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As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on November 11, 2009

Registration No. 333-         

 

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM S-1

REGISTRATION STATEMENT

UNDER

THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933

 

 

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

 

 

British Virgin Islands   3841   Not applicable

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

 

(Primary Standard Industrial

Classification Code Number)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

 

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

1223 Epoch Center

No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road

Haidian District

Beijing 100089

People’s Republic of China

(8610) 5166-0080

 

CT Corporation System

111 Eighth Avenue

New York, New York 10011

(800) 624-0909

(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of principal executive offices)   (Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)

 

 

Copies to:

Bradley A. Haneberg, Esq.

Anthony W. Basch, Esq.

Kaufman & Canoles, P.C.

Three James Center, 1051 East Cary Street, 12th Floor

Richmond, Virginia 23219

(804) 771-5700 – telephone

(804) 771-5777 – facsimile

 

 

Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to the public: As soon as practicable after this Registration Statement becomes effective.

If any of the securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, check the following box.   x

If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨


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If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering.   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer   ¨    Accelerated filer   ¨
Non-accelerated filer   ¨   (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)    Smaller reporting company   x

 

 

CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE

 

 

Title of Each Class of

Securities to be Registered

  Proposed Maximum
Aggregate Offering
Price (1)
  Amount of
Registration Fee

Common Shares (2)

  $13,500,000   $753.30

Placement Agent Warrants and Underlying Common Shares (3)

  $1,620,150   $90.40

Total

  $15,120,150   $843.70 (4)
 
 
(1)

The registration fee for securities is based on an estimate of the Proposed Maximum Aggregate Offering Price of the securities, assuming the sale of the maximum number of shares at the highest expected offering price, and such estimate is solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(o). Please note that the remainder of the registration statement assumes an offering price at the midpoint of the offering range.

(2)

In accordance with Rule 416(a), the Registrant is also registering an indeterminate number of additional common shares that shall be issuable pursuant to Rule 416 to prevent dilution resulting from share splits, share dividends or similar transactions.

(3)

We have agreed to issue warrants to our placement agent, Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated (the “Placement Agent”), to purchase up to 10% of the aggregate number of common shares sold by the Registrant (the “Placement Agent’s Warrants”). The price paid by the Placement Agent for the Placement Agent’s Warrants is $0.001 per warrant. Assuming a maximum placement and a maximum offering price of $9.00 per share, the Placement Agent would receive 150,000 Placement Agent’s Warrants to purchase one common share each at a purchase price of $10.80 per share. The exercise price of the Placement Agent’s Warrants is equal to 120% of the price of the common shares offered hereby. Assuming a maximum placement and an exercise price of $10.80 per share, we would receive, in the aggregate, $1,620,000 upon exercise of the Placement Agent’s Warrants. The resale of the Placement Agent’s Warrants is registered hereunder. The common shares underlying the Placement Agent’s Warrants are exercisable within one year of the date of this registration statement and are deemed to commence simultaneously with the Placement Agent’s Warrants and are being registered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.

(4)

Paid herewith.

 

 

The Registrant hereby amends this Registration Statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the Registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this Registration Statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or until the Registration Statement shall become effective on such date as the Securities and Exchange Commission, acting pursuant to such Section 8(a), may determine.

 

 

 


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The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. We may not sell these securities until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.

 

SUBJECT TO COMPLETION, DATED NOVEMBER 11, 2009

Registration Statement No. 333-             

LOGO

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

Minimum Offering: 1,250,000 Common Shares

Maximum Offering: 1,500,000 Common Shares

This is the initial public offering of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, a British Virgin Islands limited company. We are offering a minimum of 1,250,000 and a maximum of 1,500,000 of our common shares. Our officers and directors may, but have made no commitment, nor indicated they intend to, purchase shares in the offering. Purchases by our officers and directors may be made in order to meet the minimum offering amount. We have not placed a limit on the number of shares our officers and directors may purchase in this offering.

We expect that the offering price will be between $7.00 and $9.00 per common share. No public market currently exists for our common shares. We have applied for approval for quotation on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “DHRM” for the common shares we are offering.

Investing in these common shares involves significant risks. See “ Risk Factors ” beginning on page 8 of this prospectus.

 

     Per Common Share    Minimum Offering    Maximum Offering

Assumed public offering price

   $ 8.00    $ 10,000,000    $ 12,000,000

Placement discount

   $ 0.56    $ 700,000    $ 840,000

Proceeds to us, before expenses

   $ 7.44    $ 9,300,000    $ 11,160,000

We expect our total cash expenses for this offering to be approximately $500,000, exclusive of the above commissions. In addition, we will pay our placement agent a non-accountable expense allowance of 1% of the amount of the offering, or up to $120,000 (maximum offering, exclusive of any shares registered under Rule 462(b)) or $100,000 (minimum offering). The placement agent must sell the minimum number of securities offered (1,250,000 common shares) if any are sold. The placement agent is only required to use its best efforts to sell the maximum number of securities offered (1,500,000 common shares). The offering will terminate upon the earlier of: (i) a date mutually acceptable to us and our placement agent after which the minimum offering is sold or (ii) May 31, 2010. Until we sell at least 1,250,000 shares, all investor funds will be held in an escrow account at SunTrust Bank, Richmond, Virginia. If we do not sell at least 1,250,000 shares by May 31, 2010, all funds will be promptly returned to investors (within one business day) without interest or deduction.

These securities have not been approved or disapproved by the Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities commission nor has the Securities and Exchange Commission or any state securities commission passed upon the accuracy or adequacy of this prospectus. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.

Anderson & Strudwick,

Incorporated

Prospectus dated             , 2009


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LOGO


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Except where the context otherwise requires and for purposes of this prospectus only:

 

   

the terms “we,” “us,” “our company” and “our” refer to (i) Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, a British Virgin Islands company, (ii) Beijing Dehaier Medical Technology Company Limited, a PRC company, (iii) De-haier Medical Systems (Hong Kong) Limited, a Hong Kong company and (iv) Beijing Dehaier Technology Company Limited, a PRC company.

 

   

“shares” and “common shares” refer to our common shares, $0.002731 par value per share;

 

   

“China” and “PRC” refer to the People’s Republic of China, and for the purpose of this prospectus only, excluding Taiwan, Hong Kong and Macau; and

 

   

all references to “RMB,” “Renminbi” and “¥” are to the legal currency of China, and all references to “$” and “U.S. dollars” are to the legal currency of the United States.

For purposes of clarity, where the context requires us to differentiate between the entities generally referred to collectively as “our company”, and for purposes of this prospectus only:

 

   

“Dehaier” refers to Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, a British Virgin Islands business company with limited liability.

 

   

“DHK” refers to De-haier Medical Systems (Hong Kong) Limited, our wholly-owned subsidiary in Hong Kong.

 

   

“BDL” refers to Beijing Dehaier Medical Technology Company Limited, our PRC operating subsidiary, of which Dehaier owns 96.37% and BTL owns the remaining 3.63% of equity.

 

   

“BTL” refers to Beijing Dehaier Technology Company Limited, a PRC company controlled by certain of our executive officers which owns approximately 3.63% of BDL’s equity.

This prospectus contains translations of certain Renminbi amounts into U.S. dollar amounts at a specified rate solely for the convenience of the reader. Except as provided below or otherwise noted, all translations made in this prospectus are based upon a rate of ¥6.8262 to $1.00, which was the exchange rate on September 30, 2009. Unless otherwise stated, we have translated balance sheet amounts with the exception of equity at December 31, 2008 at ¥6.8225 to $1.00 as compared to ¥7.2946 to $1.00 at December 31, 2007. We have stated equity accounts at their historical rate. The average translation rates applied to income statement accounts for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2007 were ¥6.9483 and ¥7.6040, respectively. The translation rates of DHK were not significant for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

We make no representation that the RMB or U.S. dollar amounts referred to in this prospectus could have been or could be converted into U.S. dollars or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate or at all. See “Risk Factors – Fluctuation of the Renminbi could materially affect our financial condition and results of operations” for discussions of the effects of fluctuating exchange rates on the value of our common shares. Any discrepancies in any table between the amounts identified as total amounts and the sum of the amounts listed therein are due to rounding.

This prospectus follows the English naming convention of first name followed by last name, whether an individual’s name is Chinese or English. For example, the name of the chief executive officer of Dehaier is presented as “Ping Chen,” even though, in Chinese, his name is presented as “Chen Ping.”

Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus assumes:

 

   

no person will exercise any outstanding options;

 

   

the sale of 1,500,000 common shares, the maximum shares offered in this offering; and

 

   

an assumed initial public offering price of $8.00 per common share, the midpoint of the range set forth on the cover page of this prospectus.

We have relied on statistics provided by a variety publicly-available sources regarding China’s expectations of growth and market potential in our industry, increased government spending on infrastructure and economic development. We did not sponsor, directly or indirectly, the publication of such materials.

 

 

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PROSPECTUS SUMMARY

This summary highlights information that we present more fully in the rest of this prospectus. This summary does not contain all of the information you should consider before buying common shares in this offering. This summary contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements about our plans, objectives, expectations, assumptions or future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “we believe,” “we intend,” “may,” “should,” “could,” and similar expressions. These statements involve estimates, assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the “Risk Factors” section and the financial statements and the notes to those statements.

Our Company

We develop, assemble and market home respiratory and oxygen homecare products and other medical devices in China. We offer a broad range of more than 30 products that can be used in the surgery room, patient room and at home, and we also provide technical service products to manufacturers and distributors. In recent years, we have placed a significant emphasis on our respiratory and oxygen homecare products. Through the integration of technology, customer input, and employee creativity, we seek to provide innovative, high quality and affordable products that improve the lives of people with sleep and respiratory disorders.

We sell our products primarily to distributors, and the balance directly to hospitals, clinics, government agencies, and individual consumers. With over 2,000 distributors and 70 direct sales and sales support personnel, we believe our nationwide distribution, sales and service network is one of the largest such networks for any medical device company in China. We serve as a significant distributor in China for several foreign producers of medical devices and respiratory and oxygen homecare products, including IMD, Timesco, WelchAllyn, Kontron, JMS and ResMed. We believe this extensive platform allows us to be responsive to local market demand. To date, we have sold our medical devices to approximately 3,000 hospitals, clinics and other healthcare facilities and have sold our respiratory and oxygen homecare products to over 35,000 families.

China’s Healthcare Industry

In April 2009, the Chinese government implemented large-scale healthcare reform. The State Council allocated $123 billion as part of its New Medical Reform Plan. The plan, which is part of China’s stimulus package aimed at correcting the recent global economic down-turn, contemplates the development of a universal healthcare system that will cover 90% of China’s population by 2010. In addition, the plan includes significant improvements to health care facilities and expansion of China’s health related infrastructure.

Specifically, within three years, the Chinese government aims to improve the urban healthcare system by rebuilding and restructuring approximately 3,700 existing urban community health centers and 11,000 community health clinics. The plan will also accommodate the development of approximately 2,400 new urban health centers. In effect, the plan de-emphasizes the prevalence of large, magnet facilities in favor of smaller, more accessible clinics.

In addition, the plan is designed to dramatically improve medical services available for the 800 million rural poor in China. Through the plan, the Chinese government contemplates the development of clinics in every village and a hospital in every county in China by the end of 2011. If successfully implemented, the plan would result in at least 2,000 new county hospitals and 29,000 village clinics.

 

 

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Our Opportunity

We believe that we are well positioned to benefit from the rapid growth of expenditures on medical devices in China and the growing demand for domestic medical devices in China. A recent article published by the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania suggests that the expected value of China’s medical device market will reach $28 billion by 2014, more than twice the size of such market in 2006. China’s medical device market is projected to grow faster than the global medical device market. China is already the third largest medical device market in the world behind the United States and Japan, and within the next five to seven years China is expected to surpass Japan and become the second largest medical device market in the world. The respiratory and oxygen homecare market in China is also experiencing rapid growth. This market as a whole experienced growth of 12.1% in 2005 with the market for continuous positive airway pressure (“CPAP”) machines growing 27% in that year. Reasons for the rapid growth of China’s medical device market include:

 

   

fast growing economy;

 

   

increasing percentage of gross domestic product, or GDP, expected to be spent on healthcare by the Chinese government;

 

   

increasing desire for and utilization of more advanced technologies in Chinese hospitals and clinics;

 

   

increasing availability of healthcare insurance;

 

   

higher degree of operating autonomy at hospitals and clinics; and

 

   

growing desire for better quality of care.

Hospitals and clinics in China purchase almost all of their medical devices and supplies through distributors. These distributors tend to operate in small territories in China, and many focus on eastern coastal cities. As a result, medical device companies need to develop relationships with several distributors in different regions to be able to reach a broad end user base. We believe the ability to leverage local contacts and knowledge is vital in establishing an effective distribution network, constituting a significant barrier to entry for both smaller local companies and international competitors that lack a meaningful local presence in China.

Our Competitive Strengths

We believe we have the following principal competitive strengths, enabling us to attain a leading position in China’s medical device and respiratory and oxygen homecare industries:

 

   

our established brand and market position in China’s medical device and respiratory and oxygen homecare industries;

 

   

our established distribution, sales and service network throughout China;

 

   

our research and development capabilities;

 

   

our established relationships with foreign medical device manufacturers;

 

   

our established relationships with approximately 3,000 hospital customers; and dedicated customer support and service.

Our Strategies

Our objective is to strengthen our position as one of China’s leaders in developing, assembling and marketing respiratory and oxygen homecare products and to develop a presence in certain select foreign markets, including, Europe, South-East Asia and South America. We intend to achieve our objective by implementing the following strategies:

 

   

increasing our market share in China’s respiratory and oxygen homecare market;

 

   

increasing our focus on research and development in order to develop more advanced products and new product lines;

 

   

enhancing our market position and brand recognition in China as well as other certain select foreign markets;

 

 

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maintaining our disciplined cost focus; and

 

   

maintaining our distribution network through active management and regular reviews of distributor performance.

Our Challenges and Risks

The successful execution of our strategies is subject to certain risks and uncertainties, including those related to:

 

   

uncertainties in our development, introduction and marketing of new solution and services;

 

   

recruitment, training and retention of skilled engineers and other personnel;

 

   

our ability to respond to competitive pressures;

 

   

execution of our growth strategy;

 

   

uncertainties in the fluctuation of the RMB;

 

   

our ability to purchase products from our international suppliers at competitive prices;

 

   

protection of our trade secrets and other valuable intellectual property; and

 

   

complexities of the regulatory environment in China.

In addition, we face risks and uncertainties that may materially affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects. Thus, you should consider the risks discussed in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus before investing in our common shares.

 

 

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Our Corporate Structure

Overview

We were incorporated as an international business company under the International Business Companies Act, 1984, in the British Virgin Islands on July 22, 2003 under the name “De-Haier Medical Systems Limited.” We changed our name to “Dehaier Medical Systems Limited” on June 3, 2005. On September 24, 2003, we established BDL. On October 15, 2003, we founded DHK and created a holding company structure by which we are the parent company of BDL and DHK. BDL has been focused on the development and distribution of medical devices since its inception and began developing its respiratory and oxygen homecare business in 2006. See “Our Corporate Structure.”

Our Structure

The following diagram illustrates our current corporate structure as of the date of this prospectus.

LOGO

Corporate Information

Our principal executive offices are located at 1223 Epoch Center, No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, People’s Republic of China (100089). Our website address is http://www.chinadhr.com. Information contained on our website or any other website is not a part of this prospectus.

 

 

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The Offering

 

Shares Offered:   

Minimum:      1,250,000 common shares

Maximum:     1,500,000 common shares

Shares to be Outstanding after Offering:   

Minimum:      4,250,000 common shares

Maximum:     4,500,000 common shares

Gross Proceeds:   

Minimum:      $10,000,000

Maximum:     $12,000,000

Proposed NASDAQ Capital Market Symbol:    “DHRM” (CUSIP No. G27010 100)
Transfer Agent:   

Computershare Trust Company, N.A.

250 Royall Street, Canton, Massachusetts 02021

Risk Factors:    Investing in these securities involves a high degree of risk. As an investor, you should be able to bear a complete loss of your investment. You should carefully consider the information set forth in the “Risk Factors” section of this prospectus before deciding to invest in our common shares.
Closing of Offering:    The offering contemplated by this prospectus will terminate upon the earlier of: (i) a date mutually acceptable to us and our placement agent after the minimum offering is sold or (ii) May 31, 2010.

 

 

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Placement

We have engaged Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated to conduct this offering on a “best efforts, minimum/maximum” basis. The offering is being made without a firm commitment by the placement agent, which has no obligation or commitment to purchase any of our common shares. Our placement agent is required to use only its best efforts to sell the securities offered. The offering will terminate upon the earlier of: (i) a date mutually acceptable to us and our placement agent after which at least 1,250,000 common shares are sold or (ii) May 31, 2010. Until we sell at least 1,250,000 common shares, all investor funds will be held in an escrow account at SunTrust Bank, Richmond, Virginia. If we do not sell at least 1,250,000 common shares by May 31, 2010, all funds will be promptly returned to investors (within one business day) without interest or deduction. Although they have not formally committed to do so, our affiliates may opt to purchase common shares in connection with this offering. To the extent such individuals invest, they will purchase our common shares with investment intent and without the intent to resell.

Make-Good Escrow

In order to mitigate some of this risk, each of the initial shareholders of our company has agreed to place, on a prorated basis, that number of common shares into escrow that is equal to 40% of the maximum number of shares to be sold in this offering. Upon closing of this offering, the escrow agent will return any shares in excess of 40% of the actual number of shares sold in the offering. Such escrowed shares are referred to as the “Make-Good Shares.” The Make-Good Shares will remain in escrow with SunTrust Bank pending the filing of our company’s Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2010.

To the extent our audited after-tax earnings per share for the year ending December 31, 2010 are less than $0.80, excluding any expenses associated with releasing the Make-Good Shares back to the original owners as described below, our company will redeem, pro rata, the Make-Good Shares without any additional consideration to the extent necessary to cause our audited after-tax earnings per share to be equal to $0.80. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to redeem a sufficient number of Make-Good Shares to increase audited after-tax earnings per share to $0.80 if our company either has low net income or any net losses in 2010. Any remaining Make-Good Shares will be released from escrow to our initial shareholders upon the earlier of (i) termination of this offering without closing or (ii) the filing of the Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2010 after redeeming any Make-Good Shares. See “Risk Factors – A redemption of Make-Good Shares may be insufficient to cause our company to achieve projected earnings and may reduce our management’s involvement and stake in our company.”

Placement Agent Warrants

In connection with this offering, we will, for a nominal amount, sell our placement agent warrants to purchase up to ten percent of the shares sold in the offering. These warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from the date of issuance at a price equal to 120% of the price of the shares in this offering. If we complete the maximum offering, we will issue 150,000 warrants to the placement agent to purchase one common share each. During the term of the warrants, the holders thereof will be given the opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of our common shares, with a resulting dilution in the interest of our other shareholders. The terms on which we could obtain additional capital during the life of these warrants may be adversely affected because the holders of these warrants might be expected to exercise them when we are able to obtain any needed additional capital in a new offering of securities at a price greater than the exercise price of the warrants. If the placement agent exercises all of its warrants, we would have between 2.94% (minimum offering) and 3.33% (maximum offering) more shares outstanding after the placement agent warrant exercise than at the conclusion of the offering, assuming no other issuances (including any issuances under the share incentive plan). See “Placement.”

 

 

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Summary Financial Information

In the table below, we provide you with summary financial data of our company. This information is derived from our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any future period. When you read this historical selected financial data, it is important that you read it along with the historical statements and notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2009
    For the fiscal
year ended
December 31,
 
       2008     2007  
     (Unaudited)              

Revenue

   $ 9,422,460      $ 9,414,430      $ 6,599,512   

Operating income

     2,401,854        1,183,039        681,436   

Net income

     2,110,278        980,351        848,421   

Non-controlling interest in income

     (38,502     (62,331     (53,214

Net income attributable to Dehaier

     2,071,776        918,020        795,207   

Basic earnings per share (based on 1,891,930 shares outstanding on each of September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007) (1)

     1.10        0.48        0.42   

Diluted earnings per share (based on 3,000,000, 3,000,000 and 2,451,624 shares outstanding on September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively) (1)

     0.69        0.31        0.32   

Pro forma basic earnings per share (based on 1,291,930 shares outstanding on each of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008) (2)

     1.60        0.71        N/A   

Pro forma diluted earnings per share (based on 2,400,000 shares outstanding on each of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively) (2)

     0.86        0.38        N/A   
     September 30, 2009     December 31,  
       2008     2007  
     (Unaudited)              

Total assets

   $ 16,485,711      $ 13,046,400      $ 9,928,863   

Total current liabilities

     6,566,373        5,232,464        3,550,505   

Total Dehaier shareholders’ equity

     8,676,245        6,608,704        5,310,499   

Non-controlling interest

     1,243,093        1,205,232        1,067,859   

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

     16,485,711        13,046,400        9,928,863   

 

(1)

We have presented these basic and diluted earnings per share in Dehaier after giving retroactive effect to the 3.66140766-for-1 share split of common shares completed as of October 31, 2009.

(2)

We have presented these pro forma earnings per share after (a) giving retroactive effect to the 3.66140766-for-1 share split of our common shares completed as of October 31, 2009 and (b) assuming the redemption of all shares placed into escrow as described in the section entitled “Related Party Transactions – Make-Good Shares Subject to Redemption.” The number of escrowed shares is based on 600,000 common shares (40% of an assumed maximum of 1,500,000 common shares). Pro forma basic EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 calculated on the foregoing assumptions and based on 1,291,930 Dehaier shares, is $0.40. Pro forma diluted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 calculated on the foregoing assumptions and based on 2,400,000 Dehaier shares, is $0.22. No pro forma numbers have been provided for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

 

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RISK FACTORS

Investment in our securities involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the risks described below together with all of the other information included in this prospectus before making an investment decision. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face, but represent the material risks to our business. If any of the following risks actually occurs, our business, financial condition or results of operations could suffer. In that case, you may lose all or part of your investment. You should not invest in this offering unless you can afford to lose your entire investment.

Risks Related to Our Business and Industry

Our quarterly revenues and operating results are difficult to predict and could fall below investor expectations, which could cause the trading price of our common shares to decline.

Our quarterly revenues and operating results have fluctuated in the past and may continue to fluctuate significantly depending upon numerous factors. In particular, during the period from April to May, we generally experience an increase in revenues associated with our attendance at the China International Medical Equipment Fair, the largest exhibition of medical equipment, related products and services in Asia-Pacific region. This fair occurs in the spring each year. In addition, we generally experience an increase in revenues in the period from September through November. This increase is associated with hospital purchasing designed to extinguish governmental budgets prior to the fiscal year end. We believe that our first quarter performance will generally decline as a result of the lack of business conducted during the Chinese Lunar New Year Holiday. To the extent our financial performance fluctuates significantly, investors may lose confidence in our business and the price of our common shares could decrease.

We may fail to effectively develop and commercialize new products, which could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

The respiratory and oxygen homecare market is developing rapidly and related technology trends are constantly evolving. This results in the frequent introduction of new products, short product life cycles and significant price competition. Consequently, our future success depends on our ability to anticipate technology development trends and identify, develop and commercialize in a timely and cost-effective manner the new and advanced products that our customers demand. New products contribute significantly to our revenues. In 2008, we developed three new products in the respiratory and oxygen homecare market. We expect the respiratory and oxygen homecare market to continue to evolve toward newer and more advanced products. Moreover, it may take an extended period of time for our new products to gain market acceptance, if at all. Furthermore, as the life cycle for a product matures, the average selling price generally decreases. In the future, we may be unable to offset the effect of declining average sales prices through increased sales volume and controlling product costs. Lastly, during a product’s life cycle, problems may arise regarding regulatory, intellectual property, product liability or other issues which may affect the product’s continued commercial viability. Whether we are successful in developing and commercializing new products will depend on our ability to:

 

   

accurately assess technology trends and customer needs and meet market demands;

 

   

optimize our assembly and procurement processes to predict and control costs;

 

   

assemble and deliver products in a timely manner;

 

   

increase customer awareness and acceptance of our products;

 

   

minimize the time and costs required to obtain required regulatory clearances or approvals;

 

   

anticipate and compete effectively with other medical device developers, manufacturers and marketers;

 

   

price our products competitively; and

 

   

effectively integrate customer feedback into our research and development planning.

 

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Our revenues are highly dependent on a limited number of customers involved in China’s healthcare device industry.

For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, approximately 11%, 17%, 8% and 7%, respectively, of our sales were from one customer. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, receivables from four and three customers were approximately 50%, 38%, 34% and 48%, respectively.

We anticipate that our dependence on a limited number of customers will continue for the foreseeable future. Consequently, any one of the following events may cause material fluctuations or declines in our revenues:

 

   

reduction, delay or cancellation of orders from one or more of our significant customers;

 

   

loss of one or more of our significant customers and our failure to identify additional or replacement customers; and

 

   

failure of any of our significant customers to make timely payment for our products.

To anticipate our client’s future needs, we must maintain a close relationship with our key customers. Any failure to maintain this close relationship, due to unsuccessful sales and marketing efforts, lack of suitable products, unsatisfactory performance or other reasons, could result in our losing a client and its business. If we lose a key customer or a portion of work we currently receive from it, a key customer significantly reduces its purchasing levels or delays a major purchase or we fail to attract additional major customers, our revenues could decline, and our operating results could be materially and adversely affected.

We sell our products primarily to distributors and our ability to add distributors will impact our revenue growth. Failure to maintain or expand our distribution network would materially and adversely affect our business.

With over 2,000 distributors throughout China, we depend on sales to distributors for a significant majority of our revenues. As our existing distributor agreements expire, we may be unable to renew such agreements on favorable terms or at all. Furthermore, we actively manage our distribution network and regularly review the performance of each distributor. We attempt to terminate agreements with any distributors who are found to be underperforming. This policy may make us less attractive to some distributors. In addition, we compete for distributors with other leading medical device companies who may enter into long-term distribution agreements, effectively preventing many distributors from selling our products. As a result, a significant amount of time and resources must be devoted to maintaining and growing our distribution network. Any disruption in our distribution network could have negative effects on our ability to sell our products, which would in turn materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Although we do not own or control our distributors, the actions of these distributors may affect our business operations or our reputation in the marketplace.

Our distributors are independent from us, and as such, our ability to effectively manage their activities is limited. Distributors could take any number of actions that could have material adverse effects on our business. If we fail to adequately manage our distribution network or if distributors do not comply with our distribution agreements, our corporate image could be tarnished among end users, disrupting our sales. Furthermore, we could be liable for actions taken by our distributors, including any violations of applicable law in connection with the marketing or sale of our products, including China’s anti-corruption laws. Recently, the PRC government has increased its anti-bribery efforts in the healthcare sector to reduce improper payments received by hospital administrators and doctors in connection with the purchase of pharmaceutical products and medical devices. Our distributors may violate these laws or otherwise engage in illegal practices with respect to their sales or marketing of our products. If our distributors violate these laws, we could be required to pay damages or fines, which could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations. In addition, our brand and reputation, our sales activities or the price of our shares could be adversely affected if our company becomes the target of any negative publicity as a result of actions taken by our distributors.

 

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We plan to expand our homecare and technical service products internationally and become a leader in selected international markets. Such expansion can be difficult and time consuming, and if unsuccessful our future profits would be materially and adversely affected.

While we are currently an industry leader in China, we envision becoming a leader in selected international markets with our homecare and technical service products. We intend to enter into markets in which we have limited or no experience and in which our brand may be less recognized. We plan to devote significant resources to marketing and promoting our brand internationally and attracting distributors in foreign markets. Success in international markets will depend on our ability to attract a sufficient number of distributors suitable for selling our products. Furthermore, in new markets we may fail to anticipate competitive conditions that are different from those in our existing markets. These competitive conditions may make it difficult or impossible for us to operate effectively in these markets.

Operation in international markets will also expose us to many other risks, including but not limited to:

 

   

political instability;

 

   

economic instability and recessions;

 

   

changes in tariffs;

 

   

difficulties of administering foreign operations generally;

 

   

limited protection for intellectual property rights;

 

   

obligations to comply with a wide variety of foreign laws and other regulatory requirements;

 

   

increased risk of exposure to terrorist activities;

 

   

financial condition, expertise and performance of international distributors;

 

   

export license requirements;

 

   

unauthorized re-export of our products;

 

   

inability to purchase our products from international suppliers at competitive prices;

 

   

potentially adverse tax consequences; and

 

   

inability to effectively enforce contractual or legal rights.

We are highly dependent on our key personnel such as key executives and research and development personnel.

We are highly dependent on the continued service of our key executives and other key personnel. In particular, we substantially rely on our chairman and chief executive officer Mr. Ping Chen to manage our business and operations. We also rely on key research and development personnel for the development of new products. In addition, we rely on customer service personnel for the installation and support of our products and on marketing and sales personnel, engineers and other personnel with technical and industry knowledge to market, sell, install and service our products. We have entered into standard one-year employment contracts with all of our officers and managers and other key personnel and one-year employment contracts with our other employees. These contracts prohibit our employees from engaging in any conduct or activity that would be competitive with our business during the course of their employment. Loss of any of our key personnel could severely disrupt our business. We may not be able to find suitable or qualified replacements, and will likely incur additional expenses in order to recruit and train any new personnel.

Competition for qualified management and key personnel in the medical technology field is intense and the pool of qualified candidates is limited. We not only compete with other medical device companies but also universities and other research institutions to attract and retain qualified personnel. This intense competition may force us to offer higher compensation and benefit packages in order to attract and retain the most qualified personnel. Our future success depends on our ability to attract and retain these individuals and failure to do so could result in severe disruptions to our business and growth.

 

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Our business is subject to intense competition, which may reduce demand for our products and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects.

The medical device market is highly competitive, and we expect competition to intensify. We face direct competition both domestically and internationally across all product lines and price points. Our competitors also vary by product. For domestic sales, our competitors include publicly traded and privately held multinational companies, such as Respironics, Inc., ResMed Inc., and Covidien, as well as domestic Chinese companies such as Beijing Aoji, Beijing Ya’ao, Jiangsu Yuyue and Zhejiang Longfei. For international sales, our competitors are primarily publicly traded and privately held multinational companies. We also face competition in international sales from companies that have local operations in the markets in which we sell our products. Some of our larger competitors may have:

 

   

greater financial and other resources;

 

   

larger variety of products;

 

   

more products that have received regulatory approvals;

 

   

greater pricing flexibility;

 

   

more extensive research and development and technical capabilities;

 

   

patent portfolios that may present an obstacle to our conduct of business;

 

   

greater knowledge of local market conditions where we seek to increase our international sales;

 

   

stronger brand recognition; and

 

   

larger sales and distribution networks.

As a result, we may be unable to offer products similar to, or more desirable than, those offered by our competitors, market our products as effectively as our competitors or otherwise respond successfully to competitive pressures. In addition, our competitors may be able to offer discounts on competing products as part of a “bundle” of non-competing products, systems and services that they sell to our customers, and we may not be able to profitably match those discounts. Our competitors may develop technologies and products that are more effective than those we currently offer or that render our products obsolete or uncompetitive. The timing of the introduction of competing products into the market could affect the market acceptance and market share of our products. Our failure to compete successfully could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, results of operation and prospects.

Some of our internationally-based competitors may follow in the footsteps of Covidien and establish production or research and development facilities in China, while others may enter into cooperative business arrangements with Chinese manufacturers. If we are unable to develop competitive products, obtain regulatory approval or clearance and supply sufficient quantities to the market as quickly and effectively as our competitors, market acceptance of our products may be limited, which could result in decreased sales. In addition, we may not be able to maintain our product cost advantages.

We believe that corrupt practices in the medical device industry in China still occur. To increase sales, certain manufacturers or distributors of medical devices may pay kickbacks or provide other benefits to hospital personnel who make procurement decisions. Our company policy prohibits these practices by our direct sales personnel and our distribution agreements require our distributors to comply with applicable law. As a result, as competition intensifies in the medical device industry in China, we may lose sales, customers or contracts to competitors.

If we fail to accurately project demand for our products, we may encounter problems of inadequate supply or oversupply, especially with respect to our international markets, which would materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations, as well as damage our reputation and brand.

Our distributors typically order our products on a purchase order basis. We project demand for our products based on rolling projections from our distributors, our understanding of anticipated hospital procurement spending, and distributor inventory levels. Lack of significant order backlog and the varying sales and purchasing cycles of our distributors and other customers, however, make it difficult for us to forecast future demand accurately.

 

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Our projections of market demand for our products in international markets are less reliable than our domestic projections because we have less information available on which to base our projections. Specifically, we do not have consistently reliable information regarding international distributor inventory levels, and we often lack extensive knowledge of the local market conditions or about the purchasing patterns, preferences, or cycles of international distributors. Furthermore, because shipping finished products to international distributors typically takes more time than shipping to domestic distributors, inaccurate projections of international demand could result more quickly in unmet demand.

If we overestimate demand, we may purchase more unassembled parts or components than we require. If we underestimate demand, our third party suppliers may have inadequate unassembled parts or product component inventories, which could interrupt the assembly process and delay shipments, and could result in lost sales. In particular, we are seeking to reduce our procurement and inventory costs by matching our inventory closely with our projected product needs and by, from time to time, deferring our purchase of components in anticipation of supplier price reductions. As we seek to balance reduced inventory costs and assembly flexibility, we may fail to accurately forecast demand and coordinate our procurement and assembly to meet demand on a timely basis. Our inability to accurately predict our demand and to timely meet our demand could materially and adversely affect our financial conditions and results of operations as well as damage our reputation and corporate brand.

Failure to manage our growth could strain our management, operational and other resources, which could materially and adversely affect our business and prospects.

Our growth strategy includes building our brand, increasing market penetration of our existing products, developing new products, increasing our targeting of the home respiratory market in China, and increasing our exports. Pursuing these strategies has resulted in, and will continue to result in substantial demands on management resources. In particular, the management of our growth will require, among other things:

 

   

continued enhancement of our research and development capabilities;

 

   

information technology system enhancement;

 

   

stringent cost controls and sufficient liquidity;

 

   

strengthening of financial and management controls and information technology systems; and

 

   

increased marketing, sales and support activities; and hiring and training of new personnel.

If we are not able to manage our growth successfully, our business and prospects would be materially and adversely affected.

A redemption of Make-Good Shares may be insufficient to cause our company to achieve projected earnings and may reduce our management’s involvement and stake in our company.

As described in greater detail in the sections entitled “Related Party Transactions – Make-Good Shares Subject to Redemption” and “Placement – Market and Pricing Considerations,” certain key members of our management have agreed to place, on a prorated basis, that number of common shares into escrow that is equal to 40% of the number of shares sold in this offering (such escrowed shares, the “Make-Good Shares”) pending determination of our audited net after-tax income for the year ending December 31, 2010. The Make-Good Shares will consist of a prorated allocation of shares beneficially owned by Ping Chen, Zheng (Rita) Liu, Weibing Yang, Jian Sun and Yong Wang, key members of our management team. Our company will redeem these Make-Good Shares pro rata without further consideration to the extent necessary to cause our earnings per share to be at least $0.80, excluding any expenses associated with releasing the Make-Good Shares back to the original owners as described below.

We cannot guarantee that we will be able to redeem a sufficient number of Make-Good Shares to increase audited after-tax earnings per share to $0.80 if our company either has low net income or any net losses in 2010. To the extent there are an insufficient number of Make-Good Shares available for such redemption, our per-share after tax earnings may be less than $0.80 for 2010.

 

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As noted above, the holders of the Make-Good Shares are integral to our company’s success. Prior to the commencement of this offering, they collectively own 58.61% of our issued and outstanding shares. Assuming a maximum offering, they would collectively hold approximately 39.07% of our shares upon completion of the offering. In the event all of the Make-Good Shares are redeemed, these members of management would collectively hold 23.44% of our shares, assuming a maximum offering. See “Risk Factors – We are substantially dependent upon our key personnel.”

Unauthorized use of our brand name by third parties, and the expenses incurred in developing and preserving the value of our brand name, may adversely affect our business.

We regard our brand name as critical to our success. Unauthorized use of our brand name by third parties may adversely affect our business and reputation, including the perceived quality and reliability of our products. We rely on trademark law, company brand name protection policies, and agreements with our employees, customers, business partners and others to protect the value of our brand name. Despite our precautions, we may be unable to prevent third parties from using our brand name without authorization. Moreover, litigation may be necessary in the future to protect our brand name. However, because the validity, enforceability and scope of protection of trademarks in the PRC are uncertain and still evolving, we may not be successful in prosecuting these cases. Future litigation could also result in substantial costs and diversion of our resources, and could disrupt our business, as well as have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to obtain or maintain applicable regulatory clearances or approvals for our products, or if such clearances or approvals are delayed, we will be unable to commercially distribute and market our products at all or in a timely manner, which could significantly disrupt our business and materially and adversely affect our sales and profitability.

The sale and marketing of our products are subject to regulation in China. For a significant portion of our sales, we need to obtain and renew licenses and registrations with the PRC State Food and Drug Administration, or SFDA. The processes for obtaining regulatory clearances or approvals can be lengthy and expensive, and the results are unpredictable. In addition, the relevant regulatory authorities may introduce additional requirements or procedures that have the effect of delaying or prolonging the regulatory clearance or approval for our existing or new products. If we are unable to obtain clearances or approvals needed to market existing or new products, or obtain such clearances or approvals in a timely fashion, our business would be significantly disrupted, and our sales and profitability could be materially and adversely affected.

We generate a significant portion of our revenues from a small number of products, and a reduction in demand for any of these products could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We derive a substantial percentage of our revenues from a small number of products. Our three top selling products accounted, in the aggregate, for approximately 73%, 65%, 61% and 57% of our total net revenues in the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, and the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2009, respectively. We expect a small number of our key products will continue to account for a significant portion of our net revenues for the foreseeable future. As a result, continued market acceptance and popularity of these products is critical to our success, and a reduction in demand due to, among other factors, the introduction of competing products by our competitors, the entry of new competitors, or end-users’ dissatisfaction with the quality of these products could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to protect our intellectual property rights, it could harm our business and competitive position.

We rely on a combination of patent, copyright, trademark and trade secret laws and non-disclosure agreements and other methods to protect our intellectual property rights. We own two patents in China covering our oxygen concentrators. We have applied for five additional patents related to our CPAP devices (2), portable sleep screening (2) and diagnostic services (1).

 

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The process of seeking patent protection can be lengthy and expensive, our patent applications may fail to result in patents being issued, and our existing and future patents may be insufficient to provide us with meaningful protection or commercial advantage. Our patents and patent applications may also be challenged, invalidated or circumvented.

We also rely on trade secret rights to protect our business through non-disclosure provisions in employment agreements with employees. If our employees breach their non-disclosure obligations, we may not have adequate remedies in China, and our trade secrets may become known to our competitors.

Implementation of PRC intellectual property-related laws has historically been lacking, primarily because of ambiguities in the PRC laws and enforcement difficulties. Accordingly, intellectual property rights and confidentiality protections in China may not be as effective as in the United States or other western countries. Furthermore, policing unauthorized use of proprietary technology is difficult and expensive, and we may need to resort to litigation to enforce or defend patents issued to us or to determine the enforceability, scope and validity of our proprietary rights or those of others. Such litigation and an adverse determination in any such litigation, if any, could result in substantial costs and diversion of resources and management attention, which could harm our business and competitive position.

We may be exposed to intellectual property infringement and other claims by third parties which, if successful, could disrupt our business and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

Our success depends, in large part, on our ability to use and develop our technology and know-how without infringing third party intellectual property rights. As we increase our product sales internationally, and as litigation becomes more common in China, we face a higher risk of being the subject of claims for intellectual property infringement, invalidity or indemnification relating to other parties’ proprietary rights. Our current or potential competitors, many of which have substantial resources and have made substantial investments in competing technologies, may have or may obtain patents that will prevent, limit or interfere with our ability to make, use or sell our products in either China or other countries, including the United States and other countries in Asia. The validity and scope of claims relating to medical device technology patents involve complex scientific, legal and factual questions and analysis and, as a result, may be highly uncertain. In addition, the defense of intellectual property suits, including patent infringement suits, and related legal and administrative proceedings can be both costly and time consuming and may significantly divert the efforts and resources of our technical and management personnel. Furthermore, an adverse determination in any such litigation or proceedings to which we may become a party could cause us to:

 

   

pay damage awards;

 

   

seek licenses from third parties;

 

   

pay ongoing royalties;

 

   

redesign our products; or

 

   

be restricted by injunctions,

each of which could effectively prevent us from pursuing some or all of our business and result in our customers or potential customers deferring or limiting their purchase or use of our products, which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations.

We are subject to product liability exposure and have limited insurance coverage. Any product liability claims or potential safety-related regulatory actions could damage our reputation and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

The medical devices we assemble and sell can expose us to potential product liability claims if the use of these products causes or is alleged to have caused personal injuries or other adverse effects. Any product liability claim or regulatory action could be costly and time-consuming to defend. If successful, product liability claims may require us to pay substantial damages. We do not maintain product liability insurance to cover potential product liability arising from the use of our products because product liability insurance available in China offers only limited coverage compared to coverage offered in many other

 

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countries. As we expand our sales internationally and increase our exposure to these risks in many countries, we may be unable to obtain sufficient product liability insurance coverage on commercially reasonable terms, or at all. A product liability claim or potential safety-related regulatory action, with or without merit, could result in significant negative publicity and could materially and adversely affect the marketability of our products and our reputation, as well as our business, financial condition and results of operations.

Moreover, a material design, manufacturing or quality failure or defect in our products, other safety issues or heightened regulatory scrutiny could each warrant a product recall by us and result in increased product liability claims. Also, if these products are deemed by the authorities in the countries where we sell our products to fail to conform to product quality and safety requirements, we could be subject to regulatory action. In China, violation of PRC product quality and safety requirements may subject us to confiscation of related earnings, penalties, an order to cease sales of the violating product or to cease operations pending rectification. Furthermore, if the violation is determined to be serious, our business license to assemble or sell violating and other products could be suspended or revoked.

We may undertake acquisitions, which may have a material adverse effect on our ability to manage our business, and may end up being unsuccessful.

Our growth strategy may involve the acquisition of new technologies, businesses, products or services or the creation of strategic alliances in areas in which we do not currently operate. These acquisitions could require that our management develop expertise in new areas, manage new business relationships and attract new types of customers. Furthermore, acquisitions may require significant attention from our management, and the diversion of our management’s attention and resources could have a material adverse effect on our ability to manage our business. We may also experience difficulties integrating acquisitions into our business and operations. Future acquisitions may also expose us to potential risks, including risks associated with:

 

   

the integration of new operations, services and personnel;

 

   

unforeseen or hidden liabilities;

 

   

the diversion of resources from our existing businesses and technologies; our inability to generate sufficient revenue to offset the costs of acquisitions; and

 

   

potential loss of, or harm to, relationships with employees or customers, any of which could significantly disrupt our ability to manage our business and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may need additional capital in the future, and we may be unable to obtain such capital in a timely manner or on acceptable terms, or at all.

In order for us to grow, remain competitive, develop new products, and expand our distribution network, we may require additional capital in the future. Our ability to obtain additional capital in the future is subject to a variety of uncertainties, including:

 

   

our future financial condition, results of operations and cash flows;

 

   

general market conditions for capital raising activities by medical device manufacturers and other related companies; and

 

   

economic, political and other conditions in China and elsewhere.

We may be unable to obtain additional capital in a timely manner or on acceptable terms or at all. Furthermore, the terms and amount of any additional capital raised through issuances of equity securities may result in significant shareholder dilution.

 

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We operate in a very competitive industry and may not be able to maintain our revenues and profitability.

We operate in a highly competitive industry. Our competitors include both domestic companies and international companies. Some of these competitors have significantly greater financial and marketing resources and name recognition than we have.

Given the $585 billion stimulus initiative in China and its impact on healthcare, we expect the availability of healthcare to increase, as more hospitals and clinics are developed rurally.

As we expect demand for our products to increase along with the availability of healthcare, we must continue to focus on competitive pricing and innovation by being at the forefront of market trends and improving our product and service offerings.

We are dependent on the state of the PRC’s economy as all of our business is conducted in the PRC.

Currently, all of our business operations are conducted in the PRC. Accordingly, any significant slowdown in the PRC economy may cause our customers to reduce expenditures. This may in turn lead to a decline in the demand for our products and services. That would have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We rely on technology and know-how, which we seek to protect, in part, by confidentiality provisions in contracts with our employees.

We rely on technology and know-how, which we seek to protect by confidentially provisions in contracts with our employees. There can be no assurance that the confidentially provisions in such contracts will not be breached, or that we will have adequate remedies for any breach, or that other parties may not obtain knowledge of our trade secrets and processes, technology and systems. Should these events occur, our business and hence, our profitability, will be adversely affected.

Our operations could be adversely affected by changes in the political and economic conditions in the PRC.

We face risks related to conducting business in the PRC. Changes in the social, economic and political conditions of the PRC may adversely affect our business. Unfavorable changes in government policies, political unrest and economic developments may also have a negative impact on our operations.

Since the adoption of the “open door policy” in 1978 and the “socialist market economy” in 1993, the PRC government has been reforming and is expected to continue to reform its economic and political systems. Any changes in the political and economic policy of the PRC government may lead to changes in the laws and regulations or the interpretation of the same, as well as changes in the foreign exchange regulations, taxation and import and export restrictions, which may in turn adversely affect our financial performance. While the current policy of the PRC government seems to be one of imposing economic reform policies to encourage foreign investments and greater economic decentralization, there is no assurance that such a policy will continue to prevail in the future.

Introduction of new laws or changes to existing laws by the PRC government may adversely affect our business.

The PRC legal system is a codified legal system made up of written laws, regulations, circulars, administrative directives and internal guidelines. Unlike common law jurisdictions like the United States, decided cases (which may be taken as reference) do not form part of the legal structure of the PRC and thus have no binding effect. Furthermore, in line with its transformation from a centrally planned economy to a more free market-oriented economy, the PRC government is still in the process of developing a comprehensive set of laws and regulations. As the legal system in the PRC is still evolving, laws and regulations or the interpretation of the same may be subject to further changes. Such changes, if implemented, may adversely affect our business or financial results.

 

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We are heavily dependent upon the services of experienced personnel who possess skills that are valuable in our industry, and we may have to actively compete for their services.

We are heavily dependent upon our ability to attract, retain and motivate skilled personnel to serve our customers. Many of our personnel possess skills that would be valuable to all companies engaged in our industry. Consequently, we expect that we will have to actively compete for these employees. Some of our competitors may be able to pay our employees more than we are able to pay to retain them. Our ability to profitably operate is substantially dependent upon our ability to locate, hire, train and retain our personnel. Although we have not experienced difficulty locating, hiring, training or retaining our employees to date, there can be no assurance that we will be able to retain our current personnel, or that we will be able to attract and assimilate other personnel in the future. If we are unable to effectively obtain and maintain skilled personnel, the development and quality of our services could be materially impaired. See “Our Business—Employees.”

If we fail to obtain or maintain applicable regulatory clearances or approvals for our products, or if such clearances or approvals are delayed, we will be unable to commercially distribute and market our products at all or in a timely manner, which could significantly disrupt our business and materially and adversely affect our sales and profitability.

The sale and marketing of our medical device products are subject to regulation in China and in most other countries where we conduct business. For a significant portion of our sales, we need to obtain and renew licenses and registrations with the PRC State Food and Drug Administration, or SFDA. The processes for obtaining regulatory clearances or approvals can be lengthy and expensive, and the results are unpredictable. In addition, the relevant regulatory authorities may introduce additional requirements or procedures that have the effect of delaying or prolonging the regulatory clearance or approval for our existing or new products. For example, the SFDA introduced a new safety standard to its approval process for new medical devices, which we believe has increased the typical time period required to obtain such approval by approximately three months. If we are unable to obtain clearances or approvals needed to market existing or new products, or obtain such clearances or approvals in a timely fashion, our business would be significantly disrupted, and our sales and profitability could be materially and adversely affected. See “Regulation.”

If we experience a significant number of warranty claims, our costs could substantially increase and our reputation and brand could suffer.

We typically sell our products with warranty terms covering 12 months after purchase. Our product warranty requires us to repair all mechanical malfunctions and, if necessary, replace defective components. We accrue liability for potential warranty claims at the time of sale. If we experience an increase in warranty claims or if our repair and replacement costs associated with warranty claims increase significantly, we may have to accrue a greater liability for potential warranty claims. Moreover, an increase in the frequency of warranty claims could substantially increase our costs and harm our reputation and brand. Our business, financial condition, results of operations and prospects may suffer materially if we experience a significant increase in warranty claims on our products.

Foreign Operational Risks

Our failure to obtain the prior approval of the China Securities Regulatory Commission of the listing and trading of our common shares on the NASDAQ Capital Market could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results, reputation and trading price of our common shares, and may also create uncertainties for this offering.

On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies, including the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“CSRC”), promulgated a regulation that became effective on September 8, 2006. This regulation, among other things, has some provisions that purport to require that an offshore special purpose vehicle, or SPV, formed for listing purposes and controlled directly or indirectly by PRC companies or individuals shall obtain the approval of the CSRC prior to the listing and trading of such SPV’s securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published on its official website procedures specifying documents and materials required to be submitted to it by SPVs seeking CSRC approval of their overseas listings.

 

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We did not seek CSRC approval in connection with our initial public offering or this offering. However, the application of this PRC regulation remains unclear with no consensus currently existing among the leading PRC law firms regarding the scope and applicability of the CSRC approval requirement.

Our PRC counsel, Beijing Kang Da Law Firm, has advised us that because we completed our restructuring before September 8, 2006, the effective date of the new regulation, it was not and is not necessary for us to submit the application to the CSRC for its approval, and the listing and trading of our common shares on the NASDAQ Capital Market does not require CSRC approval. A copy of Beijing Kang Da Law Firm’s legal opinion regarding this PRC regulation is filed as an exhibit to our registration statement on Form S-1 in connection with this offering, which is available at the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov.

If the CSRC or another PRC regulatory agency subsequently determines that CSRC approval was required for our initial public offering or this offering, we may face regulatory actions or other sanctions from the CSRC or other PRC regulatory agencies. These regulatory agencies may impose fines and penalties on our operations in the PRC, limit our operating privileges in the PRC, delay or restrict the repatriation of the proceeds from our initial public offering into the PRC, or take other actions that could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition, results of operations, reputation and prospects, as well as the trading price of our common shares. The CSRC or other PRC regulatory agencies also may take actions requiring us, or making it advisable for us, to halt this offering before settlement and delivery of the common shares offered hereby. Consequently, if you engage in market trading or other activities in anticipation of and prior to settlement and delivery, you do so at the risk that settlement and delivery may not occur.

Also, if later the CSRC requires that we obtain its approval, we may be unable to obtain a waiver of the CSRC approval requirements, if and when procedures are established to obtain such a waiver. Any uncertainties and/or negative publicity regarding this CSRC approval requirement could have a material adverse effect on the trading price of our common shares.

We may become a passive foreign investment company, which could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to U.S. investors.

Based upon the nature of our business activities, we may be classified as a passive foreign investment company (“PFIC”), by the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”), for U.S. federal income tax purposes. Such characterization could result in adverse U.S. tax consequences to you if you are a U.S. investor. For example, if we are a PFIC, a U.S. investor will become subject to burdensome reporting requirements. The determination of whether or not we are a PFIC is made on an annual basis and will depend on the composition of our income and assets from time to time. Specifically, we will be classified as a PFIC for U.S. tax purposes if either:

 

   

75% or more of our gross income in a taxable year is passive income; or

 

   

the average percentage of our assets by value in a taxable year which produce or are held for the production of passive income (which includes cash) is at least 50%.

The calculation of the value of our assets is based, in part, on the then market value of our common shares, which is subject to change. In addition, the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raise in this offering. We cannot assure you that we will not be a PFIC for any taxable year. See “Taxation – United States Federal Income Taxation – Passive Foreign Investment Company.”

 

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We may be subject to foreign exchange controls in the PRC.

Our PRC subsidiary and affiliates are subject to PRC rules and regulations on currency conversion. In the PRC, the State Administration for Foreign Exchange (“SAFE”) regulates the conversion of the RMB into foreign currencies. Currently, foreign investment enterprises (“FIEs”) are required to apply to SAFE for “Foreign Exchange Registration Certificate for FIEs.” BDL is a FIE. With such registration certifications (which need to be renewed annually), FIEs are allowed to open foreign currency accounts including the “recurrent account” and the “capital account.” Currently, conversion within the scope of the “recurrent account” can be effected without requiring the approval of SAFE. However, conversion of currency in the “capital account” (e.g. for capital items such as direct investments, loans, securities, etc.) still requires the approval of SAFE.

We do not have business interruption, litigation or natural disaster insurance.

The insurance industry in China is still at an early state of development. In particular PRC insurance companies offer limited business products. As a result, we do not have any business liability or disruption insurance coverage for our operations in China. Any business interruption, litigation or natural disaster may result in our business incurring substantial costs and the diversion of resources.

The newly enacted Chinese enterprise income tax law will affect tax exemptions on the dividends we receive and increase the enterprise income tax rate applicable to us.

We are a holding company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands. We conduct substantially all of our business through our wholly owned Chinese subsidiaries and we derive all of our income from these subsidiaries. Prior to January 1, 2008, dividends derived by foreign legal persons from business operations in China were not subject to the Chinese enterprise income tax.

On March 16, 2007, the National People’s Congress of the PRC passed the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law (the “EIT Law”), which took effect on January 1, 2008. Such tax exemptions ceased with the effectiveness of the EIT Law.

Under the EIT Law, if we are not deemed to be a resident enterprise for Chinese tax purposes, a withholding tax at the rate of 10% would be applicable to any dividends paid by our Chinese subsidiaries to us. However, if we are deemed to have a “de facto management organization” in China, we would be classified as a resident enterprise for Chinese tax purposes and thus would be subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 25% on all of our income, including interest income on the proceeds from this offering on a worldwide basis. At the present, the Chinese tax authority has not issued any guidance on the application of the EIT Law and its implementing rules on non-Chinese enterprise or group enterprise controlled entities. As a result, it is unclear what factors will be used by the Chinese tax authorities to determine whether we are a “de facto management organization” in China. However, as substantially all members of our management team are located in China, we may be deemed to be a resident enterprise and therefore subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 25% on our worldwide income, with the possible exclusion of dividends received directly from another Chinese tax resident. As a result of such changes, our historical operating results will not be indicative of our operating results for future periods and the value of our shares may be adversely affected.

We rely on dividends paid by BDL for our cash needs.

We rely primarily on dividends paid by BDL for our cash needs, including the funds necessary to pay dividends and other cash distributions, if any, to our shareholders, to service any debt we may incur and to pay our operating expenses. The payment of dividends by entities organized in China is subject to limitations. Regulations in the PRC currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. Dividend policy is subject to the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on, among other things, our future earnings, financial condition, capital requirements and other factors. Under British Virgin Islands law, we may only pay dividends from surplus (the excess, if any, at the time of the determination of the total assets of our company over the sum of our liabilities, as shown in our books of account, plus our capital), and we must be solvent before and after the dividend payment in the sense that we will be able to satisfy

 

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our liabilities as they become due in the ordinary course of business; and the realizable value of assets of our company will not be less than the sum of our total liabilities, other than deferred taxes as shown on our books of account, and our capital. If we determine to pay dividends on any of our common shares in the future, as a holding company, we will be dependent on receipt of funds from our operating subsidiary, BDL. See “Dividend Policy.”

Pursuant to the new PRC enterprise income tax law effective on January 1, 2008, dividends payable by a foreign investment entity to its foreign investors are subject to a withholding tax of up to 20%. Although the new tax law contemplates the possibility of exemptions from withholding taxes for China-sourced income of foreign investment entities, the PRC tax authorities have not promulgated any related implementation rules and it remains unclear whether we would be able to obtain exemptions from PRC withholding taxes for dividends distributed to us by BDL.

BDL is reported to PRC authorities as a special purpose vehicle for financing. The proceeds of this offering must be sent back to the PRC, and the process for sending such proceeds back to the PRC may take several months after the closing of this offering. We may be unable to use these proceeds to grow our business until we receive such proceeds in the PRC. The payment of dividends by entities organized in China is subject to limitations, procedures and formalities. Regulations in the PRC currently permit payment of dividends only out of accumulated profits as determined in accordance with accounting standards and regulations in China. BDL is also required to set aside at least 10% of its after-tax profit based on PRC accounting standards each year to its compulsory reserves fund until the accumulative amount of such reserves reaches 50% of its registered capital.

The transfer to this reserve must be made before distribution of any dividend to shareholders. The surplus reserve fund is non-distributable other than during liquidation and can be used to fund previous years’ losses, if any, and may be utilized for business expansion or converted into share capital by issuing new shares to existing shareholders in proportion to their shareholding or by increasing the par value of the shares currently held by them, provided that the remaining reserve balance after such issue is not less than 25% of the registered capital. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and the years ended December 31, 2007, respectively, the Company made no appropriations to surplus reserve.

BDL is also required to allocate a portion of its after-tax profits, as determined by its board of directors, to its staff welfare and bonus funds, which may not be distributed to equity owners.

The employee welfare and bonus reserve is determined by the Company’s Board of Directors. The general reserve is used to offset future extraordinary losses. The subsidiaries may, upon a resolution passed by the shareholders, convert the general reserve into capital. The employee welfare and bonus reserve is used for the collective welfare of the employees of the subsidiaries. The enterprise expansion reserve is used for the expansion of the subsidiaries’ operations and can be converted to capital subject to approval by the relevant authorities. These reserves represent appropriations of retained earnings determined according to PRC law.

If for any reason, the dividends from BDL cannot be repatriated to us or not in time, then it may detrimentally affect our cash flow and even cause us to become insolvent.

Governmental control of currency conversion may affect the value of your investment.

The PRC government imposes controls on the convertibility of the Renminbi into foreign currencies and, in certain cases, the remittance of currency out of China. We receive the majority of our revenues in Renminbi. Under our current corporate structure, our income is derived from payments from BDL. Shortages in the availability of foreign currency may restrict the ability of BDL to remit sufficient foreign currency to pay dividends or other payments to us, or otherwise satisfy their foreign currency denominated obligations. Under existing PRC foreign exchange regulations, payments of current account items, including profit distributions, interest payments and expenditures from trade-related transactions, can be made in foreign currencies without prior approval from SAFE by complying with certain procedural requirements. However, approval from appropriate government authorities is required where Renminbi is to be converted into foreign currency and remitted out of China to pay capital expenses such as the

 

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repayment of bank loans denominated in foreign currencies. The PRC government may also at is discretion restrict access in the future to foreign currencies for current account transactions. If the foreign exchange control system prevents us from obtaining sufficient foreign currency to satisfy our currency demands, we may not be able to pay dividends in foreign currencies to our shareholders. See “Our Business – Regulations on Foreign Exchange.”

Fluctuation of the Renminbi could materially affect our financial condition and results of operations.

The value of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar and other currencies may fluctuate and is affected by, among other things, changes in political and economic conditions. On July 21, 2005, the PRC government changed its decade-old policy of pegging the value of the Renminbi to the U.S. dollar. Under the new policy, the Renminbi is permitted to fluctuate within a narrow and managed band against a basket of certain foreign currencies. This change in policy has resulted in an appreciation of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar. While the international reaction to the Renminbi revaluation has generally been positive, there remains significant international pressure on the PRC government to adopt an even more flexible currency policy, which could result in a further and more significant appreciation of the Renminbi against the U.S. dollar. Any significant revaluation of Renminbi may materially and adversely affect our cash flows, revenues, earnings and financial position, and the value of, and any dividends payable on, our common shares in U.S. dollars. For example, an appreciation of Renminbi against the U.S. dollar would make any new Renminbi denominated investments or expenditures more costly to us, to the extent that we need to convert U.S. dollars into Renminbi for such purposes. See “Exchange Rate Information.”

Changes in China’s political and economic policies could harm our business.

China’s economy has historically been a planned economy subject to governmental plans and quotas and has, in certain aspects, been transitioning to a more market-oriented economy. Although we believe that the economic reform and the macroeconomic measures adopted by the Chinese government have had a positive effect on the economic development of China, we cannot predict the future direction of these economic reforms or the effects these measures may have on our business, financial position or results of operations. In addition, the Chinese economy differs from the economies of most countries belonging to the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (“OECD”). These differences include:

 

   

economic structure;

 

   

level of government involvement in the economy;

 

   

level of development;

 

   

level of capital reinvestment;

 

   

control of foreign exchange;

 

   

methods of allocating resources; and

 

   

balance of payments position.

As a result of these differences, our business may not develop in the same way or at the same rate as might be expected if the Chinese economy were similar to those of the OECD member countries. See “Our Business – Market Background.”

Since 1979, the Chinese government has promulgated many new laws and regulations covering general economic matters. Despite these efforts to develop a legal system, China’s system of laws is not yet complete. Even where adequate law exists in China, enforcement of existing laws or contracts based on existing law may be uncertain or sporadic, and it may be difficult to obtain swift and equitable enforcement or to obtain enforcement of a judgment by a court of another jurisdiction. The relative inexperience of China’s judiciary, in many cases, creates additional uncertainty as to the outcome of any litigation. In addition, interpretation of statutes and regulations may be subject to government policies reflecting domestic political changes. Our activities in China will also be subject to administration review and approval by various national and local agencies of China’s government. Because of the changes occurring in China’s legal and regulatory structure, we may not be able to secure the requisite governmental approval for our activities. Although we have obtained all required governmental approval to operate our business as currently conducted, to the extent we are unable to obtain or maintain required governmental approvals, the Chinese government may, in its sole discretion, prohibit us from conducting our business. See “Our Business – Market Background.”

 

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If relations between the United States and China worsen, our share price may decrease and we may have difficulty accessing U.S. capital markets.

At various times during recent years, the United States and China have had disagreements over political and economic issues. Controversies may arise in the future between these two countries. Any political or trade controversies between the United States and China could adversely affect the market price of our common shares and our ability to access U.S. capital markets.

The Chinese government could change its policies toward private enterprise or even nationalize or expropriate private enterprises, which could result in the total loss of our investment in that country.

Our business is subject to significant political and economic uncertainties and may be adversely affected by political, economic and social developments in China. Over the past several years, the Chinese government has pursued economic reform policies including the encouragement of private economic activity and greater economic decentralization. The Chinese government may not continue to pursue these policies or may significantly alter them to our detriment from time to time with little, if any, prior notice.

Changes in policies, laws and regulations or in their interpretation or the imposition of confiscatory taxation, restrictions on currency conversion, restrictions or prohibitions on dividend payments to shareholders, devaluations of currency or the nationalization or other expropriation of private enterprises could have a material adverse effect on our business. Nationalization or expropriation could even result in the total loss of our investment in China and in the total loss of your investment in us.

The PRC legal system embodies uncertainties that could limit the legal protections available to you and us.

The PRC legal system is a civil law system based on written statutes. Unlike common law systems, it is a system in which decided legal cases have limited precedential value. In 1979, the PRC government began to promulgate a comprehensive system of laws and regulations governing economic matters in general. The overall effect of legislation over the past three decades has significantly increased the protections afforded to various forms of foreign investment in China. Our PRC operating subsidiary, BDL, is a foreign-invested enterprise and is subject to laws and regulations applicable to foreign investment in China as well as laws and regulations applicable to foreign-invested enterprises. These laws and regulations change frequently, and their interpretation and enforcement involve uncertainties. For example, we may have to resort to administrative and court proceedings to enforce the legal protections that we enjoy either by law or contract. However, since PRC administrative and court authorities have significant discretion in interpreting and implementing statutory and contractual terms, it may be more difficult to evaluate the outcome of administrative and court proceedings and the level of legal protection we enjoy than in more developed legal systems. These uncertainties may also impede our ability to enforce the contracts we have entered into. As a result, these uncertainties could materially and adversely affect our business and operations.

Recent PRC regulations relating to offshore investment activities by PRC residents may increase the administrative burden we face and create regulatory uncertainties that could restrict our overseas and cross-border investment activity, and a failure by our shareholders who are PRC residents to make any required applications and filings pursuant to such regulations may prevent us from being able to distribute profits and could expose us and our PRC resident shareholders to liability under PRC law.

In October 2005, SAFE promulgated regulations that require PRC residents and PRC corporate entities to register with and obtain approvals from relevant PRC government authorities in connection with their direct or indirect offshore investment activities. These regulations apply to our shareholders who are PRC residents in connection with our prior and any future offshore acquisitions.

 

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The October 2005 SAFE regulation required registration by March 31, 2006 of direct or indirect investments previously made by PRC residents in offshore companies prior to the implementation of the Notice on Issues Relating to the Administration of Foreign Exchange in Fund-Raising and Reverse Investment Activities of Domestic Residents Conducted via Offshore Special Purpose Companies on November 1, 2005. If a PRC shareholder with a direct or indirect stake in an offshore parent company fails to make the required SAFE registration, the PRC subsidiaries of such offshore parent company may be prohibited from making distributions of profit to the offshore parent and from paying the offshore parent proceeds from any reduction in capital, share transfer or liquidation in respect of the PRC subsidiaries. Furthermore, failure to comply with the various SAFE registration requirements described above could result in liability under PRC law for foreign exchange evasion.

We previously notified and urged our shareholders, and the shareholders of the offshore entities in our corporate group, who are PRC residents to make the necessary applications and filings, as required under this regulation. However, as these regulations are relatively new and there is uncertainty concerning their reconciliation with other approval requirements, it is unclear how they, and any future legislation concerning offshore or cross-border transactions, will be interpreted, amended and implemented by the relevant government authorities. While we believe that these shareholders submitted applications with local SAFE offices, some of our shareholders may not comply with our request to make or obtain any applicable registrations or approvals required by the regulation or other related legislation. The failure or inability of our PRC resident shareholders to obtain any required approvals or make any required registrations may subject us to fines and legal sanctions, prevent us from being able to make distributions or pay dividends, as a result of which our business operations and our ability to distribute profits to you could be materially and adversely affected.

Because our operations are located in China, information about our operations are not readily available from independent third-party sources.

Because the BDL is based in China, our shareholders may have greater difficulty in obtaining information about it on a timely basis than would shareholders of a U.S.-based company. BDL’s operations will continue to be conducted in China and shareholders may have difficulty in obtaining information about it from sources other than BDL itself. Information available from newspapers, trade journals, or local, regional or national regulatory agencies such as issuance of construction permits and contract awards for development projects will not be readily available to shareholders and, where available, will likely be available only in Chinese. Shareholders will be dependent upon management for reports of their progress, development, activities and expenditure of proceeds.

Risks Associated with this Offering

There may not be an active, liquid trading market for our common shares.

Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our common shares. An active trading market for our common shares may not develop or be sustained following this offering. You may not be able to sell your shares at the market price, if at all, if trading in our shares is not active. The initial public offering price was determined by negotiations between us and the placement agent based upon a number of factors. The initial public offering price may not be indicative of prices that will prevail in the trading market.

Investors risk loss of use of funds subscribed, with no right of return, during the offering period.

We cannot assure you that all or any shares will be sold. Anderson & Strudwick, our placement agent, is offering our shares on a “best efforts, minimum-maximum basis.” We have no firm commitment from anyone, including our affiliates, to purchase all or any of the shares offered. If subscriptions for a minimum of 1,250,000 shares are not received on or before May 31, 2010, escrow provisions require that all funds received be promptly refunded. If refunded, investors will receive no interest on their funds. During the offering period, investors will not have any use or right to return of the funds. Our officers and directors may, but have made no commitment, nor indicated they intend to, purchase shares in the

 

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offering. We have not placed a limit on the number of shares such officers or directors may purchase in this offering. Any purchases by such directors will be made for investment purposes only and not for resale, but may be made in order to reach the minimum offering amount.

The market price for our common shares may be volatile, which could result in substantial losses to investors.

The market price for our common shares is likely to be volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in response to factors including the following:

 

   

actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly operating results;

 

   

changes in the Chinese economy;

 

   

announcements by our competitors of significant acquisitions, strategic partnerships, joint ventures or capital commitments;

 

   

additions or departures of key personnel; or

 

   

potential litigation.

In addition, the securities markets have from time to time experienced significant price and volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular companies. As a result, to the extent shareholders sell our shares in negative market fluctuation, they may not receive a price per share that is based solely upon our business performance. We cannot guarantee that shareholders will not lose some of their entire investment in our common shares.

If our financial condition deteriorates, we may be delisted by the NASDAQ Capital Market and our shareholders could find it difficult to sell our shares.

Upon completion of this offering, we expect our common shares to trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market. We have not yet been informed that our common shares will trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market and can provide no assurance that our NASDAQ Capital Market listing application will be approved. In order to qualify for initial listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market upon the completion of this offering, we must meet the following criteria:

 

   

(i) We must have been in operation for at least two years, must have shareholder equity of at least $5,000,000 and must have a market value for our publicly held securities of at least $15,000,000; or (ii) we must have shareholder equity of at least $4,000,000, must have a market value for our publicly held securities of at least $15,000,000 and must have a market value of our listed securities of at least $50,000,000; OR (iii) we must have net income from continuing operations in our last fiscal year (or two of the last three fiscal years) of at least $750,000, must have shareholder equity of at least $4,000,000 and must have a market value for our publicly held securities of at least $5,000,000; and

 

   

The market value of our shares held by non-affiliates must be at least $1,000,000;

 

   

The market value of our shares must be at least $5,000,000;

 

   

The minimum bid price for our shares must be at least $4.00 per share;

 

   

We must have at least 300 round-lot shareholders;

 

   

We must have at least 3 market makers; and

 

   

We must have adopted NASDAQ-mandated corporate governance measures, including a Board of Directors comprised of a majority of independent directors, an Audit Committee comprised solely of independent directors and the adoption of a code of ethics among other items.

The NASDAQ Capital Market also requires companies to fulfill specific requirements in order for their shares to continue to be listed. In order to qualify for continued listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market, we must meet the following criteria:

 

   

Our shareholders’ equity must be at least $2,500,000; or the market value of our listed securities must be at least $35,000,000; or our net income from continuing operations in our last fiscal year (or two of the last three fiscal years) must have been at least $500,000;

 

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The market value of our shares held by non-affiliates must be at least $500,000;

 

   

The market value of our shares must be at least $1,000,000;

 

   

The minimum bid price for our shares must be at least $1.00 per share;

 

   

We must have at least 300 shareholders;

 

   

We must have at least 2 market makers; and

 

   

We must have adopted NASDAQ-mandated corporate governance measures, including a Board of Directors comprised of a majority of independent directors, an Audit Committee comprised solely of independent directors and the adoption of a code of ethics among other items.

Although we believe that our common shares will trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market upon closing of this offering, investors should be aware that they will be required to commit their investment funds prior to the approval or disapproval of our listing application by the NASDAQ Capital Market. We will not close this offering unless our listing application is approved. If our shares are delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at some later date, our shareholders could find it difficult to sell our shares.

In addition, we have relied on an exemption to the blue sky registration requirements afforded to “covered securities”. Securities listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market are “covered securities.” If we were unable to meet the NASDAQ Capital Market’s listing standards, then we would be unable to rely on the covered securities exemption to blue sky registration requirements and we would need to register the offering in each state in which we planned to sell shares. Consequently, we will not complete this offering unless we meet the NASDAQ Capital Market’s listing requirements.

In addition, if our common shares are delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at some later date, we may apply to have our common shares quoted on the Bulletin Board or in the “pink sheets” maintained by the National Quotation Bureau, Inc. The Bulletin Board and the “pink sheets” are generally considered to be less efficient markets than the NASDAQ Capital Market. In addition, if our common shares are not so listed or is delisted at some later date, our common shares may be subject to the “penny stock” regulations. These rules impose additional sales practice requirements on broker-dealers that sell low-priced securities to persons other than established customers and institutional accredited investors and require the delivery of a disclosure schedule explaining the nature and risks of the penny stock market. As a result, the ability or willingness of broker-dealers to sell or make a market in our common shares might decline. If our common shares are not so listed or are delisted from the NASDAQ Capital Market at some later date or were to become subject to the penny stock regulations, it is likely that the price of our shares would decline and that our shareholders would find it difficult to sell their shares.

We will incur increased costs as a result of being a public company.

As a public company, we will incur significant legal, accounting and other expenses that we did not incur as a private company. In addition, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, as well as new rules subsequently implemented by the SEC and NASDAQ, have required changes in corporate governance practices of public companies. We expect these new rules and regulations to significantly increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs and to make certain corporate activities more time-consuming and costly. In addition, we will incur additional costs associated with our public company reporting requirements.

Our classified board structure may prevent a change in our control.

Our board of directors is divided into three classes of directors. The current terms of the directors expire in 2010, 2011 and 2012. Directors of each class are chosen for three-year terms upon the expiration of their current terms, and each year one class of directors is elected by the shareholders. The staggered terms of our directors may reduce the possibility of a tender offer or an attempt at a change in control, even though a tender offer or change in control might be in the best interest of our shareholders. See “Management – Board of Directors and Board Committees.”

 

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Shares eligible for future sale may adversely affect the market price of our common shares, as the future sale of a substantial amount of outstanding common shares in the public marketplace could reduce the price of our common shares.

The market price of our shares could decline as a result of sales of substantial amounts of our shares in the public market, or the perception that these sales could occur. In addition, these factors could make it more difficult for us to raise funds through future offerings of our common shares. An aggregate of 3,000,000 shares will be outstanding before the consummation of this offering and 4,500,000 shares will be outstanding immediately after this offering, if the maximum offering is raised. All of the shares sold in the offering will be freely transferable without restriction or further registration under the Securities Act, except for any shares purchased by our “affiliates,” as defined in Rule 144 of the Securities Act. The remaining shares will be “restricted securities” as defined in Rule 144. These shares may be sold in the future without registration under the Securities Act to the extent permitted by Rule 144 or other exemptions under the Securities Act. See “Shares Eligible for Future Sale.”

You will experience immediate and substantial dilution.

The initial public offering price of our shares is expected to be substantially higher than the pro forma net tangible book value per share of our common shares. Therefore, assuming the completion of the maximum offering, if you purchase shares in this offering, you will incur immediate dilution of approximately $3.46 or approximately 43.25% in the pro forma net tangible book value per share from the price per share that you pay for the common shares. Assuming the completion of the minimum offering, if you purchase shares in this offering, you will incur immediate dilution of approximately $3.62 or approximately 45.25% in the pro forma net tangible book value per share from the price per share that you pay for the shares. Accordingly, if you purchase shares in this offering, you will incur immediate and substantial dilution of your investment. See “Dilution.”

We have not determined a specific use for a significant portion of the proceeds from this offering, and we may use the proceeds in ways with which you may not agree.

Our management and board of directors will have considerable discretion in the application of the net proceeds received by us. You will not have the opportunity, as part of your investment decision, to assess whether the proceeds are being used appropriately. You must rely on the judgment of our management regarding the application of the net proceeds of this offering. The net proceeds may be used for corporate purposes that do not improve our efforts to achieve profitability or increase our share price. The net proceeds from this offering may be placed in investments that do not produce income or that lose value. See “Use of Proceeds.”

Entities controlled by our employees, officers, management and/or directors will control a majority of our common shares, decreasing your influence on shareholder decisions.

Assuming the sale of the maximum offering, entities controlled by our employees, officers, management and/or directors will, in the aggregate, beneficially own approximately 39.07% of our outstanding shares. Assuming the sale of the minimum offering, entities controlled by our employees, officers, management and/or directors will, in the aggregate, beneficially own approximately 41.37% of our outstanding common shares. (Both numbers assume no redemption of shares under the Make-Good Share Escrow described under the sections entitled “Related Party Transactions – Make-Good Shares Subject to Redemption” and “Placement – Market and Pricing Considerations.”) As a result, our employees, officers and directors will possess substantial ability to impact our management and affairs and the outcome of matters submitted to shareholders for approval. These shareholders, acting individually or as a group, could exert control and substantial influence over matters such as electing directors and approving mergers or other business combination transactions. This concentration of ownership and voting power may also discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company, which could deprive our shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their shares as part of a sale of our company and might reduce the price of our common shares. These actions may be taken even if they are opposed by our other shareholders, including those who purchase shares in this offering. See “Principal Shareholders.”

 

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We will have an ongoing relationship with our placement agent that may impact our ability to obtain additional capital.

In connection with this offering, we will, for a nominal amount, sell our placement agent warrants to purchase up to ten percent of the shares sold in the offering. These warrants are exercisable for a period of five years from the date of issuance at a price equal to 120% of the price of the shares in this offering. During the term of the warrants, the holders thereof will be given the opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of our common shares, with a resulting dilution in the interest of our other shareholders. The term on which we could obtain additional capital during the life of these warrants may be adversely affected because the holders of these warrants might be expected to exercise them when we are able to obtain any needed additional capital in a new offering of securities at a price greater than the exercise price of the warrants. See “Placement.”

We will have an ongoing relationship with our placement agent that may impact our shareholders’ ability to impact decisions related to our operations.

In connection with this offering, we have agreed to allow our placement agent to designate two (2) non-voting observers to our Board of Directors until the earlier of the date that:

 

  (i) the investors that purchase shares in this offering beneficially own less than ten percent (10%) of our outstanding shares; or

 

  (ii) the trading price per share is at least three (3) times the offering price for any consecutive 15 trading day period.

Although our placement agent’s observers will not be able to vote, they may nevertheless be in position to influence the outcome of matters submitted to the Board of Directors for approval by virtue of their presence at such meetings and availability to provide opinions to the Board. We have agreed to reimburse the observers for their expenses for attending our Board meetings, subject to a maximum reimbursement of $6,000 per meeting and $12,000 annually per observer, such amount being not more than the reimbursement to be received by any of our directors. We will also pay our observers the same amount of compensation as our independent directors receive. As of the date of this prospectus, Mr. L. McCarthy Downs III and Mr. Ming Zhu are serving as our placement agent’s observers to our Board of Directors. See “Management – Board of Directors Observers.”

As the rights of shareholders under British Virgin Islands law differ from those under U.S. law, you may have fewer protections as a shareholder.

Our corporate affairs will be governed by our fourth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, the British Virgin Islands Business Companies Act, 2004 (the “BVI Act”), and the common law of the British Virgin Islands. The rights of shareholders to take legal action against our directors, actions by minority shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under British Virgin Islands law are to a large extent governed by the common law of the British Virgin Islands and by the BVI Act. The common law of the British Virgin Islands is derived in part from comparatively limited judicial precedent in the British Virgin Islands as well as from English common law, which has persuasive, but not binding, authority on a court in the British Virgin Islands. The rights of our shareholders and the fiduciary responsibilities of our directors under British Virgin Islands law are not as clearly established as they would be under statutes or judicial precedents in some jurisdictions in the United States. In particular, the British Virgin Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States, and some states (such as Delaware) have more fully developed and judicially interpreted bodies of corporate law.

As a result of all of the above, holders of our shares may have more difficulty in protecting their interests through actions against our management, directors or major shareholders than they would as shareholders of a U.S. company. For a discussion of significant differences between the provisions of the BVI Act and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders, see “Description of Share Capital—Differences in Corporate Law.”

 

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British Virgin Islands companies may not be able to initiate shareholder derivative actions, thereby depriving shareholders of the ability to protect their interests.

British Virgin Islands companies may not have standing to initiate a shareholder derivative action in a federal court of the United States. The circumstances in which any such action may be brought, and the procedures and defenses that may be available in respect to any such action, may result in the rights of shareholders of a British Virgin Islands company being more limited than those of shareholders of a company organized in the United States. Accordingly, shareholders may have fewer alternatives available to them if they believe that corporate wrongdoing has occurred. The British Virgin Islands courts are also unlikely to recognize or enforce against us judgments of courts in the United States based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities law; and to impose liabilities against us, in original actions brought in the British Virgin Islands, based on certain liability provisions of U.S. securities laws that are penal in nature. There is no statutory recognition in the British Virgin Islands of judgments obtained in the United States, although the courts of the British Virgin Islands will generally recognize and enforce the non-penal judgment of a foreign court of competent jurisdiction without retrial on the merits. This means that even if shareholders were to sue us successfully, they may not be able to recover anything to make up for the losses suffered.

The laws of the British Virgin Islands provide little protection for minority shareholders, so minority shareholders will have little or no recourse if the shareholders are dissatisfied with the conduct of our affairs.

Under the law of the British Virgin Islands, there is little statutory law for the protection of minority shareholders other than the provisions of the BVI Act dealing with shareholder remedies. The principal protection under statutory law is that shareholders may bring an action to enforce the constituent documents of the corporation, our fourth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. Shareholders are entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted in accordance with the general law and the articles and memorandum.

There are common law rights for the protection of shareholders that may be invoked, largely dependent on English company law, since the common law of the British Virgin Islands for business companies is limited. Under the general rule pursuant to English company law known as the rule in Foss v. Harbottle, a court will generally refuse to interfere with the management of a company at the insistence of a minority of its shareholders who express dissatisfaction with the conduct of the company’s affairs by the majority or the board of directors. However, every shareholder is entitled to have the affairs of the company conducted properly according to law and the constituent documents of the corporation. As such, if those who control the company have persistently disregarded the requirements of company law or the provisions of the company’s memorandum and articles of association, then the courts will grant relief. Generally, the areas in which the courts will intervene are the following: (1) an act complained of which is outside the scope of the authorized business or is illegal or not capable of ratification by the majority; (2) acts that constitute fraud on the minority where the wrongdoers control the company; (3) acts that infringe on the personal rights of the shareholders, such as the right to vote; and (4) where the company has not complied with provisions requiring approval of a special or extraordinary majority of shareholders, which are more limited than the rights afforded minority shareholders under the laws of many states in the United States.

 

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FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

We have made statements in this prospectus, including under “Prospectus Summary,” “Risk Factors,” “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” “Our Business” and elsewhere that constitute forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties, such as statements about our plans, objectives, expectations, assumptions or future events. In some cases, you can identify forward-looking statements by terminology such as “anticipate,” “estimate,” “plan,” “project,” “continuing,” “ongoing,” “expect,” “we believe,” “we intend,” “may,” “should,” “could” and similar expressions. These statements involve estimates, assumptions, known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from any future results, performances or achievements expressed or implied by the forward-looking statements.

Examples of forward-looking statements include:

 

   

the timing of the development of future products;

 

   

projections of revenue, earnings, capital structure and other financial items;

 

   

statements of our plans and objectives;

 

   

statements regarding the capabilities of our business operations;

 

   

statements of expected future economic performance

 

   

statements regarding competition in our market; and

 

   

assumptions underlying statements regarding us or our business.

The ultimate correctness of these forward-looking statements depends upon a number of known and unknown risks and events. We discuss many of these risks under the heading “Risk Factors” above. Many factors could cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements. Consequently, you should not place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.

The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date on which they are made, and, except as required by law, we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which the statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events. In addition, we cannot assess the impact of each factor on our business or the extent to which any factor, or combination of factors, may cause actual results to differ materially from those contained in any forward-looking statements.

 

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OUR CORPORATE STRUCTURE

Corporate History

We were incorporated as an international business company under the International Business Companies Act, 1984, in the British Virgin Islands on July 22, 2003 under the name “De-Haier Medical Systems Limited.” We changed our name to “Dehaier Medical Systems Limited” on June 3, 2005. On September 24, 2003, we established BDL. On October 15, 2003, we founded DHK and created a holding company structure by which we are the parent company of BDL and DHK. BDL has been focused on the development and distribution of medical devices since its inception and began developing its respiratory and oxygen homecare business in 2006.

LOGO

In the opinion of our PRC legal counsel, (i) our ownership structure complies with, and immediately after this offering will comply with, current PRC laws and regulations and the business and (ii) the operations of BDL comply with current PRC laws and regulations.

 

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USE OF PROCEEDS

After deducting the estimated placement discount and offering expenses payable by us, we expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $8,700,000 from this offering if the minimum offering is sold and approximately $10,540,000 if the maximum offering is sold.

We intend to use the net proceeds of this offering as follows, and we have ordered the specific uses of proceeds in order of priority. We do not expect that our priorities for fund allocation would change if the amount we raise in this offering exceeds the size of the minimum offering but is less than the maximum offering.

 

Description of Use

   Percentage of
Net Proceeds
 

Product Research and Development

   25

Marketing

   30

Potential Acquisitions

   20

Working Capital

   25

Total

   100

In the event we do not locate any appropriate targets for acquisitions or are not able to negotiate such acquisitions on terms that are acceptable to us, we reserve the right to allocate such funds to our working capital purposes.

We will use a portion of our working capital to retain a consulting firm during our transition to operating as a public company and an investor relations firm. Pending use of the net proceeds, we intend to invest our net proceeds in short-term, interest bearing, investment-grade obligations. These investments may have a material adverse effect on the U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our common shares. It is possible that we may become a passive foreign investment company for U.S. federal income taxpayers, which could result in negative tax consequences to you. These consequences are described in more detail in “Taxation.”

DIVIDEND POLICY

We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common shares. We anticipate that we will retain any earnings to support operations and to finance the growth and development of our business. Therefore, we do not expect to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future. Any future determination relating to our dividend policy will be made at the discretion of our Board of Directors and will depend on a number of factors, including future earnings, capital requirements, financial conditions and future prospects and other factors the Board of Directors may deem relevant.

Under British Virgin Islands law, we may only pay dividends from surplus (the excess, if any, at the time of the determination of the total assets of our company over the sum of our liabilities, as shown in our books of account, plus our capital), and we must be solvent before and after the dividend payment in the sense that we will be able to satisfy our liabilities as they become due in the ordinary course of business; and the realizable value of assets of our company will not be less than the sum of our total liabilities, other than deferred taxes as shown on our books of account, and our capital.

If we determine to pay dividends on any of our common shares in the future, as a holding company, we will be dependent on receipt of funds from BDL. Payments of dividends by BDL to our company are subject to restrictions including primarily the restriction that foreign invested enterprises may only buy, sell and/or remit foreign currencies at those banks authorized to conduct foreign exchange business after providing valid commercial documents. There are no such similar foreign exchange restrictions in the British Virgin Islands.

 

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CAPITALIZATION

The following table sets forth our capitalization as of September 30, 2009 on a pro forma as adjusted basis giving effect to the sale of the minimum and maximum offering at an assumed public offering price of $8.00 per share and to reflect the application of the proceeds after deducting the estimated placement fees. You should read this table in conjunction with our financial statements and related notes appearing elsewhere in this prospectus and “Use of Proceeds” and “Description of Share Capital.”

Minimum Offering (1,250,000 Common shares)

U.S. Dollars

(unaudited)

September 30, 2009

 

     As Reported (1)    Pro Forma
Adjusted for IPO (2)

Common shares

     

Shares

     1,891,930      4,250,000

Amount

   $ 5,167    $ 11,607

Additional Paid-In Capital (3)

   $ 3,196,974    $ 11,893,560

Retained Earnings

   $ 2,624,771    $ 2,624,771

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

   $ 778,766    $ 778,766

Total

   $ 6,605,678    $ 15,308,704

Maximum Offering (1,500,000 Common shares)

U.S. Dollars

(unaudited)

September 30, 2009

 

     As Reported (1)    Pro Forma
Adjusted for IPO (2)

Common shares

     

Shares

     1,891,930      4,500,000

Amount

   $ 5,167    $ 12,290

Additional Paid-In Capital (3)

   $ 3,196,974    $ 13,732,877

Retained Earnings

   $ 2,624,771    $ 2,624,771

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income

   $ 778,766    $ 778,766

Total

   $ 6,605,678    $ 17,148,704

 

(1)

This column gives effect to the 3.66140766-for-1 share split of our common shares that was completed as of October 31, 2009 but does not give effect to the conversion of outstanding preferred shares on such date as reported.

(2)

Gives effect (i) to the conversion of outstanding preferred shares into common shares and simultaneous 3.66140766-for-1 share split of our common shares that was completed as of October 31, 2009, and (ii) to the sale of the minimum offering and the maximum offering, as applicable, at an assumed public offering price of $8.00 per share and to reflect the application of the proceeds after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and our estimated offering expenses.

(3)

Pro forma adjusted for IPO additional paid in capital reflects the net proceeds we expect to receive, after deducting a 7% underwriting discount, 1% non-accountable expense allowance and approximately $500,000 in expenses. In a maximum offering, we expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $10,540,000 ($12,000,000 offering, less underwriting discount of $840,000, non-accountable expense allowance of $120,000 and offering expenses of $500,000). In a minimum offering, we expect to receive net proceeds of approximately $8,700,000 ($10,000,000 offering, less underwriting discount of $700,000, non-accountable expense allowance of $100,000 and offering expenses of $500,000).

 

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EXCHANGE RATE INFORMATION

Our business is primarily conducted in China, and the financial records of our PRC subsidiary and BTL are maintained in RMB, their functional currency. However, we use the U.S. dollar as our reporting and functional currency; therefore, periodic reports made to shareholders will include current period amounts translated into U.S. dollars using the then-current exchange rates, for the convenience of the readers. Our financial statements have been translated into U.S. dollars in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 830-10, “Foreign Currency Matters.” We have translated our asset and liability accounts using the exchange rate in effect at the balance sheet date. We translated our statements of operations using the average exchange rate for the period. We reported the resulting translation adjustments under other comprehensive income. Unless otherwise noted, we have translated balance sheet amounts with the exception of equity at December 31, 2008 at ¥6.8225 to $1.00 as compared to ¥7.2946 to $1.00 at December 31, 2007. The average translation rates applied to income statement accounts for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the year ended December 31, 2007 were ¥6.9483 and ¥7.6040, respectively.

We make no representation that any RMB or U.S. dollar amounts could have been, or could be, converted into U.S. dollars or RMB, as the case may be, at any particular rate, or at all. The PRC government imposes control over its foreign currency reserves in part through direct regulation of the conversion of RMB into foreign exchange and through restrictions on foreign trade. On November 6, 2009, the noon buying rate was ¥6.8266 to $1.00. The Company does not currently engage in currency hedging transactions.

The following table sets forth information concerning exchange rates between the RMB and the U.S. dollar for the periods indicated.

 

     Noon Buying Rate

Period

   Period-End    Average (1)    Low    High
     (RMB per U.S. Dollar)

2004

   8.2765    8.2768    8.2764    8.2774

2005

   8.0702    8.1940    8.0702    8.2765

2006

   7.8041    7.9723    7.8041    8.0702

2007

   7.2946    7.6040    7.2946    7.8127

2008

   6.8225    6.9483    6.7800    7.2946

2009

           

January

   6.8392    6.8360    6.8225    6.8403

February

   6.8395    6.8363    6.8241    6.8470

March

   6.8329    6.8360    6.8240    6.8438

April

   6.8180    6.8305    6.8180    6.8361

May

   6.8278    6.8235    6.8176    6.8326

June

   6.8302    6.8334    6.8264    6.8371

July

   6.8319    6.8317    6.8300    6.8342

August

   6.8299    6.8323    6.8299    6.8358

September

   6.8262    6.8277    6.8247    6.8303

October

   6.8264    6.8267    6.8248    6.8292

November (through November 6, 2009)

   6.8266    6.8269    6.8265    6.8278

 

(1)

Averages are calculated using the daily rates during the relevant period.

 

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DILUTION

If you invest in our common shares, your interest will be diluted to the extent of the difference between the initial public offering price per common share and the pro forma net tangible book value per common share after the offering. Dilution results from the fact that the per common share offering price is substantially in excess of the book value per common share attributable to the existing shareholders for our presently outstanding common shares. Our unaudited net tangible book value attributable to shareholders at September 30, 2009 was $9,910,207 or approximately $3.30 per common share. Unaudited net tangible book value per common share as of September 30, 2009 represents the amount of total assets less intangible assets and total liabilities, divided by the number of common shares outstanding.

If the minimum offering is sold, we will have 4,250,000 common shares outstanding upon completion of the offering. Our post offering pro forma net tangible book value, which gives effect to receipt of the net proceeds from the offering and issuance of additional shares in the offering, but does not take into consideration any other changes in our net tangible book value after September 30, 2009, will be approximately $18,610,207 or $4.38 per common share. This would result in dilution to investors in this offering of approximately $3.62 per common share or approximately 45.25% from the assumed offering price of $8.00 per common share. Net tangible book value per common share would increase to the benefit of present shareholders by $1.08 per share attributable to the purchase of the common shares by investors in this offering.

If the maximum offering is sold, we will have 4,500,000 common shares outstanding upon completion of the offering. Our post offering pro forma net tangible book value, which gives effect to receipt of the net proceeds from the offering and issuance of additional shares in the offering, but does not take into consideration any other changes in our net tangible book value after September 30, 2009, will be approximately $20,450,207 or $4.54 per common share. This would result in dilution to investors in this offering of approximately $3.46 per common share or approximately 43.25% from the assumed offering price of $8.00 per common share. Net tangible book value per common share would increase to the benefit of present shareholders by $1.24 per share attributable to the purchase of the common shares by investors in this offering.

The following table sets forth the estimated net tangible book value per common share after the offering and the dilution to persons purchasing common shares based on the foregoing minimum and maximum offering assumptions.

 

     Minimum
Offering (1)
   Maximum
Offering (2)

Assumed offering price per common share

   $ 8.00    $ 8.00

Net tangible book value per common share before the offering (unaudited)

   $ 3.30    $ 3.30

Increase per common share attributable to payments by new investors

   $ 1.08    $ 1.24

Pro forma net tangible book value per common share after the offering

   $ 4.38    $ 4.54

Dilution per common share to new investors

   $ 3.62    $ 3.46

 

(1)

Assumes gross proceeds from offering of 1,250,000 common shares.

(2)

Assumes gross proceeds from offering of 1,500,000 common shares.

 

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POST-OFFERING OWNERSHIP

The following charts illustrate our pro forma proportionate ownership, upon completion of the offering under alternative minimum and maximum offering assumptions, by present shareholders and investors in this offering, compared to the relative amounts paid by each. The charts reflect payment by present shareholders as of the date the consideration was received and by investors in this offering at the assumed offering price without deduction of commissions or expenses. The charts further assume no changes in net tangible book value other than those resulting from the offering and provide alternative scenarios depending on whether the Make-Good Shares are redeemed. See “Risk Factors – A redemption of Make-Good Shares may be insufficient to cause our company to achieve projected earnings and may reduce our management’s involvement and stake in our company,” “Related Party Transactions – Make-Good Shares Subject to Redemption” and “Placement – Market and Pricing Considerations.”

Scenario 1: Pro forma presentation assuming no redemption of any Make-Good Shares

 

     Shares Purchased     Total Consideration     Average Price Per
     Amount    Percent     Amount    Percent     Share

MINIMUM OFFERING

            

Existing shareholders

   3,000,000    70.6 %   $ 9,910,207    49.8 %   $ 3.30

New investors

   1,250,000    29.4 %   $ 10,000,000    50.2 %   $ 8.00

Total

   4,250,000    100.0  %   $ 19,910,207    100.0  %   $ 4.68
     Shares Purchased     Total Consideration     Average Price Per
     Amount    Percent     Amount    Percent     Share

MAXIMUM OFFERING

            

Existing shareholders

   3,000,000    66.7 %   $ 9,910,207    45.2   $ 3.30

New investors

   1,500,000    33.3 %   $ 12,000,000    54.8   $ 8.00

Total

   4,500,000    100.0  %   $ 21,910,207    100.0   $ 4.87

Scenario 2: Pro forma presentation assuming redemption of all Make-Good Shares

 

     Shares Purchased     Total Consideration     Average Price Per
     Amount    Percent     Amount    Percent     Share

MINIMUM OFFERING

            

Existing shareholders

   2,400,000    65.8 %   $ 9,910,207    49.8 %   $ 4.13

New investors

   1,250,000    34.2 %   $ 10,000,000    50.2 %   $ 8.00

Total

   3,650,000    100.0  %   $ 19,910,207    100.0  %   $ 5.45
     Shares Purchased     Total Consideration     Average Price Per
     Amount    Percent     Amount    Percent     Share

MAXIMUM OFFERING

            

Existing shareholders

   2,400,000    61.5 %   $ 9,910,207    45.2   $ 4.13

New investors

   1,500,000    38.5 %   $ 12,000,000    54.8   $ 8.00

Total

   3,900,000    100.0  %   $ 21,910,207    100.0   $ 5.62

 

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SELECTED HISTORICAL CONDENSED

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL AND OPERATING DATA

You should read the following selected financial data in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. The selected statements of operations data are for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007. The selected balance sheet data set forth below is as of December 31, 2008 and 2007. This selected financial data is derived from our consolidated financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and notes thereto which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.

 

     For the nine
months ended
September 30, 2009
    For the fiscal
year ended

December 31,
 
       2008     2007  
     (Unaudited)              

Revenue

   $ 9,422,460      $ 9,414,430      $ 6,599,512   

Operating income

     2,401,854        1,183,039        681,436   

Net income

     2,110,278        980,351        848,421   

Non-controlling interest in income

     (38,502     (62,331     (53,214

Net income attributable to Dehaier

     2,071,776        918,020        795,207   

Basic earnings per share (based on 1,891,930 shares outstanding on each of September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007) (1)

     1.10        0.48        0.42   

Diluted earnings per share (based on 3,000,000, 3,000,000 and 2,451,624 shares outstanding on September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively) (1)

     0.69        0.31        0.32   

Pro forma basic earnings per share (based on 1,291,930 shares outstanding on each of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008) (2)

     1.60        0.71        N/A   

Pro forma diluted earnings per share (based on 2,400,000 shares outstanding on each of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively) (2)

     0.86        0.38        N/A   
     September 30, 2009     December 31,  
       2008     2007  
     (Unaudited)              

Total assets

   $ 16,485,711      $ 13,046,400      $ 9,928,863   

Total current liabilities

     6,566,373        5,232,464        3,550,505   

Total Dehaier shareholders’ equity

     8,676,245        6,608,704        5,310,499   

Non-controlling interest

     1,243,093        1,205,232        1,067,859   

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

     16,485,711        13,046,400        9,928,863   

 

(1)

We have presented these basic and diluted earnings per share in Dehaier after giving retroactive effect to the 3.66140766-for-1 share split of common shares completed as of October 31, 2009.

(2)

We have presented these pro forma earnings per share after (a) giving retroactive effect to the 3.66140766-for-1 share split of our common shares completed as of October 31, 2009 and (b) assuming the redemption of all shares placed into escrow as described in the section entitled “Related Party Transactions – Make-Good Shares Subject to Redemption.” The number of escrowed shares is based on 600,000 common shares (40% of an assumed maximum of 1,500,000 common shares). Pro forma basic EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 calculated on the foregoing assumptions and based on 1,291,930 Dehaier shares, is $0.40. Pro forma diluted EPS for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 calculated on the foregoing assumptions and based on 2,400,000 Dehaier shares, is $0.22. No pro forma numbers have been provided for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF

FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

You should read the following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations in conjunction with our audited historical consolidated financial statements and the related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our actual results and the timing of selected events could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements as a result of various factors, including those set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this prospectus.

Overview

We have been focused on the development and distribution of medical devices since our inception, and we began developing our respiratory and oxygen homecare business in 2006. We design, develop and market our products in China. We import the majority of the products and medical components we sell to our customers. We design and develop some of the medical components that are part of the products to be distributed. Some of these medical components are manufactured by contractors in China because we do not have a manufacturing facility. Most of our products we sell require light assembly. We sell our products primarily to distributors; however, we also sell our products directly to hospitals, clinics and government health bureaus. We continually seek to broaden our market reach by introducing new and more advanced products and new product lines that address different end-user populations.

For the past two fiscal year periods ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, our total revenues amounted to approximately $6.60 million and $9.41 million, respectively. For the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2009, our total revenues amounted to approximately $6.53 million and $9.42 million, respectively. Our revenues are subject to VAT, sales returns and trade discounts .We deduct these amounts from our gross revenues to arrive at our total revenues. Our net income attributable to Dehaier for the periods ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 was $0.79 million and $0.92 million, respectively, and $0.52 million and $2.07 million for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2008 and 2009, respectively.

Revenues

Our total revenues are derived from products we provide in our three product lines, (i) Medical Devices (ii) Respiratory and Oxygen Homecare Products and (iii) Technical Service Products. We are currently operating in one business segment for all of our products we distribute.

Medical Devices

We derive revenues in our medical devices product line from the sale of C-arm X-ray systems, anesthesia machines, patient monitors and general hospital products. Our medical device line is our largest business line of products and has the most extensive market penetration of our three product lines. We anticipate that we will continue to experience revenue growth in our medical devices line as we further penetrate the market through the development and introduction of new advanced product offerings.

Respiratory and Oxygen Homecare Products

We derive revenues in our respiratory and oxygen homecare line from sales of oxygen concentrators, CPAP devices, portable sleep screening and diagnostic devices and thermotherapy devices. We anticipate that, on a percentage basis, net revenues in our respiratory and oxygen homecare product line will increase more rapidly than total net revenues in the near term, as we introduce new and more advanced products in this product line. We expect to increase our market penetration in the respiratory and oxygen homecare market both in China and internationally through the use of distributors as well as through our direct sales platform.

 

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Technical Service Products

We derive revenues in our technical service products line from sales of our air compressors and ventilator trolleys. We anticipate continued growth in revenues from our technical service products as we further penetrate this market by increasing the number of our distributors and maintaining a competitive pricing model.

Our ability to increase our revenues depends in large part on our ability to (i) increase the market penetration of our existing products, (ii) successfully identify, develop, introduce and commercialize, in a timely and cost-effective manner, new and upgraded products and (iii) enter into international markets in the future. Generally, we choose to devote our resources to product development efforts that we believe are commercially feasible, can generate significant revenues and margins and can be introduced into the market quickly.

Factors Affecting Our Results of Operations – Generally

We believe the most significant factors that directly or indirectly affect our sales revenues and net income are:

 

   

global economic conditions;

 

   

the changes in China’s macro-economic environment and healthcare-related government strategies and policies;

 

   

the level of acceptance of our products among hospitals and other healthcare facilities;

 

   

our ability to attract and retain distributors, key customers and our direct sales force;

 

   

new product introductions by us and our competitors; and

 

   

our ability to price our products at levels that provide favorable margins.

 

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Operating Costs and Expenses

Our operating costs and expenses consist of cost of revenues, general and administrative expenses, selling expenses and other expenses. Our total operating costs and expenses decreased as a percentage of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the year ended December 31, 2007 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared to the same period in 2008. These decreases were primarily due to increased economies of scale and an increase in revenue. The following table sets forth the components of our costs and expenses both in U.S. dollar amounts (in thousands) and as a percentage of total net revenues for the periods indicated.

 

     For the years ended December 31,    For the nine months ended September 30,
     2008    2007    2009    2008
     $    %    $    %    $    %    $    %
     (in
thousands)
        (in
thousands)
        (in
thousands)
        (in
thousands)
    
                         (Unaudited)    (Unaudited)

Revenues

   9,414    100.00    6,600    100.00    9,422    100.00    6,532    100.00
                                       

Costs and expenses

                       

Cost of revenues

   5,931    63.00    4,280    64.85    5,688    60.37    4,111    62.94

General and administrative expense

   1,326    14.09    758    11.48    788    8.36    918    14.05

Selling expense

   974    10.35    881    13.35    544    5.77    785    12.02
                                       

Total costs and expenses

   8,231    87.44    5,919    89.68    7,020    74.50    5,814    89.01
                                       

Cost of revenues

Cost of revenues primarily includes wages, parts for assembly, handling charges, and other expenses associated with the assembly and distribution of product.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits and related costs for our administrative personnel and management, fees and expenses of our outside advisers, including legal, audit and valuation expenses, expenses associated with our administrative offices and the depreciation of equipment used for administrative purposes. We expect that our general and administrative expenses will increase, both on an absolute basis and as a percentage of revenue, as we hire additional personnel and incur costs related to the anticipated growth of our business. In addition, we expect to incur additional general and administrative expenses associated with becoming a public company.

Selling Expenses

Selling expenses consist primarily of compensation and benefits for our sales and marketing staff, expenses for promotional, advertising, travel and entertainment activities, lease payments for our sales offices, and depreciation expenses related to equipment used for sales and marketing activities. Going forward, we expect our selling expenses to increase, both on an absolute basis and as a percentage of revenue, as we increase our efforts to promote our products, especially our new respiratory and oxygen homecare products.

Taxation

Generally

Dehaier is a tax-exempt company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. BDL and BTL were incorporated in the PRC and are governed by PRC laws. DHK is subject to Hong Kong profits tax rate.

 

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British Virgin Islands Tax

We are exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Act of the British Virgin Islands, including with respect to all dividends, interests, rents, royalties, compensation and other amounts payable by or to persons who are not resident in the British Virgin Islands. Capital gains realized with respect to any of our shares, debt obligations or other securities by persons who are not resident in the British Virgin Islands are also exempt from all provisions of the Income Tax Act of the British Virgin Islands. No estate, inheritance tax succession or gift tax rate, duty, levy or other charge is payable by persons who are not resident in the British Virgin Islands with respect to any of our shares, debt obligations, or other securities. No stamp duty is payable in the British Virgin Islands in relation to a transfer of shares in a British Virgin Islands Business Company.

PRC Enterprise Income Tax

The EIT Law, and the implementation regulations for the EIT Law issued by the PRC State Council, became effective as of January 1, 2008. The EIT Law provides that all enterprises in China, including foreign-invested companies, are subject to a uniform 25% enterprise income tax (“EIT”) rate and all tax reductions or exemptions as well as incentives currently provided to foreign-investment enterprises are to be cancelled. However, the EIT Law provides a five-year transition period from its effective date for those enterprises which were established before March 16, 2007 and which were entitled to a preferential lower tax rate under the then effective tax laws or regulations, as well as grandfathering tax holidays.

The State Council issued the “Notice on Implementation of the Transition Period for Preferential Enterprise Income Tax,” or the “Transition Implementation Notice,” on December 26, 2007, which provides detailed rules on how preferential tax rates under previous income tax laws or regulations would transition to the uniform 25% EIT rate. In addition, entities that qualify as “high and new technology enterprises” will enjoy a 15% preferential tax rate under the EIT Law. The Ministry of Science and Technology, the Ministry of Finance and the State Administration of Taxation issued the “Measures on Qualification of High and New Technology Enterprises,” or “Circular 172,” on April 14, 2008, which provides detailed standards for “high and new technology enterprises.” In addition, according to the Notice on Prepayment of Enterprise Income Tax issued by the State Administration of Taxation, enterprises that have been certified as “high and new technology enterprises” shall pre-pay EIT at the rate of 25% temporarily until re-certified as “high and new technology enterprises” under Circular 172.

Under the current PRC laws, BDL and BTL are subject to EIT and VAT. BDL was classified as a high and new technology company and operates in an approved economic-technological development area. Given this classification, it was entitled to an EIT rate of 15%, compared to the statutory rate of 30% for most companies in China. This classification also exempted BDL from paying the EIT for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2004, 2005 and 2006 and reduced BDL’s EIT rate by 50% to 7.5% for the three calendar years ended December 31, 2007, 2008 and 2009.

Due to the PRC’s termination of preferential tax rates, BDL did not obtain an updated high technology certification in 2008 and paid the 25% tax rate as a result in 2008. BDL subsequently obtained such high technology certification approval online and expects to receive the confirmation certificate in the near future. As a result, we have calculated our 2009 estimated income tax expenses at the preferential tax rate of 15%.

Critical Accounting Policies

Presentation in Accordance with US GAAP

We prepare consolidated financial statements in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”). These accounting principles require us to make judgments, estimates and assumptions on the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the end of each fiscal period, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during each fiscal period. We continually evaluate these judgments and estimates based on our own historical experience, knowledge and assessment of current business and other conditions, our expectations regarding the future based on available information and assumptions that we believe to be reasonable.

 

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Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Dehaier, DHK, BDL and BTL. All significant inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

DHK is Dehaier’s wholly-owned subsidiary. BDL is Dehaier’s majority-owned subsidiary. BTL is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”), and Dehaier is the primary beneficiary. Dehaier and BTL are under common control and the Company has provided substantial financial support to BTL.

The accounts of BTL are consolidated in the accompanying financial statements. As a VIE, BTL’s sales are included in the Company’s total sales, and its income from operations is consolidated with the Company’s. Because of the arrangements, the Company had a pecuniary interest in BTL that requires consolidation of the Company’s and BTL’s financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are adjusted to reflect actual experience when necessary. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts and impairment of long-lived assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value. Accounts receivable terms typically are net 60-180 days from the end of the month in which the services were provided. The company generally does not require collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. An allowance, if required, is based on a combination of historical experience, aging analysis, and an evaluation of the collectibility of specific accounts. Receivables are considered past due after 3 years and written off. At December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, an allowance for doubtful accounts has been provided. To the extent actual bad debts differ from management’s estimates by 10%, consolidated net income would be an estimated $3,000, $11,000 and $2,000 higher or lower for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, respectively, depending on whether the actual write-offs are greater or lower than estimated.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements for current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

In 2008, the Company adopted ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, which establishes a single authoritative definition of fair value and a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements for both financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities. This standard defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures. This standard does not require any new fair value measurements, but discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flows) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). For purposes of ASC 820-10-15, nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities would include all assets and liabilities other than those meeting the definition of a financial asset or financial liability as defined in ASC 820-10-15-15-1A. Management elected the deferral option available for one year for nonfinancial assets and liabilities as permitted by ASC 820-10.

The Company decided not to elect the fair value option prescribed by Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC 825-10 for its financial assets and liabilities.

 

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Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market and consists of assembled and unassembled parts relating to medical devices. The Company reviews its inventory annually for possible obsolete goods and to determine if any reserves are necessary for potential obsolescence. At December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, no reserve for obsolescence was considered necessary because the Company’s inventory consists of components that are assembled shortly prior to distribution. Because the Company orders components and ships products to order, it typically maintains a low inventory that could become obsolete.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be recoverable. When these events occur, the Company measures impairment by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss, equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the fair market value of the asset, is recognized. Management has determined no impairment exists at the balance sheet dates.

The Company reviews intangible assets for impairment. There was no impairment of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008. Although management believes the assumptions used in testing for impairment are reasonable, changes in any one of the assumptions could produce a significantly different result.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenues when all the followings conditions have been satisfied:

 

   

Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;

 

   

Delivery has occurred (e.g., an exchange has taken place);

 

   

The sales price is fixed or determinable; and,

 

   

Collectibility is reasonably assured.

All revenues are based on firm customer orders with fixed terms and conditions. The Company does not provide its customers with the unconditional right of return, price protection or cash rebates.

Accordingly, revenues from the sale of product are recognized when the risk and rewards are passed to the customer.

In the PRC, value added tax (“VAT”) of 17% of the invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not revenue of the Company; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities.

Warranty Costs

The Company provides for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. Warranty costs are included in general and administrative expenses. The Company’s warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates and material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failure. Should actual product failure rates, material usage or service delivery costs differ from the Company’s estimates, the Company may be required to revise its estimated product warranty liability. The term of the product warranty is generally twelve months. Provision for warranty costs was $158,065, $98,964 and $199,727 at December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, respectively. The provision for warranty costs is estimated based on historical cost. To the extent that actual warranty costs differ from management’s estimates by 10%, consolidated net income would be an estimated $6,000, $1,000, $4,000 and $4,000 higher or lower for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, depending on whether the actual warranty costs are greater or less than estimated.

 

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Value Added Tax

The Company reports revenues net of PRC’s value added tax for all the periods presented in the consolidated statements of operations.

Income Taxes

In July 2006, the FASB issued ASC 740-10, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes – an Interpretation of Accounting for Income Taxes.” It prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition of a tax position taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740-10, a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken may be recognized only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable upon examination, based on its technical merits. The tax benefit of a qualifying position under ASC 740-10 would equal the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority having full knowledge of all the relevant information. A liability (including interest and penalties, if applicable) is established in the financial statements to the extent a current benefit has been recognized on a tax return for matters that are considered contingent upon the outcome of an uncertain tax position. Related interest and penalties, if any, are included as components of income tax expense and income taxes payable. The Company is awaiting resolution of certain complex tax issues and has not yet filed its 2007 and 2008 Value Added Tax (“VAT”) tax returns for some of its customers. However, all the potential VAT liabilities on these VAT returns were accrued and included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

Results of Operations

Our limited operating history makes it difficult to predict future operating results. We believe that period-to-period comparisons of operating results should not be relied upon as indicative of future performance.

Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 Compared to Nine Months Ended September 30, 2008

Revenues

Our total revenues increased by 44.25% from $6.53 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 to $9.42 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. This was due to the increase of acceptance of our products among hospitals and other healthcare facilities and our market penetration effort.

Total Operating Costs and Expenses

Our total operating costs and expenses increased by 20.76% from $5.81 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 to $7.02 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. This increase was due to increase in cost of revenues and decrease in general and administrative and selling expenses, for the reasons described below.

Cost of Revenues

Our cost of revenues increased 38.38% from $4.11 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 to $5.69 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. We had an increase in gross margin from 37.07% up to 39.63% for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Our cost of revenues grew in U.S. dollars as our revenues grew, but our gross margin increased largely because we were able to leverage a stronger relationship with an original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, supplier, and take advantage of economies of scale.

 

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General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits and related costs for our administrative personnel and management, legal, audit and valuation expenses and expenses associated with our administrative offices and the depreciation of equipment used for administrative purposes.

Our general and administration expenses decreased by 14.18% from $0.92 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 to $0.79 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009. This decrease was largely because our professional expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 were $0.3 million consisting primarily of audit fees relating to our 2006 and 2007 financial statements, compared with professional expenses for the same period in 2009 of $0.18 million. In addition, our meeting and entertainment expense decreased by about $0.01 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 compared with the nine months ended September 30, 2008.

However, we expect that our general and administration expenses will increase in the near term as a result of Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 compliance and business expansion upon completion of this offering.

Selling Expense

Our selling expense decreased by 30.65% from $0.79 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 to $0.54 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009.

Our selling expense primarily consists of salaries and related expenses for personnel engaged in sales, marketing and customer support functions and costs associated with advertising and other marketing activities. Our selling expense decreased in both U.S. dollars and as a percentage of our total net revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, mainly due to exhibition expenses to promote our products both inside and outside China for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 that did not recur in 2009.

Operating Profit

As a result of the foregoing, we generated an operating profit of approximately $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $0.72 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. Operating profits increased 234.5% largely due to the increase of revenues and gross profit margin as stated above.

Taxation

Our income tax expenses were approximately $0.41 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $0.27 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. Our taxable income increased primarily due to increased revenues while our tax rate decreased. For the nine months ended September 30, 2008, the income tax rate applicable for BDL is 25%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, BDL has obtained a high technology certification approval online and expects to receive the confirmation certificate in the near future. As a result, BDL uses a 15% income tax rate to calculate the income tax expense for the nine months ended 2009.

Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, we had net income of approximately $2.11 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, compared to approximately $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. After deduction of non-controlling interest in income, net income attributable to Dehaier was approximately $2.07 million and $0.52 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

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Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2007.

Revenues

Our total revenues increased by 42.64% from $6.6 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to $9.41 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was due to the increase of acceptance of our products among hospitals and other healthcare facilities and our market penetration effort.

Total Operating Costs and Expenses

Our total operating costs and expenses increased by 39.08% from $5.92 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to $8.23 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was mainly due to an increase in cost of revenues and general and administrative expense, and, to a lesser extent, an increase in our selling expense .

Cost of Revenues

Our cost of revenues increased 38.59% from $4.28 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to $5.93 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. Our cost of revenues grew in U.S. dollars as our revenues grew, but our gross margin increased largely because we were able to leverage a stronger relationship with an original equipment manufacturer, or OEM, supplier and take advantage of economies of scale. We had an increase in gross margin of 1.85% from 35.15% up to 37.00% for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008, respectively. This result is largely due to the fact that our sales in 2008 consisted of relatively higher margin medical devices.

General and Administrative Expenses

General and administrative expenses consist primarily of salaries and benefits and related costs for our administrative personnel and management and expenses associated with our research and development and the registration of foreign exchange certificate.

Our general and administrative expenses increased by 75.07% from $0.76 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to $1.3 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was due primarily to increased headcount.

However, we expect that our general and administration expense will increase in the near term as a result of Sarbanes-Oxley Section 404 compliance and business expansion upon completion of this offering.

Selling Expense

Our selling expense increased by 10.56% from $0.88 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 to $0.97 million for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

Our selling expense primarily consists of salaries and related expenses for personnel engaged in sales, marketing and customer support functions and costs associated with advertising and other marketing activities. Our selling expense increased in both U.S. dollars and as a percentage of our total net revenues for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008, mainly to promote our products.

Operating Profit

As a result of the foregoing, we generated an operating profit of approximately $1.18 million in 2008, compared to approximately $0.68 million in 2007. Operating profit increased 73.61% largely due to the increase of revenues and gross profit margin.

 

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Taxation

Our income tax expense was approximately $0.42 million in 2008, compared to approximately $0.07 million in 2007. The increase in income tax in 2008 was primarily due to the change in applicable tax rate discussed above in “PRC Enterprise Income Tax.” As a result, our applicable tax rate in 2008 was 25%, compared to 7.5% in 2007.

Net Income

As a result of the foregoing, we had net income of approximately $0.98 million in 2008, compared to approximately $0.85 million in 2007. After deduction of non-controlling interest in income, net income attributable to Dehaier was approximately $0.92 million and $0.79 million in 2008 and 2007, respectively.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Cash Flows and Working Capital

To date, we have financed our operations primarily through cash flows from operations and short-term borrowings. As of December 31, 2008, we had approximately $0.28 million in cash and cash equivalents. As a result of the total cash activities, net cash increased from $282,603 on December 31, 2008 to $937,970 on September 30, 2009. We believe that our currently available working capital of $5,819,136, including cash of $937,970, should be adequate to meet our anticipated cash needs and sustain our current operations for at least 12 months.

However, currently available working capital, especially cash, may not be sufficient to fund our anticipated expansion. In order to meet the working capital needs for our anticipated expansion, we may take the following actions: (i) continue to improve our collection of accounts receivable; (ii) if necessary, raise additional capital through sale of equity; and (iii) enter into new, or refinance existing, short- and/or long-term commercial loans. We cannot assure you that financing will be available in the amounts we need or on terms acceptable to us, if at all. The sale of additional equity securities, including convertible debt securities, would dilute our shareholders. The incurrence of debt would divert cash from working capital and capital expenditures to service debt obligations and could result in operating and financial covenants that would restrict our operations and our ability to pay dividends to our shareholders. If we are unable to obtain additional equity or debt financing as required, our business, operations and prospects may suffer.

Operating Activities

Net cash used in operating activities was $802,964 for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to $1,656,945 net cash used in operating activities for the same period in 2007. The decrease of net cash used in operating activities is a result of several factors, including

(i) Increase of $1,925,268 in accounts receivable . This increase was associated with a growth in sales in 2008 compared with 2007 and the development of relationships with additional sales distributors. The accounts receivable term for distributors (ordinarily within one year) was longer than the accounts receivable term for hospitals (usually three to six months).

(ii) Increase of $576,203 in prepayments and other current assets . Our prepayment balance refers to amounts paid to suppliers for inventory purchases, and the increase in the amount corresponded with an increase in purchase agreements in 2008 compared with 2007.

(iii) Increase of $741,532 in income tax payable . The increase in taxes payable is attributable to the growth in our income and the increase in our applicable tax rate.

These increases were mainly attributable to the growth of our business during 2008.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $1,573,390 for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 as compared to net cash used in operating activities of $978,152 for the same period in 2008. The cash generated from operating activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was approximately $2.5 million more than the same period ended in the proceeding year primarily due to the following:

(i) Increase of $1,544,278 in net income . Our net income increased because of a growth in both sales volume and gross margin in 2009.

 

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(ii) Increase of $746,012 in inventory . We have purchased more inventory in 2009 than we did in 2008 to meet management’s expected demand for our products in the future.

(iii) Decrease of $728,241 in accounts receivable . In 2009, we have focused increased attention on the payment of accounts receivable and on maintaining adequate cash on hand.

(iv) Increase of $531,570 in tax payable . The increase in taxes payable is attributable to the growth in our income.

Investing Activities

Net cash used in investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $637,811, compared to net cash used in investing activities of $542,401 in the year ended December 31, 2007. Net cash used in investing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was $913,717, compared to $597,476 for the nine months ended September 30, 2008. The cash used in investing activities was mainly attributable to capital expenditures for the purchase of new equipment.

Financing Activities

Net cash provided by financing activities in the year ended December 31, 2008 totaled $231,948, compared to net cash provided by financing activities of $2,849,378 in the year ended December 31, 2007. The cash provided by financing activities in the year ended December 31, 2008 was mainly attributable to proceeds received from a bank loan provided by ICBC in Beijing. The cash provided by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2007 was mainly attributable to the proceeds from issuance of Series B preferred shares and proceeds from bank loans.

Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 was nil mainly because we did not incur any new bank loan or other financing activities. Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 totaled $238,984. The cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2008 was mainly attributable to proceeds received from a bank loan.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008:

 

Contractual obligations

   Payments due by period
   Total    Less than 1
year
   1-3 years    3-5 years    More than 5
years

Operating Lease Obligations

   $ 19,855    $ 18,328    $ 1,527    —      —  

Total

   $ 19,855    $ 18,328    $ 1,527    —      —  

The leased properties are principally located in the PRC, and we use such properties for administration and research and development purposes. The leases are renewable subject to negotiation. Rental expenses for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 were $32,011, $28,399, $36,174 and $25,507, respectively. Rent expense paid to the spouse of the chief executive officer for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 was $0, $0, $17,418 and $0, respectively.

Capital Expenditures

We made capital expenditures of approximately $0.71 million and $0.51 million in 2008 and 2007, and $0.92 million and $0.67 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively, representing 7.53%, 7.74% and 9.72%, 10.23%, of our total revenues, respectively. In the past, our capital expenditures were used to purchase machines for our assembly line. Our capital expenditures may increase in the near term as our business continues to grow and as we expand and improve our financial and accounting systems and infrastructure.

 

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Off-Balance Sheet Commitments and Arrangements

We have not entered into any financial guarantees or other commitments to guarantee the payment obligations of any third parties. We have not entered into any derivative contracts that are indexed to our shares and classified as shareholder’s equity or that are not reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Furthermore, we do not have any retained or contingent interest in assets transferred to an unconsolidated entity that serves as credit, liquidity or market risk support to such entity. We do not have any variable interest in any unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit support to us or engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles – a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162.” The objective of this Statement is to replace SFAS No. 162 and to establish the FASB Accounting Standards Codification as the source of the authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. This Statement shall be effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. On the effective date of this Statement, all then existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards are superseded.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, an amendment to FASB Interpretation 46(R) “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.” The statement requires an entity to perform an analysis to determine whether the entity’s variable interest give it a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity by rationalizing characteristics that would give it power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the variable interest entity. The statement is effective for years beginning after November 15, 2009 and is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166 “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets” an amendment to SFAS 140 “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities.” The statement defines the term “participating interest” to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of financial assets as a sale and improves financial reporting by eliminating (a) the exception for qualifying special-purpose entities from consolidation guidance and (b) the exception that permitted sale accounting for certain mortgage securitizations when a transferor has not surrendered control over the transferred financial assets. The statement is effective for annual reports for years beginning after November 15, 2009 and is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On October 7, 2009, the FASB issued ASU No. 2009-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605): Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements—a consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force. The amendments to FASB ASC 605-25, Revenue Recognition: Multiple-Element Arrangements, permit vendors to account for products and services separately rather than as a combined unit. Any vendor who enters into multiple-deliverable arrangements with customers that are covered by Subtopic 605-25 will be affected, the FASB said. As a result of the changes, multiple-deliverable arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing guidance. With the changes to Subtopic 605-25, the FASB is eliminating the residual method of allocation and instead requiring entities to allocate the arrangement consolidation at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method. Vendors will be required to determine their best estimate of the selling price consistently with the method they use to determine the selling price when the good or service is sold separately. The changes in ASU No. 2009-13 will be effective for revenue arrangements that begin or are changed in fiscal years that start June 15, 2010, or later. Entities that adopt the changes before then will have to apply them to their results from the beginning of their fiscal years. The adoption of this accounting standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

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On August 26, 2009, the FASB issued ASU 2009-05, Measuring Liabilities at Fair Value, to clarify how entities should estimate the fair value of liabilities under the FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. The amendments in ASU 2009-05 reduce potential ambiguity in financial reporting when measuring the fair value of liabilities. Therefore, preparers, investors, and other users of financial statements will have a better understanding of how the fair value of liabilities was measured, helping to improve consistency in the application of Topic 820. The FASB issued ASU 2009-05 as a result of expressed concern that there may be a lack of observable market information to measure the fair value of a liability. For example, in the hypothetical transfer of an asset subject to a restriction there will be no observable data available to measure the liability because it is restricted from being transferred. This guidance is effective for the first reporting period (including interim periods) beginning after issuance. The adoption of this accounting standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure about Market Risk

Interest Rate Risk

Our risk exposure from changes in interest rates relates primarily to the interest expenses associated with our historical bank borrowings, as well as the interest income generated by excess cash invested in demand and time deposits.

We have not historically used, and do not expect to use in the future, any derivative financial instruments to manage our interest risk exposure. Such interest-earning instruments and borrowings carry a degree of interest rate risk. We have not been exposed nor do we anticipate being exposed to material risks due to changes in interest rates.

Foreign Exchange Risk

Accumulated translation adjustments amounted to $778,766, $398,581 and $774,531 as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and September 30, 2009, respectively. Asset and liability accounts at December 31, 2008, 2007 and September 30 2009 were translated at ¥6.8225 to $1.00, at ¥7.2946 to $1.00 and at ¥6.8263 to $1.00, respectively. The average translation rates applied to the statements of income for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 were ¥6.9483, ¥7.6038, ¥6.8323 and ¥6.9848 to $1.00, respectively.

Inflation

Although China has experienced an increasing inflation rate, inflation has not had a material impact on our results of operations in recent years. According to the National Bureau of Statistics of China, the change in the consumer price index in China was 0.46%, (0.77%), and 1.16% in 2001, 2002 and 2003, respectively. However in connection with a 3.9% increase in 2004, the Chinese government announced measures to restrict lending and investment in China in order to reduce inflationary pressures in China’s economy. Following the government’s actions, the consumer price index decreased to 1.8% in 2005 and to 1.5% in 2006. In 2007, the consumer price index increased to 4.8%. In response, China’s central bank, the People’s Bank of China, announced that the bank reserve ratio would rise half a percentage point to 15.5% in an effort to reduce inflation pressures. China’s consumer price index growth rate reached 8.7% year over year in 2008.

Taxation

Pursuant to the EIT Law and the supplementary regulations, only high-tech companies that have been re-certified as such under the new criteria are granted the preferential enterprise income tax rate of 15%. Due to the PRC’s termination of preferential tax rates, BDL did not obtain an updated high technology certification in 2008 and paid the 25% tax rate as a result in 2008. BDL subsequently obtained such high technology certification approval online and expects to receive the confirmation certificate in the near future. As a result, we have calculated our 2009 estimated income tax expenses at the preferential tax rate of 15%.

 

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OUR BUSINESS

General

China’s Economic Development

China’s population of approximately 1.3 billion people is expected to grow by roughly 15 million people per year. The country’s gross national product has grown at a rate of approximately 9% for more than 25 years, the fastest growth rate for a major economy. In the same 25 year period, China has moved more than 300 million people out of poverty and quadrupled the average Chinese person’s income. The potential of this market is noted by the fact that 400 of the world’s largest 500 companies have invested in China.

In 2008, the Chinese government is posed with the difficult task of regulating economic growth while attempting to control inflation. In February 2008, consumer prices in China surged to an annual rate of 8.7%, up from 7.1% in January 2008. This one-month increase was the fastest increase in Chinese consumer prices in more than 11 years. More recently, China has faced concerns about deflation, as China’s national consumer price index fell 1.6% in February 2009, the first year-on-year drop in six years. See “Risk Factors – A slowdown in the Chinese economy or an increase in its inflation rate may slow down our growth and profitability.”

China’s Healthcare Industry – Generally

From 1940 through the 1950s, China’s government developed a healthcare system that would address the main health considerations of the day – improved sanitation, improved diet and disease prevention. The healthcare system provided universal access to all Chinese citizens. In China’s rural areas local governments generally financed the healthcare system. The results of the government’s focus upon healthcare resulted in a dramatic long-term improvement of the health of China’s citizens. For example, in 1949, the life expectancy of a Chinese citizen was 35 years; by 2009, the life expectancy of a Chinese citizen had risen to over 73 years, more than six years greater than the worldwide average life expectancy.

In the 1980s, the Chinese government, led by Deng Xiaoping, introduced socialist market reforms designed to increase China’s presence in the international community while increasing the standard of living in China. However, these reforms also pushed an ever-increasing portion of healthcare costs upon individual citizens. Consequently, an ever-widening gap arose between the provision of healthcare services to citizens in wealthy, urban areas and those in poor, rural areas. In 1975, over 85% of the rural population was covered by government-provided healthcare; in 1997, that proportion had decreased to 10% of the rural population.

In April 2009, the Chinese government implemented large-scale healthcare reform. The State Council allocated $123 billion as part of its New Medical Reform Plan. The plan, which is part of China’s stimulus package aimed at correcting the recent global economic down-turn, contemplates the development of a universal healthcare system that will cover 90% of China’s population by 2010. In addition, the plan includes significant improvements to health care facilities and expansion of China’s health related infrastructure.

Specifically, within three years, the Chinese government aims to improve the urban healthcare system by rebuilding and restructuring approximately 3,700 existing urban community health centers and 11,000 community health clinics. The plan will also accommodate the development of approximately 2,400 new urban health centers. In effect, the plan de-emphasizes the prevalence of large, magnet facilities in favor of smaller, more accessible clinics.

 

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In addition, the plan is designed to dramatically improve medical services available for the 800 million rural poor in China. Through the plan, the Chinese government contemplates the development of clinics in every village and a hospital in every county in China by the end of 2011. If successfully implemented, the plan would result in at least 2,000 new county hospitals and 29,000 village clinics.

China’s Healthcare Industry – Medical Device Market Background

China’s medical device market is projected to grow faster than the global medical device market. Reasons for this faster growth in China include:

A fast growing domestic economy. China’s gross domestic product is expected to grow by 8% in 2009 while many leading world economies are expected to contract.

Increasing desire for and utilization of more advanced technologies in Chinese hospitals and clinics. The market penetration of common medical equipment in Chinese hospitals is low compared to hospitals in more developed countries. However, we believe hospitals in China are purchasing more advanced technology as they attempt to compete for patients and generate additional profits.

Increasing availability of healthcare insurance. The increasing availability of healthcare insurance generally provides coverage for more advanced and extensive healthcare services than were previously available.

Increasing autonomy at the hospital level. Although governmental entities own and control substantially all of the hospitals in China, recent healthcare system reforms have resulted in a trend of greater operating autonomy at local levels. For example, hospitals in China today rely less and less on governmental funding and are generally expected to earn enough revenues on their own to cover 70% to 90% of their operating expenses. This has led to a greater focus on achieving efficiencies and improving services by regional hospital administrators, who now typically have the authority to make decisions regarding equipment purchases.

Increasing government focus on improving quality of care. The outbreak of SARS in 2003 heightened the government’s awareness of the need to improve the country’s healthcare infrastructure, and healthcare has become a priority for the PRC government.

Chinese Healthcare Institutions. According to the PRC Ministry of Health, there were approximately 19,847 hospitals and 270,000 healthcare clinics in China in 2007. The hospitals, which on average had approximately 135 beds, can be further divided into approximately 1,182 large-sized hospitals, 6,608 medium-sized hospitals and 12,057 small-sized hospitals, commonly referred to as Tier III, Tier II and Tier I and other hospitals, respectively, in China.

Chinese Medical Device Manufacturers. According to Medistat, World Market Analysis 2004, published by Espicom Business Intelligence, an independent market research firm, there were approximately 2,900 medical device manufacturers in China at the end of 2003. However, most domestic manufacturers are state-owned small- and medium-sized companies producing basic medical supplies, such as bandages, patient aids and medical or surgical instruments. Therefore, imported medical equipment accounted for 85% to 90% of the China medical device market in 2002, the most recent year for which data is available. However, more advanced medical products are expected to be produced in China in the next few years. Those China-based companies that are able to develop and manufacture more advanced products at lower costs than their international competitors should be able to capitalize on the growing desire for better quality of care in China and emerge as leaders in domestic medical device manufacturing.

Medical Device Marketing and Distribution in China . Hospitals in China purchase a majority of their medical devices and supplies through distributors. Medical device distribution is highly specialized and localized in China. Most medical device distributors operate within relatively small territories. Few distributors are willing or able to cover the entire country. Most distributors focus on China’s eastern coastal cities, where purchasing power is concentrated, while western China tends to have very limited

 

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coverage. In addition, different provinces in China often have their own medical and insurance practices, purchasing policies and regulatory requirements which further increases the complexity of medical device distribution. As a result, most manufacturers need to appoint multiple distributors to effectively cover all of the geographic areas in China. The ability to leverage local contacts and knowledge is vital in creating an effective distribution network in China, creating a significant barrier to entry for both smaller local companies and larger international competitors that lack a meaningful local presence.

Our Strengths

We believe we have the following principal competitive strengths, enabling us to attain a leading position in China’s medical device and respiratory and oxygen homecare industries:

 

   

Our Brand and Leading Market Position. We believe that we have established ourselves as one of the most recognized brands in the medical device and respiratory and oxygen homecare markets in China. We believe we have one of the most experienced management teams in China’s medical device and respiratory and oxygen homecare industries. Each of our executive officers has over 10 years of experience in the medical device and respiratory and oxygen homecare industries. Over time they have been able to develop a comprehensive understanding of local markets and customer needs within those markets. Through our experienced leadership, strong brand and market position we have developed a broad customer base throughout China, allowing for more rapid acceptance of our products.

 

   

Distribution, Sales and Service Network. Through our extensive distribution, sales and service network for medical devices and respiratory and oxygen homecare products in China, we have established a strong platform of business contacts and local knowledge which enables us to develop products and provide services tailored to our customers’ local needs. This nationwide network consists of more than 2,000 distributors and approximately 70 sales and sales support personnel located across 26 offices.

 

   

Research and Development Capabilities. Our leading research and development team has 20 engineers. We increased our annual investment in research and development activities in each of the last several years. We developed eight new home respiratory therapy products in the last four years, including three new products in 2008. We also have plans to develop six new home respiratory therapy products in 2009. In addition to developing new products, our research and development efforts have helped us to improve our assembly processes, reduce our costs, and make the development process quicker and more efficient.

 

   

Vertically Integrated Operating Model . We employ a vertically integrated operating model that enables us to efficiently develop, assemble and market quality products at competitive prices. We believe this integrated model allows us to lower our costs for materials and components, reduce our capital expenditures, create a more efficient workflow, and improve our quality control. This model also provides for a more effective upstream and downstream channel of business cooperation.

 

   

Relationships with Foreign Medical Device Manufacturers. We distribute a wide range of medical devices in China for several foreign medical device manufacturers, including IMD, Timesco, WelchAllyn, Kontron, JMS and ResMed.

 

   

Customer Support and Service Team. We have customer support teams located in our Beijing headquarters and each of our 26 offices throughout China. This extensive customer support network allows us to provide domestic training, technical support, and warranty, maintenance and repair services to end-users of our products, as well as support and service to our distributors. We also maintain a 24-hour customer service center in Beijing, staffed with senior technical support engineers prepared to provide preliminary support and on-site guidance and repair if necessary.

 

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Our Products

We have three primary business lines: (i) medical devices; (ii) technical service products and (iii) respiratory and oxygen homecare products. Our medical devices and technical service products are mainly used in hospitals and clinics, while our respiratory and oxygen homecare products are mainly for at-home use by individual customers. Our technical service products consist of components for use in ventilators.

Medical Devices

 

   

Mobile Medical X-Ray Image Devices. We provide the DHR Explorer Series mobile and C-armed X-ray machine, the IMD Radius Series mobile and C-armed X-ray machine, and the IMD Compact Series mobile-X-ray machine. X-ray is used for visualizing bone structures and other dense tissues such as tumors. Our mobile and C-armed X-ray machines provide added convenience for use in hospitals and clinics.

 

   

Anesthesia Machines . We provide the Kontron ORSA Series and Stephan ARTEC Series anesthesia machines. These machines are used by anesthesiologists to support the administration of anesthesia. These machines administer a precise and continuous supply of anesthetic gases and vapors to the patient at accurate and safe levels of pressure and flow. These machines maintain a continuous, closed-loop control over the pressure of gas within a patient’s mouth or respiratory according to the selected pressure input.

Patient Monitoring Devices . We provide the DHR 930 and WelchAllyn ATLAS patient monitoring devices which monitor patients’ physiological parameters, such as heart rate, blood pressure, respiration and temperature. We also provide polysomnograph devices, which are used to monitor and record patients’ sleep data through multiple parameters. These machines are suitable for adult, pediatric and neonatal care and principally used by hospitals in intensive care units, operating rooms and emergency rooms.

 

   

Noninvasive Imaging Devices . We provide color Doppler imaging machines. Our color Doppler imaging machine uses a non-invasive technique to study blood flow. The images produced by the color Doppler machine can be used monitor the function and expansion of patients’ organs.

 

   

Medical Ventilator. We also provide the ResMed VS Serena, Ultra and Integra Ventilators. Our VS Series of medical ventilators mechanically move breathable air to and from the lungs to support breathing support for patients who are physically unable to breathe or who are breathing insufficiently.

Technical Service Products

 

   

Ventilator Air Compressor. Our C250 and C280 air compressors are used to support medical ventilators in surgery by supplying continuous airflow for the ventilator. Where a facility lacks a central pressured air supply system, our air compressors provide a portable source of such pressured air.

 

   

Trolleys for Ventilators. Our trolleys are designed to hold a ventilator and its accessories for mobility. These trolleys can be fit with a monitor to further enhance the portability and utility.

 

   

Sterilizers for Ventilators. Our sterilizers treat the air from patients in order to control cross-contamination and infection in a facility in general and for subsequent ventilator patients in particular.

 

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Respiratory and Oxygen Homecare Products

 

   

Oxygen Concentrating Products . We provide the DHR Series of oxygen concentrator products, including, the DHR-3L/5L Oxi-Fairy and the DHR-3L/5L Oxi-Pioneer. These products use our patented advanced Pressure Swing Absorbing (“PSA”) technology to produce highly-concentrated, therapeutic-level oxygen (approximately 90% oxygen concentration) from air at normal temperatures. These products are used by patients with cardiovascular disease, respiratory diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and geriatric patients.

Sleep Apnea Treatment Products. We provide several products designed for obstructive sleep apnea (“OSA”) therapy. These products include our DHR CPAP C5, DHR Auto CPAP A8, DHR Auto S-CPAP A9, ResMed S6 and MAP MinniPAP. Our DHR CPAP C5, Auto CPAP A8 and DHR S-CPAP A9 are in the process of obtaining SFDA approval and will not be available for sale until we receive such approval. While we expect to receive this approval within the first half of 2010, we cannot guarantee that we will obtain such SFDA approval in this timeframe or all. These products are all non-invasive therapy products that treat symptoms of sleep apnea. Our CPAP devices do not cure apnea but instead use air pressure to open customers’ airways to reduce snoring and apnea disturbances during sleep. Our automatic CPAP products provide air pressure at a customized, adjustable level, while our traditional CPAP products provide a costant level of air pressure.

Diagnostic Products. Our DHR 998 and DHR 999 screening and diagnosis products are portable sleep respiratory recording devices that can be used in a healthcare facility or in a patient’s home to assist physicians in determining whether the patient has obstructive sleep apnea requiring use of a CPAP device. We have applied to SFDA for approval of our DHR 998 and DHR 999 diagnostic products, and they will not be available for sale until we receive such approval. While we expect to receive this approval within the first half of 2010, we cannot guarantee that we will obtain such SFDA approval in this timeframe or all.

 

   

Thermotherapy Products . Our DHR thermotherapy device is designed for patients with rhinitis and delivers atomized clean water at a therapeutic temperature to the affected site.

 

   

Healthcare Data Collection Product. We provide the CMS 50F, wrist pulse oximeter and CMS50, finger clamp oximeter. These products monitor pulse rates for patients with respiratory disease to determine when care from a physician is necessary.

Service

We maintain a 24-hour customer service center in Beijing for technical support and repair. We staff our customer service center with senior technical support engineers who provide preliminary support. Our engineers attempt to quickly diagnose and assist in repairing problems over the phone, or determine whether a service visit to the customer’s premises is necessary. In some instances, our engineers will provide on-site operating guidance and repair service. We periodically review customer calls to ensure that any issues raised by our customers are resolved to their satisfaction.

Research and Development

Our success to date has in part resulted from our strong research and development capabilities, which allow us to regularly introduce new and more advanced products at more competitive prices within a shorter period of time. We increased our annual investment in research and development activities as a percentage of net revenues every year since 2003. Research and development costs were $87,660, $47,228, $50,671 and $36,989 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, respectively. Our research and development team consists of 20 engineers, representing more than one-tenth of our employees nationwide.

 

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We employ project selection procedures that focus on projects that we believe are commercially feasible, can generate significant revenue and can be introduced into the market in the near-term. Once we identify a product opportunity, our sales and service, research and development, and assembly teams work closely together to determine potential market demand for a product and how it fits with our current design and assembly capabilities. We organize regular meetings in which our sales and service, research and development and assembly teams review progress and, if necessary, adjust the emphasis of our research and development projects.

If we deem a new product to be commercially feasible, our research and development team will work closely with our assembly team to move assembly forward. This integrated approach allows us to identify potential difficulties in commercializing our product or product improvement. Furthermore, it enables us to make adjustments as necessary and develop cost-efficient assembly processes prior to distribution. We believe these abilities can significantly shorten the time it takes to launch a commercialized product. In the last three years, we have developed and brought to market 5 new products, which appeal to a wide range of end-users.

We maintain a 5,400 square foot research and development center in our facility in Beijing, which allows us to compete for skilled research and development technicians and managers. In addition, we are enhancing our research and development ability by cooperating with the research institutes of two top ranking Universities in China: Beijing University of Aeronautics & Astronautics and Beijing University of Technology and Science.

Our Strategies

Our objective is to strengthen our position as one of China’s leaders in developing, distributing and marketing medical devices and home respiratory therapy products and to become an industry leader in certain select foreign markets. We intend to achieve our objective by implementing the following strategies:

 

   

Increase Market Share. We have plans to develop and introduce more technologically advanced home respiratory products while maintaining steady rates of growth in the sales of our existing medical devices. We plan to establish 32 new Customer Experience Centers (“CEC”), add more direct sales personnel, and increase our marketing activities to further penetrate China’s market. We also plan to capitalize on the anticipated market growth by leveraging our significant local industry expertise, strong brand recognition, broad customer base and established distribution network. Additionally we plan to increase our exposure through increased participation at industry exhibitions and technology forums.

 

   

Increase Research and Development. We intend to broaden our market reach by introducing more advanced products and new product lines that address different end-user segments. Some of the segments we intend to direct future focus to include: oxygen therapy and health care, sleep and respiratory diagnosis and therapy, and homecare data collection and transportation.

 

   

Enhance Market Position and Brand Recognition. We plan to enhance our position in the market and bolster our brand recognition through the above mentioned 32 CECs which will be established in each of China’s 32 capital cities. The CECs will provide purchasers of our products with extensive pre-sale education in the use of the product as well as post-sale service of the product. We also plan to grow our international business though the establishment of a more extensive distribution network and technical service products relationships with international manufacturers and distributors.

 

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Maintaining Our Disciplined Cost Focus. We plan to maintain our disciplined cost focus while further improving our cost structure. Our research and development team will work with our assembly team to optimize our design in order to improve our margins and competitive cost advantages. As our sales volume increases, so too will the size of our purchases of components. We intend to take advantage of this situation by leveraging our purchasing power to reduce our purchasing costs. As we build economies of scale, we anticipate further increases in our operational efficiencies.

 

   

Maintain Distribution Network. We plan to maintain our existing distribution network through active management of our distributors. We will periodically review the performance of our distributors and assess areas that need improvement; agreements with distributors who fail to perform to our standards will be terminated.

Customers

We have three categories of customers: distributors, hospitals and government agencies and individual consumers to whom we sell directly. Our customer base is widely dispersed on both a geographic and revenues basis.

Our distributors. Sales to our distributors make up the substantial majority of our revenues as over 90% of our sales are to distributors. We have more than 2,000 distributors throughout China selling our products to the end-users.

Hospital and governmental agency customers. Our hospital and governmental agency customers account for less than 1% of our total sales. Our hospital and governmental agency customers primarily include hospitals as well as provincial level public health bureaus and population and family planning bureaus. These customers typically place large volume orders that are awarded based on bids submitted by competing medical equipment companies through a state-owned bidding agent.

Individual consumers. We sell our home respiratory therapy products directly to consumers through our CEC centers and through the E-commerce website: www.cpap-oxygen.com. Such sales account for less than 1% of our total sales.

Dependence on Major Customers. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, approximately 11%, 17%, 8% and 7%, respectively, of our sales were from one customer. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, receivables from four and three customers were approximately 50%, 38%, 34% and 48%, respectively. Our business would be harmed if we lost or reduced our relationships with these major customers. See “Risk Factors – Our revenues are highly dependent on a limited number of customers involved in China’s healthcare device industry.”

Competition

The medical device industry is characterized by rapid product development, technological advances, intense competition and a strong emphasis on proprietary information. Across all product lines and product tiers, we face direct competition both domestically in China and internationally. We compete based on factors such as price, value, customer support, brand recognition, reputation, and product functionality, reliability and compatibility.

For domestic sales, our competitors include publicly traded and privately held multinational companies and domestic Chinese companies. We believe that we can continue to compete successfully in China because our established domestic distribution network and customer support and service network allows us significantly better access to China’s small and medium-sized hospitals. In addition, our strong investment in research and development, coupled with our low-cost operating model, allows us to compete effectively for sales to large hospitals.

 

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As we expand into international markets, our competitors will include publicly traded and privately held multinational companies such as Respironics, Inc., ResMed Inc. and Covidien. These companies typically focus on the premium segments of the market. We believe we can successfully penetrate certain international markets by offering products of comparable quality at lower prices. We will also face competition in international sales from companies that have local operations in the markets in which we sell our products. We believe that we can compete successfully with these companies by offering high quality products at comparable prices.

Principal Suppliers

We use the following principal suppliers:

 

   

IMI Morgren Trading (Shanghai) Co., Ltd

 

   

Yuyao Best Medical Device Parts Factory

 

   

Contec Medical Systems Co., Ltd.

 

   

Friend of Health (Chuzhou) Medical Technology Co., Ltd.

 

   

Tianjin HSD Metal Product Co., Ltd.

We believe the components provided by our suppliers are widely available and do not anticipate that we will be unable to obtain these components from other suppliers in the event our principal suppliers are unable or unwilling to supply us.

Proprietary Rights

We are developing a portfolio of intellectual property rights in China to protect the technologies, inventions and improvements that we believe are significant to our business in China. We have two patents issued in China for an oxygen concentrator. We have applied for five additional patents related to our CPAP devices (2), portable sleep screening (2) and diagnostic services (1). Moreover, we possess proprietary technology and know-how in assembly processes, design and engineering. We have not filed for any patent protection outside of China. To protect our brand name recognition, we have registered the brand name “Dehaier” for trademark protection.

Our success in the medical equipment industry depends in substantial part on effective management of both intellectual property assets and infringement risks. In particular, we must be able to protect our own intellectual property as well as minimize the risk that any of our products may infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others.

We enter into agreements with all our employees involved in research and development, under which all intellectual property generated during their employment belongs to us, and they waive all relevant rights or claims to such intellectual property. All our employees involved in research and development are also bound by a confidentiality obligation and have agreed to disclose and assign to us all inventions conceived by them during their term of employment.

We believe that we have successfully established our brand in China. We have registered trademarks in China for the Dehaier name and logo used on our own-brand products. As part of our overall strategy to protect and enhance the value of our brand, we actively enforce our registered trademarks against any unauthorized use by a third party.

Employees

As of November 12, 2009, we had 155 employees, including 148 full-time employees and 7 part-time employees. Out of that total, 40 were employed in assembly, 20 were in research and development, 15 were in general administration, 70 were in marketing, sales, and customer support and service, and 10 were in procurement and supply management. As required by PRC regulations, we participate in various employee benefit plans that are organized by municipal and provincial governments, including pension, work-related injury benefits, maternity insurance, and medical and unemployment benefit plans. We are

 

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required under PRC law to make contributions to the employee benefit plans at specified percentages of the salaries, bonuses, housing funds and certain allowances of our employees, up to a maximum amount specified by the local government from time to time. We make contributions to the employee benefit 10% of employee salaries.

Generally, we enter into a three-year standard employment contract with all of our officers, managers and other key employees and a one-year standard employment contract with all other employees. According to these employment contracts, all of our employees are prohibited from engaging in any activities that compete with out business during the period of their employment with us.

Under Chinese law, we may only terminate employment agreements without cause and without penalty by providing notice of non-renewal one month prior to the date on which the employment agreement is scheduled to expire. If we fail to provide this notice or if we wish to terminate an employment agreement in the absence of cause, then we are obligated to pay the employee one month’s salary for each year we have employed the employee. We are, however, permitted to terminate an employee for cause without penalty to our company, where the employee has committed a crime or the employee’s actions or inactions have resulted in a material adverse effect to us.

DESCRIPTION OF PROPERTY

We are headquartered and our principal executive offices are located at the Epoch Center in Beijing. We assemble and test all our products at our 32,000 square foot product facility at the Changping Science Park in Beijing.

 

Office

  

Address

  

Rental Term

  

Space

Principal Executive Office

  

1223 Epoch Center, 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road,

Haidian District, Beijing, 100089

   2 years    2,800 square feet

Product Center

  

45 Yong An Road, Science Park,

Changping District, Beijing, 102200

   2 years    32,000 square feet

REGULATION

Our products are medical devices and are subject to regulatory controls governing medical devices. As a distributor of medical equipment and supplies we are subject to regulation and oversight by different levels of the food and drug administration in China, in particular the SFDA. We are also subject to other PRC government laws and regulations. SFDA requirements include obtaining certifications, permits, compliance with clinical testing standards, assembly practices, quality standards, applicable industry standards and adverse event reporting, and advertising and packaging standards.

China’s Regulation of Medical Devices

Classification of Medical Devices

In China, medical devices are classified into three different categories, Class I, Class II and Class III, depending on the degree of risk associated with each medical device and the extent of control needed to ensure safety and effectiveness. Classification of a medical device is important because the class to which a medical device is assigned determines, among other things, whether a company needs to obtain a permit and the level of regulatory authority involved in obtaining such permit. Classification of a device also determines the types of registration required and the level of regulatory authority involved in effecting the product registration.

 

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Class I devices require product certification and are those with low risk to the human body and are subject to “general controls.” Class I devices are regulated by the city level food and drug administration where the company is located. Class II devices are those with medium risk to the human body and are subject to “special controls.” Class II devices require product certification, usually through a quality system assessment, and are regulated by the provincial level food and drug administration where the company is located. Class III devices are those with high risk to the human body, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices. Class III devices also require product certification and are regulated by the SFDA under the strictest regulatory control.

The majority of our products are classified as Class II or Class III devices. Our anesthesia machines and ventilators are classified as Class III medical devices, while the remainder of our products are either classified as Class II or, in the case of our ventilator trolleys and sterilizers, not categorized devices.

Assembly Permit

A company must obtain a permit from the provincial level food and drug administration before commencing the assembly of Class II and Class III medical devices. No assembly permit is required for Class I devices, but the company must notify the provincial level food and drug administration where the company is located and file for record with it. An assembly permit, once obtained, is valid for four years and is renewable upon expiration.

Our assembly permits for our devices are scheduled to expire on the following schedule:

 

Product

   Assembly Permit Expiration Date

C-arm X-ray machines

   November 2010

Oxygen concentrators

   November 2010

Air compressors

   November 2011

Anesthesia machines

   September 2013

To renew an assembly permit, a company needs to submit to the provincial level food and drug administration an application to renew the permit, along with required information nine months before the expiration date of the permit.

Distribution License

A manufacturer or distributor must obtain a distribution license in order to engage in sales and distribution of Class II and Class III medical devices in China. A distribution license is valid for five years and is renewable upon expiration. Our distribution license will expire on May 16, 2010.

Registration Requirement

Before a medical device can be manufactured for commercial distribution, a company must effect medical device registration by proving the safety and effectiveness of the medical device to the satisfaction of respective levels of the food and drug administration. In order to conduct a clinical trial on a Class II or Class III medical device, the SFDA requires companies to apply for and obtain in advance a favorable inspection result for the device from an inspection center jointly recognized by the SFDA and the Administration of Quality Supervision, Inspection and Quarantine. The application to the inspection center must be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory testing results. If the inspection center approves the application for clinical trial, and the respective levels of the food and drug administration approve the institutions which will conduct the clinical trials, the company may begin the clinical trial. A registration application for a Class II or Class III device must provide required pre-clinical and clinical trial data and information about the device and its components regarding, among other things, device design, production and labeling. The provincial level food and drug administration, within 60 days of receiving an application for the registration of a Class II device, and the SFDA, within 90 days of receiving an application for the registration of a Class III device, will notify the applicant whether the application for registration is approved. If approved, a registration certificate will be issued within ten days of written approval. If the food and drug administration requires supplemental information, the approval process may take much longer. The registration is valid for four years.

 

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The SFDA may change its policies, adopt additional regulations, revise existing regulations or tighten enforcement, each of which could block or delay the approval process for a medical device.

Continuing SFDA Regulation

We are subject to continuing regulation by the SFDA. In the event of significant modification to an approved medical device, its labeling or its assembly process, a new premarket approval or premarket approval supplement may be required. Our products are subject to, among others, the following regulations:

 

   

SFDA’s quality system regulations which require companies to create, implement and follow certain design, testing, control, documentation and other quality assurance procedures;

 

   

medical device reporting regulations, which require that companies report to the SFDA certain types of adverse reaction and other events involving their products; and

 

   

SFDA’s general prohibition against promoting products for unapproved uses.

Class II and III devices may also be subject to special controls applicable to them, such as supply purchase information, performance standards, quality inspection procedures and product testing devices which may not be required for Class I devices. We believe we are in compliance with the applicable SFDA guidelines, but we could be required to change our compliance activities or be subject to other special controls if the SFDA changes or modifies its existing regulations or adopts new requirements.

We are also subject to inspection and market surveillance by the SFDA to determine compliance with regulatory requirements. If the SFDA decides to enforce its regulations and rules, the agency can institute a wide variety of enforcement actions such as:

 

   

fines, injunctions and civil penalties;

 

   

recall or seizure of our products;

 

   

the imposition of operating restrictions, partial suspension or complete shutdown of assembly; and

 

   

criminal prosecution.

China Compulsory Certification Requirements

China Compulsory Certification, or CCC, inclusive of a certificate and a mark, serves as evidence that the covered products can be imported, marketed or used in China. The CCC mark is administered by the China National Certification and Accreditation Administration, which designates the China Quality Certification Center to process CCC mark applications. Some medical devices are required to have a CCC mark. We have received a certificate and a mark for each of our products for which a CCC mark is required.

Other National and Provincial Level Laws and Regulations in China

We are subject to evolving regulations under many other laws and regulations administered by governmental authorities at the national, provincial and city levels, some of which are, or may be, applicable to our business. Our hospital customers are also subject to a wide variety of laws and regulations that could affect the nature and scope of their relationships with us.

Laws regulating medical device manufacturers and hospitals cover a broad array of subjects. We must comply with numerous additional state and local laws relating to matters such as safe working conditions, environmental protection and fire hazard control. We believe we are currently in compliance with these laws and regulations in all material respects. We may be required to incur significant costs to comply with these laws and regulations in the future. Unanticipated changes in existing regulatory requirements or adoption of new requirements could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

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Restriction on Foreign Ownership

The principal regulation governing foreign ownership of software businesses in the PRC is the Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue, effective as of December 11, 2007 (the “Catalogue”). The Catalogue classifies the various industries into four categories: encouraged, permitted, restricted and prohibited. As confirmed by the government authorities, BDL is engaged in an encouraged industry. Such a designation offers businesses distinct advantages. For example, businesses engaged in encouraged industries:

 

   

are not subject to restrictions on foreign investment, and, as such, foreign can own a majority in Sino-foreign joint ventures or establish wholly-owned foreign enterprises in the PRC;

 

   

provided such company has total investment of less than $100 million, the company is subject to regional (not central) government examination and approval which are generally more efficient and less time-consuming; and

 

   

may import certain equipment while enjoying a tariff and import-stage value-added tax exemption.

The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Commerce periodically jointly revise the Foreign Investment Industrial Guidance Catalogue. As such, there is a possibility that our company’s business may fall outside the scope of the definition of an encouraged industry in the future. Should this occur, we would no longer benefit from such designation.

Regulation of Foreign Currency Exchange

The principal regulations governing foreign currency exchange in China are the Foreign Exchange Administration Regulations (1996), as amended, and the Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996). Under these regulations, Renminbi are freely convertible for current account items, including the distribution of dividends, interest payments, trade and service-related foreign exchange transactions, but not for most capital account items, such as direct investment, loan, repatriation of investment and investment in securities outside China, unless the prior approval of SAFE or its local counterparts is obtained. In addition, any loans to an operating subsidiary in China that is a foreign invested enterprise, cannot, in the aggregate, exceed the difference between its respective approved total investment amount and its respective approved registered capital amount. Furthermore, any foreign loan must be registered with SAFE or its local counterparts for the loan to be effective. Any increase in the amount of the total investment and registered capital must be approved by the PRC Ministry of Commerce or its local counterpart. We may not be able to obtain these government approvals or registrations on a timely basis, if at all, which could result in a delay in the process of making these loans.

The dividends paid by the subsidiary to its shareholder are deemed shareholder income and are taxable in China. Pursuant to the Administration Rules of the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange (1996), foreign-invested enterprises in China may purchase or remit foreign exchange, subject to a cap approved by SAFE, for settlement of current account transactions without the approval of SAFE. Foreign exchange transactions under the capital account are still subject to limitations and require approvals from, or registration with, SAFE and other relevant PRC governmental authorities.

 

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Regulation of Dividend Distribution

The principal regulations governing the distribution of dividends by foreign holding companies include the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (1986), as amended, and the Administrative Rules under the Foreign Investment Enterprise Law (2001).

Under these regulations, foreign investment enterprises in China may pay dividends only out of their retained profits, if any, determined in accordance with PRC accounting standards and regulations. In addition, foreign investment enterprises in China are required to allocate at least 10% of their respective retained profits each year, if any, to fund certain reserve funds unless these reserves have reached 50% of the registered capital of the enterprises. These reserves are not distributable as cash dividends.

Notice 75

On October 21, 2005, SAFE issued Notice 75, which became effective as of November 1, 2005. According to Notice 75, prior registration with the local SAFE branch is required for PRC residents to establish or to control an offshore company for the purposes of financing that offshore company with assets or equity interests in an onshore enterprise located in the PRC. An amendment to registration or filing with the local SAFE branch by such PRC resident is also required for the injection of equity interests or assets of an onshore enterprise in the offshore company or overseas funds raised by such offshore company, or any other material change involving a change in the capital of the offshore company.

Moreover, Notice 75 applies retroactively. As a result, PRC residents who have established or acquired control of offshore companies that have made onshore investments in the PRC in the past are required to complete the relevant registration procedures with the local SAFE branch. Under the relevant rules, failure to comply with the registration procedures set forth in Notice 75 may result in restrictions being imposed on the foreign exchange activities of the relevant onshore company, including the increase of its registered capital, the payment of dividends and other distributions to its offshore parent or affiliate and capital inflow from the offshore entity, and may also subject relevant PRC residents to penalties under PRC foreign exchange administration regulations.

PRC residents who control our company are required to register with SAFE in connection with their investments in us. Such individuals completed this registration in 2007, and 2008, as amended. If we use our equity interest to purchase the assets or equity interest of a PRC company owned by PRC residents in the future, such PRC residents will be subject to the registration procedures described in Notice 75.

Trademark Rights

The PRC Trademark Law, adopted in 1982 and revised in 2001, with its implementation rules adopted in 2002, protects registered trademarks. The Trademark Office of the State Administration of Industry and Commerce (“SAIC”), handles trademark registrations and grants trademark registrations for a term of ten years.

Taxation

The following sets forth the material British Virgin Islands, Chinese and U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our common shares. It is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change. This discussion does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our common shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws. To the extent that the discussion relates to matters of British Virgin Islands tax law, it represents the opinion of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., our British Virgin Islands counsel.

 

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Income Tax

Under the BVI Act as currently in effect, a holder of common shares who is not a resident of the British Virgin Islands is exempt from British Virgin Islands income tax on dividends paid with respect to the common shares and all holders of common shares are not liable to the British Virgin Islands for income tax on gains realized during that year on sale or disposal of such shares. The British Virgin Islands does not impose a withholding tax on dividends paid by a company incorporated or re-registered under the BVI Act. There are no capital gains, gift or inheritance taxes levied by the British Virgin Islands on companies incorporated or re-registered under the BVI Act. In addition, shares of companies incorporated or re-registered under the BVI Act are not subject to transfer taxes, stamp duties or similar charges. There is no income tax treaty or convention currently in effect between the United States and the British Virgin Islands or between China and the British Virgin Islands.

PRC enterprise income tax is calculated based on taxable income determined under PRC accounting principles. According to the Foreign-invested Enterprises and Foreign Enterprises Income Tax Law (the “FIE Income Tax Law”) and the related implementing rules, both of which issued in 1991, foreign-invested enterprises established in China are generally subject to an income tax rate of 33% (consisting of 30% enterprise income tax and 3% local income tax). The FIE Income Tax Law and the related implementing rules provide certain favorable tax treatments to qualified foreign invested enterprises.

Under the EIT Law, a unified enterprise income tax rate of 25% and unified tax deduction standards will be applied equally to both domestic-invested enterprises and foreign-invested enterprises. Enterprises established prior to March 16, 2007 eligible for preferential tax treatment in accordance with the currently prevailing tax laws and administrative regulations shall, under the regulations of the State Council, gradually become subject to the EIT Law rate over a five-year transition period starting from the date of effectiveness of the EIT Law. The details of the transitional arrangement for the five-year period from January 1, 2008 to December 31, 2012 applicable to enterprises approved for establishment prior to March 16, 2007, such as our company, were adopted in January 2008.

Furthermore, under the EIT Law, an enterprise established outside of the PRC with “de facto management bodies” within the PRC is considered a resident enterprise and will normally be subject to the enterprise income tax at the rate of 25% on its global income. If the PRC tax authorities subsequently determine that we or any of our non-PRC subsidiaries should be classified as a PRC resident enterprise, then such entity’s global income will be subject to PRC income tax at a tax rate of 25%. In addition, under the EIT Law, payments from BDL to us may be subject to a withholding tax. The EIT Law currently provides for a withholding tax rate of 20%. We are actively monitoring the proposed withholding tax and are evaluating appropriate organizational changes to minimize the corresponding tax impact.

Value Added Tax

Pursuant to the Provisional Regulation of China on Value Added Tax and its implementing rules, issued in December 1993, all entities and individuals that are engaged in the businesses of sales of goods, provision of repair and placement services and importation of goods into China are generally subject to a VAT at a rate of 17% (with the exception of certain goods which are subject to a rate of 13%) of the gross sales proceeds received, less any VAT already paid or borne by the taxpayer on the goods or services purchased by it and utilized in the production of goods or provisions of services that have generated the gross sales proceeds.

Business Tax

Companies in China are generally subject to business tax and related surcharges by various local tax authorities at rates ranging from 3% to 20% on revenue generated from providing services and revenue generated from the transfer of intangibles.

 

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Regulations on Offshore Parent Holding Companies’

Direct Investment in and Loans to Their PRC Subsidiaries

An offshore company may invest equity in a PRC company, which will become the PRC subsidiary of the offshore holding company after investment. Such equity investment is subject to a series of laws and regulations generally applicable to any foreign-invested enterprise in China, which include the Wholly Foreign Owned Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign Equity Joint Venture Enterprise Law, the Sino-foreign Contractual Joint Venture Enterprise Law, all as amended from time to time, and their respective implementing rules; the Tentative Provisions on the Foreign Exchange Registration Administration of Foreign-Invested Enterprise; and the Notice on Certain Matters Relating to the Change of Registered Capital of Foreign-Invested Enterprises.

Under the aforesaid laws and regulations, the increase of the registered capital of a foreign-invested enterprise is subject to the prior approval by the original approval authority of its establishment. In addition, the increase of registered capital and total investment amount shall both be registered with SAIC and SAFE.

Shareholder loans made by offshore parent holding companies to their PRC subsidiaries are regarded as foreign debts in China for regulatory purpose, which is subject to a number of PRC laws and regulations, including the PRC Foreign Exchange Administration Regulations, the Interim Measures on Administration on Foreign Debts, the Tentative Provisions on the Statistics Monitoring of Foreign Debts and its implementation rules, and the Administration Rules on the Settlement, Sale and Payment of Foreign Exchange.

Under these regulations, the shareholder loans made by offshore parent holding companies to their PRC subsidiaries shall be registered with SAFE. Furthermore, the total amount of foreign debts that can be borrowed by such PRC subsidiaries, including any shareholder loans, shall not exceed the difference between the total investment amount and the registered capital amount of the PRC subsidiaries, both of which are subject to the governmental approval.

MANAGEMENT

Executive Officers and Directors

The following table sets forth our executive officers and directors, their ages and the positions held by them:

 

Name

   Age   

Position

   Appointed

Ping Chen (1)(2)

   46    Chief Executive Officer and Chairman and Director    2003

Zheng (Rita) Liu (1)(3)

   37    Chief Financial Officer and Director    2003

Weibing Yang (1)

   43    Vice President of Sales and Marketing    2003

Yong Wang (1)

   38    Vice President of Research and Development    2003

Yunxiang (Phil) Fan (1)(3)(4)(5)(6)

   43    Independent Director    2009

Jimin (Peter) Zhuo (1)(4)(5)(6)(7)

   37    Independent Director    2009

Bin Qiu (1)(4)(5)(6)(7)

   40    Independent Director    2009

 

(1)

The individual’s business address is c/o BDL, 1223 Epoch Center, No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089 People’s Republic of China.

(2)

Class III director whose term expires in 2012.

(3)

Class II director whose term expires in 2011.

(4)

Member of audit committee.

(5)

Member of compensation committee.

(6)

Member of nominating committee.

(7)

Class I director whose term expires in 2010.

 

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Ping Chen. Mr. Chen is our Chief Executive Officer. Prior to his service as our Chief Executive Officer, from 1993-2000, Mr. Chen served as the CEO of Beijing Chengcheng Medical Electronic Equipment Co. Prior to 1993, Mr. Chen served as an engineer at the No. 2 Academy, Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics from 1987 to 1991 and moved up to the Head of the Civilian Products Division there from 1991-1993. Mr. Chen founded BTL in 2001 and has served as CEO since that time. Mr. Chen received his bachelor’s degree in 1984 from the National University of Defense Technology and his master’s degree in 1987 from the Ministry of Aeronautics and Astronautics.

Zheng (Rita) Liu. Ms. Liu is our Chief Financial Officer. She has served in this role since 2003. She is a Professional National Accountant of National Institute Accountants, Member of Chartered Institute of Management Accountant and Institute Financial Accountants. In the past, Ms. Liu served as the Finance Manager for Lehman Brown Investment Consulting (China) Co. and Bro-rad Laboratory Instruments (China) Co., Ltd. Ms Liu received her bachelor’s degree from the Renmin University of China and Master’s degree in Business Administration from Peking University.

Weibing Yang. Dr. Yang is our Vice President of Sales and Marketing. Prior to becoming our VP of Sales and Marketing in 2003, Dr. Yang served us as a Sales Director. Prior to joining our company as a Sales Director, Dr. Yang served as a Product Manager for AMTRONIX Inc. from 1996-1997. From 1993-1996, Dr. Yang served as a sales manager for Planmeca Medical Equipment Co. Dr. Yang also served as a doctor in the Beijing Ship Hospital from 1989-1992. Dr. Yang graduated from the Medical School at SooChow University in 1989.

Yong Wang. Mr. Wang is our Vice President of Research and Development. Mr. Yang served as a Control Engineer at the Engineering Institution of Beijing from 1994-1997. Mr. Yang then served as the Vice General Manager and Chief Engineer for the Beijing Sinoeverlife Medical Technology Co., Ltd., from 1997-2003. Mr. Yang received his bachelor’s degree in 1994 from Tianjin University.

Yunxiang (Phil) Fan . Mr. Fan is a director of our company. In 2003, Mr. Fan co-founded Tri-Tech Holding Inc., a company operating in the water pollution remediation, software and engineering industry in China (“Tri-Tech”). He currently serves as the President and a director of Tri-Tech. Prior to founding Tri-Tech, Mr. Fan provided technical, engineering and management services in several U.S. engineering firms, including Black and Beatch, Parsons Brinckerhoff, Inc., and Chastain-Skillman, Inc. From 2003 through 2005, Mr. Fan was the Asia Regional Sales Manager for Met-Pro Corporation. Mr. Fan earned his bachelor’s and master’s degrees in environmental engineering from Hunan University and a master’s degree in civil engineering from Louisiana State University. Mr. Fan has been a registered professional engineer in the United States since 2001.

Ji Min (Peter) Zhuo . Mr. Zhuo has over 15 years of financial and accounting work experience. From June 2007 through present, Mr. Zhuo has served as vice president and chief accounting officer of Vanceinfo Technology Limited, a China-based IT outsourcing company listed on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE Arca: VIT). From 2005 to 2006, he was chief financial officer of Ebis Company Limited, a China based IT service company. From 2004 to 2005, Mr. Zhuo worked as a controller at Morgan Stanley Properties (China) Co. Ltd. From 1994 to 2004, Mr. Zhuo was an auditor with Arthur Andersen Beijing and Sydney office, and PriceWaterhouseCoopers Beijing office. He is a China Certified Public Accountant and also passed China Bar examination and U.S CPA examination. He obtained bachelor degree with major in international accounting from Central University of Finance & Economic in China, and Master of Law (L.L.M) from University of Southern California, Gould School of Law.

Bin Qiu . Mr. Qiu has more than 17 years of experience in medicine and homecare medical devices. From May 2002 through present, he has served as a director and CEO of Beijing Dawn Aerospace Bio-Tech Co., Ltd., a Bio-Pharmacy and healthcare food R&D, manufacturing and distribution company. Before this, he was CEO of Shandong Fushan Dongsheng Industry Co., Ltd from May 2001 to April 2002. From 1998 to 2001, he was VP of Shanxi Fushan Medicine Co., Ltd. From 1995 to 1998, he was a department manager of Shandong SanZhu Industry Co., Ltd, a healthcare medicine and food company in China. Mr. Qiu earned his bachelor’s degree from Shandong Chinese Medicine University.

 

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Executive Compensation

Summary Compensation Table

The following table shows the annual compensation paid by us for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2008 to Ping Chen, our principal executive officer. His employment agreement commenced on January 1, 2009 and is scheduled to expire on December 31, 2009, subject to extension with mutual agreement of Mr. Chen and our company. No officer had a salary during either of the previous two years of more than $100,000.

 

Name and principal position

   Year    Salary    Bonus    All Other
Compensation
   Total Paid

Ping Chen

   2008    $ 27,000    $ 0    $ 0    $ 27,000

Chief Executive Officer

   2007    $ 27,000    $ 0    $ 0    $ 27,000

Employment Agreements

Under Chinese law, we may only terminate employment agreements without cause and without penalty by providing notice of non-renewal one month prior to the date on which the employment agreement is scheduled to expire. If we fail to provide this notice or if we wish to terminate an employment agreement in the absence of cause, then we are obligated to pay the employee one month’s salary for each year we have employed the employee. We are, however, permitted to terminate an employee for cause without penalty to our company, where the employee has committed a crime or the employee’s actions or inactions have resulted in a material adverse effect to us.

Our employment agreements with our executive officers generally provide for a term of three (3) years and a salary to be paid monthly. The agreements also provide that executive officers are to work an average of forty hours per week and are entitled to all legal holidays as well as other paid leave in accordance with PRC laws and regulations and our internal work policies. Under such agreements, our executive officers can be terminated for cause without further compensation. The employment agreements also provide that we will pay for all mandatory social security programs for our executive officers in accordance with PRC regulations. During the agreement and for one (1) year afterward, our executive officers are subject to keep trade secrets confidential.

Share Option Pool

We intend to establish a pool for share options for our employees following the completion of this offering. This pool will contain options to purchase our common shares equal to ten percent (10%) of the number of common shares outstanding at the conclusion of this offering, not including any shares underlying placement agent warrants. This pool will contain options to purchase up to 450,000 of our common shares subject to outstanding share options or reserved for issuance under our share incentive plan, assuming a maximum offering. The options will vest at a rate of 20% per year for five years and have a per share exercise price equal to the fair market value of one of our common shares on the date of grant. Other than those granted under this pool, we will not grant any shares or options to our employees prior to the second anniversary of the closing of this offering. We expect to grant options under this pool to certain employees as of the closing of this offering. Any options granted as of the closing of this offering will have an exercise price per common share equal to the offering price. We have not yet determined the recipients of any such grants.

 

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Board of Directors and Board Committees

Composition of Board

Our board of directors currently consists of 5 directors. We expect that all current directors will continue to serve after this offering. There are no family relationships between any of our executive officers and directors.

The directors will be divided into three classes, as nearly equal in number as the then total number of directors permits. Class I directors shall face re-election at our annual general meeting of shareholders in 2010 and every three years thereafter. Class II directors shall face re-election at our annual general meeting of shareholders in 2011 and every three years thereafter. Class III directors shall face re-election at our annual general meeting of shareholders in 2012 and every three years thereafter.

If the number of directors changes, any increase or decrease will be apportioned among the classes so as to maintain the number of directors in each class as nearly as possible. Any additional directors of a class elected to fill a vacancy resulting from an increase in such class will hold office for a term that coincides with the remaining term of that class. Decreases in the number of directors will not shorten the term of any incumbent director. These board provisions could make it more difficult for third parties to gain control of our company by making it difficult to replace members of the Board of Directors.

A director may vote in respect of any contract or transaction in which he is interested, provided, however that the nature of the interest of any director in any such contract or transaction shall be disclosed by him at or prior to its consideration and any vote on that matter. A general notice or disclosure to the directors or otherwise contained in the minutes of a meeting or a written resolution of the directors or any committee thereof of the nature of a director’s interest shall be sufficient disclosure and after such general notice it shall not be necessary to give special notice relating to any particular transaction. A director may be counted for a quorum upon a motion in respect of any contract or arrangement which he shall make with our company, or in which he is so interested and may vote on such motion.

There are no membership qualifications for directors. Further, there are no share ownership qualifications for directors unless so fixed by us in a general meeting.

The Board of Directors maintains a majority of independent directors who are deemed to be independent under the definition of independence provided by NASDAQ Stock Market Rule 4200(a)(15). Messers. Fan, Zhuo and Qiu are our independent directors.

There are no other arrangements or understandings pursuant to which our directors are selected or nominated.

Board Committees

Currently, three committees have been established under the board: the audit committee, the compensation committee and the nominating committee. The audit committee is responsible for overseeing the accounting and financial reporting processes of our company and audits of the financial statements of our company, including the appointment, compensation and oversight of the work of our independent auditors. The compensation committee of the board of directors reviews and makes recommendations to the board regarding our compensation policies for our officers and all forms of compensation, and also administers our incentive compensation plans and equity-based plans (but our board retains the authority to interpret those plans). The nominating committee of the board of directors is responsible for the assessment of the performance of the board, considering and making recommendations to the board with respect to the nominations or elections of directors and other governance issues.

 

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Board Observers

In connection with this offering, we have agreed to allow our placement agent to designate two non-voting observers to our Board of Directors until the earlier of the date that:

 

   

the investors that purchase common shares in this offering beneficially own less than ten percent (10%) of our outstanding common shares; or

 

   

the average closing price per common share equals or exceeds three (3) times the offering price for a period of 15 consecutive trading days.

Although our placement agent’s observers will not be able to vote, they may nevertheless significantly influence the outcome of matters submitted to the Board of Directors for approval. We have agreed to reimburse the observers for their expenses for attending our Board meetings, subject to a maximum reimbursement of $6,000 per meeting and $12,000 annually, which amount is not more than the reimbursement payable to our directors. The observers will be required to certify that such travel expenses are not reimbursed by any other party. We will also pay observers the same amount as our independent directors receive. As of the date of this prospectus, Mr. L. McCarthy Downs III and Mr. Ming Zhu are serving as our placement agent’s observers to our Board of Directors.

Duties of Directors

Under British Virgin Islands law, our directors have a duty to act honestly, in good faith and with a view to our best interests. Our directors also have a duty to exercise the care, diligence and skills that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. See “Description of Share Capital—Differences in Corporate Law” for additional information on our directors’ fiduciary duties under British Virgin Islands law. In fulfilling their duty of care to us, our directors must ensure compliance with our fourth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association. We have the right to seek damages if a duty owed by our directors is breached.

The functions and powers of our board of directors include, among others:

 

   

appointing officers and determining the term of office of the officers;

 

   

authorizing the payment of donations to religious, charitable, public or other bodies, clubs, funds or associations as deemed advisable;

 

   

exercising the borrowing powers of the company and mortgaging the property of the company;

 

   

executing cheques, promissory notes and other negotiable instruments on behalf of the company; and

 

   

maintaining or registering a register of mortgages, charges or other encumbrances of the company.

Interested Transactions

A director may vote, attend a board meeting or sign a document on our behalf with respect to any contract or transaction in which he or she is interested. A director must promptly disclose the interest to all other directors after becoming aware of the fact that he or she is interested in a transaction we have entered into or are to enter into. A general notice or disclosure to the board or otherwise contained in the minutes of a meeting or a written resolution of the board or any committee of the board that a director is a shareholder, director, officer or trustee of any specified firm or company and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction with such firm or company will be sufficient disclosure, and, after such general notice, it will not be necessary to give special notice relating to any particular transaction.

Remuneration and Borrowing

The directors may receive such remuneration as our board of directors may determine from time to time. Each director is entitled to be repaid or prepaid all traveling, hotel and incidental expenses reasonably incurred or expected to be incurred in attending meetings of our board of directors or committees of our board of directors or shareholder meetings or otherwise in connection with the discharge of his or her duties as a director. The compensation committee will assist the directors in reviewing and approving the compensation structure for the directors.

 

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Our board of directors may exercise all the powers of the company to borrow money and to mortgage or charge our undertakings and property or any part thereof, to issue debentures, debenture stock and other securities whenever money is borrowed or as security for any debt, liability or obligation of the company or of any third party.

Qualification

A director is not required to hold shares as a qualification to office.

Limitation on Liability and Other Indemnification Matters

British Virgin Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s memorandum and articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the British Virgin Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime.

Under our memorandum and articles of association, we may indemnify our directors, officers and liquidators against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with civil, criminal, administrative or investigative proceedings to which they are party or are threatened to be made a party by reason of their acting as our director, officer or liquidator. To be entitled to indemnification, these persons must have acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the company and, in the case of criminal proceedings, they must have had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted for our directors or officers under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.

Director Compensation

All directors hold office until the next annual meeting of shareholders at which their respective class of directors is re-elected and until their successors have been duly elected and qualified. There are no family relationships among our directors or executive officers. Officers are elected by and serve at the discretion of the Board of Directors. Employee directors do not receive any compensation for their services. Non-employee directors are entitled to receive $2,000 per meeting for serving as directors and may receive option grants from our company. In addition, non-employee directors are entitled to receive compensation for their actual travel expenses for each Board of Directors meeting attended, up to a maximum of $6,000 per meeting and $12,000 per year.

 

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Summary Director Compensation Table FY 2008

 

Name

   Director fees earned or
paid in cash
   Total (1)

Ping Chen (2)

   $ 0    $ 0

Zheng (Rita) Liu (2)

   $ 0    $ 0

Yunxiang (Phil) Fan (3)

   $ 0    $ 0

Jimin (Peter) Zhuo (3)

   $ 0    $ 0

Bin Qiu (3)

   $ 0    $ 0

 

(1)

None of the directors received any common share awards, option awards, nonqualified deferred compensation earnings or non-equity incentive plan compensation in fiscal year 2008.

(2)

Mr. Chen and Ms. Liu received payment in their capacity as officers of our company and/or subsidiaries/affiliates but did not receive any compensation for serving as directors of our company.

(3)

Messers. Fan, Zhuo and Qiu did not become directors until 2009 and did not receive any payment in 2008.

Limitation of Director and Officer Liability

Under British Virgin Islands law, each of our directors and officers, in performing his or her functions, is required to act honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests and exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonably prudent person would exercise in comparable circumstances. Our memorandum and articles of association provide that, to the fullest extent permitted by British Virgin Islands law or any other applicable laws, our directors will not be personally liable to us or our shareholders for any acts or omissions in the performance of their duties. Such limitation of liability does not affect the availability of equitable remedies such as injunctive relief or rescission. These provisions will not limit the liability of directors under United States federal securities laws.

We may indemnify any of our directors or anyone serving at our request as a director of another entity against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings. We may only indemnify a director if he or she acted honestly and in good faith with the view to our best interests and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the director had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. The decision of our board of directors as to whether the director acted honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests and as to whether the director had no reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful, is in the absence of fraud sufficient for the purposes of indemnification, unless a question of law is involved. The termination of any proceedings by any judgment, order, settlement, conviction or the entry of no plea does not, by itself, create a presumption that a director did not act honestly and in good faith and with a view to our best interests or that the director had reasonable cause to believe that his or her conduct was unlawful. If a director to be indemnified has been successful in defense of any proceedings referred to above, the director is entitled to be indemnified against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred by the director or officer in connection with the proceedings.

We may purchase and maintain insurance in relation to any of our directors or officers against any liability asserted against the directors or officers and incurred by the directors or officers in that capacity, whether or not we have or would have had the power to indemnify the directors or officers against the liability as provided in our fourth amended and restated memorandum and articles of association.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted for our directors or officers under the foregoing provisions, we have been informed that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable as a matter of United States law.

 

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RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Prior Related Party Transactions

Our chief executive officer and his spouse rent our principal executive office to our company. The current rental term will expire on December 31, 2009. Mr. Chen and his wife, who hold the property pursuant to a 70 year lease entered on January 4, 2009, have committed to rent the office to BDL for the next 2 years after expiration for a monthly rental rate of approximately $2,500 (¥17,000). We believe this rental rate is the market price based on our experience in the area; however, these terms cannot be considered negotiated at arms-length as we did not have independent directors at the time we entered into this relationship.

BTL, which holds the property pursuant to a 50 year lease entered on September 10, 2003, rents our product center to our company. The current rental term will expire on September 24, 2010. BTL has committed to rent the product center to BDL for the next 2 years after expiration without charge.

BDL will pay all utility fees for the above two properties. As noted above, both properties are held pursuant to long-term leases. Under Chinese law, land belongs to the PRC and use of such property is granted to individuals and entities pursuant to long-term leases. These leases are typically between 50 and 70 years, as is the case for these properties, and may be renewed upon expiration on terms to be negotiated at the time of renewal.

Any future extensions of or amendments to these arrangements will be approved by the Board of Directors, as described below in the subsection entitled “Future Related Party Transactions.”

Make-Good Shares Subject to Redemption

As described in more detail in the section entitled “Placement – Market and Pricing Consideration” our company had been valued on a forward-looking basis for purposes of this offering. We and our placement agent agreed to value our company at a multiple of approximately 6.6 times our projected 2010 audited net after-tax income. Based on the valuation of our company at approximately $24,000,000 using this methodology, our earnings per share would be approximately $0.80.

Valuing a company on a forward-looking basis is subject to a number of risks, including the possibility that the company will not achieve the projected income levels and that world markets may not maintain the same valuation for companies in general in the future. In order to mitigate some of this risk, certain key members of the management of our company have agreed to place, on a prorated basis, that number of common shares into escrow that is equal to 40% of the maximum number of shares to be sold in this offering. Upon closing of this offering, the escrow agent will return any shares in excess of 40% of the actual number of shares sold in the offering. Such escrowed shares are referred to as the “Make-Good Shares”). The Make-Good Shares will remain in escrow with SunTrust Bank pending the filing of our company’s Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2010.

To the extent our audited after-tax earnings per share for the year ending December 31, 2009 are less than $0.80, excluding any expenses associated with releasing the Make-Good Shares back to the original owners as described below, our company will redeem, pro rata, the Make-Good Shares without any additional consideration to the extent necessary to cause our audited after-tax earnings to be equal to $0.80. We cannot guarantee that we will be able to redeem a sufficient number of Make-Good Shares to increase audited after-tax earnings per share to $0.80 if our company either has low net income or any net losses in 2010. Any remaining Make-Good Shares will be released from escrow to Ping Chen, Zheng (Rita) Liu, Weibing Yang, Jian Sun and Yong Wang upon the earlier of (i) the termination of this offering without closing or (ii) the filing of the Form 10-K for the year ending December 31, 2010 after redeeming any Make-Good Shares. See “Risk Factors – A redemption of Make-Good Shares may be insufficient to cause our company to achieve projected earnings and may reduce our management’s involvement and stake in our company.”

 

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Because the Make-Good Shares have been escrowed as a condition of completing the initial public offering and will be released to the holders thereof without regard to such holders’ continued employment if Dehaier meets the foregoing criteria, we have determined that no compensatory arrangement exists. Accordingly, we account for the Make-Good Shares as an element of the overall transaction and we do not recognize any compensation expense upon the return of such Make-Good Shares to the holders. If our company does not meet the criteria for releasing the Make-Good Shares, then we will redeem the Make-Good Shares without payment, resulting in the reduction of Dehaier common shares outstanding.

Future Related Party Transactions

In the future, the nominating committee of our Board of Directors must approve all related party transactions. All material related party transactions will be made or entered into on terms that are no less favorable to use than can be obtained from unaffiliated third parties. Related party transactions that we have previously entered into were not approved by independent directors, as we had no independent directors at that time.

 

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PRINCIPAL SHAREHOLDERS

The following table sets forth information with respect to beneficial ownership of our common shares as of November 11, 2009 by:

 

   

Each person who is known by us to beneficially own more than 5% of our outstanding common shares;

 

   

Each of our directors and named executive officers; and

 

   

All directors and named executive officers as a group.

In addition, we have included the share ownership of each of the individuals subject to the Make-Good Share Escrow described above. See “Related Party Transactions – Make-Good Shares Subject to Redemption.” The below table assumes no redemption of any shares subject to such Make-Good Share Escrow.

The number and percentage of common shares beneficially owned before the offering are based on 3,000,000 common shares outstanding as of November 11, 2009. Information with respect to beneficial ownership has been furnished by each director, officer or beneficial owner of more than 5% of our common shares. Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and generally requires that such person have voting or investment power with respect to securities. In computing the number of common shares beneficially owned by a person listed below and the percentage ownership of such person, common shares underlying options, warrants or convertible securities held by each such person that are exercisable or convertible within 60 days of November 11, 2009 are deemed outstanding, but are not deemed outstanding for computing the percentage ownership of any other person. Except as otherwise indicated in the footnotes to this table, or as required by applicable community property laws, all persons listed have sole voting and investment power for all common shares shown as beneficially owned by them. Unless otherwise indicated in the footnotes, the address for each principal shareholder is in the care of BDL, 1223 Epoch Center, No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, People’s Republic of China. As of the date of the Prospectus, we had nine (9) shareholders of record.

 

Named Executive Officers and Directors

   Amount of
Beneficial
Ownership (1)
    Percentage
Ownership (2)
 

Ping Chen, Chief Executive Officer, Director

   1,104,742 (3)(4)     36.82

Zheng (Rita) Liu, Chief Financial Officer, Director

   96,452 (4)     3.22

Yunxiang (Phil) Fan, Director

   0          

Jimin (Peter) Zhuo, Director

   0          

Bin Qiu, Director

   0          

All officers and directors as a group (5 persons)

   1,201,194      40.04

Weibing Yang

   263,471 (4)     8.78

Jian Sun

   253,076 (4)     8.44

Yong Wang

   40,455 (4)     1.35

Chen Ping Ltd.

   1,104,742 (3)(4)     36.82

De-haier Investment Holdings Ltd.

   527,693      17.59

Yijen Chen

   624,113      20.80

 

* Less than 1%.
(1)

Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC and includes voting or investment power with respect to the common shares.

(2)

The number of our common shares outstanding used in calculating the percentage for each listed person excludes the common shares underlying options held by such person. In addition, the percentage ownership assumes the return to the shareholder of all shares subject to the Make-Good Escrow.

(3)

Ping Chen has the sole power to direct the voting of the 1,104,742 shares held by Chen Ping Ltd.

(4)

These shares are subject to the Make-Good Escrow.

 

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DESCRIPTION OF SHARE CAPITAL

We were incorporated as an international business company under the International Business Companies Act, 1984, in the British Virgin Islands on July 22, 2003 under the name “De-Haier Medical Systems Limited.” We changed our name to “Dehaier Medical Systems Limited” on June 3, 2005. As of the date of this prospectus, we have authorized 18,307,038 common shares, of $0.002731 par value.

The following are summaries of the material provisions of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association that will be in force at the time of the closing of this offering and the BVI Act, insofar as they relate to the material terms of our common shares. This summary is not complete, and you should read the form of our amended and restated memorandum and articles of association, which are filed as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part.

Common Shares

General

All of our issued common shares are fully paid and non-assessable. Certificates representing the common shares are issued in registered form. Our shareholders who are non-residents of the British Virgin Islands may freely hold and vote their common shares.

Distributions

The holders of our common shares are entitled to such dividends as may be declared by our board of directors subject to the BVI Act.

Voting rights

Any action required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting of the shareholders entitled to vote on such action and may not be effected by a resolution in writing. At each general meeting, each shareholder who is present in person or by proxy (or, in the case of a shareholder being a corporation, by its duly authorized representative) will have one vote for each common share which such shareholder holds.

Election of directors

Delaware law permits cumulative voting for the election of directors only if expressly authorized in the certificate of incorporation. The laws of the British Virgin Islands, however, do not specifically prohibit or restrict the creation of cumulative voting rights for the election of our directors. Cumulative voting is not a concept that is accepted as a common practice in the British Virgin Islands, and we have made no provisions in our memorandum and articles of association to allow cumulative voting for elections of directors.

Meetings

We must provide written notice of all meetings of shareholders, stating the time, place and, in the case of a special meeting of shareholders, the purpose or purposes thereof, at least 10 days before the date of the proposed meeting to those persons whose names appear as shareholders in the register of members on the date of the notice and are entitled to vote at the meeting. Our board of directors shall call a special meeting upon the written request of shareholders holding at least 30% of our outstanding voting shares. In addition, our board of directors may call a special meeting of shareholders on its own motion. A meeting of shareholders may be called on short notice: (a) if it is so agreed by shareholders holding not less than 90% of the common shares entitled to vote on the matters to be considered at the meeting, or 90% of the common shares of each class or series entitled to vote together as a class or series, together with not less than 90% of the remaining votes; or (b) if all shareholders holding common shares entitled to vote on the matters to be considered at the meeting have waived notice of the meeting, and presence at the meeting shall be deemed to constitute waiver for this purpose.

 

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At any meeting of shareholders, a quorum will be present if there are shareholders present in person or by proxy representing not less than 50% of the issued common shares entitled to vote on the resolutions to be considered at the meeting. Such quorum may be represented by only a single shareholder or proxy. If no quorum is present within two hours of the start time of the meeting, the meeting shall be dissolved if it was requested by shareholders. In any other case, the meeting shall be adjourned to the next business day, and if shareholders representing not less than one-third of the votes of the common shares or each class of shares entitled to vote on the matters to be considered at the meeting are present within one hour of the start time of the adjourned meeting, a quorum will be present. If not, the meeting will be dissolved. No business may be transacted at any general meeting unless a quorum is present at the commencement of business. If present, the chairman of our board of directors shall be the chairman presiding at any meeting of the shareholders.

A corporation that is a shareholder shall be deemed for the purpose of our memorandum and articles of association to be present in person if represented by its duly authorized representative. This duly authorized representative shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which he represents as that corporation could exercise if it were our individual shareholder.

Protection of minority shareholders

We would normally expect British Virgin Islands courts to follow English case law precedents, which permit a minority shareholder to commence a representative action, or derivative actions in our name, to challenge (1) an act which is ultra vires or illegal, (2) an act which constitutes a fraud against the minority by parties in control of us, (3) the act complained of constitutes an infringement of individual rights of shareholders, such as the right to vote and pre-emptive rights and (4) an irregularity in the passing of a resolution which requires a special or extraordinary majority of the shareholders.

Pre-emptive rights

There are no pre-emptive rights applicable to the issue by us of new common shares under either British Virgin Islands law or our memorandum and articles of association.

Transfer of common shares

Subject to the restrictions in our memorandum and articles of association, the lock-up agreements with our placement agent described in “Shares Eligible for Future Sale— Lock-Up Agreements” and applicable securities laws, any of our shareholders may transfer all or any of his or her common shares by written instrument of transfer signed by the transferor and containing the name and address of the transferee. Our board of directors may resolve by resolution to refuse or delay the registration of the transfer of any common share. If our board of directors resolves to refuse or delay any transfer, it shall specify the reasons for such refusal in the resolution. Our directors may not resolve or refuse or delay the transfer of a common share unless: (a) the person transferring the shares has failed to pay any amount due in respect of any of those shares; or (b) such refusal or delay is deemed necessary or advisable in our view or that of our legal counsel in order to avoid violation of, or in order to ensure compliance with, any applicable, corporate, securities and other laws and regulations.

Liquidation

If we are wound up and the assets available for distribution among our shareholders are more than sufficient to repay all amounts paid to us on account of the issue of shares immediately prior to the winding up, the excess shall be distributable pari passu among those shareholders in proportion to the amount paid up immediately prior to the winding up on the shares held by them, respectively. If we are wound up and the assets available for distribution among the shareholders as such are insufficient to

 

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repay the whole of the amounts paid to us on account of the issue of shares, those assets shall be distributed so that, to the greatest extent possible, the losses shall be borne by the shareholders in proportion to the amounts paid up immediately prior to the winding up on the shares held by them, respectively.

If we are wound up, the liquidator appointed by us may, in accordance with the BVI Act, divide among our shareholders in specie or kind the whole or any part of our assets (whether they shall consist of property of the same kind or not) and may, for such purpose, set such value as the liquidator deems fair upon any property to be divided and may determine how such division shall be carried out as between the shareholders or different classes of shareholders.

Calls on common shares and forfeiture of common shares

Our board of directors may from time to time make calls upon shareholders for any amounts unpaid on their common shares in a notice served to such shareholders at least 14 days prior to the specified time of payment. The common shares that have been called upon and remain unpaid are subject to forfeiture.

Redemption of common shares

Subject to the provisions of the BVI Act, we may issue shares on terms that are subject to redemption, at our option or at the option of the holders, on such terms and in such manner as may be determined by our memorandum and articles of association and subject to any applicable requirements imposed from time to time by, the BVI Act, the SEC, the NASDAQ Capital Market, or by any recognized stock exchange on which our securities are listed.

Modifications of rights

All or any of the special rights attached to any class of shares may, subject to the provisions of the BVI Act, be amended only pursuant to a resolution passed at a meeting by a majority of the votes cast by those entitled to vote at a meeting of the holders of the shares of that class.

Changes in the number of shares we are authorized to issue and those in issue

We may from time to time by resolution of our board of directors:

 

   

amend our memorandum of association to increase or decrease the maximum number of shares we are authorized to issue;

 

   

subject to our memorandum, divide our authorized and issued shares into a larger number of shares; and

 

   

subject to our memorandum, combine our authorized and issued shares into a smaller number of shares.

Untraceable shareholders

We are entitled to sell any shares of a shareholder who is untraceable, provided that:

 

   

all checks or warrants in respect of dividends of these shares, not being less than three in number, for any sums payable in cash to the holder of such shares have remained uncashed for a period of twelve years prior to the publication of the notice and during the three months referred to in the third bullet point below;

 

   

we have not during that time received any indication of the whereabouts or existence of the shareholder or person entitled to these shares by death, bankruptcy or operation of law; and

 

   

we have caused a notice to be published in newspapers in the manner stipulated by our memorandum and articles of association, giving notice of our intention to sell these shares, and a period of three months has elapsed since such notice.

 

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The net proceeds of any such sale shall belong to us, and when we receive these net proceeds we shall become indebted to the former shareholder for an amount equal to the net proceeds.

Inspection of books and records

Under British Virgin Islands Law, holders of our common shares are entitled, upon giving written notice to us, to inspect (i) our memorandum and articles of association, (ii) the register of members, (iii) the register of directors and (iv) minutes of meetings and resolutions of members, and to make copies and take extracts from the documents and records. However, our directors can refuse access if they are satisfied that to allow such access would be contrary to our interests. See “Where You Can Find Additional Information.”

Rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders

There are no limitations imposed by our memorandum and articles of association on the rights of non-resident or foreign shareholders to hold or exercise voting rights on our shares. In addition, there are no provisions in our memorandum and articles of association governing the ownership threshold above which shareholder ownership must be disclosed.

Issuance of additional common shares

Our memorandum and articles of association authorizes our board of directors to issue additional common shares from authorized but unissued shares, to the extent available, from time to time as our board of directors shall determine.

Differences in Corporate Law

The BVI Act and the laws of the British Virgin Islands affecting British Virgin Islands companies like us and our shareholders differ from laws applicable to U.S. corporations and their shareholders. Set forth below is a summary of the significant differences between the provisions of the laws of the British Virgin Islands applicable to us and the laws applicable to companies incorporated in the United States and their shareholders.

Mergers and similar arrangements

Under the laws of the British Virgin Islands, two or more companies may merge or consolidate in accordance with Section 170 of the BVI Act. A merger means the merging of two or more constituent companies into one of the constituent companies and a consolidation means the uniting of two or more constituent companies into a new company. In order to merge or consolidate, the directors of each constituent company must approve a written plan of merger or consolidation, which must be authorized by a resolution of shareholders.

While a director may vote on the plan of merger or consolidation even if he has a financial interest in the plan, the interested director must disclose the interest to all other directors of the company promptly upon becoming aware of the fact that he is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the company.

A transaction entered into by our company in respect of which a director is interested (including a merger or consolidation) is voidable by us unless the director’s interest was (a) disclosed to the board prior to the transaction or (b) the transaction is (i) between the director and the company and (ii) the transaction is in the ordinary course of the company’s business and on usual terms and conditions.

 

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Notwithstanding the above, a transaction entered into by the company is not voidable if the material facts of the interest are known to the shareholders and they approve or ratify it or the company received fair value for the transaction.

Shareholders not otherwise entitled to vote on the merger or consolidation may still acquire the right to vote if the plan of merger or consolidation contains any provision which, if proposed as an amendment to the memorandum or articles of association, would entitle them to vote as a class or series on the proposed amendment. In any event, all shareholders must be given a copy of the plan of merger or consolidation irrespective of whether they are entitled to vote at the meeting to approve the plan of merger or consolidation.

The shareholders of the constituent companies are not required to receive shares of the surviving or consolidated company but may receive debt obligations or other securities of the surviving or consolidated company, other assets, or a combination thereof. Further, some or all of the shares of a class or series may be converted into a kind of asset while the other shares of the same class or series may receive a different kind of asset. As such, not all the shares of a class or series must receive the same kind of consideration.

After the plan of merger or consolidation has been approved by the directors and authorized by a resolution of the shareholders, articles of merger or consolidation are executed by each company and filed with the Registrar of Corporate Affairs in the British Virgin Islands.

A shareholder may dissent from a mandatory redemption of his shares, an arrangement (if permitted by the court), a merger (unless the shareholder was a shareholder of the surviving company prior to the merger and continues to hold the same or similar shares after the merger) or a consolidation. A shareholder properly exercising his dissent rights is entitled to a cash payment equal to the fair value of his shares.

A shareholder dissenting from a merger or consolidation must object in writing to the merger or consolidation before the vote by the shareholders on the merger or consolidation, unless notice of the meeting was not given to the shareholder. If the merger or consolidation is approved by the shareholders, the company must give notice of this fact to each shareholder within 20 days who gave written objection. These shareholders then have 20 days to give to the company their written election in the form specified by the BVI Act to dissent from the merger or consolidation, provided that in the case of a merger, the 20 days starts when the plan of merger is delivered to the shareholder.

Upon giving notice of his election to dissent, a shareholder ceases to have any shareholder rights except the right to be paid the fair value of his shares. As such, the merger or consolidation may proceed in the ordinary course notwithstanding his dissent.

Within seven days of the later of the delivery of the notice of election to dissent and the effective date of the merger or consolidation, the company must make a written offer to each dissenting shareholder to purchase his shares at a specified price per share that the company determines to be the fair value of the shares. The company and the shareholder then have 30 days to agree upon the price. If the company and a shareholder fail to agree on the price within the 30 days, then the company and the shareholder shall, within 20 days immediately following the expiration of the 30-day period, each designate an appraiser and these two appraisers shall designate a third appraiser. These three appraisers shall fix the fair value of the shares as of the close of business on the day prior to the shareholders’ approval of the transaction without taking into account any change in value as a result of the transaction.

 

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Shareholders’ suits

There are both statutory and common law remedies available to our shareholders as a matter of British Virgin Islands law. These are summarized below:

Prejudiced members

A shareholder who considers that the affairs of the company have been, are being, or are likely to be, conducted in a manner that is, or any act or acts of the company have been, or are, likely to be oppressive, unfairly discriminatory or unfairly prejudicial to him in that capacity, can apply to the court under Section 184I of the BVI Act, inter alia, for an order that his shares be acquired, that he be provided compensation, that the Court regulate the future conduct of the company, or that any decision of the company which contravenes the BVI Act or our memorandum and articles of association be set aside.

Derivative actions

Section 184C of the BVI Act provides that a shareholder of a company may, with the leave of the Court, bring an action in the name of the company to redress any wrong done to it.

Just and equitable winding up

In addition to the statutory remedies outlined above, shareholders can also petition for the winding up of a company on the grounds that it is just and equitable for the court to so order. Save in exceptional circumstances, this remedy is only available where the company has been operated as a quasi partnership and trust and confidence between the partners has broken down.

Indemnification of directors and executive officers and limitation of liability

British Virgin Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any provision providing indemnification may be held by the British Virgin Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime.

Under our memorandum and articles of association, we indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings for any person who:

 

   

is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was our director; or

 

   

is or was, at our request, serving as a director or officer of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.

These indemnities only apply if the person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to our best interests and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the person had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

This standard of conduct is generally the same as permitted under the Delaware General Corporation Law for a Delaware corporation.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to our directors, officers or persons controlling us under the foregoing provisions, we have been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

Anti-takeover provisions in our memorandum and articles of association

Some provisions of our memorandum and articles of association may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of our company or management that shareholders may consider favorable, including provisions that provide for a staggered board of directors and prevent shareholders from taking an action by written consent in lieu of a meeting. However, under British Virgin Islands law, our directors may only exercise the rights and powers granted to them under our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and restated from time to time, as they believe in good faith to be in the best interests of our company.

 

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Directors’ fiduciary duties

Under Delaware corporate law, a director of a Delaware corporation has a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders. This duty has two components: the duty of care and the duty of loyalty. The duty of care requires that a director act in good faith, with the care that an ordinarily prudent person would exercise under similar circumstances. Under this duty, a director must inform himself of, and disclose to shareholders, all material information reasonably available regarding a significant transaction. The duty of loyalty requires that a director act in a manner he reasonably believes to be in the best interests of the corporation. He must not use his corporate position for personal gain or advantage. This duty prohibits self-dealing by a director and mandates that the best interest of the corporation and its shareholders take precedence over any interest possessed by a director, officer or controlling shareholder and not shared by the shareholders generally. In general, actions of a director are presumed to have been made on an informed basis, in good faith and in the honest belief that the action taken was in the best interests of the corporation. However, this presumption may be rebutted by evidence of a breach of one of the fiduciary duties. Should such evidence be presented concerning a transaction by a director, a director must prove the procedural fairness of the transaction and that the transaction was of fair value to the corporation.

Under British Virgin Islands law, our directors owe the company certain statutory and fiduciary duties including, among others, a duty to act honestly, in good faith, for a proper purpose and with a view to what the directors believe to be in the best interests of the company. Our directors are also required, when exercising powers or performing duties as a director, to exercise the care, diligence and skill that a reasonable director would exercise in comparable circumstances, taking into account without limitation, the nature of the company, the nature of the decision and the position of the director and the nature of the responsibilities undertaken. In the exercise of their powers, our directors must ensure neither they nor the company acts in a manner which contravenes the BVI Act or our memorandum and articles of association, as amended and re-stated from time to time. A shareholder has the right to seek damages for breaches of duties owed to us by our directors.

Shareholder action by written consent

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may eliminate the right of shareholders to act by written consent by amendment to its certificate of incorporation. British Virgin Islands law provides that shareholders may approve corporate matters by way of a written resolution without a meeting signed by or on behalf of shareholders sufficient to constitute the requisite majority of shareholders who would have been entitled to vote on such matter at a general meeting; provided that if the consent is less than unanimous, notice must be given to all non-consenting shareholders. However, our memorandum and articles of association do not permit shareholders to act by written consent.

Shareholder proposals

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a shareholder has the right to put any proposal before the annual meeting of shareholders, provided it complies with the notice provisions in the governing documents. A special meeting may be called by the board of directors or any other person authorized to do so in the governing documents, but shareholders may be precluded from calling special meetings. British Virgin Islands law and our memorandum and articles of association allow our shareholders holding not less than 30% of the votes of the outstanding voting shares to requisition a shareholders’ meeting. We are not obliged by law to call shareholders’ annual general meetings, but our memorandum and articles of association do permit the directors to call such a meeting. The location of any shareholders’ meeting can be determined by the board of directors and can be held anywhere in the world.

 

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Cumulative voting

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, cumulative voting for elections of directors is not permitted unless the corporation’s certificate of incorporation specifically provides for it. Cumulative voting potentially facilitates the representation of minority shareholders on a board of directors since it permits the minority shareholder to cast all the votes to which the shareholder is entitled on a single director, which increases the shareholder’s voting power with respect to electing such director. As permitted under British Virgin Islands law, our memorandum and articles of association do not provide for cumulative voting. As a result, our shareholders are not afforded any less protections or rights on this issue than shareholders of a Delaware corporation.

Removal of directors

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a director of a corporation with a classified board may be removed only for cause with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our memorandum and articles of association, directors can be removed from office, with cause, by a resolution of shareholders or by a resolution of directors passed at a meeting of directors called for the purpose of removing the director or for purposes including the removal of the director.

Transactions with interested shareholders

The Delaware General Corporation Law contains a business combination statute applicable to Delaware public corporations whereby, unless the corporation has specifically elected not to be governed by such statute by amendment to its certificate of incorporation, it is prohibited from engaging in certain business combinations with an “interested shareholder” for three years following the date that such person becomes an interested shareholder. An interested shareholder generally is a person or group who or which owns or owned 15% or more of the target’s outstanding voting shares within the past three years. This has the effect of limiting the ability of a potential acquirer to make a two-tiered bid for the target in which all shareholders would not be treated equally. The statute does not apply if, among other things, prior to the date on which such shareholder becomes an interested shareholder, the board of directors approves either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the person becoming an interested shareholder. This encourages any potential acquirer of a Delaware public corporation to negotiate the terms of any acquisition transaction with the target’s board of directors. British Virgin Islands law has no comparable statute. However, our memorandum and articles of association expressly provide for the same protection afforded by the Delaware business combination statute.

Dissolution; Winding Up

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, unless the board of directors approves the proposal to dissolve, dissolution must be approved by shareholders holding 100% of the total voting power of the corporation. Only if the dissolution is initiated by the board of directors may it be approved by a simple majority of the corporation’s outstanding shares. Delaware law allows a Delaware corporation to include in its certificate of incorporation a supermajority voting requirement in connection with dissolutions initiated by the board. Under the BVI Act and our memorandum and articles of association, we may appoint a voluntary liquidator by a resolution of the shareholders or by resolution of directors.

Variation of rights of shares

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation may vary the rights of a class of shares with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares of such class, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. Under our memorandum and articles of association, if at any time our shares are divided into different classes of shares, the rights attached to any class may only be varied, whether or not our company is in liquidation, by a resolution passed at a meeting by a majority of the votes cast by those entitled to vote at a meeting of the holders of the issued shares in that class.

 

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Amendment of governing documents

Under the Delaware General Corporation Law, a corporation’s governing documents may be amended with the approval of a majority of the outstanding shares entitled to vote, unless the certificate of incorporation provides otherwise. As permitted by British Virgin Islands law, our memorandum and articles of association may be amended by a resolution of shareholders and, subject to certain exceptions, by a resolution of directors. Any amendment is effective from the date it is registered at the Registry of Corporate Affairs in the British Virgin Islands.

British Virgin Islands Taxation

Under the present laws of the British Virgin Islands, there are no applicable taxes on the profits or income of the company. There are no taxes on profits or income, nor are there any capital gains tax, estate duty or inheritance tax applicable to any shares held by non-residents of the British Virgin Islands. In addition, there is no stamp duty or similar duty on the issuance, transfer or redemption of the shares. Dividends remitted to the holders of shares resident outside the British Virgin Islands will not be subject to withholding tax in the British Virgin Islands. Below is a brief summary of the current status of the applicability of the European Union Directive on the Taxation of Savings Income in the British Virgin Islands.

European Union Directive on the Taxation of Savings Income (Directive 2003/48/EC)

The European Union has formally adopted a new Directive, or EU Savings Tax Directive, regarding the taxation of savings income. From July 1 2005, Member States are required to provide to the tax authorities of another Member State details of payments of interest and other similar income paid by a person within its jurisdiction to or for an individual resident in that other Member State, except that Austria, Belgium and Luxembourg instead impose a withholding system for a transitional period (unless during such period they elect otherwise). The British Virgin Islands is not a member of the European Union and not within the European Union fiscal territory, but the Government of the United Kingdom requested that the Government of the British Virgin Islands voluntarily apply the provisions of the EU Savings Tax Directive. The Mutual Legal Assistance (Tax Matters) (Amendment) Act (the “Act”) introduces a withholding tax system in respect of payments of interest, or other similar income, made to an individual beneficial owner resident in an EU Member State by a paying agent situated in the British Virgin Islands. The withholding tax system will apply for a transitional period prior to the implementation of a system of automatic communication to EU Member States of information regarding such payments. During this transitional period, such an individual beneficial owner resident in an EU Member State will be entitled to request a paying agent not to withhold tax from such payments but instead to apply a system by which the details of such payments are communicated to the tax authorities of the EU Member State in which the beneficial owner is resident.

SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE

Prior to this offering, there has been no market for our common shares, and a liquid trading market for our common shares may not develop or be sustained after this offering. Future sales of substantial amounts of common shares, including common shares issued upon exercise of outstanding options and exercise of the warrants offered in this prospectus in the public market after this offering or the anticipation of those sales could adversely affect market prices prevailing from time to time and could impair our ability to raise capital through sales of our equity securities.

Upon the completion of the offering, we will have outstanding 4,500,000 common shares, assuming no exercise of outstanding options and the closing of the maximum offering. Of these common shares, the common shares sold in this offering will be freely tradable without restriction under the Securities Act unless purchased by our “affiliates” as that term is defined in Rule 144 under the Securities Act. The remaining approximately 3,000,000 common shares outstanding will be restricted shares held by existing shareholders that could be sold pursuant to Rule 144. We have not agreed to register these restricted shares. We have not issued any warrants to purchase our common shares or other securities convertible into our common shares.

 

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Rule 144

In general, under Rule 144 as currently in effect, beginning 90 days after the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is deemed to be an affiliate of our company at the time of sale, or at any time during the preceding three months, and who has beneficially owned restricted shares for at least six months, would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of our common shares that does not exceed the greater of 1% of the then outstanding common shares or the average weekly trading volume of common shares during the four calendar weeks preceding such sale. Sales under Rule 144 are subject to certain manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of current public information about our company. A person who has not been our affiliate at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned his or her common shares for at least six months, would be entitled under Rule 144 to sell such shares without regard to any manner of sale, notice provisions or volume limitations described above. Any such sales must comply with the public information provision of Rule 144 until our common shares have been held for one year.

Rule 701

Securities issued in reliance on Rule 701 are also restricted and may be sold by shareholders other than affiliates of our company subject only to manner of sale provisions of Rule 144 and by affiliates under Rule 144 without compliance with its six-month holding period requirement.

Registration on Form S-8

We intend to file a registration statement on Form S-8 under the Securities Act as soon as practicable after the closing of this offering to register up to 450,000 of our common shares subject to outstanding share options or reserved for issuance under our share incentive plan, such amount being equal to ten percent (10%) of the number of common shares issued and outstanding immediately after the closing of the offering, assuming a maximum offering. This registration will permit the resale of these common shares by nonaffiliates in the public market without restriction under the Securities Act, upon the completion of the lock-up period described below. Common shares registered pursuant to the Form S-8 held by affiliates will be subject to Rule 144 volume limitations. As of the date of this Prospectus, we have not issued any options to purchase our common shares.

Lock-Up Agreements

Each of our executive officers, directors and individuals who on the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part are the beneficial owners of more than 5% of our common shares, has agreed (a) not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of our common shares for a period expiring on the date that is 90 days after the closing of this offering (the “90 Day Period”), (b) not to sell more than 50% of their holdings in our company for a period beginning upon the expiration of the 90 Day Period and expiring on the date that is 190 days after the closing of this offering. Upon the expiration of these lock-up agreements, additional common shares will be available for sale in the public market.

These lock-up agreements apply to our common shares and to securities convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, or repayable with, our common shares. It also applies to our common shares owned now acquired later by the person executing the agreement or for which the person executing the agreement later acquires the power of disposition.

 

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TAXATION

The following sets forth the material British Virgin Islands, Chinese and U.S. federal income tax consequences of an investment in our common shares. It is based upon laws and relevant interpretations thereof in effect as of the date of this prospectus, all of which are subject to change. This discussion does not deal with all possible tax consequences relating to an investment in our common shares, such as the tax consequences under state, local and other tax laws. To the extent that the discussion relates to matters of British Virgin Islands tax law, it represents the opinion of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., our British Virgin Islands counsel.

British Virgin Islands Taxation

Under the BVI Act as currently in effect, a holder of common shares who is not a resident of the British Virgin Islands is exempt from British Virgin Islands income tax on dividends paid with respect to the common shares and all holders of common shares are not liable to the British Virgin Islands for income tax on gains realized during that year on sale or disposal of such shares. The British Virgin Islands does not impose a withholding tax on dividends paid by a company incorporated or re-registered under the BVI Act.

There are no capital gains, gift or inheritance taxes levied by the British Virgin Islands on companies incorporated or re-registered under the BVI Act. In addition, shares of companies incorporated or re-registered under the BVI Act are not subject to transfer taxes, stamp duties or similar charges.

There is no income tax treaty or convention currently in effect between the United States and the British Virgin Islands or between China and the British Virgin Islands.

People’s Republic of China Taxation

In 2007, the PRC National People’s Congress enacted the PRC Enterprise Income Tax Law and related implementation rules, or the EIT Law, which became effective on January 1, 2008. The EIT Law imposes a single uniform income tax rate of 25% on all Chinese enterprises, including foreign-invested enterprises, and levies a withholding tax rate of 10% on dividends payable by Chinese subsidiaries to their foreign shareholders unless any such foreign shareholders’ jurisdiction of incorporation has a tax treaty with China that provides for a different withholding agreement. Under the EIT Law, enterprises established outside China but deemed to have a “de facto management body” within the country may be considered “resident enterprises” for Chinese tax purposes and, therefore, may be subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 25% on their worldwide income. Pursuant to the implementation rules of the EIT Law, “de facto management bodies” have material and overall management control over the business, personnel, accounts and properties of the enterprise. At the present, the Chinese tax authority has not issued any guidance on the application of the EIT Law and its implementing rules on non-Chinese enterprise or group enterprise controlled entities. As a result, it is unclear what factors will be used by the Chinese tax authorities to determine whether we are a “de facto management organization” in China. However, as substantially all members of our management team are located in China, and may remain there in the future, we may be deemed a resident enterprise subject to an enterprise income tax rate of 25% on our worldwide income, with the possible exclusion of dividends received directly from another Chinese tax resident.

United States Federal Income Taxation

The following discussion describes the material U.S. federal income tax consequences to U.S. Holders (as defined below) under present law of an investment in our common shares. This summary applies only to U.S. Holders that hold common shares as capital assets and that have the U.S. dollar as their functional currency. This discussion is based on the tax laws of the United States in effect as of the date

 

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of this prospectus and on U.S. Treasury regulations in effect or, in some cases, proposed, as of the date of this prospectus, as well as judicial and administrative interpretations thereof available on or before such date. All of the foregoing authorities are subject to change, which change could apply retroactively and could affect the tax consequences described below.

WE URGE POTENTIAL PURCHASERS OF OUR SHARES TO CONSULT THEIR OWN TAX

ADVISORS CONCERNING THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND NON-U.S. TAX

CONSEQUENCES OF PURCHASING, OWNING AND DISPOSING OF OUR SHARES.

The following discussion does not address the tax consequences to any particular investor or to persons in special tax situations such as:

 

   

banks;

 

   

financial institutions;

 

   

insurance companies;

 

   

regulated investment companies;

 

   

real estate investment trusts;

 

   

broker-dealers;

 

   

traders that elect to mark-to-market;

 

   

U.S. expatriates;

 

   

tax-exempt entities;

 

   

persons liable for alternative minimum tax;

 

   

persons holding our common shares as part of a straddle, hedging, conversion or integrated transaction;

 

   

persons that actually or constructively own 10% or more of our voting shares;

 

   

persons who acquired our common shares pursuant to the exercise of any employee share option or otherwise as consideration; or

 

   

persons holding our common shares through partnerships or other pass-through entities.

Prospective purchasers are urged to consult their tax advisors about the application of the U.S. Federal tax rules to their particular circumstances as well as the state, local, foreign and other tax consequences to them of the purchase, ownership and disposition of our common shares.

The discussion below of the U.S. federal income tax consequences to “U.S. Holders” will apply to you if you are a beneficial owner of shares and you are, for U.S. federal income tax purposes,

 

   

an individual who is a citizen or resident of the United States;

 

   

a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) organized under the laws of the United States, any state thereof or the District of Columbia;

 

   

an estate whose income is subject to U.S. federal income taxation regardless of its source; or

 

   

a trust that (1) is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the United States and the control of one or more U.S. persons for all substantial decisions or (2) has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person.

Taxation of dividends and other distributions on our common shares

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, the gross amount of distributions made by us to you with respect to the common shares (including the amount of any taxes withheld therefrom) will generally be includable in your gross income as dividend income on the date of receipt by you, but only to the extent that the distribution is paid out of our current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles). The dividends will not be eligible for the dividends-received deduction allowed to corporations in respect of dividends received from other U.S. corporations.

With respect to non-corporate U.S. Holders, including individual U.S. Holders, for taxable years beginning before January 1, 2011, dividends will be taxed at the lower capital gains rate applicable to qualified

 

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dividend income, provided that (1) the common shares are readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States, or we are eligible for the benefits of an approved qualifying income tax treaty with the United States that includes an exchange of information program, (2) we are not a passive foreign investment company (as discussed below) for either our taxable year in which the dividend is paid or the preceding taxable year, and (3) certain holding period requirements are met. Under U.S. Internal Revenue Service authority, common shares are considered for purpose of clause (1) above to be readily tradable on an established securities market in the United States if they are listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market. You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the availability of the lower rate for dividends paid with respect to our common shares, including the effects of any change in law after the date of this prospectus.

Dividends will constitute foreign source income for foreign tax credit limitation purposes. If the dividends are taxed as qualified dividend income (as discussed above), the amount of the dividend taken into account for purposes of calculating the foreign tax credit limitation will be limited to the gross amount of the dividend, multiplied by the reduced rate divided by the highest rate of tax normally applicable to dividends. The limitation on foreign taxes eligible for credit is calculated separately with respect to specific classes of income. For this purpose, dividends distributed by us with respect to our common shares will constitute “passive category income” but could, in the case of certain U.S. Holders, constitute “general category income.”

To the extent that the amount of the distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles), it will be treated first as a tax-free return of your tax basis in your common shares, and to the extent the amount of the distribution exceeds your tax basis, the excess will be taxed as capital gain. We do not intend to calculate our earnings and profits under U.S. federal income tax principles. Therefore, a U.S. Holder should expect that a distribution will be treated as a dividend even if that distribution would otherwise be treated as a non-taxable return of capital or as capital gain under the rules described above.

Taxation of Dispositions of Common Shares

Subject to the passive foreign investment company rules discussed below, you will recognize taxable gain or loss on any sale, exchange or other taxable disposition of a share equal to the difference between the amount realized (in U.S. dollars) for the share and your tax basis (in U.S. dollars) in the common shares. The gain or loss will be capital gain or loss. If you are a non-corporate U.S. Holder, including an individual U.S. Holder, who has held the common shares for more than one year, you will be eligible for reduced tax rates. The deductibility of capital losses is subject to limitations. Any such gain or loss that you recognize will generally be treated as United States source income or loss for foreign tax credit limitation purposes.

Passive Foreign Investment Company

Based on our current and anticipated operations and the composition of our assets, we do not expect to be a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes for our current taxable year ending December 31, 2008. Our actual PFIC status for the current taxable year ending December 31, 2008 will not be determinable until the close of such taxable year and, accordingly, there is no guarantee that we will not be a PFIC for the current taxable year. Because PFIC status is a factual determination for each taxable year which cannot be made until the close of the taxable year. A non-U.S. corporation is considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either:

 

   

at least 75% of its gross income is passive income; or

 

   

at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to assets that produce or are held for the production of passive income (the “asset test”).

We will be treated as owning our proportionate share of the assets and earning our proportionate share of the income of any other corporation in which we own, directly or indirectly, at least 25% (by value) of the stock.

 

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We must make a separate determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC. As a result, our PFIC status may change. In particular, because the value of our assets for purposes of the asset test will generally be determined based on the market price of our common shares, our PFIC status will depend in large part on the market price of our common shares. Accordingly, fluctuations in the market price of the common shares may cause us to become a PFIC. In addition, the application of the PFIC rules is subject to uncertainty in several respects and the composition of our income and assets will be affected by how, and how quickly, we spend the cash we raise in this offering. If we are a PFIC for any year during which you hold common shares, we will continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which you hold common shares. However, if we cease to be a PFIC, you may avoid some of the adverse effects of the PFIC regime by making a “deemed sale” election with respect to the common shares.

If we are a PFIC for any taxable year during which you hold common shares, you will be subject to special tax rules with respect to any “excess distribution” that you receive and any gain you realize from a sale or other disposition (including a pledge) of the common shares, unless you make a “mark-to-market” election as discussed below. Distributions you receive in a taxable year that are greater than 125% of the average annual distributions you received during the shorter of the three preceding taxable years or your holding period for the common shares will be treated as an excess distribution. Under these special tax rules:

 

   

the excess distribution or gain will be allocated ratably over your holding period for the common shares;

 

   

the amount allocated to the current taxable year, and any taxable year prior to the first taxable year in which we were a PFIC, will be treated as ordinary income, and

 

   

the amount allocated to each other year will be subject to the highest tax rate in effect for that year and the interest charge generally applicable to underpayments of tax will be imposed on the resulting tax attributable to each such year.

The tax liability for amounts allocated to years prior to the year of disposition or “excess distribution” cannot be offset by any net operating losses for such years, and gains (but not losses) realized on the sale of the common shares cannot be treated as capital, even if you hold the common shares as capital assets.

A U.S. Holder of “marketable stock” (as defined below) in a PFIC may make a mark-to-market election for such stock to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. If you make a mark-to-market election for the common shares, you will include in income each year an amount equal to the excess, if any, of the fair market value of the common shares as of the close of your taxable year over your adjusted basis in such common shares. You are allowed a deduction for the excess, if any, of the adjusted basis of the common shares over their fair market value as of the close of the taxable year. However, deductions are allowable only to the extent of any net mark-to-market gains on the common shares included in your income for prior taxable years. Amounts included in your income under a mark-to-market election, as well as gain on the actual sale or other disposition of the common shares, are treated as ordinary income. Ordinary loss treatment also applies to the deductible portion of any mark-to-market loss on the common shares, as well as to any loss realized on the actual sale or disposition of the common shares, to the extent that the amount of such loss does not exceed the net mark-to-market gains previously included for such common shares. Your basis in the common shares will be adjusted to reflect any such income or loss amounts. If you make a valid mark-to-market election, the tax rules that apply to distributions by corporations which are not PFICs would apply to distributions by us, except that the lower applicable capital gains rate for qualified dividend income discussed above under “—Taxation of Dividends and Other Distributions on our Common shares” generally would not apply.

The mark-to-market election is available only for “marketable stock”, which is stock that is traded in other than de minimis quantities on at least 15 days during each calendar quarter (“regularly traded”) on a qualified exchange or other market (as defined in applicable U.S. Treasury regulations), including the NASDAQ Capital Market. If the common shares are regularly traded on the NASDAQ Capital Market and if you are a holder of common shares, the mark-to-market election would be available to you were we to be or become a PFIC.

 

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Alternatively, a U.S. Holder of stock in a PFIC may make a “qualified electing fund” election with respect to such PFIC to elect out of the tax treatment discussed above. A U.S. Holder who makes a valid qualified electing fund election with respect to a PFIC will generally include in gross income for a taxable year such holder’s pro rata share of the corporation’s earnings and profits for the taxable year. However, the qualified electing fund election is available only if such PFIC provides such U.S. Holder with certain information regarding its earnings and profits as required under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations. We do not currently intend to prepare or provide the information that would enable you to make a qualified electing fund election.

If you hold common shares in any year in which we are a PFIC, you will be required to file U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form 8621 regarding distributions received on the common shares and any gain realized on the disposition of the common shares.

You are urged to consult your tax advisors regarding the application of the PFIC rules to your investment in our common shares and the elections discussed above.

Information Reporting and Backup Withholding

Dividend payments with respect to our common shares and proceeds from the sale, exchange or redemption of our common shares may be subject to information reporting to the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and possible U.S. backup withholding at a current rate of 28%. Backup withholding will not apply, however, to a U.S. Holder who furnishes a correct taxpayer identification number and makes any other required certification on U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9 or who is otherwise exempt from backup withholding. U.S. Holders who are required to establish their exempt status generally must provide such certification on U.S. Internal Revenue Service Form W-9. U.S. Holders are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of the U.S. information reporting and backup withholding rules.

Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Amounts withheld as backup withholding may be credited against your U.S. federal income tax liability, and you may obtain a refund of any excess amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules by filing the appropriate claim for refund with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service and furnishing any required information.

ENFORCEABILITY OF CIVIL LIABILITIES

We are incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands with limited liability. We are incorporated in the British Virgin Islands because of certain benefits associated with being a British Virgin Islands corporation, such as political and economic stability, an effective judicial system, a favorable tax system, the absence of exchange control or currency restrictions and the availability of professional and support services. However, the British Virgin Islands has a less developed body of securities laws as compared to the United States and provides protections for investors to a significantly lesser extent. In addition, British Virgin Islands companies may not have standing to sue before the federal courts of the United States.

Substantially all of our assets are located outside the United States. In addition, a majority of our directors and officers are nationals and/or residents of countries other than the United States, and all or a substantial portion of such persons’ assets are located outside the United States. As a result, it may be difficult for investors to effect service of process within the United States upon us or such persons or to enforce against them or against us, judgments obtained in United States courts, including judgments predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof.

We have appointed CT Corporation System as our agent to receive service of process with respect to any action brought against us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York under the federal securities laws of the United States or of any State of the United States or any action brought against us in the Supreme Court of the State of New York in the County of New York under the securities laws of the State of New York.

 

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Beijing Kang Da Law Firm, our counsel as to Chinese law, has advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of China would (1) recognize or enforce judgments of United States courts obtained against us or such persons predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof, or (2) be competent to hear original actions brought in each respective jurisdiction, against us or such persons predicated upon the securities laws of the United States or any state thereof.

Beijing Kang Da Law Firm has advised us that the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments are provided for under the Chinese Civil Procedure Law. Chinese courts may recognize and enforce foreign judgments in accordance with the requirements of the Chinese Civil Procedure Law based either on treaties between China and the country where the judgment is made or in reciprocity between jurisdictions. China does not have any treaties or other agreements with the British Virgin Islands or the United States that provide for the reciprocal recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments. As a result, it is uncertain whether a Chinese court would enforce a judgment rendered by a court in either of these two jurisdictions.

We have been advised by Kaufman & Canoles, our counsel as to British Virgin Islands law, that the United States and the British Virgin Islands do not have a treaty providing for reciprocal recognition and enforcement of judgments of courts of the United States in civil and commercial matters and that a final judgment for the payment of money rendered by any general or state court in the United States based on civil liability, whether or not predicated solely upon the U.S. federal securities laws, would not be automatically enforceable in the British Virgin Islands. We have also been advised by Maples and Calder that a final and conclusive judgment obtained in U.S. federal or state courts under which a sum of money is payable as compensatory damages (i.e., not being a sum claimed by a revenue authority for taxes or other charges of a similar nature by a governmental authority, or in respect of a fine or penalty or multiple or punitive damages) may be the subject of an action on a debt in the court of the British Virgin Islands under the common law doctrine of obligation.

PLACEMENT

We have engaged Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated to conduct this offering on a “best efforts, minimum/maximum” basis. The offering is being made without a firm commitment by the placement agent, which has no obligation or commitment to purchase any of our shares. Although they have not formally committed to do so, our affiliates may opt to purchase shares in connection with this offering. To the extent such individuals invest, they will purchase our common shares with investment intent and without the intent to resell. Any shares purchased by our affiliates shall contribute to the calculation of whether we achieved our minimum offering. We have not placed limits on the number of shares eligible to be purchased by our affiliates.

Unless sooner withdrawn or canceled by either us or the placement agent, the offering will continue until the earlier of (i) a date mutually acceptable to us and our placement agent after which the minimum offering is sold or (ii) May 31, 2010 (the “Offering Termination Date”). The Placement Agent has agreed in accordance with the provisions of SEC Rule 15c2-4 to cause all funds received from the sale of the common shares to be promptly deposited in an escrow account maintained by SunTrust Bank, N.A. (the “Escrow Agent”) as escrow agent for the investors in the offering upon the receipt of funds by the Placement Agent by or before noon of the next business day following the sale of the common shares, i.e. the date of closing.

Investors must pay in full for all common shares at the time of investment. Payment for the common shares may be made (i) by check, bank draft or money order made payable to “SunTrust Bank” and delivered to the Placement Agent no less than four business days before the date of closing, or (ii) by

 

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authorization of withdrawal from securities accounts maintained with the Placement Agent. If payment is made by authorization of withdrawal from securities accounts, the funds authorized to be withdrawn from a securities account will continue to accrue interest, if any interest is to accrue on such amounts, at the contractual rates until closing or termination of the offering, but a hold will be placed on such funds, thereby making them unavailable to the purchaser until closing or termination of the offering. If a purchaser authorizes the Placement Agent to withdraw the amount of the purchase price from a securities account, such Placement Agent will do so as of the date of closing. The Placement Agents will inform prospective purchasers of the anticipated date of closing. If payment is made by check, investors should make all checks payable to the Escrow Agent.

Proceeds deposited in escrow with the Escrow Agent may not be withdrawn by investors prior to the earlier of the closing of the offering or the Offering Termination Date. If the offering is withdrawn or canceled or if the 1,250,000 share minimum offering is not reached and proceeds therefrom are not received by us on or prior to the Offering Termination Date, all proceeds will be promptly returned by the Escrow Agent without interest or deduction to the persons from which they are received (within one business day) in accordance with applicable securities laws.

Pursuant to that certain placement agreement by and between the placement agent and us, the obligations of the placement agent to solicit offers to purchase the shares and of investors solicited by the placement agent to purchase our common shares are subject to approval of certain legal matters by counsel to the placement agent. The placement agent’s ability to complete this “best efforts minimum/maximum” transaction is dependent upon the existence of stable U.S. trading markets. As such, the placement agent’s obligations under the placement agreement are also subject to various conditions which are customary in transactions of this type, including that, as of the closing of the offering, there shall not have occurred (i) a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities or the publication of quotations on the NASDAQ Stock Market (National Market System or Capital Market); (ii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities in the State of New York or China; (iii) the engagement by the United States or China in hostilities which have resulted in the declaration of a national emergency or war if any such event would have a material adverse effect, in the placement agent’s reasonable judgment, as to make it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the solicitation of offers to consummate the offering with respect to investors solicited by the placement agent on the terms and conditions contemplated herein.

We have agreed to indemnify the placement agent against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute to payments the placement agent may be required to make in respect of those liabilities.

The placement agent is offering the common shares, subject to prior sale, when, as and if issued to and accepted by it, subject to conditions contained in the placement agreement, such as the receipt by the placement agent of officers’ certificates and legal opinions. The placement agent reserves the right to withdraw, cancel or modify offers to the public and to reject orders in whole or in part. The placement agent intends to offer our common shares to its retail customers in states whereby we have qualified the issuance of such common shares.

In connection with this offering, the placement agent or certain of the securities dealers may distribute prospectuses electronically. No forms of prospectus other than printed prospectuses and electronically distributed prospectuses that are printable in Adobe PDF format will be used in connection with this offering.

Foreign Regulatory Restrictions on Purchase of our Shares

We have not taken any action to permit a public offering of our shares outside the United States or to permit the possession or distribution of this prospectus outside the United States. People outside the United States who come into possession of this prospectus must inform themselves about and observe any restrictions relating to this offering of our shares and the distribution of this prospectus outside the United States.

 

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Commissions and Discounts

The placement agent has advised us that it proposes to offer the common shares to the public at the initial public offering price on the cover page of this prospectus. The following table shows the public offering price, placement agent fee to be paid by us to the placement agent and the proceeds, before expenses, to us.

 

     Per Common share    Minimum Offering    Maximum Offering

Assumed public offering price

   $ 8.00    $ 10,000,000    $ 12,000,000

Placement discount

   $ 0.56    $ 700,000    $ 840,000

Proceeds to us, before expenses

   $ 7.44    $ 9,300,000    $ 11,160,000

We expect our total cash expenses for this offering to be approximately $500,000, exclusive of the above commissions. In addition, we will pay the placement agent a non-accountable expense allowance of up to 1% of the amount of the offering, or up to $120,000 (maximum offering, exclusive of shares registered under Rule 462(b)) or $100,000 (minimum offering). The placement agent must sell the minimum number of securities offered (1,250,000 common shares) if any are sold. The placement agent is required to use only its best efforts to sell the securities offered. The offering will terminate upon the earlier of: (i) a date mutually acceptable to us and our placement agent after which the minimum offering is sold or (ii) May 31, 2010. Until we sell at least 1,250,000 shares, all investor funds will be held in an escrow account at SunTrust Bank, Richmond, Virginia. If we do not sell at least 1,250,000 shares by May 31, 2010, all funds will be promptly returned to investors (within one business day) without interest or deduction.

Placement Agent’s Warrants

We have agreed to sell to the placement agent at a price of $0.001 per warrant, placement agent’s warrants to purchase 10% of the number of common shares issued by us in connection with the offering. We will issue between 125,000 and 150,000 placement agent’s warrants in connection with this offering, depending on the number of common shares sold in this offering. The placement agent’s warrants will be exercisable at 120% the offering price per common share for a period of five years. The placement agent’s warrants may not be sold, transferred, pledged, assigned or hypothecated for a period of 180 days after closing of this offering, except to officers or partners and shareholders of the placement agent. This restriction is imposed pursuant to the requirements of FINRA Rule 5110(g)(1).

For the life of the placement agent’s warrants, the holders thereof are given, at nominal costs, the opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of our common shares with a resulting dilution in the interest of other shareholders. Further, the holders may be expected to exercise the placement agent’s warrant at a time when we would, in all likelihood, be able to obtain equity capital on terms more favorable than those provided in the placement agent’s warrants.

Lock-Up Agreements

Each of our executive officers, directors and individuals who on the effective date of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part are the beneficial owners of more than 5% of our common shares, has agreed (a) not to sell or otherwise dispose of any of our common shares for a period expiring on the date that is 90 days after the closing of this offering (the “90 Day Period”), (b) not to sell more than 50% of their holdings in our company for a period beginning upon the expiration of the 90 Day Period and expiring on the date that is 190 days after the closing of this offering. Upon the expiration of these lock-up agreements, additional common shares will be available for sale in the public market. Specifically, our shareholders have agreed for such periods and as to such common shares, not to directly or indirectly:

 

   

offer, pledge, sell, contract to sell or otherwise dispose of any common shares;

 

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sell any option or contract to purchase any common shares;

 

   

purchase any option or contract to sell any common shares;

 

   

grant any option, right or warrant for the sale of any common shares, except pursuant to our share option plan;

 

   

lend or otherwise dispose of or transfer any common shares;

 

   

request or demand that we file a registration statement related to any of our common shares;

 

   

enter into any swap or other agreement that transfers, in whole or in part, the economic consequences of ownership of any common shares whether any such swap or transaction is to be settled by delivery of common shares or other securities, in cash or otherwise.

These lock-up agreements apply to our common shares and to securities convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, or repayable with, our common shares, which are held by such individuals as of the date of this prospectus.

Market and Pricing Considerations

There is not an established market for our common shares. We negotiated with our placement agent to determine the offering price of our common shares in this offering using a multiple of between 6 times our trailing after tax net income for the most recent four calendar quarters prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement of which this prospectus is a part. Noting past offerings completed by our placement agent, we believe that this multiple approximates the valuation multiples utilized in similar offerings for similarly-sized companies.

In addition to prevailing market conditions, the factors considered in determining the applicable multiples were:

 

   

The history of, and the prospects for, our company and the industry in which we compete;

 

   

An assessment of our management, its past and present operation, and the prospects for, and timing of, our future revenues;

 

   

The present state of our development; and

 

   

The factors listed above in relation to market values and various valuation measures of other companies engaged in activities similar to ours.

An active trading market for our common shares may not develop. It is possible that after this offering the common shares will not trade in the public market at or above the initial offering price.

Discretionary Shares

The placement agent will not sell any shares in this offering to accounts over which it exercises discretionary authority, without first receiving written consent from those accounts.

Listing on the NASDAQ Capital Market

We have applied to list our common shares on the NASDAQ Capital Market under the symbol “DHRM.” As this offering is a best-efforts offering, the NASDAQ Capital Market has indicated that it is unable to admit our common shares for listing until the completion of the offering and, consequently, the satisfaction of NASDAQ Capital Market listing standards. If so admitted, we expect our common shares to begin trading on the NASDAQ Capital Market on the day following the closing of this offering. If our common shares are eventually listed on the NASDAQ Capital Market, we will be subject to continued listing requirements and corporate governance standards. We expect these new rules and regulations to significantly increase our legal, accounting and financial compliance costs. We and our placement agent agree that we will not close this offering unless we satisfy the NASDAQ Capital Market’s listing standards and will be able to trade on the NASDAQ Capital Market; however, we have not yet received such admission and have no assurance that we will receive such admission.

 

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Price Stabilization, Short Positions and Penalty Bids

In order to facilitate the offering of the common shares, the placement agent may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the common shares. Specifically, the placement agent may sell more common shares than it is obligated to purchase under the placement agreement, creating a naked short position. The placement agent must close out a covered short sale by purchasing common shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the placement agent is concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the common shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in the offering. As an additional means of facilitating the offering, the placement agent may bid for, and purchase, common shares in the open market to stabilize the price of the common shares. These activities may raise or maintain the market price of the common shares above independent market levels or prevent or retard a decline in the market price of the common shares. The placement agent is not required to engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any time. We and the placement agent have agreed to indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.

LEGAL MATTERS

Certain matters as to Virginia law and U.S. federal law in connection with this offering will be passed upon for us and for the placement agent by Kaufman & Canoles, P.C. The validity of the shares and certain legal matters relating to the offering as to British Virgin Islands law will be passed upon for us by Kaufman & Canoles, P.C. Certain legal matters relating to the offering as to Chinese law will be passed upon for us by Beijing Kang Da Law Firm, People’s Republic of China. Kaufman  & Canoles, P.C. may rely upon Beijing Kang Da Law Firm with respect to matters governed by PRC law.

EXPERTS

Financial statements as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the years then ended appearing in this prospectus, have been included herein and in the registration statement in reliance upon the report of Friedman LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, appearing elsewhere herein, and upon the authority of that firm as experts in accounting and auditing.

INTERESTS OF EXPERTS AND COUNSEL

Attorneys with Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., representing our company with respect to this offering beneficially own 44,999 common shares of our company as of the date of this prospectus.

WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION

We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to our common shares offered by this prospectus. This prospectus does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and the exhibits to the registration statement. For further information regarding us and our common shares offered hereby, please refer to the registration statement and the exhibits filed as part of the registration statement.

In addition, we file periodic reports with the SEC, including quarterly reports and annual reports which include our audited financial statements. This registration statement, including exhibits thereto, and all of

 

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our periodic reports may be inspected without charge at the Public Reference Room maintained by the SEC at 100 F Street, NE, Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain copies of the registration statement, including the exhibits thereto, and all of our periodic reports after payment of the fees prescribed by the SEC. For additional information regarding the operation of the Public Reference Room, you may call the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a website which provides on-line access to reports and other information regarding registrants that file electronically with the SEC at the address: http://www.sec.gov.

EXPENSES RELATED TO THIS OFFERING

The estimated expenses payable by us in connection with this offering (other than the placement discounts and commissions) will be as follows. With the exception of the filing fees for the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission, FINRA and NASDAQ, all amounts are estimates.

 

U.S. Securities Exchange Commission registration fee

   $ 845

FINRA filing fee

   $ 2,013

NASDAQ listing fee

   $ 50,000

Legal fees and expenses for Chinese counsel

   $ 95,000

Legal fees and expenses for British Virgin Islands counsel

   $ 12,000

Legal fees and expenses for U.S. counsel

   $ 160,000

Accounting fees and expenses

   $ 150,000

Printing fees

   $ 25,000

Miscellaneous

   $ 5,142
      

Total

   $ 500,000

 

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DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

     PAGE

CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

  

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009 (unaudited)

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Years Ended December  31, 2008 and 2007, and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 (unaudited) and 2008 (unaudited)

   F-4

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Years Ended December  31, 2008, 2007, and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 (unaudited)

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Years Ended December  31, 2008 and 2007, and for the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2009 (unaudited) and 2008 (unaudited)

   F-6

Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-7

 

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LOGO

REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

To the Board of Directors and Shareholders

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and Affiliate as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated related statements of operations, cash flows and shareholders’ equity for the years then ended. Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and Affiliate management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the company’s internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and Affiliate as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the consolidated results of their operations and their cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.

/s/Friedman LLP

New York, New York

November 11, 2009

 

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DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

 

     December 31,    September 30,
     2008    2007    2009
     US$    US$    US$
(Unaudited)

ASSETS

        

CURRENT ASSETS:

        

Cash and cash equivalents

   282,603    1,143,352    937,970

Accounts receivable, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $141,926, $101,830 and $148,570

   5,416,702    3,170,103    6,059,480

Other receivables

   1,187,360    538,886    1,461,635

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

   1,798,887    726,073    1,300,742

Inventory

   1,575,228    2,277,110    2,625,682

Due from shareholders

   —      9,280    —  

Due from officer

   —      27,418    —  
              

Total current assets

   10,260,780    7,892,222    12,385,509

Property and equipment, net

   2,196,127    1,609,521    2,927,592

Intangible assets, net

   36,525    73,049    9,131

Tax receivable

   552,968    354,071    1,163,479
              

Total assets

   13,046,400    9,928,863    16,485,711
              

LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

        

CURRENT LIABILITIES:

        

Short-term borrowings

   1,465,740    1,233,792    1,464,920

Accounts payable

   74,320    48,894    79,855

Advances from customers

   230,394    159,540    59,695

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

   250,839    224,308    297,448

Taxes payable

   3,052,137    1,785,007    4,461,781

Warranty obligation

   158,065    98,964    199,727

Due to officer

   969    —      2,947
              

Total current liabilities

   5,232,464    3,550,505    6,566,373
              

Commitments and contingency

        

Shareholders’ equity

        

Preferred Stock Series A, $0.01 par value, 120,000 shares authorized, 120,000 shares issued and outstanding (liquidation value of $1,200,000)

   1,200    1,200    1,200

Preferred Stock Series B, $0.01 par value, 380,000 shares authorized, 182,635 shares issued and outstanding (liquidation value of $2,000,000)

   1,826    1,826    1,826

Common stock, $0.002731 par value, 16,476,300 shares authorized, 1,891,930 shares issued and outstanding *

   5,167    5,167    5,167

Additional paid-in capital

   3,196,974    3,196,974    3,196,974

Retained earnings

   2,624,771    1,706,751    4,696,547

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   778,766    398,581    774,531
              

Total Dehaier Medical Systems Limited shareholders’ equity

   6,608,704    5,310,499    8,676,245

Non-controlling interest

   1,205,232    1,067,859    1,243,093
              

Total shareholders’ equity

   7,813,936    6,378,358    9,919,338
              

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   13,046,400    9,928,863    16,485,711
              

 

* The change in par value of common shares pursuant to the stock split was retroactively adjusted.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

     For the years ended
December 31,
    For the nine months ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2007     2009     2008  
     US$     US$     US$     US$  
                 (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  

Revenue

   9,414,430      6,599,512      9,422,460      6,531,854   

Cost of revenues

   (5,931,087   (4,279,571   (5,688,352   (4,110,704
                        

Gross profit

   3,483,343      2,319,941      3,734,108      2,421,150   

General and administrative expense

   (1,326,406   (757,642   (787,784   (917,943

Selling expense

   (973,898   (880,863   (544,470   (785,132
                        

Operating income

   1,183,039      681,436      2,401,854      718,075   

Financial expense (including interest expense of $97,122 and $45,221, $67,704 and $65,022)

   (104,474   (43,953   (66,384   (71,029

Service income

   418,483      369,001      298,036      301,622   

Service expense

   (105,436   (79,815   (113,066   (115,674

Other income (expense)

   4,071      (4,600   —        3,306   
                        

Income before provision for income taxes and non-controlling interest

   1,395,683      922,069      2,520,440      836,300   

Provision for income taxes

   (415,332   (73,648   (410,162   (270,300
                        

Net income

   980,351      848,421      2,110,278      566,000   

Non-controlling interest in income

   (62,331   (53,214   (38,502   (44,437
                        

Net income attributable to Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

   918,020      795,207      2,071,776      521,563   
                        

Earnings per share

        

-Basic

   0.48      0.42      1.10      0.27   

-Diluted

   0.31      0.32      0.69      0.17   

Weighted average number of common shares used in computation

        

-Basic

   1,891,930      1,891,930      1,891,930      1,891,930   

-Diluted

   3,000,000      2,451,624      3,000,000      3,000,000   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

                                         Dehaier Medical Systems Limited                                         

 

   

 

 

Common stock

 

 

 

Preferred A

 

 

 

Preferred B

  Additional
paid-in
capital

US$
  Retained
earnings

US$
  Accumulated
other
comprehensive
income

US$
    Comprehensive
income

US$
    Non-controlling
interest

US$
    Total
US$
 
    Shares   US$   Shares   US$   Shares   US$            

Balance as of January 1, 2007

  1,891,930   5,167   120,000   1,200       1,198,800   911,544   102,714        946,293      3,165,718   

Shares issued

          182,635   1,826   1,998,174           2,000,000   

Foreign currency translation

                  295,867      295,867      68,352      364,219   

Net income

                795,207     795,207      53,214      848,421   
                           

Comprehensive income

                    1,091,074       
                                                       

Balance as of December 31, 2007

  1,891,930   5,167   120,000   1,200   182,635   1,826   3,196,974   1,706,751   398,581        1,067,859      6,378,358   

Foreign currency translation

                  380,185      380,185      75,042      455,227   

Net income

                918,020     918,020      62,331      980,351   
                           

Comprehensive income

                    1,298,205       
                                                       

Balance as of December 31, 2008

  1,891,930   5,167   120,000   1,200   182,635   1,826   3,196,974   2,624,771   778,766        1,205,232      7,813,936   

Foreign currency translation

                  (4,235   (4,235   (641   (4,876

Net income

                2,071,776     2,071,776      38,502      2,110,278   
                           

Comprehensive income

                    2,067,541       
                                                       

Balance as of September 30, 2009 (unaudited)

  1,891,930   5,167   120,000   1,200   182,635   1,826   3,196,974   4,696,547   774,531        1,243,093      9,919,338   
                                                   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

 

     For the years ended
December 31,
    For the nine months ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2007     2009     2008  
     US$     US$     US$     US$  
                 (Unaudited)     (Unaudited)  

Operating Activities

        

Net income

   980,351      848,421      2,110,278      566,000   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

        

Depreciation and amortization

   235,867      147,801      210,231      155,423   

Provision for (recovery of) doubtful accounts

   23,297      112,358      —        (18,765

Provision for (recovery of) warranty

   59,102      14,111      41,662      (3,907

Gain on sale of equipment

   (3,324   —        —        (3,306

Changes in assets and liabilities:

        

Increase in accounts receivable

   (2,269,896   (344,628   (642,778   (1,371,519

Decrease (increase) in prepayments and other current assets

   (1,072,813   (496,610   498,145      (117,116

Increase in other receivables

   (648,474   (119,052   (274,275   (691,451

Decrease (increase) in inventory

   701,882      (1,280,919   (1,050,453   (304,441

Increase in tax receivable

   (198,896   (352,981   (610,511   (205,295

(Decrease) increase in accounts payable

   25,425      (308,326   5,536      101,926   

(Decrease) increase in advances from customers

   70,854      (484,448   (170,699   55,054   

(Decrease) increase in accrued expenses and other current liabilities

   26,531      81,730      46,609      (18,830

Increase in tax payable

   1,267,130      525,598      1,409,645      878,075   
                        

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

   (802,964   (1,656,945   1,573,390      (978,152
                        

Investing Activities

        

Proceeds from sale of equipment

   33,102      —        —        32,929   

Capital expenditures and other additions

   (708,580   (510,871   (915,693   (668,027

Proceeds from (advances to) related parties

   37,667      (31,530   1,976      37,622   
                        

Net cash used in investing activities

   (637,811   (542,401   (913,717   (597,476
                        

Financing Activities

        

Proceeds from bank loans

   231,948      849,378      —        238,984   

Proceeds from issuance of Series B preferred shares

   —        2,000,000      —        —     
                        

Net cash provided by financing activities

   231,948      2,849,378      —        238,984   
                        

Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash and cash equivalents

   348,078      288,549      (4,306   394,095   
                        

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

   (860,749   938,581      655,367      (942,549

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period

   1,143,352      204,771      282,603      1,143,352   
                        

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period

   282,603      1,143,352      937,970      200,803   
                        

Supplemental cash flow information

        

Income tax paid

   3,765      130      3,745      12,824   

Interest paid

   97,122      45,221      67,704      65,022   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

1. ORGANIZATION AND PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited (“Dehaier”) was incorporated in the British Virgin Islands in 2003 as a limited liability company. Dehaier distributes and provides after-sale services for medical equipment in China mainly through its majority-owned subsidiary Beijing Dehaier Medical Technology Co. Limited (“BDL”) and its affiliate Beijing Dehaier Technology Limited (“BTL”). On October 23, 2003, Dehaier established a wholly-owned subsidiary in Hong Kong, De-haier Medical System (Hong Kong) Limited (“DHK”), (collectively, the “Company”). Both BDL and BTL were incorporated in the People’s Republic of China (“PRC”). The Company distributes branded, proprietary medical equipment, such as sleep apnea machines, patient monitors, air compressors, and oxygen generators; moreover, standard product registration, product certification and quality management system have been established in the Company. ISO13485 industry standard has also already been passed. It also has the distribution rights for a number of international medical equipment suppliers for products including anesthesia equipment, patient monitors, mobile C-arm X-ray machines and other medical equipment accessories.

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements of the Company are prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”).

Basis of Consolidation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Dehaier, BDL, its majority-owned subsidiary, and its wholly-owned subsidiary, DHK as well as BTL. All significant inter-company transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation.

BTL is considered a variable interest entity (“VIE”), and Dehaier is the primary beneficiary. Dehaier and BTL are under common control and the Company has provided substantial financial support to BTL.

The accounts of BTL are consolidated in the accompanying financial statements pursuant to Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810-10, “Consolidation”. As a VIE, BTL’s revenues are included in the Company’s total revenues, and its income from operations is consolidated with the Company’s. Because of the arrangements, the Company had a pecuniary interest in BTL that requires consolidation of the Company’s and BTL’s financial statements.

On January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the transition rules within ASC 810-10-65, regarding accounting and reporting standards for the non-controlling interest in a subsidiary.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the dates of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Estimates are adjusted to reflect actual experience when necessary. Significant accounting estimates reflected in the Company’s consolidated financial statements include revenue recognition, allowance for doubtful accounts, useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash on hand and highly liquid investments which are unrestricted as to withdrawal or use, and which have maturities of three months or less when purchased. The Company maintains uninsured cash and cash equivalents with various financial institutions mainly in the PRC and Hong Kong.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES-continued

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at net realizable value. Accounts receivable terms typically are net 60-180 days from the end of the month in which the services were provided. The company generally does not require collateral or other security to support accounts receivable. An allowance, if required, is based on a combination of historical experience, aging analysis, and an evaluation of the collectibility of specific accounts. Receivables are considered past due after 3 years and written off.

Advances to Suppliers and Advances from Customers

The Company, as is the common practice in the PRC, will often pay advance payments to suppliers for unassembled parts, or receive advance payments from customers. Advances to suppliers were $1,798,887, $675,108 and $1,300,742 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, respectively. Advances from customers were $230,394, $159,540 and $59,695 as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, respectively.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements for current assets and current liabilities approximate fair value due to the short-term nature of these financial instruments.

In 2008, the Company adopted ASC 820-10, “Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”, which establishes a single authoritative definition of fair value and a framework for measuring fair value and expands disclosure of fair value measurements for both financial and nonfinancial assets and liabilities. This standard defines fair value, provides guidance for measuring fair value and requires certain disclosures. This standard does not require any new fair value measurements, but discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flows) and the cost approach (cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). For purposes of ASC 820-10-15, nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities would include all assets and liabilities other than those meeting the definition of a financial asset or financial liability as defined in ASC 820-10-15-15-1A. Management elected the deferral option available for one year for nonfinancial assets and liabilities as permitted by ASC-820-10.

The Company decided not to elect the fair value option prescribed by Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) ASC-825-10 for its financial assets and liabilities.

Inventory

Inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market and consists of assembled and unassembled parts relating to medical devices. The Company reviews its inventory annually for possible obsolete goods and to determine if any reserves are necessary for potential obsolescence. At December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, no reserve for obsolescence is considered necessary.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are recorded at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization are calculated on a straight-line basis over the following estimated useful lives:

 

Leasehold improvements    Shorter of the useful lives or the lease term
Building and land use rights    20-40 years
Machinery and equipment    10-15 years
Furniture and office equipment    5 years
Motor vehicles    5 years

 

F-8


Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES-continued

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets consist primarily of purchased technology rights with finite lives and are stated at cost less accumulated amortization. Amortization is calculated on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of these assets of 6 to 10 years and recognized in cost of revenues.

The Company reviews intangible assets for impairment in accordance with the provisions of ASC 360-10, “Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets.”

There was no impairment of intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008. Although management believes the assumptions used in testing for impairment are reasonable, changes in any one of the assumptions could produce a significantly different result.

Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

The Company reviews its long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may no longer be recoverable. When these events occur, the Company measures impairment by comparing the carrying value of the long-lived assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and eventual disposition. If the sum of the expected future cash flows is less than the carrying amount of the asset, an impairment loss, equal to the excess of the carrying amount over the fair market value of the asset, is recognized. Management has determined no impairment exists at the balance sheet dates.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenues when all the followings conditions have been satisfied:

 

   

Persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists;

 

   

Delivery has occurred (e.g., an exchange has taken place);

 

   

The sales price is fixed or determinable; and,

 

   

Collectibility is reasonably assured.

All revenues are based on firm customer orders with fixed terms and conditions. The Company does not provide its customers with an unconditional right of return, price protection or cash rebates. For products which include software, and if the software is incidental to the product as a whole, the Company does not provide any significant post-sale customer support services and does not provide customers with upgrades.

Accordingly, revenues from the sale of product are recognized when the risk and rewards are passed to the customer.

In the PRC, value added tax (VAT) of 17% of the invoice amount is collected in respect of the sales of goods on behalf of tax authorities. The VAT collected is not revenue of the Company; instead, the amount is recorded as a liability on the balance sheet until such VAT is paid to the authorities.

Cost of Revenues

Cost of revenues primarily includes wages to assemble parts and the costs of unassembled parts, handling charges, and other expenses associated with the assembly and distribution of product.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES-continued

Foreign Currency Translation

The accounts of Dehaier, BDL, BTL and DHK are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates (the “functional currency”). Dehaier’s functional currency is US dollars (“$”) while BDL and BTL maintain their accounts in Renminbi (“RMB”) and DHK maintains its currency in Hong Kong dollars (“HKD”). The accompanying consolidated financial statements are presented in US dollars. Foreign currency transactions are translated into US dollars using fixed exchange rates in effect at the time of the transaction. Generally foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations. The foreign currency accounts of DHK, BDL and BTL are translated in accordance with ASC 830-10, “Foreign Currency Matters”. Assets and liabilities are translated at current exchange rates quoted by the People’s Bank of China at the balance sheet dates and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates in effect during the periods. Resulting translation adjustments are recorded as other comprehensive income (loss) and accumulated as a separate component of equity in non-controlling interest.

Warranty Costs

The Company provides for the estimated cost of product warranties at the time revenue is recognized. Warranty costs are included in general and administrative expenses. The Company’s warranty obligation is affected by product failure rates and material usage and service delivery costs incurred in correcting product failure. Should actual product failure rates, material usage or service delivery costs differ from the Company’s estimates, the Company may be required to revise its estimated product warranty liability. The term of the product warranty is generally twelve months. Provision for warranty costs was $158,065, $98,964 and $199,727 at December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, respectively. Warranty expense for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 was $150,382, $60,298, $83,588 and $72,801, respectively.

Research and Development Costs

Research and development costs relating to the development of new products and processes, including significant improvements and refinements to existing products, are expensed as incurred. Research and development costs were $87,660, $47,228, $50,671 and $36,989 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Shipping and Handling Expenses

Shipping and handling expenses of $68,135, $67,308, $49,591 and $36,711 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 were included in operating expenses in the consolidated statements of operations, respectively.

Advertising Costs

Advertising costs are expensed as incurred. Advertising costs were $52,677, $18,591, $42,758 and $51,130 for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

F-10


Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES-continued

Earnings Per Share

The Company follows the provisions of ASC 260-10, “Earnings Per Share”. Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to holders of common shares by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the years. Diluted earnings per share reflect the potential dilution that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common shares were exercised or converted into common shares. Convertible preferred shares are included in the computation of diluted earnings per share on an “if converted” basis, when the impact is dilutive.

The following table sets forth computation of basic and diluted weighted average share information:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
     2008    2007    2009    2008

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding

   1,891,930    1,891,930    1,891,930    1,891,930

Dilutive effect of convertible preferred shares

   1,108,070    559,694    1,108,070    1,108,070
                   

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding, assuming dilution

   3,000,000    2,451,624    3,000,000    3,000,000
                   

Value Added Tax

The Company reports revenues net of PRC’s value added tax for all the periods presented in the consolidated statements of operations.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

Income Taxes

The Company uses the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes in accordance with ASC 740-10, “Accounting for Income Taxes.” Under this method, income tax expense is recognized for the amount of: (i) taxes payable or refundable for the current year; and, (ii) deferred tax consequences of temporary differences resulting from matters that have been recognized in an entity’s financial statements or tax returns. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in the results of operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is provided to reduce the deferred tax assets reported if, based on the weight of available positive and negative evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and as of September 30, 2009, the Company did not record any deferred tax assets or liabilities.

ASC 740-10 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition of a tax position taken or expected to be taken on a tax return. Under ASC 740-10, a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position taken or expected to be taken may be recognized only if it is “more likely than not” that the position is sustainable upon examination, based on its technical merits. The tax benefit of a qualifying position under ASC 740-10 would equal the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50% likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority having full knowledge of all the relevant information. A liability (including interest and penalties, if applicable) is established in the financial statements to the extent a current benefit has been recognized on a tax return for matters that are considered contingent upon the outcome of an uncertain tax position. Related interest and penalties, if any, are included as components of income tax expense and income taxes payable. The Company is awaiting resolution of certain complex tax issues and has not yet filed its 2007 and 2008 Value Added Tax (“VAT”) tax returns for some of its customers. However, all the potential VAT liabilities on these VAT returns were accrued and included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

The implementation of ASC 740-10 resulted in no material liability for unrecognized tax benefits and no material change to the beginning retained earnings of the Company. As of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and September 30, 2009 the Company did not have a liability for any unrecognized tax benefits. The Company recognizes interest and penalties, if any, related to unrecognized tax benefits as income tax expense in the statement of operations. During the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008, the Company did not incur any interest or penalties.

Subsequent Events

The accompanying consolidated financial statements were approved by management and the board of directors and were issued on November 11, 2009. Management has evaluated subsequent events through this date.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES-continued

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, “The FASB Accounting Standards Codification and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles – a Replacement of FASB Statement No. 162”. The objective of this statement is to replace SFAS No. 162 and to establish the FASB Accounting Standards Codification as the source of the authoritative accounting principles recognized by the FASB to be applied by nongovernmental entities in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP. Rules and interpretive releases of the SEC under authority of federal securities laws are also sources of authoritative GAAP for SEC registrants. This statement shall be effective for financial statements issued for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. On the effective date of this statement, all then existing non-SEC accounting and reporting standards are superseded.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 167, an amendment to FASB Interpretation 46(R), “Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities.” The statement requires an entity to perform an analysis to determine whether the entity’s variable interest give it a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity by rationalizing characteristics that would give it power to direct the activities of a variable interest entity and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the variable interest entity. The statement is effective for years beginning after November 15, 2009 and is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 166, “Accounting for Transfers of Financial Assets”, an amendment to SFAS NO. 140, “Accounting for Transfers and Servicing of Financial Assets and Extinguishment of Liabilities.” The statement defines the term “participating interest” to establish specific conditions for reporting a transfer of financial assets as a sale and improves financial reporting by eliminating (a) the exception for qualifying special-purpose entities from consolidation guidance and (b) the exception that permitted sale accounting for certain mortgage securitizations when a transferor has not surrendered control over the transferred financial assets. The statement is effective for annual reports for years beginning after November 15, 2009 and is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

F-13


Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES-continued

Recently Issued Accounting Standards-continued

On October 7, 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2009-13, Revenue Recognition (Topic 605): Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements—a Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force. The amendments to FASB ASC 605-25, Revenue Recognition: Multiple-Element Arrangements, permit vendors to account for products and services separately rather than as a combined unit. Any vendor who enters into multiple-deliverable arrangements with customers that are covered by Subtopic 605-25 will be affected, the FASB said. As a result of the changes, multiple-deliverable arrangements will be separated in more circumstances than under existing guidance. With the changes to Subtopic 605-25, the FASB is eliminating the residual method of allocation and instead requiring entities to allocate the arrangement consolidation at the inception of the arrangement to all deliverables using the relative selling price method. Vendors will be required to determine their best estimate of the selling price consistently with the method they use to determine the selling price when the good or service is sold separately. The changes in ASU No. 2009-13 will be effective for revenue arrangements that begin or are changed in fiscal years that start June 15, 2010, or later. Entities that adopt the changes before then will have to apply them to their results from the beginning of their fiscal years. The adoption of this accounting standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

On August 26, 2009, the FASB issued Accounting Standard Update (ASU) 2009-05, Measuring Liabilities at Fair Value, to clarify how entities should estimate the fair value of liabilities under the FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures. The amendments in ASU 2009-05 reduce potential ambiguity in financial reporting when measuring the fair value of liabilities. Therefore, preparers, investors, and other users of financial statements will have a better understanding of how the fair value of liabilities was measured, helping to improve consistency in the application of Topic 820. The FASB issued ASU 2009-05 as a result of expressed concern that there may be a lack of observable market information to measure the fair value of a liability. For example, in the hypothetical transfer of an asset subject to a restriction there will be no observable data available to measure the liability because it is restricted from being transferred. This guidance is effective for the first reporting period (including interim periods) beginning after issuance. The adoption of this accounting standard is not expected to have a material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

3. OTHER RECEIVABLES

Other receivables consist of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   September 30,
2009
     US$    US$    US$

Due from suppliers

   251,697    220,547    351,581

Deposits for ongoing contracts

   874,260    215,694    1,029,114

Staff advance

   61,403    102,645    80,940
              
   1,187,360    538,886    1,461,635
              

4. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS

Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   September 30,
2009
     US$    US$    US$

Advances to suppliers

   505,140    285,918    139,815

Prepayment for equipment purchase

   1,293,747    389,190    1,160,927

Prepaid expenses

   —      50,965    —  
              
   1,798,887    726,073    1,300,742
              

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

5. PROPERTY AND EQUIPMENT, NET

Property and equipment consist of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
    December 31,
2007
    September 30,
2009
 
     US$     US$     US$  

Building

   1,227,641      1,144,019      1,215,473   

Land use rights

   284,940      266,500      284,780   

Machinery and equipment

   1,040,771      365,642      1,947,659   

Automobiles

   56,428      90,805      56,148   

Office and computer equipment

   267,125      201,228      277,396   
                  
   2,876,905      2,068,194      3,781,456   

Less: Accumulated depreciation and amortization

   (680,778   (458,673   (853,864
                  

Property and equipment, net

   2,196,127      1,609,521      2,927,592   
                  

At December 31, 2008 and 2007 and September 30, 2009, BTL’s building was pledged to a bank as collateral for short-term borrowings of RMB10,000,000 (US$1,465,740), RMB9,000,000((US$1,233,792) and RMB10,000,000 (US$1,464,920), respectively (see Note 8).

Depreciation and amortization expense was $235,867, $147,801, $210,231 and $182,816, for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Land Use Rights

There is no private ownership of land in China. Land is owned by the government and the government grants land use rights for specified terms. The Company’s land use rights are reported at the purchase price (RMB1,944,000 in 2002).

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

6. INTANGIBLE ASSETS, NET

Intangible assets consist of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
    December 31,
2007
    September 30,
2009
 
     US$     US$     US$  

Technology rights

   182,623      182,623      182,623   

Less: accumulated amortization

   (146,098   (109,574   (173,492
                  

Intangible assets, net

   36,525      73,049      9,131   
                  

Intangible assets represent technology rights purchased for the assembly of the anesthesia machines under the brand of Kontron. Amortization expense for each of the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 was $36,525, and for each of the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008 was $27,394.

7. TAX RECEIVABLE

Tax receivable consists of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   September 30,
2009
     US$    US$    US$

Value added tax receivable

   552,968    354,071    1,163,479
              

Enterprises or individuals who sell commodities, engage in repair and maintenance or import and export goods in the PRC are subject to a value added tax in accordance with Chinese laws. The value added tax standard rate is 17% of the gross sales price. A credit is available whereby VAT paid on the purchases of unassembled medical components of the Company’s product used in contract and production can be used to offset the VAT due on sales of the product.

The tax receivable as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and September 30, 2009 was $552,968, $354,071 and $1,163,479, respectively, which represents VAT credit on the purchased products. These amounts can be used to offset the VAT due on sales of the finished product.

8. SHORT-TERM BORROWINGS

The Company has a line of credit for RMB10,000,000 with a commercial bank in China to finance its working capital. The credit line bears interest at a variable rate and is renewed annually on May 18th. Average interest rates for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 were 7.84%, 6.86% and 7.66%, respectively. Pursuant to the terms of the agreement, the line of credit is secured by BTL’s building (see note 5) and guaranteed by BDL and an officer of the Company.

On June 2, 2009, the bank renewed the Company’s credit line with payments due on November 20, 2009, March 3, 2010 and May 20, 2010 for RMB2,000,000, RMB3,000,000 and RMB5,000,000, respectively.

9. ACCRUED EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT LIABILITIES

Accrued expenses and other payables consist of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   September 30,
2009
     US$    US$    US$

Accrued salaries and social welfare

   153,952    113,972    172,325

Accrued expenses

   19,054    17,822    19,044

Other payables, non-trade vendors

   77,833    92,514    106,079
              
   250,839    224,308    297,448
              

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

10. TAXES PAYABLE

Taxes payable consists of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   September 30,
2009
     US$    US$    US$

Value added tax

   2,542,227    1,699,153    3,555,625

Enterprise income tax

   504,445    79,767    901,853

Employee withholding taxes

   3,777    4,112    3,221

Business tax

   1,174    487    673

City construction tax

   514    1,488    409
              
   3,052,137    1,785,007    4,461,781
              

11. NON-CONTROLLING INTEREST

Non-controlling interest consists of the following:

 

     December 31,
2008
   December 31,
2007
   September 30,
2009
     US$    US$    US$

Paid-in capital

   384,211    384,211    384,211

Retained earnings

   642,940    580,609    681,442

Accumulated other comprehensive income

   178,081    103,039    177,440
              
   1,205,232    1,067,859    1,243,093
              

 

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DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

12. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCY

Leases

The lease commitments are for office premises and a warehouse facility, all of which are classified as operating leases. These non-cancelable leases have lease terms between one and two years. Future minimum lease payments under these leases at December 31, 2008, are as follows:

 

Year Ending December 31,

   US$

2009

   18,328

2010

   1,527
    

Total minimum lease payments

   19,855
    

Related expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 was $ 32,011, $ 28,399, $ 36,174, and $ 25,507 respectively.

Rent expense paid to the spouse of the chief executive officer for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008 was $ 0, $ 0, $ 17,418 and $ 0, respectively.

Employment Contracts

Under the PRC labor law, all employees have signed employment contracts with the Company. Management employees have employment contracts with terms up to three years and non-management employees have a one year employment contract renewable on an annual basis.

Contingency

The Labor Contract Law of the People’s Republic of China, effective as of January 1, 2008, requires employers to assure the liability of the severance payments if employees are terminated and have been working for the employers for at least two years prior to January 1, 2008. The Company has estimated its possible severance payments of approximately $88,000 and $154,000 as of December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2009, respectively, which have not been reflected in its consolidated financial statements.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

13. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

Common Shares

At December 31, 2008 and 2007, and September 30, 2009, the Company’s Memorandum and Articles of Association authorized share capital of US $50,000 was comprised of 4,500,000 common shares and 500,000 Preferred Shares (120,000 shares of Series A Preferred Shares and 380,000 shares of Series B Preferred Shares) of US$0.01 par value.

On October 31, 2009, the board of directors approved a 3.6614-for-1 stock split of the Company’s common shares. Accordingly, all common share and per share information in the accompanying consolidated financial statements give retroactive effect to the stock split. Prior to the stock split, there were 516,722 common shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2009, December 31, 2008 and 2007. The par value of the common stock was $.01 per share prior to the stock split.

The founders of the Company agreed to place, on a pro rata basis, that number of common shares of the Company into escrow that is equal to 40% of the maximum number of shares to be sold in an initial public offering (“IPO”) until such time as the Company files its Form 10-K with the Securities and Exchange Commission for the year ending December 31, 2010, or the termination of the IPO without closing, if earlier. To the extent the Company’s earnings per share for the year ending December 31, 2010 are less than $.80, the Company shall redeem, pro rata, such shares.

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

13. SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY-continued

Convertible Preferred Shares

In October 2003, the Company issued 120,000 Series A convertible preferred shares (“Series A Preferred Shares”) for total proceeds of $1,200,000.

During 2007, the Company issued in aggregate 182,635 Series B convertible preferred shares (“Series B Preferred Shares”) for total proceeds of $2,000,000.

Series A Preferred Shares and Series B Preferred Shares are collectively referred to as the “Preferred Shares”.

Preferred Shares have priority over the common stock “Ordinary Shares”. Certain rights, preferences and privileges of the Preferred Shares are listed below:

The holders of Preferred Shares are entitled to receive noncumulative dividends, when and if declared by the board of directors. Dividends are not mandatory and shall not accrue.

Preferred Shares Series A and B have a liquidation preference of $10 and $10.95074 per share, respectively.

The holders of Preferred Shares are entitled to one vote for each share of common stock the Preferred Shares could be converted to.

Preferred Shares are non-redeemable.

On October 31, 2009, each share of preferred stock was converted into common shares on a 1-to-1 basis. In addition, all preferred shares in authorized capital on October 31, 2009, were re-designated as common shares.

Following is a pro-forma earnings per share calculation for the year ended December 31, 2008 and the nine months ended September 30, 2009 giving effect to the conversion of all the outstanding preferred shares and the effect of the stock split:

 

     December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2009
     US$    US$

Basic earning per share

   0.31    0.69

 

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DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

14. INCOME TAXES

British Virgin Islands

Dehaier is a tax-exempt company incorporated in the British Virgin Islands. BDL and BTL were incorporated in the PRC and are governed by the PRC laws.

Hong Kong

DHK is subject to Hong Kong profits tax at a rate of 17.5% on its assessable profits. No Hong Kong profits tax has been provided as the Company did not have any taxable profit that was earned in or derived from Hong Kong during the years presented.

PRC

BDL is entitled to a preferential tax rate of 15% as a “high technology” company, and is entitled to a three-year exemption from income taxes commencing in 2004, followed by a 50% reduction in tax rates for the succeeding three years.

In May 2008, PRC issued new standards for “high technology” companies and required the Company to update their certification. Dehaier did not get the updated certification in 2008. On May 18, 2009, the State Tax of the Beijing Changping District issued “the Notice to Tax Affairs” (Tax Notice [2009]7013) to cancel “Approved to relief the Enterprise Income Tax” act. The tax rate for BDL is 25% in 2008.

PRC government grants a preferential income tax rate of 15% to government-certified high technology companies, and under the new standard the period of validity for the certification of high technology companies is three years. In 2009, BDL is engaged in updating its certification for “high technology” company and should get the government approval online at the end of November 2009 and certification later. Therefore, BDL used a 15% income tax rate to calculate the income tax expense for nine months ended September 30, 2009.

BTL is entitled to a preferential tax rate of 15% as a “high technology” company, and is entitled to a three-year exemption from income taxes commencing in 2002, followed by a 50% reduction in tax rates for the succeeding three years.

A reconciliation of income tax expense and the amount computed by applying the statutory income tax rate to the income before income tax provision is as follows:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
   Nine Months Ended
September 30,
     2008    2007    2009    2008
     US$    US$    US$    US$

Tax computed at statutory rate

   415,332    73,648    410,162    270,300

Increase in income taxes resulting from temporary differences

   —      —      —      —  

Permanent differences

   —      —      —      —  
                   
   415,332    73,648    410,162    270,300
                   

 

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Table of Contents

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED AND AFFILIATE

NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)

 

15. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

At December 31, 2007, amounts due from shareholders and an officer were $9,280 and $27,418, respectively, for temporary advances. These amounts were repaid in 2008.

At December 31 2008, the amount due to an officer was $969 representing expenses paid by an officer of the Company. This amount was repaid in the first six months of 2009.

At September 30, 2009, the amount due to an officer was $2,947 representing expenses paid by an officer of the Company.

16. CONCENTRATIONS

Major Customers

For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, approximately 11%, 17%, 8% and 7%, respectively, of the Company’s revenues were to one customer. At December 31, 2008 and 2007, receivables from four customers were approximately 17%, 13%, 11%, 10% and 20%, 12%, 11%, 10%, respectively. At September 2009 and 2008, receivables from four customers were approximately 9%, 9%, 8%, 7% and 16%, 14%, 9%, 8%, respectively.

Revenues

For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, and for the nine months ended September 2009 and 2008, the Company’s three top selling products accounted, in the aggregate, for approximately 73%, 65%, 61% and 57%, respectively, of our total net revenues.

 

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Table of Contents

LOGO


Table of Contents

 

 

 

 


 

No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.

 

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

Prospectus Summary

   1

Risk Factors

   8

Forward-Looking Statements

   29

Our Corporate Structure

   30

Use of Proceeds

   31

Dividend Policy

   31

Capitalization

   32

Exchange Rate Information

   33

Dilution

   34

Post-Offering Ownership

   35

Selected Historical Condensed Consolidated Financial and Operating Data

   36

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   37

Our Business

   50

Description of Property

   58

Regulation

   58

Management

   64

Related Party Transactions

   71

Principal Shareholders

   73

Description of Share Capital

   74

Shares Eligible for Future Sale

   82

Taxation

   84

Enforceability of Civil Liabilities

   88

Placement

   89

Legal Matters

   93

Experts

   93

Interests of Experts and Counsel

   93

Where You Can Find More Information

   93

Expenses Related to This Offering

   94

Index to Financial Statements

   F-1

 

 

Until              , 2010 (90 days after the commencement of this offering), all dealers that effect transactions in these securities, whether or not participating in this offering, may be required to deliver a prospectus. This is in addition to the dealer’s obligation to deliver a prospectus when acting as an underwriter and with respect to unsold allotments or subscriptions.

 

LOGO

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

Common Shares

1,250,000 Share Minimum

1,500,000 Share Maximum

 

 

Prospectus

 

 

Anderson & Strudwick,

Incorporated

 


 

 

 

 

 



Table of Contents

PART II

INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS

 

Item 13. Other Expenses of Issuance and Distribution.

The estimated expenses payable by us in connection with the offering described in this registration statement (other than the placement discounts and commissions) will be as follows. With the exception of the filing fees for the U.S. Securities Exchange Commission, FINRA and NASDAQ, all amounts are estimates.

 

U.S. Securities Exchange Commission registration fee

   $ 845

FINRA filing fee

   $ 2,013

NASDAQ listing fee

   $ 50,000

Legal fees and expenses for Chinese counsel

   $ 95,000

Legal fees and expenses for British Virgin Islands counsel

   $ 12,000

Legal fees and expenses for U.S. counsel

   $ 160,000

Accounting fees and expenses

   $ 150,000

Printing fees

   $ 25,000

Miscellaneous

   $ 5,142
      

Total

   $ 500,000

All fees and expenses other than the fees for the Securities and Exchange Commission, FINRA and NASDAQ are estimated.

 

Item 14. Indemnification of Directors and Officers

British Virgin Islands law does not limit the extent to which a company’s articles of association may provide for indemnification of officers and directors, except to the extent any such provision may be held by the British Virgin Islands courts to be contrary to public policy, such as to provide indemnification against civil fraud or the consequences of committing a crime. Under the memorandum and articles of association of CHJA, or the Registrant, the Registrant may indemnify its directors, officers and liquidators against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with civil, criminal, administrative or investigative proceedings to which they are party or are threatened to be made a party by reason of their acting as our director, officer or liquidator. To be entitled to indemnification, these persons must have acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interest of the Registrant and, in the case of criminal proceedings, they must have had no reasonable cause to believe their conduct was unlawful.

The Placement Agreement, the form of which is filed as Exhibit 1.1 to this registration statement, will also provide for indemnification of the Registrant and its officers and directors.

Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers or persons controlling the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, the Registrant has been informed that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and is therefore unenforceable.

 

Item 15. Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities

In the past three years, we issued 3,000,000 shares in the aggregate to nine (9) shareholders upon the reorganization of our company as of October 31, 2009, in transactions that were not required to be registered under the Securities Act of 1933 (of these 3,000,000 shares, up to 600,000, assuming a maximum offering, will be held in escrow). All issuances of common shares to these shareholders were deemed to be exempt under the Securities Act by virtue of Section 4(2) thereof as a transaction not involving any public offering. In addition, the issuance of shares to Chen Ping Limited, Weibing Yang, Jian

 

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Sun, Yong Wang, Zheng Liu, De-haier Investment Holding Ltd. and Yijen Chen were deemed not to fall within Section 5 under the Securities Act by virtue of being issuances of securities by non-U.S. companies to non-U.S. citizens or residents, conducted outside the United States and not using any element of interstate commerce.

Prior to the reorganization of our company, effective as of January 5, 2007, we issued, in the aggregate, 182,635 Series B convertible preferred shares for total proceeds of $2,000,000 to Crystal East Group Limited, a British Virgin Islands company. These Series B convertible preferred shares will be converted into the same number of common shares prior to the 3.66140766-for-1 to be completed prior to completion of this offering. This issuance was deemed to be exempt under the Securities Act by virtue of Section 4(2) thereof as a transaction not involving any public offering. In addition, this issuance was deemed not to fall within Section 5 under the Securities Act by virtue of being issuances of securities by non-U.S. companies to non-U.S. citizens or residents, conducted outside the United States and not using any element of interstate commerce.

 

Item 16. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a) Exhibits

The following exhibits are filed herewith or incorporated by reference in this prospectus:

 

Exhibit
Number

  

Document

1.1

   Form of Placement Agreement (1)

3(i).1    

   Articles of Association of the Registrant (1)

3(ii).1     

   Memorandum of Association of the Registrant (1)

4.1

   Specimen Share Certificate (2)

4.2

   Form of Placement Agent Warrant (included in Ex. 10.1) (1)

5.1

   Opinion of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., Virginia counsel (2)

5.2

   Opinion of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., British Virgin Islands counsel (2)

10.1  

   Form of Placement Agent Warrant Agreement (1)

10.2  

   Translation of Form of Registrant’s Executive Officer Employment Agreement (1)

10.3  

   Form of Lock-Up Agreement (1)

10.4  

   Form of Share Option Plan (1)

21.1  

   Subsidiaries of the Registrant (1)

23.1  

   Consent of Friedman LLP (1)

23.2  

   Consent of Kaufman & Canoles (included in Exhibit 5.1) (2)

23.3  

   Consent of Kaufman & Canoles (included in Exhibit 5.2) (2)

24.1  

   Power of Attorney (included on page II-5 of the Registration Statement) (1)

99.1  

   Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (1)

99.2  

   Opinion of Beijing Kang Da Law Firm (1)

 

(1)

Filed herewith.

(2)

To be filed by amendment.

(b) Financial Statement Schedules

None.

 

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Table of Contents
Item 17. Undertakings

The Registrant hereby undertakes:

 

  (a) to file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement to:

 

  (i) include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act;

 

  (ii) reflect in the prospectus any facts or events which, individually or together, represent a fundamental change in the information in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered (if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the SEC pursuant to Rule 424(b) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the “Calculation of Registration Fee” table in the effective registration statement; and

 

  (iii) include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement.

 

  (b) that, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act, each post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof.

 

  (c) to file a post-effective amendment to remove from registration any of the securities that remain unsold at the end of the offering.

 

  (d) to file a post-effective amendment to include any financial statements required by Form 10-K at the start of any delayed offering or throughout a continuous offering.

 

  (e) that insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the SEC, such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registration of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person to the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question of whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Securities Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue.

 

  (f) that, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering, other than registration statements relying on Rule 430B or other than prospectuses filed in reliance on Rule 430A, shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use.

 

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  (g) that, for the purpose of determining liability of the Registrant under the Securities Act to any purchaser in the initial distribution of the securities, regardless of the underwriting method used to sell the securities to the purchaser, if the securities are offered or sold to such purchaser by means of any of the following communications, the Registrant will be a seller to the purchaser and will be considered to offer or sell such securities to such purchaser:

 

  (i) any preliminary prospectus or prospectus of the Registrant relating to the offering filed pursuant to Rule 424;

 

  (ii) any free writing prospectus relating to the offering prepared by or on behalf of the Registrant or used or referred to by the Registrant;

 

  (iii) the portion of any other free writing prospectus relating to the offering containing material information about the Registrant or its securities provided by or on behalf of the Registrant; and

 

  (iv) any other communication that is an offer in the offering made by the Registrant to the purchaser.

 

  (h) to provide to the Placement Agent at the closing specified in the placement agent agreements, certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the Placement Agent to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser.

 

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Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the registrant certifies that it has reasonable grounds to believe that it meets all of the requirements for filing on Form S-1 and has duly caused this registration statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in the People’s Republic of China, on November 11, 2009.

 

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited,
By:   /s/    P ING C HEN        
Name:   Ping Chen
Title:  

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Date:   November 11, 2009

 

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Table of Contents

POWER OF ATTORNEY

KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears below does hereby constitute and appoint Ping Chen as his true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and re-substitution, for him and in his name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign any and all amendments (including post-effective amendments) to this Registration Statement and sign any registration statement for the same offering covered by this Registration Statement that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 462(b) promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and all post-effective amendments thereto and to file the same, with all exhibits thereto, and other documents in connection therewith, with the Securities and Exchange Commission, granting unto said attorneys-in-fact and agents, and each of them, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in connection therewith and about the premises, as fully to all intents and purposes as he might or could do in person, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorneys-in-fact and agents, or any of them, or their or his substitutes or substitutes, may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this registration statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities and on the dates indicated:

 

Signature

  

Title

 

Date

/s/    P ING C HEN        

Ping Chen

  

Chief Executive Officer and Director

(Principal Executive Officer)

  November 11, 2009

/s/    Z HENG (R ITA ) L IU        

Zheng (Rita) Liu

   Chief Financial Officer (Principal Accounting and Financial Officer)   November 11, 2009

/s/    Y UNXIANG (P HIL ) F AN        

Yunxiang (Phil) Fan

   Director (Authorized Representative in the United States)   November 11, 2009

 

Jimin (Peter) Zhuo

   Director   November 11, 2009

 

Bin Qiu

   Director   November 11, 2009

 

II-6

Exhibit 1.1

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

(a British Virgin Islands company)

Minimum Offering: 1,250,000 Common Shares

Maximum Offering: 1,500,000 Common Shares

($_____ per share)

PLACEMENT AGREEMENT

                      ,         

Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated

707 East Main Street, 20 th Floor

Richmond, Virginia 23219

Ladies and Gentlemen:

The undersigned, Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, a British Virgin Islands company (the “Company”), hereby confirms its agreement with you as follows:

1. Introduction . This Agreement sets forth the understandings and agreements between the Company and you whereby, subject to the terms and conditions herein contained, you will offer to sell, on a “best efforts, minimum/maximum” basis on behalf of the Company as provided in Section 4(a) (the “Offering”), at an offering price of U.S. $______ per share, a minimum of 1,250,000 common shares and a maximum of 1,500,000 common shares, to be issued by the Company (the “Shares”). Capitalized terms used herein and not otherwise defined herein shall have the meanings ascribed to them in the Prospectus prepared by the Company and dated [              ] (the “Prospectus”).

2. Representations and Warranties of the Company . The Company makes the following representations and warranties to you:

(a) Registration Statement and Prospectus . The Company has prepared and filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) a registration statement on Form S-1 (File No. 333-________) (as defined below, the “Registration Statement”) conforming to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “1933 Act”), and the applicable rules and regulations (the “Rules and Regulations”) of the Commission. Such amendments to such Registration Statement as may have been required prior to the date hereof have been filed with the Commission, and such amendments have been similarly prepared. Copies of the Registration Statement, any and all amendments thereto prepared and filed with the Commission, and each related Preliminary Prospectus, and the exhibits, financial statements and schedules, as finally amended and revised, have been delivered to you for review. The term “Registration Statement” as used in this Agreement shall mean the Company’s Registration Statement on Form S-1, including the Prospectus, any documents incorporated by reference therein, and all financial schedules and exhibits thereto, as amended on the date that the Registration Statement becomes effective. The term “Prospectus” as used in this Agreement shall mean the prospectus relating to the Shares in the form in which it was filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the 1933 Act or, if no filing pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the 1993 Act is required, shall mean the form of the final prospectus included in the Registration Statement when the Registration Statement becomes effective. The term “Preliminary Prospectus” shall mean any prospectus included in the Registration Statement before it becomes effective. The terms “effective date” and “effective” refer to the date the Commission declares the Registration Statement effective pursuant to Section 8 of the 1933 Act.

(b) A registration statement on Form 8-A (File No. 001-_________) in respect of the registration of the Shares under the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), has been filed with the Commission. Such registration statement in the form heretofore delivered to you has been declared effective by the Commission in such form. No other document with respect to such registration statement has heretofore been filed with the Commission. No stop order suspending the effectiveness of such registration statement has been issued and no proceeding for that purpose has been initiated, or to the knowledge of the Company after due inquiry threatened, by the Commission (the various parts of such registration statement, including all exhibits thereto, each as amended at the time such part of the registration statement became effective, being hereinafter called the “Form 8-A Registration Statement”). The Form 8-A Registration Statement when it became effective conformed, and any


further amendments thereto will conform, in all material respects to the requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission thereunder, and did not and will not, as of the applicable effective date, contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading.

(c) Adequacy of Disclosure . Each Preliminary Prospectus, at the time of filing thereof, conformed in all material respects to the requirements of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations, and did not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made, not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by you expressly for use in the Registration Statement. When the Registration Statement shall become effective, when the Prospectus is first filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations, when any amendment to the Registration Statement becomes effective, when any supplement to the Prospectus is filed with the Commission and on the Closing Date (as hereinafter defined), (i) the Registration Statement, the Prospectus and any amendments thereof and supplements thereto will conform in all material respects with the applicable requirements of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations, and (ii) neither the Registration Statement, the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto will contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary in order to make the statements therein not misleading; provided, however, that this representation and warranty shall not apply to any statements or omissions made in reliance upon and in conformity with information furnished in writing to the Company by you expressly for use in the Registration Statement.

(d) No Stop Order . The Commission has not issued any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus with respect to the Shares, and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or threatened by the Commission or the state securities or blue sky authority of any jurisdiction.

(e) Company; Organization and Qualification . The Company has been duly incorporated and is validly existing in good standing under the laws of the British Virgin Islands with all requisite corporate power and authority to enter into this Agreement, to conduct its business as now conducted and as proposed to be conducted, and to own and operate its properties, investments and assets, as described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus. The Company is not in violation of any provision of its memorandum or articles of association or other governing documents and is not in default under or in breach of, and does not know of the occurrence of any event that with the giving of notice or the lapse of time or both would constitute a default under or breach of, any term or condition of any material agreement or instrument to which it is a party or by which any of its properties, investments or assets is bound, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus. Except as noted in the Prospectus, the Company does not own or control, directly or indirectly, any other corporation, association, or other entity. The Company has furnished to you copies of its articles and memorandum of association, as amended, and all such copies are true, correct and complete and contain all amendments thereto through the Closing Date.

(f) Validity of Shares . The Shares have been duly and validly authorized by the Company and upon issuance, will be validly issued, fully paid and nonassessable, with no personal liability attaching to the ownership thereof, and will conform to the description thereof contained in the Prospectus. The preferences, rights and limitations of the Shares are set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Description of Share Capital.” No party has any preemptive rights with respect to any of the Shares or any right of participation or first refusal with respect to the sale of the Shares by the Company. No person or entity holds a right to require or participate in the registration under the 1933 Act of the Shares pursuant to the Registration Statement; and, except as set forth in the Prospectus, no person holds a right to require registration under the 1933 Act of any Shares of the Company at any other time. The form of certificates evidencing the Shares complies with all applicable requirements of British Virgin Islands law.

(g) Capitalization . The authorized, issued and outstanding capital stock of the Company is as set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Description of Share Capital.” All of the issued and outstanding Shares of the Company have been duly authorized, validly issued, fully paid and are non-assessable. Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, there is no outstanding option, warrant or other right calling for the issuance of, and no commitment, plan or arrangement to issue, any shares of capital stock of the Company or any security convertible into or exchangeable for capital stock of the Company.

 

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(h) Full Power . The Company has full legal right, power, and authority to enter into this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement among the Company, SunTrust Bank (the “Escrow Agent”) and you (the “Escrow Agreement”), to issue and deliver the Shares as provided herein and in the Prospectus and to consummate the transactions contemplated herein and in the Prospectus. Each of this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement has been duly authorized, executed, and delivered by the Company and constitutes a valid and binding agreement of the Company, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by (i) bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, liquidation, reorganization, or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in equity or at law, (ii) general equity principles, and (iii) limitations imposed by applicable laws or the public policy underlying such laws regarding the enforceability of indemnification or contribution provisions.

(i) Disclosed Agreements . All agreements between or among the Company and third parties expressly referenced in the Prospectus are legal, valid, and binding obligations of the Company, enforceable in accordance with their respective terms, except to the extent enforceability may be limited by (i) bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, liquidation, reorganization, or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in equity or at law, (ii) general equity principles and (iii) limitations imposed by federal or state securities laws or the public policy underlying such laws regarding the enforceability of indemnification or contribution provisions.

(j) Consents . Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, each consent, approval, authorization, order, license, certificate, permit, registration, designation or filing by or with any governmental agency or body or any other third party necessary for the valid authorization, issuance, sale and delivery of the Shares, the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the consummation by the Company of the transactions contemplated hereby and by the Registration Statement and Prospectus, except such as may be required under the 1933 Act, 1934 Act, or under other applicable securities laws has been made or obtained and is in full force and effect.

(k) Litigation . There is not pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened or contemplated, any action, suit, proceeding, inquiry, or investigation before or by any court or any governmental authority or agency to which the Company may be a party, or to which any of the properties or rights of the Company may be subject, that is not described in the Registration Statement and Prospectus and (i) that may reasonably be expected to result in any material adverse change in the condition (financial or otherwise) or business of the Company; or (ii) that may reasonably be expected to materially adversely affect any of the material properties of the Company; or (iii) that may reasonably be expected to adversely affect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by this Agreement, nor, to the knowledge of the Company, is there any meritorious basis therefor.

(l) Financial Statements . The financial statements of the Company together with related schedules and notes included in the Registration Statement and Prospectus present fairly the financial position of the Company as of the dates indicated and the results of operations and cash flows for the periods specified. Such financial statements have been prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a consistent basis during the periods involved. The financial information schedules included in the Registration Statement and the amounts in the Prospectus fairly present the information shown therein and have been compiled on a basis consistent with the financial statements included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus. No other financial statements or schedules are required by Form S-1 or otherwise to be included in the Registration Statement, the Prospectus or any Preliminary Prospectus. The unaudited pro forma financial information (including the related notes) included in the Prospectus or any Preliminary Prospectus complies as to form in all material respects to the applicable accounting requirements of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations, and management of the Company believes that the assumptions underlying the pro forma adjustments are reasonable. Such pro forma adjustments have been properly applied to the historical amounts in the compilation of the information and such information fairly presents with respect to the Company the financial position, results of operations and other information purported to be shown therein at the respective dates and for the respective periods specified.

(m) Independent Accountants . Friedman LLP, who has audited certain financial statements of the Company and its subsidiaries, are, to the Company’s knowledge, independent public accountants as required by the 1933 Act and the rules and regulations of the Commission promulgated thereunder.

 

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(n) Disclosed Liabilities . The Company has not sustained, since December 31, 2008, any material loss or interference with its business from fire, explosion, flood, hurricane, accident, or other calamity, whether or not covered by insurance, or from any labor dispute or arbitrators’ or court or governmental action, order, or decree, otherwise than as set forth or contemplated in the Registration Statement and Prospectus; and, since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, and except as otherwise stated in the Registration Statement and Prospectus or as set forth on the Disclosure Schedule, there has not been (i) any material change in the capital stock, long-term debt, obligations under capital leases, or short-term borrowings of the Company, (ii) any material adverse change, or any development that could be reasonably be seen as involving a prospective material adverse change in or affecting the business, prospects, properties, assets, results of operations or condition (financial or other) of the Company, (iii) any liability or obligation, direct or contingent, incurred or undertaken by the Company that is material to the business or condition (financial or other) of the Company, except for liabilities or obligations incurred in the ordinary course of business, (iv) any declaration or payment of any dividend or distribution of any kind on or with respect to the capital stock of the Company, or (v) any transaction that is material to the Company, except transactions in the ordinary course of business or as otherwise disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus.

(o) Required Licenses and Permits . Except as disclosed in the Prospectus, the Company owns, possesses, has obtained or in the ordinary course of business will obtain, and has made available for your review, all material permits, licenses, franchises, certificates, consents, orders, approvals, and other authorizations of governmental or regulatory authorities as are necessary to own or lease, as the case may be, and to operate its properties and to carry on its business as presently conducted, or as contemplated in the Prospectus to be conducted (the “Permits”), and the Company has not received any notice of proceedings relating to revocation or modification of any such Permits.

(p) Internal Accounting Measures . The Company has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-14 and 15d-14 under the Exchange Act), which (i) are designed to ensure that material information relating to the Company is made known to the Company’s principal executive officer and its principal financial officer by others within the Company; and (ii) are effective in all material respects to perform the functions for which they were established. The Company’s system of internal accounting controls provides reasonable assurance that: (A) transactions are executed in accordance with management’s general or specific authorizations; (B) transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States (“US GAAP”); (C) access to assets is permitted only in accordance with management’s general or specific authorization; (D) the recorded accountability for assets is compared with existing assets at reasonable intervals and appropriate actions are taken with respect to any differences; and (E) the Company has made and kept books, records and accounts which, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of assets of such entity and provide a sufficient basis for the preparation of financial statements in accordance with US GAAP. There (x) are not any significant deficiencies in the design or operation of internal controls which could adversely affect the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial data or (y) has not been any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the Company’s internal controls. Since the date of the most recent evaluation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures, there have been no significant changes in internal controls or in other factors that could significantly affect internal controls, including any corrective actions with regard to significant deficiencies and material weaknesses. Upon the effectiveness of the Registration Statement, the Company will be in compliance in all material respect with all provisions of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 that are effective and applicable to the Company as an “issuer” as defined under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

(q) Taxes . The Company has timely paid all taxes that have become due and no tax deficiency has been asserted against the Company, and the Company does not know of any tax deficiency that is likely to be asserted against the Company that if determined adversely to the Company, would, either individually or in the aggregate, have a material adverse effect on the business, prospects, properties, assets, results of operations, or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company. All tax liabilities are adequately provided for on the books of the Company.

(r) Compliance with Instruments . The execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement and the Escrow Agreement, the compliance with the terms and provisions hereof and the consummation of the transactions contemplated herein, therein and in the Registration Statement and Prospectus by the Company, do not and will not

 

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violate or constitute a breach of, or default under (i) the memorandum or articles of association of the Company; (ii) any of the material terms, provisions, or conditions of any material instrument, agreement, or indenture to which the Company is a party or by which it is bound or by which its business, assets, investments or properties may be affected; or (iii) any order, statute, rule, or regulation applicable to the Company, or any of its business, investments, assets or properties, of any court or (to the knowledge of the Company) any governmental authority or agency having jurisdiction over the Company, or any of its business, investments, properties or assets; and to the knowledge of the Company do not and will not result in the creation or imposition of any lien, charge, claim, or encumbrance upon any property or asset of the Company.

(s) Insurance . The Company maintains insurance (issued by insurers of recognized financial responsibility) of the types and in the amounts generally deemed adequate for its business and, to the knowledge of the Company, consistent with insurance coverage maintained by similar companies and similar businesses, all of which insurance is in full force and effect.

(t) Work Force . To the knowledge of the Company, no general labor problem exists or is imminent with the employees of the Company.

(u) Securities Matters . The Company and its officers, directors, or affiliates have not taken and will not take, directly or indirectly, any action designed to, or that might reasonably be expected to, cause or result in or constitute the stabilization or manipulation of any security of the Company or to facilitate the sale or resale of the Shares.

(v) Payment of Commissions and Fees . Except as stated in or contemplated by the Prospectus, neither the Company nor any affiliate of the Company has paid or awarded, nor will any such person pay or award, directly or indirectly, any commission or other compensation to any person engaged to render investment advice to a potential purchaser of Shares as an inducement to advise the purchase of Shares.

(w) Intellectual Property . Except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the Company owns, possesses, licenses or has other rights to use the patents and patent applications, copyrights, trademarks, service marks, trade names, technology, know-how (including trade secrets and other unpatented and/or unpatentable proprietary rights) and other intellectual property (or could acquire such intellectual property upon commercially reasonable terms) necessary to conduct its business in the manner in which it is being conducted (collectively, the “Company Intellectual Property”); except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, to the Company’s knowledge, none of the patents owned or licensed by the Company is unenforceable or invalid, and, to the Company’s knowledge, none of the patent applications owned or licensed by the Company would be unenforceable or invalid if issued as patents; to the Company’s knowledge, the Company is not obligated to pay a royalty, grant a license, or provide other consideration to any third party in connection with the Company Intellectual Property other than as disclosed in the Prospectus; except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the Company has not received any notice of violation or conflict with rights of others with respect to the Company Intellectual Property; except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, there are no pending or to the Company’s knowledge, threatened actions, suits, proceedings or claims by others that the Company is infringing any patent, trade secret, trade mark, service mark, copyright or other intellectual property or proprietary right; and except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and Prospectus, the products or processes of the Company referenced in the Prospectus do not, to the knowledge of the Company, violate or conflict with any intellectual property or proprietary right of any third person.

(x) Forward Looking Statement . No forward-looking statement (within the meaning of Section 27A of the Act and Section 21E of the Exchange Act) contained in the Registration Statement, the Preliminary Prospectus or the Prospectus has been made or reaffirmed without a reasonable basis or has been disclosed other than in good faith.

(y) Industry Data . The industry-related and market-related statistics obtained from independent industry publications and reports and included in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus agree with the sources from which they are derived.

(z) Related Party Transactions . No relationship exists between or among the Company and any director, officer, stockholder or affiliate of the Company which is required by the 1933 Act and rules and regulations of the Commission under the 1933 Act to be described in the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which is not so

 

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described and described as required in material compliance with such requirement. There are no outstanding loans, advances (except advances for business expenses in the ordinary course of business) or guarantees of indebtedness by the Company to or for the benefit of any of the officers or directors of the Company or any of their respective family members, except as disclosed in the Registration Statement and the Prospectus.

3. Representations and Warranties of Placement Agent . You represent and warrant to the Company that:

(a) You are a member, in good standing, of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”), and are duly registered as a broker-dealer under the 1934 Act, and under the laws of each state in which you propose to offer the Shares, except where such registration would not be required by law.

(b) This Agreement when accepted and approved will be duly authorized, executed and delivered by you and is a valid and binding agreement of you, enforceable in accordance with its terms, except to the extent that enforceability may be limited by (i) bankruptcy, insolvency, moratorium, liquidation, reorganization, or similar laws affecting creditors’ rights generally, regardless of whether such enforceability is considered in equity or at law, (ii) general equity principles, and (iii) limitations imposed by federal and state securities laws or the public policy underlying such laws regarding the enforceability of indemnification or contribution provisions.

(c) The consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Prospectus relating to the Offering will not violate or constitute a breach of, or default under, your memorandum or articles of association, or any material instrument, agreement, or indenture to which you are a party, or violate any order applicable to you of any federal or state regulatory body or administrative agency having jurisdiction over you or your property.

4. Sale of Shares .

(a) Exclusive Agency . The Company hereby appoints you as its exclusive agent to offer for sale, and hereby agrees to sell during the Offering Period (as defined in Section 4.(c)), a minimum of 1,250,000 Shares and a maximum of 1,500,000 Shares, and on the basis of the representations and warranties herein contained but subject to the terms and conditions herein set forth, you accept such appointment and agree to use your best efforts as agent to offer the Shares for sale for the account of the Company, on a cash basis only at the offering price of $_____ per Share. During the Offering Period (as defined below), the Company will not sell or agree to sell any debt or equity securities otherwise than through you. Subject to your commitment to sell the Shares on a “best efforts, minimum/maximum basis” as provided herein, nothing in this Agreement shall prevent you from entering into an agency agreement, underwriting agreement, or other similar agreement governing the offer and sale of securities with any other issuer of securities, and nothing contained herein shall be construed in any way as precluding or restricting your right to sell or offer for sale securities issued by any other person, including securities similar to, or competing with, the Shares. It is understood between the parties that there is no firm commitment by you to purchase any or all of the Shares.

(b) Obligation to Offer Shares . Your obligation to offer the Shares is subject to receipt by you of written advice from the Commission that the Registration Statement is effective, is subject to the Shares being qualified for offering under applicable laws in the states as may be reasonably designated by you, is subject to the absence of any prohibitory action by any governmental body, agency, or official, and is subject to the terms and conditions contained in this Agreement and in the Registration Statement.

(c) Offering Termination Date . The “Offering Period” shall commence on the day that the Prospectus is first made available to prospective investors in connection with the Offering and shall continue until the “Offering Termination Date,” which shall be the earliest of (i) the date the maximum number of Shares (1,500,000) offered have been sold, (ii) May 31, 2010, or (iii) such other date mutually agreeable to the parties hereto. The Company and you agree that unless the minimum number of Shares (1,250,000) offered are sold on or before the Offering Termination Date, all proceeds that have been paid for the Shares will be returned to the purchasers.

(d) Escrow Agent . Prior to the sale of all of the Shares, all funds received from purchasers of the Shares shall be placed in an escrow account (the “Escrow Account”) with the Escrow Agent pursuant to the Escrow Agreement, the form of which is attached as an exhibit to the Registration Statement, and all payments of, from or on account of such funds shall be made pursuant to the Escrow Agreement. In the event that the Shares are not sold on or before the Offering Termination Date, all funds then held in the Escrow Account shall be returned promptly to the respective purchasers as provided in the Escrow Agreement.

 

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(e) Closing Date . As and when the closing of the Offering is effected, which shall be on or before the Offering Termination Date, and proceeds from the Shares sold are received and accepted, on such date (the “Closing Date”) and at such time and place as determined by you (which determination shall be subject to the satisfaction on such date of the conditions contained herein), the funds received from purchasers will be delivered by the Escrow Agent to the Company, by wire transfer of immediately available funds.

(f) Selling Commissions and Expense . In consideration for your execution of this Agreement and for the performance of your obligations hereunder, the Company agrees to pay you as follows:

(i) by wire transfer of immediately available funds on the Closing Date, if any, a Selling Commission computed at the rate of seven percent (7.0%) of the gross proceeds of the Shares placed in the offering;

(ii) at the closing of the offering, you will have the right to purchase Placement Agent Warrants for the purchase of Shares, equal to ten percent (10%) of the number of Shares sold by you in the Offering at a purchase price of $0.001 per share underlying the Placement Agent Warrants, substantially in the form of Exhibit A attached to this Agreement. NASD Rule 2710(g)(1) generally provides that any securities of the Company that are unregistered and acquired by you or your related persons (A) during the 180-day period prior to the filing of the Registration Statement or (B) after such filing and deemed to be underwriting compensation by the FINRA shall not be sold during the Offering, or sold, transferred, assigned, pledged, hypothecated, or be the subject of any hedging, short sale, derivative, put, or call transaction that would result in the effective economic disposition of the securities (each, a “Transfer”) by any person for a period of 180 days immediately following the date of effectiveness of the Registration Statement or commencement of sales in the Offering; provided, however, such restriction does not apply to Transfers to your officers or partners (each, a “Permitted Transferee”) during such time period if the securities so Transferred remain subject to the lock-up restriction noted above; and

(iii) by wire transfer of immediately available funds on the Closing Date, if any, an accountable expense allowance computed at the rate of one percent (1%) of the public offering price of the Shares sold by you; such expenses include, but are not limited to fees and expenses of your counsel, due diligence expenses and other expenses not prohibited by NASD Rule 2710.

(g) Finder’s Fees . Except as set forth in the Registration Statement or Prospectus, neither you nor the Company, directly or indirectly, shall pay or award any finder’s fee, commission, or other compensation to any person engaged by a potential purchaser for investment advice as an inducement to such advisor to advise the purchase of the Shares or for any other purpose.

(h) Delivery of Share Certificates . Delivery of certificates in definitive form representing the Shares shall be made at the offices of Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Company and you, on such date as you may request (the “Date of Delivery”). The certificates representing the Shares shall be in such denominations and registered in such names as you may request in writing at least three full business days before the Date of Delivery. The certificates representing the Shares will be made available for examination and packaging at the offices of Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated or at such other place as shall be agreed upon by the Company and you, not later than at least two (2) full business days prior to each Date of Delivery.

5. Covenants .

(a) Covenants of the Company . The Company covenants with you as follows:

(i) Notices . The Company immediately will notify you, and confirm such notice in writing, (A) of any fact that would make inaccurate any representation or warranty by the Company, and (B) of any change in facts on which your obligation to perform under this Agreement is dependent.

(ii) Effectiveness of Registration Statement . The Company will use its best efforts to cause the Registration Statement to become effective (if not yet effective at the date and time this Agreement is executed and delivered by the parties hereto). If the Company elects to rely upon Rule 430A of the Rules and Regulations or the filing of the Prospectus is otherwise required under Rule 424(b) of the Rules and Regulations, and subject to the provisions of Section 5.(a)(iii) of this Agreement, the Company will comply with the requirements of Rule 430A and will file the Prospectus, properly completed, pursuant to the applicable provisions of Rule 424(b) within the time prescribed. The Company will notify you immediately, and confirm the notice in writing, (i) when the

 

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Registration Statement, or any post-effective amendment to the Registration Statement, shall have become effective, or any supplement to the Prospectus, or any amended Prospectus shall have been filed, (ii) of the receipt of any comments from the Commission, (iii) of any request by the Commission to amend the Registration Statement or amend or supplement the Prospectus or for additional information, and (iv) of the issuance by the Commission of any stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or of any order preventing or suspending the use of any Preliminary Prospectus or the suspension of the qualification of the Shares for offering or sale in any jurisdiction, or of the institution or threatening of any proceeding for any such purposes. The Company will use all reasonable efforts to prevent the issuance of any such stop order or of any order preventing or suspending such use and, if any such order is issued, to obtain the withdrawal thereof at the earliest possible moment.

(iii) Amendments to Registration Statement and Prospectus . The Company will not at any time file or make any amendment to the Registration Statement, or any amendment or supplement (i) to the Prospectus, if the Company has not elected to rely upon Rule 430A, or (ii) if the Company has elected to rely upon Rule 430A, to either the Prospectus included in the Registration Statement at the time it becomes effective or to the Prospectus filed in accordance with Rule 424(b), in either case if you shall not have previously been advised and furnished a copy thereof a reasonable time prior to the proposed filing, or if you or your counsel shall reasonably object to such amendment or supplement; provided, however, that if you shall have objected to such amendment or supplement, you shall cease your efforts to sell the Shares until an amendment or supplement is filed.

(iv) Delivery of Registration Statement . The Company has delivered to you or will deliver to you, without expense to you, at such locations as you shall request, as soon as the Registration Statement or any amended Registration Statement is available, such number of signed copies of the Registration Statement as originally filed and of amended Registration Statements, if any, copies of all exhibits and documents filed therewith, and signed copies of all consents and certificates of experts, as you may reasonably request.

(v) Delivery of Prospectus . The Company will deliver to you at its expense, from time to time, as many copies of each Preliminary Prospectus as you may reasonably request, and the Company hereby consents to the use of such copies for purposes permitted by the 1933 Act. The Company will deliver to you at its expense, as soon as the Registration Statement shall have become effective and thereafter from time to time as requested during the period when the Prospectus is required to be delivered under the 1933 Act, such number of copies of the Prospectus (as supplemented or amended) as you may reasonably request. The Company will comply to the best of its ability with the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations so as to permit the completion of the distribution of the Shares as contemplated in this Agreement and in the prospectus. If the delivery of a prospectus is required at any time prior to the expiration of nine months after the time of issue of the Prospectus in connection with the offering or sale of the Shares and if at such time any events shall have occurred as result of which the Prospectus as then amended or supplemented would include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state any material fact necessary in order to make the statements therein, in light of the circumstances under which they were made when such Prospectus is delivered not misleading or, if for any reason it shall be necessary during the same period to amend or supplement the Prospectus in order to comply with the 1933 Act, the Company will notify you and upon your request prepare and furnish without charge to you and to any dealer in securities as many copies as you may from time to time reasonably request of an amended Prospectus or a supplement to the Prospectus that will correct such statement or omission or effect such compliance, and in case you are required to deliver a prospectus in connection with sales of any of the Shares, upon your request but at your expense, the Company will prepare and deliver to you as many copies as you may request of an amended or supplemented Prospectus complying with Section 10(a)(3) of the 1933 Act.

(vi) Blue Sky Qualification . The Company, in good faith and in cooperation with you, will use its best efforts to qualify the Shares for offering and sale under the applicable “blue sky” or securities laws of such jurisdictions as you from time to time may reasonably designate and to maintain such qualifications in effect until the date on which the Company ceases to be obligated to maintain the effectiveness of the Registration Statement; provided, however, that the Company shall not be obligated to qualify as a foreign entity in any jurisdiction in which it is not so qualified or to make any undertakings in respect of doing business in any jurisdiction in which it is not otherwise so subject. The Company will file such statements and reports as may be required by the laws of each jurisdiction in which the Shares have been qualified as above provided.

(vii) Application of Net Proceeds . The Company will apply the net proceeds received from the sale of the Shares in all material respects as set forth in the Prospectus under the caption “Use of Proceeds.”

 

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(viii) Cooperation with Your Due Diligence . At all times prior to the Offering Termination Date, the Company will cooperate with you in such investigation as you may make or cause to be made of all the business and operations of the Company in connection with the sale of the Shares, and will make available to you in connection therewith such information in its possession as you may reasonably request, all of which you agree to safeguard as the confidential information of the Company and to refrain from using for any purpose adverse to the interests of the Company.

(ix) Transfer Agent . The Company will maintain a transfer agent and, if necessary under applicable jurisdictions, a registrar (which may be the same entity as the transfer agent) for its Shares.

(x) NASDAQ . The Company will use its reasonable best efforts to maintain the quotation of its Shares on The NASDAQ Capital Market.

(xi) Actions of Company, Officers, Directors, and Affiliates . The Company will not and will use its best efforts to cause its officers, directors, and affiliates not to (i) take, directly or indirectly, prior to termination of the Offering contemplated by this Agreement, any action designed to stabilize or manipulate the price of any security of the Company, or that may cause or result in, or that might in the future reasonably be expected to cause or result in, the stabilization or manipulation of the price of any security of the Company, to facilitate the sale or resale of any of the Shares, (ii) other than under this Agreement, sell, bid for, purchase, or pay anyone any compensation for soliciting purchases of the Shares or (iii) pay or agree to pay to any person any compensation for soliciting any order to purchase any other securities of the Company.

(xii) Upon the earliest of such time as (A) the investors in the Offering own less than ten percent (10%) of our outstanding voting securities or (B) the closing price of one of the Company’s Shares equals or exceeds $24.00 for a period of fifteen consecutive trading days, you will have the right, from time to time, to designate not more than two (2) persons to serve as a non-voting observers to the Company’s Board of Directors. This right shall be subject to our approval, which shall not be unreasonably withheld. The observer to the Board will be entitled to receive up to $6,000 of reimbursed travel expenses per meeting attended in person, subject to a maximum of $12,000 per year, which amount is not in excess of the amount payable for the Company’s independent directors.

(b) Your Covenants . You covenant with the Company as follows:

(i) Information Provided . You have not provided and will not provide to the purchasers of Shares any written or oral information regarding the business of the Company, including any representations regarding the Company’s financial condition or financial prospects, other than such information as is contained in the Prospectus. You further covenant that, in connection with the Offering you will use your best efforts to comply with such purchaser suitability requirements

(ii) Prospectus Supplements . Until the termination of this Agreement, if any event affecting the Prospectus, the Company or you shall occur which, in the opinion of counsel to the Company, should be set forth in a supplement to the Prospectus, you agree to distribute each supplement of the Prospectus to each person who has previously received a copy of the Prospectus from you and you further agree to include such supplement in all future deliveries of the Prospectus. You agree that following notice from the Company that a supplement to the Prospectus is necessary, you will cease further efforts to sell the Shares until such a supplement is prepared and delivered to you.

(iii) Compliance with Laws, Etc . In your sale of the Shares, you will comply in all material respects with applicable laws, rules and regulations and the rules and regulations of applicable self-regulatory organizations (provided, however, that you shall be deemed not to have breached this covenant if your failure to so comply is based on a breach by the Company of any of its representations, warranties or covenants contained in this Agreement and you shall have complied with Section 5.(b)(ii) above.

6. Payment of Expenses . Whether or not the transactions contemplated by this Agreement are consummated or this Agreement is terminated, and subject to the provisions of Section 10 of this Agreement, the Company hereby agrees that it will pay all fees and expenses incident to the performance of its obligations under this Agreement (excluding fees and expenses of counsel for you, except as specifically set forth below), including (a) the preparation, printing and filing of the Registration Statement (including financial statements and exhibits), as

 

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originally filed and as amended, the Preliminary Prospectuses and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto, and the cost of furnishing copies thereof to you, (b) the preparation, printing, and distribution of this Agreement, any selected dealer agreement, the certificates representing the Shares, the blue sky memoranda, and any instruments relating to any of the foregoing, (c) the issuance and delivery of the Shares, including any transfer taxes payable thereon, (d) the fees and disbursements of the Company’s counsel and accountants, (e) the qualification of the Shares under applicable securities laws in accordance with Section 5.(a) of this Agreement and any filing fee paid in connection with the review of the Offering by FINRA, including filing fees and fees and disbursements made in connection therewith and in connection with the blue sky memoranda supplied to you by counsel for the Company, (f) all costs, fees, and expenses in connection with the application for qualifying the Shares for quotation on the NASDAQ Capital Market, (g) the transfer agent’s and registrar’s fees and all miscellaneous expenses referred to in the Registration Statement, (h) costs related to travel and lodging incurred by the Company and its representatives relating to meetings with and presentations to prospective purchasers of the Shares reasonably determined by you to be necessary or desirable to effect the sale of the Shares to the public, (i) any escrow arrangements in connection with the transactions described herein, including any compensation or reimbursement to the Escrow Agent for its services as such, and (j) all other costs and expenses incident to the performance of the Company’s obligations hereunder that are not otherwise specifically provided for in this Section.

7. Conditions of Your Obligations . Your obligations hereunder shall be subject to, in your discretion, the following terms and conditions:

(a) Effectiveness of Registration Statement . The Registration Statement shall have become effective not later than 5:30 p.m. on the date of this Agreement or, at such later time or on such later date as you may agree to in writing; and as of the Closing Date no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement shall have been issued under the 1933 Act and no proceedings for that purpose shall have been instituted or shall be pending or, to your knowledge or the knowledge of the Company, shall be contemplated by the Commission, and any request on the part of the Commission for additional information shall have been complied with to the satisfaction of your counsel.

(b) Closing Date Matters . On the Closing Date, (i) the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, as they may then be amended or supplemented, shall contain all statements that are required to be stated therein under the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations and in all material respects shall conform to the requirements of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations; the Company shall have complied in all material respects with Rule 430A (if it shall have elected to rely thereon) and neither the Registration Statement nor the Prospectus, as they may then be amended or supplemented, shall contain an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, (ii) there shall not have been, since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, any material adverse change in the business, prospects, properties, assets, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, (iii) no action, suit or proceeding at law or in equity shall be pending or, to the Company’s knowledge, threatened against the Company that would be required to be set forth in the Prospectus other than as set forth therein and no proceedings shall be pending or, to the knowledge of the Company, threatened against the Company before or by any applicable or other commission, board or administrative agency wherein an unfavorable decision, ruling or finding could materially adversely affect the business, prospects, assets, results of operations or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company other than as set forth in the Prospectus, (iv) the Company shall have complied with all agreements and satisfied all conditions on their part to be performed or satisfied on or prior to the Closing Date, and (v) the representations and warranties of the Company set forth in Section 2 of this Agreement shall be accurate in all material respects as though expressly made at and as of the Closing Date. On the Closing Date, you shall have received a certificate executed by the Chief Executive Officer of the Company, dated as of the Closing Date, to such effect and with respect to the following additional matters: (A) the Registration Statement has become effective under the 1933 Act and no stop order suspending the effectiveness of the Registration Statement or preventing or suspending the use of the Prospectus has been issued, and no proceedings for that purpose have been instituted or are pending or, to his knowledge, threatened under the 1933 Act; and (B) he has reviewed the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and, when the Registration Statement became effective and at all times subsequent thereto up to the delivery of such certificate, the Registration Statement and the Prospectus and any amendments or supplements thereto contained all statements and information required to be included therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading and neither the Registration Statement nor the Prospectus nor any amendment or supplement thereto contained any untrue statement of a material fact or omitted to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and, since the effective date of the Registration Statement, there has occurred no event required to be set forth in an amended or supplemented Prospectus that has not been so set forth.

 

10


(c) Opinion of Beijing Kang Da Law Firm . At the Closing Date, you shall receive the opinion of Beijing Kang Da Law Firm, counsel for the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to you, to the effect of Exhibit B .

(d) Opinion of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C. At the Closing Date, you shall receive the opinion of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., British Virgin Islands counsel to the Company, in form and substance reasonably satisfactory to you, to the effect of Exhibit C .

(e) Opinion of Your Counsel . At the Closing Date, you shall receive the favorable opinion of Kaufman & Canoles, P.C., your counsel, with respect to such matters as you may reasonably require and the Company shall have furnished to such counsel such documents as they may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling them to pass on such matters.

(f) Independent Public Accountants . At the time that this Agreement is executed by the Company, you shall have received from Friedman LLP a letter, dated the date hereof, in form and substance satisfactory to you, confirming that they are independent public accountants with respect to the Company within the meanings of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations, and stating in effect that:

(i) in their opinion, the financial statements and any supplementary financial information and schedule included in the Registration Statement and covered by their opinion therein comply as to form and in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations;

(ii) on the basis of limited procedures (set forth in detail in such letter and made in accordance with such procedures as may be specified by you) not constituting an audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, consisting of (but not limited to) a reading of the latest available internal unaudited financial statements of the Company, a reading of the minute books of the Company, inquiries of officials of the Company responsible for financial and accounting matters, and such other inquiries and procedures as may be specified in such letter, nothing came to their attention to cause them to believe that:

(A) the unaudited financial statements and supporting schedule and other unaudited financial data of the Company included in the Registration Statement do not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations or are not presented in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles applied on a basis substantially consistent with that of the audited financial statements included in the Registration Statement;

(B) any other unaudited income statement data and balance sheet items included in the Prospectus do not agree with the corresponding items in the unaudited financial statements from which such data and items were derived, and any such unaudited data and items were not determined on a basis substantially consistent with the basis for the corresponding amounts in the audited financial statements included in the Prospectus;

(C) any unaudited pro forma financial information included in the Prospectus does not comply as to form in all material respects with the applicable accounting requirements of the 1933 Act and the Rules and Regulations or the pro forma adjustments have not been properly applied to historical amounts in the compilation of that information;

(D) at a specified date not more than five (5) days prior to the date of such letter, there was any change in the capital stock or long-term debt or obligations of the Company or there were any decreases in net current assets or net assets, shareholders’ equity, or other items specified by you from that set forth in the Company’s balance sheet at December 31, 2008, except as described in such letter; and

(E) for the period from December 31, 2008 to a specified date not more than five (5) days prior to the date of such letter, there were any decreases in revenues or operating income before interest, depreciation and amortization for the Company, in each case as compared with the corresponding period of the preceding year, except in each case for decreases that the Prospectus discloses have occurred or may occur or that are described in such letter; and

 

11


(iii) in addition to the procedures referred to in clause (ii) above and the examination referred to in their reports including in the Registration Statement, they have carried out certain specified procedures, not constituting an audit in accordance with generally accepted auditing standards, with respect to certain amounts, percentages, and financial information specified by you that are derived from the general accounting records of the Company, that appear in the Registration Statement or the exhibits or schedules thereto and are specified by you, and have compared such amounts, percentages, and financial information with the accounting records of the Company and with material derived from such records and have found them to be in agreement.

(f) Updated Comfort Letter . At the Closing Date, you shall have received from Friedman LLP a letter, in form and substance satisfactory to you and dated as of the Closing Date, to the effect that they reaffirm the statements made in the letter furnished pursuant to Section 7.(e) above, except that the specified date referred to shall be a date not more than five (5) days prior to the Closing Date.

(g) Post-Financial Developments . In the event that either of the letters to be delivered pursuant to Sections 7.(e) and 7.(f) above sets forth any changes, decreases or increases, it shall be a further condition to your obligations that you shall have reasonably determined, after discussions with officers of the Company responsible for financial and accounting matters and with Friedman LLP, that such changes, decreases or increases as are set forth in such letter do not reflect a material adverse change in the capital stock, long-term debt, obligations under capital leases, total assets, net current assets, or shareholders’ equity of the Company as compared with the amounts shown in the latest consolidated pro forma balance sheet of the Company, or a material adverse change in the revenues or operating income before interest, depreciation and amortization for the Company in each case as compared with the corresponding period of the prior year.

(h) Additional Information . On the Closing Date, you shall have been furnished with all such documents, certificates and opinions as you may reasonably request for the purpose of enabling your counsel to pass upon the issuance and sale of the Shares as contemplated in this Agreement and the matters referred to in Section 7.(b), and in order to evidence the accuracy and completeness of, any of the representations, warranties or statements of the Company, the performance of any of the covenants of the Company, or the fulfillment of any of the conditions herein contained; and all proceedings taken by the Company at or prior to the Closing Date in connection with the authorization, issuance and sale of the Shares as contemplated in this Agreement, shall be satisfactory in form and substance to you and to your counsel. The Company will furnish you with such number of conformed copies of such opinions, certificates, letters and documents as you shall reasonably request. Any certificate signed by any officer, partner, or other official of the Company and delivered to you or your counsel shall be deemed a representation and warranty by the Company to you as to the statements made therein.

(i) Adverse Events . Subsequent to the date hereof, there shall not have occurred any of the following: (i) a suspension or material limitation in trading in securities generally on the New York Stock Exchange, the NASDAQ National Market or the NASDAQ Capital Market, (ii) a general moratorium on commercial banking activities in the People’s Republic of China or New York, (iii) the outbreak or escalation of hostilities involving the United States or the People’s Republic of China or the declaration by the United States or the People’s Republic of China of a national emergency or war if the effect of any such event specified in this clause (iii) in your reasonable judgment makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering or the delivery of the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus, or (iv) such a material adverse change in general economic, political, financial or international conditions affecting financial markets in the United States or the People’s Republic of China having a material adverse impact on trading prices of securities in general, as, in your reasonable judgment, makes it impracticable or inadvisable to proceed with the public offering of the Shares or the delivery of the Shares on the terms and in the manner contemplated in the Prospectus.

(j) FINRA Review . FINRA, upon review of the terms of the Offering, shall not have objected to the Offering, the terms of the offering or your participation in the Offering.

(k) NASDAQ Quotation . The Shares shall be approved for quotation on The NASDAQ Capital Market.

If any of the conditions specified in this Section 7 shall not have been fulfilled when and as required by this Agreement to be fulfilled, this Agreement may be terminated by you on notice to the Company at any time at or prior to the Closing Date, and such termination shall be without liability of any party to any other party, except as provided in Sections 6 and 10. Notwithstanding any such termination, the provisions of Section 8 shall remain in effect.

 

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8. Indemnification and Contribution .

(a) Indemnification by the Company . The Company will indemnify and hold you harmless against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities, joint or several, to which you may become subject under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any breach of any representation, warranty or covenant of the Company herein contained or any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, and will reimburse you for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by you in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action; provided, however, that the Company shall not be liable in any such case to the extent that any such loss, claim, damage, or liability arises out of or is based upon an untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission made in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus, or any such amendment or supplement, in reliance upon and in conformity with written information furnished to the Company by you expressly for use therein; provided further, that the indemnity agreement contained in Section 8.(a) with respect to any Preliminary Prospectus shall not inure to your benefit if you failed to send or give a copy of the Prospectus to such person at or prior to the written confirmation of the sale of such Shares to such person in any case where such delivery is required by the 1933 Act or the Rules and Regulations and if the Prospectus would have cured any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission giving rise to such loss, claim, damage, or liability. In addition to its other obligations under this Section 8.(a), the Company agrees that, as an interim measure during the pendency of any such claim, action, investigation, inquiry, or other proceeding arising out of or based upon any statement or omission, or any alleged statement or omission, described in this Section 8.(a), it will reimburse you on a monthly basis for all reasonable legal and other expenses incurred in connection with investigating or defending any such claim, action, investigation, inquiry, or other proceeding, notwithstanding the absence of a judicial determination as to the propriety and enforceability of the Company’s obligation to reimburse you for such expenses and the possibility that such payments might later be held to have been improper by a court of competent jurisdiction. Any such interim reimbursement payments that are not made to you within thirty (30) days of a request for reimbursement shall bear interest at the prime rate (or reference rate or other commercial lending rate for borrowers of the highest credit standing) published from time to time by The Wall Street Journal (the “Prime Rate”) from the date of such request. This indemnity agreement shall be in addition to any liabilities that the Company may otherwise have. For purposes of this Section 8, the information set forth in the last paragraph on the front cover page (insofar as such information relates to you) and under “Placement” in any Preliminary Prospectus and in the Prospectus constitutes the only information furnished by you to the Company for inclusion in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Prospectus, or the Registration Statement. The Company will not, without your prior written consent, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened action or claim or related cause of action or portion of such cause of action in respect of which indemnification may be sought hereunder (whether or not you are a party to such action or claim), unless such settlement, compromise, or consent includes an unconditional release of you from all liability arising out of such action or claim (or related cause of action or portion thereof). The indemnity agreement in this Section 8.(a) shall extend upon the same terms and conditions to, and shall inure to the benefit of, each person, if any, who controls you within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act to the same extent as such agreement applies to you.

(b) Indemnification by You . You will indemnify and hold harmless the Company against any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities to which the Company may become subject, under the 1933 Act, the 1934 Act, or otherwise, insofar as such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) arise out of or are based upon any breach of any warranty or covenant by you herein contained or any untrue statement or alleged untrue statement of a material fact contained in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, or the Prospectus, or any amendment or supplement thereto, or arise out of or are based upon the omission or alleged omission to state therein a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading, in each case to the extent, but only to the extent, that (i) such untrue statement or alleged untrue statement or omission or alleged omission was made in any Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement, or the Prospectus or any such amendment or supplement thereto in reliance upon and in conformity with written

 

13


information furnished to the Company by you expressly for use therein, or (ii) you failed to deliver an amendment or supplement to the Prospectus that the Company made available to you prior to the Closing Date and that corrected any statement or omission in a Preliminary Prospectus, the Registration Statement or the Prospectus which forms the basis for a claim against the Company; and will reimburse the Company for any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by the Company in connection with investigating or defending any such loss, claim, damage, liability, or action. In addition to its other obligations under this Section 8.(b), you agree that, as an interim measure during the pendency of any such claim, action, investigation, inquiry, or other proceeding arising out of or based upon any statement or omission, or any alleged statement or omission, described in this Section 8.(b), you will reimburse the Company on a monthly basis for all reasonable legal and other expenses incurred in connection with investigating or defending any such claim, action, investigation, inquiry, or other proceeding, notwithstanding the absence of a judicial determination as to the propriety and enforceability of your obligation to reimburse the Company for such expenses and the possibility that such payments might later been held to have been improper by a court of competent jurisdiction. Any such interim reimbursement payments that are not made to the Company within thirty (30) days of a request for reimbursement shall bear interest at the Prime Rate from the date of such request. This indemnity agreement shall be in addition to any liabilities that you may otherwise have. You will not, without the Company’s prior written consent, settle or compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment in any pending or threatened action or claim or related cause of action or portion of such cause of action in respect of which indemnification may be sought hereunder (whether or not the Company is a party to such action or claim), unless such settlement, compromise, or consent includes an unconditional release of the Company from all liability arising out of such action or claim (or related cause of action or portion thereof). The indemnity agreement in this Section 8.(b) shall extend upon the same terms and conditions to, and shall inure to the benefit of, each officer and director of the Company and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of the 1933 Act or the 1934 Act to the same extent as such agreement applies to the Company.

(c) Notices of Claims; Employment of Counsel . Any party that proposes to assert the right to be indemnified under this Section 8 promptly shall notify in writing each party against which a claim is to be made under this Section 8 of the institution of such action but the omission so to notify such indemnifying party of any such action shall not relieve it from any liability it may have to any indemnified party except (i) to the extent that the omission to notify shall have caused or increased the indemnifying party’s liability, and (ii) that the indemnifying party shall be relieved of its indemnity obligation for expenses of the indemnified party incurred before the indemnifying party is notified. Such indemnifying party or parties shall assume the defense of such action, including the employment of counsel (satisfactory to the indemnified party) and payment of fees and expenses. An indemnified party shall have the right to employ its own counsel in any such case, but the fees and expenses of such counsel shall be at the expense of such indemnified party unless the employment of such counsel shall have been authorized in writing by the indemnifying party or parties in connection with the defense of such action or the indemnifying party or parties shall not have employed counsel to have charge of the defense of such action or such indemnified party or parties reasonably shall have concluded that there may be defenses available to it or them that are different from or additional to those available to such indemnifying party or parties (in which case such indemnifying party or parties shall not have the right to direct the defense of such action on behalf of the indemnified party or parties), in any of which events such fees and expenses shall be borne by such indemnifying party or parties. Anything in this paragraph to the contrary notwithstanding, an indemnifying party shall not be liable for any settlement of any such claim or action effected without its written consent.

(d) Arbitration . It is agreed that any controversy arising out of the operation of the interim reimbursement arrangements set forth in Sections 8.(a) and 8.(b) hereof, including the amounts of any requested reimbursement payments, the method of determining such amounts and the basis on which such amounts shall be apportioned among the indemnifying parties, shall be settled by arbitration conducted pursuant to the Code of Arbitration Procedure of the FINRA. Any such arbitration must be commenced by service of a written demand for arbitration or a written notice of intention to arbitrate, therein electing the arbitration tribunal. In the event the party demanding arbitration does not make such designation of an arbitration tribunal in such demand or notice, then the party responding to said demand or notice is authorized to do so. Any such arbitration will be limited to the operation of the interim reimbursement provisions contained in Sections 8.(a) and 8.(b) hereof and will not resolve the ultimate propriety or enforceability of the obligation to indemnify for expenses that is created by the provisions of Sections 8.(a) and 8.(b).

(e) Contribution . If the indemnification provided for in Section 8.(a) or 8.(b) is unavailable to or insufficient to hold harmless an indemnified party in respect of any losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions

 

14


in respect thereof) referred to therein, then the Company on the one hand and you on the other shall contribute to the amount paid or payable as a result of such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and you on the other from the Offering. If, however, the allocation provided by the immediately preceding sentence is not permitted by applicable law, then the Company and you shall contribute to such amount paid or payable in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect not only such relative benefits but also the relative fault of the Company on the one hand and you on the other in connection with the statements or omissions that resulted in such losses, claims, damages, or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof), as well as any other relevant equitable considerations. The relative benefits received by the Company on the one hand and you on the other shall be deemed to be in the same proportion as the total net proceeds from the Offering (before deducting expenses) received by the Company bear to the total selling commissions received by you in each case as set forth in the table on the cover page of the Prospectus. The relative fault shall be determined by reference to, among other things, whether the untrue or allegedly untrue statement of a material fact or the omission or alleged omission to state a material fact relates to information supplied by the Company on the one hand or to information with respect to you and furnished by you respectively, in writing specifically for inclusion in the Prospectus on the other and the parties’ relative intent, knowledge, access to information, and opportunity to correct or prevent such statement or omission. The Company and you agree that it would not be just and equitable if contribution pursuant to this Section 8.(e) were determined by pro rata allocation or by any other method of allocation that does not take account of the equitable considerations referred to above in this Section 8.(e). The amount paid or payable as a result of the losses, claims, damages or liabilities (or actions in respect thereof) referred to above in this Section 8.(e) shall be deemed to include any legal or other expenses reasonably incurred by any such party in connection with investigating or defending any such action or claim. No person guilty of fraudulent misrepresentation (within the meaning of Section 11(f) of the 1933 Act) with respect to the transactions giving rise to the right of contribution provided in this Section 8.(e) shall be entitled to contribution from any person who was not guilty of such fraudulent misrepresentation. The obligations in this Section 8.(e) for you to contribute are several in proportion to your respective underwriting obligations and not joint. For purposes of this Section 8.(e), each person, if any, who controls you within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act shall have the same rights to contribution as you, and each director of the Company who signed the Registration Statement, and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the 1933 Act, shall have the same rights to contribution as the Company.

9. Representations and Agreements to Survive . Except as the context otherwise requires, all representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained in this Agreement shall remain operative and in full force and effect regardless of any investigation made by you, or on your behalf, or by any controlling person, or by or on behalf of the Company, and shall survive until the fifth anniversary of the Offering Termination Date and the termination of this Agreement pursuant to Section 10 hereof.

10. Termination of Agreement .

(a) Termination of Agreement . You shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at any time prior to the Closing Date (i) if any representation or warranty of the Company hereunder shall be found to have been incorrect or misleading in any material respect when made or the Company shall fail, refuse, or be unable to perform any of its agreements hereunder or to fulfill any condition of your obligations hereunder, (ii) if there shall have been since the respective dates as of which information is given in the Registration Statement, a material adverse change, or any development which could reasonably be expected to result in a prospective material adverse change, in or affecting the business, prospects, management, properties, assets, results of operations, or condition (financial or otherwise) of the Company, whether or not arising in the ordinary course of business, (iii) if trading on any national securities exchange shall have been suspended (other than for reasons unrelated to the securities markets), or minimum or maximum prices for trading generally shall have been fixed or maximum ranges for prices for all securities shall have been required on any such exchange by such exchange or by order of the Commission or any other governmental authority having jurisdiction, (iv) if there has occurred or accelerated any outbreak of hostilities or other national or international calamity or crisis or change in economic or political conditions the effect of which on the financial markets of the United States is such as to make it, in your reasonable judgment, impracticable to market the Shares or enforce contracts for the sale of the Shares, (v) if a banking moratorium has been declared by Virginia, New York or U.S. authorities, (vi) any applicable statute, regulation, rule, or order of any court or other governmental authority has been enacted, published, decreed, or otherwise promulgated that in your sole judgment materially adversely affects or will materially adversely affect the business or operations of the Company, or (vii) any action has been taken by any applicable government or agency in respect of its monetary or fiscal affairs that in your reasonable opinion has a material adverse effect on the securities markets in the United States. You shall have no liability to the Company pursuant to this Agreement or otherwise as a result of any such termination.

 

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(b) Result of Termination .

(i) If the sale of Shares provided for herein is not consummated by May 31, 2010 due to reasons beyond the control of either party hereto or if the Company abandons the Offering for reasons within its control, then in addition to its obligations with respect to expenses as set forth in Section 6, the Company will reimburse you on demand for all your reasonable out-of-pocket expenses (including the fees and expenses of your counsel), including disbursements reasonably incurred by you in reviewing the Registration Statement and the Prospectus, and in investigating and making preparations for the marketing of the Shares up to a maximum of $75,000.

(ii) If the sale of the Shares provided for herein is not consummated for any other reason, the Company shall pay expenses as required by Section 6, and the neither party shall have any additional liability to the other except for such liabilities, if any, as may exist or thereafter arise under Section 8.

11. Notices .

(a) Method and Location of Notices . All communications hereunder, except as herein otherwise specifically provided, shall be in writing and shall be sent by overnight courier, hand-delivered or telecopied and confirmed as follows:

To the Company:

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

1223 Epoch Center

No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road

Haidian District

Beijing 100089

People’s Republic of China

with a copy to:

Beijing Kang Da Law Firm

2301 Citic Building

No. 19 Jianguomenwai Street

Beijing, PRC 10004

To you:

Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated

707 East Main Street

20 th Floor

Richmond, Virginia 23219

Attention: Mr. L. McCarthy Downs, III

with a copy to:

Kaufman & Canoles, P.C.

Three James Center

1051 East Cary Street, 12 th Floor

Richmond, Virginia 23219

Attention: Bradley A. Haneberg, Esquire

(b) Time of Notices . Notice shall be deemed to be given by you to the Company or by the Company to you when it is sent by overnight courier, hand-delivered or telecopied as provided in Section 11.(a).

12. Parties . This Agreement shall inure solely to the benefit of and shall be binding upon you, the Company and the controlling persons referred to in Section 8, and their respective successors, legal representatives and assigns, and no other person shall have or be construed to have a legal or equitable right, remedy or claim under or in respect of or by virtue of this Agreement or any provision herein contained.

 

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13. Governing Law, Construction, and Time . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia. Specified time of day refers to United States Eastern Time. Time shall be of the essence of this Agreement.

14. Description Headings . The descriptive headings of the several sections and paragraphs of this Agreement are inserted for convenience only and do not constitute a part of this Agreement.

15. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, and if executed in more than one counterpart, the executed counterparts shall together constitute a single instrument.

If the foregoing correctly sets forth the understanding between you and the Company, please so indicate in the space provided below for that purpose, whereupon this letter shall constitute a binding agreement between us.

 

Very truly yours,
DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED
By:    
Name:   Ping Chen
Title:   Chief Executive Officer

Confirmed and accepted as of the date first above written:

 

ANDERSON & STRUDWICK, INCORPORATED
By:    
Name:   L. McCarthy Downs, III
Title:   Senior Vice President

 

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EXHIBIT A

Form of Warrant

 

18


EXHIBIT B

Form of Beijing Kang Da Law Firm Opinion

 

19


EXHIBIT C

Form of Kaufman & Canoles Opinion

 

20

Exhibit 3(i).1

TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS

THE BVI BUSINESS COMPANIES ACT, 2004

AMENDED AND RESTATED

ARTICLES OF ASSOCIATION

OF

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

A COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

 

1. REGISTERED SHARES

 

1.1 Every Shareholder is entitled to a certificate signed by a Director or officer of the Company, or any other person authorized by Resolution of Directors, specifying the number of Shares held by him and the signature of the Director, officer or authorized person and the Seal may be facsimiles. A certificate may be issued in electronic form in accordance with the Electronic Transactions Act, 2001 as from time to time amended or re-enacted.

 

1.2 Any Shareholder receiving a certificate shall indemnify and hold the Company and its directors and officers harmless from any loss or liability which it or they may incur by reason of any wrongful or fraudulent use or representation made by any person by virtue of the possession thereof. If a certificate for Shares is worn out or lost it may be renewed on production of the worn out certificate or on satisfactory proof of its loss together with such indemnity as may be required and determined under the Company’s policy as set by Resolution of Directors.

 

1.3 If several Persons are registered as joint holders of any Shares, any one of such Persons may give an effectual receipt for any Distribution.

 

2. SHARES

 

2.1 Shares and other Securities may be issued at such times, to such Persons, for such consideration and on such terms as the Directors may by Resolution of Directors determine.

 

2.2 Section 46 of the Act ( Pre-emptive Rights ) does not apply to the Company.

 

2.3 A Share may be issued for consideration in any form, including money, a promissory note, or other written obligation to contribute money or property, real property, personal property (including goodwill and know-how), services rendered or a contract for future services.

 

2.4 The consideration for a Share with par value shall not be less than the par value of the Share. If a Share with par value is issued for consideration less than the par value, the person to whom the Share is issued is liable to pay to the Company an amount equal to the difference between the issue price and the par value.

 

2.5 No Shares may be issued for a consideration other than money, unless a Resolution of Directors has been passed stating:

 

  (a) the amount to be credited for the issue of the Shares;


  (b) the determination of the Directors of the reasonable present cash value of the non-money consideration for the issue; and

 

  (c) that, in the opinion of the Directors, the present cash value of the non-money consideration for the issue is not less than the amount to be credited for the issue of the Shares.

 

2.6 The Company shall keep a register (the “ register of members ”) containing:

 

  (a) the names and addresses of the Persons who hold Shares;

 

  (b) the number of each class and series of Shares held by each Shareholder;

 

  (c) the date on which the name of each Shareholder was entered in the register of members; and

 

  (d) the date on which any Person ceased to be a Shareholder.

 

2.7 The register of members may be in any such form as the Directors may approve, but if it is in magnetic, electronic or other data storage form, the Company must be able to produce legible evidence of its contents. Until the Directors otherwise determine, the magnetic, electronic or other data storage form shall be the original register of members.

 

2.8 A Share is deemed to be issued when the name of the Shareholder is entered in the register of members.

 

2.9 The entry of the name of a Person in the register of members as a holder of a Share is prima facie evidence that legal title in the Share vests in that Person.

 

2.10 No share may be issued by the Company that:

 

  (a) increases the liability of a person to the Company; or

 

  (b) imposes a new liability on a person to the Company,

unless that person, or an authorized agent of that person, agrees in writing to becoming the holder of the share.

 

3. REDEMPTION OF SHARES AND TREASURY SHARES

 

3.1 The Company may purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire and hold its own Shares save that the Company may not, except pursuant to Article 3.7, purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire its own Shares without the consent of Shareholders whose Shares are to be purchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired unless the Company is permitted by the Act or any other provision in the Memorandum or Articles to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire the Shares without their consent.

 

3.2 The Company may only offer to purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire Shares if the Resolution of Directors authorizing the purchase, redemption or other acquisition contains a statement that the Directors are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that immediately after the acquisition the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due.

 

3.3 Sections 60 ( Process for acquisition of own shares ), 61 ( Offer to one or more shareholders ) and 62 ( Shares redeemed otherwise than at the option of company ) of the Act shall not apply to the Company.

 

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3.4 Shares that the Company purchases, redeems or otherwise acquires pursuant to this Article may be cancelled or held as Treasury Shares except to the extent that such Shares are in excess of 50% of the issued Shares in which case they shall be cancelled to the extent of such excess but they shall be available for reissue.

 

3.5 All rights and obligations attaching to a Treasury Share are suspended and shall not be exercised by the Company while it holds the Share as a Treasury Share.

 

3.6 Treasury Shares may be transferred by the Company on such terms and conditions (not otherwise inconsistent with the Memorandum and the Articles) as the Company may by Resolution of Directors determine.

 

3.7 Where:

 

  (a) the Company undertakes any division of the issued Shares pursuant to section 40A of the Act, and

 

  (b) pursuant to such division a Shareholder holds a total number of Shares which includes a fractional Share,

the Company may compulsorily redeem such fractional Share so that (subsequent to such redemption) the Shareholder holds a whole number of Shares.

 

4. MORTGAGES AND CHARGES OF SHARES

 

4.1 Shareholders may mortgage or charge their Shares.

 

4.2 There shall be entered in the register of members at the written request of the Shareholder:

 

  (a) a statement that the Shares held by him are mortgaged or charged;

 

  (b) the name of the mortgagee or chargee; and

 

  (c) the date on which the particulars specified in subparagraphs (a) and (b) are entered in the register of members.

 

4.3 Where particulars of a mortgage or charge are entered in the register of members, such particulars may be cancelled:

 

  (a) with the written consent of the named mortgagee or chargee or anyone authorized to act on his behalf; or

 

  (b) upon evidence satisfactory to the Directors of the discharge of the liability secured by the mortgage or charge and the issue of such indemnities as the Directors shall consider necessary or desirable.

 

4.4 Whilst particulars of a mortgage or charge over Shares are entered in the register of members pursuant to this Article:

 

  (a) no transfer of any Share the subject of those particulars shall be effected;

 

  (b) the Company may not purchase, redeem or otherwise acquire any such Share; and

 

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  (c) no replacement certificate shall be issued in respect of such Shares, without the written consent of the named mortgagee or chargee.

 

5. FORFEITURE

 

5.1 Shares that are not fully paid on issue are subject to the forfeiture provisions set forth in this Article and for this purpose Shares issued for a promissory note, other written obligation to contribute money or property or a contract for future services are deemed to be not fully paid.

 

5.2 A written notice of call specifying the date for payment to be made shall be served on the Shareholder who defaults in making payment in respect of the Shares.

 

5.3 The written notice of call referred to in Article 5.2 shall name a further date not earlier than the expiration of 14 days from the date of service of the notice on or before which the payment required by the notice is to be made and shall contain a statement that in the event of non-payment at or before the time named in the notice the Shares, or any of them, in respect of which payment is not made will be liable to be forfeited.

 

5.4 Where a written notice of call has been issued pursuant to Article 5.3 and the requirements of the notice have not been complied with, the Directors may, at any time before tender of payment, forfeit and cancel the Shares to which the notice relates.

 

5.5 The Company is under no obligation to refund any moneys to the Shareholder whose Shares have been cancelled pursuant to Article 5.4 and that Shareholder shall be discharged from any further obligation to the Company with respect to such cancelled Shares.

 

6. TRANSFER AND TRANSMISSION OF SHARES

 

6.1 Shares may be transferred by a written instrument of transfer signed by the transferor and containing the name and address of the transferee, which shall be sent to the Company for registration.

 

6.2 The transfer of a Share is effective when the name of the transferee is entered on the register of members.

 

6.3 If the directors or a duly authorized committee of directors of the Company are satisfied that an instrument of transfer relating to Shares has been signed but that the instrument has been lost or destroyed, they may resolve by Resolution of Directors:

 

  (a) to accept such evidence of the transfer of Shares as they consider appropriate; and

 

  (b) that the transferee’s name should be entered in the register of members notwithstanding the absence of the instrument of transfer.

 

6.4 Subject to the Memorandum, the personal representative of a deceased Shareholder may transfer a Share even though the personal representative is not a Shareholder at the time of the transfer.

 

7. MEETINGS AND CONSENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS

 

7.1 Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Shareholders must be effected at a duly called annual or special meeting (as provided for in Articles 7.3 and 7.4) of the Shareholders entitled to vote on such action and may not be effected by a Resolution consented to in writing.

 

7.2 All meetings of Shareholders (whether annual or special) shall be held on such dates and at such places as may be fixed from time to time by the directors.

 

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7.3 A meeting of Shareholders, which shall be held no more than once in each calendar year, for such business as may come before the meeting (the “ annual meeting of Shareholders ”) shall be held at such date and time as may be determined by the directors.

 

7.4 A meeting of Shareholders other than an annual meeting of Shareholders which shall be held for the consideration of any business, including the election of directors, shall hereinafter be referred to as a “special meeting of Shareholders.” A special meeting of Shareholders may be called by the directors pursuant to a Resolution of Directors at such date, time and for the consideration of any business as may be determined by the directors, save that upon the written request of Shareholders holding at least 30 percent of the votes of the outstanding voting Shares in the Company, the directors shall convene a special meeting of Shareholders in respect of the matter for which the meeting is requested. If a special meeting of Shareholders is called upon by the written request of Shareholders pursuant to the previous sentence, then such written request must specify the nature of the business proposed to be transacted and such business must be a proper matter for Shareholder action, and, as to any proposed business or director nominations that such Shareholders propose to bring before the meeting, such Shareholder must provide with such request the information set forth in subclauses (i) through (viii) of Article 7.17(a). Furthermore, any such business must comply with, and shall be subject to, the requirements and provisions of Articles 7.16(b) and 7.17(b).

 

7.5 Written notice of all meetings of Shareholders, stating the time, place and, in the case of a special meeting of Shareholders, the purpose or purposes thereof, shall be given by the Company pursuant to a Resolution of Directors not fewer than ten days before the date of the proposed meeting to those persons whose names appear as Shareholders in the register of members on the date of the notice and are entitled to vote at the meeting.

 

7.6 The directors may fix the date notice is given of a meeting of Shareholders, or such other date as may be specified in the notice, as the record date for determining those Shares that are entitled to vote at the meeting.

 

7.7 A meeting of Shareholders may be called on short notice:

 

  (a) if Shareholders holding not less than 90 percent of the total number of Shares entitled to vote on all matters to be considered at the meeting, or 90 percent of the votes of each class or series of Shares where Shareholders are entitled to vote thereon as a class or series together with not less than a 90 percent majority of the remaining votes, have agreed to short notice of the meeting, or

 

  (b) if all Shareholders holding Shares entitled to vote on all or any matters to be considered at the meeting have waived notice of the meeting and for this purpose presence at the meeting shall be deemed to constitute waiver.

 

7.8 The inadvertent failure of the directors to give notice of a meeting to a Shareholder, or the fact that a Shareholder has not received notice, does not invalidate the meeting.

 

7.9 A Shareholder may be represented at a meeting of Shareholders by a proxy who may speak and vote on behalf of the Shareholder.

 

7.10 The instrument appointing a proxy shall be produced at the place appointed for the meeting before the time for holding the meeting at which the person named in such instrument proposes to vote.

 

7.11 An instrument appointing a proxy shall be in such form as the Directors may from time to time determine or such other form as the chairman of the meeting shall accept as properly evidencing the wishes of the Shareholder appointing the proxy.

 

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Execution of the instrument appointing a proxy may be accomplished by the Shareholder or such Shareholder’s authorized officer, director, employee or agent signing such instrument by any reasonable means, including, but not limited to, by facsimile signature. A Shareholder may authorize another person or persons to act for such Shareholder as proxy by transmitting or authorizing the transmission of such communication evidencing the Shareholder’s intention to appoint a person or persons as his proxy by means of a telegram, cablegram, or other means of electronic transmission (including but not limited to, via internet or telephone) to the person who will be the holder of the proxy or to a proxy solicitation firm, proxy support service organization or like agent duly authorized by the person who will be the holder of the proxy to receive such transmission, provided that any such telegram, cablegram or the other means of electronic transmission (which must be supported by printed evidence thereof) must be either set forth or be submitted with written information from which it can be determined that the telegram, cablegram or printed evidence of the other electronic transmission was authorized by the Shareholder. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to this Article 7.11 may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.

 

7.12 The following applies where Shares are jointly owned:

 

  (a) if two or more persons hold Shares jointly each of them may be present in person or by proxy at a meeting of Shareholders and may speak as a Shareholder;

 

  (b) if only one of the joint owners is present in person or by proxy, he may vote on behalf of all joint owners; and

 

  (c) if two or more of the joint owners are present in person or by proxy, they must vote as one.

 

7.13 Subject to such limitations, restrictions, guidelines and procedures as may be established by the directors by Resolution of Directors from time to time, a Shareholder shall be deemed to be present at a meeting of Shareholders if he participates by telephone or other electronic means and all Shareholders participating in the meeting are able to hear each other.

 

7.14 A meeting of Shareholders is duly constituted if, at the commencement of the meeting, there are present in person or by proxy not less than 50% of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote on the Resolutions of Shareholders to be considered at the meeting. If a quorum be present, notwithstanding the fact that such quorum may be represented by only a single Shareholder or proxy, then such person may pass a Resolution of Shareholders and a certificate signed by such person accompanied where such person be a proxy by a copy of the proxy instrument shall constitute a valid Resolution of Shareholders. The Shareholders present at a duly called or held meeting of Shareholders at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Shareholders to leave less than a quorum, if any action (other than adjournment) is approved by at least a majority of the Shares required to constitute a quorum.

 

7.15 If within two hours from the time appointed for the meeting a quorum is not present, the meeting, if convened upon the requisition of Shareholders, shall be dissolved; in any other case it shall stand adjourned to the next business day in the jurisdiction in which the meeting was to have been held at the same time and place or to such other time and place as the chairman of the meeting may determine, and if at the adjourned meeting there are present within one hour from the time appointed for the meeting in person or by proxy not less than one third of the votes of the Shares or each class or series of Shares entitled to vote on the matters to be considered by the meeting, those present shall constitute a quorum but otherwise the meeting shall be dissolved.

 

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7.16    (a)    At any annual meeting of Shareholders, only proposals of business which have been made in accordance with this Article shall be eligible to be brought before such meeting:
      (i)    by or at the direction of the Chairman of the Board or by Resolution of Directors;
      (ii)    by any Shareholder who is a holder of record as of the record date established pursuant to Article 7.6 who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the requirements and procedures set out in Article 7.17.
   (b)    At any special meeting of Shareholders, only such business shall be conducted as shall have been brought before the meeting pursuant to the notice of meeting made pursuant to Article 7.5.
7.17    (a)    For business to be properly brought to an annual meeting of Shareholders by a Shareholder, such business must be a proper matter for Shareholder action and the Shareholder must have given timely written notice thereof, either by personal delivery or by prepaid registered post to the Secretary of the Company (the “ Secretary ”) at the principal executive offices of the Company. To be considered timely in connection with an annual meeting of Shareholders, a Shareholder’s notice must be delivered not less than 60 days nor more than 90 days prior to the anniversary date of the prior year’s annual meeting of Shareholders; provided, however, that in the event that the date of the annual meeting of Shareholders changed by more than 30 days from such anniversary date, notice from a Shareholder shall also be considered timely if it is delivered not earlier than 90 days prior to such annual meeting nor later than the later of (i) 60 days prior to such annual meeting or (ii) the close of business on the tenth day following the day on which public disclosure is first made of the date of such annual meeting of Shareholders. For the purposes of this Article 7.17, any adjournment(s) or postponement(s) of the original annual meeting of Shareholders whereby such meeting will reconvene within 30 days from original date shall be deemed, for purposes of notice, to be a continuation of such original annual meeting of Shareholders and no business may be brought before any reconvened meeting unless such timely notice of such business was properly given to the Secretary for the meeting as originally scheduled. A Shareholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set out:
      (i)    a brief description of the proposal or the business desired to be brought before the meeting;
      (ii)    the full text of the proposal or business (including the full text of any resolutions proposed for consideration, and, in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend either the Memorandum or the Articles of the Company, the full text of the proposed amendment) and such other information regarding such proposal as would be required in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the proxy rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission had such proposal been made by the Company;
      (iii)    the reasons for making the proposal or conducting such business at the meeting;
      (iv)    a representation that the Shareholder is a holder of record of Shares in the Company entitled to vote at such meeting and that such Shareholder intends to appear in person or by a proxy at the meeting to conduct the business being proposed as specified in the notice;
      (v)    the name and address of record of the Shareholder proposing such business and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made;

 

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  (vi) the class and number of Shares of the Company which are owned beneficially or of record by such Shareholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made;

 

  (vii) any material interest of such Shareholder, and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made, in such proposal or business and a description of all relationships, arrangements or understandings between the Shareholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; and

 

  (viii) if the Shareholder or the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made intends to solicit proxies in support of such Shareholder’s or beneficial owner’s proposal, a representation to that effect.

 

(b) Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other Article contained in the Articles, nothing in Articles 7.4, 7.16(a)(ii), 7.16(b) or 7.17 shall be interpreted or construed to require the inclusion of information about any such proposal in any proxy statement distributed by, at the direction of, or on behalf of, the directors. The chairman of a meeting of Shareholders shall have the power and the duty, if the facts so warrant, to determine and declare to the meeting that business was not properly brought before the meeting in accordance with the provisions of Articles 7.4, 7.16 or 7.17 and, if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in these Articles, if a Shareholder has notified the Company of his intention to present a proposal at a meeting of Shareholders and such Shareholder does not appear or send a qualified representative, as determined by the chairman of the meeting, to present such proposal at such meeting, the Company need not present such proposal for a vote at such meeting notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the Company. Notwithstanding anything contained elsewhere in these Articles, a Shareholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in Articles 7.4, 7.16(a)(ii), 7.16(b) and 7.17. Nothing in these Articles shall be deemed to affect any rights of Shareholders to request inclusion of proposals in the Company’s proxy statement pursuant to Regulation 14A under the Exchange Act.

 

7.18 At every meeting of Shareholders, the Chairman of the Board shall preside as chairman of the meeting. If there is no Chairman of the Board or if the Chairman of the Board is not present at the meeting, the vice-Chairman of the Board shall be the chairman of the meeting. If there is no vice-Chairman of the Board or if the vice-Chairman of the Board is not present at the meeting, the chief executive officer shall be the chairman of the meeting. In the absence of the chief executive officer, such other person as shall be selected by the Board shall act as chairman of the meeting. Subject to the Memorandum and these Articles, the Board may adopt by Resolution of Directors, rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings of Shareholders as it shall deem appropriate relating to:

 

  (a) the establishment of an agenda or order of business for the meeting and other matters pertaining to the conduct of the meeting;

 

  (b) maintaining order at the meeting and the safety of those present;

 

  (c) limitations on attendance at or participation in the meeting of shareholders of record, their duly authorized and constituted proxies or such other persons as the directors or chairman of the meeting shall determine;

 

  (d) restrictions on entry to the meeting after the time fixed for commencement thereof; and

 

  (e) limitations on the time allotted to questions or comments by participants,

 

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7.19 Subject to the Memorandum, these Articles and any Resolution of Directors, the chairman of the meeting of Shareholders shall have the right and authority to prescribe rules and regulations for the conduct of meetings of Shareholders as he shall deem appropriate, including but not limited to the matters described in Articles 7.18 (a) through (e) above.

 

7.20 The chairman of the meeting may adjourn any meeting from time to time, and from place to place, but no business shall be transacted at any adjourned meeting other than the business left unfinished at the meeting from which the adjournment took place.

 

7.21 At any meeting of the Shareholders, the chairman of the meeting is responsible for deciding in such manner as he considers appropriate whether any resolution proposed has been carried or not, and the result of his decision shall be announced to the meeting (including any adjournment thereof) and recorded in the minutes of the meeting. If the chairman has any doubt as to the outcome of the vote on a proposed resolution, he shall cause a poll to be taken of all votes cast upon such resolution. If the chairman fails to take a poll, then any Shareholder present in person or by proxy who disputes the announcement by the chairman of the result of any vote may immediately following such announcement demand that a poll be taken and the chairman shall cause a poll to be taken. If a poll is taken at any meeting, the result shall be announced to the meeting (including any adjournment thereof) and recorded in the minutes of the meeting.

 

7.22 Any person other than an individual shall be regarded as one Shareholder and subject to the specific provisions hereinafter contained for the appointment of representatives of such persons the right of any individual to speak for or represent such Shareholder shall be determined by the law of the jurisdiction where, and by the documents by which, the person is constituted or derives its existence. In case of doubt, the directors may in good faith seek legal advice and unless and until a court of competent jurisdiction shall otherwise rule, the directors may rely and act upon such advice without incurring any liability to any Shareholder.

 

7.23 Any person other than an individual which is a Shareholder of the Company may by resolution of its directors or other governing body of such person authorize such person as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Shareholders or meeting of any class of Shareholders of the Company, and the person so authorized shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the person which he represents as that person could exercise if it were an individual Shareholder.

 

7.24 The chairman of any meeting at which a vote is cast by proxy or on behalf of any person other than an individual may call for a notarially certified copy of such proxy or authority which shall be produced within 7 days of being so requested or the votes cast by such proxy or on behalf of such person shall be disregarded.

 

7.25 Directors of the Company may attend and speak at any meeting of Shareholders and at any separate meeting of the holders of any class or series of Shares.

 

7.26 No business of the Company shall be conducted at a meeting of shareholders except in accordance with the provisions of this Article 7.

 

8. DIRECTORS

 

8.1 The Directors shall be elected by a resolution of Shareholders passed in accordance with Article 8.8 below.

 

8.2 No person shall be appointed as a Director, or nominated as a reserve Director, of the Company unless he has consented in writing to be a Director or to be nominated as a reserve Director.

 

8.3 The minimum number of Directors shall be one and there shall be no maximum number.

 

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8.4 The Board shall be divided into three classes of Directors, as nearly equal in numbers as the then total number of Directors permits with the term of office of one class expiring each year.

 

8.5 At the annual meeting of Shareholders in 2010:

 

  (a) Directors of the first class shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the next succeeding annual meeting of Shareholders;

 

  (b) Directors of the second class shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the second succeeding annual meeting of Shareholders; and

 

  (c) Directors of the third class shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the third succeeding annual meeting of Shareholders.

 

8.6 At every succeeding annual meeting of Shareholders, the successors to the class of Directors whose term shall then expire shall be elected to hold office for a term expiring at the third succeeding annual meeting of Shareholders.

 

8.7 A Director who retires at the annual meeting of Shareholders shall be eligible for re-election. If he is not re-elected he shall retain office until the meeting elects someone in his place, or if it does not do so, until the end of the meeting.

 

8.8 The election of Directors at each duly convened and constituted annual meeting of Shareholders shall be determined by a plurality of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote thereon in which respect of which the Shareholders holding the Shares were present at the meeting in person or by proxy and being Shares in respect of which the votes were voted.

 

8.9 Each Director holds office for the term, if any, fixed by the Resolution of Shareholders appointing him, or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

 

8.10 The Directors may at any time appoint any person to be a Director either to fill a vacancy or as an addition to the existing Directors. Where the Directors appoint a person as a Director to fill a vacancy or as an additional Director the term of appointment for that new Director shall not exceed the term that remained when the person who has ceased to be a Director ceased to hold office.

 

8.11 A vacancy in relation to Directors occurs if a Director dies or otherwise ceases to hold office prior to the expiration of his term of office.

 

8.12 Where the Company only has one Shareholder who is an individual and that Shareholder is also the sole Director, the sole Shareholder/Director may, by instrument in writing, nominate a person who is not disqualified from being a Director as a reserve director of the Company to act in the place of the sole Director in the event of his death.

 

8.13 The nomination of a person as a reserve director of the Company ceases to have effect if:

 

  (a) before the death of the sole Shareholder/Director who nominated him,

 

  (i) he resigns as reserve director, or

 

  (ii) the sole Shareholder/Director revokes the nomination in writing; or

 

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  (b) the sole Shareholder/Director who nominated him ceases to be able to be the sole Shareholder/Director for any reason other than his death.

 

8.14 The Company shall keep a register of directors containing:

 

  (a) the names and addresses of the persons who are directors of the Company or who have been nominated as reserve directors of the Company;

 

  (b) the date on which each person whose name is entered in the register was appointed as a director, or nominated as a reserve director, of the Company;

 

  (c) the date on which each person named as a director ceased to be a director of the Company;

 

  (d) the date on which the nomination of any person nominated as a reserve director ceased to have effect; and

 

  (e) such other information as may be prescribed by the Act.

 

8.15 The register of directors may be kept in any such form as the Directors may approve, but if it is in magnetic, electronic or other data storage form, the Company must be able to produce legible evidence of its contents. Until a Resolution of Directors determining otherwise is passed, the magnetic, electronic or other data storage shall be the original register of directors.

 

8.16 A Director is not required to hold a Share as a qualification to office.

 

8.17 A Director may be removed from office, with cause, by a Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors passed at a meeting of directors called for the purpose of removing the director or for purposes including the removal of the director.

 

8.18 Without prejudice to the provisions of retirement by rotation hereinafter contained, the office of a Director shall be vacated in any of the events following, namely:

 

  (a) if he resigns his office by notice in writing delivered to the registered office or tendered at a meeting of the Board; or

 

  (b) if the Board resolves that he is through physical or mental incapacity or mental disorder no longer able to perform the functions of a Director; or

 

  (c) if he fails, without leave, to attend (whether or not an alternate Director appointed by him attends) three successive Board meetings or four Board meetings in any consecutive period of 12 months despite a notice being given to him prior to such third or fourth meeting (as the case may be) that the provisions of this paragraph might apply and not less than two-thirds of all the other Directors (excluding the Director concerned and, in his capacity as such, any alternate Director appointed by the Director concerned) resolving that his office should be vacated; or

 

  (d) if he becomes bankrupt or insolvent or makes an arrangement or composition with his creditors or applies to the Court in connection with a voluntary arrangement; or

 

  (e) any event analogous to those listed in Article 8.18(d) under the laws of any other jurisdiction occurs in relation to a Director; or

 

  (f) if he is prohibited by law from being a Director; or

 

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  (g) if he ceases to be a Director by virtue of the Act or is removed from office pursuant to these Articles.

In the case of Articles 8.18 (b) to (e) inclusive above, the Director shall be removed from office.

 

8.19 A Resolution of Directors declaring that a Director has vacated office under Article 8.18 shall be conclusive as to that fact and as to the ground of vacation as stated in the resolution.

 

8.20 Each Director shall have the power to appoint any person to be his alternate Director and may at his discretion remove such alternate Director. If such alternate Director is not another Director, such appointment, unless previously approved by the Board, shall have effect only upon and subject to it being so approved. Any appointment or removal of an alternate Director shall be effected by notice in writing signed by the appointer and delivered to the registered office or tendered at a meeting of the Board. An alternate Director shall, if his appointer so requests, be entitled to receive notices of meetings of the Board or of committees of the Board to the same extent as, but in lieu of, the Director appointing him and shall be entitled to such extent to attend at and vote as a Director at any such meeting at which the Director appointing him is not personally present and to exercise and discharge all the functions, powers and duties of his appointer as a Director and for the purposes of the proceedings at such meeting the provisions of these Articles shall apply as if he were a Director.

 

8.21 Every person acting as an alternate Director shall (except as regards power to appoint an alternate Director and remuneration) be subject in all respects to the provisions of these Articles relating to Directors and shall alone be responsible to the Company for his acts and defaults and shall not be deemed to be the agent of or for the Director appointing him. An alternate Director may be paid expenses and shall be entitled to be indemnified by the Company to the same extent mutatis mutandis as if he were a Director but shall not be entitled to receive from the Company any fee in his capacity as an alternate Director except only such part (if any) of the remuneration otherwise payable to the Director appointing him as such Director may by notice in writing to the Company from time to time direct.

 

8.22 Every person acting as an alternate Director shall have one vote for each Director for whom he acts as alternate (in addition to his own vote if he is also a Director). The signature of an alternate Director to any resolution in writing of the Board or a committee of the Board shall, unless the notice of his appointment provides to the contrary, be as effective as the signature of his appointer.

 

8.23 An alternate Director shall ipso facto cease to be an alternate Director if his appointer ceases for any reason to be a Director provided that, if at any meeting any Director retires by rotation or otherwise but is re-elected at the same meeting, any appointment made by him pursuant to this Article which was in force immediately before his retirement shall remain in force as though he had not retired.

 

8.24 Each of the Directors shall be paid a fee at such rate as may from time to time be determined by the Board provided that the aggregate of all such fees so paid to Directors (excluding amounts payable under any other Article and any amount payable under any service contract) shall not exceed US$100,000 per annum, or such higher amount as may from time to time be determined by Resolution of Shareholders.

 

8.25 As the Board determines each Director may be paid his reasonable travelling, hotel and incidental expenses of attending and returning from meetings of the Board or committees of the Board or meetings of Shareholders or separate meetings of the holders of any class or series of Shares or of debentures of the Company and shall be paid all expenses properly and reasonably incurred by him in the conduct of the Company’s business or in the discharge of his duties as a Director. Any Director who, by request, goes or resides abroad for any purposes of the Company or who performs services which in the opinion of the Board go beyond the ordinary duties of a Director may be paid such extra remuneration (whether by way of salary, commission, participation in profits or otherwise) as the Board may determine and such extra remuneration shall be in addition to any remuneration provided for by or pursuant to any other Article.

 

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9. POWERS OF DIRECTORS

 

9.1 The business and affairs of the Company shall be managed by, or under the direction or supervision of, the Directors. The Directors have all the powers necessary for managing, and for directing and supervising, the business and affairs of the Company. The Directors may pay all expenses incurred preliminary to and in connection with the incorporation of the Company and may exercise all such powers of the Company as are not by the Act or by the Memorandum or the Articles required to be exercised by the Shareholders.

 

9.2 Each Director shall exercise his powers for a proper purpose and shall not act or agree to the Company acting in a manner that contravenes the Memorandum, the Articles or the Act. Each Director, in exercising his powers or performing his duties, shall act honestly and in good faith in what the Director believes to be the best interests of the Company.

 

9.3 If the Company is the wholly owned subsidiary of a holding company, a Director may, when exercising powers or performing duties as a Director, act in a manner which he believes is in the best interests of the holding company even though it may not be in the best interests of the Company.

 

9.4 Any Director which is a body corporate may appoint any individual as its duly authorized representative for the purpose of representing it at meetings of the Directors, with respect to the signing of consents or otherwise.

 

9.5 The continuing Directors may act notwithstanding any vacancy in their body.

 

9.6 The Directors may by Resolution of Directors exercise all the powers of the Company to incur indebtedness, liabilities or obligations and to secure indebtedness, liabilities or obligations whether of the Company or of any third party. The Directors shall have unlimited power to borrow money on behalf of the Company.

 

9.7 All cheques, promissory notes, drafts, bills of exchange and other negotiable instruments and all receipts for moneys paid to the Company shall be signed, drawn, accepted, endorsed or otherwise executed, as the case may be, in such manner as shall from time to time be determined by Resolution of Directors.

 

9.8 For the purposes of Section 175 ( Disposition of assets ) of the Act, the Directors may by Resolution of Directors determine that any sale, transfer, lease, exchange or other disposition is in the usual or regular course of the business carried on by the Company and such determination is, in the absence of fraud, conclusive.

 

9.9 The Company has no power to grant loans to the Directors.

 

10. PROCEEDINGS OF DIRECTORS

 

10.1 Any one Director may call a meeting of the Directors by sending a written notice to each other Director.

 

10.2 The Directors or any committee thereof may meet at such times and in such manner and places within or outside the British Virgin Islands as the Directors may determine to be necessary or desirable.

 

10.3 A Director is deemed to be present at a meeting of Directors if he participates by telephone or other electronic means and all Directors participating in the meeting are able to hear each other.

 

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10.4 A Director shall be given not less than 3 days’ notice of meetings of Directors, but a meeting of Directors held without 3 days’ notice having been given to all Directors shall be valid if all the Directors entitled to vote at the meeting who do not attend waive notice of the meeting, and for this purpose the presence of a Director at a meeting shall constitute waiver by that Director. The inadvertent failure to give notice of a meeting to a Director, or the fact that a Director has not received the notice, does not invalidate the meeting.

 

10.5 A meeting of Directors is duly constituted for all purposes if at the commencement of the meeting there are present in person or by alternate not less than one-half of the total number of Directors, unless there are only 2 Directors in which case the quorum is 2.

 

10.6 If the Company has only one Director the provisions herein contained for meetings of Directors do not apply and such sole Director has full power to represent and act for the Company in all matters as are not by the Act, the Memorandum or the Articles required to be exercised by the Shareholders. In lieu of minutes of a meeting the sole Director shall record in writing and sign a note or memorandum of all matters requiring a Resolution of Directors. Such a note or memorandum constitutes sufficient evidence of such resolution for all purposes.

 

10.7 At meetings of Directors at which the Chairman of the Board is present, he shall preside as chairman of the meeting. If there is no Chairman of the Board or if the Chairman of the Board is not present, the Directors present shall choose one of their number to be chairman of the meeting.

 

10.8 An action that may be taken by the Directors or a committee of Directors at a meeting may also be taken by a Resolution of Directors or a resolution of a committee of Directors consented to in writing by all Directors or by all members of the committee, as the case may be, without the need for any notice. The consent may be in the form of counterparts each counterpart being signed by one or more Directors. If the consent is in one or more counterparts, and the counterparts bear different dates, then the resolution shall take effect on the date upon which the last Director has consented to the resolution by signed counterparts.

 

11. COMMITTEES

 

11.1 The Directors may, by Resolution of Directors, designate one or more committees, each consisting of one or more Directors, and delegate one or more of their powers, including the power to affix the Seal, to the committee.

 

11.2 The Directors have no power to delegate to a committee of Directors any of the following powers:

 

  (a) to amend the Memorandum or the Articles;

 

  (b) to designate committees of Directors;

 

  (c) to delegate powers to a committee of Directors;

 

  (d) to appoint or remove Directors;

 

  (e) to appoint or remove an agent;

 

  (f) to approve a plan of merger, consolidation or arrangement;

 

  (g) to make a declaration of solvency or to approve a liquidation plan; or

 

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  (h) to make a determination that immediately after a proposed Distribution the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due.

 

11.3 Articles 11.2(b) and (c) do not prevent a committee of Directors, where authorized by the Resolution of Directors appointing such committee or by a subsequent Resolution of Directors, from appointing a sub-committee and delegating powers exercisable by the committee to the sub-committee.

 

11.4 The meetings and proceedings of each committee of Directors consisting of 2 or more Directors shall be governed mutatis mutandis by the provisions of the Articles regulating the proceedings of Directors so far as the same are not superseded by any provisions in the Resolution of Directors establishing the committee.

 

11.5 Where the Directors delegate their powers to a committee of Directors they remain responsible for the exercise of that power by the committee, unless they believed on reasonable grounds at all times before the exercise of the power that the committee would exercise the power in conformity with the duties imposed on Directors under the Act.

 

12. OFFICERS AND AGENTS

 

12.1 The Company may by Resolution of Directors appoint officers of the Company at such times as may be considered necessary or expedient. Any number of offices may be held by the same person.

 

12.2 The officers shall perform such duties as are prescribed at the time of their appointment subject to any modification in such duties as may be prescribed thereafter by Resolution of Directors. In the absence of any specific prescription of duties it shall be the responsibility of the Chairman of the Board to preside at meetings of Directors and Shareholders, the Chief Executive Officer to manage the day to day affairs of the Company, the vice-presidents to act in order of seniority in the absence of the president but otherwise to perform such duties as may be delegated to them by the president, the secretaries to maintain the register of members, minute books and records (other than financial records) of the Company and to ensure compliance with all procedural requirements imposed on the Company by applicable law, and the Chief Financial Officer to be responsible for the financial affairs of the Company.

 

12.3 The emoluments of all officers shall be fixed by Resolution of Directors.

 

12.4 The officers of the Company shall hold office until their successors are duly appointed, but any officer elected or appointed by the Directors may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by Resolution of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Company may be filled by Resolution of Directors.

 

12.5 The Directors may, by Resolution of Directors, appoint any person, including a person who is a Director, to be an agent of the Company.

 

12.6 An agent of the Company shall have such powers and authority of the Directors, including the power and authority to affix the Seal, as are set forth in the Articles or in the Resolution of Directors appointing the agent, except that no agent has any power or authority with respect to the following:

 

  (a) to amend the Memorandum or the Articles;

 

  (b) to change the registered office or agent;

 

  (c) to designate committees of Directors;

 

  (d) to delegate powers to a committee of Directors;

 

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  (e) to appoint or remove Directors;

 

  (f) to appoint or remove an agent;

 

  (g) to fix emoluments of Directors;

 

  (h) to approve a plan of merger, consolidation or arrangement;

 

  (i) to make a declaration of solvency or to approve a liquidation plan;

 

  (j) to make a determination that immediately after a proposed Distribution the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due; or

 

  (k) to authorize the Company to continue as a company incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the British Virgin Islands.

 

12.7 The Resolution of Directors appointing an agent may authorize the agent to appoint one or more substitutes or delegates to exercise some or all of the powers conferred on the agent by the Company.

 

12.8 The Directors may remove an agent appointed by the Company and may revoke or vary a power conferred on him.

 

13. CONFLICT OF INTERESTS

 

13.1 A Director shall, forthwith after becoming aware of the fact that he is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the Company, disclose the interest to all other Directors.

 

13.2 For the purposes of Article 13.1, a disclosure to all other Directors to the effect that a Director is a member, director or officer of another named entity or has a fiduciary relationship with respect to the entity or a named individual and is to be regarded as interested in any transaction which may, after the date of the entry into the transaction or disclosure of the interest, be entered into with that entity or individual, is a sufficient disclosure of interest in relation to that transaction.

 

13.3 A Director who is interested in a transaction entered into or to be entered into by the Company may:

 

  (a) vote on a matter relating to the transaction;

 

  (b) attend a meeting of Directors at which a matter relating to the transaction arises and be included among the Directors present at the meeting for the purposes of a quorum; and

 

  (c) sign a document on behalf of the Company, or do any other thing in his capacity as a Director, that relates to the transaction, and, subject to compliance with the Act shall not, by reason of his office be accountable to the Company for any benefit which he derives from such transaction and no such transaction shall be liable to be avoided on the grounds of any such interest or benefit.

 

14. INDEMNIFICATION

 

14.1 Subject to the limitations hereinafter provided the Company shall indemnify against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred in connection with legal, administrative or investigative proceedings any person who:

 

  (a) is or was a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that the person is or was a Director, an officer or a liquidator of the Company; or

 

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  (b) is or was, at the request of the Company, serving as a director, an officer or a liquidator of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise.

The indemnity in Article 14.1 only applies if the person acted honestly and in good faith with a view to the best interests of the Company and, in the case of criminal proceedings, the person had no reasonable cause to believe that their conduct was unlawful.

 

14.2 The decision of the Directors as to whether the person acted honestly and in good faith and with a view to the best interests of the Company and as to whether the person had no reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful is, in the absence of fraud, sufficient for the purposes of the Articles, unless a question of law is involved.

 

14.3 The termination of any proceedings by any judgment, order, settlement, conviction or the entering of a nolle prosequi does not, by itself, create a presumption that the person did not act honestly and in good faith and with a view to the best interests of the Company or that the person had reasonable cause to believe that his conduct was unlawful.

 

14.4 Expenses, including legal fees, incurred by a Director in defending any legal, administrative or investigative proceedings may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such proceedings upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Director to repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the Director is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company in accordance with Article 14.1.

 

14.5 Expenses, including legal fees, incurred by a former Director in defending any legal, administrative or investigative proceedings may be paid by the Company in advance of the final disposition of such proceedings upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the former Director to repay the amount if it shall ultimately be determined that the former Director is not entitled to be indemnified by the Company in accordance with Article 14.1 and upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Company deems appropriate.

 

14.6 The indemnification and advancement of expenses provided by, or granted pursuant to, this section is not exclusive of any other rights to which the person seeking indemnification or advancement of expenses may be entitled under any agreement, Resolution of Shareholders, resolution of disinterested Directors or otherwise, both as acting in the person’s official capacity and as to acting in another capacity while serving as a Director.

 

14.7 If a person referred to in Article 14.1 has been successful in defense of any proceedings referred to in Article 14.1, the person is entitled to be indemnified against all expenses, including legal fees, and against all judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement and reasonably incurred by the person in connection with the proceedings.

 

14.8 The Company may purchase and maintain insurance in relation to any person who is or was a Director, officer or liquidator of the Company, or who at the request of the Company is or was serving as a director, officer or liquidator of, or in any other capacity is or was acting for, another body corporate or a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against any liability asserted against the person and incurred by the person in that capacity, whether or not the Company has or would have had the power to indemnify the person against the liability as provided in the Articles.

 

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15. RECORDS

 

15.1 The Company shall keep the following documents at the office of its registered agent:

 

  (a) the Memorandum and the Articles;

 

  (b) the register of members, or a copy of the register of members;

 

  (c) the register of directors, or a copy of the register of directors; and

 

  (d) copies of all notices and other documents filed by the Company with the Registrar of Corporate Affairs in the previous 10 years.

 

15.2 Until the Directors determine otherwise by Resolution of Directors the Company shall keep the original register of members and original register of directors at the office of its registered agent.

 

15.3 If the Company maintains only a copy of the register of members or a copy of the register of directors at the office of its registered agent, it shall:

 

  (a) within 15 days of any change in either register, notify the registered agent in writing of the change; and

 

  (b) provide the registered agent with a written record of the physical address of the place or places at which the original register of members or the original register of directors is kept.

 

15.4 The Company shall keep the following records at the office of its registered agent or at such other place or places, within or outside the British Virgin Islands, as the Directors may determine:

 

  (a) minutes of meetings and Resolutions of Shareholders and classes of Shareholders; and

 

  (b) minutes of meetings and Resolutions of Directors and committees of Directors.

 

15.5 Where any original records referred to in this Article are maintained other than at the office of the registered agent of the Company, and the place at which the original records are maintained is changed, the Company shall provide the registered agent with the physical address of the new location of the records of the Company within 14 days of the change of location.

 

15.6 The records kept by the Company under this Article shall be in written form or either wholly or partly as electronic records complying with the requirements of the Electronic Transactions Act, 2001 (No. 5 of 2001) as from time to time amended or re-enacted.

 

16. REGISTER OF CHARGES

The Company shall maintain at the office of its registered agent, a register of charges in which there shall be entered the following particulars regarding each mortgage, charge and other encumbrance created by the Company:

 

  (a) the date of creation of the charge;

 

  (b) a short description of the liability secured by the charge;

 

  (c) a short description of the property charged;

 

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  (d) the name and address of the trustee for the security or, if there is no such trustee, the name and address of the chargee;

 

  (e) unless the charge is a security to bearer, the name and address of the holder of the charge; and

 

  (f) details of any prohibition or restriction contained in the instrument creating the charge on the power of the Company to create any future charge ranking in priority to or equally with the charge.

 

17. SEAL

 

17.1 The Company shall have a Seal an impression of which shall be kept at the office of the registered agent of the Company. The Company may have more than one Seal and references herein to the Seal shall be references to every Seal which shall have been duly adopted by Resolution of Directors. The Directors shall provide for the safe custody of the Seal and for an imprint thereof to be kept at the registered office.

 

17.2 Except as otherwise expressly provided herein the Seal when affixed to any written instrument shall be witnessed and attested to by the signature of any one Director or other person so authorized from time to time by Resolution of Directors. Such authorization may be before or after the Seal is affixed, may be general or specific and may refer to any number of sealings. The Directors may provide for the Seal and/or for the signature of any Director or authorized person to be affixed by electronic means on any instrument in accordance with the Electronic Transactions Act, 2001 and it shall have the same force and validity as if the Seal had been affixed to such instrument and the same had been attested to as hereinbefore described.

 

17.3 A contract, agreement or other instrument executed by or on behalf of the Company by a Director or an authorized agent of the Company is not invalid by reason only of the fact that the Seal is not affixed to the contract, agreement or instrument.

 

17.4 An instrument is validly executed by the Company as a deed or an instrument under seal if it is either:

 

  (a) sealed with the Seal and witnessed by a Director or such other person who is authorized by the Memorandum and these Articles to witness the application of the Seal; or

 

  (b) it is expressed to be, or is expressed to be executed as, or otherwise makes clear on its face that it is intended to be, a deed and it is signed by a Director or by a person so authorized from time to time by Resolution of Directors.

 

18. DISTRIBUTIONS BY WAY OF DIVIDEND

 

18.1 The Directors of the Company may, by Resolution of Directors, authorize a Distribution by way of dividend at a time and of an amount they think fit if they are satisfied, on reasonable grounds, that, immediately after the Distribution, the value of the Company’s assets will exceed its liabilities and the Company will be able to pay its debts as they fall due.

 

18.2 Dividends may be paid in money, shares, or other property.

 

18.3 Notice of any dividend that may have been declared shall be given to each Shareholder as specified in Article 20.1 and all dividends unclaimed for 3 years after having been declared may be forfeited by Resolution of Directors for the benefit of the Company.

 

18.4 No dividend shall bear interest as against the Company and no dividend shall be paid on Treasury Shares.

 

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18.5 The Directors may, before authorizing any Distribution, set aside out of the profits of the Company such sum as they think proper as a reserve fund, any may invest the sum so set apart as a reserve fund upon such securities as they may select.

 

19. ACCOUNTS AND AUDIT

 

19.1 The Company shall keep records that are sufficient to show and explain the Company’s transactions and that will, at any time, enable the financial position of the Company to be determined with reasonable accuracy.

 

19.2 The Company may by Resolution of Shareholders call for the directors to prepare periodically and make available a profit and loss account and a balance sheet. The profit and loss account and balance sheet shall be drawn up so as to give respectively a true and fair view of the profit and loss of the Company for a financial period and a true and fair view of the assets and liabilities of the Company as at the end of a financial period.

 

19.3 The Company may by Resolution of Shareholders call for the accounts to be examined by auditors.

 

19.4 The first auditors shall be appointed by Resolution of Directors; subsequent auditors shall be appointed by Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors.

 

19.5 The auditors may be Shareholders, but no director or other officer shall be eligible to be an auditor of the Company during their continuance in office.

 

19.6 The remuneration of the auditors of the Company may be fixed by Resolution of Directors.

 

19.7 The auditors shall examine each profit and loss account and balance sheet required to be laid before a meeting of the Shareholders or otherwise given to Shareholders and shall state in a written report whether or not:

 

  (a) in their opinion the profit and loss account and balance sheet give a true and fair view respectively of the profit and loss for the period covered by the accounts, and of the assets and liabilities of the Company at the end of that period; and

 

  (b) all the information and explanations required by the auditors have been obtained.

 

19.8 The report of the auditors shall be annexed to the accounts and shall be given to the Shareholders.

 

19.9 Every auditor of the Company shall have a right of access at all times to the books of account and vouchers of the Company, and shall be entitled to require from the directors and officers of the Company such information and explanations as he thinks necessary for the performance of the duties of the auditors.

 

19.10 The auditors of the Company shall be entitled to receive notice of, and to attend any meetings of Shareholders at which the Company’s profit and loss account and balance sheet are to be presented

 

20. NOTICES

 

20.1 Any notice, information or written statement to be given by the Company to Shareholders may be given by personal service or by mail addressed to each Shareholder at the address shown in the register of members or by email or facsimile to an email address or facsimile number notified for that purpose by a Shareholder to the Company.

 

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20.2 Any summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement to be served on the Company may be served by leaving it, or by sending it by registered mail addressed to the Company, at its registered office, or by leaving it with, or by sending it by registered mail to, the registered agent of the Company.

 

20.3 Service of any summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement to be served on the Company may be proved by showing that the summons, notice, order, document, process, information or written statement was delivered to the registered office or the registered agent of the Company or that it was mailed in such time as to admit to its being delivered to the registered office or the registered agent of the Company in the normal course of delivery within the period prescribed for service and was correctly addressed and the postage was prepaid.

 

21. VOLUNTARY LIQUIDATION

The Company may by a Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors appoint a voluntary liquidator.

 

22. CONTINUATION

The Company may by Resolution of Shareholders or by a resolution passed unanimously by all Directors of the Company continue as a company incorporated under the laws of a jurisdiction outside the British Virgin Islands in the manner provided under those laws.

 

23. BUSINESS COMBINATIONS WITH INTERESTED SHAREHOLDERS

 

23.1 Notwithstanding anything contained in the Memorandum or these Articles, the Company shall not engage in any business combination with any interested Shareholder for a period of 3 years following the time that such Shareholder became an interested Shareholder unless:

 

  (a) prior to such time the board of directors of the Company approved either the business combination or the transaction which resulted in the Shareholder becoming an interested Shareholder;

 

  (b) upon consummation of the transaction which resulted in the Shareholder becoming an interested Shareholder, the interested Shareholder owned at least 85% of the voting Shares of the Company outstanding at the time the transaction commenced, excluding for the purposes of determining the voting Shares outstanding (but not the outstanding voting Shares owned by the interested shareholder) those Shares owned (i) by persons who are directors and also officers and (ii) employee share plans in which employee participants do not have the right to determine confidentially whether Shares held subject to the plan will be tendered in a tender or exchange offer; or

 

  (c)

at or subsequent to such time the business combination is approved by the board of directors and authorized at any annual or special meeting of the Shareholders by the affirmative vote of at least 66  2 / 3 % of the outstanding voting Shares which are not owned by the interested Shareholder.

 

23.2 The restrictions set forth in Article 23.1 shall not apply if:

 

  (a) Subject to the terms of the Memorandum, the Company by Resolution of Directors or a Resolution of Shareholders adopts an amendment to the Articles expressly electing not to be governed by this Article 23 or otherwise deletes this Article 23; provided that, such amendment of this Article 23 shall be effected in such a way as to ensure that it shall not be effective or operative until 12 months after the adoption of such amendment and shall not apply to any business combination between the Company and any Person who became an interested shareholder of the Company on or prior to such adoption.

 

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  (b) The Company does not have a class of voting Shares that is: (i) listed on a national securities exchange; (ii) authorized for quotation on The NASDAQ Capital Market; or (iii) held of record by more than 2,000 Shareholders, unless any of the foregoing results from action taken, directly or indirectly, by an interested Shareholder or from a transaction in which a person becomes an interested Shareholder.

 

  (c) A Shareholder becomes an interested Shareholder inadvertently and (i) as soon as practicable divests itself of ownership of sufficient Shares so that the Shareholder ceases to be an interested shareholder; and (ii) would not, at any time within the 3-year period immediately prior to a business combination between the Company and such Shareholder, have been an interested Shareholder but for the inadvertent acquisition of ownership.

 

  (d) The business combination is proposed prior to the consummation or abandonment of and subsequent to the earlier of the public announcement or the notice required hereunder of a proposed transaction which (i) is with or by a Person who either was not an interested Shareholder during the previous 3 years or who became an interested Shareholder with the approval of the board of directors of the Company or during a period described in Article 23.2(d), (ii) is approved or not opposed by a majority of the directors then in office (but not less than 1) who were directors prior to any Person becoming an interested Shareholder during the previous 3 years or were recommended for election or elected to succeed such directors by a majority of such directors, and (iii) constitutes one of the following transactions:

 

  A. a merger or consolidation of the Company (except for a specified merger);

 

  B. a sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in 1 transaction or a series of transactions), whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Company or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Company (other than to any direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary or to the Company) having an aggregate market value equal to 50% or more of either the market value of all of the assets of the Company determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding Shares of the Company; or

 

  C. a proposed tender or exchange offer for 50% or more of the outstanding voting Shares of the Company.

The Company shall give not less than 20 days’ notice to all interested Shareholders prior to the consummation of any of the transactions described in Articles 23.2(d)(iii)(A) and (B).

 

  (e) The business combination is with an interested Shareholder who became an interested Shareholder at a time when the restrictions contained in this Article 23 did not apply by reason of an amendment pursuant to Article 23.2(a) or 23.2(b) or at the time of registration by the Registrar of the notice of adoption of the Articles, which set forth this Article 23.

 

23.3 As used in this Article 23 only, the term:

 

  (a) “affiliate” means any Person that directly, or indirectly through 1 or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, another Person.

 

  (b)

“associate,” when used to indicate a relationship with any person, means: (i) any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity of which such person is a director, officer or partner or is, directly or indirectly, the owner of 20% or more of any class of voting stock or

 

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voting Shares; (ii) any trust or other estate in which such person has at least a 20% beneficial interest or as to which such person serves as trustee or in a similar fiduciary capacity; and (iii) any relative or spouse of such person, or any relative of such spouse, who has the same residence as such person.

 

  (c) “business combination,” when used in reference to the Company and any interested Shareholder, means:

 

  (i) Any merger or consolidation of the Company or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Company with (A) the interested Shareholder, or (B) with any other corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity if the merger or consolidation is caused by the interested Shareholder and as a result of such merger or consolidation Article 23.1 is not applicable to the surviving entity;

 

  (ii) Any sale, lease, exchange, mortgage, pledge, transfer or other disposition (in 1 transaction or a series of transactions), except proportionately as a Shareholder of the Company, to or with the interested Shareholder, whether as part of a dissolution or otherwise, of assets of the Company or of any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Company which assets have an aggregate market value equal to 10% or more of either the aggregate market value of all the assets of the Company determined on a consolidated basis or the aggregate market value of all the outstanding Shares of the Company;

 

  (iii) Any transaction which results in the issuance or transfer by the Company or by any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Company of any Shares of the Company or of such subsidiary to the interested Shareholder, except: (A) pursuant to the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into Shares of the Company or any such subsidiary which securities were outstanding prior to the time that the interested Shareholder became such; (B) pursuant to a merger of the Company with or into a single direct or indirect wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company; (C) pursuant to a dividend or distribution paid or made, or the exercise, exchange or conversion of securities exercisable for, exchangeable for or convertible into Shares of the Company or any such subsidiary which security is distributed, pro rata to all holders of a class or series of Shares of the Company subsequent to the time the interested Shareholder became such; (D) pursuant to an exchange offer by the Company to purchase Shares made on the same terms to all holders of said Shares; or (E) any issuance, cancellation, redemption, buy back or transfer of Shares by the Company; provided however, that in no case under items (C)-(E) of this Article shall there be an increase in the interested Shareholder’s proportionate share of the Shares of any class or series of the Company or of the voting Shares of the Company;

 

  (iv) Any transaction involving the Company or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Company which has the effect, directly or indirectly, of increasing the proportionate share of the Shares of any class or series, or securities convertible into the Shares of any class or series, of the Company or of any such subsidiary which is owned by the interested Shareholder, except as a result of immaterial changes due to fractional share adjustments or as a result of any purchase or redemption of any Shares not caused, directly or indirectly, by the interested Shareholder; or

 

  (v) Any receipt by the interested Shareholder of the benefit, directly or indirectly (except proportionately as a Shareholder of the Company), of any loans, advances, guarantees, pledges or other financial benefits (other than those expressly permitted in subparagraphs (i)-(iv) of this Article) provided by or through the Company or any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Company.

 

23


  (d) “control,” including the terms “controlling,” “controlled by” and “under common control with,” means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting Shares, by contract or otherwise. A Person who is the owner of 20% or more of the outstanding voting stock of any corporation, partnership, unincorporated association or other entity shall be presumed to have control of such entity, in the absence of proof by a preponderance of the evidence to the contrary; notwithstanding the foregoing, a presumption of control shall not apply where such Person holds voting stock, in good faith and not for the purpose of circumventing this section, as an agent, bank, broker, nominee, custodian or trustee for 1 or more owners who do not individually or as a group have control of such entity.

 

  (e) “interested Shareholder” means any Person (other than the Company and any direct or indirect majority-owned subsidiary of the Company) that (i) is the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting Shares of the Company, or (ii) is an affiliate or associate of the Company and was the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting Shares of the Company at any time within the 3-year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such Person is an interested Shareholder, and the affiliates and associates of such Person; provided, however, that the term “interested Shareholder” shall not include (x) any Person who (A) owned Shares in excess of the 15% limitation set forth herein as of, or acquired such Shares pursuant to a tender offer commenced prior to, the date of registration by the Registrar of the notice of adoption of the Articles, which set forth this Article 25, or pursuant to an exchange offer announced prior to the aforesaid date and commenced within 90 days thereafter and either (I) continued to own Shares in excess of such 15% limitation or would have but for action by the Company or (II) is an affiliate or associate of the Company and so continued (or so would have continued but for action by the Company) to be the owner of 15% or more of the outstanding voting Shares of the Company at any time within the 3-year period immediately prior to the date on which it is sought to be determined whether such Person is an interested Shareholder or (B) acquired said Shares from a Person described in item (A) of this paragraph by gift, inheritance or in a transaction in which no consideration was exchanged; or (y) any Person whose ownership of Shares in excess of the 15% limitation set forth herein is the result of action taken solely by the Company; provided that such Person shall be an interested Shareholder if thereafter such Person acquires additional Shares of voting Shares of the Company, except as a result of further corporate action not caused, directly or indirectly, by such Person. For the purpose of determining whether a Person is an interested Shareholder, the voting Shares of the Company deemed to be outstanding shall include Shares deemed to be owned by the Person through application of Article 23.3(i) but shall not include any other unissued Shares of the Company which may be issuable pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon exercise of conversion rights, warrants or options, or otherwise. Any determination made by the Board of Directors as to whether any Person is or is not an interested shareholder shall be conclusive and binding upon all shareholders of the Company.

 

  (f) “owner,” including the terms “own” and “owned,” when used with respect to any Shares of the Company, means a Person that individually or with or through any of its affiliates or associates:

 

  (i) beneficially owns such Shares, directly or indirectly; or

 

  (ii) has (A) the right to acquire such Shares (whether such right is exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time) pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding, or upon the exercise of conversion rights, exchange rights, warrants or options, or otherwise; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the owner of Shares tendered pursuant to a tender or exchange offer made by such Person or any of such Person’s affiliates or associates until such tendered Shares is accepted for purchase or exchange; or (B) the right to vote such Shares pursuant to any agreement, arrangement or understanding; provided, however, that a Person shall not be deemed the owner of any Shares because of such Person’s right to vote such Shares if the agreement, arrangement or understanding to vote such Shares arises solely from a revocable proxy or consent given in response to a proxy or consent solicitation made to 10 or more Persons; or

 

24


  (iii) has any agreement, arrangement or understanding for the purpose of acquiring, holding, voting (except voting pursuant to a revocable proxy or consent as described in item (B) of subparagraph (ii) of this paragraph), or disposing of such Shares with any other Person that beneficially owns, or whose affiliates or associates beneficially own, directly or indirectly, such Shares.

 

  (g) “specified merger” means a merger in connection with which all of the following conditions are satisfied: (1) the agreement of merger does not amend in any respect the Memorandum or these Articles, (2) each Share outstanding immediately prior to the effective date of the merger is an identical outstanding or treasury share of the surviving company after the effective date of the merger, and (3) either no Shares of the surviving company and no shares, securities or obligations convertible into such Shares are to be issued or delivered under the plan of merger, or the authorized unissued Shares or the treasury Shares of the surviving company to be issued or delivered under the plan of merger plus those initially issuable upon conversion of any other shares, securities or obligations to be issued or delivered under such plan do not exceed 20% of the Shares of the Company outstanding immediately prior to the effective date of the merger.

 

  (h) “voting Shares” means Shares of any class or series entitled to vote generally in the election of directors of the Company. Every reference to a percentage of voting Shares shall refer to such percentage of the votes of such voting Shares.

 

  (i) “voting stock” means, with respect to any corporation, stock of any class or series entitled to vote generally in the election of directors and, with respect to any entity that is not a corporation, any equity interest entitled to vote generally in the election of the governing body of such entity. Every reference to a percentage of voting stock shall refer to such percentage of the votes of such voting stock.

 

24. UNTRACED SHAREHOLDERS

 

24.1 When the registered address of any Shareholder appears to the Board to be incorrect or out of date such Shareholder may, if the Board so resolves, be treated as if he had no registered address and the Company will not thereafter be obliged to send to such Shareholder cheques, warrants, notices of meetings or copies of the documents referred to in these Articles; provided that no resolution as aforesaid shall be proposed by the Board until cheques or warrants sent to the registered address of such Shareholder have been returned by the Post Office or left uncashed on at least two consecutive occasions or, following one such occasion, reasonable enquiries have failed to establish any new address of such Shareholder.

 

24.2 The Company shall be entitled to sell at the best price reasonably obtainable any Share of a Shareholder or any Share to which a person is entitled by transmission if and provided that:

 

  (a) for a period of twelve years in the course of which at least three dividends have become payable in respect of the Share in question, no cheque or warrant sent by the Company through the post in a prepaid letter addressed to the Shareholder or to the person entitled by transmission to the Share at his address on the register of members or the other last known address given by the Shareholder or the person entitled by transmission to which cheques and warrants are to be sent has been cashed and no communication has been received by the Company from the Shareholder or the person entitled by transmission; and

 

  (b) the Company has at the expiration of the said period of twelve years by advertisement in both a leading national newspaper and in a newspaper circulating in the area in which the address referred to in paragraph (a) above is located given notice of its intention to sell such Share; and

 

25


  (c) the Company has not during the further period of three months after the date of the advertisement and prior to the exercise of the power of sale received any communication from the Shareholder or person entitled by transmission.

 

24.3 To give effect to any such sale the Company may appoint any person to execute as transferor an instrument of transfer of such Share and such instrument of transfer shall be as effective as if it had been executed by the registered holder of such Share. The Company shall account to the Shareholder or other person entitled to such Share for the net proceeds of such sale and shall be deemed to be his debtor and not a trustee for him in respect of the same. Any money not accounted for to the Shareholder or other person entitled to such Share shall be carried to a separate account and shall be a permanent debt of the Company. Money carried to such separate account may either be employed in the business of the Company or invested in such investments (other than Shares or its holding company, if any) as the Directors may from time to time think fit.

We, OFFSHORE INCORPORATIONS LIMITED, of P.O. Box 957, Offshore Incorporations Centre, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands for the purpose of disapplying Part IV of Schedule 2 of the Act hereby sign these Articles of Association the      day of          , 2009.

 

SUBSCRIBER     OFFSHORE INCORPORATIONS LIMITED
   

 

    (sd.) _______________________________________________
    Authorized Signatory
In the presence of: WITNESS    

 

    (sd.) _______________________________________________
   

 

   

 

   

 

 

26

Exhibit 3(ii).1

TERRITORY OF THE BRITISH VIRGIN ISLANDS

THE BVI BUSINESS COMPANIES ACT, 2004

AMENDED AND RESTATED

MEMORANDUM OF ASSOCIATION

OF

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

A COMPANY LIMITED BY SHARES

 

1. DEFINITIONS AND INTERPRETATION

 

1.1 In this Memorandum of Association and the attached Articles of Association, if not inconsistent with the subject or context:

Act ” means the BVI Business Companies Act, 2004 (No. 16 of 2004) and includes the regulations made under the Act;

Articles ” means the attached Articles of Association of the Company;

Board ” means the board of Directors of the Company or the Directors present at a duly convened meeting of the Directors at which a quorum is present;

business day ” means a weekday on which banks are generally open for business in the British Virgin Islands;

clear days ” in relation to the period of a notice means that period excluding the day when the notice is given or deemed to be given and the day for which it is given or on which it is to take effect;

Directors ” mean those persons holding office as directors of the Company from time to time;

Distribution ” in relation to a distribution by the Company to a Shareholder means the direct or indirect transfer of an asset, other than Shares, to or for the benefit of the Shareholder, or the incurring of a debt to or for the benefit of a Shareholder, in relation to Shares held by a Shareholder, and whether by means of the purchase of an asset, the purchase, redemption or other acquisition of Shares, a transfer of indebtedness or otherwise, and includes a dividend;

electronic ” means actuated by electric, magnetic, electro-magnetic, electro-chemical or electro-mechanical energy and “by electronic means” means by any manner capable of being so actuated and shall include e-mail and/or other data transmission service;

Exchange Act ” means the U.S. Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended;

executed ” includes any mode of execution;


held ” means, in relation to Shares, the Shares entered in the register of members as being held by a member and term “ holds ” and “ holder ” shall be construed accordingly;

month ” means a calendar month;

paid up ” means paid up or credited as paid up and includes any sum paid by way of premium;

Person ” means individuals, corporations, trusts, the estates of deceased individuals, partnerships and unincorporated associations of persons;

present in person ” means, in the case of an individual, that individual or his lawfully appointed attorney being present in person and, in the case of a corporation, being present by duly authorized representative or lawfully appointed attorney and, in relation to meetings, “ in person ” shall be construed accordingly;

public disclosure ” means any disclosure in a press release issued or disseminated in a manner designated to provide broad, non-exclusionary distribution of the information to the public or in a document publicly filed or furnished by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act or in a registration statement under the Securities Act;

Memorandum ” means this Memorandum of Association of the Company;

Registrar ” means the Registrar of Corporate Affairs appointed under section 229 of the Act;

Resolution of Directors ” means either:

 

  (a) a resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of Directors or of a committee of Directors by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Directors present at the meeting who voted except that where a Director is given more than one vote, he shall be counted by the number of votes he casts for the purpose of establishing a majority; or

 

  (b) a resolution consented to in writing by all Directors or by all members of a committee of Directors of the Company, as the case may be;

Resolution of Shareholders ” means (other than in respect of a resolution of Shareholders for the election of Directors) a resolution approved at a duly convened and constituted meeting of the Shareholders of the Company by the affirmative vote of a majority of the votes of the Shares entitled to vote thereon in respect of which the Shareholders holding the Shares were present at the meeting in person or by proxy and being Shares in respect of which the votes were voted;

Seal ” means any seal which has been duly adopted as the common seal of the Company;

Securities ” means Shares and debt obligations of every kind of the Company, and including without limitation options, warrants and rights to acquire Shares or debt obligations;

Securities Act ” means the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended from time to time;

Securities and Exchange Commission ” means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission;

Share ” means a common share issued or to be issued by the Company;

Shareholder ” means a Person whose name is entered in the register of members of the Company as the holder of one or more Shares or fractional Shares;

 

2


Treasury Share ” means a Share that was previously issued but was repurchased, redeemed or otherwise acquired by the Company and not cancelled;

written ” or any term of like import includes information generated, sent, received or stored by electronic, electrical, digital, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, biometric or photonic means, including electronic data interchange, electronic mail, telegram, telex or telecopy, and “ in writing ” shall be construed accordingly.

 

1.2 In the Memorandum and the Articles, unless the context otherwise requires a reference to:

 

  (a) an “ Article ” is a reference to an article of the Articles;

 

  (b) a “ Clause ” is a reference to a clause of the Memorandum;

 

  (c) voting by Shareholders is a reference to the casting of the votes attached to the Shares held by the Shareholder voting;

 

  (d) the Act, the Memorandum or the Articles is a reference to the Act or those documents as amended or, in the case of the Act any re-enactment thereof; and

 

  (e) the singular includes the plural and vice versa.

 

1.3 Any words or expressions defined in the Act unless the context otherwise requires bear the same meaning in the Memorandum and the Articles unless otherwise defined herein.

 

1.4 Headings are inserted for convenience only and shall be disregarded in interpreting the Memorandum and the Articles.

 

2. NAME

The name of the Company is Dehaier Medical Systems Limited. The Company was incorporated on the 22nd day of July, 2003 pursuant to the International Business Companies Act (Cap. 291) and immediately prior to its automatic re-registration under the BVI Business Companies Act, it was governed by the International Business Companies Act. The name of the Company may be changed and this Clause thereby amended by a Resolution of Directors.

 

3. STATUS

The Company is a company limited by shares.

 

4. REGISTERED OFFICE AND REGISTERED AGENT

 

4.1 At the time of filing of the notice disapplying Part IV of Schedule 2 of the Act, the registered office of the Company is at the offices of Offshore Incorporations Limited, of P. O. Box 957, Offshore Incorporations Centre, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands, the office of the first registered agent.

 

4.2 At the time of filing of the notice disapplying Part IV of Schedule 2 of the Act, the registered agent of the Company is Offshore Incorporations Limited, of P. O. Box 957, Offshore Incorporations Centre, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands.

 

3


4.3 The Company may by Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors change the location of its registered office or change its registered agent.

 

4.4 Any change of registered office or registered agent will take effect on the registration by the Registrar of a notice of the change filed by the existing registered agent or a legal practitioner in the British Virgin Islands acting on behalf of the Company.

 

5. CAPACITY AND POWERS

 

5.1 Subject to the Act and any other British Virgin Islands legislation, the Company has, irrespective of corporate benefit:

 

  (a) full capacity to carry on or undertake any business or activity, do any act or enter into any transaction; and

 

  (b) for the purposes of paragraph (a), full rights, powers and privileges.

 

5.2 For the purposes of section 9(4) of the Act, there are no limitations on the business that the Company may carry on.

 

6. NUMBER AND CLASSES OF SHARES

 

6.1 The Company is authorized to issue a maximum of 18,307,038 common shares of a single class with par value of US$0.002731 each.

 

6.2 The Company may issue fractional Shares and a fractional Share shall have the corresponding fractional rights, obligations and liabilities of a whole Share of the same class or series of Shares.

 

6.3 Shares may be issued in one or more series of Shares as the Directors may by Resolution of Directors determine from time to time.

 

7. RIGHTS OF SHARES

 

7.1 Each Share in the Company confers upon the Shareholder:

 

  (a) the right to one vote at a meeting of the Shareholders or on any Resolution of Shareholders;

 

  (b) the right to an equal share in any dividend paid by the Company; and

 

  (c) the right to an equal share in the distribution of the surplus assets of the Company on its liquidation.

 

7.2 The Company may by Resolution of Directors redeem, purchase or otherwise acquire all or any of the Shares in the Company subject to Article 3 of the Articles.

 

8. VARIATION OF RIGHTS

If at any time the Shares are divided into different classes, the rights attached to any class may only be varied, whether or not the Company is in liquidation, by a resolution passed at a meeting by a majority of the votes cast by those entitled to vote at a meeting of the holders of the issued Shares in that class.

 

4


9. RIGHTS NOT VARIED BY THE ISSUE OF SHARES PARI PASSU

The rights conferred upon the holders of the Shares of any class shall not, unless otherwise expressly provided by the terms of issue of the Shares of that class, be deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further Shares ranking pari passu therewith.

 

10. REGISTERED SHARES

 

10.1 The Company shall issue registered Shares only.

 

10.2 The Company is not authorized to issue bearer Shares, convert registered Shares to bearer Shares or exchange registered Shares for bearer Shares.

 

11. TRANSFER OF SHARES

 

11.1 Subject to the provisions of Articles 6.2 and 6.3 of the Articles, the Company shall, on receipt of an instrument of transfer complying with Article 6 of the Articles, enter the name of the transferee of a Share in the register of members unless the Directors resolve to refuse or delay the registration of the transfer for reasons that shall be specified in a Resolution of Directors.

 

11.2 The Directors may not resolve to refuse or delay the transfer of a Share unless: (a) the Shareholder has failed to pay an amount due in respect of the Share; or (b) such refusal or delay is deemed necessary or advisable in the view of the Company or its legal counsel in order to avoid violation of, or in order to ensure compliance with, any applicable corporate, securities and other laws and regulation.

 

12. AMENDMENT OF THE MEMORANDUM AND THE ARTICLES

 

12.1 Subject to Clause 8, the Company may amend the Memorandum or the Articles by Resolution of Shareholders or by Resolution of Directors, save that no amendment may be made by Resolution of Directors:

 

  (a) to restrict the rights or powers of the Shareholders to amend the Memorandum or the Articles;

 

  (b) to change the percentage of Shareholders required to pass a Resolution of Shareholders to amend the Memorandum or the Articles;

 

  (c) in circumstances where the Memorandum or the Articles cannot be amended by the Shareholders; or

 

  (d) to Clauses 7, 8, 9 or this Clause 12.

 

12.2 Any amendment of the Memorandum or the Articles will take effect on the registration by the Registrar of a notice of amendment, or restated Memorandum and Articles, filed by the registered agent.

 

5


We, OFFSHORE INCORPORATIONS LIMITED, of P.O. Box 957, Offshore Incorporations Centre, Road Town, Tortola, British Virgin Islands for the purpose of disapplying Part IV of Schedule 2 of the Act hereby sign this Memorandum of Association the      day of          , 2009.

 

SUBSCRIBER     OFFSHORE INCORPORATIONS LIMITED
   

 

    (sd.) _______________________________________________
    Authorized Signatory
In the presence of: WITNESS    

 

    (sd.) _______________________________________________
   

 

   

 

   

 

 

6

Exhibit 10.1

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

WARRANT AGREEMENT

____________ ____, _____

Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated

707 East Main Street

20 th Floor

Richmond, Virginia 23219

Ladies and Gentlemen:

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, a British Virgin Islands company (the “Company”), agrees to issue and sell to you a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase the number of common shares of the Company set forth herein, subject to the terms and conditions contained herein.

1. Issuance of Warrant; Exercise Price . The Warrant, which shall be in the form attached hereto as Exhibit A , shall be issued to you concurrently with the execution hereof in consideration of the payment by you to the Company of the sum of US $0.001 cash per common share subject to the Warrant, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged. The Warrant shall provide that you and such other holder(s) of the Warrant, as such may be assigned in accordance herewith, shall have the right to purchase an aggregate of up to ________ common shares for an exercise price equal to $______ per share (the “Exercise Price”), as described more fully herein. The number, character and Exercise Price of such shares are subject to adjustment as hereinafter provided, and the term “shares” shall mean, unless the context otherwise requires, the common shares and other securities and property receivable upon exercise of the Warrant. The term “Exercise Price” shall mean, unless the context otherwise requires, the price per share purchasable under the Warrant as set forth in this Section 1, as adjusted from time to time pursuant to Section 5.

2. Notices of Record Date . In the event of (i) any taking by the Company of a record date with respect to the holder(s) of any class of securities of the Company for purposes of determining which of such holder(s) are entitled to dividends or other distributions, or any right to subscribe for, purchase or otherwise acquire shares of any class or any other securities or property, or to receive any other right, (ii) any capital reorganization of the Company, or reclassification or recapitalization of common shares of the Company or any transfer in one or more related transactions of all or a majority of the assets or revenue or income generating capacity of the Company to, or consolidation or merger of the Company with or into, any other entity or person, or (iii) any voluntary or involuntary dissolution or winding up of the Company, then and in each such event the Company will mail or cause to be mailed to each holder of a Warrant at the time outstanding a notice specifying, as the case may be, (a) the date on which any such record is to be taken for the purpose of such dividend, distribution or right, and stating the amount and character of such dividend, distribution or right; or (b) the date on which any such reorganization, reclassification, recapitalization, transfer, consolidation, merger, conveyance, dissolution, liquidation or winding-up is to take place and the time, if any is to be


fixed, as of which the holders of record of shares (or any other class of shares or securities of the Company, or another issuer pursuant to Section 5, receivable upon the exercise of the Warrant) shall be entitled to exchange their shares (or such other shares or securities) for securities or other property deliverable upon such event. Any such notice shall be deposited in the United States mail, postage prepaid, at least ten (10) days prior to the date therein specified, and the holder(s) of the Warrant(s) may exercise the Warrant(s) and participate in such event as a registered holder of shares, upon exercise of the Warrant(s) so held, within the ten (10) day period from the date of mailing such notice.

3. No Impairment . The Company shall not, by amendment of its organizational documents or through any reorganization, transfer of assets, consolidation, merger, dissolution, issue or sale of securities, or any other action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any other action, avoid or seek to avoid the observance or performance of any of the terms of this Agreement or of the Warrant, but will at all times in good faith take any and all action as may be necessary in order to protect the rights of the holder(s) of the Warrant against impairment. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, the Company (a) will at all times reserve and keep available, solely for issuance and delivery upon exercise of the Warrant, shares issuable from time to time upon exercise of the Warrant, (b) will not increase the par value of any common shares receivable upon exercise of the Warrant above the amount payable in respect thereof upon such exercise, and (c) will take all such action as may be necessary or appropriate in order that the Company may validly and legally issue fully paid and non-assessable shares upon the exercise of the Warrant, or any portion of it.

4. Exercise of Warrant .

(a) Exercise for Cash . At any time and from time to time on and after one hundred eighty (180) days after the closing of the initial public offering of the Company’s common shares (the “IPO”) and expiring on ___________ ___, _____ at 11:59 p.m., Richmond, Virginia time (the “Exercise Period”), the Warrant may be exercised as to all or any portion of the whole number of shares covered by the Warrant by the holder thereof by surrender of the Warrant, accompanied by a subscription for shares to be purchased in the form attached hereto as Exhibit B and by a check payable to the order of the Company in the amount required for purchase of the shares as to which the Warrant is being exercised, delivered to the Company at its principal office at 1223 Epoch Center, No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, People’s Republic of China, Attention: Ping Chen, Chief Executive Officer.

(b) Cashless Exercise . In addition, during the Exercise Period and to the extent that the Company has failed to register the shares issuable hereunder in accordance with Section 7 hereof within 90 days of the notification of the Company of the exercise of such demand registration right, the Warrant may be exercised as to all or any portion of the whole number of shares covered by the Warrant by the holder thereof by surrender of Warrant together with irrevocable instructions to the Company to issue in exchange for the Warrant the number of shares equal to the product of (i) the number of shares as to which the Warrant is being exercised multiplied by (ii) a fraction the numerator of which is the Current Value of any share less the Exercise Price therefor and the denominator of which is such Current Value. In the case of the

 

2


purchase of less than all the shares purchasable under the Warrant, the Company shall cancel such Warrant and shall execute and deliver a new Warrant of like tenor for the unexercised balance. For the purposes hereof, “Exercise Date” shall mean the date on which all deliveries required to be made to the Company upon exercise of the Warrant pursuant to this Section 4 shall have been made.

(c) Issuance of Certificates . Upon the exercise of a Warrant in whole or in part, the Company will within five (5) days thereafter, at its expense (including the payment by the Company of any applicable issue or transfer taxes), cause to be issued in the name of and delivered to the Warrant holder a certificate or certificates for the number of fully paid and non-assessable shares to which such holder is entitled upon exercise of the Warrant. In the event such holder is entitled to a fractional share, in lieu thereof such holder shall be paid a cash amount equal to such fraction, multiplied by the Current Value of one full share on the date of exercise. Certificates for shares issuable by reason of the exercise of the Warrant shall be dated and shall be effective as of the date of the surrendering of the Warrant for exercise, notwithstanding any delays in the actual execution, issuance or delivery of the certificates for the shares so purchased. In the event the Warrant is exercised as to less than the aggregate amount of all shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant held by such person, the Company shall issue a new Warrant to the holder of the Warrant so exercised covering the aggregate number of shares as to which the Warrant remains unexercised. In addition to the foregoing, should the Company fail to issue the share certificate or certificates within the time limits referenced in the first sentence of this Section 4(c), if and to the extent not already utilized as to the Warrant or the shares underlying the Warrant, the holder may utilize the cashless exercise contained in Section 4(b) hereof.

(d) Current Value . For purposes of this section, “Current Value” is defined (i) in the case for which a public market exists for the shares at the time of such exercise, at a price per share equal to (A) the average of the means between the closing bid and asked prices of the shares in the over-the-counter market for 20 consecutive business days commencing 30 business days before the date of such notice, (B) if the shares are quoted on the NASDAQ Capital Market, at the average of the means of the daily closing bid and asked prices of the shares for 20 consecutive business days commencing 30 business days before the date of such notice, or (C) if the shares are listed on any national securities exchange or The NASDAQ National Market, at the average of the daily closing prices of the shares for 20 consecutive business days commencing 30 business days before the date of such notice, and (ii) in the case no public market exists at the time of such exercise, at the Appraised Value. For the purposes of this Agreement, “Appraised Value” is the value determined in accordance with the following procedures. For a period of five (5) days after the date of an event (a “Valuation Event”) requiring determination of Current Value at a time when no public market exists for the shares (the “Negotiation Period”), each party to this Agreement agrees to negotiate in good faith to reach agreement upon the Appraised Value of the securities or property at issue, as of the date of the Valuation Event, which will be the fair market value of such securities or property, without premium for control or discount for minority interests, illiquidity or restrictions on transfer. In the event that the parties are unable to agree upon the Appraised Value of such securities or other property by the end of the Negotiation Period, then the Appraised Value of such securities or

 

3


property will be determined for purposes of this Agreement by a recognized appraisal or investment banking firm mutually agreeable to the holder(s) of the Warrant and the Company (the “Appraiser”). If the holder(s) of the Warrant and the Company cannot agree on an Appraiser within two (2) business days after the end of the Negotiation Period, the Company, on the one hand, and the holder(s) of the Warrant, on the other hand, will each select an Appraiser within ten (10) business days after the end of the Negotiation Period and those Appraisers will determine the fair market value of such securities or property, without premium for control or discount for minority interests. Such independent Appraiser(s) will be directed to determine fair market value of such securities or property as soon as practicable, but in no event later than thirty (30) days after the date of its selection. The determination by Appraiser(s) of the fair market value will be conclusive and binding on all parties to this Agreement. If there are two Appraisers, and they do not agree as to fair market value, then fair market value shall be determined to be the average of the fair market values as determined by each Appraiser. Appraised Value of each share at a time when (i) the Company is not a reporting company under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and (ii) the shares are not traded in the organized securities markets, will, in all cases, be calculated by determining the Appraised Value of the entire Company taken as a whole and dividing that value by the number of shares then outstanding, without premium for control or discount for minority interests, illiquidity or restrictions on transfer. The costs of the Appraiser(s) will be borne by the Company. In no event will the Appraised Value of the shares be less than the per share consideration received or receivable with respect to the shares or securities or property of the same class in connection with a pending transaction involving a sale, merger, recapitalization, reorganization, consolidation, or share exchange, dissolution of the Company, sale or transfer of all or a majority of its assets or revenue or income generating capacity, or similar transaction.

5. Protection Against Dilution . The Exercise Price for the shares and number of shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant, in whole or in part, is subject to adjustment from time to time as described in this Section 5. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Warrant Agreement is intended or may be construed to violate any NASD Conduct Rule. In particular, the anti-dilution provisions of this Warrant Agreement shall be interpreted in compliance with Rule 2710(f)(2)(H)(vi) and (vii) of the NASD Conduct Rules.

(a) Dividends, Subdivisions, Reclassifications, Etc . In case at any time or from time to time after the date of execution of this Agreement, the Company shall (i) take a record of the holders of shares for the purpose of entitling them to receive a dividend or a distribution on shares payable in shares or another class of securities, (ii) subdivide or reclassify its outstanding share of shares into a greater number shares, or (iii) combine or reclassify its outstanding shares into a smaller number of shares, then, and in each such case, the Exercise Price in effect at the time of the record date for such dividend or distribution or the effective date of such subdivision, combination or reclassification shall be adjusted in such a manner that the Exercise Price for the shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant immediately after such event shall bear the same ratio to the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to any such event as the total number of shares outstanding immediately prior to such event shall bear to the total number of shares outstanding immediately after such event.

 

4


(b) Adjustment of Number of Shares Purchasable . When any adjustment is required to be made in the Exercise Price under this Section 5, (i) the number of shares issuable upon exercise of the Warrant, in whole or in part, shall be changed (upward to the nearest full share) to the number of shares determined by dividing (x) an amount equal to the number of shares issuable pursuant to the exercise of the Warrant immediately prior to the adjustment, multiplied by the Exercise Price in effect immediately prior to the adjustment, by (y) the Exercise Price in effect immediately after such adjustment, and (ii) upon exercise of the Warrant, the holder will be entitled to receive the number of shares of other securities referred to in Section 5(a) that such holder would have received had the Warrant been exercised prior to the events referred to in Section 5(a).

(c) Adjustment for Reorganization, Consolidation, Merger, Etc . In the case of any reorganization or consolidation of the Company with, or any merger of the Company with or into, another entity (other than a consolidation or merger in which the Company is the surviving corporation) or in case of any sale or transfer to another entity of the majority of assets of the Company, the entity resulting from such reorganization or consolidation or surviving such merger or to which such sale or transfer shall be made, as the case may be, shall make suitable provision (which shall be fair and equitable to each holder of a Warrant) and shall assume the obligations of the Company hereunder (by written instrument executed and mailed to each holder of a Warrant then outstanding) pursuant to which, upon exercise of the Warrant, at any time after the consummation of such reorganization, consolidation, merger or conveyance, the holder shall be entitled to receive the common shares or other securities or property that such holder would have been entitled to upon consummation if such holder had exercised the Warrant immediately prior thereto, all subject to further adjustment as provided in this Section 5.

(d) Certificate as to Adjustments . In the event of adjustment as herein provided in the paragraphs of this Section 5, the Company shall promptly mail to each Warrant holder a certificate setting forth the Exercise Price and number of shares issuable upon exercise after such adjustment and setting forth a brief statement of facts requiring such adjustment. Such certificate shall also set forth the kind and amount of shares or other securities or property into which the Warrant shall be exercisable after any adjustment of the Exercise Price as provided in this Agreement.

(e) Minimum Adjustment . Notwithstanding the foregoing, no certificate as to adjustment of the Exercise Price hereunder shall be made if such adjustment results in a change in the Exercise Price then in effect of less than five cents ($0.05) and any adjustment of less than five cents ($0.05) of any Exercise Price shall be carried forward and shall be made at the time of and together with any subsequent adjustment that, together with the adjustment or adjustments so carried forward, amounts to five cents ($0.05) or more; provided however, that upon the exercise of a Warrant, the Company shall have made all necessary adjustments (to the nearest cent) not theretofore made to the Exercise Price up to and including the date upon which such Warrant is exercised.

 

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7. Registration Rights .

(a) Demand Registration Under the Securities Act of 1933 . To the extent that sufficient shares have not been registered to permit exercise of the Warrant, then at any time commencing after the closing of the IPO, through and including __________ ____, ____ parties who collectively hold a majority of the shares issued or issuable upon the exercise of the Warrant shall have the right, exercisable by written notice to the Company, to have the Company prepare and file with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”), on one occasion, a registration statement and such other documents, including a prospectus, as may be necessary in the opinion of both counsel for the Company and counsel for you and any other holder of a Warrant, in order to comply with the provisions of the Act, so as to permit a public offering and sale of their respective Warrant, the shares underlying the Warrant or other securities held as a result of any adjustment made pursuant to Section 5 hereof (collectively, the “Registrable Securities”). The Company shall notify each holder of a Warrant and the shares underlying the Warrant of any such demand registration request within ten (10) days of receipt of such request. The notified holder(s) may participate in such demand registration by notifying the Company within ten (10) days after receiving the Company’s notification.

(b) Notice to Be Delivered . The Company covenants and agrees to give written notice of any registration request under Section 7(a) by you or any holder(s) to you and to all other holder(s) of a Warrant or the shares underlying a Warrant within ten (10) days from the date of the receipt of any such registration request.

(c) Covenants of the Company With Respect to Registration . In connection with any registration under Section 7(a) hereof, the Company covenants and agrees as follows:

(i) The Company shall use its best efforts to file a registration statement within ninety (90) days of receipt of any demand therefore in accordance with Section 7(a), shall use its best efforts to have any registration statement declared effective at the earliest practicable time, and shall furnish you and each holder desiring to sell the Registrable Securities held by you or the other holder(s) as a result of any adjustment made pursuant to the provisions of Section 5 hereof, such number of prospectuses as shall reasonably be requested.

(ii) The Company shall pay all costs (excluding fees and expenses of counsel for you and any other holder(s) and any underwriting or selling commissions), fees and expenses in connection with all registration statements filed pursuant to Section 7(a) hereof including, without limitation, the Company’s legal and accounting fees, printing expenses, and blue sky fees and expenses. If the Company shall fail to comply with the provisions of Section 7(d), the Company shall, in addition to any other equitable or other relief available to you and any other holder(s), be liable for any or all actual damages (which may include damages due to a loss of profit).

 

6


(iii) The Company will take all necessary action which may be required in qualifying or registering the Registrable Securities included in a registration statement for offering and sale under the securities or blue sky laws of such states as are reasonably requested by you and any other holder(s), provided that the Company shall not be obligated to execute or file any general consent to service of process or to qualify as a foreign corporation to do business under the laws of any such jurisdiction.

(iv) The Company shall indemnify you and any other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities to be sold pursuant to any registration statement and each person, if any, who controls you or any other holder(s) within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “1934 Act”), against all loss, claim, damage, expense or liability (including all expenses reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any claim whatsoever) to which any of them may become subject under the Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, arising from such registration statement to the same extent and with the same effect as the provisions pursuant to which the Company has agreed to indemnify you in the Placement Agreement to be entered into by and between you and the Company (the “Placement Agreement”) and to provide for just and equitable contribution as set forth in the Placement Agreement.

(v) You and any other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities to be sold pursuant to a registration statement, and their successors and assigns, shall severally, and not jointly, indemnify the Company, its officers and directors and each person, if any, who controls the Company within the meaning of Section 15 of the Act or Section 20(a) of the 1934 Act, against all loss, claim, damage or expense or liability (including all expenses reasonably incurred in investigating, preparing or defending against any claim whatsoever) to which they may become subject under the Act, the 1934 Act or otherwise, arising from information furnished by or on behalf of such holder(s), or their successors or assigns, for specific inclusion in such registration statement to the same extent and with the same effect as the provisions contained in the Placement Agreement pursuant to which you have agreed to indemnify the Company and to provide for just and equitable contribution as set forth in the Placement Agreement.

(vi) Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed as requiring you or any other holder(s) to exercise any portion of their Warrant prior to the initial filing of any registration statement or the effectiveness thereof.

(vii) The Company shall deliver promptly to you and any other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities participating in the offering copies of all correspondence between the Commission and the Company, its counsel or auditors and all memoranda relating to discussions with the Commission or its staff with respect to the registration statement and permit you and the other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities to do such investigation, upon reasonable advance notice, with respect to information contained in or omitted from the registration statement as it deems reasonably necessary to comply with applicable securities laws or rules of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (“FINRA”); provided that you and each such holder of the Registrable Securities agree not to disclose such information without the prior consent of the Company. Such investigation shall include access to books, records and properties and opportunities to discuss the business of the Company with its officers and independent auditors, all to such reasonable extent and at such reasonable times and as often as you and any other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities shall reasonably request.

 

7


(viii) If required by the underwriters in connection with an underwritten offering which includes Registrable Securities pursuant to this Section 7, the Company shall enter into an underwriting agreement with one or more underwriters selected for such underwriting. Such underwriting agreement shall be satisfactory in form and substance to the Company, you and each other holder of the Registrable Securities, and shall contain such representations, warranties and covenants by the Company and such other terms as are customarily contained in agreements of that type used by the underwriters. If required by the underwriters, you and the other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities shall be parties to any underwriting agreement relating to an underwritten sale of their Registrable Securities and may, at their option, require that any or all representations and warranties of the Company to or for the benefit of such underwriters shall, to the extent that they may be applicable, also be made to and for the benefit of you and the other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities. You and the other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities shall not be required to make any representations or warranties to or agreements with the Company or the underwriters except as they may relate to you and the other holder(s) of the Registrable Securities and their intended methods of distribution.

(ix) In connection with any registration statement filed pursuant to Section 7 hereof, the Company shall furnish, or cause to be furnished, to you and each holder participating in any underwritten offering and to each underwriter, a signed counterpart, addressed to you, such holder(s) or underwriter, of (i) an opinion of counsel to the Company, dated as of the effective date of such registration statement (and, if such registration includes an underwritten public offering, an opinion dated the date of the closing under the underwriting agreement), and (ii) a “cold comfort” letter, dated the effective date of such registration statement (and, if such registration includes an underwritten public offering, a letter dated the date of the closing under the underwriting agreement), signed by the independent public accountants who have issued a report on the Company’s financial statements included in such registration statement, in each case covering substantially the same matters with respect to such registration statement (and the prospectus included therein) and, in the case of such accountants’ letter, with respect to events subsequent to the date of such financial statements, as are customarily covered in opinions of issuer’s counsel and in accountants’ letters delivered to underwriters in underwritten public offerings of securities.

(x) The Company shall promptly notify you and each holder of the Registrable Securities covered by such registration statement, at any time when a prospectus relating thereto is required to be delivered under the Act, upon the Company’s discovery that, or upon the happening of any event as a result of which, the prospectus included in such registration statement, as then in effect, includes an untrue statement of a material fact or omits to state any material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made, and upon receipt of such notice you and each holder shall not effect any sale of securities and shall immediately cease utilizing or distributing such prospectus. At the request of you or any such holder(s), the

 

8


Company shall promptly prepare and furnish to you or such holder(s) and each underwriter, if any, a reasonable number of copies of a supplement to or an amendment of such prospectus as may be necessary so that, as thereafter delivered to the purchasers of such securities, such prospectus shall not include an untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated therein or necessary to make the statements therein not misleading in the light of the circumstances under which they were made.

(xi) For purposes of this Agreement, the term “majority” in reference to you and the other holder(s) of a Warrant or the shares underlying an unexercised Warrant, shall mean in excess of fifty percent (50%) of the shares underlying the then outstanding Warrant(s) that have not been resold to the public pursuant to Rule 144 under the Act or a registration statement filed with the Commission under the Act.

8. Stock Exchange Listing . In the event the Company lists its shares on any national securities exchange or market, the Company will, at its expense, also list on such exchange, upon exercise of a Warrant, all shares issuable pursuant to such Warrant.

9. Restrictive Legend . Executed copies of this Agreement shall be filed in the principal office of the Company. Instruments evidencing all or part of the Warrant shall contain the legend shown on Exhibit A until one hundred eighty (180) days after the closing of the IPO, after which time such legend may be removed at the request of the holder thereof.

10. Successors and Assigns; Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of you and the Company and their respective successors and permitted assigns.

11. Notices . Any notice hereunder shall be given by registered or certified mail, if to the Company, at its principal office referred to in Section 5 and, if to a holder, to the holder’s address shown in the Warrant ledger of the Company, provided that any holder may at any time on three (3) days’ written notice to the Company designate or substitute another address where notice is to be given. Notice shall be deemed given and received after a certified or registered letter, properly addressed with postage prepaid, is deposited in the U.S. mail.

12. Severability . Every provision of this Agreement is intended to be severable. If any term or provision hereof is illegal or invalid for any reason whatsoever, such illegality or invalidity shall not affect the remainder of this Agreement.

13. Assignment; Replacement of Warrant . The Warrant and the shares underlying the Warrant may be sold, transferred, assigned, pledged or hypothecated by you prior to one hundred eighty (180) days after the closing of the IPO only to bona fide officers of Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated, who in turn shall be subject to the same restriction. Any assignment shall be effected in accordance with the Form of Assignment attached hereto as Exhibit C . If the Warrant is assigned, in whole or in part, the Warrant shall be surrendered at the principal office of the Company, and thereupon, in the case of a partial assignment, a new Warrant shall be issued to the holder thereof covering the number of shares not assigned, and the assignee shall be

 

9


entitled to receive a new Warrant covering the number of shares so assigned. Upon receipt of evidence reasonably satisfactory to the Company of the loss, theft, destruction or mutilation of any Warrant and appropriate bond or indemnification protection, the Company shall issue a new Warrant of like tenor.

14. Rights of Shareholders . Until exercised, the Warrant shall not entitle the holder thereof to any of the rights of a shareholder of the Company.

15. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed and construed in accordance with the laws of the Commonwealth of Virginia without giving effect to the principles of choice of laws thereof.

16. Definition . All references to the word “you” in this Agreement shall be deemed to apply with equal effect to any persons or entities to whom a Warrant has been transferred in accordance with the terms hereof, and, where appropriate, to any persons or entities holding shares issuable upon exercise of a Warrant.

17. Headings . The headings herein are for purposes of reference only and shall not limit or otherwise affect the meaning of any of the provisions hereof.

[Execution Page Follows – Dehaier Medical Systems Limited – Warrant Agreement]

 

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[Execution Page – Dehaier Medical Systems Limited – Warrant Agreement]

 

Very truly yours,
DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED
By:    
Name:    Ping Chen
Title:   Chief Executive Officer

Accepted as of the ___ day of __________, _____.

 

ANDERSON & STRUDWICK, INCORPORATED
By:    
Name:    L. McCarthy Downs, III
Title:   Senior Vice President

 

11


EXHIBIT A

 

     

No. ____

_____________ Common Shares

(as may be adjusted pursuant to the terms of the Warrant Agreement)

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

COMMON SHARES PURCHASE WARRANT

THIS IS TO CERTIFY that ANDERSON & STRUDWICK, INCORPORATED or its assigns as permitted in that certain Warrant Agreement (the “Warrant Agreement”) dated ___________ ___, ____ between the Company (as hereafter defined) and Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated is entitled to purchase at any time or from time to time on or after the closing of the initial public offering of the Company’s common shares and before ____________ ___, _____, _____________ common shares of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, a British Virgin Islands company (the “Company”), for an exercise price of $_____ per share. This Warrant is issued pursuant to the Agreement, and all rights of the holder of this Warrant are further governed by, and subject to the terms and provisions of such Warrant Agreement, copies of which are available upon request to the Company. The holder of this Warrant and the shares issuable upon the exercise hereof shall be entitled to the benefits, rights and privileges and subject to the obligations, duties and liabilities provided in the Warrant Agreement.

UNTIL ONE HUNDRED EIGHTY (180) DAYS AFTER THE CLOSING OF THE INITIAL PUBLIC OFFERING OF THE COMMON SHARES OF DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED, NEITHER ANDERSON & STRUDWICK, INCORPORATED NOR ANY ASSIGNEE OF ALL OR A PORTION OF THE RIGHTS PURSUANT TO THIS WARRANT MAY SELL, TRANSFER, ASSIGN, PLEDGE OR HYPOTHECATE ANY OF ITS RIGHTS PURSUANT TO THIS WARRANT OTHER THAN TO BONA FIDE OFFICERS OF ANDERSON & STRUDWICK, INCORPORATED.

Subject to the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933, of the Warrant Agreement and of this Warrant, this Warrant and all rights hereunder are transferable, in whole or in part, only to the extent expressly permitted in such documents and then only at the office of the Company at Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, 1223 Epoch Center, No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, People’s Republic of China, Attention: Ping Chen, Chief Executive Officer, by the holder hereof or by a duly authorized attorney-in-fact, upon surrender of this Warrant duly endorsed, together with the Assignment hereof duly endorsed. Until transfer hereof on the books of the Company, the Company may treat the registered holder hereof as the owner hereof for all purposes.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the Company has caused this Warrant to be executed by its proper corporate officers thereunto duly authorized.

 

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED
By:    
Name:     
Title:    

 

ATTEST:
By:    
Name:     
Title:    


EXHIBIT B

FORM OF SUBSCRIPTION

To Dehaier Medical Systems Limited:

The undersigned, the holder of Warrant Number ______, hereby irrevocably elects to exercise the purchase right represented by such Warrant, and to purchase thereunder _________* common shares of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited.

As payment therefor, the undersigned (mark one):

______ herewith makes a payment in cash or by check of U.S. $              , or

______ requests to utilize the cashless exercise provision in Section 4(b) of the Warrant Agreement.

Further, the undersigned requests that the certificate or certificates for such shares be issued in the name of and delivered to the undersigned. The undersigned acknowledges and agrees that shares to be received by the undersigned are subject to the restrictions on transfer set forth in the Warrant.

 

 
(Signature)
   
   
(Address)

Dated: __________________________

 

* Insert here the number of common shares set forth on the face of the Warrant (or, in the case of a partial exercise, the portion thereof as to which the Warrant is being exercised), in either case without making any adjustment (which adjustment will be made in the issuance of such shares, other stock, securities, property, or cash) for additional common shares or any other stock or other securities or property or cash that, pursuant to the adjustment provisions of the Warrant, is deliverable upon exercise.


EXHIBIT C

FORM OF ASSIGNMENT

(To be signed only upon transfer of Warrant)

For value received, Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated, the registered holder of the Warrant issued by Dehaier Medical Systems Limited to purchase ___________ shares of common stock represented by Warrant ___, hereby sells, assigns and transfers ___________ of such Warrants to officers of Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated as set forth below, with the remaining balance (              ) to be reissued to Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated:

 

Assignee/Transferee      Amount Assigned/Transferred   
___________________________      ___________________________________   

Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated does hereby irrevocably constitute and appoint the undersigned’s attorney to make such transfer on the books of the Warrant Agent maintained for that purpose, with full power of substitution in the premises.

The undersigned represents and warrants that the transfer of the attached Warrant is permitted by the terms of the Warrant Agreement pursuant to which the attached Warrant has been issued, and the transferees hereof, by acceptance of this Agreement, agrees to be bound by the terms of the Warrant Agreement with the same force and effect as if a signatory thereto.

 

ANDERSON & STRUDWICK, INCORPORATED
By:    
Name:     
Title:    

Date: __________________________

Signature Guaranteed by:

THE SIGNATURE SHOULD BE GUARANTEED BY AN ELIGIBLE GUARANTOR INSTITUTION (BANKS, STOCKBROKERS, SAVINGS AND LOAN ASSOCIATIONS AND CREDIT UNIONS WITH MEMBERSHIP IN AN APPROVED SIGNATURE GUARANTEE MEDALLION PROGRAM) PURSUANT TO S.E.C RULE 17 Ad-15.

Exhibit 10.2

Serial. No:________________

Labor Contract

 

   Party A: Dehaier Medical Technology Ltd.   
   Party B:                                                                 
   Signature Date:                                                     


LABOR CONTRACT

Dehaier Medical Technology Co. Ltd. (hereinafter referred to as “Party A”)

and

 

Name of Employee: _______   Identification Card No.: _________

(hereinafter referred to as “Party B”)

hereby execute this Contract in accordance with the applicable provisions of “The Labor Law of the People’s Republic of China” and other laws and regulations on the basis of equality, voluntariness and consensus.

Article I

Term of Contract and Probation Period

 

  1. The term of this Contract shall be _____ years ___ months, from dd mm yy to dd mm yy, during this: there shall be a probation period of _______ years ______ months, from dd mm yy to dd mm yy.

 

  2. This Contract shall take effect on the day Party B actually commences work for Party A.

 

  3. During probation period, Party A shall perform a performance review on Party B, and shall decide whether to formally hire Party B based on Party B’s work performance and capabilities. The probation period shall end upon notice from Party A of Party B’s formal hiring, and Party B shall become Party A’s formal employee. In the event that Party A does not believe that Party B fully meets hiring conditions, Party A may extend the probation period in accordance with applicable rules. During the probation period, in the event that Party A does not believe that Party B meets hiring conditions and decides not to hire Part A, this Contract shall be terminated automatically.

 

  4.

On the day Party B reports to work, Party B shall provide Party A with the labor certificate or relevant severance certificates [from Party B’s previous employer]. In the event such proof is not provided within half a month, Party B must have a reasonable


 

application and may get an extension only after Party A gives consent, and said extension shall not exceed one month. In the event that Party B fails to provide relevant proof within the prescribed timeframe, this Contract shall be automatically terminated.

Article 2

Job Post and Job Duties

 

  1. Party B shall hold the position of _______ with the department of ______. Party B shall complete his work according to the job duties defined by Party A.

 

  2. Party A may change Party B’s job due to Party A’s business need or due to Party B’s capabilities or performance. Party B shall have the right to make his own comment, but shall comply with Party A’s work arrangements and shall complete the procedures for change according to the rules.

Article 3

Work Conditions and Labor Protection

 

  1. Party A shall implement a 40-hour work week system. Due to business needs, management, sales and service departments, etc., shall implement an irregular work system or comprehensive work hour system.

 

  2. In the event that Party A needs Party B to work overtime due to business needs, Party A may provide makeup breaks or compensation.

 

  3. Party A shall provide Party B with work environment and labor protection measures consistent with the requirements of the Chinese Government.

Article 4

Compensation

 

  1. In accordance with the current salary system of Party A, Party B’s total monthly salary shall be RMB_____. At the end of the probation period, Party B’s monthly salary shall be issued in the following manner:

 

  a. The base amount shall be RMB ___, of which % shall be the performance review bonus, which shall be issued after being floated according to Party A’s performance review system.


  b. The salary shall be RMB , plus a bonus. The bonus shall be issued in accordance with relevant requirements of Party A.

 

  2.

Party A shall issue the salary for the previous month on the 10 th of each month.

 

  3. Party B’s personal income adjustment tax shall be borne by Party B himself, and shall be withheld by Party A.

 

  4. Party A may pay Party B a certain amount of subsidies and bonuses depending on the business operating status and Party B’s work performance.

 

  5. In the event that Party A implements a new salary system, adjusts salary levels or in the event that Party B’s duty post and position is changed, Party A may make an adjustment to Party B’s salary in accordance with the relevant rules.

Article 5

Labor Insurance, Welfare and Benefits

 

  1. Party shall pay relevant social insurance to designated authorities on Party B’s behalf in a timely manner in accordance with government requirements.

 

  2. Party B shall be entitled to legal holidays specified by the Chinese Government, as well as paid leaves, such as annual vacations, marital leave, bereavement leave and maternity leave, etc.

 

  3. During Party B’s employment with Party A, in the event of Party B’s sickness or non-job related injuries, Party B shall set Party B’s medical leave in accordance with government requirements.


Article 6

Labor Discipline

 

  1. Party B shall strictly comply with the various rules and regulations prepared by Party A in accordance with law.

 

  2. In the event that Party B has complied with rules and regulations in an exemplary manner or in the event that Party B has violated such rules and regulations, Party A shall reward and discipline Party B, as the case may be.

Article 7

Termination of, Changes to, Renewal and Dissolution of Labor Contract

 

  1. Upon the occurrence of any one of the following circumstances, this Labor Contract shall be terminated:

 

  a) The expiration of this Labor Contract;

 

  b) Party A has been declared bankrupt in accordance with law;

 

  c) Party A has been dissolved or revoked in accordance with law;

 

  d) Party B’s retirement, severance or death;

 

  e) Other circumstances specified by law and regulations;

 

  2. This Labor Contract may be terminated upon consensus between Party A and Party B;

 

  3. Upon its expiration, this Labor Contract may be renewed upon mutual agreement between Party A and Party B;

 

  4. Due to change of products, adjustment to business operations or due to policy adjustments and other changes of circumstances, Party A may change the relevant contents of this Contract and complete the procedures for such changes;


  5. Party B may terminate this Labor Contract at any time upon the occurrence of any one of the following circumstances:

 

  a) Party B is in the probation period;

 

  b) Part A forces Party B to perform labor through force, threat or illegal restriction on Party B’s personal freedom;

 

  c) Party A fails to pay labor compensation or provide work conditions;

 

  d) Upon confirmation by labor protection and labor health oversight authorities, Party A’s work safety and health conditions do not meet the standards of laws and regulations;

 

  6. Party B must give Party A 30 days of written notice when it requests termination of this Labor Contract. In the event that any special provisions have been covenanted regarding the deadline for advance notice, the requirement for such a prescribed deadline shall be met.

 

  7. Upon the occurrence of any one of the following circumstances, Party A may terminate this Labor Contract, but must give Party B 30 days written notice:

 

  a) In the event that Party B becomes sick or suffers non-work related injuries, after Party B’s medical leave has ended, Party B still has not recovered, or although Party B has recovered, Party B cannot perform the work on the original duty post or any other work arranged by Party A;

 

  b) Party B is incompetent, and still remains incompetent even after training or even though Party B’s duty post has been adjusted;

 

  c) There have been major changes to in objective circumstances used as the basis for the execution of this Labor Contract, rendering it impossible to perform the original Labor Contract, and the parties are still not able to reach an agreement on changes to this Labor Contract after their consultations;


  8. Party B may terminate this Labor contract at any time upon the occurrence of any one of the following circumstances on Party B’s part:

 

  a) Party B proves that Party A has not met the hiring conditions during the probation period;

 

  b) The cumulative number of days of Party B’s absence without leave and leave exceeds the number of days allowed by Party A;

 

  c) Party B seriously violates the labor discipline or the rules and regulations of the company;

 

  d) Party B neglects his duty and is engaged in malpractice for personal gains, causing substantial loss to Party A;

 

  e) Part B is held criminally liable in accordance with law; and

 

  f) Other circumstances specified by laws and regulations.

 

  9. The performance of this Labor Contract shall be suspended upon the occurrence of any one of the following circumstances:

 

  a) Party B is drafted into military service or performs other legally mandated obligations specified by the state;

 

  b) Party B is temporarily unable to perform the obligations under this Labor Contract, but there are still conditions and possibilities for the employee to continue to perform them; and

 

  c) Other circumstances set forth by laws and regulations or covenanted by this Labor Contract.


Article 8

Liabilities for Breach of This Labor Contract

 

  1. Upon the termination, dissolution of this Labor Contract or upon the occurrence of liability for breach of same, legal liabilities shall be undertaken in accordance with the applicable provisions of the “Labor Law” and state laws and regulations. In the event that any economic losses or damages have been caused to the other party, liabilities for damages shall be in accordance with law.

 

  2. In the event that when Party A terminates this Contract in accordance with Section 7, Article 7, and Party B terminates this Contract in accordance with Section 7, Article 7 and Clause 2, Section 2, Article 9, if no advance notice is given in accordance with the prescribed requirements or if advance notice is insufficient, compensation shall be paid at the number of deficient days multiplied by the average number of days of Party B’s actual monthly salaries.

 

  3. When Party B is engaged in professional and technical work or has access to Party A’s trade secrets or in the event Party B terminates this Contract in violation of Clause a, Section 2 and Section 3 Article 9 during the period of required service, Party B shall be liable for breach of contract and pay a penalty equivalent to three months’ salaries.

 

  4. In the event Party B has received training funded by Party A and terminates this Contract in violation of Clause a to Clause e, Section 8 Article 7 during the period of required service, Part B shall compensate Party A for the training fee, which shall be decreased by the year in accordance with the applicable state requirements.

Article 9

Other Matters Covenanted by the Parties Through Consultations

 

  1. Confidentiality

 

  a) Party A maintains a strict policy on confidentiality. Any violation by Party B of the confidentiality rule shall be a serious violation of this Contract. Upon severance, Party B shall not photocopy, take away or disclose in any manner any documents or information belonging to Party A, and shall maintain trade secrets for Party A.


  2. Denial of Access to Secrets

 

  a) Party B shall maintain trade secrets for Party A. Relevant workers who engage in professional and technical work or who have access to trade secrets shall give Party A three months of written notice when they request termination of their labor contracts. During this time, Party A may take corresponding measures to deny access to secrets.

 

  b) During Party B’s denial of access to secrets, Part A shall have the right to adjust Party B’s duty post, and may adjust Party B’s duty post salary based on the current duty post.

 

  3. The Required Service Period

 

  a) In the event that Party A has spent funds to hire Party B, has provided training or other special treatment to Party B, Party A may covenant a required service period with Party B.

 

  b) In the event that Party B terminates this Labor Contract during the required service period, Party B shall give Party A two months written notice, and shall compensate Part A in accordance with relevant requirements. At the same time, Party A may adjust Party B’s duty post.

 

  4. Non-competition

 

  a) Part B agrees not to be hired by another company without approval during the term of this Contract.

 

  b) Party B agrees not to engage in direct or indirect business contact with Part A and the affiliates thereof without approval for one year after the termination of this Contract; shall not engage in actions in competition with Party A and the affiliates thereof or engage in business of a similar nature in any manner, and Part A shall provide corresponding compensation.


  5. Intellectual Property: Party A shall own the rights to all intellectual property created by Party B relating to Party B’s employment during the service period, including inventions, creations, all patents, copyrights and other intellectual properties.

 

  6. Other Covenants

Article 10

For matters not covered by this Contract, decisions shall be made by reference to applicable provincial and local laws, regulations and policies, as well as the system of the company. In the absence of specific rules, such matters shall be resolved by Party A and Party B through friendly consultations.

Article 11

In the event that the provisions of this Contract contravene applicable provincial laws, regulations and policies, applicable provincial laws, regulations and policies shall control.

Article 12

This Contract shall be in duplicate copies, with one copy for each of the parties, and shall take effect upon affixation thereto of the signatures and seals of the parties.

Party A (Seal)

Beijing XXXXX Co., Ltd.

 

Signature of Authorized Representative:   Date: dd mm yy

 

Party B’s signature:   Date: dd mm yy

Exhibit 10.3

LOCK-UP AGREEMENT

________ ___,____________

 

By Facsimile (____________)

 

By Facsimile ((804) 648-3404)

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited   Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated
1223 Epoch Center   707 East Main Street
No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road   20 th Floor
Haidian District, Beijing 100089   Richmond, Virginia 23219
People’s Republic of China   Attn: L. McCarthy Downs, III,
Attn: Ping Chen            Senior Vice President
          CEO  

Re: Lock-Up Agreement

Dear Mr. Ping and Mr. Downs:

The undersigned understands that Anderson & Strudwick, Incorporated (the “Placement Agent”), proposes to enter into a Placement Agreement with Dehaier Medical Systems Limited (the “Company”), providing for the public offering (the “Offering”), by the Placement Agent of a minimum of 1,250,000 common shares and a maximum of 1,500,000 common shares (the “Shares”).

In consideration of the Placement Agent’s agreement to undertake the Offering of the Shares on a “best efforts, minimum/maximum” basis, and for other good and valuable consideration, the receipt of which is hereby acknowledged, the undersigned agrees that the undersigned will not register, offer, sell, contract to sell, grant any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for the Shares or any warrants to purchase the Shares (including, without limitation, securities of the Company which may be deemed to be beneficially owned by the undersigned in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and securities which may be issued upon the exercise of a stock option or warrant) for a period of (a) as to one-half (1/2) of the Shares now or in the future beneficially owned by the undersigned, ninety (90) days after the date of the offering and (b) as to the other one-half of such Shares, one hundred ninety (190) days after the closing date of this offering. The obligations under this lock-up period are separate from any obligations that may relate to the Make Good Escrow Agreement to be entered between the Placement Agent, an escrow agent, the Company and certain shareholders of the Company on the date hereof.

The undersigned understands that the Company, the Placement Agent and the Representatives will proceed with the Offering in reliance upon this Lock-up Agreement.

 

Very truly yours,
By:    
Name:     
Its:    

Exhibit 10.4

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

2009 SHARE INCENTIVE PLAN

1. Purpose and Effective Date .

(a) The purpose of the Dehaier Medical Systems Limited 2009 Share Incentive Plan (the “Plan”) is to further the long term stability and financial success of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited (the “Company”) by attracting and retaining personnel, including employees, non-employee directors, and consultants, through the use of stock incentives. It is believed that ownership of Company stock will stimulate the efforts of those employees upon whose judgment, interest and efforts the Company is and will be largely dependent for the successful conduct of its business.

(b) The Plan was adopted by the Board of Directors and the shareholders of the Company on                 ,        ,              (the “Effective Date”).

2. Definitions .

(a) Act . The Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.

(b) Affiliate . The meaning assigned to the term “affiliate” under Rule 12b-2 of the Act.

(c) Applicable Withholding Taxes . The aggregate amount of federal, state and local income and payroll taxes that the Company is required to withhold (based on the minimum applicable statutory withholding rates) in connection with any exercise of an Option or the award, lapse of restrictions or payment with respect to Restricted Stock.

(d) Award . The award of an Option or Restricted Stock under the Plan.

(e) Beneficiary . The person or persons entitled to receive a benefit pursuant to an Award upon the death of a Participant.

(f) Board . The Board of Directors of the Company.

(g) Cause . Dishonesty, fraud, misconduct, gross incompetence, gross negligence, breach of a material fiduciary duty, material breach of an agreement with the Company, unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential information or trade secrets, or conviction or confession of a crime punishable by law (except minor violations), in each case as determined by the Committee, which determination shall be binding. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if “Cause” is defined in an employment agreement between a Participant and the Company, “Cause” shall have the meaning assigned to it in such agreement.

(h) Change of Control .

(i) The acquisition by any unrelated person of beneficial ownership (as that term is used for purposes of the Act) of 50% or more of the then outstanding common shares of the Company or the combined voting power of the then outstanding voting securities of the Company entitled to vote generally in the election of directors. The term “unrelated person” means any person other than (x) the Company and its subsidiaries, (y) an employee benefit plan or related trust sponsored by the Company or its subsidiaries, and (z) a person who acquires stock of the Company pursuant to an agreement with the Company that is approved by the Board in advance of the acquisition. For purposes of this subsection, a “person” means an individual, entity or group, as that term is used for purposes of the Act;

(ii) Any tender or exchange offer, merger or other business combination, sale of assets or any combination of the foregoing transactions, and the Company is not the surviving corporation; and

(iii) A liquidation of the Company.

(i) Code . The Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.

(j) Committee . The Compensation Committee of the Board.


(k) Company . Dehaier Medical Systems Limited.

(l) Company Stock . The common shares of the Company. In the event of a change in the capital structure of the Company (as provided in Section 12 below), the shares resulting from such a change shall be deemed to be Company Stock within the meaning of the Plan.

(m) Consultant . A person rendering services to the Company who is not an “employee” for purposes of employment tax withholding under the Code.

(n) Corporate Change . A consolidation, merger, dissolution or liquidation of the Company, or a sale or distribution of assets or stock (other than in the ordinary course of business) of the Company; provided that, unless the Committee determines otherwise, a Corporate Change shall only be considered to have occurred with respect to Participants whose business unit is affected by the Corporate Change.

(o) Date of Grant . The date as of which an Award is made by the Committee.

(p) Disability or Disabled . As to an Incentive Stock Option, a Disability within the meaning of Code Section 22(e)(3). As to all other Incentive Awards, the Committee shall determine whether a Disability exists and such determination shall be conclusive.

(q) Fair Market Value .

(i) If Company Stock is traded on a national securities exchange, the average of the highest and lowest registered sales prices of Company Stock on such exchange;

(ii) If Company Stock is traded in the over-the-counter market, the average between the closing bid and asked prices as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market; or

(iii) If shares of Company Stock are not publicly traded, the Fair Market Value shall be determined by the Committee using any reasonable method in good faith.

Fair Market Value shall be determined as of the applicable date specified in the Plan or, if there are no trades on such date, the value shall be determined as of the last preceding day on which Company Stock is traded.

(r) Incentive Stock Option . An Option intended to meet the requirements of, and qualify for favorable Federal income tax treatment under, Code Section 422.

(s) Nonstatutory Stock Option . An Option that does not meet the requirements of Code Section 422, or that is otherwise not intended to be an Incentive Stock Option and is so designated.

(t) Option . A right to purchase Company Stock granted under the Plan, at a price determined in accordance with the Plan.

(u) Participant . Any individual who receives an Award under the Plan.

(v) Restricted Stock . Company Stock awarded upon the terms and subject to the restrictions set forth in Section 7 below.

(w) Rule 16b-3 . Rule 16b-3 of the Act, including any corresponding subsequent rule or any amendments to Rule 16b-3 enacted after the effective date of the Plan.

(x) 10% Shareholder . A person who owns, directly or indirectly, stock possessing more than 10% of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or an Affiliate. Indirect ownership of stock shall be determined in accordance with Code Section 424(d).

3. General . Awards of Options and Restricted Stock may be granted under the Plan. Options granted under the Plan may be Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options.

4. Stock . Subject to Section 12 of the Plan, there shall be reserved for issuance under the Plan a total of 450,000 unissued shares of Company Stock. Shares allocable to Options granted under the Plan that expire or

 

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otherwise terminate unexercised and shares that are forfeited pursuant to restrictions on Restricted Stock awarded under the Plan may again be subjected to an Award under this Plan. For purposes of determining the number of shares that are available for Awards under the Plan, such number shall, if permissible under Rule 16b-3, include the number of shares surrendered by a Participant or retained by the Company (a) in connection with the exercise of an Option or (b) in payment of Applicable Withholding Taxes.

5. Eligibility .

(a) Any employee of, non-employee director of, or Consultant to the Company or its affiliates, who, in the judgment of the Committee, has contributed or can be expected to contribute to the profits or growth of the Company is eligible to become a Participant. The Committee shall have the power and complete discretion, as provided in Section 14, to select eligible Participants and to determine for each Participant the terms, conditions and nature of the Award and the number of shares to be allocated as part of the Award; provided, however, that any award made to a member of the Committee must be approved by the Board. The Committee is expressly authorized to make an Award to a Participant conditioned on the surrender for cancellation of an existing Award.

(b) The grant of an Award shall not obligate the Company to pay an employee any particular amount of remuneration, to continue the employment of the employee after the grant or to make further grants to the employee at any time thereafter.

(c) Non-employee directors and Consultants shall not be eligible to receive the Award of an Incentive Stock Option.

6. Stock Options .

(a) Whenever the Committee deems it appropriate to grant Options, notice shall be given to the Participant stating the number of shares for which Options are granted, the Option price per share, whether the options are Incentive Stock Options or Nonstatutory Stock Options, and the conditions to which the grant and exercise of the Options are subject. This notice, when duly accepted in writing by the Participant, shall become a stock option agreement between the Company and the Participant.

(b) The Committee shall establish the exercise price of Options. The exercise price of an Incentive Stock Option shall be not less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of such shares on the Date of Grant, provided that if the Participant is a 10% Shareholder, the exercise price of an Incentive Stock Option shall be not less than 110% of the Fair Market Value of such shares on the Date of Grant. The exercise price of a Nonstatutory Stock Option Award shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the shares of Company Stock covered by the Option on the Date of Grant.

(c) Options may be exercised in whole or in part at such times as may be specified by the Committee in the Participant’s stock option agreement. The Committee may impose such vesting conditions and other requirements as the Committee deems appropriate, and the Committee may include such provisions regarding a Change of Control or Corporate Change as the Committee deems appropriate.

(d) The Committee shall establish the term of each Option in the Participant’s stock option agreement. The term of an Incentive Stock Option shall not be longer than ten years from the Date of Grant, except that an Incentive Stock Option granted to a 10% Shareholder may not have a term in excess of five years. No option may be exercised after the expiration of its term or, except as set forth in the Participant’s stock option agreement, after the termination of the Participant’s employment. The Committee shall set forth in the Participant’s stock option agreement when, and under what circumstances, an Option may be exercised after termination of the Participant’s employment or period of service; provided that no Incentive Stock Option may be exercised after (i) three months from the Participant’s termination of employment with the Company for reasons other than Disability or death, or (ii) one year from the Participant’s termination of employment on account of Disability or death. The Committee may, in its sole discretion, amend a previously granted Incentive Stock Option to provide for more liberal exercise provisions, provided however that if the Incentive Stock Option as amended no longer meets the requirements of Code Section 422, and, as a result the Option no longer qualifies for favorable federal income tax treatment under Code Section 422, the amendment shall not become effective without the written consent of the Participant.

(e) An Incentive Stock Option, by its terms, shall be exercisable in any calendar year only to the extent that the aggregate Fair Market Value (determined at the Date of Grant) of Company Stock with respect to which

 

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Incentive Stock Options are exercisable by the Participant for the first time during the calendar year does not exceed $100,000 (the “Limitation Amount”). Incentive Stock Options granted under the Plan and all other plans of the Company and any parent or Subsidiary of the Company shall be aggregated for purposes of determining whether the Limitation Amount has been exceeded. The Board may impose such conditions as it deems appropriate on an Incentive Stock option to ensure that the foregoing requirement is met. If Incentive Stock Options that first become exercisable in a calendar year exceed the Limitation Amount, the excess Options will be treated as Nonstatutory Stock Options to the extent permitted by law.

(f) If a Participant dies and if the Participant’s stock option agreement provides that part or all of the Option may be exercised after the Participant’s death, then such portion may be exercised by the personal representative of the Participant’s estate during the time period specified in the stock option agreement.

(g) If a Participant’s employment or services is terminated by the Company for Cause, the Participant’s Options shall terminate as of the date of the misconduct.

7. Restricted Stock Awards .

(a) Whenever the Committee deems it appropriate to grant a Restricted Stock Award, notice shall be given to the Participant stating the number of shares of Restricted Stock for which the Award is granted and the terms and conditions to which the Award is subject. This notice, when accepted in writing by the Participant, shall become an Award agreement between the Company and the Participant. Certificates representing the shares shall be issued in the name of the Participant, subject to the restrictions imposed by the Plan and the Committee. A Restricted Stock Award may be made by the Committee in its discretion without cash consideration.

(b) The Committee may place such restrictions on the transferability and vesting of Restricted Stock as the Committee deems appropriate, including restrictions relating to continued employment and financial performance goals. Without limiting the foregoing, the Committee may provide performance or Change of Control or Corporate Change acceleration parameters under which all, or a portion, of the Restricted Stock will vest on the Company’s achievement of established performance objectives. Restricted Stock may not be sold, assigned, transferred, disposed of, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise encumbered until the restrictions on such shares shall have lapsed or shall have been removed pursuant to subsection (c) below.

(c) The Committee may provide in a Restricted Stock Award, or subsequently, that the restrictions will lapse if a Change of Control or Corporate Change occurs. The Committee may at any time, in its sole discretion, accelerate the time at which any or all restrictions will lapse or may remove restrictions on Restricted Stock as it deems appropriate.

(d) A Participant shall hold shares of Restricted Stock subject to the restrictions set forth in the Award agreement and in the Plan. In other respects, the Participant shall have all the rights of a shareholder with respect to the shares of Restricted Stock, including, but not limited to, the right to vote such shares and the right to receive all cash dividends and other distributions paid thereon. Certificates representing Restricted Stock shall bear a legend referring to the restrictions set forth in the Plan and the Participant’s Award agreement. If stock dividends are declared on Restricted Stock, such stock dividends or other distributions shall be subject to the same restrictions as the underlying shares of Restricted Stock.

8. Method of Exercise of Options .

(a) Options may be exercised by giving written notice of the exercise to the Company, stating the number of shares the Participant has elected to purchase under the Option. Such notice shall be effective only if accompanied by the exercise price in full in cash; provided that, if the terms of an Option so permit, the Participant may (i) deliver Company Stock that the Participant has owned for at least six months (valued at Fair Market Value on the date of exercise), or (ii) exercise any applicable net exercise provision contained therein. Unless otherwise specifically provided in the Option, any payment of the exercise price paid by delivery of Company Stock acquired directly or indirectly from the Company shall be paid only with shares of Company Stock that have been held by the Participant for more than six months (or such longer or shorter period of time required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes).

(b) Notwithstanding anything herein to the contrary, Awards shall always be granted and exercised in such a manner as to conform to the provisions of Rule 16b-3.

 

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9. Applicable Withholding Taxes . Each Participant shall agree, as a condition of receiving an Award, to pay to the Company, or make arrangements satisfactory to the Company regarding the payment of, all Applicable Withholding Taxes with respect to the Award. Until the Applicable Withholding Taxes have been paid or arrangements satisfactory to the Company have been made, no stock certificates (or, in the case of Restricted Stock, no stock certificates free of a restrictive legend) shall be issued to the Participant. As an alternative to making a cash payment to the Company to satisfy Applicable Withholding Tax obligations, the Committee may establish procedures permitting the Participant to elect to (a) deliver shares of already owned Company Stock (subject to such restrictions as the Committee may establish, including a requirement that any shares of Company Stock so delivered shall have been held by the Participant for not less than six months) or (b) have the Company retain that number of shares of Company Stock that would satisfy all or a specified portion of the Applicable Withholding Taxes. Any such election shall be made only in accordance with procedures established by the Committee and in accordance with Rule 16b-3.

10. Nontransferability of Awards .

(a) In general, Awards, by their terms, shall not be transferable by the Participant except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution or except as described below. Options shall be exercisable, during the Participant’s lifetime, only by the Participant or by his guardian or legal representative.

(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of (a) and subject to federal and state securities laws, the Committee may grant Nonstatutory Stock Options that permit a Participant to transfer the Options to one or more immediate family members, to a trust for the benefit of immediate family members, or to a partnership, limited liability company, or other entity the only partners, members, or interest-holders of which are among the Participant’s immediate family members. Consideration may not be paid for the transfer of Options. The transferee of an Option shall be subject to all conditions applicable to the Option prior to its transfer. The agreement granting the Option shall set forth the transfer conditions and restrictions. The Committee may impose on any transferable Option and on stock issued upon the exercise of an Option such limitations and conditions as the Committee deems appropriate.

11. Termination, Modification, Change . If not sooner terminated by the Board, this Plan shall terminate at the close of business on the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date. No Awards shall be made under the Plan after its termination. The Board may terminate the Plan or may amend the Plan in such respects as it shall deem advisable; provided that, if and to the extent required by Rule 16b-3, no change shall be made that increases the total number of shares of Company Stock reserved for issuance pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan (except pursuant to Section 12), expands the class of persons eligible to receive Awards, or materially increases the benefits accruing to Participants under the Plan, unless such change is authorized by the shareholders of the Company. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board may unilaterally amend the Plan and Awards as it deems appropriate to ensure compliance with Rule 16b-3 and to cause Incentive Stock Options to meet the requirements of the Code and regulations thereunder. Except as provided in the preceding sentence, a termination or amendment of the Plan shall not, without the consent of the Participant, adversely affect a Participant’s rights under an Award previously granted to him.

12. Change in Capital Structure .

(a) In the event of a stock dividend, stock split or combination of shares, spin-off, reclassification, recapitalization, merger or other change in the Company’s capital stock (including, but not limited to, the creation or issuance to shareholders generally of rights, options or warrants for the purchase of common shares or preferred stock of the Company), the number and kind of shares of stock or securities of the Company to be issued under the Plan (under outstanding Awards and Awards to be granted in the future), the exercise price of options, and other relevant provisions shall be appropriately adjusted by the Committee, whose determination shall be binding on all persons. If the adjustment would produce fractional shares with respect to any Award, the Committee may adjust appropriately the number of shares covered by the Award so as to eliminate the fractional shares.

(b) In the event the Company distributes to its shareholders a dividend , or sells or causes to be sold to a person other than the Company or a Subsidiary shares of stock in any corporation (a “Spinoff Company”) which, immediately before the distribution or sale, was a majority owned Subsidiary of the Company, the Committee shall have the power, in its sole discretion, to make such adjustments as the Committee deems appropriate. The Committee may make adjustments in the number and kind of shares or other securities to be issued under the Plan (under outstanding Awards and Awards to be granted in the future), the exercise price of Options, and other relevant provisions, and, without limiting the foregoing, may substitute securities of a Spinoff Company for securities of the

 

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Company. The Committee shall make such adjustments as it determines to be appropriate, considering the economic effect of the distribution or sale on the interests of the Company’s shareholders and the Participants in the businesses operated by the Spinoff Company, and subject to the proviso that any such adjustments or new options shall not be made or granted, respectively, that would result in subjecting the Plan to variable plan accounting treatment. The Committee’s determination shall be binding on all persons. If the adjustment would produce fractional shares with respect to any Award, the Committee may adjust appropriately the number of shares covered by the Award so as to eliminate the fractional shares.

(c) To the extent required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes, adjustments made by the Committee pursuant to this Section 12 to outstanding Awards shall be made so that both (i) the aggregate intrinsic value of an Award immediately after the adjustment is not greater than or less than the Award’s aggregate intrinsic value before the adjustment and (ii) the ratio of the exercise price per share to the market value per share is not reduced.

(d) Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, the Committee may take the foregoing actions without the consent of any Participant, and the Committee’s determination shall be conclusive and binding on all persons for all purposes. The Committee shall make its determinations consistent with Rule 16b-3 and the applicable provisions of the Code.

13. Change of Control . In the event of a Change of Control or Corporate Change, the Committee may take such actions with respect to Awards as the Committee deems appropriate. These actions may include, but shall not be limited to, the following:

(a) At the time the Award is made, provide for the acceleration of the vesting schedule relating to the exercise or realization of the Award so that the Award may be exercised or realized in full on or before a date initially fixed by the Committee;

(b) Provide for the purchase or settlement of any such Award by the Company for any amount of cash equal to the amount which could have been obtained upon the exercise of such Award or realization of a Participant’s rights had such Award been currently exercisable or payable;

(c) Make adjustments to Awards then outstanding as the Committee deems appropriate to reflect such Change of Control or Corporate Change; provided, however, that to the extent required to avoid a charge to earnings for financial accounting purposes, such adjustments shall be made so that both (i) the aggregate intrinsic value of an Award immediately after the adjustment is not greater than or less than the Award’s aggregate intrinsic value before the Award and (ii) the ratio of the exercise price per share to the market value per share is not reduced; or

(d) Cause any such Award then outstanding to be assumed, or new rights substituted therefore, by the acquiring or surviving legal entity in such Change of Control or Corporate Change.

14. Administration of the Plan .

(a) The Plan shall be administered by the Committee, who shall be appointed by the Board. The Board may designate the Compensation Committee of the Board, or a subcommittee of the Compensation Committee, to be the Committee for purposes of the Plan. If and to the extent required by Rule 16b-3, all members of the Committee shall be “Non-Employee Directors” as that term is defined in Rule 16b-3, and the Committee shall be comprised solely of two or more “outside directors” as that term is defined for purposes of Code section 162(m). If any member of the Committee fails to qualify as an “outside director” or (to the extent required by Rule 16b-3) a “Non-Employee Director,” such person shall immediately cease to be a member of the Committee and shall not take part in future Committee deliberations. The Board of Directors may from time to time may appoint members of the Committee and fill vacancies, however caused, in the Committee.

(b) The Committee shall have the authority to impose such limitations or conditions upon an Award as the Committee deems appropriate to achieve the objectives of the Award and the Plan. Without limiting the foregoing and in addition to the powers set forth elsewhere in the Plan, the Committee shall have the power and complete discretion to determine (i) which eligible persons shall receive an Award and the nature of the Award, (ii) the number of shares of Company Stock to be covered by each Award, (iii) whether Options shall be Incentive Stock options or Nonstatutory Stock Options, (iv) the Fair Market Value of Company Stock, (v) the time or times when an Award shall be granted, (vi) whether an Award shall become vested over a period of time, according to a

 

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performance-based vesting schedule or otherwise, and when it shall be fully vested, (vii) the terms and conditions under which restrictions imposed upon an Award shall lapse, (viii) whether a Change of Control or Corporate Change exists, (ix) the terms of incentive programs, performance criteria and other factors relevant to the issuance of Incentive Stock or the lapse of restrictions on Restricted Stock or Options, (x) when Options may be exercised, (xi) whether to approve a Participant’s election with respect to Applicable Withholding Taxes, (xii) conditions relating to the length of time before disposition of Company Stock received in connection with an Award is permitted, (xiii) notice provisions relating to the sale of Company Stock acquired under the Plan, and (xiv) any additional requirements relating to Awards that the Committee deems appropriate. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no “tandem stock options” (where two stock options are issued together and the exercise of one option affects the right to exercise the other option) may be issued in connection with Incentive Stock Options.

(c) The Committee shall have the power to amend the terms of previously granted Awards so long as the terms as amended are consistent with the terms of the Plan and, where applicable, consistent with the qualification of an option as an Incentive Stock Option. The consent of the Participant must be obtained with respect to any amendment that would adversely affect the Participant’s rights under the Award, except that such consent shall not be required if such amendment is for the purpose of complying with Rule 16b-3 or any requirement of the Code applicable to the Award.

(d) The Committee may adopt rules and regulations for carrying out the Plan. The Committee shall have the express discretionary authority to construe and interpret the Plan and the Award agreements, to resolve any ambiguities, to define any terms, and to make any other determinations required by the Plan or an Award agreement. The interpretation and construction of any provisions of the Plan or an Award agreement by the Committee shall be final and conclusive. The Committee may consult with counsel, who may be counsel to the Company, and shall not incur any liability for any action taken in good faith in reliance upon the advice of counsel.

(e) A majority of the members of the Committee shall constitute a quorum, and all actions of the Committee shall be taken by a majority of the members present. Any action may be taken by a written instrument signed by all of the members, and any action so taken shall be fully effective as if it had been taken at a meeting.

15. Issuance of Company Stock . The Company shall not be required to issue or deliver any certificate for shares of Company Stock before (i) the admission of such shares to listing on any stock exchange on which Company Stock may then be listed, (ii) receipt of any required registration or other qualification of such shares under any state or federal securities law or regulation that the Company’s counsel shall determine is necessary or advisable, and (iii) the Company shall have been advised by counsel that all applicable legal requirements have been complied with. The Company may place on a certificate representing Company Stock any legend required to reflect restrictions pursuant to the Plan, and any legend deemed necessary by the Company’s counsel to comply with federal or state securities laws. The Company may require a customary written indication of a Participant’s investment intent. Until a Participant has been issued a certificate for the shares of Company Stock acquired, the Participant shall possess no shareholder rights with respect to the shares.

16. Rights Under the Plan . Title to and beneficial ownership of all benefits described in the Plan shall at all times remain with the Company. Participation in the Plan and the right to receive payments under the Plan shall not give a Participant any proprietary interest in the Company or any Affiliate or any of their assets. No trust fund shall be created in connection with the Plan, and there shall be no required funding of amounts that may become payable under the Plan. A Participant shall, for all purposes, be a general creditor of the Company. The interest of a Participant in the Plan cannot be assigned, anticipated, sold, encumbered or pledged and shall not be subject to the claims of his creditors.

17. Beneficiary . A Participant may designate, on a form provided by the Committee, one or more beneficiaries to receive any payments under Awards of Restricted Stock or Incentive Stock after the Participant’s death. If a Participant makes no valid designation, or if the designated beneficiary fails to survive the Participant or otherwise fails to receive the benefits, the Participant’s beneficiary shall be the first of the following persons who survives the Participant: (a) the Participant’s surviving spouse, (b) the Participant’s surviving descendants, per stirpes , or (c) the personal representative of the Participant’s estate.

18. Notice . All notices and other communications required or permitted to be given under this Plan shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if delivered personally or mailed first class, postage prepaid, as follows: (a) if to the Company—at its principal business address to the attention of the Secretary; (b) if to any Participant—at the last address of the Participant known to the sender at the time the notice or other communication is sent.

 

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19. Interpretation . The terms of this Plan and Awards granted pursuant to the Plan are subject to all present and future regulations and rulings of the Secretary of the Treasury relating to the qualification of Incentive Stock Options under the Code or compliance with Code section 162(m), to the extent applicable, and they are subject to all present and future rulings of the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to Rule 16b-3. If any provision of the Plan or an Award conflicts with any such regulation or ruling, to the extent applicable, the Committee shall cause the Plan to be amended, and shall modify the Award, so as to comply, or if for any reason amendments cannot be made, that provision of the Plan and/or the Award shall be void and of no effect.

 

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Exhibit 21.1

List of Subsidiaries

The follow are the Registrant and its subsidiaries:

Registrant (British Virgin Islands):

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited

Subsidiary (Hong Kong):

De-haier Medical Systems (Hong Kong) Limited

Subsidiaries (PRC)

Beijing Dehaier Medical Technology Company Limited (Registrant owns approximately 96.37%; PRC Affiliate owns approximately 3.63%)

Affiliate (PRC)

Beijing Dehaier Technology Company Limited (controlled by certain executive officers; owns approximately 3.63% of PRC subsidiary)

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CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in this Registration Statement on to Form S-1 of our report dated November 11, 2009 relating to the consolidate financial statements of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and Affiliate and to the reference to our Firm under the caption “Experts” in the Prospectus.

/s/Friedman LLP

New York, New York

November 11, 2009

 

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Exhibit 99.1

DEHAIER MEDICAL SYSTEMS LIMITED

CODE OF BUSINESS CONDUCT AND ETHICS

This Code of Business Conduct and Ethics covers a wide range of business practices and procedures. It does not cover every issue that may arise, but it sets out basic principles to guide the employees of Dehaier Medical Systems Limited and its subsidiaries (the “Company”). All of our employees must conduct themselves in accordance with these principles and seek to avoid even the appearance of improper behavior. The Company’s agents and representatives, including consultants and directors, to the extent practicable, shall also follow this Code.

This Code is in addition to and supplements the other policies and procedures which have been implemented by the Company. If a law conflicts with a policy in this Code, you must comply with the law; however, if a local custom or policy conflicts with this Code, you must comply with the Code. If you have any questions about a conflict, you should ask your supervisor how to handle the situation.

All claims of violations of this Code will be investigated by appropriate personnel. Those who violate the standards in this Code will be subject to disciplinary action. If you are in a situation that you believe may violate or lead to a violation of this Code, follow the guidelines described in Section 14 of this Code.

 

1. Compliance with Laws, Rules and Regulations

Obeying the law, both in letter and in spirit, is the foundation on which this Company’s ethical standards are built. All employees must respect and obey the laws of all jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Any employee who is unsure about any aspect of these laws should seek advice from supervisors, managers or other appropriate personnel.

 

2. Record-Keeping

Accuracy and reliability in the preparation of all business records is critically important to the Company’s decision-making process and to the proper discharge of its financial, legal, and reporting obligations. All of the Company’s books, records, accounts and financial statements shall be maintained in reasonable detail, shall appropriately reflect the Company’s transactions and shall conform both to applicable legal requirements and to the Company’s system of internal controls. Unrecorded or “off the books” funds or assets shall not be maintained unless permitted by applicable law or regulation.

Many employees regularly incur business expenses, which must be documented and recorded accurately. If you are not sure whether a certain expense is appropriate, consult the policy or ask your supervisor.

Business records and communications often become public, and we should avoid exaggeration, derogatory remarks, guesswork, or inappropriate characterizations of people and companies that can be misunderstood. This applies equally to e-mail, internal memos and formal reports. Records shall always be retained or destroyed according to the Company’s record retention policies.


3. Conflicts of Interest and Related Party Transactions

A “conflict of interest” exists when a person’s private interest interferes in any way with the interests of the Company. A conflict situation can arise when an employee, officer or director takes actions or has interests that may make it difficult to perform his or her Company work objectively and effectively. Conflicts of interest may also arise when an employee, officer or director, or members of his or her family, receives improper personal benefits as a result of his or her position in the Company. Loans to, or guarantees of obligations of, employees and their family members may create conflicts of interest. Loans to, or guarantees of obligations of, directors, executive officers and their family members are prohibited.

A conflict of interest almost always exists when a Company employee works concurrently for a competitor, customer or supplier. You are not allowed to work for a competitor as a consultant or board member. The best policy is to avoid any direct or indirect business connection with the Company’s competitors, customers or suppliers, except on the Company’s behalf.

A conflict of interest may occur when an employee of the Company has an ownership or financial interest in another business organization that is doing business with the Company. These transactions between the Company and the other organization are characterized as related party transactions. While not all related party transactions are improper, the Company must be aware of the details of each such transaction so that it can make a judgment as to the appropriateness of the transaction. If you or a family member have any ownership or financial interest in another organization that conducts business or seeks to conduct business with the Company, you must report the situation to the Chief Executive Officer (“CEO”) and cooperate with the legal staff by providing all relevant facts. The CEO will determine whether or not the related party transaction is a conflict of interest.

Conflicts of interest are prohibited as a matter of Company policy, except under guidelines approved by the Board of Directors. Conflicts of interest may not always be clear, so if you have a question, you should consult with higher levels of management or the Company’s CEO. Any employee, officer or director who becomes aware of a conflict or potential conflict shall bring it to the attention of a supervisor, manager or other appropriate personnel or consult the procedures described in Section 14 of this Code.

 

4. Confidentiality

Employees must maintain the confidentiality of confidential information entrusted to them by the Company or its customers, except when disclosure is authorized by the CEO or legally mandated. Even within the Company, you should disclose confidential information only to those employees who need to know the information. Confidential information includes all

 

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non-public information that might be of use to competitors, or harmful to the Company or its customers, if disclosed. It also includes information that suppliers and customers have entrusted to us. The obligation to preserve confidential information continues even after employment ends.

 

5. Insider Trading

Employees who have access to confidential information are not permitted to use or share that information for stock trading purposes or for any other purpose except the conduct of the Company’s business. All non-public information about the Company shall be considered confidential information. To use non-public information for personal financial benefit or to “tip” others who might make an investment decision on the basis of this information is not only unethical but also illegal. If you have any questions, you should consult the Company’s CEO.

 

6. Corporate Opportunities

Employees, officers and directors are prohibited from taking for themselves personally opportunities that are discovered through the use of corporate property, information or position without the consent of the Board of Directors. No employee shall use corporate property, information, or position for improper personal gain, and no employee shall compete with the Company directly or indirectly. Employees, officers and directors owe a duty to the Company to advance its legitimate interests when the opportunity to do so arises.

 

7. Competition and Fair Dealing

The Company seeks to outperform its competition fairly and honestly. The Company seeks competitive advantages through superior performance, never through unethical or illegal business practices. Stealing proprietary information, possessing trade secret information that was obtained without the owner’s consent, or inducing such disclosures by past or present employees of other companies is prohibited. Each employee shall endeavor to respect the rights of and deal fairly with the Company’s customers, suppliers, competitors and employees. No employee shall take unfair advantage of anyone through manipulation, concealment, abuse of privileged information, misrepresentation of material facts, or any other intentional unfair-dealing practice.

The purpose of business entertainment and gifts in a commercial setting is to create good will and sound working relationships, not to gain unfair advantage with customers. No gift or entertainment shall ever be offered, given, provided or accepted by any Company employee, family member of an employee or agent unless it:

 

   

is not a cash gift,

 

   

is consistent with customary business practices,

 

   

is not excessive in value,

 

   

cannot be construed as a bribe or payoff, and

 

   

does not violate any laws or regulations.

 

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8. Discrimination and Harassment

The diversity of the Company’s employees is a tremendous asset. The Company is firmly committed to providing equal opportunity in all aspects of employment and shall not tolerate any illegal discrimination or harassment or any kind. Examples include derogatory comments based on racial, gender, religious, or ethnic characteristics and unwelcome sexual advances.

 

9. Health and Safety

The Company strives to provide each employee with a safe and healthful work environment. Each employee has the responsibility for maintaining a safe and healthful workplace for all employees by following safety and health rules and practices and reporting accidents, injuries and unsafe equipment, practices or conditions.

Violence and threatening behavior are not permitted. Employees must report to work in condition to perform their duties, free from the influence of alcohol or illegal drugs. The use of alcohol or illegal drugs in the workplace is not tolerated.

 

10. Protection and Proper Use of Company Assets

All employees shall endeavor to protect the Company’s assets and ensure their efficient use. Theft, carelessness and waste have a direct impact on the Company’s profitability. All Company assets should be used for legitimate business purposes. Any suspected incident of theft, carelessness, or waste of or with Company assets shall be immediately reported for investigation. Company equipment shall not be used for non-Company business, although incidental personal use may be permitted by your supervisor.

The obligation of employees to protect the Company’s assets includes its proprietary information. Proprietary information includes intellectual property such as trade secrets, patents, trademarks, and copyrights, as well as business, marketing and service plans, databases, records, salary information and any unpublished financial data and reports. Unauthorized use or distribution of this information would violate Company policy. It could also be illegal and result in civil and/or criminal penalties.

 

11. Accounting and Related Matters

All employees participate, in some measure, in the gathering of information made available to the Company’s accounting department for use in the Company’s financial reports and other information required to be publicly disclosed by the Securities and Exchange Commission and the NASDAQ Stock Market LLC. Each employee should endeavor to ensure that such information is accurate and complete in all material respects through full compliance with the Company’s accounting requirements, internal disclosure and accounting controls and audits.

 

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12. Waivers of the Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

Any waiver of this Code for executive officers or directors may be made only by the Nominating Committee of the Board and shall be promptly disclosed as required by law or stock exchange regulation.

 

13. Administration of Code

This Code shall be administered by the Company’s CEO, who shall act as the Corporate Compliance Officer of the Company, Company employees are encouraged to seek guidance regarding the application or interpretation of this Code from the CEO and are expected to cooperate fully in any investigation of any potential violation of this Code.

 

15. Reporting Violations; Compliance Procedures

All employees shall work to ensure prompt and consistent action against violations of this Code. However, in some situations it is difficult to know right from wrong. Since no one can anticipate every situation that will arise, it is important to have a way to approach a new question or problem. These are the steps to keep in mind:

 

   

Make sure you have all the facts . In order to reach the right solutions, you must be as fully informed as possible.

 

   

Ask yourself: What specifically am I being asked to do? Does it seem unethical or improper ? This will enable you to focus on the specific question you are faced with and the alternatives you have. Use your judgment and common sense; if something seems unethical or improper, it probably is.

 

   

Clarify your responsibility and role . In most situations there is shared responsibility. Are your colleagues informed? It may help to get others involved and discuss the problem.

 

   

Discuss the problem with your supervisor . You are encouraged to talk to your supervisor about any issues concerning illegal, unethical or improper behavior and when in doubt about the best course of action in a particular situation. This is the basic guidance for all situations. In many cases your supervisor will be more knowledgeable about the question, and will appreciate being brought into the decision-making process. Remember it is your supervisor’s responsibility to help solve problems.

 

   

Report serious violations to the Company’s CEO . You should report serious violations that have not been properly addressed by your supervisor or other resources of the Company to the CEO. However, if it is not appropriate to discuss an issue with the CEO, or if you believe that the CEO has not properly addressed the violations, you may contact any independent director of the Board of

 

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Directors. In the rare case that you become aware of a material legal violation or a breach of fiduciary duty by an employee of the Company, address your concerns to: Nominating Committee Chairman, Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, 1223 Epoch Center, No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, People’s Republic of China.

 

   

Reporting of accounting issues . If you are aware of an issue concerning accounting, auditing or the Company’s internal accounting controls, address your concerns with the Company’s internal audit function or to the CEO. In the event that you believe that the Company has not properly responded to the issue, you may address your concerns to: Audit Committee Chairman, Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, 1223 Epoch Center, No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100089, People’s Republic of China.

 

   

You may report any possible violation in confidence and without fear of retaliation . If your situation requires that your identity be kept secret, your anonymity will be protected and you will be guaranteed confidentiality in the handling of your claim. It is the policy of the Company not to allow retaliation for reports of misconduct by others made in good faith by employees. Employees are expected to cooperate in internal investigations of misconduct.

 

   

Always ask first, act later : If you are unsure of, what to do in any situation, seek guidance before you act .

 

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Exhibit 99.2

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November 6, 2009

Dehaier Medical Systems Limited.

1223 Epoch Center

No. 31 Zi Zhu Yuan Road

Haidian District, Beijing 100089

People’s Republic of China

Dear Sirs,

We are qualified lawyers of the People’s Republic of China (the “PRC”) and are qualified to issue opinions on the laws and regulations of the PRC.

We have acted as PRC counsel for Dehaier Medical Systems Limited, a company incorporated under the laws of the British Virgin Islands (the “ Company ”), in connection with (i) the Company’s registration statement on Form S-1, including all amendments or supplements thereto (the “Registration Statement”), filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “ SEC ”), under the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “ Securities Act ”), relating to the offering by the Company of common shares (“ Shares ”), and (ii) the Company’s proposed listing of the Shares on the NASDAQ Capital Market.

In rendering this opinion, we have examined the originals, or copies certified or otherwise identified to our satisfaction, of documents provided to us by the Company and such other documents, corporate records, certificates issued by governmental authorities in the PRC and officers of the Company and other instruments as we have deemed necessary or advisable for the purposes of rendering this opinion.

In rendering this opinion, we have assumed the genuineness of all signatures, the authenticity of all documents submitted to us as originals, the conformity with authentic original documents submitted to us as copies and the completeness of the documents provided to us. We have also assumed that no amendments, revisions, modifications or other changes have been made with respect to any of the documents after they were submitted to us for purposes of this opinion. We have further assumed the accuracy and completeness of all factual statements in the documents.

As used herein, (a)  “PRC Laws” means all laws, regulations, statutes, orders, decrees, guidelines, notices, judicial interpretations, subordinary legislations of the PRC which are publicly available (other than the laws of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Region); (b)  Governmental Agencies” means any court, governmental agency or body or any stock exchange authorities of the PRC (other than the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Region); (c) “ Governmental Approvals” means all approvals, consents, waivers, sanctions, authorizations,

 

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declarations, filings, registrations, exemptions, permissions, endorsements, annual inspections, qualifications, licenses, certificates and permits required by Governmental Agencies; (d)  “Prospectus” means the prospectus, including all amendments or supplements thereto, that forms part of the Registration Statement.

On August 8, 2006, six PRC regulatory agencies, namely, the PRC Ministry of Commerce (“MOFCOM” ), the State Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, the State Administration for Taxation, the State Administration for Industry and Commerce, the China Securities Regulatory Commission (“ CSRC ”), and the State Administration of Foreign Exchange (“ SAFE ”), jointly adopted the Regulations on Mergers and Acquisitions of Domestic Enterprises by Foreign Investors (the “New M&A Rule”) , which became effective on September 8, 2006, and as amended on June 22, 2009. The New M&A Rule purports, among other things, to require offshore special purpose vehicles, or SPVs, formed for overseas listing purposes through acquisitions of PRC domestic companies and controlled by PRC companies or individuals, to obtain the approval of the CSRC prior to publicly listing their securities on an overseas stock exchange. On September 21, 2006, the CSRC published on its official website procedures specifying documents and materials required to be submitted to it by SPVs seeking CSRC approval of their overseas listings.

Based on our understanding of current Chinese laws, regulations and rules, including the New M &A Rule and the CSRC procedures announced on September 21, 2006:

 

   

The Company completed its restructuring before September 8, 2006, the effective date of the New M&A Rule , therefore it was not necessary for the Company to apply to the CSRC for approval; and

 

   

In spite of the lack of clarity on this issue, the CSRC currently has not issued any definitive rule or interpretation regarding whether offerings like the one contemplated by this Prospectus are subject to the New M&A Rule.

This opinion relates to the PRC Laws in effect on the date hereof.

We hereby consent to the use of this opinion in, and the filing hereof as an exhibit to, the above-mentioned Registration Statement. In giving such consent, we do not thereby admit that we fall within the category of the person whose consent is required under Section 7 of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the regulations promulgated thereunder.

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