADRs evidencing ADSs that may represent preference shares may be issued, under the heading “Description of American Depositary Receipts”.

General

Under our Articles of Association, our Board of Directors or an authorized committee of the Board is empowered to provide for the issuance of U.S. dollar-denominated preference shares, in one or more series if a resolution of our shareholders has authorized the allotment of such preference shares.

The resolutions providing for their issue, adopted by the Board of Directors or the authorized committee, will set forth the dividend rights, liquidation value per share, redemption provisions, voting rights, other rights, preferences, privileges, limitations and restrictions of the preference shares.

As of June 30, 2008, we have 100,000 issued dollar-denominated preference shares, Series 1, 30,000,000 issued, dollar–denominated preference shares, Series 2, 55,000,000 issued, dollar-denominated preference shares, Series 3, 46,000,000 issued, dollar-denominated preference shares, Series 4, and 106,000,000 issued, dollar-denominated preference shares, Series 5.

The preference shares of any series will be U.S. dollar-denominated in terms of nominal value, dividend rights and liquidation value per share. They will, when issued, be fully paid and non-assessable. For each preference share issued, an amount equal to its nominal value will be credited to our issued share capital account and an amount equal to the difference between its issue price and its nominal value will be credited to our share premium account. The applicable prospectus supplement will specify the nominal value of the preference shares. The preference shares of a series deposited under the deposit agreement referred to in the section “Description of American Depositary Receipts” will be represented by ADSs of a corresponding series, evidenced by ADRs of such series. The preference shares of such series may only be withdrawn from deposit in registered form. See “Description of American Depositary Receipts”.

The preference shares of any series will have the dividend rights, rights upon liquidation, redemption provisions and voting rights described below, unless the relevant prospectus supplement provides otherwise. You should read the prospectus supplement for the specific terms of any series, including:

 

 

the number of shares offered, the number of shares offered in the form of ADSs and the number of preference shares represented by each ADS;

 

 

the public offering price of the series;

 

 

the liquidation value per share of that series;

 

 

the dividend rate, or the method of calculating it;

 

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the place where we will pay dividends;

 

 

the dates on which dividends will be payable;

 

 

voting rights of that series of preference shares, if any;

 

 

restrictions applicable to the sale and delivery of the preference shares;

 

 

whether and under what circumstances we will pay additional amounts on the preference shares in the event of certain developments with respect to withholding tax or information reporting laws;

 

 

any redemption, conversion or exchange provisions;

 

 

whether the shares shall be issued as units with shares of a related series;

 

 

whether the preference shares will be issued in registered form (“registered securities”) or in bearer form (“bearer securities”) or both;

 

 

any listing on a securities exchange; and

 

 

any other rights, preferences, privileges, limitations and restrictions relating to the series.

The applicable prospectus supplement will also describe additional material U.S. and U.K. tax considerations that apply to any particular series of preference shares.

Title to preference shares of a series in registered form will pass by transfer and registration on the register that the registrar shall keep at its office in the United Kingdom. For more information on such registration, you should read “—Registrar and Paying Agent”. The registrar will not charge for the registration of transfer, but the person requesting it will be liable for any taxes, stamp duties or other governmental charges.

We may issue preference shares in more than one related series if necessary to ensure that we continue to be treated as part of the Barclays PLC Group for U.K. tax purposes. The preference shares of any two or more related series will be issued as preference share units, unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, so that holders of any preference share units will effectively have the same rights, preferences and privileges, and will be subject to the same limitations and restrictions. The following characteristics, however, may differ:

 

 

the aggregate amount of dividends,

 

 

the aggregate amounts which may be payable upon redemption,

 

 

the redemption dates,

 

 

the rights of holders to deposit the preference shares under the deposit agreement, and

 

 

the voting rights of holders.

You should read the applicable prospectus supplement for the characteristics relating to any preference shares issuable in two or more related series as a unit.

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, the preference shares of each series will rank equally as to participation in our profits and assets with the preference shares of each other series.

Our affiliates may resell preferred shares after their initial issuance in market-making transactions. We describe these transactions above under “Description of Debt Securities—General—Market-Making Transactions.”

 

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Dividend Rights

The holders of the preference shares will be entitled to receive cash dividends on the dates and at the rates as described in the applicable prospectus supplement out of our “distributable profits”. Except as provided in this prospectus and in the applicable prospectus supplement, holders of preference shares will have no right to participate in our profits.

For information concerning the declaration of dividends out of our distributable profits, see “Description of Share Capital—Ordinary Shares—Dividend Rights”.

We will pay the dividends on the preference shares of a series to the record holders as they appear on the register on the record dates. A record date will be fixed by our Board of Directors or an authorized committee. Subject to applicable fiscal or other laws and regulations, each payment will be made by dollar check drawn on a bank in London or in New York City and mailed to the record holder at the holder’s address as it appears on the register for the preference shares. If any date on which dividends are payable on the preference shares is not a “business day”, which is a day on which banks are open for business and on which foreign exchange dealings may be conducted in London and in New York City, then payment of the dividend payable on that date will be made on the next business day. There will be no additional interest or other payment due to this type of delay.

Dividends on the preference shares of any series will be non-cumulative. If a dividend on a series is not paid, or is paid only in part, the holders of preference shares of the relevant series will have no claim in respect of such unpaid amount. We will have no obligation to pay the dividend accrued for the relevant dividend period or to pay any interest on the dividend, whether or not dividends on the preference shares of that series or any other series or class of our shares are paid for any subsequent dividend period.

No full dividends will be paid or set apart for payment on any of our preference shares ranking, as to dividends, equally with or below the preference shares of any series for any period unless full dividends have been, or at the same time are, paid, or set aside for payment, on the preference shares of that series for the then-current dividend period. When dividends are not paid in full upon the preference shares of a series and any other of our preference shares ranking equally as to dividends, all dividends upon the preference shares of that series and the other preference shares will be paid pro rata so that dividends paid upon the preference shares of each series are in proportion to dividends accrued on the preference shares of the series.

Except as provided in the preceding sentence, unless full dividends on all outstanding preference shares of a series have been paid for the most recently completed dividend period, no dividends, will be declared or paid or set apart for payment, or other distribution made, upon our ordinary shares or other shares ranking, as to dividends or upon liquidation, equally with or below the preference shares of the series. In addition, we will not redeem, repurchase or otherwise acquire for consideration, or pay any money or make any money available for a sinking fund for the redemption of, any of our ordinary shares or other shares ranking equally with or below the preference shares of the series as to dividends or upon liquidation, except by conversion into or exchange for shares ranking below the preference shares of the series as to dividends and upon liquidation, until we have resumed the payment of full dividends for four consecutive quarterly dividend periods on all outstanding preference shares of the series and those ranking equally as to dividends with the preference shares of the series.

We will compute the amount of dividends payable on the preference shares of any series for each dividend period based upon the liquidation value per share of the preference shares of the series by annualizing the applicable dividend rate and dividing by the number of dividend periods in a year. However, we will compute the amount of dividends payable for any dividend period shorter than a full dividend period on the basis of a 360-day year divided into twelve months of 30 days each and, in the case of an incomplete month, on the basis of the actual number of days elapsed.

Rights Upon Liquidation

If there is a return of capital in respect of our voluntary or involuntary liquidation, dissolution, winding-up or otherwise, other than in respect of any redemption or repurchase of the preference shares of a series in whole or in part permitted by our Articles of Association and under applicable law, the holders of the outstanding preference shares of a series will be entitled to receive liquidating distributions. Liquidating distributions will:

 

 

come from the assets we have available for distribution to shareholders, before any distribution of assets is made to holders of our ordinary shares or any other class of shares ranking below the preference shares upon a return of capital; and

 

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be in an amount equal to the liquidation value per share of the preference shares, plus an amount equal to accrued and unpaid dividends, whether or not declared or earned, for the then-current dividend period up to and including the date of commencement of our winding-up or the date of any other return of capital, as the case may be.

If, upon a return of capital, the assets available for distribution are insufficient to pay in full the amounts payable on the preference shares and any other of our shares ranking as to any distribution equally with the preference shares, the holders of the preference shares and of the other shares will share pro rata in any distribution of our assets in proportion to the full respective liquidating distributions to which they are entitled. After payment of the full amount of the liquidating distribution to which they are entitled, the holders of the preference shares of that series will have no claim on any of our remaining assets and will not be entitled to any further participation in the return of capital. If there is a sale of all or substantially all of our assets, the distribution to our shareholders of all or substantially all of the consideration for the sale, unless the consideration, apart from assumption of liabilities, or the net proceeds consists entirely of cash, will not be deemed a return of capital in respect of our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up.

Redemption

Unless the relevant prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, we may redeem the preference shares of each series, at our option, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time on the dates and at the redemption prices and on all other terms and conditions as set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement. Preference shares comprising preference share units will be redeemed only as units.

If fewer than all of the outstanding preference shares of a series are to be redeemed, we will select by lot, in the presence of our independent auditors, which particular preference shares will be redeemed.

If we redeem preference shares of a series, we will mail a redemption notice to each record holder of preference shares to be redeemed between 30 and 60 days before the redemption date. Each redemption notice will specify:

 

 

the redemption date;

 

 

the particular preference shares of the series to be redeemed;

 

 

the redemption price, specifying the included amount of accrued and unpaid dividends;

 

 

that any dividends will cease to accrue upon the redemption of the preference shares; and

 

 

the place or places where holders may surrender documents of title and obtain payment of the redemption price.

No defect in the redemption notice or in the giving of notice will affect the validity of the redemption proceedings.

If we give notice of redemption in respect of the preference shares of a series, then, by 12:00 noon, London time, on the redemption date, we will irrevocably deposit with the paying agent funds sufficient to pay the applicable redemption price, including the amount of accrued and unpaid dividends (if any) for the then-current quarterly dividend period to the date fixed for redemption. We will also give the paying agent irrevocable instructions and authority to pay the redemption price to the holders of those preference shares called for redemption.

 

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If we give notice of redemption, then, when we make the deposit with the paying agent, all rights of holders of the preference shares of the series called for redemption will cease, except the holders’ right to receive the redemption price, but without interest, and these preference shares will no longer be outstanding. Subject to any applicable fiscal or other laws and regulations, payments in respect of the redemption of preference shares of a series will be made by dollar check drawn on a bank in London or in New York City against presentation and surrender of the relevant share certificates at the office of the paying agent located in the United Kingdom.

In the event that any date on which a redemption payment on the preference shares is to be made is not a business day, then payment of the redemption price payable on that date will be made on the next business day. There will be no interest or other payment due to the delay. If payment of the redemption price is improperly withheld or refused, dividends on the preference shares will continue to accrue at the then applicable rate, from the redemption date to the date of payment of the redemption price.

Subject to applicable law, including U.S. securities laws, and the consent of, or prior notification to, the FSA, as applicable, we may purchase outstanding preference shares of any series by tender, in the open market or by private agreement. Unless we tell you otherwise in the applicable prospectus supplement, any preference shares of any series that we purchase for our own account, other than in the ordinary course of a business of dealing in securities, will be treated as canceled and will no longer be issued and outstanding.

Under the current practices of the FSA, we may not redeem any preference shares following the fifth anniversary of their date of issue unless the FSA is given one month’s prior written notice.

Voting Rights

The holders of the preference shares of any series will not be entitled to receive notice of, attend or vote at any general meeting of our shareholders except as provided below or in the applicable prospectus supplement.

Variation of Rights

If applicable law permits, the rights, preferences and privileges attached to any series of preference shares may be varied or abrogated only with the written consent of the holders of at least three-fourths of the outstanding preference shares of the series or with the sanction of a special resolution passed at a separate general meeting of the holders of the outstanding preference shares of the series. A special resolution will be adopted if passed by a majority of at least three-fourths of those holders voting in person or by proxy at the meeting. The quorum required for this separate general meeting will be persons holding or representing by proxy at least one-third of the outstanding preference shares of the affected series, except that if at any adjourned meeting where this quorum requirement is not met, any two holders present in person or by proxy will constitute a quorum.

In addition to the voting rights referred to above, if any resolution is proposed for our liquidation, dissolution or winding-up, then the holders of the outstanding preference shares of each series, other than any series of preference shares which do not have voting rights, will be entitled to receive notice of and to attend the general meeting of shareholders called for the purpose of adopting the resolution and will be entitled to vote on that resolution, but no other. When entitled to vote, each holder of preference shares of a series present in person or by proxy has one vote for each preference share held.

Notices of Meetings

A notice of any meeting at which holders of preference shares of a particular series are entitled to vote will be mailed to each record holder of preference shares of that series. Each notice will state:

 

 

the date of the meeting;

 

 

a description of any resolution to be proposed for adoption at the meeting on which those holders are entitled to vote; and

 

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instructions for the delivery of proxies.

A holder of preference shares of any series in registered form who is not registered with an address in the United Kingdom and who has not supplied an address within the United Kingdom to us for the purpose of notices is not entitled to receive notices of meetings from us. For a description of notices that we will give to the ADR depositary and that the ADR depositary will give to ADR holders, you should read “Description of American Depositary Receipts—Reports and Notices” and “Where You Can Find More Information”.

Registrar and Paying Agent

Our registrar, presently located at One Canada Square, London E14 5AL, United Kingdom, will act as registrar and paying agent for the preference shares of each series.

DESCRIPTION OF AMERICAN

DEPOSITARY RECEIPTS

The following is a summary of the general terms and provisions of the deposit agreement under which the ADR depositary will issue the ADRs. The deposit agreement is among us, The Bank of New York Mellon, as ADR depositary, and all holders from time to time of ADRs issued under the deposit agreement. This summary does not purport to be complete. We may amend or supersede all or part of this summary to the extent we tell you in the applicable prospectus supplement. You should read the deposit agreement, which is filed with the SEC as an exhibit to the registration statement, of which this prospectus is a part. You may also read the deposit agreement at the corporate trust office of The Bank of New York Mellon in New York City and the office of The Bank of New York Mellon in London.

Depositary

The Bank of New York Mellon will act as the ADR depositary. The office of The Bank of New York Mellon in London will act as custodian. The ADR depositary’s principal office in New York City is presently located at 101 Barclay Street, Floor 21 West, New York, New York 10286, and the custodian’s office is presently located at One Canada Square, London E14 5AL, United Kingdom.

American Depositary Receipts

An ADR is a certificate evidencing a specific number of ADSs of a specific series, each of which will represent preference shares of a corresponding series. Unless the relevant prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, each ADS will represent one preference share, or evidence of rights to receive one preference share, deposited with the London branch of The Bank of New York Mellon, as custodian. An ADR may evidence any number of ADSs in the corresponding series.

Deposit and Issuance of ADRs

When the custodian has received preference shares of a particular series, or evidence of rights to receive preference shares, and applicable fees, charges and taxes, subject to the deposit agreement’s terms, the ADR depositary will execute and deliver at its corporate trust office in New York City to the person(s) specified by us in writing, an ADR or ADRs registered in the name of such person(s) evidencing the number of ADSs of that series corresponding to the preference shares of that series.

When the ADR depositary has received preference shares of a particular series, or evidence of rights to receive preference shares, and applicable fees, charges and taxes, subject to the deposit agreement’s terms, the ADR depositary will execute and deliver at its principal office to the person(s) specified by us in writing, an ADR or ADRs registered in the name of that person(s) evidencing the number of ADSs of that series corresponding to the preference shares of that series. Preference shares may be deposited under the deposit agreement as units comprising a preference share of a series and a preference share of a related series. The ADR depositary’s principal office is presently located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286.

 

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Withdrawal of Deposited Securities

Upon surrender of ADRs at the ADR depositary’s corporate trust office in New York City and upon payment of the taxes, charges and fees provided in the deposit agreement and subject to its terms, an ADR holder is entitled to delivery, to or upon its order, at the ADR depositary’s corporate trust office in New York City or the custodian’s office in London, of the amount of preference shares of the relevant series represented by the ADSs evidenced by the surrendered ADRs. The ADR holder will bear the risk and expense for the forwarding of share certificates and other documents of title to the corporate trust office of the ADR depositary.

Holders of preference shares that have been withdrawn from deposit under the deposit agreement will not have the right to redeposit the preference shares.

Dividends and Other Distributions

The ADR depositary will distribute all cash dividends or other cash distributions that it receives in respect of deposited preference shares of a particular series to ADR holders, after payment of any charges and fees provided for in the deposit agreement, in proportion to their holdings of ADSs of the series representing the preference shares. The cash amount distributed will be reduced by any amounts that we or the ADR depositary must withhold on account of taxes.

If we make a non-cash distribution in respect of any deposited preference shares of a particular series, the ADR depositary will distribute the property it receives to ADR holders, after deduction or upon payment of any taxes, charges and fees provided for in the deposit agreement, in proportion to their holdings of ADSs of the series representing the preference shares. If a distribution that we make in respect of deposited preference shares of a particular series consists of a dividend in, or free distribution of, preference shares of that series, the ADR depositary may, if we approve, and will, if we request, distribute to ADR holders, in proportion to their holdings of ADSs of the relevant series, additional ADRs evidencing an aggregate number of ADSs of that series representing the amount of preference shares received as such dividend or free distribution. If the ADR depositary does not distribute additional ADRs, each ADS of that series will from then forward also represent the additional preference shares of the corresponding series distributed in respect of the deposited preference shares before the dividend or free distribution.

If the ADR depositary determines that any distribution of property, other than cash or preference shares of a particular series, cannot be made proportionately among ADR holders or if for any other reason, including any requirement that we or the ADR depositary withhold an amount on account of taxes or other governmental charges, the ADR depositary deems that such a distribution is not feasible, the ADR depositary may dispose of all or part of the property in any manner, including by public or private sale, that it deems equitable and practicable. The ADR depositary will then distribute the net proceeds of any such sale (net of any fees and expenses of the ADR depositary provided for in the deposit agreement) to ADR holders as in the case of a distribution received in cash.

Redemption of ADSs

If we redeem any preference shares of a particular series that are represented by ADSs, the ADR depositary will redeem, from the amounts that it receives from the redemption of deposited preference shares of that series, a number of ADSs of the series representing those preference shares which corresponds to the number of deposited preference shares of that series. The ADS redemption price will correspond to the redemption price per preference share payable with respect to the redeemed preference shares. If we do not redeem all of the outstanding preference shares of a particular series, the ADR depositary will select the ADSs of the corresponding series to be redeemed, either by lot or pro rata to the number of preference shares represented.

We must give notice of redemption in respect of the preference shares of a particular series that are represented by ADSs to the ADR depositary not less than 30 days before the redemption date. The ADR depositary will promptly deliver the notice to all holders of ADRs of the corresponding series.

 

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Record Date

Whenever any dividend or other distribution becomes payable or shall be made in respect of preference shares of a particular series, or any preference shares of a particular series are to be redeemed, or the ADR depositary receives notice of any meeting at which holders of preference shares of a particular series are entitled to vote, the ADR depositary will fix a record date for the determination of the ADR holders who are entitled to receive the dividend, distribution, amount in respect of redemption of ADSs of the corresponding series, or the net proceeds of their sale, or to give instructions for the exercise of voting rights at the meeting, subject to the provisions of the deposit agreement. This record date will be as near as practicable to the corresponding record date for the underlying preference share.

Voting of the Underlying Deposited Securities

When the ADR depositary receives notice of any meeting or solicitation of consents or proxies of holders of preference shares of a particular series, it will, at our written request and as soon as practicable thereafter, mail to the record holders of ADRs a notice including:

 

 

the information contained in the notice of meeting;

 

 

a statement that the record holders of ADRs at the close of business on a specified record date will be entitled, subject to any applicable provision of English law, to instruct the ADR depositary as to the exercise of any voting rights pertaining to the preference shares of the series represented by their ADSs; and

 

 

a brief explanation of how they may give instructions, including an express indication that they may instruct the ADR depositary to give a discretionary proxy to designated member or members of our board of directors if no such instruction is received.

The ADR depositary has agreed that it will endeavor, in so far as practical, to vote or cause to be voted the preference shares in accordance with any written non-discretionary instructions of record holders of ADRs that it receives on or before the record date set by the ADR depositary. The ADR depositary will not vote the preference shares except in accordance with such instructions or deemed instructions.

If the ADR depositary does not receive instructions from any ADR holder on or before the date the ADR depositary establishes for this purpose, the ADR depositary will deem such holder to have directed the ADR depositary to give a discretionary proxy to a designated member or members of our board of directors. However, the ADR depositary will not give a discretionary proxy to a designated member or members of our board of directors with respect to any matter as to which we inform the ADR depositary that:

 

 

we do not wish the proxy to be given;

 

 

substantial opposition exists; or

 

 

the rights of holders of the preference shares may be materially affected.

Holders of ADRs evidencing ADSs will not be entitled to vote shares of the corresponding series of preference shares directly.

Inspection of Transfer Books

The ADR depositary will, at its corporate trust office in New York City, keep books for the registration and transfer of ADRs. These books will be open for inspection by ADR holders at all reasonable times. However, this inspection may not be for the purpose of communicating with ADR holders in the interest of a business or object other than our business or a matter related to the deposit agreement or the ADRs.

 

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Reports and Notices

We will furnish the ADR depositary with our annual reports as described under “Where You Can Find More Information” in this prospectus. The ADR depositary will make available at its corporate trust office in New York City, for any ADR holder to inspect, any reports and communications received from us that are both received by the ADR depositary as holder of preference shares and made generally available by us to the holders of those preference shares. This includes our annual report and accounts. Upon written request, the ADR depositary will mail copies of those reports to ADR holders as provided in the deposit agreement.

On or before the first date on which we give notice, by publication or otherwise, of:

 

 

any meeting of holders of preference shares of a particular series;

 

 

any adjourned meeting of holders of preference shares of a particular series; or

 

 

the taking of any action in respect of any cash or other distributions or the offering of any rights in respect of, preference shares of a particular series

we have agreed to transmit to the ADR depositary and the custodian a copy of the notice in the form given or to be given to holders of the preference shares. If requested in writing by us, the ADR depositary will, at our expense, arrange for the prompt transmittal or mailing of such notices, and any other reports or communications made generally available to holders of the preference shares, to all holders of ADRs evidencing ADSs of the corresponding series.

Amendment and Termination of the Deposit Agreement

The form of the ADRs evidencing ADSs of a particular series and any provisions of the deposit agreement relating to those ADRs may at any time and from time to time be amended by agreement between us and the ADR depositary, without the consent of holders of ADRs, in any respect which we may deem necessary or advisable. Any amendment that imposes or increases any fees or charges, other than taxes and other governmental charges, registration fees, transmission costs, delivery costs or other such expenses, or that otherwise prejudices any substantial existing right of holders of outstanding ADRs evidencing ADSs of a particular series, will not take effect as to any ADRs until 30 days after notice of the amendment has been given to the record holders of those ADRs. Every holder of any ADR at the time an amendment becomes effective, if it has been given notice, will be deemed by continuing to hold the ADR to consent and agree to the amendment and to be bound by the deposit agreement or the ADR as amended. No amendment may impair the right of any holder of ADRs to surrender ADRs and receive in return the preference shares of the corresponding series represented by the ADSs.

Whenever we direct, the ADR depositary has agreed to terminate the deposit agreement as to ADRs evidencing ADSs of a particular series by mailing a termination notice to the record holders of all ADRs then outstanding at least 30 days before the date fixed in the notice of termination. The ADR depositary may likewise terminate the deposit agreement as to ADRs evidencing ADSs of a particular series by mailing a termination notice to us and the record holders of all ADRs then outstanding if at any time 90 days shall have expired since the ADR depositary delivered a written notice to us of its election to resign and a successor ADR depositary shall not have been appointed and accepted its appointment.

If any ADRs evidencing ADSs of a particular series remain outstanding after the date of any termination, the ADR depositary will then:

 

 

discontinue the registration of transfers of those ADRs;

 

 

suspend the distribution of dividends to holders of those ADRs; and

 

 

not give any further notices or perform any further acts under the deposit agreement, except those listed below, with respect to those ADRs.

 

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The ADR depositary will, however, continue to collect dividends and other distributions pertaining to the preference shares of the corresponding series. It will also continue to sell rights and other property as provided in the deposit agreement and deliver preference shares of the corresponding series, together with any dividends or other distributions received with respect to them and the net proceeds of the sale of any rights or other property, in exchange for ADRs surrendered to it.

At any time after the expiration of one year from the date of termination of the deposit agreement as to ADRs evidencing ADSs of a particular series, the ADR depositary may sell the preference shares of the corresponding series then held. The ADR depositary will then hold uninvested the net proceeds of any such sales, together with any other cash then held by it under the deposit agreement in respect of those ADRs, unsegregated and without liability for interest, for the pro rata benefit of the holders of ADRs that have not previously been surrendered.

Charges of ADR Depositary

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, the ADR depositary will charge the party to whom it delivers ADRs against deposits, and the party surrendering ADRs for delivery of preference shares of a particular series or other deposited securities, property and cash, $5.00 for each 100, or fraction of 100, ADSs evidenced by the ADRs issued or surrendered. We will pay all other charges of the ADR depositary and those of any registrar, co-transfer agent and co-registrar under the deposit agreement, but unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, we will not pay:

 

 

taxes, including issue or transfer taxes, U.K. stamp duty or U.K. stamp duty reserve tax other than that payable on the issue of preference shares to the custodian, and other governmental charges;

 

 

any applicable share transfer or registration fees on deposits or withdrawals of preference shares;

 

 

cable, telex, facsimile transmission and delivery charges which the deposit agreement provides are at the expense of the holders of ADRs or persons depositing or withdrawing preference shares of any series; or

 

 

expenses incurred or paid by the ADR depositary in conversion of foreign currency into U.S. dollars.

You will be responsible for any taxes or other governmental charges payable on your ADRs or on the preference shares underlying your ADRs. The ADR depositary may refuse to transfer your ADRs or allow you to withdraw the preference shares underlying your ADRs until such taxes or other charges are paid. It may apply payments owed to you or sell deposited preference shares underlying your ADRs to pay any taxes owed and you will remain liable for any deficiency. If the ADR depositary sells deposited preference shares, it will, if appropriate, reduce the number of ADSs to reflect the sale and pay to you any proceeds, or send to you any property, remaining after it has paid the taxes.

General

Neither the ADR depositary nor we will be liable to ADR holders if prevented or forbidden or delayed by any present or future law of any country or by any governmental authority, any present or future provision of our articles of association or of the preference shares, or any act of God or war or other circumstances beyond our control in performing our obligations under the deposit agreement. The obligations of us both under the deposit agreement are expressly limited to performing our duties without gross negligence or bad faith.

If any ADSs of a particular series are listed on one or more stock exchanges in the U.S., the ADR depositary will act as registrar or, at our request or with our approval, appoint a registrar or one or more co-registrars for registration of the ADRs evidencing the ADSs in accordance with any exchange requirements. The ADR depositary may remove the registrars or co-registrars and appoint a
substitute(s) if we request it or with our approval.

The ADRs evidencing ADSs of any series are transferable on the books of the ADR depositary or its agent. However, the ADR depositary may close the transfer books as to ADRs evidencing ADSs of a particular series at any time when it deems it expedient to do so in connection with the performance of its duties or at our request. As a

 

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condition precedent to the execution and delivery, registration of transfer, split-up, combination or surrender of any ADR or withdrawal of any preference shares of the corresponding series, the ADR depositary or the custodian may require the person presenting the ADR or depositing the preference shares to pay a sum sufficient to reimburse it for any related tax or other governmental charge and any share transfer or registration fee and any applicable fees payable as provided in the deposit agreement. The ADR depositary may withhold any dividends or other distributions, or may sell for the account of the holder any part or all of the preference shares evidenced by the ADR, and may apply those dividends or other distributions or the proceeds of any sale in payment of the tax or other governmental charge. The ADR holder will remain liable for any deficiency.

Any ADR holder may be required from time to time to furnish the ADR depositary or the custodian with proof satisfactory to the ADR depositary of citizenship or residence, exchange control approval, information relating to the registration on our books or those that the registrar maintains for us for the preference shares in registered form of that series, or other information, to execute certificates and to make representations and warranties that the ADR depositary deems necessary or proper. Until those requirements have been satisfied, the ADR depositary may withhold the delivery or registration of transfer of any ADR or the distribution or sale of any dividend or other distribution or proceeds of any sale or distribution or the delivery of any deposited preference shares or other property related to the ADR. The delivery, transfer and surrender of ADRs of any series may be suspended during any period when the transfer books of the ADR depositary are closed or if we or the ADR depositary deem it necessary or advisable.

The deposit agreement and the ADRs are governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

The following is a summary of general information about our share capital and some provisions of our Articles of Association. This summary does not purport to be complete. It is subject to, and qualified by reference to, our Articles of Association, which you should read. We have included a copy of our Articles of Association with the SEC as an exhibit to the Registration Statement of which this prospectus forms a part.

General

Our authorized share capital as of June 30, 2008 consists of 3,000,000,000 ordinary shares of £1 each, 300,000,000 dollar-denominated preference shares of $0.25 each, 400,000 dollar-denominated preference shares of $100 each, 400,000 euro-denominated preference shares of €100 each, 1,000 sterling-denominated preference shares of £1 each and 400,000 sterling-denominated preference shares of £100 each. As of June 30, 2008, 2,338,170,515 ordinary shares of £1 each are issued (all of which are beneficially held by Barclays PLC), 237,000,000 dollar-denominated preference shares of $0.25 each, 100,000 dollar-denominated preference shares of $100 each, 240,000 euro-denominated preference shares of €100 each, 1,000 sterling-denominated preference shares of £1 each all of which are beneficially held by Barclays PLC and 75,000 sterling-denominated preference shares of £100 each, all of which have been issued.

Ordinary Shares

Dividend Rights

Holders of ordinary shares are entitled to receive on a pro rata basis, according to the number of paid-up shares held, any dividends that we may declare at a general meeting of shareholders, but no dividends are payable in excess of the amount that our Board of Directors recommends. The Board of Directors may declare and pay to the holders of ordinary shares interim dividends if, in the opinion of our Board, our distributable reserves justify such payment.

Dividends on ordinary shares, as well as on dollar-denominated preference shares of any series, may only be declared and paid out of our “distributable profits”. Rules prescribed by the U.K. Companies Act 1985 determine how much of our funds represent distributable profits. In broad outline, dividend distributions may only be made out of the outstanding balance of accumulated realized profits, less the outstanding balance of any accumulated realized losses, and provided that our net assets are not, or would not be reduced to, less than the total of our paid-up share capital and undistributable reserves.

So long as dollar-denominated preference shares of any series are outstanding and full dividends on them have not been paid (or a sum has not been set aside in full) for any dividend period, no dividends may be declared or paid, or other distribution made, upon our ordinary shares. We may, however, pay dividends on our ordinary shares or other shares ranking below the dollar-denominated preference shares of those series as to dividends upon liquidation. In addition, we may not redeem, repurchase or otherwise acquire for any consideration, or pay or make any moneys available for a sinking fund for the redemption of these shares, except by conversion into or exchange for our shares ranking below the dollar-denominated preference shares as to dividends and upon liquidation, until we have resumed the payment of full dividends (or a sum set aside in full) on all outstanding dollar-denominated preference shares or redeem the relevant preference shares in full.

Rights upon Liquidation

If there is a return of capital on our winding up or otherwise, after payment of all liabilities, and after paying or setting apart for payment the full preferential amounts to which the holders of all outstanding dollar-denominated preference shares of any series and any other of our shares ranking senior to the ordinary shares upon liquidation are entitled, our remaining assets will be divided among the holders of ordinary shares pro rata according to the number of ordinary shares held by them.

 

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Voting Rights

Each holder of ordinary shares who is entitled to be present and is present in person or by proxy at a general meeting of shareholders has on a show of hands one vote, and on a poll one vote for each ordinary share held. Voting at any general meeting of shareholders is by show of hands unless a poll is demanded. A poll may be demanded by the chairman of the meeting or by any shareholder present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote.

Miscellaneous

Holders of ordinary shares and dollar-denominated preference shares have no pre-emptive rights under our Articles of Association. However, except in some cases, English law restricts the ability of our Board of Directors, without appropriate authorization from the holders of our ordinary shares at a general meeting, to:

 

 

allot any shares or rights to subscribe for, or to convert any security into, any of our shares under any circumstances; or

 

 

issue for cash ordinary shares or rights to subscribe for, or to convert any security into, ordinary shares other than through rights to existing holders of ordinary shares.

TAX CONSIDERATIONS

U.S. Taxation

This section describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning preference shares, ADSs or debt securities. It is the opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, our U.S. tax counsel. It applies to you only if you acquire your preference shares, ADSs or debt securities in an offering and you hold your preference shares, ADSs or debt securities as capital assets for tax purposes. The U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning warrants will be described in the applicable pricing supplement.

This section does not apply to you if you are a member of a special class of holders subject to special rules, including:

 

 

a dealer in securities;

 

 

a trader in securities that elects to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for your securities holdings;

 

 

a tax-exempt organization;

 

 

a life insurance company;

 

 

a person that holds preference shares, ADSs or debt securities as part of a straddle or a hedging or conversion transaction;

 

 

a person whose functional currency is not the U.S. dollar;

 

 

in the case of debt securities, a bank;

 

 

in the case of preference shares or ADSs, a person liable for alternative minimum tax; or

 

 

in the case of preference shares or ADSs, a person that actually or constructively owns 10% or more of our voting stock.

This section is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, its legislative history, existing and proposed regulations, published rulings and court decisions, as well as on the income tax convention between the

 

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United States of America and the United Kingdom (the “Treaty”). These laws are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis. In addition, this section is based in part upon the representations of the ADR depositary. Assuming that each obligation in the deposit agreement and any related agreement will be performed in accordance with its terms, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, if you hold ADRs evidencing ADSs, you will in general be treated as the owner of the preference shares represented by those ADSs. Exchanges of preference shares for ADSs or ADSs for preference shares generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax.

If a partnership holds the preference shares, ADSs or debt securities, the U.S. federal income tax treatment of a partner will generally depend on the status of the partner and the tax treatment of the partnership. A partner in a partnership holding the notes should consult its tax advisor with regard to the U.S. federal income tax treatment of an investment in the notes.

You should consult your own tax advisor regarding the U.S. federal, state and local and other tax consequences of owning and disposing of preference shares, ADSs or debt securities in your particular circumstances.

U.S. Holders

This subsection describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to a U.S. holder of owning preference shares, ADSs or debt securities. You are a U.S. holder if you are a beneficial owner of preference shares, ADSs or debt securities and you are:

 

 

a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

 

a domestic corporation;

 

 

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income tax regardless of its source; or

 

 

a trust if a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision over the trust’s administration and one or more U.S. persons are authorized to control all substantial decisions of the trust.

Taxation of Debt Securities

This subsection deals only with debt securities that are due to mature 30 years or less from the date on which they are issued. The U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning debt securities that are due to mature more than 30 years from their date of issue will be discussed in an applicable prospectus supplement. Undated Subordinated Debt Securities generally will not be treated as debt securities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; the U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing Undated Subordinated Debt Securities will be discussed in an applicable prospectus supplement.

Payments of Interest

Except as described below in the case of interest on a discount debt security that is not qualified stated interest, each as defined below under “—Original Issue Discount—General”, you will be taxed on any interest on your debt securities as ordinary income at the time you receive the interest or when it accrues, depending on your method of accounting for tax purposes.

Original Issue Discount

General. If you own a debt security, other than a short-term debt security with a term of one year or less, it will be treated as a discount debt security issued at an original issue discount if the debt security’s stated redemption price at maturity exceeds its issue price by more than a de minimis amount. Generally, a debt security’s issue price will be the first price at which a substantial amount of debt securities included in the issue of which the debt security is a part is sold to persons other than bond houses, brokers, or similar persons or organizations acting in the capacity of underwriters, placement agents, or wholesalers. A debt security’s stated redemption price at maturity is the total of all payments provided by the debt security that are not payments of qualified stated interest. Generally, an interest

 

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payment on a debt security is qualified stated interest if it is one of a series of stated interest payments on a debt security that are unconditionally payable at least annually at a single fixed rate, with certain exceptions for lower rates paid during some periods, applied to the outstanding principal amount of the debt security. There are special rules for variable rate debt securities that are discussed under “—Variable Rate Debt Securities”.

In general, your debt security is not a discount debt security if the amount by which its stated redemption price at maturity exceeds its issue price is less than the de minimis amount of 1/4 of 1 percent of its stated redemption price at maturity multiplied by the number of complete years to its maturity. Your debt security will have de minimis original issue discount if the amount of the excess is less than the de minimis amount. If your debt security has de minimis original issue discount, you must include the de minimis amount in income as stated principal payments are made on the debt security, unless you make the election described below under “—Election to Treat All Interest as Original Issue Discount”. You can determine the includible amount with respect to each such payment by multiplying the total amount of your debt security’s de minimis original issue discount by a fraction equal to:

 

 

the amount of the principal payment made divided by:

 

 

the stated principal amount of the debt security.

Generally, if your discount debt security matures more than one year from its date of issue, you must include original issue discount, or OID in income before you receive cash attributable to that income. The amount of OID that you must include in income is calculated using a constant-yield method, and generally you will include increasingly greater amounts of OID in income over the life of your debt security. More specifically, you can calculate the amount of OID that you must include in income by adding the daily portions of OID with respect to your discount debt security for each day during the taxable year or portion of the taxable year that you hold your discount debt security. You can determine the daily portion by allocating to each day in any accrual period a pro rata portion of the OID allocable to that accrual period. You may select an accrual period of any length with respect to your discount debt security and you may vary the length of each accrual period over the term of your discount debt security. However, no accrual period may be longer than one year and each scheduled payment of interest or principal on the discount debt security must occur on either the first or final day of an accrual period.

You can determine the amount of OID allocable to an accrual period by:

 

 

multiplying your discount debt security’s adjusted issue price at the beginning of the accrual period by your debt security’s yield to maturity; and then

 

 

subtracting from this figure the sum of the payments of qualified stated interest on your debt security allocable to the accrual period.

You must determine the discount debt security’s yield to maturity on the basis of compounding at the close of each accrual period and adjusting for the length of each accrual period. Further, you determine your discount debt security’s adjusted issue price at the beginning of any accrual period by:

 

 

adding your discount debt security’s issue price and any accrued OID for each prior accrual period; and then

 

 

subtracting any payments previously made on your discount debt security that were not qualified stated interest payments.

If an interval between payments of qualified stated interest on your discount debt security contains more than one accrual period, then, when you determine the amount of OID allocable to an accrual period, you must allocate the amount of qualified stated interest payable at the end of the interval, including any qualified stated interest that is payable on the first day of the accrual period immediately following the interval, pro rata to each accrual period in the interval based on their relative lengths. In addition, you must increase the adjusted issue price at the beginning of each accrual period in the interval by the amount of any qualified stated interest that has accrued prior to the first day of the accrual period but that is not payable until the end of the interval. You may compute the amount of OID allocable to an initial short accrual period by using any reasonable method if all other accrual periods, other than a final short accrual period, are of equal length.

 

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The amount of OID allocable to the final accrual period is equal to the difference between:

 

 

the amount payable at the maturity of your debt security, other than any payment of qualified stated interest; and

 

 

your debt security’s adjusted issue price as of the beginning of the final accrual period.

Acquisition Premium. If you purchase your debt security for an amount that is less than or equal to the sum of all amounts, other than qualified stated interest, payable on your debt security after the purchase date but is greater than the amount of your debt security’s adjusted issue price, as determined above under “—General”, the excess is acquisition premium. If you do not make the election described below under “—Election to Treat All Interest as Original Issue Discount”, then you must reduce the daily portions of OID by a fraction equal to:

 

 

the excess of your adjusted basis in the debt security immediately after purchase over the adjusted issue price of the debt security;

divided by:

 

 

the excess of the sum of all amounts payable, other than qualified stated interest, on the debt security after the purchase date over the debt security’s adjusted issue price.

Pre-Issuance Accrued Interest. An election may be made to decrease the issue price of your debt security by the amount of pre-issuance accrued interest if:

 

 

a portion of the initial purchase price of your debt security is attributable to pre-issuance accrued interest;

 

 

the first stated interest payment on your debt security is to be made within one year of your debt security’s issue date; and

 

 

the payment will equal or exceed the amount of pre-issuance accrued interest.

If this election is made, a portion of the first stated interest payment will be treated as a return of the excluded pre-issuance accrued interest and not as an amount payable on your debt security.

Debt Securities Subject to Contingencies, Including Optional Redemption. Your debt security is subject to a contingency if it provides for an alternative payment schedule or schedules applicable upon the occurrence of a contingency or contingencies, other than a remote or incidental contingency, whether such contingency relates to payments of interest or of principal. In such a case, you must determine the yield and maturity of your debt security by assuming that the payments will be made according to the payment schedule most likely to occur if:

 

 

the timing and amounts of the payments that comprise each payment schedule are known as of the issue date; and

 

 

one of such schedules is significantly more likely than not to occur.

If there is no single payment schedule that is significantly more likely than not to occur, other than because of a mandatory sinking fund, you must include income on your debt security in accordance with the general rules that govern contingent payment obligations. If applicable, these rules will be discussed in the prospectus supplement.

Notwithstanding the general rules for determining yield and maturity, if your debt security is subject to contingencies, and either you or we have an unconditional option or options that, if exercised, would require payments to be made on the debt security under an alternative payment schedule or schedules, then:

 

 

in the case of an option or options that we may exercise, we will be deemed to exercise or not to exercise an option or combination of options in the manner that minimizes the yield on your debt security; and,

 

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in the case of an option or options that you may exercise, you will be deemed to exercise or not to exercise an option or combination of options in the manner that maximizes the yield on your debt security.

If both you and we hold options described in the preceding sentence, those rules will apply to each option in the order in which they may be exercised. You may determine the yield on your debt security for the purposes of those calculations by using any date on which your debt security may be redeemed or repurchased as the maturity date and the amount payable on the date that you chose in accordance with the terms of your debt security as the principal amount payable at maturity.

If a contingency, including the exercise of an option, actually occurs or does not occur contrary to an assumption made according to the above rules then, except to the extent that a portion of your debt security is repaid as a result of this change in circumstances and solely to determine the amount and accrual of OID, you must redetermine the yield and maturity of your debt security by treating your debt security as having been retired and reissued on the date of the change in circumstances for an amount equal to your debt security’s adjusted issue price on that date.

Election to Treat All Interest as Original Issue Discount. You may elect to include in gross income all interest that accrues on your debt security using the constant-yield method described above under “—General”, with the modifications described below. For purposes of this election, interest will include stated interest, OID, de minimis original issue discount, market discount, de minimis market discount and unstated interest, as adjusted by any amortizable bond premium, described below under “—Debt Securities Purchased at a Premium,” or acquisition premium.

If you make this election for your debt security, then, when you apply the constant-yield method:

 

 

the issue price of your debt security will equal your cost;

 

 

the issue date of your debt security will be the date you acquired it; and

 

 

no payments on your debt security will be treated as payments of qualified stated interest.

Generally, this election will apply only to the debt security for which you make it; however, if the debt security has amortizable bond premium, you will be deemed to have made an election to apply amortizable bond premium against interest for all debt instruments with amortizable bond premium, other than debt instruments the interest on which is excludible from gross income, that you hold as of the beginning of the taxable year to which the election applies or any taxable year thereafter. Additionally, if you make this election for a market discount note, you will be treated as having made the election discussed below under “—Market Discount” to include market discount in income currently over the life of all debt instruments that you currently own or later acquire. You may not revoke any election to apply the constant-yield method to all interest on a debt security or the deemed elections with respect to amortizable bond premium or market discount debt securities without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service.

Variable Rate Debt Securities. Your debt security will be a variable rate debt security if:

 

 

your debt security’s issue price does not exceed the total noncontingent principal payments by more than the lesser of:

 

  1. 1.5 percent of the product of the total noncontingent principal payments and the number of complete years to maturity from the issue date; or

 

  2. 15 percent of the total noncontingent principal payments; and

 

 

your debt security provides for stated interest, compounded or paid at least annually, only at:

 

  1. one or more qualified floating rates;

 

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  2. a single fixed rate and one or more qualified floating rates;

 

  3. a single objective rate; or

 

  4. a single fixed rate and a single objective rate that is a qualified inverse floating rate.

Your debt security will have a variable rate that is a qualified floating rate if:

 

 

variations in the value of the rate can reasonably be expected to measure contemporaneous variations in the cost of newly borrowed funds in the currency in which your debt security is denominated; or

 

 

the rate is equal to such a rate multiplied by either:

 

  1. a fixed multiple that is greater than 0.65 but not more than 1.35; or

 

  2. a fixed multiple greater than 0.65 but not more than 1.35, increased or decreased by a fixed rate; and

 

 

the value of the rate on any date during the term of your debt security is set no earlier than three months prior to the first day on which that value is in effect and no later than one year following that first day.

If your debt security provides for two or more qualified floating rates that are within 0.25 percentage points of each other on the issue date or can reasonably be expected to have approximately the same values throughout the term of the debt security, the qualified floating rates together constitute a single qualified floating rate.

Your debt security will not have a qualified floating rate, however, if the rate is subject to certain restrictions (including caps, floors, governors, or other similar restrictions) unless such restrictions are fixed throughout the term of the debt security or are not reasonably expected to significantly affect the yield on the debt security.

Your debt security will have a variable rate that is a single objective rate if:

 

 

the rate is not a qualified floating rate;

 

 

the rate is determined using a single, fixed formula that is based on objective financial or economic information that is not within the control of or unique to the circumstances of the issuer or a related party; and

 

 

the value of the rate on any date during the term of your debt security is set no earlier than three months prior to the first day on which that value is in effect and no later than one year following that first day.

Your debt security will not have a variable rate that is an objective rate, however, if it is reasonably expected that the average value of the rate during the first half of your debt security’s term will be either significantly less than or significantly greater than the average value of the rate during the final half of your debt security’s term.

An objective rate as described above is a qualified inverse floating rate if:

 

 

the rate is equal to a fixed rate minus a qualified floating rate; and

 

 

the variations in the rate can reasonably be expected to inversely reflect contemporaneous variations in the cost of newly borrowed funds.

 

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Your debt security will also have a single qualified floating rate or an objective rate if interest on your debt security is stated at a fixed rate for an initial period of one year or less followed by either a qualified floating rate or an objective rate for a subsequent period; and either:

 

 

the fixed rate and the qualified floating rate or objective rate have values on the issue date of the debt security that do not differ by more than 0.25 percentage points; or

 

 

the value of the qualified floating rate or objective rate is intended to approximate the fixed rate.

In general, if your variable rate debt security provides for stated interest at a single qualified floating rate or objective rate, or one of those rates after a single fixed rate for an initial period, all stated interest on your debt security is qualified stated interest. In this case, the amount of OID, if any, is determined by using, in the case of a qualified floating rate or qualified inverse floating rate, the value as of the issue date of the qualified floating rate or qualified inverse floating rate, or, for any other objective rate, a fixed rate that reflects the yield reasonably expected for your debt security.

If your variable rate debt security does not provide for stated interest at a single qualified floating rate or a single objective rate, and also does not provide for interest payable at a fixed rate other than a single fixed rate for an initial period, you generally must determine the interest and OID accruals on your debt security by:

 

 

determining a fixed rate substitute for each variable rate provided under your variable rate debt security;

 

 

constructing the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument, using the fixed rate substitute described above;

 

 

determining the amount of qualified stated interest and OID with respect to the equivalent fixed rate debt instrument; and

 

 

adjusting for actual variable rates during the applicable accrual period.

When you determine the fixed rate substitute for each variable rate provided under the variable rate debt security, you generally will use the value of each variable rate as of the issue date or, for an objective rate that is not a qualified inverse floating rate, a rate that reflects the reasonably expected yield on your debt security.

If your variable rate debt security provides for stated interest either at one or more qualified floating rates or at a qualified inverse floating rate, and also provides for stated interest at a single fixed rate other than at a single fixed rate for an initial period, you generally must determine interest and OID accruals by using the method described in the previous paragraph. However, your variable rate debt security will be treated, for purposes of the first three steps of the determination, as if your debt security had provided for a qualified floating rate, or a qualified inverse floating rate, rather than the fixed rate. The qualified floating rate, or qualified inverse floating rate, that replaces the fixed rate must be such that the fair market value of your variable rate debt security as of the issue date approximates the fair market value of an otherwise identical debt instrument that provides for the qualified floating rate, or qualified inverse floating rate, rather than the fixed rate.

Short-Term Debt Securities. In general, if you are an individual or other cash basis U.S. holder of a short-term debt security, you are not required to accrue OID, as specially defined below for the purposes of this paragraph, for U.S. federal income tax purposes unless you elect to do so (although it is possible that you may be required to include any stated interest in income as you receive it). If you are an accrual basis taxpayer, a taxpayer in a special class, including, but not limited to, a regulated investment company, common trust fund, or a certain type of pass-through entity, or a cash basis taxpayer who so elects, you will be required to accrue OID on short-term debt securities on either a straight-line basis or under the constant-yield method, based on daily compounding. If you are not required and do not elect to include OID in income currently, any gain you realize on the sale or retirement of your short-term debt security will be ordinary income to the extent of the accrued OID, which will be determined on a straight-line basis unless you make an election to accrue the OID under the constant-yield method, through the date of sale or retirement. However, if you are not required and do not elect to accrue OID on your short-term debt securities, you will be required to defer deductions for interest on borrowings allocable to your short-term debt securities in an amount not exceeding the deferred income until the deferred income is realized.

 

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When you determine the amount of OID subject to these rules, you must include all interest payments on your short-term debt security, including stated interest, in your short-term debt security’s stated redemption price at maturity.

Market Discount

You will be treated as if you purchased your debt security, other than a short-term debt security, at a market discount, and your debt security will be a market discount debt security if:

 

 

you purchase your debt security for less than its issue price as determined above under “Original Issue Discount—General”; and

 

 

the difference between the debt security’s stated redemption price at maturity or, in the case of a discount debt security, the debt security’s revised issue price, and the price you paid for your debt security is equal to or greater than 1/4 of 1 percent of your debt security’s stated redemption price at maturity or revised issue price, respectively, multiplied by the number of complete years to the debt security’s maturity. To determine the revised issue price of your debt security for these purposes, you generally add any OID that has accrued on your debt security to its issue price.

If your debt security’s stated redemption price at maturity or, in the case of a discount debt security, its revised issue price, exceeds the price you paid for the debt security by less than 1/4 of 1 percent multiplied by the number of complete years to the debt security’s maturity, the excess constitutes de minimis market discount, and the rules discussed below are not applicable to you.

You must treat any gain you recognize on the maturity or disposition of your market discount debt security as ordinary income to the extent of the accrued market discount on your debt security. Alternatively, you may elect to include market discount in income currently over the life of your debt security. If you make this election, it will apply to all debt instruments with market discount that you acquire on or after the first day of the first taxable year to which the election applies. You may not revoke this election without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service. If you own a market discount debt security and do not make this election, you will generally be required to defer deductions for interest on borrowings allocable to your debt security in an amount not exceeding the accrued market discount on your debt security until the maturity or disposition of your debt security.

You will accrue market discount on your market discount debt security on a straight-line basis unless you elect to accrue market discount using a constant-yield method. If you make this election, it will apply only to the debt security with respect to which it is made and you may not revoke it.

Debt Securities Purchased at a Premium

If you purchase your debt security for an amount in excess of its principal amount, you may elect to treat the excess as amortizable bond premium. If you make this election, you will reduce the amount required to be included in your income each year with respect to interest on your debt security by the amount of amortizable bond premium allocable to that year, based on your debt security’s yield to maturity. If you make an election to amortize bond premium, it will apply to all debt instruments, other than debt instruments the interest on which is excludible from gross income, that you hold at the beginning of the first taxable year to which the election applies or that you thereafter acquire, and you may not revoke it without the consent of the Internal Revenue Service. See also “Original Issue Discount—Election to Treat All Interest as Original Issue Discount”.

 

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Purchase, Sale and Retirement of the Debt Securities

Your tax basis in your debt security will generally be your cost of your debt security adjusted by:

 

 

adding any OID or market discount, de minimis original issue discount and de minimis market discount previously included in income with respect to your debt security; and then

 

 

subtracting any payments on your debt security that are not qualified stated interest payments and any amortizable bond premium applied to reduce interest on your debt security.

You will generally recognize gain or loss on the sale or retirement of your debt security equal to the difference between the amount you realize on the sale or retirement and your tax basis in your debt security.

You will recognize capital gain or loss when you sell or retire your debt security, except to the extent:

 

 

described above under “Original Issue Discount—Short-Term Debt Securities” or “Market Discount”;

 

 

attributable to accrued but unpaid interest; or

 

 

the rules governing contingent payment obligations apply.

Capital gain of a noncorporate U.S. holder that is recognized before January 1, 2011 is generally taxed at a maximum rate of 15% where the holder has a holding period of greater than one year.

Other Debt Securities

The applicable prospectus supplement will discuss any special U.S. federal income tax rules with respect to debt securities the payments on which are determined by reference to any reference asset and other debt securities that are subject to the rules governing contingent payment obligations which are not subject to the rules governing variable rate debt securities.

Taxation of Preference Shares and ADSs

Dividends. Under the U.S. federal income tax laws, if you are a U.S. holder, the gross amount of any dividend paid by us out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes) is subject to U.S. federal income taxation. Subject to the discussion below under the heading “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”, if you are a noncorporate U.S. holder, dividends paid to you in taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011 that constitute qualified dividend income will be taxable to you at a maximum tax rate of 15% provided that you hold the shares or ADSs for more than 60 days during the 121-day period beginning 60 days before the ex-dividend date. Dividends we pay with respect to the shares or ADSs generally will be qualified dividend income. The dividend is ordinary income that you must include in income when you, in the case of preference shares, or the ADR depositary, in the case of ADSs, receive the dividend, actually or constructively. The dividend will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction generally allowed to U.S. corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations. Distributions in excess of current and accumulated earnings and profits, as determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, will be treated as a non-taxable return of capital to the extent of your basis in the preference shares or ADSs and thereafter as capital gain.

Capital Gains. Subject to the discussion below under the heading “Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations”, if you are a U.S. holder and you sell or otherwise dispose of your preference shares or ADSs, you will recognize capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes equal to the difference between the amount that you realize and your tax basis in your preference shares or ADSs. Capital gain of a noncorporate U.S. holder that is recognized before January 1, 2011 is generally taxed at a maximum rate of 15% where the holder has a holding period of greater than one year. The gain or loss will generally be income or loss from sources within the United States for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.

 

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Passive Foreign Investment Company Considerations

A non-United States corporation will be a passive foreign investment company (a “PFIC”) for any taxable year if either (1) 75% or more of its gross income in the taxable year is passive income or (2) 50% or more of the average value of its assets in the taxable year produces, or is held for the production of, passive income. Based upon certain management estimates and proposed Treasury regulations, Barclays believes that it was not a PFIC for the 2007 taxable year, expects that it was not a PFIC for the 2008 taxable year and expects that it will not be a PFIC in subsequent taxable years. However, since Barclays’ status as a PFIC for any taxable year depends on the composition of Barclays’ income and assets (and the market value of such assets) from time to time, there can be no assurance that Barclays will not be considered a PFIC for any taxable year. If Barclays were considered a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold preference shares or ADSs, you could be subject to unfavorable tax consequences, including significantly more tax upon a disposition of such preference shares or ADSs or upon receipt of certain dividends from Barclays.

U.S. Alien Holders

This subsection describes the tax consequences to a U.S. alien holder of owning and disposing of debt securities, preference shares or ADSs. Undated Subordinated Debt Securities generally will not be treated as debt securities for U.S. federal income tax purposes; the U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing Undated Subordinated Debt Securities will be discussed in an applicable prospectus supplement. You are a U.S. alien holder if you are a beneficial owner of a debt security, preference share or ADS and you are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes:

 

 

a nonresident alien individual;

 

 

a foreign corporation; or

 

 

an estate or trust that in either case is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis on income or gain from a debt security.

If you are a U.S. holder, this subsection does not apply to you.

Interest on Debt Securities. Under U.S. federal income and estate tax law, and subject to the discussion of backup withholding below, if you are a U.S. alien holder, interest on a debt security paid to you is exempt from U.S. federal income tax, including withholding tax, whether or not you are engaged in a trade or business in the United States, unless:

 

 

you are an insurance company carrying on a U.S. insurance business to which the interest is attributable, within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code; or

 

 

you have an office or other fixed place of business in the United States to which the interest is attributable and derive the interest in the active conduct of a banking, financing or similar business within the United States.

Dividend on Preference Shares or ADSs. If you are a U.S. alien holder, dividends paid to you in respect of your preference shares or ADSs will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax unless the dividends are “effectively connected” with your conduct of a trade or business within the United States, and, if required by an applicable income tax treaty as a condition for subjecting you to U.S. taxation on a net income basis, the dividends are attributable to a permanent establishment that you maintain in the United States. In such cases you generally will be taxed in the same manner as a U.S. holder. If you are a corporate U.S. alien holder, “effectively connected” dividends may, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a rate of 30 percent or a lower rate if you are eligible for the benefits of an income tax treaty that provides for a lower rate.

 

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Disposition of the Debt Securities, Preference Shares or ADSs. If you are a U.S. alien holder, you generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax on gain realized on the sale, exchange or retirement of your debt security, preference share or ADS unless:

 

 

the gain is effectively connected with your conduct of a trade or business in the United States, and the gain is attributable to a permanent establishment that you maintain in the United States if that is required by an applicable income tax treaty as a condition for subjecting you to U.S. taxation on a net income basis; or

 

 

you are an individual, you are present in the United States for 183 or more days during the taxable year in which the gain is realized and certain other conditions exist.

If you are a corporate U.S. alien holder, “effectively connected” gains that you recognize may also, under certain circumstances, be subject to an additional “branch profits tax” at a 30 percent rate or at a lower rate if you are eligible for the benefits of an income tax treaty that provides for a lower rate.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

If you are a noncorporate U.S. holder, information reporting requirements, on Internal Revenue Service Form 1099, generally will apply to:

 

 

payments of principal and interest on a debt security and dividends or other taxable distributions with respect to a preference share or an ADS within the United States, including payments made by wire transfer from outside the United States to an account you maintain in the United States; and

 

 

the payment of the proceeds from the sale of a debt security, preference share or ADS effected at a U.S. office of a broker.

Additionally, backup withholding will apply to such payments if you are a noncorporate U.S. holder that:

 

 

fails to provide an accurate taxpayer identification number, is notified by the Internal Revenue Service that you have failed to report all interest and dividends required to be shown on your federal income tax returns; or

 

 

in certain circumstances, fails to comply with applicable certification requirements.

If you are a U.S. alien holder, you are generally exempt from backup withholding and information reporting requirements with respect to:

 

 

payments of principal and interest on a debt security or dividends with respect to a preference share or ADS made to you outside the United States by us or another non-U.S. payor; and

 

 

other payments of principal, interest and dividends and the payment of the proceeds from the sale of a debt security, preference share or ADS effected at a U.S. office of a broker, as long as the income associated with such payments is otherwise exempt from U.S. federal income tax; and:

 

 

the payor or broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a U.S. person and you have furnished to the payor or broker:

 

 

an Internal Revenue Service Form W-8BEN or an acceptable substitute form upon which you certify, under penalties of perjury, that you are a non-U.S. person; or

 

 

other documentation upon which it may rely to treat the payments as made to a non-U.S. person in accordance with U.S. Treasury regulations; or

 

 

you otherwise establish an exemption.

 

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Payment of the proceeds from the sale of a debt security, preference share or ADS effected at a foreign office of a broker generally will not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding. However, a sale of a debt security, preference share or ADS that is effected at a foreign office of a broker will be subject to information reporting and backup withholding if:

 

 

the proceeds are transferred to an account maintained by you in the United States;

 

 

the payment of proceeds or the confirmation of the sale is mailed to you at a U.S. address; or

 

 

the sale has some other specified connection with the United States as provided in U.S. Treasury regulations;

unless the broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a U.S. person and the documentation requirements described above are met or you otherwise establish an exemption.

In addition, a sale of a debt security, preference share or ADS effected at a foreign office of a broker will be subject to information reporting if the broker is:

 

 

a U.S. person;

 

 

a controlled foreign corporation for U.S. tax purposes;

 

 

a foreign person 50% or more of whose gross income is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business for a specified three-year period;

 

 

a foreign partnership, if at any time during its tax year:

 

 

one or more of its partners are “U.S. persons”, as defined in U.S. Treasury regulations, who in the aggregate hold more than 50% of the income or capital interest in the partnership; or

 

 

such foreign partnership is engaged in the conduct of a U.S. trade or business,

unless the broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that you are a U.S. person and the documentation requirements described above are met or you otherwise establish an exemption. Backup withholding will apply if the sale is subject to information reporting and the broker has actual knowledge that you are a U.S. person.

You generally may obtain a refund of any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules that exceed your income tax liability by filing a refund claim with the United States Internal Revenue Service.

United Kingdom Taxation

The following paragraphs summarize certain United Kingdom withholding and other tax considerations with respect to the acquisition, ownership and disposition of the debt securities, preference shares and ADSs described in this prospectus by persons who are the absolute beneficial owners of their debt securities, preference shares or ADSs (as the case may be) and who are neither (a) resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes nor (b) hold debt securities, preference shares or ADSs in connection with any trade or business carried on in the United Kingdom through any branch, agency or permanent establishment in the United Kingdom. It is based upon the opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, our United Kingdom solicitors. Certain United Kingdom tax considerations with respect to the warrants will be described in the applicable pricing supplement. This summary is based on current United Kingdom law and HM Revenue & Customs practice and the provisions of the Double Taxation Treaty between the United Kingdom and the United States (the “Treaty”) of July 24, 2001 (as amended), all of which are subject to change at any time, possibly with retrospective effect.

 

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This summary is not comprehensive and does not deal with the position of United Kingdom resident persons or with that of persons who are resident outside the United Kingdom who carry on a trade, profession or vocation in the United Kingdom through a branch, agency or permanent establishment in the United Kingdom through or for the purposes of which their debt securities, preference shares or ADSs are used or held. Additionally the summary may not apply to certain classes of persons, such as dealers in securities. The summary below assumes that holders of ADSs will in practice be treated for the purposes of United Kingdom tax as beneficial owners of the preference shares represented by the ADSs.

You should consult your own tax advisors concerning the consequences of acquiring, owning and disposing of debt securities, preference shares and ADSs in your particular circumstances, including the applicability and effect of the Treaty.

Debt Securities

Payments of Interest. If the interest on the debt securities does not have a United Kingdom source, no withholding or deduction for or on account of United Kingdom tax will be made from payments of interest on the debt securities.

Interest on the debt securities may, however, constitute United Kingdom source income for United Kingdom tax purposes. Even if the interest does have a United Kingdom source, debt securities that carry a right to interest will constitute “quoted Eurobonds” within the meaning of Section 987 of the Income Tax Act 2007 (the “ITA”), provided they are and continue to be listed on a “recognized stock exchange” within the meaning of Section 1005 of the ITA. Accordingly, payments of interest (including payments of premium, if any, to the extent such premium, or any part of such premium, constitutes interest for United Kingdom tax purposes) on the debt securities made by us or any paying agent (or received by any collecting agent) may be made (or received, as the case may be) without withholding or deduction for or on account of United Kingdom income tax provided the debt securities are listed on a recognized stock exchange at the time the interest is paid.

Interest on debt securities having a maturity of not more than 364 days from the date of issue may also be paid without withholding or deduction for or on account of United Kingdom income tax, provided the debt securities are not issued under arrangements the effect of which is to render such debt securities part of a borrowing with a total term of a year or more. In addition to the exemptions described above, interest on the debt securities may be paid without withholding or deduction for or on account of United Kingdom income tax so long as the issuer of the debt securities is authorized for the purposes of the United Kingdom Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (“FSMA”) and its business consists wholly or mainly of dealing in financial instruments (as defined by Section 984 of the ITA) as principal and so long as such payments are made by the issuer of the debt securities in the ordinary course of that business. We are currently authorized for the purposes of FSMA.

In all other cases, unless the interest on the debt securities is paid by a “bank” (as defined in section 991 of the ITA) in the ordinary course of its business, an amount must be withheld on account of income tax at the basic rate (currently 20%), subject to any such relief as may be available or, any direction to the contrary by HM Revenue & Customs under, an applicable double tax treaty. In accordance with the published practice of HM Revenue & Customs, interest will be accepted as being paid by a “bank” in the ordinary course of business unless either (i) the borrowing in question conforms to any of the definitions of tier 1, 2 or 3 capital adopted by the FSA, whether or not it actually counts toward tier 1, 2 or 3 capital for regulatory purposes, or (ii) the characteristics of the transaction giving rise to the interest are primarily attributable to an intention to avoid United Kingdom tax. We are currently a “bank” for the purposes of Section 991 of the ITA.

Payments made in respect of the debt securities may be subject to United Kingdom tax by direct assessment even where such payments are paid without withholding. However, as regards a holder of debt securities who is not resident in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes, payments made in respect of the debt securities without withholding will not be subject to United Kingdom tax provided that the relevant holder does not (in the case of an individual) have a “U.K. representative”, within the meaning of the Finance Act 1995, through whom the holder of the debt securities carries on a trade, profession or vocation in the United Kingdom and to which the interest is attributable or (in the case of a company) carry on a trade or business in the United Kingdom through any permanent establishment in the United Kingdom.

 

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Discount. The profit realized on any disposal (which includes redemption) of any Discount Security may attract United Kingdom withholding tax. However, even if it does not, it may be subject to United Kingdom tax by direct assessment to the same extent as interest which has a United Kingdom source and may also be subject to reporting requirements as outlined below under “—Provision of Information”.

Payments other than interest. Where a payment on a debt security does not constitute (or is not treated as) interest for United Kingdom tax purposes, it could potentially be subject to United Kingdom withholding tax if, for example, it constitutes (or is treated as) an annual payment, a manufactured payment, rent or royalties for United Kingdom tax purposes (which will be determined by, amongst other things, the terms and conditions specified in the pricing supplement of the debt securities). In such a case, the payment may fall to be made under deduction of United Kingdom tax (the rate of withholding depending on the nature of the payment), subject to any exemption from withholding which may apply and to such relief as may be available under the provisions of any applicable double tax treaty. Holders of debt securities should seek their own professional advice as regards the withholding tax treatment of any payment on the debt securities which does not constitute “interest” or “principal” as those terms are understood in United Kingdom tax law.

Provision of Information. Holders of debt securities should note that the Company or any persons in the United Kingdom paying interest to or receiving interest on behalf of another person may be required to provide certain information to HM Revenue & Customs regarding the identity of the payee or person entitled to the interest and, in certain circumstances, such information may be exchanged with tax authorities in other countries.

In addition, on June 3, 2003 the Council adopted EC Council Directive 2003/48/EC (the “Directive”). Under the Directive, each Member State of the EU is required to provide to the tax authorities of another Member State details of payments of interest or other similar income paid by a person within its jurisdiction to, or collected by such a person for, an individual resident or certain limited types of entity established in that other Member State; however, for a transitional period, Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg may instead apply a withholding system in relation to such payments, deducting tax at rates rising over time to 35 percent. The transitional period is to terminate at the end of the first full fiscal year following agreement by certain non-EU countries to the exchange of information relating to such payments.

A number of non-EU countries, and certain dependent or associated territories of certain Member States, have adopted similar measures (either provision of information or transitional withholding) in relation to payments made by a person within its jurisdiction to, or collected by such a person for, an individual resident or certain limited types of entity established in a Member State. In addition, the Member States have entered into provision of information or transitional withholding arrangements with certain of those dependent or associated territories in relation to payments made by a person in a Member State to, or collected by such a person for, an individual resident or certain limited types of entity established in one of those territories.

Investors should note that the European Commission has announced proposals to amend the Directive in order to improve its effectiveness. The proposed amendments, if implemented, would extend the scope of the Directive so as to cover (i) a wider range of income similar to interest, and (ii) payments made through certain types of entity (whether or not established in a Member State) for the ultimate benefit of an EU resident individual.

Disposal (including Redemption), Accruals and Changes in Value. A holder of debt securities who is neither resident nor (in the case of an individual) ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom will not be liable to United Kingdom taxation in respect of a disposal (including redemption) of a debt security, any gain accrued in respect of a debt security or any change in the value of a debt security unless the holder carries on a trade, profession or vocation in the United Kingdom through a branch or agency or, in the case of a company, through a permanent establishment and the debt security was used in or for the purposes of this trade, profession or vocation or acquired for the use and used by or for the purposes of the branch or agency or permanent establishment.

Inheritance Tax. A holder of debt securities who is an individual domiciled outside the United Kingdom will generally not be liable to United Kingdom inheritance tax in respect of his holding of debt securities. This will be the case provided that any register of the debt securities is held outside the United Kingdom and the securities are only enforceable outside the United Kingdom. If no register is maintained, there may be a liability to inheritance tax if the debt securities are held or enforceable in the United Kingdom, and this may also be the case if the debt

 

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securities are registered and the only register which is maintained is maintained in the United Kingdom. If this is the case, exemption from or reduction in any United Kingdom inheritance tax liability may be available for U.S. holders under the Estate Tax Treaty made between the United Kingdom and the United States. Holders should note that “domicile” usually has an extended meaning in respect of inheritance tax, so that a person who has been resident for tax purposes in the United Kingdom for 17 out of a period of 20 years ending with the current year will be regarded as domiciled in the United Kingdom.

Issue of debt securities—Stamp Duty . No United Kingdom stamp duty will generally be payable on the issue of debt securities provided that, in the case of bearer debt securities, the debt securities either constitute “loan capital” for the purposes of section 78(7) of the Finance Act 1986 or the debt securities are denominated in a currency other than sterling.

Issue of debt securities—Stamp Duty Reserve Tax . No United Kingdom stamp duty reserve tax will be payable on the issue of debt securities unless the debt securities are issued directly to the provider of a clearance service or its nominee. In that case, stamp duty reserve tax may be chargeable at the rate of 1.5% of the issue price of the debt securities.

This charge will arise unless either (a) a statutory exemption is available or (b) the clearance service has made an election under section 97A of Finance Act 1986 which applies to the relevant debt securities. A statutory exemption from the charge will be available (i) if the relevant debt securities constitute “exempt loan capital” (see below, under “—Transfer of debt securities—Stamp Duty”), or (ii) for certain bearer securities provided certain conditions are satisfied.

If this charge arises, the clearance service operator or its nominee will strictly be accountable for the stamp duty reserve tax, but in practice it will generally be reimbursed by participants in the clearance service.

Transfers of debt securities—Stamp Duty . No liability for United Kingdom ad valorem stamp duty will arise on a transfer of, or an agreement to transfer, full legal and beneficial ownership of any debt securities, provided that the debt securities constitute “exempt loan capital”. “Exempt loan capital” is “loan capital” for the purposes of section 78(7) of the Finance Act 1986 which does not carry or (in the case of (ii), (iii) and (iv) below) has not at any time prior to the relevant transfer or agreement carried any of the following rights:

 

  (i) a right of conversion into shares or other securities, or to the acquisition of shares or other securities, including loan capital of the same description;

 

  (ii) a right to interest the amount of which exceeds a reasonable commercial return on the nominal amount of the capital;

 

  (iii) a right to interest the amount of which falls or has fallen to be determined to any extent by reference to the results of, or of any part of, a business or to the value of any property; or

 

  (iv) a right on repayment to an amount which exceeds the nominal amount of the capital and is not reasonably comparable with what is generally repayable (in respect of a similar nominal amount of capital) under the terms of issue of loan capital listed in the Official List of the Financial Services Authority acting in its capacity as the competent authority for the purposes of Part VI of the FSMA.

Even if a debt security does not constitute exempt loan capital (a “Non-Exempt Debt Security”), no stamp duty will arise on transfer of the debt security if the debt security is held within a clearing system and the transfer is effected by electronic means, without executing any written transfer of, or written agreement to transfer, the debt security.

However if a Non-Exempt Debt Security is transferred by means of a written instrument, or a written agreement is entered into to transfer an interest in the debt security where such interest falls short of full legal and beneficial ownership of the debt security, the relevant instrument or agreement may be liable to stamp duty (at the rate of 0.5% of the consideration, rounded up if necessary to the nearest multiple of £5). If the relevant instrument or agreement is executed and retained outside the United Kingdom at all times, no stamp duty should, in practice, need to be paid

 

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on such document. However, in the event that the relevant document is executed in or brought into the United Kingdom for any purpose, then stamp duty may be payable. Interest may also be payable on the amount of such stamp duty, unless the document is duly stamped within 30 days after the day on which it was executed. Penalties for late stamping may also be payable on the stamping of such document (in addition to interest) unless the document is duly stamped within 30 days after the day on which it was executed or, if the instrument was executed outside the United Kingdom, within 30 days of it first being brought into the United Kingdom. However, no stamp duty will be payable on any such written transfer, or written agreement to transfer, if the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer is £1,000 or under, and the document contains a statement that the transfer does not form part of a larger transaction or series of transactions in respect of which the amount or value, or aggregate amount or value, of the consideration exceeds £1,000.

In addition to the above, if a Non-Exempt Debt Security is in registered form, and the debt security is transferred, or agreed to be transferred, to a clearance service provider or its nominee, stamp duty may be chargeable (at the rate of 1.5% of the consideration for the transfer or, if none, of the value of the relevant debt securities, rounded up if necessary to the nearest multiple of £5) on any document effecting, or containing an agreement to effect, such a transfer.

If a document is subject to stamp duty, it may not be produced in civil proceedings in the United Kingdom, and may not be available for any other purpose in the United Kingdom, until the stamp duty (and any interest and penalties for late stamping) have been paid.

Transfers of debt securities—Stamp Duty Reserve Tax. No stamp duty reserve tax will be chargeable on the transfer of, or on an agreement to transfer, full legal and beneficial ownership of a debt security which constitutes “exempt loan capital”.

If a debt security is a “Non-Exempt Debt Security”, stamp duty reserve tax (at the rate of 0.5% of the consideration) may be chargeable on an unconditional agreement to transfer the debt security. An exemption from the charge is available for certain securities in bearer form, provided certain conditions are satisfied. In addition, an exemption from the charge will be available if the debt securities are held within a clearance service, provided the clearance service has not made an election pursuant to section 97A which applies to the relevant debt securities. Any liability to stamp duty reserve tax which arises on such an agreement may be removed if a transfer is executed pursuant to the agreement and either no stamp duty is chargeable on that transfer or the transfer is duly stamped within the prescribed time limits. Where stamp duty reserve tax arises, it is normally the liability of the purchaser or transferee of the debt securities, except where otherwise stated.

In addition to the above, stamp duty reserve tax may be chargeable (at the rate of 1.5% of the consideration for the transfer or, if none, of the value of the relevant debt security) on the transfer of a Non-Exempt Debt Security to the provider of a clearance service or its nominee. This charge will arise unless either (a) a statutory exemption is available or (b) the clearance service has made an election under section 97A of Finance Act 1986 which applies to the relevant debt securities. A statutory exemption from the charge will be available for certain bearer securities provided certain conditions are satisfied. If this charge arises, the clearance service operator or its nominee will strictly be accountable for the stamp duty reserve tax, but in practice it will generally be reimbursed by participants in the clearance service.

Redemption of debt securities—Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax. No stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax will generally be payable on the redemption of debt securities, provided no issue or transfer of shares or other securities is effected upon or in connection with such redemption.

Preference Shares and ADSs

Dividends. No withholding or deduction for or on account of United Kingdom tax will be made from payments of dividends on the preference shares or ADSs.

Holders of preference shares or ADSs who are not resident for tax purposes in the United Kingdom and who receive a dividend from us will not have any further United Kingdom tax to pay in respect of such dividend. Holders of

 

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preference shares or ADSs will not normally be able to claim any additional payment in respect of the dividend from HM Revenue & Customs under any applicable double tax treaty; in particular, holders who are resident in the United States for tax purposes will not be able to claim any additional payment in respect of the dividend from HM Revenue & Customs under the Treaty.

Disposals. Holders of preference shares or ADSs who are neither resident nor (in the case of an individual) ordinarily resident in the United Kingdom will not normally be liable for United Kingdom tax on chargeable gains (or for any other United Kingdom tax upon a disposal or deemed disposal of preference shares or ADSs) unless they carry on a trade, profession or vocation in the United Kingdom through a branch or agency or, in the case of a company, through a permanent establishment, and the preference shares or ADSs are or have been used or held by or for the purposes of this trade, profession or vocation or acquired for the use and used by or for the purposes of the branch or agency or permanent establishment, in which case such holders of preference shares or ADSs might, depending on individual circumstances, be liable to United Kingdom tax on chargeable gains on any disposal (or deemed disposal) of preference shares or ADSs.

Inheritance Tax. Preference shares or ADSs beneficially owned by an individual may be subject to U.K. inheritance tax on the death of the individual or, in some circumstances, if the preference shares or ADSs are the subject of a gift, including a transfer at less than full market value, by that individual.

Inheritance tax is not generally chargeable on gifts to individuals made more than seven years before the death of the donor.

Subject to limited exclusions, gifts to settlements (which would include, very broadly, private trust arrangements) or to companies may give rise to an immediate inheritance tax charge. Preference shares or ADSs held in settlements may also be subject to inheritance tax charges periodically during the continuance of the settlement, on transfers out of the settlement or on certain other events. Investors should take their own professional advice as to whether any particular arrangements constitute a settlement for inheritance tax purposes.

Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax. Any documentary transfer of, or documentary agreement to transfer, any preference share or any interest in any preference share will generally be liable to United Kingdom ad valorem stamp duty, generally at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer (rounded up to the next multiple of £5 in the case of stamp duty). Stamp duty will not be chargeable on any document effecting a transfer, or document containing an agreement to transfer the preference shares where the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer is £1,000 or under £1,000, and the document effecting the transfer is certified at £1,000. Stamp duty is usually the liability of the purchaser or transferee of the shares. An unconditional agreement to transfer such preference shares will also generally be subject to stamp duty reserve tax, generally at the rate of 0.5% of the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer, but such liability will be cancelled, or, if already paid, refunded, if the agreement is completed by a duly stamped transfer within six years of the agreement having become unconditional. Stamp duty reserve tax is normally the liability of the purchaser or transferee of the shares.

Where we issue preference shares, or a holder of preference shares transfers such preference shares, to an ADR issuer, a liability for United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax at the rate of 1.5% (rounded up to the next multiple of £5 in the case of stamp duty) of either the issue price or, in the case of a transfer, the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer, or the value of the preference shares, may arise. Any such liability for United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax will strictly be the liability of the ADR issuer (or their nominee or agent). However, in practice, (i) where preference shares are issued to an ADR issuer, we will reimburse the ADR issuer or otherwise bear the cost and (ii) where preference shares are transferred to an ADR issuer, the liability for payment of the United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax will depend on the arrangements in place between the seller, the ADR issuer and the purchaser.

Where we issue preference shares, or a holder of preference shares transfers such preference shares, to a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent) and where the person providing clearance services has not made an election under section 97A Finance Act 1986, a liability for United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax at the rate of 1.5% (rounded up to the next multiple of £5 in the case of stamp duty) of either the issue price or, in the case of a transfer, the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer, or the value of the preference shares, may arise. Any such liability for United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax will

 

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strictly be the liability of the person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent). However, in practice, (i) where preference shares are issued to a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent), we will reimburse the person providing clearing services or otherwise bear the cost and (ii) where preference shares are transferred to a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent), the liability for payment of the United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax will depend on the arrangements in place between the seller, the person providing clearance services and the purchaser. Transfers of preference shares within a clearance system are generally outside the scope of stamp duty as long as there is no instrument of transfer, and are exempt from stamp duty reserve tax.

Where we issue preference shares, or a holder of preference shares transfers such preference shares, to a person providing clearance services (or their nominee or agent), and that person has made an election under section 97A Finance Act 1986, there will be no liability for United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax at the rate of 1.5% of either the issue price or, in the case of a transfer, the amount or value of the consideration for the transfer, or the value of the preference shares. However, in such case, a liability for United Kingdom stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax may arise on the transfer of, or agreement to transfer, preference shares within the clearance system (as set out in the first paragraph under the heading “Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax”).

No liability for stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax will arise on a transfer of ADSs, provided that any document that effects such transfer is not executed in the United Kingdom and that it remains at all subsequent times outside the United Kingdom. An agreement to transfer ADSs will not give rise to a liability for stamp duty reserve tax.

PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION

Initial Offering and Issue of Securities

We may issue all or part of the securities from time to time, in terms determined at that time, through underwriters, dealers and/or agents, directly to purchasers or through a combination of any of these methods. We will set forth in the applicable prospectus supplement:

 

 

the terms of the offering of the securities;

 

 

the names of any underwriters, dealers or agents involved in the sale of the securities;

 

 

the principal amounts of securities any underwriters will subscribe for;

 

 

any applicable underwriting commissions or discounts which shall be no more than 3% of the proceeds from the offering; and

 

 

our net proceeds.

If we use underwriters in the issue, they will acquire the securities for their own account and they may effect distribution of the securities from time to time in one or more transactions. These transactions may be at a fixed price or prices, which they may change, or at prevailing market prices, or related to prevailing market prices, or at negotiated prices. The securities may be offered to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by managing underwriters or underwriters without a syndicate. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, the underwriters’ obligations to subscribe for the securities will depend on certain conditions being satisfied. If the conditions are satisfied the underwriters will be obligated to subscribe for all of the securities of the series, if they subscribe for any of them. The initial public offering price of any securities and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers may change from time to time.

If we use dealers in the issue, unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, we will issue the securities to the dealers as principals. The dealers may then sell the securities to the public at varying prices that the dealers will determine at the time of sale.

 

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We may also issue securities through agents we designate from time to time, or we may issue securities directly. The applicable prospectus supplement will name any agent involved in the offering and issue of the securities, and will also set forth any commissions that we will pay. Unless the applicable prospectus supplement indicates otherwise, any agent will be acting on a best efforts basis for the period of its appointment. Agents through whom we issue securities may enter into arrangements with other institutions with respect to the distribution of the securities, and those institutions may share in the commissions, discounts or other compensation received by our agents, may be compensated separately and may also receive commissions from the purchasers for whom they may act as agents.

In connection with the issue of securities, underwriters may receive compensation from us or from subscribers of securities for whom they may act as agents. Compensation may be in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions. Underwriters may sell securities to or through dealers, and these dealers may receive compensation in the form of discounts, concessions or commissions from the underwriters. Dealers may also receive commissions from the subscribers for whom they may act as agents. Underwriters, dealers and agents that participate in the distribution of securities may be deemed to be underwriters, and any discounts or commissions received by them from us and any profit on the sale of securities by them may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. The prospectus supplement will identify any underwriter or agent, and describe any compensation that we provide.

If the applicable prospectus supplement so indicates, we will authorize underwriters, dealers or agents to solicit offers to subscribe the securities from institutional investors. In this case, the prospectus supplement will also indicate on what date payment and delivery will be made. There may be a minimum amount which an institutional investor may subscribe, or a minimum portion of the aggregate principal amount of the securities which may be issued by this type of arrangement. Institutional investors may include commercial and savings banks, insurance companies, pension funds, investment companies, educational and charitable institutions and any other institutions we may approve. The subscribers’ obligations under delayed delivery and payment arrangements will not be subject to any conditions; however, the institutional investors’ subscription of particular securities must not at the time of delivery be prohibited under the laws of any relevant jurisdiction in respect, either of the validity of the arrangements, or the performance by us or the institutional investors under the arrangements.

We may enter into agreements with the underwriters, dealers and agents who participate in the distribution of the securities that may fully or partially indemnify them against some civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act. Underwriters, dealers and agents may be customers of, engage in transactions with, or perform services for, or be affiliates of Barclays PLC and the Barclays Bank Group in the ordinary course of business.

Barclays Capital Inc. is a subsidiary of Barclays PLC and may participate in one or more offerings of our securities. Rule 2720 of the Conduct Rules of the National Association of Securities Dealers, Inc. imposes certain requirements when a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”) such as Barclays Capital Inc. distributes an affiliated company’s securities, such as those of Barclays Bank PLC. Barclays Capital Inc. has advised us that each particular offering of securities in which it participates will comply with the applicable requirements of Rule 2720.

Barclays Capital Inc. will not confirm initial issues to accounts over which it exercises discretionary authority without the prior written approval of the customer.

Selling Restrictions

Unless the applicable prospectus supplement specifies otherwise, we will not offer the securities or any investments representing securities, including ADSs or ADRs, of any series to the public in the United Kingdom or any member state of the European Economic Area (“EEA”) which has implemented Directive 2003/71/EC (the “Prospectus Directive”).

Selling Restrictions Addressing United Kingdom Securities Laws

Unless otherwise specified in any agreement between us and the underwriters, dealers and/or agents in relation to the distribution of the securities or any investments representing securities, including ADSs or ADRs, of any series

 

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and subject to the terms specified in the agreement, any underwriter, dealer or agent in connection with an offering of securities or any investments representing securities, including ADSs or ADRs, of any series will confirm and agree that:

 

 

it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets Act (the “FSMA”)) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of any securities or any investments representing securities, including ADSs or ADRs, in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA would not, if we were not an “authorized person” under the FSMA, apply to us; and

 

 

it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the securities, or any investments representing securities, including ADSs and ADRs in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.

Public Offer Selling Restriction Under The Prospectus Directive

Unless otherwise specified in any agreement between us and the underwriters, dealers and/or agents in relation to the distribution of the securities or any investments representing securities, including ADSs or ADRs, of any series and subject to the terms specified in the agreement, in relation to each member state of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive, any underwriter, dealer or agent in connection with an offering of securities or any investments representing securities, including ADSs or ADRs, of any series will confirm and agree that with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that relevant member state (the “relevant implementation date”) it has not made and will not make an offer of any securities or any investments representing securities which are the subject of the offering contemplated by the prospectus as completed by the prospectus supplement in relation thereto to the public in that relevant member state except that it may, with effect from and including the relevant implementation date, make an offer of the securities to the public in that relevant member state:

 

 

if the relevant prospectus supplement in relation to the securities specifies that an offer of those securities may be made other than pursuant to Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive in that relevant member state (a non-exempt offer), following the date of publication of a prospectus in relation to such securities which has been approved by the competent authority in that relevant member state or, where appropriate, approved in another relevant member state and notified to the competent authority in that relevant member state, provided that any such prospectus has subsequently been completed by the prospectus supplement contemplating such non-exempt offer, in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, in the period beginning and ending on the dates specified in such prospectus supplement;

 

 

at any time to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;

 

 

at any time to any legal entity which has two or more of (i) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (ii) a total balance sheet of more than €43,000,000 and (iii) an annual net turnover of more than €50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts;

 

 

at any time to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the relevant underwriters, dealers and/or agents nominated by us for any such offer; or

 

 

at any time in any other circumstances falling within Article 3(2) of the Prospectus Directive,

provided that no such offer of securities referred to in the second to fifth bullet points above shall require us or any underwriter, dealer and/or agent to publish a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive or supplement a prospectus pursuant to Article 16 of the Prospectus Directive.

 

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The expression an “an offer of any securities or any investments representing securities to the public” in relation to such securities or investments in any relevant member state means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the securities or investments to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the securities or investments, as the same may be varied in that member state by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that member state.

Market-Making Resales

This prospectus may be used by Barclays Capital Inc. in connection with offers and sales of the securities in market-making transactions. In a market-making transaction, Barclays Capital Inc. may resell a security it acquires from other holders, after the original offering and sale of the security. Resales of this kind may occur in the open market or may be privately negotiated, at prevailing market prices at the time of resale or at related or negotiated prices. In these transactions, Barclays Capital Inc. may act as principal, or agent, including as agent for the counterparty in a transaction in which Barclays Capital Inc. acts as principal, or as agent for both counterparties in a transaction in which Barclays Capital Inc. does not act as principal. Barclays Capital Inc. may receive compensation in the form of discounts and commissions, including from both counterparties in some cases. Other affiliates of Barclays Bank PLC may also engage in transactions of this kind and may use this prospectus for this purpose.

The indeterminate aggregate initial offering price relates to the initial offering of the securities described in the prospectus supplement. This amount does not include securities sold in market-making transactions. The latter include securities to be issued after the date of this prospectus, as well as securities previously issued.

Barclays Bank PLC may receive, directly or indirectly, all or a portion of the proceeds of any market making transactions by Barclays Capital Inc. and its other affiliates.

Information about the trade and settlement dates, as well as the purchase price, for a market-making transaction will be provided to the purchaser in a separate confirmation of sale.

Unless we or an agent informs you in your confirmation of sale that your security is being purchased in its original offering and sale, you may assume that you are purchasing your security in a market-making transaction.

Matters Relating to Initial Offering and Market-Making Resales

Each series of securities will be a new issue, and there will be no established trading market for any security prior to its original issue date. We may choose not to list a particular series of securities on a securities exchange or quotation system. We have been advised by Barclays Capital Inc. that it intends to make a market in the securities, and any underwriters to whom we sell securities for public offering or broker-dealers may also make a market in those securities. However, neither Barclays Capital Inc. nor any underwriter or broker-dealer that makes a market is obligated to do so, and any of them may stop doing so at any time without notice. We cannot give any assurance as to the liquidity of the trading market for the securities.

Unless otherwise indicated in the applicable prospectus supplement or confirmation of sale, the purchase price of the securities will be required to be paid in immediately available funds in New York City.

In this prospectus or any accompanying prospectus supplement, the terms “this offering” means the initial offering of securities made in connection with their original issuance. This term does not refer to any subsequent resales of securities in market-making transactions.

SERVICE OF PROCESS AND

ENFORCEMENT OF LIABILITIES

We are an English public limited company. Substantially all of our directors and executive officers and a number of the experts named in this document are non-residents of the United States. All or a substantial portion of the assets of those persons are located outside the United States. Most of our assets are located outside of the United States. As a result, it may not be possible for you to effect service of process within the United States upon those persons or to

 

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enforce against them judgments of U.S. courts based upon the civil liability provisions of the federal securities laws of the United States. We have been advised by our English solicitors, Clifford Chance LLP, that there is doubt as to the enforceability in the United Kingdom, in original actions or in actions for enforcement of judgments of U.S. courts, of liabilities based solely upon the federal securities laws of the United States.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We are subject to the information requirements of the Exchange Act. Accordingly, we file jointly with Barclays PLC, reports and other information with the SEC.

The SEC maintains an internet site at http://www.sec.gov that contains reports and other information we file electronically with the SEC. You may also inspect and copy reports and other information that we file with the SEC at the public reference facilities maintained at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549. Copies of such material may be obtained by mail from the Public Reference Section of the SEC at 100 F Street, N.E., Room 1580, Washington, D.C. 20549 at prescribed rates. In addition, you may inspect and copy that material at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005, on which some of our securities are listed.

We will furnish to the debt trustee and warrant trustee referred to under “Description of Debt Securities” and “Description of Warrants” annual reports, which will include a description of operations and annual audited consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with IFRS. We will also furnish to the debt trustee and warrant trustee interim reports that will include unaudited interim summary consolidated financial information prepared in accordance with IFRS. We will furnish to the debt trustee and warrant trustee all notices of meetings at which holders of securities are entitled to vote, and all other reports and communications that are made generally available to those holders.

FURTHER INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form F-3 with respect to the securities offered with this prospectus. This prospectus is a part of that registration statement and it omits some information that is contained in the registration statement. You can access the registration statement together with exhibits on the internet site maintained by the SEC at http://www.sec.gov or inspect these documents at the offices of the SEC in order to obtain that additional information about us and about the securities offered with this prospectus.

VALIDITY OF SECURITIES

If stated in the prospectus supplement applicable to a specific issuance of debt securities or warrants, the validity of such securities under New York law may be passed upon for us by our U.S. counsel, Sullivan & Cromwell LLP. If stated in the prospectus supplement applicable to a specific issuance of debt securities or warrants, the validity of such securities under English law may be passed upon by our English solicitors, Clifford Chance LLP. Sullivan & Cromwell LLP may rely on the opinion of Clifford Chance LLP as to all matters of English law and Clifford Chance LLP may rely on the opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP as to all matters of New York law. If this prospectus is delivered in connection with an underwritten offering, the validity of the debt securities or warrants may be passed upon for the underwriters by United States and English counsel for the underwriters specified in the related prospectus supplement. If no English counsel is specified, such U.S. counsel to the underwriters may also rely on the opinion of Clifford Chance LLP as to certain matters of English law.

EXPERTS

The financial statements and management’s assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting (which is included in Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting) incorporated in this Prospectus by reference to the Annual Report of Barclays PLC and Barclays Bank PLC on Form 20-F for the year ended December 31, 2007 have been so incorporated in reliance on the reports of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, given on the authority of said firm as experts in auditing and accounting.

 

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EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION

The following is a statement of the expenses (all of which are estimated), other than any underwriting discounts and commission and expenses reimbursed by us, to be incurred in connection with a distribution of an assumed amount of $100,000,000 of securities registered under this Registration Statement:

 

Securities and Exchange Commission registration fee

   $ 0 *

* NASD fee

     10,500  

Printing and engraving expenses

     40,000  

Legal fees and expenses

     455,000  

Accountants’ fees and expenses

     175,000  

Trustee fees and expenses

     10,000  

ADR Depositary’s fees and expenses

     15,000  

Miscellaneous

     20,000  
        

Total

   $ 725,500  
        

 

* Deferred in accordance with Rule 456(b) and 457(r) under the Securities Act.

 

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PART II OF FORM F-3

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 8. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

Barclays Bank PLC

Article 157 of the Registrant’s Articles of Association provides:

(a) Subject to the provisions of the statutes, but without prejudice to any indemnity to which he or she may otherwise be entitled, every director, other officer and auditor of the company and every former director, other former officer and former auditor of the company shall be indemnified out of the assets of the company against any liability, loss or expenditure incurred by him or her in the actual or purported execution and/or discharge of his or her duties and/or the exercise or purported exercise of his or her powers and/or otherwise in relation to or in connection with his or her duties, powers or office including (without prejudice to the foregoing) any liability incurred by him or her in defending any proceedings, whether civil or criminal, which relate to anything done or omitted to be done or alleged to have been done or omitted to be done by him or her as a director, officer or auditor of the company and in which judgment is given in his or her favour or in which he or she is acquitted or which are otherwise disposed of without any finding or admission of guilt or breach of duty on his or her part or incurred in connection with any application in which relief is granted to him or her by the court from liability in respect of any such act or omission or from liability to pay any amount in respect of shares acquired by a nominee of the company.

(b) To the extent permitted by the statutes, the board may arrange and maintain insurance cover at the cost of the company in respect of any liability, loss or expenditure incurred by any director, other officer, or auditor of the company in relation to anything done or alleged to have been done or omitted to be done by him or her as a director, officer or auditor.

On June 22, 2005, the Registrant wrote to each of its directors to confirm, for the avoidance of doubt, that each of its directors has the benefit of and is able to rely upon the indemnity in the Articles of Association set out above, the terms of which are expressly incorporated into their terms of employment or appointment, as appropriate. The Registrant has not provided the indemnity in the Articles of Association set out above to the auditors of the Registrant.

The Registrant is subject to the provisions of the Companies Act 2006 (the “2006 Act”). The relevant provisions of the 2006 Act in respect of indemnification of directors and officers are sections 205, 206, 232 to 238 inclusive and 1157.

Section 205 (Exception for expenditure on defending proceedings etc.) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) Approval is not required under section 197, 198, 200 or 201 (requirement of members’ approval for loans etc) for anything done by a company —

(a) to provide a director of the company or of its holding company with funds to meet expenditure incurred or to be incurred by him (i) in defending any criminal or civil proceedings in connection with any alleged negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by him in relation to the company or an associated company, or (ii) in connection with an application for relief (see subsection (5)), or

(b) to enable any such director to avoid incurring such expenditure,

if it is done on the following terms.

 

(2) The terms are —

(a) that the loan is to be repaid, or (as the case may be) any liability of the company incurred under any transaction connected with the thing done is to be discharged, in the event of (i) the director being convicted in the proceedings, (ii) judgment being given against him in the proceedings, or (iii) the court refusing to grant him relief on the application; and

 

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(b) that it is to be so repaid or discharged not later than (i) the date when the conviction becomes final, (ii) the date when the judgment becomes final, or (iii) the date when the refusal of relief becomes final.

 

(3) For this purpose a conviction, judgment or refusal of relief becomes final —

(a) if not appealed against, at the end of the period for bringing an appeal;

(b) if appealed against, when the appeal (or any further appeal) is disposed of.

 

(4) An appeal is disposed of —

(a) if it is determined and the period for bringing any further appeal has ended, or

(b) if it is abandoned or otherwise ceases to have effect.

 

(5) The reference in subsection (1)(a)(ii) to an application for relief is to an application for relief under section 661(3) or (4) (power of court to grant relief in case of acquisition of shares by innocent nominee), or section 1157 (general power of court to grant relief in case of honest and reasonable conduct).

Section 206 (Exception for expenditure in connection with regulatory action or investigation) of the 2006 Act provides:

Approval is not required under section 197, 198, 200 or 201 (requirement of members’ approval for loans etc) for anything done by a company —

(a) to provide a director of the company or of its holding company with funds to meet expenditure incurred or to be incurred by him in defending himself (i) in an investigation by a regulatory authority, or (ii) against action proposed to be taken by a regulatory authority, in connection with any alleged negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust by him in relation to the company or an associated company, or

(b) to enable any such director to avoid incurring such expenditure.

Section 232 (Provisions protecting directors from liability) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) Any provision that purports to exempt a director of a company (to any extent) from any liability that would otherwise attach to him in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust in relation to the company is void.

 

(2) Any provision by which a company directly or indirectly provides an indemnity (to any extent) for a director of the company, or of an associated company, against any liability attaching to him in connection with any negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust in relation to the company of which he is a director is void, except as permitted by —

(a) section 233 (provision of insurance),

(b) section 234 (qualifying third party indemnity provision), or

(c) section 235 (qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision).

 

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(3) This section applies to any provision, whether contained in a company’s articles or in any contract with the company or otherwise.

 

(4) Nothing in this section prevents a company’s articles from making such provision as has previously been lawful for dealing with conflicts of interest.

Section 233 (Provision of insurance) of the 2006 Act provides:

Section 232(2) (voidness of provisions for indemnifying directors) does not prevent a company from purchasing and maintaining for a director of the company, or of an associated company, insurance against any such liability as is mentioned in that subsection.

Section 234 (Qualifying third party indemnity provision) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) Section 232(2) (voidness of provisions for indemnifying directors) does not apply to qualifying third party indemnity provision.

 

(2) Third party indemnity provision means provision for indemnity against liability incurred by the director to a person other than the company or an associated company.

Such provision is qualifying third party indemnity provision if the following requirements are met.

 

(3) The provision must not provide any indemnity against —

(a) any liability of the director to pay (i) a fine imposed in criminal proceedings, or (ii) a sum payable to a regulatory authority by way of a penalty in respect of non-compliance with any requirement of a regulatory nature (however arising); or

(b) any liability incurred by the director (i) in defending criminal proceedings in which he is convicted, or (ii) in defending civil proceedings brought by the company, or an associated company, in which judgment is given against him, or (iii) in connection with an application for relief (see subsection (6)) in which the court refuses to grant him relief.

 

(4) The references in subsection (3)(b) to a conviction, judgment or refusal of relief are to the final decision in the proceedings.

 

(5) For this purpose —

(a) a conviction, judgment or refusal of relief becomes final (i) if not appealed against, at the end of the period for bringing an appeal, or (ii) if appealed against, at the time when the appeal (or any further appeal) is disposed of; and

(b) an appeal is disposed of (i) if it is determined and the period for bringing any further appeal has ended, or (ii) if it is abandoned or otherwise ceases to have effect.

 

(6) The reference in subsection (3)(b)(iii) to an application for relief is to an application for relief under section 661(3) or (4) (power of court to grant relief in case of acquisition of shares by innocent nominee), or section 1157 (general power of court to grant relief in case of honest and reasonable conduct).

Section 235 (Qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) Section 232(2) (voidness of provisions for indemnifying directors) does not apply to qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision.

 

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(2) Pension scheme indemnity provision means provision indemnifying a director of a company that is a trustee of an occupational pension scheme against liability incurred in connection with the company’s activities as trustee of the scheme.

Such provision is qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision if the following requirements are met.

 

(3) The provision must not provide any indemnity against —

(a) any liability of the director to pay (i) a fine imposed in criminal proceedings, or (ii) a sum payable to a regulatory authority by way of a penalty in respect of non-compliance with any requirement of a regulatory nature (however arising); or

(b) any liability incurred by the director in defending criminal proceedings in which he is convicted.

 

(4) The reference in subsection (3)(b) to a conviction is to the final decision in the proceedings.

 

(5) For this purpose —

(a) a conviction becomes final (i) if not appealed against, at the end of the period for bringing an appeal, or (ii) if appealed against, at the time when the appeal (or any further appeal) is disposed of; and

(b) an appeal is disposed of (i) if it is determined and the period for bringing any further appeal has ended, or (ii) if it is abandoned or otherwise ceases to have effect.

 

(6) In this section “occupational pension scheme” means an occupational pension scheme as defined in section 150(5) of the Finance Act 2004 (c. 12) that is established under a trust.

Section 236 (Qualifying indemnity provision to be disclosed in directors report) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) This section requires disclosure in the directors’ report of —

(a) qualifying third party indemnity provision, and

(b) qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision.

Such provision is referred to in this section as “qualifying indemnity provision”.

 

(2) If when a directors’ report is approved any qualifying indemnity provision (whether made by the company or otherwise) is in force for the benefit of one or more directors of the company, the report must state that such provision is in force.

 

(3) If at any time during the financial year to which a directors’ report relates any such provision was in force for the benefit of one or more persons who were then directors of the company, the report must state that such provision was in force.

 

(4) If when a directors’ report is approved qualifying indemnity provision made by the company is in force for the benefit of one or more directors of an associated company, the report must state that such provision is in force.

 

(5) If at any time during the financial year to which a directors’ report relates any such provision was in force for the benefit of one or more persons who were then directors of an associated company, the report must state that such provision was in force.

 

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Section 237 (Copy of qualifying indemnity provision to be available for inspection) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) This section has effect where qualifying indemnity provision is made for a director of a company, and applies —

(a) to the company of which he is a director (whether the provision is made by that company or an associated company), and

(b) where the provision is made by an associated company, to that company.

 

(2) That company or, as the case may be, each of them must keep available for inspection —

(a) a copy of the qualifying indemnity provision, or

(b) if the provision is not in writing, a written memorandum setting out its terms.

 

(3) The copy or memorandum must be kept available for inspection at —

(a) the company’s registered office, or

(b) a place specified in regulations under section 1136.

 

(4) The copy or memorandum must be retained by the company for at least one year from the date of termination or expiry of the provision and must be kept available for inspection during that time.

 

(5) The company must give notice to the registrar —

(a) of the place at which the copy or memorandum is kept available for inspection, and

(b) of any change in that place,

unless it has at all times been kept at the company’s registered office.

 

(6) If default is made in complying with subsection (2), (3) or (4), or default is made for 14 days in complying with subsection (5), an offence is committed by every officer of the company who is in default.

 

(7) A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale and, for continued contravention, a daily default fine not exceeding one-tenth of level 3 on the standard scale.

 

(8) The provisions of this section apply to a variation of a qualifying indemnity provision as they apply to the original provision.

 

(9) In this section “qualifying indemnity provision” means —

(a) qualifying third party indemnity provision, and

(b) qualifying pension scheme indemnity provision.

Section 238 (Right of member to inspect and request copy) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) Every copy or memorandum required to be kept by a company under section 237 must be open to inspection by any member of the company without charge.

 

(2) Any member of the company is entitled, on request and on payment of such fee as may be prescribed, to be provided with a copy of any such copy or memorandum.

 

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The copy must be provided within seven days after the request is received by the company.

 

(3) If an inspection required under subsection (1) is refused, or default is made in complying with subsection (2), an offence is committed by every officer of the company who is in default.

 

(4) A person guilty of an offence under this section is liable on summary conviction to a fine not exceeding level 3 on the standard scale and, for continued contravention, a daily default fine not exceeding one-tenth of level 3 on the standard scale.

 

(5) In the case of any such refusal or default the court may by order compel an immediate inspection or, as the case may be, direct that the copy required be sent to the person requiring it.

Section 1157 (Power of court to grant relief in certain cases) of the 2006 Act provides:

 

(1) If in proceedings for negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust against —

(a) an officer of a company, or

(b) a person employed by a company as auditor (whether he is or is not an officer of the company),

it appears to the court hearing the case that the officer or person is or may be liable but that he acted honestly and reasonably, and that having regard to all the circumstances of the case (including those connected with his appointment) he ought fairly to be excused, the court may relieve him, either wholly or in part, from his liability on such terms as it thinks fit.

 

(2) If any such officer or person has reason to apprehend that a claim will or might be made against him in respect of negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust —

(a) he may apply to the court for relief, and

(b) the court has the same power to relieve him as it would have had if it had been a court before which proceedings against him for negligence, default, breach of duty or breach of trust had been brought.

 

(3) Where a case to which subsection (1) applies is being tried by a judge with a jury, the judge, after hearing the evidence, may, if he is satisfied that the defendant (in Scotland, the defender) ought in pursuance of that subsection to be relieved either in whole or in part from the liability sought to be enforced against him, withdraw the case from the jury and forthwith direct judgment to be entered for the defendant (in Scotland, grant decree of absolvitor) on such terms as to costs (in Scotland, expenses) or otherwise as the judge may think proper.

 

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Item 9. Exhibits

 

Number

      

Description

  1.1   —      Form of Underwriting Agreement (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
  1.2   —      Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement between the Bank and Barclays Capital Inc., dated February 10, 2009.
  1.3   —      Accession Agreement to Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement between the Bank and Barclays Capital Inc., dated April 25, 2008, between the Bank and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Form 6-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 27, 2008).
  4.1   —      Dated Subordinated Debt Indenture, dated as of June 30, 1998, between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-12384) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2000).
  4.2   —      Form of Undated Subordinated Debt Indenture between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-8054) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 5, 1997).
  4.3   —      Senior Debt Indenture dated September 16, 2004 between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-126811) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 22, 2005).
  4.4   —      Form of Warrant Indenture between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee.
  4.5   —      Form of Warrant Agreement.
  4.6   —      Form of Deposit Agreement dated April 25, 2006 among the Bank, The Bank of New York Mellon, as ADR depositary, and all holders from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
  4.7   —      Form of share certificate representing Preference Shares of any series in registered form (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 33-51020) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 19, 1992).
     The Bank will, upon request of the Securities and Exchange Commission, furnish copies of trust deeds and instruments relating to other long-term debt instruments of the Barclays Bank Group.
  4.8   —      Memorandum and Articles of Association of Barclays Bank PLC, as amended on June 1, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Form 8-A12B filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 1, 2008).
  5.1   —      Opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, U.S. counsel for the Registrant, as to the validity of the debt securities, warrants and ADSs.
  5.2   —      Opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, English solicitors to the Registrant, as to the validity of the debt securities, warrants and Preference Shares.
  8.1   —      Opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, U.S. counsel for the Registrant, as to certain matters of U.S. taxation.

 

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Number

      

Description

  8.2   —      Opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, English solicitors to the Registrant, as to certain matters of United Kingdom taxation (included in Exhibit 5.2 above).
12.1   —      Calculation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibits 7.1 and 7.2 to Annual Report on Form 20-F for the final year ended December 31, 2007 filed by the Bank with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2008).
23.1   —      Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.2   —      Consent of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP (included in Exhibits 5.1 and 8.1 above).
23.3   —      Consent of Clifford Chance LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2 above).
24.1   —      Powers of Attorney of certain Directors and Officers of Barclays Bank PLC (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
25.1   —      Statement of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1 with respect to Exhibits 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 above (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
25.2   —      Statement of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1 with respect to Exhibit 4.4 above.

 

Item 10. Undertakings

The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes:

(1) To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement:

(i) To include any prospectus required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

(ii) To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than 20 percent change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

(iii) To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement;

provided, however , that paragraphs (i), (ii) and (iii) do not apply if the information required to be included in a post-effective amendment by those paragraphs is contained in reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement, or is contained in a form of prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) that is part of the registration statement.

 

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(2) That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(3) To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering.

(4) To file a post effective amendment to the registration statement to include any financial statements required by Item 8.A. of Form 20-F at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering. Financial statements and information otherwise required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act need not be furnished, provided that the registrant includes in the prospectus, by means of a post-effective amendment, financial statements required pursuant to this paragraph (4) and other information necessary to ensure that all other information in the prospectus is at least as current as the date of those financial statements. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a post-effective amendment need not be filed to include financial statements and information required by Section 10(a)(3) of the Act if such financial statements and information are contained in periodic reports filed with or furnished to the SEC by the registrant pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act that are incorporated by reference in the registration statement.

(5) That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser:

(i) Each prospectus filed by a registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(3) shall be deemed to be part of the registration statement as of the date the filed prospectus was deemed part of and included in the registration statement; and

(ii) Each prospectus required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2), (b)(5) or (b)(7) as part of a registration statement in reliance on Rule 430B relating to an offering made pursuant to Rule 415(a)(1)(i), (vii) or (x) for the purpose of providing the information required by Section 10(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the earlier of the date such form of prospectus is first used after effectiveness or the date of the first contract of sale of securities in the offering described in the prospectus. As provided in Rule 430B, for liability purposes of the issuer and any person that is at that date an underwriter, such date shall be deemed to be a new effective date of the registration statement relating to the securities in the registration statement to which the prospectus relates, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such effective date, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such effective date.

(6) That, for the purpose of determining liability of a registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, each undersigned registrant undertakes that in a primary offering of securities of an undersigned registrant pursuant to this registration statement, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the undersigned registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

(i) Any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of an undersigned registrant relating to the offering required to be filed pursuant to Rule 424;

(ii) Any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of an undersigned registrant or used or referred to by an undersigned registrant;

 

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(iii) The portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about an undersigned registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of an undersigned registrant; and

(iv) Any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by an undersigned registrant to the purchaser.

(7) That, for purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each filing of the registrant’s annual report pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act (and, where applicable, each filing of an employee benefit plan’s annual report pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act) that is incorporated by reference in the registration statement shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

(8) To file an application for the purpose of determining the eligibility of the trustee to act under subsection (a) of Section 310 of the Trust Indenture Act in accordance with the rules and regulations prescribed by the SEC under Section 305(b)(2) of the Trust Indenture Act.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of each registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, each registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by a registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of a registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, that registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act, the Registrant, Barclays Bank PLC, certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form F-3 and has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in London, England on February 10, 2009.

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC
By:  

/s/ Christopher Lucas

Name:   Christopher Lucas
Title:   Group Finance Director

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, this Registration Statement has been signed below by the following persons in the capacities indicated, on February 10, 2009.

 

Signature

     

Title

*

   
Marcus Agius     Chairman

*

   
John Varley     Group Chief Executive (Principal Executive Officer) and Director

/s/ Christopher Lucas

   
Christopher Lucas     Group Finance Director (Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer) and Director

*

   
Robert E. Diamond Jr.     Director

*

   
Frederik Seegers     Director

*

   
David Booth     Director

*

   
Sir Richard Broadbent     Director

 

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Signature

     

Title

*

   
Richard Leigh Clifford, AO     Director

*

   
Fulvio Conti     Director

*

   
Professor Dame Sandra Dawson     Director

*

   
Sir Andrew Likierman     Director

 

   
Sir Michael Rake     Director

*

   
Sir Nigel Rudd     Director

*

   
Stephen Russell     Director

*

   
Sir John Sunderland     Director

 

   
Patience Wheatcroft     Director

*

   
James Walker     Authorized Representative in the United States

 

*By:  

/s/ Christopher Lucas

Name:   Christopher Lucas
Title:   Attorney-in-Fact

 

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INDEX TO EXHIBITS

 

Number

      

Description

  1.1   —      Form of Underwriting Agreement (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
  1.2   —      Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement between the Bank and Barclays Capital Inc., dated February 10, 2009.
  1.3   —      Accession Agreement to Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement between the Bank and Barclays Capital Inc., dated April 25, 2008, between the Bank and Merrill Lynch, Pierce, Fenner & Smith Incorporated (incorporated by reference to Form 6-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 27, 2008).
  4.1   —      Dated Subordinated Debt Indenture, dated as of June 30, 1998, between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-12384) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 11, 2000).
  4.2   —      Form of Undated Subordinated Debt Indenture between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-8054) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on December 5, 1997).
  4.3   —      Senior Debt Indenture dated September 16, 2004 between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-126811) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on July 22, 2005).
  4.4   —      Form of Warrant Indenture between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee.
  4.5   —      Form of Warrant Agreement.
  4.6   —      Form of Deposit Agreement dated April 25, 2006 among the Bank, The Bank of New York Mellon, as ADR depositary, and all holders from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
  4.7   —      Form of share certificate representing Preference Shares of any series in registered form (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 33-51020) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 19, 1992).
     The Bank will, upon request of the Securities and Exchange Commission, furnish copies of trust deeds and instruments relating to other long-term debt instruments of the Barclays Bank Group.
  4.8   —      Memorandum and Articles of Association of Barclays Bank PLC, as amended on June 1, 2005 (incorporated by reference to Form 8-A12B filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 1, 2008).
  5.1   —      Opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, U.S. counsel for the Registrant, as to the validity of the debt securities, warrants and ADSs.
  5.2   —      Opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, English solicitors to the Registrant, as to the validity of the debt securities, warrants and Preference Shares.
  8.1   —      Opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, U.S. counsel for the Registrant, as to certain matters of U.S. taxation.

 

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Number

      

Description

  8.2   —      Opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, English solicitors to the Registrant, as to certain matters of United Kingdom taxation (included in Exhibit 5.2 above).
12.1   —      Calculation of ratio of earnings to fixed charges (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibits 7.1 and 7.2 to Annual Report on Form 20-F for the final year ended December 31, 2007 filed by the Bank with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 26, 2008).
23.1   —      Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP.
23.2   —      Consent of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP (included in Exhibits 5.1 and 8.1 above).
23.3   —      Consent of Clifford Chance LLP (included in Exhibit 5.2 above).
24.1   —      Powers of Attorney of certain Directors and Officers of Barclays Bank PLC (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
25.1   —      Statement of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1 with respect to Exhibits 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 above (incorporated by reference to Form F-3 (File No. 333-145845) filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 31, 2007).
25.2   —      Statement of Eligibility of Trustee on Form T-1 with respect to Exhibit 4.4 above.

 

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Exhibit 1.2

Barclays Bank PLC

Medium-Term Notes, Series A

Warrants

Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement

February 10, 2009

Barclays Capital Inc.

200 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10166

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Barclays Bank PLC, a public limited company organized under the laws of England and Wales (the “Bank”), proposes to issue from time to time certain Medium-Term Notes, Series A (“Notes”) and certain warrants (“Warrants” and together with the Notes, the “Securities”) (in an amount, with respect to the Notes, having an aggregate initial offering price of up to $21,000,000,000) and agrees with you (the “Agent”) as set forth in this Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement (the “Agreement”), which amends and restates in its entirety the Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement, dated September 4, 2007, between the Bank and Barclays Capital Inc. Each of the terms “the Agents”, “such Agent”, “any Agent”, “an Agent”, “each Agent”, “the Purchasing Agent” and “the Selling Agent”, when used in this Agreement or in any Terms Agreement (as defined below) or in the Annexes hereto, shall mean Barclays Capital Inc., except at any time when more Agents are acting as such hereunder, as contemplated in Section 10 hereof.

The Bank acknowledges and agrees that Barclays Capital Inc. may use the Prospectus (as defined below) in connection with offers and sales of the Securities as contemplated in the Prospectus under the caption “Plan of Distribution—Market-Making Resales” (“Secondary Market Transactions”). The Bank further acknowledges and agrees that Barclays Capital Inc. is under no obligation to effect any Secondary Market Transactions and, if it does so, it may discontinue effecting such transactions at any time without providing any notice to the Bank. The term “Agent”, whenever used in this Agreement, shall include Barclays Capital Inc., whether acting in its capacity as an Agent or acting in connection with a Secondary Market Transaction, except as may be specifically provided otherwise herein.

Subject to the terms and conditions stated herein and to the reservation by the Bank of the right to issue Securities directly on its own behalf, the Bank hereby (i) appoints each Agent as an agent of the Bank for the purpose of soliciting and receiving offers to subscribe for Securities from the Bank pursuant to Section 2(a) hereof and (ii) agrees that, except as otherwise contemplated herein, whenever it determines to issue Securities directly to any Agent as principal, it will enter into a separate agreement (each such agreement, a “Terms Agreement”), substantially in the form of Annex I hereto or in such other form as may be agreed by the parties to that particular agreement, relating to such issue in accordance with Section 2(b) hereof. This Agreement shall not be construed to create either an obligation on the part of the Bank to issue any Securities or an obligation of any of the Agents to subscribe for Securities as principal.

The Notes will be issued under the Senior Debt Indenture, dated as of September 16, 2004 (as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Senior Indenture”), between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (including any successor trustee thereunder, the “Trustee”). The Warrants will be issued


under the Warrant Indenture (as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, the “Warrant Indenture”) to be entered into between the Bank and the Trustee, or under one or more separate warrant agreements (each, a “Warrant Agreement”) between the Bank and one or more institutions, as warrant agent, each identified in such Warrant Agreement (each, a “Warrant Agent”). The Notes shall have the maturity ranges, interest rates, if any, redemption provisions and other terms set forth in the Prospectus referred to below as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time. The Warrants shall have the exercise prices, exercise dates, expiration dates, redemption provisions and other terms set forth in the Prospectus referred to below as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time. The Securities will be issued, and the terms and rights thereof established, from time to time by the Bank in accordance with the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture and the Warrant Agreements, as applicable.

1. The Bank represents and warrants to, and agrees with, each Agent that:

(a) An “automatic shelf registration statement” as defined under Rule 405 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Act”), on Form F-3 in respect of the Securities has been filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) not earlier than three years prior to the date hereof; such registration statement, and any post-effective amendment thereto, became effective on filing; no stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statement or any part thereof has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been initiated or threatened by the Commission, and no notice of objection of the Commission to the use of such registration statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the Act has been received by the Bank; the base prospectus filed as part of such registration statement, in the form in which it has most recently been filed with the Commission on or prior to the date of this Agreement, is hereinafter called the “Base Prospectus”; any preliminary prospectus (including any preliminary prospectus supplement) relating to the Securities filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act is hereinafter called a “Preliminary Prospectus”; the various parts of such registration statement, including all exhibits thereto but excluding Form T-1 and including any prospectus supplement relating to the Securities that is filed with the Commission and deemed by virtue of Rule 430B under the Act to be part of such registration statement, each as amended at the time such part of such registration statement became effective, are hereinafter collectively called the “Registration Statement”; the Base Prospectus (including, if applicable, any prospectus supplement) relating to the Securities is hereinafter called the “Prospectus”; any reference herein to the Base Prospectus, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include the documents incorporated by reference therein pursuant to Item 6 of Form F-3 under the Act, as of the date of such prospectus; any supplement to the Prospectus that sets forth only the terms of a particular issue of the Securities and is filed in accordance with Section 4(a) hereof is hereinafter called a “Pricing Supplement”; any reference to any amendment or supplement to the Base Prospectus, any Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to and include any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, any prospectus supplement relating to the Securities filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act and any documents filed under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and incorporated therein, in each case, after the date of the Base Prospectus, such Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus, as the case may be; any reference herein to the “Prospectus as amended or supplemented”, other than in Section 1(c)(i) hereof, shall be deemed to refer to and include the Prospectus as amended or supplemented (including by the applicable Pricing Supplement and any other prospectus supplement specifically referred to in such Pricing Supplement) in relation to the Securities to be issued pursuant to this Agreement, in the form filed or transmitted for filing with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act and in accordance with Section 4(a) hereof, including any documents incorporated by reference therein as of the date of such filing;

(b) No order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus, Prospectus or any “issuer free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 433 under the Act relating to the Securities (an “Issuer Free Writing Prospectus”) has been issued by the Commission, and each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and, in the case of an offering of Notes or Warrants issued under the Warrant Indenture, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended (the “Trust Indenture Act”), and all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and did not contain an untrue

 

2


statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided , however , that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Bank by an Agent expressly for use therein;

(c) (i) With respect to any issue of Securities to be issued pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the “Applicable Time” will be such time on the date of such Terms Agreement as is specified therein as the Applicable Time, and the “Pricing Disclosure Package” will be the Prospectus as amended or supplemented at the Applicable Time together with (A) the information referenced in Schedule II(b) to such Terms Agreement and (B) such other documents, if any, as may be listed in Schedule II(a) to such Terms Agreement, taken together; (ii) with respect to each such issue of Securities, the Pricing Disclosure Package, as of the Applicable Time, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; and (iii) with respect to each such issue of Securities, each Issuer Free Writing Prospectus listed in Schedule II(a) to the applicable Terms Agreement, if any, will not conflict with the information contained in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and, taken together with the Pricing Disclosure Package as of the Applicable Time, will not include any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they are made, not misleading; provided, however , that the representations and warranties in clauses (ii) and (iii) of this Section 1(c) shall not apply to statements or omissions made in any Pricing Disclosure Package or Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Bank by any Agent expressly for use therein;

(d) The Registration Statement and the Prospectus conform, and any further amendments or supplements to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus will conform, in all material respects to the requirements of the Act and the Trust Indenture Act, as applicable, and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder and do not and will not, as of the applicable filing date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading ; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Bank by such Agent expressly for use in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented or any Preliminary Prospectus relating to such Securities;

(e) Since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, there has not been, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, (i) any material change in the share capital, undated loan capital or dated loan capital of the Bank other than such changes as have been disclosed to such Agent or (ii) any material adverse change in or affecting the business, financial condition, shareholders’ equity or results of operations of the Bank and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis;

(f) The Bank has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation under the laws of England with corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, and has in full force and effect all permits, certificates, franchises, licenses, authorizations and similar approvals necessary in connection with the operation of its business with such exceptions as do not and will not materially adversely affect the business, financial condition, shareholders’ equity or results of operations of the Bank;

(g) The form of each Security has been duly and validly authorized and, when the Securities are issued and delivered against payment therefor pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement relating to such Securities, will have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered and will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Bank entitled to the benefits provided by, in the case of Notes, the Senior Indenture, and in the case of Warrants, the Warrant Indenture or the relevant Warrant Agreement, as applicable, each of which will

 

3


be substantially in the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement; the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement has been duly authorized by the Bank and, in the case of the Senior Indenture and Warrant Indenture, is duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act, has been duly executed and delivered by the Bank and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the Trustee or Warrant Agent, as applicable, constitutes a valid and legally binding instrument of the Bank enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general equity principles; the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement conforms, and the Securities will conform, to the descriptions thereof set forth in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented relating to such Securities;

(h) There are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Bank or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Bank or any of its subsidiaries is the subject, other than as set forth in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and other than litigation or proceedings which in each case will not have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition, shareholders’ equity or results of operations of the Bank and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis; and, to the best of the Bank’s knowledge, no such litigation or proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others;

(i) PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, who have certified certain financial statements of the Bank and its subsidiaries incorporated by reference in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, are independent public accountants as required by the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder;

(j) The offer and issue of the Securities in the United States and the application of the proceeds thereof will not subject the Bank to registration under, or result in a violation of, the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended (the “Investment Company Act”);

(k) (i) (A) At the time of filing the Registration Statement, (B) at the time of the most recent amendment thereto for the purposes of complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the Act (whether such amendment was by post-effective amendment, incorporated report filed pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or form of prospectus) and (C) at the time the Bank or any person acting on its behalf (within the meaning, for this clause only, of Rule 163(c) under the Act) made any offer relating to the Securities in reliance on the exemption of Rule 163 under the Act, the Bank was a “well-known seasoned issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the Act; and (ii) at the earliest time after the filing of the Registration Statement that the Bank or another offering participant made a bona fide offer (within the meaning of Rule 164(h)(2) under the Act) of the Securities, the Bank was not an “ineligible issuer” as defined in Rule 405 under the Act;

(l) Other than as described or set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, no stamp or other similar issuance taxes or duties are payable in the United Kingdom by or on behalf of any Agent in connection with the issue of the Securities to any Agent by the Bank or the consummation of the other transactions contemplated hereunder;

(m) Other than as described or set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, under current law applicable in the United Kingdom, all payments by the Bank in respect of the Securities may be made without withholding or deduction for or on account of any taxes, duties assessments or charges of whatever nature imposed or levied by or on behalf of the United Kingdom or any political subdivision thereof or any authority therein or thereof having power to tax; and

(n) This Agreement and any Terms Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Bank and the performance of this Agreement, any Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture and any Warrant Agreement by the Bank of its obligations hereunder and thereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and will not conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default under, or result in the creation of imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Bank

 

4


pursuant to any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other instrument to which the Bank is a party or by which it may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Bank is subject, nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the Articles of Association of the Bank or any law, administrative regulation or administrative or court order or decree applicable to the Bank; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or governmental agency or body is required for the solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities, the issue and sale of the Securities or the consummation by the Bank of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture or any Warrant Agreement, except such as have been, or will have been prior to the Commencement Date (as defined in Section 3 hereof), obtained under the Act or the Trust Indenture Act, as applicable, and such consents, approvals, authorizations, registrations or qualifications as may be required under state securities or Blue Sky laws in connection with the solicitation by such Agent of offers to subscribe for Securities from the Bank and with subscription of Securities by such Agent as principal, as the case may be, in each case in the manner contemplated hereby.

2. (a) On the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained, and subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, each of the Agents hereby severally and not jointly agrees, as agent of the Bank, to use its reasonable efforts to solicit and receive offers to subscribe for the Securities to be issued by the Bank upon the terms and conditions set forth in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented from time to time.

The Bank reserves the right, in its sole discretion, to suspend solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities from the Bank commencing at any time for any period of time or permanently. The Bank shall be entitled to suspend such solicitation as to any Agent or all of the Agents, as determined by the Bank. Upon receipt of instructions from the Bank, the relevant Agent or Agents shall suspend solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities until such time as the Bank has advised such Agent or Agents that such solicitation may be resumed.

Unless otherwise agreed pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Bank agrees to pay each Agent a commission, at the time of settlement of any issue of a Security by the Bank as a result of a solicitation made by such Agent, in an amount to be determined by mutual agreement between the Bank and such Agent, which shall not exceed the limits prescribed by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”).

(b) Each issue of Securities by the Bank to any Agent as principal shall be made in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and (unless the Bank and such Agent shall otherwise agree) a Terms Agreement which will provide for the issue of such Securities by the Bank to, and the subscription thereof by, such Agent; a Terms Agreement may also specify certain provisions relating to the reoffering of such Securities by such Agent; the commitment of any Agent to subscribe for Securities as principal, whether pursuant to any Terms Agreement or otherwise, shall be deemed to have been made on the basis of the representations and warranties of the Bank herein contained and shall be subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth; each Terms Agreement shall specify the principal amount of the Notes or number of the Warrants, as applicable, to be subscribed for by any Agent pursuant thereto, the subscription price to be paid to the Bank for such Securities, any provisions relating to rights of, and default by, Agents acting together with such Agent in the reoffering of the Securities and the time and date and place of delivery of and payment for such Securities; such Terms Agreement shall also specify any requirements for opinions of counsel, accountants’ letters and officers’ certificates pursuant to Section 4 hereof and such Terms Agreement may also include such other provisions (including provisions that modify this Agreement insofar as it sets forth the agreement between the Bank and such Agent) as the Bank and such Agent may agree upon. Unless otherwise agreed between the Bank and the relevant Agents, each Agent proposes to offer Securities subscribed for by it as principal from the Bank for sale at prevailing market prices or prices related thereto at the time of sale, which may be equal to, greater than or less than the price at which such Securities are subscribed for by such Agent from the Bank. Unless otherwise agreed between the Bank and the relevant Agents, where more than one Agent has agreed with the Bank to subscribe for a particular issue of Securities pursuant to this subsection, the obligations of such Agents so to subscribe for such Securities shall be several and not joint.

 

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For each such issue of Securities by the Bank to an Agent as principal that is not made pursuant to a Terms Agreement, the Bank agrees to pay such Agent a commission (or grant an equivalent discount) as provided in Section 2(a) hereof and in accordance with the schedule set forth therein.

Each time and date of delivery of and payment for Securities to be subscribed for by an Agent as principal, including any such time and date as set forth in a Terms Agreement, is referred to herein as a “Time of Delivery”.

(c) Each Agent agrees, with respect to any Security denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars, and whether acting as agent, as principal under any Terms Agreement or otherwise (including in any Secondary Market Transaction), not to solicit offers to subscribe for or otherwise offer, issue or deliver such Security, directly or indirectly, in, or to residents of, the country issuing such currency, except as permitted by applicable law.

(d) Nothing in this Agreement shall be read or deemed to preclude the Bank and one or more of the Agents from modifying or supplementing this Agreement insofar as it applies to transactions between them without such modifications or supplemental provisions being made of general applicability to transactions between the Bank and all of the Agents.

3. The Commencement Date (as defined below) shall mean the date and time of execution of this Agreement. The Commencement Date may be postponed beyond the date and time of execution of this Agreement by agreement between the Agents and the Bank but in no event shall be later than the day prior to the date on which solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities is commenced or on which any Terms Agreement is executed (such time and date being referred to herein as the “Commencement Date”).

4. The Bank covenants and agrees with each Agent:

(a) (i) to prepare, with respect to any Securities to be issued by the Bank through or to such Agent pursuant to this Agreement, a Pricing Supplement with respect to such Securities in a form previously approved by such Agent and to file such Pricing Supplement pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act not later than the close of business of the Commission on the fifth business day after the date on which such Pricing Supplement is first used or, if required under Rule 424(b) under the Act, no later than the close of business of the Commission on the second business day after the date on which such Pricing Supplement is first used;

(ii) with respect to any issue of Securities to be issued pursuant to a Terms Agreement, but only if requested by the Agents party to such Terms Agreement prior to the Time of Sale, to prepare a final term sheet relating to such Securities in the form set forth in Schedule III to such Terms Agreement and to file such final term sheet pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act within the time required by such rule;

(iii) to file promptly all material required to be filed by the Bank with the Commission pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act;

(iv) to file promptly all reports required to be filed by the Bank with the Commission pursuant to Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act subsequent to the date of the Prospectus and for so long as the delivery of a prospectus (or, in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) of the Act) is required in connection with the offering or sale of the Securities (including in any Secondary Market Transactions during the period beginning on the Commencement Date and continuing for so long as may be required under applicable law, in the reasonable judgment of such Agent after consultation with the Bank, in order to offer and sell any Securities in Secondary Market Transactions as contemplated by the Prospectus (the “Secondary Transactions Period”)), and during such same period to advise such Agent, promptly after the Bank receives notice thereof, of the time when any amendment to the Registration Statement has been filed or has become effective or any supplement to the Prospectus or any amended Prospectus (other than any Pricing Supplement that relates to Securities not subscribed for through or by such Agent) has been filed with the Commission, of the issuance by the Commission of any stop

 

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order or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any prospectus in respect of the Securities, of any notice of objection of the Commission to the use of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the Act relating to the Securities, of the suspension of the qualification of the Securities for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, of the initiation or threatening of any proceeding for any such purpose, or of any request by the Commission for the amendment or supplement of the Registration Statement or Prospectus or for additional information;

(v) in the event of the issuance of any such stop order or of any such order preventing or suspending the use of any such prospectus, of any such notice of objection or of any such suspension of any such qualification, to use promptly its reasonable best efforts to obtain its withdrawal;

(b) If required by Rule 430B(h) under the Act, to prepare a form of prospectus in a form approved by Barclays Capital Inc. and to file such form of prospectus pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act not later than may be required by Rule 424(b) under the Act; and to make no further amendment or supplement to such form of prospectus which shall be disapproved by Barclays Capital Inc. promptly after reasonable notice thereof;

(c) If by the third anniversary (the “Renewal Deadline”) of the initial effective date of the Registration Statement, any of the Securities remain unsold by the Agents, the Bank will file, if it has not already done so and is eligible to do so, a new automatic shelf registration statement relating to the Securities, in a form satisfactory to Barclays Capital Inc. If at the Renewal Deadline the Bank is no longer eligible to file an automatic shelf registration statement, the Bank will, if it has not already done so, file a new shelf registration statement relating to the Securities, in a form satisfactory to Barclays Capital Inc. and will use its best efforts to cause such registration statement to be declared effective within 180 days after the Renewal Deadline. The Bank will take all other action necessary or appropriate to permit the public offering and sale of the Securities to continue as contemplated in the expired registration statement relating to the Securities. References herein to the Registration Statement shall include such new automatic shelf registration statement or such new shelf registration statement, as the case may be;

(d) Promptly from time to time to take such action as such Agent may reasonably request to qualify the Securities for offering, issue and sale under the securities laws of such jurisdictions as such Agent may request and to comply with such laws so as to permit the continuance of sales and dealings therein for as long as may be necessary to complete the distribution or sale of the Securities (including in any Secondary Market Transactions during the Secondary Transactions Period); provided, however , that in connection therewith the Bank shall not be required to qualify as a foreign corporation or to file a general consent to service of process in any such jurisdiction;

(e) (i) To furnish such Agent with copies of the Registration Statement and each amendment thereto and with copies of the Prospectus as each time amended or supplemented, other than any Pricing Supplement, in the form in which it is filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424 under the Act, and with copies of the documents incorporated by reference therein, all in such quantities as such Agent may reasonably request from time to time;

(ii) if the delivery of a prospectus (or, in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is required at any time prior to the expiration of nine months after the time of issue of the applicable Pricing Supplement in connection with the offering, issue or sale of the Securities (including Securities subscribed for by such Agent as principal and including in any Secondary Market Transactions during the Secondary Transactions Period, whether before or after such expiration) and if at such time any event shall have occurred as a result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus (or, in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) is delivered, not misleading, or, if for any other reason it shall be necessary during such same period to amend or supplement the Prospectus or to file under the Exchange Act any document incorporated by

 

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reference in the Prospectus in order to comply with the Act, the Exchange Act or the Trust Indenture Act, as applicable, to notify such Agent and request such Agent, in its capacity as agent of the Bank, to suspend solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities (and, if so notified, such Agent shall cease such solicitations as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than one business day later); and if the Bank shall decide to amend or supplement the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented, to so advise such Agent promptly by telephone (with confirmation in writing) and to prepare and cause to be filed promptly with the Commission an amendment or supplement to the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented that will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance;

(iii) notwithstanding paragraph (ii) above, if during the period specified in such paragraph such Agent continues to own Securities subscribed for by such Agent as principal or such Agent is otherwise required to deliver a prospectus (or, in lieu thereof, the notice referred to in Rule 173(a) under the Act) in respect of transactions in the Securities (including in any Secondary Market Transactions during the Secondary Transactions Period), the Bank shall promptly prepare and file with the Commission such an amendment or supplement and furnish without charge to such Agent as many copies as it may from time to time during such period reasonably request of such amendment or supplement; provided, however , that the Bank may elect, upon notice to such Agent not to comply with this paragraph (iii) with respect to any Secondary Market Transaction, but only for a period or periods that the Bank reasonably determines are necessary in order to avoid premature disclosure of material, non-public information, unless, notwithstanding such election, such disclosure would otherwise be required under this Agreement. Upon receipt of any such notice, each Agent shall cease using the Prospectus or any amendment or supplement thereto in connection with Secondary Market Transactions until it receives notice from the Bank that it may resume using such document (or such document as it may be amended or supplemented);

(f) To make generally available to its securityholders as soon as practicable, but in any event not later than 18 months after the effective date of the Registration Statement (as defined in Rule 158(c) under the Act), an earnings statement of the Bank and its subsidiaries (which need not be audited) complying with Section 11(a) of the Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder (including, at the option of the Bank, Rule 158 under the Act);

(g) To pay the required Commission filing fees relating to the Securities within the time required by Rule 456(b)(1) under the Act without regard to the proviso therein and otherwise in accordance with Rules 456(b) and 457(r) under the Act;

(h) So long as such Agent is continuing to solicit and receive offers to subscribe for Securities in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, to furnish to such Agent upon request copies of all reports or other communications (financial or other) furnished to stockholders generally and to deliver to such Agent copies of any reports and financial statements furnished to or filed with the Commission or any national securities exchange on which any class of securities of the Bank is listed;

(i) That, from the date of any Terms Agreement with such Agent or other agreement by such Agent to subscribe for Securities as principal and continuing to and including the later of (i) the termination of the “restricted period”, as such term is defined under Regulation M, relating to the Securities subscribed thereunder, as notified to the Bank by such Agent, and (ii) the related Time of Delivery, the Bank will not, without the prior written consent of such Agent, offer, issue, contract to issue or otherwise dispose of any debt securities or warrants, as the case may be, of the Bank which are substantially similar to such Securities;

(j) That each acceptance by the Bank of an offer to subscribe for Securities hereunder (including any subscription by such Agent as principal not pursuant to a Terms Agreement), and each execution and delivery by the Bank of a Terms Agreement with such Agent, shall be deemed to be an affirmation to such Agent that the representations and warranties of the Bank contained in or made pursuant to this Agreement are true and correct as of the date of such acceptance or of such Terms Agreement, as the case may be, as though made at and as of such

 

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date, and an undertaking that such representations and warranties will be true and correct as of the settlement date for the Securities relating to such acceptance or as of the Time of Delivery relating to such issue, as the case may be, as though made at and as of such date (except that such representations and warranties shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented relating to such Securities);

(k) That each time the Bank issues Securities to such Agent as principal pursuant to a Terms Agreement and such Terms Agreement specifies the delivery of an opinion under this Section 4(k) as a condition to the subscription for Securities pursuant to such Terms Agreement, the Bank shall furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith to such Agent a written opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, the Bank’s UK counsel, or other counsel for the Bank satisfactory to such Agent, dated as of the Time of Delivery relating to such issue, in form satisfactory to such Agent, to the effect that such Agent may rely on the opinion of such counsel referred to in Section 6(b) hereof which was last furnished to such Agent to the same extent as though it were dated the date of such letter authorizing reliance (except that the statements in such last opinion shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date) or, in lieu of such opinion, an opinion of the same tenor as the opinion of such counsel referred to in Section 6(b) hereof but modified to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date;

(l) That each time the Bank issues Securities to such Agent as principal pursuant to a Terms Agreement and such Terms Agreement specifies the delivery of an opinion under this Section 4(l) as a condition to the subscription of Securities pursuant to such Terms Agreement, the Bank shall furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith to such Agent a written opinion of Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, the Bank’s United States counsel, dated as of the Time of Delivery relating to such issue, in form satisfactory to such Agent, to the effect that such Agent may rely on the opinion of such counsel referred to in Section 6(c) hereof which was last furnished to such Agent to the same extent as though it were dated the date of such letter authorizing reliance (except that the statements in such last opinion shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date) or, in lieu of such opinion, an opinion of the same tenor as the opinion of such counsel referred to in Section 6(c) hereof but modified to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date;

(m) That each time the Bank issues Securities to such Agent as principal pursuant to a Terms Agreement and such Terms Agreement specifies the delivery of a letter under this Section 4(m) as a condition to the subscription of Securities pursuant to such Terms Agreement, the Bank shall cause the independent certified public accountants who have certified the financial statements of the Bank and its subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement forthwith to furnish such Agent a letter, dated the date of such amendment or supplement or the Time of Delivery relating to such issue, as the case may be, in form satisfactory to such Agent, of the same tenor as the letter referred to in Section 6(f) hereof but modified to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended or supplemented to the date of such letter, with such changes as may be necessary to reflect changes in the financial statements and other information derived from the accounting records of the Bank, to the extent such financial statements and other information are available as of a date not more than five business days prior to the date of such letter; provided, however , that, with respect to any financial information or other matter, such letter may reconfirm as true and correct at such date as though made at and as of such date, rather than repeat, statements with respect to such financial information or other matter made in the letter referred to in Section 6(f) hereof which was last furnished to such Agent;

(n) That each time the Bank issues Securities to such Agent as principal and the applicable Terms Agreement specifies the delivery of a certificate under this Section 4(n) as a condition to the subscription of Securities pursuant to such Terms Agreement, the Bank shall furnish or cause to be furnished forthwith to such Agent a certificate, dated the date of such supplement or amendment or the Time of Delivery relating to such issue, as the case may be, in such form and executed by such officers of the Bank as shall be satisfactory to such Agent, to the effect that the statements contained in the certificates referred to in Section 6(k) hereof which was last furnished to such Agent are true and correct at such date as though made at and as of such date (except that such statements

 

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shall be deemed to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date), or, in lieu of such certificate, certificates of the same tenor as the certificates referred to in said Section 6(k) but modified to relate to the Registration Statement and the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to such date;

(o) To offer to any person who has agreed to subscribe for Securities from the Bank, as the result of an offer to subscribe solicited by such Agent, the right to refuse to subscribe and pay for such Securities if, on the related settlement date, any condition set forth in Section 6(a), 6(g), 6(h), 6(i) or 6(j) hereof shall not have been satisfied (it being understood that the judgment of such person with respect to the impracticability or inadvisability of such subscription of Securities shall be substituted, for purposes of this Section 4(o), for the respective judgments of an Agent with respect to certain matters referred to in such Sections 6(g) and 6(i), and that such Agent shall have no duty or obligation whatsoever to exercise the judgment permitted under such Sections 6(g) and 6(i) on behalf of any such person); and

(p) In the event that the Bank and one or more Agents agree to list Securities on a stock exchange, the Bank shall cause an initial application to be made on such stock exchange. In connection with any series of Securities that is intended to be listed, the Bank shall use its reasonable best efforts to obtain the listing as promptly as practicable and to furnish or cause to be furnished any and all documents, instruments, information and undertakings that may be necessary or advisable in order to obtain and maintain the listing. The Bank shall comply with any undertaking given to it from time to time by the relevant stock exchange in connection with any Securities listed on such stock exchange and shall furnish or cause to be furnished to the relevant stock exchange all such information as the relevant stock exchange may require in connection with the listing of any Securities on such stock exchange; and if any Securities cease to be listed on the relevant stock exchange, the Bank shall endeavor promptly to list such Securities on such securities exchange as may be agreed between the Bank and the relevant Agent.

(q) (i) The Bank and each Agent agree that the Agents may prepare and use one or more preliminary or final term sheets relating to the Securities containing customary information;

(ii) Each Agent represents that, other than as permitted under subparagraph (a)(i) above, it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute a “free writing prospectus” as defined in Rule 405 under the Act without the prior consent of the Bank and Barclays Capital Inc. and that, with respect to any issue of Securities to be issued pursuant to a Terms Agreement, Schedule II(a) to such Terms Agreement will be a complete list of any free writing prospectuses for which the Agents have received such consent; and

(iii) The Bank represents and agrees that it has not made and will not make any offer relating to the Securities that would constitute an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus without the prior consent of Barclays Capital Inc. and that, with respect to any issue of Securities to be sold pursuant to a Terms Agreement, Schedule II(a) to such Terms Agreement will include a complete list of any free writing prospectuses for which the Bank has received such consent;

(r) The Bank has complied and will comply with the requirements of Rule 433 under the Act applicable to any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, including timely filing with the Commission or retention where required and legending; and

(s) The Bank agrees that if at any time following issuance of an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus any event occurred or occurs as a result of which such Issuer Free Writing Prospectus would conflict with the information in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented or the Pricing Supplement or would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances then prevailing, not misleading, the Bank will give prompt notice thereof to the affected Agents and, if requested by the affected Agents, will

 

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prepare and furnish without charge to each Agent an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or other document which will correct such conflict, statement or omission; provided, however, that if such statements or omissions were made in an Issuer Free Writing Prospectus in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Bank by an Agent expressly for use therein, the Bank will be reimbursed by the Agents for its reasonable costs of preparing and furnishing such Free Writing Prospectus or other document.

5. The Bank covenants and agrees with each Agent that the Bank will pay or cause to be paid the following: (i) the fees, disbursements and expenses of the Bank’s counsel and accountants in connection with the registration of the Securities under the Act and all other expenses in connection with the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement, the Base Prospectus, any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus and any Pricing Supplements and all other amendments and supplements thereto and the mailing and delivering of copies thereof to such Agent; (ii) the cost of printing, producing or reproducing this Agreement, any Terms Agreement, any Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture or any Warrant Agreement, closing documents (including any compilations thereof) and any other documents in connection with the offering, subscription, issue and delivery of the Securities; (iii) all expenses in connection with the qualification of the Securities for offering and issue under state securities laws as provided in Section 4(d) hereof, including the fees and disbursements in connection with such qualification and in connection with any Blue Sky and legal investment surveys; (iv) any fees charged by securities rating services for rating the Securities; (v) any filing fees incident to, and the fees and disbursements in connection with, any required review by FINRA of the terms of the issue or sale of the Securities (other than, in the case of Barclays Capital Inc., in any Secondary Market Transactions); (vi) the cost of preparing the Securities; (vii) the fees and expenses of any Trustee or Warrant Agent and any agent of any Trustee or Warrant Agent and any transfer or paying agent of the Bank and the fees and disbursements of counsel for any Trustee or Warrant Agent or such agent in connection with any Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture or any Warrant Agreement and the Securities; (viii) any advertising expenses connected with the solicitation of offers to subscribe and the issue of Securities so long as such advertising expenses have been approved by the Bank; and (ix) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations hereunder which are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section. Except as provided in Sections 7 and 8 hereof, each Agent shall pay all other expenses it incurs.

6. The obligation of any Agent, as agent of the Bank, at any time (“Solicitation Time”) to solicit offers to subscribe for the Securities from the Bank and the obligation of any Agent to subscribe for Securities from the Bank as principal, pursuant to any Terms Agreement or otherwise, shall in each case be subject, in such Agent’s discretion, to the condition that all representations and warranties and other statements of the Bank herein (and, in the case of an obligation of an Agent under a Terms Agreement, in or incorporated by reference in such Terms Agreement) are true and correct at and as of the Commencement Date and any applicable date referred to in Section 4(j) hereof that is prior to such Solicitation Time or at and as of both such Time of Delivery and Time of Sale, as the case may be (“Time of Sale” shall mean, with respect to any obligation of an Agent to subscribe for Securities as principal, the time when the related Terms Agreement becomes effective or, if there is no Terms Agreement, the time when the Agent otherwise becomes committed to subscribe for the Securities), as the case may be, and at and as of such Solicitation Time or Time of Delivery; the condition that prior to such Solicitation Time or Time of Delivery, as the case may be, the Bank shall have performed all of its obligations hereunder theretofore to be performed; and the following additional conditions:

(a) (i) With respect to any Securities issued at or prior to such Solicitation Time or Time of Delivery, as the case may be, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented (including the Pricing Supplement) with respect to such Securities shall have been filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) under the Act within the applicable time period prescribed for such filing by the rules and regulations under the Act and in accordance with Section 4(a) hereof; (ii) the final term sheet contemplated by Section 4(a)(ii) hereof and any other material required to be filed by the Bank pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act shall have been filed with the Commission within the applicable time periods prescribed for such filings by Rule 433; (iii) no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or any part thereof shall have been issued and no proceeding for that purpose shall have

 

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been initiated or threatened by the Commission and no notice of objection of the Commission to the use of the Registration Statement or any post-effective amendment thereto pursuant to Rule 401(g)(2) under the Act shall have been received; (iv) no stop order suspending or preventing the use of the Prospectus or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus shall have been initiated or threatened by the Commission; and (v) all requests for additional information on the part of the Commission shall have been complied with to the reasonable satisfaction of such Agent;

(b) Clifford Chance LLP, English Solicitors for the Bank, or other counsel satisfactory to such Agent, shall have furnished to such Agent such counsel’s written opinions, dated as of the Time of Delivery specified in the applicable Terms Agreement referred to in Section 4(k) hereof, in form and substance satisfactory to such Agent, to the effect that:

(i) The Bank has been duly incorporated and is validly existing as a corporation under the laws of England with corporate power and authority to own its properties and conduct its business as described in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, and has in full force and effect all permits, certificates, franchises, licenses, authorizations and similar approvals necessary in connection with the operation of its business with such exceptions as do not and will not materially adversely affect the business, financial condition, shareholders’ equity or results of operations of the Bank;

(ii) The Securities have been duly and validly authorized and, when the Securities are issued and delivered against payment therefor pursuant to this Agreement and any Terms Agreement relating to such Securities, will have been duly executed, authenticated, issued and delivered and will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Bank entitled to the benefits provided by, in the case of Notes, the Senior Indenture, and in the case of Warrants, the Warrant Indenture or the relevant Warrant Agreement, as applicable, each of which will be substantially in the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement; the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement has been duly authorized by the Bank (and, in the case of the Senior Indenture and Warrant Indenture, is duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act), has been duly executed and delivered by the Bank and, assuming due authorization, execution and delivery thereof by the Trustee or Warrant Agent, as applicable, constitutes a valid and legally binding instrument of the Bank enforceable in accordance with its terms, except as enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting the enforcement of creditors’ rights generally or by general equity principles; the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement conforms, and the Securities will conform, to the descriptions thereof set forth in the Prospectus or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented relating to such Securities;

(iii) To the best of such counsel’s knowledge, there are no legal or governmental proceedings pending to which the Bank or any of its subsidiaries is a party or of which any property of the Bank or any of its subsidiaries is the subject, other than as set forth in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and other than litigation or proceedings which in each case will not have a material adverse effect on the business, financial condition, shareholders’ equity or results of operations of the Bank and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis; and, to the best of such counsel’s knowledge, no such litigation or proceedings are threatened or contemplated by governmental authorities or threatened by others;

(iv) Other than as described or set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, no stamp or other similar issuance taxes or duties are payable by or on behalf of the Agents in the United Kingdom in connection with the issue of the Securities to the Agents by the Bank or the consummation of the other transactions contemplated hereunder; and

(v) Other than as described or set forth in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, under current law applicable in the United Kingdom, all payments by the Bank in respect of the Securities may be made without withholding or deduction for or on account of any taxes, duties assessments or charges of whatever nature imposed or levied by or on behalf of the United Kingdom or any political subdivision thereof or any authority therein or thereof having power to tax.

 

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(vi) The Bank is not in violation of its Articles of Association or in default in the performance or observance of any material obligation, agreement, covenant or condition contained in any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other instrument to which it is a party or by which it or its properties may be bound where the effect of such violation or default would be to materially impair the Bank’s ability to perform its obligations hereunder or under the Securities. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Bank and the performance of this Agreement, any Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement by the Bank of its obligations hereunder and thereunder have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action and will not conflict with or constitute a breach of, or default under, or result in the creation of imposition of any lien, charge or encumbrance upon any property or assets of the Bank pursuant to any contract, indenture, mortgage, loan agreement, note, lease or other instrument to which the Bank is a party or by which it may be bound or to which any of the property or assets of the Bank is subject, nor will such action result in any violation of the provisions of the Articles of Association of the Bank or any law, administrative regulation or administrative or court order or decree applicable to the Bank; and no consent, approval, authorization, order, registration or qualification of or with any court or governmental agency or body in the United Kingdom is required for the solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities, the issue and subscription of the Securities or the consummation by the Bank of the other transactions contemplated by this Agreement, any Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture or any Warrant Agreement, except such as have been, or will have been prior to the Commencement Date (as defined in Section 3 hereof), obtained;

(vii) All acts, matters and things required by the applicable laws of England and Wales to be performed, fulfilled or done before the issue of the Securities to render the obligations undertaken by the Bank pursuant to the Securities, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture, each Warrant Agreement, this Agreement and any applicable Terms Agreement valid and binding insofar as the laws of England and Wales are concerned have been performed, fulfilled and done in due and strict compliance with all such laws;

(viii) A judgment in respect of this Agreement, any Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture, any Warrant Agreement or the Securities enforceable against the Bank in New York will give rise to a cause of action in a court in England and Wales which action will enable the person in whose favor the foreign judgment has been rendered to obtain a corresponding judgment in such court in England and Wales without re-examination or relitigation of any matter adjudicated in the foreign judgment, except to the extent that such judgment is against public policy in England and Wales (and such counsel is not aware of any such policy which would prevent recognition of such a judgment);

(ix) The Agents will be entitled to have access as plaintiff to appropriate courts within the United Kingdom for the enforcement of rights against the Bank under, and to the extent provided in, this Agreement and any applicable Terms Agreement and such courts would give effect to the choice of New York law as the proper law of this Agreement and any applicable Terms Agreement;

(x) There are no applicable laws of the United Kingdom that would limit the ability of the Bank to submit to the non-exclusive jurisdiction of any federal or state court sitting in New York City or to waive any objection that it may now or hereafter have either to the laying of venue of any suit, action or proceeding brought in such a court or that any claim in such a court has been brought in an inconvenient forum and the submission by the Bank under this Agreement, any applicable Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture, any Warrant Agreement or the Securities to the jurisdiction of such courts is valid and binding on the Bank;

(xi) This Agreement, any applicable Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture, each Warrant Agreement and the Securities may be enforced against the Bank in the courts of the United

 

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Kingdom without any express submission to any such jurisdiction, and, if action were taken in respect of any of this Agreement, any applicable Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture, any Warrant Agreement or the Securities before such courts, such courts would recognize and give effect to the provisions therein whereby they are to be governed by and construed in accordance with New York law (except as otherwise stated therein);

(xii) The Bank is not immune from suit in any relevant court in the United Kingdom;

(xiii) A judgment in a foreign currency would, for the purpose of enforcement, be converted to Pounds Sterling on the basis of the rate of exchange prevailing on the date of judgment;

(xiv) It is not necessary under the laws of the United Kingdom in order to enable any person to enforce its rights under this Agreement, any applicable Terms Agreement, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture, any Warrant Agreement or the Securities that such person be licensed, qualified, resident or otherwise qualified to carry on business in the United Kingdom;

(xv) No exchange control authorization or other authorization, approval, consent or license of any governmental authority or agency in the United Kingdom is required for the payment by the Bank of any amounts in currencies other than Pounds Sterling pursuant to the terms of the Securities; and

(xvi) The statements which appear in the Prospectus under the caption “Service of Process and Enforcement of Liabilities” in connection with the enforceability in the United Kingdom of civil liabilities predicated upon the federal securities laws of the United States, the caption “Tax Consideration—United Kingdom Taxation” dealing with the possible effect on the Holders of Notes of the United Kingdom taxation and other fiscal legislation, and Item 8 of the Registration Statement dealing with the indemnification of directors and officers of the Bank are accurately presented.

In rendering each such opinion, such counsel may rely on information obtained from public officials, officers of the Bank and other sources believed by such counsel to be responsible, and may, without limiting any other assumption or qualification which may be contained in their opinion, assume that the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture, each Warrant Agreement, this Agreement and any applicable Terms Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the parties thereto (other than the Bank), that the Securities conform to the specimens thereof examined by them, and that the signatures on all documents examined by them are genuine, assumptions which such counsel have not independently verified;

(c) Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, United States counsel for the Bank, shall have furnished to such Agent such opinion or opinions, dated as of the Time of Delivery specified in the applicable Terms Agreement referred to in Section 4(l) hereof, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to you, to the effect that:

(i) Assuming the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Bank insofar as the laws of England and Wales are concerned, the Senior Indenture, the Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement has been duly executed and delivered by the Bank and, in the case of the Senior Indenture and Warrant Indenture, is duly qualified under the Trust Indenture Act, and constitutes a valid and legally binding obligation of the Bank, enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles;

(ii) When the series of Medium-Term Notes, Series A or the series of Warrants, as applicable, has been duly authorized and established in conformity with the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture or Warrant Agreement, as applicable, and, when the terms of a particular Security and of its issuance have been duly authorized by all necessary corporate action in conformity with the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture or Warrant Agreement, as applicable, and such Security has been duly prepared, executed, authenticated and issued in

 

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accordance with the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture or Warrant Agreement, as applicable, and delivered against payment in accordance with this Agreement or any applicable Terms Agreement, assuming such Security has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Bank insofar as the laws of England and Wales are concerned, such Security will constitute a valid and legally binding obligation of the Bank enforceable in accordance with its terms, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles;

(iii) Assuming this Agreement and any applicable Terms Agreement have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Bank insofar as the laws of England and Wales are concerned, this Agreement and such applicable Terms Agreement have been duly executed and delivered by the Bank;

(iv) All regulatory consents, authorizations, approvals and filings required to be obtained or made by the Bank on or prior to the date hereof under the federal laws of the United States and the laws of the State of New York for the execution and delivery of the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture and each Warrant Agreement and the issuance, sale and delivery of the Securities by the Bank or through the Agents in accordance with the terms of this Agreement or any applicable Terms Agreement have been obtained or made; provided, however , that such counsel need not express any opinion with respect to state securities laws;

(v) The Bank is not, and upon completion of the offer and issue of the Securities and the application of the proceeds thereof in the manner described in the Prospectus will not be, “an investment company” or a company “controlled” by an “investment company” required to be registered under the Investment Company Act;

(vi) Such counsel reviewed the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, participated in discussions with representatives of the Bank, its accountants and its UK counsel, and advised the Bank as to the requirements of the Act and the applicable rules and regulations thereunder; between the effectiveness of the Registration Statement and time of delivery of such letter, such counsel participated in further discussions with representatives of the Bank, their accountants and their UK counsel regarding the contents of certain portions of the Prospectus and certain related matters and reviewed certificates of certain officers of the Bank and a letter addressed to the Agent from the independent accountants of the Bank; on the basis of the information that such counsel gained in the course of the performance of such services, considered in the light of their understanding of the applicable law and the experience they have gained through their practice under the Act, such counsel confirms to the Agents that, in their opinion the Registration Statement as of the effective date, and the Prospectus, as of the date of the Prospectus, appeared on their face to be appropriately responsive to the requirements of the Act and, in the case of an offering of Notes or Warrants issued under the Warrant Indenture, the Trust Indenture Act, and all applicable rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder; and that nothing that came to the attention of such counsel in the course of such review has caused them to believe that the Registration Statement, as of its effective date, contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, or that Prospectus, as of the date of the Prospectus, contained any untrue statement of material fact or omitted to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading. In rendering the letter pursuant to this clause (vi), such counsel may state that the limitations inherent in the independent verification of factual matters and the character of determinations involved in the registration process are such, however, that they do not assume any responsibility for the accuracy, completeness or fairness of the statements contained in the Registration Statement or Prospectus except for those made under the captions “Description of Debt Securities,” “Description of Warrants” and “Plan of Distribution” in the Prospectus, in each case insofar as they relate to provisions, therein described, of the Securities, the Senior Indenture, Warrant Indenture or Warrant Agreement, as applicable, under which the Securities are to be issued and the Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement relating to the Securities, and except for those made under the caption “Tax Considerations—U.S. Taxation”, in the Prospectus, insofar as they relate to provisions of U.S. federal income tax law therein described; and that they do not express any opinion or belief as to the financial statements or as to other

 

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financial data derived from accounting records contained in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or as to the statement of eligibility of the Trustee under the Senior Indenture or Warrant Indenture; and that their letter is furnished as counsel for the Bank and is solely for the benefit of the Bank.

(d) Not later than 30 days following the date of the most recent annual report on Form 20-F of the Bank filed with the Commission and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement, Sullivan & Cromwell LLP, United States counsel for the Bank, shall have furnished to such Agent a disclosure letter of a similar tenor to that set forth in Section 6(c)(vi) above with respect to the statements made in such annual report on Form 20-F; provided, however, that the Bank may elect not to comply with this paragraph (d) for any period or periods that the Bank reasonably determines are necessary in order to avoid premature disclosure of material, non-public information; provided, further, that if the Bank so elects to delay compliance with the condition stated in this paragraph (d) such Agent shall be under no obligation to solicit offers to subscribe for Securities during the period or periods of such delay;

(e) Not later than 10:00 a.m., New York City time, on the day of the Time of Delivery specified in the applicable Terms Agreement referred to in Section 4(m) hereof, the independent certified public accountants who have certified the financial statements of the Bank and its subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement shall have furnished to such Agent a letter, dated such applicable date, as the case may be, in form and substance satisfactory to such Agent, to the effect set forth in Annex II hereto;

(f) Not later than 30 days following the date of the most recent annual report on Form 20-F of the Bank filed with the Commission and incorporated by reference into the Registration Statement, the independent certified accountants who have certified the financial statements of the Bank and its subsidiaries included or incorporated by reference in such annual report on Form 20-F shall have furnished to such Agent a letter in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to such Agent, to the effect set forth in Annex II hereto with respect to the financial statements and other financial information included or incorporated by reference in such annual report on Form 20-F; provided, however, that the Bank may elect not to comply with this paragraph (f) for any period or periods that the Bank reasonably determines are necessary in order to avoid premature disclosure of material, non-public information; provided, further, that if the Bank so elects to delay compliance with the condition stated in this paragraph (f) such Agent shall be under no obligation to solicit offers to subscribe for Securities during the period or periods of such delay;

(g) Since the respective dates as of which information is given or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, there shall not have been, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented, (i) any material change in the share capital, undated loan capital or dated loan capital of the Bank other than such changes as have been disclosed to the Agents, or (ii) any material change in or affecting the business, financial condition, shareholders’ equity or results of operations of the Bank and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis, the effect of which in each case is, in the judgment of such Agent after consultation with the Bank, so material and adverse as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Securities, on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented;

(h) On or after the Applicable Time (i) no downgrading shall have occurred in the rating accorded the Bank’s debt securities or preferred stock by Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. or Standard & Poor’s Corporation and (ii) neither such organization shall have publicly announced that it has under surveillance or review, with possible negative implications, its rating of any of the Bank’s debt securities or preferred stock;

(i) On or after the Applicable Time (i) neither the United States nor the United Kingdom shall have become engaged in hostilities which have resulted in the declaration of a national emergency or war, (ii) there shall not have been any generally published change or development involving a prospective change in U.S. or United Kingdom taxation directly affecting the Securities or the imposition of exchange controls by the United States or

 

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the United Kingdom, (iii) there shall not have been a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange or the London Stock Exchange, or a general moratorium on commercial banking activities in New York declared by either U.S. federal or New York State authorities or a general moratorium on commercial banking activities in the United Kingdom declared by authorities in the United Kingdom, the effect of which in the case of (i), (ii) or (iii), in the judgment of such Agent after consultation with the Bank, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Securities on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus as amended or supplemented prior to the date of the Pricing Supplement relating to the Securities to be delivered at the relevant Time of Delivery;

(j) (i) With respect to any Security denominated in a currency other than the U.S. dollar, more than one currency or a composite currency or any Security the principal or interest of which is indexed to such currency, currencies or composite currency, there shall not have occurred a suspension or material limitation in foreign exchange trading in such currency, currencies or composite currency by a major international bank, a general moratorium on commercial banking activities in the country or countries issuing such currency, currencies or composite currency, the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving, the occurrence of any material adverse change in the existing financial, political or economic conditions of, or the declaration of war or a national emergency by, the country or countries issuing such currency, currencies or composite currency or the imposition or proposal of exchange controls by any governmental authority in the country or countries issuing such currency, currencies or composite currency; and (ii) with respect to any Security linked to the securities of an issuer other than the Bank, additional conditions comparable to those set forth in Sections 6(g), 6(h) and 6(i) shall have been satisfied with respect to such issuer (with such additional conditions being identical to those in Sections 6(g), (h) and (i), except that, for this purpose, all references to the Bank in such sections shall be deemed to mean such other issuer and, if the principal trading market for such other issuer’s securities is not the New York Stock Exchange, the reference to the New York Stock Exchange in Section 6(i)(iii) shall be deemed to mean either the New York Stock Exchange or such principal trading market), it being understood that nothing in this clause 6(j)(ii) shall limit or otherwise affect conditions in Sections 6(g), (h) and (i), which shall apply in addition to any conditions applicable pursuant to this clause 6(j)(ii);

(k) The Bank shall have furnished or caused to be furnished to such Agent certificates of officers of the Bank, dated as of the Time of Delivery specified in the applicable Terms Agreement referred to in Section 4(j) hereof, in such form and executed by such officers of the Bank as shall be satisfactory to such Agent, as to the accuracy of the representations and warranties of the Bank herein at and as of such applicable date as to the performance by the Bank of all of its obligations hereunder to be performed at or prior to such applicable date as to the matters set forth in subsections (a) and (g) of this Section 6, and as to such other matters as such Agent may reasonably request;

(l) There is no outstanding material breach of any obligations of the Bank under the relevant Securities or this Agreement which has not been waived by the relevant Agent on or prior to the Solicitation Time or Time of Delivery of the relevant Securities;

(m) In the case of Securities that are intended to be listed, the relevant stock exchange has agreed to list such Securities; and

(n) For the issue of Securities denominated in a currency other than U.S. dollars, all necessary approvals have been obtained from the relevant central bank or other fiscal, monetary, regulatory or other authority.

7. (a) The Bank will indemnify and hold harmless each Agent against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities, joint or several, to which such Agent may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Prospectus as amended or

 

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supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any amendment or supplement thereto, any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus or any “issuer information” filed or required to be filed pursuant to Rule 433(d) under the Act, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse each Agent for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such Agent in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim; provided, however, that the Bank shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities or any such amendment or supplement, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Bank by such Agent expressly for use therein, and provided, further, that the Bank shall not be liable to any Agent under the indemnity agreement in this subsection (a) with respect to any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented or any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any such amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage or liability of such Agent results from the fact that such Agent sold Securities to a person to whom there was not sent or given, at or prior to the written confirmation of such sale, a copy of the Prospectus or of the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented, including a copy of any document incorporated by reference therein and required to be delivered therewith, if the Bank has previously furnished copies thereof to such Agent.

(b) Each Agent will indemnify and hold harmless the Bank against any losses, claims, damages or liabilities to which the Bank may become subject, under the Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in any Preliminary Prospectus, any preliminary prospectus supplement, the Registration Statement, the Prospectus, the Prospectus as amended or supplemented and any other prospectus relating to the Securities, or any such amendment or supplement thereto, or any Issuer Free Writing Prospectus, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Bank by such Agent expressly for use therein; and will reimburse the Bank for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Bank in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim.

(c) Promptly after receipt by an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above of notice of the commencement of any action, such indemnified party shall, if a claim in respect thereof is to be made against the indemnifying party under such subsection, notify the indemnifying party in writing of the commencement thereof; but the omission so to notify the indemnifying party shall not relieve it from any liability which it may have to any indemnified party otherwise than under such subsection. In case any such action shall be brought against any indemnified party and it shall notify the indemnifying party of the commencement thereof, the indemnifying party shall be entitled to participate therein and, to the extent that it shall wish, jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly notified, to assume the defense thereof, with counsel satisfactory to such indemnified party (who shall not, except with the consent of the indemnified party, be counsel to the indemnifying party), and, after notice from the indemnifying party shall not be liable to such indemnified party under such subsection for any legal expenses of other counsel or any other expenses, in each case subsequently incurred by such indemnified party, in connection with the defense thereof other than reasonable costs of investigation.

(d) If the indemnification provided for in this Section 7 is unavailable or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party under subsection (a) or (b) above in respect of any losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or

 

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actions in respect thereof) referred to therein, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to the amount paid or payable by such indemnified party as a result of such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Bank on the one hand and each Agent on the other from the offering of the Securities to which such loss, claim, damage or liability (or action in respect thereof) relates. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law or if the indemnified party failed to give the notice required under subsection (c) above, then each indemnifying party shall contribute to such amount paid or payable by such indemnified party in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Bank on the one hand and each Agent on the other in connection with the statements or omissions which resulted in such losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Bank on the one hand and such Agent on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from such offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Bank bear to the total discounts and commissions received by such Agent. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or alleged untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Bank on the one hand or such Agent on the other and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Bank and each Agent agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this subsection 7(d) were determined by pro rata allocation (even if all Agents were treated as one entity for such purpose) or by any other method of allocation which does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this subsection 7(d). The amount paid or payable by an indemnified party as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this subsection 7(d) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by such indemnified party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. Notwithstanding the provisions of this subsection 7(d), no Agent shall be required to contribute any amount in excess of the amount by which the total price at which the applicable Securities subscribed by it (or by persons solicited by it) were sold exceeds the amount of any damages which such Agent has otherwise been required to pay by reason of such untrue or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the Act) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The obligations of the Agents of Securities in this subsection 7(d) to contribute are several in proportion to their respective subscription or solicitation obligations with respect to such Securities and not joint.

(e) The obligations of the Bank under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability which the Bank may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each person, if any, who controls any Agent within the meaning of the Act; and the obligations of the Agents under this Section 7 shall be in addition to any liability which the respective Agents may otherwise have and shall extend, upon the same terms and conditions, to each officer and director of the Bank (including any person who, with his or her consent, is named in Registration Statement, as about to become a director of the Bank), to the authorized representative of the Bank in the United States and to each person, if any, who controls the Bank within the meaning of the Act.

8. Each Agent, in soliciting offers to subscribe for Securities from the Bank and in performing the other obligations of such Agent hereunder (other than in respect of any subscription by an Agent as principal, pursuant to a Terms Agreement or otherwise), is acting solely as agent for the Bank and not as principal. Each Agent will make reasonable efforts to assist the Bank in obtaining performance by each subscriber whose offer to subscribe for Securities from the Bank was solicited by such Agent and has been accepted by the Bank, but such Agent shall not have any liability to the Bank in the event such subscription is not consummated for any reason. If the Bank shall default on its obligation to deliver Securities to a subscriber whose offer it has accepted, the Bank shall (i) hold each Agent harmless against any loss, claim or damage arising from or as a result of such default by the Bank and (ii) notwithstanding such default, pay to the Agent that solicited such offer any commission to which it would be entitled in connection with such subscription.

 

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9. The respective indemnities, agreements, representations, warranties and other statements by any Agent and the Bank set forth in or made pursuant to this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect regardless of any investigation (or any statement as to the results thereof) made by or on behalf of any Agent or any controlling person of any Agent, or the Bank, or any officer or director or any controlling person of the Bank, and shall survive each delivery of and payment for any of the Securities.

10. (a) The provisions of this Agreement relating to the solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities from the Bank may be suspended or terminated at any time by the Bank as to any Agent or by any Agent as to such Agent upon the giving of written notice of such suspension or termination to such Agent or the Bank, as the case may be. In the event of such suspension or termination with respect to any Agent, (i) this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect with respect to any Agent as to which such suspension or termination has not occurred, (ii) this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect with respect to the rights and obligations of any party which have previously accrued or which relate to Securities which are already issued, agreed to be issued or the subject of a pending offer at the time of such suspension or termination (including all Securities that may be the subject of a Secondary Market Transaction at any time during the Secondary Transactions Period) and (iii) in any event, this Agreement shall remain in full force and effect insofar as the third paragraph of Section 2(a) and Sections 4(f), 4(h), 5, 7, 8 and 9 hereof are concerned.

(b) The Bank, in its sole discretion, may appoint one or more additional parties to act as Agents hereunder from time to time. Any such appointment shall be made in a writing signed by the Bank and the party so appointed. Such appointment shall become effective in accordance with its terms after the execution and delivery of such writing by the Bank and such other party. When such appointment is effective, such other party shall be deemed to be one of the Agents referred to in, and to have the rights and obligations of an Agent under, this Agreement, subject to the terms and conditions of such appointment. The Bank shall deliver a copy of such appointment to each other Agent promptly after it becomes effective.

11. Except as otherwise specifically provided herein, all statements, requests, notices and advices hereunder shall be in writing, or by telephone if promptly confirmed in writing, and shall be sufficient in all respects when delivered or sent by facsimile transmission, personal delivery or registered mail to: if to the Agent, Barclays Capital Inc., 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, Facsimile No.: (212) 412-1825; Tel: (212) 412-4000; Attention: General Counsel; if to any Agent other than Barclays Capital Inc., the facsimile number or address provided by such Agent to the Bank in the document appointing such Agent as an Agent under this Agreement; and if to the Bank, Barclays Bank PLC, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, Facsimile No.: (212) 412-1825; Tel: (212) 412-4000; Attention: General Counsel. Any such statements, requests, notices or advices shall take effect upon receipt thereof.

12. This Agreement and each Terms Agreement shall be binding upon, and inure solely to the benefit of, the Agents, the Bank and, to the extent provided in Sections 7, 8 and 9 hereof, the officers and directors of the Bank and each person who controls the Bank or any Agent, and their respective heirs, executors, administrators, successors and assigns, and no other person shall acquire or have any right under or by virtue of this Agreement or any such Terms Agreement. No purchaser of any of the Securities from any Agent shall be deemed a successor or assign by reason merely of such purchase.

13. The Agents may assign or transfer their rights or obligations under this Agreement with the prior written consent of the Bank. If the Agents assign their rights or transfer their obligations as provided in this Section, the relevant assignee or transferee shall be treated as if it were a party to this Agreement with effect from the date on which such assignment or transfer takes effect; provided that any transfer shall only become effective when the Bank has received an undertaking from the transferee to be bound by this Agreement and to perform the obligations transferred to it. Such assignment or transfer shall not affect any rights or obligations (including, but not limited to, those arising under Sections 6, 7 or 10) that have accrued at the time of assignment or transfer or that accrue thereafter to the Agents in relation to any act or omission or alleged act or omission that occurred prior to such assignment or transfer.

 

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14. Time shall be of the essence in this Agreement and any Terms Agreement. As used herein, the term “business day” shall mean any day when the Commission’s office in Washington, D.C. is open for business.

15. The Bank acknowledges and agrees that: (i) the subscription and issue of the Securities pursuant to this Agreement and each Terms Agreement, including the determination of the public offering price of the Securities and any related discounts and commissions, is an arm’s-length commercial transaction between the Bank, on the one hand, and the several Agents, on the other hand; (ii) in connection with each transaction contemplated hereby and the process leading to each such transaction each Agent is and has been acting solely as a principal and is not the agent or fiduciary of the Bank or its affiliates (other than, if applicable, itself), stockholders, creditors or employees or any other party; (iii) no Agent has assumed or will assume an advisory or fiduciary responsibility in favor of the Bank with respect to any of the transactions contemplated hereby or the process leading thereto (irrespective of whether such Agent has advised or is currently advising the Bank on other matters) and no Agent has any obligation to the Bank with respect to the offering contemplated hereby except the obligations expressly set forth in this Agreement; (iv) the several Agents and their respective affiliates may be engaged in a broad range of transactions that involve interests that differ from those of the Bank; and (v) the Agents have not provided any legal, accounting, regulatory or tax advice with respect to the offering contemplated hereby and the Bank has consulted its own legal, accounting, regulatory and tax advisors to the extent it deemed appropriate.

16. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement supersede all prior agreements and understandings (whether written or oral) between the Bank and the Agents, or any of them, with respect to the subject matter hereof.

17. (a) This Agreement and any Terms Agreement shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.

(b) The Bank agrees that any legal suit, action or proceeding brought by any Agent or by a person controlling any Agent, arising out of or based upon this Agreement or any Terms Agreement may be instituted in any state or federal court in The City and State of New York, and waives any objection which it may now or hereafter have to the laying of venue of any such proceeding, and irrevocably submits to the jurisdiction of such courts in any such proceeding. The Bank hereby appoints Barclays Bank PLC, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, as its authorized agent (the “Authorized Agent”) upon which process may be served in any action based on this Agreement or any Terms Agreement which may be instituted in any state or federal court in The City and State of New York by an Agent and expressly accepts the jurisdiction of any such court in respect of such action. Such appointment shall be irrevocable. Barclays Bank PLC hereby accepts to act as said agent for service of process, and the Bank agrees to take any and all action, including the filing of any and all documents and instruments, that may be necessary to continue such appointment in full force and effect as aforesaid. Service of process upon the Authorized Agent and written notice of such service to the Bank (mailed or delivered to the Bank at its respective address as aforesaid) shall be deemed, in every respect, effective service of process upon the Bank. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any action based on this Agreement or any Terms Agreement may be instituted by any Agent in any competent court in the United Kingdom.

(c) The provisions of this Section 17 shall survive any termination of this Agreement, in whole or in part.

18. This Agreement and any Terms Agreement may be executed by any one or more of the parties hereto and thereto in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be an original, but all of such respective counterparts shall together constitute one and the same instrument.

 

21


19. Any amounts payable to an Agent hereunder shall be payable free and clear of, and without deduction or withholding for or an account of, any and all present and future taxes, assessments or other governmental charges now or hereafter imposed or assessed by the United Kingdom or any political subdivision or taxing authority thereof or therein (“Foreign Taxes”). If Foreign Taxes are so levied or imposed, the Bank agrees to pay such additional amounts (“Additional Amounts”) as may be necessary so that the amount due under this Agreement after withholding or deduction for or on an account of Foreign Taxes will not be less that the amount provided for herein; provided, however , the Bank will not be required to make any payment of Additional Amounts to an Agent for or on account of (a) any such Foreign Taxes which would not have been so imposed but for the existence of any present or former connection between such Agent (or between a member or shareholder of such Agent) and the United Kingdom (or any political subdivisions or taxing authority thereof or therein) including, without limitation, such Agent (or such member or shareholder) being or having been a resident thereof or being or having been engaged in a trade or business or present therein or having, or having had, a permanent establishment therein or (b) any Foreign Taxes which would not have been imposed but for the failure to comply with certification, information or other reporting requirements concerning the nationality, residence or identity of the Agent, if such compliance is required by statute or by regulation of the United Kingdom or of any political subdivisions or taxing authority thereof or therein as a precondition to relief or exemption from such Foreign Taxes.

20. If, for the purposes of obtaining a judgment in any court it is necessary to convert a sum due hereunder into any currency other than United States dollars, the parties hereto agree, to the fullest extent that they may effectively do so, that the rate of exchange used shall be the rate at which in accordance with normal banking procedures an Agent or the Bank, as the case may be, could purchase United States dollars with such other currency in the Borough of Manhattan, City and State of New York on the business day preceding that on which final judgment is given. If, on the first business day following receipt by such Agent or the Bank, as the case may be, of any sum adjudged to be so due in such other currency, on which (and only to the extent that) such Agent or the Bank, as the case may be, may in accordance with normal banking procedures purchase United States dollars which the Bank or Agent, as the case may be, could purchase are less than the sum originally due to the Agent or the Bank, as the case may be, hereunder, then the paying party agrees, as a separate obligation and notwithstanding any such judgment, to indemnify the party being paid for such difference. If the United States dollars which the Bank or the Agent, as the case may be, could purchase on such first business day are greater than the sum originally due hereunder, then the party being paid agrees to pay the paying party an amount equal to the excess of the United States dollars over the sum originally due hereunder.

 

22


If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign and return to us four counterparts hereof, whereupon this letter and the acceptance by you thereof shall constitute a binding agreement between the Bank and you in accordance with its terms.

 

Very truly yours,

Barclays Bank PLC

By:

 

/s/ Steven Penketh

Name:

 

Steven Penketh

Title:

 

Head of Capital Issuance

 

Accepted,
as of the date hereof:

Barclays Capital Inc.

By:

 

/s/ Gerard LaRocca

Name:

  Gerard LaRocca

Title:

  Chief Administrative Officer, Americas

Distribution Agreement


ANNEX I

Barclays Bank PLC

[$[ ]

Medium-Term Notes, Series A]

[[ ] Warrants]

Terms Agreement

                     , 2009

Barclays Capital Inc.

200 Park Avenue

New York, New York 10166

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Barclays Bank PLC (the “Bank”) proposes, subject to the terms and conditions stated herein and in the Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement, dated February 10, 2009 (the “Distribution Agreement”), between the Bank on the one hand and Barclays Capital Inc. on the other, to issue to you the securities specified in the Schedule hereto (the “Subscription Securities”). Each of the provisions of the Distribution Agreement not specifically related to the solicitation by the Agents, as agents of the Bank, of offers to subscribe for Securities is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and shall be deemed to be part of this Terms Agreement to the same extent as if such provisions had been set forth in full herein. Nothing contained herein or in the Distribution Agreement shall make any party hereto an agent of the Bank or make such party subject to the provisions therein relating to the solicitation of offers to subscribe for Securities from the Bank, solely by virtue of its execution of this Terms Agreement. Each of the representations and warranties set forth therein shall be deemed to have been made at and as of the date of this Terms Agreement, except that each representation and warranty in Section 1 of the Distribution Agreement which makes reference to the Prospectus shall be deemed to be a representation and warranty as of the date of the Distribution Agreement in relation to the Prospectus (as therein defined), and also a representation and warranty as of the date of this Terms Agreement in relation to the Prospectus as amended and supplemented to relate to the Subscription Securities.

An amendment to the Registration Statement, or a supplement to the Prospectus, as the case may be, relating to the Subscription Securities, in the form heretofore delivered to you is now proposed to be filed with the Commission.

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Distribution Agreement incorporated herein by reference, the Bank agrees to issue to you and you agree to subscribe for from the Bank the Subscription Securities, at the time and place, in the principal amount of the Notes or aggregate number of the Warrants, as applicable, and at the subscription price set forth in the Schedule hereto.

If the foregoing is in accordance with your understanding, please sign and return to us counterparts hereof, and upon acceptance hereof by you this letter and such acceptance hereof, including those provisions of the Distribution Agreement incorporated herein by reference, shall constitute a binding agreement between you and the Bank.

 

I-1


Very truly yours,

Barclays Bank PLC

By:

 

 

Name:

 

Title:

 

 

Accepted,
as of the date hereof:

Barclays Capital Inc.

By:

 

 

Name:

 

Title:

 

 

I-2


SCHEDULE I TO ANNEX I

Title of Subscription Securities:

[Debt Securities] [Warrants]

Aggregate Principal Amount:

[$              or units of other Specified Currency]

Aggregate Number and Form:

[[ ] Call Warrants] [[ ] Put Warrants]

Price to Public:

Subscription Price by Barclays Capital Inc. [Name(s) of other subscribers]:

[% of the principal amount of the Subscription Securities [, plus accrued interest from              to              ] [and accrued amortization, if any, from              to              ]] [% of the aggregate number of the Subscription Securities [times $              or units of other Specified Currency per Subscription Security]

Method of and Specified Funds for Payment of Subscription Price:

[By certified or official bank check or checks, payable to the order of the Bank, in [[New York] Clearing House] [immediately available] funds]

[By wire transfer to a bank account specified by the Bank in [next day] [immediately available] funds]

Senior Indenture:

Senior Indenture, dated as of                      , 2004, between the Bank and                      , as Trustee

Warrant Indenture:

Warrant Indenture, dated as of                      , 2009, between the Bank and                      , as Trustee

Warrant Agreement:

Warrant Agreement, dated as of                      , [ ], between the Bank and                      , as Warrant Agent

Time of Delivery:

Closing Location for Delivery of Securities:

[Maturity] [Exercise Date(s)]:

 

I-3


Interest Rate:

[ %] [Zero Coupon] [Describe applicable floating rate provisions]

Interest Payment Dates:

[months and dates]

Principal repayment terms: [Describe applicable terms]

Terms for payment of money or delivery of warrant property: [Describe applicable terms]

Documents to be Delivered:

The following documents referred to in the Distribution Agreement shall be delivered as a condition to the Closing:

[(1) The opinions of United Kingdom and United States counsel to the Bank referred to in Sections 4(k) and (l).]

[(2) The accountants’ letter referred to in Section 4(m).]

[(3) The officers’ certificate referred to in Section 4(n).]

Other Provisions (including Syndicate Provisions, if applicable):

 

I-4


SCHEDULE II TO ANNEX I

 

(a) Issuer Free Writing Prospectuses:

 

   

Final term sheet in the form set forth in Schedule III hereto, but only if the Bank is obligated to prepare and file such term sheet pursuant to Section 4(a)(ii) of the Distribution Agreement.

 

(b) Additional Information in Pricing Disclosure Package:

In addition to the Prospectus as amended or supplemented at the Applicable Time, the Pricing Disclosure Package consists of the following information:

 

   

The statements under the caption [“Specific Terms of the Notes”] [“Specific Terms of the Warrants”] in, and the information [in the table] on the front cover of, the Pricing Supplement.

 

(c) Additional Documents Incorporated by Reference:

 

I-1


SCHEDULE III TO ANNEX I

[To be modified as appropriate and completed prior to execution of this Terms Agreement]

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

Title of Subscription Securities:

Aggregate [Principal Amount] [Number] [Form] Offered:

Price to Public:

Settlement Date:

Managing Underwriters:

Subscription Price by Underwriters:

[Maturity Date] [Exercise Date(s)]:

[Interest Rate:]

[Interest Payment Dates:]

[Interest Reset Dates:]

[Description of Warrant Property]

[Terms for Payment of Money or Delivery of Warrant Property]

[Minimum Number Exercisable on any Day]

[Maximum Number Exercisable on any Day]

Redemption Provisions:

[Other Provisions:]

The issuer has filed a registration statement (including a prospectus) with the SEC for the offering to which this communication relates. Before you invest, you should read the prospectus in that registration statement and other documents the issuer has filed with the SEC for more complete information about the issuer and this offering. You may get these documents for free by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Web site at www.sec.gov. Alternately, the issuer, any underwriter or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the prospectus if you request it by calling toll-free [ ].

 

I-1


ANNEX II

Accountant’s Letter

Pursuant to Sections 4(m) and 6(f), as the case may be, of the Amended and Restated Distribution Agreement, the Bank’s independent certified public accountants shall furnish letters to the effect that:

(i) They are independent certified public accountants with respect to the Bank and its subsidiaries within the meaning of the Act and the applicable published rules and regulations thereunder;

(ii) In their opinion, the financial statements and any supplementary financial information and schedules (and, if applicable, prospective financial statements and/or pro forma financial information) examined by them and included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Act or the Exchange Act, as applicable, and the related published rules and regulations thereunder; and, if applicable, they have made a review in accordance with standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants of the consolidated interim financial statements, selected financial data, pro forma financial information, prospective financial statements and/or condensed financial statements derived from audited financial statements of the Bank for the periods specified in such letter, as indicated in their reports thereon, copies of which have been furnished to the Agents;

(iii) On the basis of limited procedures, not constituting an examination in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, consisting of a reading of the unaudited financial statements and other information referred to below, a reading of the latest available interim financial statements of the Bank and its subsidiaries, inspection of the minute books of the Bank and its subsidiaries since the date of the latest audited financial statements included or incorporated by reference in the Prospectus, inquiries of officials of the Bank and its subsidiaries responsible for financial and accounting matters and such other inquiries and procedures as may be specified in such letter, nothing came to their attention that caused them to believe that:

(A) the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of income, consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of cash flows included or incorporated by reference in any document incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the Exchange Act and the related published rules and regulations thereunder relating to interim financial statements to the extent applicable to the Bank or are not in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a basis substantially consistent with the basis for the audited consolidated statements of income, consolidated balance sheets and consolidated statements of cash flows included or incorporated by reference in the Form 20-F;

(B) the unaudited selected financial data with respect to the consolidated results of operations and financial position for the five most recent fiscal years which was included in the Prospectus does not agree with the corresponding amounts in the Bank’s audited consolidated financial statements for such fiscal years restated where appropriate to accord with current accounting practice;

(C) as at March 31 or September 30 following the date of the audited consolidated financial statements included in the Form 20-F, if applicable, and to the extent that the relevant financial information is available, there were any changes in issued share capital (other than issuances of shares under employee share option or profit sharing schemes existing on the date of

 

II-1


any Terms Agreement) or decreases in provisions for lending losses, income retained and other reserves, any changes in the consolidated long-term debt or undated capital notes, other than for exchange rate movements, or any decrease in net interest income, income before taxes, minority interests and extraordinary items or net income, as compared with the corresponding period in the preceding year, except in all instances for changes which the Registration Statement discloses; and

(D) for the period from the specific date referred to above to not more than five days prior to the date of delivery of such letter, there were any changes in the issued share capital (other than issuances of shares under employee share option or profit sharing schemes existing on the date of any Terms Agreement) or decreases in income retained and other reserves or changes in long-term debt, or undated capital notes, other than for exchange rate movements, as compared with amounts shown on the audited consolidated balance sheet included in the Form 20-F; and

(iv) In addition to the examination referred to in their report(s) included or incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement and Prospectus and the limited procedures, inspection of minute books, inquiries and other procedures referred to in paragraph (iii) above, they have carried out certain specified procedures, not constituting an examination in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, with respect to certain amounts, percentages and financial information which are derived from the general accounting records of the Bank and its subsidiaries, which appear in the Form 20-F, in any document incorporated by reference in the Registration Statement, in the Prospectus and in certain exhibits to the Registration Statement, and which are specified by the Agents, and have compared certain of such amounts, percentages and financial information with the accounting records of the Bank and its subsidiaries and have found them to be in agreement.

All references in this Annex II to the Prospectus shall be deemed to refer to the Prospectus (as defined in the Distribution Agreement) as amended or supplemented as of the Time of Delivery relating to any Terms Agreement requiring the delivery of such letter under Section 4(m) thereof.

 

II-2

Exhibit 4.4

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC,

Issuer

 

TO

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON,

Trustee

 

WARRANT INDENTURE

Dated as of                     , 2009


BARCLAYS BANK PLC

Reconciliation and tie between Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as amended by the Trust Indenture Reform Act of 1990, and Warrant Indenture, dated as of                     , 2009.

 

Trust Indenture Act Section

  

Warrant Indenture Section

§310

 

(a)(1)

   6.09
 

(a)(2)

   6.09
 

(a)(3)

   Not Applicable
 

(a)(4)

   Not Applicable
 

(b)

   6.08
     6.10
 

(c)

   Not Applicable

§311

 

(a)

   6.13
 

(b)

   6.13
 

(c)

   Not Applicable

§312

 

(a)

   7.01
     7.02(a)
 

(b)

   7.02(b)
 

(c)

   7.02(c)

§313

 

(a)

   7.03(a)
 

(b)

   7.03(a)
 

(c)

   1.06, 7.03(a)
 

(d)

   7.03(b)

§314

 

(a)

   7.04
 

(b)

   Not Applicable
 

(c)(1)

   1.02
 

(c)(2)

   1.02
 

(c)(3)

   Not Applicable
 

(d)

   Not Applicable
 

(e)

   1.02
 

(f)

   Not Applicable

§315

 

(a)

   6.01, 6.03
 

(b)

   6.02
 

(c)

   5.03, 6.01
 

(d)(1)

   6.01, 6.03
 

(d)(2)

   6.01, 6.03
 

(e)

   5.13

§316

 

(a)(1)(A)

   5.11
 

(a)(1)(B)

   5.12
 

(a)(2)

   Not Applicable
 

(a)(last sentence)

   1.01
 

(b)

   5.07

§317

 

(a)(1)

   5.02

 

-i-


 

(a)(2)

   5.03
 

(b)

   10.03

§318

 

(a)

   1.07

NOTE: This reconciliation and tie shall not, for any purpose, be deemed to be a part of the Warrant Indenture.

 

-ii-


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

ARTICLE 1
D EFINITIONS AND O THER P ROVISIONS OF G ENERAL A PPLICATION

Section 1.01

   Definitions    1

Section 1.02

   Compliance Certificates and Opinions    8

Section 1.03

   Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee    9

Section 1.04

   Acts of Holders    10

Section 1.05

   Notices, etc. to Trustee and Company    12

Section 1.06

   Notice to Holders; Waiver    12

Section 1.07

   Conflict with Trust Indenture Act    13

Section 1.08

   Effect of Headings and Table of Contents    14

Section 1.09

   Successors and Assigns    14

Section 1.10

   Separability Clause    14

Section 1.11

   Benefits of Warrant Indenture    14

Section 1.12

   Characterization of Warrants    14

Section 1.13

   Governing Law    14

Section 1.14

   Saturdays, Sundays and Legal Holidays    14

Section 1.15

   Appointment of Agent for Service; Submission to Jurisdiction and Venue    15

Section 1.16

   Calculation Agent    15

Section 1.17

   Waiver of Jury Trial    15
ARTICLE 2   
S ECURITY F ORMS   

Section 2.01

   Forms Generally    16

Section 2.02

   Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication    16

Section 2.03

   Form of Face of Call Warrant    17

Section 2.04

   Form of Reverse of Call Warrant    20

Section 2.05

   Form of Face of Put Warrant    26

Section 2.06

   Form of Reverse of Put Warrant    29

Section 2.07

   Form of Legend for Global Securities    35
ARTICLE 3   
T HE S ECURITIES   

Section 3.01

   Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series    35

Section 3.02

   Denominations    38

Section 3.03

   Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating    38

Section 3.04

   Temporary Securities    39

Section 3.05

   Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange    40

Section 3.06

   Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities    44

Section 3.07

   Persons Deemed Owners    44

 

-iii-


Section 3.08

   Cancellation    45

Section 3.09

   CUSIP Numbers    45
ARTICLE 4   
S ATISFACTION AND D ISCHARGE   

Section 4.01

   Satisfaction and Discharge of Warrant Indenture    46

Section 4.02

   Application of Trust Money and Warrant Property    47
ARTICLE 5   
R EMEDIES   

Section 5.01

   Events of Default    47

Section 5.02

   Collection of Amounts Due and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee.    48

Section 5.03

   Trustee May File Proofs of Claim    49

Section 5.04

   Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities    50

Section 5.05

   Application of Money Collected    50

Section 5.06

   Limitation on Suits    51

Section 5.07

   Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Money or Warrant Property
Due With Respect to Securities and to Exercise
   52

Section 5.08

   Restoration of Rights and Remedies    52

Section 5.09

   Rights and Remedies Cumulative    52

Section 5.10

   Delay or Omission Not Waiver    52

Section 5.11

   Control by Holders    52

Section 5.12

   Waiver of Past Events of Default    53

Section 5.13

   Undertaking for Costs    53

Section 5.14

   Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws    54
ARTICLE 6   
T HE T RUSTEE   

Section 6.01

   Certain Duties and Responsibilities    54

Section 6.02

   Notice of Defaults    55

Section 6.03

   Certain Rights of Trustee    55

Section 6.04

   Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities    57

Section 6.05

   May Hold Securities    58

Section 6.06

   Money or Warrant Property Held in Trust    58

Section 6.07

   Compensation and Reimbursement    58

Section 6.08

   Disqualification; Conflicting Interests    59

Section 6.09

   Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility    59

Section 6.10

   Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor    59

Section 6.11

   Acceptance of Appointment by Successor    61

Section 6.12

   Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business    62

Section 6.13

   Preferential Collection of Claims    62

Section 6.14

   Trustee’s Application for Instructions from the Company    63

 

-iv-


ARTICLE 7   
H OLDERS ’ L ISTS AND R EPORTS BY T RUSTEE AND C OMPANY   

Section 7.01

   Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders    63

Section 7.02

   Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders    63

Section 7.03

   Reports by Trustee    64

Section 7.04

   Reports by Company    64
ARTICLE 8   
C ONSOLIDATION , M ERGER , C ONVEYANCE OR T RANSFER   

Section 8.01

   Company May Consolidate, etc. Only on Certain Terms    65

Section 8.02

   Successor Person Substituted    66

Section 8.03

   Assumption of Obligations    66
ARTICLE 9   
S UPPLEMENTAL I NDENTURES   

Section 9.01

   Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders    67

Section 9.02

   Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders    68

Section 9.03

   Execution of Supplemental Indentures    69

Section 9.04

   Effect of Supplemental Indentures    69

Section 9.05

   Conformity with Trust Indenture Act    70

Section 9.06

   Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures    70
ARTICLE 10   
C OVENANTS   

Section 10.01

   Payment or Delivery of Money or Warrant Property    70

Section 10.02

   Maintenance of Office or Agency    70

Section 10.03

   Money and Warrant Property for Securities Payments and Deliveries to Be Held in Trust    71

Section 10.04

   Corporate Existence    72

Section 10.05

   Statement as to Compliance    72
ARTICLE 11   
R EDEMPTION OF S ECURITIES   

Section 11.01

   Applicability of Article    72

Section 11.02

   Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee    73

Section 11.03

   Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed    73

Section 11.04

   Notice of Redemption    73

Section 11.05

   Deposit of Redemption Price    74

Section 11.06

   Securities Payable on Redemption Date    74

Section 11.07

   Securities Redeemed in Part    74

Section 11.08

   Optional Redemption Due to Changes in Tax Treatment    75

 

-v-


WARRANT INDENTURE, dated as of                 , 2009 between BARCLAYS BANK PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales (herein called the “Company”), having its registered office at 1 Churchill Place, London E14 5HP, England and THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, a New York banking corporation, as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”), having its Corporate Trust Office at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286.

RECITALS OF THE COMPANY

The Company has duly authorized the execution and delivery of this Warrant Indenture to provide for the issuance from time to time of its Universal Warrants, as hereinafter defined (herein called the “Securities” or the “Warrants”), to be issued in one or more series as in this Warrant Indenture provided.

All things necessary to make this Warrant Indenture a valid agreement of the Company, in accordance with its terms, have been done.

NOW, THEREFORE, THIS WARRANT INDENTURE WITNESSETH:

For and in consideration of the premises and the purchase of the Securities by the Holders thereof, it is mutually covenanted and agreed, for the equal and proportionate benefit of all Holders of Securities or of a series thereof as follows:

ARTICLE 1

D EFINITIONS AND O THER P ROVISIONS OF G ENERAL A PPLICATION

Section 1.01 Definitions . For all purposes of this Warrant Indenture, except as otherwise expressly provided or unless the context otherwise requires:

(a) the terms defined in this Article have the meanings assigned to them in this Article and include the plural as well as the singular;

(b) all other terms used herein which are defined in the Trust Indenture Act, either directly or by reference therein, have the meanings assigned to them therein;

(c) all accounting terms not otherwise defined herein have the meanings assigned to them in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and, except as otherwise herein expressly provided, the term “generally accepted accounting principles” with respect to any computation required or permitted hereunder shall mean such accounting principals as are generally accepted in the United Kingdom at the date of such computation and as applied by the Company;

 

-1-


(d) the words “herein,” “hereof” and “hereunder” and other words of similar import refer to this Warrant Indenture as a whole and not to any particular Article, Section or other subdivision; and

(e) when used with respect to any Security, the words “exercise” and “exercised” are intended to refer to the right of the Holder to exercise such Security and to sell or receive in exchange money, securities or other property in accordance with such terms as may hereafter be specified for such Security as contemplated by Section 3.01, and these words are not intended to refer to any right of the Holder to exchange such Security for other Securities of the same series and like tenor pursuant to Section 3.04, 3.05, 3.06 or 9.06 or another similar provision of this Warrant Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires; and references herein to the terms of any Security that may be exercised mean such terms as may be specified for such Security as contemplated in Section 3.01.

Certain terms, used principally in Article Six, are defined when first used.

Act ”, when used with respect to any Holder, has the meaning specified in Section 1.04.

Affiliate ” of any specified Person means any other Person directly or indirectly controlling or controlled by or under direct or indirect common control with such specified Person. For the purposes of this definition, “control” when used with respect to any specified Person means the power to direct the management and policies of such Person, directly or indirectly, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise; and the terms “controlling” and “controlled” have meanings correlative to the foregoing.

Authorized Newspaper ” means a newspaper in an official language of the country of publication customarily published at least once a day for at least five days in each calendar week and of general circulation in the place in connection with which the term is used, which, in the United Kingdom, will be The Financial Times of London, if practicable, and which, in the United States, will be The Wall Street Journal , if practicable, and if it shall be impracticable in the opinion of the Trustee to make any publication of any notice required hereby in any such newspaper, shall mean any publication or other notice in lieu thereof which is made or given with the approval of the Trustee.

Board of Directors ” means either the board of directors, or any committee of such board duly authorized to act with respect hereto, of the Company, which board of directors or committee may, to the extent permitted by applicable law, delegate its authority.

Board Resolution ” means a copy of a resolution certified by the Secretary or a Deputy or Assistant Secretary of the Company to have been duly adopted by the Board of Directors or such authorized persons or duly appointed person thereof and to be in full force and effect on the date of such certification and delivered to the Trustee.

 

-2-


Business Day ” means, with respect to any Place of Payment, except as may otherwise be provided in the form of Securities of any particular series, each Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday which is not a day on which banking institutions in London, England or in that Place of Payment are authorized or obligated by law or executive order to close.

Calculation Agent ” means the Person, if any, authorized by the Company to calculate amounts from time to time in relation to any series of Securities.

Call Warrants ” has the meaning specified in Section 3.01(e).

Commencement ”, in relation to the winding-up in England of the Company, means, in the case of a voluntary winding-up, the time of the passing of the winding-up resolution and, in the case of a compulsory winding-up, the time of the making by the court of the winding-up order or, where preceded by a voluntary winding-up, the time of the passing of the winding-up resolution and “commences”, in relation as aforesaid, shall be construed accordingly.

Commission ” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission, as from time to time constituted, created under the Exchange Act, or, if at any time after the execution of this instrument such Commission is not existing and performing the duties now assigned to it under the Trust Indenture Act, then the body performing such duties at such time.

Company ” means the Person named as the “Company” in the first paragraph of this Warrant Indenture until a successor corporation shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Warrant Indenture, and thereafter “Company” shall mean such successor corporation.

Company Order ” and “ Company Request ” mean, respectively, a written order or request signed in the name of the Company by an Executive Director, Senior Executive (or officer with similar title or status), the Secretary, a Deputy Secretary, Assistant Secretary, the Group Treasurer, a Senior Director or Director within Capital Planning or Group Financial Controller (or officer with similar title and status), and delivered to the Trustee.

Corporate Trust Office ” means the office of the Trustee in which its corporate trust business is principally administered, located at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, Fax No. (212) 815-5915, with a copy to: BNY Corporate Trustee Services Limited, One Canada Square, London E14 5AL, Attention: Corporate Trustee Administration, Fax No. +44 20 7964 2536 and The Bank of New York Mellon, One Canada Square, London E14 5AL, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration, Fax No. +44 20 7964 2536, or such other address as the Trustee

 

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may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company, or the principal corporate trust office of any successor Trustee (or such other address as such successor Trustee may designate from time to time by notice to the Holders and the Company).

The term “ corporation ” includes corporations, associations, joint-stock companies and business trusts.

Depositary ” means, with respect to Securities of any series issuable or issued in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities, a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act that is designated to act as Depositary for such Securities as contemplated by Section 3.01.

Dollar ” or “ $ ” or any similar reference means the coin or currency of the United States of America as at the time of payment is legal tender for the payment of public and private debts.

Event of Default ” has the meaning specified in Section 5.01.

Exchange Act ” means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, at the date as of which this instrument was executed; provided , however , that in the event the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is amended after such date, “Exchange Act” means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as so amended.

Expiration Date ”, when used with respect to Securities of any series, means the date on which the right to exercise the Securities of such series shall expire.

Final Date ” has the meaning specified in Section 1.04.

Financial Services Authority ” means the United Kingdom Financial Services Authority or, if applicable, any successor body or agency for the time being charged with the discharge of banking supervision functions in the United Kingdom.

Global Security ” means (i) with respect to Securities issued in bearer form, a global security in bearer form evidencing all or a part of a series of Securities, authenticated and delivered to the Depositary for such series and (ii) with respect to Securities issued in registered form, a global certificate evidencing all or part of a series of Securities, authenticated and delivered to the Depositary and registered in the name of the Depositary or its nominee.

Holder ” means a Person who shall at the time be the bearer of any bearer Security in global or definitive form or in whose name a registered Security in global or definitive form is registered in the Security Register.

 

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Notice of Default ” means a written notice of the kind specified in Section 5.06(a).

Officer’s Certificate ” means a certificate delivered to the Trustee and signed by any Executive Director or a Senior Executive (or other officer of similar title or status) or the Secretary or a Deputy or Assistant Secretary or the Group Treasurer or a Senior Director or Director within Capital Planning or Group Financial Controller or any other person (with similar title and status) duly appointed by the Board of Directors.

Opinion of Counsel ” means a written opinion of counsel, who may be counsel for or an employee of the Company or an affiliate of the Company, and which opinion shall be reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

Outstanding ”, when used with respect to Securities or any series of Securities means, as of the date of determination, all Securities or all Securities of such series, as the case may be, theretofore authenticated and delivered under this Warrant Indenture, except :

(i) Securities theretofore cancelled by the Trustee or delivered to the Trustee for cancellation;

(ii) Securities for whose payment, redemption or settlement money or any Warrant Property in the necessary amount has been theretofore deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent (other than the Company) in trust or set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of such Securities, provided that, if such Securities are to be redeemed, notice of such redemption has been duly given pursuant to this Warrant Indenture or provisions therefor satisfactory to the Trustee has been made;

(iii) Securities which have been paid pursuant to Section 11.06 or in exchange for or in lieu of which other Securities have been authenticated and delivered pursuant to this Warrant Indenture, other than any such Securities in respect of which there shall have been presented to the Trustee proof satisfactory to it that such Securities are held by a bona fide purchaser in whose hands such Securities are valid obligations of the Company; and

(iv) Securities as to which any money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable upon exercise thereof has been paid or delivered (or such payment or delivery has been duly provided for), or as to which any other particular conditions have been satisfied, in each case as may be provided for such Securities as contemplated in Section 3.01;

provided , however , that in determining whether the Holders of the requisite number of Outstanding Warrants have given, made or taken any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver hereunder, (i) the number of Securities that are

 

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Outstanding at any time shall equal the number of Warrants that are evidenced by such Securities and are Outstanding at such time, even though more than one such Warrant may be evidenced by a single Security; and (ii) Securities beneficially owned by the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor shall be disregarded and deemed not to be Outstanding except that, in determining whether the Trustee shall be protected in relying upon any such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent or waiver, only Securities which the Trustee actually knows to be so beneficially owned shall be so disregarded; provided further , however , that Securities so beneficially owned which have been pledged in good faith may be regarded as Outstanding if the pledgee establishes to the satisfaction of the Trustee the pledgee’s right so to act with respect to such Securities and that the pledgee is not the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities or any Affiliate of the Company or of such other obligor.

For purposes of this definition, the term “Security” may refer to a particular Warrant or to a certificate (in global or non-global form) evidencing more than one Warrant, as the context may require.

Paying Agent ” means any Person (which may include the Company) authorized by the Company to pay or deliver any money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable on behalf of the Company upon exercise or redemption of such Securities and includes any warrant agent appointed by the Company with respect to such series.

Payment or Settlement Date ”, when used with respect to any Security, means the date when any money or Warrant Property with respect to such Security becomes payable or deliverable upon exercise or redemption of such Security in accordance with its terms.

Person ” means any individual, corporation, partnership, joint venture, association, joint-stock company, trust, unincorporated organization or government or any agency or political subdivision thereof.

Place of Payment ”, when used with respect to the Securities of any series, means the place or places where any money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable upon exercise or redemption of such Securities is payable or deliverable as specified pursuant to Section 3.01 or, if not so specified, as specified in Section 10.02.

Predecessor Security ” of any particular Security means every previous Security evidencing all or a portion of the same contractual obligation as that evidenced by such particular Security; and, for the purposes of this definition, any Security authenticated and delivered under Section 3.06 in exchange for or in lieu of a mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be deemed to evidence the same contractual obligation as the mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security.

Put Warrants ” has the meaning specified in Section 3.01(e).

 

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Redemption Date ”, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the date fixed for such redemption by or pursuant to this Warrant Indenture.

Redemption Price ”, when used with respect to any Security to be redeemed, means the price at which it is to be redeemed pursuant to this Warrant Indenture.

Responsible Officer ”, when used with respect to the Trustee, means any vice president, any assistant vice president, any assistant treasurer or any other officer associated with the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee customarily performing functions similar to those performed by any of the above designated officers, in each case that has direct responsibility for administering this Warrant Indenture, or, with respect to a particular corporate trust matter, any other officer to whom such matter is referred because of his or her knowledge of and familiarity with the particular subject.

Securities ” has the meaning set forth in the recitals of the Company herein and more particularly means any Securities authenticated and delivered under this Warrant Indenture. The term “Security” has the same meaning as the term “Warrant”, except that a Security may evidence more than one Warrant. Consequently, the term “Security” may refer to a particular Warrant or to a Security (in global or non-global form) evidencing more than one Warrant, as the context may require. When “Security” is used herein to refer to a Security evidencing more than one Warrant, the term means all the Warrants evidenced by such Security, and such reference shall not be deemed to affect the number of such Warrants then Outstanding or the terms of any such Warrant, including the amount of cash or Warrant Property, or the exercise price, payable or deliverable in respect of any such Warrant.

Securities Act ” means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and any statute successor thereto, in each case as amended from time to time.

Security Register ” and “ Security Registrar ” have the respective meanings specified in Section 3.05.

Subsidiary ” has the meaning attributed thereto by Section 736 of the Companies Act 1985 of Great Britain.

Taxes ” means income, stamp and other taxes, levies, imposts, duties, charges, fees, deductions or withholdings.

Taxing Jurisdiction ” means the United Kingdom or any political subdivision or authority thereof or therein having the power to tax.

Trustee ” means the Person named as the “Trustee” in the first paragraph of this instrument until a successor trustee shall have become such pursuant to the applicable provisions of this Warrant Indenture, and thereafter “Trustee” shall mean the Person who is then the Trustee hereunder, and if at any time there is more than one such Person, “Trustee” shall mean and include each such Person; and “Trustee” as used with respect to the Securities of any series shall mean the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

 

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Trust Indenture Act ” means the United States Trust Indenture Act of 1939, as in force at the date as of which this instrument was executed, provided , however , that in the event the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 is amended after such date, “Trust Indenture Act” means, to the extent required by any such amendment, the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 as so amended.

United Kingdom ” means the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

United States of America ” means the United States of America and, except in the case of Sections 6.09 and 6.14, its territories and possessions.

Vice President ”, when used with respect to the Trustee, means any vice president, whether or not designated by a number or a word or words added before or after the title “vice president”.

Warrants ” or “ Universal Warrants ” means warrants, issued by the Company and authenticated and delivered under this Warrant Indenture, to purchase or sell, or whose cash value is determined by reference to or is linked to the performance, level or value of, one or more of the following: (i) securities of one or more issuers, including the preferred stock or other securities of the Company or debt or equity securities of third parties, (ii) one or more currencies (including cash in one or more currencies), (iii) one or more commodities, (iv) any other financial, economic or other measure or instrument (including the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event or circumstance) and/or (v) one or more indices or baskets of the items described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv).

Warrant Indenture ” or “ Indenture ” means this instrument as originally executed or as it may from time to time be supplemented or amended by one or more indentures supplemental hereto entered into pursuant to the applicable provisions hereof and shall include the terms and forms of particular series of Securities established pursuant to Section 3.01.

Warrant Property ”, when used with respect to a Security, means such of the property described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv) of the definition of Warrants as may be purchased or sold pursuant to such Security or by reference to which or to which the cash value of such Warrant is to be determined or is linked.

Section 1.02 Compliance Certificates and Opinions . Upon any application or request by the Company to the Trustee to take any action under any provision of this Warrant Indenture, the Company shall furnish to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate stating that all conditions precedent, if any, provided for in this Warrant Indenture relating to the proposed action have been complied with and an Opinion of Counsel stating that in the opinion of the legal advisor rendering such opinion

 

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all such conditions precedent, if any, have been complied with, except that in the case of any such application or request as to which the furnishing of such documents is specifically required by any provision of this Warrant Indenture relating to such particular application or request, no additional certificate or opinion need be furnished.

Every certificate or opinion with respect to compliance with a condition or covenant provided for in this Warrant Indenture shall include:

(a) a statement that each Person signing such certificate or opinion has read such covenant or condition and the definitions herein relating thereto;

(b) a brief statement as to the nature and scope of the examination or investigation upon which the statements or opinions contained in such certificate or opinion are based;

(c) a statement that, in the opinion of each such Person, he has made such examination or investigation as is necessary to enable him to express an informed opinion as to whether or not such covenant or condition has been complied with; and

(d) a statement as to whether, in the opinion of each such Person, such condition or covenant has been complied with.

Section 1.03 Form of Documents Delivered to Trustee . In any case where several matters are required to be certified by, or covered by an opinion of, any specified Person, it is not necessary that all such matters be certified by, or covered by the opinion of, only one such Person, or that they be so certified or covered by only one document, but one such Person may certify or give an opinion with respect to some matters and one or more other such Persons as to other matters, and any such Person may certify or give an opinion as to such matters in one or several documents.

Any certificate or opinion of an officer of the Company may be based, insofar as it relates to legal matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, legal advisors, unless such officer knows, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representations with respect to the matters upon which his certificate or opinion is based are erroneous. Any such certificate or opinion of, or representations by, legal advisors may be based, insofar as it relates to factual matters, upon a certificate or opinion of, or representations by, an officer or officers of the Company stating that the information with respect to such factual matters is in the possession of the Company, unless such legal advisors know, or in the exercise of reasonable care should know, that the certificate or opinion or representation with respect to such matters is erroneous.

Where any Person is required to make, give or execute two or more applications, requests, consents, certificates, statements, opinions or other instruments under this Warrant Indenture, they may, but need not, be consolidated and form one instrument.

 

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Section 1.04 Acts of Holders . (a) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other action provided or permitted by this Warrant Indenture to be given, made or taken by Holders may be embodied in and evidenced by one or more instruments of substantially similar tenor signed by such Holders in person or by an agent duly appointed in writing; and, except as herein otherwise expressly provided, such action shall become effective when such instrument or instruments are delivered to the Trustee and, when it is hereby expressly required, to the Company. Such instrument or instruments (and the action embodied therein and evidenced thereby) are herein sometimes referred to as the “Act” of the Holders signing such instrument or instruments. Proof of execution of any such instrument or of a writing appointing any such agent shall be sufficient for any purpose of this Warrant Indenture and (subject to Section 6.01) conclusive in favor of the Trustee and the Company, if made in the manner provided in this Section.

(b) The fact and date of the execution by any Person of any such instrument or writing may be proved by the affidavit of a witness of such execution or by a certificate of a notary public or other officer authorized by law to take acknowledgments of deeds, certifying that the individual signing such instrument or writing acknowledged to him the execution thereof. When such execution is by a signer acting in a capacity other than his individual capacity, such certificate or affidavit shall also constitute sufficient proof of his authority. The fact and date of the execution of any such instrument or writing, or the authority of the Person executing the same, may also be proved in any other manner which the Trustee deems sufficient.

(c) If the Company shall solicit from the Holders of Securities of any series any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, the Company may, at its option, by Board Resolution or other means, fix in advance a record date for purposes of determining the identity of Holders of registered Securities entitled to give such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, but the Company shall have no obligation to do so. Any such record date shall be fixed at the Company’s discretion; provided , however , that the Company may not set a record date for, and the provisions of this Section 1.04(c) shall not apply with respect to, the giving or making of any notice, declaration, request or direction referred to in Section 1.04(d). If such a record date is fixed, such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent and waiver or other Act may be sought or given before or after the record date, but only the Holders of registered Securities of record at the close of business on such record date shall be deemed to be Holders of registered Securities for the purpose of determining whether Holders of the requisite proportion of Securities of such series Outstanding have authorized or agreed or consented to such request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act, and for that purpose the registered Securities of such series Outstanding shall be computed as of such record date.

 

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(d) Upon receipt by the Trustee from any Holder of Securities of a particular series of (i) any notice of default or breach referred to in Section 5.01 with respect to Securities of such series, if such default or breach has occurred and is continuing and the Trustee shall not have given such notice to the Company, or (ii) any direction referred to in Section 5.12 with respect to Securities of such series, if the Trustee shall not have taken the action specified in such direction, then the Trustee may set a record date for determining the Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series entitled to join in such notice, declaration, or direction. The Trustee will notify the Company and the Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series of any such record date so fixed. The Holders of Outstanding Securities of such series on such record date, and no other Holders, shall be entitled to join in such notice, declaration, request or direction, whether or not such Holders remain Holders after such record date.

(e) The ownership of registered Securities shall be proved by the Security Register.

(f) The ownership of a bearer Security, and the amount and serial number of such Security and the date of holding the same, may be proved by the production of such Security or by a certificate executed by any trust company, bank, banker or securities dealer satisfactory to the Trustee if such certificate shall be deemed by the Trustee to be satisfactory. Each such certificate shall be dated and shall state that on the date thereof a bearer Security of a particular series of a specified amount and bearing a specified serial number was deposited with or exhibited to such trust company, bank, banker or securities dealer by the Person named in such certificate. Any such certificate may be issued in respect of one or more Securities specified therein. The holding by the Person named in any such certificate of any Security specified therein shall be presumed to continue for a period of one year from the date of such certificate unless at the time of any determination of such holding (i) another certificate bearing the same or a later date issued in respect of the same Security shall be produced, or (ii) the Security specified in such certificate shall be produced by some other Person, or (iii) the Security specified in such certificate shall have ceased to be Outstanding.

(g) With respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the party hereto which sets such record dates may designate any day as the “Final Date” and from time to time may change the Final Date to any earlier or later day; provided that no such change shall be effective unless notice of the proposed new Final Date is given to the other party hereto in writing, and to each Holder of Securities of the relevant series in the manner set forth in Section 1.06, on or prior to the existing Final Date. If a Final Date is not designated with respect to any record date set pursuant to this Section, the party hereto which set such record date shall be deemed to have initially designated the 180th day after such record date as the Final Date with respect thereto, subject to its right to change the Final Date as provided in this paragraph. Notwithstanding the foregoing no Final Date shall be later than the 180th day after the applicable record date.

 

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(h) Without limiting the foregoing, a Holder entitled hereunder to take any action hereunder with regard to any particular Warrants may do so with regard to all or any lesser number of such Warrants or by one or more duly appointed agents each of which may do so pursuant to such appointment with regard to all or any lesser number of such Warrants.

(i) Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or other Act of the Holder of any Security shall bind every future Holder of the same Security and the Holder of every Security issued upon the registration of transfer thereof or in exchange therefor or in lieu thereof in respect of anything done, omitted or suffered to be done by the Trustee or the Company in reliance thereon, whether or not notation of such action is made upon such Security or such other Security.

Section 1.05 Notices, etc. to Trustee and Company . Any request, demand, authorization, direction, notice, consent, waiver or Act of Holders or other document provided or permitted by this Warrant Indenture to be made upon, given or furnished to, or filed with,

(a) the Trustee by any Holder or by the Company shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if made, given, furnished or filed in writing (including by fax) to the Trustee at its Corporate Trust Office, Attention: Corporate Trust Administration–Global Finance Unit and shall be effective when actually received by the Trustee, or

(b) the Company by the Trustee or by any Holder shall be sufficient for every purpose hereunder (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) if in writing and (i) mailed, first-class postage prepaid, addressed to it at the address of its registered office specified in the first paragraph of this Warrant Indenture (unless another address has been previously furnished in writing to the Trustee by the Company, in which case at the last such address) marked “Attention: Company Secretary”, or (ii) faxed to it at Fax No. +44 145 263 8157.

Section 1.06 Notice to Holders; Waiver . When this Warrant Indenture provides for notice to Holders of any event, such notice shall be sufficiently given (unless otherwise herein expressly provided) (a) with respect to Global Securities in bearer form, if in writing and delivered or mailed, first-class postage prepaid, to the Holder at the address previously furnished in writing by the Holder to the Trustee and the Company, and (b) if Outstanding bearer definitive Securities are affected by such event, published at least once in an Authorized Newspaper in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, and otherwise as may be required by the terms thereof, and (c) if Outstanding registered Securities are affected, if given in writing and mailed, first-class postage

 

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prepaid, to each Holder of a registered Security affected by such event in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 313(c) of the Trust Indenture Act with respect to reports pursuant to Section 7.03(a) of this Warrant Indenture, not later than the latest date, and not earlier than the earliest date, prescribed for the giving of such notice.

Any notice published pursuant to clause (b) of the preceding paragraph shall be deemed to have been given on the date of such publication or, if published more than once, on the date of the first publication. If publication is not practicable, notice will be valid if given in such other manner, and shall be deemed to have been given on such date, as the Company shall determine. For so long as the Securities of any series are represented by Global Securities, the Company will deliver a copy of all notices with respect to such series to the Depositary for such Security (or its designee).

When notice to Holders of registered Securities is given by mail, neither the failure to mail such notice, nor any defect in any notice so mailed, to any particular Holder shall affect the sufficiency of such notice with respect to other Holders. Where this Warrant Indenture provides for notice in any manner, such notice may be waived in writing by the Person entitled to receive such notice, either before or after the event, and such waiver shall be the equivalent of such notice. Waivers of notice by Holders shall be filed with the Trustee, but such filing shall not be a condition precedent to the validity of any action taken in reliance upon such waiver. In case by reason of the suspension of regular mail service or by reason of any other cause it shall be impracticable to give such notice by mail, then such notification as shall be made with the approval of the Trustee shall constitute a sufficient notification for every purpose hereunder.

Section 1.07 Conflict with Trust Indenture Act . If any provision hereof limits, qualifies or conflicts with a provision of the Trust Indenture Act that is required under such Act to be a part of and govern this Indenture, the latter provision shall control. If any provision of this Indenture modifies or excludes any provision of the Trust Indenture Act that may be so modified or excluded, the latter provision shall be deemed to apply to this Indenture as so modified or to be excluded, as the case may be. If at any future time any provision required to be included herein by the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date as of which this Warrant Indenture was executed or any limitation imposed by the Trust Indenture Act at such date on any provision otherwise included herein would not be so required or imposed (in whole or in part) if this Warrant Indenture were executed at such future time, the Company and the Trustee may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto pursuant to Section 9.01 to change or eliminate (in whole or in part) such provision or limitation of this Warrant Indenture in conformity with the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in force, except that (subject to Article Nine) no provision or limitation required to be included herein by Sections 310(a)(1) and (a)(2), 315(a), (c), (d)(1), (d)(2), (d)(3) and (e), 316(a)(1)(A), (a)(1)(B), (a)(2), (a) (last sentence) and (b) of the Trust Indenture Act as in force at the date as of which this Warrant Indenture was executed may be so changed or eliminated.

 

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Section 1.08 Effect of Headings and Table of Contents . The Article and Section headings herein and the Table of Contents are for convenience only and shall not affect the construction hereof.

Section 1.09 Successors and Assigns . All covenants and agreements in this Warrant Indenture by the Company shall bind its successors and assigns, whether so expressed or not.

Section 1.10 Separability Clause . In case any provision in this Warrant Indenture or in the Securities shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

Section 1.11 Benefits of Warrant Indenture . Nothing in this Warrant Indenture or in the Securities, express or implied, shall give to any Person, other than the parties hereto and their successors hereunder, and the Holders of Securities, any benefit or any legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under this Warrant Indenture.

Section 1.12 Characterization of Warrants . By executing this Indenture, the Company intends that the characterization, for accounting and other purposes, of the Universal Warrants as indebtedness or debt for borrowed money, or as any other type of obligation which is not indebtedness or debt for borrowed money, shall not be affected solely by the fact that the Universal Warrants have been issued under an indenture, as opposed to any other instrument, or solely as a result of any of the terms and definitions used hereunder with respect to Universal Warrants.

Section 1.13 Governing Law . This Warrant Indenture and the Securities shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York without giving effect to the principles of conflicts of laws of that State, except that the authorization and execution of this Warrant Indenture and the Securities shall be governed (in addition to the laws of the State of New York relevant to execution) by the respective jurisdictions of organization of the Company and the Trustee, as the case may be.

Section 1.14 Saturdays, Sundays and Legal Holidays . The terms of the Securities shall provide that, in any case where any Payment or Settlement Date or Redemption Date of a Security, or any date on which a Holder of any Security has the right to exercise such Security, shall not be a Business Day at any Place of Payment, then (notwithstanding any other provision of this Warrant Indenture or the Securities other than a provision in the Securities that specifically states that such provision shall apply in lieu of this Section) payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable with respect to such Security, or exercise of such Security, need not be made at such Place of Payment on such date, but may be made on the next succeeding Business Day at such Place of Payment (or such other Business Day as shall be provided in such Security) with the same force and effect as if made on such Payment or Settlement Date

 

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or Redemption Date, or on such date for exercise, as the case may be and provided , that if such next succeeding Business Day at any Place of Payment would fall in the succeeding Financial Year (as defined by reference to Section 223 of the Companies Act 1985 of Great Britain) of the Company, payment may be made in full on the immediately preceding Business Day at such Place of Payment with the same force and effect as if made on the Payment or Settlement Date or Redemption Date, or such date for exercise, as the case may be.

Section 1.15 Appointment of Agent for Service; Submission to Jurisdiction and Venue . By the execution and delivery of this Indenture, the Company hereby designates Barclays Bank PLC, 200 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10166, Attention: General Counsel as its authorized agent upon which process may be served in any suit or proceeding in any Federal or State court in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York arising out of or relating to the Securities or this Warrant Indenture, but for that purpose only, and agrees that service of process upon said agent shall be deemed in every respect effective service of process upon it in any such suit or proceeding in any Federal or State court in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York. Such appointment shall be irrevocable so long as any of the Securities remain Outstanding until the appointment of a successor by the Company and such successor’s acceptance of such appointment. Upon such acceptance, the Company shall notify the Trustee of the name and address of such successor. The Company further agrees to take any and all action, including the execution and filing of any and all such documents and instruments, as may be necessary to continue such designation and appointment of said agent in full force and effect so long as any of the Securities shall be Outstanding. The Trustee shall not be obligated and shall have no responsibility with respect to any failure by the Company to take any such action. The Company hereby submits (for the purposes of any such suit or proceeding) to the jurisdiction of any such court in which any such suit or proceeding is so instituted, waives, to the extent it may effectively do so, any objection it may have now or hereafter to the laying of the venue of any such suit or proceeding and irrevocably and unconditionally waives and agrees not to plead or claim in any such court that any such suit or proceeding has been brought in an inconvenient forum.

Section 1.16 Calculation Agent . If the Company appoints a Calculation Agent pursuant to Section 3.01 with respect to any series of Securities, or other amounts in relation to, such series of Securities in accordance with the terms of such series of Securities by such Calculation Agent shall (in the absence of manifest error) be binding on the Company, the Trustee and all Holders and (in the absence of manifest error) no liability to the Holders shall attach to the Calculation Agent in connection with the exercise or non-exercise by it of its powers, duties and discretions.

Section 1.17 Waiver of Jury Trial . EACH OF THE COMPANY AND THE TRUSTEE HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATING TO THIS INDENTURE, THE SECURITIES OR THE TRANSACTION CONTEMPLATED HEREBY.

 

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ARTICLE 2

S ECURITY F ORMS

Section 2.01 Forms Generally . The Securities of each series shall be in such forms as shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution, or in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, pursuant to Section 3.01, in each case with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Warrant Indenture, and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification and such legends or endorsements placed thereon as may be required to comply with any applicable law or rule or regulation made pursuant thereto or with the rules of any securities exchange or as may, consistently herewith, be determined by the officers executing such Securities all as evidenced by any such execution.

The Trustee’s certificates of authentication shall be in substantially the form set forth in Section 2.02 or Section 6.14.

The definitive Securities shall be printed, lithographed or engraved or produced by any combination of these methods or may be produced in any other manner permitted by the rules of any securities exchange on which the Securities may be listed, all as determined by the officers executing such Securities, as evidenced by their execution thereof.

Section 2.02 Form of Trustee’s Certificate of Authentication . The Trustee’s certificate of authentication shall be in substantially the following form:

CERTIFICATE OF AUTHENTICATION

This is one of the Securities of the series designated herein referred to in the within-mentioned Warrant Indenture.

Dated:                     

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON, as Trustee
By:  

 

  Authorized Signatory

 

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Section 2.03 Form of Face of Call Warrant .

[Insert any legend required by the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder.]

THE PERSON MAKING THE DECISION TO ACQUIRE THIS SECURITY SHALL BE DEEMED, BY ACQUIRING AND HOLDING THIS SECURITY ON BEHALF OF ITSELF OR ANY OTHER PERSON, OR EXERCISING ANY RIGHTS RELATED THERETO ON BEHALF OF ITSELF OR ANY OTHER PERSON, TO REPRESENT AND WARRANT (WHICH REPRESENTATION WILL BE DEEMED TO BE REPEATED ON EACH DATE ON WHICH THIS SECURITY IS HELD BY SUCH PURCHASER) EITHER THAT:

(a) THE FUNDS THAT THE HOLDER IS USING TO ACQUIRE AND HOLD THIS SECURITY ARE NOT THE ASSETS OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), A PLAN DESCRIBED IN SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE “PLAN ASSETS” BY REASON OF DEPARTMENT OF LABOR REGULATION SECTION 2510.3-101 OR OTHERWISE OR A GOVERNMENTAL PLAN THAT IS SUBJECT TO ANY FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL LAW THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 406 OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (COLLECTIVELY, A “PLAN”); OR

(b) THE FUNDS THAT THE HOLDER IS USING TO ACQUIRE AND HOLD THIS SECURITY ARE THE ASSETS OF A PLAN AND THE PURCHASE, HOLDING AND DISPOSITION OF THIS SECURITY AND EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHTS RELATED HERETO WILL NOT RESULT IN A NON-EXEMPT PROHIBITED TRANSACTION UNDER SECTION 406 OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (OR WITH RESPECT TO A GOVERNMENTAL PLAN, ANY SIMILAR APPLICABLE LAW OR REGULATION).

Barclays Bank PLC

WARRANT SERIES:                                         

 

No.                                 

   CUSIP No.                                 

NUMBER OF WARRANTS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE: [ If Security is a Global Security, insert — Up to                  ]

[NOTIONAL AMOUNT PER WARRANT:]

WARRANT PROPERTY:

 

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AMOUNT OF WARRANT PROPERTY PER WARRANT:

EXERCISE PRICE PER WARRANT:

FORM OF PAYMENT OF EXERCISE PRICE:

FORM OF SETTLEMENT:

DATES OF EXERCISE:

OTHER TERMS:

This certificate certifies that                                      , or registered assigns, is the Holder of the number of [ If Security is not a Global Security, insert — specified above] [ If Security is a Global Security, insert — specified from time to time on Schedule A hereto] of Warrants of the series specified above (the “Specified Warrants”), which number of Specified Warrants are evidenced by this Security. Upon receipt by the Trustee of [ If Security is not a Global Security, insert — this certificate,] the exercise notice on the reverse hereof (or an exercise notice in substantially identical form delivered herewith) (the “Exercise Notice”), duly completed and executed, and the Exercise Price per Warrant set forth above, in the form set forth above, for each Specified Warrant to be exercised (the “Exercise Property”) at the Place of Payment, each Specified Warrant evidenced hereby and so exercised entitles the Holder hereof to receive, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Indenture referred to below, from Barclays Bank PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales (herein called the “Company”, which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture), the form and amount of Warrant Property specified above under “Warrant Property” and “Amount of Warrant Property Per Warrant”, respectively [ If applicable, insert — , or, at the Company’s option, money in an amount equal to the value of such Warrant Property, determined as provided below,] on the                      Business Day after the exercise of such Specified Warrant becomes effective. No interest shall accrue or be payable on this Security. [ If applicable, insert — The amount of Warrant Property [or money] so deliverable [or payable] by the Company in respect of each Specified Warrant shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the terms hereof[, and may differ from the notional amount specified above].]

The exercise of any Specified Warrant evidenced hereby shall become effective only on the day provided in the Exercise Notice. Specified Warrants will not entitle the Holders thereof to any of the rights of the holders of any of the Warrant Property. No payment of money or delivery of Warrant Property shall be due in respect of the exercise of any Specified Warrant evidenced hereby unless the Exercise Property for such Specified Warrant (together with all other required items) has been tendered for payment or delivered in accordance with the provisions of this Security and the Indenture. No interest shall accrue or be payable on any Specified Warrant.

As indicated on the reverse hereof, the Specified Warrants are herein sometimes also called “Warrants” or “Securities”. References herein to “this Security” mean the Specified Warrants evidenced by this certificate.

 

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[ If applicable, insert — The Company may elect, in its sole discretion without notice to the Holder, to pay money in an amount equal to the value of the Warrant Property otherwise deliverable upon any exercise of a Specified Warrant evidenced hereby, in lieu of delivering such Warrant Property. If the Company so elects, the value of the Warrant Property shall be determined by the Calculation Agent by [ insert description of method of calculation ].]

Any payment of money due on this Security will be made at the office or agency maintained for that purpose in New York, New York, in such coin or currency of the United States of America as is legal tender for payment of public or private debts, against surrender of this Security in the case of any payment due on the Payment or Settlement Date. [If applicable, insert alternative or additional payment mechanics, e.g., for delivery of Warrant Property other than cash, payment by wire transfer or payment in non-U.S. Dollars.]

[ If applicable, insert — As used herein, the “Calculation Agent” shall initially mean [•]. The Calculation Agent will be solely responsible for all determinations and calculations regarding [insert relevant items]; and all such other matters as may be specified elsewhere herein as matters to be determined by the Calculation Agent. The Calculation Agent shall make all such determinations and calculations in its sole discretion, and absent manifest error all determinations and calculations made by the Calculation Agent shall be final and binding on the Company, the Holder and all other Persons having an interest in this Security, without liability on the part of the Calculation Agent.]

Terms used and defined in this Security (including those appearing before the first paragraph hereof) shall have the meanings assigned to them herein.

All other terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. As used in this Security, the terms “herein”, “hereof”, “hereunder” and the like refer to all of the provisions set forth on the face and the reverse of this Security, including the form of Exercise Notice [ If applicable, insert — and Schedule A], taken as a whole, and not to any particular part of this Security.

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

Dated:                     

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

Section 2.04 Form of Reverse of Call Warrant . This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the “Securities” or “Warrants”), issued and to be issued in one or more series under a Warrant Indenture, dated as of             , 2009 (herein called the “Indenture”, which term shall have the meaning assigned to it in such instrument), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”, which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the Indenture for a statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. Each of the Specified Warrants evidenced by this Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof [ if applicable, insert — , initially limited in number to Specified Warrants] [ if applicable, insert — , which number may be increased at the option of the Company if in the future it determines that it may wish to issue additional Warrants of this series]. References herein to “this series” mean the series of Warrants designated on the face hereof.

[ If applicable, insert — The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than              days’ nor more than              days’ notice, at any time [ if applicable, insert — on or after                      , 20          ], as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following redemption prices:              ]

The Warrants are unsecured contractual obligations of the Company and rank pari passu with the Company’s other unsecured contractual obligations and with the Company’s unsecured and unsubordinated debt.

Subject to the provisions hereof and the Indenture, all or any of the Warrants evidenced by this certificate may be exercised on any of the dates of exercise set forth on the face hereof by delivering or causing to be delivered this Security, the Exercise Notice, duly completed and executed, and the Exercise Property for each such Warrant to the Corporate Trust Office, in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, which is, on the date hereof (unless otherwise specified herein), The Bank of New York Mellon,

 

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101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286, Attention: Tender Department, or at such other address as the Trustee may specify from time to time, with a copy of the Exercise Notice, duly completed and executed, to the Calculation Agent,                      , Attention:                                           .

Each Warrant entitles the Holder thereof to receive, upon exercise, the Warrant Property set forth on the face hereof or money as provided for herein.

[ If the Security is subject to redemption of any kind, insert — In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities of this series for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.]

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in number of the Warrants at the time Outstanding of all series to be affected (voting as a class). The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in number of the Warrants at the time Outstanding of any series to be affected under the Indenture (with each such series considered separately for this purpose), on behalf of the Holders of all Warrants of such series, to waive certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder of this Security shall not have the right to institute any proceeding with respect to the Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy thereunder, unless such Holder shall have previously given the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of this series, the Holders of not less than 25% in number of the Warrants of this series at the time Outstanding shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default as Trustee and offered the Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it, and the Trustee shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in number of the Warrants of this series at the time Outstanding a direction inconsistent with such request, and shall have failed to institute any such proceeding, for 60 days after receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, and, in case of the Company’s winding-up in England, such legal action or proceeding shall be in the name and on behalf of the Trustee to the same extent, but no further, as the Trustee would have been entitled to do.

Neither the Trustee nor the Holder shall be entitled, whether by reason of a default or otherwise, to demand or accelerate the payment or delivery of any money or

 

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Warrant Property by the Company in respect of this Security at any time before such payment or delivery is otherwise due in accordance with the terms of this Security (including pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture), or to demand any payment or delivery of property or money in respect of this Security other than such payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property when due.

The Company shall not be required to pay any stamp or other tax or other governmental charge required to be paid in connection with any transfer involved in any issue or delivery of Warrant Property; and if any such transfer is involved, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any Warrant Property until such tax or other charge shall have been paid or it has been established to the Company’s satisfaction that no such tax or other charge is due.

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay or deliver the money or Warrant Property due with respect to this Security at the time and place herein prescribed.

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any Place of Payment with respect to this Security, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series and of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same number of Warrants, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form in denominations of              Specified Warrants and any multiple thereof. The fact that a Security (whether in global or non-global form) evidences more than one Warrant shall not affect the number of such Warrants then Outstanding or the terms of any such Warrant, including the amount of Warrant Property payable or deliverable in respect of each such Warrant. For the purpose of determining the number of Securities of this series that are Outstanding at any time, such number shall equal the number of Specified Warrants then Outstanding, regardless of the number of Specified Warrants evidenced by any particular Security. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like number of Securities of this series and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

 

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Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not any payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property with respect to this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

[ If applicable, insert —This Security is a Global Security and is subject to the provisions of the Indenture relating to Global Securities, including the limitations in Section 3.05 thereof on transfers and exchanges of Global Securities.]

This Security and the Indenture shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

[Designation of Universal Warrants]

Exercise Notice

The Bank of New York Mellon

101 Barclay Street,

Corporate Trust Administration

New York, New York 10286

Attn: Corporate Trust Administration

Fax: (212) 815-5915

with a copy to:

BNY Corporate Trustee Services Limited

One Canada Square,

London E14 5AL

Attn: Trustee Administration Manager

Fax: +44 20 7964 2536

The Bank of New York Mellon

One Canada Square,

London E14 5AL

Attn: Corporate Trust Administration

Fax No. +44 20 7964 2536

[Insert name and address of Calculation Agent.]

Attn:                                         

Tel.:                                          

Fax:                                          

 

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Re: Call Warrants on                      expiring                      ,          , issued by Barclays Bank PLC and described in the pricing supplement dated                      , to the prospectus supplement dated                      and the prospectus dated                      .

Ladies and Gentlemen:

The undersigned is, or is acting on behalf of, the beneficial owner of such number of the Warrants referenced above as is specified at the end of this Exercise Notice. The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise such number of Warrants. The exercise is to be effective on the Business Day on which the Trustee has received this Exercise Notice, together with all other items required to be delivered on exercise, and the Calculation Agent has received a copy of this Exercise Notice, unless all required items have not been received by [11:00 A.M.], New York City time, on that Business Day, in which case the exercise will be effective as of the next Business Day. We understand, however, that no exercise shall be effective unless it is effective, as provided above, no later than [the Business Day before] [. . . . . on] the Expiration Date.

If the Warrants to be exercised are in global form, the undersigned is delivering this Exercise Notice to the Trustee and to the Calculation Agent, in each case by facsimile transmission to the relevant number stated above, or such other number as the Trustee or Calculation Agent may have designated for this purpose to the Holder. [ If Exercise Property is not cash, modify as appropriate — In addition, cash in the amount indicated below (which must equal the Exercise Price per Warrant specified on the face of the attached Security times the number of Warrants indicated below) and the beneficial interest in the number of Warrants indicated below are being transferred on the books of the Depositary to an account of the Trustee at the Depositary.]

If the Warrants to be exercised are not in global form, the undersigned or the beneficial owner is the Holder of the Warrants and is delivering this Exercise Notice to the Trustee and to the Calculation Agent by facsimile transmission as described above. [ If Exercise Property is not cash, modify as appropriate — In addition, cash in the amount indicated below (which must equal the Exercise Price per Warrant specified on the face of the attached Security times the number of Warrants indicated below) and the certificate representing such Warrants are being delivered to the Trustee.]

If the undersigned is not the beneficial owner of the Warrant to be exercised, the undersigned hereby represents that it has been duly authorized by the beneficial owner to act on behalf of the beneficial owner.

Terms used and not defined in this notice have the meanings given to them in the Warrants or the Indenture specified in the Warrants. Each exercise of a Warrant will be governed by the terms of such Warrant and the Indenture.

 

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The Calculation Agent should note receipt of the copy of this Exercise Notice, in the place provided below, on the Business Day of receipt, noting the date and time of receipt. The consideration to be delivered or paid by the Holder in the requested exercise should be made on the Business Day after the day on which the exercise notice becomes effective in accordance with the terms of the Warrant and this Exercise Notice.

Number of Warrants to be exercised:                                          (must be a number greater than or equal to                      ).

[Cash to be paid by Holder:]

 

Very truly yours,
(Name of beneficial owner or Person authorized to act on its behalf)
(Title)
(Telephone No.)
(Fax No.)

Receipt of the above exercise notice is hereby noted:

                                 , as Calculation Agent

 

By:

 

 

(Title)

Date and time of receipt:

(Date)

(Time)

 

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[If Security is a Global Security, insert this Schedule A.]

SCHEDULE A

[DESIGNATION OF WARRANTS]

GLOBAL WARRANT

SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OR EXERCISES

The initial number of Warrants represented by this Global Security is                      . In accordance with the Indenture dated as of             , 2009, as amended or supplemented, between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, the following reductions in the number of Warrants represented hereby as a result of the exercise of the number of such Warrants indicated below have been made:

 

Date of Exchange

or Exercise

  

Number of

Warrants

Exercised

  

Reduced Number

Outstanding Following such

exercise

  

Notations made to

or on behalf of

Trustee

        
        
        

 

Section 2.05 Form of Face of Put Warrant .

[Insert any legend required by the Internal Revenue Code and the regulations thereunder.]

THE PERSON MAKING THE DECISION TO ACQUIRE THIS SECURITY SHALL BE DEEMED, BY ACQUIRING AND HOLDING THIS SECURITY ON BEHALF OF ITSELF OR ANY OTHER PERSON, OR EXERCISING ANY RIGHTS RELATED THERETO ON BEHALF OF ITSELF OR ANY OTHER PERSON, TO REPRESENT AND WARRANT (WHICH REPRESENTATION WILL BE DEEMED TO BE REPEATED ON EACH DATE ON WHICH THIS SECURITY IS HELD BY SUCH PURCHASER) EITHER THAT:

(a) THE FUNDS THAT THE HOLDER IS USING TO ACQUIRE AND HOLD THIS SECURITY ARE NOT THE ASSETS OF AN EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN SUBJECT TO TITLE I OF THE EMPLOYEE RETIREMENT INCOME SECURITY ACT OF 1974, AS AMENDED (“ERISA”), A PLAN DESCRIBED IN SECTION 4975 OF THE INTERNAL REVENUE CODE OF 1986, AS AMENDED (THE “CODE”), AN ENTITY WHOSE UNDERLYING ASSETS INCLUDE “PLAN ASSETS” BY REASON OF DEPARTMENT OF

 

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LABOR REGULATION SECTION 2510.3-101 OR OTHERWISE OR A GOVERNMENTAL PLAN THAT IS SUBJECT TO ANY FEDERAL, STATE OR LOCAL LAW THAT IS SUBSTANTIALLY SIMILAR TO THE PROVISIONS OF SECTION 406 OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (COLLECTIVELY, A “PLAN”); OR

(b) THE FUNDS THAT THE HOLDER IS USING TO ACQUIRE AND HOLD THIS SECURITY ARE THE ASSETS OF A PLAN AND THE PURCHASE, HOLDING AND DISPOSITION OF THIS SECURITY AND EXERCISE OF ANY RIGHTS RELATED HERETO WILL NOT RESULT IN A NON-EXEMPT PROHIBITED TRANSACTION UNDER SECTION 406 OF ERISA OR SECTION 4975 OF THE CODE (OR WITH RESPECT TO A GOVERNMENTAL PLAN, ANY SIMILAR APPLICABLE LAW OR REGULATION).

Barclays Bank PLC

WARRANT SERIES:                                         

 

No.                                 

   CUSIP No.                                 

NUMBER OF WARRANTS EVIDENCED BY THIS CERTIFICATE: [ If Security is a Global Security, insert — Up to                      ]

[CASH SETTLEMENT VALUE PER WARRANT (OR METHOD OF DETERMINING SAME):]

[NOTIONAL AMOUNT PER WARRANT:]

WARRANT PROPERTY:

AMOUNT OF WARRANT PROPERTY DELIVERABLE BY HOLDER UPON EXERCISE PER WARRANT:

PUT PRICE FOR SUCH SPECIFIED AMOUNT OF WARRANT PROPERTY PER WARRANT:

METHOD OF DELIVERY OF ANY WARRANT PROPERTY TO BE DELIVERED FOR SALE UPON EXERCISE OF WARRANTS:

DATES OF EXERCISE:

OTHER TERMS:

This certificate certifies that                                          , or registered assigns, is the Holder of the number [ If Security is not a Global Security, insert — specified above] [ If Security is a Global Security, insert — specified from time to time on Schedule A hereto] of Warrants of the series specified above (the “Specified Warrants”), which number of Specified Warrants are evidenced by this Security. Upon receipt by the Trustee of [ If Security is not a Global Security, insert — this certificate,] the exercise notice on the reverse hereof (or an exercise notice in substantially identical form delivered herewith) (the “Exercise Notice”), duly completed and executed, [ if net cash settlement does not apply, insert — and the amount of Warrant Property saleable per Specified Warrant set forth above, for each Specified Warrant to be exercised (the

 

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“Exercise Property”), delivered as set forth above at the Place of Payment, each Warrant evidenced hereby and so exercised entitles the Holder hereof to receive, subject to the terms and conditions set forth herein and in the Indenture referred to below, from Barclays Bank PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales (herein called the “Company”, which term includes any successor Person under the Indenture), the [Cash Settlement Value][Put Price] per Specified Warrant specified above on the          Business Day after the exercise of such Specified Warrant becomes effective. No interest shall accrue or be payable on this Security. [ If applicable, insert — The [amount of Warrant Property so deliverable by the Holder] [and the] [Cash Settlement Value] [Put Price] so payable [or deliverable] by the Company] in respect of each Specified Warrant shall be determined by the Calculation Agent in accordance with the terms hereof[, and may differ from the notional amount specified above].]

The exercise of any Specified Warrant evidenced hereby shall become effective only on the day provided in the Exercise Notice. [ Specified Warrants will not entitle the Holders thereof to any of the rights of the holders of any of the Warrant Property. ] No payment of the [Cash Settlement Value] [Put Price] shall be due in respect of the exercise of any Specified Warrant evidenced hereby unless [if net cash settlement does not apply, insert — the Exercise Property for such Specified Warrant (together with all other required items) has been tendered for payment or delivered] [ if net cash settlement applies, insert — the Holder has delivered all items required for such exercise] in accordance with the provisions of this Security and the Indenture. No interest shall accrue or be payable on any Specified Warrant.

As indicated on the reverse hereof, the Specified Warrants are herein sometimes also called “Warrants” or “Securities”. References herein to “this Security” mean the Specified Warrants evidenced by this certificate.

[ If net cash settlement only, insert — No Specified Warrant will require or entitle a Holder thereof to sell or deliver to the Company, nor will the Company be under any obligation to, nor will it, purchase or take delivery from any such Holder of, any Warrant Property, and upon exercise of a Specified Warrant, the Company will make only a cash payment in the amount of the [Cash Settlement Value] [Put Price] per Specified Warrant. Holders of Specified Warrants will not receive any interest on any [Cash Settlement Value] [Put Price].]

Any payment of money due on this Security will be made at the office or agency maintained for that purpose in New York, New York, in such coin or currency of the United States of America as is legal tender for payment of public or private debts, against surrender of this Security in the case of any payment due on the Payment or Settlement Date. [If applicable, insert alternative or additional payment mechanics, e.g., for delivery of Warrant Property other than cash, payment by wire transfer or payment in non-U.S. Dollars.]

[ If applicable, insert — As used herein, the “Calculation Agent” shall initially mean [•]. The Calculation Agent will be solely responsible for all determinations and calculations regarding [insert relevant items]; and all such other matters as may be

 

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specified elsewhere herein as matters to be determined by the Calculation Agent. The Calculation Agent shall make all such determinations and calculations in its sole discretion, and absent manifest error all determinations and calculations made by the Calculation Agent shall be final and binding on the Company, the Holder and all other Persons having an interest in this Security, without liability on the part of the Calculation Agent.]

Terms used and defined in this Security (including those appearing before the first paragraph hereof) shall have the meanings assigned to them herein. All other terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture. As used in this Security, the terms “herein”, “hereof”, hereunder” and the like refer to all of the provisions set forth on the face and the reverse of this Security, including the form of Exercise Notice [ If applicable, insert — and Schedule A], taken as a whole, and not to any particular part of this Security.

Reference is hereby made to the further provisions of this Security set forth on the reverse hereof, which further provisions shall for all purposes have the same effect as if set forth at this place.

Unless the certificate of authentication hereon has been executed by the Trustee referred to on the reverse hereof by manual signature, this Security shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

Dated:                         

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

Section 2.06 Form of Reverse of Put Warrant. This Security is one of a duly authorized issue of securities of the Company (herein called the “Securities” or “Warrants”), issued and to be issued in one or more series under a Warrant Indenture, dated as of                 , 2009 (herein called the “Indenture”, which term shall have the meaning assigned to it in such instrument), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (herein called the “Trustee”, which term includes any successor trustee under the Indenture), and reference is hereby made to the Indenture for a

 

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statement of the respective rights, limitations of rights, duties and immunities thereunder of the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of the Securities and of the terms upon which the Securities are, and are to be, authenticated and delivered. Each of the Specified Warrants evidenced by this Security is one of the series designated on the face hereof [ if applicable, insert — , initially limited in number to Warrants] [ if applicable, insert — , which number may be increased at the option of the Company if in the future it determines that it may wish to issue additional Warrants of this series]. References herein to “this series” mean the series of Warrants designated on the face hereof.

[ If applicable, insert — The Securities of this series are subject to redemption upon not less than ... days’ nor more than ... days’ notice, at any time [ if applicable, insert — on or after                       , 20      ], as a whole or in part, at the election of the Company, at the following redemption prices:                  ].

The Warrants are unsecured contractual obligations of the Company and rank pari passu with the Company’s other unsecured contractual obligations and with the Company’s unsecured and unsubordinated debt.

Subject to the provisions hereof and the Indenture, all or any of the Warrants evidenced by this certificate may be exercised on any of the dates of exercise set forth on the face hereof by delivering or causing to be delivered this Security, the Exercise Notice, duly completed and executed, and, if specified on the face hereof, the Exercise Property for each such Warrant to the Corporate Trust Office, in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, which is, on the date hereof (unless otherwise specified herein), 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286, Attention: Tender Department, or at such other address as the Trustee may specify from time to time, with a copy to the Calculation Agent,                      , Attention:                          .

Each Warrant entitles the Holder thereof to receive, upon exercise, the money set forth on the face hereof as provided for herein.

[ If the Security is subject to redemption of any kind, insert — In the event of redemption of this Security in part only, a new Security or Securities of this series for the unredeemed portion hereof will be issued in the name of the Holder hereof upon the cancellation hereof.]

The Indenture permits, with certain exceptions as therein provided, the amendment thereof and the modification of the rights and obligations of the Company and the rights of the Holders of the Securities of each series to be affected under the Indenture at any time by the Company and the Trustee with the consent of the Holders of a majority in number of the Warrants at the time Outstanding of all series to be affected (voting as a class). The Indenture also contains provisions permitting the Holders of a majority in number of the Warrants at the time Outstanding of any series to be affected under the Indenture (with each such series considered separately for this purpose), on behalf of the Holders of all Warrants of such series, to waive certain past defaults under the Indenture and their consequences. Any such consent or waiver by the Holder of this Security shall be conclusive and binding upon such Holder and upon all future Holders of

 

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this Security and of any Security issued upon the registration of transfer hereof or in exchange herefor or in lieu hereof, whether or not notation of such consent or waiver is made upon this Security.

As provided in and subject to the provisions of the Indenture, the Holder of this Security shall not have the right to institute any proceeding with respect to the Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy thereunder, unless such Holder shall have previously given the Trustee written notice of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Securities of this series, the Holders of not less than 25% in number of the Warrants of this series at the time Outstanding shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default as Trustee and offered the Trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it, and the Trustee shall not have received from the Holders of a majority in number of the Warrants of this series at the time Outstanding a direction inconsistent with such request, and shall have failed to institute any such proceeding, for 60 days after receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity, and, in case of the Company’s winding-up in England, such legal action or proceeding shall be in the name and on behalf of the Trustee to the same extent, but no further, as the Trustee would have been entitled to do.

Neither the Trustee nor the Holder shall be entitled, whether by reason of a default or otherwise, to demand or accelerate the payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property by the Company in respect of this Security at any time before such payment or delivery is otherwise due in accordance with the terms of this Security (including pursuant to Section 5.02 of the Indenture), or to demand any payment or delivery of property or money in respect of this Security other than such payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property when due.

The Company shall not be required to pay any stamp or other tax or other governmental charge required to be paid in connection with any transfer involved in any issue or delivery of Warrant Property; and if any such transfer is involved, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any Warrant Property until such tax or other charge shall have been paid or it has been established to the Company’s satisfaction that no such tax or other charge is due.

No reference herein to the Indenture and no provision of this Security or of the Indenture shall alter or impair the obligation of the Company, which is absolute and unconditional, to pay or deliver the money or Warrant Property due with respect to this Security at the time and place herein prescribed.

As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, the transfer of this Security is registrable in the Security Register, upon surrender of this Security for registration of transfer at the office or agency of the Company in any Place of Payment with respect to this Security, duly endorsed by, or accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed by, the Holder hereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing, and thereupon one or more new Securities of this series and of like tenor, of authorized denominations and for the same number of Warrants, will be issued to the designated transferee or transferees.

 

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The Securities of this series are issuable only in registered form in denominations of          Specified Warrants and any multiple thereof. The fact that a Security (whether in global or non-global form) evidences more than one Warrant shall not affect the number of such Warrants then Outstanding or the terms of any such Warrant, including the [amount of Warrant Property] [and] [Cash Settlement Value] [Put Price] payable or deliverable in respect of each such Warrant. For the purpose of determining the number of Securities of this series that are Outstanding at any time, such number shall equal the number of Specified Warrants then Outstanding, regardless of the number of Specified Warrants evidenced by any particular Security. As provided in the Indenture and subject to certain limitations therein set forth, Securities of this series are exchangeable for a like number of Securities of this series and of like tenor of a different authorized denomination, as requested by the Holder surrendering the same.

No service charge shall be made for any such registration of transfer or exchange, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge payable in connection therewith.

Prior to due presentment of this Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name this Security is registered as the owner hereof for all purposes, whether or not any payment or delivery of money with respect to this Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any such agent shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

[ If applicable, insert — This Security is a Global Security and is subject to the provisions of the Indenture relating to Global Securities, including the limitations in Section 3.05 thereof on transfers and exchanges of Global Securities.]

This Security and the Indenture shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of New York.

All terms used in this Security which are defined in the Indenture shall have the meanings assigned to them in the Indenture.

[Designation of Universal Warrants]

Exercise Notice

The Bank of New York Mellon

101 Barclay Street,

Corporate Trust Administration

New York, New York 10286

Attn: Corporate Trust Administration

Fax: (212) 815-5915

 

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with a copy to:

BNY Corporate Trustee Services Limited

One Canada Square,

London E14 5AL

Attn: Trustee Administration Manager

Fax: +44 20 7964 2536

The Bank of New York Mellon

One Canada Square,

London E14 5AL

Attn: Corporate Trust Administration

Fax No. +44 20 7964 2536

[Insert name and address of Calculation Agent.]

Attn:                                     

Tel.:                                      

Fax:                                       

Re: Put Warrants on                  expiring                          ,          , issued by Barclays Bank PLC. and described in the pricing supplement dated                      ,          , to the prospectus supplement dated                          ,          and the prospectus dated                          ,          .

Ladies and Gentlemen:

The undersigned is, or is acting on behalf of, the beneficial owner of such number of the Warrants referenced above as is specified at the end of this Exercise Notice. The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise such number of Warrants. The exercise is to be effective on the Business Day on which the Trustee has received this Exercise Notice, together with all other items required to be delivered on exercise, and the Calculation Agent has received a copy of this Exercise Notice, unless all required items have not been received by [11:00 A.M.], New York City time, on that Business Day, in which case the exercise will be effective as of the next Business Day. We understand, however, that no exercise shall be effective unless it is effective, as provided above, no later than [the Business Day before] [. . . . . on] the Expiration Date.

If the Warrants to be exercised are in global form, the undersigned is delivering this Exercise Notice to the Trustee and to the Calculation Agent, in each case by facsimile transmission to the relevant number stated above, or such other number as the Trustee or Calculation Agent may have designated for this purpose to the Holder. In addition, the beneficial interest in the number of such Warrants indicated below is being transferred on the books of the Depositary to an account of the Trustee at the Depositary.

If the Warrants to be exercised are not in global form, the undersigned or the beneficial owner is the Holder of the Warrants and is delivering this Exercise Notice to the Trustee and to the Calculation Agent by facsimile transmission as described above. In addition, the certificate representing such Warrants is being delivered to the Trustee. [ If applicable, insert reference to delivery of Warrant Property specified below by Holder. ]

 

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If the undersigned is not the beneficial owner of the Warrant to be exercised, the undersigned hereby represents that it has been duly authorized by the beneficial owner to act on behalf of the beneficial owner.

Terms used and not defined in this notice have the meanings given to them in the Warrants or the Indenture specified in the Warrants. Each exercise of a Warrant will be governed by the terms of such Warrant and the Indenture.

The Calculation Agent should note receipt of the copy of this Exercise Notice, in the place provided below, on the Business Day of receipt, noting the date and time of receipt. The consideration to be delivered or paid by the Holder in the requested exercise should be made on the Business Day after the day on which the exercise notice becomes effective in accordance with the terms of the Warrant and this Exercise Notice.

Number of Warrants to be exercised:                                  (must be a number greater than or equal to              ). [Cash Settlement Value][Put Price] to be paid by the Company:

[ If applicable, insert — Warrant Property to be delivered by Holder:]

 

Very truly yours,
(Name of beneficial owner or Person authorized to act on its behalf)
(Title)
(Telephone No.)
(Fax No.)

Receipt of the above exercise notice is hereby noted:

                                          , as Calculation Agent

 

By:  

 

(Title)

Date and time of receipt:

(Date)

(Time)

 

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[If Security is a Global Security, insert this Schedule A.]

SCHEDULE A

[DESIGNATION OF WARRANTS]

GLOBAL WARRANT

SCHEDULE OF EXCHANGES OR EXERCISES

The initial number of Warrants represented by this Global Security is                      . In accordance with the Indenture dated as of                 , 2009, as amended or supplemented, between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, the following reductions in the number of Warrants represented hereby as a result of the exercise of the number of such Warrants indicated below have been made:

 

Date of Exchange

or Exercise

  

Number of

Warrants

Exercised

  

Reduced Number

Outstanding Following such

exercise

  

Notations made to

or on behalf of

Trustee

        
        
        

 

Section 2.07 Form of Legend for Global Securities . Unless otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01 for the Securities evidenced thereby, every Global Security authenticated and delivered hereunder shall bear a legend in substantially the following form:

THIS SECURITY IS A GLOBAL SECURITY WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE INDENTURE HEREINAFTER REFERRED TO AND IS REGISTERED IN THE NAME OF A DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF. THIS SECURITY MAY NOT BE EXCHANGED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FOR A SECURITY REGISTERED, AND NO TRANSFER OF THIS SECURITY IN WHOLE OR IN PART MAY BE REGISTERED, IN THE NAME OF ANY PERSON OTHER THAN SUCH DEPOSITARY OR A NOMINEE THEREOF, EXCEPT IN THE LIMITED CIRCUMSTANCES DESCRIBED IN THE INDENTURE.

ARTICLE 3

T HE S ECURITIES

Section 3.01 Amount Unlimited; Issuable in Series . The aggregate number of Warrants which may be authenticated and delivered under this Warrant Indenture is unlimited. The Securities may be issued in one or more series.

There shall be established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution and, subject to Section 3.03, set forth, or determined in the manner provided, in an Officer’s Certificate, or established in one or more indentures supplemental hereto, prior to the initial issuance of Securities of any series,

 

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(a) the title of the Securities of the series (which shall distinguish the Securities of the series from all other Securities);

(b) any limit upon the aggregate number of the Securities of the series which may be authenticated and delivered under this Warrant Indenture (except for Securities authenticated and delivered upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for, or in lieu of, other Securities of the series pursuant to Section 3.04, 3.05, 3.06, 9.06 or 11.07 and except for any Securities which, pursuant to Section 3.03, are deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder);

(c) the money payable or receivable or specific Warrant Property purchasable or deliverable by or on behalf of the Holder upon exercise of the Securities of the series, and the amount thereof (or the method for determining the same);

(d) if applicable, the price at which the Securities of the series will be issued and, if other than U.S. Dollars, the coin or currency or composite currency in which such issue price will be payable;

(e) whether the Securities of the series are warrants to purchase the Warrant Property (including warrants that may be settled by means of net cash settlement or cashless exercise) (“Call Warrants”), warrants to sell the Warrant Property (including warrants that may be settled by means of net cash settlement or cashless exercise) (“Put Warrants”), or any other type of warrants;

(f) if applicable, the price at which and, if other than U.S. Dollars, the coin or currency or composite currency with which the Warrant Property may be purchased or sold by or on behalf of the Holder upon exercise of the Securities of the series (or the method for determining the same);

(g) if applicable, the period or periods within which, the price or prices at which and the terms and conditions upon which any Securities of the series may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at the option of the Company and, if other than by a Board Resolution, the manner in which any election by the Company to redeem the Securities shall be evidenced;

(h) if applicable, whether the exercise price for the Securities of the series may be paid in cash or by the exchange of any such Securities or other securities of the Company, or both, or otherwise, whether such exercise price may be netted against any money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable by the Company with respect to such Securities and the method of exercise of such Securities;

(i) if the Securities of the series are Call Warrants, whether the exercise of such Securities is to be settled by payment in cash or delivery of the Warrant Property by the Company or both or otherwise, and whether the election of such form of settlement is to be at the option of the Holder or of the Company;

 

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(j) if the Securities of the series are Put Warrants, whether the exercise of such Securities is to be settled by payment in cash or delivery of the Warrant Property by the Holder or both, or otherwise, and whether the election of such form of settlement is to be at the option of the Holder or of the Company;

(k) the date on which the right to exercise the Securities of the series shall commence and the Expiration Date of the series or, if the Securities of the series are not continuously exercisable throughout such period, the specific date or dates on which they will be exercisable;

(l) if applicable, that any Securities of the series shall be issuable in whole or in part in the form of one or more Global Securities and, in such case, the respective Depositaries for such Global Securities, the form of any legend or legends which shall be borne by any such Global Security in addition to or in lieu of that set forth in Section 2.07, any addition to, elimination of or other change in the circumstances set forth in Clause (c)(ii) of Section 3.05 in which any such Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for Securities registered, and any transfer of such Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name or names of Persons other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof and any other provisions governing exchanges or transfers of any such Global Security;

(m) any warrant agents, Depositaries, Paying Agents, transfer agents or registrars or any determination agents, Calculation Agents or other agents with respect to Securities of the series;

(n) the denominations in which any Securities of the series shall be issuable;

(o) the Place of Payment with respect to Securities of the series, if other than the Corporate Trust Office;

(p) any addition to, elimination of or other change in the covenants set forth in Article Ten which applies to Securities of the series;

(q) any provisions necessary to permit or facilitate the issuance, payment or exercise of any Securities of the series that may be exercised for securities or other property other than Securities of the same series and of like tenor, whether in addition to, or in lieu of, any payment of money or delivery of other property and whether at the option of the Company or otherwise;

(r) any other Events of Default or covenants with respect to the Securities of such series and, if other than as specified in this Warrant Indenture, the terms thereof; and

 

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(s) any other terms of the series (which terms shall not be inconsistent with the provisions of this Warrant Indenture, except as permitted by Section 9.01(d)).

All Securities of any one series shall be substantially identical except as to denomination and the fact that Securities of any one series may be issuable in both bearer and registered form and except as may otherwise be provided, in the Officer’s Certificate referred to above or pursuant to such action or in any such indenture supplemental hereto.

If the forms of Securities of any series, or any of the terms thereof, are established by action taken by the Board of Directors of the Company, copies of the Board Resolutions in respect thereof shall be delivered to the Trustee at or prior to the delivery of the Company Order pursuant to Section 3.03 for the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

The Securities are unsecured and contractual obligations of the Company and rank pari passu with the Company’s other unsecured contractual obligations and with the Company’s unsecured and unsubordinated debt.

No Security shall entitle the Holder or any beneficial owner thereof to any rights of a holder or beneficial owner of Warrant Property, including the right to receive the payment of any dividends on, principal of, or premium or interest on Warrant Property or to vote or to enforce any rights under any documents governing Warrant Property.

Section 3.02 Denominations . The Securities of each series shall be issuable in such denominations of Warrants as shall be specified as contemplated by Section 3.01. In the absence of any such specification with respect to the Securities of any series, the Securities of each series shall be issuable in denominations of 100 Warrants and any integral multiple thereof.

Section 3.03 Execution, Authentication, Delivery and Dating . The Securities shall be executed on behalf of the Company by any two of the following: any of its directors or senior executives (or officer with similar title and status) and the Secretary or a Deputy Secretary or Assistant Secretary of the Company or by its Attorney-in-fact. The signature of any of these officers on the Securities may be manual or facsimile. Securities bearing the manual or facsimile signatures of individuals who were at any time the proper officers of the Company shall bind the Company, notwithstanding that such individuals or any of them have ceased to hold such offices prior to the authentication and delivery of such Securities.

At any time and from time to time after the execution and delivery of this Warrant Indenture, the Company may deliver Securities of any series executed by the Company and, in the case of bearer Securities other than a Global Security, to the Trustee for authentication, together with a Company Order for the authentication and delivery of such Securities, and the Trustee in accordance with the Company Order shall authenticate and deliver such Securities. In authenticating such Securities and accepting the additional responsibilities under this Warrant Indenture in relation to such Securities the Trustee

 

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shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 6.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that (a) if the form or terms of such Securities has or have been established by or pursuant to a Board Resolution as permitted by Section 2.02 or Section 3.01, that such form or terms has or have been established in conformity with the provisions of this Warrant Indenture and (b) that such Securities, when authenticated and delivered by the Trustee and issued by the Company in the manner and subject to any conditions specified in such Opinion of Counsel, will constitute valid and binding obligations of the Company enforceable in accordance with their terms, except as the enforceability thereof may be limited by bankruptcy, insolvency, reorganization, moratorium or other laws relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and by general principles of equity.

The Trustee shall not be required to authenticate such Securities if the issue of such Securities pursuant to this Warrant Indenture will affect the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under the Securities and this Warrant Indenture or otherwise in a manner which is not reasonably acceptable to the Trustee.

The Trustee shall have the right to decline to authenticate and deliver any Securities under this Section if the Trustee, being advised by counsel, determines that such action may not lawfully be taken.

Each registered Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

Each bearer Security shall be dated the date of its authentication.

No Security appertaining thereto shall be entitled to any benefit under this Warrant Indenture or be valid or obligatory for any purpose unless there appears on such Security a certificate of authentication substantially in the form provided for herein executed by or on behalf of the Trustee by manual signature, and such certificate upon any Security shall be conclusive evidence, and the only evidence, that such Security has been duly authenticated and delivered hereunder and that such Security is entitled to the benefits of this Warrant Indenture. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if any Security shall have been authenticated and delivered hereunder but never issued and sold by the Company, and the Company shall deliver such Security to the Trustee for cancellation as provided in Section 3.09, for all purposes of this Warrant Indenture such Security shall be deemed never to have been authenticated and delivered hereunder and shall never be entitled to the benefits of this Warrant Indenture.

Section 3.04 Temporary Securities . Pending the preparation of definitive Securities of any series, the Company may execute, and upon Company Order the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, temporary Securities substantially of the tenor of the definitive Securities in lieu of which they are issued, which Securities may be printed, lithographed, typewritten, photocopied or otherwise produced. Temporary Securities may be issued as bearer Securities or as registered Securities in any authorized denomination, and with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as the officers executing such Securities may determine, all as evidenced by such execution.

 

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If temporary Securities of any series are issued, the Company will cause, if so required by the terms of such temporary Securities, definitive Securities of such series to be prepared without unreasonable delay. After the preparation of definitive Securities of such series, the temporary Securities of such series shall be exchangeable for definitive Securities of such series containing identical terms and provisions upon surrender of the temporary Securities of such series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, without charge to the Holder. Upon surrender for cancellation of any one or more temporary Securities of any series the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver in exchange therefor, one or more definitive Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations, of like tenor and of a like aggregate number of Warrants. Until so exchanged, unless otherwise provided therein or in a supplemental indenture relating thereto, the temporary Securities of any series shall in all respects be entitled to the same benefits (but shall be subject to all the limitations of rights) under this Warrant Indenture as definitive Securities of such series and tenor.

The provisions of this Section 3.04 are subject to any restrictions or limitations on the issue and delivery of temporary bearer Securities of any series that may be established pursuant to Section 3.01 (including any provision that bearer Securities of such series initially be issued in the form of a Global Security to be delivered to a depositary of the Company located outside the United States of America and the procedures pursuant to which definitive bearer Securities of such series would be issued in exchange for such Global Security).

Section 3.05 Registration, Registration of Transfer and Exchange .

(a) The Company shall cause to be kept at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee a register (the register maintained in such office and in any other office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment being herein sometimes collectively referred to as the “Security Register”) in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, the Company shall provide for the registration of Securities and of transfers of Securities. The Trustee is hereby appointed “Security Registrar” for the purpose of registering Securities and transfers of Securities as herein provided.

Upon surrender for registration of transfer of any Security of a series at the office or agency of the Company in a Place of Payment for that series, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, in the name of the designated transferee or transferees, one or more new Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate number of Warrants.

At the option of the Holder, Securities of any series may be exchanged for other Securities of the same series, of any authorized denominations and of like tenor and aggregate number of Warrants upon surrender of the Securities to be exchanged at such office or agency. Whenever any Securities are so surrendered for exchange, the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and make available for delivery, the Securities which the Holder making the exchange is entitled to receive.

 

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All Securities issued upon any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities shall be the valid obligations of the Company, evidencing the same contractual obligation, and entitled to the same benefits under this Warrant Indenture, as the Securities surrendered upon such registration of transfer or exchange.

Every Security presented or surrendered for registration of transfer or for exchange shall (if so required by the Company or the Trustee) be duly endorsed, or be accompanied by a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Security Registrar duly executed, by the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing.

No service charge shall be made for any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any registration of transfer or exchange of Securities, other than exchanges pursuant to Section 3.04, 9.06 or 11.07 not involving any transfer.

If the Securities of any series are to be redeemed in part, the Company shall not be required (i) to issue, register the transfer of or exchange any Securities of that series during a period beginning at the opening of business 15 days before the day of the mailing of a notice of redemption of any such Securities selected for redemption under Section 11.03 and ending at the close of business on the day of such mailing, or (ii) to register the transfer of or exchange any Security so selected for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any Security being redeemed in part.

(b) Except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01, registered Securities of any series may be exchanged for a like number of registered Securities of such series of other authorized denominations containing identical terms and provisions, and, if bearer Securities of any series are issued in more than one authorized denomination, such bearer Securities may be exchanged for a like number of bearer Securities of other authorized denominations containing identical terms and provisions. Except as provided above, if Securities of any series are issued in both registered and bearer form, bearer Securities of such series may be exchanged for a like number of registered Securities of such series of authorized denominations containing identical terms and provisions and registered Securities of such series may be exchanged for a like number of bearer Securities of such series of authorized denominations. Securities to be exchanged shall be surrendered at an office or agency of the Company designated pursuant to Section 10.02 for such purpose, and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in exchange therefor the Security or Securities of the same series which the Holder making the exchange shall be entitled to receive.

Notwithstanding anything herein or in the terms of any series of Securities to the contrary, neither the Company nor the Trustee (which shall be entitled to conclusively rely on an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel) shall be required to exchange any bearer Security for a registered Security or any registered Security for a bearer Security if such exchange would result in any adverse tax consequence to the Company under then-applicable tax laws of the United States of America or the United Kingdom or any political subdivision thereof or therein.

 

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(c) The provisions of this Section 3.05(c) shall apply only to Global Securities unless as otherwise specified as contemplated by Section 3.01:

(i) Each Global Security authenticated under this Warrant Indenture shall be registered in the name of the Depositary designated for such Global Security or a nominee thereof and delivered to such Depositary or a nominee thereof or custodian therefor, and each such Global Security shall constitute a single Security for all purposes of this Warrant Indenture.

(ii) Notwithstanding any other provision in this Warrant Indenture, no Global Security may be exchanged in whole or in part for Securities registered, and no transfer of a Global Security in whole or in part may be registered, in the name of any Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof unless (A) such Depositary (x) has notified the Company that it is unwilling or unable to continue as Depositary for such Global Security or (y) has ceased to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act, (B) there shall have occurred and be continuing an Event of Default with respect to such Global Security, (C) at any time if the Company at its option and in its sole discretion determines that the Global Securities of a particular series should be exchanged for definitive Securities of that series in registered form or (D) there shall exist such circumstances, if any, in addition to or in lieu of the foregoing as have been specified for this purpose as contemplated by Section 3.01.

(iii) Subject to Clause (ii) above, any exchange of a Global Security for other Securities may be made in whole or in part, and all Securities issued in exchange for a Global Security or any portion thereof shall be registered in such names as the Depositary for such Global Security shall direct.

(iv) Every Security authenticated and made available for delivery upon registration of transfer of, or in exchange for or in lieu of, a Global Security or any portion thereof, whether pursuant to this Section 3.05, Section 3.04, 3.06, 9.06 or 11.07 or otherwise, shall be authenticated and delivered in the form of, and shall be, a Global Security, unless such Security is registered in the name of a Person other than the Depositary for such Global Security or a nominee thereof.

(v) Neither any members of, or participants in, the Depositary nor any other Persons on whose behalf such members or participants may act shall have any rights under this Indenture with respect to any Global Security registered in the name of the Depositary or any nominee thereof,

 

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and the Depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the absolute owner and holder of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent, any Securities Registrar or any other agent of the Company or any agent of the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any aspect of the records relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership interests of a Security in the form of a Global Security, or for maintaining, supervising or reviewing any records relating to such beneficial ownership interests. The Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent, any Securities Registrar and any other agent of the Company and any agent of the Trustee shall be entitled to deal with any depositary (including any Depositary), and any nominee thereof, that is the holder of any such Global Security for all purposes of this Indenture relating to such Global Security as the sole holder of such Global Security and shall have no obligations to the beneficial owners thereof. None of the Company, the Trustee, any Paying Agent, any Securities Registrar or any other agent of the Company or any agent of the Trustee shall have any responsibility or liability for any acts or omissions of any such Depositary with respect to such Global Security, for the records of any such Depositary, including records in respect of beneficial ownership interests in respect of any such Global Security, for any transactions between such Depositary and any members or participants in the Depositary or other participant in such Depositary or between or among any such Depositary, any such member or participant in the Depositary or other participant and/or any holder or owner of a beneficial interest in such Global Security or for any transfers of beneficial interests in any such Global Security. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by the Depositary or such nominee, as the case may be, or impair, as between the Depositary, members or participants of the Depositary and any other Person on whose behalf a member or participant of the Depositary may act, the operation of customary practices of such Persons governing the exercise of the rights of a beneficial holder of any Global Security.

In the event that upon any exercise of Warrants evidenced by a certificate the number of Warrants exercised shall be less than the total number of Warrants evidenced by such certificate, there shall be issued to the Holder thereof or his assignee a new certificate evidencing the number of Warrants of the same series and of like tenor not exercised, provided that in the case of Warrants evidenced by one or more Global Securities, in lieu of issuing such new certificate the Trustee shall note the cancellation of such exercised Warrants and the number of such Warrants not exercised and remaining Outstanding by notation on such Global Security(ies).

Neither the Trustee nor any Agent shall have any responsibility for any actions taken or not taken by the Depositary.

 

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Section 3.06 Mutilated, Destroyed, Lost and Stolen Securities . If any mutilated Security (including any Global Security) is surrendered to the Trustee, the Company may execute and the Trustee shall, in the case of a Security, authenticate and deliver, in exchange therefor a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and number of Warrants, and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

If there shall be delivered to the Company and to the Trustee (a) evidence to their satisfaction of the destruction, loss or theft of any Security (including any Global Security) and (b) such security or indemnity as may be required by them to save each of them and any agent of any of them harmless, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Trustee that such Security has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute and upon its request the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver, in lieu of any such destroyed, lost or stolen Security a new Security of the same series and of like tenor and number of Warrants, and bearing a number not contemporaneously outstanding.

In case any such mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Security has been or is about to be exercised, or deemed to be exercised, the Company in its absolute discretion may, instead of issuing a new Security, direct the Trustee to treat the same as if it had received the Security together with an irrevocable exercise notice in proper form in respect thereof, as established with respect to the Securities of such series.

Upon the issuance of any new Security under this Section, the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Trustee) connected therewith.

Every new Security of any series issued pursuant to this Section in lieu of any destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall constitute an original additional contractual obligation of the Company, whether or not the destroyed, lost or stolen Security shall be at any time enforceable by anyone, and shall be entitled to all the benefits of this Warrant Indenture equally and proportionately with any and all other Securities of that series duly issued hereunder.

The provisions of this Section are exclusive and shall preclude (to the extent lawful) all other rights and remedies with respect to the replacement, payment or settlement of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities.

Section 3.07 Persons Deemed Owners . Prior to due presentment of a registered Security for registration of transfer, the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the Person in whose name such Security is registered as the owner of such Security for the purpose of payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property payable or delivery with respect to such Security and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such payment or delivery with respect to such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

 

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No holder of any beneficial interest in any Global Security held on its behalf by a Depositary shall have any rights under this Indenture with respect to such Global Security, and such Depositary may be treated by the Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee as the owner of such Global Security for all purposes whatsoever. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing herein shall prevent the Company, the Trustee or any agent of the Company or the Trustee from giving effect to any written certification, proxy or other authorization furnished by a Depositary or impair, as between a Depositary and such holders of beneficial interests, the operation of customary practices governing the exercise of the rights of the Depositary (or its nominee) as Holder of any Security.

The Company, the Trustee and any agent of the Company or the Trustee may treat the bearer of any bearer Security as the absolute owner of such Security, as the case may be, for any purpose, including for the purpose of payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property payable or delivery with respect to such Security, and for all other purposes whatsoever, whether or not such Security be overdue, and neither the Company, the Trustee nor any agent of the Company or the Trustee shall be affected by notice to the contrary.

Section 3.08 Cancellation . All Securities surrendered for exercise, redemption or registration of transfer or exchange shall, if surrendered to any Person other than the Trustee, be delivered to the Trustee and shall be promptly cancelled by it. The Company may at any time deliver to the Trustee for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated and delivered hereunder and may deliver to the Trustee (or to any other Person for delivery to the Trustee) for cancellation any Securities previously authenticated hereunder, and all Securities so delivered shall be promptly cancelled by the Trustee. No Securities shall be authenticated in lieu of or in exchange for any Securities cancelled as provided in this Section, except as expressly permitted by the provisions of the Securities of any series or pursuant to the provisions of this Securities Indenture. The Trustee shall dispose of all cancelled Securities in accordance with its customary procedures or, upon receipt of a Company Request, forward the same to the Company.

Section 3.09 CUSIP Numbers . The Company in issuing the Securities may use “CUSIP” numbers (if then generally in use), and, if so, the Trustee shall use “CUSIP” numbers obtained by the Company in notices of redemption as a convenience to Holders; provided that any such notice may state that no representation is made as to the correctness of such numbers either as printed on the Securities or as contained in any notice of redemption and that reliance may be placed only on the other identification numbers printed on the Securities, and any such redemption shall not be affected by any defect in or omission of such numbers. The Company will promptly as reasonably practicable notify the Trustee in writing of any change in the “CUSIP” numbers.

 

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ARTICLE 4

S ATISFACTION AND D ISCHARGE

Section 4.01 Satisfaction and Discharge of Warrant Indenture . This Warrant Indenture shall upon Company Request cease to be of further effect with respect to Securities of any series (except as to any surviving rights of exercise, registration of transfer or exchange of Securities of such series herein expressly provided for), and the Trustee, at the expense of the Company, shall execute proper instruments acknowledging satisfaction and discharge of this Warrant Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series when

(a) either

(i) all Securities of such series theretofore authenticated and delivered (other than (x) Securities which have been destroyed, lost or stolen and which have been replaced, paid or settled as provided in Section 3.06 and (y) Securities for whose payment or settlement money or Warrant Property has theretofore been deposited in trust or segregated and held in trust by the Company and thereafter repaid or redelivered to the Company or discharged from such trust, as provided in Section 10.03) have been delivered to the Trustee for cancellation; or

(ii) all Securities referred to in clause (i) above not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation

(A) have been exercised,

(B) will be automatically exercised at their Expiration Date within one year, or

(C) are to be called for redemption within one year under arrangements satisfactory to the Trustee for the giving of notice of redemption by the Trustee in the name, and at the expense, of the Company,

and the Company, in the case of (A), (B) or (C) above, has deposited or caused to be deposited with the Trustee, as trust funds or trust property in trust for the purpose money or Warrant Property in an amount sufficient to pay and discharge the entire contractual obligation on such Securities not theretofore delivered to the Trustee for cancellation, for all amounts of money or Warrant Property due with respect to such Securities to the date of such deposit or to the Payment or Settlement Date or Redemption Date of such Securities as the case may be;

(b) the Company has paid or caused to be paid all other sums payable hereunder by the Company with respect to the Securities of such series; and

(c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to the satisfaction and discharge of this Warrant Indenture with respect to the Securities of such series have been complied with.

 

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Notwithstanding any satisfaction and discharge of this Warrant Indenture, the obligations of the Company to the Trustee under Section 6.07 and, if money or Warrant Property shall have been deposited with the Trustee pursuant to subclause (ii) of clause (a) of this Section, the obligations of the Trustee under Section 4.02 and the last paragraph of Section 10.03 shall survive.

Section 4.02 Application of Trust Money and Warrant Property . Subject to the provisions of the last paragraph of Section 10.03, all money and Warrant Property deposited with the Trustee pursuant to Section 4.01 shall be held in trust and applied by it, in accordance with the provisions of the Securities of such series and this Warrant Indenture, to the payment or delivery, either directly or through any Paying Agent (including the Company acting as Paying Agent) as the Trustee may determine, to the Persons entitled thereto, of all amounts of money or Warrant Property due with respect to such Securities for whose payment or settlement such money or Warrant Property has been deposited with the Trustee.

ARTICLE 5

R EMEDIES

Section 5.01 Events of Default . “Event of Default”, wherever used herein with respect to any Security of any series, means (i) that, whatever the reason for such Event of Default and whether it shall be voluntary or involuntary or, subject to the penultimate paragraph of Section 5.03, be effected by operation of law pursuant to any judgment, decree or order of any court or any order, rule or regulation of any administrative or governmental body, except as otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 3.01 with respect to any series of Securities, the Company failed to pay or deliver any money or Warrant Property when due in respect of such Security (but not such a default in respect of any other Security of that or any other series) in accordance with its terms, (ii) the making of an order by an English court of competent jurisdiction which is not successfully appealed within 30 days of the making of such order, or the valid adoption by the shareholders of the Company of an effective resolution, for the winding-up of the Company (other than under or in connection with a scheme of reconstruction, merger or amalgamation not involving bankruptcy or insolvency), (iii) any other Event of Default provided with respect to such Security or to Securities of that series pursuant to Section 3.01 or (iv) the default in the performance, or breach, of any covenant or warranty of the Company in this Warrant Indenture (other than a covenant or warranty a default in whose performance or whose breach is elsewhere in this Section 5.01 specifically dealt with) provided, that default or breach has not been remedied within 21 days of receipt by the Company and the Trustee from the Holders of at least 25% in number of the Outstanding Securities of that series of a written notice requiring the breach to be remedied or written notice from the Trustee to the Company requiring the breach to be remedied.

 

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The Company shall deliver to the Trustee, as soon as possible and in any event within 15 days after the Company becomes aware of the occurrence of any Event of Default, an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the details of such Event of Default and the action which the Company proposes to take with respect thereto, if any.

Section 5.02 Collection of Amounts Due and Suits for Enforcement by Trustee . The Company covenants that, if it defaults in the payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property in respect of any Security in accordance with its terms (including the terms requiring satisfaction by the Holder thereof of all conditions precedent to the Company’s obligation to make such payment or delivery to be satisfied by such Holder), the Company will, upon demand of the Trustee, pay to it, for the benefit of the Holder of such Security, the whole amount of money or Warrant Property then due and payable on such Security, and, in addition thereto, such further amount as shall be sufficient to cover the costs and expenses of collection, including the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel.

If an Event of Default with respect to any Security occurs and is continuing, the Trustee may in its discretion proceed to protect and enforce its rights and the rights of the Holders of such Security by such appropriate judicial proceedings as the Trustee shall deem most effectual to protect and enforce any such rights, whether for the specific enforcement of any covenant or agreement in this Warrant Indenture or in aid of the exercise of any power granted herein, or to enforce any other proper remedy, including the institution of proceedings in England (but not elsewhere) for the winding-up of the Company.

Notwithstanding any provision of this Warrant Indenture or any Security, however, neither the Trustee nor any Holder of a Security shall be entitled, whether by reason of a default or otherwise, to demand or accelerate the payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property by the Company in respect of such Security at any time before such payment or delivery is otherwise due in accordance with the terms of such Security.

The Trustee and Holders of Securities by their acceptance thereof will be deemed to have waived any right of set-off or counterclaim with respect to the Securities or this Warrant Indenture that they might otherwise have against the Company; provided that, for the avoidance of doubt, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have waived its rights under Section 5.05.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, failure to make any payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property in respect of a series of Securities shall not be a default in respect of such Securities if such payment is withheld or refused (i) in order to comply with any law or regulation or with the order of any court of competent jurisdiction or (ii) in case of doubt as to the validity or applicability of any such law, regulation or order, in accordance with advice given as to such validity or applicability at any time before the expiry of a period of 14 days by independent legal advisors acceptable to the Trustee (the “Withheld Amount”); provided , however , that the Trustee may by notice to the Company

 

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require the Company to take such action (including but not limited to proceedings for a declaration by a court of competent jurisdiction) as the Trustee may be advised in an Opinion of Counsel, upon which opinion the Trustee may conclusively rely, is appropriate and reasonable in the circumstances to resolve such doubt, in which case the Company shall forthwith take and expeditiously proceed with such action and shall be bound by any final resolution of the doubt resulting therefrom. If any such action results in a determination that the relevant payment can be made without violating any applicable law, regulation or order then the provisions of the preceding sentence shall cease to have effect and the payment shall become due and payable after the Trustee gives written notice to the Company informing it of such determination.

In lieu of the Trustee taking the above actions, upon failure to make payment or delivery of any money or Warrant Property, if lawful, the Company may place the Withheld Amounts or a sum equal to the Withheld Amounts promptly on interest bearing deposit set aside and segregated in trust by the Company (if the Company shall act as its own Paying Agent) for the Holders of the Securities. The Company will give notice if at any time it is lawful to pay any Withheld Amounts to the Holders or if such payment is possible as soon as any doubt as to the validity or applicability of the law, regulation or order is resolved. The notice will give the date on which the Withheld Amount and the interest accrued on it will be paid. This date shall be the earliest day after the day on which it is decided Withheld Amounts can be paid on which the interest bearing deposit falls due for repayment or may be repaid without penalty. On such date, the Company shall be bound to pay the Withheld Amount together with interest accrued on it, the payment due date. Payment of the Withheld Amounts will be subject to applicable laws, regulations or court orders. Interest accrued on any Withheld Amount shall be paid net of any taxes required by applicable law to be withheld or deducted.

No recourse for the payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property, on any Security, or for any claim based thereon or otherwise in respect thereof and no recourse under or upon any obligation, covenant or agreement of the Company in this Warrant Indenture, or in any Security, or because of the creation of any contractual obligation represented thereby, shall be had against any incorporator, stockholder, officer or director, past, present or future, of the Company, either directly or through the Company, whether by virtue of any constitution, statute or rule of law, or by the enforcement of any assessment or penalty or otherwise, it being expressly understood that to the extent lawful all such liability is hereby expressly waived and released as a condition of, and as a consideration for, the execution of this Warrant Indenture and the issue of the Securities.

Section 5.03 Trustee May File Proofs of Claim . In case of the pendency of any receivership, insolvency, liquidation, bankruptcy, reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, composition, winding-up or other judicial proceeding relative to the Company or any other obligor upon the Securities of any series or to the property of the Company or such other obligor or their creditors (other than under or in connection with a scheme of amalgamation or reconstruction not involving bankruptcy or insolvency), the Trustee (irrespective of whether the money or Warrant Property in respect of the Securities of such series shall then be due and payable or deliverable as therein expressed or by declaration or otherwise and irrespective of whether the Trustee shall have made

 

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any demand on the Company for the payment or delivery of overdue money or Warrant Property) shall be entitled and empowered, by intervention in such proceeding or otherwise, to take any and all actions authorized under the Trust Indenture Act in order to have claims of the Holders and the Trustee allowed in any such proceeding. In particular, the Trustee shall be authorized to collect and receive any moneys, Warrant Property and other property payable or deliverable on any such claims and to distribute the same; and any custodian, receiver, assignee, trustee, liquidator, sequestrator or other similar official in any such judicial proceeding is hereby authorized by each Holder of a Security to make such payments to the Trustee and, in the event that the Trustee shall consent to the making of such payments directly to such Holders or holders, to pay to the Trustee any amount due to it for the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel, and any other amounts due to the Trustee under Section 6.07.

Subject to Article Eight and Section 9.02, nothing herein contained shall be deemed to authorize the Trustee to authorize or consent to or accept or adopt on behalf of any Holder of any Security any plan of reorganization, arrangement, adjustment, or composition affecting any Securities or the rights of any Holder of any Security or to authorize the Trustee to vote in respect of the claim of any such Holder or holder in any such proceeding; provided that the Trustee may, on behalf of the Holders, vote for the election of a trustee in bankruptcy or similar official and be a member of a creditors’ or other similar committee.

When the Trustee incurs expenses or renders services in connection with this Section 5.03, the expenses (including the reasonable charges and expenses of its counsel) and the compensation for the services are intended to constitute expenses of administration under any applicable Federal or state bankruptcy, insolvency or other similar law.

Section 5.04 Trustee May Enforce Claims Without Possession of Securities . All rights of action and claim under this Warrant Indenture or the Securities may be prosecuted and enforced by the Trustee without the possession of any of the Securities or the production thereof in any proceeding relating thereto, and any such proceeding instituted by the Trustee shall be brought in its own name as trustee of an express trust, and any recovery of judgment shall, after provision for the payment of the reasonable compensation, expenses, disbursements and advances of the Trustee, its agents and counsel be for the ratable benefit of the Holders of the Securities in respect of which such judgment has been recovered.

Section 5.05 Application of Money Collected . Any money collected by the Trustee pursuant to this Article in respect of any series of Securities shall be applied in the following order, at the date or dates fixed by the Trustee and, in case of the distribution of such money on account of amounts due with respect to the Securities, upon presentation of such Securities and the notation thereon of the payment if only partially paid and upon surrender thereof if fully paid:

FIRST: To the payment of all amounts applicable to such series of Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected due the Trustee under Section 6.07;

 

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SECOND: To the payment of the amounts then due and unpaid on such series of Securities in respect of which or for the benefit of which such money has been collected, ratably, without preference or priority of any kind, according to the amounts due and payable on such Securities; and

THIRD: To the payment of the balance, if any, to the Company or any other Person or Persons legally entitled thereto.

Section 5.06 Limitation on Suits . No Holder of any Warrant of any series shall have any right to institute any proceeding, judicial or otherwise, with respect to this Warrant Indenture, or for the appointment of a receiver or trustee, or for any other remedy hereunder, unless

(a) such Holder has previously given written notice to the Trustee of a continuing Event of Default with respect to the Warranties of that series specifying such Event of Default and stating that such notice is a “Notice of Default” hereunder;

(b) the Holders of not less than 25% in number of the Outstanding Warrants of such series shall have made written request to the Trustee to institute proceedings in respect of such Event of Default in its own name, as Trustee hereunder;

(c) such Holder of a Security has offered to the Trustee reasonable indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities to be incurred in compliance with such request;

(d) the Trustee for 60 days after its receipt of such notice, request and offer of indemnity has failed to institute any such proceeding;

(e) no direction inconsistent with such written request has been given to the Trustee during such 60-day period by the Holders of a majority in number of the Outstanding Warrants of such series; and

(f) in the case of a proceeding for the winding-up of the Company in England, such proceeding is in the name and on behalf of the Trustee to the same extent (but no further or otherwise) as the Trustee would have been entitled so to do;

it being understood and intended that no one or more Holders of Securities of a particular series shall have any right in any manner whatever by virtue of, or by availing of any provision of this Warrant Indenture to affect, disturb or prejudice the rights of any other such Holders, or to obtain or to seek to obtain priority or preference over any other such Holders or to enforce any right under this Warrant Indenture, except in the manner herein provided and for the equal and ratable benefit of all Holders of Securities of such series.

 

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Section 5.07 Unconditional Right of Holders to Receive Money or Warrant Property Due With Respect to Securities and to Exercise . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Warrant Indenture, the Holder of any Security shall have the right, which is absolute and unconditional, to receive (subject to Section 3.07) payment or delivery of the money or Warrant Property due from the Company with respect to such Security on the Payment or Settlement Date (or, in the case of redemption, on the Redemption Date) of such Security and to exercise such Security in accordance with its terms, and to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment or delivery and such right to exercise, and such rights shall not be impaired without the consent of such Holder.

Section 5.08 Restoration of Rights and Remedies . If the Trustee or any Holder of any Security has instituted any proceeding to enforce any right or remedy under this Warrant Indenture and such proceeding has been discontinued or abandoned for any reason, or has been determined adversely to the Trustee or to such Holder, then and in every such case, subject to any determination in such proceeding, the Company, the Trustee and the Holders of Securities shall be restored severally and respectively to their former positions hereunder and thereafter all rights and remedies of the Trustee and the Holders of Securities shall continue as though no such proceeding had been instituted.

Section 5.09 Rights and Remedies Cumulative . Except as otherwise provided with respect to the replacement, payment or settlement of mutilated, destroyed, lost or stolen Securities in the last paragraph of Section 3.06, no right or remedy herein conferred upon or reserved to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities is intended to be exclusive of any other right or remedy, and every right and remedy shall, to the extent permitted by law, be cumulative and in addition to every other right and remedy given hereunder or now or hereafter existing at law or in equity or otherwise. The assertion or employment of any right or remedy hereunder, or otherwise, shall not prevent the concurrent assertion or employment of any other appropriate right or remedy.

Section 5.10 Delay or Omission Not Waiver . No delay or omission of the Trustee or of any Holder of any Security to exercise any right or remedy accruing upon any Event of Default shall impair any such right or remedy or constitute a waiver of any such Event of Default or an acquiescence therein. Every right and remedy given by this Article or by law to the Trustee or to the Holders of Securities may be exercised from time to time, and as often as may be deemed expedient, by the Trustee or by the Holders of Securities as the case may be.

Section 5.11 Control by Holders . The Holders of a majority in number of the Outstanding Warrants of any series shall have the right to direct the time, method and place of conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the Trustee, or exercising any trust or power conferred on the Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series, provided that

(a) such direction shall not be in conflict with any rule of law or with this Warrant Indenture;

 

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(b) such direction shall not be unjustly prejudicial to the Holders of any Securities of such series not taking part in the direction, as determined by the Trustee;

(c) the Trustee may take any other action deemed proper by the Trustee which is not inconsistent with such direction; and

(d) such Holders provide indemnity to the Trustee deemed satisfactory to it in the Trustee’s sole discretion.

Section 5.12 Waiver of Past Events of Default . The Trustee may without prejudice to its rights in respect of any subsequent Event of Default from time to time and at any time waive any Event of Default or authorize any proposed Event of Default by the Company, provided that in its opinion the interests of the Holders shall not be materially prejudiced thereby and, provided , further , that the Trustee shall not exercise any powers conferred on it by this clause in contravention of any notice in writing to the Company and the Trustee made pursuant to Section 5.02 hereof but so that no such notice shall affect any waiver or authorization previously given or made.

In addition, the Holders of not less than a majority in number of the Outstanding Warrants of any series may on behalf of the Holders of all the Warrants of such series waive (or direct the Trustee to waive) any past Event of Default hereunder with respect to such series and its consequences, except an Event of Default

(a) in the payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property in respect of any Warrant of such series, or

(b) in respect of a covenant or provision hereof which under Article Nine cannot be modified or amended without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Warrant of such series affected.

Upon any such waiver, such Event of Default shall cease to exist, and any Event of Default with respect to any series arising therefrom shall be deemed to have been cured and not to have occurred for every purpose of this Warrant Indenture, but no such waiver shall extend to any subsequent or other Event of Default or impair any right consequent thereon.

Section 5.13 Undertaking for Costs . All parties to this Warrant Indenture agree, and each Holder of any Security by his acceptance thereof shall be deemed to have agreed, that any court may in its discretion require, in any suit for the enforcement of any right or remedy under this Warrant Indenture, or in any suit against the Trustee for any action taken, suffered or omitted by it as Trustee, the filing by any party litigant to such suit of an undertaking to pay the costs of such suit, and that such court may in its discretion assess reasonable costs, including reasonable attorneys’ fees, against any party litigant in such suit, having due regard to the merits and good faith of

 

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the claims or defences made by such party litigant; but the provisions of this Section shall not apply to any suit instituted by the Trustee, to any suit instituted by any Holder or group of Holders holding in the aggregate more than 10% in number of the Outstanding Warrants of any series, or to any suit instituted by any Holder for the enforcement of the right to exercise any Security in accordance with its terms.

Section 5.14 Waiver of Usury, Stay or Extension Laws . The Company covenants (to the extent that it may lawfully do so) that it will not at any time insist upon, or plead, or in any manner whatsoever claim or take the benefit or advantage of, any usury, stay or extension law wherever enacted, now or at any time hereafter in force, which may affect the covenants or the performance of this Warrant Indenture; and the Company (to the extent it may lawfully do so) hereby expressly waives all benefit or advantage of any such law and covenants that it will not hinder, delay or impede the execution of any power herein granted to the Trustee, but will suffer and permit the execution of every such power as though no such law had been enacted.

ARTICLE 6

T HE T RUSTEE

Section 6.01 Certain Duties and Responsibilities . The duties and responsibilities of the Trustee shall be as provided by the Trust Indenture Act. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no provision of this Warrant Indenture shall require the Trustee to expend or risk its own funds or otherwise incur any financial liability in the performance of any of its duties hereunder, or in the exercise of any of its rights or powers, if it shall have reasonable grounds for believing that repayment of such funds or adequate indemnity against such risk or liability is not reasonably assured to it. Whether or not therein expressly so provided, every provision of this Warrant Indenture relating to the conduct or affecting the liability of or affording protection to the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of this Section.

(a) Except during the continuance of an Event of Default:

(i) the Trustee undertakes to perform such duties and only such duties as are specifically set forth in this Warrant Indenture, and no implied covenants or obligations shall be read into this Warrant Indenture against the Trustee; and

(ii) in the absence of bad faith on its part, the Trustee may conclusively rely, as to the truth of the statements and the correctness of the opinions expressed therein, upon certificates or opinions furnished to the Trustee and conforming to the requirements of this Warrant Indenture; but in the case of any such certificates or opinions which by any provision hereof are specifically required to be furnished to the Trustee, the Trustee shall be under a duty to examine the same to determine whether or not they conform to the requirements of this Warrant Indenture (but need not confirm or investigate the accuracy of mathematical calculations or other facts stated therein).

 

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(b) In case an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing, the Trustee shall exercise such of the rights and powers vested in it by this Warrant Indenture, and use the same degree of care and skill in their exercise, as a prudent person would exercise or use under the circumstances in the conduct of his or her own affairs.

(c) No provision of this Warrant Indenture shall be construed to relieve the Trustee from liability for its own negligent action, its own negligent failure to act, or its own willful misconduct, except that:

(i) this clause shall not be construed to limit the effect of clause (a) of this Section 6.01;

(ii) the Trustee shall not be liable for any error of judgment made in good faith by a Responsible Officer, unless it shall be proved that the Trustee was negligent in ascertaining the pertinent facts; and

(iii) the Trustee shall not be liable with respect to any action taken or omitted to be taken by it in good faith in accordance with the direction of the Holders of a majority in principal amount of the Outstanding Warrants of any series.

Section 6.02 Notice of Defaults . If a default occurs hereunder with respect to Securities of any series, the Trustee shall give the Holders of Securities of such series notice of such default as and to the extent provided by the Trust Indenture Act; provided , however , that in the case of any default of the character specified in Section 5.01(iv) with respect to Securities of such series, no such notice to Holders shall be given until at least 10 days after the occurrence thereof. For the purpose of this Section 6.02, the term “default” means any event which is, or after notice or lapse of time or both would become, an Event of Default with respect to Securities of such series.

Section 6.03 Certain Rights of Trustee . Subject to the provisions of Section 6.01:

(a) the Trustee may conclusively rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, warrant or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties;

(b) any request or direction of the Company mentioned herein shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Company Request or Company Order and any action or resolution of the Board of Directors of the Company shall be sufficiently evidenced by a Board Resolution;

(c) whenever in the administration of this Warrant Indenture the Trustee shall deem it desirable that a matter be proved or established prior to taking, suffering or omitting any action hereunder, the Trustee (unless other evidence be herein specifically prescribed) may, in the absence of bad faith on its part, conclusively rely upon an Officer’s Certificate;

 

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(d) the Trustee may consult with counsel of its selection and the written advice of such counsel or any Opinion of Counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in reliance thereon;

(e) the Trustee shall be under no obligation to exercise any of the rights or powers vested in it by this Warrant Indenture at the request or direction of any of the Holders pursuant to this Warrant Indenture, unless such Holders shall have offered to the Trustee reasonable security or indemnity against the costs, expenses and liabilities which might be incurred by it in compliance with such request or direction;

(f) the Trustee shall not be bound to make any investigation into the facts or matters stated in any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, direction, consent, order, warrant or other paper or document, but the Trustee, in its discretion, may make such further inquiry or investigation into such facts or matters as it may see fit at a reasonable cost to the Company and shall incur no liability or additional liability of any kind by reason of such inquiry or investigation; provided that the Trustee shall not be entitled to such information which the Company is prevented from disclosing as a matter of law or contract;

(g) the Trustee may execute any of the trusts or powers hereunder or perform any duties hereunder either directly or by or through agents or attorneys and the Trustee shall not be responsible for any misconduct or negligence on the part of any agent (other than an officer or employee of the Trustee) or attorney appointed with due care by it hereunder;

(h) the Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken or omitted by it in good faith and believed by it to be authorized or within the discretion or rights or powers conferred upon it by this Warrant Indenture;

(i) the Trustee shall not be deemed to have notice of any default or Event of Default unless a Responsible Officer of the Trustee has actual knowledge thereof or unless written notice of any event which is in fact such a default is received by the Trustee at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and such notice references the Securities and this Warrant Indenture;

(j) the Trustee may request that the Company deliver an Officer’s Certificate setting forth the names of individuals and/or titles of officers authorized at such time to take specified actions pursuant to this Warrant Indenture, which Officer’s Certificate may be signed by any person authorized to sign an Officer’s Certificate, including any person specified as so authorized in any such certificate previously delivered and not superseded;

 

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(k) the rights, privileges, protections, immunities and benefits given to the Trustee, including, without limitation, its right to be indemnified, are extended to, and shall be enforceable by, the Trustee in each of its capacities hereunder;

(l) money held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company;

(m) in no event shall the Trustee be responsible or liable for special, indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind whatsoever (including, but not limited to, loss of profit), even if the Trustee has been advised as to the likelihood of such loss or damage and regardless of the form of action;

(n) the Trustee shall not be responsible or liable for any failure or delay in the performance of its obligations under this Warrant Indenture arising out of or caused, directly or indirectly, by circumstances beyond its reasonable control, including, without limitation, strikes, work stoppages, accidents, acts of war or terrorism, civil or military disturbances, nuclear or natural catastrophes or acts of God, and interruptions, loss or malfunctions of utilities, communications or computer (software and hardware) services; provided that the Trustee shall use reasonable efforts which are consistent with accepted practices in the banking industry to resume performance as soon as practicable under the circumstances; and

(o) any moneys in any of the funds and accounts to be established by the Trustee pursuant to this Indenture shall be invested by the Trustee upon the written direction (including telecopy) of the Company (such direction to specify the particular investment to be made), if and to the extent then permitted by law.

In the event of a loss on the sale of such investments (after giving effect to any interest or other income thereon except to the extent theretofore paid to the Company), the Trustee shall have no responsibility in respect of such loss except that the Trustee shall notify the Company of the amount of such loss in periodic statements and the Company shall promptly pay such amount to the Trustee to be credited as part of the moneys originally invested.

The Trustee shall have no liability whatsoever for any loss, fee, tax or other charge incurred in connection with any investment, reinvestment or liquidation of any investment hereunder.

Section 6.04 Not Responsible for Recitals or Issuance of Securities . The recitals contained herein and in the Securities, except the Trustee’s certificates of authentication, shall be taken as the statements of the Company, and the Trustee does not assume any responsibility for their correctness. The Trustee makes no representations as to the validity or sufficiency of this Warrant Indenture or of the Securities except that the Trustee represents and warrants that it has duly authorized, executed and delivered this Warrant Indenture. The Trustee shall not be accountable for the use or application by the Company of Securities or the proceeds thereof.

 

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Section 6.05 May Hold Securities . The Trustee, any Paying Agent, any Security Registrar and any Calculation Agent or any other agent of the Company, in its individual or any other capacity, may become the owner or pledgee of Securities and, subject to Sections 6.08 and 6.13, may otherwise deal with the Company with the same rights it would have if it were not Trustee, Paying Agent, Security Registrar, Calculation Agent or such other agent.

Section 6.06 Money or Warrant Property Held in Trust . Money or Warrant Property held by the Trustee in trust hereunder need not be segregated from other funds, securities or other property except to the extent required by law. The Trustee shall be under no liability for interest on any money or Warrant Property received by it hereunder except as otherwise agreed in writing with the Company.

Section 6.07 Compensation and Reimbursement . The Company agrees

(a) to pay to the Trustee from time to time such compensation for all services rendered by it hereunder as agreed in writing by the Company from time to time (which compensation shall not be limited by any provision of law in regard to the compensation of a trustee of an express trust);

(b) except as otherwise expressly provided herein, to reimburse the Trustee upon its request for all reasonable expenses, disbursements and advances incurred or made by the Trustee in accordance with any provision of this Warrant Indenture (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursements of its agents and counsel), except any such expense, disbursement or advance as may be attributable to its negligence or bad faith; and

(c) to indemnify the Trustee or any predecessor Trustee for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, damage, claims, liability or expense incurred without negligence or bad faith on its part arising out of or in connection with the acceptance or administration of the trust or trusts hereunder, including the costs and expenses of defending itself against any claim or liability in connection with the exercise or performance of any of its powers or duties hereunder (including the reasonable compensation and the expenses and disbursement of its counsel) but excluding any tax liabilities of the Trustee based upon, measured by or determined by the income of the Trustee. The provisions of this Section shall survive the satisfaction and discharge of the Securities and the termination for any reason of this Indenture and the resignation or removal of the Trustee.

The Trustee shall notify the Company in writing of the commencement of any action or claim in respect of which indemnification may be sought promptly after the Trustee becomes aware of such commencement (provided that the failure to make such notification shall not affect the Trustee’s rights hereunder) and the Company shall be entitled to participate in, and to the extent it shall wish, to assume the defense thereof,

 

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including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee. The Trustee shall not compromise or settle any such action or claim without the written consent of the Company, which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld. As security for the performance of the obligations of the Company under this Section, the Trustee shall have a senior claim, to which the Securities are hereby made subordinate, upon all property of funds held or collected by the Trustee as such, except funds held in trust for the payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property on the Securities.

Section 6.08 Disqualification; Conflicting Interests . If the Trustee has or shall acquire a conflicting interest within the meaning of the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall either eliminate such interest or resign, to the extent and in the manner provided by, and subject to the provisions of, the Trust Indenture Act and this Warrant Indenture. To the extent permitted by the Trust Indenture Act, the Trustee shall not be deemed to have a conflicting interest by virtue of being a trustee under this Indenture with respect to Securities of more than one series; a trustee under the Senior Debt Indenture, dated as of September 16, 2004, between the Company and the Trustee, as supplemented or amended; a trustee under the Dated Subordinated Debt Indenture, dated as of June 30, 1998, between the Company and the Trustee, as supplemented or amended; or a trustee under any other indenture, or a fiscal agent under any other fiscal agency agreement, of the Company.

Section 6.09 Corporate Trustee Required; Eligibility . There shall at all times be a Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of each series which shall be a corporation organized and doing business under the laws of the United States of America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia, authorized under such laws to exercise corporate trust powers, having a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000, subject to supervision or examination by Federal or State or District of Columbia authority and, if there be such corporation willing and able to act as trustee on reasonable and customary terms, having its corporate trust office or agency in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York. If such corporation publishes reports of condition at least annually, pursuant to law or to the requirements of said supervising or examining authority, then for the purposes of this Section, the combined capital and surplus of such corporation shall be deemed to be its combined capital and surplus as set forth in its most recent report of condition so published. If at any time the Trustee shall cease to be eligible in accordance with the provisions of this Section, it shall resign immediately in the manner and with the effect hereinafter specified in this Article.

Section 6.10 Resignation and Removal; Appointment of Successor . (a) No resignation or removal of the Trustee and no appointment of a successor Trustee pursuant to this Article shall become effective until the acceptance of appointment by the successor Trustee in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11.

(b) The Trustee may resign at any time with respect to the Securities of one or more series by giving written notice thereof to the Company. If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 6.11 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 30 days after the giving of such notice of resignation, the resigning Trustee may petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

 

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(c) The Trustee may be removed at any time with respect to the Securities of any series by Act of the Holders of a majority in number of the Outstanding Warrants of such series delivered to the Trustee and to the Company.

(d) If at any time:

(i) the Trustee shall fail to comply with Section 6.08 after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of the series as to which the Trustee has a conflicting interest for at least six months, or

(ii) the Trustee shall cease to be eligible under Section 6.09 and shall fail to resign after written request therefor by the Company or by any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months, or

(iii) the Trustee shall become incapable of acting or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent or a receiver of the Trustee or of its property shall be appointed or any public officer shall take charge, or control of the Trustee or of its property or affairs for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation,

then, in any such case, (x) the Company by a Board Resolution may remove the Trustee with respect to any or all series of Securities or (y) subject to Section 5.14, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security for at least six months (and, in the case of subparagraph (d)(i) above, who is a Holder of a Security of the series as to which the Trustee has a conflicting interest) may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the removal of the Trustee with respect to all Securities and the appointment of a successor Trustee or Trustees.

(e) If the Trustee shall resign, be removed or become incapable of acting, or if a vacancy shall occur in the office of Trustee for any cause, with respect to the Securities of one or more series, the Company, by a Board Resolution, shall promptly appoint a successor Trustee or Trustees with respect to the Securities of such series (it being understood that any successor Trustee may be appointed with respect to the Securities of one or more or all of such series and at any time there shall be only one Trustee with respect to the Securities of any particular series), and shall comply with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11. If, within one year after such resignation, removal or incapability, or the occurrence of such vacancy, a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall be appointed by Act of the Holders of a majority in number of the Outstanding Warrants of such series delivered to the Company and the retiring Trustee, the successor Trustee so appointed shall, forthwith upon its acceptance of such appointment in accordance with the applicable requirements of Section 6.11, become the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and to

 

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that extent supersede the successor Trustee appointed by the Company. If no successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series shall have been so appointed by the Company or the Holders of Securities of such series and accepted appointment in the manner hereinafter required by Section 6.11, any Holder who has been a bona fide Holder of a Security of such series for at least six months may, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

(f) The Company shall give notice of each resignation and each removal of the Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series and each appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of any series in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 1.06. Each notice shall include the name of the successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series and the address of its Corporate Trust Office.

(g) If the instrument of acceptance by a successor Trustee required by Section 6.11 shall not have been delivered to the Trustee within 60 calendar days after giving of a notice of removal of the Trustee, the Trustee being removed may, at the expense of the Company, petition any court of competent jurisdiction for the appointment of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series.

Section 6.11 Acceptance of Appointment by Successor . (a) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to all Securities, every such successor Trustee so appointed shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to the Company and to the retiring Trustee an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective and such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee; but, on the request of the Company or the successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall, upon payment of its charges, execute and deliver an instrument transferring to such successor Trustee, all the rights, powers and trusts of the retiring Trustee and shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all money, Warrant Property and other property held by such retiring Trustee hereunder.

(b) In case of the appointment hereunder of a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more (but not all) series, the Company, the retiring Trustee and each successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series shall execute and deliver an indenture supplemental hereto wherein each successor Trustee shall accept such appointment and which (i) shall contain such provisions as shall be necessary or desirable to transfer and confirm to, and to vest in, each successor Trustee all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates, (ii) if the retiring Trustee is not retiring with respect to all Securities, shall contain such provisions as shall be deemed necessary or desirable to confirm that all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of

 

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the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series as to which the retiring Trustee is not retiring shall continue to be vested in the retiring Trustee, and (iii) shall add to or change any of the provisions of this Warrant Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, it being understood that nothing herein or in such supplemental indenture shall constitute such Trustees co-trustees of the same trust and that each such Trustee shall be trustee of a trust or trusts hereunder separate and apart from any trust or trusts hereunder administered by any other such Trustee; and upon the execution and delivery of such supplemental indenture the resignation or removal of the retiring Trustee shall become effective to the extent provided therein and each such successor Trustee, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the rights, powers, trusts and duties of the retiring Trustee with respect to the Securities of such series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates; but, on request of the Company or any successor Trustee, such retiring Trustee shall duly assign, transfer and deliver to such successor Trustee all money, Warrant Property and other property held by such retiring Trustee hereunder with respect to the Securities of such series to which the appointment of such successor Trustee relates.

(c) Upon request of any such successor Trustee, the Company shall execute any and all instruments for more fully and certainly vesting in and confirming to such successor Trustee all such rights, powers and trusts referred to in paragraph (a) or (b) of this Section, as the case may be.

(d) No successor Trustee shall accept its appointment unless at the time of such acceptance such successor Trustee shall be qualified and eligible under this Article.

Section 6.12 Merger, Conversion, Consolidation or Succession to Business . Any corporation into which the Trustee may be merged or converted or with which it may be consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Trustee shall be a party, or any corporation succeeding to all or substantially all the corporate trust business of the Trustee, shall be the successor of the Trustee hereunder, provided such corporation shall be otherwise qualified and eligible under this Article, without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties hereto. In case any Securities shall have been authenticated, but not delivered, by the Trustee then in office, any successor by merger, conversion or consolidation to such authenticating Trustee may adopt such authentication and deliver the Securities so authenticated with the same effect as if such successor Trustee had itself authenticated such Securities.

Section 6.13 Preferential Collection of Claims . If and when the Trustee shall be or become a creditor of the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of a series), the Trustee shall be subject to the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act regarding the collection of claims against the Company (or any such other obligor).

 

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Section 6.14 Trustee’s Application for Instructions from the Company . The Trustee may request from the Company by written application to an Executive Director, Senior Executive Director (or officer with similar title or status), the Secretary, a Deputy Secretary, Assistant Secretary, the Group Treasurer, a Senior Director or Director within Capital Planning or Group Financial Controller (or officer with similar title or status) for written instructions with respect to any matter arising in connection with the Trustee’s duties under this Warrant Indenture. Any application by the Trustee for written instructions from the Company may, at the option of the Trustee, set forth in writing any action proposed to be taken or omitted by the Trustee under this Warrant Indenture and the date on or after which such action shall be taken or such omission shall be effective. The Trustee shall not be liable for any action taken by, or omission of, the Trustee in accordance with a proposal included in such application on or after the date specified in such application (which date shall not be less than five Business Days after the date any such officer of the Company actually receives such application, unless any such officer shall have consented in writing to any earlier date) unless prior to taking any such action (or the effective date in the case of an omission), the Trustee shall have received written instructions in response to such application specifying the action to be taken or omitted.

ARTICLE 7

H OLDERS ’ L ISTS AND R EPORTS BY T RUSTEE AND C OMPANY

Section 7.01 Company to Furnish Trustee Names and Addresses of Holders . The Company, with respect to any series of Securities in registered form, will furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee

(a) semi-annually, not later than May 15 and November 15 in each year, a list, in such form as the Trustee may reasonably require, of the names and addresses of the Holders of registered Securities of each series as of the immediately preceding May 1 or November 1, as the case may be, and

(b) at such other times as the Trustee may request in writing, within 30 days after the receipt by the Company of any such request, a list of similar form and content as of a date not more than 15 days prior to the time such list is furnished.

The Company need not furnish or cause to be furnished to the Trustee pursuant to this Section 7.01 the names and addresses of Holders of registered Securities so long as the Trustee acts as Security Registrar with respect to such series of Securities.

Section 7.02 Preservation of Information; Communications to Holders . (a) The Trustee shall preserve, in as current a form as is reasonably practicable, the names and addresses of Holders (i) contained in the most recent list furnished to the Trustee as provided in Section 7.01 and (ii) received by the Trustee in its capacity as Paying Agent or Security Registrar (if so acting). The Trustee may destroy any list furnished to it as provided in Section 7.01 upon receipt of a new list so furnished.

 

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(b) The rights of the Holders of Securities of any series to communicate with other Holders with respect to their rights under this Warrant Indenture or under the Securities, and the corresponding rights and privileges of the Trustee, shall be as provided by the Trust Indenture Act.

(c) Every Holder, by receiving and holding a Security, agrees with the Company and the Trustee that neither the Company nor the Trustee nor any agent of any of them shall be held accountable by reason of the disclosure of any such information as to the names and addresses of the Holders in accordance with Section 7.02(b).

Section 7.03 Reports by Trustee . (a) On or before June 1 in each year following the date hereof, so long as any Securities are Outstanding hereunder, the Trustee shall transmit to Holders as provided in the Trust Indenture Act a brief report dated as of such date as required by and in compliance with the Trust Indenture Act.

(b) A copy of each such report shall, at the time of such transmission to Holders, be filed by the Trustee with each securities exchange upon which the Trustee has been notified that the Securities are listed, with the Commission and with the Company. The Company will notify the Trustee when Securities are listed on any securities exchange or are delisted therefrom.

(c) The Company will furnish the Trustee with interim and annual reports. In addition, the Company will furnish the Trustee with all notices of meetings at which Holders of Securities of a particular series are entitled to vote, and all other reports and communications that are made generally available to Holders of Securities. The Trustee will, at the Company’s expense, make such notices, reports and communications available for inspection by Holders of Securities in such manner as the Company may determine and, in the case of any notice received by the Trustee in respect of any meeting at which Holders of Securities of a particular series are entitled to vote, will mail to all such record Holders of Securities, at the Company’s expense, a notice containing a summary of the information set forth in such notice of meeting.

Section 7.04 Reports by Company . The Company shall:

(a) file with the Trustee, within 15 days after the Company is required to file the same with the Commission, copies of the annual reports and of the information, documents and other reports (or copies of such portions of any of the foregoing as the Commission may from time to time by rules and regulations prescribe) which the Company may be required to file with the Commission pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Exchange Act; or, if the Company is not required to file information, documents or reports pursuant to either of such Sections, then it shall file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such of the supplementary and periodic information, documents and reports which may be required pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act in respect of a security listed and registered on a national securities exchange as may be prescribed from time to time in such rules and regulations;

 

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(b) file with the Trustee and the Commission, in accordance with rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission, such additional information, documents and reports with respect to compliance by the Company with the conditions and covenants of this Warrant Indenture as may be required from time to time by such rules and regulations; and

(c) transmit to Holders, in the manner and to the extent required by the Trust Indenture Act, within 30 days after the filing thereof with the Trustee, such summaries of any information, documents and reports required to be filed by the Company pursuant to paragraphs (a) and (b) of this Section as may be required by rules and regulations prescribed from time to time by the Commission.

Delivery of such reports, information and documents to the Trustee is for informational purposes only and the Trustee’s receipt of such shall not constitute constructive notice of any information contained therein or determinable from information contained therein, including the Company’s compliance with any of its covenants hereunder.

ARTICLE 8

C ONSOLIDATION , M ERGER , C ONVEYANCE OR T RANSFER

Section 8.01 Company May Consolidate, etc. Only on Certain Terms . The Company may, without the consent of Holders of any Securities of any series Outstanding under this Warrant Indenture, consolidate or amalgamate with or merge into any other corporation or convey or transfer or lease its properties and assets substantially as an entirety to any Person, provided that:

(a) the Person formed by such consolidation or amalgamation or into which the Company is merged or the Person which acquires by conveyance or transfer or which leases the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety (i) shall be a company organized and validly existing under the laws of the United Kingdom or any political subdivision thereof and entitled to carry on the business of a bank, and (ii) shall expressly assume, by an indenture supplemental hereto, executed and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, the due and punctual payment or delivery of the money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable by the Company with respect to all the Securities in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Warrant Indenture and the performance or observance of every covenant of this Warrant Indenture on the part of the Company to be performed or observed and shall have provided for the right to exercise each Security in accordance with its terms;

(b) immediately after giving effect to such transaction and treating any indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the Company or any Subsidiary thereof as a result of such transaction as having been incurred by the Company or

 

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such Subsidiary at the time of such transaction, no Event of Default and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default shall have happened and be continuing; and

(c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation, amalgamation, merger, conveyance or transfer and such supplemental indenture comply with this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such transaction have been complied with.

Section 8.02 Successor Person Substituted . Upon any consolidation, amalgamation or merger or any conveyance or transfer or lease of the properties and assets of the Company substantially as an entirety in accordance with Section 8.01, the successor Person formed by such consolidation or amalgamation or into which the Company is merged or the Person to which such conveyance or transfer is made shall succeed to and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Warrant Indenture with the same effect as if such successor Person had been named as the Company herein, and thereafter, the predecessor Person shall be relieved of all obligations and covenants under this Warrant Indenture and the Securities.

Section 8.03 Assumption of Obligations . With respect to the Securities of any series, a wholly-owned Subsidiary of the Company (a “successor entity”) may without the consent of any Holder assume the obligations of the Company (or any Person which shall have previously assumed the obligations of the Company) for the due and punctual payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property, on any series of Securities in accordance with the provisions of such Securities and this Warrant Indenture and the performance of every covenant of this Warrant Indenture and such series of Securities on the part of the Company to be performed or observed, provided that:

(a) the successor entity shall expressly assume such obligations by an amendment to the Warrant Indenture, executed by the Company and such successor entity, if applicable, and delivered to the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, and the Company shall, by amendment to the Warrant Indenture, irrevocably guarantee all of the obligations of such successor entity under the Securities of such series and the Warrant Indenture as so modified by such amendment;

(b) immediately after giving effect to such assumption of obligations, no Event of Default and no event which, after notice or lapse of time or both, would become an Event of Default, shall have occurred and be continuing; and

(c) the Company has delivered to the Trustee an Officer’s Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such assumption complies with this Article and that all conditions precedent herein provided for relating to such assumption have been complied with.

 

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Upon any such assumption, the successor entity shall succeed to, and be substituted for, and may exercise every right and power of, the Company under this Warrant Indenture with respect to any such Securities with the same effect as if such successor entity had been named as the Company in this Warrant Indenture, and the Company or any legal and valid successor corporation which shall theretofore have become such in the manner prescribed herein, shall be released from all liability as obligor upon any such Securities except as provided in clause (a) of this Section.

ARTICLE 9

S UPPLEMENTAL I NDENTURES

Section 9.01 Supplemental Indentures Without Consent of Holders . Without the consent of any Holders, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee, at any time and from time to time, may enter into one or more indentures supplemental hereto, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, for any of the following purposes:

(a) to evidence the succession of another Person to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company herein and in the Securities to the extent otherwise permitted under this Warrant Indenture or any supplement hereto; or

(b) to add to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and, if such covenants are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such covenants are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series) or to surrender any right or power herein conferred upon the Company; or

(c) to add any additional Events of Default for the benefit of the Holders of all or any series of Securities (and, if such additional Events of Default are to be for the benefit of less than all series of Securities, stating that such additional Events of Default are expressly being included solely for the benefit of such series); or

(d) to add to, change or eliminate any of the provisions of this Warrant Indenture in respect of one or more series of Securities, provided that any such addition, change or elimination (i) shall neither (A) apply to any Security of any series created prior to the execution of such supplemental indenture and entitled to the benefit of such provision nor (B) modify the rights of the Holder of any such Security with respect to such provision or (ii) shall become effective only when there is no such Security Outstanding; or

(e) to secure the Securities; or

(f) to establish the form or terms of Securities of any series appertaining thereto as permitted by Sections 2.01 and 3.01; or

 

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(g) to change any Place of Payment, so long as the Place of Payment as required by Section 3.01(j) is maintained; or

(h) to cure any ambiguity or to correct or supplement any provision herein which may be defective or inconsistent with any other provision herein or in any supplemental indenture, provided that such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series in any material respect; or

(i) to make any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Warrant Indenture, provided such action shall not adversely affect the interests of the Holders of Securities of any series in any material respect; or

(j) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of appointment hereunder by a successor Trustee with respect to the Securities of one or more series and to add to or change any of the provisions of this Warrant Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for or facilitate the administration of the trusts hereunder by more than one Trustee, pursuant to the requirements of Section 6.11(b); or

(k) to change or eliminate any provision of this Warrant Indenture as permitted by Section 1.07.

Section 9.02 Supplemental Indentures With Consent of Holders . With the consent of the Holders of not less than a majority in number of the Outstanding Warrants of each series affected by such supplemental Warrant Indenture (voting as a class), by Act of said Holders delivered to the Company and the Trustee, the Company, when authorized by a Board Resolution, and the Trustee may enter into an indenture or indentures supplemental hereto for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Warrant Indenture or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series under this Warrant Indenture; provided , however , that no such supplemental indenture may, without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby,

(a) change the terms of any Security with respect to the Payment or Settlement Date or exercise price thereof, or reduce the amount of money or reduce the amount or change the kind of Warrant Property payable or deliverable upon the exercise thereof or any premium payable upon the redemption thereof, or change any Place of Payment where, or the coin or currency in which, any Security or money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable in the exercise thereof is payable or deliverable, or permit the Company to redeem any Security if, absent such supplemental indenture, the Company would not be permitted to do so, or impair the right to institute suit for the enforcement of any such payment or delivery on or after the Payment or Settlement Date (or, in the case of redemption, on or after the Redemption Date) thereof, or impair the Holder’s right to exercise such Security on the terms provided therein; or

 

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(b) reduce the percentage in number of the Outstanding Warrants of any series, the consent of whose Holders is required for any such supplemental indenture, or the consent of whose Holders is required for any waiver (of compliance with certain provisions of this Warrant Indenture or of certain defaults hereunder and their consequences) provided for in this Warrant Indenture; or

(c) change any obligation of the Company to maintain an office or agency in the places and for the purposes specified in Section 10.02; or

(d) modify any of the provisions of this Section 9.02 or Section 5.12 except to increase any such percentage or to provide that certain other provisions of this Warrant Indenture cannot be modified or waived without the consent of the Holder of each Outstanding Security affected thereby; provided , however , that this Clause shall not be deemed to require the consent of any Holder with respect to changes in the references to the “Trustee” and concomitant changes in this Section, or the deletion of this proviso, in accordance with the requirements of Sections 6.11(b) and 9.01(j); or

(e) change in any manner adverse to the interests of the Holders of any Securities the terms and conditions of the obligations of the Company in respect of the due and punctual payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable on the Securities.

It shall not be necessary for any Act of Holders under this Section to approve the particular form of any proposed supplemental indenture, but it shall be sufficient if such Act shall approve the substance thereof.

A supplemental indenture which changes or eliminates any covenant or other provision of this Warrant Indenture which has expressly been included solely for the benefit of one or more particular series of Securities, or which modifies the rights of the Holders of Securities of such series with respect to such covenant or other provision, shall be deemed not to affect the rights under this Warrant Indenture of the Holders of Securities of any other series.

Section 9.03 Execution of Supplemental Indentures . In executing, or accepting the additional trusts created by, any supplemental indenture permitted by this Article or the modifications thereby of the trusts created by this Securities Indenture, the Trustee shall be entitled to receive, and (subject to Section 6.01) shall be fully protected in relying upon, an Opinion of Counsel stating that the execution of such supplemental indenture is authorized or permitted by this Warrant Indenture. The Trustee may, but shall not be obliged to, enter into any such supplemental indenture which affects the Trustee’s own rights, duties or immunities under this Warrant Indenture or otherwise.

Section 9.04 Effect of Supplemental Indentures . Upon the execution of any supplemental indenture under this Article, this Warrant Indenture shall be modified in accordance therewith, and such supplemental indenture shall form a part of this Warrant Indenture for all purposes; and every Holder of Securities theretofore or thereafter authenticated and delivered hereunder shall be bound thereby, except as otherwise expressed therein.

 

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Section 9.05 Conformity with Trust Indenture Act . Every supplemental indenture executed pursuant to this Article shall conform to the requirements of the Trust Indenture Act as then in effect.

Section 9.06 Reference in Securities to Supplemental Indentures . Securities of any series authenticated and delivered after the execution of any supplemental indenture pursuant to this Article may, and shall if required by the Trustee, bear a notation in form approved by the Trustee as to any matter provided for in such supplemental indenture. If the Company shall so determine, new Securities of any series so modified as to conform, in the opinion of the Trustee and the Company, to any such supplemental indenture may be prepared and executed by the Company and such Securities may be authenticated and delivered by the Trustee in exchange for Outstanding Securities of such series.

ARTICLE 10

C OVENANTS

Section 10.01 Payment or Delivery of Money or Warrant Property . The Company covenants and agrees for the benefit of each series of Securities that it will (subject to Section 3.07) duly and punctually pay or deliver the money or Warrant Property payable or deliverable in accordance with the terms of the Securities and this Warrant Indenture.

Section 10.02 Maintenance of Office or Agency . The Company will maintain in each Place of Payment for any series of Securities an office or agency where Securities of that series may be presented or surrendered for payment, where Securities of that series may be surrendered for registration of transfer or exchange and where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of the Securities of that series and this Warrant Indenture may be served. Unless otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01, the Company will maintain in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York, an office or agency where notices and demands to or upon the Company in respect of Securities of any series and this Warrant Indenture may be served. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of the location, and any change in the location, of such office or agency. If at any time the Company shall fail to maintain any such required office or agency or shall fail to furnish the Trustee with the address thereof, such presentations, surrenders, notices and demands may be made or served at the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee, and the Company hereby appoints the Trustee as its agent to receive all presentations, surrenders, notices and demands.

The Company may also from time to time designate one or more other offices or agencies (in or outside the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York) where the Securities of one or more series may be presented or surrendered for any or all such purposes and may from time to time rescind such designations; provided , however , that

 

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no such designation or rescission shall in any manner relieve the Company of any obligation to maintain an office or agency in each Place of Payment (except as otherwise indicated in this Section) for Securities of any series for such purposes. The Company will give prompt written notice to the Trustee of any such designation or rescission and of any change in the location of any such other office or agency.

With respect to any Global Security, and except as otherwise may be specified for such Global Security as contemplated by Section 3.01, the Corporate Trust Office of the Trustee shall be the Place of Payment where such Global Security may be presented or surrendered for exercise, payment or delivery of money or Warrant Property due with respect to such Security or registration of transfer or exchange, or where successor Securities may be delivered in exchange therefor.

Section 10.03 Money and Warrant Property for Securities Payments and Deliveries to Be Held in Trust . If the Company shall at any time act as Paying Agent with respect to the Securities of any series, it will, on or before the Payment or Settlement Date of the Securities of that series, segregate and hold in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant Indenture money or Warrant Property sufficient to pay or deliver the money or Warrant Property becoming due until such sums or property shall be paid or delivered to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided and will promptly notify the Trustee of its failure so to act.

Whenever the Company shall have one or more Paying Agents for any series of Securities, it will, prior to the Payment or Settlement Date of the Securities of that series, deposit with a Paying Agent money or Warrant Property sufficient to pay or deliver the money or Warrant Property becoming due, such money or Warrant Property to be held in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled to such money or Warrant Property in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant Indenture, and (unless such Paying Agent is the Trustee) the Company will promptly notify the Trustee of its action or its failure so to act. The Company will cause each Paying Agent for any series of Securities other than the Trustee to execute and deliver to the Trustee an instrument in which such Paying Agent shall agree with the Trustee, subject to the provisions of this Section, that such Paying Agent will:

(a) comply with the provisions of the Trust Indenture Act applicable to it as a Paying Agent and hold all money or Warrant Property held by it for the payment or delivery of the money or Warrant Property on Securities of that series in trust for the benefit of the Persons entitled thereto in accordance with the provisions of this Warrant Indenture until such money or Warrant Property shall be paid or delivered to such Persons or otherwise disposed of as herein provided;

(b) give the Trustee timely notice of any default by the Company (or any other obligor upon the Securities of that series) in the making of any payment or delivery, when due and payable or deliverable on Securities of that series; and

 

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(c) at any time during the continuance of any such default, upon the written request of the Trustee, forthwith pay to the Trustee all money or Warrant Property so held in trust by such Paying Agent.

The Company may at any time, for the purpose of obtaining the satisfaction and discharge of this Warrant Indenture or for any other purpose, pay or deliver, or by Company Order direct any Paying Agent to pay or deliver, to the Trustee all money or Warrant Property held in trust by the Company or such Paying Agent, such money or Warrant Property to be held by the Trustee upon the same trusts as those upon which such money or Warrant Property were held by the Company or such Paying Agent; and, upon such payment or delivery by any Paying Agent to the Trustee such Paying Agent shall be released from all further liability with respect to such money or Warrant Property.

Any money or Warrant Property deposited with the Trustee or any Paying Agent, or then held by the Company, in trust for the payment or delivery of the amounts due on any Security of any series and remaining unclaimed for two years after such amounts have become due and payable or deliverable shall be paid or delivered to the Company on Company Request, or (if then held by the Company) shall be discharged from such trust; and the Holder of such Security shall thereafter, as an unsecured general creditor, look only to the Company for payment or delivery thereof, and all liability of the Trustee or such Paying Agent with respect to such trust money or property, and all liability of the Company as trustee thereof, shall thereupon cease; provided , however , that the Trustee or such Paying Agent, before being required to make any such repayment or redelivery, may at the expense of the Company cause to be published at least once, in Authorized Newspapers, published in the Borough of Manhattan, The City of New York and London, England, notice that such money or Warrant Property remains unclaimed and that, after a date specified therein, which shall not be less than 30 days from the date of such publication, any unclaimed balance of such money or Warrant Property then remaining will be repaid or redelivered to the Company.

Section 10.04 Corporate Existence . Subject to Article Eight, the Company will do or cause to be done all things necessary to preserve and keep in full force and effect its corporate existence.

Section 10.05 Statement as to Compliance . The Company will deliver to the Trustee, within 120 days after the end of each fiscal year, a certificate in compliance with Section 314(a)(4) of the Trust Indenture Act.

ARTICLE 11

R EDEMPTION OF S ECURITIES

Section 11.01 Applicability of Article . Securities of any series which are redeemable before their Expiration Date shall be redeemable in accordance with their terms and (except as otherwise specified pursuant to Section 3.01 for Securities of any series) in accordance with this Article.

 

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Section 11.02 Election to Redeem; Notice to Trustee . The election of the Company to redeem any Securities shall be evidenced by a Board Resolution. The Company shall, at least 60 days prior to the Redemption Date fixed by the Company (unless a shorter notice shall be satisfactory to the Trustee), notify the Trustee of such Redemption Date and of the number of Warrants of such series to be redeemed. In the case of any redemption of Securities of any series prior to the expiration of any provision restricting such redemption provided in the terms of such Securities or elsewhere in this Warrant Indenture, the Company shall furnish the Trustee with an Officer’s Certificate evidencing compliance with or waiver of such provision.

Section 11.03 Selection by Trustee of Securities to Be Redeemed . If less than all the Securities of any series are to be redeemed (unless all the Securities of such series are to be redeemed or unless such redemption affects only a single Security), the particular Securities to be redeemed shall be selected not more than 60 days nor less than 30 days prior to the Redemption Date by the Trustee, from the Outstanding Securities of such series not previously called for redemption, by such customary methods as the Trustee shall deem fair and appropriate and which may provide for the selection for redemption of portions (equal to the minimum authorized denomination for registered Securities of that series or any multiple thereof) of the number of Securities of such series of a denomination larger than the minimum authorized denomination for Securities of that series.

If any Security selected for partial redemption is exercised in part before termination of the exercise right with respect to the portion of the Security so selected, the exercised portion of such Security shall be deemed (so far as may be) to be the portion selected for redemption. Securities which have been exercised during a selection of Securities to be redeemed shall be treated by the Trustee as Outstanding for the purpose of such selection.

The Trustee shall promptly notify the Company and each Security Registrar in writing of the Securities selected for redemption and, in the case of any Securities selected for partial redemption, the amount thereof to be redeemed.

The provisions of the two preceding paragraphs shall not apply with respect to any redemption affecting only a single Security, whether such Security is to be redeemed in whole or in part. In the case of any such redemption in part, the unredeemed portion of the Security shall be in an authorized denomination (which shall not be less than the minimum authorized denomination) for such Security.

For all purposes of this Warrant Indenture, unless the context otherwise requires, all provisions relating to the redemption of Securities shall relate in the case of any Securities redeemed or to be redeemed only in part, to the portion of such Securities which has been or is to be redeemed.

Section 11.04 Notice of Redemption . Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 3.01 with respect to any series of Securities, notice of redemption shall be given not less than 30 nor more than 60 days prior to the Redemption Date to each Holder of Securities to be redeemed in the manner and to the extent provided in Section 1.06.

 

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All notices of redemption shall state:

(a) the Redemption Date,

(b) the Redemption Price,

(c) if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series consisting of more than a single Security are to be redeemed, the identification (and, in the case of partial redemption of any such Securities, the amounts) of the Securities to be redeemed and, if less than all the Outstanding Securities of any series consisting of a single Security are to be redeemed, the amount of the particular Security to be redeemed,

(d) that on the Redemption Date the Redemption Price will become due and payable upon each such Security to be redeemed,

(e) the place or places where such Securities are to be surrendered for payment of the Redemption Price,

(f) if applicable, the terms of exercise, the date on which the right to exercise the Security to be redeemed will terminate and the place or places where such Securities may be surrendered for exercise, and

(g) the CUSIP number or numbers, if any, with respect to such Securities.

Notice of redemption of Securities to be redeemed at the selection of the Company shall be given by the Company or, at the Company’s Request, by the Trustee in the name and at the expense of the Company.

Section 11.05 Deposit of Redemption Price . On or prior to any Redemption Date, the Company shall deposit with the Trustee or with a Paying Agent (or, if the Company is acting as Paying Agent, segregate and hold in trust as provided in Section 10.03) an amount of money sufficient to pay the Redemption Price of all the Securities which are to be redeemed on that date, other than any Securities called for redemption on that date which have been exercised prior to the date of such deposit.

Section 11.06 Securities Payable on Redemption Date . Notice of redemption having been given as aforesaid, the Securities so to be redeemed shall, on the Redemption Date, become due and payable at the Redemption Price therein specified. Upon surrender of any such Security for redemption in accordance with said notice, such Security shall be paid by the Company at the Redemption Price.

Section 11.07 Securities Redeemed in Part . Any Security which is to be redeemed only in part shall be surrendered at a Place of Payment therefor (with, if the

 

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Company or the Trustee so requires, due endorsement by, or a written instrument of transfer in form satisfactory to the Company and the Trustee duly executed by, the Holder thereof or his attorney duly authorized in writing), and the Company shall execute, and the Trustee shall authenticate and deliver to the Holder of such Security without service charge, a new Security or Securities of the same series and of like tenor, of any authorized denomination as requested by such Holder, in number equal to and in exchange for the unredeemed portion of the Security so surrendered.

Section 11.08 Optional Redemption Due to Changes in Tax Treatment . Unless otherwise provided as contemplated by Section 3.01 with respect to any series of Securities, the Securities of any series will be redeemable as a whole but not in part at the option of the Company upon not less than 35 nor more than 60 days’ written notice to the Trustee and notice to the Holders in accordance with Section 11.04, on the date specified in such notice (at the Redemption Price of such Securities) if at any time the Company shall determine that as a result of a change in or amendment to the laws or regulations of a Taxing Jurisdiction (including any treaty to which such Taxing Jurisdiction is a party), or a change in an official application or interpretation of such laws or regulations (including a decision of any court or tribunal), which change or amendment becomes effective on or after the date specified pursuant to Section 3.01 relating to such series and, in the event that any successor entity has assumed the obligations of the Company, which change or amendment becomes effective on or after the date of such assumption of the Company’s obligations, the Company or any such successor entity will become subject to any adverse tax consequences. In any case where the Company shall determine that as a result of this Section 11.08 it is entitled to redeem Securities of any series, the Company shall be required to deliver to the Trustee prior to the giving of any notice of redemption a written legal opinion of independent counsel of recognized standing (selected by the Company) in a form satisfactory to the Trustee confirming that the Company is entitled to exercise its right of redemption under this Section 11.08.

The successor entity that assumes the obligations of the Company pursuant to Section 8.03 shall also be entitled to redeem the Securities of relevant series in accordance with this Section 11.08 with respect to any change or amendment to, or change in the application or interpretation of the laws or regulations (including any treaty) of the successor entity’s jurisdiction of incorporation which change or amendment occurs subsequent to the date of any such assumption.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company and the Trustee have caused this Warrant Indenture to be duly executed, all as of the day and year first above written.

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON,

as Trustee

By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

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Exhibit 4.5

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

[FORM OF WARRANT AGREEMENT]

dated as of                           ,         

between

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

and

[NAME OF WARRANT AGENT], as Warrant Agent

[                                  ] Warrants

Expiring                           ,         


     TABLE OF CONTENTS     
          Page

PARTIES

      1

RECITALS

      1
   ARTICLE I   
  

ISSUANCE OF WARRANTS AND FORM, EXECUTION, DELIVERY AND

REGISTRATION OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES

  

SECTION 1.01.

   Issuance of Warrants    2

SECTION 1.02.

   Form, Execution and Delivery of Warrant Certificates    2

SECTION 1.03.

   Transfer of Warrants    4

SECTION 1.04.

   Lost, Stolen, Mutilated or Destroyed Warrant Certificates    5

SECTION 1.05.

   Cancellation of Warrant Certificates    5

SECTION 1.06.

  

Treatment of Holders [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form:

and Beneficial Owners] of Warrant Certificates

   5
   ARTICLE II   
   EXERCISE PRICE, DURATION AND EXERCISE OF WARRANTS   

SECTION 2.01.

   Exercise Price    6

SECTION 2.02.

   Duration of Warrants    6

SECTION 2.03.

   Exercise of Warrants    6
   ARTICLE III   
  

OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO RIGHTS OF HOLDERS

[IF WARRANTS ARE TO BE ISSUED IN BOOK-ENTRY FORM:

AND BENEFICIAL OWNERS] OF WARRANTS

  

SECTION 3.01.

   No Rights as Holders of Warrant Property Conferred by Warrants or Warrant Certificates    9

SECTION 3.02.

   Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: and Beneficial Owner] of Warrant May Enforce Rights    9
   ARTICLE IV   
   CONCERNING THE WARRANT AGENT   

SECTION 4.01.

   Warrant Agent    9

SECTION 4.02.

   Limitations on Warrant Agent’s Obligations    9

SECTION 4.03.

   Compliance With Applicable Laws    11

 

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SECTION 4.04.

   Resignation and Appointment of Successor    11
   ARTICLE V   
   MISCELLANEOUS   

SECTION 5.01.

   Amendments    13

SECTION 5.02.

   Merger, Consolidation, Sale, Transfer or Conveyance    14

SECTION 5.03.

   Notices and Demands to the Company and Warrant Agent    14

SECTION 5.04.

   Addresses    14

SECTION 5.05.

   GOVERNING LAW    15

SECTION 5.06.

   Delivery of Prospectus    15

SECTION 5.07.

   Obtaining of Governmental Approvals    15

SECTION 5.08.

   Payment of Taxes    15

SECTION 5.09.

   Benefits of Warrant Agreement    15

SECTION 5.10.

   Headings    16

SECTION 5.11.

   Severability    16

SECTION 5.12.

   Counterparts    16

SECTION 5.13.

   Inspection of Agreement    16
   EXHIBITS   

EXHIBIT A.

   Form of Warrant Certificate   

 

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[                                               ] WARRANT AGREEMENT

[                                           ] WARRANT AGREEMENT, dated as of                   ,          (as modified, amended or supplemented, this “Agreement”), between BARCLAYS BANK PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales (the “Company”) and [NAME OF WARRANT AGENT], a                                          , as Warrant Agent (the “Warrant Agent”).

W I T N E S S E T H:

WHEREAS, the Company has entered into an Indenture, dated as of June 30, 1998 (the “Dated Subordinated Indenture”), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon (formerly The Bank of New York), as trustee, providing for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured subordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, and an Indenture, dated as of September 16, 2004 (the “Senior Indenture”, and together with the Dated Subordinated Indenture, the “Indentures”), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee, providing for the issuance from time to time of its unsecured and unsubordinated debentures, notes or other evidences of indebtedness (together with the securities issuable under the Dated Subordinated Indenture, the “Debt Securities”), to be issued in one or more series as provided in each Indenture;

WHEREAS, the Company has duly authorized the issue from time to time of warrants (the “Warrants”) to purchase or sell (i) the Company’s Debt Securities or preferred stock; (ii) the securities of one or more issuers, including debt or equity securities of third parties; (iii) one or more currencies (including cash in one or more currencies); (iv) one or more commodities; (v) any other financial, economic or other measure or instrument (including the occurrence or non-occurrence of any event or circumstance); and/or (vi) one or more indices or baskets of the items described in clauses (i), (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) (the property described in clauses (i), other than the Debt Securities, and (ii) through (vi), in relation to a Warrant, being hereinafter referred to as the “Unaffiliated Warrant Property” applicable to such Warrant, and the Debt Securities together with the Unaffiliated Warrant Property, the “Warrant Property”) to be issued in one or more series and in such number and with such terms as may from time to time be authorized in accordance with the terms of this Agreement;

WHEREAS, the Company desires the Warrant Agent to act on behalf of the Company, and the Warrant Agent is willing so to act, in connection with the issuance, transfer, exchange, exercise and cancellation of the Warrants, and the Company wishes to set forth in this Agreement, among other things, the provisions of the Warrants, the form of the Warrant Certificates evidencing the Warrants and the terms and conditions upon which the Warrants may be issued, transferred, exchanged, exercised and canceled;


NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the premises and of the mutual agreements herein contained, the parties hereto agree as follows:

ARTICLE I

ISSUANCE OF WARRANTS AND FORM, EXECUTION,

DELIVERY AND REGISTRATION OF WARRANT CERTIFICATES

SECTION 1.01. Issuance of Warrants . Each Warrant shall represent the right, subject to the provisions contained herein and therein, to [purchase] [sell] [              ] Warrant Property [an aggregate number of              Warrants] at the Exercise Price set forth in Section 2.01. The Warrants shall be issued as a separate security and shall be transferable from and after the date of issuance. [If Warrants are to be offered in Book-Entry form: [All] [A portion] of the Warrants shall initially be represented by one or more global certificates (each, a “Global Warrant Certificate”).] [If Warrants are to be offered separately and in definitive form: Each Warrant Certificate shall evidence [              ] Warrants.]

SECTION 1.02. Form, Execution and Delivery of Warrant Certificates . (a) One or more warrant certificates evidencing Warrants (each a “Warrant Certificate” [If applicable: which, for the avoidance of doubt, shall include Global Warrant Certificate] to [purchase] [sell] not more than [              ] [$              in aggregate principal amount of] Warrant Property (except as provided in Sections 1.03, 1.04 and 2.03(e)) may be executed by the Company and delivered to the Warrant Agent upon the execution of this Warrant Agreement or from time to time thereafter.

(b) Each Warrant Certificate, whenever issued, shall be in registered form substantially in the form set forth in Exhibit A hereto, with such appropriate insertions, omissions, substitutions and other variations as are required or permitted by this Agreement. [If Warrants are issued in Book-Entry form: Each Global Warrant Certificate shall bear such legend or legends as may be required by the Depository in order for it to accept the Warrants for its book-entry settlement system.] Each Warrant Certificate shall be printed, lithographed, typewritten, mimeographed or engraved on steel engraved borders or otherwise reproduced in any other manner as may be approved by the persons executing the same on behalf of the Company (such execution to be conclusive evidence of such approval) and may have such letters, numbers or other marks of identification or designation and such legends or endorsements printed, lithographed or engraved thereon as the persons executing the same on behalf of the Company may approve (such execution to be conclusive evidence of such approval) and as are not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement, or as may be required to comply with any law or with any rule or regulation made pursuant thereto, or with any regulation of any stock exchange on which the Warrants or the Warrant Property may be listed, or to conform to usage. Each Warrant Certificate shall be signed on behalf of the Company by any Executive Director or a Senior Executive (or other officer of similar title or status) or the Secretary or a Deputy or Assistant Secretary or the Group Treasurer or a Senior Director or Director within Capital Planning or Group Financial Controller or any other person (with similar title and status) duly appointed by the Board of Directors. The signature of any such person on any Warrant Certificate may

 

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be manual or facsimile. Each Warrant Certificate, when so signed on behalf of the Company, shall be delivered to the Warrant Agent together with an order for the countersignature and delivery of such Warrants.

(c) The Warrant Agent shall, upon receipt of any Warrant Certificate duly executed on behalf of the Company, countersign such Warrant Certificate and deliver such Warrant Certificate to or upon the order of the Company. Each Warrant Certificate shall be dated the date of its countersignature.

(d) No Warrant Certificate shall be entitled to any benefit under this Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, and no Warrant evidenced thereby may be exercised, unless such Warrant Certificate has been countersigned by the manual signature of the Warrant Agent. Such signature by the Warrant Agent upon any Warrant Certificate executed by the Company shall be conclusive evidence that such Warrant Certificate has been duly issued under the terms of this Agreement.

(e) If any person who has signed any Warrant Certificate on behalf of the Company, either manually or by facsimile signature, shall cease to hold such title and status before such Warrant Certificate shall have been countersigned and delivered by the Warrant Agent, such Warrant Certificate nevertheless may be countersigned and delivered as though the person who signed such Warrant Certificate had not ceased to hold such title and status of the Company; and any Warrant Certificate may be signed on behalf of the Company by any such person as, at the actual date of the execution of such Warrant Certificate, shall be a proper Executive Director or Senior Executive (or other officer of similar title or status) or Secretary or Deputy or Assistant Secretary or Group Treasurer or Senior Director or Director within Capital Planning or Group Financial Controller or other person (with similar title and status) duly appointed by the Board of Directors, as specified in this Section 1.02, regardless of whether at the date of the execution of this Agreement any such person ceased to hold such title and status.

(f) The Holders [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form:                                          , except as stated below with respect to Warrants evidenced by a Global Warrant Certificate,] shall be entitled to receive Warrants in physical, certificated form.

[If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: (g) A Global Warrant Certificate may be exchanged for a new Global Warrant Certificate, or one or more new Global Warrant Certificates may be issued, to reflect the issuance by the Company of additional Warrants. To effect such an exchange, the Company shall deliver to the Warrant Agent one or more new Global Warrant Certificates duly executed on behalf of the Company as provided in Section 1.02. The Warrant Agent shall authenticate each new Global Warrant Certificate as provided in Section 1.02 and shall deliver each new Global Warrant Certificate to the Depository. The Warrant Agent shall cancel each Global Warrant Certificate delivered to it by the Depository in exchange therefor, if any.]

 

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SECTION 1.03. Transfer of Warrants .

[If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: (a) [All] [A portion] of the Warrants shall initially be represented by one or more Global Warrant Certificates deposited with [the Depository Trust Company] (the “Depository”) and registered in the name of [Cede & Co.], a nominee of the Depository. The Depository, or such other entity as is agreed to by the Depository, may hold each Global Warrant Certificate as custodian for Depository. Except as provided for in Section 1.03(b) hereof, no person acquiring Warrants traded on any securities exchange with book-entry settlement through the Depository shall receive or be entitled to receive physical delivery of definitive Warrant Certificates evidencing such Warrants. Ownership of beneficial interests in the Warrants shall be shown on, and the transfer of such ownership shall be effected through, records maintained by (i) the Depository or its nominee for each Global Warrant Certificate, or (ii) institutions that have accounts with the Depository (such institution, with respect to a Warrant in its account, a “Participant”).]

[If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: (b) If the Depository subsequently ceases to make its book-entry settlement system available for the Warrants, the Company may instruct the Warrant Agent regarding making other arrangements for book-entry settlement. In the event that the receipts are not eligible for, or it is no longer necessary to have the Warrants available in, book-entry form, the Warrant Agent shall provide written instructions to the Depository to deliver to the Warrant Agent for cancellation each Global Warrant Certificate, and the Company shall instruct the Warrant Agent to deliver to the Depository definitive Warrant Certificates in physical form evidencing such Warrants. Such definitive Warrant Certificates shall be in the form annexed hereto as Exhibit A with appropriate insertions, modifications and omissions, as provided above.]

(c) A Warrant Certificate may be transferred at the option of the Holder thereof upon surrender of such Warrant Certificate at the corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent, properly endorsed or accompanied by appropriate instruments of transfer and written instructions for transfer, all in form satisfactory to the Company and the Warrant Agent [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: ; provided, however, that except as otherwise provided herein or in any Global Warrant Certificate, each Global Warrant Certificate may be transferred only in whole and only to the Depository, to another nominee of the Depository, to a successor depository, or to a nominee of a successor depository]. Upon any such registration of transfer, the Company shall execute, and the Warrant Agent shall countersign and deliver, as provided in Section 1.02, in the name of the designated transferee a new Warrant Certificate or Warrant Certificates of any authorized denomination evidencing in the aggregate a like number of unexercised Warrants.

 

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(d) The Warrant Agent shall keep, at its corporate trust office, books in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe, it shall register Warrant Certificates in accordance with Section 1.02 and transfers, exchanges, exercises and cancellations of outstanding Warrant Certificates. Whenever any Warrant Certificates are surrendered for transfer or exchange in accordance with this Section 1.03, an authorized officer of the Warrant Agent shall manually countersign and deliver the Warrant Certificates which the Holder making the transfer or exchange is entitled to receive.

(e) No service charge shall be made for any transfer or exchange of Warrant Certificates, but the Company may require payment of a sum sufficient to cover any stamp or other tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any such transfer or exchange.

SECTION 1.04. Lost, Stolen, Mutilated or Destroyed Warrant Certificates . Upon receipt by the Company and the Warrant Agent of evidence satisfactory to them of the ownership of and the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any Warrant Certificate and of indemnity satisfactory to them and, in the case of mutilation, upon surrender of such Warrant Certificate to the Warrant Agent for cancellation, then, in the absence of notice to the Company or the Warrant Agent that such Warrant Certificate has been acquired by a bona fide purchaser, the Company shall execute, and an authorized officer of the Warrant Agent shall manually countersign and deliver, in exchange for or in lieu of the lost, stolen, destroyed or mutilated Warrant Certificate, a new Warrant Certificate of the same tenor and for a like number of Warrants. No service charge shall be made for any replacement of Warrant Certificates, but the Company may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any stamp or other tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in connection with any such exchange. To the extent permitted under applicable law, the provisions of this Section 1.04 are exclusive with respect to the replacement of mutilated, lost, stolen or destroyed Warrant Certificates and shall preclude any and all other rights or remedies.

SECTION 1.05. Cancellation of Warrant Certificates . Any Warrant Certificate surrendered to the Warrant Agent for transfer, exchange or exercise of the Warrants evidenced thereby shall be promptly canceled by the Warrant Agent and shall not be reissued and, except as expressly permitted by this Agreement, no Warrant Certificate shall be issued hereunder in lieu thereof. The Warrant Agent shall deliver to the Company from time to time or otherwise dispose of canceled Warrant Certificates in a manner satisfactory to the Company. Any Warrant Certificate surrendered to the Company for transfer, exchange or exercise of the Warrants evidenced thereby shall be promptly delivered to the Warrant Agent and such transfer, exchange or exercise shall not be effective until such Warrant Certificate has been received by the Warrant Agent.

SECTION 1.06. Treatment of Holders [If warrants are to be issued in book-entry form: and Beneficial Owners] of Warrant Certificates . (a) The term “Holder”, as used herein, shall mean any person in whose name at the time any Warrant Certificate

 

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shall be registered upon the books to be maintained by the Warrant Agent for that purpose. [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: The Holder of each Global Warrant Certificate shall initially be [Cede & Co.], a nominee of the Depository.]

[If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry Form: (b) The term “Beneficial Owner” as used herein shall mean any person in whose name ownership of beneficial interests in Warrants evidenced by a Global Warrant Certificate is recorded in the records maintained by the Depository or its nominee, or by a Participant.]

(c) Every Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: and every Beneficial Owner] consents and agrees with the Company, the Warrant Agent and with every subsequent Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: and Beneficial Owner] that until the Warrant Certificate is transferred on the books of the Warrant Agent, the Company and the Warrant Agent may treat the registered Holder of such Warrant Certificate as the absolute owner of the Warrants evidenced thereby for any purpose and as the person entitled to exercise the rights attaching to the Warrants evidenced thereby, any notice to the contrary notwithstanding.

ARTICLE II

EXERCISE PRICE, DURATION AND EXERCISE OF WARRANTS

SECTION 2.01. Exercise Price . The exercise price of each Warrant (the “Exercise Price”) shall be $                      [modify as appropriate to reflect terms of offered Warrants].

SECTION 2.02. Duration of Warrants . [Subject to the limitations set forth herein,] Each Warrant may be exercised in whole but not in part [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date or only on specified dates: on any Business Day (as defined below) occurring during the period (the “Exercise Period”) commencing on [its date of issuance] [                   ,          ] and ending at [5:00 P.M.], New York time,] [If Warrants may be exercised on certain specified dates: on [insert description of dates on which Warrants are exercisable]] on                   ,          (the “Expiration Date”). Each Warrant remaining unexercised after [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on the Expiration Date shall become void, and all rights of the Holder under this Agreement shall cease [modify as appropriate to reflect terms of offered Warrants].

As used herein, the term “Business Day” means any day which is not a Saturday or Sunday and is not a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions generally are authorized or obligated by law or regulation to close in New York and London.

SECTION 2.03. Exercise of Warrants . (a) A Holder may exercise a Warrant by delivering, not later than [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date or only on specified dates: any Business Day during the Exercise Period (the “Exercise Date”)] [If Warrants may be exercised on only one

 

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date: the Expiration Date] [If Warrants may be exercised on certain specified dates: any day on which such Warrant is exercisable (each such date, an “Exercise Date”)] to the Warrant Agent at its corporate trust department (i) the Warrant Certificate evidencing the Warrants to be exercised, [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: and, in the case of a Global Warrant Certificate, the Warrants to be exercised (the “Book-Entry Warrants”) free on the records of the Depository to an account of the Warrant Agent at the Depository designated for such purpose in writing by the Warrant Agent to the Depository from time to time,] (ii) an election to [purchase] [sell] the Warrant Property (“Election to [Purchase] [Sell]”), properly completed and executed by the Holder on the reverse of the Warrant Certificate [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or, in the case of a Global Warrant Certificate, properly executed by the Participant and substantially in the form included on the reverse of each Warrant Certificate,] and (iii) the Exercise Price for each Warrant to be exercised in lawful money of the United States of America by certified or official bank check or by bank wire transfer in immediately available funds. If any of (a) the Warrant Certificate [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or the Book-Entry Warrants,] (b) the Election to [Purchase] [Sell], or (c) the Exercise Price therefor, is received by the Warrant Agent after [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date: the specified Exercise Date, the Warrants will be deemed to be received and exercised on the Business Day next succeeding the Exercise Date. If the date specified as the Exercise Date is not a Business Day, the Warrants will be deemed to be received and exercised on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day. If the Warrants are received or deemed to be received after] the Expiration Date, the exercise thereof will be null and void and any funds delivered to the Warrant Agent will be returned to the Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or Participant, as the case may be,] as soon as practicable. In no event will interest accrue on funds deposited with the Warrant Agent in respect of an exercise or attempted exercise of Warrants. The validity of any exercise of Warrants will be determined by the Warrant Agent in its sole discretion and such determination will be final and binding upon the Holder and the Company. Neither the Company nor the Warrant Agent shall have any obligation to inform a Holder of the invalidity of any exercise of Warrants. The Warrant Agent shall deposit all funds received by it in payment of the Exercise Price in the account of the Company maintained with the Warrant Agent for such purpose and shall advise the Company by telephone at the end of each day on which funds for the exercise of the Warrants are received of the amount so deposited to its account. The Warrant Agent shall promptly confirm such telephonic advice to the Company in writing.

(b) The Warrant Agent shall, by [11:00 A.M.] on the Business Day following the [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date: Exercise Date of any Warrant] [If Warrants may be exercised on only one date: Expiration Date], advise the Company and the [Trustee under the Indenture applicable to] [the transfer agent and registrar in respect of] the Warrant Property purchasable or salable upon such exercise as to the number of Warrants exercised in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement, the instructions of each Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-entry Form: or Participant, as the case may be,] with respect to purchase or sale of the Warrant

 

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Property purchasable or salable upon such exercise, and the delivery of definitive Warrant Certificates [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or one or more Global Warrant Certificates, as appropriate,] evidencing the balance, if any, of the Warrants remaining after such exercise, and such other information as the Company or such [Trustee] [transfer agent and registrar] shall reasonably require.

(c) The Company shall, by [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on the third Business Day next succeeding the [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date: Exercise Date of any Warrant] [If Warrants may be exercised on only one date: Expiration Date], [execute, issue and] deliver, to the Warrant Agent, [pursuant to the Indenture applicable to the Warrant Property, the Warrant Property, duly authenticated by the Trustee of such Indenture and in authorized denominations] [the cash amount] to which such Holder is entitled[, in fully registered form, registered in such name or names as may be directed by such Holder] [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or the Participant, as the case may be]. Upon receipt of such [Warrant Property] [cash amount], the Warrant Agent shall, by [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on the fifth Business Day next succeeding [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date: such Exercise Date] [If Warrants may be exercised on only one date: the Expiration Date], transmit such [Warrant Property] [cash], to or upon the order of the Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or Participant, as the case may be,] [together with, or preceded by the prospectus referred to in Section 5.06 hereof]. The Company agrees that it will provide such information and documents to the Warrant Agent as may be necessary for the Warrant Agent to fulfill its obligations hereunder.

(d) The accrual of [interest] [dividends], if any, on the Warrant Property issued, if any, upon the valid exercise of any Warrant will be governed by the terms of the applicable [Indenture] [articles of amendment] and such Warrant Property. From and after the issuance of such Warrant Property, the former Holder of the Warrants exercised will be entitled to the benefits of the [Indenture] [articles of amendment] under which such Warrant Property is issued and such former Holder’s right to receive payments of [principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on] [dividends and any other amounts payable in respect of] the Warrant Property shall be governed by, and shall be subject to, the terms and provisions of such [Indenture] [articles of amendment] and the Warrant Property.

(e) Warrants may be exercised only in whole numbers of Warrants. [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date: If fewer than all of the Warrants evidenced by a Warrant Certificate are exercised, a new Warrant Certificate for the number of Warrants remaining unexercised shall be executed by the Company and countersigned by the Warrant Agent as provided in Section 1.02 hereof, and delivered to the Holder at the address specified on the books of the Warrant Agent or as otherwise specified by such Holder.]

(f) The Company shall not be required to pay any stamp or other tax or other governmental charge required to be paid in connection with any

 

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transfer involved in any issue or delivery of the Warrant Property; and if any such transfer is involved, the Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any Warrant Property until such tax or other charge shall have been paid or it has been established to the Company’s satisfaction that no such tax or other charge is due.

ARTICLE III

OTHER PROVISIONS RELATING TO RIGHTS OF HOLDERS

[IF WARRANTS ARE TO BE ISSUED IN BOOK-ENTRY FORM: AND

BENEFICIAL OWNERS] OF WARRANTS

SECTION 3.01. No Rights as Holders of Warrant Property Conferred by Warrants or Warrant Certificates . No Warrant Certificate or Warrant evidenced thereby shall entitle the Holder thereof to any of the rights of a holder of any Warrant Property, including, without limitation, [the right to receive the payments of principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on Debt Securities purchasable upon such exercise or to enforce any of the covenants in the Indenture] [the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the issuer of the Warrant Property or to exercise voting rights, if any].

SECTION 3.02. Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: and Beneficial Owner] of Warrant May Enforce Rights . Notwithstanding any of the provisions of this Agreement, any Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: and any Beneficial Owner] of any Warrant, without the consent of the Warrant Agent or the Holder of any Warrant, may, on such Holder’s [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or Beneficial Owner’s] own behalf and for his own benefit, enforce, and may institute and maintain any suit, action or proceeding against the Company to enforce, or otherwise in respect of, such Holder’s [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or Beneficial Owner’s] right to exercise the Warrants evidenced by any Warrant Certificate in the manner provided in this Agreement and such Warrant Certificate.

ARTICLE IV

CONCERNING THE WARRANT AGENT

SECTION 4.01. Warrant Agent . The Company hereby appoints [Name of Warrant Agent] as Warrant Agent of the Company in respect of the Warrants upon the terms and subject to the conditions herein set forth, and [Name of Warrant Agent] hereby accepts such appointment. The Warrant Agent shall have the powers and authority granted to and conferred upon it hereby and such further powers and authority to act on behalf of the Company as the Company may hereafter grant to or confer upon it.

SECTION 4.02. Limitations on Warrant Agent’s Obligations . The Warrant Agent accepts its obligations herein set forth upon the terms and conditions hereof, including the following, to all of which the Company agrees and to all of which the rights hereunder of the Holders from time to time shall be subject:

 

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(a) Compensation and Indemnification . The Company agrees to pay the Warrant Agent compensation to be agreed upon with the Company for all services rendered by the Warrant Agent and to reimburse the Warrant Agent for all reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including reasonable counsel fees) incurred by the Warrant Agent in connection with the services rendered by it hereunder. The Company also agrees to indemnify the Warrant Agent for, and to hold it harmless against, any loss, liability or expense incurred without negligence, bad faith or breach of this Agreement on the part of the Warrant Agent, arising out of or in connection with its acting as Warrant Agent hereunder.

(b) Agent for the Company . In acting in the capacity of Warrant Agent under this Agreement, the Warrant Agent is acting solely as agent of the Company and does not assume any obligation or relationship of agency or trust with any of the owners or holders of the Warrants except as expressly set forth herein.

(c) Counsel . The Warrant Agent may consult with counsel satisfactory to it (which may be counsel to the Company), and the advice of such counsel shall be full and complete authorization and protection in respect of any action taken, suffered or omitted by it hereunder in good faith and in accordance with the advice of such counsel.

(d) Documents . The Warrant Agent shall be protected and shall incur no liability for or in respect of any action taken or thing suffered by it in reliance upon any notice, direction, consent, certificate, affidavit, statement or other paper or document reasonably believed by it to be genuine and to have been presented or signed by the proper parties.

(e) Certain Transactions . The Warrant Agent, and its officers, directors and employees, may become the owner of, or acquire any interest in, any Warrant, with the same rights that it or they would have were it not the Warrant Agent hereunder, and, to the extent permitted by applicable law, it or they may engage or be interested in any financial or other transaction with the Company and may act on, or as a depositary, trustee or agent for, any committee or body of holders of Warrants or Warrant Property, or other securities or obligations of the Company as freely as if it were not the Warrant Agent hereunder. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to prevent the Warrant Agent from acting as trustee under either Indenture.

(f) No Liability for Interest . The Warrant Agent shall not be under any liability for interest on any monies at any time received by it pursuant to any of the provisions of this Agreement.

(g) No Liability for Invalidity . The Warrant Agent shall not be under any responsibility with respect to the validity or sufficiency of this Agreement or

 

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the execution and delivery hereof (except the due execution and delivery hereof by the Warrant Agent) or with respect to the validity or execution of the Warrant Certificates (except its countersignature thereon).

(h) No Responsibility for Recitals . The recitals contained herein and in the Warrant Certificates (except as to the Warrant Agent’s countersignature thereon) shall be taken as the statements of the Company and the Warrant Agent assumes no responsibility hereby for the correctness of the same.

(i) No Implied Obligations . The Warrant Agent shall be obligated to perform such duties as are specifically set forth herein and no implied duties or obligations shall be read into this Agreement against the Warrant Agent. The Warrant Agent shall not be under any obligation to take any action hereunder which may tend to involve it in any expense or liability, the payment of which within a reasonable time is not, in its opinion, assured to it. The Warrant Agent shall not be accountable or under any duty or responsibility for the use by the Company of any Warrant Certificate authenticated by the Warrant Agent and delivered by it to the Company pursuant to this Agreement or for the application by the Company of the proceeds of the issue and sale, or exercise, of the Warrants. The Warrant Agent shall have no duty or responsibility in case of any default by the Company in the performance of its covenants or agreements contained herein or in any Warrant Certificate or in the case of the receipt of any written demand from a Holder with respect to such default, including, without limiting the generality of the foregoing, any duty or responsibility to initiate or attempt to initiate any proceedings at law or otherwise or, except as provided in Section 5.03 hereof, to make any demand upon the Company.

SECTION 4.03. Compliance With Applicable Laws . The Warrant Agent agrees to comply with all applicable federal and state laws imposing obligations on it in respect of the services rendered by it under this Agreement and in connection with the Warrants, including (but not limited to) the provisions of United States federal income tax laws regarding information reporting and backup withholding. The Warrant Agent expressly assumes all liability for its failure to comply with any such laws imposing obligations on it, including (but not limited to) any liability for its failure to comply with any applicable provisions of United States federal income tax laws regarding information reporting and backup withholding.

SECTION 4.04. Resignation and Appointment of Successor . (a) The Company agrees, for the benefit of the Holders from time to time, that there shall at all times be a Warrant Agent hereunder until all the Warrants issued hereunder have been exercised or have expired in accordance with their terms, which Warrant Agent shall be a bank or trust company organized under the laws of the United States of America or one of the states thereof, which is authorized under the laws of the jurisdiction of its organization to exercise corporate trust powers, has a combined capital and surplus of at least $50,000,000 and has an office or an agent’s office in the United States of America.

 

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(b) The Warrant Agent may at any time resign as such agent by giving written notice to the Company of such intention on its part, specifying the date on which it desires such resignation to become effective; provided that such date shall not be less than three months after the date on which such notice is given, unless the Company agrees to accept such notice less than three months prior to such date of effectiveness. The Company may remove the Warrant Agent at any time by giving written notice to the Warrant Agent of such removal, specifying the date on which it desires such removal to become effective. Such resignation or removal shall take effect upon the appointment by the Company, as hereinafter provided, of a successor Warrant Agent (which shall be a bank or trust company qualified as set forth in Section 4.04(a)) and the acceptance of such appointment by such successor Warrant Agent. The obligation of the Company under Section 4.02(a) shall continue to the extent set forth therein notwithstanding the resignation or removal of the Warrant Agent.

(c) If at any time the Warrant Agent shall resign, or shall cease to be qualified as set forth in Section 4.04(a), or shall be removed, or shall become incapable of acting, or shall be adjudged a bankrupt or insolvent, or shall file a petition seeking relief under any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy or insolvency law or similar law, or make an assignment for the benefit of its creditors or consent to the appointment of a receiver, conservator or custodian of all or any substantial part of its property, or shall admit in writing its inability to pay or to meet its debts as they mature, or if a receiver or custodian of it or of all or any substantial part of its property shall be appointed, or if an order of any court shall be entered for relief against it under the provisions of any applicable Federal or State bankruptcy or similar law, or if any public officer shall have taken charge or control of the Warrant Agent or of its property or affairs, for the purpose of rehabilitation, conservation or liquidation, a successor Warrant Agent, qualified as set forth in Section 4.04(a), shall be appointed by the Company by an instrument in writing, filed with the successor Warrant Agent. Upon the appointment as herein provided of a successor Warrant Agent and acceptance by the latter of such appointment, the Warrant Agent so superseded shall cease to be Warrant Agent under this Agreement.

(d) Any successor Warrant Agent appointed under this Agreement shall execute, acknowledge and deliver to its predecessor and to the Company an instrument accepting such appointment, and thereupon such successor Warrant Agent, without any further act, deed or conveyance, shall become vested with all the authority, rights, powers, trusts, immunities, duties and obligations of such predecessor with like effect as if originally named as Warrant Agent under this Agreement, and such predecessor, upon payment of its charges and disbursements then unpaid, shall thereupon become obligated to transfer, deliver and pay over, and such successor Warrant Agent shall be entitled to receive, all monies, securities and other property on deposit with or held by such predecessor, as Warrant Agent under this Agreement.

(e) Any corporation into which the Warrant Agent may be merged or converted or any corporation with which the Warrant Agent may be

 

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consolidated, or any corporation resulting from any merger, conversion or consolidation to which the Warrant Agent shall be a party, or any corporation to which the Warrant Agent shall sell or otherwise transfer all or substantially all the assets and business of the Warrant Agent, in each case provided that it shall be qualified as set forth in Section 4.04(a), shall be the successor Warrant Agent under this Agreement without the execution or filing of any paper or any further act on the part of any of the parties to this Agreement, including, without limitation, any successor to the Warrant Agent first named above.

ARTICLE V

MISCELLANEOUS

SECTION 5.01. Amendments . (a) This Agreement and any Warrant Certificate may be amended by the parties hereto by executing a supplemental warrant agreement (a “Supplemental Agreement”), without the consent of the Holder of any Warrant, for the purpose of (i) curing any ambiguity; or curing, correcting or supplementing any defective provision contained herein; or making any other provisions with respect to matters or questions arising under this Agreement that is not inconsistent with the provisions of this Agreement or the Warrant Certificates, (ii) evidencing the succession of another corporation to the Company and the assumption by any such successor of the covenants of the Company contained in this Warrant Agreement and the Warrants, (iii) evidencing and providing for the acceptance of appointment by a successor Warrant Agent with respect to the Warrants, [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: (iv) evidencing and providing for the acceptance of appointment by a successor Depository with respect to each Global Warrant Certificate, (v) issuing definitive Warrant Certificates in accordance with paragraph (b) of Section 1.03,] (vi) adding to the covenants of the Company for the benefit of the Holders or surrendering any right or power conferred upon the Company under this Agreement, or (vii) amending this Agreement and the Warrants in any manner that the Company may deem to be necessary or desirable and that will not adversely affect the interests of the Holders in any material respect.

(b) The Company and the Warrant Agent may amend this Agreement and the Warrants by executing a Supplemental Agreement with the consent of the Holders of not fewer than a majority of the unexercised Warrants affected by such amendment, for the purpose of adding any provisions to or changing in any manner or eliminating any of the provisions of this Agreement or of modifying in any manner the rights of the Holders under this Agreement; provided, however, that, without the consent of each Holder of Warrants affected thereby, no such amendment may be made that (i) changes the Warrants so as to [reduce] [increase] the [principal amount] [number] of Warrant Property purchasable or salable upon exercise of the Warrants or so as to [increase] [reduce] the Exercise Price, (ii) shortens the period of time during which the Warrants may be exercised, (iii) otherwise adversely affects the exercise rights of the Holders in any material respect, or (iv) reduces the number of unexercised Warrants the consent of the Holders of which is required for amendment of this Agreement or the Warrants.

 

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SECTION 5.02. Merger, Consolidation, Sale, Transfer or Conveyance . The Company may consolidate or merge with or into any other corporation or sell, lease, transfer or convey all or substantially all of its assets to any other corporation, provided that (i) either (x) the Company is the continuing corporation or (y) the corporation (if other than the Company) that is formed by or results from any such consolidation or merger or that receives such assets is a corporation organized and validly existing under the laws of the United Kingdom or any political subdivision thereof and entitled to carry on the business of a bank and such corporation assumes the obligations of the Company with respect to the performance and observance of all of the covenants and conditions of this Agreement to be performed or observed by the Company and (ii) the Company or such successor corporation, as the case may be, must not immediately be in default under this Agreement. If at any time there shall be any consolidation or merger or any sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, then in any such event the successor or assuming corporation shall succeed to and be substituted for the Company, with the same effect as if it had been named herein and in the Warrant Certificates as the Company; the Company shall thereupon be relieved of any further obligation hereunder or under the Warrants, and, in the event of any such sale, lease, transfer, conveyance (other than by way of lease) or other disposition, the Company as the predecessor corporation may thereupon or at any time thereafter be dissolved, wound up or liquidated. Such successor or assuming corporation thereupon may cause to be signed, and may issue either in its own name or in the name of the Company, Warrant Certificates evidencing the Warrants not theretofore exercised, in exchange and substitution for the Warrant Certificates theretofore issued. Such Warrant Certificates shall in all respects have the same legal rank and benefit under this Agreement as the Warrant Certificates evidencing the Warrants theretofore issued in accordance with the terms of this Agreement as though such new Warrant Certificates had been issued at the date of the execution hereof. In any case of any such merger or consolidation or sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, such changes in phraseology and form (but not in substance) may be made in the new Warrant Certificates, as may be appropriate.

SECTION 5.03. Notices and Demands to the Company and Warrant Agent . If the Warrant Agent shall receive any notice or demand addressed to the Company by the Holder [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: or a Participant, as the case may be], the Warrant Agent shall promptly forward such notice or demand to the Company.

SECTION 5.04. Addresses . Any communications from the Company to the Warrant Agent with respect to this Agreement shall be addressed to                                          , Attention:                                          , and any communications from the Warrant Agent to the Company with respect to this Agreement shall be addressed to Barclays Bank PLC, 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York

 

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10286, Attention: General Counsel (or such other address as shall be specified in writing by the Warrant Agent or by the Company, as the case may be). The Company or the Warrant Agent shall give notice to the Holders of Warrants by mailing written notice by first class mail, postage prepaid, to such Holders as their names and addresses appear in the books and records of the Warrant Agent.

SECTION 5.05 . GOVERNING LAW . THIS AGREEMENT AND EACH WARRANT CERTIFICATE AND ALL RIGHTS HEREUNDER AND THEREUNDER AND PROVISIONS HEREOF AND THEREOF SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

SECTION 5.06. Delivery of Prospectus . The Company shall furnish to the Warrant Agent sufficient copies of a prospectus relating to the Warrant Property, if the Warrant Property is securities issued by the Company, deliverable upon exercise of Warrants and complying in all material respects with the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Prospectus”), and the Warrant Agent agrees that upon the exercise of any Warrant, the Warrant Agent shall deliver a Prospectus to the Holder of such Warrant, prior to or concurrently with the delivery of the Warrant Property issued upon such exercise.

SECTION 5.07. Obtaining of Governmental Approvals . The Company shall from time to time take all action which may be necessary to obtain and keep effective any and all permits, consents and approvals of governmental agencies and authorities and securities acts filings under United States Federal and state laws, which the Company may deem necessary or appropriate in connection with the issuance, sale, transfer and delivery of the Warrants, the exercise of the Warrants, the issuance, sale, transfer and delivery of any Warrant Property to be issued upon exercise of Warrants or upon the expiration of the period during which the Warrants are exercisable.

SECTION 5.08. Payment of Taxes . The Company will pay all stamp and other duties, if any, to which, under the laws of the United States of America, this Agreement or the original issuance of the Warrants may be subject.

SECTION 5.09. Benefits of Warrant Agreement . Nothing in this Agreement or any Warrant Certificate expressed or implied and nothing that may be inferred from any of the provisions hereof or thereof is intended, or shall be construed, to confer upon, or give to, any person or corporation other than the Company, the Warrant Agent and their respective successors and assigns, [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: the Beneficial Owners] and the Holders any right, remedy or claim under or by reason of this Agreement or any Warrant Certificate or of any covenant, condition, stipulation, promise or agreement hereof or thereof; and all covenants, conditions, stipulations, promises and agreements contained in this Agreement or any Warrant Certificate shall be for the sole and exclusive benefit of the Company and the Warrant Agent and their respective successors and assigns and of the [If Warrants are to be issued in Book-Entry form: Beneficial Owners and] Holders.

 

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SECTION 5.10. Headings . The descriptive headings of the several Articles and Sections of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and shall not control or affect the meaning or construction of any of the provisions hereof.

SECTION 5.11. Severability . If any provision in this Agreement or in any Warrant Certificate shall be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any jurisdiction, the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions, or of such provisions in any other jurisdiction, shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby.

SECTION 5.12. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which so executed shall be deemed to be an original; but such counterparts shall together constitute but one and the same instrument.

SECTION 5.13. Inspection of Agreement . A copy of this Agreement shall be available at all reasonable times at the principal corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent and at the office of the Company at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286, for inspection by any Holder. The Warrant Agent may require any such Holder to submit satisfactory proof of ownership for inspection by it.

 

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IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed as of the day and year first above written.

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  
[WARRANT AGENT]
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  


EXHIBIT A

[FORM OF WARRANT CERTIFICATE]

EXERCISABLE ONLY IF COUNTERSIGNED BY THE WARRANT

AGENT AS PROVIDED HEREIN.

Warrant Certificate evidencing

Warrants to [Purchase] [Sell]

[Title of Warrant Property]

as described herein.

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

 

No.                         CUSIP No.                     

VOID AFTER [5:00 P.M.], NEW YORK TIME, ON                                   ,         

This certifies that                                                   or registered assigns is the registered holder of [Insert number initially issued] warrants to [purchase][sell] certain securities (the “Warrants”). Each Warrant entitles the holder thereof, subject to the provisions contained herein and in the Warrant Agreement referred to below, to [purchase from] [sell to] Barclays Bank PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales (the “Company”), [$                      principal amount] [              ] of [title of Warrant Property purchasable or salable upon exercise of Warrants] (the “Warrant Property”) [issued or to be issued under the Indenture (as hereinafter defined)], at the Exercise Price set forth below. The exercise price of each Warrant (the “Exercise Price”) shall be [modify as appropriate to reflect the terms of the offered Warrants].

Subject to the terms of the Warrant Agreement, each Warrant evidenced hereby may be exercised in whole but not in part at any time, as specified herein, [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date or only on specified dates: on any Business Day (as defined below) occurring during the period (the “Exercise Period”) commencing on [the date of issuance thereof] [                                     ,          ] and ending at [5:00 P.M.], New York time,] [If Warrants may be exercised on certain specified dates: on [insert description of dates on which Warrants are exercisable]] on                                   ,          (the “Expiration Date”). Each Warrant remaining unexercised after [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on the Expiration Date shall become void, and all rights of the holder of this Warrant Certificate evidencing such Warrant shall cease.

The holder of the Warrants represented by this Warrant Certificate may exercise any Warrant evidenced hereby by delivering, not later than [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date or only on specified dates: any Business Day during the Exercise Period (the “Exercise Date”)] [If Warrants may be exercised on only one date: the Expiration Date] [If Warrants may be exercised

 

1


on certain specified dates: any day on which such Warrant is exercisable (each such date, an “Exercise Date”) to [name of Warrant Agent] (the “Warrant Agent”, which term includes any successor warrant agent under the Warrant Agreement described below) at its corporate trust department at                                          , (i) this Warrant Certificate [For Global Warrant Certificate: and the Warrants to be exercised (the “Book-Entry Warrants”) free on the records of [The Depository Trust Company] (the “Depository”) to an account of the Warrant Agent at the Depository designated for such purpose in writing by the Warrant Agent to the Depository][,] [and] (ii) an [election to purchase (“Election to Purchase”)] [election to sell (“Election to Sell”)], [For definitive Warrant Certificates: properly executed by the holder hereof on the reverse of this Warrant Certificate] [For Global Warrant Certificates: properly executed by the institution in whose account the Warrant is recorded on the records of the Depository (the “Participant”), and substantially in the form included on the reverse of hereof] [and (iii) [the Exercise Price for each Warrant to be exercised in lawful money of the United States of America by certified or official bank check or by bank wire transfer in immediately available funds] [the Warrant Property to be sold to the Company for each Warrant to be exercised]]. If [any] [either] of (a) this Warrant Certificate [For Global Warrant Certificates: or the Book-Entry Warrants][,] [or] (b) the Election to [Purchase] [Sell][, or (c) the Exercise Price therefor,] is received by the Warrant Agent after [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date: the specified Exercise Date, the Warrants will be deemed to be received and exercised on the Business Day next succeeding the Exercise Date. If the date specified as the Exercise Date is not a Business Day, the Warrants will be deemed to be received and exercised on the next succeeding day which is a Business Day. If the Warrants to be exercised are received or deemed to be received after] the Expiration Date, the exercise thereof will be null and void and any funds delivered to the Warrant Agent will be returned to the holder as soon as practicable. In no event will interest accrue on funds deposited with the Warrant Agent in respect of an exercise or attempted exercise of Warrants. The validity of any exercise of Warrants will be determined by the Warrant Agent in its sole discretion and such determination will be final and binding upon the holder of the Warrants and the Company. Neither the Warrant Agent nor the Company shall have any obligation to inform a holder of Warrants of the invalidity of any exercise of Warrants. As used herein, the term “Business Day” means any day which is not a Saturday or Sunday and is not a legal holiday or a day on which banking institutions generally are authorized or obligated by law or regulation to close in                      .

Warrants may be exercised only in whole numbers of Warrants. [Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date: If fewer than all of the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate are exercised, a new Warrant Certificate for the number of Warrants remaining unexercised shall be executed by the Company and countersigned by the Warrant Agent as provided in Section 1.02 of the Warrant Agreement, and delivered to the holder of this Warrant Certificate at the address specified on the books of the Warrant Agent or as otherwise specified by such registered holder.]

 

2


This Warrant Certificate is issued under and in accordance with the Warrant Agreement, dated as of                   ,          (the “Warrant Agreement”), between the Company and the Warrant Agent and is subject to the terms and provisions contained in the Warrant Agreement, to all of which terms and provisions the holder of this Warrant Certificate [For Global Warrant Certificate: and the beneficial owners of the Warrants represented by this Warrant Certificate] consent[s] by acceptance hereof. Copies of the Warrant Agreement are on file and can be inspected at the above-mentioned office of the Warrant Agent and at the office of the Company at 101 Barclay Street, New York, New York 10286.

[If the Warrant Property is Debt Securities: The Warrant Property to be issued and delivered upon the exercise of the Warrants evidenced by this Warrant Certificate will be issued under and in accordance with the Indenture, dated as of                              (the “Indenture”), between the Company and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (together with any successor or successors as such trustee, the “Trustee”), and will be subject to the terms and provisions contained in the Warrant Property and in the Indenture.] The accrual of [interest] [dividends], if any, on the Warrant Property issued upon the valid exercise of any Warrant will be governed by the terms of the applicable [Indenture] [articles of amendment] and such Warrant Property. From and after the issuance of such Warrant Property, the former holder of the Warrants exercised will be entitled to the benefits of the [Indenture] [articles of amendment] under which such Warrant Property is issued and such former holder’s right to receive payments of [principal of (and premium, if any) and interest, if any, on] [dividends and any other amounts payable in respect of] the Warrant Property shall be governed by, and shall be subject to, the terms and provisions of such [Indenture] [articles of amendment] and the Warrant Property. Copies of the [Indenture, including the form of the Warrant Property,] [articles of amendment] are on file at the corporate trust office of the Trustee.]

Upon due presentment for registration of transfer or exchange of this Warrant Certificate at the corporate trust office of the Warrant Agent, the Company shall execute, and the Warrant Agent shall countersign and deliver, as provided in Section 1.02 of the Warrant Agreement, in the name of the designated transferee one or more new Warrant Certificates of any authorized denomination evidencing in the aggregate a like number of unexercised Warrants, subject to the limitations provided in the Warrant Agreement.

Neither this Warrant Certificate nor the Warrants evidenced hereby shall entitle the holder hereof or thereof to any of the rights of a holder of the Warrant Property, including, without limitation, [the right to receive the payments of principal of (and premium, if any), and interest, if any, on Debt Securities purchasable upon such exercise or to enforce any of the covenants in the applicable Indenture] [the right to receive dividends, if any, or payments upon the liquidation, dissolution or winding up of the issuer of the Warrant Property or to exercise voting rights, if any].

 

3


The Warrant Agreement and this Warrant Certificate may be amended as provided in the Warrant Agreement including, under certain circumstances described therein, without the consent of the holder of this Warrant Certificate or the Warrants evidenced thereby.

THIS WARRANT CERTIFICATE AND ALL RIGHTS HEREUNDER AND UNDER THE WARRANT AGREEMENT AND PROVISIONS HEREOF AND THEREOF SHALL BE GOVERNED BY, AND CONSTRUED IN ACCORDANCE WITH, THE LAWS OF THE STATE OF NEW YORK.

This Warrant Certificate shall not be entitled to any benefit under the Warrant Agreement or be valid or obligatory for any purpose, and no Warrant evidenced hereby may be exercised, unless this Warrant Certificate has been countersigned by the manual signature of the Warrant Agent.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this instrument to be duly executed.

Dated as of                   ,         

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC
By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

[NAME OF WARRANT AGENT],

as Warrant Agent

By:  

 

Name:  
Title:  

 

4


[REVERSE]

Instructions for Exercise of Warrant

To exercise the Warrants evidenced hereby, the holder [For Global Warrant Certificate: or Participant] must, by [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on the specified Exercise Date, deliver to the Warrant Agent at its corporate trust department, a certified or official bank check or a wire transfer in immediately available funds, in each case payable to the Warrant Agent at Account No.           ,] [Warrant Property] in an amount equal to the Exercise Price in full for the Warrants exercised. In addition, the Warrant holder [For Global Warrant Certificates: or Participant] must provide the information required below and deliver this Warrant Certificate to the Warrant Agent at the address set forth below [For Global Warrant Certificates: and the Book-Entry Warrants to the Warrant Agent in its account with the Depository designated for such purpose]. This Warrant Certificate and the Election to [Purchase] [Sell] must be received by the Warrant Agent by [5:00 P.M.], New York time, on the specified Exercise Date.

ELECTION TO [PURCHASE] [SELL]

TO BE EXECUTED IF WARRANT HOLDER DESIRES

TO EXERCISE THE WARRANTS EVIDENCED HEREBY

The undersigned hereby irrevocably elects to exercise, on                       ,          (the “Exercise Date”),                              Warrants, evidenced by this Warrant Certificate, to [purchase] [sell], [$                          principal amount] [                      ] of the [title of Warrant Property purchasable or salable upon exercise of Warrants] (the “Warrant Property”) of [the issuer or the Warrant Property], and represents that on or before the Exercise Date such holder has tendered [payment for such Warrant Property by certified or official bank check or bank wire transfer in immediately available funds to the order of] [the Warrant Property to] Barclays Bank PLC, a public limited company registered in England and Wales (the “Company”) c/o [Name and address of Warrant Agent], in the amount of $                          in accordance with the terms hereof. The undersigned requests that said [[principal amount of] [number of] Warrant Property be in fully registered form, in the authorized denominations, registered in such names and] [cash amount be] delivered, all as specified in accordance with the instructions set forth below.

[Unless Warrants may be exercised on only one date or only on specified dates: If said [principal amount] [number] of Warrant Property is less than all of the Warrant Property [purchasable] [salable] hereunder, the undersigned requests that a new Warrant Certificate evidencing the remaining balance of the Warrants evidenced hereby be issued and delivered to the holder of the Warrant Certificate unless otherwise specified in the instructions below.]

 

1


Dated:                     ,         

 

Name  

 

  (Please Print)
 

/../../../ – /../../ – /../../../../

  (Insert Social Security or Other Identifying Number of Holder)
Address  

 

 

 

Signature  

 

This Warrant may only be exercised by presentation to the Warrant Agent at one of the following locations:

By hand at

By mail at

The method of delivery of this Warrant Certificate is at the option and risk of the exercising holder and the delivery of this Warrant Certificate will be deemed to be made only when actually received by the Warrant Agent. If delivery is by mail, registered mail with return receipt requested, properly insured, is recommended. In all cases, sufficient time should be allowed to assure timely delivery.

(Instructions as to form and delivery of Warrant Property and/or Warrant Certificates)

Name in which Warrant Property to be registered if other than in the name of the registered holder of this Warrant Certificate:

 

     

 

 

Address to which Warrant Property is to be mailed if other than to the address of the registered holder of this Warrant Certificate as shown on the books of the Warrant Agent:

 

 

 

  (Street Address)
 

 

  (City and State) (Zip Code)

[Except for Global Warrant Certificate:

Name in which Warrant Certificate

evidencing unexercised Warrants, if any,

are to be registered if other than in the

name of the registered holder of this

Warrant Certificate:

 

 

 

 

2


Address to which certificate representing unexercised Warrants, if any, are to be mailed if other than to the address of the registered holder of this Warrant Certificate as shown on the books of the Warrant Agent:

 

 

 

  (Street Address)
 

 

  (City and State) (Zip Code)

Dated:

 

 

 

  Signature
  ([Except for Global Warrant Certificate: Signature must conform in all respects to the name of the holder as specified on the face of this Warrant Certificate.] If [If a call warrant: Warrant Property][If a put warrant: [specify relevant cash settlement value]], or a Warrant Certificate evidencing unexercised Warrants, are to be delivered to an account under a name other than that of the registered holder hereof or are to be delivered to an address other than the address of such holder as shown on the books of the Warrant Agent, the above signature must be guaranteed by a member firm of a registered national stock exchange, a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, a participant in the Security Transfer Agents Medallion Program or the Stock Exchange Medallion Program, or by a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States.)

 

3


SIGNATURE GUARANTEE
Name of Firm  

 

Address  

 

Area Code

and Number

 

 

Authorized

Signature

 

 

Name  

 

Title  

 

Dated:                   ,         

 

4


ASSIGNMENT

(FORM OF ASSIGNMENT TO BE EXECUTED IF WARRANT HOLDER

DESIRES TO TRANSFER WARRANTS EVIDENCED HEREBY)

FOR VALUE RECEIVED                                          hereby sells, assigns and transfers unto                                                  

 

 

     

 

(Please print name and address

including zip code)

     

(Please insert social security

or other identifying number)

the rights represented by the within Warrant Certificate and does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint                          Attorney, to transfer said Warrant Certificate on the books of the Warrant Agent with full power of substitution in the premises.

Dated:

 

 

 

  Signature
  (Signature must conform in all respects to the name of the holder as specified on the face of this Warrant Certificate and must bear a signature guarantee by a member firm of a registered national securities exchange, a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority, a participant in the Security Transfer Agents Medallion Program or the Stock Exchange Medallion Program, or by a commercial bank or trust company having an office or correspondent in the United States.)


SIGNATURE GUARANTEE
Name of Firm  

 

Address  

 

Area Code

and Number

 

 

Authorized

Signature

 

 

Name  

 

Title  

 

Dated:                  ,         

 

-2-

Exhibit 5.1

February 10, 2009

Barclays Bank PLC,

1 Churchill Place,

    London E14 5HP,

England.

Ladies and Gentlemen:

In connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Act”) of an unspecified aggregate initial offering price or number of (i) debt securities, which may be senior obligations (the “Senior Debt Securities”), subordinated obligations having a stated maturity (the “Dated Subordinated Debt Securities”) or subordinated obligations having no stated maturity (the “Undated Subordinated Debt Securities” and, together with the Senior Debt Securities and the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities, the “Debt Securities”) of Barclays Bank PLC, an English public limited company (the “Bank”), (ii) warrants (“Warrants”) of the Bank and (iii) preference shares (“Preference Shares”, and together with the Debt Securities


Barclays Bank PLC    -2-

 

and Warrants, the “Securities”) of the Bank, which Preference Shares may be represented by American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) evidenced by American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”) to be issued pursuant to the Deposit Agreement, dated as of April 25, 2006 (the “Deposit Agreement”), among the Bank, The Bank of New York Mellon, as depositary (the “Depositary”) and the holders from time to time of ADRs issued thereunder, we, as your United States counsel, have examined such corporate records, certificates and other documents, and such questions of law, as we have considered necessary or appropriate for the purposes of this opinion. Upon the basis of such examination, we advise you that, in our opinion:

(1) When Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement on Form F-3 (as so amended, the “Registration Statement”) has become effective under the Act, the indenture relating to the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities (in the case of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities) has been duly authorized, executed and delivered, the terms of the Debt Securities and of their issuance and sale have


Barclays Bank PLC    -3-

 

been duly established in conformity with the respective indenture relating to each series of Debt Securities (the “Applicable Debt Indenture”) so as not to violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Bank and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Bank, and the Debt Securities have been duly executed and authenticated in accordance with the Applicable Debt Indenture and issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement, the Debt Securities will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Bank, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles; provided, however, that we express no opinion with respect to the subordination provisions of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities, which are governed by English law and as


Barclays Bank PLC    -4-

 

to which you are receiving the opinion of Clifford Chance LLP, English counsel to the Bank, referred to below.

(2) With respect to Warrants to be issued under a warrant indenture in substantially the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement (“Warrant Indenture”), when Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement has become effective under the Act, the Warrant Indenture has been duly authorized, executed and delivered, the terms of such Warrants and of their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the Warrant Indenture so as not to violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Bank and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Bank, and such Warrants have been duly executed and authenticated in accordance with the Warrant Indenture and issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement, such Warrants will constitute


Barclays Bank PLC    -5-

 

valid and legally binding obligations of the Bank, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.

(3) With respect to Warrants to be issued under a warrant agreement between the Bank and a warrant agent to be named therein, in substantially the form filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement (“Warrant Agreement”), when Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement has become effective under the Act, the Warrant Agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered, the terms of such Warrants and of their issuance and sale have been duly established in conformity with the Warrant Agreement so as not to violate any applicable law or result in a default under or breach of any agreement or instrument binding upon the Bank, and so as to comply with any requirement or restriction imposed by any court or governmental body having jurisdiction over the Bank, and such Warrants have


Barclays Bank PLC    -6-

 

been duly executed and authenticated in accordance with the Warrant Agreement and issued and sold as contemplated in the Registration Statement, such Warrants will constitute valid and legally binding obligations of the Bank, subject to bankruptcy, insolvency, fraudulent transfer, reorganization, moratorium and similar laws of general applicability relating to or affecting creditors’ rights and to general equity principles.

(4) When Post-Effective Amendment No. 1 to the Registration Statement has become effective under the Act, the Preference Shares have been validly issued, and the ADRs have been duly executed and, if applicable, countersigned, and duly issued and delivered in accordance with the Deposit Agreement, the ADSs evidenced by the ADRs will be legally issued and will entitle the holders thereof to the rights specified in the ADRs and in the Deposit Agreement.

In connection with our opinion set forth in paragraph (1) above, we have with your approval assumed that the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities Indenture,


Barclays Bank PLC    -7-

 

dated June 30, 1998, between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee, and the Senior Debt Indenture, dated September 16, 2004, between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as Trustee (i) have been duly authorized in accordance with the laws of England and Wales, (ii) have been duly executed and delivered insofar as the laws of England and Wales are concerned and (iii) have been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Trustee thereunder, assumptions that we have not independently verified.

In connection with our opinion set forth in paragraph (4) above, we have also with your approval assumed that the Deposit Agreement (i) has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Depositary and (ii) has been duly authorized, executed and delivered by the Bank insofar as the laws of England and Wales are concerned, assumptions that we have not independently verified.

We note that, as of the date of this opinion, a judgment for money in an action based on a Security denominated in a foreign currency or composite currency


Barclays Bank PLC    -8-

 

unit in a Federal or state court in the United States ordinarily would be enforced in the United States only in United States dollars. The date used to determine the rate of conversion of the foreign currency or composite currency unit in which a particular Security is denominated into United States dollars will depend on various factors, including which court renders the judgment. In the case of a Security denominated in a foreign currency, a state court in the State of New York rendering a judgment on such Security would be required under Section 27 of the New York Judiciary Law to render such judgment in the foreign currency in which the Security is denominated, and such judgment would be converted into United States dollars at the exchange rate prevailing on the date of the entry of the judgment.

The foregoing opinion is limited to the Federal laws of the United States and the laws of the State of New York, and we are expressing no opinion as to the effect of the laws of any other jurisdiction. For the purposes of our opinion, we have assumed that the Bank has been duly incorporated and is an existing public limited company


Barclays Bank PLC    -9-

 

under the laws of England and Wales. With respect to all matters of English law, we note that you are being provided with the opinion, dated the date hereof, of Clifford Chance LLP. Also, with your approval we have relied as to certain matters on factual information obtained from public officials, officers of the Bank and other sources believed by us to be responsible and we have assumed that the signatures on all documents examined by us are genuine, assumptions that we have not independently verified.

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to us under the heading “Validity of Securities” in the Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act.

 

Very truly yours,
/s/ SULLIVAN & CROMWELL LLP

Exhibit 5.2

 

 

NC/70-40332442/SS

   10 February 2009

Barclays Bank PLC

1 Churchill Place

London E14 5HP

Dear Sirs

Barclays Bank PLC

Form F-3 - Registration Statement Under the Securities Act of 1933

We have acted, and have prepared this letter, on the instructions of Barclays Bank PLC (the “ Bank ” or the “ Issuer ”) in connection with the updating of the Bank’s Form F-3 - Registration Statement under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “ Registration Statement ”) to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ Commission ”) for the purpose of registering:

 

(a) The Bank’s debt securities, in one or more series, which are unsubordinated obligations (“ Senior Debt Securities ”);

 

(b) The Bank’s debt securities, in one or more series, which are subordinated obligations having a stated maturity (“ Dated Subordinated Debt Securities ”);

 

(c) The Bank’s debt securities, in one or more series, which are subordinated obligations having no stated maturity (“ Undated Subordinated Debt Securities ”);

 

(d) The Bank’s non-cumulative dollar-denominated preference shares, in one or more series (“ Preference Shares ”) and which may be represented by American Depositary Shares (evidenced by American Depositary Receipts) of a corresponding series (“ American Depositary Shares ”); and

 

(e) The Bank’s warrants, in one or more series, which may be Debt Warrants or Universal Warrants (each as defined in the Registration Statement) (the “ Warrants ”).

The Senior Debt Securities are to be issued pursuant to, and governed by, an indenture dated 16 September 2004 (the “ Senior Debt Indenture ”), the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities are to be issued pursuant to, and governed by, an indenture dated as of 30 June 1998 (the “ Dated Debt Indenture ”), the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities are to be issued pursuant to, and governed by, an indenture (the “ Undated Debt Indenture ”), the Debt Warrants are to be and some Universal Warrants may be issued pursuant to and governed by, a warrant agreement (the “ Warrant Agreement ”) and some Universal Warrants may be issued pursuant to and governed by, an indenture (the “ Warrant Indenture ”) in each case between the Bank and The Bank of New York Mellon, as trustee (the “ Trustee ”) save for the Warrant Agreement between the Bank and a warrant agent to be named therein.


1. Documents

For the purposes of this letter, we have examined inter alia the following:

 

1.1 The Senior Debt Indenture;

 

1.2 The Dated Debt Indenture;

 

1.3 Form of Undated Debt Indenture filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and dated as a draft 5 December 1997;

 

1.4 Form of Warrant Agreement filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement;

 

1.5 Form of Warrant Indenture filed as an exhibit to the Registration Statement;

 

1.6 A copy of the Registration Statement;

 

1.7 Extract from minutes of a meeting of the Board of Directors of the Bank dated 14 April 1994 and a resolution of the Fund Raising Committee of the Board of Directors of the Bank dated 29 August 2007;

 

1.8 The deposit agreement dated 25 April 2006 between the Issuer, The Bank of New York Mellon and all holders from time to time of American Depositary Receipts issued thereunder (the “ Deposit Agreement ”); and

 

1.9 A copy of the memorandum and articles of association of the Issuer as amended on 1 June 2005 (the “ Articles of Association ”).

The Senior Debt Indenture, the Dated Debt Indenture, the Undated Debt Indenture, the Warrant Indenture and the Deposit Agreement shall together be referred to as the “ Issue Documents ”.

 

2. English and UK Tax Law

The opinions set out in this letter (which are strictly limited to the matters stated herein and are not to be read as extended, by implication or otherwise, to any other matters) relate only to English law (or, insofar as the opinions relate to tax, to the tax law of the United Kingdom) as applied by the English courts as at today’s date. This letter expresses no opinion on the laws of any other jurisdiction and is governed by English law.

 

3. Assumptions

The opinions set out in this letter are based upon the following assumptions:

 

3.1 The genuineness of all signatures, stamps and seals, the conformity to the originals of all documents supplied to us as certified, photostatic or faxed copies and the authenticity of the originals of such documents.

 

3.2 That the Issue Documents and the Warrant Agreement, if executed, are duly authorised by and duly executed by or on behalf of each of the parties thereto (except the Bank) and that the performance thereof is within the capacity and powers of each of them (except as aforesaid).

 

- 2 -


3.3 That on issue, each global Preference Share and any definitive Preference Shares will be duly executed on behalf of the Issuer by the person(s) authorised to do so, that they will be authenticated and issued in accordance with the Issue Documents and, in the case of any definitive Preference Shares, in accordance with the terms of the global Preference Share.

 

3.4 That the obligations expressed to be by the Issuer under the Issue Documents to which it is a party and the Warrant Agreement, if executed, constitute the Bank’s legal, valid and binding obligations under the laws of the State of New York and that words and phrases used in such documents have the same meaning and effect as they would if such documents were governed by English law.

 

3.5 That the submission to the jurisdiction of any state and federal court in the City and State of New York by the Issuer contained in the Issue Documents to which it is a party and the Warrant Agreement, if executed is legal, valid and binding under the laws of the State of New York.

 

3.6 That the copy of the memorandum and articles of association of the Bank referred to above is true and up-to-date.

 

3.7 Barclays Bank PLC is resident only in the United Kingdom for United Kingdom tax purposes.

 

3.8 There will not be, at any material time, any substitution of the Bank as issuer under the Issue Documents or the Warrant Agreement.

 

3.9 That the holders of the American Depositary Shares are the absolute beneficial owners of the Preference Shares and any dividends paid thereon.

 

3.10 That the American Depositary Shares constitute interests in depositary receipts for the Preference Shares for the purposes of section 99(6) of the Finance Act 1986.

 

3.11 That the resolutions set out in the minutes referred to above were passed at a duly convened and quorate meeting and have not been revoked or superseded and that the minutes of any meeting referred to above are true records of the proceedings at the meetings.

 

3.12 The absence of any other arrangements between any of the parties to the Issue Documents or the Warrant Agreement which modify or supersede any of the terms of the Issue Documents or the Warrant Agreement.

 

3.13 That there has been no alteration in the status or condition of the Bank as revealed by a search carried out against the Bank at the Companies Registration Office in London at 9:53 a.m. on 9 February 2009 and an enquiry by telephone in respect of the Bank at the Central Index of Winding Up Petitions at 10:03 a.m. on 9 February 2009.

 

3.14

That the Fund Raising Committee referred to above, in resolving to execute the Issue Documents, has acted (and when electing to issue any securities constituted by the Issue

 

- 3 -


 

Documents or any Preference Shares and, if and when resolving to execute the Warrant Agreement and electing to issue any Warrants constituted by the Warrant Agreement, will act) bona fide and in the interests of the Bank.

 

3.15 That an English court would conclude that each of the Issue Documents and the Warrant Agreement, if executed, which is governed by a law other than English law has the same effect under the relevant governing law as it would have if such agreement was governed by English law.

 

3.16 That the Issue Documents have been or will be and the Warrant Agreement, if executed, will be entered into in the form as reviewed for the purpose of this opinion and outlined above.

 

4. Opinion as to English Law

On the basis of such assumptions and subject to the reservations set out below, we are of the opinion that:

 

4.1 The Bank is a company duly incorporated in England.

 

4.2 The Issue Documents constitute and the Warrant Agreement, if entered into in the form attached as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, will constitute legal, valid and binding obligations of the Bank.

 

4.3 The subordination provisions applicable to the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities set out in Sections 2.01 and 12.01 of the Dated Debt Indenture have the effect that in a winding up of the Bank in England the holders of Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the Trustee will not be entitled to receive and retain any amounts for application in payment of sums due in respect of the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and any such Coupons until all Dated Subordinated Debt Senior Claims (as defined in the Dated Debt Indenture) have been satisfied.

 

4.4 The subordination provisions applicable to the Undated Debt Securities set out in Section 2.01 and 12.01 of the Undated Debt Indenture have the effect that in a winding up of the Bank in England the holders of Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and any Coupons appertaining thereto and the Trustee will not be entitled to receive and retain any amounts for application in payment of sums due in respect of the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities and any such Coupons until all Senior Claims (as defined in the Undated Debt Indenture) have been satisfied.

 

4.5 The Preference Shares, when issued by the Bank against receipt of the subscription price therefor or upon the exercise by the Bank of any right of conversion attaching to Dated or Undated Subordinated Debt Securities of any series, will, upon all necessary action having been taken in accordance with the Articles of Association of the Bank and assuming due authority has or will be provided by the Directors of the Bank and provided that at the relevant time there are sufficient authorised but unissued Preference Shares available for issue by the Directors of the Bank, be duly authorised and validly issued and fully paid and will not be subject to calls for further funds.

 

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4.6 We hereby confirm to you that the section entitled “Tax Considerations—United Kingdom Taxation” in the Registration Statement is correct in all material respects.

 

4.7 We confirm that this opinion may be filed with the Commission as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and we consent to the references to our firm under the headings “Tax Considerations—United Kingdom Taxation”, “Service of process and Enforcement of Liabilities” and “Validity of Securities” in the Prospectus included in the Registration Statement. In giving this consent, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Securities Act or the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder. Save as aforesaid, this opinion is addressed to you on the understanding that it may not be transmitted to any person for any purpose, or quoted or referred to in any public document or filed with any government agency or other person without our prior written consent.

 

5. Reservations

The opinions set out in paragraph 4 above are subject to a number of reservations, including the general reservation that the term “enforceable” as used above signifies that the relevant obligations are of a type which the English courts may enforce, but does not mean that those obligations will necessarily be enforced in all circumstances in accordance with their terms. You should particularly note the following reservations:

 

5.1 The power of an English court to order specific performance of an obligation or to order any other equitable remedy is discretionary and, accordingly, an English court might make an award of damages where specific performance of an obligation or any other equitable remedy was sought.

 

5.2 Where obligations of any person are to be performed in jurisdictions outside England, such obligations may not be enforceable under English law to the extent that performance thereof would be illegal or contrary to public policy under the laws of any such jurisdiction.

 

5.3 In some circumstances an English court may, and in certain circumstances it must, terminate or suspend proceedings commenced before it, or decline to restrain proceedings commenced in another court, notwithstanding the provisions of the Preference Shares or the Issue Documents or the Warrant Agreement providing that the courts of England have jurisdiction in relation thereto.

 

5.4 Where any person is vested with a discretion or may determine a matter in its opinion, English law may require that such discretion is exercised reasonably or that such opinion is based on reasonable grounds.

 

5.5 Any provision to the effect that any calculation, determination or certification will be conclusive and binding will not be effective if such calculation, determination or certification is fraudulent, arbitrary or manifestly incorrect, and an English court may regard any calculation, determination or certification as no more than prima facie evidence of the matter calculated, determined or certified.

 

5.6 Enforcement of rights may be or become limited by prescription or by the lapse of time, or may be or become subject to set-off or counterclaim.

 

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5.7 Under English law, any obligation to pay additional interest in circumstances of breach or default might be held to be unenforceable on the ground that it is a penalty and thus void.

 

5.8 Any question as to whether or not any provision of any agreement or instrument which is illegal, invalid, not binding, unenforceable or void may be severed from the other provisions thereof in order to save those other provisions would be determined by an English court in its discretion.

 

5.9 If a party to any Issue Document or the Warrant Agreement or to any transfer of, or payment in respect of, a Preference Share is controlled by or otherwise connected with a person (or is itself) resident in, incorporated in or constituted under the laws of a country which is the subject of United Nations, European Community or United Kingdom sanctions implemented or effective in the United Kingdom under the United Nations Act 1946 or the Emergency Laws (Re-enactments and Repeals) Act 1964 or the Anti-terrorism, Crime and Security Act 2001 or under the Treaty establishing the European Community, as amended, or is otherwise the target of any such sanctions, then obligations to that party under the relevant Issue Document or the Warrant Agreement or in respect of the relevant transfer or payment may be unenforceable or void.

 

5.10 Our opinions as regards the binding nature of the obligations of the Issuer and Barclays PLC under the Issue Documents or the Warrant Agreement are subject to all limitations arising from bankruptcy, insolvency, liquidation, reorganisation, moratorium or similar laws affecting the rights of creditors generally.

 

5.11 It is our experience that searches and enquiries of the type referred to in paragraph 3.13 above may be unreliable and, in particular, that notice of a winding up order made or resolutions passed, or an administration order made, or a receiver or administrative receiver appointed may not be filed promptly at the Companies Registry.

 

5.12 An English court may not apply the laws of the State of New York if to do so would be contrary to public policy or mandatory rules of English law.

 

5.13 If any proceedings are brought by the Issuer in the English courts, those courts may accept jurisdiction in certain cases, notwithstanding the provisions of the Issue Documents, the Warrant Agreement and the ADSs providing that the Issuer has irrevocably submitted to any state or federal court in the City and State of New York have exclusive jurisdiction in relation thereto.

 

5.14 The opinion in paragraph 4.6 above assumes that any transfer of, or agreement to transfer, a holder’s rights in respect of Senior Debt Securities, Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and Undated Subordinated Debt Securities held in a clearing system does not amount to the transfer of, or an agreement to transfer either:

 

  (i) an interest in such Senior Debt Securities, Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and Undated Subordinated Debt Securities; or

 

  (ii)

rights against the clearing system;

 

- 6 -


 

in each case falling short of full ownership of the relevant Senior Debt Securities, Dated Subordinated Debt Securities and Undated Subordinated Debt Securities. Whilst this point is not entirely free from doubt, we are not aware of the United Kingdom HM Revenue & Customs seeking to charge stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax on the basis that the legal position is as set out in (i) or (ii) above.

 

5.15 There are no reciprocal arrangements in force between the United States of America and the United Kingdom for the recognition or enforcement of judgments. Accordingly, a judgment by any state or federal court in the City and State of New York is not enforceable directly in England but may be recognised by the English courts according to common law principles. A judgment by those courts will not be enforced by the English courts if:

 

  5.15.1 the proceedings in which the judgment was given were opposed to natural justice;

 

  5.15.2 the judgment was obtained by fraud;

 

  5.15.3 the enforcement of the judgment would be contrary to English public policy;

 

  5.15.4 an order has been made and remains effective under section 9 of the Foreign Judgments (Reciprocal Enforcement) Act 1933 applying that section to judgments of those courts;

 

  5.15.5 before the date on which those courts gave judgment, the matter in dispute had been the subject of a final judgment of another court having jurisdiction whose judgment is enforceable in England;

 

  5.15.6 the judgment is for multiple damages within the meaning of section 5(3) of the Protection of Trading Interests Act 1980;

 

  5.15.7 the judgment is based on a rule of law specified by the Secretary of State as concerned with the prohibition of restrictive trade practices;

 

  5.15.8 the judgment is based on foreign measures which the Secretary of State specifies as regulating and controlling international trade and which, in so far as they apply to persons carrying on business in the United Kingdom, are damaging or threaten to damage the trading interests of the United Kingdom; or

 

  5.15.9 the bringing of proceedings in those courts was contrary to an agreement under which the dispute in question was to be settled otherwise than by proceedings in those courts.

 

5.16

If the English court gives judgment for the sum payable under a judgment of the state or federal courts in the City and State of New York, the English judgment would be enforceable by the methods generally available for the enforcement of English judgments. These give the court a discretion whether to allow enforcement by any particular method. In addition, it may not be possible to obtain an English judgment or to enforce any English judgment if the judgment debtor is subject to any insolvency or similar proceedings, if there is delay, if an appeal is pending or anticipated against the

 

- 7 -


 

English judgment in England or against the foreign judgment in the state or federal courts in the City and State of New York or if the judgment debtor has any set-off or counterclaim against the judgment creditor.

 

5.17 Our opinion is subject to Rule 2.85 or Rule 4.90 of the Insolvency Rules 1986 which provides for a mandatory right of set-off where there have been mutual dealings between a company and a creditor prior to that company’s liquidation. We therefore express no opinion as to whether the subordination provisions in the Dated Subordinated Debt Securities or the Undated Subordinated Debt Securities (together the “ Subordinated Securities ”), will be effective in this regard in a liquidation of the Bank or the holder in the event that any sum is then due (within the meaning of Rule 2.85 or Rule 4.90 of the Insolvency Rules 1986) to the holder from the Bank under the Subordinated Securities.

 

5.18 We would refer you to section 107 of the Insolvency Act 1986 which provides that a “company’s property … shall on the winding-up be applied in satisfaction of the company’s liabilities pari passu”. Nevertheless it is our view, following two cases decided at first instance, that contractual subordination provisions are effective under English law notwithstanding section 107 of the Insolvency Act 1986 and two earlier decisions of the House of Lords which could be construed as ruling that it was contrary to public policy to contract out of the pari passu rule. However, it should be noted that these decisions, being first instance, are persuasive but not binding on any Court in future cases;

 

5.19 We express no opinion as to whether interest payable to unsubordinated creditors under section 189 of the Insolvency Act 1986 would be payable in priority to the holder’s claims under the Subordinated Securities;

 

5.20 Under section 238 of the Insolvency Act 1986, the court may set aside a transaction which is at an undervalue which was entered into within a specified period ending with the onset of insolvency (being, in broad terms, the earliest of the date of the commencement of a winding-up or, if earlier, the date of presentation of an application for an administration order, the filing with the court of a notice of intention to appoint an administrator, or the company entering administration). A transaction is at an undervalue if the transaction constitutes a gift or if the company enters into the transaction for a consideration the value of which is significantly less than the value of the consideration provided by the company. For such an order to be made the company must have been unable to pay its debts within the meaning of section 123 of the Insolvency Act 1986 at the time of the transaction or as a consequence of it. No order may be made if the company entered into the transaction in good faith and for the purpose of carrying on its business and there were reasonable grounds at that time for believing that the transaction would benefit the company. We are aware of no facts which suggest that an order might be made under this provision but would stress that the issues are primarily ones of fact;

 

5.21

Under section 239 of the Insolvency Act 1986, the court may set aside a transaction which is a preference which was entered into within a specified period ending with the onset of insolvency. A transaction is a preference if the company does any thing or suffers anything to be done which has the effect of putting a creditor, surety or guarantor into a position which, in the event of the company’s insolvent liquidation, would be

 

- 8 -


 

better than if that thing had not been done or suffered. No order may be made unless the company was influenced in giving the preference by a desire to produce that result. For an order to be made the company must also have been unable to pay its debts within the meaning of section 123 of the Insolvency Act 1986 at the time of the transaction or as a consequence of it. This provision has effect not only in relation to the entry into of new transactions but also in relation to payments and other performance of obligations under existing transactions. We are aware of no facts which suggest that an order might be made under this provision in relation to the Bank in connection with any issue of the Subordinated Securities, but would stress that the issues are primarily ones of fact, and we express no view as to whether the performance of obligations falling due for performance in the future might constitute a preference at that time;

 

5.22 Under section 178 of the Insolvency Act 1986, a liquidator of a company may disclaim “onerous” property of the company, which includes any “unprofitable contract” to which the company is party. We do not consider that the powers conferred by this provision could be used to avoid the subordination provisions of the Subordinated Securities, but the question has not apparently been tested before any English court;

 

5.23 There are provisions in both the Companies Act 1985 and 2006 and the Insolvency Act 1986 for schemes of arrangement or voluntary arrangements in respect of companies to be agreed by creditors or, in some cases, shareholders of the company. In the case of either a scheme of arrangement or a company voluntary arrangement, approval at the creditors’ meeting of its terms does not require unanimity of the affected creditors, whether or not present at the meeting. Such arrangements could affect rights of creditors including the relative ranking of their claims against the company. Any such an arrangement which purported to unwind or otherwise amend the application of the subordination provisions of the Subordinated Securities would require to be voted upon by all affected creditors, which would include the general body of ordinary unsecured creditors of the Bank who would be the constituency most affected by such an arrangement. In the case of a scheme of arrangement under s. 425 Companies Act 1985, such a scheme would, most likely, not become effective unless and until (i) it had been approved by a class meeting of the ordinary unsecured unsubordinated creditors of the Bank, by the requisite statutory majorities of those creditors (being 75% by value and 50% by number of those attending and voting at the meeting) and (ii) it was then sanctioned by the High Court, which would withhold such sanction if it considered that the scheme was ‘unfair’. In the case of a voluntary arrangement under Part 1 of the Insolvency Act 1986, no such separate class meeting of the Bank’s unsecured unsubordinated creditors would be convened. Rather, all creditors of the Bank would be entitled to attend a meeting and vote on the proposal. However, if the arrangement were approved by the statutory majority of the Bank’s creditors, it would be open to any unsecured unsubordinated creditor to apply to the High Court for the arrangement to be set aside on the ground that at least that creditor would be unfairly prejudiced by the arrangement.

 

6. Limits of our Opinion

We express no opinion as to any agreement, instrument or other document other than as specified in this letter, or as to any liability to tax which may arise or be suffered as a result of or

 

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in connection with the Issue Documents, the Warrant Agreement, Preference Shares, the American Depositary Shares, Senior Debt Securities, Dated Subordinated Debt Securities, Undated Subordinated Debt Securities or Warrants or, in any case, their creation, issue, allotment or delivery. We have not been responsible for investigation or verification of statements of fact (including statements as to foreign law) or the reasonableness of any statements of opinion contained in the Registration Statement, nor have we been responsible for ensuring that the Registration Statement contains all material facts. In particular, we have not been responsible for ensuring that the Registration Statement complies with the listing requirements of any stock exchange.

This letter is given solely for the purposes of the updating of the Registration Statement and for the information of the persons to whom it is addressed, and may not be relied upon for any other purpose or by any other person.

 

Yours faithfully

/s/ Clifford Chance LLP

 

- 10 -

Exhibit 8.1

February 10, 2009

Barclays Bank PLC,

1 Churchill Place,

    London E14 5HP,

England.

Ladies and Gentlemen:

We have acted as your United States tax counsel in connection with the registration under the Securities Act of 1933 (the “Act”) of an unspecified aggregate initial offering price or number of (i) debt securities, which may be senior obligations, subordinated obligations having a stated maturity or subordinated obligations having no stated maturity (the “Debt Securities”) of Barclays Bank PLC, an English public limited company (the “Bank”), (ii) warrants (“Warrants”) of the Bank and (iii) preference shares (“Preference Shares”) of the Bank, which Preference Shares may be represented by American Depositary Shares (“ADSs”) evidenced by American Depositary Receipts (“ADRs”). We hereby confirm to you that our opinion is as set forth under the caption “Tax Considerations – U.S. Taxation” in the prospectus (the “Prospectus”), included in


Barclays Bank PLC    -2-

 

the Registration Statement on Form F-3 relating to the Debt Securities, Warrants, Preference Shares and ADSs (the “Registration Statement”).

We hereby consent to the filing of this opinion as an exhibit to the Registration Statement and to the reference to us under the heading “Tax Considerations – U.S. Taxation” in the Prospectus. In giving such consent, we do not admit that we are in the category of persons whose consent is required under Section 7 of the Act.

 

Very truly yours,
/s/ SULLIVAN & CROMWELL LLP

Exhibit 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We hereby consent to the incorporation by reference in this Post-Effective Amendment No.1 to Registration Statement on Form F-3 (file no. 333-145845) of our reports dated March 7, 2008 and March 10, 2008, respectively, for:

1. Barclays PLC relating to the financial statements and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting; and

2. Barclays Bank PLC relating to the financial statements

which appear in the combined Annual Report on Form 20-F for Barclays PLC and Barclays Bank PLC for the year ended December 31, 2007.

We also consent to the reference to us under the heading “Experts” in such Registration Statement.

 

Yours Faithfully

/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP

PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
London, England
February 10, 2009

Exhibit 25.2

 

 

FORM T-1

 

 

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

STATEMENT OF ELIGIBILITY

UNDER THE TRUST INDENTURE ACT OF 1939 OF A

CORPORATION DESIGNATED TO ACT AS TRUSTEE

CHECK IF AN APPLICATION TO DETERMINE

ELIGIBILITY OF A TRUSTEE PURSUANT

TO SECTION 305(b)(2)  ¨

 

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

(Exact name of trustee as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

New York   13-5160382

(State of incorporation

if not a U.S. national bank)

 

(I.R.S. employer

identification no.)

 

One Wall Street, New York, N.Y.   10286
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

 

 

BARCLAYS BANK PLC

(Exact name of obligor as specified in its charter)

 

 

 

England   None

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. employer

identification no.)

 

1 Churchill Place

London E14 5HP, England

 
(Address of principal executive offices)   (Zip code)

 

 

Warrants

(Title of the indenture securities)

 

 

 


1. General information. Furnish the following information as to the Trustee:

 

  (a) Name and address of each examining or supervising authority to which it is subject.

 

Name

  

Address

Superintendent of Banks of the State of New York    One State Street, New York, N.Y. 10004-1417, and Albany, N.Y. 12223
Federal Reserve Bank of New York    33 Liberty Street, New York, N.Y. 10045
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation    Washington, D.C. 20429
New York Clearing House Association    New York, New York 10005

 

  (b) Whether it is authorized to exercise corporate trust powers.

Yes.

 

2. Affiliations with Obligor.

If the obligor is an affiliate of the trustee, describe each such affiliation.

None.

 

16. List of Exhibits.

Exhibits identified in parentheses below, on file with the Commission, are incorporated herein by reference as an exhibit hereto, pursuant to Rule 7a-29 under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939 (the “Act”) and 17 C.F.R. 229.10(d).

 

  1. A copy of the Organization Certificate of The Bank of New York Mellon (formerly known as The Bank of New York, itself formerly Irving Trust Company) as now in effect, which contains the authority to commence business and a grant of powers to exercise corporate trust powers. (Exhibit 1 to Amendment No. 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-6215, Exhibits 1a and 1b to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-21672, Exhibit 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 33-29637, Exhibit 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-121195 and Exhibit 1 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-152735).

 

-2-


  4. A copy of the existing By-laws of the Trustee. (Exhibit 4 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-121195).

 

  6. The consent of the Trustee required by Section 321(b) of the Act (Exhibit 6 to Form T-1 filed with Registration Statement No. 333-152735).

 

  7. A copy of the latest report of condition of the Trustee published pursuant to law or to the requirements of its supervising or examining authority.

 

-3-


SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Act, the Trustee, The Bank of New York Mellon, a corporation organized and existing under the laws of the State of New York, has duly caused this statement of eligibility to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, all in The City of New York, and State of New York, on the 3rd day of February, 2009.

 

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON
By:  

/S/ CHERYL CLARKE

Name:   CHERYL CLARKE
Title:   VICE PRESIDENT

 

-4-


EXHIBIT 7

Consolidated Report of Condition of

THE BANK OF NEW YORK MELLON

of One Wall Street, New York, N.Y. 10286

And Foreign and Domestic Subsidiaries,

a member of the Federal Reserve System, at the close of business September 30, 2008, published in accordance with a call made by the Federal Reserve Bank of this District pursuant to the provisions of the Federal Reserve Act.

 

     Dollar Amounts
In Thousands

ASSETS

  

Cash and balances due from depository institutions:

  

Noninterest-bearing balances and currency and coin

   44,129,000

Interest-bearing balances

   48,207,000

Securities:

  

Held-to-maturity securities

   7,661,000

Available-for-sale securities

   39,616,000

Federal funds sold and securities purchased under agreements to resell:

  

Federal funds sold in domestic offices

   877,000

Securities purchased under agreements to resell

   4,598,000

Loans and lease financing receivables:

  

Loans and leases held for sale

   0

Loans and leases, net of unearned income

   46,218,000

LESS: Allowance for loan and lease losses

   324,000

Loans and leases, net of unearned income and allowance

   45,894,000

Trading assets

   6,900,000

Premises and fixed assets (including capitalized leases)

   1,087,000

Other real estate owned

   7,000

Investments in unconsolidated subsidiaries and associated companies

   858,000

Not applicable

  

Intangible assets:

  

Goodwill

   5,026,000

Other intangible assets

   1,619,000

Other assets

   12,220,000
    

Total assets

   218,699,000
    


LIABILITIES

  

Deposits:

  

In domestic offices

   103,521,000

Noninterest-bearing

   80,077,000

Interest-bearing

   23,444,000

In foreign offices, Edge and Agreement subsidiaries, and IBFs

   67,951,000

Noninterest-bearing

   2,259,000

Interest-bearing

   65,692,000

Federal funds purchased and securities sold under agreements to repurchase:

  

Federal funds purchased in domestic offices

   4,367,000

Securities sold under agreements to repurchase

   76,000

Trading liabilities

   5,676,000

Other borrowed money:

  

(includes mortgage indebtedness and obligations under capitalized leases)

   12,514,000

Not applicable

  

Not applicable

  

Subordinated notes and debentures

   3,490,000

Other liabilities

   8,209,000
    

Total liabilities

   205,804,000
    

Minority interest in consolidated subsidiaries

   473,000

EQUITY CAPITAL

  

Perpetual preferred stock and related surplus

   0

Common stock

   1,135,000

Surplus (exclude all surplus related to preferred stock)

   6,764,000

Retained earnings

   6,564,000

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   -2,041,000

Other equity capital components

   0

Total equity capital

   12,422,000
    

Total liabilities, minority interest, and equity capital

   218,699,000
    


I, Thomas P. Gibbons, Chief Financial Officer of the above-named bank do hereby declare that this Report of Condition is true and correct to the best of my knowledge and belief.

 

Thomas P. Gibbons,

Chief Financial Officer

We, the undersigned directors, attest to the correctness of this statement of resources and liabilities. We declare that it has been examined by us, and to the best of our knowledge and belief has been prepared in conformance with the instructions and is true and correct.

 

Gerald L. Hassell

           

Steven G. Elliott

         Directors   

Robert P. Kelly