As filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on October 7, 2010
Registration No. 333-150141
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
Amendment No. 5
to
FORM S-1
REGISTRATION STATEMENT
UNDER
THE SECURITIES ACT OF 1933
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
Delaware | 6282 | 20-8880053 | ||
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |
(Primary Standard Industrial Classification Code Number) |
(I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
Apollo Global Management, LLC
9 West 57 th Street, 43 rd Floor
New York, New York 10019
(212) 515-3200
(Address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of registrants principal executive offices)
John J. Suydam, Esq.
Chief Legal Officer
and Chief Compliance Officer
Apollo Global Management, LLC
9 West 57 th Street, 43 rd Floor
New York, New York 10019
(212) 515-3200
(Name, address, including zip code, and telephone number, including area code, of agent for service)
Copies of Communications to:
Monica K. Thurmond, Esq.
OMelveny & Myers LLP
7 Times Square
New York, New York 10036
(212) 326-2000
Approximate date of commencement of proposed sale to public: As soon as practicable after the effective date of this Registration Statement.
If any securities being registered on this Form are to be offered on a delayed or continuous basis pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, check the following box. x
If this Form is filed to register additional securities for an offering pursuant to Rule 462(b) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(c) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If this Form is a post-effective amendment filed pursuant to Rule 462(d) under the Securities Act, check the following box and list the Securities Act registration statement number of the earlier effective registration statement for the same offering. ¨
If delivery of the prospectus is expected to be made pursuant to Rule 434, check the following box. ¨
CALCULATION OF REGISTRATION FEE
Title of Each Class of Securities to be Registered |
Proposed
Maximum
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Amount of
Registration Fee |
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Class A shares sold in the Rule 144A Offering |
$522,543,560 | $20,536 (2) | ||
New Class A shares to be sold by Apollo Global Management, LLC and the selling shareholders |
$50,000,000 | $3,565 (2) | ||
(1) | Estimated solely for the purpose of calculating the registration fee pursuant to Rule 457(a) under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended. |
(2) | Previously paid in connection with prior filings of this Registration Statement. |
The Registrant hereby amends this registration statement on such date or dates as may be necessary to delay its effective date until the registrant shall file a further amendment which specifically states that this registration statement shall thereafter become effective in accordance with Section 8(a) of the Securities Act of 1933 or until the registration statement shall become effective on such date as the Commission, acting pursuant to said Section 8(a), may determine.
The information in this prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This prospectus is not an offer to sell these securities and it is not soliciting an offer to buy these securities in any state where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion, dated October 7, 2010
PROSPECTUS
Apollo Global Management, LLC
35,624,540 Class A Shares
Representing Class A Limited Liability Company Interests
This prospectus relates solely to the resale of up to an aggregate of 35,624,540 Class A shares, representing Class A limited liability company interests of Apollo Global Management, LLC, by the selling shareholders identified in this prospectus (which term as used in this prospectus includes pledgees, donees, transferees or other successors-in-interest). The selling shareholders acquired the Class A shares in the exempt offerings, both of which closed on August 8, 2007 and which we refer to as the Private Offering Transactions. We are registering the offer and sale of the Class A shares to satisfy registration rights we have granted to the selling shareholders. We intend to apply to list our Class A shares on the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE, under the symbol . The listing is subject to approval of our application. Until our Class A shares are regularly traded on the NYSE, we expect that the selling shareholders initially will sell their shares at prices between $ and $ per share, if any shares are sold.
The selling shareholders may offer the shares from time to time as they may determine through public or private transactions or through other means described in the section entitled Plan of Distribution at prevailing market prices, at prices different than prevailing market prices or at privately negotiated prices.
We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of these Class A shares by the selling shareholders. We have agreed to pay all expenses relating to registering the securities. The selling shareholders will pay any brokerage commissions and/or similar charges incurred for the sale of these Class A shares.
Investing in our Class A shares involves risks. You should read the section entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 37 for a discussion of certain risk factors that you should consider before investing in our Class A shares. These risks include:
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Apollo Global Management, LLC is managed by our manager, which is controlled and owned by our managing partners. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders. |
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Our Class A shareholders will have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our businesses and will have no right to elect our manager. |
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Our organizational documents do not limit our ability to enter into new lines of businesses, and we may expand into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses without shareholder consent, each of which may result in additional risks and uncertainties in our businesses. |
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As discussed in Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations, Apollo Global Management, LLC will be treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and you may therefore be subject to taxation on your allocable share of items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of Apollo Global Management, LLC. You may not receive cash distributions equal to your allocable share of our net taxable income or even in an amount sufficient to pay the tax liability that results from that income. |
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Members of the United States Congress have introduced legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and to apply to us, we would incur a material increase in our tax liability, which could result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares. |
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Prospectus dated , 2010.
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The Private Offering Transactions and the Strategic Investors Transaction |
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Distribution to Our Managing Partners Prior to the Private Offering Transactions |
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Lack of Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation |
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Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table |
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Statement of Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons |
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Annex AAmended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Apollo Global Management, LLC |
A-1 |
THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN RECOMMENDED BY ANY UNITED STATES FEDERAL OR STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION OR REGULATORY AUTHORITY. FURTHERMORE, THE FOREGOING AUTHORITIES HAVE NOT CONFIRMED THE ACCURACY OR DETERMINED THE ADEQUACY OF THIS DOCUMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
In considering the performance information relating to our funds contained herein, prospective Class A shareholders should bear in mind that the performance of our funds is not indicative of the possible performance of our Class A shares and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of our funds, even if fund investments were in fact liquidated on the dates indicated, and there can be no assurance that our funds will continue to achieve, or that future funds will achieve, comparable results.
In addition, an investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007.
This prospectus is solely an offer with respect to Class A shares, and is not an offer directly or indirectly of any securities of any of our funds.
The distribution of this prospectus and the offering and sale of the Class A shares in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. We require persons into whose possession this prospectus comes to inform themselves about and to observe any such restrictions. This prospectus does not constitute an offer of, or an invitation to purchase, any of the Class A shares in any jurisdiction in which such offer or invitation would be unlawful.
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This prospectus contains valuation data relating to the Apollo funds and related data that have been derived from such funds. When considering the valuation and related data presented in this prospectus, you should bear in mind that the historical results of the private equity and capital markets funds that Apollo has managed or sponsored in the past are not indicative of the future results that you should expect from the Apollo funds or from us.
T ERMS USED IN THIS PROSPECTUS
When used in this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires:
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AAA refers to AP Alternative Assets, L.P., a Guernsey limited partnership that generally invests alongside certain of our private equity funds and directly in certain of our capital markets funds and in other transactions that we sponsor and manage; the common units of AAA are listed on Euronext Amsterdam N.V.s Euronext Amsterdam by NYSE Euronext, which we refer to as Euronext Amsterdam; |
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AAA Investments refers to AAA Investments, L.P., a Guernsey limited partnership through which AAAs investments are made; |
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AAOF refers to Apollo Asia Opportunity Master Fund, L.P., our Asian credit-oriented hedge fund, together with its feeder funds; |
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ACLF refers to Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P.; |
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AIC refers to Apollo Investment Corporation, our publicly traded business development company; |
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AIE I and AIE II mean AP Investment Europe Limited and Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P., respectively; |
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AMH refers to Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership owned by APO Corp. and Holdings; |
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APO Corp. refers to APO Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC; |
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Apollo, we, us, our and the company refer collectively to Apollo Global Management, LLC and its subsidiaries, including the Apollo Operating Group and all of its subsidiaries; |
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Apollo funds and our funds refer to the funds, alternative asset companies and other entities that are managed by the Apollo Operating Group; |
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Apollo Operating Group refers to (i) the limited partnerships through which our managing partners currently operate our businesses and (ii) one or more limited partnerships formed for the purpose of, among other activities, holding certain of our gains or losses on our principal investments in the funds, which we refer to as our principal investments; |
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Apollo Real Estate refers to the entities that manage the Apollo Real Estate Investment Funds, a series of private real estate oriented funds initially established in 1993; our managing partners maintain a minority interest in Apollo Real Estate, but neither they nor we exert any managerial control; |
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Ares refers to Ares Corporate Opportunity Fund, which Apollo established in 1997 to invest predominantly in capital markets-based securities, including senior bank loans and high-yield and mezzanine debt, and other related funds; our managing partners maintain a minority interest in Ares, but neither they nor we exert any managerial control; |
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Artus refers to Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-1, L.P.; |
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Assets Under Management, or AUM, refers to the assets we manage or with respect to which we have control, including capital we have the right to call from our investors pursuant to their capital commitments to various funds. Our AUM equals the sum of: |
(i) |
the fair value of our private equity investments plus the capital that we are entitled to call from our investors pursuant to the terms of their capital commitments plus non-recallable capital to the |
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extent a fund is within the commitment period in which management fees are calculated based on total commitments to the fund; |
(ii) | the net asset value, or NAV, of our capital markets funds, other than collateralized senior credit opportunity funds (such as Artus, which we measure by using the mark-to-market value of the aggregate principal amount of the underlying collateralized loan obligations), plus used or available leverage and/or capital commitments; |
(iii) | the gross asset values of our real estate entities and the structured portfolio vehicle investments included within the funds we manage, which includes the leverage used by such structured portfolio vehicles; |
(iv) | the incremental value associated with the reinsurance investments of the funds we manage; and |
(v) | the fair value of any other assets that we manage plus unused credit facilities, including capital commitments for investments that may require pre-qualification before investment plus any other capital commitments available for investment that are not otherwise included in the clauses above. |
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the company refined its definition of AUM to reflect leveraged products that had not been identified in our previous AUM definition. All AUM amounts have been recalculated utilizing the above definition.
Fee-generating AUM consists of assets that we manage and on which we earn management fees or monitoring fees pursuant to management agreements on a basis that varies among the Apollo funds. Management fees are normally based on net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, stockholders equity, invested capital or capital contributions, each as defined in the applicable management agreement. Monitoring fees for AUM purposes are based on the total value of certain structured portfolio vehicle investments, which normally include leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered in fee-generating AUM.
Non-fee generating AUM consists of assets that do not produce management fees or monitoring fees. These assets generally consist of the following: (a) fair value above invested capital for those funds that earn management fees based on invested capital, (b) net asset values related to general partner and co-investment ownership, (c) unused credit facilities, (d) available commitments on those funds that generate management fees on invested capital and (e) structured portfolio vehicle investments that do not generate monitoring fees. We use non-fee generating AUM combined with fee-generating AUM as a performance measurement of our investment activities, as well as to monitor fund size in relation to professional resource and infrastructure needs. Non-fee generating AUM includes assets on which we could earn carried interest income.
Our AUM measure includes assets under management for which we charge either no or nominal fees. Our definition of AUM is not based on any definition of assets under management contained in our operating agreement or in any of our Apollo fund management agreements.
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carried interest, incentive income and carried interest income refer to interests granted to Apollo by an Apollo fund that entitle Apollo to receive allocations, distributions or fees calculated by reference to the performance of such fund or its underlying investments; |
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COF I and COF II mean Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. and Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P., respectively; |
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co-founded means the individuals who joined Apollo in 1990, the year in which the company commenced business operations; |
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contributing partners refers to those of our partners (and their related parties) who indirectly own (through Holdings) Apollo Operating Group units; |
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credit opportunity funds refers to our COF I, COF II, ACLF and Artus capital markets funds; |
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distressed funds refers to our SVF, VIF and SOMA capital markets funds; |
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EPF refers to Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P., our European non-performing loan fund, together with its feeder funds; |
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feeder funds refer to funds that operate by placing substantially all of their assets in, and conducting substantially all of their investment and trading activities through, a master fund, which is designed to facilitate collective investment by the participating feeder funds. With respect to certain of our funds that are organized in a master-feeder structure, the feeder funds are permitted to make investments outside the master fund when deemed appropriate by the funds investment manager; |
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Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI, and Fund VII mean Apollo Investment Fund, L.P., AIF II, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund III, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. and Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P., respectively, together with their parallel funds, as applicable; |
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distressed and hedge funds refers to certain of our capital markets funds, including SVF, VIF, SOMA, AAOF and certain of our strategic investment accounts; |
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gross IRR of a fund represents the cumulative investment-related cash flows for all of the investors in the fund on the basis of the actual timing of investment inflows and outflows (for unrealized investment assuming disposition on June 30, 2010 or other date specified) aggregated on a gross basis quarterly, and the return is annualized and compounded before management fees, carried interest and certain other fund expenses (including interest incurred by the fund itself) and measures the returns on the funds investments as a whole without regard to whether all of the returns would, if distributed, be payable to the funds investors; |
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Holdings means AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership through which our managing partners and our contributing partners hold their Apollo Operating Group units; |
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IRS refers to the Internal Revenue Service; |
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managing partners refers to Messrs. Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan collectively and, when used in reference to holdings of interests in Apollo or Holdings, includes certain related parties of such individuals; |
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MIA represents a mirrored investment account established to mirror Funds I and II for investments in debt securities; |
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multiple of invested capital means (i) with respect to a given investment as of any date, the actual amount realized with respect to such investment plus the estimated fair market value of the remaining interest in such investment as of such date divided by the total capital invested in such investment through such date, and (ii) with respect to a fund as of any date, the aggregate actual amount realized in respect of such funds investments plus the estimated fair market value of the funds remaining interests in such investments as of such date divided by the lesser of the total capital invested in such investments and the total committed capital of such fund; |
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net IRR of a fund means the gross IRR applicable to all investors, including related parties which may not pay fees, net of management fees, organizational expenses, transaction costs, and certain other fund expenses (including interest incurred by the fund itself) and realized carried interest all offset to the extent of interest income, and measures returns based on amounts that, if distributed, would be paid to investors of the fund; to the extent that an Apollo private equity fund exceeds all requirements detailed within the applicable fund agreement, the estimated unrealized value is adjusted such that a percentage of up to 20.0% of the unrealized gain is allocated to the general partner, thereby reducing the balance attributable to fund investors; |
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net return for Value Funds, SOMA and AAOF represents the calculated return that is based on month-to-month changes in net assets and is calculated using the returns that have been geometrically linked based on capital contributions, distributions and dividend reinvestments, as applicable; |
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net return since inception, unless noted otherwise, represents the calculated return that is based on a funds net cumulative change in net assets as a percentage of aggregate capital contributions from the inception of such fund through June 30, 2010. The calculated returns are geometrically linked based on capital contributions, distributions and dividend reinvestments, as applicable; |
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our manager means AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is controlled by our managing partners; |
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Palmetto refers to Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P.; |
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permanent capital means capital of funds that do not have redemption provisions or a requirement to return capital to investors upon exiting the investments made with such capital, except as required by applicable law, which currently consist of AAA, Apollo Investment Corporation and Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.; such funds may be required, or elect, to return all or a portion of capital gains and investment income; |
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private equity investments refers to (i) direct or indirect investments in existing and future private equity funds managed or sponsored by Apollo, (ii) direct or indirect co-investments with existing and future private equity funds managed or sponsored by Apollo, (iii) direct or indirect investments in securities which are not immediately capable of resale in a public market that Apollo identifies but does not pursue through its private equity funds, and (iv) investments of the type described in (i) through (iii) above made by Apollo funds; |
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SIAs refers to strategic investment accounts including Palmetto, COF I, SOMA, the AGRE CMBS Fund L.P. and two other strategic investment accounts that invest alongside SVF; |
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SOMA refers to Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P.; |
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SVF refers to Apollo Strategic Value Master Fund, L.P., together with its feeder funds; |
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total annualized return means the total compound annual rate of return for a security or index based on the change in market price, assuming the reinvestment of all dividends; |
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Value Funds refers to the SVF and VIF funds combined; and |
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VIF refers to Apollo Value Investment Master Fund, L.P., together with its feeder funds. |
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This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary sets forth the material terms of this offering, but does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our Class A shares. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the section entitled Risk Factors, our financial statements and the related notes and managements discussion and analysis thereof included elsewhere in this prospectus, before making an investment decision to purchase our Class A shares.
Founded in 1990, Apollo is a leading global alternative asset manager. We are contrarian, value-oriented investors in private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate, with significant distressed expertise. We have a flexible mandate in the majority of the funds we manage that enables the funds to invest opportunistically across a companys capital structure. We raise, invest and manage funds on behalf of some of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds, as well as other institutional and individual investors. As of June 30, 2010, we had Assets Under Management, or AUM, of $54.5 billion in our private equity, capital markets and real estate businesses. Our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, held a final closing in December 2008, raising a total of $14.7 billion. We have consistently produced attractive long-term investment returns in our private equity funds, generating a 39% gross IRR and a 26% net IRR on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010. A number of our capital markets funds have also performed well since their inception through June 30, 2010.
Apollo is led by our managing partners, Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, who have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 418 employees, including 140 investment professionals, as of June 30, 2010. This team possesses a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. We have offices in New York, Los Angeles, London, Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. We operate our private equity, capital markets and real estate businesses in an integrated manner, which we believe distinguishes us from other alternative asset managers. Our investment professionals frequently share information across disciplines. We believe that this collaboration, including market insight, management, banking and consultant contacts, as well as investment opportunities, enables us to more successfully invest across a companys capital structure. This platform and the depth and experience of our investment team have enabled us to deliver strong long-term investment performance in our funds throughout a range of economic cycles. For example, Apollos most successful private equity funds (in terms of net IRR), Funds I, II, MIA and Fund V, were initiated during economic downturns. Funds I, II and MIA, which generated a combined gross IRR of 47% and a combined net IRR of 37% on a compound annual basis since inception through the date of the disposition of their final investment on September 30, 2004, were initiated during the economic downturn of 1990 through 1993 and Fund V, which generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis since inception through June 30, 2010, was initiated during the economic downturn of 2001 through late 2003. We began investing our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, in January 2008 in the midst of the current economic downturn. Similarly, with respect to our capital markets business, our flagship Value Funds, which were launched in 2003 and 2006, have also delivered attractive returns since inception across economic cycles.
Our objective is to achieve superior long-term risk-adjusted returns for our fund investors. The majority of our investment funds are designed to invest capital over periods of seven or more years from inception, thereby allowing us to generate attractive long-term returns throughout economic cycles. Our investment approach is value-oriented, focusing on nine core industries in which we have considerable knowledge, and emphasizing downside protection and the preservation of capital. We are frequently contrarian in our investment approach, which is reflected in a number of ways, including:
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our willingness to invest in industries that our competitors typically avoid; |
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the often complex structures we employ in some of our investments, including our willingness to pursue difficult corporate carve-out transactions; |
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our experience investing during periods of uncertainty or distress in the economy or financial markets when many of our competitors simply reduce their investment activity; |
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our orientation towards sole sponsored transactions when other firms have opted to partner with others; and |
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our willingness to undertake transactions that have substantial business, regulatory or legal complexity. |
We have applied this investment philosophy over our 20-year history, allowing us to identify what we believe to be attractive investment opportunities, deploy capital across the balance sheet of industry leading, or franchise, businesses, and create value throughout economic cycles.
During the most recent global economic crisis, which we believe began in the third quarter of 2007, we have been relying on our deep industry, credit and financial structuring experience, coupled with our strengths as value-oriented, distressed investors, to deploy a significant amount of new capital. As examples of this, from the beginning of the second quarter of 2008 and through June 30, 2010, we have invested approximately $16.4 billion of capital across our private equity and capital markets funds focused on control distressed and buyout investments, leveraged loan portfolios and mezzanine, non-control distressed and non-performing loans. In addition, from the beginning of the third quarter of 2007 through June 30, 2010, the funds managed by Apollo have acquired approximately $12.7 billion in face value of distressed debt at discounts to par value and purchased approximately $27.7 billion in face value of leveraged senior loans at discounts to par value from financial institutions. Since we purchased these leveraged loan portfolios from highly motivated sellers, we were able to secure attractive long-term, low cost financing and select credits of companies well known to Apollo. The benchmark S&P/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index, which includes a group of securities we believe is similar to those owned by our funds, had a net return of approximately 3% during the six months ended June 30, 2010, and the performance of our leveraged loan investments has exceeded this benchmark during this period.
As in prior market downturns and periods of significant volatility, we have been purchasing distressed securities and continue to opportunistically build positions in high quality companies with stressed balance sheets in industries where we have expertise such as cable, chemicals, packaging and transportation. Our approach towards investing in distressed situations often requires us to purchase particular debt securities as prices are declining, since this allows us both to reduce our average cost and accumulate sizable positions which may enhance our ability to influence any restructuring plans and maximize the value of our distressed investments. As a result, our investment approach may produce negative short-term unrealized returns in certain of the funds we manage. However, we concentrate on generating attractive, long-term, risk-adjusted realized returns for our fund investors, and we therefore do not overly depend on short-term results and quarterly fluctuations in the unrealized fair value of the holdings in our funds.
In addition to deploying capital in new investments, we have been depending on our 20 years of experience to enhance value in the current investment portfolio of the funds we manage. We have been relying on our restructuring and capital markets experience to work proactively with our funds portfolio company management teams to generate cost and working capital savings, reduce capital expenditures, and optimize capital structures through several means such as debt exchange offers and the purchase of portfolio company debt at discounts to par value. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion in face value of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt in portfolio companies such as CEVA Logistics, Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy and Momentive Performance Materials. In certain situations, such as CEVA Logistics, funds managed by Apollo are the largest owner of the total outstanding debt of the portfolio company. In addition to the attractive return profile
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associated with these portfolio company debt purchases, we believe that building positions as senior creditors within the existing portfolio companies is strategic to the existing equity ownership positions. Additionally, the portfolio companies of Fund VI have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis from the date we acquired them through June 30, 2010, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability.
Since the beginning of 2007, we have experienced significant globalization and expansion of our investment management activities. We have grown our global network by opening offices in Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. Since the beginning of 2007, we have launched a new private equity fund, a new strategic investment account investing in commercial mortgage backed securities and a commercial real estate finance company, as well as several new capital markets funds and leveraged investment vehicles. These vehicles had a combined AUM of $34.0 billion as of June 30, 2010. In addition, in order to more fully leverage our long history of investing in the real estate sector, we continue to hire senior members of the real estate team. Similar to the growth and evolution of our real estate business, we expect to continue to grow our company by applying our value-oriented approach across related investment categories which we believe have synergies with our core business and provide attractive opportunities for us to continue to expand our equity base.
We had total AUM of $54.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, consisting of $33.5 billion in our private equity business, $18.9 billion in our capital markets business and $2.1 billion in our real estate business. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds. We have grown our total AUM at a 33.1% compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, from December 31, 2004 to June 30, 2010. In addition, we benefit from mandates with long-term capital commitments in both our private equity and capital markets businesses. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which is an important component in generating attractive returns for our investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, and 12% was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration, as highlighted in the chart below:
We expect our growth in AUM to continue over time by seeking to create value in our funds existing private equity, capital markets and real estate investments, continuing to deploy our available capital in what we believe are attractive investment opportunities, and raising new funds and investment vehicles as market opportunities present themselves. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds.
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We have three business segments: private equity, capital markets and real estate. We also manage (i) AAA, a publicly listed permanent capital vehicle, which invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored entities, funds, and other investments, and (ii) several strategic investment accounts established to facilitate investments by third-party investors directly in Apollo-sponsored funds and other transactions. The diagram below summarizes our current businesses:
(1) | All data is as of June 30, 2010. The chart does not reflect legal entities or assets managed by former affiliates. |
(2) | Includes three funds that are denominated in Euros and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010. |
As a global alternative asset manager, we earn ongoing management and transaction and advisory fees. We also earn income based on the performance of our funds, and investment income from our investments as general partner and other direct investments. Carried interest from our private equity and certain of our capital markets funds allocates to us a portion of the investment gains that are generated on third-party capital that we invest and typically equals 20% of the returns generated net of fund expenses. Our ability to generate carried interest is an important element of our business and has historically accounted for a significant portion of our income.
Our financial results are highly variable, since carried interest (which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds we manage), and the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We manage our business and monitor our performance with a focus on long-term performance, an approach that mirrors the investment horizons of the funds we manage and is driven by the investment returns of our funds.
Our private equity business had total and fee-generating AUM of $33.5 billion and $27.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, respectively. Our private equity business grew total and fee-generating AUM by a 25.1% and 40.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010. From our inception in 1990 through June 30, 2010, our private equity business invested approximately $33.0 billion of equity capital. As of June 30, 2010, our private equity funds had $10.8 billion of uncalled capital commitments, providing us with a significant source of capital for future investment activities. Since inception through March 31, 2010, the returns of our private equity funds have performed in the top quartile for all U.S. buyout funds, as measured by Thomson
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Financial. Our private equity funds have generated a gross IRR of 39% and a net IRR of 26% on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010, as compared with a total annualized return of 6% for the S&P 500 Index over the same period. In addition, since our inception, our private equity funds (excluding Fund VII, which began investing less than 36 months prior to the valuation date) have achieved a 2.4x average multiple of invested capital. See The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical private equity returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current or future funds or from us.
As a result of our long history of private equity investing across market cycles, we believe we have developed a unique set of skills which we rely on to make new investments and to maximize the value of our existing investments. As an example, through our experience with traditional private equity buyouts, we apply a highly disciplined approach towards structuring and executing transactions, the key tenets of which include acquiring companies at below industry average purchase price multiples, and establishing flexible capital structures with long-term debt maturities and few, if any, financial maintenance covenants.
We believe we have a demonstrated ability to quickly adapt to changing market environments and capitalize on market dislocations through our traditional and distressed buyout approach. In prior periods of strained financial liquidity and economic recession, our private equity funds have made attractive investments by buying the debt of quality businesses (which we refer to as classic distressed debt), converting that debt to equity, seeking to create value through active participation with management and ultimately monetizing the investment. This combination of traditional buyout investing with a distressed option has been deployed through prior economic cycles and has allowed our funds to achieve attractive long-term rates of return in different economic and market environments. In addition, during prior economic downturns we have relied on our restructuring experience and worked closely with our funds portfolio companies to maximize the value of our funds investments. For example, during the economic downturn during 2001-2003, we successfully restructured several of the portfolio companies in Fund IV that were experiencing financial difficulties, and as a result, Fund IV was able to produce a multiple of invested capital of nearly 1.8x as of June 30, 2010. During this same time period, we relied on our credit market expertise to deploy approximately 54% of the capital from Fund V, primarily in distressed for control situations, and this fund generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis as of June 30, 2010. See The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for a discussion of the reasons we do not believe our future IRRs will be similar to the IRRs for Fund V.
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The following charts summarize the breakdown of our funds private equity investments by type and industry from our inception through June 30, 2010.
Private Equity Investments by Type |
Private Equity Investments by Industry |
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* | Includes investments in special purpose entities that invest in debt-related securities of companies included in multiple industries. |
Since Apollos founding in 1990, we believe our capital markets expertise has served as an integral component of our companys growth and success. Our credit-oriented capital markets operations commenced in 1990 with the management of a $3.5 billion high-yield bond and leveraged loan portfolio. Since that time, our capital markets activities have grown significantly, and leverage Apollos integrated platform and utilize the same disciplined, value-oriented investment philosophy that we employ with respect to our private equity funds. Our capital markets operations are led by James Zelter, who has served as the managing partner of the capital markets business since April 2006. Our capital markets business had total and fee-generating AUM of $18.9 billion and $15.3 billion, respectively, as of June 30, 2010 and grew its total and fee-generating AUM by a 57.5% and 51.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010.
Our credit-oriented capital markets funds have been established to capitalize upon our investment experience and deep industry expertise. We seek to participate in capital markets businesses where we believe our industry expertise and experience can be used to generate attractive investment returns. As depicted in the chart below, our capital markets activities span a broad range of the credit spectrum, including non-performing loans, distressed debt, mezzanine debt, senior bank loans and value-oriented fixed income.
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The value-oriented fixed income segment of the capital markets spectrum is the most recent investment area for Apollo, and it is characterized by its ability to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns relative to traditional fixed income investments. An example of our value-oriented fixed income investments is Athene Asset Management LLC, or Athene Asset Management. We established Athene Asset Management, which is substantially owned by a subsidiary of Apollo, to provide asset management services to Athene Life Re Ltd., or Athene Life Re, and other third parties. Athene Life Re is an Apollo sponsored vehicle formed to focus on opportunities in the life reinsurance sector. Athene Life Re sources, analyzes and negotiates the acquisition of fixed annuity policies from primary insurance companies. As of June 30, 2010, Athene Asset Management had approximately $1.2 billion of AUM, $0.3 billion of which was included in our real estate segment.
As of June 30, 2010, our capital markets funds included seven distressed and hedge funds with total AUM of $2.7 billion, three mezzanine funds with total AUM of $4.2 billion, four credit opportunity funds with total AUM of $9.1 billion, and a European non-performing loan fund with total AUM of $1.6 billion. Our capital markets segment also includes strategic investment accounts and Athene Asset Management.
Distressed and Hedge Funds
We currently manage seven distressed and hedge funds with total AUM of $2.7 billion as of June 30, 2010 that primarily invest in North America, Europe and Asia. Our distressed and hedge funds utilize similar valued-oriented investment philosophies as our private equity business and are focused on capitalizing on our substantial industry and credit knowledge.
Our distressed funds employ similar investment strategies, seeking to identify and capitalize on absolute-value driven investment opportunities. Utilizing flexible investment strategies, these funds primarily focus on investments in distressed companies before, during and after a restructuring, as well as undervalued securities. Investments are executed primarily through the purchase or sale of senior secured bank debt, second lien debt, high yield debt, trade claims, credit derivatives, preferred stock and equity.
We have been expanding our international presence and have launched new initiatives to capitalize on capital markets-oriented investment opportunities in Europe and Asia. Our Asian credit-oriented hedge fund is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns throughout economic cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities in the Asian markets, excluding Japan, and targeting event-driven volatility across capital structures, as well as opportunities to develop proprietary platforms.
Mezzanine Funds
As of June 30, 2010, we managed U.S. and European-based mezzanine funds and related investment vehicles with total AUM of $4.2 billion as of June 30, 2010. AIC, a U.S.-based permanent capital vehicle, is a publicly traded, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act, and to be treated for tax purposes as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. AIC raised over $900 million of permanent investment capital through its initial public offering on the NASDAQ in April 2004. Since that time, AIC has successfully completed several secondary offerings and raised approximately $1.9 billion of incremental permanent investment capital. AICs primary focus is to generate both current income and capital appreciation primarily through investments in U.S. senior and subordinated loans, other debt securities and private equity. Our European mezzanine funds, which are unregistered private closed-end investment funds, were established to more fully capitalize upon mezzanine and subordinated debt opportunities with a primary focus in Western Europe.
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Senior Credit Funds
We manage senior credit funds, which currently comprise four credit opportunity funds, with total AUM of $9.1 billion as of June 30, 2010. We established our credit opportunity funds, which are primarily oriented towards the acquisition of leveraged loans and other performing senior debt, in late 2007 and 2008 with some of our largest investors in order to capitalize upon the supply-demand imbalances in the leveraged finance market. We have been actively investing these funds since they were formed and, together with our private equity funds, as of June 30, 2010, we have deployed approximately $24.5 billion, including leverage, in credit opportunity investments. We believe our credit opportunity funds benefit from the broad range of investment opportunities that arise as a result of our deep industry and credit expertise. As the opportunity set continues to evolve, we expect we will continue to offer the credit opportunity fund series to capitalize primarily upon senior credit opportunities in the market.
Non-Performing Loan Fund
In May 2007, we launched a European non-performing loan fund. Non-performing loans, or NPLs, are loans held by financial institutions that are in default of principal or interest payments for 90 days or more. We anticipate substantial growth in the European NPL market as financial institutions face increasing pressure to improve their balance sheets and make new loans. In December 2009, the fund closed with 1.3 billion ($1.6 billion using an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010) in total commitments. As of June 30, 2010, the fund has portfolio investments in the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal.
In addition to the funds described above, we manage other investment vehicles, including AAA and Palmetto, which have been established to invest either directly in or alongside certain of our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage.
AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA)
AAA issued approximately $1.9 billion of equity capital in its initial offering in June 2006 to invest alongside certain of our private equity funds and directly in certain of our capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. The common units of AAA, which represent limited partner interests, are listed on Euronext Amsterdam. On June 1, 2007, AAAs investment vehicle, AAA Investments, entered into a credit facility that originally provided for a $900 million revolving line of credit, thus increasing the amount of cash that AAA Investments has available for making investments and funding its liquidity and working capital needs. AAA may incur additional indebtedness from time to time, subject to availability in the credit markets, among other things. In connection with AAAs ongoing liquidity management and deleveraging strategy, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. In October 2009, AAA Investments repaid $225.0 million to the lenders in return for the right for AAA Investments or one of its affiliates to purchase its debt in the future at a discount to par value, subject to certain conditions. In December 2009, February 2010 and June 2010, AAA purchased $25.0 million, $37.5 million and $75.0 million, respectively, of its own debt for a purchase price of 85% of par value. As a result of these purchases, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. On August 11, 2010, AAA purchased 6,777,308 of its common units and restricted depositary units, or RDUs, from holders participating in a tender offer announced on July 12, 2010, for an aggregate of $47.4 million.
Since its formation, AAA has allowed us to quickly target certain investment opportunities by capitalizing new investment vehicles formed by Apollo in advance of a lengthier third-party fundraising process. AAA Investments was the initial investor in one of our mezzanine funds, two of our distressed and hedge funds, and our non-performing loan fund. AAA Investments current portfolio also includes private equity co-investments in
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Fund VI and Fund VII portfolio companies, certain opportunistic investments and temporary cash investments. AAA may also invest in additional funds and other opportunistic investments identified by Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., the investment manager of AAA. As of June 30, 2010, AAA Investments had total investments of approximately $1.6 billion.
Due to market volatility and the tightening of the credit markets, particularly during the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009, AAA Investments took certain steps in an effort to ensure that it continues to maintain appropriate cash reserves. As part of this process, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008 and continuing into the third quarter of 2009, AAA Investments exercised the right to opt-out of new co-investments alongside Fund VI and Fund VII, as permitted by its co-investment agreements. AAA Investments opt-out decisions are made on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration reserves and liquidity at the time of the potential co-investment transaction. Beginning in the third quarter of 2009, AAA Investments resumed making co-investments alongside the private equity funds. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreements with Fund VI and Fund VII were amended. The co-investment agreement with Fund VI was amended to provide that no new co-investments will be made, and only follow-on investments that are expected to protect AAA Investments interests in its existing portfolio companies will be made going forward. The co-investment agreement with Fund VII was amended to provide that where a follow-on investment is made with Fund VII for reasons other than to protect AAA Investments interest in an existing portfolio company, it will be made at the co-investment percentage that has been set by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner for the relevant year (or, if lower, at the percentage necessary to ensure that AAA Investments and Fund VII continue to hold the relevant portfolio company in the same proportions as it is then owned by each of them). The board of directors of AAAs managing general partner continues to set the Fund VII co-investment percentage for new co-investments at the beginning of each calendar year.
Strategic Investment Accounts
Institutional investors are expressing increasing levels of interest in SIAs since these accounts can provide investors with greater levels of transparency, liquidity and control over their investments as compared to more traditional investment funds. Based on the trends we are currently witnessing among a select group of large institutional investors, we expect our AUM that is managed through SIAs to continue to grow over time. As of June 30, 2010, over $7.0 billion of our total AUM and $4.7 billion of our fee-generating AUM was managed through SIAs.
One example of an SIA managed by Apollo is Palmetto, which we manage on behalf of a single investor. As of June 30, 2010, the capital commitments to Palmetto were $759.0 million, which included a capital commitment of $750.0 million from one institutional investor that is a large state pension fund and $9.0 million of current commitments from Apollo. Palmetto was established to facilitate investments by such third-party investor directly in our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. As of June 30, 2010, Palmetto had committed approximately $399.7 million for investments primarily in our European non-performing loan fund, our private equity funds and SVF.
We have assembled a dedicated team to pursue real estate investment opportunities, which we refer to as Apollo Global Real Estate, or AGRE, and which we believe benefits from Apollos long-standing history of investing in real estate-related sectors such as hotels and lodging, leisure and logistics. AGRE, which includes ten investment professionals as of June 30, 2010, is led by Joseph Azrack, who joined Apollo in 2008 with 30 years of real estate investment management experience, serving most recently as President and CEO of Citi Property Investors.
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We believe our dedicated real estate platform benefits from, and contributes to, Apollos integrated platform, and further expands Apollos deep real estate industry knowledge and relationships. As of June 30, 2010, our real estate business had total and fee-generating AUM of $2.1 billion and $0.4 billion, respectively.
In addition to the funds described below, we may seek to serve as the manager of, or sponsor, a series of real estate funds that focus on other opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions, including corporate real estate, distress for control situations and the acquisition and recapitalization of real estate portfolios, platforms and operating companies, including non-performing and deeply discounted loans.
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The transaction is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2010.
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.
In 2009, we launched Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (NYSE: ARI), or ARI, a commercial real estate finance company managed by Apollo that has been formed primarily to originate, invest in, acquire, and manage senior performing commercial real estate mortgage loans, commercial mortgage backed securities, or CMBS, commercial real estate corporate debt and loans and other real estate-related investments in the United States. On September 29, 2009, ARI completed the initial public offering of 10 million shares of its common stock, at a price to the public of $20.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $200 million, and a concurrent private placement of 500,000 shares of its common stock to Apollo and certain of its affiliates at a price per share equal to the initial public offering price. The proceeds to ARI from the initial public offering and the concurrent private placement, net of related issuance costs, were approximately $208 million. As of June 30, 2010, ARI had total AUM of $539 million.
During September 2010, ARI completed an offering of 6.9 million shares, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $110.4 million. The proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of debt and continued investment in target assets, with a focus on performing commercial first mortgage loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities, mezzanine financings and other real estate-related debt investments.
AGRE CMBS Fund L.P.
In December 2009, we launched AGRE CMBS Fund L.P., or AGRE CMBS Account, a real estate strategic investment account formed to invest principally in CMBS and leverage those investments by borrowing from the Federal Reserve Bank of New Yorks Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility, or TALF. As of June 30, 2010, the AGRE CMBS Account had total AUM of $1.6 billion.
Over our 20-year history, we have grown to be one of the largest alternative asset managers in the world, which we attribute to the following competitive strengths:
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Our Investment Process and Approach to Investing Have Delivered a Strong Track Record . Our track record of generating attractive long-term risk-adjusted private equity fund returns is a key differentiating factor for our fund investors and, we believe, will allow us to continue to expand our AUM and capitalize |
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new investment vehicles. See The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current or future funds or from us. Some of the elements that have enabled us to generate these attractive returns include: |
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Our flexibility to invest throughout market cycles and across the capital structureWe have consistently invested capital on behalf of our investors throughout economic cycles by focusing on opportunities that we believe are often overlooked by other investors. We believe that our expertise in capital markets, focus on core industry sectors and investment experience allows us to respond quickly to changing environments. Our private equity funds have had success investing in buyouts and credit opportunities during both expansionary and recessionary economic periods. |
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Our deep industry expertise and focus on complex transactions We have substantial expertise in nine core industry sectors and our funds have invested in over 300 companies since inception. Our core industry sectors are chemicals; commodities; consumer and retail; distribution and transportation; financial and business services; manufacturing and industrial; media and leisure; packaging and materials; and satellite and wireless. We believe that situational and structural complexity often hides compelling value that competitors may lack the inclination or ability to uncover, and that our industry expertise and comfort with complexity help drive our performance. |
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Our investment expertise creates proprietary investment opportunitiesWe believe our industry expertise allows us to create strategic platforms and approach new investments as a strategic buyer with synergies, cross-selling opportunities and economies of scale advantages over other purely financial sponsors. Fund VI and Fund VII have been the sole financial sponsor in 13 of their last 15 traditional private equity portfolio company buyouts. |
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Our collaboration with portfolio company management teamsWe possess two decades of experience working with management teams to help create significant long-term value for the portfolio companies of our funds. We believe we add value to our funds investments by working closely with the portfolio company management teams in a number of ways, such as generating cost and working capital savings and optimizing capital structures. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt. In addition, from the date of acquisition through June 30, 2010, Fund VI portfolio companies have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability. |
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Our Integrated Business Model . Generally, we operate our global franchise as an integrated investment platform with a free flow of information across our businesses. Each of our businesses contributes to and draws from our investment experience and deep industry expertise, thereby providing investment opportunities and intellectual capital to the other businesses, which we believe enables our funds to successfully invest across a companys capital structure. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesPossession of material, non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers. |
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Our Strong, Longstanding Investor Relationships. We manage capital for hundreds of investors in our private equity funds, which include many of the worlds most prominent pension funds, university endowments, financial institutions and individuals. Most of our private equity investors are invested in multiple Apollo private equity funds, and many have invested in one or more of our capital markets funds, including as seed investors in new strategies. We believe that our deep investor relationships have facilitated the growth of our existing businesses and will assist us with the launch of new businesses and investment offerings, thereby increasing our fee-generating AUM. |
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Long-Term Capital Base. A significant portion of our $54.5 billion of AUM as of June 30, 2010 was long-term in nature. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, including 12% that was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which we believe is an important component in generating attractive returns for our investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. |
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The Continuity of Our Strong Management Team and Reputation. Our managing partners actively participate in the oversight of the investment activities of our funds, have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 140 investment professionals as of June 30, 2010 who possess a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. We have developed a strong reputation in the market as an investor and partner who can make significant contributions to a business or investing decision, and we believe the longevity of our management team is a key competitive advantage. |
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Alignment of Interests with Investors in Our Funds and Shareholders. Fundamental to our business model is the alignment of interests of our professionals with those of the investors in our funds, and with those of our shareholders. From our inception through June 30, 2010, our professionals have committed or invested an estimated $1.0 billion of their own capital to our funds. In addition, our practice is to allocate a portion of the management fees and incentive income payable by our funds to our professionals, which we believe serves to incentivize those employees to generate superior risk-adjusted investment returns. Also, the majority of our employees own restricted share units, or RSUs, which vest over time, and our managing partners and contributing partners will own % of the company after giving effect to the IPO (as defined below in Recent Developments). We expect to continue to increase the equity ownership held by our employees over time through additional grants of RSUs in lieu of cash compensation. We believe that the alignment of interests with our shareholders and fund investors helps us to raise new funds, continue to execute our growth strategy and deliver earnings to our shareholders. |
Our growth and investment returns have been supported by an institutionalized and strategic organizational structure designed to promote teamwork, industry specialization, longevity of capital, compliance and regulatory excellence and internal systems and processes. Our ability to grow our AUM and revenues depends on our performance and on our ability to attract new capital and fund investors, which we have done successfully over the last 20 years.
The following are key elements of our growth strategy:
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continuing to achieve long-term returns in our funds; |
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continuing our commitment to our fund investors; |
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raising additional investment capital for our current businesses; |
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expanding into new investment strategies, markets and businesses; and |
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capitalize upon the benefits of being a public company, including the pursuit of complementary and strategic acquisitions. |
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We cannot assure you that our funds or our current businesses will be successful in raising the capital described above or that any capital they do raise will be on terms favorable to us or consistent with terms of capital that they have previously raised. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds and Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessChanges in the debt financing markets have negatively impacted the ability of our funds and their portfolio companies to obtain attractive financing for their investments and have increased the cost of such financing if it is obtained, which could lead to lower-yielding investments and potentially decreasing our net income for a more detailed discussion of the risks.
Our revenues and other income consist principally of (i) management fees, which are based upon a percentage of the committed or invested capital (in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds), adjusted assets (in the case of AAA), gross invested capital or fund net asset value (in the case of the rest of our capital markets funds) and stockholders equity (in the case of ARI), (ii) transaction and advisory fees received from private equity and certain capital markets portfolio companies in respect of business and transaction consulting services that we provide, as well as advisory services provided to a capital markets fund, (iii) income based on the performance of our funds, which consists of allocations, distributions or fees from our private equity funds, AAA and our capital markets funds, and (iv) investment income from our investments as general partner and other direct investments primarily in the form of net gains from investment activities as well as interest and dividend income. Carried interest from our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds entitles us to an allocation of a portion of the income and gains from that fund and is as much as 20% of the net realized income and gains that are achieved by the funds net of fund expenses, generally subject to an annual preferred return for the limited partners of 8% with a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. The general partner of each of the funds accrues for its portion of carried interest at each balance sheet date for any changes in value of the funds underlying investments. For example, if one of our private equity funds were to exceed the preferred return threshold and generate $100 million of profits net of allocable fees and expenses from a given investment, our carried interest would entitle us to receive as much as $20 million of these net profits less appropriate compensation expense for our investment professionals.
Carried interest from most of our capital markets funds is as much as 20% of either the funds income and gain or the yearly appreciation of the funds net asset value. For such capital markets funds, we accrue carried interest on both realized and unrealized gains, subject to any applicable hurdles and high-water marks. Certain of our capital markets funds are subject to a preferred return. Our ability to generate carried interest is an important element of our business and has historically accounted for a very significant portion of our income. For the six months ended June 30, 2010, management fees, transaction and advisory fees, and carried interest income represented 69.3%, 12.5% and 18.2%, respectively, of our $303 million of revenues. See our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
In considering the performance information contained in this prospectus, prospective Class A shareholders should bear in mind that such performance information is not indicative of the possible performance of our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007.
Management further evaluates our segments based on our management and incentive business within each segment. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction revenues, carried interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds, and expenses exclusive of profit sharing,
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which we believe are more stable in nature. The financial performance of our incentive business, which is dependent upon quarterly mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP, guidance applicable to fair value measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expense in connection with our investment funds, and is generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
For more information regarding the financial
performance of our segments, refer to Summary Historical and Other Data, which includes our statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, Economic Net Income, or ENI, for our reportable
segments and the management business and incentive business, as well as further reconciliation of ENI to Adjusted ENI to identify non-recurring or unusual items for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and for the years ended
The Private Offering Transactions and the Strategic Investors Transaction
On August 8, 2007, in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, we sold 27,000,000 Class A shares, at an initial offering price of $24 per share, to (i) Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Credit Suisse (USA) LLC, which we refer to as the initial purchasers, for their resale to qualified institutional buyers that are also qualified purchasers in reliance upon Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and (ii) accredited investors, with the initial purchasers acting as placement agents, in a private placement, as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act. The initial purchasers exercised their over-allotment option and on September 5, 2007, we sold an additional 2,824,540 Class A shares to the initial purchasers at the price of $24 per share. We refer to this exempt sale of Class A shares to the initial purchasers and to accredited investors as the Rule 144A Offering. We entered into a registration rights agreement with the initial purchasers in the Rule 144A Offering, pursuant to which we undertook to register under the Securities Act the Class A shares sold in the Rule 144A Offering. A portion of the Class A shares offered by this prospectus are the shares sold in the Rule 144A Offering. See Registration Rights.
In connection with the Rule 144A Offering, on July 16, 2007, we entered into a purchase agreement with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, one of the Rule 144A Offering initial purchasers, pursuant to which Credit Suisse Management LLC, or the CS Investor, purchased from us in a private placement that closed concurrently with the Rule 144A Offering an aggregate of $180 million of the Class A shares at a price per share of $24, or 7,500,000 Class A shares. Pursuant to a shareholders agreement we entered into with the CS Investor, the CS Investor agreed not to sell its Class A shares for a period of one year from August 8, 2007, the closing date of the Rule 144A Offering. We entered into a registration rights agreement with the CS Investor in connection with the private placement transaction pursuant to which we undertook to register under the Securities Act the Class A shares sold therein. A portion of the Class A shares offered by this prospectus are the shares sold in the private placement transaction. See Registration Rights. We refer to our sale of Class A shares to the CS Investor as the Private Placement and to the Private Placement and the Rule 144A Offering collectively as the Private Offering Transactions.
On July 13, 2007, we sold securities to the California Public Employees Retirement System, or CalPERS, and an affiliate of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, or ADIA, in return for a total investment of $1.2 billion. We refer to CalPERS and ADIA as the Strategic Investors. Upon completion of the Private Offering Transactions, the securities that we sold to the Strategic Investors converted into non-voting Class A shares. We refer to the foregoing issuance of securities, our use of proceeds from that sale and the conversion of such securities into non-voting Class A shares as the Strategic Investors Transaction. Pursuant to a lenders rights agreement we have entered into with the Strategic Investors, the Strategic Investors have agreed not to sell any of their Class A shares for a period of two years after the date on which the shelf registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part becomes effective, or the shelf effectiveness date, subject to limited
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exceptions. Thereafter, the amount of Class A shares they may sell is subject to a limit that increases with each year. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementTransfer Restrictions. The Strategic Investors are two of the largest alternative asset investors in the world and have been significant investors with us in multiple funds covering a variety of strategies. In total, from our inception through the date hereof, the Strategic Investors have invested or committed to invest approximately $7.6 billion of capital in us and our funds. The Strategic Investors have been significant supporters of our integrated platform, with one or both having invested in multiple private equity and capital markets funds. The Strategic Investors have no obligation to invest further in our funds, and any future investments by the Strategic Investors in our funds or other alternative investment categories will likely depend on the performance of our funds, the performance of each Strategic Investors overall investment portfolio and other investment opportunities available to them.
On April 20, 2010, we announced that we have entered into a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS. The new strategic relationship agreement provides that we will reduce management and other fees charged to CalPERS on credit-related funds that we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit. The agreement further provides that we will not use a placement agent in connection with securing any future capital commitments from CalPERS.
Structure and Formation of the Company
Apollo Global Management, LLC is a holding company whose primary assets are 100% of the general partner interests in each limited partnership included in the Apollo Operating Group, which is described below under Holding Company Structure. After giving effect to the IPO (as defined below in Recent Developments), % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be held by Apollo Global Management, LLC through intermediate holding companies, and the remaining % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be owned directly by Holdings, an entity 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by our managing partners and contributing partners. The limited partner interests that the company and Holdings own in the Apollo Operating Group entities represent the companys and Holdings economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. With limited exceptions, the Apollo Operating Group owns each of the operating entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements as described below under Our Assets.
Apollo Global Management, LLC is owned by its Class A and Class B shareholders. Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share vote as a single class on all matters presented to the shareholders, although the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights in respect of any of their Class A shares. We have issued to BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., or BRH, a single Class B share solely for purposes of granting voting power to BRH. BRH is the general partner of Holdings and is a Cayman Islands exempted company owned and controlled by our managing partners. The Class B share does not represent an economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. The voting power of the Class B share, however, increases or decreases with corresponding changes in Holdings economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group.
Our shareholders vote together as a single class on the limited set of matters on which shareholders have a vote. Such matters include a proposed sale of all or substantially all of our assets, certain mergers and consolidations, certain amendments to our operating agreement and an election by our manager to dissolve the company.
We intend to continue to employ our current management structure with strong central control by our managing partners and to maintain our focus on achieving successful growth over the long term. This desire to preserve our existing management structure is one of the principal reasons why upon listing of our Class A shares on the New York Stock Exchange, if achieved, we have decided to avail ourselves of the controlled company
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exception from certain of the NYSE governance rules. This exception eliminates the requirements that we have a majority of independent directors on our board of directors and that we have a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. It is also the reason that the managing partners chose to have a manager that manages all of our operations and activities, with only limited powers retained by the board of directors, as long as the Apollo control condition, which is discussed below under Our Manager, is satisfied.
We refer to the formation of the Apollo Operating Group described below under Holding Company Structure, Our Manager, Our Assets and Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners, the deconsolidation of most Apollo funds described below under Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds and the borrowing under the AMH credit facility and the related distribution to our managing partners described below under Distribution to Our Managing Partners Prior to the Private Offering Transactions, collectively, as the Reorganization.
Prior to the Reorganization, our business was conducted through a number of entities as to which there was no single holding entity but that were separately owned by our managing partners. In order to facilitate the Rule 144A Offering, which closed in August 2007, we effected the Reorganization to form a new holding company structure. Additional entities were formed during 2008 to create our current holding company structure.
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The diagram below depicts our current organizational structure after giving effect to the IPO (as defined below) (1) (see Our Structure for a more detailed diagram and see Recent Developments for a discussion of the IPO).
(1) | Adjusted numbers giving effect to the IPO assume that Class A shares are offered and sold by Apollo Global Management, LLC, and the net proceeds thereof are contributed to the Apollo Operating Group, thereby increasing the economic interest held by our Class A shareholders, taken as a whole, in the Apollo Operating Group from % to %. |
(2) | After giving effect to the IPO, investors in the Rule 144A Offering and investors in the IPO (together, the Public Investors) will hold % of the Class A shares, the CS Investor will hold % of the Class A shares, and the Strategic Investors will hold % of the Class A shares. After giving effect to the IPO, the Class A shares held by Public Investors will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. After giving effect to the IPO, Class A shares held by the CS Investor will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights and after giving effect to the IPO, will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Such Class A shares will become entitled to vote upon transfers by a Strategic Investor in accordance with the agreements entered into in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
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(3) | Our managing partners own BRH, which in turn holds our only outstanding Class B share. After giving effect to the IPO, the Class B share will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote but no economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. Our managing partners economic interests are instead represented by their indirect ownership, through Holdings, of % of the limited partner interests in the Apollo Operating Group after giving effect to the IPO. |
(4) | Through BRH Holdings, L.P., our managing partners own limited partner interests in Holdings. |
(5) | After giving effect to the IPO, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. The Apollo Operating Group units held by Holdings are exchangeable for Class A shares, as described below under Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners. Our managing partners, through their interests in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO. Our contributing partners, through their ownership interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO. |
(6) | BRH is the sole member of AGM Management, LLC, our manager. The management of Apollo Global Management, LLC is vested in our manager as provided in our operating agreement. See Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a description of the authority that our manager exercises. |
(7) | After giving effect to the IPO, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity, held through intermediate holding companies. Apollo Global Management, LLC also indirectly owns 100% of the general partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. |
Holding Company Structure
Apollo Global Management, LLC, through three intermediate holding companies (APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC), will own % of the economic interests of, and operates and controls all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries after giving effect to the IPO. Holdings will own the remaining % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group after giving effect to the IPO. Apollo Global Management, LLC consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated financial statements.
The Apollo Operating Group consists of the following partnerships: Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes). Apollo Global Management, LLC conducts all of its material business activities through the Apollo Operating Group.
Each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships holds interests in different businesses or entities organized in different jurisdictions. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds as well as the domestic general partner of one of our real estate funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. generally hold our foreign general partners of private equity funds, including the foreign general partner of AAA Investments, our private equity foreign co-invest vehicles, one of our capital markets foreign co-invest vehicles, and one of our capital markets domestic co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. holds our foreign general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. holds two capital markets foreign
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co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. holds the domestic general partners of certain of our capital markets funds; and AMH holds the management companies for our private equity funds (including AAA), our capital markets funds and our real estate funds.
Our structure is designed to accomplish a number of objectives, the most important of which are as follows:
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We are a holding company that is qualified as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Our intermediate holding companies enable us to maintain our partnership status and to meet the qualifying income exception. See also Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of the CompanyTaxation of Apollo for a discussion of the qualifying income exception. |
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We have historically used multiple management companies to segregate operations for business, financial and other reasons. Going forward, we may increase or decrease the number of our management companies or partnerships within the Apollo Operating Group, based on our views regarding the appropriate balance between (a) administrative convenience and (b) continued business, financial, tax and other optimization. |
Our Manager
Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo Group (as defined below) beneficially owns at least 10% of the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares, our manager, which is 100% owned by BRH, will conduct, direct and manage all activities of Apollo Global Management, LLC. We refer to the Apollo Groups beneficial ownership of at least 10% of such voting power as the Apollo control condition. So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it. See Description of Shares.
For purposes of our operating agreement, the Apollo Group means (i) our manager and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (ii) Holdings and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (iii) with respect to each managing partner, such managing partner and such managing partners group (as defined in Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Exchange Act), (iv) any former or current investment professional of or other employee of an Apollo employer (as defined below) or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group), (v) any former or current executive officer of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and (vi) any former or current director of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group). With respect to any person, Apollo employer means Apollo Global Management, LLC or such other entity controlled by Apollo Global Management, LLC or its successor as may be such persons employer.
Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share have no right to elect our manager, which is controlled by our managing partners through BRH. Although our manager has no business activities other than the management of our businesses, conflicts of interest may arise in the future between us and our Class A shareholders, on the one hand, and our managing partners, on the other. The resolution of these conflicts may not always be in our best interests or those of our Class A shareholders. We describe the potential conflicts of interest in greater detail under Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructurePotential conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders on the other hand. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to
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favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders. We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. Our operating agreement does not limit the amount of expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates.
Our Assets
Prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our managing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group their interests in each of the entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements, but excluding the excluded assets described under Our StructureReorganizationExcluded Assets. As discussed further below, the managing partners received partnership interests in Holdings (representing an indirect ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units) in respect of the interests they contributed to the Apollo Operating Group.
Certain assets were not contributed to the Apollo Global Management, LLC structure as these assets were either at the end of their life ( e.g. , general partners of Funds I, II and III) or these assets were owned by the managing partners and the contributing partners. The managing partners chose which assets were to be included in the Apollo Global Management, LLC structure. Except for the general partners of Funds I, II and III, none of the excluded assets were included in the combined financial statements of the Apollo Operating Group prior to the Reorganization. As a result of the Reorganization, the general partner interests were treated as distributions to the managing partners and other Reorganization adjustments in the Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity and Partners Capital. See our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The following is a condensed list of excluded assets from the Reorganization (for a more detailed description, see Our StructureReorganizationExcluded Assets);
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our managing partners personal investments or co-investments in our funds (subject to certain limitations); |
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amounts owed to any managing partners pursuant to any Apollo deferral or waiver programs or carried interest earned but held in escrow; |
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our managing partners interests in Apollo Real Estate, Ares and the general partners of Funds I, II and III; |
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compensation and benefits paid or given to the managing partners consistent with the terms of their employment agreements (as described below under ManagementExecutive CompensationEmployment Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreements with Managing Partners); |
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director options issued prior to January 1, 2007 by any of our funds portfolio companies; |
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an entity partially owned by our managing partners (without any economics) that has 100% voting control over the investment of Fund VI in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc.; and |
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other miscellaneous, non-core assets. |
In addition, prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our contributing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group a portion of their rights to receive a portion of the management fees and incentive income that are earned from management of our funds, or points. We refer to such contributed points as partner-contributed interests. In return for a contribution of points, each contributing partner received an interest in Holdings (representing an indirect, unit-for-unit ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units).
Prior to the exchange, the points held by each managing partner and contributing partner were designated values based upon the estimated 2007 cash flows of each entity that was contributed to the Apollo Operating Group and from which such partner was to receive management fees and incentive income. The 2007 estimated
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cash flow of the entities contributed was agreed between the managing partners and the contributing partners to be the best proxy for measuring the total value of the interests that were contributed by each partner to the Apollo Operating Group. As such, the partnership interests in Holdings that were granted to each managing partner and contributing partner correspond to the aggregate value of the points such partner contributed. Specifically, for purposes of determining the number of Apollo Operating Group units each managing partner and contributing partner was to receive, the aggregate value of the points contributed by a given partner was divided by the aggregate value of all points contributed by all of the managing partners and contributing partners to determine a percentage of the ownership such partner had in the Apollo Operating Group prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and the Strategic Investors Transaction (for each managing partner and contributing partner, his or her AOG Ownership Percentage). In order to achieve the offering size targeted in the Private Offering Transactions within the proposed offering price range per Class A share, the managing partners also determined the aggregate amount of units that the Apollo Operating Group should issue and have outstanding immediately prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic Investors Transaction. This aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units was then allocated to each managing partner and contributing partner based upon their respective AOG Ownership Percentage. For example, if a partner contributed points constituting an AOG Ownership Percentage of 10% of the aggregate value of all points contributed to the Apollo Operating Group, such partner received 10% of the aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units issued and outstanding prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic Investors Transaction.
Each contributing partner continues to own directly those points that such contributing partner did not contribute to the Apollo Operating Group or sell to the Apollo Operating Group in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. Each contributing partner remained entitled (on an individual basis and not through ownership interests in Holdings) to receive payments in respect of his partner-contributed interests with respect to fiscal year 2007 based on the date his partner-contributed interests were contributed or sold as described below under Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization. The Strategic Investors similarly received a pro rata portion of our net income prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions for our fiscal year 2007, calculated in the same manner as for the managing partners and contributing partners, as described in more detail under Our StructureStrategic Investors Transaction. In addition, we issued points in Fund VII, and intend to issue points in future funds, to our contributing partners and other of our professionals.
As a result of these contributions and the contributions of our managing partners, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries generally are entitled to:
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all management fees payable in respect of all our current and future funds as well as transaction and other fees that may be payable by these funds portfolio companies (other than fees that certain of our professionals have a right to receive, as described below); |
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50% 66% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments by our current private equity and capital markets funds (with the remainder of such incentive income continuing to be held by certain of our professionals); |
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all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments made by our future private equity and capital markets funds, other than the percentage we determine to allocate to our professionals, as described below; and |
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all returns on current or future investments of our own capital in the funds we sponsor and manage. |
With respect to our existing funds that are currently investing, as well as any future funds that we may sponsor, we intend to continue to allocate a portion of the management fees, transaction and advisory fees and incentive income earned in relation to these funds to our professionals, including the contributing partners, in order to better align their interests with our own and with those of the investors in these funds. Our current
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estimate is that approximately 30% to 50% of carried interest income earned in relation to our funds will be allocated to our investment professionals, although these percentages may fluctuate up or down over time. When apportioning carried interest income to our professionals, we typically cause our general partners in the underlying funds to issue these professionals limited partner interests, thereby causing our percentage ownership of the limited partner interests in these general partners to fluctuate. Our managing partners will not directly receive any allocations of carried interest income, and all of their rights to receive carried interest income earned in relation to our actively investing funds and future funds will be solely through their ownership of Apollo Operating Group units until July 13, 2012.
In addition, we expect to continue to pay approximately 35% to 50% of management fees and transaction and advisory fees to our employees for salary, bonus and benefit costs, excluding equity-based compensation. These percentages may fluctuate over time based on our actual performance each year.
The income of the Apollo Operating Group (including management fees, transaction and advisory fees and carried interest income) benefits Apollo Global Management, LLC to the extent of its equity interest in the Apollo Operating Group. See BusinessFees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination.
Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
In exchange for the contribution of assets described above and after giving effect to the Strategic Investor Transactions, Holdings (which is owned by BRH and the contributing partners) received 80.0% of the limited partnership units in the Apollo Operating Group. We use the terms Apollo Operating Group unit or unit in/of Apollo Operating Group to refer to a limited partnership unit in each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships. We refer to the managing partners and contributing partners contribution of assets to the Apollo Operating Group and Holdings receipt of Apollo Operating Group units in exchange therefor as the Apollo Operating Group Formation.
Our managing partners, through their interests in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units and, through their ownership of BRH, the Class B share that we have issued to BRH, in each case after giving effect to the IPO. Our managing partners have entered into an agreement, which we refer to as the Agreement Among Managing Partners, providing that each managing partners interest in the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds indirectly through his interest in BRH and Holdings is subject to vesting. Each of Messrs. Harris and Rowan vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 60 equal monthly installments, and Mr. Black vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments. Although the Agreement Among Managing Partners was entered into on July 13, 2007, for purposes of its vesting provisions, our managing partners are credited for their employment with us since January 1, 2007. In the event that a managing partner terminates his employment with us for any reason, he will be required to forfeit the unvested portion of his Apollo Operating Group units to the other managing partners. The number of Apollo Operating Group units that must be forfeited upon termination depends on the cause of the termination. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners. However, this agreement may be amended and the terms and conditions of the agreement may be changed or modified upon the unanimous approval of the managing partners. We, our shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors, as set forth under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision of this agreement or to prevent the managing partners from amending the agreement or waiving any of its obligations.
Pursuant to a shareholders agreement that we entered into with our managing partners prior to the Private Offering Transactions, which we refer to as the Managing Partners Shareholders Agreement, no managing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of the interests in Apollo Operating Group units that such managing partner owns through BRH and Holdings or Class A shares into which such Apollo Operating Group units are
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exchanged, or his Equity Interests, for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date, subject to certain exceptions, including an exception for certain transactions entered into by one or more managing partners the results of which are that the managing partners no longer exercise control over us or the Apollo Operating Group or no longer hold at least 50.1% of the economic interests in us or the Apollo Operating Group. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our managing partners and the exceptions to such transfer restrictions are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders AgreementTransfer Restrictions. Our managing partners and contributing partners also were granted demand, piggyback and shelf registration rights through Holdings which are exercisable six months after the shelf effectiveness date.
Our contributing partners, through their interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO. Pursuant to the agreements by which our contributing partners contributed their partner-contributed interests to the Apollo Operating Group and received interests in Holdings, which we refer to as the Roll-Up Agreements, no contributing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of his Equity Interests for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our contributing partners are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsRoll-Up Agreements.
Subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements described above), upon 60 days written notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner will have the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept) and to distribute the net proceeds of such sale to such managing partner or contributing partner. We have reserved for issuance 240,000,000 Class A shares, corresponding to the number of existing Apollo Operating Group units held indirectly through Holdings by our managing partners and contributing partners. Upon receipt of the notice described above, APO Corp., one of our intermediate holding companies, will purchase from us the number of Class A shares that are exchangeable for the Apollo Operating Group units to be surrendered by the managing partner or contributing partner. To effect the exchange, a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, must then simultaneously exchange one Apollo Operating Group unit, being an equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity, for each Class A share received from our intermediate holding companies. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly decreased. If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. We considered whether this redemption feature results in accounting implications under U.S. GAAP which requires securities with redemption features that are not solely within the control of the issuer to be classified outside of permanent equity. The extent of our obligation is to (i) exchange physical Class A shares for Apollo Operating Group units and (ii) sell the shares at the prevailing market price on behalf of the holder. We never have any future cash obligations to the unit holders. Specifically, in the event we are unable to sell the Class A shares, we are not required to provide liquidity to the holders of Apollo Operating Group units in any manner. Rather, in the event that we were unable to sell the Class A shares, the transaction would essentially be unwound and the Class A shares would be converted back to Apollo Operating Group units. Based on U.S. GAAP and the terms of this feature, we are deemed to control settlement by delivery of our own shares, and as noted above, we have reserved for issuance a sufficient number of shares to settle any contracts. As such, Non-Controlling Interest is reported in the consolidated and combined financial statements of the company within shareholders equity, separately from the total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders equity.
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Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
Certain of our private equity and capital markets funds have historically been consolidated into our financial statements, due to our controlling interest in certain funds notwithstanding that we have only a non-controlling equity interest in these funds. Consequently, our pre-Reorganization financial statements do not reflect our ownership interest at fair value in these funds, but rather reflect on a gross basis the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows of our funds. We amended the governing documents of most of our funds to provide that a simple majority of the funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund. These amendments, which became effective on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, deconsolidated these funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements. Accordingly, we no longer reflect the share that other parties own in total assets and Non-Controlling Interests in these respective funds. The deconsolidation of these funds will present our financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and the related risks. Accordingly, we believe that deconsolidating these funds will provide investors with a better understanding of our business.
We believe that under current law, Apollo Global Management, LLC is treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. An entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is not a taxable entity and incurs no U.S. Federal income tax liability. Instead, each partner is required to take into account its allocable share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of the partnership in computing its U.S. Federal income tax liability, regardless of whether cash distributions are then made. Investors in this offering will be deemed to be limited partners of Apollo Global Management, LLC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, an investor will generally be required to pay U.S. Federal income taxes with respect to the income and gain of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is allocated to such investor, even if Apollo Global Management, LLC does not make cash distributions. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations for a summary discussing certain U.S. Federal income tax considerations related to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A shares as of the date of this offering.
The U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects. On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed H.R. 4213, the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010. If enacted, this bill would preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules and could change the character of portions of our income from capital gain to ordinary income. Such legislation does provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects, Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructureMembers of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares and Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
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Other jurisdictions have also introduced legislation to increase taxes with respect to carried interest. For instance, on June 29, 2010, the New York State Legislature introduced legislation to expand New Yorks non-resident personal income to include carried interest. If passed, this legislation would be retroactive to January 1, 2010. It is unclear whether this legislation or other legislation will be enacted.
Distribution to Our Managing Partners Prior to the Private Offering Transactions
On April 20, 2007, AMH, one of the entities in the Apollo Operating Group, entered into a credit facility, or the AMH credit facility, under which AMH borrowed a $1.0 billion variable-rate term loan. We used these borrowings to make a $986.6 million distribution to our managing partners and to pay related fees and expenses. This distribution was a distribution of prior undistributed earnings, and an advance on possible future earnings, of AMH. As a result, this distribution caused the managing partners accumulated equity basis in AMH to become negative. As of the date hereof, the AMH credit facility is guaranteed by Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Capital Management, L.P.; Apollo International Management, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.; and AAA Holdings, L.P. and matures on April 20, 2014. It is secured by (i) a first priority lien on substantially all assets of AMH and the guarantors and (ii) a pledge of the equity interests of each of the guarantors, in each case subject to customary carveouts.
Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization
We made distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners that represented all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to July 13, 2007. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to July 13, 2007 or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to July 13, 2007 were treated as having been earned prior to that date. Undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were $238.4 million and $148.6 million, respectively, and were recorded in the consolidated and combined financial statements as a component of due to affiliates and profit sharing payable, respectively. There were no undistributed earnings that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest at the June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 balance sheet dates.
In addition, we have also entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay them 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. In our condensed consolidated financial statements, the item due to affiliates includes $499.0 million and $514.0 million that was payable to our managing partners and contributing partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement as of both June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
As part of the Reorganization, the managing partners and the contributing partners received the following:
|
Apollo Operating Group units having a fair value per unit of $24 and $20 issued to the managing partners and contributing partners respectively on issuance date with a total approximate value of $5.6 billion (subject to five- or six-year vesting); |
|
$1.2 billion in cash in July 2007, excluding any potential contingent consideration; |
|
In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution related to a contingent consideration of $37.7 million. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, the general partner of AMH. Included in the distribution were AAA RDUs valued at approximately $12.7 million and a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of deferred compensation units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.8 million; and |
25
|
The fair value of carried interest related to the sale of portfolio companies where definitive sales contracts were executed but had not closed at July 13, 2007. We accrued an estimated payment of approximately $387.0 million at December 31, 2007, of which $200.2 million was distributed during the year ended December 31, 2008. The definitive sales contract in respect of which the remaining $186.8 million was accrued was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2008 and, as a result, no amounts were accrued at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. |
The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds
In this Prospectus Summary and elsewhere in this prospectus, we present information relating to the historical performance of our funds, including certain legacy Apollo funds that do not have a meaningful amount of unrealized investments and the general partners of which have not been contributed to Apollo Global Management, LLC.
When considering the data presented in this prospectus, you should note that the historical results of our funds are not indicative of the future results that you should expect from such funds, from any future funds we may raise or from your investment in our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The historical and potential future returns of the funds we manage are not directly linked to returns on our Class A shares. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of the funds we manage will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in our Class A shares. However, poor performance of the funds that we manage would cause a decline in our revenue from such funds, and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and in all likelihood the value in our Class A shares. There can be no assurance that any Apollo fund will continue to achieve the same results as historically achieved.
Moreover, the historical returns of our funds should not be considered indicative of the future results you should expect from such funds or from any future funds we may raise, in part because:
|
market conditions during previous periods were significantly more favorable for generating positive performance, particularly in our private equity business, than the market conditions we have experienced for the last two years and may continue to experience for the foreseeable future; |
|
our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that currently do not exist and may not repeat themselves, and there can be no assurance that our current or future funds will be able to avail themselves of profitable investment opportunities; |
|
our private equity funds rates of return, which are calculated on the basis of net asset value of the funds investments, reflect unrealized gains and unrealized losses, which gains and losses may never be realized; |
|
our funds returns have historically benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that may not repeat themselves, including the availability of debt capital on attractive terms, and we may not be able to achieve the same returns or profitable investment opportunities or deploy capital as quickly; |
|
the historical returns that we present in this prospectus derive largely from the performance of our earlier private equity funds, whereas future fund returns will depend increasingly on the performance of our newer funds, which may have little or no investment track record; |
|
Fund VI and Fund VII are several times larger than our previous private equity funds, and we may not be able to deploy this additional capital as profitably as our prior funds; |
|
the attractive returns of certain of our funds have been driven by the rapid return of invested capital, which has not occurred with respect to all of our funds and we believe is less likely to occur in the future; |
26
|
our track record with respect to our capital markets and real estate funds is relatively short as compared to our private equity funds; |
|
in recent years, there has been increased competition for private equity investment opportunities resulting from the increased amount of capital invested in private equity funds and periods of high liquidity in debt markets, which may result in lower returns for the funds; and |
|
our newly established funds may generate lower returns during the period that they take to deploy their capital. |
Finally, our private equity IRRs have historically varied greatly from fund to fund. For example, Fund IV has generated an 11% gross IRR and an 8% net IRR since inception through June 30, 2010, while Fund V has generated a 62% gross IRR and a 45% net IRR since inception through June 30, 2010. Accordingly, the IRR going forward for any current or future fund may vary considerably from the historical IRR generated by any particular fund, or for our private equity funds as a whole. Future returns will also be affected by the applicable risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including risks of the industries and businesses in which a particular fund invests. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesThe historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of our funds or of our future results or of any returns expected on an investment in our Class A shares.
We are planning to sell Class A shares in an initial public offering of our Class A shares (referred to as the IPO) for net proceeds of approximately $ million based on the midpoint of the estimated offering price range of $ to $ . The primary purpose of the IPO is to facilitate shareholder liquidity upon listing on the NYSE. We plan to use the net proceeds we receive from the Class A shares offered in the IPO for general corporate purposes and to fund growth initiatives. In addition, certain of our existing shareholders may sell an aggregate of Class A shares in the IPO. However, we will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of Class A shares by the selling shareholders participating in the IPO. None of the Strategic Investors or our affiliates, managing partners or employees will participate in the IPO as selling shareholders. The registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part also includes a prospectus for the IPO.
On August 2, 2010, 2010, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on August 25, 2010 to our Class A shareholders of record as of August 13, 2010.
Effective July 1, 2010, Gene Donnelly was appointed Chief Financial Officer of the company.
An investment in our Class A shares involves a high degree of risk. Some of the more significant challenges and risks include those associated with our susceptibility to conditions in the global financial markets and global economic conditions, the volatility of our revenue, net income and cash flow, our dependence on our managing partners and other key investment professionals, our ability to retain and motivate our existing investment professionals and recruit, retain and motivate new investment professionals in the future and risks associated with adverse changes in tax law and other legislative or regulatory changes. See Risk Factors for a discussion of the factors you should consider before investing in our Class A shares.
Apollo Global Management, LLC was formed in Delaware on July 3, 2007. Our principal executive offices are located at 9 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019, and our telephone number is (212) 515-3200. We maintain a website at www.agm.com . We do not incorporate the information on our website into this prospectus and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus.
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Shares Offered for Resale by the Selling Shareholders in this Offering |
Class A shares |
Shares to be Offered for Sale by Apollo Global Management, LLC in the IPO |
Class A shares |
Shares to be Offered for Sale by Selling Shareholders in the IPO |
Class A shares |
Shares Outstanding After Giving Effect to the IPO:
Class A Shares |
Class A shares |
Class B Shares |
1 Class B share |
Shares Held by Our Managing Partners After Giving Effect to the IPO:
Class A Shares |
None |
Class B Share |
Our managing partners indirectly hold the single Class B share that we have issued to BRH, representing % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to
|
Apollo Operating Group Units Held After Giving Effect to the IPO:
By Us |
or % of the total Apollo Operating Group units |
Indirectly By Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners |
240,000,000 or % of the total Apollo Operating Group units |
Voting:
Class A Shares |
One vote per share (except that Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors and their affiliates do not have any voting rights). |
Class B Share |
Initially, 240,000,000 votes. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share will be proportionately reduced. |
Voting Rights |
Holders of our Class A shares (other than the Strategic Investors and their affiliates, who have no voting rights) and our Class B share vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to our shareholders for their vote or approval. So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, however, our manager manages all of our operations and activities and exercises substantial control over extraordinary matters and other structural changes. You will have only limited voting rights |
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on matters affecting our businesses and will have no right to elect our manager, which is owned and controlled by our managing partners. Moreover, our managing partners, through their ownership of BRH, will hold % of the total combined voting power of our shares entitled to vote after giving effect to the IPO, and thus are able to exercise control over all matters requiring shareholder approval. See Description of Shares. |
Use of Proceeds |
We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Class A shares pursuant to this prospectus. |
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend will be at the sole discretion of our manager. We cannot assure you that any dividends, whether quarterly or otherwise, will or can be paid. See Cash Dividend Policy for a discussion of the factors our manager is likely to consider in regard to our payment of cash dividends. |
Because we are a holding company that owns intermediate holding companies, the funding of each dividend, if declared, will occur in three steps, as follows:
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first, we will cause one or more entities in the Apollo Operating Group to make a distribution to all of its partners, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries APO Corp., APO (FC), LLC and APO Asset Co., LLC (as applicable), and Holdings, on a pro rata basis; |
|
second, we will cause our intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO (FC), LLC and APO Asset Co., LLC (as applicable), to |
29
distribute to us, from their net after-tax proceeds, amounts equal to the aggregate dividend we have declared; and |
|
third, we will distribute the proceeds received by us to our Class A shareholders on a pro rata basis. |
If Apollo Operating Group units are issued to other parties, such as employees, such parties would be entitled to a portion of the distributions from the Apollo Operating Group as partners described above.
In addition, the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships provide for cash distributions, which we refer to as tax distributions, to the partners of such partnerships if the general partners of such partnerships determine that the taxable income of the relevant partnership will give rise to taxable income for its partners. Generally, these tax distributions will be computed based on our estimate of the net taxable income of the relevant partnership allocable to a partner multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. Federal, state and local income tax rate prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account the nondeductibility of certain expenses and the character of our income). The Apollo Operating Group partnerships will make tax distributions only to the extent distributions from such partnerships for the relevant year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities and all such distributions will be made to all partners on a pro rata basis based upon their respective interests in the applicable partnership. On January 8, 2009, we declared a special tax distribution amounting to $0.05 per Class A share. The distribution was paid on January 15, 2009 to Class A shareholders of record on January 12, 2009. No such tax distribution will necessarily be required to be distributed by us for future periods, and there can be no assurance that we will pay cash dividends on the Class A shares in an amount sufficient to cover any tax liability arising from the ownership of Class A shares.
30
equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity, for each Class A share received. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly reduced. If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. See Our StructureReorganizationHolding Company Structure for further discussion of our Reorganization structure. |
Any exchange of the Apollo Operating Group units generally is expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of APO Corp. that would not otherwise have been available. These increases in tax basis are expected to increase (for tax purposes) the depreciation and amortization deductions available to APO Corp. and therefore reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future. APO Corp. has entered into a tax receivable agreement with Holdings whereby it agrees to pay to Holdings 85% of the amount of actual cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state and local income taxes that APO Corp. realizes as a result of these increases in tax basis. In the event that other of our current or future subsidiaries become taxable as corporations and acquire Apollo Operating Group units in the future, or if we become taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, we expect that each will become subject to a tax receivable agreement with substantially similar terms. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement.
NYSE Listing |
We intend to apply for our Class A shares to be listed on the NYSE under the symbol . The listing is subject to approval of our application. |
References in this section to the number of our Class A shares outstanding, and the percent of our voting rights held, exclude:
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240,000,000 Class A shares issuable upon exchange of the Apollo Operating Group units and interests in our Class B share by Holdings on behalf of our managing partners and contributing partners; |
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interests granted or reserved under our equity incentive plan, consisting of: |
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20,477,101 restricted share units, or RSUs, (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the year ended December 31, 2007, subject to vesting, to certain employees and consultants; |
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an additional 10,181,229 RSUs (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the year ended December 31, 2008, subject to vesting, to certain employees and consultants; |
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1,371,685 RSUs (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the year ended December 31, 2009, subject to vesting, to certain employees; |
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7,404,810 RSUs (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the six months ended June 30, 2010, subject to vesting, to certain employees; and |
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effective as of January 1, 2010, 78,706,931 Class A shares were reserved for issuance under the equity incentive plan. Under certain circumstances, the plan is subject to automatic increases annually. As of June 30, 2010, 39,272,106 Class A shares remained available for issuance pursuant to our equity incentive plan. |
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Summary Historical and Other Data
The following summary historical consolidated and combined financial and other data of Apollo Global Management, LLC should be read together with Our Structure, Selected Financial Data, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the historical consolidated and combined financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We derived the summary historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the summary historical consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 from our consolidated and combined financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We derived the summary consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2007 from our audited consolidated and combined financial statements which are not included in this prospectus.
We derived the summary historical condensed consolidated statement of operations of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the summary historical condensed consolidated statement of financial condition data as of June 30, 2010 from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Apollo Global Management, LLC have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) so that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing Apollo Global Management, LLCs unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent.
The summary historical financial data are not indicative of our expected future operating results. In particular, after undergoing the Reorganization on July 13, 2007 and providing liquidation rights to investors of most of the funds we manage on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, Apollo Global Management, LLC no longer consolidates in its financial statements the majority of the funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements.
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Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 (f) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | ||||||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | 406,257 | 384,247 | 192,934 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | 55,045 | 92,998 | 504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 294,725 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
79,280 | 141,709 | 302,874 | 298,434 | 966,728 | (266,705 | ) | 637,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
313,997 | 342,646 | 688,874 | 684,216 | 1,495,010 | 843,600 | 1,450,330 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | 50,252 | 62,622 | 105,968 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | | | | 240,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 22,404 | 14,383 | 33,889 | 76,450 | 81,824 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement (a) |
| | | | | 200,000 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 31,503 | 22,788 | 61,066 | 71,789 | 36,618 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | 29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | 24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
362,110 | 390,957 | 790,600 | 776,725 | 1,706,505 | 1,348,769 | 1,962,727 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
(11,005 | ) | 279,666 | 100,716 | 113,068 | 510,935 | (1,269,100 | ) | 2,279,263 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
|
(19,432 |
) |
| (265 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
|
(1,712 |
) |
|
32,572 |
|
|
6,168 |
|
|
23,134 |
|
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 1,722 | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 662 | 701 | 1,450 | 19,368 | 52,500 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt (b) |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | 36,193 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | | | | | 238,609 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net (c) |
25,264 | 23,218 | 21,906 | 39,151 | 41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(6,585 | ) | 371,942 | 129,187 | 212,247 | 673,101 | (1,311,694 | ) | 2,572,058 | |||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) Income Before Income
|
|
(289,415 |
) |
|
122,694 |
|
|
(358,539 |
) |
|
(266,044 |
) |
(66,676 | ) | (2,927,168 | ) | 1,247,181 | |||||||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | (28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(302,142 | ) | 121,749 | (375,321 | ) | (273,160 | ) | (95,390 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | 1,240,455 | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (d) |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | (107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | (460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group (e) |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | 400,440 | 801,799 | 278,549 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||||||
Dividends Declared per Class A share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.56 | $ | | ||||||||||||||
As of
June 30, |
As of December 31, | |||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||
Statement of Financial Condition Data |
||||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | $ | 5,115,642 | ||||
Debt (excluding obligations of variable interest entities) |
933,031 | 933,834 | 1,026,005 | 1,057,761 | ||||||||
Debt obligations of consolidated variable interest entities |
1,006,548 | | | | ||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
1,856,825 | 1,299,110 | 325,785 | 2,408,329 | ||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests |
2,122,749 | 1,603,146 | 822,843 | 2,312,286 | ||||||||
Operating Metrics (non-U.S. GAAP): |
||||||||||||
Assets Under Management (in millions): |
||||||||||||
Private Equity |
$ | 33,466 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | ||||
Capital Markets |
18,964 | 19,112 | 15,108 | 10,533 | ||||||||
Real Estate |
2,103 | 495 | | | ||||||||
Total AUM |
$ | 54,533 | $ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | ||||
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(a) | Litigation settlement charge was incurred in connection with an agreement with Huntsman to settle certain claims related to Hexions now terminated merger agreement with Huntsman. Insurance reimbursements were subsequently received from the companys professional liability insurance carriers in connection with this settlement, as further discussed in note (c) below. |
(b) | During April and May 2009, the company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a net gain of $36.2 million which is included in other income (loss) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and the consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. |
(c) | During both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, there were $27.5 million of insurance reimbursements received in connection with the litigation settlement, which was included in other income (loss) during the same period. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, there were $15.0 million and $30.0 million, respectively, of insurance reimbursements received. During the year ended December 31, 2009, there were $37.5 million of insurance reimbursements received. |
(d) | Reflects Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA, consolidated variable interest entities and the remaining interests held by certain former employees in the net income (loss) of our capital markets management companies. |
(e) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group relating to the units held by our managing partners and contributing partners post-Reorganization. This amount is calculated by applying the following ownership percentages: |
| July 2007 through February 2009: 71.1% |
| February 2009 through March 2010: 71.5% |
| March 2010 to June 2010: 71.4% |
The above changes in ownership interest arose in connection with our share repurchase in February 2009 and the issuance of Class A shares in settlement of vested RSUs in March 2010.
(f) | Significant impacts to the statement of operations for 2007 are due to (i) the Reorganization, (ii) the deconsolidation of certain funds and (iii) the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
Some of the significant impacts of the above items are as follows:
| Revenue from affiliates increased due to the deconsolidation of certain funds. |
| Compensation and benefits, including non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation increased due to amortization of Apollo Operating Group units, RDUs and RSUs. |
| Interest expense increased as a result of conversion of debt on which the Strategic Investors had a beneficial conversion feature. Additionally, interest expense increased related to the AMH credit facility obtained in April 2007. |
| Professional fees increased due to Apollo Global Management, LLCs formation and ongoing requirements. |
| Net gain from investment activities increased due to increased activity in our consolidated funds through the date of deconsolidation. |
| Non-Controlling Interests changed significantly due to the formation of Holdings and reflects net losses attributable to Holdings post-Reorganization. |
(g) | Economic Net Income, or ENI, is a key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of our segments, as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the companys performance. ENI represents segment income (loss), which excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements. In arriving at adjusted ENI, or Adjusted ENI, the company removes items from ENI that management believes are non-recurring. Management also removes public offering costs, placement fees and litigation settlements and related insurance proceeds to arrive at Adjusted ENI, given that costs incurred to register the Class A shares in connection with this offering and the IPO are not expected to recur after the Class A shares are registered, placement fees are viewed by management as fund start-up costs and litigation settlements similar to the 2008 occurrence are considered infrequent in nature. However, these costs will recur until our shares are registered, and may recur if we raise additional funds or if we reach legal settlements on existing or future legal matters. ENI and Adjusted ENI are measures of profitability and have certain limitations in that they do not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. We believe that ENI and Adjusted ENI are helpful to an understanding of our business and that investors should review the same supplemental financial measures that management use to analyze our segment performance. Refer to Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsManaging Business Performance for a more comprehensive explanation as to how ENI and Adjusted ENI are used to manage and evaluate our business. |
(h) | Private equity dollars invested represents the aggregate amount of capital invested by our private equity funds during a reporting period. |
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Below is a reconciliation of the Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009 through 2007 to ENI and ENI to Adjusted ENI for such periods:
Three Months
Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC: |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||||||
(i) Adjusted for the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
279,960 | 275,592 | 553,606 | 549,508 | 1,100,106 | 1,125,184 | 989,849 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(ii) Income tax provision (benefit) |
12,727 | 945 | 16,782 | 7,116 | 28,714 | (36,995 | ) | 6,726 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(iii) Net loss (income) of Metals Trading Fund |
1,343 | (1,303 | ) | 2,573 | (728 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
(iv) Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (1) |
7,261 | 762 | 9,767 | 1,521 | 7,818 | 14,918 | 4,471 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(v) Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(203,274 | ) | (98,108 | ) | (346,913 | ) | (276,767 | ) | (400,440 | ) | (801,799 | ) | (278,549 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 22,893 | $ | 140,513 | $ | 100,009 | $ | 167,096 | $ | 581,022 | $ | (610,950 | ) | $ | 152,846 | |||||||||||||
Adjustments: (2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expensesbeneficial conversion feature (3) |
| | | | | | 240,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transactional costs on the Strategic Investors note (4) |
| | | | | | 44,327 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense on the Strategic Investors note (5) |
| | | | | | 6,067 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement (6) |
| | | | | 200,000 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance proceeds (7) |
(27,500 | ) | (15,000 | ) | (27,500 | ) | (30,000 | ) | (37,500 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||
Gain from debt repurchase (8) |
| (36,193 | ) | | (36,193 | ) | (36,193 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Public offering costs (9) |
1,879 | 1,006 | 4,006 | 2,762 | 14,681 | 26,777 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Placement fees (10) |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate investment trust offering costs (11) |
| | | | 8,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Reorganization costs (12) |
| | | | | | 16,188 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (2,048 | ) | $ | 91,743 | $ | 81,056 | $ | 107,430 | $ | 542,374 | $ | (332,794 | ) | $ | 486,681 | ||||||||||||
Less: Incentive Business Adjusted Economic Net Income (Loss) |
(38,591 | ) | 69,358 | 27,172 | 58,699 | 425,786 | (503,494 | ) | 386,641 | |||||||||||||||||||
Management Business Adjusted Economic Net Income |
$ | 36,543 | $ | 22,385 | $ | 53,884 | $ | 48,731 | $ | 116,588 | $ | 170,700 | $ | 100,040 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated variable interest entities as such amounts are not included within Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC. Economic Net Income (Loss) is presented on a segment basis and excludes our consolidated funds and variable interest entities. |
(2) | All adjustments relate to the management business. |
(3) | Occurred as part of the conversion of debt issued to our Strategic Investors. This item is specific to our Reorganization. |
(4) | Represents the unamortized debt issuance costs that were associated with the convertible notes, which were written off on the conversion date and are included as a component of interest expense during 2007. This item is specific to our Reorganization. |
(5) | Represents the interest expense that was incurred on the convertible notes prior to their mandatory conversion, and are included as a component of interest expense during 2007. This item is specific to our Reorganization. |
(6) | Occurred as a result of a litigation settlement related to Hexions now-terminated merger agreement with Huntsman. |
(7) | Related to insurance proceeds received from the litigation settlement referenced in note (6). |
(8) | Resulted from the companys acquisition of a portion of the AMH credit facility. This repurchase may not recur in the future. |
(9) | Costs incurred to register the Class A shares in connection with this offering and the IPO, which the company will only incur until its shares are registered. |
(10) | Costs incurred in connection with raising a new fund. The costs are recorded as an expense in the period the commitment is received from third parties. Our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds have a fixed size and fundraising stops after the fund size has been reached. These costs may recur if we raise additional funds. |
(11) | Costs incurred in connection with the initial public offering of ARIs common stock, which were contractually incurred by the company for the benefit of ARI. |
(12) | Costs incurred in connection with the Private Offering Transactions. |
Note: | As a result of the adoption of U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to Non-Controlling Interests, the presentation and disclosure of all periods presented were impacted as follows: (1) Non-Controlling Interests were reclassified as a separate component of shareholders equity on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) net (loss) income was adjusted to include the net (loss) income attributed to the Non-Controlling Interests on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the companys condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in AAA from the interests of the company, and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. |
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Investing in our Class A shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, as well as other information contained in this prospectus, before deciding to invest in our Class A shares. The occurrence of any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our businesses, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow, in which case, the trading price of our Class A shares could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.
You may be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on your share of our taxable income, regardless of whether you receive any cash dividends from us.
Under current law, so long as we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act and 90% of our gross income for each taxable year constitutes qualifying income within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code on a continuing basis, we will be treated, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. You will be subject to U.S. Federal, state, local and possibly, in some cases, foreign income taxation on your allocable share of our items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit for each of our taxable years ending with or within your taxable year, regardless of whether or not you receive cash distributions from us. Accordingly, you may be required to make tax payments in connection with your ownership of Class A shares that significantly exceed your cash distributions in any specific year.
If we are treated as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, the value of the Class A shares would be adversely affected.
The value of your investment will depend in part on our company being treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, which requires that 90% or more of our gross income for every taxable year consist of qualifying income, as defined in Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code, and that we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act and related rules. Although we intend to manage our affairs so that our partnership will meet the 90% test described above in each taxable year, we may not meet these requirements or, as discussed below, current law may change so as to cause, in either event, our partnership to be treated as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. If we were treated as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, (i) we would become subject to corporate income tax and (ii) distributions to shareholders would be taxable as dividends for U.S. Federal income tax purposes to the extent of our earnings and profits. We have not requested, and do not plan to request, a ruling from the IRS on this or any other matter affecting us. OMelveny & Myers LLP has provided an opinion to us based on factual statements and representations made by us, including statements and representations as to the manner in which we intend to manage our affairs and the composition of our income, that we will be treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. However, opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or any court, and the IRS may challenge this conclusion and a court may sustain such a challenge.
The U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects.
The U.S. Congress, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department are currently examining the U.S. Federal income tax treatment of private equity funds, hedge funds and other kinds of investment partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of a holder of Class A shares and/or our own taxation as described under Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations may be adversely affected by any new legislation, new regulations or revised interpretations of existing tax law that arise as a result of such
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examinations. Most notably, on May 28, 2010, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation that would, in general, treat income and gains, including gain on sale, attributable to an interest in an investment services partnership interest, or ISPI, as income subject to a new blended tax rate that is higher than under current law, except to the extent such ISPI is considered under the legislation to be a qualified capital interest. The interests of Class A shareholders and our interests in the Apollo Operating Group that are entitled to receive carried interest may be classified as ISPIs for purposes of this legislation. The U.S. Senate considered but did not pass legislation that is generally similar to the legislation passed by the U.S. House of Representatives. It is unclear when or whether the U.S. Senate will act on such legislation or what provisions will be included in any final legislation, if enacted.
The House bill provides that, for taxable years beginning ten years after the date of enactment, income derived with respect to an ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest and that is treated as ordinary income under the rules discussed above will not meet the qualifying income requirements under the publicly traded partnership rules. Therefore, if this or similar legislation is enacted, following such ten-year period, we would be precluded from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or be required to hold all such ISPIs through corporations, possibly U.S. corporations. If we were taxed as a U.S. corporation or required to hold all ISPIs through corporations, our effective tax rate would increase significantly. The federal statutory rate for corporations is currently 35%. In addition, we could be subject to increased state and local taxes. Furthermore, holders of Class A shares could be subject to tax on our conversion into a corporation or any restructuring required in order for us to hold our ISPIs through a corporation.
Under the House bill, if you are an individual, 75% of the income and gains attributable to an interest in an ISPI would be taxed at ordinary income tax rates (50% during a two-year transition period). A version considered in the Senate would eliminate the transition period but would reduce the portion of income and gains attributable to an ISPI that are taxed at ordinary income tax rates to 50% for income and gains attributable to assets held by the partnership for more than five years. The deductibility of any losses attributable to any ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest would be subject to limitations. In addition, any dividends that are attributable to an ISPI directly or indirectly held by us would not be considered qualified dividends and, therefore, would not be entitled to reduced rates of taxation currently available for qualified dividends through 2010. Holders of Class A shares may also be subject to additional state and local tax as a result of the legislation. While the legislation does not specifically address whether income or gains that are attributable to an interest in an ISPI are treated as taxable income which is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, or ECI, or as unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI, the technical explanation accompanying the legislation indicates that, under regulations to be promulgated following enactment, such income or gains should only be treated as ECI or UBTI to the extent it would be treated as such under current law. Apollos principals and other professionals may face additional adverse tax consequences under the legislation, which may thereby adversely affect Apollos ability to offer attractive incentive opportunities for key personnel.
Additionally, President Obama endorsed legislation to tax carried interest as ordinary income in the 2010 and 2011 budget blueprint. Legislation similar to the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010, as well as legislation that would tax, as corporations, publicly traded partnerships that directly or indirectly derive income from investment adviser or asset management services was introduced in prior sessions of Congress. None of these legislative proposals affecting the tax treatment of our carried interests, or of our ability to qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, have yet been enacted. Furthermore, it is possible that the U.S. Federal income tax law could be changed in ways that would adversely affect the anticipated tax consequences for us and/or the holders of Class A shares as described herein. For example, there could be changes that could adversely affect the taxation of tax-exempt and/or non-U.S. holders of Class A shares, by treating carried interest income as fees for services (which generally would be taxable to tax-exempt investors and non-U.S. holders).
Other jurisdictions have also introduced legislation to increase taxes with respect to carried interest. For instance, on June 29, 2010, the New York State Legislature introduced legislation to expand New Yorks non- resident personal income to include carried interest. If passed, this legislation would be retroactive to January 1,
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2010. It is unclear whether this legislation or other legislation will be enacted. Finally, because of widespread state budget deficits, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise or other forms of taxation. If any state were to impose a tax upon us as an entity, our distribution to you would be reduced.
It is unclear whether any additional legislation will be proposed or enacted or, if enacted, whether and how the legislation would apply to us and/or the holders of Class A shares, and it is unclear whether any other such tax law changes will occur or, if they do, how they might affect us and/or the holders of Class A shares. In view of the potential significance of any such U.S. Federal income tax law changes and the fact that there are likely to be ongoing developments in this area, each prospective holder of Class A shares should consult its own tax advisor to determine the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to it of acquiring and holding Class A shares in light of such potential U.S. Federal income tax law changes.
Our structure involves complex provisions of U.S. Federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. Our structure is also subject to potential legislative, judicial or administrative change and differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis.
The U.S. Federal income tax treatment of holders of Class A shares depends in some instances on determinations of fact and interpretations of complex provisions of U.S. Federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. You should be aware that the U.S. Federal income tax rules are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department, frequently resulting in revised interpretations of established concepts, statutory changes, revisions to regulations and other modifications and interpretations. The IRS pays close attention to the proper application of tax laws to partnerships and entities taxed as partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of an investment in our Class A shares may be modified by administrative, legislative or judicial interpretation at any time, and any such action may affect investments and commitments previously made. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
Our operating agreement permits our manager to modify our operating agreement from time to time, without the consent of the holders of Class A shares, to address certain changes in U.S. Federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation. In some circumstances, such revisions could have a material adverse impact on some or all holders of Class A shares. For instance, our manager could elect at some point to treat us as an association taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes. If our manager were to do this, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning our common units would be materially different. Moreover, we will apply certain assumptions and conventions in an attempt to comply with applicable rules and to report income, gain, deduction, loss and credit to holders of Class A shares in a manner that reflects such beneficial ownership of items by holders of Class A shares, taking into account variation in ownership interests during each taxable year because of trading activity. However, those assumptions and conventions may not be in compliance with all aspects of applicable tax requirements. It is possible that the IRS will assert successfully that the conventions and assumptions used by us do not satisfy the technical requirements of the Internal Revenue Code and/or Treasury regulations and could require that items of income, gain, deductions, loss or credit, including interest deductions, be adjusted, reallocated or disallowed in a manner that adversely affects holders of Class A shares.
The interest in certain of our businesses will be held through entities that will be treated as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes; such corporations may be liable for significant taxes and may create other adverse tax consequences, which could potentially, adversely affect the value of your investment.
In light of the publicly traded partnership rules under U.S. Federal income tax law and other requirements, the partnership will hold its interest in certain of our businesses through entities that will be treated as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Each such corporation could be liable for
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significant U.S. Federal income taxes and applicable state, local and other taxes that would not otherwise be incurred, which could adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, it is possible that the IRS could challenge the manner in which such corporations taxable income is computed by us.
We may hold or acquire certain investments through an entity classified as a PFIC or CFC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes.
Certain of our investments may be in foreign corporations or may be acquired through a foreign subsidiary that would be classified as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Such an entity may be a passive foreign investment company, or a PFIC, or a controlled foreign corporation, or a CFC, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. For example, APO (FC), LLC is considered to be a CFC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Class A shareholders indirectly owning an interest in a PFIC or a CFC may experience adverse U.S. tax consequences including the recognition of taxable income prior to the receipt of cash relating to such income. In addition, gain on the sale of a PFIC or CFC may be taxable at ordinary income tax rates. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of Holders of Class A SharesPassive Foreign Investment Companies and Controlled Foreign Corporations.
Complying with certain tax-related requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive business or investment opportunities or enter into acquisitions, borrowings, financings or arrangements we may not have otherwise entered into.
In order for us to be treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation, we must meet the qualifying income exception discussed above on a continuing basis and we must not be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. In order to effect such treatment we (or our subsidiaries) may be required to invest through foreign or domestic corporations, forego attractive business or investment opportunities or enter into borrowings or financings we may not have otherwise entered into. This may cause us to incur additional tax liability and/or adversely affect our ability to operate solely to maximize our cash flow. Our structure also may impede our ability to engage in certain corporate acquisitive transactions because we generally intend to hold all of our assets through the Apollo Operating Group. In addition, we may be unable to participate in certain corporate reorganization transactions that would be tax free to our holders if we were a corporation. To the extent we hold assets other than through the Apollo Operating Group, we will make appropriate adjustments to the Apollo Operating Group agreements so that distributions to Holdings and us would be the same as if such assets were held at that level. Moreover, we are precluded by a contract with one of the Strategic Investors from acquiring assets in a manner that would cause that Strategic Investor to be engaged in a commercial activity within the meaning of Section 892 of the Internal Revenue Code.
Tax gain or loss on disposition of our Class A shares could be more or less than expected.
If you sell your Class A shares, you will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and your adjusted tax basis allocated to those Class A shares. Prior distributions to you in excess of the total net taxable income allocated to you will have decreased the tax basis in your Class A shares. Therefore, such excess distributions will increase your taxable gain, or decrease your taxable loss, when the Class A shares are sold and may result in a taxable gain even if the sale price is less than the original cost. A portion of the amount realized, whether or not representing gain, may be ordinary income to you.
We cannot match transferors and transferees of Class A shares, and we will therefore adopt certain income tax accounting conventions that may not conform with all aspects of applicable tax requirements. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could adversely affect the value of our Class A shares.
Because we cannot match transferors and transferees of Class A shares, we will adopt depreciation, amortization and other tax accounting positions that may not conform with all aspects of existing Treasury regulations. A successful IRS challenge to those positions could adversely affect the amount of tax benefits available to holders of Class A shares. It also could affect the timing of these tax benefits or the amount of gain on the sale of Class A shares and could have a negative impact on the value of Class A shares or result in audits of and adjustments to the tax returns of holders of Class A shares.
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Non-U.S. persons face unique U.S. tax issues from owning our shares that may result in adverse tax consequences to them.
We believe that we will not be treated as engaged in a trade or business for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and, therefore, non-U.S. holders of Class A shares will generally not be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on interest, dividends and gains derived from non-U.S. sources. It is possible, however, that the IRS could disagree or that the tax laws and regulations could change and we could be deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business, which would have a material adverse effect on non-U.S. holders. If we have income that is treated as effectively connected to a U.S. trade or business, non-U.S. holders would be required to file a U.S. Federal income tax return to report that income and would be subject to U.S. Federal income tax at the regular graduated rates. Holders likely will be required to file state and local income tax returns and pay state and local income taxes in some or all jurisdictions where we operate. It is the responsibility of each holder to file all U.S. Federal, state and local tax returns that may be required of such holder. Our counsel has not rendered an opinion on the state or local tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares.
An investment in Class A shares will give rise to UBTI to certain tax-exempt holders.
We will not make investments through taxable U.S. corporations solely for the purpose of limiting UBTI from debt-financed property and, thus, an investment in Class A shares will give rise to UBTI to tax-exempt holders of Class A shares. APO Asset Co., LLC may borrow funds from APO Corp. or third parties from time to time to make investments. These investments will give rise to UBTI from debt-financed property. Moreover, if the IRS successfully asserts that we are engaged in a trade or business, then additional amounts of income could be treated as UBTI.
We do not intend to make, or cause to be made, an election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code to adjust our asset basis or the asset basis of certain of the Group Partnerships. Thus, a holder of Class A shares could be allocated more taxable income in respect of those Class A shares prior to disposition than if such an election were made.
We did not make and currently do not intend to make, or cause to be made, an election to adjust asset basis under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to us, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. If no such election is made, there will generally be no adjustment for a transferee of Class A shares even if the purchase price of those Class A shares is higher than the Class A shares share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. In that case, on a sale of an asset, gain allocable to a transferee could include built-in gain allocable to the transferor at the time of the transfer, which built-in gain would otherwise generally be eliminated if a Section 754 election had been made. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersTax Elections.
Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure
Members of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares.
On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed H.R. 4213, the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010. If enacted, this bill would cause portions of income associated with carried interest to be taxed as ordinary income and not treated as qualifying income for purposes of the publicly traded partnership tests. This would have the effect of treating publicly traded partnerships that derive substantial amounts of income from carried interests as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Such legislation does
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provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. See Risks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects.
Our shareholders do not elect our manager or vote and have limited ability to influence decisions regarding our businesses.
So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager, AGM Management, LLC, which is owned by our managing partners, will manage all of our operations and activities. AGM Management, LLC is managed by BRH, a Cayman entity owned by our managing partners and managed by an executive committee composed of our managing partners. Our shareholders do not elect our manager, its manager or its managers executive committee and, unlike the holders of common stock in a corporation, have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our businesses and therefore limited ability to influence decisions regarding our businesses. Furthermore, if our shareholders are dissatisfied with the performance of our manager, they will have little ability to remove our manager. As discussed below, the managing partners collectively have 87.1% of the voting power of Apollo Global Management, LLC. Therefore, they will have the ability to control any shareholder vote that occurs, including any vote regarding the removal of our manager.
Control by our managing partners of the combined voting power of our shares and holding their economic interests through the Apollo Operating Group may give rise to conflicts of interests.
Our managing partners, through their partnership interests in Holdings, control 87.1% of the combined voting power of our shares entitled to vote. Accordingly, our managing partners have the ability to control our management and affairs to the extent not controlled by our manager. In addition, they are able to determine the outcome of all matters requiring shareholder approval (such as a proposed sale of all or substantially of our assets, the approval of a merger or consolidation involving the company, and an election by our manager to dissolve the company) and are able to cause or prevent a change of control of our company and could preclude any unsolicited acquisition of our company. The control of voting power by our managing partners could deprive Class A shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their Class A shares as part of a sale of our company, and might ultimately affect the market price of the Class A shares.
In addition, our managing partners and contributing partners, through their partnership interests in Holdings, are entitled to 71.4% of Apollo Operating Groups economic returns through the Apollo Operating Group units owned by Holdings as of June 30, 2010. Because they hold their economic interest in our businesses directly through the Apollo Operating Group, rather than through the issuer of the Class A shares, our managing partners and contributing partners may have conflicting interests with holders of Class A shares. For example, our managing partners and contributing partners may have different tax positions from us, which could influence their decisions regarding whether and when to dispose of assets, and whether and when to incur new or refinance existing indebtedness, especially in light of the existence of the tax receivable agreement. In addition, the structuring of future transactions may take into consideration the managing partners and contributing partners tax considerations even where no similar benefit would accrue to us.
We expect to qualify for and intend to rely on exceptions from certain corporate governance and other requirements under the rules of the NYSE.
We expect to qualify for exceptions from certain corporate governance and other requirements of the rules of the NYSE. Pursuant to these exceptions, we will elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements of the NYSE, including the requirements (i) that a majority of our board of directors consist of independent directors, (ii) that we have a nominating/corporate governance committee that is composed entirely of independent directors and (iii) that we have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of
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independent directors. In addition, we will not be required to hold annual meetings of our shareholders. Accordingly, you will not have the same protections afforded to equityholders of entities that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.
Potential conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders on the other hand. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders.
Conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders, on the other hand. As a result of these conflicts, our manager may favor its own interests and the interests of its affiliates over the interests of us and our shareholders. These conflicts include, among others, the conflicts described below.
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Our manager determines the amount and timing of our investments and dispositions, indebtedness, issuances of additional stock and amounts of reserves, each of which can affect the amount of cash that is available for distribution to you. |
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Our manager is allowed to take into account the interests of parties other than us in resolving conflicts of interest, which has the effect of limiting its duties (including fiduciary duties) to our shareholders; for example, our affiliates that serve as general partners of our funds have fiduciary and contractual obligations to our fund investors, and such obligations may cause such affiliates to regularly take actions that might adversely affect our near-term results of operations or cash flow; our manager has no obligation to intervene in, or to notify our shareholders of, such actions by such affiliates. |
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Because our managing partners and contributing partners hold their Apollo Operating Group units through entities that are not subject to corporate income taxation and Apollo Global Management, LLC holds the Apollo Operating Group units in part through a wholly-owned subsidiary that is subject to corporate income taxation, conflicts may arise between our managing partners and contributing partners, on the one hand, and Apollo Global Management, LLC, on the other hand, relating to the selection and structuring of investments. |
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Other than as set forth in the non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality agreements to which our managing partners and other professionals are subject, which may not be enforceable, affiliates of our manager and existing and former personnel employed by our manager are not prohibited from engaging in other businesses or activities, including those that might be in direct competition with us. |
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Our manager has limited its liability and reduced or eliminated its duties (including fiduciary duties) under our operating agreement, while also restricting the remedies available to our shareholders for actions that, without these limitations, might constitute breaches of duty (including fiduciary duty). In addition, we have agreed to indemnify our manager and its affiliates to the fullest extent permitted by law, except with respect to conduct involving bad faith, fraud or willful misconduct. By purchasing our Class A shares, you will have agreed and consented to the provisions set forth in our operating agreement, including the provisions regarding conflicts of interest situations that, in the absence of such provisions, might constitute a breach of fiduciary or other duties under applicable state law. |
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Our operating agreement does not restrict our manager from causing us to pay it or its affiliates for any services rendered, or from entering into additional contractual arrangements with any of these entities on our behalf, so long as the terms of any such additional contractual arrangements are fair and reasonable to us as determined under the operating agreement. |
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Our manager determines how much debt we incur and that decision may adversely affect our credit ratings. |
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Our manager determines which costs incurred by it and its affiliates are reimbursable by us. |
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Our manager controls the enforcement of obligations owed to us by it and its affiliates. |
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Our manager decides whether to retain separate counsel, accountants or others to perform services for us. |
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See Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions and Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Responsibilities for a more detailed discussion of these conflicts.
Our operating agreement contains provisions that reduce or eliminate duties (including fiduciary duties) of our manager and limit remedies available to shareholders for actions that might otherwise constitute a breach of duty. It will be difficult for a shareholder to challenge a resolution of a conflict of interest by our manager or by its conflicts committee.
Our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides that when our manager is acting in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our manager, it may act without any fiduciary obligations to us or our shareholders whatsoever. When our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable, then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting us or any of our shareholders and will not be subject to any different standards imposed by our operating agreement, the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act or under any other law, rule or regulation or in equity.
Whenever a potential conflict of interest exists between us and our manager, our manager may resolve such conflict of interest. If our manager determines that its resolution of the conflict of interest is on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties or is fair and reasonable to us, taking into account the totality of the relationships between us and our manager, then it will be presumed that in making this determination, our manager acted in good faith. A shareholder seeking to challenge this resolution of the conflict of interest would bear the burden of overcoming such presumption. This is different from the situation with Delaware corporations, where a conflict resolution by an interested party would be presumed to be unfair and the interested party would have the burden of demonstrating that the resolution was fair.
The above modifications of fiduciary duties are expressly permitted by Delaware law. Hence, we and our shareholders will only have recourse and be able to seek remedies against our manager if our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement. Unless our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement, we and our unitholders will not have any recourse against our manager even if our manager were to act in a manner that was inconsistent with traditional fiduciary duties. Furthermore, even if there has been a breach of the obligations set forth in our operating agreement, our operating agreement provides that our manager and its officers and directors will not be liable to us or our shareholders for errors of judgment or for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that the manager or its officers and directors acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. These provisions are detrimental to the shareholders because they restrict the remedies available to them for actions that without those limitations might constitute breaches of duty, including fiduciary duties.
Also, if our manager obtains the approval of its conflicts committee, the resolution will be conclusively deemed to be fair and reasonable to us and not a breach by our manager of any duties it may owe to us or our shareholders. This is different from the situation with Delaware corporations, where a conflict resolution by a committee consisting solely of independent directors may, in certain circumstances, merely shift the burden of demonstrating unfairness to the plaintiff. If you purchase a Class A share, you will be treated as having consented to the provisions set forth in the operating agreement, including provisions regarding conflicts of interest situations that, in the absence of such provisions, might be considered a breach of fiduciary or other duties under applicable state law. As a result, shareholders will, as a practical matter, not be able to successfully challenge an informed decision by the conflicts committee. See Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Responsibilities.
The control of our manager may be transferred to a third party without shareholder consent.
Our manager may transfer its manager interest to a third party in a merger or consolidation or in a transfer of all or substantially all of its assets without the consent of our shareholders. Furthermore, at any time, the partners
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of our manager may sell or transfer all or part of their partnership interests in our manager without the approval of the shareholders, subject to certain restrictions as described elsewhere in this prospectus. A new manager may not be willing or able to form new funds and could form funds that have investment objectives and governing terms that differ materially from those of our current funds. A new owner could also have a different investment philosophy, employ investment professionals who are less experienced, be unsuccessful in identifying investment opportunities or have a track record that is not as successful as Apollos track record. If any of the foregoing were to occur, we could experience difficulty in making new investments, and the value of our existing investments, our businesses, our results of operations and our financial condition could materially suffer.
Our ability to pay regular dividends may be limited by our holding company structure. We are dependent on distributions from the Apollo Operating Group to pay dividends, taxes and other expenses.
As a holding company, our ability to pay dividends will be subject to the ability of our subsidiaries to provide cash to us. We intend to distribute quarterly dividends to our Class A shareholders. Accordingly, we expect to cause the Apollo Operating Group to make distributions to its unitholders (in other words, Holdings, which is 100% owned, directly and indirectly, by our managing partners and our contributing partners, and the three intermediate holding companies, which are 100% owned by us), pro rata in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay such dividends to our Class A shareholders; however, such distributions may not be made. In addition, our manager can reduce or eliminate our dividend at any time, in its discretion. The Apollo Operating Group intends to make periodic distributions to its unitholders in amounts sufficient to cover hypothetical income tax obligations attributable to allocations of taxable income resulting from their ownership interest in the various limited partnerships making up the Apollo Operating Group, subject to compliance with any financial covenants or other obligations. Tax distributions will be calculated assuming each shareholder was subject to the maximum (corporate or individual, whichever is higher) combined U.S. Federal, New York State and New York City tax rates, without regard to whether any shareholder was subject to income tax liability at those rates. If the Apollo Operating Group has insufficient funds, we may have to borrow additional funds or sell assets, which could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition. Furthermore, by paying that cash distribution rather than investing that cash in our business, we might risk slowing the pace of our growth or not having a sufficient amount of cash to fund our operations, new investments or unanticipated capital expenditures, should the need arise. Because tax distributions to unitholders are made without regard to their particular tax situation, tax distributions to all unitholders, including our intermediate holding companies, were increased to reflect the disproportionate income allocation to our managing partners and contributing partners with respect to built-in gain assets at the time of the Private Offering Transactions.
There may be circumstances under which we are restricted from paying dividends under applicable law or regulation (for example, due to Delaware limited partnership or limited liability company act limitations on making distributions if liabilities of the entity after the distribution would exceed the value of the entitys assets). In addition, under the AMH credit facility, Apollo Management Holdings is restricted in its ability to make cash distributions to us and may be forced to use cash to collateralize the AMH credit facility, which would reduce the cash it has available to make distributions.
Tax consequences to our managing partners and contributing partners may give rise to conflicts of interests.
As a result of unrealized built-in gain attributable to the value of our assets held by the Apollo Operating Group entities at the time of the Private Offering Transactions, upon the sale, refinancing or disposition of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group entities, our managing partners and contributing partners will incur different and significantly greater tax liabilities as a result of the disproportionately greater allocations of items of taxable income and gain to the managing partners and contributing partners upon a realization event. As the managing partners and contributing partners will not receive a corresponding greater distribution of cash proceeds, they may, subject to applicable fiduciary or contractual duties, have different objectives regarding the appropriate pricing, timing and other material terms of any sale, refinancing, or disposition, or whether to sell such assets at all. Decisions made with respect to an acceleration or deferral of income or the sale or disposition of assets with unrealized built-in gains may also influence the timing and amount of payments that are received by an exchanging or selling founder or partner under the tax receivable agreement. All other factors being equal,
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earlier disposition of assets with unrealized built-in gains following such exchange will tend to accelerate such payments and increase the present value of the tax receivable agreement, and disposition of assets with unrealized built-in gains before an exchange will increase a managing partners or contributing partners tax liability without giving rise to any rights to receive payments under the tax receivable agreement. Decisions made regarding a change of control also could have a material influence on the timing and amount of payments received by our managing partners and contributing partners pursuant to the tax receivable agreement.
We will be required to pay Holdings for most of the actual tax benefits we realize as a result of the tax basis step-up we receive in connection with taxable exchanges by our units held in the Apollo Operating Group entities or our acquisitions of units from our managing partners and contributing partners.
On a quarterly basis, each managing partner and contributing partner will have the right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds through his partnership interest in Holdings for our Class A shares in a partially taxable transaction. These exchanges, as well as our acquisitions of units from our managing partners or contributing partners, may result in increases in the tax basis of the intangible assets of the Apollo Operating Group that otherwise would not have been available. Any such increases may reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future. The IRS may challenge all or part of these increased deductions and tax basis increases and a court could sustain such a challenge.
We have entered into a tax receivable agreement with Holdings that provides for the payment by APO Corp. to our managing partners and contributing partners of 85% of the amount of actual tax savings, if any, that APO Corp. realizes (or is deemed to realize in the case of an early termination payment by APO Corp. or a change of control, as discussed below) as a result of these increases in tax deductions and tax basis of the Apollo Operating Group. APO Corp. made payments of $3.7 million and $9.1 million in 2008 and 2009, respectively, pursuant to the tax receivable agreement. The Apollo Operating Group made total distributions of $27.0 million and $18.1 million in 2009 and 2008 to APO Corp. and Holdings, respectively, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement. $17.9 million and $14.4 million of such distributions were distributed to the managing partners and contributing partners in 2009 and 2008, respectively. Future payments that APO Corp. may make to our managing partners and contributing partners could be material in amount. In the event that other of our current or future subsidiaries become taxable as corporations and acquire Apollo Operating Group units in the future, or if we become taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, we expect, and have agreed that, each will become subject to a tax receivable agreement with substantially similar terms.
The IRS could challenge our claim to any increase in the tax basis of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group that results from the exchanges entered into by the managing partners or contributing partners. The IRS could also challenge any additional tax depreciation and amortization deductions or other tax benefits (including deductions for imputed interest expense associated with payments made under the tax receivable agreement) we claim as a result of, or in connection with, such increases in the tax basis of such assets. If the IRS were to successfully challenge a tax basis increase or tax benefits we previously claimed from a tax basis increase, Holdings would not be obligated under the tax receivable agreement to reimburse APO Corp. for any payments previously made to them (although any future payments would be adjusted to reflect the result of such challenge). As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made to our managing partners and contributing partners under the tax receivable agreement in excess of 85% of the actual aggregate cash tax savings of APO Corp. APO Corp.s ability to achieve benefits from any tax basis increase and the payments to be made under this agreement will depend upon a number of factors, including the timing and amount of its future income.
In addition, the tax receivable agreement provides that, upon a merger, asset sale or other form of business combination or certain other changes of control, APO Corp.s (or its successors) obligations with respect to exchanged or acquired units (whether exchanged or acquired before or after such change of control) would be based on certain assumptions, including that APO Corp. would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement.
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If we were deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions could make it impractical for us to continue our businesses as contemplated and could have a material adverse effect on our businesses and the price of our Class A shares.
We do not believe that we are an investment company under the Investment Company Act because the nature of our assets and the income derived from those assets allow us to rely on the exception provided by Rule 3a-1 issued under the Investment Company Act. In addition, we believe we are not an investment company under Section 3(b)(1) of the Investment Company Act because we are primarily engaged in non-investment company businesses. We intend to conduct our operations so that we will not be deemed an investment company. However, if we were to be deemed an investment company, we would be taxed as a corporation and other restrictions imposed by the Investment Company Act, including limitations on our capital structure and our ability to transact with affiliates that apply to us, could make it impractical for us to continue our businesses as contemplated and would have a material adverse effect on our businesses and the price of our Class A shares.
Risks Related to Our Businesses
Poor performance of our funds would cause a decline in our revenue and results of operations, may obligate us to repay incentive income previously paid to us and would adversely affect our ability to raise capital for future funds.
We derive revenues in part from:
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management fees, which are based generally on the amount of capital invested in our funds; |
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transaction and advisory fees relating to the investments our funds make; |
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incentive income, based on the performance of our funds; and |
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investment income from our investments as general partner. |
If a fund performs poorly, we will receive little or no incentive income with regard to the fund and little income or possibly losses from any principal investment in the fund. Furthermore, if, as a result of poor performance of later investments in a private equity funds or a certain capital markets funds life, the fund does not achieve total investment returns that exceed a specified investment return threshold for the life of the fund, we will be obligated to repay the amount by which incentive income that was previously distributed to us exceeds amounts to which we are ultimately entitled. Our fund investors and potential fund investors continually assess our funds performance and our ability to raise capital. Accordingly, poor fund performance may deter future investment in our funds and thereby decrease the capital invested in our funds and ultimately, our management fee income.
We depend on Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, and the loss of any of their services would have a material adverse effect on us.
The success of our businesses depends on the efforts, judgment and personal reputations of our managing partners, Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan. Their reputations, expertise in investing, relationships with our fund investors and relationships with members of the business community on whom our funds depend for investment opportunities and financing are each critical elements in operating and expanding our businesses. We believe our performance is strongly correlated to the performance of these individuals. Accordingly, our retention of our managing partners is crucial to our success. Retaining our managing partners could require us to incur significant compensation expense after the expiration of their current employment agreements in 2012. Our managing partners may resign, join our competitors or form a competing firm at any time. If any of our managing partners were to join or form a competitor, some of our investors could choose to invest with that competitor rather than in our funds. The loss of the services of any of our managing partners would have a material adverse effect on us, including our ability to retain and attract investors and raise new funds, and the performance of our funds. We do not carry any key man insurance that would provide us with proceeds in the event of the death or disability of any of our managing partners. In addition, the loss of one or more of our managing partners may result in the termination of our role as general partner of one or more of our funds and the acceleration of our debt.
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Although in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction, our managing partners entered into employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreements, which impose certain restrictions on competition and solicitation of our employees by our managing partners if they terminate their employment, a court may not enforce these provisions. See ManagementNarrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableEmployment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement with Chief Executive Officer for a more detailed description of the terms of the agreement for one of our managing partners. In addition, although the Agreement Among Managing Partners imposes vesting and forfeiture requirements on the managing partners in the event any of them terminates their employment, we, our shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors, as described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision of this agreement or to prevent the managing partners from amending the agreement or waiving any of its provisions, including the forfeiture provisions. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners for a more detailed description of the terms of this agreement.
Recent developments in the global financial markets have created a great deal of uncertainty for the asset management industry, and these developments may adversely affect the investments made by our funds or their portfolio companies or reduce the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could further materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow.
Recent developments in the U.S. and global financial markets have illustrated that the current environment is one of extraordinary and unprecedented uncertainty and instability for asset management businesses. With global credit markets experiencing substantial disruption (especially in the mortgage finance markets) and liquidity shortages, financial instability spread globally. In response to spreading financial difficulties, on October 3, 2008 the U.S. government passed the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorizes the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury to purchase up to $700 billion in distressed mortgage-related assets from financial institutions. On October 7, 2008, the U.S. Federal Reserve announced it would create a special-purpose facility to begin buying commercial paper to stabilize financial markets. On October 8, 2008, the U.K. announced a plan to recapitalize some of the countrys largest financial institutions by investing up to £25 billion (approximately $44 billion) of equity capital, providing a guarantee for short- and medium-term debt issued by the banks of around £250 billion and providing additional liquidity of at least £200 billion through the Bank of Englands Special Liquidity Scheme and relaxing some of the criteria for lending under such Scheme. On October 14, 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced the development of a capital purchase program under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act pursuant to which the Treasury may purchase up to $250 billion of senior preferred shares in certain U.S. financial institutions. Although market conditions have recently shown some signs of improvement, there can be no assurances that conditions in the global financial markets will not worsen and/or further adversely affect our investments, access to leverage and overall performance.
In addition, over the past two years, the U.S. government has taken a number of steps to attempt to stabilize the global financial markets and the U.S. economy, including direct government investments in, and guarantees of, troubled financial institutions as well as government-sponsored programs such as TALF and the Public Private Investment Partnership Program, or PIPP. Members of Congress are also currently evaluating an array of other measures and programs that are intended to help improve U.S. financial and market conditions. While conditions appear to have improved relative to the depths of the global financial crisis, it is not clear whether this improvement is real or will last for a significant period of time. Moreover, it is not clear what impact the governments future plans to improve the global economy and financial markets will have on our business.
Changes in the debt financing markets have negatively impacted the ability of our funds and their portfolio companies to obtain attractive financing for their investments and have increased the cost of such financing if it is obtained, which could lead to lower-yielding investments and potentially decreasing our net income.
Since the latter half of 2007, the markets for debt financing have contracted significantly, particularly in the area of acquisition financings for private equity and leveraged buyout transactions. Large commercial and
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investment banks, which have traditionally provided such financing, have demanded higher rates, higher equity requirements as part of private equity investments, more restrictive covenants and generally more onerous terms in order to provide such financing, and in some cases are refusing to provide financing for acquisitions, the type of which would have been readily financed in earlier years.
In the event that our funds are unable to obtain committed debt financing for potential acquisitions or can only obtain debt at an increased interest rate or on unfavorable terms, our funds may have difficulty completing otherwise profitable acquisitions or may generate profits that are lower than would otherwise be the case, either of which could lead to a decrease in the investment income earned by us. Any failure by lenders to provide previously committed financing can also expose us to potential claims by sellers of businesses which we may have contracted to purchase. Similarly, the portfolio companies owned by our private equity funds regularly utilize the corporate debt markets in order to obtain financing for their operations. To the extent that the current credit markets have rendered such financing difficult to obtain or more expensive, this may negatively impact the operating performance of those portfolio companies and, therefore, the investment returns on our funds. In addition, to the extent that the current markets make it difficult or impossible to refinance debt that is maturing in the near term, the relevant portfolio company may face substantial doubt as to its status as a going concern (which may result in an event of default under various agreements) or be unable to repay such debt at maturity and may be forced to sell assets, undergo a recapitalization or seek bankruptcy protection.
Difficult market conditions may adversely affect our businesses in many ways, including by reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow and adversely affect our financial prospects and condition.
Our businesses are materially affected by conditions in the global financial markets and economic conditions throughout the world, such as interest rates, availability of credit, inflation rates, economic uncertainty, changes in laws (including laws relating to taxation), trade barriers, commodity prices, currency exchange rates and controls and national and international political circumstances (including wars, terrorist acts or security operations). These factors are outside our control and may affect the level and volatility of securities prices and the liquidity and the value of investments, and we may not be able to or may choose not to manage our exposure to these conditions. The market conditions surrounding each of our businesses, and in particular our private equity business, had been quite favorable for a number of years through early 2008. A significant portion of the investments of our private equity funds were made during this period. Market conditions, however, significantly deteriorated in 2008 and 2009 and generally remain at depressed levels. Global financial markets have experienced considerable volatility in the valuations of equity and debt securities, a contraction in the availability of credit and the failure of a number of leading financial institutions. Many economies around the world, including the U.S. economy, have experienced and continue to experience significant declines in employment, household wealth, and lending. These events have led to a significantly diminished availability of credit and an increase in the cost of financing. The lack of credit has materially hindered the initiation of new, large-sized transactions for our private equity segment and, together with volatility in valuations of equity and debt securities, adversely impacted our operating results in recent periods reflected in the financial statements included in this prospectus. These events may place additional negative pressure on our operating results going forward. If conditions further deteriorate, our business could be affected in different ways. Our profitability may also be adversely affected by our fixed costs and the possibility that we would be unable to scale back other costs, within a time frame sufficient to match any further decreases in net income or increases in net losses relating to changes in market and economic conditions.
The challenging market conditions that we have been experiencing have adversely affected our operating results in a number of ways, and if the economic downturn continues, may cause our revenue and results of operations to decline by causing:
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our AUM to decrease, lowering management fees from our capital markets funds and AAA; |
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increases in costs of financial instruments; |
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adverse conditions for our portfolio companies (e.g., decreased revenues, liquidity pressures, increased difficulty in obtaining access to financing and complying with the terms of existing financings as well as increased financing costs); |
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lower investment returns, reducing incentive income; |
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higher interest rates, which could increase the cost of the debt capital we use to acquire companies in our private equity business; and |
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material reductions in the value of our private equity fund investments in portfolio companies, affecting our ability to realize carried interest from these investments. |
Lower investment returns and such material reductions in value may result, among other reasons, because during periods of difficult market conditions or slowdowns (which may be across one or more industries, sectors or geographies), companies in which we invest may experience decreased revenues, financial losses, difficulty in obtaining access to financing and increased funding costs. During such periods, these companies may also have difficulty in expanding their businesses and operations and be unable to meet their debt service obligations or other expenses as they become due, including expenses payable to us. In addition, during periods of adverse economic conditions, we may have difficulty accessing financial markets, which could make it more difficult or impossible for us to obtain funding for additional investments and harm our AUM and operating results. Furthermore, such conditions would also increase the risk of default with respect to investments held by our funds that have significant debt investments, such as our mezzanine funds, distressed and hedge funds and credit opportunity funds. Our funds may be affected by reduced opportunities to exit and realize value from their investments, by lower than expected returns on investments made prior to the deterioration of the credit markets, and by the fact that we may not be able to find suitable investments for the funds to effectively deploy capital, which could adversely affect our ability to raise new funds and thus adversely impact our prospects for future growth. Although market conditions have recently shown some signs of improvement, we are unable to predict whether economic and market conditions may continue to improve. Even if such conditions do improve broadly and significantly over the long term, adverse conditions in particular sectors may cause our performance to suffer further.
A decline in the pace of investment in our private equity funds would result in our receiving less revenue from transaction and advisory fees.
The transaction and advisory fees that we earn are driven in part by the pace at which our private equity funds make investments. Any decline in that pace would reduce our transaction and advisory fees and could make it more difficult for us to raise capital. Many factors could cause such a decline in the pace of investment, including the inability of our investment professionals to identify attractive investment opportunities, competition for such opportunities among other potential acquirers, decreased availability of capital on attractive terms and our failure to consummate identified investment opportunities because of business, regulatory or legal complexities and adverse developments in the U.S. or global economy or financial markets. In particular, the current lack of financing options for new leveraged buy-outs resulting from the credit market dislocation, has significantly reduced the pace of traditional buyout investments by our private equity funds.
If one or more of our managing partners or other investment professionals leave our company, the commitment periods of certain private equity funds may be terminated, and we may be in default under our credit agreement.
The governing agreements of our private equity funds provide that in the event certain key persons (such as one or more of Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan and/or certain other of our investment professionals) fail to devote the requisite time to managing the fund, the commitment period will terminate if a certain percentage in interest of the investors do not vote to continue the commitment period. This is true of Fund VI and Fund VII, on which our near- to medium-term performance will heavily depend. EPF has a similar provision. In addition to having a significant negative impact on our revenue, net income and cash flow, the occurrence of such an event with respect to any of our funds would likely result in significant reputational damage to us.
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In addition, it will be an event of default under the AMH credit facility if either (i) Mr. Black, together with related persons or trusts, shall cease as a group to participate to a material extent in the beneficial ownership of AMH or (ii) two of the group constituting Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan shall cease to be actively engaged in the management of the AMH loan parties. If such an event of default occurs and the lenders exercise their right to accelerate repayment of the $1.0 billion loan, we are unlikely to have the funds to make such repayment and the lenders may take control of us, which is likely to materially adversely impact our results of operations. Even if we were able to refinance our debt, our financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.
Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan may terminate their employment with us at any time.
We may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds.
In this prospectus, we describe capital raising efforts that certain of our businesses are currently undertaking. Our funds may not be successful in consummating these capital-raising efforts or others that they may undertake, or they may consummate them at investment levels far lower than those currently anticipated. Any capital raising that our funds do consummate may be on terms that are unfavorable to us or that are otherwise different from the terms that we have been able to obtain in the past. These risks could occur for reasons beyond our control, including general economic or market conditions, regulatory changes or increased competition.
Recently, a large number of institutional investors that invest in alternative assets and have historically invested in our funds experienced negative pressure across their investment portfolios, which may affect our ability to raise capital from them. As a result of the global economic downtown during 2008 and 2009, these institutional investors experienced, among other things, a significant decline in the value of their public equity and debt holdings and a lack of realizations from their existing private equity portfolios. Consequently, many of these investors were left with disproportionately outsized remaining commitments to a number of private equity funds, and were restricted from making new commitments to third-party managed private equity funds such as those managed by us. To the extent economic conditions remain volatile and these issues persist, we may be unable to raise sufficient amounts of capital to support the investment activities of our future funds.
In addition, certain institutional investors have publicly criticized certain fund fee and expense structures, including management fees and transaction and advisory fees. Although we have no obligation to modify any of our fees with respect to our existing funds, we may experience pressure to do so in our funds. For example, we recently announced a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS, whereby we agreed to reduce management and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit.
The failure of our funds to raise capital in sufficient amounts and on satisfactory terms would result in us being unable to achieve an increase in AUM, and would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and results of operations. Similarly, any modification of our existing fee arrangements or the fee structures for new funds could adversely affect our results of operations.
Third-party investors in our funds with commitment-based structures may not satisfy their contractual obligation to fund capital calls when requested by us, which could adversely affect a funds operations and performance.
Investors in all of our private equity and capital markets funds (and certain of our hedge funds) make capital commitments to those funds that we are entitled to call from those investors at any time during prescribed periods. We depend on investors fulfilling their commitments when we call capital from them in order for those funds to consummate investments and otherwise pay their obligations when due. Any investor that did not fund a capital call would be subject to several possible penalties, including having a significant amount of its existing investment
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forfeited in that fund. However, the impact of the penalty is directly correlated to the amount of capital previously invested by the investor in the fund and if an investor has invested little or no capital, for instance early in the life of the fund, then the forfeiture penalty may not be as meaningful. If investors were to fail to satisfy a significant amount of capital calls for any particular fund or funds, the operation and performance of those funds could be materially and adversely affected.
The historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of our funds or of our future results or of any returns expected on an investment in our Class A shares.
We have presented in this prospectus the returns relating to the historical performance of our private equity funds and capital markets funds. The returns are relevant to us primarily insofar as they are indicative of incentive income we have earned in the past and may earn in the future. The returns of the funds we manage are not, however, directly linked to returns on our Class A shares. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of the funds we manage will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in Class A shares. However, poor performance of the funds we manage will cause a decline in our revenue from such funds, and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and the value of our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds. Moreover, most of our funds have not been consolidated in our financial statements for periods since either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007 as a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds as of August 1, 2007 and November 30, 2007.
Moreover, the historical returns of our funds should not be considered indicative of the future returns of these or from any future funds we may raise, in part because:
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market conditions during previous periods were significantly more favorable for generating positive performance, particularly in our private equity business, than the market conditions we have experienced for the last year and may continue to experience for the foreseeable future; |
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our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that currently do not exist and may not repeat themselves, and there can be no assurance that our current or future funds will be able to avail themselves of profitable investment opportunities; |
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our private equity funds rates of returns, which are calculated on the basis of net asset value of the funds investments, reflect unrealized gains, which may never be realized; |
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our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that may not repeat themselves, including the availability of debt capital on attractive terms, and we may not be able to achieve the same returns or profitable investment opportunities or deploy capital as quickly; |
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the historical returns that we present in this prospectus derive largely from the performance of our earlier private equity funds, whereas future fund returns will depend increasingly on the performance of our newer funds, which may have little or no investment track record; |
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Fund VI and Fund VII are several times larger than our previous private equity funds, and we may not be able to deploy this additional capital as profitably as our prior funds; |
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the attractive returns of certain of our funds have been driven by the rapid return of invested capital, which has not occurred with respect to all of our funds and we believe is less likely to occur in the future; |
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our track record with respect to our capital markets funds is relatively short as compared to our private equity funds; |
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in recent years, there has been increased competition for private equity investment opportunities resulting from the increased amount of capital invested in private equity funds and high liquidity in debt markets; and |
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our newly established funds may generate lower returns during the period that they take to deploy their capital. |
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Finally, our private equity IRRs have historically varied greatly from fund to fund. Accordingly, you should realize that the IRR going forward for any current or future fund may vary considerably from the historical IRR generated by any particular fund, or for our private equity funds as a whole. Future returns will also be affected by the risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including risks of the industries and businesses in which a particular fund invests. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds.
Our reported net asset values, rates of return and incentive income from affiliates are based in large part upon estimates of the fair value of our investments, which are based on subjective standards and may prove to be incorrect.
A large number of investments in our private equity and capital markets funds are illiquid and thus have no readily ascertainable market prices. We value these investments based on our estimate of their fair value as of the date of determination. We estimate the fair value of our investments based on third-party models, or models developed by us, which include discounted cash flow analyses and other techniques and may be based, at least in part, on independently sourced market parameters. The material estimates and assumptions used in these models include the timing and expected amount of cash flows, the appropriateness of discount rates used, and, in some cases, the ability to execute, the timing of and the estimated proceeds from expected financings. The actual results related to any particular investment often vary materially as a result of the inaccuracy of these estimates and assumptions. In addition, because many of the illiquid investments held by our funds are in industries or sectors which are unstable, in distress, or undergoing some uncertainty, such investments are subject to rapid changes in value caused by sudden company-specific or industry-wide developments.
We include the fair value of illiquid assets in the calculations of net asset values, returns of our funds and our AUM. Furthermore, we recognize incentive income from affiliates based in part on these estimated fair values. Because these valuations are inherently uncertain, they may fluctuate greatly from period to period. Also, they may vary greatly from the prices that would be obtained if the assets were to be liquidated on the date of the valuation and often do vary greatly from the prices we eventually realize.
In addition, the values of our investments in publicly traded assets are subject to significant volatility, including due to a number of factors beyond our control. These include actual or anticipated fluctuations in the quarterly and annual results of these companies or other companies in their industries, market perceptions concerning the availability of additional securities for sale, general economic, social or political developments, changes in industry conditions or government regulations, changes in management or capital structure and significant acquisitions and dispositions. Because the market prices of these securities can be volatile, the valuation of these assets will change from period to period, and the valuation for any particular period may not be realized at the time of disposition. In addition, because our private equity funds often hold very large amounts of the securities of their portfolio companies, the disposition of these securities often takes place over a long period of time, which can further expose us to volatility risk. Even if we hold a quantity of public securities that may be difficult to sell in a single transaction, we do not discount the market price of the security for purposes of our valuations.
If we realize value on an investment that is significantly lower than the value at which it was reflected in a funds net asset values, we would suffer losses in the applicable fund. This could in turn lead to a decline in asset management fees and a loss equal to the portion of the incentive income from affiliates reported in prior periods that was not realized upon disposition. These effects could become applicable to a large number of our investments if our estimates and assumptions used in estimating their fair values differ from future valuations due to market developments. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsSegment Analysis for information related to fund activity that is no longer consolidated. If asset values turn out to be materially different than values reflected in fund net asset values, fund investors could lose confidence which could, in turn, result in redemptions from our funds that permit redemptions or difficulties in raising additional investments.
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We have experienced rapid growth, which may be difficult to sustain and which may place significant demands on our administrative, operational and financial resources.
Our AUM has grown significantly in the past, despite recent declines, and we are pursuing further growth in the near future. Our rapid growth has caused, and planned growth, if successful, will continue to cause, significant demands on our legal, accounting and operational infrastructure, and increased expenses. The complexity of these demands, and the expense required to address them, is a function not simply of the amount by which our AUM has grown, but of the growth in the variety, including the differences in strategy between, and complexity of, our different funds. In addition, we are required to continuously develop our systems and infrastructure in response to the increasing sophistication of the investment management market and legal, accounting, regulatory and tax developments.
Our future growth will depend in part, on our ability to maintain an operating platform and management system sufficient to address our growth and will require us to incur significant additional expenses and to commit additional senior management and operational resources. As a result, we face significant challenges:
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in maintaining adequate financial, regulatory and business controls; |
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implementing new or updated information and financial systems and procedures; and |
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in training, managing and appropriately sizing our work force and other components of our businesses on a timely and cost-effective basis. |
We may not be able to manage our expanding operations effectively or be able to continue to grow, and any failure to do so could adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and control our expenses.
Extensive regulation of our businesses affects our activities and creates the potential for significant liabilities and penalties. The possibility of increased regulatory focus could result in additional burdens on our businesses. Changes in tax or law and other legislative or regulatory changes could adversely affect us.
Overview of Our Regulatory Environment. We are subject to extensive regulation, including periodic examinations, by governmental and self-regulatory organizations in the jurisdictions in which we operate around the world. Many of these regulators, including U.S. and foreign government agencies and self-regulatory organizations, as well as state securities commissions in the United States, are empowered to conduct investigations and administrative proceedings that can result in fines, suspensions of personnel or other sanctions, including censure, the issuance of cease-and-desist orders or the suspension or expulsion of an investment advisor from registration or memberships. Even if an investigation or proceeding did not result in a sanction or the sanction imposed against us or our personnel by a regulator were small in monetary amount, the adverse publicity relating to the investigation, proceeding or imposition of these sanctions could harm our reputation and cause us to lose existing investors or fail to gain new investors. The requirements imposed by our regulators are designed primarily to ensure the integrity of the financial markets and to protect investors in our funds and are not designed to protect our shareholders. Consequently, these regulations often serve to limit our activities.
As a result of highly publicized financial scandals, investors have exhibited concerns over the integrity of the U.S. financial markets and the regulatory environment in which we operate both in the United States and outside the United States is particularly likely to be subject to further regulation. There has been an active debate both nationally and internationally over the appropriate extent of regulation and oversight of private investment funds and their managers. There are proposals in Congress and emanating from Treasury that would identify various kinds of private funds as being potentially systemically significant and subject to increased reporting, oversight and regulation. Any changes in the regulatory framework applicable to our businesses may impose additional expenses on us, require the attention of senior management or result in limitations in the manner in which our business is conducted. On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, which imposes significant new regulations on almost every aspect of the U.S. financial services industry, including aspects of our business and the markets in which we operate. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act requires private equity and hedge fund advisers to
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register with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act, to maintain extensive records and to file reports if deemed necessary for purposes of systemic risk assessment by certain governmental bodies. Importantly, many of the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act are subject to further rulemaking and to the discretion of regulatory bodies, such as the Financial Stability Oversight Council. As a result, we do not know exactly what the final regulations under the Dodd-Frank Act will require or how significantly the Dodd-Frank Act will affect us.
Exceptions from Certain Laws. We regularly rely on exemptions from various requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act and the Employment Retirement Income Security Act, or ERISA, in conducting our activities. These exemptions are sometimes highly complex and may in certain circumstances depend on compliance by third parties whom we do not control. If for any reason these exemptions were to become unavailable to us, we could become subject to regulatory action or third-party claims and our businesses could be materially and adversely affected. See, for example, Risks Related to Our Organization and StructureIf we were deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions could make it impractical for us to continue our businesses as contemplated and could have a material adverse effect on our businesses and the price of our Class A shares.
Fund Regulatory Environment . The regulatory environment in which our funds operate may affect our businesses. For example, changes in antitrust laws or the enforcement of antitrust laws could affect the level of mergers and acquisitions activity, and changes in state laws may limit investment activities of state pension plans. See BusinessRegulatory and Compliance Matters for a further discussion of the regulatory environment in which we conduct our businesses.
Future Regulation . We may be adversely affected as a result of new or revised legislation or regulations imposed by the SEC, other U.S. or non-U.S. governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations that supervise the financial markets. In January 2009, members of the Senate introduced the Hedge Fund Transparency Act (the Hedge Fund Act), which would apply to private equity funds, venture capital funds, real estate funds and other private investment vehicles with at least $50 million in assets under management. If enacted, the bill would require that such fundsin order to remain exempt from the substantive provisions of the Investment Company Actregister with the SEC, maintain books and records in accordance with SEC requirements, and become subject to SEC examinations and information requests. In addition, the Hedge Fund Act would require each fund to file annual disclosures, which would be made public, containing detailed information about the fund, most notably including the names of all beneficial owners of the fund, an explanation of the funds ownership structure and the current value of the funds assets under management. Also, the Hedge Fund Act would require each fund to establish anti-money laundering programs. We cannot predict whether this Hedge Fund Act will be enacted or, if enacted, what the final terms would require or the impact of such new regulations on our funds. If enacted, this Hedge Fund Act would likely negatively impact our funds in a number of ways, including increasing the funds regulatory costs, imposing additional burdens on the funds staff, and potentially requiring the disclosure of sensitive information. Moreover, as calls for additional regulation have increased, there may be a related increase in regulatory investigations of the trading and other investment activities of alternative asset management funds, including our funds. Such investigations may impose additional expenses on us, may require the attention of senior management and may result in fines if any of our funds are deemed to have violated any regulations.
In July 2009, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation that would empower federal regulators to prescribe regulations to prohibit any incentive-based payment arrangements that the regulators determine encourage financial institutions to take risks that could threaten the soundness of the financial institutions or adversely affect economic conditions and financial stability. At this time, we cannot predict whether this legislation will be enacted and, if enacted, what form it would take, what affect, if any, that it may have on our business or the markets in which we operate.
In addition, the financial industry will likely become more highly regulated in the near future in response to recent events. On June 17, 2009, the Obama Administration issued a white paper containing a series of proposals to reform the financial industry, which, if enacted, would significantly alter both how financial services
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and asset management firms are regulated and how they conduct their business. The House of Representatives and the Senate have separately passed legislations adopting proposals to require advisors of most hedge funds, private equity funds and other pools of capital to register with the SEC as investment advisors under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and to impose new record-keeping and reporting requirements on these funds (which may be similar to those requirements proposed in the Hedge Fund Transparency Act, which is discussed above). In addition, the Obama Administrations proposals would also require all OTC derivatives markets, including credit default swap markets, to be subject to increased regulation. We do not know what impact the final regulations will have on us if the proposed legislations are enacted.
We also may be adversely affected by changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules by these governmental authorities and self-regulatory organizations. New laws or regulations could make compliance more difficult and expensive and affect the manner in which we conduct business.
Apollo provides investment management services through registered investment advisers. Investment advisers are subject to extensive regulation in the United States and in the other countries in which our investment activities occur. The SEC oversees our activities as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. In the United Kingdom, we are subject to regulation by the U.K. Financial Services Authority. Our other European operations, and our investment activities around the globe, are subject to a variety of regulatory regimes that vary country by country. A failure to comply with the obligations imposed by regulatory regimes to which we are subject, including the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 could result in investigations, sanctions and reputational damage.
On June 30, 2010, the SEC adopted a new pay-to-play rule that restricts politically active investment advisors from managing state pension funds. The rule prohibits, among other things, a covered investment advisor from receiving compensation for advisory services provided to a government entity (such as a state pension fund) for a two-year period after the advisor, certain covered employees of the advisor or any covered political action committee controlled by the advisor or its employees makes a political contribution to certain government officials. In addition, a covered investment advisor is prohibited from engaging in political fundraising activities for certain elected officials or candidates in jurisdictions where such advisor is providing or seeking governmental business. This new rule complicates and increases the compliance burden for our investment advisors. It will be imperative for a covered investment advisor to adopt an effective compliance program in light of the substantial penalties associated with the rule.
On May 17, 2010, the European Parliaments Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee voted in favor of the draft Directive on Alternative Investment Fund Managers and the full European Parliament is expected to vote on the proposal during the fourth quarter of 2010. The directive, if adopted in the form proposed, would impose significant new regulatory requirements on investment managers operating within the EU, including with respect to conduct of business, regulatory capital, valuations, disclosures and marketing. Alternative investment funds organized outside of the EU in which interests are marketed within the EU would be subject to significant conditions on their operations, including satisfying the competent authority of the robustness of internal arrangements with respect to risk management, in particular liquidity risks and additional operational and counterparty risks associated with short selling; the management and disclosure of conflicts of interest; the fair valuation of assets; and the security of depository/custodial arrangements. Such rules could potentially impose significant additional costs on the operation of our business in the EU and could limit our operating flexibility within that jurisdiction.
In Denmark and Germany, legislative amendments have been adopted which may limit deductibility of interest and other financing expenses in companies in which our funds have invested or may invest in the future. In brief, the Danish legislative amendments generally entail that annual net financing expenses in excess of a certain threshold amount (approximately 2.9 million in 2010) will be limited on the basis of earnings before interest and taxes and/or asset tax values. According to the German legislative amendments, interest expenses exceeding the interest income of the same fiscal year may be deducted only up to 30% of the (adjusted) taxable earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of the relevant German business ( Betrieb ) (subject to specific certain exemptions), while any additional non-deductible interest may, if at all, only be claimed in
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subsequent years. These amendments may in turn impact the profitability of companies affected by the rules. Our businesses are subject to the risk that similar measures might be introduced in other countries in which they currently have investments or plan to invest in the future, or that other legislative or regulatory measures might be promulgated in any of the countries in which we operate that adversely affect our businesses. In particular, the U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of a portion of our carried interest income as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or would have other adverse effects. Legislation that would cause us to be taxable as a corporation after the Class A shares are listed is pending in Congress. See Risks Related to Taxation and Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure. In addition, U.S. and foreign labor unions have recently been agitating for greater legislative and regulatory oversight of private equity firms and transactions. Labor unions have also threatened to use their influence to prevent pension funds from investing in private equity funds.
Antitrust Regulation. Recently, it has been reported in the press that a few of our competitors in the private equity industry have received information requests relating to private equity transactions from the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice. In addition, the U.K. Financial Services Authority recently published a discussion paper on the impact that the growth in the private equity market has had on the markets in the United Kingdom and the suitability of its regulatory approach in addressing risks posed by the private equity market.
Use of Placement Agents. We sometimes use placement agents to assist in marketing certain of the investment funds that we manage. Various state attorneys general and federal and state agencies have initiated industry-wide investigations into the use of placement agents in connection with the solicitation of investments, particularly with respect to investments by public pension funds. Certain affiliates of Apollo have received subpoenas and other requests for information from various government regulatory agencies and investors in Apollos funds, seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. Apollo is cooperating with all such investigations and other reviews. Any unanticipated developments from these or future investigations or changes in industry practice may adversely affect our business. Even if these investigations or changes in industry practice do not directly affect our business, adverse publicity could harm our reputation, may cause us to lose existing investors or fail to gain new investors, may depress the price of our Class A shares or may have other negative consequences.
Our revenue, net income and cash flow are all highly variable, which may make it difficult for us to achieve steady earnings growth on a quarterly basis and may cause the price of our Class A shares to decline.
Our revenue, net income and cash flow are all highly variable, primarily due to the fact that carried interest from our private equity funds, which constitute the largest portion of income from our combined businesses, and the transaction and advisory fees that we receive can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. In addition, the investment returns of most of our funds are volatile. We may also experience fluctuations in our results from quarter to quarter and year to year due to a number of other factors, including changes in the values of our funds investments, changes in the amount of distributions, dividends or interest paid in respect of investments, changes in our operating expenses, the degree to which we encounter competition and general economic and market conditions. In addition, carried interest income from our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds is subject to contingent repayment by the general partner if, upon the final distribution, the relevant funds general partner has received cumulative carried interest on individual portfolio investments in excess of the amount of carried interest it would be entitled to from the profits calculated for all portfolio investments in the aggregate. Such variability may lead to volatility in the trading price of our Class A shares and cause our results for a particular period not to be indicative of our performance in a future period. It may be difficult for us to achieve steady growth in net income and cash flow on a quarterly basis, which could in turn lead to large adverse movements in the price of our Class A shares or increased volatility in our Class A share price generally.
The timing of carried interest generated by our private equity funds is uncertain and will contribute to the volatility of our results. Carried interest depends on our private equity funds performance. It takes a substantial period of time to identify attractive investment opportunities, to raise all the funds needed to make an investment
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and then to realize the cash value or other proceeds of an investment through a sale, public offering, recapitalization or other exit. Even if an investment proves to be profitable, it may be several years before any profits can be realized in cash or other proceeds. We cannot predict when, or if, any realization of investments will occur. Although we recognize carried interest income on an accrual basis, we receive private equity carried interest payments only upon disposition of an investment by the relevant fund, which contributes to the volatility of our cash flow. If we were to have a realization event in a particular quarter or year, it may have a significant impact on our results for that particular quarter or year that may not be replicated in subsequent periods. We recognize revenue on investments in our funds based on our allocable share of realized and unrealized gains (or losses) reported by such funds, and a decline in realized or unrealized gains, or an increase in realized or unrealized losses, would adversely affect our revenue, which could further increase the volatility of our results.
With respect to most of our capital markets funds, our incentive income is paid annually, semi-annually or quarterly, and the varying frequency of these payments will contribute to the volatility of our revenues and cash flow. Furthermore, we earn this incentive income only if the net asset value of a fund has increased or, in the case of certain funds, increased beyond a particular threshold. Our distressed and hedge funds also have high water marks with respect to the investors in these funds. If the high water mark for a particular investor is not surpassed, we would not earn incentive income with respect to such investor during a particular period even though such investor had positive returns in such period as a result of losses in prior periods. If such an investor experiences losses, we will not be able to earn incentive income from such investor until it surpasses the previous high water mark. The incentive income we earn is therefore dependent on the net asset value of investors investments in the fund, which could lead to significant volatility in our results.
Because our revenue, net income and cash flow can be highly variable from quarter to quarter and year to year, we plan not to provide any guidance regarding our expected quarterly and annual operating results. The lack of guidance may affect the expectations of public market analysts and could cause increased volatility in our Class A share price.
The investment management business is intensely competitive, which could materially adversely impact us.
Over the past several years, the size and number of private equity funds and capital markets funds has continued to increase. If this trend continues, it is possible that it will become increasingly difficult for our funds to raise capital as funds compete for investments from a limited number of qualified investors. As the size and number of private equity and capital markets funds increase, it could become more difficult to win attractive investment opportunities at favorable prices. Due to the global economic downturn and generally poor returns in alternative asset investment businesses recently, institutional investors have suffered from decreasing returns, liquidity pressure, increased volatility and difficulty maintaining targeted asset allocations, and a significant number of investors have materially decreased or temporarily stopped making new fund investments during this period. As the economy begins to recover, such investors may elect to reduce their overall portfolio allocations to alternative investments such as private equity and hedge funds, resulting in a smaller overall pool of available capital in our industry. Even if such investors continue to invest at historic levels, they may seek to negotiate reduced fee structures or other modifications to fund structures as a condition to investing.
In the event all or part of this analysis proves true, when trying to raise new capital we will be competing for fewer total available assets in an increasingly competitive environment which could lead to fee reductions and redemptions as well as difficulty in raising new capital. Such changes would adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
Competition among private equity funds and capital markets funds is based on a variety of factors, including:
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investment performance; |
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investor liquidity and willingness to invest; |
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investor perception of investment managers drive, focus and alignment of interest; |
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quality of service provided to and duration of relationship with investors; |
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business reputation; and |
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the level of fees and expenses charged for services. |
We compete in all aspects of our businesses with a large number of investment management firms, private equity fund sponsors, capital markets fund sponsors and other financial institutions. A number of factors serve to increase our competitive risks:
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fund investors may develop concerns that we will allow a business to grow to the detriment of its performance; |
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investors may reduce their investments in our funds or not make additional investments in our funds based upon current market conditions, their available capital or their perception of the health of our businesses; |
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some of our competitors have greater capital, lower targeted returns or greater sector or investment strategy-specific expertise than we do, which creates competitive disadvantages with respect to investment opportunities; |
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some of our competitors may also have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to us, which may create competitive disadvantages for us with respect to investment opportunities; |
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some of our competitors may perceive risk differently than we do, which could allow them either to outbid us for investments in particular sectors or, generally, to consider a wider variety of investments; |
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some of our funds may not perform as well as competitors funds or other available investment products; |
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our competitors that are corporate buyers may be able to achieve synergistic cost savings in respect of an investment, which may provide them with a competitive advantage in bidding for an investment; |
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some fund investors may prefer to invest with an investment manager that is not publicly traded; |
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there are relatively few barriers to entry impeding new private equity and capital markets fund management firms, and the successful efforts of new entrants into our various businesses, including former star portfolio managers at large diversified financial institutions as well as such institutions themselves, will continue to result in increased competition; |
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there are no barriers to entry to our businesses, implementing an integrated platform similar to ours or the strategies that we deploy at our funds, such as distressed investing, which we believe are our competitive strengths, except that our competitors would need to hire professionals with the investment expertise or grow it internally; and |
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other industry participants continuously seek to recruit our investment professionals away from us. |
In addition, private equity and capital markets fund managers have each increasingly adopted investment strategies traditionally associated with the other. Capital markets funds have become active in taking control positions in companies, while private equity funds have assumed minority positions in publicly listed companies. This convergence could heighten our competitive risk by expanding the range of asset managers seeking private equity investments and making it more difficult for us to differentiate ourselves from managers of capital markets funds.
These and other factors could reduce our earnings and revenues and materially adversely affect our businesses. In addition, if we are forced to compete with other alternative asset managers on the basis of price, we may not be able to maintain our current management fee and incentive income structures. We have historically competed primarily on the performance of our funds, and not on the level of our fees or incentive
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income relative to those of our competitors. However, there is a risk that fees and incentive income in the alternative investment management industry will decline, without regard to the historical performance of a manager. Fee or incentive income reductions on existing or future funds, without corresponding decreases in our cost structure, would adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
Our ability to retain our investment professionals is critical to our success and our ability to grow depends on our ability to attract additional key personnel.
Our success depends on our ability to retain our investment professionals and recruit additional qualified personnel. We anticipate that it will be necessary for us to add investment professionals as we pursue our growth strategy. However, we may not succeed in recruiting additional personnel or retaining current personnel, as the market for qualified investment professionals is extremely competitive. Our investment professionals possess substantial experience and expertise in investing, are responsible for locating and executing our funds investments, have significant relationships with the institutions that are the source of many of our funds investment opportunities, and in certain cases have key relationships with our fund investors. Therefore, if our investment professionals join competitors or form competing companies it could result in the loss of significant investment opportunities and certain existing fund investors. Legislation has been proposed in the U.S. Congress to treat portions of carried interest as ordinary income rather than as capital gain for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Because we compensate our investment professionals in large part by giving them an equity interest in our business or a right to receive carried interest, such legislation could adversely affect our ability to recruit, retain and motivate our current and future investment professionals. See Risks Related to TaxationOur structure involves complex provisions of U.S. Federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. Our structure is also subject to potential legislative, judicial or administrative change and differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis and Risks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects. The loss of even a small number of our investment professionals could jeopardize the performance of our funds, which would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Efforts to retain or attract investment professionals may result in significant additional expenses, which could adversely affect our profitability.
Our sale of equity interests to the public may harm our ability to provide equity compensation to investment professionals, which could make it more difficult to attract and retain them and could harm aspects of our business.
We might not be able to provide investment professionals with equity interests in our business to the same extent or with the same tax consequences as we did prior to the Private Offering Transactions. Therefore, in order to recruit and retain existing and future investment professionals, we may need to increase the level of compensation that we pay to them. Accordingly, as we promote or hire new investment professionals over time, we may increase the level of compensation we pay to our investment professionals, which would cause our total employee compensation and benefits expense as a percentage of our total revenue to increase and adversely affect our profitability. In addition, any issuance of equity interests in our business to investment professionals would dilute the holders of Class A shares.
We strive to maintain a work environment that reinforces our culture of collaboration, motivation and alignment of interests with investors. The effects of becoming public, including potential changes in our compensation structure, could adversely affect this culture. If we do not continue to develop and implement the right processes and tools to manage our changing enterprise and maintain this culture, our ability to compete successfully and achieve our business objectives could be impaired, which could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
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We may not be successful in expanding into new investment strategies, markets and businesses.
We actively consider the opportunistic expansion of our businesses, both geographically and into complementary new investment strategies. We may not be successful in any such attempted expansion. Attempts to expand our businesses involve a number of special risks, including some or all of the following:
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the diversion of managements attention from our core businesses; |
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the disruption of our ongoing businesses; |
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entry into markets or businesses in which we may have limited or no experience; |
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increasing demands on our operational systems; |
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potential increase in investor concentration; and |
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the broadening of our geographic footprint, increasing the risks associated with conducting operations in foreign jurisdictions. |
Additionally, any expansion of our businesses could result in significant increases in our outstanding indebtedness and debt service requirements, which would increase the risks in investing in our Class A shares and may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.
We also may not be successful in identifying new investment strategies or geographic markets that increase our profitability, or in identifying and acquiring new businesses that increase our profitability. Because we have not yet identified these potential new investment strategies, geographic markets or businesses, we cannot identify for you all the risks we may face and the potential adverse consequences on us and your investment that may result from our attempted expansion. We also do not know how long it may take for us to expand, if we do so at all. We have total discretion, at the direction of our manager, without needing to seek approval from our board of directors or shareholders, to enter into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses, other than expansions involving transactions with affiliates which may require limited board approval.
Many of our funds invest in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets and we may fail to realize any profits from these activities for a considerable period of time or lose some or all of the principal amount we invest in these activities.
Many of our funds invest in securities that are not publicly traded. In many cases, our funds may be prohibited by contract or by applicable securities laws from selling such securities for a period of time. Our funds will generally not be able to sell these securities publicly unless their sale is registered under applicable securities laws, or unless an exemption from such registration requirements is available. Accordingly, our funds may be forced, under certain conditions, to sell securities at a loss. The ability of many of our funds, particularly our private equity funds, to dispose of investments is heavily dependent on the public equity markets, inasmuch as the ability to realize value from an investment may depend upon the ability to complete an initial public offering of the portfolio company in which such investment is held. Furthermore, large holdings even of publicly traded equity securities can often be disposed of only over a substantial period of time, exposing the investment returns to risks of downward movement in market prices during the disposition period.
Dependence on significant leverage in investments by our funds could adversely affect our ability to achieve attractive rates of return on those investments.
Because many of our private equity funds investments rely heavily on the use of leverage, our ability to achieve attractive rates of return on investments will depend on our continued ability to access sufficient sources of indebtedness at attractive rates. For example, in many private equity investments, indebtedness may constitute 70% or more of a portfolio companys total debt and equity capitalization, including debt that may be incurred in connection with the investment, and a portfolio companys leverage will often increase in recapitalization transactions subsequent to the companys acquisition by a private equity fund. The absence of available sources of senior debt financing for extended periods of time could therefore materially and adversely affect our private
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equity funds. An increase in either the general levels of interest rates or in the risk spread demanded by sources of indebtedness would make it more expensive to finance those investments. Increases in interest rates could also make it more difficult to locate and consummate private equity investments because other potential buyers, including operating companies acting as strategic buyers, may be able to bid for an asset at a higher price due to a lower overall cost of capital. In addition, a portion of the indebtedness used to finance private equity investments often includes high-yield debt securities issued in the capital markets. Availability of capital from the high-yield debt markets is subject to significant volatility, and there may be times when we might not be able to access those markets at attractive rates, or at all. For example, the dislocation in the credit markets which we believe began in July 2007 and the record backlog of supply in the debt markets resulting from such dislocation has materially affected the ability and willingness of banks to underwrite new high-yield debt securities.
Investments in highly leveraged entities are inherently more sensitive to declines in revenues, increases in expenses and interest rates and adverse economic, market and industry developments. The incurrence of a significant amount of indebtedness by an entity could, among other things:
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give rise to an obligation to make mandatory prepayments of debt using excess cash flow, which might limit the entitys ability to respond to changing industry conditions to the extent additional cash is needed for the response, to make unplanned but necessary capital expenditures or to take advantage of growth opportunities; |
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allow even moderate reductions in operating cash flow to render it unable to service its indebtedness, leading to a bankruptcy or other reorganization of the entity and a loss of part or all of the equity investment in it; |
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limit the entitys ability to adjust to changing market conditions, thereby placing it at a competitive disadvantage compared to its competitors who have relatively less debt; |
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limit the entitys ability to engage in strategic acquisitions that might be necessary to generate attractive returns or further growth; and |
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limit the entitys ability to obtain additional financing or increase the cost of obtaining such financing, including for capital expenditures, working capital or general corporate purposes. |
As a result, the risk of loss associated with a leveraged entity is generally greater than for companies with comparatively less debt. For example, many investments consummated by private equity sponsors during the past three years which utilized significant amounts of leverage are experiencing severe economic stress and may default on their debt obligations due to a decrease in revenues and cash flow precipitated by the recent economic downturn.
When our private equity funds existing portfolio investments reach the point when debt incurred to finance those investments matures in significant amounts and must be either repaid or refinanced, those investments may materially suffer if they have generated insufficient cash flow to repay maturing debt and there is insufficient capacity and availability in the financing markets to permit them to refinance maturing debt on satisfactory terms, or at all. If the current unusually limited availability of financing for such purposes were to persist for several years, when significant amounts of the debt incurred to finance our private equity funds existing portfolio investments start to come due, these funds could be materially and adversely affected.
Our capital markets funds may choose to use leverage as part of their respective investment programs and regularly borrow a substantial amount of their capital. The use of leverage poses a significant degree of risk and enhances the possibility of a significant loss in the value of the investment portfolio. The fund may borrow money from time to time to purchase or carry securities. The interest expense and other costs incurred in connection with such borrowing may not be recovered by appreciation in the securities purchased or carried, and will be lostand the timing and magnitude of such losses may be accelerated or exacerbatedin the event of a decline in the market value of such securities. Gains realized with borrowed funds may cause the funds net asset value to increase at a faster rate than would be the case without borrowings. However, if investment results fail to cover the cost of borrowings, the funds net asset value could also decrease faster than if there had been no
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borrowings. In addition, as a business development company under the Investment Company Act, AIC is permitted to issue senior securities in amounts such that its asset coverage ratio equals at least 200% after each issuance of senior securities. AICs ability to pay dividends will be restricted if its asset coverage ratio falls below at least 200% and any amounts that it uses to service its indebtedness are not available for dividends to its common stockholders. An increase in interest rates could also decrease the value of fixed-rate debt investments that our funds make. Any of the foregoing circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.
The requirements of being a public entity may strain our resources.
Once the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part becomes effective, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and requirements of the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. These requirements may place a strain on our systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our businesses and financial condition. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting, which is discussed below. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, significant resources and management oversight will be required. We have not had to prepare and file such reports in the past. We will be implementing additional procedures and processes for the purpose of addressing the standards and requirements applicable to public companies. We expect to incur significant additional annual expenses related to these steps and, among other things, additional directors and officers liability insurance, director fees, reporting requirements of the SEC, transfer agent fees, hiring additional accounting, legal and administrative personnel, increased auditing and legal fees and similar expenses.
Our internal control over financial reporting does not currently meet all of the standards contemplated by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and failure to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our businesses and stock price.
We have not previously been required to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, including the internal control evaluation and certification requirement of Section 404 of that statute, and we will not be required to comply with all those requirements until after we have been subject to the requirements of the Exchange Act for a specified period. We are in the process of addressing our internal control over, and policies and processes related to, financial reporting and the identification of key financial reporting risks, assessment of their potential impact and linkage of those risks to specific areas and activities within our organization.
We have begun the process of documenting and evaluating our internal control procedures pursuant to the requirements of Section 404, which requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and a report by our independent registered public accounting firm addressing these assessments. If we are not able to implement the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, our independent registered public accounting firm may not be able to certify as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Matters impacting our internal controls may cause us to be unable to report our financial information on a timely basis and thereby subject us to adverse regulatory consequences, including sanctions by the SEC or violations of applicable stock exchange listing rules, and result in a breach of the covenants under the AMH credit facility. There could also be a negative reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of investor confidence in us and the reliability of our financial statements. Confidence in the reliability of our financial statements is also likely to suffer if our independent registered public accounting firm reports a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. This could materially adversely affect us and lead to a decline in our share price. In addition, we will incur incremental costs in order to improve our internal control over financial reporting and comply with Section 404, including increased auditing and legal fees and costs associated with hiring additional accounting and administrative staff. These costs will be significant and are not reflected in our financial statements.
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The potential requirement to convert our financial statements from being prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America to International Financial Reporting Standards may strain our resources and increase our annual expenses.
As a public entity, the SEC may require in the future that we report our financial results under International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, instead of under U.S. GAAP. IFRS is a set of accounting principles that has been gaining acceptance on a worldwide basis. These standards are published by the London-based International Accounting Standards Board, or IASB, and are more focused on objectives and principles and less reliant on detailed rules than U.S. GAAP. Today, there remain significant and material differences in several key areas between U.S. GAAP and IFRS which would affect Apollo. Additionally, U.S. GAAP provides specific guidance in classes of accounting transactions for which equivalent guidance in IFRS does not exist. The adoption of IFRS is highly complex and would have an impact on many aspects and operations of Apollo, including but not limited to financial accounting and reporting systems, internal controls, taxes, borrowing covenants and cash management. It is expected that a significant amount of time, internal and external resources and expenses over a multi-year period would be required for this conversion.
Operational risks relating to the execution, confirmation or settlement of transactions, our dependence on our headquarters in New York City and third-party providers may disrupt our businesses, result in losses or limit our growth.
We face operational risk from errors made in the execution, confirmation or settlement of transactions. We also face operational risk from transactions not being properly recorded, evaluated or accounted for in our funds. In particular, our credit-oriented capital markets business is highly dependent on our ability to process and evaluate, on a daily basis, transactions across markets and geographies in a time-sensitive, efficient and accurate manner. Consequently, we rely heavily on our financial, accounting and other data processing systems. New investment products we may introduce could create a significant risk that our existing systems may not be adequate to identify or control the relevant risks in the investment strategies employed by such new investment products. In addition, our information systems and technology might not be able to accommodate our growth, and the cost of maintaining such systems might increase from its current level. These risks could cause us to suffer financial loss, a disruption of our businesses, liability to our funds, regulatory intervention and reputational damage.
Furthermore, we depend on our headquarters, which is located in New York City, for the operation of many of our businesses. A disaster or a disruption in the infrastructure that supports our businesses, including a disruption involving electronic communications or other services used by us or third parties with whom we conduct business, or directly affecting our headquarters, may have an adverse impact on our ability to continue to operate our businesses without interruption which could have a material adverse effect on us. Although we have disaster recovery programs in place, these may not be sufficient to mitigate the harm that may result from such a disaster or disruption. In addition, insurance and other safeguards might only partially reimburse us for our losses.
Finally, we rely on third-party service providers for certain aspects of our businesses, including for certain information systems, technology and administration of our funds and compliance matters. Any interruption or deterioration in the performance of these third parties could impair the quality of the funds operations and could impact our reputation and adversely affect our businesses and limit our ability to grow.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from funds managed pursuant to management agreements that may be terminated or fund partnership agreements that permit fund investors to request liquidation of investments in our funds on short notice.
The terms of our funds generally give either the general partner of the fund or the funds board of directors the right to terminate our investment management agreement with the fund. However, insofar as we control the general partner of our funds that are limited partnerships, the risk of termination of investment management agreement for such funds is limited, subject to our fiduciary or contractual duties as general partner. This risk is more significant for certain of our capital markets funds, which have independent boards of directors.
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With respect to our funds that are subject to the Investment Company Act, each funds investment management agreement must be approved annually by such funds board of directors or by the vote of a majority of the shareholders and the majority of the independent members of such funds board of directors and, as required by law. The funds investment management agreement can also be terminated by the majority of the shareholders. Termination of these agreements would reduce the fees we earn from the relevant funds, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Currently, AIC is the only Apollo fund that is subject to these provisions of the Investment Company Act, as it has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act.
In addition, in connection with the deconsolidation of certain of our private equity and capital markets funds, the governing documents of those funds were amended to provide that a simple majority of a funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund, which would cause management fees and incentive income to terminate. Our ability to realize incentive income from such funds also would be adversely affected if we are required to liquidate fund investments at a time when market conditions result in our obtaining less for investments than could be obtained at later times. Because this right is a new one, we do not know whether, and under what circumstances, the investors in our funds are likely to exercise such right.
In addition, the management agreements of our funds would terminate if we were to experience a change of control without obtaining investor consent. Such a change of control could be deemed to occur in the event our managing partners exchange enough of their interests in the Apollo Operating Group into our Class A shares such that our managing partners no longer own a controlling interest in us. We cannot be certain that consents required for the assignment of our management agreements will be obtained if such a deemed change of control occurs. Termination of these agreements would affect the fees we earn from the relevant funds and the transaction and advisory fees we earn from the underlying portfolio companies, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our use of leverage to finance our businesses will expose us to substantial risks, which are exacerbated by our funds use of leverage to finance investments.
We have a term loan outstanding under the AMH credit facility. We may choose to finance our business operations through further borrowings. Our existing and future indebtedness exposes us to the typical risks associated with the use of leverage, including those discussed below under Dependence on significant leverage in investments by our funds could adversely affect our ability to achieve attractive rates of return on those investments. These risks are exacerbated by certain of our funds use of leverage to finance investments and, if they were to occur, could cause us to suffer a decline in the credit ratings assigned to our debt by rating agencies, which might result in an increase in our borrowing costs or result in other material adverse effects on our businesses.
Borrowings under the AMH credit facility mature on April 20, 2014. As these borrowings and other indebtedness matures, we will be required to either refinance them by entering into new facilities, which could result in higher borrowing costs, or issuing equity, which would dilute existing shareholders. We could also repay them by using cash on hand or cash from the sale of our assets. We could have difficulty entering into new facilities or issuing equity in the future on attractive terms, or at all.
Borrowings under the AMH credit facility are either LIBOR or ABR-based floating-rate obligations. As a result, an increase in short-term interest rates will increase our interest costs to the extent such borrowings have not been hedged into fixed rates.
We are subject to third-party litigation that could result in significant liabilities and reputational harm, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
In general, we will be exposed to risk of litigation by our investors if our management of any fund is alleged to constitute bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud, willful or reckless disregard for our duties to the fund or other forms of misconduct. Investors could sue us to recover amounts lost by our funds due to our
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alleged misconduct, up to the entire amount of loss. Further, we may be subject to litigation arising from investor dissatisfaction with the performance of our funds or from allegations that we improperly exercised control or influence over companies in which our funds have large investments. By way of example, we, our funds and certain of our employees are each exposed to the risks of litigation relating to investment activities in our funds and actions taken by the officers and directors (some of whom may be Apollo employees) of portfolio companies, such as the risk of shareholder litigation by other shareholders of public companies in which our funds have large investments. We are also exposed to risks of litigation or investigation relating to transactions that presented conflicts of interest that were not properly addressed. In addition, our rights to indemnification by the funds we manage may not be upheld if challenged, and our indemnification rights generally do not cover bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud, willful or reckless disregard for our duties to the fund or other forms of misconduct. If we are required to incur all or a portion of the costs arising out of litigation or investigations as a result of inadequate insurance proceeds or failure to obtain indemnification from our funds, our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity would be materially adversely affected.
In addition, with a workforce that includes many very highly paid investment professionals, we face the risk of lawsuits relating to claims for compensation, which may individually or in the aggregate be significant in amount. Such claims are more likely to occur in the current environment where individual employees may experience significant volatility in their year-to-year compensation due to trading performance or other issues and in situations where previously highly compensated employees were terminated for performance or efficiency reasons. The cost of settling such claims could adversely affect our results of operations.
If any lawsuits brought against us were to result in a finding of substantial legal liability, the lawsuit could, in addition to any financial damage, cause significant reputational harm to us, which could seriously harm our business. We depend to a large extent on our business relationships and our reputation for integrity and high-caliber professional services to attract and retain investors and to pursue investment opportunities for our funds. As a result, allegations of improper conduct by private litigants or regulators, whether the ultimate outcome is favorable or unfavorable to us, as well as negative publicity and press speculation about us, our investment activities or the private equity industry in general, whether or not valid, may harm our reputation, which may be more damaging to our business than to other types of businesses.
Our failure to deal appropriately with conflicts of interest could damage our reputation and adversely affect our businesses.
As we have expanded and as we continue to expand the number and scope of our businesses, we increasingly confront potential conflicts of interest relating to our funds investment activities. Certain of our funds may have overlapping investment objectives, including funds that have different fee structures, and potential conflicts may arise with respect to our decisions regarding how to allocate investment opportunities among those funds. For example, a decision to acquire material non-public information about a company while pursuing an investment opportunity for a particular fund gives rise to a potential conflict of interest when it results in our having to restrict the ability of other funds to take any action. In addition, fund investors (or holders of Class A shares) may perceive conflicts of interest regarding investment decisions for funds in which our managing partners, who have and may continue to make significant personal investments in a variety of Apollo funds, are personally invested. Similarly, conflicts of interest may exist in the valuation of our investments and regarding decisions about the allocation of specific investment opportunities among us and our funds and the allocation of fees and costs among us, our funds and their portfolio companies.
Pursuant to the terms of our operating agreement, whenever a potential conflict of interest exists or arises between any of the managing partners, one or more directors or their respective affiliates, on the one hand, and us, any of our subsidiaries or any shareholder other than a managing partner, on the other, any resolution or course of action by our board of directors shall be permitted and deemed approved by all shareholders if the resolution or course of action (i) has been specifically approved by a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting shares (excluding voting shares owned by our manager or its affiliates) or by a conflicts committee of the board of directors composed entirely of one or more independent directors, (ii) is on terms no
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less favorable to us or our shareholders (other than a managing partner) than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties or (iii) it is fair and reasonable to us and our shareholders taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved. All conflicts of interest described in this prospectus will be deemed to have been specifically approved by all shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is possible that potential or perceived conflicts could give rise to investor dissatisfaction or litigation or regulatory enforcement actions. Appropriately dealing with conflicts of interest is complex and difficult and our reputation could be damaged if we fail, or appear to fail, to deal appropriately with one or more potential or actual conflicts of interest. Regulatory scrutiny of, or litigation in connection with, conflicts of interest would have a material adverse effect on our reputation which would materially adversely affect our businesses in a number of ways, including as a result of redemptions by our investors from our funds, an inability to raise additional funds and a reluctance of counterparties to do business with us.
Our organizational documents do not limit our ability to enter into new lines of businesses, and we may expand into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses, each of which may result in additional risks and uncertainties in our businesses.
We intend, to the extent that market conditions warrant, to grow our businesses by increasing AUM in existing businesses and expanding into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses. Our organizational documents, however, do not limit us to the investment management business. Accordingly, we may pursue growth through acquisitions of other investment management companies, acquisitions of critical business partners or other strategic initiatives, which may include entering into new lines of business, such as the insurance, broker-dealer or financial advisory industries. In addition, we expect opportunities will arise to acquire other alternative or traditional asset managers. To the extent we make strategic investments or acquisitions, undertake other strategic initiatives or enter into a new line of business, we will face numerous risks and uncertainties, including risks associated with (i) the required investment of capital and other resources, (ii) the possibility that we have insufficient expertise to engage in such activities profitably or without incurring inappropriate amounts of risk, (iii) combining or integrating operational and management systems and controls and (iv) the broadening of our geographic footprint, including the risks associated with conducting operations in foreign jurisdictions. Entry into certain lines of business may subject us to new laws and regulations with which we are not familiar, or from which we are currently exempt, and may lead to increased litigation and regulatory risk. If a new business generates insufficient revenues or if we are unable to efficiently manage our expanded operations, our results of operations will be adversely affected. Our strategic initiatives may include joint ventures, in which case we will be subject to additional risks and uncertainties in that we may be dependent upon, and subject to liability, losses or reputational damage relating to, systems, controls and personnel that are not under our control.
Employee misconduct could harm us by impairing our ability to attract and retain investors and by subjecting us to significant legal liability, regulatory scrutiny and reputational harm.
Our reputation is critical to maintaining and developing relationships with the investors in our funds, potential fund investors and third parties with whom we do business. In recent years, there have been a number of highly publicized cases involving fraud, conflicts of interest or other misconduct by individuals in the financial services industry. There is a risk that our employees could engage in misconduct that adversely affects our businesses. For example, if an employee were to engage in illegal or suspicious activities, we could be subject to regulatory sanctions and suffer serious harm to our reputation, financial position, investor relationships and ability to attract future investors. It is not always possible to deter employee misconduct, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in all cases. Misconduct by our employees, or even unsubstantiated allegations, could result in a material adverse effect on our reputation and our businesses.
The due diligence process that we undertake in connection with investments by our funds may not reveal all facts that may be relevant in connection with an investment.
Before making investments in private equity and other investments, we conduct due diligence that we deem reasonable and appropriate based on the facts and circumstances applicable to each investment. When conducting
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due diligence, we may be required to evaluate important and complex business, financial, tax, accounting, environmental and legal issues. Outside consultants, legal advisors, accountants and investment banks may be involved in the due diligence process in varying degrees depending on the type of investment. Nevertheless, when conducting due diligence and making an assessment regarding an investment, we rely on the resources available to us, including information provided by the target of the investment and, in some circumstances, third-party investigations. The due diligence investigation that we will carry out with respect to any investment opportunity may not reveal or highlight all relevant facts that may be necessary or helpful in evaluating such investment opportunity. Moreover, such an investigation will not necessarily result in the investment being successful.
Certain of our funds utilize special situation and distressed debt investment strategies that involve significant risks.
Our funds often invest in obligors and issuers with weak financial conditions, poor operating results, substantial financial needs, negative net worth and/or special competitive problems. These funds also invest in obligors and issuers that are involved in bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings. In such situations, it may be difficult to obtain full information as to the exact financial and operating conditions of these obligors and issuers. Additionally, the fair values of such investments are subject to abrupt and erratic market movements and significant price volatility if they are publicly traded securities, and are subject to significant uncertainty in general if they are not publicly traded securities. Furthermore, some of our funds distressed investments may not be widely traded or may have no recognized market. A funds exposure to such investments may be substantial in relation to the market for those investments, and the assets are likely to be illiquid and difficult to sell or transfer. As a result, it may take a number of years for the market value of such investments to ultimately reflect their intrinsic value as perceived by us.
A central feature of our distressed investment strategy is our ability to successfully predict the occurrence of certain corporate events, such as debt and/or equity offerings, restructurings, reorganizations, mergers, takeover offers and other transactions, that we believe will improve the condition of the business. If the corporate event we predict is delayed, changed or never completed, the market price and value of the applicable funds investment could decline sharply.
In addition, these investments could subject us to certain potential additional liabilities that may exceed the value of our original investment. Under certain circumstances, payments or distributions on certain investments may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance, a preferential payment or similar transaction under applicable bankruptcy and insolvency laws. In addition, under certain circumstances, a lender that has inappropriately exercised control of the management and policies of a debtor may have its claims subordinated or disallowed, or may be found liable for damages suffered by parties as a result of such actions. In the case where the investment in securities of troubled companies is made in connection with an attempt to influence a restructuring proposal or plan of reorganization in bankruptcy, our funds may become involved in substantial litigation.
We often pursue investment opportunities that involve business, regulatory, legal or other complexities.
As an element of our investment style, we often pursue unusually complex investment opportunities. This can often take the form of substantial business, regulatory or legal complexity that would deter other investment managers. Our tolerance for complexity presents risks, as such transactions can be more difficult, expensive and time-consuming to finance and execute; it can be more difficult to manage or realize value from the assets acquired in such transactions; and such transactions sometimes entail a higher level of regulatory scrutiny or a greater risk of contingent liabilities. Any of these risks could harm the performance of our funds.
Our funds make investments in companies that we do not control.
Investments by our capital markets funds (and, in certain instances, our private equity funds) will include debt instruments and equity securities of companies that we do not control. Such instruments and securities may be acquired by our funds through trading activities or through purchases of securities from the issuer. In the
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future, our private equity funds may seek to acquire minority equity interests more frequently and may also dispose of a portion of their majority equity investments in portfolio companies over time in a manner that results in the funds retaining a minority investment. Those investments will be subject to the risk that the company in which the investment is made may make business, financial or management decisions with which we do not agree or that the majority stakeholders or the management of the company may take risks or otherwise act in a manner that does not serve our interests. If any of the foregoing were to occur, the values of investments by our funds could decrease and our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow could suffer as a result.
Our funds may face risks relating to undiversified investments.
While diversification is generally an objective of our funds, we cannot give assurance as to the degree of diversification that will actually be achieved in any fund investments. Because a significant portion of a funds capital may be invested in a single investment or portfolio company, a loss with respect to such investment or portfolio company could have a significant adverse impact on such funds capital. This risk is exacerbated by co-investments that we cause AAA to undertake. Accordingly, a lack of diversification on the part of a fund could adversely affect a funds performance and therefore, our financial condition and results of operations.
Some of our funds invest in foreign countries and securities of issuers located outside of the United States, which may involve foreign exchange, political, social and economic uncertainties and risks.
Some of our funds invest a portion of their assets in the equity, debt, loans or other securities of issuers located outside the United States, including, Germany, China and Singapore. In addition to business uncertainties, such investments may be affected by changes in exchange values as well as political, social and economic uncertainty affecting a country or region. Many financial markets are not as developed or as efficient as those in the United States, and as a result, liquidity may be reduced and price volatility may be higher. The legal and regulatory environment may also be different, particularly with respect to bankruptcy and reorganization. Financial accounting standards and practices may differ, and there may be less publicly available information in respect of such companies.
Restrictions imposed or actions taken by foreign governments may adversely impact the value of our fund investments. Such restrictions or actions could include exchange controls, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits or other assets and adoption of other governmental restrictions that adversely affect the prices of securities or the ability to repatriate profits on investments or the capital invested itself. Income received by our funds from sources in some countries may be reduced by withholding and other taxes. Any such taxes paid by a fund will reduce the net income or return from such investments. While our funds will take these factors into consideration in making investment decisions, including when hedging positions, our funds may not be able to fully avoid these risks or generate sufficient risk-adjusted returns.
Third-party investors in our funds will have the right under certain circumstances to terminate commitment periods or to dissolve the funds, and investors in our hedge funds may redeem their investments in our hedge funds at any time after an initial holding period of 12 to 36 months. These events would lead to a decrease in our revenues, which could be substantial.
The governing agreements of certain of our funds allow the limited partners of those funds to (i) terminate the commitment period of the fund in the event that certain key persons (for example, one or more of our managing partners and/or certain other investment professionals) fail to devote the requisite time to managing the fund, (ii) (depending on the fund) terminate the commitment period, dissolve the fund or remove the general partner if we, as general partner or manager, or certain key persons engage in certain forms of misconduct, or (iii) dissolve the fund or terminate the commitment period upon the affirmative vote of a specified percentage of limited partner interests entitled to vote. Both Fund VI and Fund VII, on which our near- to medium-term performance will heavily depend, include a number of such provisions. Also, in order to deconsolidate most of our funds for financial reporting purposes, we amended the governing documents of those funds to provide that a
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simple majority of a funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund. In addition to having a significant negative impact on our revenue, net income and cash flow, the occurrence of such an event with respect to any of our funds would likely result in significant reputational damage to us.
Investors in our hedge funds may also generally redeem their investments on an annual, semiannual or quarterly basis following the expiration of a specified period of time when capital may not be redeemed (typically between one and five years). Fund investors may decide to move their capital away from us to other investments for any number of reasons in addition to poor investment performance. Factors which could result in investors leaving our funds include changes in interest rates that make other investments more attractive, changes in investor perception regarding our focus or alignment of interest, unhappiness with changes in or broadening of a funds investment strategy, changes in our reputation and departures or changes in responsibilities of key investment professionals. In a declining market, the pace of redemptions and consequent reduction in our Assets Under Management could accelerate. The decrease in revenues that would result from significant redemptions in these funds could have a material adverse effect on our businesses, revenues, net income and cash flows.
In addition, the management agreements of all of our funds would be terminated upon an assignment, without the requisite consent, of these agreements, which may be deemed to occur in the event the investment advisers of our funds were to experience a change of control. We cannot be certain that consents required to assignments of our investment management agreements will be obtained if a change of control occurs. In addition, with respect to our publicly traded closed-end mezzanine funds, each funds investment management agreement must be approved annually by the independent members of such funds board of directors and, in certain cases, by its stockholders, as required by law. Termination of these agreements would cause us to lose the fees we earn from such funds.
Our financial projections for portfolio companies could prove inaccurate.
Our funds generally establish the capital structure of portfolio companies on the basis of financial projections for such portfolio companies. These projected operating results will normally be based primarily on management judgments. In all cases, projections are only estimates of future results that are based upon assumptions made at the time that the projections are developed. General economic conditions, which are not predictable, along with other factors may cause actual performance to fall short of the financial projections we used to establish a given portfolio companys capital structure. Because of the leverage we typically employ in our investments, this could cause a substantial decrease in the value of our equity holdings in the portfolio company. The inaccuracy of financial projections could thus cause our funds performance to fall short of our expectations.
Fraud and other deceptive practices could harm fund performance.
Instances of fraud and other deceptive practices committed by senior management of portfolio companies in which an Apollo fund invests may undermine our due diligence efforts with respect to such companies, and if such fraud is discovered, negatively affect the valuation of a funds investments. In addition, when discovered, financial fraud may contribute to overall market volatility that can negatively impact an Apollo funds investment program. As a result, instances of fraud could result in fund performance that is poorer than expected.
Contingent liabilities could harm fund performance.
We may cause our funds to acquire an investment that is subject to contingent liabilities. Such contingent liabilities could be unknown to us at the time of acquisition or, if they are known to us, we may not accurately assess or protect against the risks that they present. Acquired contingent liabilities could thus result in unforeseen losses for our funds. In addition, in connection with the disposition of an investment in a portfolio company, a fund may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of such portfolio company typical of those made in connection with the sale of a business. A fund may also be required to indemnify the
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purchasers of such investment to the extent that any such representations are inaccurate. These arrangements may result in the incurrence of contingent liabilities by a fund, even after the disposition of an investment. Accordingly, the inaccuracy of representations and warranties made by a fund could harm such funds performance.
Our funds may be forced to dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time.
Our funds may make investments that they do not advantageously dispose of prior to the date the applicable fund is dissolved, either by expiration of such funds term or otherwise. Although we generally expect that investments will be disposed of prior to dissolution or be suitable for in-kind distribution at dissolution, and the general partners of the funds have a limited ability to extend the term of the fund with the consent of fund investors or the advisory board of the fund, as applicable, our funds may have to sell, distribute or otherwise dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time as a result of dissolution. This would result in a lower than expected return on the investments and, perhaps, on the fund itself.
Possession of material, non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers.
Our managing partners, investment professionals or other employees may acquire confidential or material non-public information and, as a result, be restricted from initiating transactions in certain securities. This risk affects us more than it does many other investment managers, as we generally do not use information barriers that many firms implement to separate persons who make investment decisions from others who might possess material, non-public information that could influence such decisions. Our decision not to implement these barriers could prevent our investment professionals from undertaking advantageous investments or dispositions that would be permissible for them otherwise.
In order to manage possible risks resulting from our decision not to implement information barriers, our compliance personnel maintain a list of restricted securities as to which we have access to material, non-public information and in which our funds and investment professionals are not permitted to trade. This internal control relating to the management of material non-public information could fail and with the result that we, or one of our investment professionals, might trade when at least constructively in possession of material non-public information. Inadvertent trading on material non-public information could have adverse effects on our reputation, result in the imposition of regulatory or financial sanctions and as a consequence, negatively impact our financial condition. In addition, we could in the future decide that it is advisable to establish information barriers, particularly as our business expands and diversifies. In such event, our ability to operate as an integrated platform will be restricted. The establishment of such information barriers may also lead to operational disruptions and result in restructuring costs, including costs related to hiring additional personnel as existing investment professionals are allocated to either side of such barriers, which may adversely affect our business.
Regulations governing AICs operation as a business development company affect its ability to raise, and the way in which it raises, additional capital.
As a business development company under the Investment Company Act, AIC may issue debt securities or preferred stock and borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, which we refer to collectively as senior securities, up to the maximum amount permitted by the Investment Company Act. Under the provisions of the Investment Company Act, AIC is permitted to issue senior securities only in amounts such that its asset coverage, as defined in the Investment Company Act, equals at least 200% after each issuance of senior securities. If the value of its assets declines, it may be unable to satisfy this test. If that happens, it may be required to sell a portion of its investments and, depending on the nature of its leverage, repay a portion of its indebtedness at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous.
Business development companies may issue and sell common stock at a price below net asset value per share only in limited circumstances, one of which is during the one-year period after stockholder approval. In August 2008, AICs stockholders approved a plan so that AIC may, in one or more public or private offerings of
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its common stock, sell or otherwise issue shares of its common stock at a price below the then current net asset value per share, subject to certain conditions including parameters on the level of permissible dilution, approval of the sale by a majority of its independent directors and a requirement that the sale price be not less than approximately the market price of the shares of its common stock at specified times, less the expenses of the sale. AIC may ask its stockholders for additional approvals from year to year. There is no assurance such approvals will be obtained.
Our hedge funds are subject to numerous additional risks.
Our hedge funds are subject to numerous additional risks, including the risks set forth below.
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Generally, there are few limitations on the execution of these funds investment strategies, which are subject to the sole discretion of the management company or the general partner of such funds. |
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These funds may engage in short-selling, which is subject to a theoretically unlimited risk of loss. |
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These funds are exposed to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with its terms and conditions because of a dispute over the terms of the contract (whether or not bona fide) or because of a credit or liquidity problem, thus causing the fund to suffer a loss. |
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Credit risk may arise through a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their liquidity or operational needs, so that a default by one institution causes a series of defaults by the other institutions. |
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The efficacy of investment and trading strategies depend largely on the ability to establish and maintain an overall market position in a combination of financial instruments, which can be difficult to execute. |
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These funds may make investments or hold trading positions in markets that are volatile and which may become illiquid. |
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These funds investments are subject to risks relating to investments in commodities, futures, options and other derivatives, the prices of which are highly volatile and may be subject to a theoretically unlimited risk of loss in certain circumstances. |
Risks Related to This Offering
There is no existing public market for our Class A shares, and we do not know if one will develop, which could impede your ability to sell your Class A shares and depress the market price of our Class A shares.
Prior to this offering and the IPO, our Class A shares have traded on GSTrUE and, as such, there has not been a public market for our Class A shares. We cannot predict the extent to which investor interest in the company will lead to the development of an active trading market on the NYSE or otherwise or how liquid that market might become. If an active trading market does not develop, you may have difficulty selling any of our Class A shares.
The market price and trading volume of our Class A shares may be volatile, which could result in rapid and substantial losses for our shareholders.
Even if an active trading market develops, the market price of our Class A shares may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volume in our Class A shares may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our Class A shares declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your Class A shares at or above your purchase price, if at all. The market price of our Class A shares may fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect the price of our Class A shares or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our Class A shares include:
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variations in our quarterly operating results or dividends, which variations we expect will be substantial; |
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our policy of taking a long-term perspective on making investment, operational and strategic decisions, which is expected to result in significant and unpredictable variations in our quarterly returns; |
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failure to meet analysts earnings estimates; |
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publication of research reports about us or the investment management industry or the failure of securities analysts to cover our Class A shares after this offering; |
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additions or departures of our managing partners and other key management personnel; |
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adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we may incur or securities we may issue in the future; |
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actions by shareholders; |
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changes in market valuations of similar companies; |
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speculation in the press or investment community; |
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changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations thereof affecting our businesses or enforcement of these laws and regulations, or announcements relating to these matters; |
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a lack of liquidity in the trading of our Class A shares; |
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adverse publicity about the asset management industry generally or individual scandals, specifically; and |
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general market and economic conditions. |
In addition, from time to time, management may also declare special quarterly distributions based on investment realizations. Volatility in the market price may be heightened at or around times of investment realizations as well as following such realization, as a result of speculation as to whether such a distribution may be declared.
An investment in Class A shares is not an investment in any of our funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us.
This prospectus is solely an offer with respect to Class A shares, and is not an offer directly or indirectly of any securities of any of our funds. Class A shares are securities of Apollo Global Management, LLC only. While our historical consolidated and combined financial information includes financial information, including assets and revenues, of certain Apollo funds on a consolidated basis, and our future financial information will continue to consolidate certain of these funds, such assets and revenues are available to the fund and not to us except through management fees, incentive income, distributions and other proceeds arising from agreements with funds, as discussed in more detail in this prospectus.
Our Class A share price may decline due to the large number of shares eligible for future sale and for exchange into Class A shares.
The market price of our Class A shares could decline as a result of sales of a large number of our Class A shares or the perception that such sales could occur. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate. We will have Class A shares outstanding after giving effect to the IPO, not including approximately 32.0 million Class A shares or share units granted to certain employees and consultants under our equity incentive plan, of which approximately 12.1 million were vested as of December 31, 2009 and approximately 19.9 million remain subject to vesting. The Class A shares reserved under our equity incentive plan are increased on the first day of each fiscal year during the plans term by the lesser of (x) the excess of (i) 15% of the number of outstanding Class A shares of the company and the number of outstanding Apollo Operating Group units on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year over (ii) the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under our equity incentive plan as of such date or (y) such lesser amount by which the administrator may decide to increase the number of Class A shares. Following such increase and grants
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of RSUs made through June 30, 2010, 39,272,106 Class A shares remained available for future grant under our equity incentive plan. In addition, Holdings may at any time exchange its Apollo Operating Group units for up to 240,000,000 Class A shares on behalf of our managing partners and contributing partners. We may also elect to sell additional Class A shares in one or more future primary offerings.
Our managing partners and contributing partners, through their partnership interests in Holdings, will own an aggregate of % of the Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO. Subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and contributing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements) each managing partner and contributing partner has the right, upon 60 days notice prior to a designated quarterly date, to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares. BRH Holdings, L.P., Holdings, certain of our executive officers and the Strategic Investors have agreed with the initial purchasers not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is 180 days after the shelf effectiveness date, except with the prior written consent of the representatives of the initial purchasers. In addition, certain of our executive officers, directors, employees and affiliates will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the IPO and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the offering date of the IPO, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the IPO. After the expiration of the applicable lock-up period, these Class A shares will be eligible for resale from time to time, subject to certain contractual restrictions and Securities Act limitations. Under certain circumstances, the applicable lock-up period may be extended.
We and our manager will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the IPO and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the offering date of the IPO, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the IPO.
The selling shareholders in the IPO will also enter into lock-up agreements with the underwriters in the IPO and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the offering date of the IPO, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the IPO.
After the expiration of their lock-up period, our managing partners and contributing partners (through Holdings) will have the ability to cause us to register the Class A shares they acquire upon exchange of their Apollo Operating Group units. Such rights will be exercisable beginning two years after the shelf effectiveness date.
The Strategic Investors will have the ability to cause us to register any of their non-voting Class A shares beginning two years after the shelf effectiveness date, and, generally, may only transfer their non-voting Class A shares prior to such time to its controlled affiliates.
We intend to file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-8 covering the shares issuable under our equity incentive plan. Subject to vesting and contractual lock-up arrangements, upon effectiveness of the registration statement on Form S-8, such shares will be freely tradable.
You will suffer an immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the Class A shares you purchase after giving effect to the IPO.
The assumed initial offering price in the IPO is substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of the outstanding Class A shares immediately after the IPO. Accordingly, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range of $ and $ ), purchasers of Class A shares in the IPO will, and purchasers of Class A shares in this offering may, experience immediate and substantial dilution of approximately $ per share in net tangible book value of the Class A shares after giving effect to the IPO. See Dilution, including the discussion of the effects on dilution from a change in the price of the IPO.
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We cannot assure you that our intended quarterly dividends will be paid each quarter or at all.
Our intention is to distribute to our Class A shareholders on a quarterly basis substantially all of our net after-tax cash flow from operations in excess of amounts determined by our manager to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of our businesses, to make appropriate investments in our businesses and our funds, to comply with applicable laws and regulations, to service our indebtedness or to provide for future distributions to our Class A shareholders for any ensuing quarter. The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend, if any, will be at the sole discretion of our manager, who may change our dividend policy at any time. We cannot assure you that any dividends, whether quarterly or otherwise, will or can be paid. In making decisions regarding our quarterly dividend, our manager considers general economic and business conditions, our strategic plans and prospects, our businesses and investment opportunities, our financial condition and operating results, working capital requirements and anticipated cash needs, contractual restrictions and obligations, legal, tax, regulatory and other restrictions that may have implications on the payment of dividends by us to our common shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us, and such other factors as our manager may deem relevant.
Our managing partners beneficial ownership of interests in the Class B share that we have issued to BRH, the control exercised by our manager and anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control.
Our managing partners, through their ownership of BRH, beneficially own the Class B share that we have issued to BRH. The managing partners interests in such Class B share will represent % of the total combined voting power of our shares entitled to vote after giving effect to the IPO. As a result, they are able to exercise control over all matters requiring the approval of shareholders and are able to prevent a change in control of our company. In addition, our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager, which is owned and controlled by our managing partners, manages all of our operations and activities. The control of our manager will make it more difficult for a potential acquirer to assume control of us. Other provisions in our operating agreement may also make it more difficult and expensive for a third party to acquire control of us even if a change of control would be beneficial to the interests of our shareholders. For example, our operating agreement requires advance notice for proposals by shareholders and nominations, places limitations on convening shareholder meetings, and authorizes the issuance of preferred shares that could be issued by our board of directors to thwart a takeover attempt. In addition, certain provisions of Delaware law may delay or prevent a transaction that could cause a change in our control. The market price of our Class A shares could be adversely affected to the extent that our managing partners control over us, the control exercised by our manager as well as provisions of our operating agreement discourage potential takeover attempts that our shareholders may favor.
We are a Delaware limited liability company, and there are certain provisions in our operating agreement regarding exculpation and indemnification of our officers and directors that differ from the Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL) in a manner that may be less protective of the interests of our Class A shareholders.
Our operating agreement provides that to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law our directors or officers will not be liable to us. However, under the DGCL, a director or officer would be liable to us for (i) breach of duty of loyalty to us or our shareholders, (ii) intentional misconduct or knowing violations of the law that are not done in good faith, (iii) improper redemption of shares or declaration of dividend, or (iv) a transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. In addition, our operating agreement provides that we indemnify our directors and officers for acts or omissions to the fullest extent provided by law. However, under the DGCL, a corporation can only indemnify directors and officers for acts or omissions if the director or officer acted in good faith, in a manner he reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation, and, in criminal action, if the officer or director had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. Accordingly, our operating agreement may be less protective of the interests of our Class A shareholders, when compared to the DGCL, insofar as it relates to the exculpation and indemnification of our officers and directors.
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S PECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the statements under Prospectus Summary, Risk Factors, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Business and elsewhere in this prospectus may contain forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and financial performance. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking words such as outlook, believes, expects, potential, continues, may, should, seeks, approximately, predicts, intends, plans, estimates, anticipates or the negative version of those words or other comparable words. Any forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are based upon our historical performance and our current plans, estimates and expectations. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the future plans, estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and assumptions relating to our operations, financial results, financial condition, business prospects, growth strategy and liquidity. If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those indicated in these statements. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the risk factors and other cautionary statements that are included in this prospectus. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
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M ARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA AND FORECASTS
This prospectus includes market and industry data and forecasts from independent consultant reports, publicly available information, various industry publications, other published industry sources and our internal data, estimates and forecasts. Independent consultant reports, industry publications and other published industry sources generally indicate that the information contained therein was obtained from sources believed to be reliable.
Our internal data, estimates and forecasts are based upon information obtained from our investors, partners, trade and business organizations and other contacts in the markets in which we operate and our managements understanding of industry conditions. Although we believe that such information is reliable, we have not had such information verified by any independent sources.
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Apollo Global Management, LLC was formed as a Delaware limited liability company for the purposes of completing the Reorganization, the Strategic Investors Transaction and the Private Offering Transactions and conducting our businesses as a publicly held entity. Apollo Global Management, LLC is a holding company whose primary assets are 100% of the general partner interests in each limited partnership included in the Apollo Operating Group, which is described below under ReorganizationHolding Company Structure. After giving effect to the IPO, % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be held by Apollo Global Management, LLC through intermediate holding companies, and the remaining % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be owned directly by Holdings, an entity 100% owned, directly and indirectly, by our managing partners and contributing partners. The limited partner interests that the company and Holdings own in the Apollo Operating Group entities represent the companys and Holdings economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. With limited exceptions, the Apollo Operating Group owns each of the operating entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements as described below under ReorganizationOur Assets. Prior to the Reorganization, our business was conducted through a number of entities as to which there was no single holding entity but that were separately owned by our managing partners. In order to facilitate the Rule 144A Offering, which closed on August 8, 2007, we effected the Reorganization to form a new holding company structure. Additional entities were formed in 2008 to create our current holding company structure.
Apollo Global Management, LLC is owned by its Class A and Class B shareholders. Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share vote as a single class on all matters presented to the shareholders, although the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights in respect of any of their Class A shares. We have issued to BRH a single Class B share solely for purposes of granting voting power to BRH. BRH is the general partner of Holdings and is a Cayman Islands exempted company owned and controlled by our managing partners. The Class B share does not represent an economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. The voting power of the Class B share will, however, increase or decrease with corresponding changes in Holdings economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group.
Our shareholders vote together as a single class on the limited set of matters on which shareholders have a vote. Such matters include a proposed sale of all or substantially all of our assets, certain mergers and consolidations, certain amendments to our operating agreement and an election by our manager to dissolve the company.
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The diagram below depicts our current organizational structure after giving effect to the IPO. (1)
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(1) | Adjusted numbers giving effect to the IPO assume that Class A shares are offered and sold by Apollo Global Management, LLC, and the net proceeds thereof are contributed to the Apollo Operating Group, thereby increasing the economic interest held by our Class A shareholders, taken as a whole, in the Apollo Operating Group from % to %. |
(2) | After giving effect to the IPO, the Public Investors will hold % of the Class A shares, the CS Investor will hold % of the Class A shares, and the Strategic Investors will hold % of the Class A shares. After giving effect to the IPO, the Class A shares held by the Public Investors will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. After giving effect to the IPO, Class A shares held by the CS Investor will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights and after giving effect to the IPO, will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Such Class A shares will become entitled to vote upon transfers by a Strategic Investor in accordance with the agreements entered into in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
(3) | Our managing partners own BRH, which in turn holds our only outstanding Class B share. After giving effect to the IPO, the Class B share will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote but no economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. Our managing partners economic interests are instead represented by their indirect ownership, through Holdings, of % of the limited partner interests in the Apollo Operating Group after giving effect to the IPO. |
(4) | Through BRH Holdings, L.P., our managing partners own limited partnership interests in Holdings. |
(5) | After giving effect to the IPO, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. The Apollo Operating Group units held by Holdings are exchangeable for Class A shares, as described below under ReorganizationEquity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners. Our managing partners, through their interest in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO. Our contributing partners, through their ownership interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO. |
(6) | BRH is the sole member of AGM Management, LLC, our manager. The management of Apollo Global Management, LLC is vested in our manager as provided in our operating agreement. See Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a description of the authority that our manager exercises. |
(7) | After giving effect to the IPO, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity, held through intermediate holding companies. Apollo Global Management, LLC also indirectly owns 100% of the general partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. |
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(1) | Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 50% and 67% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. also holds 100% of the limited partner interests in Apollo Co-Investors VI (D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (D), L.P. The general partner interest in Apollo Co-Investors VI (D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (D), L.P. is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. is also the sole owner of AGRE CMBS GP LLC. |
(2) | Other than with respect to AAA Guernsey Limited and the general partner of AAA Associates, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. With respect to AAA Guernsey Limited and the general partner of AAA Associates, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. holds 45% of the non-economic general partner interests in these entities. The remaining 55% non-economic general partner interest of AAA Guernsey Limited and the general partner of AAA Associates, L.P. is owned by an individual who is not an affiliate of Apollo. Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. also holds between 54% and 100% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these foreign general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. also holds 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign private equity co-invest vehicles set forth below its name in the chart above. The general partner interest in the foreign private equity co-invest vehicles is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. |
(3) | Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 59% and 67% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these foreign general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. holds 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign private equity and foreign capital markets co-invest vehicles set forth below its name. The general partner interest in the foreign private equity and foreign capital markets co-invest vehicles is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. is also the sole owner of Apollo COF Investor, LLC. |
(4) | Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 65% and 100% of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
(5) | Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 65% and 100% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
(6) | Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 95% and 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in the foreign general partners are held by certain of our professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
(7) | Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 59% and 67% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. also holds 100% of the limited partner interests in Apollo Co-Investors VI (DC-D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (DC-D), L.P. The general partner interest in Apollo Co-Investors VI (DC-D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (DC-D), L.P. is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our Managing Partners. Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. is also the sole owner of A/A Investor I, LLC and Apollo Credit Liquidity Investor, LLC. |
(8) | Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. holds 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign capital markets co-invest vehicles set forth below its name in the chart above. The general partner interest in Apollo EPF Co-Investors (B), L.P. is held by Apollo EPF Administration, Limited, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. The general partner interest in Apollo AIE II Co-Investors (B), L.P. is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. |
(9) | Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. holds 100% of the management companies comprising the investment advisors of all of Apollos funds including AIC, AIE I and AAA; however, a portion of the management fees, incentive income and other fees payable to these investment advisors are allocated to certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations (included elsewhere in this prospectus), as described in more detail under ReorganizationOur Assets. |
(10) | Apollo Advisors IV, L.P. is the general partner of Fund IV, Apollo Advisors V, L.P. is the general partner of Fund V, Apollo Advisors VI, L.P. is the general partner of Fund VI and Apollo Advisors VII, L.P. is the general partner of Fund VII. Certain offshore vehicles that comprise the foregoing funds also have an administrative general partner, which is an affiliate of the foregoing general partner. AGRE CMBS GP LLC is the sole general partner of AGRE CMBS Fund L.P. |
(11) |
Apollo Advisors V (EH Cayman), L.P. is the sole general partner of Fund Vs Cayman Islands alternative investment vehicles. Apollo Advisors VI (EH), L.P. is the sole general partner of certain of Fund VIs Cayman Islands alternative investment vehicles. Apollo Advisors VII (EH), L.P. is the sole general partner of one of Fund VIIs Cayman Islands alternative investment vehicle. AAA Associates, L.P. is the sole general partner of AAA Investments, the limited partnership through which AAAs investments are made. AAA Guernsey Limited is the sole general partner of AAA. |
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(12) | Apollo Advisors VI (APO FC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VI. Apollo Advisors VII (APO FC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VII. |
(13) | Apollo Credit Opportunity Advisors I, L.P. is the sole general partner of COF I. Apollo Credit Opportunity Advisors II, L.P. is the sole general partner of COF II. Apollo Credit Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of Apollo/Palmetto Loan Portfolio, L.P. |
(14) | Apollo SVF Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of SVF. Apollo Asia Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of AAOF. Apollo Credit Liquidity Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of ACLF. Apollo Value Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of VIF. Apollo SOMA Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of SOMA. A/A Capital Management, LLC is the sole general partner of Artus. Apollo Palmetto Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of Palmetto. Certain offshore vehicles that comprise the foregoing funds also have an administrative general partner, which is an affiliate of the foregoing general partners. |
(15) | Apollo EPF Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of EPF. Apollo Europe Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of AIE II. |
(16) | Apollo Advisors VI (APO DC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VI. Apollo Advisors VII (APO DC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VII. |
Holding Company Structure
Apollo Global Management, LLC, through three intermediate holding companies (APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC), will own % of the economic interests of, and operate and control all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries after giving effect to the IPO. Holdings will own the remaining % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group after giving effect to the IPO. Apollo Global Management, LLC consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as a minority interest in Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated financial statements.
The Apollo Operating Group consists of the following partnerships: Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes).
Apollo Global Management, LLC conducts all of its material business activities through the Apollo Operating Group. Substantially all of our expenses, including substantially all expenses solely incurred by or attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC are borne by the Apollo Operating Group; provided that obligations incurred under the tax receivable agreement by Apollo Global Management, LLC or its wholly-owned subsidiaries (which currently consist of our three intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC), income tax expenses of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and indebtedness incurred by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are borne solely by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships holds interests in different businesses or entities organized in different jurisdictions. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds as well as the domestic general partner of one of our real estate funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds and
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certain of our capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. generally hold our foreign general partners of private equity funds, including the foreign general partner of AAA Investments, our private equity foreign co-invest vehicles, one of our capital markets foreign co-invest vehicles, and one of our capital markets domestic co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. holds our foreign general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. holds two capital markets foreign co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. holds the domestic general partner of certain of our capital markets funds; and AMH holds the management companies for each of our private equity funds (including AAA), our capital markets funds and our real estate funds.
In summary:
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Apollo Global Management, LLC is a holding company; |
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Through its intermediate holding companies, Apollo Global Management, LLC, holds equity interests in, and is the sole general partner of, each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships; |
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Each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships has an identical number of partnership units outstanding; |
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Apollo Global Management, LLC holds, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, a number of Apollo Operating Group units equal to the number of Class A shares that Apollo Global Management, LLC has issued; |
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The Apollo Operating Group units that are held by Apollo Global Management, LLCs wholly-owned subsidiaries are economically identical in all respects to the Apollo Operating Group units that are held by the managing partners and contributing partners through Holdings; and |
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Apollo Global Management, LLC conducts all of its material business activities through the Apollo Operating Group partnerships. |
Accordingly, and similar in many respects to the structure referred to as an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or UPREIT, that is frequently used in the real estate industry:
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Our business is conducted through limited partnerships of which Apollo Global Management, LLC, indirectly through wholly-owned subsidiaries, is the sole general partner; |
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Our managing partners and contributing partners, through Holdings, hold equity interests in these limited partnerships that are exchangeable for the Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC; and |
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If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. |
We intend to cause the Apollo Operating Group to make distributions to its partners, including Apollo Global Management, LLCs wholly-owned subsidiaries, in order to fund any distributions Apollo Global Management, LLC may declare on its Class A shares. If the Apollo Operating Group makes such distributions, the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group will be entitled to receive distributions pro rata based on their partnership interests in the Apollo Operating Group.
The partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships provide for cash distributions, which we refer to as tax distributions, to the partners of such partnerships if the wholly-owned subsidiaries of Apollo Global Management, LLC that wholly own the general partners of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships determine that the taxable income of the relevant partnership will give rise to taxable income for its partners. Generally, these tax distributions will be computed based on our estimate of the net taxable income of
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the relevant partnership allocable to a partner multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. Federal, state and local income tax rate prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account the nondeductibility of certain expenses and the character of our income). The Apollo Operating Group partnerships will make tax distributions only to the extent distributions from such partnerships for the relevant year are otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities.
Our Manager
Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo Group (as defined below) beneficially owns at least 10% of the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares, our manager, which is 100% owned by BRH, will conduct, direct and manage all activities of Apollo Global Management, LLC. We refer to the Apollo Groups beneficial ownership of at least 10% of such voting power as the Apollo control condition. So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it. See Description of Shares.
For purposes of our operating agreement, the Apollo Group means (i) our manager and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (ii) Holdings and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (iii) with respect to each managing partner, such managing partner and such managing partners group (as defined in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), (iv) any former or current investment professional of or other employee of an Apollo employer (as defined below) or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group), (v) any former or current executive officer of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group); and (vi) any former or current director of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group). With respect to any person, Apollo employer means Apollo Global Management, LLC or such other entity controlled by Apollo Global Management, LLC or its successor as may be such persons employer.
Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share have no right to elect our manager, which is controlled by our managing partners through BRH. Although our manager has no business activities other than the management of our businesses, conflicts of interest may arise in the future between us and our Class A shareholders, on the one hand, and our managing partners, on the other. The resolution of these conflicts may not always be in our best interests or those of our Class A shareholders. We describe the potential conflicts of interest in greater detail under Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructurePotential conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders on the other hand. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders. We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. Our operating agreement does not limit the amount of expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates.
Our Assets
Prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our managing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group their interests in each of the entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements, but excluding the excluded assets described below under Excluded Assets. As discussed further below, the managing partners received partnership interests in Holdings (representing an indirect ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units) in respect of the interests they contributed to the Apollo Operating Group.
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More specifically, prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our managing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group the intellectual property rights associated with the Apollo name and the indicated equity interests in the following businesses (other than the excluded assets), which we refer to collectively as the Contributed Businesses:
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100% of the investment advisors of all of Apollos funds, which provide investment management services to, and are entitled to any management fees and incentive income payable in respect of, these funds, as well as transaction, advisory and other fees that may be payable by these funds portfolio companies, other than the percentage of fees that has been allocated or that we determine to allocate to our professionals, as described below. |
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With respect to Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI and AAA, which constituted all of our private equity funds that were either actively investing or had a meaningful amount of unrealized investments: |
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100% of the entire non-economic general partner interests in the general partners of such funds, which non-economic interests give the Apollo Operating Group control of these funds; |
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100% of the economic interests in the managing general partner of AAA; and |
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46% to 57% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the general partners of such funds, representing 46% to 57% of the carried interest earned in relation to investments by such funds; this includes all of the carried interest in these funds that had been allocated to our managing partners, with the remainder of such carried interest continuing to be held by certain of our professionals. |
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With respect to a number of our capital markets funds (the Value Funds, AAOF, SOMA and EPF): |
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100% of the entire non-economic general partner interests in the general partners of these funds, which non-economic interests give the Apollo Operating Group control of these funds; and |
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54% to 100% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the general partners of these funds, representing 54% to 100% of the incentive income earned in relation to investments by these funds; this includes all of the incentive income in these funds that had been allocated to our managing partners, with the remainder of such incentive income continuing to be held by certain of our professionals. |
In addition, prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our contributing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group a portion of their points. We refer to such contributed points as partner-contributed interests. In return for a contribution of points, each contributing partner received an interest in Holdings (representing an indirect, unit-for-unit ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units).
Prior to the exchange, the points held by each managing partner and contributing partner were designated values based upon the estimated 2007 cash flows of each entity that was contributed to the Apollo Operating Group and from which such partner was to receive management fees and incentive income. The 2007 estimated cash flow of the entities contributed was agreed between the managing partners and the contributing partners to be the best proxy for measuring of the total value of the interests that were contributed by each partner to the Apollo Operating Group. The partnership interests in Holdings that were granted to each managing partner and contributing partner, correspond to the aggregate value of the points such partner contributed. Specifically, for purposes of determining the number of Apollo Operating Group units each managing partner and contributing partner was to receive, the aggregate value of the points contributed by a given partner was divided by the aggregate value of all points contributed by all of the managing partners and contributing partners to determine a percentage of the ownership such partner had in the Apollo Operating Group prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and the Strategic Investors Transaction (for each managing partner and contributing partner, his or her AOG Ownership Percentage). In order to achieve the offering size targeted in the Private Offering Transactions within the proposed offering price range per Class A share, the managing partners also determined the aggregate amount of units that the Apollo Operating Group should issue and have outstanding immediately prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic
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Investors Transaction. This aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units was then allocated to each managing partner and contributing partner based upon their respective AOG Ownership Percentage. For example, if a partner contributed points constituting an AOG Ownership Percentage of 10% of the aggregate value of all points contributed to the Apollo Operating Group, such partner received 10% of the aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units issued and outstanding prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic Investors Transaction.
Each contributing partner continues to own directly those points that such partner did not contribute to the Apollo Operating Group or sell to the Apollo Operating Group in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. Each contributing partner remained entitled (on an individual basis and not through ownership interests in Holdings) to receive payments in respect of his partner-contributed interests with respect to fiscal year 2007 based on the date his partner-contributed interests were contributed or sold as described below under Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization. The Strategic Investors similarly received a pro rata portion of our net income prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions for our fiscal year 2007, calculated in the same manner as for the managing partners and contributing partners, as described in more detail under Strategic Investors Transaction. In addition, we issued points in Fund VII, and intend to issue points in future funds, to our contributing partners and other of our professionals.
As a result of these contributions and the contributions of our managing partners, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries generally are entitled to:
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all management fees payable in respect of all our current and future funds as well as transaction and other fees that may be payable by these funds portfolio companies (other than fees that certain of our professionals have a right to receive, as described below); |
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50% 66% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments by both our current private equity and capital markets funds (with the remainder of such incentive income continuing to be held by certain of our professionals); |
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all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments made by our future private equity and capital markets funds, other than the percentage we determine to allocate to our professionals, as described below; and |
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all returns on current or future investments of our own capital in the funds we sponsor and manage. |
With respect to our existing funds that are currently investing as well as any future funds that we may sponsor, we intend to continue to allocate a portion of the management fees, transaction and advisory fees and incentive income earned in relation to these funds to our professionals, including the contributing partners, in order to better align their interests with our own and with those of the investors in these funds. Our current estimate is that approximately 30% to 50% of carried interest income earned in relation to our funds will be allocated to our investment professionals, although these percentages may fluctuate up or down over time. When apportioning carried interest income to our professionals, we typically cause our general partners in the underlying funds to issue these professionals limited partner interests, thereby causing our percentage ownership of the limited partner interests in these general partners to fluctuate. Our managing partners will not receive any allocations of carried interest income, and all of their rights to receive carried interest income earned in relation to our actively investing funds and future funds will be solely through their ownership of Apollo Operating Group units until July 13, 2012.
In addition, we expect to continue to pay approximately 35% to 50% of management fees and transaction and advisory fees to our employees for salary, bonus and benefit costs, excluding equity-based compensation. These percentages may fluctuate over time based on our actual performance each year.
The income of the Apollo Operating Group (including management fees, transaction and advisory fees, and carried interest income) benefits Apollo Global Management, LLC to the extent of its equity interest in the Apollo Operating Group. See BusinessFees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination.
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Excluded Assets
Excluded assets consist of any direct or indirect interest in the following, whether existing now or in the future:
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any personal investment or co-investment in any fund or co-investment vehicle by any managing partner or a related group member, as defined below (including any future personal investments or co-investments and investments funded through any Apollo management fee waiver program, which allows each of our managing partners to waive the right to receive any future distribution that he would otherwise be entitled to receive on a periodic basis from AMH in respect of management fees from certain private equity funds in exchange for a profits interest in the applicable Apollo fund, which satisfies his obligation to make a capital contribution to such fund in the amount of the waived management fee), although no managing partner may waive compensation that would not otherwise be paid to the managing partner, directly or indirectly, from the members of the Apollo Operating Group; |
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amounts owed, directly or indirectly, to any managing partner or a related group member by an Apollo fund pursuant to any fee deferral arrangement in an investment management agreement; |
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any direct or indirect amounts owed to any managing partner or a related group member pursuant to any escrow of Fund VI carried interest payments, or escrowed carry, to secure the obligation of the general partner of Fund VI pursuant to its organizational documents; |
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Apollo Real Estate or Ares, which are funds formerly managed by us but in which neither we nor our managing partners continue to exert any managerial control although our managing partners continue to have minority interests in such entities, including their general partners and management companies; |
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the general partners of Funds I, II and III; |
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compensation and benefits paid or given to a managing partner consistent with the terms of his employment agreement; |
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director options issued prior to January 1, 2007 by any portfolio company; |
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Hamlet Holdings, LLC, an entity partially owned by our managing partners (without any economics) that has 100% voting control over the investment of Fund VI in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. and that will remain exclusively in the personal control of the managing partners; and |
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other miscellaneous, non-core assets. |
The excluded assets were not contributed to the Apollo Operating Group; however, due to the existence of a common control group, Funds I, II and III and the general partner are consolidated in our historical financial statements for the periods prior to July 13, 2007.
With respect to our contributing partners, excluded assets includes all points not contributed to the Apollo Operating Group or purchased in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction, any personal investment or co-investment in any fund or co-investment vehicle by any contributing partner, the right to receive escrowed carry and all other assets not specifically described in this prospectus as being contributed to the Apollo Operating Group.
Related group member means, with respect to each of our managing partners, (i) such managing partners spouse, (ii) a lineal descendant of such managing partners parents, the spouse of any such descendant or a lineal descendent of any such spouse, (iii) a charitable institution controlled by such managing partner or one of his related group members, (iv) a trustee of a trust (whether inter vivos or testamentary), all of the current beneficiaries and presumptive remaindermen of which are one or more of such managing partners and persons described in clauses (i) through (iii) of this definition, (v) a corporation, limited liability company or partnership, of which all of the outstanding shares of capital stock or interests therein are owned by one or more of such managing partners and persons described in clauses (i) through (iv) of this definition, (vi) an individual mandated
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under a qualified domestic relations order, or (vii) a legal or personal representative of such managing partner in the event of his death or disability; for purposes of this definition, (x) lineal descendants shall not include individuals adopted after attaining the age of 18 years and such adopted persons descendants, (y) presumptive remaindermen shall refer to those persons entitled to a share of a trusts assets if it were then to terminate, and (z) no managing partner shall ever be deemed a related group member of another managing partner.
Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
Our managing partners, through their interests in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units and, through their ownership of BRH, the Class B share that we have issued to BRH, in each case after giving effect to the IPO. The Agreement Among Managing Partners provides that each managing partners interest in the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds indirectly through his interest in Holdings is subject to vesting. Each of Messrs. Harris and Rowan vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 60 equal monthly installments, and Mr. Black vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units and in 72 equal monthly installments. Although the Agreement Among Managing Partners was entered into on July 13, 2007, for purposes of its vesting provisions, our managing partners are credited for their employment with us since January 1, 2007. In the event that a managing partner terminates his employment with us for any reason, he will be required to forfeit the unvested portion of his Apollo Operating Group units to the other managing partners. The number of Apollo Operating Group units that must be forfeited upon termination depends on the cause of the termination. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners. However, this agreement may be amended and the terms and conditions of the agreement may be changed or modified upon the unanimous approval of the managing partners. We, our shareholders (other than our Strategic Investors, as set forth under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision of this agreement or to prevent the managing partners from amending the agreement or waiving any of its obligations.
Pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, no managing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of his Equity Interests for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date, subject to certain exceptions, including an exception for certain transactions entered into by one or more managing partners the results of which are that the managing partners no longer exercise control over us or the Apollo Operating Group or no longer hold at least 50.1% of the economic interests in us or the Apollo Operating Group. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our managing partners and the exceptions to such transfer restrictions are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders AgreementTransfer Restrictions. Our managing partners and contributing partners also were granted demand, piggyback and shelf registration rights through Holdings which are exercisable six months after the shelf effectiveness date.
Our contributing partners, through their interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO. Pursuant to the Roll-Up Agreements, no contributing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of his Equity Interests for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our contributing partners are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsRoll-Up Agreements.
Subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements described above), upon 60 days written notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner will have the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept) and to distribute the net proceeds of such sale to such managing partner or contributing partner. We have reserved for issuance 240,000,000 Class A shares, corresponding to the number of existing Apollo Operating Group units held indirectly through Holdings by our managing partners and contributing partners. Upon receipt of the notice described above, APO Corp., one of our
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intermediate holding companies, will purchase from us the number of Class A shares that are exchangeable for the Apollo Operating Group units to be surrendered by the managing partner or contributing partner. To effect the exchange, a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, must then simultaneously exchange one Apollo Operating Group unit, being an equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity, for each Class A share received from our intermediate holding companies. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly decreased. If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. We considered whether this redemption feature results in accounting implications under U.S. GAAP which requires securities with redemption features that are not solely within the control of the issuer to be classified outside of permanent equity. The extent of our obligation is to (i) exchange physical Class A shares for Apollo Operating Group units and (ii) sell the shares at the prevailing market price on behalf of the holder. We never have any future cash obligations to the unit holders. Specifically, in the event we are unable to sell the Class A shares, we are not required to provide liquidity to the holders of Apollo Operating Group units in any manner. Rather, in the event that we were unable to sell the Class A shares, the transaction would essentially be unwound and the Class A shares would be converted back to Apollo Operating Group units. Based on U.S. GAAP and the terms of this feature, we are deemed to control settlement by delivery of our own shares, and as noted above, we have reserved for issuance a sufficient number of shares to settle any contracts. As such, Non-Controlling Interest is reported in the consolidated and combined financial statements of the company within shareholders equity, separately from the total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders equity.
Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
Certain of our private equity funds and capital markets funds have historically been consolidated into our financial statements, due to our controlling interest in certain funds notwithstanding that we have only a non-controlling equity interest in these funds. Consequently, our pre-Reorganization financial statements do not reflect our ownership interest at fair value in these funds, but rather reflect on a gross basis the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows of our funds. We amended the governing documents of most of our funds to provide that a simple majority of the funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund. These amendments, which became effective on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, deconsolidated these funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements. Accordingly, we no longer reflect the share that other parties own in total assets and Non-Controlling Interests in these respective funds. The deconsolidation of these funds will present our financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and the related risks. Accordingly, we believe that deconsolidating these funds will provide investors with a better understanding of our business. We did not seek or receive any consideration from the investors in our funds for granting them these rights. There was no change in either our equity or net income as a result of the deconsolidation.
Distribution to Our Managing Partners Prior to the Private Offering Transactions
On April 20, 2007, AMH, one of the entities in the Apollo Operating Group, entered into the AMH credit facility, under which AMH borrowed a $1.0 billion variable-rate term loan. We used these borrowings to make a $986.6 million distribution to our managing partners and to pay related fees and expenses. This distribution was a distribution of prior undistributed earnings, and an advance on possible future earnings, of AMH. As a result, this distribution caused the managing partners accumulated equity basis in AMH to become negative. The AMH credit facility is guaranteed by Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Capital Management, L.P.; Apollo International Management, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.; and AAA Holdings, L.P. and matures on April 20, 2014. It is secured by (i) a first priority lien on substantially all assets of AMH and the guarantors and (ii) a pledge of the equity interests of each of the guarantors, in each case subject to customary carveouts.
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Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization
We made distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners that represented all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to July 13, 2007. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to July 13, 2007 or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to July 13, 2007 were treated as having been earned prior to that date. Undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were $238.4 million and $148.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the undistributed earnings that were attributable to the managing partners for the sold portion of their interest were zero. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the undistributed earnings that were attributable to the contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were zero. The undistributed earnings attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners were recorded in the consolidated and combined financial statements as a component of due to affiliates and profit sharing payable, respectively.
In addition, we have also entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay them 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. In our condensed consolidated financial statements, the item due to affiliates includes $499.0 million and $514.0 million that was payable to our managing partners and contributing partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement as of both June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
As part of the Reorganization, the managing partners and the contributing partners received the following:
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Apollo Operating Group units having a fair value per unit of $24 and $20 issued to the managing partners and contributing partners, respectively on issuance date with a total approximate value of $5.6 billion (subject to five- or six-year forfeiture); |
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$1.2 billion in cash in July 2007, excluding any potential contingent consideration; |
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In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution related to a contingent consideration of $37.7 million. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC. Included in the distribution were AAA RDUs valued at approximately $12.7 million and a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of deferred compensation units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.8 million; and |
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The fair value of carried interest related to the sale of portfolio companies where definitive sales contracts were executed but had not closed at July 13, 2007. We accrued an estimated payment of approximately $387.0 million at December 31, 2007, of which $200.2 million was distributed during the year ended December 31, 2008. The definitive sales contract in respect of which the remaining $186.8 million was accrued, was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2008 and as a result, no amounts were accrued at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. |
Strategic Investors Transaction
On July 13, 2007, we sold securities to the Strategic Investors in return for a total investment of $1.2 billion. The Strategic Investors are two of the largest alternative asset investors in the world and have been significant investors with us in multiple funds, covering a variety of strategies. In total, from our inception through the date hereof, the Strategic Investors have invested or committed to invest approximately $7.6 billion of capital in us and our funds. The Strategic Investors have been significant supporters of our integrated platform, having invested in multiple private equity and capital markets funds. The Strategic Investors have no obligation to invest further in our funds, and any future investments by the Strategic Investors in our funds or other alternative investment categories will likely depend on the performance of our funds, the performance of each Strategic Investors overall investment portfolio and other investment opportunities available to them.
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Through our intermediate holding companies, we used all of the proceeds from the issuance of the securities to the Strategic Investors to purchase from our managing partners 17.4% of their Apollo Operating Group units for an aggregate purchase price of $1,068 million, and to purchase from our contributing partners a portion of their points for an aggregate purchase price of $156.4 million, excluding any potential contingent consideration. Upon completion of the Private Offering Transactions, the securities sold to the Strategic Investors converted into non-voting Class A shares, which will represent % of our issued and outstanding Class A shares and % of the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group, in each case, after giving effect to the IPO. Based on our agreement with the Strategic Investors, we were obligated to distribute to the Strategic Investors the greater of 7% on the convertible notes issued or a pro rata portion of our net income for our fiscal year 2007, based on (i) their proportionate interests in Apollo Operating Group units during the period after the Strategic Investors Transaction and prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions, and (ii) the number of days elapsed during such period. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions was treated as having been earned prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions. On August 8, 2007, we paid approximately $6 million in interest expense on the convertible notes and as a result of our net loss we have no further obligations for 2007 to pay the Strategic Investors.
In connection with the sale of securities to the Strategic Investors, we entered into the Lenders Rights Agreement with the Strategic Investors. For a more detailed summary of the Lenders Rights Agreement, see Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights Agreement.
We believe that under current law, Apollo Global Management, LLC will be treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. An entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is not a taxable entity and incurs no U.S. Federal income tax liability. Instead, each partner is required to take into account its allocable share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of the partnership in computing its own U.S. Federal income tax liability, regardless of whether cash distributions have been made. Investors in this offering will be deemed to be limited partners of Apollo Global Management, LLC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations for a summary discussing certain U.S. Federal income tax considerations related to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A shares as of the date of this offering.
On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010 that would, if enacted in its present form, cause Apollo Global Management, LLC to become taxable as a corporation, which would cause significant adverse tax consequences for us and/or the holders of Class A shares. Such legislation does provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects and Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructureMembers of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares and Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
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The CS Investor purchased from us in a private placement that closed on August 8, 2007, concurrently with the Rule 144A Offering an aggregate of $180 million of the Class A shares at a price per share equal to $24, or 7,500,000 Class A shares, representing % of the total number of our Class A shares outstanding after giving effect to the IPO.
Apollo Global Management, LLC contributed the net proceeds it received in the Private Offering Transactions to its wholly-owned subsidiaries, APO Asset Co., LLC and APO Corp. These wholly-owned subsidiaries then contributed the funds to the Apollo Operating Group.
Amounts contributed to the Apollo Operating Group concurrently with the Private Offering Transactions diluted (i) the percentage ownership interests of our managing partners (held indirectly through Holdings) in those entities by 7.4% to 62.4%, and (ii) the percentage ownership interests of our contributing partners (held indirectly through Holdings) in those entities by 1.1% to 9.1%. The relative percentage ownership interests in the Apollo Operating Group held by Apollo Global Management, LLC, our managing partners and our contributing partners will continue to change over time including as a result of the IPO. Potential future events that would result in a relative increase in the number of Apollo Operating Group units held by Apollo Global Management, LLC, and result in a corresponding dilution of our managing partners and contributing partners percentage ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group include (i) issuances of Class A shares (assuming that the proceeds of any such issuance is contributed to the Apollo Operating Group), (ii) the conversion by our managing partners or contributing partners of their Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares and (iii) any offers, from time to time, at the discretion of our manager, to purchase from our managing partners and contributing partners their Apollo Operating Group units.
As a result of the Reorganization, the Strategic Investors Transaction and the Private Offering Transactions:
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Apollo Global Management, LLC, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, will hold % of the outstanding Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO; |
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our managing partners, through BRH and Holdings, will hold % of the outstanding Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO; |
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our contributing partners, through Holdings, will hold % of the outstanding Apollo Operating Group units after giving effect to the IPO; |
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the Strategic Investors own 60,000,001 of our non-voting Class A shares will represent % of our Class A shares outstanding after giving effect to the IPO, which will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group units; |
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our managing partners, through BRH, own the single Class B share of Apollo Global Management, LLC; |
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on those few matters that may be submitted for a vote of the shareholders of Apollo Global Management, LLC, our Class A shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors) will collectively have % of the voting power of, and our Class B shareholder will have % of the voting power of, Apollo Global Management, LLC, in each case after giving effect to the IPO; |
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APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC or APO (FC), LLC, as applicable, is the sole general partner of each of the entities that constitute the Apollo Operating Group; accordingly, we operate and control the businesses of the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries; and |
93
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net profits, net losses and distributions of the Apollo Operating Group are generally allocated and made to its partners on a pro rata basis in accordance with their respective Apollo Operating Group units; accordingly, net profits and net losses allocable to Apollo Operating Group partners will initially be allocated, and distributions will initially be made, approximately % indirectly to us, approximately % indirectly to our managing partners and approximately % indirectly to our contributing partners, in each case after giving effect to the IPO. |
94
We are registering these Class A shares for resale pursuant to the registration rights granted to the selling shareholders in connection with the Rule 144A Offering and the Private Placement. We will not receive any proceeds from the sale of the Class A shares offered by this prospectus. The net proceeds from the sale of the Class A shares by this prospectus will be received by the selling shareholders.
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Dividend Policy for Class A Shares
Our intention is to distribute to our Class A shareholders on a quarterly basis substantially all of our net after-tax cash flow from operations in excess of amounts determined by our manager to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of our businesses, to make appropriate investments in our businesses and our funds, to comply with applicable law, to service our indebtedness or to provide for future distributions to our Class A shareholders for any ensuing quarter.
On April 4, 2008, we announced our first cash distribution amounting to $0.33 per Class A share, resulting from the first quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.17 per Class A share primarily resulting from the sale by Fund V of Goodman Global, Inc., one of its portfolio companies, to affiliates of another private equity firm, in February 2008. The $111.3 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $32.2 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed to its Class A shareholders of record on April 18, 2008. Additionally, on July 15, 2008, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.23 per Class A share, resulting from our second quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.07 per Class A share primarily resulting from realizations from (i) portfolio companies of Fund IV, Sky Terra Communications, Inc. and United Rentals, Inc., (ii) dividend income from a portfolio company of Fund VI, and (iii) interest income related to debt investments of Fund VI. This $77.6 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $22.4 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed on July 25, 2008, to its Class A shareholders of record on July 18, 2008. On May 14, 2010, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on May 27, 2010 to our Class A shareholders of record as of May 20, 2010. In addition, on August 2, 2010, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on August 25, 2010 to our Class A shareholders of record as of August 13, 2010. Because we will not know what our actual available cash flow from operations will be for any year until sometime after the end of such year, we expect that a fourth quarter dividend payment may be adjusted to take into account actual net after-tax cash flow from operations for that year.
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend will be at the sole discretion of our manager, which may change our dividend policy at any time. We cannot assure you that any dividends, whether quarterly or otherwise, will or can be paid. In making decisions regarding our quarterly dividend, our manager will take into account general economic and business conditions, our strategic plans and prospects, our businesses and investment opportunities, our financial condition and operating results, working capital requirements and anticipated cash needs, contractual restrictions and obligations, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions, restrictions and other implications on the payment of dividends by us to our common shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us and such other factors as our manager may deem relevant.
Because we are a holding company that owns intermediate holding companies, the funding of each dividend, if declared, will occur in three steps, as follows.
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First , we will cause one or more entities in the Apollo Operating Group to make a distribution to all of its partners, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC (as applicable), and Holdings, on a pro rata basis; |
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Second , we will cause our intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC (as applicable), to distribute to us, from their net after-tax proceeds, amounts equal to the aggregate dividend we have declared; and |
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Third , we will distribute the proceeds received by us to our Class A shareholders on a pro rata basis. |
If Apollo Operating Group units are issued to other parties, such as investment professionals, such parties would be entitled to a portion of the distributions from the Apollo Operating Group as partners described above.
We believe that the payment of dividends will provide transparency to our Class A shareholders and will impose upon us an investment discipline with respect to new products, businesses and strategies.
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Payments that any of our intermediate holding companies make under the tax receivable agreement will reduce amounts that would otherwise be available for distribution by us on Class A shares.
The Apollo Operating Group intends to make periodic distributions to its partners (that is, Holdings and our intermediate holding companies) in amounts sufficient to cover hypothetical income tax obligations attributable to allocations of taxable income resulting from their ownership interest in the various limited partnerships making up the Apollo Operating Group, subject to compliance with any financial covenants or other obligations. Tax distributions will be calculated assuming each shareholder was subject to the maximum (corporate or individual, whichever is higher) combined U.S. Federal, New York State and New York City tax rates, without regard to whether any shareholder was subject to income tax liability at those rates. Because tax distributions to partners are made without regard to their particular tax situation, tax distributions to all partners, including our intermediate holding companies, will be increased to reflect the disproportionate income allocation to our managing partners and contributing partners with respect to built-in gain assets at the time of the Private Offering Transactions. Tax distributions will be made only to the extent all distributions from the Apollo Operating Group for such year are insufficient to cover such tax liabilities and all such distributions will be made to all partners on a pro rata basis based upon their respective interests in the applicable partnership; provided that for 2009 and 2010, as a result of the Special Allocation, which is described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsSpecial Allocation of AMH Income, any tax distributions made by AMH with respect to its income for 2009 and 2010 will be limited to the actual tax liabilities of the partners of AMH. On January 8, 2009, we declared a special tax distribution amounting to $0.05 per Class A share. The distribution was paid on January 15, 2009 to Class A shareholders of record on January 12, 2009. No such tax distribution will necessarily be required to be distributed by us for future periods and there can be no assurance that we will pay cash dividends on the Class A shares in an amount sufficient to cover any tax liability arising from the ownership of Class A shares.
Under Delaware law we are prohibited from making a distribution to the extent that our liabilities, after such distribution, exceed the fair value of our assets. Our operating agreement does not contain any restrictions on our ability to make distributions, except that we may only distribute Class A shares to holders of Class A shares. The AMH credit facility, however, restricts the ability of AMH to make cash distributions to us by requiring mandatory collateralization and restricting payments under certain circumstances. AMH will generally be restricted from paying dividends, repurchasing stock and making distributions and similar types of payments if any default or event of default occurs, if it has failed to deposit the requisite cash collateralization or does not expect to be able to maintain the requisite cash collateralization or if, after giving effect to the incurrence of debt to finance such distribution, its debt to EBITDA ratio would exceed specified levels. Instruments governing indebtedness that we or our subsidiaries incur in the future may contain further restrictions on our or our subsidiaries ability to pay dividends or make other cash distributions to equityholders.
In addition, the Apollo Operating Groups cash flow from operations may be insufficient to enable it to make required minimum tax distributions to its partners, in which case the Apollo Operating Group may have to borrow funds or sell assets, and thus our liquidity and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Furthermore, by paying cash distributions rather than investing that cash in our businesses, we might risk slowing the pace of our growth, or not having a sufficient amount of cash to fund our operations, new investments or unanticipated capital expenditures, should the need arise.
Our dividend policy has certain risks and limitations, particularly with respect to liquidity. Although we expect to pay dividends according to our dividend policy, we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at all, if, among other things, we do not have the cash necessary to pay the intended dividends. To the extent we do not have cash on hand sufficient to pay dividends, we may have to borrow funds to pay dividends, or we may determine not to borrow funds to pay dividends. By paying cash dividends rather than investing that cash in our future growth, we risk slowing that pace of our growth, or not having a sufficient amount of cash to fund our operations or unanticipated capital expenditures, should the need arise.
As of June 30, 2010, approximately 19.4 million RSUs granted to Apollo employees (net of forfeited awards) were entitled to distribution equivalents, to be paid in the form of cash compensation.
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Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
We made a distribution to our managing partners in April 2007 in respect of their ownership of AMH totaling $986.6 million, which was paid out of the net proceeds of borrowings under the AMH credit facility. In addition, we used all of the proceeds received from the Strategic Investors Transaction to purchase Apollo Operating Group units from our managing partners and points from our contributing partners.
We made distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners representing all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to July 13, 2007. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to July 13, 2007 or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to July 13, 2007 were treated as having been earned prior to that date. Undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were $238.4 million and $148.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the undistributed earnings that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were zero. The undistributed earnings attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners were recorded in the consolidated and combined financial statements as a component of due to affiliates and profit sharing payable, respectively.
In addition, we have also entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay them 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. In our condensed consolidated financial statements, the item due to affiliates includes $499.0 million and $514.0 million that was payable to our managing partners and contributing partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement as of both June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
As part of the Reorganization, the managing partners and the contributing partners received the following:
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Apollo Operating Group units having a fair value per unit of $24 and $20 issued to the managing partners and contributing partners, respectively, on issuance date with a total approximate value of $5.6 billion (subject to five- or six-year forfeiture); |
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$1.2 billion in cash in July 2007, excluding any potential contingent consideration; |
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In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution related to a contingent consideration of $37.7 million. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC. Included in the distribution were AAA RDUs valued at approximately $12.7 million and a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of deferred compensation units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.8 million; and |
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The fair value of carried interest related to the sale of portfolio companies where definitive sales contracts were executed but had not closed at July 13, 2007. We accrued an estimated payment of approximately $387.0 million at December 31, 2007, of which $200.2 million was distributed during the year ended December 31, 2008. The definitive sales contract in respect of which the remaining $186.8 million was accrued, was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2008 and as a result, no amounts were accrued at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. |
Prior to the Apollo Operating Group Formation, 100% of the Apollo Operating Group was owned by our managing partners and contributing partners. Accordingly, all decisions regarding the amount and timing of distributions were made in prior periods by our managing partners with regard to their personal financial and tax situations and their assessments of appropriate amounts of distributions, taking into account Apollos capital needs as well as actual and potential earnings and borrowings.
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The following table sets forth our capitalization and cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2010:
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on an actual basis; and |
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on an as adjusted basis after giving effect to the IPO at an assumed offering price that is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range of $ and $ and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. |
This table should be read in conjunction with Our Structure, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements and notes thereto included in this prospectus.
As of
June 30, 2010 |
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Actual | As Adjusted | |||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 436,152 | $ | |||
Debt |
$ | 933,031 | $ | |||
Debt obligation of variable interest entities |
1,006,548 | |||||
Total shareholders equity |
1,856,825 | |||||
Total capitalization |
$ | 3,796,404 | $ | |||
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Dilution is the amount by which the offering price paid by the purchasers of the Class A shares to be sold in the IPO exceeds the net tangible book value per share of the Class A shares after the IPO. Net tangible book value per share is determined at any date by subtracting our total liabilities from the total book value of our tangible assets and dividing the difference by the number of Class A shares deemed to be outstanding at that date.
Our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2010 was approximately $ million, or $ per share based on Class A shares outstanding as of June 30, 2010.
After giving effect to the receipt and our intended use of approximately $ million of estimated net proceeds from our sale of Class A shares in the IPO at an assumed offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range of $ and $ ), our adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2010 would have been approximately $ million, or $ per share. This represents an immediate increase in the adjusted net tangible book value of $ per share to existing Class A shareholders and an immediate dilution of $ per share to new investors purchasing Class A shares in the IPO. The following table illustrates this substantial and immediate per share dilution to new investors:
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range of $ and $ ) would increase (decrease) our adjusted net tangible book value by $ , the adjusted net tangible book value per share after the IPO by $ per share and the dilution per share to new investors in the IPO by $ , assuming the number of Class A shares offered by us in the IPO, as set forth in Prospectus SummaryThe Offering, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us in the IPO.
If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional Class A shares in full, the adjusted net tangible book value per share after the IPO would be $ per share, and the dilution in the adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors in the IPO would be $ per share.
The following table summarizes on an as adjusted basis as of June 30, 2010, giving effect to:
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the total number of Class A shares sold in the IPO; |
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the total consideration paid to us in the IPO, assuming an initial public offering price of $ per share (before deducting the estimated underwriting discount and commissions and offering expenses payable by us in connection with the IPO); and |
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the average price per share paid by existing shareholders and by new investors purchasing Class A shares in the IPO. |
Shares Purchased | Total Consideration |
Average
Price Per Share |
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Number | Percent | Amount | Percent | |||||||||||
Existing shareholders (1) |
% | $ | % | $ | ||||||||||
Investors in the IPO (2) |
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Total |
100 | % | $ | 100 | % | $ | ||||||||
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(1) | Excludes the Class A shares being sold by the selling shareholders in the IPO. The average price per share is computed based on the total Class A shares of existing shareholders prior to the IPO of Class A shares, which includes the Class A shares being sold by the selling shareholders. |
(2) | Includes Class A shares being sold by the selling shareholders in the IPO. |
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range of $ and $ ) would increase (decrease) total consideration paid by existing shareholders, total consideration paid by new investors and the average price per share by $ , $ and $ , respectively, assuming the number of Class A shares offered by us and the selling shareholders in the IPO, as set forth in Prospectus SummaryThe Offering, remains the same, and without deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us in the IPO.
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The following selected historical consolidated and combined financial and other data of Apollo Global Management, LLC should be read together with Our Structure, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the historical financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The selected historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data of Apollo Global Management, LLC for each of the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the selected historical consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 have been derived from our consolidated and combined financial statements which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We derived the selected historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the selected consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2006 from our audited consolidated and combined financial statements which are not included in this prospectus. We derived the selected historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 from our unaudited consolidated and combined statements of financial statements which are not included in this prospectus. The unaudited consolidated and combined financial statements have been prepared on substantially the same basis as the audited combined financial statements and include all adjustments that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our combined financial position and results of operations for all periods presented.
We derived the selected historical condensed consolidated statement of operations of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the selected historical consolidated statement of financial condition data as of June 30, 2010 from our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The condensed consolidated financial statements of Apollo Global Management, LLC have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent.
The selected historical financial data are not indicative of our expected future operating results. In particular, after undergoing the Reorganization on July 13, 2007 and providing liquidation rights to limited partners of certain of the funds we manage on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, Apollo Global Management, LLC no longer consolidated in its financial statements certain of the funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements.
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Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 (e) | 2006 (e) | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | $ | 147,051 | $ | 80,926 | ||||||||||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | 406,257 | 384,247 | 192,934 | 101,921 | 33,492 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | 55,045 | 92,998 | 504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 294,725 | 97,508 | 69,347 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
79,280 | 141,709 | 302,874 | 298,434 | 966,728 | (266,705 | ) | 637,850 | 346,480 | 183,765 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
313,997 | 342,646 | 688,874 | 684,216 | 1,495,010 | 843,600 | 1,450,330 | 266,772 | 309,235 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | 50,252 | 62,622 | 105,968 | 8,839 | 1,405 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | | | | 240,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 22,404 | 14,383 | 33,889 | 76,450 | 81,824 | 31,738 | 45,687 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement (a) |
| | | | | 200,000 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 31,503 | 22,788 | 61,066 | 71,789 | 36,618 | 38,782 | 25,955 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | | 47,028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | 29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | 7,646 | 5,993 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | 24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | 3,288 | 2,304 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
362,110 | 390,957 | 790,600 | 776,725 | 1,706,505 | 1,348,769 | 1,962,727 | 357,065 | 437,607 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
(11,005 | ) | 279,666 | 100,716 | 113,068 | 510,935 | (1,269,100 | ) | 2,279,263 | 1,620,554 | 1,970,770 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(19,432 | ) | | (265 | ) | | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
|
(1,712 |
) |
|
32,572 |
|
|
6,168 |
|
|
23,134 |
|
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 1,722 | 1,362 | 412 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 662 | 701 | 1,450 | 19,368 | 52,500 | 38,423 | 33,578 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt (b) |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | 36,193 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | | | | | 238,609 | 140,569 | 25,979 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
25,264 | 23,218 | 21,906 | 39,151 | 41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | 3,154 | 2,832 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(6,585 | ) | 371,942 | 129,187 | 212,247 | 673,101 | (1,311,694 | ) | 2,572,058 | 1,804,062 | 2,033,571 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) Income Before Income Tax (Provision) Benefit |
|
(289,415 |
) |
|
122,694 |
|
|
(358,539 |
) |
|
(266,044 |
) |
(66,676 | ) | (2,927,168 | ) | 1,247,181 | 1,793,477 | 1,779,729 | |||||||||||||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | (28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | (6,476 | ) | (1,026 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(302,142 | ) | 121,749 | (375,321 | ) | (273,160 | ) | (95,390 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | 1,240,455 | 1,787,001 | 1,778,703 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (c) |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | (107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | (460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | (1,414,022 | ) | (1,577,459 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group (d) |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | 400,440 |
|
801,799
|
|
|
278,549
|
|
| | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | $ | 372,979 | $ | 201,244 | |||||||||||
Dividends Declared per Class A share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.56 | $ | | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||
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As of
June 30, |
As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Financial Condition Data |
||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | $ | 5,115,642 | $ | 11,179,921 | $ | 7,571,249 | ||||||
Debt (excluding obligations of variable interest entities) |
933,031 | 933,834 | 1,026,005 | 1,057,761 | 93,738 | 20,519 | ||||||||||||
Debt obligations of consolidated variable interest entities |
1,006,548 | | | | | | ||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
1,856,825 | 1,299,110 | 325,785 | 2,408,329 | 10,331,990 | 6,895,246 | ||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests |
2,122,749 | 1,603,146 | 822,843 | 2,312,286 | 9,847,069 | 6,556,622 |
(a) | Litigation settlement charge was incurred in connection with an agreement with Huntsman to settle certain claims related to Hexions now terminated merger agreement with Huntsman. |
(b) | During April and May 2009, the company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a net gain of $36.2 million which is included in other income (loss) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and the consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. |
(c) | Reflects Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA, consolidated variable interest entities and the remaining interests held by certain former employees in the net income (loss) of our capital markets management companies. |
(d) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group relating to the units held by our managing partners and contributing partners post-Reorganization. This amount is calculated by applying the following ownership percentages: |
| July 2007 through February 2009: 71.1% |
| February 2009 through March 2010: 71.5% |
| March 2010 to June 2010: 71.4% |
The above changes in ownership interest arose in connection with our share repurchase in February 2009 and the issuance of Class A shares for vested RSUs in March 2010.
(e) | Significant changes in the consolidated and combined statement of operations for 2007 and 2006 compared to their respective comparative period are due to (i) the Reorganization, (ii) the deconsolidation of certain funds, and (iii) the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
Some of the significant impacts of the above items are as follows:
| Revenue from affiliates increased due to the deconsolidation of certain funds. |
| Compensation and benefits, including non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation increased due to amortization of Apollo Operating Group units, RDUs and RSUs. |
| Interest expense increased as a result of conversion of debt on which the Strategic Investors had a beneficial conversion feature. Additionally, interest expense increased related to the AMH credit facility obtained in April 2007. |
| Professional fees increased due to Apollo Global Management, LLCs formation and ongoing requirements. |
| Net gain from investment activities increased due to increased activity in our consolidated funds through the date of deconsolidation. |
| Non-Controlling Interests changed significantly due to the formation of Holdings and reflects net losses attributable to Holdings post-Reorganization. |
Note: | As a result of the adoption of U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to Non-Controlling Interests, the presentation and disclosure of all periods presented were impacted as follows: (1) Non-Controlling Interests were reclassified as a separate component of shareholders equity on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) net (loss) income was adjusted to include the net (loss) income attributed to the Non-Controlling Interests on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the companys condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in AAA from the interests of the company, and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. |
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As Apollo Global Management, LLC was formed in July 2007, the Apollo Operating Group is considered our predecessor for accounting purposes and its consolidated and combined financial statements are our historical financial statements for the periods prior to our Reorganization on July 13, 2007.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes as of June 30, 2010 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the consolidated and combined financial statements and related notes as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ significantly from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those included in the section entitled Risk Factors. The highlights listed below have had significant effects on many items within our consolidated and combined financial statements and affect the comparison of the current periods activity with those of prior periods.
Our Businesses
Founded in 1990, Apollo is a leading global alternative asset manager. We are contrarian, value-oriented investors in private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate with significant distressed expertise and a flexible mandate in the majority of our funds that enables our funds to invest opportunistically across a companys capital structure. We raise, invest and manage funds on behalf of some of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds as well as other institutional and individual investors.
Apollo conducts its management and incentive businesses through the following segments: (i) private equity, (ii) capital markets and (iii) real estate. These segments are differentiated based on the varying investment strategies of the respective funds and how we monitor and manage each segment.
(i) | Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt instruments; |
(ii) | Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity instruments, including distressed debt instruments; and |
(iii) | Real estate primarily invests in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. We may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
The performance of these business segments is measured by management on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollos business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that exclude the effects of consolidation of any of the affiliated funds. Management further evaluates the segments based on our management and incentive business within each segment.
Our financial results vary since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income we receive from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.
Business Environment
Beginning in the second half of 2007, the financial markets encountered a series of negative events starting with the sub-prime contagion that subsequently led to a global liquidity and broader economic crisis. During
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2008, the world financial markets experienced unprecedented volatility and declines across asset classes. Credit fears served to substantially stall lending markets, including the inter-bank lending market. The lack of lending between financial institutions and to corporations left many companies, both healthy and unhealthy, unable to access credit.
During 2008, substantial value was lost across investment asset classes on a global basis. The S&P 500 index declined 38.5%, the European Dow Jones STOXX 600 index declined 46.0% and the Dow Jones Asia-Pacific index declined 40.8%. Credit spreads widened and high yield and high grade bond indices declined during the year. Slowing global economic growth also led to a decline in commodities pricing. Oil also declined and the U.S. dollar rose against both the Euro and Pound Sterling. Investors reacted to weakening markets by significantly reducing equity and fixed income holdings. As a consequence, many equity and fixed income mutual funds and hedge funds experienced substantial redemptions and reductions in value. Declining market prices forced many leveraged investors to sell assets to meet margin requirements and reduce leverage ratios regardless of market prices. Lenders severely restricted commitments to new debt, limiting industry-wide leveraged acquisition activity levels in both corporate and real estate markets. General acquisition activity declined, which had an impact on several of our businesses. Government intervention in the U.S., Europe and Asia was swift and significant. Several U.S. and European financial institutions have required government support in the form of guarantees or capital injections. Coordinated interest rate cuts, capital injections, equity participation and a framework for purchases of illiquid securities provided support to the global financial system. The external shocks to the financial services industry have reshaped, and will continue to reshape, the competitive and regulatory landscape.
Subsequent to the first quarter of 2009, valuations across investment asset classes recovered and the S&P 500 index, the European Dow Jones STOXX 600 index and the Dow Jones Asia-Pacific index rose well above their respective 52-week lows although global financial markets remain significantly volatile. Our businesses are materially affected by conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions in the United States, Western Europe, Asia and to some extent elsewhere in the world. Although there appear to be some indications that an economic recovery is underway, performance across equity and debt markets remains volatile, which will continue to affect the performance of the funds that we manage.
Regardless of the market or economic environment at any given time, we rely on our contrarian, value-oriented approach to consistently invest capital on behalf of our investors throughout economic cycles by focusing on opportunities that we believe are often overlooked by other investors. We believe that our expertise in capital markets, focus on nine core industry sectors and investment experience allow us to respond quickly to changing environments. For example, in our private equity business, our private equity funds have had success investing in buyouts and credit opportunities during both expansionary and recessionary economic periods. During the recovery and expansionary periods of 1994 through 2000 and late 2003 through the first half of 2007, our private equity funds invested or committed to invest approximately $13.7 billion primarily in traditional and corporate partner buyouts. During the recessionary periods of 1990 through 1993, 2001 through late 2003 and the current recessionary period, our private equity funds have invested $19.3 billion, of which $14.4 billion was in distressed buyouts and debt investments when the debt securities of quality companies traded at deep discounts to par value.
Our Reorganization and the Private Offering Transactions
We were formed as a Delaware limited liability company on July 3, 2007. We are managed and operated by our manager, AGM Management, LLC, which in turn is wholly owned and controlled by our managing partners.
Apollos business was historically conducted through a large number of entities for which there was no single holding entity but which were separately owned by our managing partners and other individuals (the Predecessor Owners), and controlled by our managing partners. In order to facilitate the Private Offering Transactions, we completed a reorganization as of the close of business on July 13, 2007 whereby, except for
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Apollo Advisors, L.P. and Apollo Advisors II, L.P. (collectively, the Advisor Entities) each of the operating entities that were owned by the Predecessor Owners and the intellectual property rights associated with the Apollo name were contributed to five newly-formed holding partnerships (Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., AMH and Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.). Additional holding partnerships were formed in 2008 (Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.). The ten holding partnerships (collectively, the Apollo Operating Group) were formed for the purpose of, among other activities, holding certain of our interests, principally investments in the funds.
We, through three intermediate holding companies (APO Corp., a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, APO Asset Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is a disregarded entity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and APO (FC), LLC, an Anguilla limited liability company that is treated as a corporation for U.S Federal income tax purposes and was formed in 2008), will own % of the economic interests of, and we operate and control all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group after giving effect to the IPO. Holdings is the entity through which the managing partners and contributing partners hold Apollo Operating Group units, which will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group after giving effect to the IPO. We consolidate the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as Non-Controlling Interests in Apollos consolidated and combined financial statements.
As part of the Reorganization, the company issued convertible notes with a principal amount of $1.2 billion to the Strategic Investors. The notes bore interest at 7% per annum and had a stated 15-year term. The notes included provisions calling for either an optional or mandatory conversion of the notes to non-voting Class A shares at a conversion price of $20 per share. Based on the guidance included within U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to accounting for convertible securities, we calculated the intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature, or BCF; as the difference between the conversion price of $20 per share and the $24 fair value for each of the 60,000,001 Class A shares to be issued upon conversion. The total intrinsic value was calculated as $240 million and was to have been amortized over the notes 15-year term. However, the Private Placement triggered the mandatory conversion provision previously noted. As such, the remaining unamortized amount was charged to interest expense on the date of conversion and the $1.2 billion of notes held by the Strategic Investors were converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares.
On July 13, 2007, the company contributed to APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC $1.2 billion of proceeds from the sale of convertible securities to the Strategic Investors. APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC used these proceeds to purchase from the managing partners for $1.1 billion certain interests in the limited partnerships that operate the business, and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group in return for approximately 17.4% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. In addition, APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC purchased from the contributing partners a portion of their interests in subsidiaries of the Apollo Operating Group for an aggregate purchase price of $156.4 million (excluding any potential contingent consideration) and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group in return for approximately 2.6% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, on August 8, 2007 and September 5, 2007, Apollo issued 34,500,000 Class A shares and 2,824,541 Class A shares, respectively, through the Private Offering Transactions. The proceeds from the Class A shares issued on September 5, 2007 were used by Apollo to purchase a corresponding number of Apollo Operating Group units from Holdings, thereby diluting the Non-Controlling Interests by 8.9%. The purchase agreement related to the managing partners and contributing partners interests also included a provision for contingent consideration.
Although Apollo has less than 50% of the economics in the Apollo Operating Group, it has a majority voting interest and controls the management of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, although Holdings has a majority of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group, it does not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick-out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of
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control by Apollo. Accordingly, Apollo consolidates the Apollo Operating Group and records the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group directly held by Holdings as Non-Controlling Interests.
In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution were made to the companys managing partners and contributing partners related to a contingent consideration of $29.9 million and $7.8 million, respectively. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution was based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, the general partner of AMH. Included in the distribution were RDUs of AAA valued at approximately $12.7 million for the managing partners combined with a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of interest with respect to units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the managing partners and contributing partners, respectively.
Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Contributed Businesses that act as general partners of most of the consolidated funds granted rights to the unaffiliated investors in each respective fund to provide that a simple majority of such funds unaffiliated investors have the right, without cause, to liquidate that fund in accordance with certain procedures. These rights were granted in order to achieve the deconsolidation of such funds from the companys financial statements. For the Apollo funds previously consolidated, these rights became effective either on August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The deconsolidation of these funds present our financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and its related risks. Accordingly, we believe that deconsolidating these funds provides investors with a better understanding of our business. The results of the deconsolidated funds are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements through the date of deconsolidation. Apollo has not granted voting rights to the limited partners of AAA to allow them to liquidate this entity. Therefore, Apollo will continue to control and consolidate this entity in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Apollo also has control and therefore consolidates Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P., or the Metals Trading Fund, which was formed in March 2008. Apollo also consolidates entities that are variable interest entities, or VIEs, for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary as discussed in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Because the company and the Advisor Entities were under the same control group as defined by U.S. GAAP guidance for entities under common control, the Advisor Entities are combined for the periods prior to the effective date of the Reorganization in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements. Also, in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance for determining when a general partner should consolidate certain entities, the Advisor Entities consolidate their respective funds. These Advisor Entities were excluded assets in the Reorganization on July 13, 2007 (see note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus). As such, they are not presented in the consolidated and combined financial statements subsequent to the Reorganization.
Our revenues consist of the following:
|
Management fees, which are calculated based upon any of net asset value, gross assets, adjusted costs of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, capital contributions, invested capital or stockholders equity each as defined in the applicable management agreement of the unconsolidated funds; |
|
Advisory and transaction fees relating to the investments our funds make, or individual monitoring agreements with individual portfolio companies of the private equity funds and capital markets funds as well as advisory services provided to a capital markets fund; and |
|
Carried interest with respect to our private equity funds and our capital markets funds. |
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Our ability to grow our revenues depends in part on our ability to attract new capital and investors, which in turn depends on our ability to appropriately invest our funds capital, and on the conditions in the financial markets, including the availability and cost of leverage, and economic conditions in the United States, Western Europe, Asia, and to some extent, elsewhere in the world. The market factors that impact this include the following:
|
The strength of the alternative investment management industry, including the amount of capital invested and withdrawn from alternative investments . Allocations of capital to the alternative investment sector are dependent, in part, on the strength of the economy and the returns available from other investments relative to returns from alternative investments. Our share of this capital is dependent on the strength of our performance relative to the performance of our competitors. The capital we attract and our returns are drivers of our Assets Under Management, which, in turn, drive the fees we earn. In light of the current volatile conditions in the financial markets, our funds returns may be lower than they have been historically and fundraising efforts may be more challenging. |
|
The strength and liquidity of the U.S. and relevant global equity markets generally, and the initial public offering market specifically . The strength of these markets affects the value of and our ability to successfully exit our equity positions in our private equity portfolio companies in a timely manner. |
|
The strength and liquidity of the U.S. and relevant global debt markets . Our funds and our portfolio companies borrow money to make acquisitions and our funds utilize leverage in order to increase investment returns that ultimately drive the performance of our funds. Furthermore, we utilize debt to finance the principal investments in our funds and for working capital purposes. To the extent our ability to borrow funds becomes more expensive or difficult to obtain, the net returns we can earn on those investments may be reduced. |
|
Stability in interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate markets . We generally benefit from stable interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate markets. The direction and impact of changes in interest rates or foreign currency exchange rates on certain of our funds is dependent on the funds expectations and the related composition of their investments at such time. |
For the most part, we believe the trends in these factors have historically created a favorable investment environment for our funds. However, adverse market conditions may affect our businesses in many ways, including reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds, and/or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow, and affect our financial condition and prospects. As a result of our value-oriented, contrarian investment style which is inherently long-term in nature, there may be significant fluctuations in our financial results from quarter to quarter and year to year.
The financial markets encountered a series of negative events in 2007 and 2008 which led to a global liquidity and broad economic crisis and impacted the performance of many of our portfolio companies and capital markets funds. The impact of such events on our private equity and capital markets funds resulted in volatility in our revenue. If this market volatility continues, we and the funds we manage may experience further tightening of liquidity, reduced earnings and cash flow, impairment charges, as well as challenges in raising additional capital, obtaining investment financing and making investments on attractive terms. These market conditions could also have an impact on our ability to liquidate positions in a timely and efficient manner.
For a more detailed description of how economic and global financial market conditions can materially affect our financial performance and condition, see Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesDifficult market conditions may adversely affect our businesses in many ways, including by reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow and adversely affect our financial prospects and condition.
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Uncertainty remains regarding Apollos future taxation levels. On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed legislation that would, if enacted in its present form, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects, Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructureMembers of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares and Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
Our Recent Growth
Despite the recent economic difficulties, we have experienced significant growth in the number of funds that we manage during the past five years. We have achieved this growth by raising additional capital in our private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate businesses, growing AUM where applicable through appreciation and by expanding our businesses using new strategies and geographies. Despite the market turmoil and volatility of the last two years, Fund VII had its final closing in December 2008, with total committed capital of $14.7 billion. In capital markets, we raised COF I, COF II, EPF and three additional strategic investment accounts. We formally introduced the real estate segment into our platform and launched a publicly-traded REIT and a vehicle that invests in CMBS. As a result of our growth, we have experienced an increase in our management fees. To support this growth, we have also experienced a material increase in operating expenses, resulting from hiring additional personnel, opening new offices to expand our geographical reach and incurring additional professional fees.
We believe that the presentation of Economic Net Income (Loss) supplements a readers understanding of the economic operating performance of each segment.
Economic Net Income (Loss)
ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Adjustments relating to income tax expense and Non-Controlling Interests are common in the calculation of supplemental measures of performance in our industry. We believe the exclusion of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation provides investors with meaningful indication of our performance because these charges relate to the equity portion of our capital structure and not our core operating performance.
ENI is a key performance measure used for understanding the performance of our operations from period to period and although not every company in our industry defines these metrics in precisely the same way that we do, we believe that this metric, as we use it, facilitates comparisons with other companies in our industry. We use ENI to evaluate the performance of our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the companys performance. Management also uses ENI in making key operating decisions such as the following:
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Decisions related to the allocation of resources such as staffing decisions including hiring and locations for deployment of the new hires. As the amount of fees, investment income, and ENI is indicative of |
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the performance of the management companies and advisors within each segment, management can assess the need for additional resources and the location for deployment of the new hires based on the results of this measure. For example, a positive ENI could indicate the need for additional staff to manage the respective segment whereas a negative ENI could indicate the need to reduce staff assigned to manage the respective segment. |
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Decisions related to capital deployment such as providing capital to facilitate growth for our business and/or to facilitate expansion into new businesses. As the amount of fees, investment income, and ENI is indicative of the performance of the management companies and advisors within each segment, management can assess the availability and need to provide capital to facilitate growth or expansion into new businesses based on the results of this measure. For example, a negative ENI may indicate the lack of performance of a segment and thus determine that available capital may be deployed to another segment. |
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Decisions related to compensation expense, such as determining annual discretionary bonuses to our employees. As the amount of fees, investment income, and ENI is indicative of the performance of the management companies and advisors within each segment, management can better identify higher performing businesses and employees to allocate discretionary bonuses based on the results of this measure. As it relates to compensation, our philosophy has been and remains to better align the interests of certain professionals and selected other individuals who have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to our funds with our own and with those of the investors in the funds. To achieve that objective, a significant amount of compensation paid is based on our performance and growth for the year. For example, a positive ENI could indicate a higher discretionary bonus for a team whereas a negative ENI could indicate the need to reduce bonuses based on poor performance. |
ENI is a measure of profitability and has certain limitations in that it does not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. The items we exclude when calculating ENI are significant to our business: (i) non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation are expected to be recurring components of our costs and we may be able to incur lower cash compensation costs as a result of the financial benefits provided to certain partners and employees and the equity grants that may be made under our equity incentive plan; furthermore, any measure that eliminates compensation costs has material limitations as a performance measure; (ii) income tax expense represents a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue because ongoing revenue generation is expected to result in future income tax expense; and (iii) Non-Controlling Interests which is expected to be a recurring item and represents the aggregate of the income or loss that is not owned by the company. In light of the foregoing limitations, we do not rely solely on ENI as a performance measure and also consider our U.S. GAAP results.
We believe that ENI is helpful to an understanding of our business and that investors should review the same supplemental financial measure that management uses to analyze our segment performance. This measure supplements and should be considered in addition to and not in lieu of the results of operations discussed below in the Overview of Results of Operations that have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The following summarizes the adjustments to ENI that reconcile ENI to the net income (loss) attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
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Inclusion of the impact of non-cash charges such as equity-based compensation to our managing partners, contributing partners and employees related to Apollo Operating Group units, RSUs, AAA RDUs, ARI RSUs and ARI Restricted Stock Awards that were expensed during the period. Management assesses our performance based on management fees, advisory and transaction fees, and carried interest income generated by the business and excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation because this non-cash charge is not viewed as part of our core operations. |
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Inclusion of the impact of income taxes as we do not take income taxes into consideration when evaluating the performance of our segments or when determining compensation for our employees. |
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Additionally, income taxes at the segment level (which exclude APO Corp.s corporate taxes) are not meaningful, as the majority of the entities included in our segments operate as partnerships and therefore are only subject to New York City unincorporated business taxes and foreign taxes when applicable. |
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Carried interest income, management fees and other revenues from Apollo funds are reflected on an unconsolidated basis. As such, ENI excludes the Non-Controlling Interests in AAA and the consolidated VIEs, which remain consolidated in our consolidated and combined financial statements. Management views the business as an alternative asset management firm and therefore assesses performance using the combined total of carried interest income and management fees from each of our funds. |
ENI may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies and is not a measure of performance calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We use ENI as a measure of operating performance, not as a measure of liquidity. ENI should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating income, net income, operating cash flows, investing and financing activities, or other income or cash flow statement data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The use of ENI without consideration of related U.S. GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described above. Management compensates for these limitations by using ENI as a supplemental measure to U.S. GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of our performance as management measures it. To ensure a complete understanding, a reconciliation of ENI to our U.S. GAAP net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC can be found in the notes to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
In evaluating its various segments, the company also utilizes Adjusted ENI as a performance measure. In arriving at Adjusted ENI, the company removes items from ENI that management believes are non-recurring. Management also removes public offering costs, placement fees and litigation settlements and related insurance proceeds to arrive at Adjusted ENI. However, these costs will recur until our shares are registered, and may recur if we raise additional funds or reach legal settlements on existing or future legal matters. When evaluating the companys management business, management considers Adjusted ENI in the assessment of its performance and in making decisions regarding the allocation of resources and the deployment of its assets. Adjusted ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
We monitor certain operating metrics that are common to the alternative asset management industry. These operating metrics include assets under management, private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments.
Assets Under Management, or AUM, refers to the assets we manage or with respect to which we have control. Our AUM equals the sum of:
(i) | the fair value of our private equity investments plus the capital that we are entitled to call from our investors pursuant to the terms of their capital commitments plus non-recallable capital to the extent a fund is within the commitment period in which management fees are calculated based on total commitments to the fund; |
(ii) | the net asset value, or NAV, of our capital markets funds, other than collateralized senior credit opportunity funds (such as Artus, which we measure by using the mark-to-market value of the aggregate principal amount of the underlying collateralized loan obligations), plus used or available leverage and/or capital commitments; |
(iii) | the gross asset values of our real estate entities and the structured portfolio vehicle investments included within the funds we manage, which includes the leverage used by such structured portfolio companies; |
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(iv) | the incremental value associated with the reinsurance investments of the funds we manage; and |
(v) | the fair value of any other assets that we manage plus unused credit facilities, including capital commitments for investments that may require pre-qualification before investment plus any other capital commitments available for investment that are not otherwise included in the clauses above. |
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the company refined its definition of AUM to reflect leveraged products that had not been identified in our previous AUM definition. Prior period AUM amounts have been recalculated utilizing the above definition.
Our AUM measure includes assets under management for which we charge either no or nominal fees. Our definition of AUM is not based on any definition of assets under management contained in our operating agreement or in any of our Apollo fund management agreements. We consider multiple factors for determining what should be included in our definition of AUM. Such factors include but are not limited to (1) our ability to influence the investment decisions for existing and available assets; (2) our ability to generate income from the underlying assets in our funds; and (3) the AUM measures that we believe are used by other asset managers. Given the differences in the investment strategies and structures among other alternative asset managers, our calculation of AUM may differ from the calculations employed by other asset managers and, as a result, this measure may not be directly comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers.
AUM as of June 30, 2010 and 2009 and December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are set forth below:
June 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
(in millions) |
|||||||||||||||
AUM: |
|||||||||||||||
Private equity |
$ | 33,466 | $ | 30,512 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | |||||
Capital markets |
18,964 | 15,415 | 19,112 | 15,108 | 10,533 | ||||||||||
Real estate |
2,103 | | 495 | | | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | 54,533 | $ | 45,927 | $ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | |||||
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The following tables summarize changes in total AUM and AUM for each of our segments for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Change in AUM: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | $ | 24,578 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) |
622 | 2,728 | 9,566 | (11,738 | ) | 801 | ||||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
753 | 249 | 1,934 | 9,871 | 14,235 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(2,122 | ) | (430 | ) | (1,849 | ) | (2,600 | ) | (884 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in leverage |
1,671 | (822 | ) | (244 | ) | 7,899 | 2,040 | |||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 54,533 | $ | 45,927 | $ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | ||||||||||
Private Equity AUM Rollforward: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | $ | 20,186 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) |
928 | 1,841 | 6,432 | (8,625 | ) | 637 | ||||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
| | | 5,223 | 9,459 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(1,329 | ) | (21 | ) | (828 | ) | (1,991 | ) | (596 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in leverage |
(135 | ) | (402 | ) | (696 | ) | 4,250 | 551 | ||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 33,466 | $ | 30,512 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | ||||||||||
Capital Markets AUM Rollforward: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 19,112 | $ | 15,108 | $ | 15,108 | $ | 10,533 | $ | 4,392 | ||||||||||
(Loss) income |
(365 | ) | 887 | 3,137 | (3,113 | ) | 164 | |||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
395 | 249 | 1,617 | 4,648 | 4,776 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(610 | ) | (409 | ) | (1,021 | ) | (609 | ) | (288 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in leverage |
432 | (420 | ) | 271 | 3,649 | 1,489 | ||||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 18,964 | $ | 15,415 | $ | 19,112 | $ | 15,108 | $ | 10,533 | ||||||||||
Real Estate AUM Rollforward: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 495 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Income (loss) |
59 | | (3 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
358 | | 317 | | | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(183 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Change in leverage |
1,374 | | 181 | | | |||||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 2,103 | $ | | $ | 495 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Private Equity
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, the AUM in our private equity segment decreased by $0.5 billion, or 1.6%. This decrease was primarily due to $1.0 billion of distributions from Fund V, and $0.2 billion of distributions from Fund VII. This decrease was offset by $0.9 billion of income that was primarily attributable to improved investment valuations in our private equity funds, including $0.6 billion in Fund VI. See Segment Analysis, which includes a detailed discussion of the impact that significant changes in our AUM within our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments had on our revenues by segment.
During the six months ended June 30, 2009, the AUM in our private equity segment increased by $1.4 billion, or 4.9%. There was $1.8 billion of income that was primarily attributable to Fund VI offset by a $(0.4) billion change in leverage, which was primarily attributable to additional leverage provided by LeverageSource, L.P., or LeverageSource, a special-purpose entity that invests in numerous portfolio companies that in turn invest in debt securities and derivative instruments.
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During the year ended December 31, 2009, the AUM in our private equity segment increased by $4.9 billion, or 16.9%. This increase was impacted by $6.4 billion of income that was primarily attributable to improved investment valuations in our private equity funds, including $4.2 billion in Fund VI. Offsetting this increase was $0.3 billion of distributions from Fund IV, $0.3 billion of distributions from Fund VI and $0.2 billion of distributions from Fund VII. See Segment Analysis, which includes a detailed discussion of the impact that significant changes in our AUM within our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments had on our revenues by segment.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, the AUM in our private equity segment decreased by $1.1 billion, or 3.8%. There was $5.2 billion of capital commitments raised for Fund VII and a $4.3 billion change in leverage, which was primarily attributable to additional leverage provided by LeverageSource. These AUM increases were offset by $2.0 billion in distributions, which was primarily attributable to $1.7 billion in sales of Fund V portfolio investments. There were also $4.8 billion and $1.9 billion of declines in the investment valuations of Fund VI and Fund V, respectively, which were primarily due to the economic crisis that expanded during 2008.
The $10.1 billion, or 49.8%, increase in the AUM of our private equity segment during the year-ended December 31, 2007 was primarily the result of raising $9.5 billion in capital commitments to Fund VII, which commenced operations during late 2007.
Capital Markets
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, AUM in our capital markets segment decreased by $0.1 billion, or 0.8%. This decrease was impacted by $0.4 billion of losses that were primarily attributable to lower investment valuations in our capital market funds and distributions of $0.6 billion. The decrease was offset by $0.4 billion of leverage and $0.4 billion in subscriptions primarily related to AIC and our strategic investment accounts.
During the six months ended June 30, 2009, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $0.3 billion, or 2.0%. This increase was primarily attributable to $0.9 billion in income due to improved investment valuations, most notably with respect to ACLF and SOMA, along with $0.2 billion in additional subscriptions primarily resulting from AICs equity issuances. Offsetting these increases was $0.4 billion in distributions, primarily with respect to SVF, VIF and AAOF, and $0.4 billion of net decreased leverage principally from COF I and COF II.
During the year ended December 31, 2009, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $4.0 billion, or 26.5%. This increase was primarily attributable to improved investment valuations in COF I and COF II of $0.8 billion and $0.6 billion, respectively, and $0.7 billion and $0.4 billion of improved investment valuations in ACLF and the Value Funds, respectively. The overall AUM gain in our capital markets segment was also positively impacted by additional subscriptions of $1.6 billion, which was primarily comprised of additional capital raised by EPF, Palmetto and AIC of approximately $0.6 billion, $0.6 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $4.6 billion, or 43.4%. This increase was mainly driven by COF I and COF II, which had a combined $2.9 billion in additional subscriptions and $3.2 billion of leverage added during this period. These funds began investing in 2008 in order to capitalize on the supply-demand imbalances in the leveraged finance market. EPF also had $0.8 billion in subscriptions during the year ended December 31, 2008. Offsetting these increases were $3.1 billion of declines in the investment valuations in several of our capital markets funds, including $0.8 billion in AIC and $0.5 billion in AIE I, which were the result of the economic crisis that expanded during 2008.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $6.1 billion, or 139.8%, which was primarily comprised of $4.8 billion in additional capital raised, including $1.0 billion for the collateralized loan obligation vehicle in which Artus has invested, $0.8 billion for SOMA, $0.7 billion for ACLF, $0.8 billion for AIC, $0.4 billion for AIE I, $0.4 billion for AAOF and $0.4 billion for EPF. There was also $1.5 billion in additional leverage that was primarily used by AIE I and AIC during 2007.
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Real Estate
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, AUM in our real estate segment increased by $1.6 billion, or 324.8%. This increase was comprised of $0.4 million of subscriptions that resulted from the initial public offering and concurrent private placement by ARI as well as the formation of the AGRE CMBS Account, and $1.4 billion in additional leverage, primarily due to the investment from Athene.
During the year ended December 31, 2009, AUM in our real estate segment increased by $0.5 billion. This increase was comprised of $0.3 billion of subscriptions that resulted from the $0.2 billion initial public offering and concurrent private placement by ARI as well as the formation of the AGRE CMBS Account, which raised $0.1 billion in equity capital.
Assets Under ManagementFee-Generating/Non-Fee Generating
Fee-generating AUM consists of assets that we manage and on which we earn management fees or monitoring fees pursuant to management agreements on a basis that varies among the Apollo funds. Management fees are normally based on net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, stockholders equity, invested capital or capital contributions, each as defined in the applicable management agreement. Monitoring fees for AUM purposes are based on the total value of certain structured portfolio vehicle investments, which normally include leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered in fee-generating AUM.
Non-fee generating AUM consists of assets that do not produce management fees or monitoring fees. These assets generally consist of the following: (a) fair value above invested capital for those funds that earn management fees based on invested capital, (b) net asset values related to general partner interests and co-investments, (c) unused credit facilities, (d) available commitments on those funds that generate management fees on invested capital, and (e) structured portfolio vehicle investments that do not generate monitoring fees. We use non-fee generating AUM combined with fee-generating AUM as a performance measurement of our investment activities, as well as to monitor fund size in relation to professional resource and infrastructure needs. Non-fee generating AUM includes assets on which we could earn carried interest income.
The table below displays fee-generating and non-fee generating AUM by segment as of June 30, 2010 and 2009, and December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. The changes in market conditions and additional funds raised have had significant impacts to our AUM.
Assets Under ManagementFee-Generating/Non-Fee Generating
As of June 30, |
As of
December 31, |
||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Private equity |
$ | 33,466 | $ | 30,512 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | |||||
Fee-generating |
27,455 | 28,449 | 28,092 | 28,314 | 14,039 | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
6,011 | 2,063 | 5,910 | 780 | 16,198 | ||||||||||
Capital markets |
18,964 | 15,415 | 19,112 | 15,108 | 10,533 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating |
15,335 | 12,757 | 14,854 | 12,629 | 8,502 | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
3,629 | 2,658 | 4,258 | 2,479 | 2,031 | ||||||||||
Real estate |
2,103 | | 495 | | | ||||||||||
Fee-generating |
448 | | 279 | | | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
1,655 | | 216 | | | ||||||||||
Total Assets Under Management |
54,533 | 45,927 | 53,609 | 44,202 | 40,770 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating |
43,238 | 41,206 | 43,225 | 40,943 | 22,541 | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
11,295 | 4,721 | 10,384 | 3,259 | 18,229 |
The increases in our fee-generating AUM are generally the result of our fundraising efforts and changes in invested capital for new investments, which is partially offset by realizations of investments. Fund VII, which
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had its final closing on December 17, 2008, had final total committed capital of $14.7 billion, as compared with Fund VI, which had total committed capital of $10.1 billion. Additionally, in 2008, COF I, COF II and EPF raised significant capital, which is included in our capital markets AUM. In 2007, we raised approximately $4.8 billion of capital for our new capital markets funds. We also experienced significant negative value impacts on our AUM for periods in late 2008 and early 2009, as a result of the economic crisis that began in the second half of 2007. Investment values began to increase as signs of economic improvement were noted during the second and third quarters of 2009. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, our fee-generating AUM changed primarily as a result of a decrease in return of capital and sales in our private equity funds, offset by an increase in new capital raised in our capital market funds. During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009, our non-fee generating AUM changed primarily as a result of the increases in fair values of investments above invested capital in our private equity and certain capital markets funds. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, there was also a $1.4 billion increase in the real estate segments non-fee generating AUM, which was primarily the result of additional leverage used by the AGRE CMBS Account.
When the fair value of an investment exceeds invested capital, we are normally entitled to carried interest income on the difference between the fair value and invested capital after also considering certain expenses and preferred return amounts, as specified in their respective partnership agreements. However, we do not earn management fees on such excess. As a result of the growth in both the size and number of funds that we manage, we have experienced an increase in our management fees and advisory and transaction fees. To support this growth, we have also experienced an increase in operating expenses, resulting from hiring additional personnel, opening new offices to expand our geographical reach and incurring additional professional fees.
With respect to our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, we charge management fees on the amount of committed or invested capital and we generally are entitled to carried interest on the realized gains on the investments that are disposed of. Certain funds may have current fair values below invested capital. However, the management fee would still be computed on the invested capital for such funds. With respect to ARI, we receive management fees on stockholders equity as defined in its management agreement. In addition, our fee-generating AUM reflects leverage vehicles that generate monitoring fees. Our total fee-generating AUM is comprised of approximately 84% of assets that earn management fees and the balance of assets earn monitoring fees.
See The Historical Investment Performance of Our FundsInvestment Record for additional discussion of our funds investment performance.
The companys entire fee-generating AUM is subject to management or monitoring fees. The components of fee-generating AUM as of June 30, 2010 and as of December 31, 2009 are presented below:
As of June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital Markets |
Real
Estate |
Total | |||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on capital commitments |
$ | 14,289 | $ | 1,544 | $ | | $ | 15,833 | ||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on invested capital |
8,815 | 3,186 | | 12,001 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on gross/adjusted assets |
879 | 4,801 | 448 | 6,128 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on leverage (1) |
3,472 | 3,385 | | 6,857 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on NAV |
| 2,419 | | 2,419 | ||||||||||
Total Fee-Generating AUM |
$ | 27,455 | (2) | $ | 15,335 | (3) | $ | 448 | $ | 43,238 | ||||
(1) | Monitoring fees are normally based on the total value of certain special purpose vehicle investments, which includes leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered for fee-generating AUM. Monitoring fees are typically calculated using a 0.5% annual rate. |
(2) | The weighted average remaining life of the private equity funds excluding permanent capital vehicles at June 30, 2010 is 80 months. |
(3) | The fee-generating AUM for the capital markets funds has no concentration across the investment strategies. |
(4) | The fee-generating AUM for our real estate entities is based on an adjusted equity amount as specified by the respective management agreements. |
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As of December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital Markets |
Real
Estate |
Total | ||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on capital commitments |
$ | 14,289 | $ | 2,472 | $ | | $ | 16,761 | |||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on invested capital |
9,336 | 1,782 | | 11,118 | |||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on gross/adjusted assets |
902 | 4,755 | 279 | (4) | 5,936 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on leverage (1) |
3,565 | 3,580 | | 7,145 | |||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on NAV |
| 2,265 | | 2,265 | |||||||||||
Total Fee-Generating AUM |
$ | 28 , 092 | (2) | $ | 14,854 | (3) | $ | 279 | $ | 43,225 | |||||
(1) | Monitoring fees are normally based on the total value of certain special purpose vehicle investments, which includes leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered for fee-generating AUM. Monitoring fees are typically calculated using a 0.5% annual rate. |
(2) | The weighted average remaining life of the private equity funds excluding permanent capital vehicles at December 31, 2009 is 82 months. |
(3) | The fee-generating AUM for the capital markets funds has no concentration across the investment strategies. |
(4) | The fee-generating AUM for our real estate entities is based on an adjusted equity amount as specified by the respective management agreements. |
Private Equity Dollars Invested and Uncalled Private Equity Commitments
Private equity dollars invested represents the aggregate amount of capital invested by our private equity funds during a reporting period. Uncalled private equity commitments, by contrast, represent unfunded commitments by investors in our private equity funds to contribute capital to fund future investments or expenses incurred by the funds, fees and applicable expenses. Private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments are indicative of the pace and magnitude of fund capital that is deployed or will be deployed, and which therefore could result in future revenues that include transaction fees and incentive income. Private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments can also give rise to future costs that are related to the hiring of additional resources to manage and account for the additional capital that is deployed or will be deployed. Management uses private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments as key operating metrics since we believe the results measure our investment activities.
The following table summarizes the private equity dollars invested during the specified reporting periods:
For the Three Months
Ended June 30, |
For the Six Months
Ended
June 30, |
For the Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Private equity dollars invested |
$ | 1,967,000 | $ | 986,600 | $ | 2,263,300 | $ | 1,891,200 | $ | 3,475,500 | $ | 8,079,099 | $ | 3,638,326 |
The following table summarizes the uncalled private equity commitments as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007:
As of
June 30, 2010 |
As of December 31, | |||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Uncalled private equity commitments |
$ | 10,802,300 | $ | 13,027,100 | $ | 13,554,800 | $ | 16,406,200 |
The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds
Below we present information relating to the historical performance of our funds, including certain legacy Apollo funds that do not have a meaningful amount of unrealized investments, and in respect of which the general partner interest has not been contributed to us. The data for these funds are presented from the date indicated through July 13, 2007 and have not been adjusted to reflect acquisitions or disposals of investments subsequent to that date.
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When considering the data presented below, you should note that the historical results of our funds are not indicative of the future results that you should expect from such funds, from any future funds we may raise or from your investment in our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The historical and potential future returns of the funds we manage are not directly linked to returns on our Class A shares. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of the funds we manage will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in our Class A shares. However, poor performance of the funds that we manage would cause a decline in our revenue from such funds, and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and in all likelihood the value in our Class A shares. There can be no assurance that any Apollo fund will continue to achieve the same results in the future.
Moreover, the historical returns of our funds should not be considered indicative of the future results you should expect from such funds or from any future funds we may raise, in part because:
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market conditions during previous periods were significantly more favorable for generating positive performance, particularly in our private equity business, than the market conditions we have experienced for the last two years and may continue to experience for the foreseeable future; |
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our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that currently do not exist and may not repeat themselves, and there can be no assurance that our current or future funds will be able to avail themselves of profitable investment opportunities; |
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our private equity funds rates of return, which are calculated on the basis of net asset value of the funds investments, reflect unrealized gains, which may never be realized; |
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our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that may not repeat themselves, including the availability of debt capital on attractive terms, and we may not be able to achieve the same returns or profitable investment opportunities or deploy capital as quickly; |
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the historical returns that we present in this prospectus derive largely from the performance of our earlier private equity funds, whereas future fund returns will depend increasingly on the performance of our newer funds, which may have little or no investment track record; |
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Fund VI and Fund VII are several times larger than our previous private equity funds, and we may not be able to deploy this additional capital as profitably as our prior funds; |
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the attractive returns of certain of our funds have been driven by the rapid return of invested capital, which has not occurred with respect to all of our funds and we believe is less likely to occur in the future; |
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our track record with respect to our capital markets and real estate funds is relatively short as compared to our private equity funds; |
|
in recent years, there has been increased competition for private equity investment opportunities resulting from the increased amount of capital invested in private equity funds and periods of high liquidity in debt markets, which may result in lower returns for the funds; and |
|
our newly established funds may generate lower returns during the period that they take to deploy their capital; consequently, we do not provide return information for any funds which have not been actively investing capital for at least 36 months prior to the valuation date as we believe this information is not meaningful. |
Finally, our private equity IRRs have historically varied greatly from fund to fund. For example, Fund IV has generated an 11% gross IRR and an 8% net IRR since its inception through June 30, 2010, while Fund V has generated a 62% gross IRR and a 45% net IRR since its inception through June 30, 2010. Accordingly, the IRR going forward for any current or future fund may vary considerably from the historical IRR generated by any
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particular fund, or for our private equity funds as a whole. Future returns will also be affected by the applicable risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including risks of the industries
and businesses in which a particular fund invests. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesThe historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of our funds or of our
Investment Record
Private Equity
The following table summarizes the investment record for our private equity fund portfolios apart from AAA. All amounts are as of June 30, 2010, unless otherwise noted. See Terms Used in This Prospectus for the definitions of the terms multiple of invested capital, gross IRR, and net IRR used in the table below.
Vintage
Year |
Committed
Capital |
Total
Invested Capital |
Realized | Unrealized (1) |
Total
Value |
Multiple
of Invested Capital (5) |
As
of
June 30, 2010 |
As of
December 31, 2009 |
As of
December 31, 2008 |
As of
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund VII |
2008 | $ | 14,676 | $ | 6,285 | $ | 2,362 | $ | 5,342 | $ | 7,704 | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | |||||||||||||||
Fund VI |
2006 | 10,136 | 11,277 | 3,261 | 9,423 | 12,684 | 1.3 | 6 | % | 6 | % | 5 | % | 4 | % | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fund V |
2001 | 3,742 | 5,192 | 10,951 | 1,657 | 12,608 | 3.4 | 62 | 45 | 62 | 46 | 63 | % | 47 | % | 71 | % | 54 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund IV |
1998 | 3,600 | 3,481 | 5,693 | 567 | 6,260 | 1.8 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 13 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund III |
1995 | 1,500 | 1,499 | 2,591 | 54 | 2,645 | 1.8 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund I, II & MIA (2) |
1990/92 | 2,220 | 3,773 | 7,924 | | 7,924 | 3.6 | 47 | 37 | 47 | 37 | 47 | 37 | 47 | 37 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 35,874 | $ | 31,507 | $ | 32,782 | $ | 17,043 | $ | 49,825 | 2.4 | x (3) | 39 | % | 26 | % | 39 | % | 26 | % | 39 | % | 25 | % | 41 | % | 29 | % | ||||||||||||||||
(1) | Figures include the market values, estimated fair value of certain unrealized investments and capital committed to investments. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesMany of our funds invest in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets and we may fail to realize any profits from these activities for a considerable period of time or lose some or all of the principal amount we invest in these activities and Our funds may be forced to dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time for a discussion of why our unrealized investments may ultimately be realized at valuations different than those provided here. |
(2) | Fund I and Fund II were structured such that investments were made from either fund depending on which fund had available capital. We do not differentiate between Fund I and Fund II investments for purposes of performance figures because they are not meaningful on a separate basis and do not demonstrate the progression of returns over time. |
(3) | This figure represents an average of the multiples of invested capital for the funds included in the table, excluding funds that began investing less than 36 months from the valuation date. |
(4) | Fund VI and Fund VII did not begin investing the majority of their capital at least 36 months prior to the period indicated. Due to the limited investment period for these private equity funds and the longer overall investment period, we believe multiple of invested capital and return information, as applicable, is not yet meaningful. |
(5) | Multiple of invested capital means (i) with respect to a given investment as of any date, the actual amount realized with respect to such investment plus the estimated fair market value of the remaining interest in such investment as of such date divided by the total capital invested in such investment through such date, and (ii) with respect to a fund as of any date, the aggregate actual amount realized in respect of such funds investments plus the estimated fair market value of the funds remaining interests in such investments as of such date divided by the lesser of the total capital invested in such investments and the total committed capital of such fund. |
Capital Markets and Real Estate
The following table summarizes the investment record for certain of our capital markets and real estate funds. Each fund included in the table below did not begin investing the majority of its capital at least 24 months prior to the valuation date of June 30, 2010. Due to the limited investment period for these funds, return information is not provided since we do not believe such information is meaningful. All amounts are as of June 30, 2010.
Year of
Inception |
Committed
Capital |
Current
Invested Capital |
Current Net
Asset Value |
||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||
AIE II (1) |
2008 | $ | 251.7 | $ | 227.5 | $ | 329.8 | ||||
EPF (1) |
2007 | 1,578.4 | 849.2 | 823.8 | |||||||
Palmetto |
2008 | 759.0 | 252.0 | 284.8 | |||||||
ARI |
2009 | 210.0 | 210.0 | 198.6 | |||||||
AGRE CMBS Account |
2009 | 290.0 | 290.0 | 311.7 |
(1) | Funds denominated in Euros and translated into U.S. Dollars at an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010. |
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The following table summarizes the investment record for the Value Funds, SOMA, AAOF, AIC, COF I, COF II, ACLF and Artus. All amounts are as of June 30, 2010, unless otherwise noted. See Terms Used in this Prospectus for the definitions of the terms used in the table below:
Net Return | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year of
Inception |
Net
Asset Value as of June 30, 2010 |
Since
Inception to June 30, 2010 |
For the
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 |
Since
Inception to December 31, 2009 |
For Year
Ended December 31, 2009 |
For Year
Ended December 31, 2008 |
For Year
Ended December 31, 2007 |
|||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Value Funds |
2003/2006 | $ | 870.3 | (1) | 54.2 | % | 4.3 | % | 28.7 | % | 47.9 | % | 57.7 | % | (29.4 | )% | 4.6 | % | |||||||||
SOMA (2) |
2007 | 964.8 | 29.4 | 7.5 |
37.2
|
|
20.3 | 87.1 | (36.4 | ) | 1.1 | ||||||||||||||||
AAOF |
2007 | 333.8 | 6.0 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 16.2 | (23.9 | ) | 16.5 | |||||||||||||||||
AIC (3) |
2004 | 1,842.9 | 4.4 | (3.3 | ) | 8.3 | 34.8 | 17.0 | (35.1 | ) | 21.0 | ||||||||||||||||
COF I (4) |
2008 | 1,423.4 | 13.5 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | 20.5 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | N/A | ||||||||||||||
COF II (4) |
2008 | 1,718.1 | 10.1 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | 15.1 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | N/A | ||||||||||||||
ACLF |
2007 | 674.7 | 4.3 | (6.2 | ) | 76.3 | 8.9 | 149.8 | (85.5 | ) | (18.2 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Artus |
2007 | 55.9 | (21.8 | ) | 52.8 | N/A | (39.4 | ) | N/A | (100.0 | ) | (3.3 | ) |
(1) | The net asset value of the Value Funds is exclusive of $105.3 million of investments that were transferred to a strategic investment account on January 1, 2010. |
(2) | SOMA returns for primary mandate. |
(3) | Return amounts for AIC represent net asset value returns. |
(4) | The net return is calculated differently for COF I and COF II in the table above. COF I and COF II calculate an internal rate of return since inception (IRR) which is computed based on the actual dates of capital contributions, distributions and ending limited partners capital as of the specified date above. The IRR of the limited partners is net of all fees and profit allocations (carried interest) to the general partner, if any. Year-to-date returns are not calculated for COF I and COF II as dates prior to 24 months from inception are not presented. All returns are inception to date. |
For a description of each funds investments and overall investment strategy, please refer to BusinessOur Businesses.
Performance information for our funds is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of our funds. The performance information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the possible performance of our Class A shares and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of any particular fund. There can be no assurance that our funds will continue to achieve, or that our future funds will achieve, comparable results.
The following table provides a summary of the cost and fair value of our funds investments by segment. The cost and fair values of our private equity investments represent the current invested capital and unrealized values, respectively, in Fund VII, Fund VI, Fund V and Fund IV.
As of June 30, | As of December 31, | |||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Private Equity: |
||||||||||||
Cost |
$ | 13,735 | $ | 12,788 | $ | 12,240 | $ | 6,011 | ||||
Fair Value |
16,989 | 15,971 | 8,890 | 12,295 | ||||||||
Capital Markets: |
||||||||||||
Cost |
9,652 | 8,569 | 9,028 | 7,362 | ||||||||
Fair Value |
9,683 | 8,811 | 6,154 | 7,325 | ||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Cost |
1,909 | 271 | | | ||||||||
Fair Value |
1,921 | 270 | | |
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Redemption
Our distressed and hedge funds and our Palmetto fund generally permit investors to withdraw capital through redemptions, although our Palmetto fund is not permitted to withdraw capital from our private equity funds, capital markets funds or other co-investments that do not permit investors to redeem capital. Under the terms of their respective partnership agreements, investors in such funds are required to provide advance written notice prior to redemption. The timing of the required notice ranges from 5 days to 90 days prior to the redemption date or in the case of certain offshore feeder funds, such number of days as directors of the fund may from time to time determine. To date, none of the Apollo funds have suspended redemption requests. However, in December 2008 and March 2009, respectively, SVF and AAOF notified their investors of their intention to satisfy redemption requests partially in cash and partially in-kind. In respect of the in-kind portion of redemption payments, investors may choose between an actual in-kind distribution of securities having a net asset value equal to the remaining redemption proceeds due and the conversion of a portion of their interests in SVF or AAOF, as applicable, into a new liquidating class of interests. As investments are sold or monetized, the net proceeds attributable to liquidating interests are not reinvested but instead are held in cash or cash equivalents for distribution to the holders of liquidating interests. In the case of SVF, an investor holding a liquidating interest has a limited ability to direct SVF to sell assets for its benefit. In the case of AAOF, holders of liquidating interests may choose between two classes, one of which provides the holder with the additional limited ability to direct AAOF to sell assets for its benefit.
Our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds and real estate funds do not permit investors to withdraw capital through redemptions.
Significant redemption activity, if any, is discussed under the tables that summarize changes in total AUM and AUM for each of our segments. See Operating MetricsAssets Under Management for these tables.
See BusinessFees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination for additional discussion of redemption features in our funds.
Overview of Results of Operations
Revenues
Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates. As a result of providing advisory services with respect to actual and potential private equity and capital markets investments, we are entitled to receive fees for transactions related to the acquisition and, in certain instances, disposition of portfolio companies as well as fees for ongoing monitoring of portfolio company operations and directors fees. We also receive an advisory fee for advisory services provided to a capital markets fund. In addition, monitoring fees are generated on certain special purpose vehicle investments. Under the terms of the limited partnership agreements for certain of our private equity and capital markets funds, the advisory and transaction fees earned are subject to a reduction of a percentage of such advisory and transaction fees (the Management Fee Offsets).
The Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund as follows:
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65%-68% for private equity funds gross advisory, transaction and other special fees; |
|
65%-80% for certain capital markets funds gross advisory, transaction and other special fees; and |
|
100% for certain other capital markets funds gross advisory, transaction and other special fees. |
These offsets are reflected as a decrease in Advisory and Transaction fees from Affiliates on our consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Additionally, in the normal course of business, the management companies incur certain costs related to private equity funds (and certain capital markets funds) transactions that are not consummated, or broken deal costs. A portion of broken deal costs related to certain of our private equity funds, up to the total amount of
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advisory and transaction fees, are reimbursed by the unconsolidated funds (through reductions of the management fee offset described above), except for Fund VII and certain of our capital markets funds which initially bear all broken deal costs and these costs are factored into the Management Fee Offsets.
Management Fees from Affiliates. The significant growth of the assets we manage has had a positive effect on our revenues. Management fees are calculated based upon any of net asset value, gross assets, adjusted costs of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, invested capital, adjusted assets, capital contributions, or stockholders equity, each as defined in the applicable management agreement of the unconsolidated funds. Fees earned from our consolidated funds are eliminated in consolidation. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, therefore, periods subsequent to these dates, management fees associated with these funds are included in the consolidated and combined statement of operations. As the number of funds we manage has increased year over year so have our management fees.
Carried Interest Income from Affiliates. The general partners of our funds, in general, are entitled to an incentive return that can amount to as much as 20% of the total returns on fund capital, depending upon performance of the underlying funds and subject to preferred returns and high water marks, as applicable. The carried interest income from affiliates is recognized in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to accounting for arrangement fees based on a formula. In applying the U.S. GAAP guidance, the carried interest from affiliates for any period is based upon an assumed liquidation of the funds net assets at the reporting date, and distribution of the net proceeds in accordance with the funds allocation provisions.
The general partners of certain of our distressed and hedge funds accrue carried interest when the fair value of investments exceeds the cost basis of the individual investors investments in the fund, including any allocable share of expenses incurred in connection with such investments. These high water marks are applied on an individual investor basis. All of our distressed and hedge funds have investors with various high water marks and, subject to market conditions and investment performance, we believe that these high water marks are reasonably likely to be surpassed in future periods. As of June 30, 2010, the general partners of Fund V, Fund VII, our Value Funds, SOMA, COF I and COF II were accruing carried interest income because the fair value of the investments of certain investors in these funds are in excess of their cost basis and allocable share of expenses. The investment advisor of AIC was also accruing carried interest income because the underlying investments of AIC were generating interest and dividend income. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 95% and 99% of the investments in the Value Funds and SOMA, respectively, were generating carried interest income. All of the limited partners of COF I and COF II were above each funds 8.0% and 7.5% hurdle rates, respectively, and generating carried interest income. See Operating MetricsPrivate Equity Carried Interest Income for a detailed discussion of the carried interest income of our private equity funds, including Fund V and Fund VII.
Carried interest income from our private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to contingent repayment by the general partner in the event of future losses to the extent that the cumulative carried interest distributed from inception to date exceeds the amount computed as due to the general partner at the final distribution. These general partner obligations, if applicable, are disclosed by private equity fund in the table below. There were no such general partner obligations related to our capital markets or real estate funds as of the June 30, 2010 balance sheet date. Carried interest receivables are reported on a separate line item within the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. Carried interest from our consolidated funds is eliminated in consolidation. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007; therefore, subsequent to these dates, the carried interest income associated with these funds subsequent to deconsolidation is included in the consolidated and combined statement of operations.
Private Equity Carried Interest Income
The tables below present additional information related to carried interest income generated by the private equity funds that the company manages. Carried interest income fee rates are generally 20% for our private
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equity funds. In certain private equity funds, the company does not earn carried interest income until the investors in the fund have achieved cumulative investment returns on invested capital (including management fees and operating expenses) in excess of an 8% hurdle rate. So long as the investors achieve their priority returns, there is a catch-up formula whereby the company earns a priority return for a portion of the return until the companys carried interest income equates to its incentive fee rate for that fund; thereafter, the company participates in returns from the fund at the carried interest income rate. Carried interest income is subject to reversal to the extent that the carried interest income recognized exceeds the amount to which the general partner is entitled based on a funds cumulative investment returns. The general partner obligation represents all amounts previously distributed to the general partner that would need to be repaid to the Apollo funds if these funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds investments as of the reporting date. The actual general partner obligation, however, would not become payable until the end of a funds life.
The following table summarizes our carried interest income since the inception of our private equity funds through June 30, 2010:
Carried interest income since inception | ||||||||||||||||
Fund |
Undistributed
by fund & recognized |
Distributed
by fund & recognized |
General partner
obligation as of June 30, 2010 |
Total
undistributed and distributed by fund & recognized (1) |
Maximum carried
interest income subject to potential reversal (2) |
|||||||||||
(in millions) |
||||||||||||||||
Fund VII |
$ | 131.6 | $ | 64.0 | $ | | $ | 195.6 | $ | 153.6 | ||||||
Fund VI |
| 44.4 | (13.1 | ) | 31.3 | | ||||||||||
Fund V |
158.6 | 1,252.7 | | 1,411.3 | 287.5 | |||||||||||
Fund IV |
| 387.8 | | 387.8 | 97.5 | |||||||||||
Total |
$ | 290.2 | $ | 1,748.9 | $ | (13.1 | ) | $ | 2,026.0 | $ | 538.6 | |||||
(1) | Amounts were computed based on the fair value of fund investments on June 30, 2010. As a result, carried interest income has been allocated to and recognized by the general partner. Based on the amount of carried interest income allocated, a portion is subject to potential reversal at June 30, 2010. |
(2) | Represents the amount of carried interest income that would be reversed if remaining fund investments were liquidated at zero value on June 30, 2010. Amounts subject to potential reversal of carried interest income include amounts undistributed by a fund (i.e., the carried interest receivable), as well as a portion of the amounts that have been distributed by a fund, net of taxes not subject to a general partner obligation to return previously distributed carried interest income. |
The following table summarizes the investment gains needed to generate carried interest income from funds that are currently not generating carried interest income based on the fair value of the underlying funds investments as of June 30, 2010.
Fund |
Fair Value of
Investments as of June 30, 2010 |
Gain to Cross
Carried Interest Income Threshold |
Gain to Cross
Carried Interest Income Threshold % |
||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Fund VI |
$ | 9,422.7 | $ | 899.3 | 9.5 | % | |||
Fund IV |
567.3 | 184.8 | 32.6 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 9,990.0 | $ | 1,084.1 | 10.9 | % | |||
Note: | Fund VII and Fund V are not included as these funds are allocating carried interest income to their general partner. |
Expenses
Compensation and Benefits. Our most significant expense is compensation and benefits expense. This consists of fixed salary, discretionary and non-discretionary bonuses, profit sharing expense associated with the carried interest income earned from private equity funds and capital markets funds and recognition of compensation expense associated with the vesting of non-cash equity-based awards.
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Our compensation arrangements with certain partners and employees contain a significant performance-based bonus component. Therefore, as our net revenues increase, our compensation costs also rise or can be lower when net revenues decrease. In addition, our compensation costs reflect the increased investment in people as we expand geographically and create new funds. All payments for services rendered by our managing partners prior to the Reorganization have been accounted for as partnership distributions rather than compensation and benefits expense. As a result, the financial statements have not reflected compensation expense for services rendered by these individuals. Subsequent to the Reorganization, our managing partners are considered employees of Apollo. As such, payments for services made to these individuals, including the expense associated with Apollo Operating Group unit grants described below, have been recorded as compensation expense. The Apollo Operating Group units were granted to the managing partners and contributing partners at the time of the Reorganization, as discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
In addition, certain professionals and selected other individuals have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to these funds in order to better align their interests with our own and with those of the investors in these funds. Profit sharing expense is part of our compensation and benefits expense and is based upon a fixed percentage of private equity and capital markets carried interest income on a pre-tax and a pre-consolidated basis. Profit sharing expense can reverse during periods when there is a decline in carried interest income that was previously recognized. Profit sharing amounts are normally distributed to employees after the corresponding investment gains have been realized and preferred returns achieved for the investors. Therefore, changes in our unrealized gains (losses) for investments have the same effect on our profit sharing expense. Profit sharing expense increases when unrealized gains increase. Realizations only impact profit sharing expense to the extent that the effects on investments have not been recognized previously. If losses on other investments within a fund are subsequently realized, the profit sharing amounts previously distributed are normally subject to a general partner obligation to return carried interest income previously distributed back to the funds. This general partner obligation due to the funds would be realized only when the fund is liquidated, which generally occurs at the end of the funds term. However, indemnification clauses may also exist for pre-reorganization realized gains, which, although our managing partners and contributing partners would remain personally liable, may indemnify our managing partners and contributing partners for 17.5% to 100% of the previously distributed profits regardless of the funds future performance. Refer to note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further discussion of indemnification.
Salary expense for services rendered by our managing partners is limited to $100,000 per year for a five-year period that commenced in September 2007 and will likely increase subsequent to September 2012. Additionally, in connection with the Reorganization, the managing partners and contributing partners received Apollo Operating Group units with a vesting period of five to six years and certain employees were granted RSUs that typically have a vesting period of six years. Managing partners, contributing partners and certain employees have also been granted AAA RDUs, or incentive units that provide the right to receive AAA RDUs, which both represent common units of AAA and generally vest over three years for employees and fully vested for managing partners and contributing partners on the grant date. Refer to note 12 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further discussion of Apollo Operating Group units and other share-based compensation.
Other Expenses. Other expenses includes interest, litigation settlement, professional fees, placement fees, occupancy, depreciation and amortization and other general operating expenses. Interest expense consists primarily of interest related to the AMH credit facility which has a variable interest amount based on LIBOR and ABR interest rates as discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The litigation settlement was a result of the December 2008 agreement with Huntsman Corporation, or Huntsman, to settle certain actions related to the Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., or Hexion, now-terminated acquisition of Huntsman, or the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 13 of the aforementioned financial statements. Placement fees are incurred in connection with our capital raising activities. Occupancy expense represents charges related to office leases and associated expenses, such as utilities and maintenance fees. Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets is normally calculated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, ranging from two to sixteen years,
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taking into consideration any residual value. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the expected term of the lease. Intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the Non-Controlling Interests during the third quarter of 2007 are amortized using the straight-line method over the expected useful lives of the assets, as discussed in note 3 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Other general operating expenses normally include costs related to travel, information technology and administration.
Other Income
Net (losses) gains from investment activities. The performance of the consolidated Apollo funds has impacted our net (losses) gains from investment activities, which includes both realized gains and losses and the change in unrealized gains and losses in our investment portfolio between the opening balance sheet date and the closing balance sheet date. Net unrealized gains (losses) are a result of changes in the fair value of investments that have not been realized as of the balance sheet date. Significant judgment and estimation goes into the assumptions that drive these models and the actual values realized with respect to investments could be materially different from values obtained based on the use of those models. The valuation methodologies applied impact the reported value of investment company holdings and their underlying portfolios in our consolidated and combined financial statements. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. Therefore subsequent to deconsolidation, the consolidated and combined financial statements include only the net realized and unrealized gains (losses) of AAA and the Metals Trading Fund, the two funds that are consolidated at June 30, 2010.
Net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities. Changes in the fair value of the consolidated VIE assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income and expenses subsequent to consolidation are presented within net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities and are attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Interest Income. Interest income is recognized as earned on an accrual basis. Discounts and premiums on securities purchased are accreted or amortized over the life of the respective investments using the effective interest method.
Other Income, Net. Other income, net includes insurance proceeds received from certain of the companys professional liability insurance carriers in connection with a prior period litigation settlement, rental income, gains (losses) arising from the remeasurement of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries and other miscellaneous income and expenses.
Debt Repurchase. To the extent we repurchase any of our debt, a gain or loss is recorded on the trade date of such transaction for any difference between cash paid and the carrying value of the debt purchased.
Income Tax (Provision) Benefit
Apollo has historically operated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As a result, income has not been subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by these entities represent obligations of the individual partners and members and have not been reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Income taxes shown on the historical consolidated and combined statements of operations are attributable to the New York City unincorporated business tax and income taxes on certain entities located in non-U.S. jurisdictions.
Following the Reorganization, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries continue to operate in the U.S. generally as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases continue to be subject to New York City
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unincorporated business tax, or in the case of non-U.S. entities, to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, APO Corp. is subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes at the entity level and these taxes are reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Non-Controlling Interests
For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than Apollo. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by the company is included in Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Non-Controlling Interests relating to Apollo Global Management, LLC primarily includes (i) the 71.4% ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group held by the managing partners and contributing partners as of June 30, 2010 through their partnership interests in Holdings; (ii) the approximate 97% ownership interest held by the limited partners in AAA; and (iii) limited partner interests of Apollo managed funds in consolidated VIEs.
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued authoritative guidance for Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated financial statements. This guidance requires reporting entities to present Non-Controlling (minority) Interests as equity (as opposed to a liability or mezzanine equity) and provides guidance on the accounting for transactions between an entity and Non-Controlling Interests. This guidance applies prospectively as of January 1, 2009, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements, which are applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2009 and as a result, (1) Non-Controlling Interests were reclassified as a separate component of Shareholders Equity on the companys consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) Net Loss was adjusted to include the net loss attributed to the Non-Controlling Interests on the companys consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the companys consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in our consolidated funds from the interests of the company, and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interests exceeded their basis, the company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interests account and recorded the losses in excess of basis as part of accumulated deficit.
On January 1, 2010, the company adopted amended consolidation guidance issued by FASB on issues related to VIEs. The amended guidance significantly affects the overall consolidation analysis, changing the approach taken by companies in identifying which entities are VIEs and in determining which party is the primary beneficiary. The amended guidance requires continuous assessment of the reporting entitys involvement with such VIEs. The amended guidance also enhances the disclosure requirements for a reporting entitys involvement with VIEs, including presentation on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition of assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs that meet the separate presentation criteria and disclosure of assets and liabilities recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and the maximum exposure to loss for those VIEs in which a reporting entity is determined to not be the primary beneficiary but in which it has a variable interest. The guidance provides a limited scope deferral for a reporting entitys interest in an entity that meets all of the following conditions: (a) the entity has all the attributes of an investment company as defined under AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , or does not have all the attributes of an investment company but is an entity for which it is acceptable based on industry practice to apply measurement principles that are consistent with the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , (b) the reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity and (c) the entity is not a securitization entity (i.e., VIE entity), asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special-purpose entity. The reporting entity is required to perform a consolidation analysis for entities that qualify for the deferral in accordance with previously issued guidance on variable interest entities. Apollos involvement with the funds it manages is such that all three of the above conditions are met with the exception of certain vehicles which fail
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condition (c) above. As previously mentioned, the incremental impact of adopting the amended consolidation guidance resulted in the consolidation of one VIE as of January 1, 2010. The company also consolidated an additional VIE upon its formation during the second quarter of 2010. Further disclosures related to Apollos involvement with VIEs are presented in note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Investment Platform and Cost Trends
In order to accommodate the increasing demands of our funds rapidly growing investment portfolios, we have expanded our investment platform, which is comprised primarily of our people, financial and operating systems and supporting infrastructure. Expansion of our investment platform required increases in headcount, consisting of newly hired professionals and support staff, as well as leases and associated improvements to new offices to accommodate the increasing number of employees, and related augmentation of systems and infrastructure. Our headcount increased from 276 employees as of December 31, 2007 to 418 employees as of June 30, 2010. As a result, our compensation and other personnel-related expenses have increased, as have our rent and other office-related expenses. As we continue to expand our global platform, we anticipate our headcount and related expenses will continue to increase.
Our future growth will depend in part, on our ability to maintain an operating platform and management system sufficient to address our growth and will require us to incur significant additional expenses and to commit additional senior management and operational resources. As a result, we face significant challenges:
|
maintaining adequate financial, regulatory and business controls; |
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implementing new or updated information and financial systems, processes and procedures; and |
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training, managing and hiring qualified professionals and appropriately sizing our work force and other components of our business on a timely and cost-effective basis. |
We may not be able to manage our expanding operations effectively or be able to continue to grow, and any failure to do so could adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and control our expenses.
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Below is a discussion of our condensed consolidated results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and for our consolidated and combined financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. For additional analysis of the factors that affected our results at the segment level, refer to Segment Analysis following the analysis of the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
Revenues
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 19,417 | 261.4 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 11,670 | 12.4 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | (93,516 | ) | NM | (1) | |||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 79,280 | $ | 141,709 | $ | (62,429 | ) | (44.1 | )% | |||||
(1) | NM denotes not meaningful. Changes from negative to positive amounts and positive to negative amounts are not considered meaningful. Increases or decreases from zero and changes greater than 500% are also not considered meaningful. |
Our revenues include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels, and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $19.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This increase was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments increased by $18.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2010, gross and net transaction fees were $58.3 million and $16.6 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $27.1 million and $10.2 million, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2009, there were no transaction fees while gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $25.5 million and $7.4 million, respectively. Transaction and advisory fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets as calculated under the terms of the respective limited partnership agreements. Refer to Overview of Results of OperationsRevenuesAdvisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates for a summary that addresses how the Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $11.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned by our capital markets and private equity segments of $8.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, as a result of increased net assets managed during the period. In addition, management fees earned from our real estate segment were $1.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates changed by $(93.5) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. Carried interest (loss) income is related to investment losses and gains of unconsolidated affiliates. During the three months ended June 30, 2010, there was $(117.2) million and $63.5 million of unrealized and realized carried interest (loss) income, respectively, resulting in a net carried interest loss from affiliates of $(53.7) million. During the three months ended June 30, 2009, there was $20.8 million and $19.0 million of unrealized and realized carried interest income, respectively, resulting in total carried interest income from affiliates of $39.8 million. The $138.0 million decrease in
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unrealized carried interest income was driven by significant changes in the fair value of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds due to unfavorable market conditions during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009 that resulted in decreased valuations across all industries. The $44.5 million increase in realized carried interest income was attributable to dispositions of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Expenses
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 313,997 | $ | 342,646 | $ | (28,649 | ) | (8.4 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | (3,246 | ) | (25.5 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 728 | 8.3 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 5,060 | 42.4 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | (737 | ) | (52.0 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | (1,935 | ) | (26.5 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | (68 | ) | (1.1 | ) | |||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 362,110 | $ | 390,957 | $ | (28,847 | ) | (7.4 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $28.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. Compensation and benefits is comprised of non-cash compensation expense, profit sharing expense and salary, bonus and benefits expense. The decrease in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to a change in profit sharing expense of $(38.3) million which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity and capital markets funds resulting in a decrease of $44.6 million, partially offset by higher incentive-based compensation of $6.3 million during the period. This net decrease was partially offset by an increase in salary, bonus and benefits expenses of $5.3 million driven by an increase in headcount along with an increase in non-cash compensation expense of $4.4 million, primarily related to additional grants of RSUs subsequent to June 30, 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Professional fees increased by $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, which was primarily associated with incremental costs incurred to register Class A shares in connection with the IPO.
General, administrative and other expenses increased by $5.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred in connection with the launch of our new real estate funds and continued expansion of our global investment platform during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees decreased by $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of capital for new and
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existing funds. The fees are normally payable to placement agents, who are third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising efforts during the second quarter of 2010 in connection with our capital markets funds, which resulted in lower placement fees of $0.8 million.
Occupancy expense decreased by $1.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended
June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space during the three months ended June 30, 2010, as compared to the
Other (Loss) Income
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
$ | (11,005 | ) | $ | 279,666 | $ | (290,671 | ) | NM | |||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(19,432 | ) | | (19,432 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 36,193 | (36,193 | ) | (100.0 | )% | ||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(1,712 | ) | 32,572 | (34,284 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 7 | 2.4 | ||||||||||
Other income, net |
25,264 | 23,218 | 2,046 | 8.8 | ||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (6,585 | ) | $ | 371,942 | $ | (378,527 | ) | NM | |||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities changed by $(290.7) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was primarily attributable to a change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $(277.0) million related to changes in the fair value of AAAs portfolio investments during the period, along with net unrealized gains (losses) of $(11.2) million related to the change in the fair value of Artus during 2009, where we, as the general partner, were allocated any negative equity of the fund. In addition, $(2.5) million of net unrealized gains (losses) were attributable to the change in the fair value of the Metals Trading Funds portfolio investments during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated VIEs were $19.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010. This amount was attributable to net realized and unrealized losses relating to the changes in the fair values of investments and debt held by the consolidated VIEs of $(24.6) million along with other expenses of $7.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010, partially offset by interest income of $12.2 million.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $36.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of $90.9 million face value of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility for $54.7 million in cash. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $36.2 million.
(Loss) income from equity method investments changed by $(34.3) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was primarily driven by unfavorable market conditions that negatively impacted the fair values of certain Apollo funds in which the company has a direct interest during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. COF I, ACLF, Fund VII, COF II, Vantium C and AIE II had the most significant impact and
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together generated $(3.0) million of equity method investment loss during the three months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $35.2 million of equity method investment income during the three months ended June 30, 2009. Refer to note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a complete summary of income (loss) from equity method investments by fund for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
Other income increased by $2.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an additional $12.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the three months ended June 30, 2010, totaling $27.5 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement during 2008, as compared to $15.0 million received during the three months ended June 30, 2009. This was offset by a loss of $10.5 million, primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries due to volatility in foreign exchange markets during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Income Tax Provision
The income tax provision was $12.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2009, an increase of $11.8 million. As discussed in note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the companys income tax provision primarily relates to the earnings generated by APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is subject to federal, state and local taxes. The change in APO Corp.s income (loss) before taxes during the period resulted in increased federal and state income taxes totaling $10.2 million, utilizing a 35% tax rate for federal taxes and a combined 6% tax rate for state and local taxes. The remaining increase of $1.6 million in the income tax provision was primarily driven by increases in the New York City Unincorporated Business Tax, or NYC UBT, as well as taxes on foreign subsidiaries during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | 11,573 | $ | (256,470 | ) | |||
Consolidated variable interest entities (2) |
19,432 | | ||||||
Former Employees (3) |
(7,261 | ) | (762 | ) | ||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | 23,744 | $ | (257,232 | ) | |||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss (income) of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interest ownership percentage in AAA, which was approximately 97% during the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. |
(2) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss of the consolidated VIEs during the three months ended June 30, 2010. Also includes $3.6 million of losses, recorded within appropriated partners deficit related to a consolidated VIE. |
(3) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. |
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Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (302,142 | ) | $ | 121,749 | |||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | |||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(278,398 | ) | (135,483 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax provision (1) |
12,727 | 945 | ||||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax provision (2) |
(3,124 | ) | (1,552 | ) | ||||
Net loss (income) in non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
790 | (565 | ) | |||||
Total adjustments |
10,393 | (1,172 | ) | |||||
Net loss after adjustments |
(268,005 | ) | (136,655 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.36% | 71.50% | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (3) |
(191,234 | ) | (98,108 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
AMH special allocation (4) |
(12,040 | ) | | |||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (203,274 | ) | $ | (98,108 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state, and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interests as the income (loss) allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to its operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non-U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income (loss) attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage noted above to the consolidated net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before a corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. For the 2010 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.36% from March 13, 2010 to June 30, 2010. For the 2009 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.50% from February 11, 2009 to June 30, 2009. |
(4) | These amounts represent special allocation of income to APO Corp. and reduction of income allocated to Holdings due to the amendment to the AMH limited partnership agreement as discussed in note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
Revenues
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 22,015 | 138.5 | % | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
209,916 | 189,538 | 20,378 | 10.8 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
55,045 | 92,998 | (37,953 | ) | (40.8 | ) | |||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 302,874 | $ | 298,434 | $ | 4,440 | 1.5 | % | |||||
Our revenues include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels, and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $22.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30,
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2009. This increase was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments increased by $18.3 million and $3.7 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, gross and net transaction fees were $61.8 million and $18.1 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $56.7 million and $19.8 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, there were no transaction fees while gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $52.2 million and $15.4 million, respectively. Transaction and advisory fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets as calculated under the terms of the respective limited partnership agreements. Refer to Overview of Results of OperationsRevenuesAdvisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates for a summary that addresses how the Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $20.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned from the capital markets and private equity segments of $15.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively, as a result of increased net assets managed during the period. In addition, management fees earned from our real estate segment were $3.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Carried interest income from affiliates changed by $(38.0) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six
months ended June 30, 2009. Carried interest income (loss) is related to investment gains and losses of unconsolidated affiliates. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, there was $(72.0) million and $127.0 million of unrealized and
realized carried interest (loss) income, respectively, resulting in net carried interest income from affiliates of $55.0 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, there was $35.4 million and $57.6 million of unrealized and
realized carried interest income, respectively, resulting in total carried interest income from affiliates of $93.0 million. The $107.4 million decrease in unrealized carried interest income was driven by significant changes in the fair value
of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds due to unfavorable market conditions during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, which resulted in decreased
valuations across all industries. The $69.4 million increase in realized carried interest income was attributable to dispositions of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds during the six months
Expenses
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 688,874 | $ | 684,216 | $ | 4,658 | 0.7 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
20,324 | 26,105 | (5,781 | ) | (22.1 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
22,404 | 14,383 | 8,021 | 55.8 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
31,503 | 22,788 | 8,715 | 38.2 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
4,541 | 3,765 | 776 | 20.6 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
10,808 | 13,370 | (2,562 | ) | (19.2 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
12,146 | 12,098 | 48 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 790,600 | $ | 776,725 | $ | 13,875 | 1.8 | % | |||||
Compensation and benefits increased by $4.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. Compensation and benefits is comprised of non-cash compensation expense, profit sharing expense and salary, bonus and benefits expenses. The change in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in salary, bonus and benefits expense of $13.0 million driven by an increase in headcount along with an increase in non-cash compensation of $4.1 million, primarily related to additional grants of RSUs subsequent to June 30, 2009. These increases were partially offset by the change in
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profit sharing expense of $(12.4) million which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity and capital markets funds resulting in a decrease of $21.7 million, partially offset by higher incentive-based compensation of $9.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $8.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, which was primarily associated with incremental costs incurred to register Class A shares in connection with the IPO.
General, administrative and other expenses increased by $8.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred in connection with the launch of our new real estate funds and continued expansion of our global investment platform during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees increased by $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of committed capital for new and existing funds. The fees are normally payable to placement agents, who are third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to active fundraising efforts during the first quarter of 2010, which resulted in higher placement fees for our capital markets funds of $1.8 million, partially offset by decreased fundraising efforts for our private equity funds, which resulted in lower placement fees of $1.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Occupancy expense decreased by $2.6 million for the six
months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space
Other Income
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 100,716 | $ | 113,068 | $ | (12,352 | ) | (10.9 | )% | |||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(265 | ) | | (265 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 36,193 | (36,193 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
6,168 | 23,134 | (16,966 | ) | (73.3 | ) | ||||||||
Interest income |
662 | 701 | (39 | ) | (5.6 | ) | ||||||||
Other income, net |
21,906 | 39,151 | (17,245 | ) | (44.0 | ) | ||||||||
Total Other Income |
$ | 129,187 | $ | 212,247 | $ | (83,060 | ) | (39.1 | )% | |||||
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Net gains from investment activities changed by $(12.4) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was primarily attributable to the change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $(18.7) million related to changes in the fair value of AAAs portfolio investments, partially offset by the change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $9.7 million related to the increase in the fair value of Artus during 2009, where we, as the general partner, are guaranteeing the negative equity of the fund. In addition, $(3.4) million of net unrealized gains (losses) were attributable to the change in the fair value of the Metals Trading Funds portfolio investments during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated VIEs were $0.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010. This amount was attributable to net realized and unrealized gains (losses) relating to the changes in the fair values of investments and debt held by the VIEs of $(13.6) million along with other expenses of $10.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010, partially offset by interest income of $23.4 million.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $36.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of $90.9 million face value of debt related to the AMH credit facility for $54.7 million in cash. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $36.2 million.
Income from equity method investments changed by $(17.0) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily driven by unfavorable market conditions which negatively impacted the fair values of certain Apollo funds in which the company has a direct interest during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. ACLF, COF I, Fund VII, COF II and AIE II had the most significant impact and together generated $(0.5) million of equity method investment loss during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to equity method income of $24.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009. Refer to note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a complete summary of income (loss) from equity method investments by fund for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
Other income decreased by $17.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to $11.7 million of losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries due to volatility in foreign exchange markets during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. The remaining decrease of $5.5 million was primarily attributable to an additional $2.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the six months ended June 30, 2009, totaling $30.0 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement incurred during 2008, as compared to $27.5 million received during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Income Tax Provision
The income tax provision was $16.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009 compared to $7.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, an increase of $9.7 million. As discussed in note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the companys income tax provision primarily relates to the earnings generated by APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is subject to federal, state and local taxes. The change in APO Corp.s income (loss) before taxes during the period resulted in increased federal and state income taxes totaling $9.0 million utilizing a 35% tax rate for federal taxes and a combined 6% tax rate for state and local taxes. The remaining increase of $0.7 million in the income tax provision was primarily driven by increases in the NYC UBT, as well as taxes on foreign subsidiaries during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
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Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | (97,896 | ) | $ | (114,121 | ) | ||
Consolidated variable interest entities (2) |
265 | | ||||||
Former Employees (3) |
(9,767 | ) | (3,040 | ) | ||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | (107,398 | ) | $ | (117,161 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interest ownership percentage in AAA, which was approximately 97% during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. |
(2) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss of the consolidated VIEs during the six months ended June 30, 2010. Also includes $3.6 million of losses, recorded within appropriated partners deficit related to a consolidated VIE. |
(3) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. |
Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (375,321 | ) | $ | (273,160 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | ||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(482,719 | ) | (390,321 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax provision (1) |
16,782 | 7,116 | ||||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax provision (2) |
(4,623 | ) | (3,965 | ) | ||||
Net loss in non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
1,566 | 83 | ||||||
Total adjustments |
13,725 | 3,234 | ||||||
Net loss after adjustments |
(468,994 | ) | (387,087 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.50%/71.36% | 71.15%/71.50% | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (3) |
(334,873 | ) | (276,767 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
AMH special allocation (4) |
(12,040 | ) | | |||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (346,913 | ) | $ | (276,767 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interests as the income (loss) allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to its operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non-U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income (loss) attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage noted above to the consolidated net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before a corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. For the 2010 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.50% from January 1, 2010 to March 12, 2010 and approximately 71.36% from March 13, 2010 to June 30, 2010. For the 2009 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.15% from January 1, 2009 to February 10, 2009 and approximately 71.50% from February 11, 2009 to June 30, 2009. |
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(4) | These amounts represent special allocation of income to APO Corp. and reduction of income allocated to Holdings due to the amendment to the AMH limited partnership agreement as discussed in note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | (89,106 | ) | (61.4 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
406,257 | 384,247 | 22,010 | 5.7 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 1,300,529 | NM | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 966,728 | $ | (266,705 | ) | $ | 1,233,433 | NM | ||||||
Our revenues and other income include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, decreased by $89.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This decrease was primarily attributable to fewer acquisitions and divestitures during the year ended December 31, 2009, which led to lower transaction fees during this period. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments decreased by $72.2 million and $16.9 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2009, gross and net transaction fees were $68.1 million and $22.9 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $108.5 million and $39.1 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees were $304.8 million and $115.0 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees were $105.8 million and $39.7 million, respectively. The net transaction and net advisory fees were further offset by $5.9 million and $9.5 million in broken deal costs that the company was obligated to repay during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, primarily relating to Fund VII. Transaction and advisory fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets as calculated under the terms of the respective limited partnership agreements. See Overview of Results of OperationsRevenuesAdvisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates for a summary that addresses how the Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $22.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to an increase in management fees earned from our private equity funds of $16.0 million primarily as a result of increased invested capital by Fund VI during the period. Management fees earned by our capital markets and real estate segments increased by $4.8 million and $1.2 million, respectively, as a result of increased net assets managed during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Carried interest income (loss) is related to investment gains and losses of unconsolidated funds. During the year ended December 31, 2009, there was $383.0 million of unrealized carried interest income and $121.4 million of realized carried interest income, resulting in total carried interest income from affiliates of $504.4 million. During the year ended December 31, 2008, there was $1,211.3 million of unrealized carried interest loss and $415.2 million of realized carried interest income, resulting in total carried interest loss from affiliates of $796.1 million. The $1,594.3 million change in unrealized carried interest income was impacted by improvements in the fair value of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008. The $1,594.3 million change in unrealized
138
carried interest income was offset by the $293.8 million decrease in realized carried interest income that resulted from larger dispositions of portfolio investments in Fund V during 2008 as
Expenses
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 1,495,010 | $ | 843,600 | $ | 651,410 | 77.2 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
50,252 | 62,622 | (12,370 | ) | (19.8 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
33,889 | 76,450 | (42,561 | ) | (55.7 | ) | |||||||
Litigation settlement |
| 200,000 | (200,000 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
General, administrative and other |
61,066 | 71,789 | (10,723 | ) | (14.9 | ) | |||||||
Placement fees |
12,364 | 51,379 | (39,015 | ) | (75.9 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
29,625 | 20,830 | 8,795 | 42.2 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
24,299 | 22,099 | 2,200 | 10.0 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 1,706,505 | $ | 1,348,769 | $ | 357,736 | 26.5 | % | |||||
Compensation and benefits increased $651.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Compensation and benefits expense is comprised of non-cash compensation expense, profit sharing expense and salary, bonus and benefits expense. The increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to the change in profit sharing expense of $644.6 million which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity and capital markets funds, combined with an increase in compensation and salary, bonus and benefits expense of $31.9 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in non-cash compensation expense of $25.1 million primarily related to RSUs and AAA RDUs due to the decrease in fair value of granted shares in 2009 compared with 2008, as discussed in note 12 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Interest expense decreased by $12.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009 combined with lower LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Professional fees decreased by $42.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period during 2008.
A litigation settlement expense of $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Included in other income (loss) are the insurance reimbursements of $37.5 million received in 2009 related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement.
General, administrative and other expenses fees decreased by $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to decreases in various expenses such as travel, information technology and other general expenses incurred as a result of our cost management initiatives across the company during the year ended December 31, 2009. These expense decreases were partially offset by $8.0 million of costs that related to the launch of ARI during the third quarter of 2009.
Placement fees decreased $39.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of capital for new and existing funds. These fees are normally payable to placement agents, who are third parties that assist in identifying potential
139
investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering and marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to active fundraising efforts during 2008 in connection with raising capital for Fund VII, COF I and COF II. During 2009, we reduced our fundraising activities to focus more on existing investment opportunities with the capital currently under management. Accordingly, there were no significant private equity or capital markets funds formed in 2009 that required considerable fundraising services provided by placement agents, which resulted in lower placement fees incurred for our private equity and capital markets funds of $25.6 million and $13.4 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Occupancy expense fees increased by $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase was attributable to additional office space leased during 2009 as a result of the increase in our headcount to support the expansion of our global investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space and losses incurred on two subleases.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to increased depreciation expense associated with additional assets placed in service during the period totaling $3.4 million, partially offset by decreased amortization expense of $1.2 million incurred during 2009 relating to the intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the contributing partners interest at the date of Reorganization.
Other Income (Loss)
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities |
$ | 510,935 | $ | (1,269,100 | ) | $ | 1,780,035 |
NM
|
|
|||||
Gain on repurchase of debt |
36,193 | | 36,193 | NM | ||||||||||
Interest income |
1,450 | 19,368 | (17,918 | ) | (92.5 | )% | ||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 140,466 |
NM
|
|
||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
41,410 | (4,609 | ) | 46,019 | NM | |||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
$ | 673,101 | $ | (1,311,694 | ) | $ | 1,984,795 |
NM
|
|
|||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities increased by $1,780.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $1,702.5 million related to changes in the fair value of AAA Investments portfolio investments. Along with, a change in unrealized gains (losses) of $76.9 million which was related to the change in the fair value of Artus during 2009, where we as the general partner are allocated any negative equity of the fund.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $36.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. This was attributable to the purchase of $90.9 million face value of debt related to the AMH credit facility for $54.7 million in cash. As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $36.2 million.
Interest income decreased by $17.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower average cash balances combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $140.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was driven primarily by improved market
140
conditions in 2009 compared to 2008, which positively impacted the fair values of certain Apollo funds in which the company has a direct interest. The change in market conditions and corresponding impact on valuations across investment classes is more fully discussed at Business Environment. Fund VII had the most significant impact and generated $31.5 million of equity method income during the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to a $14.8 million equity method loss during the year ended December 31, 2008. The $46.3 million change was also indirectly impacted by additional capital contributions to Fund VII that were made by the company during 2009, which led to greater equity method income as market conditions improved over the same period. See the complete summary of income (loss) from equity method investments by fund for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 in note 4 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Other income (loss) increased by $46.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a $37.5 million insurance reimbursement received during 2009 relating to the $200.0 million litigation settlement incurred during 2008. In addition, $8.5 million of increases in other income were primarily attributable to gains resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income Tax (Provision) Benefit
The income tax (provision) benefit was $(28.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $37.0 million
for the year ended December 31, 2008, a change of $65.7 million. As discussed in note 9 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the companys income tax (provision) benefit primarily
relates to the earnings generated by APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is subject to federal, state and local taxes. APO Corp. had income (loss) before taxes of $66.3 million and $(71.2) million for the years
ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, after adjusting for permanent tax differences. The $137.5 million change in income (loss) before taxes resulted in increased federal income taxes of $48.1 million utilizing a 35% tax rate and $8.3
million for state and local taxes utilizing a combined 6% rate. The remaining $9.3 million change in the income tax (provision) benefit in 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily affected by increases in the NYC UBT as well as taxes on foreign
Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | (452,408 | ) | $ | 1,191,034 | |||
Former employees (2) |
(7,818 | ) | (15,251 | ) | ||||
Other |
| 333 | ||||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | (460,226 | ) | $ | 1,176,116 | |||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net (income) loss of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interests ownership percentage in AAA, which was approximately 97%. |
(2) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. |
141
Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (95,390 | ) | $ | (2,890,173 | ) | ||
Net (income) loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | |||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(555,616 | ) | (1,714,057 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) (1) |
28,714 | (36,995 | ) | |||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax (provision) benefit (2) |
(11,638 | ) | 2,317 | |||||
Net loss (income) in non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
9,336 | (3,937 | ) | |||||
Total adjustments |
26,412 | (38,615 | ) | |||||
Net loss after adjustments |
(529,204 | ) | (1,752,672 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.50 | % | 71.15 | % | ||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (3) |
(378,381 | ) | (1,247,026 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
AMH special allocation (4) |
(22,059 | ) | | |||||
Losses in excess of basis (5) |
| 445,227 | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (400,440 | ) | $ | (801,799 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state, and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interest as the income (loss) allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to its operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non-U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income (loss) attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage of approximately 71.15% during 2008 and prior to the share repurchase during February 2009, and approximately 71.50% thereafter to the consolidated net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before a corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. |
(4) | These amounts represent special allocation of income to APO Corp. and reduction of income allocated to Holdings due to the amendment to the AMH partnership agreement as discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
(5) | Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interests exceeded their basis, the company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interests account and reflects the losses in the excess of basis in the net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | $ | (5,010 | ) | (3.3 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
384,247 | 192,934 | 191,313 | 99.2 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(796,133 | ) | 294,725 | (1,090,858 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | (266,705 | ) | $ | 637,850 | $ | (904,555 | ) | NM | |||||
Our revenues and other income include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels, and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
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Total revenues were $(266.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $637.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $904.6 million. This change was primarily attributable to decreased carried interest income from affiliates due to the decline in the fair value of our private equity fund portfolio investments, partially offset by increased management fees driven by an increase in the net asset value of existing capital markets funds, as well as increased management fees earned from affiliates as a result of new funds with sizable capital commitments that commenced operations during the period.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, were $145.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $150.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $5.0 million or 3.3%. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, a decrease of $59.6 million was attributable to Management Fee Offsets included in advisory and transaction fees that were previously eliminated in consolidation, which was offset by an increase in transaction and advisory activity during the year ended December 31, 2008. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments increased by $30.4 million and $24.2 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees were $304.8 million and $115.0 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees were $105.8 million and $39.7 million, respectively. The net transaction and net advisory fees were further offset by $9.5 million in broken deal costs that the company was obligated to repay during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, primarily relating to Fund VII. During the year ended December 31, 2007 and after excluding the effects of the $59.6 million of Management Fee Offsets that were previously eliminated in consolidation, gross and net transaction fees were $161.0 million and $64.6 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees were $46.7 million and $13.0 million, respectively. The net transaction and net advisory fees were increased by $13.0 million in broken deal costs related to Fund VI for which the company was reimbursed.
Management fees from affiliates were $384.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $192.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $191.3 million or 99.2%. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, approximately $56.5 million of this increase was attributable to the management fees earned from the Apollo funds that were previously eliminated in consolidation. Excluding the impact of the above, management fees for private equity and capital markets segments increased by $95.3 million and $39.5 million, respectively. The $95.3 million increase in management fees earned from our private equity funds was primarily attributable to the commencement of Fund VII during the third quarter of 2007, which had committed capital of approximately $14.7 billion at December 31, 2008 and earned management fees of $177.9 million. The management fee increase was partially offset by a decrease within our existing private equity funds totaling $82.6 million which was primarily due to the reduction of management fees earned from Fund VI as its management fee calculation formula changed in 2008 after the investment period ended and its step-down date commenced. The $39.5 million increase in management fees earned from our capital markets funds was primarily driven by an increase in total net assets managed as a result of our new funds, EPF and ACLF which commenced operations during the third and fourth quarter of 2007, respectively, and COF I, COF II and AIE II which commenced operations during the second quarter of 2008.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates was $(796.1) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $294.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $(1,090.9) million. Carried interest (loss) income is related to investment gains and losses of unconsolidated funds. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, a change of approximately $442.4 million was attributable to the carried interest income that was previously eliminated in the consolidation of the Apollo funds. Furthermore, unrealized carried interest income from private equity funds decreased by $1,594.0 million primarily due to the decline in fair value of investments held by Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI. Realized carried interest income from private equity funds increased by $92.5 million which was primarily driven by realized gains from the disposition of private equity investments, primarily in Fund V, partially offset by a decrease in realized gains on
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Fund IV and Fund VI. Unrealized carried interest income from capital markets funds decreased by $10.5 million, which was primarily due to a decline in the fair value of portfolio investments held by certain capital markets funds. Realized carried interest income from capital markets funds decreased by $21.3 million, which was primarily driven by a decrease in realized gains in certain capital markets funds.
Expenses
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 843,600 | $ | 1,450,330 | $ | (606,730 | ) | (41.8 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
62,622 | 105,968 | (43,346 | ) | (40.9 | ) | |||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| 240,000 | (240,000 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
76,450 | 81,824 | (5,374 | ) | (6.6 | ) | |||||||
Litigation settlement |
200,000 | | 200,000 | NM | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
71,789 | 36,618 | 35,171 | 96.0 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
51,379 | 27,253 | 24,126 | 88.5 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
20,830 | 12,865 | 7,965 | 61.9 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
22,099 | 7,869 | 14,230 | 180.8 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 1,348,769 | $ | 1,962,727 | $ | (613,958 | ) | (31.3 | )% | ||||
Total expenses were $1,348.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1,962.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $614.0 million or 31.3%. This change was primarily attributable to decreased compensation and benefits expense due to lower profit sharing expense, combined with lower interest expense since the BCF that was recognized during 2007. These decreases were partially offset by the litigation settlement expense incurred during 2008 associated with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Compensation and benefits were $843.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1,450.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $606.7 million or 41.8%. The $843.6 million of compensation and benefits expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 was comprised of $1,125.2 million of non-cash compensation expense combined with $201.1 million for salary, bonus and benefit expenses, partially offset by a $482.7 million reversal of previously recognized profit sharing expense resulting from a decrease in carried interest income earned due to a decline in the fair value of several of our private equity portfolio investments. The $1,450.3 million of compensation and benefits expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 was comprised of $989.8 million of non-cash compensation expense, $307.7 million of profit sharing expense and $152.8 million for salary, bonus and benefit expenses. Amortization on Apollo Operating Group units is the largest component of non-cash compensation expense, which was $1,034.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $980.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $54.2 million or 5.5%. Non-cash compensation expense related to RSUs was $75.4 million and $5.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $70.1 million since RSUs were granted for the first time during the fourth quarter of 2007. In addition, non-cash compensation related to AAA RDUs was $14.9 million and $3.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $11.0 million. The $48.3 million increase in salary, bonus and benefit expenses was primarily driven by the hiring of additional employees to support the expansion of our investment platform during 2008.
Interest expense was $62.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $106.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $43.3 million or 40.9%. This decrease was primarily attributable to interest expense incurred during 2007 on the convertible notes and a related write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs as discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements
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included elsewhere in this prospectus. The convertible notes were issued on July 13, 2007 and yielded 7% per annum with a 15-year term and a principal amount of $1.2 billion. The notes included provisions calling for either an optional or mandatory conversion of the loan to 60,000,001 non-voting Class A shares at a conversion price of $20 per share. The mandatory conversion occurred at the time of the Private Placement, which was completed on August 8, 2007 at $24 per share. There was $44.3 million of unamortized debt issuance costs that were associated with the convertible debt, which were written off on the conversion date and included as a component of interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2007, as well as $6.1 million of interest expense that was incurred on the convertible notes prior to their mandatory conversion in 2007. These decreases were partially offset by $7.1 million of interest expense that was incurred during the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to the AMH credit facility that was entered into during April 2007.
As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, interest expense of $240.0 million was incurred during 2007 as a result of the accelerated amortization of the BCF when the notes subject to contingent conversion issued to the Strategic Investors on July 13, 2007 were mandatorily converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares on August 8, 2007. The intrinsic value of the BCF was based on the difference between the conversion price of $20 per share and $24 fair value per share.
Professional fees were $76.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $81.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $5.4 million or 6.6%. This change was primarily attributable to lower broken deal costs of $10.8 million due to reimbursement from Fund VII, partially offset by a $5.4 million increase in external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees that were incurred in connection with the expansion of our investment platform during 2008.
As discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with our December 2008 agreement with Huntsman to settle certain actions related to Hexions now-terminated merger agreement with Huntsman.
General, administrative and other expenses were $71.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $36.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $35.2 million or 96.0%. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred as a result of expanding our global platform and increased headcount during 2008.
Placement fees were $51.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $27.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $24.1 million or 88.5%. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of committed capital for new or existing funds. The fees are normally payable to placement agents, who are independent third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering and marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to increased fundraising for our funds.
Occupancy expense was $20.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $12.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $8.0 million or 61.9%. This change was primarily attributable to additional office space leased during 2008 to support the expansion of our investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on our existing leased space.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $22.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $7.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $14.2 million or 180.8%. This change was primarily attributable to increased amortization expense of $9.3 million incurred during 2008 relating to the intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the contributing partners interest during the third quarter of 2007. The remaining increase of $4.9 million was primarily attributable to depreciation expense associated with new assets placed in service during 2008.
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Other (Loss) Income
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
$ | (1,269,100 | ) | $ | 2,279,263 | $ | (3,548,363 | ) |
NM
|
|
|||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| 238,609 | (238,609 | ) | (100.0 | )% | |||||||||
Interest income |
19,368 | 52,500 | (33,132 | ) | (63.1 | ) | |||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(57,353 | ) | 1,722 | (59,075 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Other loss, net |
(4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | (4,573 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (1,311,694 | ) | $ | 2,572,058 | $ | (3,883,752 | ) | NM | ||||||
Total other (loss) income was $(1,311.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $2,572.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $3,883.8 million. This change was primarily attributable to increased net losses from investment activities driven by a decline in the fair values of fund portfolio investments, combined with lower realized gains due to the deconsolidation of certain Apollo funds during 2007.
Net (losses) gains from investment activities were $(1,269.1) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $2,279.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $3,548.4 million. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financials statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, a decrease of $2,041.2 million was attributable to the realized gains of these funds during the year ended December 31, 2007. The remaining change was primarily attributable to an increase in net unrealized losses of $1,468.8 million related to the decline in the fair values of AAA Investments portfolio investments to a net unrealized loss of $1,230.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, as compared with net unrealized gains of $238.1 million during 2007. In addition, $38.4 million of unrealized losses for the year ended December 31, 2008 were attributable to a new capital markets fund, Artus.
Dividend income was $238.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. This income was attributable to dividends from portfolio company investments earned by the Apollo funds during 2007 that were previously consolidated as discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Interest income was $19.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $52.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $33.1 million or 63.1%. This change was due to interest income of $33.1 million that was generated by the Apollo funds that were previously consolidated as discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
(Loss) income from equity method investments was $(57.4) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $59.1 million. Private equity losses from equity method investments increased by $23.0 million, which was primarily driven by losses incurred from investments in new equity method investments. Capital markets losses from equity method investments increased by $36.1 million primarily driven by losses from investments in our new capital markets funds, ACLF, COF I, COF II, Artus and EPF totaling $33.3 million.
Other loss was $(4.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to $13.6 million of net losses from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries partially offset by expense reimbursements totaling $8.5 million during 2008.
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Income Tax Benefit (Provision)
The income tax benefit (provision) was $37.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $(6.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $43.7 million. As a result of the Reorganization of Apollo during the third quarter of 2007, two intermediate holding companies were created, APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC. In addition, a third intermediate holding company, APO (FC), LLC was established during 2008. As discussed in note 9 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the earnings allocated to APO Corp. are taxed at a combined 41% marginal rate which includes federal, state, local and foreign taxes. Prior to the Reorganization, Apollo was only subject to NYC UBT and taxes on foreign subsidiaries. The net loss reported by APO Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2008 has resulted in an incremental federal and state deferred corporate tax benefit of $36.0 million, combined with lower current and deferred NYC UBT and foreign tax expense of $7.7 million.
Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | 1,191,034 | $ | (226,569 | ) | |||
Private equity and capital markets funds consolidated prior to Reorganization (2) |
| (1,857,615 | ) | |||||
Former employees (3) |
(15,251 | ) | (6,081 | ) | ||||
Other |
333 | 1,610 | ||||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | 1,176,116 | $ | (2,088,655 | ) | |||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss (income) of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interests ownership percentage in AAA. The Non-Controlling Interests percentage is approximately 97% of AAA. |
(2) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income of our private equity and capital markets funds prior to deconsolidation and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interests ownership percentage in the underlying funds after elimination of carried interest income. |
(3) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. In 2007, the amount also reflects interests held by contributing partners. |
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Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (2,890,173 | ) | $ | 1,240,455 | |||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | |||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(1,714,057 | ) | (848,200 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax (benefit) provision (1) |
(36,995 | ) | 6,726 | |||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax benefit (provision) (2) |
2,317 | (4,854 | ) | |||||
Net loss before private placement (3) |
| 455,419 | ||||||
Net income of non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
(3,937 | ) | | |||||
Total adjustments |
(38,615 | ) | 457,291 | |||||
Net loss after adjustments (4) |
(1,752,672 | ) | (390,909 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.15% | 71.75% / 71.15% | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (5) |
(1,247,026 | ) | (278,549 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
Losses in excess of basis (6) |
445,227 | | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (801,799 | ) | $ | (278,549 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state, and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interest as the income allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to their operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | Reflects Net Loss for period prior to the Private Placement (January 1, 2007 - August 8, 2007). This amount was excluded to reflect the losses that were incurred and attributable to the Apollo Operating Group for the period during 2007 after the Private Placement. |
(4) | Of the $(390,909) Net Loss incurred during the period from August 8, 2007 to December 31, 2007, $(69,499) was attributable to the period from August 8, 2007 to August 30, 2007 and $(321,410) was attributable to the period from September 1, 2007 to December 31, 2007. |
(5) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage of approximately 71.75% for the period from August 8, 2007 to August 30, 2007 and approximately 71.15% thereafter to the consolidated net loss of the Apollo Operating Group before corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. |
(6) | Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interests exceeded their basis, the company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interests account and reflected the losses in the excess of basis in the net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
Discussed below are our results of operations for each of our reportable segments. They represent the segment information available and utilized by our executive management, which consists of our managing partners, who operate collectively as our chief operating decision maker, to assess performance and to allocate resources. Management divides its operations into three reportable segments: private equity, capital markets and real estate. These segments were established based on the nature of investment activities in each fund, including the specific type of investment made, the frequency of trading, and the level of control over the investment. Segment results do not consider consolidation of funds, non-cash equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests.
In addition to providing the financial results of our three reportable business segments, we further evaluate our individual reportable segments based on what we refer to as our management and incentive businesses. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fee revenues, carried
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interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds and expenses, each of which we believe are more stable in nature. The financial performance of our incentive business, which is partially dependent upon quarterly mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to fair value measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expenses that are associated with our general partner interests in the Apollo funds, which are generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
Our financial results vary, since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.
Private Equity
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | | $ | 24,324 | $ | 6,349 | $ | | $ | 6,349 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | | 65,101 | 63,155 | | 63,155 | ||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (83,700 | ) | (83,700 | ) | | 20,713 | 20,713 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 44,071 | 44,071 | | 6,928 | 6,928 | ||||||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
| (39,629 | ) | (39,629 | ) | | 27,641 | 27,641 | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
89,425 | (39,629 | ) | 49,796 | 69,504 | 27,641 | 97,145 | |||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
30,303 | (19,053 | ) | 11,250 | 33,337 | 12,043 | 45,380 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense |
5,157 | | 5,157 | 7,293 | | 7,293 | ||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
4,067 | | 4,067 | 4,886 | | 4,886 | ||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (3) |
9,812 | | 9,812 | 6,618 | | 6,618 | ||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
151 | | 151 | 37 | | 37 | ||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
2,838 | | 2,838 | 4,335 | | 4,335 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,928 | | 3,928 | 4,155 | | 4,155 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
56,256 | (19,053 | ) | 37,203 | 60,661 | 12,043 | 72,704 | |||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (4) |
| | | | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 20,548 | | 20,548 | ||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 1,521 | 1,521 | | 18,297 | 18,297 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
167 | | 167 | 128 | | 128 | ||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
27,872 | | 27,872 | 17,957 | | 17,957 | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
28,039 | 1,521 | 29,560 | 38,633 | 18,301 | 56,934 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 61,208 | $ | (19,055 | ) | $ | 42,153 | $ | 47,476 | $ | 33,899 | $ | 81,375 | |||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
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Revenues
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | 6,349 | $ | 17,975 | 283.1 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | 63,155 | 1,946 | 3.1 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(83,700 | ) | 20,713 | (104,413 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
44,071 | 6,928 | 37,143 | NM | ||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(39,629 | ) | 27,641 | (67,270 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 49,796 | $ | 97,145 | $ | (47,349 | ) | (48.7 | )% | |||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $18.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by Fund VII, Fund VI and AAA totaling $10.5 million, $4.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively. Gross advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, were $66.5 million and $21.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $45.4 million or 215.2%. Transaction fees earned during the three months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $44.1 million and $15.5 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by advisory and monitoring arrangements relating to several portfolio investments including LeverageSource, Harrahs Entertainment and Realogy, which together generated $14.2 million and $5.3 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $12.6 million and $4.6 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $42.2 million and $14.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $27.4 million or 185.1%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $1.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased management fees earned from Fund VI of $1.4 million as a result of increased invested capital during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates changed by $(67.3) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a significant decline in the fair value of the underlying portfolio investments held due to unfavorable market conditions during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, resulting in a decrease of $104.4 million in net unrealized gains primarily by Fund V and Fund VII. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in net realized gains of $37.1 million resulting from dispositions of portfolio investments held, primarily by Fund VII, during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
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Expenses
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 11,250 | $ | 45,380 | $ | (34,130 | ) | (75.2 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
5,157 | 7,293 | (2,136 | ) | (29.3 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
4,067 | 4,886 | (819 | ) | (16.8 | ) | |||||||
General, administrative and other |
9,812 | 6,618 | 3,194 | 48.3 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
151 | 37 | 114 | 308.1 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
2,838 | 4,335 | (1,497 | ) | (34.5 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,928 | 4,155 | (227 | ) | (5.5 | ) | |||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 37,203 | $ | 72,704 | $ | (35,501 | ) | (48.8 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $34.1 million for three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to a $31.1 million decrease in profit sharing expense which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity funds along with a decrease in salary, bonus and benefits expense of $3.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $2.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Professional fees decreased by $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared with the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expenses increased by $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred associated with the expansion of our global investment platform during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Occupancy expense decreased by $1.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended
June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the
Other Income
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | | $ | 4 | $ | (4 | ) | (100.0 | )% | ||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 20,548 | (20,548 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Income from equity method investments |
1,521 | 18,297 | (16,776 | ) | (91.7 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
167 | 128 | 39 | 30.5 | |||||||||
Other income, net |
27,872 | 17,957 | 9,915 | 55.2 | |||||||||
Total Other Income |
$ | 29,560 | $ | 56,934 | $ | (27,374 | ) | (48.1 | )% | ||||
151
Gain from repurchase of debt was $20.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $20.5 million was allocated to the private equity segment.
Income from equity method investments changed by $(16.8) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was driven by changes in the fair values of our private equity investments held, primarily relating to Apollos ownership interest in AAA units, Fund VII and Vantium C, which generated decreased equity method investment income of $8.4 million, $7.7 million and $4.2 million, respectively, during the period. These decreases were partially offset by the investment in Vantium A which generated investment income of $3.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other income, net increased by $9.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an additional $12.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the three months ended June 30, 2010, totaling $27.5 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement during 2008, as compared to $15.0 million received during the three months ended June 30, 2009. This increase was offset by $2.6 million of losses primarily attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
152
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | | $ | 32,099 | $ | 13,754 | $ | | $ | 13,754 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | | 129,450 | 127,328 | | 127,328 | ||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (26,187 | ) | (26,187 | ) | | 34,629 | 34,629 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 56,503 | 56,503 | | 32,837 | 32,837 | ||||||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
| 30,316 | 30,316 | | 67,466 | 67,466 | ||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
161,549 | 30,316 | 191,865 | 141,082 | 67,466 | 208,548 | ||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
63,495 | 21,015 | 84,510 | 63,765 | 27,638 | 91,403 | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
11,027 | | 11,027 | 14,770 | | 14,770 | ||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
11,739 | | 11,739 | 8,160 | | 8,160 | ||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (3) |
17,626 | | 17,626 | 12,245 | | 12,245 | ||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
1,031 | | 1,031 | 2,098 | | 2,098 | ||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,570 | | 5,570 | 7,472 | | 7,472 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,899 | | 7,899 | 8,283 | | 8,283 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
118,387 | 21,015 | 139,402 | 116,793 | 27,638 | 144,431 | ||||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (4) |
| | | | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 20,548 | | 20,548 | ||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 9,087 | 9,087 | | 10,500 | 10,500 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
275 | | 275 | 272 | | 272 | ||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
26,901 | | 26,901 | 34,821 | | 34,821 | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
27,176 | 9,087 | 36,263 | 55,641 | 10,504 | 66,145 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 70,338 | $ | 18,388 | $ | 88,726 | $ | 79,930 | $ | 50,332 | $ | 130,262 | ||||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
153
Revenues
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | 13,754 | $ | 18,345 | 133.4 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | 127,328 | 2,122 | 1.7 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(26,187 | ) | 34,629 | (60,816 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
56,503 | 32,837 | 23,666 | 72.1 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
30,316 | 67,466 | (37,150 | ) | (55.1 | ) | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 191,865 | $ | 208,548 | $ | (16,683 | ) | (8.0 | )% | |||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $18.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by Fund VII, Fund VI and AAA totaling $10.7 million, $3.9 million and $2.8 million, respectively. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $88.8 million and $42.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $46.5 million, or 109.9%. Transaction fees earned during the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $44.1 million and $15.5 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by advisory and monitoring arrangements relating to several portfolio investments including LeverageSource, Harrahs Entertainment and Realogy, which together generated $28.3 million and $10.6 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $26.4 million and $10.0 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $56.7 million and $28.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $27.9 million or 96.9%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased management fees earned from AAA of $2.3 million as a result of increased adjusted assets managed during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest income from affiliates changed by $(37.2) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a significant decline in the fair value of the underlying portfolio investments held primarily by Fund V and Fund VII due to unfavorable market conditions during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, resulting in a decrease of $60.8 million in net unrealized gains. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in net realized gains of $23.7 million, primarily resulting from dispositions of portfolio investments held by Fund V and Fund VII, totaling $44.4 million, partially offset by the reversal of previously recognized gains of $20.7 million in Fund VI due to the general partner obligation to return previously distributed carried interest income during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
154
Expenses
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 84,510 | $ | 91,403 | $ | (6,893 | ) | (7.5 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
11,027 | 14,770 | (3,743 | ) | (25.3 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
11,739 | 8,160 | 3,579 | 43.9 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
17,626 | 12,245 | 5,381 | 43.9 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
1,031 | 2,098 | (1,067 | ) | (50.9 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
5,570 | 7,472 | (1,902 | ) | (25.5 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,899 | 8,283 | (384 | ) | (4.6 | ) | |||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 139,402 | $ | 144,431 | $ | (5,029 | ) | (3.5 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $6.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in profit sharing expense of $6.6 million driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity funds along with a decrease in salary, bonus and benefits of $0.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expense increased by $5.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred associated with the expansion of our global investment platform during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees decreased by $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising efforts for our private equity funds resulting in lower placement fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, primarily related to Fund VII.
Occupancy expense decreased by $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
155
Other Income
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | | $ | 4 | $ | (4 | ) | (100.0 | )% | ||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 20,548 | (20,548 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Income from equity method investments |
9,087 | 10,500 | (1,413 | ) | (13.5 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
275 | 272 | 3 | 1.1 | |||||||||
Other income, net |
26,901 | 34,821 | (7,920 | ) | (22.7 | ) | |||||||
Total Other Income |
$ | 36,263 | $ | 66,145 | $ | (29,882 | ) | (45.2 | )% | ||||
Gain from repurchase of debt was $20.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $20.5 million was allocated to the private equity segment.
Income from equity method investments changed by $(1.4) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was driven by changes in the fair values of our private equity investments held during the period, primarily relating to Fund VII which generated decreased equity method investment income of $5.2 million, partially offset by increased investment income generated by Vantium A of $4.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other income, net decreased by $7.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to $3.0 million of losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. The remaining decrease of $4.9 million was primarily attributable to an additional $2.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the six months ended June 30, 2009, totaling $30.0 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement during 2008, as compared to $27.5 million received during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
156
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | | $ | 48,642 | $ | 120,813 | $ | | $ | 120,813 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | | 260,478 | 244,468 | | 244,468 | |||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
| 262,890 | 262,890 | | (1,206,060 | ) | (1,206,060 | ) | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 47,981 | 47,981 | | 361,481 | 361,481 | |||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
309,120 | 310,871 | 619,991 | 365,281 | (844,579 | ) | (479,298 | ) | |||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
127,751 | 124,048 | 251,799 | 118,889 | (482,682 | ) | (363,793 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest expense |
28,808 | | 28,808 | 34,190 | | 34,190 | |||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
19,228 | | 19,228 | 45,430 | | 45,430 | |||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| | | 200,000 | | 200,000 | |||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (3) |
27,745 | | 27,745 | 42,713 | | 42,713 | |||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
2,644 | | 2,644 | 28,236 | | 28,236 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
14,683 | | 14,683 | 9,601 | | 9,601 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,420 | | 16,420 | 16,663 | | 16,663 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
237,279 | 124,048 | 361,327 | 495,722 | (482,682 | ) | 13,040 | ||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) : |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (4) |
| 584 | 584 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
20,548 | | 20,548 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Interest income |
603 | | 603 | 11,967 | | 11,967 | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
| 54,639 | 54,639 | | (67,052 | ) | (67,052 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
37,550 | | 37,550 | (6,886 | ) | | (6,886 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
58,701 | 55,223 | 113,924 | 5,081 | (67,052 | ) | (61,971 | ) | |||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 130,542 | $ | 242,046 | $ | 372,588 | $ | (125,360 | ) | $ | (428,949 | ) | $ | (554,309 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | 120,813 | $ | (72,171 | ) | (59.7 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | 244,468 | 16,010 | 6.5 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
262,890 | (1,206,060 | ) | 1,468,950 | NM | |||||||||
Realized gains |
47,981 | 361,481 | (313,500 | ) | (86.7 | ) | ||||||||
Total carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
310,871 | (844,579 | ) | 1,155,450 | NM | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 619,991 | $ | (479,298 | ) | $ | 1,099,289 | NM | ||||||
157
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs decreased by $72.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $148.1 million and $329.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $181.8 million or 55.1%. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets, totaling $93.8 million and $199.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $105.8 million or 53.0%. During the year ended December 31, 2009, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $62.4 million and $21.0 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2009 related to five portfolio investment transactions, including Infineon Technologies AG and Charter Communications Inc., which together generated $51.0 million of the private equity segments $62.4 million gross transaction fees and $16.3 million of the $21.0 million net transaction fees. Advisory fees during 2009 were primarily generated by advisory arrangements with the portfolio companies investments in our private equity funds, including Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy, Berry Plastics Group, Momentive Performance Materials, Claires Stores and CEVA Logistics. In addition, broken deal costs associated with these advisory and transaction fees decreased by $3.8 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $241.9 million and $95.8 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2008 primarily related to six portfolio investment transactions, including Harrahs Entertainment, LeverageSource and Norwegian Cruise Lines, which together generated $206.3 million of the private equity segments gross transaction fees and $81.4 million of net transaction fees.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $16.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to increased management fees earned from Fund VI totaling $21.6 million as a result of increased invested capital of this fund during the period, partially offset by decreases on our other private equity funds of $5.6 million driven by a decrease in net assets managed during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates changed by $1,155.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to modest improvements in the fair value of the underlying portfolio investments held by Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI and Fund VII during the year ended December 31, 2009 resulting in an increase of $1,469.0 million in net unrealized gains as compared to significant decreases in the fair values during the year ended December 31, 2008, which led to large reversals of unrealized carried interest income. This increase was offset by decreases in net realized gains of $313.5 million primarily resulting from dispositions of portfolio investments by Fund V during 2008, partially offset by 2009 tax distributions related to interest income earned from portfolio investments held by Fund VI and Fund VII, which are not subject to the general partners potential obligation to return previously distributed carried interest income.
Expenses
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 251,799 | $ | (363,793 | ) | $ | 615,592 | NM | ||||||
Interest expense |
28,808 | 34,190 | (5,382 | ) | (15.7 | )% | ||||||||
Professional fees |
19,228 | 45,430 | (26,202 | ) | (57.7 | ) | ||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| 200,000 | (200,000 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
General, administrative and other |
27,745 | 42,713 | (14,968 | ) | (35.0 | ) | ||||||||
Placement fees |
2,644 | 28,236 | (25,592 | ) | (90.6 | ) | ||||||||
Occupancy |
14,683 | 9,601 | 5,082 | 52.9 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,420 | 16,663 | (243 | ) | (1.5 | ) | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 361,327 | $ | 13,040 | $ | 348,287 | NM | |||||||
158
Compensation and benefits increased by $615.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a $606.7 million increase in profit sharing expense, which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity funds, along with an increase in salary, bonus and benefits expense of $8.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Interest expense decreased by $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009 combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Professional fees decreased by $26.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
A litigation settlement expense of $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Included in other income (loss) are the insurance reimbursements of $37.5 million received in 2009 related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement.
General, administrative and other expense decreased by $15.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreases in various expenses such as travel, information technology and other general expenses incurred as a result of our cost management initiatives across the company during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Placement fees decreased by $25.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising resulting in lower placement fees incurred for our private equity funds during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, primarily related to Fund VII.
Occupancy expense increased by $5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to losses incurred on two subleases totaling $1.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. The remaining increase was attributable to additional office space leased during 2009 as a result of the increase in our headcount to support the expansion of our global investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space.
Other Income (Loss)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 584 | $ | | $ | 584 | NM | |||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
20,548 | | 20,548 | NM | ||||||||||
Interest income |
603 | 11,967 | (11,364 | ) | (95.0 | )% | ||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
54,639 | (67,052 | ) | 121,691 |
NM
|
|
||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
37,550 | (6,886 | ) | 44,436 | NM | |||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
$ | 113,924 | $ | (61,971 | ) | $ | 175,895 | NM | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt was $20.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. This was attributable to the purchase of debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase resulted in the recognition of a gain as the purchase price was below the carrying value of the debt.
159
Interest income decreased by $11.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower average cash balances combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $121.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was driven by changes in the fair values of our private equity investments held, primarily relating to Apollo Global Management, LLCs ownership interest in AAA units and Fund VII by $61.6 million and $46.3 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period during 2008.
Other income (loss), net increased by $44.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a $37.5 million insurance reimbursement received during 2009 relating to the $200.0 million litigation settlement incurred during 2008. In addition, $6.9 million of increases in other income was primarily attributable to gains resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
160
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2008 | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | | $ | 120,813 | $ | 90,408 | $ | | $ | 90,408 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | | 244,468 | 149,180 | | 149,180 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (1,206,060 | ) | (1,206,060 | ) | | 387,906 | 387,906 | |||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 361,481 | 361,481 | | 268,995 | 268,995 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
365,281 | (844,579 | ) | (479,298 | ) | 239,588 | 656,901 | 896,489 | |||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
118,889 | (482,682 | ) | (363,793 | ) | 70,226 | 307,739 | 377,965 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
34,190 | | 34,190 | 56,647 | | 56,647 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | 126,720 | | 126,720 | |||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
45,430 | | 45,430 | 59,119 | | 59,119 | |||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement |
200,000 | | 200,000 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (3) |
42,713 | | 42,713 | 22,695 | | 22,695 | |||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
28,236 | | 28,236 | 22,753 | | 22,753 | |||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
9,601 | | 9,601 | 8,551 | | 8,551 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,663 | | 16,663 | 5,467 | | 5,467 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
495,722 | (482,682 | ) | 13,040 | 372,178 | 307,739 | 679,917 | ||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (4) |
| | | (73 | ) | | (73 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | | 551 | | 551 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
11,967 | | 11,967 | 16,394 | | 16,394 | |||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
| (67,052 | ) | (67,052 | ) | | 10,664 | 10,664 | |||||||||||||||
Other loss, net |
(6,886 | ) | | (6,886 | ) | (36 | ) | | (36 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
5,081 | (67,052 | ) | (61,971 | ) | 16,836 | 10,664 | 27,500 | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (125,360 | ) | $ | (428,949 | ) | $ | (554,309 | ) | $ | (115,754 | ) | $ | 359,826 | $ | 244,072 | |||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
161
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | 90,408 | $ | 30,405 | 33.6 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | 149,180 | 95,288 | 63.9 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(1,206,060 | ) | 387,906 | (1,593,966 | ) |
NM
|
|
|||||||
Realized gains |
361,481 | 268,995 | 92,486 | 34.4 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(844,579 | ) | 656,901 | (1,501,480 | ) |
NM
|
|
|||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | (479,298 | ) | $ | 896,489 | $ | (1,375,787 | ) | NM | |||||
Total revenues for the private equity segment were $(479.3) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $896.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $1,375.8 million. This change was primarily attributable to lower carried interest income earned from affiliates due to the decline in the fair value of our fund portfolio investments, partially offset by increased management fees earned from affiliates as a result of the commencement of Fund VII combined with increased advisory and transaction fees earned from affiliates due to the funding of large private equity acquisitions during 2008.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, were $120.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $90.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $30.4 million or 33.6%. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $329.9 million and $207.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $122.4 million, or 59.0%. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $199.6 million and $130.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $69.5 million, or 53.4%. In addition, broken deal costs associated with these advisory and transaction fees that the company is obligated to repay increased by $22.5 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $241.9 million and $95.8 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2008 related to six portfolio investment transactions, including Harrahs Entertainment, LeverageSource and Norwegian Cruise Lines, which together generated $206.3 million of the private equity segments gross transaction fees and $81.4 million of transaction fees.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $161.0 million and $64.6 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2007 related to eleven portfolio investment transactions, including Realogy, CEVA Logistics, Claires Stores, Noranda Aluminum and Jacuzzi Brands, which together generated $129.5 million of the private equity segments gross transaction fees and $52.5 million of net transaction fees.
Management fees from affiliates were $244.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $149.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $95.3 million or 63.9%. This change was primarily attributable to management fees earned from Fund VII totaling $177.9 million, which commenced operations during late 2007 and had committed capital of $14.7 billion as of December 31, 2008. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in management fees earned of $82.6 million within our existing private equity funds, which was primarily due to the reduction in management fees earned from Fund VI as its management fee calculation formula changed in 2008 after the investment period ended and its step down date commenced.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates was $(844.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $656.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $1,501.5 million. This change
162
was primarily attributable to a decrease of $1,594.0 million in unrealized gains from our fund portfolio investments to unrealized losses of $1,206.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to gains of $387.9 million for the same period in 2007, primarily driven by an increase in unrealized losses and the reversal of unrealized gains of our underlying portfolio investments held by Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI and AAA Investments. The remaining change was attributable to an increase in realized gains of $92.5 million from portfolio investments to a realized gain of $361.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to a realized gain of $269.0 million for the same period in 2007, primarily due to realized gains from the disposition of private equity investments, primarily in Fund V, partially offset by a decrease in realized gains on Fund IV and Fund VI.
Expenses
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | (363,793 | ) | $ | 377,965 | $ | (741,758 | ) |
NM
|
|
||||
Interest expense |
34,190 | 56,647 | (22,457 | ) | (39.6 | )% | ||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| 126,720 | (126,720 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
Professional fees |
45,430 | 59,119 | (13,689 | ) | (23.2 | ) | ||||||||
Litigation settlement |
200,000 | | 200,000 | NM | ||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
42,713 | 22,695 | 20,018 | 88.2 | ||||||||||
Placement fees |
28,236 | 22,753 | 5,483 | 24.1 | ||||||||||
Occupancy |
9,601 | 8,551 | 1,050 | 12.3 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,663 | 5,467 | 11,196 | 204.8 | ||||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 13,040 | $ | 679,917 | $ | (666,877 | ) | (98.1 | )% | |||||
Total expenses for the private equity segment were $13.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $679.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $666.9 million or 98.1%. This change was primarily attributable to lower compensation and benefits due to decreased profit sharing expense combined with lower interest expense since the BCF was recognized during 2007. These decreases were partially offset by a litigation settlement expense incurred during 2008 associated with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Compensation and benefits were $(363.8) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $378.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $741.8 million. This change was primarily attributable to a reversal in previously recognized profit sharing expense of $790.4 million from $307.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 to $(482.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The reversal was impacted by the decrease in carried interest income earned from affiliates, which resulted from the decline in fair value of our private equity portfolio investments during 2008 as compared to 2007. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in compensation and benefits of $48.6 million as a result of the growth in our overall headcount during 2008 to support the expansion of our investment platform along with an $8.9 million increase in non-cash waivers.
Interest expense was $34.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $56.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $22.4 million or 39.6%. This decrease was primarily attributable to interest expense incurred during 2007 on the convertible notes and a related write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, which totaled $26.8 million and is discussed further in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This decrease was partially offset by additional interest incurred during 2008 of $4.3 million, primarily attributable to the AMH credit facility that was entered into during April 2007.
163
Interest expense of $126.7 million was incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007 as a result of the recognition of the BCF when the convertible notes issued to the Strategic Investors on July 13, 2007, were mandatorily converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares on August 8, 2007. The allocation of this interest expense to this segment was based on the fair value of the entities in this segment on July 13, 2007.
Professional fees were $45.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared with $59.1 million, for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $13.7 million or 23.2%. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in broken deal costs of $10.8 million due to reimbursement from Fund VII, combined with lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during 2008.
As discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, a litigation settlement expense of $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement.
General, administrative and other expense were $42.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $22.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $20.0 million or 88.2%. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred during 2008 associated with the commencement of Fund VII and the expansion of our platform and increased headcount.
Placement fees incurred were $28.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $22.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $5.5 million or 24.1%. This change was driven by higher commitments during 2008, primarily related to Fund VII.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $16.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $5.5 million for the year
ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $11.2 million or 204.8%. This change was primarily attributable to increased amortization expense of $9.2 million incurred relating to the intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the
contributing partners interest during the third quarter of 2007. The remaining increase of $2.0 million was primarily attributable to depreciation expense associated with new assets placed in service during the year ended December 31,
Other (Loss) Income
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | | $ | (73 | ) | $ | 73 | (100.0 | )% | ||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| 551 | (551 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||||
Interest income |
11,967 | 16,394 | (4,427 | ) | (27.0 | ) | |||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(67,052 | ) | 10,664 | (77,716 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Other loss, net |
(6,886 | ) | (36 | ) | (6,850 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (61,971 | ) | $ | 27,500 | $ | (89,471 | ) | NM | ||||||
Total other (loss) income for the private equity segment was $(62.0) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $27.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $89.5 million. This change was primarily attributable to investment losses as a result of the decline in the values of equity method investments.
Interest income was $12.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $16.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $4.4 million or 27.0%. This change was primarily attributable to
164
lower average cash balances during 2008 combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to 2007.
(Loss) income from equity method investments was $(67.1) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $77.7 million. This change was primarily attributable to a decline in the value of private equity investments held during 2008 of $54.7 million, primarily relating to Apollo Global Management, LLCs ownership interest in AAA, along with declines in value from new private equity investments in Fund VII and portfolio investments in VC Holdings, L.P., a Delaware Series limited partnership (together with its subsidiaries, Vantium), totaling $14.8 million and $6.6 million, respectively. Vantium is a co-investment with Fund VII, in which we have invested approximately $25.0 million in the aggregate through each of Vantiums Series limited partnerships. Vantium was formed in late 2007 to trade whole loans and residential mortgage-backed securities, as well as to originate and service whole loans.
Other loss, net was $6.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries totaling $13.8 million, partially offset by an expense reimbursement of $7.2 million.
165
Capital Markets
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and ENI for our capital markets segment for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 2,520 | $ | | $ | 2,520 | $ | 1,078 | $ | | $ | 1,078 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
39,443 | | 39,443 | 31,287 | | 31,287 | |||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (33,532 | ) | (33,532 | ) | | 99 | 99 | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
10,240 | 9,245 | 19,485 | 12,100 | | 12,100 | |||||||||||||||
Total carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
10,240 | (24,287 | ) | (14,047 | ) | 12,100 | 99 | 12,199 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
52,203 | (24,287 | ) | 27,916 | 44,465 | 99 | 44,564 | ||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (2) |
23,860 | (7,199 | ) | 16,661 | 18,799 | | 18,799 | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
4,068 | | 4,068 | 5,128 | | 5,128 | |||||||||||||||
Professional fees (3) |
4,575 | | 4,575 | 2,962 | | 2,962 | |||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (4) |
5,776 | | 5,776 | 4,640 | | 4,640 | |||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
529 | | 529 | 1,380 | | 1,380 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
2,251 | | 2,251 | 2,772 | | 2,772 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,040 | | 2,040 | 1,920 | | 1,920 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
43,099 | (7,199 | ) | 35,900 | 37,601 | | 37,601 | ||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (5) |
| | | | 11,219 | 11,219 | |||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 14,704 | | 14,704 | |||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
| (2,711 | ) | (2,711 | ) | | 24,141 | 24,141 | |||||||||||||
Interest income |
131 | | 131 | 157 | | 157 | |||||||||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(2,610 | ) | | (2,610 | ) | 5,040 | | 5,040 | |||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(2,479 | ) | (2,711 | ) | (5,190 | ) | 19,901 | 35,360 | 55,261 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 6,625 | $ | (19,799 | ) | $ | (13,174 | ) | $ | 26,765 | $ | 35,459 | $ | 62,224 | |||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $12.1 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.1 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(3) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
166
Revenues
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 2,520 | $ | 1,078 | $ | 1,442 | 133.8 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
39,443 | 31,287 | 8,156 | 26.1 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(33,532 | ) | 99 | (33,631 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
19,485 | 12,100 | 7,385 | 61.0 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(14,047 | ) | 12,199 | (26,246 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 27,916 | $ | 44,564 | $ | (16,648 | ) | (37.4 | )% | |||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates increased by $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by COF I, COF II and ACLF. Gross advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, were $18.9 million and $4.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $14.5 million or 329.5%. Transaction fees earned during the three months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $11.7 million and $0.2 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource, which generated $5.8 million and $1.5 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $4.2 million and $0.9 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $16.4 million and $3.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $13.1 million or 397.0%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $8.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to management fees earned from Athene Asset Management of $2.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010. In addition, increased management fees were earned from EPF of $1.9 million driven by increases in committed capital during the period, as well as increased management fees earned from AIC of $1.7 million as a result of an increase in gross adjusted assets managed during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates changed by $(26.2) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a decrease in net unrealized gains of $33.6 million driven by changes in the fair values of investments held by certain of our capital markets funds, primarily by COF I and COF II of $21.0 million and $24.4 million, respectively, which was impacted by unfavorable market conditions during 2010. This was partially offset by an increase in net unrealized gains by AIE II of $16.9 million as well as an increase in net realized gains of $7.4 million resulting from the dispositions of portfolio investments held, primarily by COF II, during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
167
Expenses
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 16,661 | $ | 18,799 | $ | (2,138 | ) | (11.4 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
4,068 | 5,128 | (1,060 | ) | (20.7 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
4,575 | 2,962 | 1,613 | 54.5 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
5,776 | 4,640 | 1,136 | 24.5 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
529 | 1,380 | (851 | ) | (61.7 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
2,251 | 2,772 | (521 | ) | (18.8 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,040 | 1,920 | 120 | 6.3 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 35,900 | $ | 37,601 | $ | (1,701 | ) | (4.5 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to a decreased profit sharing expense of $13.5 million driven by the change in carried interest income (loss) of COF I and COF II, partially offset by higher incentive-based compensation expense of $6.3 million during the period. In addition, salary, bonus and benefits expense increased by $5.1 million due to an increase in headcount during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $1.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared with the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to higher external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expense increased by $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred associated with the expansion of our global investment platform during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees decreased by $0.9 million for the three months
ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising efforts for our capital markets funds, primarily by COF I and COF II, resulting in lower placement
Other (Loss) Income
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | | $ | 11,219 | $ | (11,219 | ) | (100.0 | )% | |||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 14,704 | (14,704 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(2,711 | ) | 24,141 | (26,852 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Interest income |
131 | 157 | (26 | ) | (16.6 | ) | ||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(2,610 | ) | 5,040 | (7,650 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (5,190 | ) | $ | 55,261 | $ | (60,451 | ) | (109.4 | )% | ||||
168
Net gains from investment activities were $11.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2009. This amount was attributable to an unrealized gain related to Artus, where we, as the general partner, were allocated the negative equity of the fund. The fair value of Artus increased during the period which resulted in the reversal of the previously recognized obligation.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $14.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $14.7 million was allocated to the capital markets segment.
(Loss) income from equity method investments changed by $(26.9) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was driven by changes in the fair values of our capital markets investments held primarily by COF I, COF II, ACLF and AIE II, which together generated decreased equity method investment income of $26.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other (loss) income, net decreased by $7.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
169
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our capital markets segment for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 5,814 | $ | | $ | 5,814 | $ | 2,144 | $ | | $ | 2,144 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
77,251 | | 77,251 | 62,210 | | 62,210 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (45,811 | ) | (45,811 | ) | | 747 | 747 | |||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
22,340 | 48,200 | 70,540 | 24,785 | | 24,785 | |||||||||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
22,340 | 2,389 | 24,729 | 24,785 | 747 | 25,532 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
105,405 | 2,389 | 107,794 | 89,139 | 747 | 89,886 | |||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (2) |
46,761 | (5,806 | ) | 40,955 | 37,578 | | 37,578 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
8,705 | | 8,705 | 10,667 | | 10,667 | |||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (3) |
8,940 | | 8,940 | 4,746 | | 4,746 | |||||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (4) |
11,487 | | 11,487 | 8,938 | | 8,938 | |||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
3,510 | | 3,510 | 1,667 | | 1,667 | |||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
4,701 | | 4,701 | 5,589 | | 5,589 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
4,118 | | 4,118 | 3,750 | | 3,750 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
88,222 | (5,806 | ) | 82,416 | 72,935 | | 72,935 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (5) |
| | | | (9,739 | ) | (9,739 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 14,704 | | 14,704 | |||||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 469 | 469 | | 17,359 | 17,359 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
385 | | 385 | 419 | | 419 | |||||||||||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(5,069 | ) | | (5,069 | ) | 4,122 | | 4,122 | |||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(4,684 | ) | 469 | (4,215 | ) | 19,245 | 7,620 | 26,865 | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 12,499 | $ | 8,664 | $ | 21,163 | $ | 35,449 | $ | 8,367 | $ | 43,816 | |||||||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $24.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $4.3 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(3) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
170
Revenues
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 5,814 | $ | 2,144 | $ | 3,670 | 171.2 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
77,251 | 62,210 | 15,041 | 24.2 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(45,811 | ) | 747 | (46,558 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
70,540 | 24,785 | 45,755 | 184.6 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
24,729 | 25,532 | (803 | ) | (3.1 | ) | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 107,794 | $ | 89,886 | $ | 17,908 | 19.9 | % | ||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees, increased $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by COF I, COF II, EPF and ACLF. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $29.6 million and $9.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $19.8 million, or 202.0%. Transaction fees earned during the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $11.7 million and $0.2 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource, which generated $11.6 million and $2.9 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $9.6 million and $2.1 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets, totaling $23.8 million and $7.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $16.1 million, or 209.1%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $15.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to management fees earned from Athene Asset Management of $3.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010. In addition, increased management fees were earned from EPF of $3.7 million driven by increases in committed capital during the period, as well as increased management fees from AIC of $3.3 million as a result of an increase in gross adjusted assets managed during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest income from affiliates changed by $(0.8) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a decrease in net unrealized gains of $46.6 million driven by changes in the fair values of investments held by certain of our capital markets funds, primarily by COF I and COF II of $52.6 million and $20.4 million, respectively, which was impacted by unfavorable market conditions during 2010. This was partially offset by an increase in net unrealized gains by AIE II of $16.9 million as well as an increase in realized gains of $45.8 million, primarily from the disposition of fund portfolio investments by COF I and COF II of $34.0 million and $7.7 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
171
Expenses
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 40,955 | $ | 37,578 | $ | 3,377 | 9.0 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
8,705 | 10,667 | (1,962 | ) | (18.4 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
8,940 | 4,746 | 4,194 | 88.4 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
11,487 | 8,938 | 2,549 | 28.5 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
3,510 | 1,667 | 1,843 | 110.6 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
4,701 | 5,589 | (888 | ) | (15.9 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
4,118 | 3,750 | 368 | 9.8 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 82,416 | $ | 72,935 | $ | 9,481 | 13.0 | % | |||||
Compensation and benefits increased by $3.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to higher incentive-based compensation expense of $9.3 million along with higher salary, bonus and benefits expense of $9.2 million due to an increase in headcount during the period. This was partially offset by decreased profit sharing expense of $15.1 million driven by the change in carried interest income (loss) of COF I and COF II during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $2.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $4.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expense increased by $2.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 associated with the expansion of our global investment platform as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees increased by $1.8 million for the six months ended
June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to active fundraising efforts for our capital markets funds resulting in higher placement fees incurred, primarily related to COF I and
Other (Loss) Income
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | | $ | (9,739 | ) | $ | 9,739 | (100.0 | )% | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 14,704 | (14,704 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
469 | 17,359 | (16,890 | ) | (97.3 | ) | |||||||||
Interest income |
385 | 419 | (34 | ) | (8.1 | ) | |||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(5,069 | ) | 4,122 | (9,191 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (4,215 | ) | $ | 26,865 | $ | (31,080 | ) | NM | ||||||
172
Net losses from investment activities were $9.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was primarily attributable to the unrealized loss related to Artus driven by the change in the fair value during the period, where we, as the general partner, are guaranteeing the negative equity of the fund.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $14.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $14.7 million was allocated to the capital markets segment.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $(16.9) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was driven by changes in the fair values of our capital markets investments held primarily by COF I, COF II, ACLF and AIE II, which together generated decreased equity method investment income of $19.5 million due to unfavorable market conditions during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other (loss) income, net decreased by $9.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
173
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and ENI, for our capital markets segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 7,433 | $ | | $ | 7,433 | $ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 24,368 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
144,578 | | 144,578 | 139,779 | | 139,779 | ||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
| 120,126 | 120,126 | | (5,240 | ) | (5,240 | ) | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
50,404 | 22,995 | 73,399 | 49,829 | 3,857 | 53,686 | ||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
202,415 | 143,121 | 345,536 | 213,976 | (1,383 | ) | 212,593 | |||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (2) |
88,686 | 43,500 | 132,186 | 77,530 | | 77,530 | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
20,144 | | 20,144 | 28,432 | | 28,432 | ||||||||||||||
Professional fees (3) |
12,144 | | 12,144 | 27,376 | | 27,376 | ||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (4) |
22,191 | | 22,191 | 26,694 | | 26,694 | ||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
9,720 | | 9,720 | 23,143 | | 23,143 | ||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
14,112 | | 14,112 | 11,136 | | 11,136 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,737 | | 7,737 | 5,436 | | 5,436 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
174,734 | 43,500 | 218,234 | 199,747 | | 199,747 | ||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities (5) |
| 38,478 | 38,478 | | (38,444 | ) | (38,444 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gain on debt repurchase |
14,704 | | 14,704 | | | | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
845 | | 845 | 7,401 | | 7,401 | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
| 46,384 | 46,384 | | (34,718 | ) | (34,718 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other income, net |
3,760 | | 3,760 | 2,277 | | 2,277 | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
19,309 | 84,862 | 104,171 | 9,678 | (73,162 | ) | (63,484 | ) | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 46,990 | $ | 184,483 | $ | 231,473 | $ | 23,907 | $ | (74,545 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million during 2008 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(3) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
174
Revenues
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 7,433 | $ | 24,368 | $ | (16,935 | ) | (69.5 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
144,578 | 139,779 | 4,799 | 3.4 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
120,126 | (5,240 | ) | 125,366 | NM | |||||||||
Realized gains |
73,399 | 53,686 | 19,713 | 36.7 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
193,525 | 48,446 | 145,079 | 299.5 | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 345,536 | $ | 212,593 | $ | 132,943 | 62.5 | % | ||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates decreased by $16.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to fewer acquisitions and divestitures during the period. There was one transaction in 2009 compared to two transactions in 2008. Deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource generated gross and net transaction fees of $61.0 million and $17.3 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2008. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $28.4 million and $80.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $52.3 million or 64.8%. Advisory and transaction fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $21.0 million and $56.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $35.3 million or 62.7%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to increases in committed capital to EPF and invested capital by COF I and COF II, as well as increased net assets managed by certain capital markets funds including ACLF and AIE II, which collectively resulted in increased management fees earned of $36.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008. The remaining change was attributable to decreases in net assets managed by certain capital markets funds, specifically SVF, AIC, AAOF and VIF, resulting in decreased management fees earned of $27.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008. In addition, AIE I fees decreased by $3.8 million as a result of a monetization plan put into place during 2009. The investment performance of AIE I was adversely impacted due to market conditions in 2008 and its shareholders subsequently approved the monetization plan to sell its assets over a three-year period. During 2008, the company at its discretion established a $12.6 million management fee waiver to limit the adverse impact that deteriorating market conditions were having on AIE Is performance. As a result of the monetization plan, we expect AIE I to have adequate cash flow to satisfy its obligations as they come due. Management fees charged to AIE I during 2008 were $5.5 million (net of a $12.6 million fee waiver) as compared to $1.7 million in 2009 (net of a $2.0 million fee waiver). The company continues to charge AIE I management fees at a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I, whereas prior to the monetization plan the management fees were based on 2.0% of the gross assets.
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates changed by $145.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net unrealized gains of $125.4 million driven by changes in the fair values of investments held by certain of our capital markets funds, specifically COF I, COF II, SVF and VIF. The remaining change was attributable to an increase in net realized gains of $19.7 million resulting from the disposition of fund investments held by VIF, SVF and SOMA during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period during 2008. There was $2.8 million and $10.3 million of incentive fees that were waived during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, in connection with AIE Is monetization plan.
175
Expenses
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 132,186 | $ | 77,530 | $ | 54,656 | 70.5 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
20,144 | 28,432 | (8,288 | ) | (29.2 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
12,144 | 27,376 | (15,232 | ) | (55.6 | ) | |||||||
General, administrative and other |
22,191 | 26,694 | (4,503 | ) | (16.9 | ) | |||||||
Placement fees |
9,720 | 23,143 | (13,423 | ) | (58.0 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
14,112 | 11,136 | 2,976 | 26.7 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,737 | 5,436 | 2,301 | 42.3 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 218,234 | $ | 199,747 | $ | 18,487 | 9.3 | % | |||||
Compensation and benefits increased by $54.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to profit sharing expense of $37.9 million relating to COF I and COF II during the year ended December 31, 2009 along with increased incentive fee compensation expense of $5.6 million. The remaining change was attributable to increased salary, bonus and benefits expenses of $11.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Interest expense decreased by $8.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009 combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Professional fees decreased by $15.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
General, administrative and other expenses decreased by $4.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreases in various expenses such as travel, information technology and other general expenses incurred as a result of our cost management initiatives across the company during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Placement fees decreased by $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising during 2009. During 2008, COF I and COF II were new funds and were actively raising additional committed capital.
Occupancy expense increased by $3.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to losses incurred on two subleases totaling $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. The remaining increase was attributable to additional office space leased during 2009 as a result of the increase in our headcount to support the expansion of our global investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to increased depreciation expense associated with additional assets placed in service during the period.
176
Other Income (Loss)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities |
$ | 38,478 | $ | (38,444 | ) | $ | 76,922 | NM | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
14,704 | | 14,704 | NM | ||||||||||
Interest income |
845 | 7,401 | (6,556 | ) | (88.6 | )% | ||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
46,384 | (34,718 | ) | 81,102 | NM | |||||||||
Other income, net |
3,760 | 2,277 | 1,483 | 65.1 | ||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
$ | 104,171 | $ | (63,484 | ) | $ | 167,655 | NM | ||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities increased by $76.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to a change in unrealized gains (losses) of $76.9 million related to Artus, where we as the general partner are allocated the negative equity of the fund. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the fair value of Artus increased which resulted in the reversal of a previously recognized obligation.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $14.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. This was attributable to the purchase of debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase resulted in the recognition of a gain as the purchase price was below the carrying value of the debt.
Interest income decreased by $6.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower average cash balances combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $81.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was primarily driven by changes in the fair values of certain of our capital markets funds, specifically COF I, COF II, ACLF and Artus, totaling $70.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Other income, net increased by $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to gains resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
177
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and ENI, for our capital markets segment for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2008 | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||||||
Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | Management (2) | Incentive (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 24,368 | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 194 | ||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
139,779 | | 139,779 | 100,244 | | 100,244 | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (5,240 | ) | (5,240 | ) | | 5,216 | 5,216 | ||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
49,829 | 3,857 | 53,686 | 51,532 | 23,438 | 74,970 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
213,976 | (1,383 | ) | 212,593 | 151,970 | 28,654 | 180,624 | |||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (3) |
77,530 | | 77,530 | 79,327 | 3,189 | 82,516 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
28,432 | | 28,432 | 46,579 | | 46,579 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | 113,280 | | 113,280 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (4) |
27,376 | | 27,376 | 12,464 | | 12,464 | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (5) |
26,694 | | 26,694 | 10,172 | | 10,172 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
23,143 | | 23,143 | 4,500 | | 4,500 | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
11,136 | | 11,136 | 4,314 | | 4,314 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
5,436 | | 5,436 | 2,402 | | 2,402 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
199,747 | | 199,747 | 273,038 | 3,189 | 276,227 | ||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (6) |
| (38,444 | ) | (38,444 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
7,401 | | 7,401 | 3,027 | | 3,027 | ||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
| (34,718 | ) | (34,718 | ) | | 1,350 | 1,350 | ||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
2,277 | | 2,277 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
9,678 | (73,162 | ) | (63,484 | ) | 3,027 | 1,350 | 4,377 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 23,907 | $ | (74,545 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | $ | (118,041 | ) | $ | 26,815 | $ | (91,226 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million during 2008 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(2) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $51.5 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $10.3 million during 2007 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(3) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(4) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(6) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
178
Revenues
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,368 | $ | 194 | $ | 24,174 | NM | |||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
139,779 | 100,244 | 39,535 | 39.4 | % | |||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(5,240 | ) | 5,216 | (10,456 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
53,686 | 74,970 | (21,284 | ) | (28.4 | ) | ||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
48,446 | 80,186 | (31,740 | ) | (39.6 | ) | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 212,593 | $ | 180,624 | $ | 31,969 | 17.7 | % | ||||||
Total revenues for the capital markets segment were $212.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $180.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $32.0 million or 17.7%. This change was primarily attributable to an increase of management fees earned from affiliates as a result of the increase in the net asset values of our existing funds combined with the commencement of new funds, along with an increase in advisory and transaction fees earned from affiliates partially offset by a net decrease of carried interest income earned from affiliates due to a decrease in the fair value of our fund portfolio investments.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates were $24.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $24.2 million. This change was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period. There were two transactions in 2008 compared to one transaction in 2007. Deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource generated gross and net transaction fees of $61.0 million and $17.3 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2008. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $80.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to $0.2 million for the same period during 2007, an increase of $80.5 million. Advisory and transaction fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets, totaling $56.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Management fees from affiliates were $139.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $100.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $39.5 million or 39.4%. The increase in management fees earned from our capital markets funds was primarily driven by an increase in total net assets managed as a result of our new funds. EPF and ACLF commenced operations during the third and fourth quarters of 2007, respectively, and COF I, COF II and AIE II commenced operations during the second quarter of 2008. Our remaining existing capital markets funds had a combined net increase of $9.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2008, net of a $12.6 million management fee waiver for AIE I, when compared to 2007. The investment performance of AIE I was adversely impacted due to market conditions in 2008, and its shareholders subsequently approved a monetization plan to sell AIE Is assets over a three-year period. During 2008, the company at its discretion established $12.6 million in management fee waiver to limit the adverse impact that deteriorating market conditions were having on AIE Is performance. As a result of the monetization plan, we expect AIE I to have adequate cash flow to satisfy its obligations as they come due. Therefore, we do not anticipate any additional waivers for AIE I in the future. Management fees charged to AIE I during 2008 were $5.5 million (net of the $12.6 million fee waiver), compared to $13.9 million in 2007. The company continues to charge AIE I management fees at a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I. Prior to the monetization plan, the management fees were based on 2.0% of the gross assets of AIE I.
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates was $48.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $80.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $31.7 million or 39.6%. This change was primarily attributable to the increase in net unrealized losses of $10.4 million from our fund portfolio investments to a carried interest loss of $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to
179
income of $5.2 million for the same period in 2007, primarily driven by decreases in the fair values of investments held by SVF and VIF of $5.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively. The remaining change was attributable to a decrease in realized gains of $21.3 million from our fund portfolio investments to $53.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to $75.0 million for the same period in 2007, primarily due to a decrease in realized gains in VIF, AAOF and SVF of $6.3 million, $6.3 million and $5.3 million, respectively.
Expenses
Year
Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 77,530 | $ | 82,516 | $ | (4,986 | ) | (6.0 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
28,432 | 46,579 | (18,147 | ) | (39.0 | ) | |||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| 113,280 | (113,280 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
27,376 | 12,464 | 14,912 | 119.6 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
26,694 | 10,172 | 16,522 | 162.4 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
23,143 | 4,500 | 18,643 | 414.3 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
11,136 | 4,314 | 6,822 | 158.1 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
5,436 | 2,402 | 3,034 | 126.3 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 199,747 | $ | 276,227 | $ | (76,480 | ) | (27.7 | )% | ||||
Total expenses for the capital markets segment were $199.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $276.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $76.5 million or 27.7%. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred since the BCF was recognized during 2007.
Compensation and benefits were $77.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $82.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $5.0 million or 6.0%. This change was primarily attributable to lower incentive-based compensation expense of $3.2 million driven by decreased carried interest income earned from affiliates during the period.
Interest expense was $28.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $46.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $18.1 million or 39.0%. This change was primarily attributable to additional interest incurred during 2007 on the convertible notes and a related write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, which totaled $24.0 million and is discussed further in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This decrease was partially offset by additional interest of $5.9 million incurred during 2008, primarily attributable to the AMH credit facility that was entered into during April 2007.
Interest expense of $113.3 million was incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007 as a result of the recognition of the BCF when the convertible notes issued to the Strategic Investors on July 13, 2007, were mandatorily converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares in August 2007. The allocation of this interest expense to this segment was based on the fair value of the entities in this segment on July 13, 2007.
Professional fees were $27.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $12.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $14.9 million or 119.6%. This change was primarily attributable to increased external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during 2008 in connection with the expansion of our platform.
General, administrative and other expenses were $26.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $10.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $16.5 million or 162.4%. This
180
change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred during 2008 as a result of expanding our global platform and increased headcount.
Placement fees incurred were $23.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $18.6 million or 414.3%. These expenses were incurred in relation to the raising of additional committed capital during 2008 for new capital markets funds.
Occupancy expense was $11.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $6.8 million or 158.1%. This change was primarily attributable to the expansion of office space leased during 2008 as a result of the increase in our headcount, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing office space leased.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $2.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $3.0 million or 126.3%. This change was primarily attributable to depreciation expense associated with new assets placed in service during the period.
Other (Loss) Income
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (38,444 | ) | $ | | $ | (38,444 | ) | NM | |||||
Interest income |
7,401 | 3,027 | 4,374 | 144.5 | % | |||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(34,718 | ) | 1,350 | (36,068 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Other income, net |
2,277 | | 2,277 | NM | ||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (63,484 | ) | $ | 4,377 | $ | (67,861 | ) | NM | |||||
Total other (loss) income for the capital markets segment was $(63.5) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $67.9 million. This change was primarily attributable to investment losses as a result of the decline in the values of equity method investments, combined with increased net losses from investment activities.
Net losses from investment activities were $38.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. This amount was attributable to an unrealized loss related to Artus, where we as the general partner, are guaranteeing the negative equity of the fund.
Interest income was $7.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $3.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $4.4 million or 144.5%. This change was primarily attributable to higher average cash balances during 2008 resulting in additional interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the same period during 2007.
(Loss) income from equity method investments was $(34.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $36.1 million. This change was primarily attributable to equity method investment losses associated with new capital markets funds, specifically Artus, ACLF, COF I, COF II, and EPF totaling $33.3 million, combined with losses on existing investments of $2.8 million.
181
Real Estate
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our real estate segment for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate | Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,568 | | 1,568 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,568 | | 1,568 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
6,126 | | 6,126 | 2,876 | | 2,876 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
277 | | 277 | 327 | | 327 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
421 | | 421 | 661 | | 661 | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
750 | | 750 | 162 | | 162 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
272 | | 272 | 189 | | 189 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
73 | | 73 | 34 | | 34 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
7,919 | | 7,919 | 4,249 | | 4,249 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Gains from repurchase of debt |
| | | 941 | 941 | |||||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 263 | 263 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
2 | | 2 | 222 | | 222 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
2 | 263 | 265 | 1,163 | | 1,163 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (6,349 | ) | $ | 263 | $ | (6,086 | ) | $ | (3,086 | ) | $ | | $ | (3,086 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
Management fees were $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and, of the total fees, $1.1 million and $0.5 million were related to ARI and the AGRE CMBS Account, respectively.
Total expenses for the real estate segment were $7.9 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The majority of these expenses were incurred to establish our investment platform that will target real estate investment opportunities. The $3.3 million increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount during the period.
182
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our real estate segment for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate | Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
3,215 | | 3,215 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
3,215 | | 3,215 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
9,803 | | 9,803 | 5,728 | | 5,728 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
592 | | 592 | 668 | | 668 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
938 | | 938 | 838 | | 838 | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
1,290 | | 1,290 | 524 | | 524 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
537 | | 537 | 309 | | 309 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
129 | | 129 | 65 | | 65 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
13,289 | | 13,289 | 8,132 | | 8,132 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Gains from repurchase of debt |
| | | 941 | 941 | |||||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 120 | 120 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
74 | | 74 | 209 | | 209 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
74 | 120 | 194 | 1,150 | | 1,150 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (10,000 | ) | $ | 120 | $ | (9,880 | ) | $ | (6,982 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,982 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
Management fees were $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, and of the total fees, $2.2 million and $1.0 million were related to ARI and the AGRE CMBS Account, respectively.
Total expenses for the real estate segment were $13.3 million and $8.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The majority of these expenses were incurred to establish our investment platform that will target real estate investment opportunities. The $4.1 million increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount during the period.
183
Year ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year ended December 31, 2008
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our real estate segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate | Real Estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,201 | | 1,201 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,201 | | 1,201 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
10,919 | | 10,919 | 4,679 | | 4,679 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
1,300 | | 1,300 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
1,848 | | 1,848 | 101 | | 101 | |||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
9,501 | | 9,501 | 1,130 | | 1,130 | |||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
830 | | 830 | 93 | | 93 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
142 | | 142 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
24,540 | | 24,540 | 6,003 | | 6,003 | |||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
941 | | 941 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
2 | | 2 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Loss from equity method investments |
| (743 | ) | (743 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
100 | | 100 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
1,043 | (743 | ) | 300 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (22,296 | ) | $ | (743 | ) | $ | (23,039 | ) | $ | (6,003 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,003 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
Management fees were $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, and of the total fees, $1.1 million and $0.1 million were related to ARI and the AGRE CMBS Account, respectively.
Total expenses for the real estate segment were $24.5 million and $6.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The majority of these expenses were incurred to establish our investment platform that will target real estate investment opportunities. The $6.2 million increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount during the period.
Summary Combined Segment Results for Management Business and Incentive Business
The following tables combine our reportable segments statements of operations information and supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our management and incentive businesses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income
184
taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
In addition to providing the financial results of our three reportable business segments, we evaluate our reportable segments based on what we refer to as our management and incentive businesses. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fee revenues, carried interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds and expenses, each of which we believe are more stable in nature.
Three Months
Ended June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||||
2010 (1) | 2009 (2)(3) | 2010 (1) | 2009 (2)(3) | 2009 (4)(5)(6) | 2008 (7) (8) | 2007 (8)(9) (10) | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Management Business |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 90,602 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | 406,257 | 384,247 | 249,424 | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
10,240 | 12,100 | 22,340 | 24,785 | 50,404 | 49,829 | 51,532 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
143,196 | 113,969 | 270,169 | 230,221 | 512,736 | 579,257 | 391,558 | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (11) |
60,289 | 55,012 | 120,059 | 107,071 | 227,356 | 201,098 | 149,553 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | 50,252 | 62,622 | 103,226 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | | | | 240,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (12) |
9,063 | 8,509 | 21,617 | 13,744 | 33,220 | 72,907 | 71,583 | ||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| | | | | 200,000 | | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (13) |
16,338 | 11,420 | 30,403 | 21,707 | 59,437 | 70,537 | 32,867 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | 29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | 24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
107,274 | 102,511 | 219,898 | 197,860 | 436,553 | 701,472 | 645,216 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (14) |
| | | | | | (73 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Dividend income |
| | | | | | 551 | ||||||||||||||||
Gain from debt repurchase |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | 36,193 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
298 | 285 | 660 | 691 | 1,450 | 19,368 | 19,421 | ||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
25,264 | 23,219 | 21,906 | 39,152 | 41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
25,562 | 59,697 | 22,566 | 76,036 | 79,053 | 14,759 | 19,863 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 61,484 | $ | 71,155 | $ | 72,837 | $ | 108,397 | $ | 155,236 | $ | (107,456 | ) | $ | (233,795 | ) | |||||||
(1) | Includes $27.5 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement included in other income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively. |
(2) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $12.1 million and $24.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.1 million and $4.3 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(3) | Includes $15.0 million and $30.0 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement included in other income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively. |
(4) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $12.7 million during 2009 and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.2 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(5) | Includes $8 million of offering costs related to the launch of ARI during the third quarter of 2009, which were contractually incurred by the company for the benefit of ARI. |
(6) | Includes $37.5 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement included in other income. |
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(7) | Includes $200 million of litigation settlement expense related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement. |
(8) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and $51.5 million during 2008 and 2007, respectively, and the related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million and $10.3 million during 2008 and 2007, respectively, have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(9) | Includes $240 million of interest expense associated with the beneficial conversion feature, which was recorded during 2007. |
(10) | Includes $44 million of unamortized debt issuance costs that were associated with the convertible notes, which were written off on the conversion date, and $6 million of interest expense that was incurred on the convertible notes prior to their mandatory conversion, as described in note 5 above. |
(11) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(12) | Includes $1.9 million and $4.0 million that was incurred to register Class A shares during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $1.0 million and $2.8 million that was incurred to register Class A shares during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Finally $14.7 million and $26.8 million that was incurred to register Class A shares during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and reorganization costs of $16.2 million that were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007. Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(13) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(14) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
The financial performance of our incentive business, which is dependent upon quarterly mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to fair value measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expenses that are associated with our general partner interests in the Apollo funds, which are generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
Three
Months
Ended June 30, |
Six
Months
Ended June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 (1) | 2010 | 2009 (1) | 2009 | 2008 (1) | 2007 (1) | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incentive Business |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
$ | (117,232 | ) | $ | 20,812 | $ | (71,998 | ) | $ | 35,376 | $ | 383,016 | $ | (1,211,300 | ) | $ | 393,122 | ||||||||
Realized gains |
53,316 | 6,928 | 104,703 | 32,837 | 70,976 | 365,338 | 292,433 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(63,916 | ) | 27,740 | 32,705 | 68,213 | 453,992 | (845,962 | ) | 685,555 | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized profit sharing expense |
26,982 | 2,570 | 46,680 | 11,671 | 24,073 | 164,326 | 147,317 | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized profit sharing expense |
(53,234 | ) | 9,473 | (31,471 | ) | 15,967 | 143,475 | (647,008 | ) | 163,611 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
(26,252 | ) | 12,043 | 15,209 | 27,638 | 167,548 | (482,682 | ) | 310,928 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities (2) |
| 11,223 | | (9,735 | ) | 39,062 | (38,444 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(927 | ) | 42,438 | 9,676 | 27,859 | 100,280 | (101,770 | ) | 12,014 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(927 | ) | 53,661 | 9,676 | 18,124 | 139,342 | (140,214 | ) | 12,014 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (38,591 | ) | $ | 69,358 | $ | 27,172 | $ | 58,699 | $ | 425,786 | $ | (503,494 | ) | $ | 386,641 | |||||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC and the related incentive fee compensation expense have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
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Summary
Below is the summary of our total reportable segments including management and incentive businesses and a reconciliation of ENI to Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC reported in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and our consolidated and combined statements of operations:
Three
Months
Ended June 30, |
Six
Months
Ended June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 79,280 | $ | 141,709 | $ | 302,874 | $ | 298,434 | $ | 966,728 | $ | (266,705 | ) | $ | 1,077,113 | |||||||||||||
Expenses |
81,022 | 114,554 | 235,107 | 225,498 | 604,101 | 218,790 | 956,144 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) |
24,635 | 113,358 | 32,242 | 94,160 | 218,395 | (125,455 | ) | 31,877 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
22,893 | 140,513 | 100,009 | 167,096 | 581,022 | (610,950 | ) | 152,846 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(279,960 | ) | (275,592 | ) | (553,606 | ) | (549,508 | ) | (1,100,106 | ) | (1,125,184 | ) | (989,849 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | (28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income of Metals Trading Fund |
(1,343 | ) | 1,303 | (2,573 | ) | 728 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (1) |
(7,261 | ) | (762 | ) | (9,767 | ) | (1,521 | ) | (7,818 | ) | (14,918 | ) | (4,471 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | 400,440 | 801,799 | 278,549 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||||||
(1) | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated VIEs as such amounts are not included within Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC. Economic Net Income (Loss) is presented on a segment basis and excludes our consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historical
Although we have managed our historical liquidity needs by looking at deconsolidated cash flows, our historical consolidated and combined statement of cash flows reflects the cash flows of Apollo, as well as those of our consolidated Apollo funds.
The primary cash flow activities of Apollo are:
|
Generating cash flow from operations; |
|
Making investments in Apollo funds; |
|
Meeting financing needs through credit agreements; and |
|
Distributing cash flow to equity holders and Non-Controlling Interests. |
Primary cash flow activities of the consolidated Apollo funds are:
|
Raising capital from their investors, which have been reflected historically as Non-Controlling Interests of the consolidated subsidiaries in our financial statements; |
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|
Using capital to make investments; |
|
Generating cash flow from operations through dividends, interest and the realization of investments; and |
|
Distributing cash flow to investors. |
While primarily met by cash flows generated through fee income and carried interest income received, working capital needs have also been met (to a limited extent) through borrowings as follows:
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|||||||||
(in thousands) | (in thousands) | |||||||||||
AMH credit facility |
$ | 909,091 | 4.33 | % (1) | $ | 909,091 | 5.15 | % (1) | ||||
CIT master loan agreement |
23,940 | 3.46 | 24,743 | 3.64 | ||||||||
Total Debt |
$ | 933,031 | 4.30 | % | $ | 933,834 | 5.11 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes the effect of interest rate swaps. |
We determine whether to make capital commitments to our private equity funds in excess of our minimum required amounts based on a variety of factors, including estimates regarding our liquidity resources over the estimated time period during which commitments will have to be funded, estimates regarding the amounts of capital that may be appropriate for other funds that we are in the process of raising or are considering raising, and our general working capital requirements.
We have made one or more distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners, representing all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to the Private Offering Transactions. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to the Private Offering Transactions or carry-generating transactions to which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to the Private Offering Transactions are treated as having been earned prior to the Private Offering Transactions.
On April 21, 2009 and May 1, 2009, the company purchased a combined total of $90.9 million face value of AMH debt related to the credit agreement for a cost of approximately $54.7 million resulting in a net gain of $36.2 million.
Cash Flows
Significant amounts from our condensed consolidated statements of cash flow for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and our consolidated and combined statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are summarized and discussed within the table and corresponding commentary below. Prior to August 1, 2007, the funds cash flows were reflected in our consolidated and combined statement of cash flows and caused our cash flow to be substantially higher. Subsequent to the deconsolidation of most of the Apollo funds, the main drivers of cash flows are our management and incentive businesses.
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Activities |
$ | (113,192 | ) | $ | 75,596 | $ | 107,993 | $ | 153,071 | $ | 855,741 | |||||||||
Investing Activities |
(27,512 | ) | (34,761 | ) | (16,870 | ) | (186,458 | ) | (29,113 | ) | ||||||||||
Financing Activities |
257,981 | (82,401 | ) | (106,264 | ) | (348,299 | ) | (272,922 | ) | |||||||||||
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents |
$ | 117,277 | $ | (41,566 | ) | $ | (15,141 | ) | $ | (381,686 | ) | $ | 553,706 | |||||||
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Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $113.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010. During this period there was a $375.3 million net loss, to which $553.6 million of equity-based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2010 included $85.6 million of net unrealized gains from investment activities and $371.6 million of purchases of investments held by AAA and consolidated VIEs, $6.2 million of income from equity method investments and $86.3 million of cash held at consolidated VIEs. These unfavorable cash adjustments were offset by dividends from investment activities of $17.0 million, sales of investments held by consolidated VIEs of $83.0 million, $38.0 million of cash transferred from the Metals Trading Fund and a $99.2 million decrease in our carried interest receivable. The decrease in our carried interest receivable balance during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was driven by fund cash distributions of $154.2 million, offset by a $55.0 million increase in the fair value of Apollo managed funds.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $75.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009. During this period there was a $273.2 million net loss, to which $549.5 million of equity-based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2009 included $123.0 million of net unrealized gains from investment activities that related to the consolidated funds, $23.1 million of income from equity method investments and a $34.3 million increase in our carried interest receivable, which was driven by a $93.0 million increase in the fair value of Apollo managed funds, partially offset by cash distributions of $58.7 million. These unfavorable adjustments were partially offset by $9.7 million in losses related to general partner commitments along with a $16.1 million increase in our profit sharing payable, which was primarily driven by increases in the fair value of Apollo managed funds.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $107.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. During this period there was a $95.4 million net loss, to which $1.1 billion of equity based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2009 included $471.9 million of unrealized gains on investments held by AAA, a $406.8 million increase in our carried interest receivable and $83.1 million of income from equity method investments. The increase in our carried interest receivable balance during the year ended December 31, 2009 was driven by a $504.4 million increase in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner, offset by fund cash distributions of $97.6 million. There was also a $45.3 million change in deferred revenue and $40.0 million change in net purchases of investments. These unfavorable cash adjustments were offset by a $144.5 million increase in our profit sharing payable, which was also primarily driven by increases in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $153.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2008. During this period there was a $2.9 billion net loss, to which $1.1 billion of equity based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2008 included $1.2 billion of unrealized losses on investments held by AAA, a $1.2 billion decrease in our carried interest receivable and a $211.0 million increase in deferred revenue that was primarily driven by new deal activity related to LeverageSource. The significant decrease in our carried interest receivable balance during the year ended December 31, 2008 was driven by a $783.1 million decrease in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner and fund cash distributions of $456.0 million. These favorable cash adjustments were offset by a $566.8 million reduction in our profit sharing payable, which was also primarily driven by decreases in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner, and a $207.9 million decrease in due to affiliates that was primarily the result of a reduction in amounts due to managing partners in connection with the Reorganization.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $855.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2007. During this period there was $1.2 billion of net income, to which $1.0 billion of equity based compensation, a
189
non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2007 included $3.8 billion in proceeds from the sale of investments and liquidating dividends in our consolidated funds, $240.0 million from a non-cash interest charge related to a beneficial conversion feature, a $174.8 million increase in profit sharing payable and a $102.8 million increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses. These favorable cash adjustments were offset by $3.0 billion of investment purchases in our consolidated funds, $1.3 billion of unrealized gains on investments held by consolidated funds, $1.0 billion of realized gains on investments held by consolidated funds, a $203.1 million increase in our carried interest receivable and $142.2 million in cash relinquished with deconsolidation of funds.
The operating cash flow amounts from the Apollo funds represent the significant variances between net (loss) income and cash flow from operations and were classified as operating activities pursuant to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, or AICPA, Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , or Investment Company Guide. The increasing capital needs reflect the growth of our business while the fund-related requirements vary based upon the specific investment activities being conducted at a point in time. These movements do not adversely affect our liquidity or earnings trends because we currently have sufficient cash reserves compared to planned expenditures.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $27.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, which was primarily comprised of $42.0 million of cash contributions to equity method investments, $1.4 million of business acquisitions and $2.2 million of fixed asset purchases, offset by $17.7 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, COF I, COF II and EPF. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, ACLF and Vantium.
Net cash used in investing activities was $34.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $9.6 million of cash contributions to equity method investments, $12.7 million of fixed asset purchases and an increase of $21.1 million in restricted cash, offset by $8.6 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, COF I, EPF and Palmetto. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, ACLF, COF I and EPF. Fixed asset purchases were primarily comprised of leasehold improvements, furniture and equipment that were needed for the expansion of our offices.
Net cash used in investing activities was $16.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $40.2 million of cash contributions to equity method investments and $15.8 million of fixed asset purchases, offset by $40.1 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, ARI, COF II and EPF. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to COF I, Fund VII, EPF and ACLF.
Net cash used in investing activities was $186.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily comprised of $165.0 million of cash contributions to equity method investments and $57.3 million of fixed asset purchases, offset by $34.1 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, COF I, COF II, ACLF, EPF and Vantium. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd., Fund VII, COF II and EPF. Fixed asset purchases were primarily comprised of leasehold improvements, furniture and equipment that were needed for the expansion of our investment platform.
Net cash used in investing activities was $29.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, which was primarily comprised of $16.0 million of cash relinquished related to excluded assets, $9.2 million of contributions to equity method investments and $6.9 million of fixed asset purchases.
190
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $258.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, which was primarily comprised of $320.2 million of debt issued by consolidated VIEs. This amount was offset by the repayment of term loans of $17.2 million by consolidated VIEs, as well as $11.5 million of distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated entities, and $7.7 million, $16.8 million and $6.6 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders, Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group and Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated entities, respectively.
Net cash used in financing activities was $82.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $6.9 million of distributions paid to Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated entities, the repurchase of debt and Class A shares of $54.5 million and $3.5 million, respectively, and $4.9 million and $12.0 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders and Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, respectively.
Net cash used in financing activities was $106.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $55.8 million in repurchases of debt related to the AMH credit facility and principal repayments on debt, $18.0 million of distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, $12.4 million of distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities and $4.9 million and $12.0 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders and Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, respectively.
Net cash used in financing activities was $348.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily comprised of $134.4 million of dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, $58.6 million of principal repayments on debt that was primarily related to the AAA Holdings credit facility, $62.2 million in distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities and $54.9 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders. These decreases in cash were offset by a $26.9 million increase in proceeds from a credit agreement in connection with the CIT Secured Loan Agreement.
Net cash used in financing activities was $272.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, which was primarily comprised of $2.7 billion in distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities, $1.1 billion in distributions to managing partners in connection with the Reorganization, $1.2 billion and $39.0 million in additional distributions to managing partners and contributing partners, respectively, $227.7 million in withdrawals paid to the investors in our consolidated Apollo funds, which were historically reflected as Non-Controlling Interests prior to the deconsolidation of these funds, and $156.4 million in purchases of interests from contributing partners. The aforementioned uses of cash in financing activities were offset by $2.2 billion in contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities, a $1.2 billion issuance of convertible notes that were issued to the Strategic Investors and subsequently converted into Class A shares, $1.0 billion in proceeds from the AMH credit facility and $818.9 million in net proceeds from the issuance of additional Class A shares.
Dividends/Distributions
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of quarterly dividends are at the sole discretion of the company.
On April 19, 2010, the company made a cash payment of $15.0 million to the managing and contributing partners relating to the tax receivable agreement resulting from a realized tax benefit for the 2009 tax year.
On May 27, 2010, the company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on June 15, 2010. Of the $23.5 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, the company received $6.7 million, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to Holdings.
On September 9, 2009, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $27.0 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement for a portion of the tax savings APO Corp. realized as result of the acquisition of Apollo Operating
191
Group units from the managing partners and the contributing partners. As such, $17.9 million was distributed to the managing partners and contributing partners through their ownership of Holdings and the remaining $9.1 million was paid to APO Corp. for it to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
On January 8, 2009, the company declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per Class A share, which was paid on January 15, 2009. Of the $16.9 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, the company received $4.9 million, and the remaining $12.0 million was paid to Holdings related to the tax year ended December 31, 2008. The company also accrued $0.3 million for distribution equivalents on vested RSUs, which were paid in January 2010.
During December 2008, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $18.1 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement for a portion of the tax savings APO Corp. realized as a result of the acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units from the managing partners and the contributing partners. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement for a discussion of the required payment. As such, $14.4 million was distributed to the managing partners and contributing partners through their ownership of Holdings and the remaining $3.7 million was paid to APO Corp. for it to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
The company accrued $0.4 million in distribution equivalents during the third quarter of 2008, which related to unvested RSUs granted to employees that are subject to accelerated vesting conditions in respect of distributions in accordance with the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. These amounts were paid in January 2009.
On July 15, 2008, the company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.23 per Class A share, which included a second quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.07 per Class A share that primarily related to realizations from (i) portfolio companies of Fund IV, Sky Terra Communications, Inc. and United Rentals, Inc., (ii) dividend income from a portfolio company of Fund VI and (iii) interest income related to debt investments of Fund VI. This $77.6 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $22.4 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed on July 25, 2008, to its Class A shareholders of record on July 18, 2008, and the remaining $55.2 million was paid to Holdings.
On April 4, 2008, the company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.33 per Class A share, which included a first quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.17 per Class A share that primarily related to the realization of a fund portfolio company in February 2008. The $111.3 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $32.2 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed to its Class A shareholders of record on April 18, 2008, and the remaining $79.1 million was paid to Holdings.
The dividends declared in 2008 and 2009 are returns of amounts paid in by our Class A shareholders. All cash distributions paid in 2009 and 2008 have been charged against additional paid in capital.
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Excluded Assets
At the time of the Reorganization on July 13, 2007, certain assets were not contributed to Apollo Global Management, LLC. The following summarizes the impact of the excluded assets in the periods prior to their exclusion:
Period
January 1, 2007 July 13, 2007 |
||||
(in thousands) | ||||
Revenues |
$ | | ||
Expenses |
(297 | ) | ||
Net losses from investment activities |
(4,513 | ) | ||
Net Loss |
(4,810 | ) | ||
Net Loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
3,942 | |||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (868 | ) | |
Future Cash Flows
We have contributed the net proceeds of the Private Offering Transactions to the Apollo Operating Group, which is using the net proceeds:
|
to provide capital to facilitate the growth of our existing private equity and capital markets businesses, including through funding a portion of our general partner capital commitments to our funds; |
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to provide capital to facilitate our expansion into new businesses that are complementary to our existing businesses and that can benefit from being affiliated with us, including possibly through selected strategic acquisitions; and |
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for other general corporate purposes. |
We expect the proceeds from the IPO, the cash on hand, capital calls from limited partners and our cash flows from operating activities will satisfy our liquidity needs with respect to current commitments relating to investments and with respect to our debt obligations over the next twelve months. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements, including the repayment of our debt obligations and any new commitments, through the generation and growth of operating income and by raising capital, if necessary.
Our ability to execute our business strategy, particularly our ability to increase our AUM, depends on our ability to establish new funds and to raise additional investor capital within such funds. Our liquidity will depend on a number of factors, such as our ability to project our financial performance, which is highly dependent on our funds and our ability to manage our projected costs, fund performance, having access to credit facilities, being in compliance with existing credit agreements, as well as industry and market trends. Also during economic downturns the funds we manage might experience cash flow issues or liquidate entirely. In these situations we might be asked to reduce or eliminate the management fee and incentive fees we charge. As was the situation with AIE I, this could adversely impact our cash flow in the future.
For example, the investment performance of AlE I was adversely impacted due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, and its shareholders subsequently approved a monetization plan to sell AlE Is assets over a three-year period. The company waived management fees of $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 and an additional $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to limit the adverse impact that deteriorating market conditions were having on AIE Is performance. As a result of the monetization plan, we expect AIE I to have adequate cash flow to satisfy its obligations as they come due, Therefore, we do not anticipate any additional fee waivers for AIE I in the future. The company continues to charge AIE I management fees at a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I. Prior to the monetization plan, the management fees were based on 2.0% of the gross assets of AIE I. The company has no future plans to waive additional management fees charged to AIE I or to lower the current management fee arrangement.
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In addition, we recently announced a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS, whereby we agreed to reduce management fees and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit.
An increase in the fair value of our funds investments, by contrast, could favorably impact our liquidity through higher management fees where the management fees are calculated based on the net asset value, gross assets and adjusted assets. Additionally, higher carried interest income would generally result when investments appreciate over their basis.
The company granted approximately 6.7 million RSUs to its employees in the first quarter of 2010. The estimated fair value per share on the grant date was $10.93 with a total fair value of the grant of $73.1 million. This will impact the companys compensation expense as these grants are amortized over their vesting term of three to six years. The company expects to incur annual compensation expenses of approximately $11.1 million, $26.6 million, $19.2 million, $8.2 million, $7.5 million and $0.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively. These grants will not have an impact on the companys cash flow.
On August 2, 2010, the company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid as of August 25, 2010. Of the $23.7 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $6.9 million was received by the company, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to the companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
Although Apollo Global Management, LLC expects to pay dividends according to our dividend policy, we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at all, if, among other things, we do not have the cash necessary to pay the intended dividends. To the extent we do not have cash on hand sufficient to pay dividends, we may have to borrow funds to pay dividends, or we may determine not to pay dividends. The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend is at the sole discretion of our manager.
Carried interest income from our funds can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The managing partners, contributing partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, to the extent of their ownership interest, subject to certain limitations, the obligations of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular managing partners or contributing partners distributions. The shareholders agreement dated July 13, 2007, includes clauses that indemnify each of our managing partners and certain contributing partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that our managing partners and contributing partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that our managing partners, contributing partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made carried interest distributions with respect to Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI, we will be obligated to reimburse our managing partners and certain contributing partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of June 30, 2010, the company has indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.3 million due to Fund VI.
Distributions to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
The three managing partners who became employees of Apollo Global Management, LLC on July 13, 2007, are each entitled to a $100,000 base salary. Any additional consideration will be paid to them in their proportional ownership interest in Holdings. Please refer to the structure chart for participation of profits in the Apollo Operating Group by Holdings. Additionally, 85% of any tax savings APO Corp. recognizes as a result of the tax receivable agreement will be paid to any exchanging or selling managing partners.
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It should be noted that subsequent to the Reorganization, the contributing partners retained ownership interests at the entity level below the Apollo Operating Group; therefore any distributions prior to flowing up to the Apollo Operating Group are shared pro rata with the contributing partners who have a direct interest in the entity (management or advisory entity). These distributions are considered compensation expense post-Reorganization.
The contributing partners are entitled to receive the following:
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Profit sharingprivate equity carried interest income, from direct ownership of advisory entities. Any changes in fair value of the underlying fund investments would result in changes to Apollo Global Management, LLCs profit sharing payable. |
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Net management fee incomedistributable cash determined by the general partner of each management company, from direct ownership of the management company entity. The contributing partners will continue to receive net management fee income payments based on the interests they retained in management companies directly. Such payments are treated as compensation expense post-Reorganization as described above. |
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Any additional consideration will be paid to them in their proportional ownership interest in Holdings. Please refer to the structure chart for participation of profits in and distributions from the Apollo Operating Group by Holdings. |
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No base compensation is paid to the contributing partners from the company. |
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Additionally, 85% of any tax savings APO Corp. recognizes as a result of the tax receivable agreement will be paid to any exchanging or selling contributing partner. |
Commitments
Our management companies and general partners have committed that we, or our affiliates, will invest into the funds a certain percentage of their capital. While a small percentage of these amounts are funded by us, the majority of these amounts have historically been funded by our affiliates, including certain of our employees and certain Apollo funds. The table below presents the commitment and remaining commitment amounts of Apollo and its affiliates, the percentage of total fund commitments of Apollo and its affiliates, the commitment and remaining commitment amounts of Apollo only (excluding affiliates), and the percentage of total fund commitments of Apollo only (excluding affiliates) for each private equity fund and each capital markets fund as of June 30, 2010 as follows ($ in millions):
Fund |
Apollo
and
Affiliates Commitments |
% of Total
Fund Commitments |
Apollo
Only
(Excluding Affiliates) Commitments |
Apollo
Only
(Excluding Affiliates) % of Total Fund Commitments |
Apollo and
Affiliates Remaining Commitments |
Apollo
Only
(Excluding Affiliates) Remaining Commitments |
||||||||||||||||
Fund VII |
$467.2 | (1) | 3.18 | % | $ | 187.7 | 1.28 | % | $290.0 | (1) | $ | 117.3 | ||||||||||
Fund VI |
246.3 | 2.43 | 6.1 | 0.06 | 29.2 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||||||
Fund V |
100.0 | 2.67 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 6.5 | | (2) | |||||||||||||||
Fund IV |
100.0 | 2.78 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.5 | | (2) | |||||||||||||||
Fund III |
100.6 | 6.71 | | | 15.5 | | ||||||||||||||||
ACLF |
23.9 | 2.43 | 23.9 | 2.43 | 6.8 | 6.8 | ||||||||||||||||
EPF |
537.4 | (3) | 33.91 | 21.6 | 1.36 | 273.7 | (4) | 11.8 | ||||||||||||||
SOMA |
9.7 | 1.20 | 9.7 | 1.20 | 2.3 | 2.3 | ||||||||||||||||
ACLF Co-Invest |
| (5) | | (5) | | (5) | | (5) | | (5) | | (5) | ||||||||||
COF I |
234.9 | (6) | 15.82 | 29.6 | 1.99 | 36.4 | (6) | 3.5 | ||||||||||||||
COF II |
71.0 | 4.49 | 23.4 | 1.48 | 1.9 | 0.6 | ||||||||||||||||
AIE II |
8.0 | 3.17 | 4.9 | 1.94 | 0.8 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||||||
Palmetto |
9.0 | 1.19 | 9.0 | 1.19 | 6.0 | 6.0 | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 1,908.0 | $ | 316.6 | $ | 669.6 | $ | 149.5 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | As of June 30, 2010, Palmetto had commitments and remaining commitment amounts in Fund VII of $110.0 million and $68 million, respectively. |
(2) | As of June 30, 2010, Apollo had an immaterial amount of remaining commitments in Fund IV and Fund V. Accordingly, presentation of such remaining commitments was not deemed meaningful for inclusion in the table above. |
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(3) | Of the total commitment amount in EPF, AAA, SOMA and Palmetto have approximately $288.7 million, $91.8 million and $136.5 million, respectively. |
(4) | Of the total remaining commitment amount in EPF, AAA, SOMA and Palmetto have approximately $138.0 million, $46.5 million and $65.7 million, respectively. |
(5) | As of June 30, 2010, the general partner of ACLF Co-Invest had committed an immaterial amount to ACLF Co-Invest. Accordingly, presentation of such commitment was not deemed meaningful for inclusion in the table above. |
(6) | As of June 30, 2010, SOMA had commitments and remaining commitment amounts in COF I of $250.0 million and $200.6 million, respectively. |
As a limited partner, the general partner and manager of the Apollo private equity funds and capital markets funds, Apollo has unfunded capital commitments of $149.5 million and $201.3 million at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
Apollo has an ongoing obligation to acquire additional common units from AAA on a quarterly basis in an amount equal to 25% of the aggregate after tax cash distributions, if any, that are made to Apollo affiliates pursuant to the carried interest distribution rights that are applicable to the investments that are made through AAA Investments.
The AMH credit facility, which provides for a variable-rate term loan, will have future impacts on our cash uses. Borrowings under the AMH credit facility accrue interest at a rate of (i) LIBOR loans (LIBOR plus 1.50%), or (ii) base rate loans (base rate plus 0.50%). The loan matures in April 2014. Additionally, the company has hedged $600 million of the variable-rate loan with fixed rate swaps to minimize our interest rate risk. In April and May 2009, the company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of par value of the AMH debt for $54.7 million and recognized a net gain of $36.2 million.
On June 30, 2008, the company entered into a credit agreement with Fund VI, pursuant to which the fund advanced $18.9 million of carried interest that was otherwise distributable to us under the partnership agreement in July 2008. The loan terminates on the earlier of June 30, 2017 or the termination of Fund VI and accrues interest based on a fixed rate of 3.45%.
As of June 30, 2010, assuming Fund VI liquidated on the balance sheet date, we accrued a liability to Fund VI of $13.1 million associated with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income previously distributed from Fund VI. Combined with the $18.9 million loan mentioned previously, along with accrued interest on the loan of $1.3 million, represents a total liability of $33.3 million to Fund VI.
In accordance with the Managing Partners Shareholders Agreement dated July 13, 2007, as amended, and the above credit agreement, we have indemnified the managing partners and certain contributing partners (at varying percentages) for any carried interest income distributed from Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI that is subject to contingent repayment by the general partner. As of June 30, 2010, we have indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.3 million due to Fund VI.
In accordance with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, which is discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, we have paid $200.0 million to Huntsman, while reserving all rights with respect to reallocation of the payment to certain of our other affiliates. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the company had received $27.5 million and $37.5 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, respectively. The 2010 amount has been presented within other income in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Potential Future Costs
We anticipate our annual cost of complying with regulatory requirements once we are a public company will be approximately as follows:
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Board of Directors and Committee Member Fees$700,000; |
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Audit Fees$1.0 million; |
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Finance Staff$3.0 million; |
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Computer Systems and Information Technology Staff$1.3 million; |
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Investor Relations and Other External Communications$1.5 million; and |
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Internal Audit Function$2.1 million. |
We also may make grants of RSUs to independent directors that we appoint in the future.
This Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based upon the consolidated and combined financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We also report segment information from our consolidated and combined statement of operations and include a supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from these estimates. A summary of our significant accounting policies is presented in our consolidated and combined financial statements. The following is a summary of our accounting policies that are affected most by judgments, estimates and assumptions.
Consolidation
Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or through other means, including those funds of which the general partner is presumed to have control. We also consolidate entities that are VIEs for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary. Under the amended consolidation rules, an enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entitys business and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
Certain of our subsidiaries hold equity interests in and/or receive fees qualifying as variable interests from the funds that the company manages. The amended consolidation rules require an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Where the VIEs have qualified for the deferral of the amended consolidation rules as discussed in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the analysis is based on previous consolidation rules. These rules require an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity.
Under both guidelines, the determination of whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE requires judgments which include (a) determining whether the equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, (b) evaluating whether the equity holders, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity,
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(c) determining whether two or more parties equity interests should be aggregated, and (d) determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive returns from an entity. Under both guidelines, Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively. However, if it is apparent that Apollo is the primary beneficiary, a quantitative expected losses and expected residual returns calculation will be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, affiliates of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Apollo fund may affect an entitys status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.
At each reporting date, Apollo assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate the entity accordingly. Performance of that assessment requires the exercise of judgment. Where the variable interests have qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in estimating cash flows in evaluating which member within the equity group absorbs a majority of the expected profits or losses of the VIE. Where the variable interests have not qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in determining whether a member in the equity group has a controlling financial interest including power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance and rights to receive benefits or obligations to absorb losses that are potentially significant to the VIE. Under both guidelines, judgment is made in evaluating the nature of relationships and activities of the parties involved in determining which party within a related-party group is most closely associated with a VIE. The use of these judgments has a material impact to certain components of Apollos consolidated financial statements.
Revenue Recognition
Carried Interest Income from Affiliates. We earn carried interest income from our funds as a result of such funds achieving specified performance criteria. Such carried interest income generally is earned based upon a fixed percentage of realized and unrealized gains of various funds after meeting any applicable hurdle rate or threshold minimum. Carried interest income from certain of the private equity and capital markets funds that we manage is subject to contingent repayment. Carried interest income is generally paid to us as particular investments made by the funds are realized. If, however, upon liquidation of a fund, the aggregate amount paid to us as carried interest exceeds the amount actually due to us based upon the aggregate performance of the fund, the excess (in certain cases net of taxes) is required to be returned by us to that fund. For a majority of our capital markets funds, once the annual carried interest income has been determined, there generally is no look-back to prior periods for a potential contingent repayment, however, carried interest income on certain other capital markets funds can be subject to contingent repayment at the end of the life of the fund. We have elected to adopt Method 2 from U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to accounting for management fees based on a formula, and under this method, we accrue carried interest income quarterly based on fair value of the underlying investments and separately assess if contingent repayment is necessary. The determination of carried interest income and contingent repayment considers both the terms of the respective partnership agreements and the current fair value of the underlying investments within the funds. Estimates and assumptions are made when determining the fair value of the underlying investments within the funds and could vary depending on the valuation methodology that is used. Refer to note 16 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for disclosure of the amounts of carried interest income (loss) income from affiliates that was generated from realized versus unrealized losses. See the Valuation of Investments section below for further discussion related to significant estimates and assumptions used for determining fair value of the underlying investments in our capital markets and private equity funds.
Management Fees from Affiliates. The management fees related to our private equity funds are generally based on a fixed percentage of the committed capital or invested capital. The corresponding fee calculations that consider committed capital or invested capital are both objective in nature and therefore do not require the use of significant estimates or assumptions. Management fees related to our capital markets funds, by contrast, can be based on net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments,
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adjusted assets, or capital contributions, all as defined in the respective partnership agreements. The capital markets management fee calculations that consider net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments and adjusted assets, are normally based on the terms of the respective partnership agreements and the current fair value of the underlying investments within the funds. Estimates and assumptions are made when determining the fair value of the underlying investments within the funds and could vary depending on the valuation methodology that is used. See the Valuation of Investments section below for further discussion related to significant estimates and assumptions used for determining fair value of the underlying investments in our capital markets and private equity funds.
Valuation of Investments
Equity Method Investments. For funds over which we exercise significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation, we use the equity method of accounting pursuant to U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to equity method of accounting, whereby we record our share of the underlying income or loss of these funds. As such, our results are based on the reported fair value of the funds as of the reporting date with our pro rata ownership interest of the changes in each funds net asset value reflected in our results of operations.
Pre-Deconsolidation. Prior to the deconsolidation on August 1, 2007 and November 30, 2007, a number of funds were consolidated into Apollos consolidated and combined financial statements. These funds are, for U.S. GAAP purposes, investment companies that apply specialized accounting principles specified by the Investment Company Guide, and reflect their investments on the individual consolidated and combined statement of financial condition at their estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of other income in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. The realized and unrealized gains had a significant impact on our results of operations.
Subsequent to Deconsolidation. Subsequent to deconsolidation of certain funds, our investments in Apollo funds are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, except for AAA and the Metals Trading Fund. The funds we manage, except AAA and the Metals Trading Fund, will impact our carried interest income from affiliates to the extent there is a change in the fair value of the funds underlying investments. The impact on our consolidated and combined statements of operations will only be effected to a certain percentage, typically 20%, of the change in fair value of the funds underlying investments, unless the general partner has a potential obligation to return previously recorded carried interest income in which case there is no effect. Management fees and advisory and transaction fees are impacted to the extent we have additional AUM and more transaction activity. AAA will continue to impact the companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
Private Equity Investments. The majority of the investments within our private equity funds are valued using the market approach, which provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry.
Market Approach. The market approach is driven by current market conditions, including actual trading levels of similar companies and, to the extent available, actual transaction data of similar companies. Judgment is required by management when assessing which companies are similar to the subject company being valued. Consideration may also be given to any of the following factors: (1) the subject companys historical and projected financial data; (2) valuations given to comparable companies; (3) the size and scope of the subject companys operations; (4) the subject companys individual strengths and weaknesses; (5) expectations relating to the markets receptivity to an offering of the subject companys securities; (6) applicable restrictions on transfer; (7) industry and market information; (8) general economic conditions; and (9) other factors deemed relevant. Market approach valuation models typically employ a multiple that is based on one or more of the factors described above. Sources for gaining additional knowledge related to comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. Once a comparable company set is determined, we review certain aspects of the subject companys performance and determine how its performance compares to the group and to certain individuals in the group. We compare certain measurements such as EBITDA margins, revenue growth over certain time periods, leverage ratios, and growth opportunities. In addition, we compare our entry multiple and its relation to the comparable set at the time of acquisition to understand its relation to the comparable set on each measurement date.
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Income Approach. For investments where the market approach does not provide adequate fair value information, we rely on the income approach. The income approach is also used to value investments or validate the market approach within our private equity funds. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology used in the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are significant assumptions related to the subject companys expected results and a calculated discount rate, which is normally based on the subject companys weighted average cost of capital, or WACC. The WACC represents the required rate of return on total capitalization, which is comprised of a required rate of return on equity, plus the current tax-effected rate of return on debt, weighted by the relative percentages of equity and debt that are typical in the industry. The most critical step in determining the appropriate WACC for each subject company is to select companies that are comparable in nature to the subject company. Sources for gaining additional knowledge about the comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. The general formula then used for calculating the WACC considers the after-tax rate of return on debt capital and the rate of return on common equity capital, which further considers the risk-free rate of return, market beta, market risk premium and small stock premium, if applicable. The variables used in the WACC formula are inferred from the comparable market data obtained. The company evaluates the comparable companies selected and concludes on WACC inputs based on the most comparable company or analyzes the range of data for the investment.
The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic) is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the close price on the date of determination.
Apollo utilizes a valuation committee consisting of members from senior management that reviews and approves the valuation results related to our private equity investments. Management also retains an independent valuation firm to provide third-party valuation consulting services to Apollo, which consist of certain limited procedures that management identifies and requests them to perform. The limited procedures provided by the independent valuation firm assist management with validating their valuation results. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
Capital Markets Investments. The investments in our capital markets funds are valued based on valuation models and quoted market prices. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. The capital markets funds also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Changes in value are recorded in income currently. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the credit default contract and the original contract price.
Forwards are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. When determining fair value pricing when an investment is thinly traded or no observable market value exists, the value attributed to an investment is based on the enterprise value at the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of our capital markets investments also may include the market approach and the income approach, as previously described above.
Apollo also utilizes a valuation committee that reviews and approves the valuation results related to our capital markets investments. Management performs various back-testing procedures to validate their valuation approaches, including comparisons between expected and observed outcomes, forecast evaluations and variance analysis.
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The fair values of the investments in our private equity and capital markets funds can be impacted by changes to the assumptions used in the underlying valuation models. For further discussion on the impact of changes to valuation assumptions refer to Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsSensitivity included elsewhere in this prospectus. There have been no material changes to the underlying valuation models during the periods that our financial results are presented.
Valuation of Financial Instruments held by Consolidated VIEs
The consolidated VIEs hold investments that are traded over-the-counter. Investments in securities that are traded on a securities exchange or comparable over-the-counter quotation systems are valued based on the last reported sale price at that date. If no sales of such investments are reported on such date, and in the case of over-the-counter securities or other investments for which the last sale date is not available, valuations are based on independent market quotations obtained from market participants, recognized pricing services or other sources deemed relevant, and the prices are based on the average of the bid and ask prices, or at ascertainable prices at the close of business on such day. Market quotations are generally based on valuation pricing models or market transactions of similar securities adjusted for security-specific factors such as relative capital structure priority and interest and yield risks, among other factors.
The consolidated VIEs also have debt obligations that are recorded at fair value. The valuation approach used to estimate the fair values of debt obligations is the discounted cash flow method, which includes consideration of the cash flows of the debt obligation based on projected quarterly interest payments and quarterly amortization. Debt obligations are discounted based on the appropriate yield curve given the loans respective maturity and credit rating. Management uses its discretion and judgment in considering and appraising relevant factors for determining the valuations of its debt obligations.
Fair Value Option . Apollo has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of the consolidated VIEs. Such election is irrevocable and is applied to financial instruments on an individual basis at initial recognition. Apollo has applied the fair value option for certain corporate loans, other investments and debt obligations held by these entities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value. Refer to note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further disclosure on financial instruments of the consolidated VIEs for which the fair value option has been elected.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of a business, including identifiable intangible assets, as a result of acquired interests in the predecessor businesses pursuant to the Reorganization.
The companys intangible assets with finite lives relate to (i) trade names, (ii) contractual rights to receive future fee income from management and advisory services, and (iii) the contractual rights to earn future carried interest income from the private equity and capital markets funds.
Goodwill. We test goodwill for impairment annually on a reporting unit basis for those entities organized underneath the Apollo Operating Group. See Our Structure for a structure chart of those entities.
In determining the fair value for each reporting unit, we utilize a discounted cash flow methodology based on the adjusted cash flows from operations for each reporting unit. We believe this method provides the best approximation of fair value given the inability to conduct a market approach-based valuation due to the lack of public companies available that are comparable to each reporting unit. The discounted cash flow methodology requires managements judgment and assumptions which include, but are not limited to, long-term projections of future financial performance, the selection of appropriate discount rates used to present value estimated future cash flows, and perpetual growth rates for periods beyond the long-term projection period. Discount rates are
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determined by examining the projected cash flow of each reporting unit and selecting a market participant rate of return that matches the risk characteristics of that reporting units estimated future cash flow. Such discount rates reflect the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the risks inherent in the estimated future cash flows for each reporting unit.
Intangible Assets. We amortize our finite-life intangible assets over their estimated lives using the straight-line method in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to intangible assets. The amortization periods assigned to finite-life intangible assets are expected to range between 2 and 20 years and are included in note 3 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. No intangible assets with indefinite-lives were identified as of June 30, 2010.
No impairments were identified in goodwill and finite-life intangible assets as of June 30, 2010 or in prior periods. We have determined that the estimated fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeds the carrying value. However, a prolonged period of weakness in the Apollo funds performance or in our ability to earn income from management and advisory fees, and carried interest income could adversely impact our businesses and impair the value of our goodwill and/or finite-life intangible assets.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and benefits include salaries, bonuses, profit sharing plans and the amortization of equity-based compensation. Bonuses are accrued over the service period. From time to time, the company may distribute profits interests as a result of waived management fees to its investment professionals, which are considered compensation. Additionally, certain employees have arrangements whereby they are entitled to receive a percentage of carried interest income based on the funds performance. To the extent that individuals are entitled to a percentage of the carried interest income and such entitlement is subject to potential forfeiture at inception, such arrangements are accounted for as profit sharing plans, and compensation expense is recognized as the related carried interest income is recognized.
Equity-based compensation is accounted for under U.S. GAAP, whereby the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments is generally measured based on the grant date fair value of the award. Equity-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Equity-based employee awards that require future service are recognized over the relevant service period. Further, as required under U.S. GAAP, the company estimates forfeitures using industry comparables or historical trends for equity-based awards that are not expected to vest. Apollos equity-based compensation awards consist of, or provide rights with respect to Apollo Operating Group units, RSUs, AAA RDUs and ARI Restricted Stock. The companys assumptions made to determine the fair value on grant date and the estimated forfeiture rate are embodied in the calculations of compensation expense.
Our compensation expense related to our profit sharing payable is a result of agreements with our contributing partners and employees to compensate them based on the ownership interest they have in the general partners of the Apollo funds. Therefore, any movements in the fair value of the underlying investments in the funds we manage and advise affect the profit sharing payable. As of June 30, 2010, our total private equity investments were approximately $17.0 billion. The contributing partners and employees are allocated approximately 30% to 50% of the total carried interest income and changes in fair value of the underlying funds investments related to these individuals is treated as compensation expense.
Another significant part of our compensation expense is derived from amortization of the Apollo Operating Group units subject to forfeiture by our managing partners and contributing partners. The estimated fair value was determined and recognized over the forfeiture period on a straight-line basis. We have estimated a 0% and 3% forfeiture rate for our managing partners and contributing partners, respectively, based on the companys historical attrition rate for this level of staff as well as industry comparable rates. If either the managing partners or contributing partners are no longer associated with Apollo or if there is no turn over, we will revise our estimated compensation expense to the actual amount of expense based on the units vested at the balance sheet date in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
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Additionally, the value of the Apollo Operating Group units have been reduced to reflect the transfer restrictions imposed on units issued to the managing partners and contributing partners as well as the lack of rights to participate in future Apollo Global Management, LLC equity offerings. These awards have the following characteristics:
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Awards granted to the managing partners (i) are not permitted to be sold to any parties outside of the Apollo Global Management, LLC control group and transfer restrictions lapse pro rata during the forfeiture period over 60 or 72 months, and (ii) allow the managing partners to initiate a change in control. |
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Awards granted to the contributing partners (i) are not permitted to be sold or transferred to any parties except to the Apollo Global Management, LLC control group and (ii) the transfer restriction period lapses over six years (which is longer than the forfeiture period which lapses ratably over 60 months). |
As noted above, the Apollo Operating Group units issued to the managing partners and contributing partners have different restrictions which affect the liquidity of and the discounts applied to each grant.
We utilized the Finnerty Model to calculate a discount on the Apollo Operating Group units granted to the contributing partners. The Finnerty Model provides for a valuation discount reflecting the holding period restriction embedded in a restricted stock preventing its sale over a certain period of time. Along with the Finnerty Model we applied adjustments to account for the existence of liquidity clauses specific to contributing partner units and a minority interest consideration as compared to units sold through the Strategic Investor transaction. The combination of these adjustments yielded a fair value estimate of the Apollo Operating Group units granted to the contributing partners.
The Finnerty Model proposes to estimate a discount for lack of marketability such as transfer restrictions by using an option pricing theory. This model has gained recognition through its ability to address the magnitude of the discount by considering the volatility of a companys stock price and the length of restriction. The concept underpinning the Finnerty Model is that restricted stock cannot be sold over a certain period of time. Further simplified, a restricted share of equity in a company can be viewed as having forfeited a put on the average price of the marketable equity over the restriction period (also known as an Asian Put Option). If we price an Asian Put Option and compare this value to that of the assumed fully marketable underlying stock, we can effectively estimate the marketability discount.
The assumptions utilized in the model were (i) length of holding period, (ii) volatility, (iii) dividend yield and (iv) risk free rate. Our assumptions were as follows:
(i) | We assumed a maximum two year holding period. |
(ii) | We concluded based on industry peers, that our volatility annualized would be approximately 40%. |
(iii) | We assumed no dividends. |
(iv) | We assumed a 4.88% risk free rate based on U.S. Treasuries with a two year maturity. |
For the contributing partners grants, the Finnerty Model calculation, as detailed above, yielded a marketability discount of 25%. This marketability discount, along with adjustments to account for the existence of liquidity clauses and consideration of non-controlling interests as compared to units sold through the Strategic Investor transaction, resulted in an overall discount for these grants of 29%.
We determined a 14% discount for the grants to the managing partners based on the equity value per share of $24. We determined that the value of the grants to the managing partners was supported by the recent sale of an identical security to the CS Investor at $24 per share. Based on an equity value per share of $24, the implied discount for the grants to the managing partners was 14%. The contributing partners yielded a larger overall discount of 29%, as they are unable to cause a change in control of Apollo. This results in a lower fair value estimate, as their units have fewer beneficial features than those of the managing partners.
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Income Taxes
Apollo has historically operated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and primarily corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As a result, income has not been subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by these entities represent obligations of the individual partners and members and have not been reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Income taxes presented on the consolidated and combined statements of operations are attributable to the New York City unincorporated business tax and income taxes on certain entities located in non-U.S. jurisdictions.
Following the Reorganization, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries continue to operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. Federal income purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases continue to be subject to New York City unincorporated business tax, or in the case of non-U.S. entities, to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, APO Corp. is subject to Federal, state and local corporate income taxes at the entity level and these taxes are reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis using currently enacted tax rates. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period when the change is enacted. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The company follows U.S. GAAP applicable to fair value measurements, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
Level IQuoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The type of investments included in Level I include listed equities and listed derivatives. As required by U.S. GAAP, the company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where the company holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.
Level IIPricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs.
Level IIIPricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Investments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partnership interests in corporate private equity and real estate funds, mezzanine funds, funds of hedge funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and collateralized debt obligations where the fair value is based on observable inputs as well as unobservable inputs.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investments level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The companys assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the investment where the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.
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The following table summarizes the valuation of Apollos investments in fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level III | ||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Investment in AAA Investments |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||
Investment in the Metals Trading Fund |
| 40,034 | ||||
Total |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | ||
The changes in investments of AAA Investments measured at fair value that the company has characterized as Level III investments are:
For the Three Months
Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, 2010 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,437,947 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | ||||||
Purchases |
286 | 343 | 4,121 | |||||||||
Proceeds |
(16,991 | ) | (16,991 | ) | (5,497 | ) | ||||||
Change in unrealized (losses) gains |
(9,961 | ) | 102,990 | 471,873 | ||||||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||
The following table summarizes the changes in the investment in the Metals Trading Fund, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three Months
Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, 2010 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 38,804 | $ | 40,034 | $ | | |||||
Purchases |
| | 40,000 | ||||||||
Proceeds |
(37,760 | ) (1) | (37,760 | ) (1) | | ||||||
Change in unrealized (losses) gains |
(1,044 | ) | (2,274 | ) | 34 | ||||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | | $ | | $ | 40,034 | |||||
(1) | Refer to note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a discussion regarding consolidation of the Metals Trading Fund. |
The above changes in unrealized gains (losses) have been recorded within the caption Net gains (losses) from investment activities on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and the consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009.
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The following table summarizes a look through of the companys Level III investments by valuation methodology of the underlying investments held by AAA Investments:
Private Equity | ||||||||||||||
June
30,
2010 |
December
31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||
% of
Investment of AAA |
% of
Investment of AAA |
|||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Approximate values based on net asset value of the underlying funds, which are based on the funds underlying investments that are valued using the following: |
||||||||||||||
Comparable company and industry multiples |
$ | 586,349 | 36.8 | % | $ | 527,105 | 33.2 | % | ||||||
Discounted cash flow models |
545,912 | 34.3 | 480,100 | 30.2 | ||||||||||
Broker quotes |
399,868 | 25.1 | 440,344 | 27.8 | ||||||||||
Options models |
2,100 | 0.1 | 14,000 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
Listed quotes |
33,073 | 2.1 | 40,447 | 2.6 | ||||||||||
Other net assets (liabilities) (1) |
24,880 | 1.6 | 83,514 | 5.3 | ||||||||||
Total Investments |
1,592,182 | 100.0 | % | 1,585,510 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Other Net Assets (Liabilities) (2) |
(180,901 | ) | (260,571 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Net Assets |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||||||
(1) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of certain funds that AAA Investments has invested in. Other assets and liabilities at the fund level primarily includes cash and cash equivalents, broker receivables and payables and amounts due to and from affiliates. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities, and accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
(2) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of AAA Investments, and are primarily comprised of $537.5 million and $650.0 million in long-term debt, offset by cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities (except for debt), and accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
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The following table summarizes the valuation of Apollos consolidated VIEs in fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level III investments include corporate loan and corporate bond investments held by the consolidated VIEs, while the Level III liabilities consist of notes and loans, the valuations for which are discussed further in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Level II liabilities include derivative investments that are valued using broker quotes.
The following table summarizes the changes in investments of consolidated VIEs, which are measured at fair value and characterized as Level III investments:
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,121,723 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 1,102,114 | ||||||
Purchases |
313,485 | 371,240 | ||||||
Sales of investments |
(24,128 | ) | (82,972 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on investments |
819 | 186 | ||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments |
(36,478 | ) | (15,147 | ) | ||||
Elimination of equity investment attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,374,367 | $ | 1,374,367 | ||||
The following table summarizes the changes in liabilities of consolidated VIEs, which are measured at fair value and characterized as Level III liabilities:
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 702,298 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 706,027 | ||||||
Borrowings |
320,154 | 320,154 | ||||||
Repayment |
(3,794 | ) | (17,239 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on debt |
(681 | ) | (1,679 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized (gains) losses on debt |
(10,375 | ) | 339 | |||||
Elimination of equity investments attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,006,548 | $ | 1,006,548 | ||||
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our predominant exposure to market risk is related to our role as investment manager for our funds and the sensitivity to movements in the fair value of their investments and resulting impact on carried interest income and management fee revenues. Our direct investments in the funds also expose us to market risk whereby movements in the fair values of the underlying investments will increase or decrease both net gains (losses) from investment activities and income (loss) from equity method investments. For a discussion of the impact of market risk factors on our financial instruments refer to Critical Accounting PoliciesConsolidationValuation of Investments.
The fair value of our financial assets and liabilities of our funds may fluctuate in response to changes in the value of investments, foreign exchange, commodities and interest rates. The net effect of these fair value changes impacts the gains and losses from investments in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. However, the majority of these fair value changes are absorbed by the Non-Controlling Interests.
Risks are analyzed across funds from the bottom up and from the top down with a particular focus on asymmetric risk. We gather and analyze data, monitor investments and markets in detail, and constantly strive to better quantify, qualify and circumscribe relevant risks.
Each segment runs its own investment and risk management process subject to our overall risk tolerance and philosophy:
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The investment process of our private equity funds involves a detailed analysis of potential acquisitions, and asset management teams assigned to monitor the strategic development, financing and capital deployment decisions of each portfolio investment. |
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Our capital markets funds continuously monitor a variety of markets for attractive trading opportunities, applying a number of traditional and customized risk management metrics to analyze risk related to specific assets or portfolios, as well as, fund-wide risks. |
Impact on Management Fees Our management fees are based on one of the following:
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capital commitments to an Apollo fund; |
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capital invested in an Apollo fund; or |
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the gross, net or adjusted asset value of an Apollo fund, as defined. |
Management fees could be impacted by changes in market risk factors and management could consider an investment permanently impaired as a result of (i) such market risk factors cause changes in invested capital or in market values to below cost, in the case of our private equity funds and certain capital markets funds, or (ii) such market risk factors cause changes in gross or net asset value, for the capital markets funds. The proportion of our management fees that are based on NAV is dependent on the number and types of our funds in existence and the current stage of each funds life cycle.
Impact on Advisory and Transaction Fees We earn transaction fees relating to the negotiation of private equity and capital markets transactions and may obtain reimbursement for certain out-of-pocket expenses incurred. Subsequently, on a quarterly or annual basis, ongoing advisory fees, and additional transaction fees in connection with additional purchases or follow-on transactions, may be earned. Management Fee Offsets and any broken deal costs are reflected as a reduction to advisory and transaction fees from affiliates. Advisory and transaction fees will be impacted by changes in market risk factors to the extent that they limit our opportunities to engage in private equity and capital markets transactions or impair our ability to consummate such transactions. The impact of changes in market risk factors on advisory and transaction fees is not readily predicted or estimated.
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Impact on Carried Interest Income We earn carried interest income from our funds as a result of such funds achieving specified performance criteria. Our carried interest income will be impacted by changes in market risk factors. However, several major factors will influence the degree of impact:
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the performance criteria for each individual fund in relation to how that funds results of operations are impacted by changes in market risk factors; |
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whether such performance criteria are annual or over the life of the fund; |
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to the extent applicable, the previous performance of each fund in relation to its performance criteria; and |
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whether each funds carried interest income is subject to contingent repayment. |
As a result, the impact of changes in market risk factors on carried interest income will vary widely from fund to fund. The impact is heavily dependent on the prior and future performance of each fund, and therefore is not readily predicted or estimated.
Market Risk We are directly and indirectly affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk generally represents the risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues and expenses will be adversely affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk is inherent in each of our investments and activities, including equity investments, loans, short-term borrowings, long-term debt, hedging instruments, credit default swaps, and derivatives. Just a few of the market conditions that may shift from time to time, thereby exposing us to market risk, include fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity prices, changes in the implied volatility of interest rates and price deterioration. For example, subsequent to the second quarter of 2007, the debt capital markets around the world began to experience significant dislocation, severely limiting the availability of new credit to facilitate new traditional buyouts. Volatility in the debt and equity markets can impact our pace of capital deployment, the timing of receipt of transaction fee revenues, and the timing of realizations. These market conditions could have an impact on the value of investments and our rates of return. Accordingly, depending on the instruments or activities impacted, market risks can have wide ranging, complex adverse affects on our results from operations and our overall financial condition. We monitor our market risk using certain strategies and methodologies which management evaluates periodically for appropriateness. We intend to continue to monitor this risk going forward and continue to monitor our exposure to all market factors.
Interest Rate Risk Interest rate risk represents exposure we have to instruments whose values vary with the change in interest rates. These instruments include, but are not limited to, loans, borrowings and derivative instruments. We may seek to mitigate risks associated with the exposures by taking offsetting positions in derivative contracts. Hedging instruments allow us to seek to mitigate risks by reducing the effect of movements in the level of interest rates, changes in the shape of the yield curve, as well as, changes in interest rate volatility. Hedging instruments used to mitigate these risks may include related derivatives such as options, futures and swaps.
Credit Risk Certain of our funds are subject to certain inherent risks through their investments.
Certain of our entities invest substantially all of their excess cash in open-end money market funds and money market demand accounts, which are included in cash and cash equivalents. The money market funds invest primarily in government securities and other short-term, highly liquid instruments with a low risk of loss. We continually monitor the funds performance in order to manage any risk associated with these investments.
Certain of our entities hold derivatives instruments that contain an element of risk in the event that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of such agreements. We minimize our risk exposure by limiting the counterparties with which we enter into contracts to banks and investment banks who meet established credit and capital guidelines. We do not expect any counterparty to default on its obligations and therefore do not expect to incur any loss due to counterparty default.
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Foreign Exchange Risk Foreign exchange risk represents exposures we have to changes in the values of current holdings and future cash flows denominated in other currencies and investments in non-U.S. companies. The types of investments exposed to this risk include investments in foreign subsidiaries, foreign currency-denominated loans, foreign currency-denominated transactions, and various foreign exchange derivative instruments whose values fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates or foreign interest rates. Instruments used to mitigate this risk are foreign exchange options, currency swaps, futures and forwards. These instruments may be used to help insulate us against losses that may arise due to volatile movements in foreign exchange rates and/or interest rates.
Non-U.S. Operations We conduct business throughout the world and are continuing to expand into foreign markets. We currently have offices in London, Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Mumbai, Hong Kong and Singapore, and have been strategically growing our international presence. Our investments and revenues are primarily derived from our U.S. operations. With respect to our non-U.S. operations, we are subject to risk of loss from currency fluctuations, social instability, changes in governmental policies or policies of central banks, expropriation, nationalization, unfavorable political and diplomatic developments and changes in legislation relating to non-U.S. ownership. We also invest in the securities of corporations which are located in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As we continue to expand globally, we will continue to focus on minimizing these risk factors as they relate to specific non-U.S. investments.
Our assets and unrealized gains, and our related equity and net income are sensitive to changes in the valuations of our funds underlying investments and could vary materially as a result of changes in our valuation assumptions and estimates. See Critical Accounting PoliciesValuation of Investments for details related to the valuation methods that are used and the key assumptions and estimates employed by such methods. We also quantify the Level III investments that are included on our consolidated and combined statements of financial condition by valuation methodology in Fair Value Measurements. We employ a variety of valuation methods of which no single methodology is used to value our consolidated investments more than any other methodology. Furthermore, the investments that we manage but are not on our consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, and therefore impact carried interest, also employ a variety of valuation methods of which no single methodology is used more than any other. A 10% change in any single key assumption or estimate that is employed by any of the valuation methodologies that we use will not have a material impact on our financial results. As described in Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, changes in fair value will have the following impacts before a reduction of profit sharing expense and Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group and on a pre-tax basis on our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
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Management fees from the funds in our capital markets segment are based on the net asset value of the relevant fund, gross assets, capital commitments or invested capital, each as defined in the respective management agreements. Changes in the fair values of the investments in capital markets funds that earn management fees based on net asset value or gross assets will have a direct impact on the amount of management fees that are earned. Management fees from our capital markets funds that were dependent upon estimated fair value during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease by approximately $8.0 million and $11.3 million, respectively, after assuming that the fair values of the investments held by such funds were 10% lower during the same respective periods. |
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Management fees for our private equity funds range from 0.65% to 1.5% and are charged on either (a) a fixed percentage of committed capital over a stated investment period or (b) a fixed percentage of invested capital of unrealized portfolio investments. Changes in values of investments could indirectly affect future management fees from private equity funds by, among other things, reducing the funds access to capital or liquidity and their ability to currently pay the management fees or if such change resulted in a write-down of investments below their associated invested capital. |
210
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Management fees earned from AAA and its affiliates range between 1.0% and 1.25% of AAA adjusted assets, defined as invested capital plus proceeds of any borrowings of AAA Investments, plus its cumulative distributable earnings at the end of each quarterly period (taking into account actual distributions but excluding the management fees relating to the period or any non-cash equity compensation expense), net of any amount AAA pays for the repurchase of limited partner interests, as well as capital invested in Apollo funds and temporary investments and any distributable earnings attributable thereto. Management fees earned from AAA Investments during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease by approximately $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively, if the fair values of the investments held by AAA Investments were 10% lower during the same respective periods. |
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Carried interest income from most of our capital markets funds, which are quantified above under Results of Operations and Segment Analysis, are impacted directly by changes in the fair value of their investments. Carried interest income from most of our capital markets funds generally is earned based on achieving specified performance criteria. We anticipate that a 10% decline in the fair values of investments held by all of the capital markets funds at December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease consolidated carried interest income for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 by approximately $55.2 million and zero, respectively. A 10% decline in fair value would not impact carried interest income from our capital markets segment during the year ended December 31, 2008 as the related funds fell below their respective high water marks. Additionally, the changes to carried interest income from most of our capital markets business assume there is no loss in the fund for the relevant period. If the fund had a loss for the period, no carried interest income would be earned by us. By contrast, a 10% increase in fair value would increase consolidated carried interest income for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 by approximately $74.3 million and zero, respectively. |
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Carried interest income from private equity funds generally is earned based on achieving specified performance criteria and is impacted by changes in the fair value of their fund investments. We anticipate that a 10% decline in the fair values of investments held by all of the private equity funds at December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease consolidated carried interest income for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 by $130.8 million and $40.5 million, respectively. The effects on private equity fees and income assume that a decrease in value does not cause a permanent write-down of investments below their associated invested capital. |
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For select Apollo funds, our share of investment income as a limited partner in such funds is derived from unrealized gains or losses on investments in funds included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. For funds in which we have an interest, but are not included in our consolidated and combined financial statements, our share of investment income is limited to our accrued compensation units and direct investments in the funds, which ranges from 0.006% to 14.2%. A 10% decline in the fair value of investments at December 31, 2009 and 2008 would result in an approximately $18.9 million and $10.4 million, respectively, decrease in investment income at the consolidated level. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
A list of recent accounting pronouncements that are relevant to Apollo and its industry are included in note 2 to our condensed consolidated and combined financial statements, included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of business, we engage in off-balance sheet arrangements, including transactions in derivatives, guarantees, commitments, indemnifications and potential contingent repayment obligations. See note 15 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, for a discussion of guarantees and contingent obligations.
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Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies
As of June 30, 2010, the companys material contractual obligations consist of lease obligations, contractual commitments as part of the ongoing operations of the funds and debt obligations. In addition, on a historical basis, the company had the contractual obligations of the consolidated funds while the capital commitments to these funds were substantially eliminated in consolidation. Fixed and determinable payments due in connection with these obligations are as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations |
$ | 13,846 | $ | 23,193 | $ | 23,074 | $ | 22,623 | $ | 22,085 | $ | 51,442 | $ | 156,263 | |||||||
Other long-term obligations (1) |
9,980 | 12,485 | 6,435 | 3,632 | 2,423 | 2,423 | 37,378 | ||||||||||||||
AMH credit facility (2) |
11,929 | 21,406 | 17,887 | 15,636 | 913,873 | | 980,731 | ||||||||||||||
CIT master loan agreement |
1,097 | 2,158 | 2,111 | 20,766 | | | 26,132 | ||||||||||||||
Total Obligations as of
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$ | 36,852 | $ | 59,242 | $ | 49,507 | $ | 62,657 | $ | 938,381 | $ | 53,865 | $ | 1,200,504 | |||||||
(1) | Includes (i) payments on management service agreements related to certain assets and (ii) payments with respect to certain consulting agreements entered into by Apollo Investment Consulting, LLC. Note that a significant portion of these costs are reimbursable by funds or portfolio companies. |
(2) | The AMH credit facility matures in April 2014. Amounts represent estimated interest payments until the loan matures using an estimated weighted average annual interest rate of 2.07%, which includes the effects of the interest rate swap described in note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Note: | Due to the fact that the timing of certain amounts to be paid cannot be determined or for other reasons discussed below, the following contractual commitments have not been presented in the table above. |
(i) | Amounts do not include the senior secured revolving credit facility entered into by AAAs investment vehicle, of which $537.5 million was utilized as of June 30, 2010. The credit facility matures on May 31, 2012. AAA is consolidated by the company in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The company does not guarantee and has no legal obligation to repay amounts outstanding under the credit facility. Accordingly, the $537.5 million outstanding balance was excluded from the table above. |
(ii) | As noted previously, we have entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay to our managing partners and contributing partners 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. The tax savings achieved may not ensure that we have sufficient cash available to pay this liability and we might be required to incur additional debt to satisfy this liability. |
(iii) | Debt amounts related to the consolidated VIEs are not presented in the table above as the company is not a guarantor of these non-recourse liabilities. |
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The transaction is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2010.
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Contingent Obligations Carried interest income in both private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative carried interest recognized in income to date. If all of the existing investments and receivables from these investments were liquidated at zero values, the amounts of cumulative revenues that have been recognized by Apollo through June 30, 2010 that would be reversed approximates $615.6 million. Management views the possibility of liquidating all existing investments at zero values as remote. Carried interest is affected by changes in the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds that we manage. Valuations, on an unrealized basis, can be significantly affected by a variety of external factors such as bond yields and industry trading multiples. Movements in these items can affect valuations quarter to quarter even if the underlying business fundamentals remain stable. The table below indicates only the potential future reversal of carried interest income.
June 30, 2010 | |||
(in thousands) | |||
Fund IV |
$ | 97,500 | |
Fund V |
287,457 | ||
Fund VII |
153,646 | ||
COF I |
51,472 | ||
COF II |
25,507 | ||
$ | 615,582 | ||
Note: | EPF has not incurred or paid carried interest as of June 30, 2010, and the company has a $13.1 million liability in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. |
Additionally, at the end of the life of the funds there could be a payment due to a fund by the company if the company has received more carried interest than was ultimately earned. The current estimate of the General Partner obligation for carried interest previously distributed at June 30, 2010 is $13.1 million, as discussed in Due to Private Equity Funds in note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The General Partner obligation amount, if any, will depend on final realized values of investments at the end of the life of the fund.
Certain private equity and capital markets funds are not generating carried interest income due to unrealized and realized losses in the current and prior reporting periods. In certain cases, carried interest income will not be generated until additional unrealized and realized gains occur. Any appreciation would first cover the deductions for invested capital, unreturned organizational expenses, operating expenses, management fees and priority returns based on the terms of the respective fund agreements.
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Overview
Asset management involves the management of investments on behalf of investors in exchange for a fee, and often cases include incentive income based upon the financial performance of investments. Asset managers employ a variety of investment strategies, which fall into two broad categories: traditional asset management and alternative asset management. The key differences between traditional asset managers and alternative asset managers primarily relate to investment strategies, return objectives, compensation structure and investor access to funds.
Traditional asset managers, such as mutual fund managers, engage in managing and trading investment portfolios of equity, fixed income, derivative securities and commodities. The investment objectives of these portfolios may include total return, capital appreciation, current income and/or replicating the performance of a particular index. Managers of such portfolios are compensated on a predetermined fee based on a percentage of the assets under management, generally substantially independent of performance. Performance measurement of traditional funds is typically against given benchmark market indices and peer groups over various time periods. Investors in traditional funds generally have unrestricted access to their funds either through market transactions in the case of closed-end mutual funds and exchange traded funds, or through withdrawals in the case of open-end mutual funds and separately managed accounts.
Alternative asset managers such as managers of hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds, real estate funds, mezzanine funds and distressed investment funds, utilize a variety of investment strategies to achieve returns within certain stipulated risk parameters and investment criteria. These returns are evaluated on an absolute basis, rather than benchmarked in relation to an index. The compensation structure for alternative asset managers may include management fees on committed or contributed capital, transaction and advisory fees as capital is invested (typically for private equity funds) and carried interest or incentive fees tied to achieving certain absolute return hurdles. Unlike traditional asset managers, alternative asset managers may limit investors access to funds once committed or invested until the investments have been realized.
The asset management industry has experienced significant growth in worldwide assets under management in the past decade, fueled by growth in pension assets and savings globally. According to the Boston Consulting Group, as cited in their July 2009 report, Conquering the CrisisGlobal Asset Management 2009 (Copyright, The Boston Consulting Group, Inc. 2009), the total value of assets under management globally reached an estimated $48.6 trillion in 2008, an 18% decline from 2007. This sharp decline followed average growth of 12% per year from 2002 through 2007. According to the Winter 2009-10 Global Private Equity Barometer published by Coller Capital, which polled 108 private equity investors from around the world, by the end of 2010, 31% of North American investors are likely to have total commitments in excess of their target private equity allocations, with only one quarter of North American investors and one third of European investors expecting their actual percentage of total assets invested in private equity to be lower than their target by the end of 2010.
Private Equity
Private equity funds raise pools of capital from institutional investors, such as insurance companies and pension and endowment funds, as well as high net worth individuals. These funds typically seek to acquire controlling or influential ownership interests in businesses. Private equity funds typically invest in the common equity or preferred stock of private and sometimes those of public companies.
Private equity funds are typically structured as unregistered limited partnership funds with terms of typically eight to ten years, and can contain provisions to extend the life of the fund under certain circumstances. Investors in private equity funds provide a commitment to the fund that is called by the fund as investments are made and equity capital is required. Private equity fund managers typically are compensated as follows: (i) management
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fees based on the amount of invested or committed capital, (ii) transaction and advisory fees as capital is invested and portfolio companies are managed and (iii) a carried interest in the profits of the fund, which is often subject to a preferred return for investors, or hurdle.
The objective of a private equity fund is to earn attractive returns on its investment commensurate with the risk being taken. The returns come either in the form of capital gains upon realization of the funds underlying investments, or in the form of income, such as interest, dividends or fees. Private equity funds aim to realize their capital gain on an underlying business by either selling the business or selling its shares in the public markets. Since time is required to implement the value growth strategy for the business, private equity investments tend to be held for three or more years, although typical hold periods vary according to market conditions.
Private equity funds may seek to enhance returns through the use of financial leverage, which led to the term leveraged buyout, or LBO. In the course of acquiring a business, a private equity fund will utilize capital that it has raised from its investors to pay for a portion of the transaction value and will typically borrow the remaining proceeds. In leveraged buyouts, the borrowings typically constitute the majority of funds used to pay the transaction value, generally ranging from 60% to 80% of the purchase price.
Prior to the current global economic downturn, global private equity activity had increased significantly in recent years. According to Thomson Financial as of September 10, 2010, European LBO volume set a new record in 2006 at $234 billion but recorded lower volume in 2007 of $154 billion; additionally, Europe surpassed the U.S. market in buyout activity in 2008 with $52 billion in volume compared to the U.S. markets $35 billion. Both the U.S. and Europe recorded lower LBO levels in 2009 of $18 billion and $20 billion, respectively, with the U.S. on pace for higher levels in 2010 with $46 billion already completed through September 10, 2010. The same source indicates that in 2006 the Asia-Pacific region increased its LBO volume significantly to reach $20 billion, though 2007 Asia-Pacific LBO volume was down from that record high to $6 billion with 2008 volume further declining to $3 billion but had a minor recovery in 2009 of $4 billion. Conditions in the debt markets had been very favorable in 2006 through the first half of 2007; however, beginning in the second half of 2007, the markets experienced a serious contraction in the availability of debt financing for traditional LBO transactions resulting in a significant decline of such transactions in 2008 and the first half of 2009. The use of leverage increases both the potential risk and potential reward of investments, including assets purchased in LBOs. The chart below shows global LBO volume from 2000 through September 10, 2010.
Global LBO Volume ($ billions)
Source: Thomson Financial as of September 2010
Over the past two decades, from 1989 to 2009, the upper quartile of private equity funds has, in the aggregate, outperformed the S&P 500 Index by about 19.3% per year net of management fees, partnership expenses and fund managers carried interest, according to Thomson Financial. In 2005 through 2007, U.S. buyout and mezzanine inflows experienced significant growth, with more money raised in each of these three years than the cumulative funds raised in the previous three years, according to Thomson Financial (Buyouts
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Magazine, January 7, 2008). More recently, however, private equity and mezzanine fundraising has experienced a significant slowdown as institutional investors have become over-allocated to alternative investments as a result of declines in the overall values of their public portfolios, which has exceeded the decline in value of their private investments as well as a reduction in the value of cash realizations from their investments in private equity, mezzanine and real estate funds.
As displayed in the chart below, the pace of private equity fundraising had accelerated dramatically in the past few years prior to the current global economic downturn. The duration and impact of the current economic environment on private equity and mezzanine fundraising in the future is unknown.
U.S. LBO and Mezzanine Fundraising ($ billions)
Source: Thomson Financial (Various issues of Buyouts Magazine)
Record fundraising, together with historically high levels of liquidity in the debt capital markets, was a key driver of large private equity transactions. The scope of transaction size and complexity has also grown, often requiring several private equity firms to form a consortium to acquire a specific target. The above source reports that in 2007 alone, there were six completed LBOs with transaction values exceeding $20 billion. According to Thomson Financial as of September 10, 2010, private equity transactions increasingly comprised a larger percentage of total merger and acquisition transaction dollar volume, with financial sponsor activity reaching 19.4% of U.S. volume in 2007, particularly as large public-to-private transactions had become more prevalent. However, the same source indicates a decrease in financial sponsor activity in the wake of recent credit turmoil as LBO transactions represented only 2.5% of U.S. merger and acquisition transaction dollar volume in 2009, respectively. As a result, private equity fund managers are focused on managing their existing portfolio companies and are evaluating non-control transactions such as private investments in public equity, or PIPE. According to PrivateRaises PIPE Market Blurb, there have been approximately 3,368 PIPEs since the beginning of 2008 with over $177 billion of capital invested.
Mezzanine Funds
Mezzanine funds are investment vehicles that invest primarily in mezzanine securities, typically high-yielding long-term subordinated loans or preferred stock that may include an equity component or feature, such as warrants or co-investment rights, to enhance returns for the lender. Mezzanine lending is related to the volume of financial sponsor-driven transactions. This form of financing is most frequently utilized in the buyout of middle-market and smaller public companies.
There are several factors that are commonly believed to have contributed to the expansion of mezzanine investing over the past decade. The broad-based consolidation of the U.S. financial services industry over the past two decades has significantly reduced the number of FDIC-insured financial institutions. In recent years, this is believed to have caused many senior lenders to de-emphasize their service and product offerings to middle market businesses in favor of lending to larger corporate clients and managing larger capital markets transactions. As a result, many middle-market firms have faced increased difficulty raising debt from commercial
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lenders, thus creating demand for alternative sources of financing such as mezzanine debt financing. Additionally, over the past several years, the availability of large pools of capital has increased as mutual funds, private equity funds and hedge funds have all experienced significant growth. In particular, we believe that there is a considerable amount of un-invested private equity capital that will seek mezzanine capital to support investments in middle market companies being made by the private equity capital.
Given the fragmented nature of the mezzanine market, capital providers of mezzanine financing include a broad array of companies. Early mezzanine lenders include traditional investment management firms, investment arms of major companies and insurance companies. Growth in demand for such capital has encouraged various capital providers to enter this market over the last decade, including private equity firms, hedge funds, high-yield debt investors, business development companies and investment banks with dedicated mezzanine funds.
Distressed Funds
Distressed funds typically engage in the purchase or short sale of securities of companies where the price has been, or is expected to be, affected by a distressed situation. This may involve reorganizations, bankruptcies, distressed sales or other corporate restructurings. Investment opportunities arise in the market for distressed securities because holders of previously sound instruments find themselves in possession of creditor claims of uncertain value and, therefore, under pressure to dispose of them.
Investments are made for both the short-and long-term and are both active and passive with respect to participation in restructuring and company operations. In a distressed buyout, the investor works proactively through the restructuring process to equitize its debt position and gain control of the company with the objective of achieving a large return via a turnaround. A second strategy, more common among hedge funds, is to hold a position in a distressed debt security with the expectation that improved performance will lead to a run-up in the price of the debt instrument that will result in high short-term internal rate of return.
The chart below from the Second Quarter 2010 HFR Industry Report shows that the distressed investing industry experienced increased net asset flow during the recessionary period of 2002, during which stock market valuations were relatively depressed, there was an increase in the number of corporate distressed sellers of assets who needed to raise cash and company earnings had decreased. However, in light of the current global economic downturn, which is more severe than the one experienced in 2002, the distressed investing industry experienced declines in net asset flows in both 2008 and 2009, but the trend has started to reverse in 2010.
Estimated Growth of Assets/ Net Asset Flow Distressed / Restructuring ($ billions)
Source: HFR Industry Reports © HFR, Inc., Second Quarter 2010, www.hedgefundresearch.com
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Hedge Funds
Hedge funds are privately held and unregistered investment vehicles managed with the primary aim of delivering positive risk-adjusted returns under various market conditions. Hedge funds differ from traditional asset managers such as mutual funds by the asset classes in which they invest and/or the investment strategies they employ. Asset classes in which hedge funds invest may include liquid and illiquid securities, asset-backed securities, pools of loans and bonds or other financial assets. Hedge funds also employ a variety of strategies that may include short selling, equity long-short convertible arbitrage, fixed income arbitrage, merger arbitrage, event-driven, global macro and other quantitative strategies. The strategies may employ use of leverage, hedges, swaps and other derivative instruments.
Hedge funds are typically structured as limited partnerships, limited liability companies or offshore corporations. Hedge fund managers earn a base management fee typically based on the net asset value of the fund and incentive fees based on a percentage of the funds profits. Some hedge funds set a hurdle rate under which the fund manager does not earn an incentive fee until the funds performance exceeds a benchmark rate. Another feature common to hedge funds is the high water mark under which a fund manager does not earn incentive fees until the net asset value exceeds the highest historical value on which incentive fees were last paid. Typical investors include high net worth individuals and institutions. These investors can invest and withdraw funds periodically in accordance with the terms of the funds, which may include lock-up periods on withdrawals. Hedge fund managers often commit a portion of their own capital in the funds they manage to align their interests with the investors.
According to the Second Quarter 2010 HFR Industry Report, as of June 30, 2010, there were 9,083 hedge funds in existence globally. The same report shows global assets under management in the hedge fund industry have grown by approximately 21% annually since 1990 to exceed $1.6 trillion at June 30, 2010. Net asset inflows in 2007 increased to a record high of $195 billion, but reversed course in 2008 and 2009 with net asset outflows of $154 billion and $131 billion, respectively. As of June 30, 2010, the industry has shown signs of recovering with $23 billion of inflows. The chart below shows hedge fund assets under management from 1990 through June 30, 2010.
Hedge Fund Assets Under Management ($ billions)
Source: HFR Industry Reports © HFR, Inc., Second Quarter 2010, www.hedgefundresearch.com
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Founded in 1990, Apollo is a leading global alternative asset manager. We are contrarian, value-oriented investors in private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate, with significant distressed expertise. We have a flexible mandate in the majority of the funds we manage that enables the funds to invest opportunistically across a companys capital structure. We raise, invest and manage funds on behalf of some of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds, as well as other institutional and individual investors. As of June 30, 2010, we had AUM of $54.5 billion in our private equity and capital markets businesses. Our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, held a final closing in December 2008, raising a total of $14.7 billion. We have consistently produced attractive long-term investment returns in our private equity funds, generating a 39% gross IRR and a 26% net IRR on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010. A number of our capital markets funds have also performed well since their inception through June 30, 2010.
Over our 20-year history of investing, we have grown to become one of the largest alternative asset managers in the world and attribute our historical success to the following key competitive strengths:
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our track record of generating attractive long-term risk-adjusted returns in our private equity investment funds; |
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our integrated business model which combines the strength of our businesses and the intellectual capital base of the global Apollo franchise to create a sustainable competitive advantage; |
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our expertise in distressed investing and ability to invest capital and grow AUM throughout economic cycles; |
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our deep industry knowledge and expertise with complex transactions; |
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our collaboration with our portfolio company management teams; |
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our creation of an edge in investing by combining our core industry expertise, comfort with complexity and use of strategic platforms to create proprietary investment opportunities; |
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our long-standing investor relationships that include many of the worlds most prominent alternative asset investors; |
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our strong management team, brand name and reputation; and |
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our long-term capital base. |
Apollo is led by our managing partners, Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, who have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 418 employees, including 140 investment professionals, as of June 30, 2010. This team possesses a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. We have offices in New York, Los Angeles, London, Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. We operate our private equity, capital markets and real estate businesses in an integrated manner, which we believe distinguishes us from other alternative asset managers. Our investment professionals frequently collaborate across disciplines. We believe that this collaboration, including market insight, management, banking and consultant contacts, as well as investment opportunities, enables us to more successfully invest across a companys capital structure. This platform and the depth and experience of our investment team have enabled us to deliver strong long-term investment performance in our private equity funds throughout a range of economic cycles. For example, Apollos most successful private equity funds (in terms of net IRR), Funds I, II, MIA and Fund V, were initiated during economic downturns. Funds I, II and MIA, which generated a combined gross IRR of 47% and a combined net IRR of 37% on a compound annual basis since inception through the date of the disposition of their final investment on September 30, 2004, were initiated during the economic downturn of 1990 through 1993 and Fund V, which generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis since inception through June 30, 2010, was initiated during the economic downturn of 2001 through late 2003. We began investing our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, in January 2008 in the midst of the current economic
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downturn. Similarly, with respect to our capital markets business, our flagship Value Funds, which were launched in 2003 and 2006, have also delivered attractive returns since inception through a range of economic cycles.
Our objective is to achieve superior long-term risk-adjusted returns for our fund investors. The majority of our investment funds are designed to invest capital over periods of seven or more years from inception, thereby allowing us to generate attractive long-term returns throughout economic cycles. Our investment approach is value-oriented, focusing on nine core industries in which we have considerable knowledge, and emphasizing downside protection and the preservation of capital. We are frequently contrarian in our investment approach, which is reflected in a number of ways, including:
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our willingness to invest in industries that our competitors typically avoid; |
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the often complex structures we employ in some of our investments, including our willingness to pursue difficult corporate carve-out transactions; |
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our experience investing during periods of uncertainty or distress in the economy or financial markets when many of our competitors simply reduce their investment activity; |
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our orientation towards sole sponsored transactions when other firms have opted to partner with others; and |
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our willingness to undertake transactions that have substantial business, regulatory or legal complexity. |
We have applied this investment philosophy over our 20-year history, allowing us to identify what we believe are attractive investment opportunities, deploy capital across the balance sheet of industry leading, or franchise, businesses and create value throughout economic cycles.
During the most recent global economic crisis, which we believe began in the third quarter of 2007, we have been relying on our deep industry, credit and financial structuring experience, coupled with our strengths as value-oriented, distressed investors, to deploy a significant amount of new capital. As examples of this, from the beginning of the second quarter of 2008 through June 30, 2010, we have invested approximately $16.4 billion of capital across our private equity and capital markets funds focused on control distressed and buyout investments, leveraged loan portfolios and mezzanine, non-control distressed and non-performing loans. In addition, from the beginning of the third quarter of 2007 through June 30, 2010, the funds managed by Apollo have acquired approximately $12.7 billion in face value of distressed debt at discounts to par value and purchased approximately $27.7 billion in face value of leveraged senior loans at discounts to par value from financial institutions. Since we purchased these leveraged loan portfolios from highly motivated sellers, we were able to secure attractive long-term, low cost financing and select credits of companies well known to Apollo. The benchmark S&P/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index, which includes a group of securities we believe is similar to those owned by our funds, had a net return of approximately 3% during the six months ended June 30, 2010, and the performance of our leveraged loan investments has exceeded this benchmark during this period.
As in prior market downturns and periods of significant volatility, we have been purchasing distressed securities and continue to opportunistically build positions in high quality companies with stressed balance sheets in industries where we have expertise such as cable, chemicals, packaging and transportation. Our approach towards investing in distressed situations often requires us to purchase particular debt securities as prices are declining, since this allows us both to reduce our average cost and accumulate sizable positions which may enhance our ability to influence any restructuring plans and maximize the value of our distressed investments. As a result, our investment approach may produce negative short-term unrealized returns in certain of the funds we manage. However, we concentrate on generating attractive, long-term, risk-adjusted realized returns for our fund investors, and we therefore do not overly depend on short-term results and quarterly fluctuations in the unrealized fair value of the holdings in our funds.
In addition to deploying capital in new investments, we have been depending on our 20 years of experience to enhance value in the current investment portfolio of the funds we manage. We have been relying on our
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restructuring and capital markets experience to work proactively with our funds portfolio company management teams to generate cost and working capital savings, reduce capital expenditures, and optimize capital structures through several means such as debt exchange offers and the purchase of portfolio company debt at discounts to par value. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion in face value of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt in portfolio companies such as CEVA Logistics, Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy and Momentive Performance Materials. In certain situations, such as CEVA Logistics, funds managed by Apollo are the largest owner of the total outstanding debt of the portfolio company. In addition to the attractive return profile associated with these portfolio company debt purchases, we believe that building positions as senior creditors within the existing portfolio companies is strategic to the existing equity ownership positions. Additionally, the portfolio companies of Fund VI have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis from the date we acquired them through June 30, 2010, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability.
Since the beginning of 2007, we have experienced significant globalization and expansion of our investment management activities. We have grown our global network by opening offices in Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. Since the beginning of 2007, we have launched a new private equity fund, a new strategic investment account investing in CMBS and a commercial real estate finance company, as well as several new capital markets funds and leveraged investment vehicles. These vehicles had a combined AUM of $34.0 billion as of June 30, 2010. In addition, in order to more fully leverage our long history of investing in the real estate sector, we continue to hire senior members of the real estate team. Similar to the growth and evolution of our real estate business, we expect to continue to grow our company by applying our value-oriented approach across related investment categories which we believe have synergies with our core business and provide attractive opportunities for us to continue to expand our equity base.
We had total AUM of $54.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, consisting of $33.5 billion in our private equity business, $18.9 billion in our capital markets business, and $2.1 billion in our real estate business. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds. We have grown our total AUM at a 33.1% compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, from December 31, 2004 to June 30, 2010. In addition, we benefit from mandates with long-term capital commitments in both our private equity and capital markets businesses. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which is an important component in generating attractive returns for our investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, and 12% of our AUM was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration, as highlighted in the chart below:
We expect our growth in AUM to continue over time by seeking to create value in our funds existing private equity, capital markets and real estate investments, continuing to deploy our available capital in what we believe are attractive investment opportunities, and raising new funds and investment vehicles as market
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opportunities present themselves. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds.
We have three business segments: private equity, capital markets and real estate. We also manage (i) AAA, a publicly listed permanent capital vehicle, which invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored entities, funds and other investments, and (ii) several strategic investment accounts established to facilitate investments by third-party investors directly in Apollo-sponsored funds and other transactions. The diagram below summarizes our current businesses:
(1) | All data is as of June 30, 2010. The chart does not reflect legal entities or assets managed by former affiliates. |
(2) | Includes three funds that are denominated in Euros and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010. |
Our financial results are highly variable, since carried interest (which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds we manage), and the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We manage our business and monitor our performance with a focus on long-term performance, an approach that mirrors the investment horizons of the funds we manage and is driven by the investment returns of our funds.
Private Equity Funds
Our private equity business had total and fee-generating AUM of $33.5 billion and $27.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, respectively. Our private equity business grew total and fee-generating AUM by a 25.1% and 40.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010. From our inception in 1990 through June 30, 2010, our private equity business invested approximately $33.0 billion of capital. As of June 30, 2010, our private equity funds had $10.8 billion of uncalled capital commitments, providing us with a significant source of capital for future investment activities. Since inception through March 31, 2010, the returns of our private equity funds have performed in the top quartile for all U.S. buyout funds, as measured by Thomson Financial. Our private equity funds have generated a gross IRR of 39% and a net IRR of 26% on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010, as compared with a total annualized return of 6% for the S&P 500 Index over the same period. In addition, since our inception, our private equity funds (excluding Fund VII,
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which began investing less than 36 months prior to the valuation date) have achieved a 2.4x average multiple of invested capital. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical private equity returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current and future funds or from us.
As a result of our long history of private equity investing across market cycles, we believe we have developed a unique set of skills which we rely on to make new investments and to maximize the value of our existing investments. As an example, through our experience with traditional private equity buyouts, we apply a highly disciplined approach towards structuring and executing transactions, the key tenets of which include acquiring companies at below industry average purchase price multiples, and establishing flexible capital structures with long-term debt maturities and few, if any, financial maintenance covenants.
We believe we have a demonstrated ability to adapt quickly to changing market environments and capitalize on market dislocations through our traditional, distressed and corporate buyout approach. In prior periods of strained financial liquidity and economic recession, our private equity funds have made attractive investments by buying the debt of quality businesses (which we refer to as classic distressed debt), converting that debt to equity, seeking to create value through active participation with management and ultimately monetizing the investment. This combination of traditional and corporate buyout investing with a distressed option has been deployed through prior economic cycles and has allowed our funds to achieve attractive long-term rates of return in different economic and market environments. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesDifficult market conditions may adversely affect our businesses in many ways, including by reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow and adversely affect our financial prospects and condition. In addition, during prior economic downturns we have relied on our restructuring experience and worked closely with our funds portfolio companies to maximize the value of our funds investments. For example, during the economic downturn during 2001-2003, we successfully restructured several of the portfolio companies in Fund IV that were experiencing financial difficulties, and as a result, Fund IV was able to produce a multiple of invested capital of nearly 1.8x as of June 30, 2010. During this same time period, we relied on our credit market expertise to deploy approximately 54% of the capital from Fund V, primarily in distressed for control situations, and this fund generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis as of June 30, 2010. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for a discussion of the reasons we do not believe our future IRRs will be similar to the IRRs for Fund V.
Traditional Buyouts
Traditional buyouts have historically comprised the majority of our investments. We generally target investments in companies where an entrepreneurial management team is comfortable operating in a leveraged environment. We also pursue acquisitions where we believe a non-core business owned by a large corporation will function more effectively if structured as an independent entity managed by a focused, stand-alone management team. Our leveraged buyouts have generally been in situations that involved consolidation through merger or follow-on acquisitions; carveouts from larger organizations looking to shed non-core assets; situations requiring structured ownership to meet a sellers financial goals; or situations in which the business plan involved substantial departures from past practice to maximize the value of its assets. Some of our traditional buyout investments include Compass Minerals International in 2001, Nalco Investment Holdings and United Agri Products in 2003, Intelsat in 2004, Berry Plastics in 2006, Smart & Final in 2007 and Harrahs in 2008.
Distressed Buyouts and Debt Investments
Over our 20 year history, approximately 47% of our private equity investments have involved distressed buyouts and debt investments. We target assets with high quality operating businesses but low-quality balance sheets, consistent with our traditional buyout strategies. The distressed securities we purchase include bank debt, public high-yield debt and privately held instruments, often with significant downside protection in the form of a
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senior position in the capital structure, and in certain situations we also provide DIP financing to companies in bankruptcy. Our investment professionals generate these distressed buyout and debt investment opportunities based on their many years of experience in the debt markets, and as such they are generally proprietary in nature.
We believe distressed buyouts and debt investments represent a highly attractive risk/reward profile. Our investments in debt securities have generally resulted in two outcomes. The first has been when we succeed in taking control of a company through its distressed debt. By working proactively through the restructuring process, we are able to equitize our debt position, resulting in a well-financed buyout. Once we control the company, the investment team works closely with management toward an eventual exit, typically over a three- to five-year period as with a traditional buyout. The second outcome for debt investments has been when we do not gain control of the company. This is typically driven by an increase in the price of the debt beyond what is considered an attractive acquisition valuation. The run-up in bond prices is usually a result of market interest or a strategic investors interest in the company at a higher valuation than we are willing to pay. In these cases, we typically sell our securities for cash and seek to realize a high short-term internal rate of return. Some of our distressed buyout investments in prior economic downturns include Vail Resorts in 1991, Telemundo in 1992, SpectraSite in 2003 and Cablecom in 2003. As in prior market downturns, since the onset of the current economic downturn, we have been purchasing distressed securities and continue to opportunistically build positions in high quality companies with stressed balance sheets in industries where we have expertise such as cable, chemicals, packaging and transportation.
Corporate Partner Buyouts
Corporate partner buyouts offer another way to capitalize upon investment opportunities during environments in which purchase prices for control of companies are at high multiplies of earnings, making them less attractive for traditional buyout investors. Corporate partner buyouts focus on companies in need of a financial partner in order to consummate acquisitions, expand product lines, buy back stock or pay down debt. In these investments, we do not seek control but instead make significant investments that typically allow us to demand control rights similar to those that we would require in a traditional buyout, such as control over the direction of the business and our ultimate exit. Although corporate partner buyouts historically have not represented a large portion of our overall investment activity, we do engage in them selectively when we believe circumstances make them an attractive strategy.
Corporate partner buyouts typically have lower purchase multiples and a significant amount of downside protection, when compared with traditional buyouts. Downside protection can come in the form of seniority in the capital structure, a guaranteed minimum return from a creditworthy partner, or extensive governance provisions. Importantly, Apollo has often been able to use its position as a preferred security holder in several buyouts to weather difficult times in a portfolio companys lifecycle and to create significant value in investments that otherwise would have been impaired. Some of our corporate partner buyouts include Sirius Satellite Radio in 1998, Educate in 2000, AMC Entertainment in 2001 and Oceania Cruises (now Prestige Cruise Holdings) in 2007.
Other
In addition to our traditional, distressed and corporate partner buyout activities, we also maintain the flexibility to deploy capital of our private equity funds in other types of investments such as the creation of new companies, which allows us to leverage our deep industry and distressed expertise and collaborate with experienced management teams to seek to capitalize on market opportunities that we have identified, particularly in asset-intensive industries that are in distress. In these types of situations, we have the ability to establish new entities that can acquire distressed assets at what we believe are attractive valuations without the burden of managing an existing portfolio of legacy assets. Similar to our corporate partner buyout activities, other investments, such as the creation of new companies, historically have not represented a large portion of our overall investment activities, although we do make these types of investments selectively. Examples of our other investments include Vantium in 2007 and Veritable Maritime in 2010.
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Our Recent Buyouts
The following table presents the 25 most recent buyouts made by Fund VI and Fund VII as of June 30, 2010, except as otherwise indicated.
Company |
Year of Initial
Investment |
Buyout Type |
Industry |
Region |
Invested
Capital (1) |
Sole
Financial Sponsor |
|||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||
LyondellBasell |
2010 |
Distressed |
Chemicals |
Global | $ | 1,594 | No | ||||||
Aleris International |
2010 |
Distressed |
Building Products |
Global | 163 | No | |||||||
Gala Coral Group |
2010 |
Distressed |
Gaming & Leisure |
Western Europe | 114 | No | |||||||
Monier |
2010 |
Distressed |
Building Products |
Western Europe | 67 | No | |||||||
Veritable Maritime |
2010 | Other | Shipping | North America | 55 | Yes | |||||||
Charter Communications |
2009 |
Distressed |
Media, Entertainment & Cable |
North America | 973 | No | |||||||
Parallel Petrolium |
2009 |
Traditional |
Oil & Gas |
North America | 252 | Yes | |||||||
Dish TV |
2009 | Other | Media, Entertainment & Cable | India | 101 | No | |||||||
Skylink |
2008 |
Traditional |
Logistics |
North America | 79 | Yes | |||||||
Hexion Specialty Chemicals |
2008
|
Traditional | Chemicals | North America | 136 | No | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment |
2008 |
Traditional |
Gaming & Leisure |
North America | 1,433 | No | |||||||
Norwegian Cruise Line |
2008 |
Corporate Partner |
Cruise |
North America | 830 | Yes | |||||||
Vantium |
2007 | Other | Business Services | North America | 406 | Yes | |||||||
Smart & Final |
2007 |
Traditional |
Food Retail |
North America | 262 | Yes | |||||||
Noranda Aluminum |
2007 |
Traditional |
Materials |
North America | 215 | Yes | |||||||
Countrywide |
2007 |
Traditional |
Real Estate Services |
Western Europe | 416 | Yes | |||||||
Claires |
2007 |
Traditional |
Specialty Retail |
Global | 498 | Yes | |||||||
Prestige Cruise Holdings (2) |
2007 |
Corporate Partner |
Cruise |
North America | 962 | Yes | |||||||
Realogy |
2007 |
Traditional |
Real Estate Services |
North America | 1,050 | Yes | |||||||
Jacuzzi Brands |
2007 |
Traditional |
Building Products |
Global | 112 | Yes | |||||||
Verso Paper |
2006 |
Traditional |
Paper Products |
North America | 261 | Yes | |||||||
Berry Plastics (3) |
2006 |
Traditional |
Packaging |
North America | 347 | Yes | |||||||
Momentive Performance Materials |
2006 |
Traditional |
Chemicals |
North America | 454 | Yes | |||||||
CEVA Logistics (4) |
2006 |
Traditional |
Logistics |
Western Europe | 423 | Yes | |||||||
Rexnord (5) |
2006 |
Traditional |
Diversified Industrial |
North America | 714 | Yes | |||||||
Total |
|
$11,917 |
|||||||||||
(1) | Fund VI and Fund VII investments include AAA and Palmetto co-investments, where applicable. |
(2) | In connection with its acquisition of Regent Seven Seas Cruises, Oceania Cruise Holdings, Inc. changed its name to Prestige Cruise Holdings. |
(3) | Prior to the merger with Covalence. |
(4) | Includes add-on investment in EGL, Inc. |
(5) | Includes add-on investment in Zurn. |
Building Value in Portfolio Companies
We are a hands-on investor and remain actively involved with the operations of our buyout investments for the duration of the investment. As a result of our organization around core industries, and our extensive network of executives and other industry participants, we are able to actively participate in building value for our portfolio of investments. Following an investment, the deal team that executed the transaction focuses its role on functioning as a catalyst for business-transforming events and participates in all significant decisions to develop and support management in the execution of each portfolio companys business strategy. In connection with this strategy, we have established relationships with operating executives that assist in the diligence review of new opportunities and provide strategic and operational oversight for portfolio investments.
Exiting Investments
We realize the value of the investments that we have made on behalf of our funds typically through either an initial public offering, or IPO, of common stock on a nationally recognized exchange or through the private sale of the companies in which we have invested. The advantage of having long-lived funds and complete investment
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discretion is that we are able to time our exit when we believe we may most easily maximize value. We rigorously review the ongoing business plan for each portfolio company and determine if we believe we can continue to compound increases in equity value at acceptable rates of return. Generally, if we believe we can, we continue to hold and manage the investment and if we do not, we seek to exit. We also monitor the debt capital markets closely, which often times provides windows of opportunity to reduce risk in an investment by recouping a large portion of our investment through a leveraged recapitalization. We sponsored the IPOs of 12 of our portfolio companies from January 1, 2002 through the date of this prospectus, as summarized in the table below. We believe that a track record of successful IPOs facilitates access to the public markets in exiting fund investments.
Private Equity Sponsored IPOs
The following table summarizes the breakdown of our private equity sponsored IPOs from January 1, 2002 through the date of this prospectus.
Company |
Fund |
Date of
Initial Investment |
IPO
Date |
|||
Noranda Aluminum |
Fund VI | May-07 | May-10 | |||
Metals USA |
Fund V | Nov-05 | Apr-10 | |||
Verso Paper |
Fund VI | Aug-06 | May-08 | |||
Goodman Global Holdings |
Fund V | Dec-04 | Apr-06 | |||
Hughes Communications |
Fund IV | Jan-06 | Feb-06 | |||
United Agri Products |
Fund V | Nov-03 | Nov-04 | |||
Educate |
Fund IV | Jul-00 | Sep-04 | |||
Compass Minerals International |
Fund V | Nov-01 | Dec-03 | |||
Nalco Investment Holdings |
Fund V | Nov-03 | Nov-04 | |||
QDI (Quality Distribution) |
Fund III | Jun-98 | Nov-03 | |||
National Financial Partners |
Fund IV | Jan-99 | Sep-03 | |||
Pacer International |
Fund IV | May-99 | Jun-02 |
Our Recent Private Equity Funds
The following charts summarize the breakdown of our funds private equity investments by type and industry from our inception through June 30, 2010.
Private Equity Investments by Type | Private Equity Investments by Industry | |
* | Includes investments in special purpose entities that invest in debt-related securities of companies included in multiple industries. |
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Among our more recent funds, Fund V, with $3.7 billion of committed capital, started investing during the economic downturn of 2001 through late 2003. This fund has generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% from our first investment in April 2001 to June 30, 2010. It has already returned nearly $11.0 billion to investors through June 30, 2010. At June 30, 2010, Fund V had an estimated unrealized value of $1.7 billion and a current multiple of invested capital of 3.4x. This performance was generated during an initial period of economic distress followed by substantial economic and capital markets expansion, which we believe illustrates our ability to use our flexible investment approach to generate returns across a range of economic environments. Fund V is in the top quartile of similar vintage funds according to Thomson Financial.
With $10.1 billion of committed capital as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI has invested or committed to invest approximately $11.3 billion through June 30, 2010. Currently, the Fund VI portfolio includes 19 companies, all but five of which are transactions where we were the sole financial sponsor, nine of which were proprietary in nature (meaning deals that arise other than from winning a competitive auction process), six of which were complex corporate carveouts and all of which were in industries well known to us. The Fund VI portfolio also includes debt investment vehicles formed by our affiliates to invest in debt securities to take advantage of volatility in the credit markets.
Fund VI has generated a gross IRR of 6% and a net IRR of 6% from the first investment in July 2006 to June 30, 2010 and has already returned approximately $3.3 billion to investors. We believe these IRRs reflect the early stage nature of Fund VI, the impact of applying mark-to-market valuations to the portfolio of investments, and the impact of the current global economic downturn on the performance of our funds investments. While we cannot predict the length and severity of the current global economic downturn and the impact it will ultimately have on our funds portfolio investments, as in past recessionary periods we are relying on our restructuring and distressed investing experience to work proactively with our funds portfolio company management teams to generate cost and working capital savings, reduce capital expenditures, divest non-core business lines and optimize capital structures through several means such as debt exchange offers and the purchase of portfolio debt at discounts to par. As of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt in portfolio companies such as CEVA Logistics, Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy and Momentive Performance Materials. In certain situations, such as CEVA Logistics, funds managed by Apollo are the largest owner of the total outstanding debt of the portfolio company. In addition to the attractive return profile associated with these portfolio company debt purchases, we believe that building positions as senior creditors within the existing portfolio companies is strategic to the existing equity ownership positions from the date of acquisition through June 30, 2010. Portfolio companies of Fund VI have also implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability.
Our most recent private equity fund, Fund VII, which closed with $14.7 billion in commitments in December 2008, has been making investments since January 2008, and as of June 30, 2010, Fund VII had invested $6.3 billion, approximately 58% of which has been invested in debt investments.
Since Apollos founding in 1990, we believe our capital markets expertise has served as an integral component of our companys growth and success. Our credit-oriented capital markets operations commenced in 1990 with the management of a $3.5 billion high-yield bond and leveraged loan portfolio. Since that time, our capital markets activities have grown significantly, and leverage Apollos integrated platform and utilize the same disciplined, value-oriented investment philosophy that we employ with respect to our private equity funds. Our capital markets operations are led by James Zelter, who has served as the managing director of the capital markets business since April 2006. Our capital markets business had total and fee-generating AUM of $18.9 billion and $15.3 billion, respectively, as of June 30, 2010 and grew its total and fee-generating AUM by a 57.5% and 51.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010.
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Our credit-oriented capital markets funds have been established to capitalize upon our investment experience and deep industry expertise. We seek to participate in capital markets businesses where we believe our industry expertise and experience can be used to generate attractive investment returns. As depicted in the chart below, our capital markets activities span a broad range of the credit spectrum, including non-performing loans, distressed debt, mezzanine debt, senior bank loans and value-oriented fixed income.
The value-oriented fixed income segment of the capital markets spectrum is the most recent investment area for Apollo, and it is characterized by its ability to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns relative to traditional fixed income investments. An example of our value-oriented fixed income investments is Athene Asset Management. We established Athene Asset Management, which is substantially owned by a subsidiary of Apollo, to provide asset management services to Athene Life Re and other third parties. Athene Life Re is an Apollo sponsored vehicle formed to focus on opportunities in the life reinsurance sector. Athene Life Re sources, analyzes and negotiates the acquisition of fixed annuity policies from primary insurance companies. As of June 30, 2010, Athene Asset Management had approximately $1.2 billion of AUM, $0.3 billion of which was included in our real estate segment.
As of June 30, 2010, our capital markets funds included seven distressed and hedge funds with total AUM of $2.7 billion, three mezzanine funds with total AUM of $4.2 billion, four credit opportunity funds with total AUM of $9.1 billion, and a European non-performing loan fund with total AUM of $1.6 billion. Our capital markets segment also includes strategic investment accounts and Athene Asset Management.
Distressed and Hedge Funds
We currently manage seven distressed and hedge funds that invest primarily in North America, Europe and Asia. These funds had a total of $2.7 billion in AUM as of June 30, 2010. Investors can invest in several of our distressed and hedge funds as frequently as monthly. Our distressed and hedge funds utilize similar value-oriented investment philosophies as our private equity business and are focused on capitalizing on our substantial industry and credit knowledge. In addition to owning the companies that manage our distressed and hedge funds, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interests in the general partners of each of these funds.
Value Funds. We are the investment managers for our flagship distressed Value Funds, which utilize similar investment strategies. The Value Funds seek to identify and capitalize on absolute-value driven investment opportunities. VIF began investing capital in October 2003 and is currently closed to new investors. SVF began investing capital in June 2006 and is currently open to new investors. The Value Funds had a combined net asset value of approximately $870.3 million as of June 30, 2010, and had a net return of 54.2% since inception and 4.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
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Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why future performance by the Value Funds might fall short of their historical performance.
The Value Funds flexible investment strategy primarily focuses on investments in distressed companies before, during, or after a restructuring, as well as undervalued securities. Investments are executed primarily through the purchase or sale of senior secured bank debt, second lien debt, high yield debt, trade claims, credit derivatives, preferred stock and equity. In addition to owning the companies that manage the Value Funds, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interests in the general partners of each of these funds. As of June 30, 2010, the Value Funds investments were primarily located in North America and comprised approximately 75% of the portfolio, with the remaining 25% of the total portfolio being investments made internationally.
The following charts break down the Value Funds portfolio by investment type and industry as of June 30, 2010:
Value Funds Portfolio by Investment Type |
Value Funds Portfolio Investments by Industry |
SOMA. SOMA is a private investment fund we formed to manage for one of our Strategic Investors and that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns through investment in distressed opportunities, primarily in North America and Europe. This funds primary mandate is a very similar investment strategy to our Value Funds and is currently managed by the same investment professionals. SOMA began investing capital in March 2007 and represents a commitment by one of our Strategic Investors of $800.0 million. The fund had a net asset value of approximately $964.8 million as of June 30, 2010, including $749.5 million in the primary mandate, which had a net return of 29.4% since inception and 7.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Asian Credit-Oriented Hedge Fund (AAOF) . AAOF is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns throughout economic cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities in the Asian markets, excluding Japan, and targeting event-driven volatility across capital structures, as well as opportunities to develop proprietary platforms. AAOF began investing capital in February 2007. We believe our experienced Asia team has unique access to private deals throughout Asia. The fund primarily invests in the securities of public and private companies in need of capital for acquisitions, refinancing, monetization of assets and distressed financings and other special situations. AAOF primarily focuses on two core strategies, event driven investments and strategic opportunity investments. We believe the investment teams local expertise is complemented by Apollos global reach across its core industry verticals. In addition to owning the company that manages AAOF, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interests in the general partner of AAOF. The funds first investment was made in February 2007. The fund had a net asset value of approximately $333.8 million as of June 30, 2010, and had a net return of 6.0% since inception and 2.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
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Mezzanine Funds
As of June 30, 2010, we managed U.S. and European-based mezzanine funds and related investment vehicles with total AUM of $4.2 billion as of June 30, 2010, including: (i) AIC, a U.S.-based permanent capital vehicle, is a publicly traded, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act and to be treated for tax purposes as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code; (ii) AIE I, which is an unregistered private closed-end investment fund formed in June 2006; and (iii) AIE II, which is an unregistered private closed-end investment fund formed in April 2008, that seek to capitalize upon mezzanine and subordinated debt opportunities with a focus on Western Europe.
Apollo Investment Corporation . AICs common stock is quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol AINV and is currently a component of the S&P MidCap 400 index. AIC raised over $900 million of permanent investment capital through its initial public offering on the NASDAQ in April 2004. Since that time, AIC has successfully completed several secondary offerings and raised approximately $1.9 billion of incremental permanent investment capital. Since inception in April 2004 through June 30, 2010, the annualized return on AICs net asset value was 4.4%, and as of June 30, 2010, AICs net asset value was approximately $1.8 billion. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why future AIC returns might fall short of its historical performance. AIC has the ability to incur indebtedness by issuing senior securities in amounts such that its asset coverage equals at least 200% after each such issuance.
Set forth in the chart below are the market values and yields of the AIC portfolio since inception.
AIC Portfolio Growth and Yield Since Inception
The information above is as of June 30, 2010, is presented for illustrative purposes only and is no guarantee of the future success of AIC.
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The charts below break down AICs portfolio by investment type and industry as of June 30, 2010.
AIC Portfolio by Investment Type |
AIC Portfolio Investments by Industry |
|
|
European Mezzanine Funds (AIE I and AIE II) . AIE I and AIE II are unregistered private closed-end investment funds formed in June 2006 and April 2008, respectively, that seek to more fully capitalize upon mezzanine and subordinated debt opportunities with a primary focus on Western Europe. As of June 30, 2010, AIE I and AIE II had an investment portfolio of approximately 64% in secured and unsecured subordinated loans (also referred to as mezzanine loans), senior secured loans and high-yield debt.
As of June 30, 2010, AIE I had an investment portfolio of approximately $143.5 million at market value, based on an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of such date. Due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, AIE Is investment performance was adversely impacted, and on July 10, 2009, its shareholders approved a monetization plan, the primary objective of which is to maximize shareholder recovery value by (i) opportunistically selling AIE Is assets over a three-year period from July 2009 to July 2012 (subject to a one-year extension with the consent of a majority of AIE Is shareholders) and (ii) reducing the overall costs of the fund. The reduction of costs included a management fee waiver of $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 and an additional $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Furthermore, management fees from AIE I are currently based on a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I. Prior to the approval of the monetization plan, management fees were based on 2% of the gross assets of AIE I. The company has no future plans to reserve for additional management fees charged to AIE I or to lower the current management fee arrangement. Subject to compliance with applicable law and maintaining adequate liquidity, available cash received from the sale of assets will be returned to shareholders on a quarterly basis once all leverage in the fund is repaid.
The investment objective of AIE II is to generate both capital appreciation and current income through debt and equity investments. Within a flexible overall investment approach, AIE II utilizes a disciplined approach that seeks to evaluate the appropriate part of the capital structure in which to invest based on the risk/reward profile of the investment opportunity. AIE II invests primarily in European mezzanine investments, with a primary focus in Western Europe. AIE II participates in both the primary and secondary credit markets based on the relative attractiveness of each at any given time.
As of June 30, 2010, AIE II had an investment portfolio of approximately $302.6 million at market value based on an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of such date, and had a net return of 44.9% since inception and 13.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why AIE IIs returns might decrease from its historical performance and the historical performances of our other funds. The net return since inception for AIE II is based on the net cumulative change in net assets from the inception of the fund through June 30, 2010 as a percentage of aggregate capital contributions and is not a geometric return. AIE IIs net returns are net of all fees and expenses and exclude performance allocations, if any, to the general partner. The charts below break down the portfolio of AIE II by investment type and industry as of June 30, 2010.
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AIE II Portfolio by Investment Type |
AIE II Portfolio Investments by Industry |
|
|
Senior Credit Funds
We manage senior credit funds, which currently comprise four credit opportunity funds, with total AUM of $9.1 billion as of June 30, 2010. We established our credit opportunity funds, which are primarily oriented towards the acquisition of leveraged loans and other performing senior debt, in late 2007 and 2008 in order to capitalize upon the supply-demand imbalances in the leveraged finance market. We have been actively investing these funds since they were formed and, together with our private equity funds, as of June 30, 2010, we have deployed approximately $24.5 billion, including leverage, in credit opportunity investments. We believe our credit opportunity funds benefit from the broad range of investment opportunities that arise as a result of our deep industry and credit expertise. As the opportunity set continues to evolve, we expect we will continue to offer the credit opportunity fund series to capitalize primarily upon senior credit opportunities in the market.
COF I. COF I began investing in April 2008 and, as of June 30, 2010, had aggregate capital commitments of approximately $1.5 billion, primarily from one of our Strategic Investors. COF I principally invests, through privately negotiated transactions, in senior secured debt instruments, including bank loans and bonds, as well as opportunistically investing in a variety of other public and private debt instruments such as DIP financings, rescue or bridge financings, and other debt instruments. COF I may use leverage to finance portfolio investments, including as incurred by the funds subsidiaries or special-purpose vehicles, and may enter into credit facilities or other debt transactions to leverage its investments.
Our capital commitment to COF I is equal to 2.0% of the aggregate capital commitments of COF Is limited partners (without regard to any co-investment commitments). COF I is closed to additional investors. As of June 30, 2010, COF I had a net asset value of approximately $1.4 billion.
COF II. COF II began investing in June 2008 and has aggregate capital commitments of approximately $1.6 billion as of the date hereof. COF II principally invests, through privately negotiated transactions, in senior secured debt instruments, including bank loans and bonds, as well as opportunistically investing in a variety of other public and private debt instruments such as debtor-in-possession (DIP) financings, rescue or bridge financings, and other debt instruments. COF II may use leverage to finance portfolio investments, including as incurred by the funds subsidiaries or special-purpose vehicles, and may enter into credit facilities or other debt transactions to leverage its investments.
Our capital commitment to COF II is equal to 1.5% of the aggregate capital commitments of COF IIs limited partners (without regard to any co-investment commitments). COF II is closed to additional investors. As of June 30, 2010, COF II had a net asset value of $1.7 billion.
ACLF. ACLF began investing capital in October 2007 and held its final closing on November 13, 2007 with initial aggregate capital commitments of $681.6 million. ACLF invests principally in senior secured bank debt and debt related securities in the United States and Western Europe. Additionally, up to 20% of ACLFs capital commitments may be invested in other types of debt and debt related securities, including non-senior bank debt,
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publicly traded debt securities, bridge financings and the equity tranche of any collateralized debt obligation fund sponsored by Apollo or others. Investments may be effected using a wide variety of investment types and transaction structures, including the use of derivatives or other credit instruments, such as credit default swaps, total return swaps and any other credit securities or other credit instruments.
Our capital commitment to ACLF is equal to 2.4% of the aggregate capital commitments of ACLFs limited partners (without regard to any co-investment commitments). ACLF is closed to additional investors. As part of the initial closing of ACLF, Apollo closed on a co-investment vehicle that has the capacity to invest alongside ACLF on a pre-determined proportionate basis in senior debt investments, which we refer to as ACLF Co-Invest. As of June 30, 2010, ACLF had net assets of $674.7 million and was primarily invested in debt-related securities and various derivative instruments.
Artus. Artus closed on October 19, 2007 with aggregate capital commitments of $106.6 million, including a commitment from one of our Strategic Investors. In November 2007, Artus purchased certain collateralized loan obligations. The collateralized loan obligations are secured by a diversified pool of approximately $0.8 billion in aggregate principal amount of United States dollar denominated commercial loans and cash as of June 30, 2010. As a result of the global credit crisis, the pace of ratings downgrades, defaults and mark-to-market volatility increased dramatically throughout 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, putting pressure on the expected performance of loan portfolios in general. The portfolio in Artus is well diversified, and contains over 95% first lien bank loans.
Non-Performing Loan Fund
European Non-Performing Loan Fund (EPF) . EPF is an investment vehicle launched in May 2007 to invest principally in NPLs. NPLs are loans held by financial institutions that are in default of principal or interest payments for 90 days or more. We estimate that the current size of the European NPL market is more than 500 billion, and we anticipate substantial growth in this market as financial institutions face increasing pressure to improve their balance sheets and make new loans. EPF seeks to capitalize on the inefficiencies of financial institutions in managing and restructuring their NPLs. We believe the EPF teams global experience and local network of relationships complements Apollos background in distressed and private equity investing. Currently, EPF has portfolio investments in the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal.
In December 2009, EPF closed with 1.3 billion ($1.6 billion using an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010) in total commitments. EPF is structured with many characteristics typically associated with private equity funds, including multi-year capital commitments from the funds investors. The fund had a net asset value of approximately $823.8 million as of June 30, 2010 based on an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of such date. In addition to owning the company that manages EPF, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interest in the general partner of EPF.
In addition to the funds described above, we manage other investment vehicles, including AAA and Palmetto, which have been established to invest either directly in or alongside our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage.
AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA)
AAA issued approximately $1.9 billion of equity capital in its initial offering in June 2006. AAA is designed to give investors in its common units exposure as a limited partner to certain of the strategies that we employ and allows us to manage the asset allocations to those strategies by investing alongside our private equity funds and directly in our capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. The common units of AAA, which represent limited partner interests, are listed on Euronext Amsterdam. AAA is the
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sole limited partner in AAA Investments, the vehicle through which AAAs investments are made, and the Apollo Operating Group holds the economic general partnership interests in AAA Investments. On June 1, 2007, AAA Investments entered into a credit facility that originally provided for a $900 million revolving line of credit, thus increasing the amount of cash that AAA Investments has available for making investments, and funding its liquidity and working capital needs. In connection with AAAs ongoing liquidity management and deleveraging strategy, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. In October 2009, AAA Investments repaid $225.0 million to the lenders in return for the right for AAA Investments or one of its affiliates to purchase its debt in the future at a discount to par value, subject to certain conditions. In December 2009, February 2010 and June 2010, AAA purchased $25.0 million, $37.5 million and $75.0 million, respectively, of its own debt for a purchase price of 85% of par value. As a result of these purchases, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. On August 11, 2010, AAA purchased 6,777,308 of its common units and RDUs from holders participating in a tender offer announced on July 12, 2010, for an aggregate of $47.4 million.
Since its formation, AAA has allowed us to quickly target investment opportunities by capitalizing new investment vehicles formed by Apollo in advance of a lengthier third-party fundraising process. AAA Investments was the initial investor in one of our mezzanine funds, two of our distressed and hedge funds, and our non-performing loan fund. AAA Investments current portfolio also includes private equity co-investments in Fund VI and Fund VII portfolio companies, certain opportunistic investments and temporary cash investments. AAA Investments may also invest in additional funds and other opportunistic investments identified by Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., the investment manager of AAA.
AAA Investments generates management fees for us through the Apollo funds in which it invests. In addition, AAA Investments generates management fees and incentive income on the portion of its assets that are not invested directly in Apollo funds or temporary investments. AAA Investments pays management fees to Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., its investment manager, which is 100% owned by the Apollo Operating Group, and pays incentive income to AAA Associates, L.P.
AAA Investments entered into co-investment agreements which allow it to co-invest alongside Fund VI and Fund VII. Under the co-investment agreement with Fund VI, AAA Investments initially agreed to co-invest with Fund VI in each of its investments in an amount equal to 12.5% of the total amount invested by Fund VI, subject to certain exceptions pursuant to which AAA Investments may be excluded from, or may opt out of, an investment. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreement with Fund VI was amended to provide that no new co-investments will be made, and only follow-on investments which are expected to protect AAA Investments interests in its existing portfolio companies will be made going forward. Under its co-investment agreement with Fund VII, AAA Investments has a variable co-investment commitment ranging from 0% to 12.5% of investments committed to by Fund VII during each calendar year, subject to certain exceptions pursuant to which AAA Investments may be excluded from, or may opt out of, an investment. The Fund VII co-investment percentage is set at the beginning of each calendar year by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreement with Fund VII was amended to provide that where a follow-on investment is made with Fund VII for reasons other than to protect AAA Investments interest in an existing portfolio company, it will be made at the co-investment percentage that has been set by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner for the relevant year (or, if lower, at the percentage necessary to ensure that AAA Investments and Fund VII continue to hold the relevant portfolio company in the same proportions as it is then owned by each of them). AAA Investments committed to co-invest in an amount equal to 0% of new investments committed to by Fund VII during the 2010 and 2009 calendar years and 5% during the 2008 calendar year.
As of June 30, 2010, AAA Investments had utilized $537.5 million of its line of credit for certain investments and had a cash balance of approximately $363 million. The amount of loans that may be borrowed under the AAA Investments credit facility cannot exceed the borrowing base, which is calculated based on the value of investments held by AAA Investments, including temporary investments, multiplied by advance rates
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ranging from 100% for cash equivalents to 35% for unquoted private equity investments. As a result, a decline in the value of investments held by AAA Investments could result in a borrowing base deficiency, and such deficiency may, if not cured in accordance with the terms of the credit facility, limit AAA Investments ability to borrow under its credit facility and eventually result in an event of default under such facility. AAA may incur additional indebtedness from time to time, subject to availability in the credit markets, among other things.
Due to market volatility and the tightening of the credit markets, particularly during the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009, AAA Investments took certain steps to manage its borrowing base under its credit agreement and maintain an appropriate level of liquidity:
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Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008 and continuing into the third quarter of 2009, AAA Investments exercised the right to opt-out of new co-investments alongside Fund VI and Fund VII and their parallel investment vehicles, as permitted by its co-investment agreements described above. Opt-out decisions are each made on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration reserves and liquidity at the time of the potential co-investment transaction. Beginning in the third quarter of 2009, AAA resumed making co-investments alongside the private equity funds. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreements with Fund VI and Fund VII were amended. The co-investment agreement with Fund VI was amended to provide that no new co-investments will be made and only follow-on investments which are expected to protect AAA Investments interests in its existing portfolio companies will be made going forward. The co-investment agreement with Fund VII was amended to provide that where a follow-on investment is made with Fund VII for reasons other than to protect AAA Investments interest in an existing portfolio company, it will be made at the co-investment percentage that has been set by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner for the relevant year (or, if lower, at the percentage necessary to ensure that AAA Investments and Fund VII continue to hold the relevant portfolio company in the same proportions as it is then owned by each of them). The board of directors of AAAs managing general partner continues to set the Fund VII co-investment percentage for new co-investments at the beginning of each calendar year. |
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During 2008, AAA Investments requested the redemption of a portion of its outstanding shares of SVF with a value of $475.0 million, subject to certain terms and conditions. Of the $475.0 million redeemable in 2008, $200.0 million was redeemed in 2008. The remaining $275.0 million redemption, which represented the remainder of AAA Investments investment in SVF, was converted into liquidating shares issued by SVF. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of SVFs existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred by SVF. During the year ended December 31, 2009, AAA Investments received redemptions of $163.4 million from SVF. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, AAA Investments received redemptions of $20.3 million from SVF. |
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During 2009, AAA Investments requested redemptions of portions of its outstanding shares of AAOF with values of $140.0 million, which were converted into liquidating shares issued by AAOF. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of AAOFs existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred or reserves set by AAOF. During the year ended December 31, 2009, AAA Investments received redemptions of $49.3 million from AAOF. During six months ended June 30, 2010, AAA Investments received redemptions of $45.1 million from AAOF. At June 30, 2010, the remainder of the liquidating shares of AAOF had a fair value of $55.1 million. |
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The following chart shows the breakdown of AAA Investments $1.6 billion in investments as of June 30, 2010.
AAA Investments
As is common with investments in private equity funds, AAA Investments may follow an over-commitment approach when making investments in order to maximize the amount of capital that is invested at any given time. When an over-commitment approach is followed, the aggregate amount of capital committed by AAA Investments to, or to co-investment programs with, private equity funds and capital markets funds at a given time may exceed the aggregate amount of cash and available credit lines that AAA Investments has available for immediate investment. We cannot assure you that any of such commitments will be funded. As of June 30, 2010, AAA Investments was not overcommitted.
We are contractually committed to reinvest a certain amount of our carried interest income from AAA into common units or other equity interests of AAA, as described in more detail below under General Partner and Professionals Investments and Co-InvestmentsGeneral Partner Investments.
Strategic Investment Accounts
Institutional investors are expressing increasing levels of interest in SIAs since these accounts can provide investors with greater levels of transparency, liquidity and control over their investments as compared to more traditional investment funds. Based on the trends we are currently witnessing among a select group of large institutional investors, we expect our AUM that is managed through SIAs to continue to grow over time. As of June 30, 2010, over $7.0 billion of our total AUM and $4.7 billion of our fee-generating AUM was managed through SIAs.
One example of an SIA managed by Apollo is Palmetto, which we manage on behalf of a single investor. As of June 30, 2010, the capital commitments to Palmetto were $759.0 million, which included a capital commitment of $750.0 million from one institutional investor that is a large state pension fund and $9.0 million of current commitments from Apollo. Palmetto was established to facilitate investments by such third-party investor directly in our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. As of June 30, 2010, Palmetto had committed approximately $399.7 million for investments primarily in our European non-performing loan fund, our private equity funds and SVF.
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We have assembled a dedicated team to pursue real estate investment opportunities, which we refer to as AGRE and which we believe benefits from Apollos long-standing history of investing in real estate-related sectors such as hotels and lodging, leisure, and logistics. AGRE, which includes ten investment professionals as of June 30, 2010, is led by Joseph Azrack, who joined Apollo in 2008 with 30 years of real estate investment management experience, serving most recently as President and CEO of Citi Property Investors.
We believe our dedicated real estate platform benefits from, and contributes to, Apollos integrated platform, and further expands Apollos deep real estate industry knowledge and relationships. As of June 30, 2010, our real estate business had total and fee-generating AUM of $2.1 billion and $0.4 billion, respectively.
In addition to the funds described below, we may seek to serve as the manager of, or sponsor, a series of real estate funds that focus on other opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions, including corporate real estate, distress for control situations and the acquisition and recapitalization of real estate portfolios, platforms and operating companies, including non-performing and deeply discounted loans.
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.
In 2009, we launched ARI, a commercial real estate finance company managed by Apollo that has been formed primarily to originate, invest in, acquire, and manage senior performing commercial real estate mortgage loans, CMBS, commercial real estate corporate debt and loans and other real estate-related investments in the United States. On September 29, 2009, ARI completed the initial public offering of 10 million shares of its common stock, at a price to the public of $20.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $200 million, and a concurrent private placement of 500,000 shares of its common stock to Apollo and certain of its affiliates at a price per share equal to the initial public offering price. The proceeds to ARI from the initial public offering and the concurrent private placement, net of related issuance costs, were approximately $0.2 billion. In addition, ARI intends to elect to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2009. To maintain its status as a REIT, ARI must distribute at least 90% of its taxable income to its shareholders and meet, on a continuing basis, certain other complex requirements under the Internal Revenue Code. As of June 30, 2010, ARI had total and fee-generating AUM of $0.5 billion and $0.2 billion, respectively.
During September 2010, ARI completed an offering of 6.9 million shares, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $110.4 million. The proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of debt and continued investment in target assets, with a focus on performing commercial first mortgage loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities, mezzanine financings and other real estate-related debt investments.
AGRE CMBS Fund L.P.
In December 2009, we launched the AGRE CMBS Account, a real estate strategic investment account formed to invest principally in CMBS and leverage those investments by borrowing from the Federal Reserve Bank of New Yorks TALF. As of June 30, 2010, the AGRE CMBS Account had total and fee-generating AUM of $1.6 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively.
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Over our 20-year history, we have grown to be one of the largest alternative asset managers in the world, which we attribute to the following competitive strengths:
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Our Investment Process and Approach to Investing Have Delivered a Strong Track Record. In aggregate, our private equity funds have generated a 39% gross IRR and a 26% net IRR from inception through June 30, 2010. Our track record of generating attractive long-term risk-adjusted private equity fund returns is a key differentiating factor for our fund investors and, we believe, will allow us to continue to expand our AUM and capitalize new investment vehicles. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current or future funds or from us. Some of the elements that have enabled us to generate these attractive returns include: |
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Our flexibility to invest throughout market cycles and across the capital structureWe have consistently invested capital on behalf of our investors throughout economic cycles by focusing on opportunities that we believe are often overlooked by other investors. We believe that our expertise in capital markets, focus on core industry sectors and investment experience allows us to respond quickly to changing environments. We believe our ability to invest capital through market cycles will allow us to grow our AUM consistently and generate attractive investment opportunities in various market environments. |
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We pay close attention to the cycles that our core industry sectors are experiencing and are opportunistic in entering and exiting investments when the risk/reward profile is in our favor. Our private equity funds have had success investing in buyouts and credit opportunities during both expansionary and recessionary economic periods. During the recovery and expansionary periods of 1994 through 2000 and late 2003 through the first half of 2007, our private equity funds invested or committed to invest approximately $13.7 billion primarily in traditional and corporate partner buyouts. In the recessionary periods of 1990 through 1993, 2001 through late 2003 and the current recessionary period, our private equity funds invested approximately $19.3 billion through June 30, 2010, $14.4 billion of which was in distressed buyouts and debt investments when the debt securities of quality companies traded at deep discounts to par value. We believe distressed buyouts represent a highly attractive risk/reward profile and allow our funds to invest at below-market multiples when historically our peer private equity firms have largely been inactive. Our capital markets funds follow the same disciplined approach to investing throughout economic cycles. |
Since the onset of the current global economic downturn, we have been drawing on our credit expertise and long history of investing across market cycles to deploy our investors capital in ways which we believe will allow our funds to achieve attractive long-term rates of return. Between September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2009, Apollos private equity and capital markets funds have invested a combined $30.1 billion in debt securities with a face value of $41.4 billion. The $30.1 billion invested includes $22.0 billion of capital from the funds managed by Apollo and $8.1 billion of additional leverage.
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The table below summarizes our view of how our private equity business differed from that of a typical private equity firm during the U.S. economic cycles since our inception in 1990 and our view of certain market conditions during these cycles.
Recession
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Recovery
1994-1997 |
Expansion
1998-2000 |
Recession
2001-2003 3Q |
Recovery
2003 4Q-2005 |
Expansion
2006-2007 2Q |
Recession
2007 3Q-current |
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Liquidity |
Low | High | High | Low | High | High | Low | |||||||
Valuation |
Low | Low-Medium | High | Low | Medium | Medium-High | Low | |||||||
Typical private
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Inactive | Active |
Inactive or
paid high prices |
Inactive |
Active and paid
high prices |
Active and
paid high prices |
Inactive | |||||||
Apollo |
Focus on distressed buyout option |
Traditional
buyouts |
Seeks to
reduce acquisition price through complex buyouts and corporate partnerships |
Focus on
distressed buyout option |
Traditional
buyouts using industry expertise to reduce acquisition price |
Seeks to
reduce acquisition price through complex buyouts and corporate partnerships |
Focus on
distressed investments and strategic acquisitions |
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Apollos traditional and
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$490 | $1,297 | $3,107 | $596 | $2,393 | $5,845 | $3,817 (2) | |||||||
Apollos distressed buyouts and debt investments (1) |
$2,907 | $113 |
$50
|
$1,025 | $846 | $3 |
$10,501
(2)
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Note: Characterization of economic cycles is based on our managements views.
(1) | Dollars in millions. Amounts set forth above represent capital invested by our private equity business. |
(2) | Amounts are through June 30, 2010. |
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Our deep industry expertise and focus on complex transactionsWe have substantial expertise in nine core industry sectors and our funds have invested in over 300 companies since inception. Our core industry sectors are chemicals; commodities; consumer and retail; distribution and transportation; financial and business services; manufacturing and industrial; media and leisure; packaging and materials; and satellite and wireless. Our deep experience in these industry sectors has allowed us to develop an extensive network of strategic relationships with CEOs, CFOs and board members of current and former portfolio companies, as well as consultants, investment bankers and other industry-focused intermediaries. We believe that situational and structural complexity often hides compelling value that competitors may lack the inclination or ability to uncover. For example, carveouts of divisions of larger corporations are complex transactions that often provide compelling investment opportunities. We believe that we are known in the market for having substantial corporate carveout experience, having consummated 15 buy-side carveouts since 2000, and that our industry expertise and comfort with complexity help drive our performance. |
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The table below lists and briefly describes the background of all proprietary carve-out deals our funds have completed since 2000.
Proprietary Corporate Carve-outs |
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Company | Seller |
Date of Initial
Investment |
Date of
Final Exit |
Multiple
of
Invested Capital (1) |
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Prestige Cruise Holdings (Regent Seven Seas) | Carlson | January 2008 | NA | 0.8x | ||||
Noranda Aluminum |
Xstrata plc | May 2007 | NA | 2.7x | ||||
Momentive Performance Materials |
General Electric | December 2006 | NA | 1.3x | ||||
CEVA Logistics |
TNT Group | November 2006 | NA | 1.1x | ||||
Verso Paper |
International Paper | August 2006 | NA | 1.1x | ||||
Berry Plastics Corporation (formerly Covalence) | Tyco | February 2006 | NA | 1.5x | ||||
Hughes Communications |
DirecTV Group | February 2006 | NA | 3.1x | ||||
United Agri Products |
ConAgra Foods | November 2003 | November 2006 | 7.7x | ||||
Compass Minerals |
IMC Global | November 2001 | November 2004 | 5.0x | ||||
Hexion Specialty Chemicals |
Shell, Eastman, Rutgers, KKR | November 2000 | NA | 2.1x | ||||
Educate |
Sylvan | July 2000 | NA | 3.2x |
(1) | Multiple of invested capital is calculated from total value (realized proceeds plus any unrealized fair value as of June 30, 2010) divided by original investment amount. |
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Our investment expertise creates proprietary investment opportunitiesWe believe our industry expertise allows us to create strategic platforms and approach new investments as a strategic buyer with synergies, cross-selling opportunities and economies of scale advantages over other purely financial sponsors. Examples include the creation of Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., a chemical company that had over $6 billion in revenues during 2008, and Berry Plastics, a plastic packaging company that had over $3 billion in revenues during 2008, both of which were built through multiple acquisitions in our core industry verticals. Additionally, our expertise in complex corporate carveouts allows us to source investment opportunities in a private-to-private negotiation, oftentimes exclusively, which facilitates deployment of capital at attractive valuations. Examples include the purchase of United Agri Products from ConAgra Foods (where we realized 7.7x invested capital) and the purchase of Compass Minerals from IMC Global (where we realized 5.0x invested capital). Since our inception through June 30, 2010, we believe over 76% of the private equity buyouts completed by our funds have been proprietary in nature. We have also avoided the market trend of consortium transactions (defined as including more than one main financial sponsor), with Fund VI and Fund VII being the sole financial sponsor in 13 of their last 15 traditional private equity portfolio company buyouts. |
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We believe that our proprietary investment opportunities provide the ability to consistently invest capital and generate market leading returns for our funds. We believe these competitive advantages often result in our funds buyouts being effected at a lower multiple of adjusted EBITDA than many of our peers. For example, for the buyouts completed by our funds in 2006 and 2007 with values over $500 million, the average purchase price multiple was 7.6x of adjusted EBITDA. The average purchase price multiple of all financial sponsor transactions, as tracked by Thomson Financial, was 11.8x for deals with values over $500 million in 2006 and 2007. In addition, Apollo created these companies at a net Debt to EBITDA ratio of 5.7x and an average equity contribution of approximately 20%. |
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Our collaboration with portfolio company management teamsWe possess two decades of experience working with management teams to help create significant long-term value for the portfolio companies of our funds. We believe we add value to our funds investments by working closely with the portfolio company management teams. Among other things, in partnership with |
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our management teams, we identify and execute growth opportunities including strategic mergers and acquisitions, generate cost and working capital savings, divest non-core business lines, optimize capital structures and create synergies among our network of current and former portfolio companies. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt. In addition, from the date of acquisition through June 30, 2010, Fund VI portfolio companies have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability. |
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Our Integrated Business Model. Generally, we operate our global franchise as an integrated investment platform with a free flow of information across our businesses. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesPossession of material non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers. Our investment professionals interact frequently across our businesses on a formal and informal basis. For example, in the course of reviewing a large buyout opportunity, a partner from our private equity business might discover an opportunity to invest in an attractive non-control debt investment and convey the opportunity to one of our capital markets partners. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesPossession of material, non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers. In addition, members of the private equity investment committee currently serve on the investment committees of each of our capital markets funds. |
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Our Strong, Longstanding Investor Relationships. We manage capital for hundreds of investors in our private equity funds, which include many of the worlds most prominent pension funds, university endowments, financial institutions and individuals. Most of our private equity investors are invested in multiple Apollo private equity funds, and many have invested in one or more of our capital markets funds, including as seed investors in new strategies. We believe that our deep investor relationships, founded on our consistent performance, disciplined and prudent management of our fund investors |
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capital and our frequently contrarian investment approach, have facilitated the growth of our existing businesses and will assist us with the launch of new businesses and investment offerings, thereby increasing our fee-generating AUM. |
Investor Base of Apollo Private Equity
Represents Investor Base of Funds III, IV, V, VI and VII. Data as of June 30, 2010.
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Long-Term Capital Base. A significant portion of our $54.5 billion of AUM as of June 30, 2010 was long term in nature. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, including 12% that was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration, as highlighted in the chart below. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which we believe is an important component in generating attractive returns for our funds investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. |
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The Continuity of Our Strong Management Team and Reputation. Our managing partners actively participate in the oversight of the investment activities of our funds, have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 140 investment professionals as of June 30, 2010 who possess a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. Our investment team includes our contributing partners, who, together with our managing partners, have worked together for an average of 16 years, as well as exclusive relationships with operating executives who are former CEOs with significant experience in our core industries. We have developed a strong reputation in the market as an investor and partner who can make significant contributions to a business or investing decision, and we believe the longevity of our management team is a key competitive advantage. |
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Alignment of Interests with Investors in Our Funds and Shareholders. Fundamental to our business model is the alignment of interests of our professionals with those of the investors in our funds and with those of our shareholders. From our inception through June 30, 2010, our professionals have committed or invested an estimated $1.0 billion of their own capital to our funds (including Fund VII). In addition, our practice is to allocate a portion of the management fees and incentive income payable by our funds to our professionals, which we believe serves to incentivize those employees to generate superior risk-adjusted investment returns. Also, the majority of our employees own RSUs which vest over time, and our managing partners and contributing partners will own % of the company after giving effect to the IPO. We expect to continue to increase the equity ownership of our employees over time through additional grants of RSUs in lieu of cash compensation. We believe that the alignment of interests with our shareholders and fund investors helps us to raise new funds, execute our growth strategy and deliver earnings to our shareholders. |
Our growth and investment returns have been supported by an institutionalized and strategic organizational structure designed to promote teamwork, industry specialization, longevity of capital, compliance and regulatory excellence and internal systems and processes. Our ability to grow our AUM and revenues depends on our performance and on our ability to attract new capital and fund investors, which we have done successfully over the last 20 years.
The following are key elements of our growth strategy.
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Continuing to Achieve Long-Term Returns in Our Funds . Continued achievement of superior long-term returns will support growth in AUM. We believe our experienced investment team, value-oriented investment strategy and flexible investment approach will continue to drive superior returns. We will emphasize creating long-term value for our shareholders with less focus on our quarter-to-quarter or year-to-year earnings volatility. |
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Continuing Our Commitment to Our Fund Investors . We intend to continue managing our businesses with a strong focus on developing and maintaining long-term relationships with our fund investors. Our fund investors include many of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds as well as other institutional and individual investors. Most of our private equity investors are invested in multiple Apollo private equity funds, and many invested in one or more of our capital markets funds. We believe that our strong investor relationships facilitate the growth of our existing businesses and the successful launch of new businesses. |
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Raising Additional Investment Capital for Our Current Businesses . We will continue to utilize our firms reputation and track record to seek to grow our AUM. Our funds capital raising activities benefit from our 20-year investment track record, the reputation of our firm and investment professionals, our access to public markets through entities such as AIC and AAA and our strong relationships with our investors. |
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Expanding Into New Investment Strategies, Markets and Businesses . We intend to grow our businesses through the targeted development of new investment strategies such as real estate that we believe are complementary to our existing businesses. In addition, we expect to continue expanding into new businesses, possibly through strategic acquisitions of other investment management companies or other strategic initiatives. |
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Capitalize Upon the Benefits of Being a Public Company, including the Pursuit of Complementary and Strategic Acquisitions. We believe that being a public company will help us grow our AUM and revenues. We believe that fund investors will increasingly prefer to trust their capital to publicly traded asset managers because of the corporate-governance and disclosure requirements that apply to such managers, as well as the more efficient succession-planning and reduced key man risk that we believe result from becoming a public company, as we become more institutionalized. As a public |
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company we expect to become less dependent on a small number of individuals and better able to attract senior talent with the backing of public investors and with the ability to provide senior talent with more liquid equity incentive income. We also believe that we can utilize our currency as a public company to broaden our industry verticals and capital markets products and expand into new product offerings and strategies. |
Our revenues and other income consist principally of (i) management fees, which are based upon a percentage of the committed or invested capital (in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds), adjusted assets (in the case of AAA), gross invested capital or fund net asset value (in the case of the rest of our capital markets funds) and stockholders equity (in the case of ARI); (ii) transaction and advisory fees received from private equity and certain capital markets portfolio companies in respect of business and transaction consulting services that we provide, as well as advisory services provided to a capital markets fund; (iii) income based on the performance of our funds, which consists of allocations, distributions or fees from our private equity funds, AAA and our capital markets funds; and (iv) investment income from our investments as general partner and other direct investments primarily in the form of net gains from investment activities as well as interest and dividend income. Carried interest from our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds entitles us to an allocation of a portion of the income and gains from that fund and is as much as 20% of the net realized income and gains that are achieved by the funds net of fund expenses, generally subject to an annual preferred return for the limited partners of 8% with a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. The general partner of each of the funds accrues for its portion of carried interest at each quarter-end balance sheet date for any changes in value of the funds underlying investments. For example, if one of our private equity funds were to exceed the preferred return threshold and generate $100 million of profits net of allocable fees and expenses from a given investment, our carried interest would entitle us to receive as much as $20 million of these net profits less appropriate compensation expense for our investment professionals.
Carried interest from most of our capital markets funds is as much as 20% of either the funds income and gain or the yearly appreciation of the funds net asset value. For such capital markets funds, we accrue carried interest on both realized and unrealized gains, subject to any applicable hurdles and high-water marks. Certain of our capital markets funds are subject to a preferred return. Our ability to generate carried interest is an important element of our business and has historically accounted for a very significant portion of our income. For the six months ended June 30, 2010, management fees, transaction and advisory fees, and carried interest income represented 69.3%, 12.5% and 18.2%, respectively, of our $303 million of revenues.
Management further evaluates our segments based on our management and incentive business within each segment. We believe this information provides enhanced transparency with respect to our financial performance. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction revenues, carried interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds, and expenses exclusive of profit sharing, which we believe are more stable in nature. The financial performance of our incentive business, which is dependent upon quarterly mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to fair value measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expense in connection with our investment funds, and is generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
For more information regarding the financial performance of our segments, refer to Prospectus SummarySummary Historical and Other Data which includes our statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our reportable segments and the management business and incentive business, as well as further reconciliation of ENI to Adjusted ENI to identify non-recurring or unusual items for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
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Fundraising and Investor Relations
We believe our performance track record across our funds has resulted in strong relationships with our fund investors. Our fund investors include many of the worlds most prominent pension funds, university endowments and financial institutions, as well as individuals. We maintain an internal team dedicated to investor relations across our private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate businesses.
In our private equity business, fundraising activities for new funds begin once the investor capital commitments for the current fund are largely invested or committed to be invested. The investor base of our private equity funds includes both investors from prior funds and new investors. In many instances, investors in our private equity funds have increased their commitments to subsequent funds as our private equity funds have increased in size. During our Fund VI fundraising effort, investors representing over 88% of Fund Vs capital committed to the new fund. During our Fund VII fundraising effort, investors representing over 84% of Fund VIs capital committed to Fund VII. The single largest unaffiliated investor represents only 6% of Fund VIs commitments and 7% of Fund VIIs commitments. In addition, our investment professionals commit their own capital to each private equity fund.
During the management of a fund, we maintain an active dialogue with our fund investors. We host quarterly webcasts for our fund investors led by members of our senior management team and we provide quarterly reports to our fund investors detailing recent performance by investment. We also organize an annual meeting for our private equity investors that consists of detailed presentations by the senior management teams of many of our current investments. From time to time, we also hold meetings for the advisory board members of our private equity funds.
AAA is an important component of our business strategy, as it has allowed us to quickly target attractive investment opportunities by capitalizing new investment vehicles formed by Apollo in advance of a lengthier third-party fundraising process. In particular, we have used AAA capital to make initial investments in AIE I, SVF, AAOF and EPF. The common units of AAA are listed on Euronext Amsterdam by NYSE Euronext and AAA complies with the reporting requirements of that exchange. AAA provides monthly information and quarterly reports to, and hosts quarterly conference calls with, our AAA investors. See Strategic Investment VehiclesAP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA) for information regarding AAAs liquidity condition.
In our capital markets business, we have raised capital from prominent institutional investors, similar to our private equity and real estate businesses, and have also raised capital from public market investors, as in the case of AIC. AIC provides quarterly reports to, and hosts conference calls with, investors that highlight investment activities. AIC is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and complies with the reporting requirements of that market.
Similar to our private equity and capital markets businesses, in our real estate business we have raised capital from a prominent institutional investor for the AGRE CMBS Account, and we have also raised capital from public market investors with respect to ARI. ARI provides quarterly reports to, and hosts conference calls with, investors that highlight investment activities. ARI is listed on the NYSE and complies with the reporting requirements of that market.
We maintain a rigorous investment process and a comprehensive due diligence approach across all of our funds. We have developed policies and procedures, the adequacy of which are reviewed annually, that govern the investment practices of our funds. Moreover, each fund is subject to certain investment criteria set forth in its governing documents that generally contain requirements and limitations for investments, such as limitations relating to the amount that will be invested in any one company and the geographic regions in which the fund will invest. Our investment professionals are thoroughly familiar with our investment policies and procedures and the investment criteria applicable to the funds that they manage, and these limitations have generally not impacted our ability to invest our funds.
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Our investment professionals interact frequently across our businesses on a formal and informal basis. In addition, members of the private equity investment committee currently serve on the investment committees of each of our capital markets funds. We believe this structure is uncommon and provides us with a competitive advantage.
We have in place certain procedures to allocate investment opportunities among our funds. These procedures are meant to ensure that each fund is treated fairly and that transactions are allocated in a way that is equitable, fair and in the best interests of each fund, subject to the terms of the governing agreements of such funds. Each of our funds has primary investment mandates, which are carefully considered in the allocation process.
Private Equity
Private Equity Funds . Our private equity investment professionals are responsible for selecting, evaluating, structuring, diligencing, negotiating, executing, monitoring and exiting investments for our traditional private equity funds, as well as pursuing operational improvements in our funds portfolio companies. These investment professionals perform significant research into each prospective investment, including a review of the companys financial statements, comparisons with other public and private companies and relevant industry data. The due diligence effort will also typically include:
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on-site visits; |
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interviews with management, employees, customers and vendors of the potential portfolio company; |
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research relating to the companys management, industry, markets, products and services, and competitors; and |
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background checks. |
After an initial selection, evaluation and diligence process, the relevant team of investment professionals will prepare a detailed analysis of the investment opportunity for our private equity investment committee. Our private equity investment committee generally meets weekly to review the investment activity and performance of our private equity funds.
After discussing the proposed transaction with the deal team, the investment committee will decide whether to give its preliminary approval to the deal team to continue the selection, evaluation, diligence and negotiation process. The investment committee will typically conduct several lengthy meetings to consider a particular investment before finally approving that investment and its terms. Both at such meetings and in other discussions with the deal team, our managing partners and partners will provide guidance to the deal team on strategy, process and other pertinent considerations. Every private equity investment requires the approval of our three managing partners.
Our private equity investment professionals are responsible for monitoring an investment once it is made and for making recommendations with respect to exiting an investment. Disposition decisions made on behalf of our private equity funds are subject to careful review and approval by the private equity investment committee, including all three of our managing partners.
AAA . Investment decisions on behalf of AAA are subject to investment policies and procedures that have been adopted by the board of directors of the managing general partner of AAA. Those policies and procedures provide that all AAA investments (except for temporary investments) must be reviewed and approved by the AAA investment committee. In addition, they provide that over time AAA will invest approximately 90% or more of its capital in Apollo funds and Apollo sponsored private equity transactions and, subject to market conditions, target approximately 50% or more in private equity transactions. Pending those uses, AAA capital is invested in temporary liquid investments. AAAs investments do not need to be exited within fixed periods of time or in any specified manner. AAA is, however, generally required to exit any co-investments it makes with an Apollo fund at the same time and on the same terms as the Apollo fund in question exits its investment. The
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AAA investment policies and procedures provide that the AAA investment committee should review the policies and procedures on a regular basis and, if necessary, propose changes to the board of directors of the managing general partner of AAA when the committee believes that those changes would further assist AAA in achieving its objective of building a strong investment base and creating long-term value for its unitholders.
Capital Markets and Real Estate
Each of our capital markets funds and real estate funds maintains an investment process similar to that described above under Private Equity. Our capital markets and real estate investment professionals are responsible for selecting, evaluating, structuring, diligencing, negotiating, executing, monitoring and exiting investments for our capital markets funds and real estate funds, respectively. The investment professionals perform significant research into and due diligence of each prospective investment, and prepare analyses of recommended investments for the investment committee of the relevant fund.
Investment decisions are carefully scrutinized by the investment committees, who review potential transactions, provide input regarding the scope of due diligence and approve recommended investments and dispositions. Close attention is given to how well a proposed investment is aligned with the distinct investment objectives of the fund in question, which in many cases have specific geographic or other focuses. At least one of our managing partners approves every significant capital markets and real estate fund investment decision. The investment committee of each of our capital markets funds and real estate funds generally is provided with a summary of the investment activity and performance of the relevant funds on at least a monthly basis.
Independent Valuation Firms
We are responsible for determining the fair value of our private equity fund portfolio investments on a quarterly basis in good faith, subject to the approval of the advisory board for the relevant private equity fund. We have retained independent valuation firms to provide third-party valuation consulting services to the company which consist of certain limited procedures that the company identifies and requests them to perform. Upon completion of the limited procedures, the independent valuation firms generally assess whether the fair value of those investments subjected to the limited procedures do not appear to be unreasonable. The limited procedures do not involve an audit, review, compilation or any other form of examination or attestation under generally accepted auditing standards. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, an investment for which a market quotation is readily available will be valued using a market price for the investment as of the end of the applicable reporting period and an investment for which a market quotation is not readily available will be valued at the investments fair value as of the end of the applicable reporting period as determined in good faith. While there is no single standard for determining fair value in good faith, the methodologies described below will generally be followed when fair value pricing is applied.
Valuation of Our Private Equity Funds
We calculate the aggregate realized value of a private equity funds portfolio company investments based on the historical amount of the net cash and marketable securities actually distributed to fund investors from all of the funds investments made from the date of the funds formation through the valuation date. Such amounts do not give effect to the allocation of any realized returns to the funds general partner pursuant to carried interest or the payment of any applicable management fees to the funds investment advisor. Where the value of an investment is only partially realized, we classify the actual cash and other consideration distributed to fund investors as realized value, and we classify the balance of the value of the investment as unrealized and valued using the methodology described below.
We calculate the aggregate estimated unrealized value of a private equity fund by adding the individual estimated unrealized values of the funds portfolio companies. We determine individual investment valuations using market prices where a market quotation is available for the investment or fair value pricing where a market
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quotation is not available for the investment. For debt securities, if no sales occurred as of year-end and there is no closing price (i.e. the date of determination), we value the securities at the bid price at the close of business on such day. Since December 31, 2008, we have valued the securities based on the average of the bid and ask (the mid) price. Fair value pricing represents an investments fair value as determined by us in good faith. Market value represents a valuation of an investment derived from the last available closing sales price as of the valuation date. Market values that we derive from market quotations do not take into account various factors which may affect the value that may ultimately be realized in the future, such as the possible illiquidity associated with a large ownership position or a control premium.
There is no single standard for determining fair value in good faith and, in many cases, fair value is best expressed as a range of fair values from which a single estimate may be derived. We determine the fair values of investments for which market quotations are not readily available based on the enterprise values at which we believe the portfolio companies could be sold in orderly dispositions over a reasonable period of time between willing parties other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The portfolio companies are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. The market approach uses comparable public company multiples such as the ratio of terminal enterprise value to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and the ratio of terminal enterprise value to revenue, as well as other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. These estimated unrealized values may not be realized for the amount provided.
Valuation of Our Capital Markets Funds
Capital Markets Funds other than AIC. For our capital markets funds other than AIC, we generally value securities that are listed on a recognized exchange or a computerized quotation system and that are freely transferable at their last sales price on the relevant exchange based on the last sale recorded on such exchange as of the valuation date. When a security is not traded on an active market exchange, we seek market pricing data from at least two brokers, collateral agents or market makers. In cases where there is only a single broker quoting a specific security, we seek to corroborate any quote received by attempting to obtain quotes on similar securities from independent pricing services. In most cases, the average of mid prices will be used; however, if no ask price is obtained, the bid price will be used in valuing the investment. Since the end of 2008, all capital markets funds, except AAOF, are pricing their securities based on the mid broker price. For most private illiquid investments, we seek an opinion from a third-party valuation firm that will either determine the appropriate value or provide a supporting opinion to our internally modeled valuation. We value all other assets of the fund at fair value in accordance with the valuation policies of the funds. We may change the foregoing valuation methods if we determine in good faith that such change is advisable to better reflect market conditions or activities. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the value of investments by certain of our capital markets funds may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
AIC. Under procedures established by its board of directors, AICs investments, including certain subordinated debt, senior secured debt and other debt securities with maturities greater than 60 days, for which market quotations are readily available, are valued at such market quotations (unless they are deemed not to represent fair value). AIC also utilizes independent third-party valuation firms to assist in determining fair value if and when such market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value. Investments purchased within 60 days of maturity are valued at cost plus accreted discount, or minus amortized premium, which approximates fair value. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of AICs board of directors. Such determination of fair values may involve subjective judgments and estimates. With respect to investments for which market quotations are not readily available or when such market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value, AICs board of directors has approved a multi-step quarterly valuation process. AICs quarterly
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valuation process begins with each portfolio company or investment being initially valued by the investment professionals of AICs investment advisor that are responsible for the portfolio investment. Preliminary valuation conclusions are then documented and discussed with senior management of AICs investment advisor. Independent valuation firms engaged by AICs board of directors conduct independent appraisals and review the investment advisors preliminary valuations and make their own independent assessment. The audit committee of AICs board of directors then reviews and discusses the preliminary valuation of the investment adviser and that of the independent valuation firms. Finally, the board of directors discusses valuations and determines the fair value of each investment in AICs portfolio in good faith based on the input of AICs investment advisor, the respective independent valuation firm and the audit committee.
AICs investments are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. In following these approaches, the types of factors that AIC may take into account in fair value pricing its investments include, as relevant: available current market data, including relevant and applicable market trading and transaction comparables, applicable market yields and multiples, security covenants, call protection provisions, information rights, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio companys ability to make payments, its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparisons of financial ratios of peer companies that are public, M&A comparables, the principal market and enterprise values, among other factors. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of AICs investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
Valuation of Our Real Estate Funds
For our real estate funds, we seek market pricing data from at least two brokers, collateral agents or market makers and corroborate any quote received by attempting to obtain quotes from independent pricing services. All real estate funds price their securities based on the mid broker price. We value all other assets of the fund at fair value in accordance with the valuation policies of the funds. We may change the foregoing valuation methods if we determine in good faith that such change is advisable to better reflect market conditions or activities. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the value of investments by certain of our real estate funds may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
Fees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination
Our revenues from the management of our funds consist primarily of:
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management/monitoring fees, which are based on committed or invested capital (in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds), gross invested capital or fund net asset value (in the case of most of our capital markets funds) and gross asset value of structured portfolio vehicle instruments, which includes the leverage used by such structured portfolio vehicles; |
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carried interest based on the performance of our funds; and |
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transaction and advisory fees relating to the investments our private equity and certain capital markets funds make. |
In addition, we earn management fees based on the adjusted assets (as defined below) of AAA and are entitled to a carried interest based on the realized gains on each co-investment made by AAA pursuant to a committed co-investment facility and other opportunistic investments. We also earn incentive income from the
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underlying investments of AAA in our capital markets funds, calculated per the terms of the applicable funds. In addition, with respect to Artus we earn an investment advisory fee based on the sum of the average principal amount of the underlying collateralized loan obligations.
We also receive investment income from the direct investment of capital in our funds in our capacity as general partner, which is described below under General Partner and Professionals Investments and Co-InvestmentsGeneral Partner Investments. Please see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a more detailed description of our revenues.
Overview of Fund Operations
Investors in our private equity funds make commitments to provide capital at the outset of a fund and deliver capital when called by us as investment opportunities become available. We determine the amount of initial capital commitments for any given private equity fund by taking into account current market opportunities and conditions, as well as investor expectations. The general partners capital commitment is determined through negotiation with the funds investor base. The commitments are generally available for six years during what we call the investment period. We have typically invested the capital committed to our funds over a three to four year period. Generally, as each investment is realized, our private equity funds first return the capital and expenses related to that investment and any previously realized investments to fund investors and then distribute any profits. These profits are typically shared 80% to the investors in our private equity funds and 20% to us so long as the investors receive at least an 8% compounded annual return on their investment, which we refer to as a preferred return or hurdle. Our private equity funds typically terminate ten years after the final closing, subject to the potential for two one-year extensions. After the amendments we sought in order to deconsolidate most of our funds, dissolution of those funds can be accelerated upon a majority vote of investors not affiliated with us and, in any case, all of our funds also may be terminated upon the occurrence of certain other events, as described below under Redemption and Termination. Ownership interests in our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, are not, however, subject to redemption prior to termination of the funds.
The processes by which our capital markets funds receive and invest capital vary by type of fund. AIC, for instance, raises capital by selling shares in the public markets and it can also issue debt. Our distressed and hedge funds sell shares or limited partner interests, subscriptions for which are payable in full upon a funds acceptance of an investors subscription, via private placements. The investors in SOMA, EPF and AIE II made a commitment to provide capital at the formation of such funds and deliver capital when called by us as investment opportunities become available. COF I and COF II invest in a wide variety of public and private debt and debt-related securities and the limited partners subscribe for interests in each of the funds by making commitments through subscription agreements. Limited partners of COF I and COF II respond to capital calls as they arise. As with our private equity funds, the amount of initial capital commitments for our capital markets funds is determined by taking into account current market opportunities and conditions, as well as investor expectations. The general partner commitments for our capital markets funds that are structured as limited partnerships are determined through negotiation with the funds investor base. The fees and incentive income we earn for management of our capital markets funds and the performance of these funds and the terms of such funds governing withdrawal of capital and fund termination vary across our capital markets funds and are described in detail below.
We conduct the management of our private equity and capital markets funds primarily through a partnership structure, in which limited partnerships organized by us accept commitments and/or funds for investment from investors. Funds are generally organized as limited partnerships with respect to private equity funds and other U.S. domiciled vehicles and limited partnership and limited liability (and other similar) companies with respect to non-U.S. domiciled vehicles. Typically, each fund has an investment advisor affiliated with an advisor registered under the Advisers Act. Responsibility for the day-to-day operations of the funds is typically delegated to the funds respective investment advisors pursuant to an investment advisory (or similar) agreement. Generally, the material terms of our investment advisory agreements relate to the scope of services to be rendered by the investment advisor to the applicable funds, certain rights of termination in respect of our investment advisory agreements and, generally, with respect to our capital markets funds (as these matters are covered in the limited partnership
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agreements of the private equity funds), the calculation of management fees to be borne by investors in such funds, as well as the calculation of the manner and extent to which other fees received by the investment advisor from fund portfolio companies serve to offset or reduce the management fees payable by investors in our funds. The funds themselves do not register as investment companies under the Investment Company Act, in reliance on Section 3(c)(7) or Section 7(d) thereof or, typically in the case of funds formed prior to 1997, Section 3(c)(1) thereof. Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act excepts from its registration requirements funds privately placed in the United States whose securities are owned exclusively by persons who, at the time of acquisition of such securities, are qualified purchasers or knowledgeable employees for purposes of the Investment Company Act. Section 3(c)(1) of the Investment Company Act excepts from its registration requirements privately placed funds whose securities are beneficially owned by not more than 100 persons. In addition, under current interpretations of the SEC, Section 7(d) of the Investment Company Act exempts from registration any non-U.S. fund all of whose outstanding securities are beneficially owned either by non-U.S. residents or by U.S. residents that are qualified purchasers.
In addition to having an investment advisor, each fund that is a limited partnership, or partnership fund, also has a general partner that makes all policy and investment decisions relating to the conduct of the funds business. The general partner is responsible for all decisions concerning the making, monitoring and disposing of investments, but such responsibilities are typically delegated to the funds investment advisor pursuant to an investment advisory (or similar) agreement. The limited partners of the partnership funds take no part in the conduct or control of the business of the funds, have no right or authority to act for or bind the funds and have no influence over the voting or disposition of the securities or other assets held by the funds. These decisions are made by the funds general partner in its sole discretion, subject to the investment limitations set forth in the agreements governing each fund. The limited partners often have the right to remove the general partner or investment advisor for cause or cause an early dissolution by a majority vote. In connection with the Private Offering Transactions, we have amended the governing agreements of certain of our consolidated private equity funds (with the exception of AAA) and capital markets funds to provide that a simple majority of a funds investors will have the right to accelerate the dissolution date of the fund.
In addition, the governing agreements of our private equity funds enable the limited partners holding a specified percentage of the interests entitled to vote not to elect to continue the limited partners capital commitments in the event certain of our managing partners do not devote the requisite time to managing the fund or in connection with certain Triggering Events (as defined below). This is true of Fund VI and Fund VII on which our near- to medium-term performance will heavily depend. EPF, COF I and COF II have a similar provision. In addition to having a significant, immeasurable negative impact on our revenue, net income and cash flow, the occurrence of such an event with respect to any of our funds would likely result in significant reputational damage to us. Further, the loss of one or more our of managing partners may result in the acceleration of our debt. The loss of the services of any of our managing partners would have a material adverse effect on us, including our ability to retain and attract investors and raise new funds, and the performance of our funds. We do not carry any key man insurance that would provide us with proceeds in the event of the death or disability of any of our managing partners.
Management Fees
During the investment period, we earn semi-annual management fees from our private equity funds and EPF ranging between 1.0% to 1.75% per annum of the capital commitments of limited partners, other than designated management investors and certain other investors. Upon the third anniversary of the final closing for EPF, the management fees from EPF will step down to 1.75% of the acquisition cost of unrealized investments. Upon the earlier of the termination of the investment period for the relevant fund and the date as of which management fees begin to accrue with respect to a successor fund (the Management Fee Step Down Date), the percentage rates of the management fees from our private equity funds are reduced to a percentage ranging from 0.65% to 0.75% of the cost of unrealized portfolio investments. Private equity management fees are reduced by a percentage of any monitoring, consulting, investment banking, advisory, transaction, directors or break-up or similar fees paid to the funds general partner, management company, principal partners ( i.e. , those of our
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named partners who are principally responsible for the management of the fund) or any of their affiliates, or Fund Special Fees. In the case of Funds IV, V, and VI this reduction applies only after deducting from Fund Special Fees the costs of unconsummated transactions borne by us. In Fund VII, such unconsummated transaction costs will be borne by Fund VII, but reimbursed to Fund VII by an offset against the management fee of Fund Special Fees in an amount up to the amount of such costs, and thereafter the management fee will be offset by the applicable percentage of Fund Special Fees. In the case of Funds VI and VII, management fees are also reduced by an amount equal to any organizational expenses (to the extent they exceed those that the fund is required to bear) and placement fees paid by the fund.
The Management Fee Step Down Date has already occurred with respect to Funds IV, V and VI and the percentage rates of their management fees have been reduced. Fund VII will transition from the investment period rate to the post Management Fee Step Down Date rate upon the earliest of (i) August 30, 2013, (ii) the permanent termination, pursuant to certain provisions of the Fund VII partnership agreement, of the Fund VII investment period, and (iii) the date as of which management fees begin to accrue that are payable by another pooled investment vehicle with investment objectives and policies substantially similar to those of Fund VII and formed by us or by Fund VIIs partners.
Management fees from AAA and its affiliates range between 1.0% and 1.25% of AAAs adjusted assets, defined as invested capital plus proceeds of any borrowings of AAA Investments plus its cumulative distributable earnings at the end of each quarterly period (taking into account actual distributions but excluding the management fees relating to the period or any non-cash equity compensation expense), net of any amount AAA pays for the repurchase of limited partner interests, as well as capital invested in Apollo funds and temporary investments and any distributable earnings attributable thereto. There are no reductions to AAA Investments management fees for Management Fee Offsets.
Management fees for most of our capital markets funds generally range between 0.75% and 2.0% per annum of the applicable funds average gross assets under management or net asset value and are paid on a monthly or quarterly basis, depending on the fund. Unlike our private equity funds, which have fixed, limited lives, most of our capital markets funds have unlimited lives, so there is no investment period or mandatory reduction in the percentage charged over time. There are also generally no reductions for financial consulting, advisory, transactions, directors or break-up fees, although such fees are not typically charged in respect of our capital markets investments.
Management fees for AIE II are paid quarterly. Through June 30, 2009, and depending on the percentage of drawn capital commitments, management fees are based on either 1.5% of the capital commitments of limited partners or 1.5% of the net asset value attributable to the limited partners, in either case plus 1.0% of the partnership leverage attributable to the limited partners. Beginning in July 2009, management fees stepped down to the sum of 1.25% of the net asset value attributable to the limited partners and 0.75% of the partnership leverage attributable to the limited partners. The net asset value of the fund equals the gross assets of the fund less liabilities of the fund. The partnership leverage of the fund equals the gross assets of the fund less the net asset value of the fund.
Management fees for COF I and COF II are 0.75% and 1.25%, respectively, per annum of the aggregate capital contributions of limited partners, other than designated management investors and certain other investors, invested in unrealized portfolio investments. Such management fees are reduced by Management Fee Offsets, similar to the reduction to private equity management fees described above.
With respect to our real estate business, we receive management fees from ARI, which are calculated and payable quarterly in arrears in an amount equal to 1.50% of ARIs stockholders equity (as defined in its management agreement) per annum.
We also receive a management fee from the AGRE CMBS Account, which is calculated as a percentage of the capital accounts of the limited partners and payable monthly in advance.
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Transaction Fees
We receive transaction fees in connection with many of the acquisitions and dispositions made by our private equity funds, certain of our capital markets funds and by AAA Investments in its co-investments alongside our private equity funds. These fees are generally calculated as a percentage of the total enterprise value of the entity acquired or sold. Except in the case of AAA Investments, discussed above, a specified percentage of these fees reduce our management fees.
We generally do not receive transaction fees in connection with the investments of our capital markets funds.
Advisory Fees
We receive advisory fees for consulting services that we perform for certain private equity and capital markets funds portfolio companies. The fees vary between portfolio companies and for certain portfolio companies, the fees are dependent on EBITDA. Except in the case of AAA Investments, Artus and the Value Funds, a specified percentage of these fees reduce our management fees.
Except as related to ACLF, Artus, COF I, COF II, SOMA and the Value Funds, for which we receive advisory fees, we generally do not receive advisory fees in connection with investments of our capital markets funds.
Carried Interest
Carried interest for our private equity funds and capital markets funds entitles us to an allocation of a portion of the income and gains from that fund and, in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, is as much as 20% of the cash received from the disposition of a portfolio investment or dividends, interest income or other items of ordinary income received from a portfolio investment or the value of securities distributed in kind, after deducting the capital contributions, organizational expenses, operating expense and management fees in respect of any realized investments. In the case of each of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, the respective carried interest is subject to annual preferred return for limited partners of 8%, subject to a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. Carried interest is normally distributed upon the disposition of a portfolio investment. Carried interest is normally distributed on an annual basis and under certain circumstances upon the disposition of a specific investment. With respect to dividends, interest income and ordinary income received from a portfolio investment, carried interest is distributed no later than a specified period after the end of a fiscal year of the relevant fund.
Carried interest for most of our capital markets funds ranges between 15% and 20% of either the funds income and gain or the yearly appreciation of the funds net asset value. For such capital markets funds, we accrue incentive income on both realized and unrealized gains, subject to any applicable hurdles and high-water marks. Certain of our capital markets funds are subject to a preferred return.
If, upon the final distribution of any of our private equity funds or certain of our capital markets funds, the relevant funds general partner has received cumulative carried interest on individual portfolio investments in excess of the amount of carried interest it would be entitled to from the profits calculated for all portfolio investments in the aggregate, the general partner will return the excess amount of incentive income it received to the limited partners up to the amount it has received less taxes. With respect to our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, an escrow account is required to be maintained, such that upon each distribution, if the fair value of unrealized investments (plus any amounts already in the escrow accounts) is not equal to 115% of the cost of the unrealized investments plus allocable expenses and management fees, the general partner will place the portion of its carried interest into such escrow account as is necessary for the value of the account, together with the fair value of the unrealized investments, to equal 115% of the cost of the unrealized investments plus allocable expenses and management fees.
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As of June 30, 2010, based on the inception-to-date performance of our private equity and capital markets funds, none of the general partners of such funds, excluding Fund VI, had an obligation to return carried interest or incentive income distributions based on realization of investments. Assuming Fund VI had to liquidate on June 30, 2010, the company accrued a liability of $13.1 million in connection with the general partners potential obligation to return carried interest that was previously distributed from Fund VI. In Funds IV, V, VI and VII, the obligation to return carried interest income distributions is guaranteed by the partners of the funds general partners. Although our managing partners and contributing partners remain personally liable for their obligations under the guarantees, pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, we agreed to indemnify our managing partners and certain contributing partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of our funds (all including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) with respect to the interests that they contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
See further discussion related to the potential reversal of carried interest income in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Our carried interest from AAA Investments entitles us to 20% of the realized gains (net of related expenses, including any allocable borrowing costs) from each co-investment made by AAA Investments pursuant to a committed co-investment facility (such as its agreement with Fund VI) after its capital contributions in respect of realized investments made pursuant to that committed co-investment facility have been recovered, subject (in the case of AAA Investments, co-investment with Fund VI) to a preferred return of 8%, with a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. There is no similar preferred return requirement in respect of AAA Investments, co-investment with Fund VII. Distributions in respect of our carried interest in investments made pursuant to AAA Investments, co-investment facilities are made as investments are realized. We are also allocated 20% of the realized gains on AAA Investments opportunistic investments (meaning ones that are not temporary, a co-investment with a private equity fund or a direct investment in an Apollo fund), with no preferred return (net of related expenses, including allocable borrowing costs).
Redemption and Termination
AIC and AIE I, with a combined AUM of $3.6 billion as of June 30, 2010, are not subject to mandatory termination and do not permit investors to withdraw capital through redemptions. Our other funds are subject to termination or redemption as described below. Additionally, AIE I shareholders have agreed to a monetization plan discussed elsewhere in this prospectus.
Private Equity Funds. Our private equity funds, with a combined total of $33.5 billion of AUM as of June 30, 2010 (including a portion of the AAA Investments co-investment alongside Fund VI and Fund VII), generally terminate 10 years after the last date on which a limited partner purchased an interest in the fund, subject to extension for up to two years if certain consents of the limited partners or the funds advisory board are obtained. However, termination can be accelerated:
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six years after the applicable funds general partner or advisory board gives written notice to the funds limited partners that the requisite number of key persons have failed to devote the requisite time to the management of the fund, if at a specified number of days after such notice the limited partners holding a specified percentage of the limited partner interests entitled to vote fail to elect to continue the investment period, subject to extension for up to two years with the same consents as are required to extend the fund at the end of its scheduled 10-year term; |
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upon a disabling event (as defined below), unless within 90 days after such disabling event, a majority of the limited partner interests entitled to vote agree in writing to continue the business of the fund and to the appointment of another general partner; |
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upon the affirmative vote of a simple majority in interest of the total limited partner interests entitled to vote; |
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except in the case of Fund VII, upon the affirmative vote of 50% to 66.6% of the total limited partner interests entitled to vote, upon the occurrence of a triggering event (as defined below) with respect to the funds general partner or management company, or some specified number of the funds key persons; |
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after the commitment period, upon a good faith determination by the general partner of the applicable fund that the fund has disposed of substantially all of its portfolio investments; |
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in the discretion of the general partner of the applicable fund to address certain circumstances where the continued participation in the fund by certain limited partners would violate law or have certain adverse consequences for such limited partner or the fund; |
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the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution under Delaware partnership law; or |
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any time there are no limited partners, unless the business of the applicable fund is continued in accordance with Delaware partnership law. |
Disabling event means (i) the occurrence of an event set forth in Section 17-402 of the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, which include the withdrawal of the applicable funds general partner, the assignment of the general partners interest, the general partners removal under the applicable funds limited partnership agreement and certain events of bankruptcy, reorganization or dissolution relating to the general partner, and (ii) in the case of one of our private equity funds, the termination of the investment period by the limited partner in connection with a Triggering Event. With respect to the general partner or management company of the fund, a Triggering Event generally means with respect to any person, the criminal conviction of, or admission by consent (including a plea of no contest or, in the case of certain of our private equity funds, consent to a permanent injunction prohibiting future violations of the federal securities laws) of such person to a material violation of federal securities law, or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder or any other criminal statute involving a material breach of fiduciary duty; or the conviction of such person of a felony under any federal or state statute; or the commission by such person of an action, or the omission by such person to take an action, if such commission or omission constitutes bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or willful or reckless disregard for such persons duties to the applicable fund or its limited partners; or the obtaining by such person of any material improper personal benefit as a result of its breach of any covenant, agreement or representation and warranty contained in the applicable partnership agreement or the subscription agreement between the applicable fund and its limited partners.
Capital Markets Funds. Equity interests issued by SVF, VIF and AAOF may be redeemed at the option of the holder on a quarterly or annual basis after satisfying the applicable minimum holding period requirement (ranging from 12 months to 60 months depending on the particular fund and class of interest). Certain classes of interests in certain funds provide for the imposition of redemption charges at declining rates for interests redeemed on any of the first four quarterly redemption dates from the expiration of the minimum holding period requirement (ranging from 1% to 6% of gross redemption proceeds, depending on the terms of the applicable fund and class). Aggregate redemptions on any redemption date may be limited by a gating restriction to a maximum of 25% of net assets. An investors allocable share of certain investments designated as special investments generally is not eligible for redemption until the occurrence of a realization or liquidity event with respect to the underlying investment. Holders of a majority of the outstanding equity interests in each fund also have the right to accelerate the liquidation date of the fund.
The investor in SOMA may elect to withdraw its capital as of January 31 of each year, commencing January 31, 2010. We have the right to terminate SOMA at any time. In addition, SOMA will dissolve automatically upon the occurrence of certain events that result in the general partner ceasing to serve or to be able to serve in that capacity (such as bankruptcy, insolvency or withdrawal) unless the investor elects to continue SOMA and to appoint a new general partner.
Under the terms of their respective partnership agreements, COF I and COF II will terminate 8 years after the first date on which a limited partner purchased an interest in the fund and certain other capital markets
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funds will terminate within five to eight years after the last date on which a limited partner purchased an interest in the fund, in each case, subject to extensions for further periods if certain consents of the limited partners or the funds advisory board are obtained. However, termination can be accelerated in similar circumstances to those set out under Private Equity Funds above. Under the terms of its partnership agreement, Artus can be terminated only upon the determination of its general partner; however, a majority in interest of its unaffiliated investors may remove the general partner at any time with or without cause.
General Partner and Professionals Investments and Co-Investments
General Partner Investments
Certain of our management companies and general partners are committed to contribute to the private equity and capital markets funds and affiliates. As a limited partner, general partner and manager of the Apollo private equity funds and capital markets funds, Apollo had unfunded capital commitments of $149.5 million, $201.3 million and $175.7 million at June 30, 2010, December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Under the services agreement between AAA and one of our subsidiaries, we are obligated to reinvest into common units (which may be in the form of RDUs) or other equity interests of AAA, on a quarterly basis, 25% of the aggregate after tax distributions, if any, that the Apollo Operating Group entity receives in respect of carried interests allocable to investments made by AAA Investments, including co-investments with Fund VI and Fund VII. Accordingly, we expect to periodically acquire newly issued common units of AAA (which may be in the form of RDUs) in connection with AAAs investments in our funds. Such common units will be subject to a three-year lockup period.
Managing Partners and Other Professionals Investments
To further align our interests with those of investors in our funds, our managing partners and other professionals have invested their own capital in our funds. Our managing partners and other professionals will either re-invest their carried interest to fund these investments or use cash on hand or funds borrowed from third parties. On occasion, we have provided guarantees to lenders in respect of funds borrowed by some of our professionals to fund their capital commitments. We do not provide guarantees for our managing partners or other senior executives. We generally have not historically charged management fees or carried interest on capital invested by our managing partners and other professionals directly in our private equity and capital markets funds. Our managing partners and other professionals are not contributing the investments made in their personal capacity in our funds, or as co-investments.
Co-Investments
Investors in many of our funds as well as other investors may receive the opportunity to make co-investments with the funds. Co-investments are investments in portfolio companies or other assets generally on the same terms and conditions as those to which the applicable fund is subject.
Regulatory and Compliance Matters
Our businesses, as well as the financial services industry generally, are subject to extensive regulation in the United States and elsewhere.
All of the investment advisors of our funds are affiliates of certain of our subsidiaries that are registered as investment advisors with the SEC. Registered investment advisors are subject to the requirements and regulations of the Investment Advisers Act. Such requirements relate to, among other things, fiduciary duties to clients, maintaining an effective compliance program, solicitation agreements, conflicts of interest, recordkeeping and reporting requirements, disclosure requirements, limitations on agency cross and principal transactions between an advisor and advisory clients and general anti-fraud prohibitions.
In addition, AIC has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act. The entity that serves as AICs investment advisor is subject to the Investment Advisers Act and the rules thereunder.
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In order to maintain its status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, AIC is required to distribute at least 90% of its ordinary income and realized, net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, if any, to its shareholders. In addition, in order to avoid excise tax, it needs to distribute at least 98% of its income (such income to include both ordinary income and net capital gains), which would take into account short-term and long-term capital gains and losses. AIC, at its discretion, may carry forward taxable income in excess of calendar year distributions and pay an excise tax on this income. In addition, as a business development company, AIC must not acquire any assets other than qualifying assets specified in the Investment Company Act unless, at the time the acquisition is made, at least 70% of AICs total assets are qualifying assets (with certain limited exceptions). Qualifying assets include investments in eligible portfolio companies. In late 2006, the SEC adopted rules under the Investment Company Act to expand the definition of eligible portfolio company to include all private companies and companies whose securities are not listed on a national securities exchange. The rules also permit AIC to include as qualifying assets certain follow-on investments in companies that were eligible portfolio companies at the time of initial investment but that no longer meet the definition. In addition, the SEC recently adopted a new rule under the Investment Company Act to expand the definition of eligible portfolio company to include companies whose securities are listed on a national securities exchange but whose market capitalization is less than $250 million. This new rule became effective July 21, 2008.
In addition, ARI intends to elect to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2009. To maintain its status as a REIT, ARI must distribute at least 90% of its taxable income to its shareholders and meet, on a continuing basis, certain other complex requirements under the Internal Revenue Code.
The SEC and various self-regulatory organizations have in recent years increased their regulatory activities in respect of asset management firms.
Certain of our businesses are subject to compliance with laws and regulations of U.S. Federal and state governments, non-U.S. governments, their respective agencies and/or various self-regulatory organizations or exchanges relating to, among other things, the privacy of client information, and any failure to comply with these regulations could expose us to liability and/or reputational damage. Our businesses have operated for many years within a legal framework that requires our being able to monitor and comply with a broad range of legal and regulatory developments that affect our activities.
However, additional legislation, changes in rules promulgated by self-regulatory organizations or changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules, either in the United States or elsewhere, may directly affect our mode of operation and profitability.
Rigorous legal and compliance analysis of our businesses and investments is important to our culture. We strive to maintain a culture of compliance through the use of policies and procedures such as oversight compliance, codes of ethics, compliance systems, communication of compliance guidance and employee education and training. We have a compliance group that monitors our compliance with all of the regulatory requirements to which we are subject and manages our compliance policies and procedures. Our Chief Legal Officer serves as the Chief Compliance Officer and supervises our compliance group, which is responsible for addressing all regulatory and compliance matters that affect our activities. Our compliance policies and procedures address a variety of regulatory and compliance risks such as the handling of material non-public information, position reporting, personal securities trading, valuation of investments on a fund-specific basis, document retention, potential conflicts of interest and the allocation of investment opportunities.
As an element of our platform, we generally operate without information barriers between our businesses. In an effort to manage possible risks resulting from our decision not to implement these barriers, our compliance personnel maintain a list of issuers for which we have access to material, non-public information and for whose
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securities our funds and investment professionals are not permitted to trade. We could in the future decide that it is advisable to establish information barriers, particularly as our business expands and diversifies. In such event our ability to operate as an integrated platform will be restricted.
We anticipate our annual cost of complying with regulatory requirements once we are a public company will be approximately as follows:
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Board of Directors and Audit Committee Member Fees$700,000; |
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Audit Fees$1.0 million; |
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Finance Staff$3.0 million; |
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Computer Systems and Information Technology Staff$1.3 million; |
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Investor Relations and Other External Communications$1.5 million; and |
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Internal Audit Function$2.1 million. |
We also may make grants of RSUs to independent directors that we appoint in the future.
The asset management industry is intensely competitive, and we expect it to remain so. We compete both globally and on a regional, industry and niche basis.
We face competition both in the pursuit of outside investors for our funds and in acquiring investments in attractive portfolio companies and making other investments. We compete for outside investors based on a variety of factors, including:
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investment performance; |
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investor perception of investment managers drive, focus and alignment of interest; |
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quality of service provided to and duration of relationship with investors; |
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business reputation; and |
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the level of fees and expenses charged for services. |
Over the past several years, the size and number of private equity funds and capital markets funds has continued to increase, heightening the level of competition for investor capital.
In addition, private equity and capital markets fund managers have increasingly adopted investment strategies traditionally associated with the other. Capital markets funds have become active in taking control positions in companies, while private equity funds have acquired minority and/or debt positions in publicly listed companies. This convergence could heighten our competitive risk by expanding the range of asset managers seeking private equity investments and making it more difficult for us to differentiate ourselves from managers of capital markets funds.
Depending on the investment, we expect to face competition in acquisitions primarily from other private equity funds, specialized funds, hedge fund sponsors, other financial institutions, corporate buyers and other parties. Many of these competitors in some of our businesses are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than are available to us. Several of these competitors have recently raised, or are expected to raise, significant amounts of capital and many of them have similar investment objectives to us, which may create additional competition for investment opportunities. Some of these competitors may also have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to us, which may create competitive disadvantages for us with respect to investment opportunities. In addition, some of these competitors may have higher risk tolerances, different risk assessments or lower return thresholds, which
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could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and to bid more aggressively than us for investments that we want to make. Corporate buyers may be able to achieve synergistic cost savings with regard to an investment that may provide them with a competitive advantage in bidding for an investment. Lastly, the allocation of increasing amounts of capital to alternative investment strategies by institutional and individual investors could well lead to a reduction in the size and duration of pricing inefficiencies that many of our funds seek to exploit.
Competition is also intense for the attraction and retention of qualified employees. Our ability to continue to compete effectively in our businesses will depend upon our ability to attract new employees and retain and motivate our existing employees.
For additional information concerning the competitive risks that we face, see Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesThe investment management business is intensely competitive, which could materially adversely impact us.
We are, from time to time, party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including claims and litigation, reviews, investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding our business.
On or about March 21, 2009, an entity known as LLDVF, L.P., which alleges that it is an investor in certain notes with a face amount of $43,500,000 issued by Linens n Things, Inc., or Linens, commenced an action in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against, inter alia, Apollo Management V, L.P., two Apollo partners, certain Apollo investment entities relating to the Linens transaction, certain current and former officers and directors of Linens, and certain other investors in Linens, alleging violations of the Federal Securities Laws and the making of negligent misrepresentations respecting the financial condition and future prospects of Linens from at least March 27, 2007 until May 2, 2008, the date on which Linens filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On July 10, 2009, the plaintiff effectuated service of the summons and complaint on the defendants. As stipulated by the parties and ordered by the court, on September 23, 2009 the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, which asserted the same causes of action as alleged in the original complaint. On November 23, 2009, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaint. On August 12, 2010, the Court granted the defendants motions and dismissed the complaint without prejudice and subsequently agreed to allow plaintiff, until September 30, 2010, to file a second amended complaint in order to cure any deficiencies identified in the Courts ruling. Plaintiff filed its second amended complaint on September 30, 2010, and this most recently amended complaint asserts the same causes of action set forth in its first amended complaint, but no longer names the two Apollo partners as defendants. The parties have agreed to discuss, but have not finalized, a briefing schedule for the defendants expected motion to dismiss this second amended complaint. Currently, the company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted defendants initial motions to dismiss plaintiffs first amended complaint without prejudice, and defendants anticipate moving to dismiss plaintiffs second amended complaint, filed on September 30, 2010, because defendants continue to believe the plaintiffs allegations lack factual and legal merit. In any event, the lawsuit is in its preliminary stages and no discovery has been taken. As a result, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
On July 16, 2008, Apollo was joined as a defendant in a pre-existing purported class action pending in Massachusetts federal court against, among other defendants, numerous private equity firms. The suit alleges that beginning in mid-2003, Apollo and the other private equity firm defendants violated the U.S. antitrust laws by forming bidding clubs or consortia that, among other things, rigged the bidding for control of various public corporations, restricted the supply of private equity financing, fixed the prices for target companies at artificially low levels and allocated amongst themselves an alleged market for private equity services in leveraged buyouts. The suit seeks class action certification, declaratory and injunctive relief, unspecified damages and attorneys fees. On August 27, 2008, Apollo and its co-defendants moved to dismiss plaintiffs complaint and on
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November 20, 2008, the Court granted the companys motion. The Court also dismissed two other defendants, Permira and Merrill Lynch. In an order dated August 18, 2010, the Court granted in part and denied in part plaintiffs motion to expand the complaint and to obtain additional discovery. The Court ruled that plaintiffs could amend the complaint and obtain discovery in a second discovery phase limited to eight additional transactions. The Court gave the plaintiffs until September 17, 2010 to amend the complaint to include the additional eight transactions. On September 17, 2010, the plaintiffs filed a motion to amend the complaint by adding the additional eight transactions and adding Apollo as a defendant. On October 6, 2010, the Court granted plaintiffs motion to file the fourth amended complaint. Currently, the company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted Apollos motion to dismiss plaintiffs initial complaint in 2008, and Apollo intends to file another well-supported motion to dismiss the fourth amended complaint, although no assurance can be given as to the motions outcome. Apollo also believes that regardless of whether its motion to dismiss is granted, plaintiffs claims and allegations lack factual and legal merit. In addition, discovery has not yet begun on the new transactions that plaintiffs propose to add to the litigation. For all of these reasons, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
Apollo believes that each of these actions is without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.
Various state attorneys general and federal and state agencies have initiated industry-wide investigations into the use of placement agents in connection with the solicitation of investments, particularly with respect to investments by public pension funds. Certain affiliates of Apollo have received subpoenas and other requests for information from various government regulatory agencies and investors in Apollos funds, seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. CalPERS, one of our Strategic Investors, announced on October 14, 2009, that it had initiated a special review of placement agents and related issues. Apollo is cooperating with all such investigations and other reviews. In addition, on May 6, 2010, the California Attorney General filed a civil complaint against Alfred Villalobos and his company, Arvco Capital Research, LLC (a placement agent that Apollo has used) and Federico Buenrostro Jr., the former CEO of CalPERS, alleging conduct in violation of certain California laws in connection with CalPERSs purchase of securities in various funds managed by Apollo and another asset manager. Apollo is not a party to the civil lawsuit and the lawsuit does not allege any misconduct on the part of Apollo. Apollo believes that it has handled its use of placement agents in an appropriate manner.
Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, we are of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which we are a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on our financial
Our principal executive offices are located in leased office space at 9 West 57th Street, New York, New York. We also lease the space for our offices in Purchase, NY, London, Los Angeles, Singapore, Frankfurt, Mumbai, Hong Kong and Luxembourg. We do not own any real property. We consider these facilities to be suitable and adequate for the management and operation of our
We believe that one of the strengths and principal reasons for our success is the quality and dedication of our employees. As of June 30, 2010, we employed 418 people. We strive to attract and retain the best talent in the industry.
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Our Partners
Set forth below are the names, ages, numbers of years with Apollo, number of years in the financial services industry and area of operation of each of our executive officers and partners as of the date hereof.
Name |
Age |
Years with
Apollo |
Years in
Industry |
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Executive Officers |
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Leon Black |
59 | 20 | 33 | |||
Joshua Harris |
45 | 20 | 24 | |||
Marc Rowan |
48 | 20 | 26 | |||
Henry Silverman |
70 | 2 | 26 | |||
Gene Donnelly |
52 | <1 | 2 | |||
Barry Giarraputo |
46 | 4 | 26 | |||
John Suydam |
50 | 5 | 26 | |||
James Zelter |
48 | 4 | 25 | |||
Private Equity |
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Andrew Africk |
44 | 18 | 18 | |||
Greg Beard |
38 | <1 | 17 | |||
Marc Becker |
38 | 14 | 16 | |||
Dan Bellissimo |
36 | 4 | 13 | |||
Laurence Berg |
44 | 18 | 22 | |||
Mintoo Bhandari |
45 | 4 | 17 | |||
Anthony Civale |
36 | 11 | 14 | |||
Michael Cohen |
34 | 10 | 12 | |||
Peter Copses |
52 | 20 | 24 | |||
Stephanie Drescher |
37 | 6 | 15 | |||
Robert Falk |
72 | 17 | >35 | |||
Damian Giangiacomo |
34 | 10 | 12 | |||
Andrew Jhawar |
39 | 11 | 16 | |||
Scott Kleinman |
37 | 15 | 17 | |||
Gernot Lohr |
41 | 3 | 15 | |||
Steve Martinez |
41 | 11 | 16 | |||
Lance Milken |
34 | 12 | 12 | |||
Sam Oh |
40 | 2 | 17 | |||
Stan Parker |
34 | 10 | 12 | |||
Sanjay Patel |
49 | 1 | 25 | |||
Eric Press |
45 | 12 | 18 | |||
Ali Rashid |
34 | 8 | 10 | |||
Robert Seminara |
38 | 8 | 17 | |||
Imran Siddiqui |
36 | 2 | 9 | |||
Aaron Stone |
37 | 13 | 15 | |||
Gareth Turner |
46 | 5 | 22 | |||
Jordan Zaken |
35 | 11 | 13 | |||
Capital Markets |
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David Abrams |
43 | 4 | 23 | |||
Rajay Bagaria |
33 | 6 | 11 | |||
Robert Burdick |
47 | 3 | 24 | |||
Patrick Dalton |
42 | 6 | 20 | |||
John Hannan |
57 | 20 | 31 | |||
Abraham Katz |
39 | 6 | 16 | |||
Narayanan Girish Kumar |
43 | 4 | 21 | |||
Joseph Moroney |
38 | 2 | 17 | |||
Robert Ruberton |
35 | 6 | 13 | |||
Justin Sendak |
41 | 3 | 19 | |||
Chin Hwee Tan |
39 | 4 | 15 | |||
Real Estate |
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Joseph Azrack |
63 | 2 | 31 | |||
Grant Kelley |
46 | 1 | 20 | |||
Raymond Mikulich |
57 | <1 | 36 |
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Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it. Pursuant to a delegation of authority from our manager, which may be revoked, our board of directors will establish and maintain audit and conflicts committees of the board of directors that has the responsibilities described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee and Committees of the Board of DirectorsConflicts Committee.
Decisions by our manager are made by its executive committee, which is composed of our three managing partners and our Chief Operating Officer; who serves as a non-voting member. Each managing partner will remain on the executive committee for so long as he is employed by us, provided that Mr. Black, upon his retirement, may at his option remain on the executive committee until his death or disability or any commission of an act that would constitute cause if Mr. Black had still been employed by us. Actions by the executive committee are determined by majority vote of its members, except as to the following matters, as to which Mr. Black will have the right of veto: (i) the designations of directors to our board, or (ii) a sale or other disposition of the Apollo Operating Group and/or its subsidiaries or any portion thereof, through a merger, recapitalization, stock sale, asset sale or otherwise, to an unaffiliated third party (other than through an exchange of Apollo Operating Group units and interests in our Class B share for Class A shares, transfers by a founder or a permitted transferee to another permitted transferee, or the issuance of bona fide equity incentives to any of our non-founder employees) that constitutes (x) a direct or indirect sale of a ratable interest (or substantially ratable interest) in each entity that constitutes the Apollo Operating Group or (y) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Apollo. Exchanges of Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares that are not pro rata among our managing partners or in which each managing partner has the option not to participate are not subject to Mr. Blacks right of veto.
Subject to limited exceptions described in our operating agreement, our manager may not sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions without the approval of holders of a majority of the aggregate number of voting shares outstanding; provided, however, that this does not preclude or limit our managers ability, in its sole discretion, to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries (including for the benefit of persons other than us or our subsidiaries, including affiliates of our manager).
We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. This agreement does not limit the amount of expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates.
Directors and Executive Officers
The following table sets forth certain information about our directors and executive officers. Each of our executive officers serves at the pleasure of our manager, subject to rights under any employment agreement. See Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table. Under our operating agreement, our board of directors has authority to act only when such authority is delegated to it by our manager or the Apollo control condition is not satisfied. See Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a more detailed description of the terms of our operating agreement.
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager shall (i) nominate and elect all directors to our board of directors, (ii) set the number of directors of our board of directors and (iii) fill any vacancies on our board of directors. Our manager has nominated and elected our initial board of directors. After the Apollo
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control condition is no longer satisfied, each of our directors will be elected by the vote of a plurality of our shares entitled to vote, voting as a single class, to serve until his or her successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified or until his or her earlier death, retirement, disqualification, resignation or removal. Our board currently consists of three members.
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager may remove any director, with or without cause, at anytime. After such condition is no longer satisfied, a director or the entire board of directors may be removed by the affirmative vote of holders of 50% or more of the total voting power of our shares.
Upon listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, our manager will appoint at least two additional directors who are independent within the criteria established by the NYSE for independent board members. Following these appointments, we expect that our board of directors will consist of at least six directors. Prior to the listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, our manager is not required by the terms of our operating agreement or otherwise to appoint any independent directors or use the criteria established by the NYSE for independent board members. After such listing, if completed, our manager will be required to establish an audit committee comprised of independent directors using the NYSE criteria, as described below under Committee of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee.
Name |
Age |
Position(s) |
||
Leon Black |
59 | Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||
Joshua Harris |
45 | Senior Managing Director and Director | ||
Marc Rowan |
48 | Senior Managing Director and Director | ||
Henry Silverman |
70 | Vice Chairman, Chief Operating Officer and Director | ||
Gene Donnelly |
52 | Chief Financial Officer | ||
Barry Giarraputo |
46 | Chief Accounting Officer and Controller | ||
John Suydam |
50 | Chief Legal Officer and Chief Compliance Officer | ||
James Zelter |
48 | Managing DirectorCapital Markets |
Leon Black. In 1990, Mr. Black founded Apollo Management, L.P. and Lion Advisors, L.P. to manage investment capital on behalf of a group of institutional investors, focusing on corporate restructuring, leveraged buyouts, and taking minority positions in growth-oriented companies. From 1977 to 1990, Mr. Black worked at Drexel Burnham Lambert Incorporated, where he served as Managing Director, head of the Mergers & Acquisitions Group and co-head of the Corporate Finance Department. Mr. Black serves on the boards of directors of Sirius XM Radio Inc. and the general partner of AAA. Mr. Black is a trustee of Dartmouth College, The Museum of Modern Art, Mount Sinai Hospital, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Prep for Prep, and The Asia Society. He is also a member of The Council on Foreign Relations, The Partnership for New York City and the National Advisory Board of JPMorgan Chase. He is also a member of the boards of directors of FasterCures and the Port Authority Task Force. Mr. Black graduated summa cum laude from Dartmouth College in 1973 with a major in Philosophy and History and received an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1975. Mr. Black has significant experience making and managing private equity investments on behalf of Apollo and has over 33 years experience financing, analyzing and investing in public and private companies. In his prior position with Drexel and in his position at Apollo, Mr. Black is responsible for leading and overseeing teams of professionals. His extensive experience allows Mr. Black to provide insight into various aspects of Apollos business and is of significant value to the board of directors.
Joshua Harris. Mr. Harris co-founded Apollo Management, L.P. in 1990. Prior to 1990, Mr. Harris was a member of the Mergers and Acquisitions Group of Drexel Burnham Lambert Incorporated. Mr. Harris currently serves on the boards of directors of Berry Plastics Corporation, CEVA Logistics and Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc. and Mr. Harris serves as Chairman of the Board for Momentive Performance Materials. Mr. Harris has previously served on the boards of directors of Verso Paper Corp. Metals USA, Nalco Company, Allied Waste Industries, Inc., Pacer International, Inc., General Nutrition Centers, Inc., Furniture Brands International, Compass Minerals Group, Inc., Alliance Imaging, Inc., NRT Inc., Covalence Specialty Materials
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Corp., United Agri Products, Inc., Quality Distribution, Inc., Whitmire Distribution Corp. and Noranda Aluminum. Mr. Harris is actively involved in charitable and political organizations. He is a member of The Federal Reserve Bank of New York Investors Advisory Committee on Financial Markets and is a member of the Corporate Affairs Committee of the Council on Foreign Relations. Mr. Harris serves as Chairman of the Department of Medicine Advisory Board for The Mount Sinai Medical Center and is on the Board of Trustees of the Mount Sinai Medical Center. He is also a member of The University of Pennsylvanias Wharton Undergraduate Executive Board and is on the Board of Trustees for The Dalton School and Harvard Business School. Mr. Harris graduated summa cum laude and Beta Gamma Sigma from the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School of Business with a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics and received his MBA from the Harvard Business School, where he graduated as a Baker and Loeb Scholar. Mr. Harris has significant experience in making and managing private equity investments on behalf of Apollo and has over 24 years experience in financing, analyzing and investing in public and private companies. Mr. Harriss extensive knowledge of Apollos business and experience in a variety of senior leadership roles enhance the breadth of experience of the board of directors.
Marc Rowan. Mr. Rowan co-founded Apollo Management, L.P. in 1990. Prior to that time, Mr. Rowan was a member of the Mergers & Acquisitions Group of Drexel Burnham Lambert Incorporated, with responsibilities in high yield financing, transaction idea generation and merger structure negotiation. Mr. Rowan currently serves on the boards of directors of the general partner of AAA, Athene Re, Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. and Norwegian Cruise Lines. He has previously served on the boards of directors of AMC Entertainment, Inc., Cablecom GmbH, Countrywide plc, Culligan Water Technologies, Inc., Furniture Brands International, Mobile Satellite Ventures, National Cinemedia, Inc., National Financial Partners, Inc., New World Communications, Inc., Quality Distribution, Inc., Samsonite Corporation, SkyTerra Communications Inc., Unity Media SCA, Vail Resorts, Inc. and Wyndham International, Inc. Mr. Rowan is also active in charitable activities. He is a founding member and serves on the executive committee of the Youth Renewal Fund and is a member of the boards of directors of the National Jewish Outreach Program and the Undergraduate Executive Board of the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School of Business. Mr. Rowan graduated summa cum laude from the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School of Business with a BS and an MBA in Finance. Mr. Rowan has significant experience making and managing private equity investments on behalf of Apollo and has over 26 years experience financing, analyzing and investing in public and private companies. Mr. Rowans extensive financial background and expertise in private equity investments enhance the breadth of experience of the board of directors.
Henry Silverman. Mr. Silverman joined Apollo in 2009. From November 2007 through January 2009, Mr. Silverman served as senior advisor to Apollo. Prior to joining Apollo, from July 2006 until November 2007, Mr. Silverman served as Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer of Realogy Corporation, formerly Cendants real estate division. Mr. Silverman was Chief Executive Officer of Cendant Corporation from December 1997 until the completion of Cendants separation plan in August 2006, as well as Chairman of the Board of Directors from July 1998 until August 2006. Mr. Silverman served as President of Cendant from December 1997 until October 2004. Mr. Silverman was Chairman of the Board, Chairman of the Executive Committee, and Chief Executive Officer of HFS Incorporated (Cendant predecessor) from May 1990 until December 1997. Cendant was a Fortune 100 company and the largest global provider of consumer and business services within the travel and residential real estate sectors prior to its separation into several new companies in late 2006. Mr. Silverman continues to serve as a director and Chairman of the Board of Realogy Corporation. In addition, Mr. Silverman is a director and Chairman of the Board of Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. and he serves as a director of the general partner of AAA. Mr. Silverman serves on the Board of Commissioners of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and as a trustee of NYU Langone Medical Center. Mr. Silvermans philanthropy includes Silverman Hall, the Silverman-Rodin scholars and the Silverman Professor of Law at Penn Law School, and the Silverman Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at NYU School of Medicine. Mr. Silverman was awarded the American Heritage Award from the Anti-Defamation League for lifetime achievement in fighting discrimination and was honored for his efforts to promote diversity in the workplace by the Jackie Robinson Foundation and the U.S. Hispanic Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Silverman graduated from Williams College in 1961, and the University of Pennsylvania Law School in 1964, and served as a legal officer in the U.S. Navy Reserve from 1965 to 1972. Mr. Silverman brings to the
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board of directors expertise as a strategist, management and operations experience, and a perspective on business operations and corporate governance in the public company context. In his prior experience as chief executive officer of Cendant, he gained extensive experience working with complex organizations and analyzing investment opportunities, all of which the company believes enhances the resources available to the board of directors.
Gene Donnelly . Mr. Donnelly joined Apollo in 2010, following a 30-year career with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), most recently as PwCs lead client relationship partner for several leading private equity firms. Prior to that role, Mr. Donnelly served as the Global Managing Partner for PwCs advisory and tax practices from 2006 through 2008. During 2000 through 2005, Mr. Donnelly served as Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer for PwCs U.S. firm. Previously, Mr. Donnelly served in PwCs global transaction services practice from 1996 through 2000, and he was the leader of that practice from 1997 through 2000. Before joining PwCs transaction services practice, Mr. Donnelly was with PwCs audit practice from 1979 through 1995, and he was appointed as a partner in 1989. Mr. Donnelly graduated summa cum laude with a BS in Accounting from St. Francis College.
Barry Giarraputo. Mr. Giarraputo joined Apollo in 2006. Prior to that time, Mr. Giarraputo was a Senior Managing Director at Bear Stearns & Co. where he served in a variety of finance roles over nine years. Previous to that, Mr. Giarraputo was with the accounting and auditing firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for 12 years where he was a member of the firms Audit and Business Services Group and was responsible for a number of capital markets clients including broker-dealers, money-center banks, domestic investment companies and offshore hedge funds and related service providers. Mr. Giarraputo is on the Board of Directors for the Association for Children with Down Syndrome where he also serves as the Treasurer and Chairman of the Audit Committee. Mr. Giarraputo has also served as an Adjunct Professor of Accounting at Baruch College where he graduated cum laude in 1985 with a BBA in Accountancy.
John Suydam. Mr. Suydam joined Apollo in 2006. From 2002 through 2006, Mr. Suydam was a partner at OMelveny & Myers LLP, where he served as head of Mergers & Acquisitions and co-head of the Corporate Department. Prior to that, Mr. Suydam served as chairman of the law firm OSullivan, LLP, which specialized in representing private equity investors. Mr. Suydam serves on the board of directors of the Big Apple Circus and he is also a member of the Department of Medicine Advisory Board of The Mount Sinai Medical Center. Mr. Suydam received his JD from New York University and graduated magna cum laude with a BA in History from the State University of New York at Albany.
James Zelter. Mr. Zelter joined Apollo in 2006. Mr. Zelter is the Managing Director of Apollos capital markets business, Chief Executive Officer and director of AIC and director of AIE I . Prior to joining Apollo, Mr. Zelter was with Citigroup Inc. and its predecessor companies from 1994 to 2006. From 2003 to 2005, Mr. Zelter was Chief Investment Officer of Citigroup Alternative Investments, and prior to that he was responsible for the firms Global High Yield franchise. Prior to joining Citigroup in 1994, Mr. Zelter was a High Yield Trader at Goldman, Sachs & Co. Mr. Zelter is a board member of DUMAC, the investment management company that oversees the Duke Endowment and Duke Foundation. Mr. Zelter has a degree in Economics from Duke University.
We intend to continue to employ our current management structure, and, upon the listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, if achieved, we have decided to avail ourselves of the controlled company exception from certain of the NYSE governance rules, which eliminates the requirements that we have a majority of independent directors on our board of directors and that we have a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. In addition, our company will continue to have a manager that manages all our operations and activities, with only limited powers retained by the board of directors, so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied.
Limited Powers of Our Board of Directors
As noted, so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to
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delegate to it. Our manager has delegated to an audit committee of our board of directors the functions described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee and to a conflicts committee the functions described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsConflicts Committee. In the event that the Apollo control condition is not satisfied, our board of directors will manage all of our operations and activities.
Pursuant to a delegation of authority from our manager, which may be revoked, our board of directors has established and at all times will maintain audit and conflicts committees of the board of directors that have the responsibilities described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee and Committees of the Board of DirectorsConflicts Committee.
Where action is required or permitted to be taken by our board of directors or a committee thereof, a majority of the directors or committee members present at any meeting of our board of directors or any committee thereof at which there is a quorum shall be the act of our board or such committee, as the case may be. Our board of directors or any committee thereof may also act by unanimous written consent.
Under the Agreement Among Managing Partners, the vote of a majority of the independent members of our board will decide the following: (i) in the event that a vacancy exists on the executive committee of our managers and the remaining members of the executive committee cannot agree on a replacement, the independent members of our board shall select one of the two nominees to the executive committee of our manager presented to them by the remaining members of such executive committee to fill the vacancy on such executive committee and (ii) in the event that at any time after December 31, 2009, Mr. Black wishes to exercise his ability to cause (x) the direct or indirect sale of a ratable interest (or substantially ratable interest) in each Apollo Operating Group entity, or (y) a sale of all or substantially all of our assets, through a merger, recapitalization, stock sale, asset sale or otherwise, to an unaffiliated third party. We are not a party to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, and neither we nor our shareholders (other than our Strategic Investors, as set forth under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) have any right to enforce the provisions described above. Such provisions can be amended or waived upon agreement of our managing partners at any time.
Committees of the Board of Directors
We have established an audit committee as well as a conflicts committee. Our audit committee has adopted a charter that complies with current federal and NYSE rules relating to corporate governance matters. Our board of directors may from time to time establish other committees of our board of directors.
Audit Committee
The purpose of the audit committee is to assist our manager in overseeing and monitoring (i) the quality and integrity of our financial statements, (ii) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (iii) our independent registered public accounting firms qualifications and independence and (iv) the performance of our independent registered public accounting firm. Our manager intends, on or prior to the planned listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, to cause the members of the audit committee to meet the independence standards for service on an audit committee of a board of directors pursuant to federal securities regulations and NYSE rules relating to corporate governance matters. These rules require that we have one independent member of the audit committee at the time our Class A shares are listed on the NYSE, a majority of independent members within 90 days of listing and a fully independent committee within one year. Pending appointment of independent directors to our audit committee, it is currently comprised of Mr. Silverman.
Conflicts Committee
The purpose of the conflicts committee is to review specific matters that our manager believes may involve conflicts of interest. The conflicts committee will determine whether the resolution of any conflict of interest
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submitted to it is fair and reasonable to us. Any matters approved by the conflicts committee will be conclusively deemed to be fair and reasonable to us and not a breach by us of any duties that we may owe to our shareholders. In addition, the conflicts committee may review and approve any related person transactions, other than those that are approved pursuant to our related person policy, as described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsStatement of Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons, and may establish guidelines or rules to cover specific categories of transactions.
Lack of Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
We do not have a compensation committee. Our managing partners have historically made all final determinations regarding executive officer compensation. Our manager has determined that maintaining our existing compensation practices as closely as possible is desirable and intends that these practices will continue. Accordingly, our manager does not intend to establish a compensation committee of our board of directors. For a description of certain transactions between us and our managing partners see Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
Overview of Compensation Philosophy
Alignment of interests with investors and shareholders. Our principal compensation philosophy is to align the interests of our managing partners, contributing partners, and other senior professionals with those of our Class A shareholders and fund investors. This alignment, which we believe is a key driver of our success, has been achieved principally by our managing partners and contributing partners direct ownership of equity in our business in the form of Apollo Operating Group units, our contributing partners ownership of rights to receive a portion of the management fees and incentive income earned for management of our funds, the direct investment by both our managing partners and our contributing partners in our funds, and our practice of making annual bonus payments partly in the form of equity-based grants that are subject to vesting. As a result of this alignment, the compensation of our professionals is closely tied to the performance of our businesses.
Significant personal investment. Like our fund investors and Class A shareholders, our managing partners and contributing partners make significant personal investments in our funds (as more fully described under Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions), directly or indirectly, and our professionals who receive carried interests in our funds are generally required to invest their own capital in the funds they manage in amounts that are proportionate to the size of their participation in incentive income. We believe that this ownership ensures that our professionals have significant capital at risk and reinforces the linkage between the success of the funds we manage, the success of the company and the compensation paid to our professionals.
Long-term performance and commitment. Most of our professionals have been issued RSUs, which provide rights to receive Class A shares and distributions on those shares. The managing partners and contributing partners pecuniary interests in Apollo Operating Group units are subject to a five or six year vesting schedule, and the RSUs are also subject to a vesting schedule (generally ranging from three to six years). In addition, AAA incentive units held by certain of our professionals are subject to vesting over three years. The vesting requirements for these awards contribute to our professionals focus on long-term performance while enhancing retention of these professionals.
Discouragement of excessive risk-taking. Although investments in alternative assets can pose risks, we believe that our compensation program includes significant elements that discourage excessive risk-taking while aligning the compensation of our professionals with our long-term performance. For example, notwithstanding that we accrue compensation for our carried interest programs (described below) as increases in the value of the
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portfolio investments are recorded in the related funds, we generally make cash payments of carried interest to our employees only after profitable investments have actually been realized. This helps to ensure that our professionals take a long-term view that is consistent with the companys and our shareholders interests. Moreover, if a fund fails to achieve specified investment returns due to diminished performance of later investments, our carried interest program relating to that fund generally permits, for the benefit of the limited partner investors in that fund, the return of carried interest payments previously made to us, our contributing partners or our other employees. These provisions discourage excessive risk-taking and promote a long-term view that is consistent with the interests of our investors and shareholders. Our requirement that our professionals invest in the funds we manage further aligns the interests of our professionals, fund investors and Class A shareholders. Finally, the significant vesting provisions of our RSUs, Apollo Operating Group units and AAA incentive units noted above discourage excessive risk-taking because the value of these units is tied directly to the long-term performance of our Class A shares.
Compensation Elements for Named Executive Officers
Consistent with our emphasis on alignment of interests with our fund investors and Class A shareholders, compensation elements tied to the profitability of our different businesses and that of the funds that we manage are, except for our vice chairman and chief operating officer, Henry Silverman, the primary means of compensating our five executive officers listed in the tables below, or the named executive officers. As we describe below, Mr. Silverman was compensated primarily in cash in 2009, but we expect to grant him options to acquire Class A shares, which will provide him with rights to acquire an equity stake in the company. The key elements of the compensation of our named executive officers during fiscal year 2009 are described below. We distinguish among the compensation components applicable to our five named executive officers as appropriate in the below summary. Mr. Black is a member of the group referred to elsewhere in this prospectus as the managing partners, and Mr. Zelter is a member of the group referred to elsewhere in this prospectus as the contributing partners.
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Annual Salary . Each of our named executive officers receives an annual salary. Pursuant to his employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement entered into in connection with the Reorganization (discussed below), Mr. Black receives a base salary of $100,000 per year. After the expiration of the five-year term of his employment agreement, his compensation will be determined by our manager if the Apollo control condition is then satisfied, or otherwise by our board of directors. We expect to re-examine the $100,000 salary for Mr. Black as we approach the end of his employment agreement term in 2012. The base salaries of our named executive officers who are not managing partners are set forth in the Summary Compensation Table below, and those base salaries were set by our managing partners in their judgment after considering the historic compensation levels of the officer, competitive market dynamics, and each officers level of responsibility and anticipated contributions to our overall success. We did not increase the base salary of any of our named executive officers in 2009. |
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Annual Bonus. Most of our professionals are eligible to receive discretionary annual bonuses, including Messrs. Vecchione, Zelter and Suydam (but not Messrs. Black or Silverman). The inclusion of annual bonuses as part of our overall compensation rewards superior performance and enables us to attract and retain talented professionals by enhancing our capacity to offer competitive compensation opportunities. Mr. Zelter is also entitled to receive an annual bonus based on the management fee and incentive income of certain of our businesses in which he participates, which encourages him to maintain a long-term focus on the performance of those businesses and to contain their operating costs. Annual bonuses are generally paid partly in cash and partly in the form of Bonus Grants (as defined below), which are subject to vesting over three years and are described below under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. As a result of his cessation of employment on March 31, 2010, Mr. Vecchione did not receive a Bonus Grant, which would have constituted the equity portion of his annual bonus, in respect of his 2009 service (see below under Narrative |
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Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableEmployment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, and subsequent Separation Letter, with Former Chief Financial Officer). |
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Plan Grants. In addition to annual Bonus Grants, following the Reorganization we made Plan Grants (as defined below) of RSUs to most of our professionals, including Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam. These awards, which are subject to multi-year vesting and phased issuance of the Class A shares underlying the RSUs, are described below under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. |
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Carried Interest. Carried interests with respect to our funds confer rights to receive distributions if a distribution is made to investors following the realization of an investment or receipt of operating profit from an investment by the fund. These rights provide their holders with substantial incentives to attain strong returns in a manner that does not subject their significant capital investment in the company to excessive risk. Distributions of carried interest generally are subject to contingent repayment if the fund fails to achieve specified investment returns due to diminished performance of later investments. The actual gross amount of carried interest allocations available is a function of the performance of the applicable fund. For these reasons, we believe that carried interest participation aligns the interests of our professionals with those of our Class A shareholders and fund investors. Our financial statements characterize the carried interest income allocated to participating professionals as compensation, and accruals of this compensation expense (rather than actual distributions paid) are therefore included in the All Other Compensation column of the summary compensation table. Mr. Black participates in the carried interests of the general partners of our underlying funds indirectly, through his ownership of Apollo Operating Group units. Mr. Zelter also participates in the carried interests of the general partners of our underlying funds, both through his indirect ownership of Apollo Operating Group units and RSUs and his direct rights to carried interest with respect to certain of our funds. In addition, Mr. Suydam participates, and Mr. Vecchione participated, directly in the carried interests of the general partners of certain of our funds. While direct carried interests are generally subject to vesting, Mr. Vecchiones carried interests provided rights to distributions only during employment and were forfeited upon his employment termination on March 31, 2010. Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam also participate indirectly in carried interests through their ownership of RSUs. Mr. Silverman is not entitled to carried interests in any of our funds. |
Determination of Compensation of Named Executive Officers
Our managing partners make all final determinations regarding named executive officer compensation. Decisions about a named executive officers cash bonus and grants of equity-based awards are based primarily on our managing partners assessment of such named executive officers individual performance, operational performance for the department or division in which the officer (other than a managing partner) serves, and the officers impact on our overall operating performance and potential to contribute to long-term shareholder value. In evaluating these factors, our managing partners do not utilize quantitative performance targets but rather rely upon their judgment about each named executive officers performance to determine an appropriate reward for the current years performance. The determinations by our managing partners are ultimately subjective, are not tied to specified annual, qualitative and individual objectives or performance factors, and reflect discussions among the managing partners. Key factors that our managing partners consider in making such determinations include the officers nature, scope and level of responsibility and overall contribution to our success. Our managing partners also consider each named executive officers prior-year compensation, the appropriate balance between incentives for long-term and short-term performance, competitive market dynamics and the compensation paid to the named executive officers peers within the company. Unlike the compensation of the other named executive officers, Mr. Silvermans compensation has consisted almost exclusively of base salary. Given Mr. Silvermans track record in building companies and his unique set of skills, experiences and relationships, the managing partners determined that it was appropriate to
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respect his request that most of his compensation be paid currently and in cash. However, we expect to grant Mr. Silverman options to acquire Class A shares, which will provide him with rights to acquire an equity stake in the company.
Note on Distributions on Apollo Operating Group Units
We note that all of our managing partners and contributing partners, including Mr. Black and Mr. Zelter, beneficially own Apollo Operating Group units. In particular, after giving effect to the IPO, the managing partners own, through their interest in BRH and Holdings, % of the total limited partner interests in the Apollo Operating Group (as described above in Prospectus SummaryStructure and Formation of the Company). When made, distributions on these units (which are made on both vested and unvested units) are generally in the same amount per unit as distributions made to us in respect of the Apollo Operating Group units we hold. Accordingly, although distributions on Apollo Operating Group units are distributions on equity rather than compensation, they play a central role in aligning our managing partners and contributing partners interests with those of our Class A shareholders, which is consistent with our fundamental philosophy.
The following summary compensation table sets forth information concerning the compensation earned by, awarded to or paid to our principal executive officer, our principal financial officer and our three other most highly compensated executive officers for services rendered in 2009. Managing partners Messrs. Harris and Rowan are not included in the table because their compensation does not result in either of them being among the three most highly compensated executive officers after Messrs. Black and Vecchione. Our managing partners earnings derive predominantly from distributions they receive as a result of their indirect ownership of Apollo Operating Group units and their rights under the tax receivable agreement (described elsewhere in this prospectus, including above under Cash Dividend Policy), rather than from compensation. The officers named in the table are referred to as the named executive officers.
Name and Principal Position |
Year |
Salary
($) |
Bonus
($) (2) |
Stock
Awards ($) (3) |
All
Other
Compensation ($) (5) |
Total
($) |
||||||||
Leon Black, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
2009 | 100,000 | | | 687,391 | 787,391 | ||||||||
Kenneth Vecchione, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President (resigned from this position effective January 22, 2010) |
2009 | 1,293,750 | 1,100,000 | 136,800 | (4) | 348,123 | 2,878,673 | |||||||
Henry Silverman, Vice Chairman, Chief Operating Officer and Director |
2009 | 6,416,667 | (1) | | | 583,333 | 7,000,000 | |||||||
James Zelter, Managing Director Capital Markets |
2009 | | 4,161,076 | 704,878 | 7,200,013 | 12,065,967 | ||||||||
John Suydam, Chief Legal Officer and Chief Compliance Officer |
2009 | 400,000 | 3,337,500 | 228,000 | 951,058 | 4,916,558 |
(1) | Represents the portion of Mr. Silvermans salary received from February 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009. Prior to becoming our chief operating officer, Mr. Silverman provided services as a consultant and was paid the consulting fee described in footnote 5 and included in the All Other Compensation column. |
(2) | Represents cash bonuses earned in 2009 or waived for investment pursuant to the terms of the fee waiver program described below under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsFee Waiver Program. |
(3) | Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of stock awards (specifically, Bonus Grant RSUs) granted in 2009, computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. See note 12 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further information concerning the assumptions made in valuing our RSU awards. The amounts shown do not reflect compensation actually received by the named executive officers, but instead represent the aggregate grant date fair value of the awards. |
(4) | At the time of his termination of employment on March 31, 2010, Mr. Vecchione had vested in one third of this award and the remainder of the award was forfeited. |
(5) |
Amounts represent an amount of compensation expense recorded by us on an accrual basis in respect of carried interest allocations to Messrs. Vecchione, Zelter and Suydam in 2009. These amounts do not reflect actual cash carried interest distributions to these named executive officers. For GAAP reporting purposes, these amounts are classified as compensation expense due to the accrual of carried interest related to unrealized investments as of the last day of the relevant period as if the investments in the funds generating such |
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carried interest were realized at such time. Compensation expense may also be negative in the event of a reversal of previously allocated carried interest due to negative adjustments in the fair value of certain portfolio investments. The ultimate amount of actual carried interest distributions that may be generated in connection with fund investments and subsequently distributed to our named executive officers may be more or less than the amounts indicated and is not knowable at this time. |
The All Other Compensation column also includes the following:
(a) $79,000 in fees paid to Mr. Vecchione for his service as a member of the Board of Directors of Affinion Group, a portfolio company of one of our funds, and Affinion stock options having an aggregate grant date fair value (computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718) of $122,720.
(b) Distributions to Mr. Black that had accrued with respect to carried interests earned prior to the Reorganization in the amount of $512,539.
(c) A consulting fee of $583,333 paid to Mr. Silverman for services he provided to us prior to becoming our chief operating officer.
(d) Costs relating to company-provided cars and drivers for the business and personal use of Mr. Black. We provide this benefit to Mr. Black because we believe that its cost is outweighed by the convenience, increased efficiency and added security that it offers to him. The cost of Mr. Blacks personal use was approximately $140,202. This amount includes both fixed and variable costs, including lease costs, driver compensation, driver meals, fuel, parking, tolls, maintenance and insurance.
(e) Tickets to sporting events for Mr. Blacks personal use having an aggregate incremental cost (based on the full price of the tickets used) of $26,400.
Except as discussed above in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this footnote 5, no perquisites or personal benefits individually exceeded the greater of $25,000 or 10% of the total amount of all perquisites and other personal benefits reported for the named executive officer. The cost of excess liability insurance provided to Mr. Black falls below this threshold. None of Messrs. Vecchione, Zelter, Silverman or Suydam received perquisites or personal benefits in 2009, except for incidental benefits having an aggregate value of less than $10,000 per individual. Our named executive officers also receive occasional secretarial support with respect to personal matters. We incur no incremental cost for the provision of such additional benefits. Finally, Messrs. Black and Zelter make business and personal use of various aircraft in which we have fractional interests, and each bears the aggregate incremental cost of his personal usage. Accordingly, no such amount is included in the Summary Compensation Table.
Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table
Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement with Chief Executive Officer
In connection with the Reorganization, we entered into an employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with Mr. Black. The term of his agreement is the five years concluding July 13, 2012. He has the right to terminate his employment voluntarily at any time, but we may terminate his employment only for cause or by reason of disability.
Mr. Black is entitled during his employment to an annual salary of $100,000 and to participate in our employee benefit plans, as in effect from time to time. He currently participates only in the companys group health plans.
The employment agreement requires Mr. Black to protect the confidential information of Apollo both during and after employment. In addition, until one year after his employment terminates, Mr. Black is required to refrain from soliciting employees under the circumstances specified therein or interfering with our relationships with investors and to refrain from competing with us in a business that involves primarily ( i.e. , more than 50%) third-party capital, whether or not the termination occurs during the term of the agreement or thereafter. These post-termination covenants survive any termination or expiration of the Agreement Among Managing Partners.
We may terminate Mr. Blacks employment during the term of the employment agreement solely for cause or by reason of his disability. His employment agreement defines cause as a final, non-appealable conviction of or plea of no contest to a felony that prohibits him from continuing to provide his services as an investment professional due to legal restriction or physical confinement or the occurrence of a final, non-appealable legal restriction that precludes him from serving as an investment professional. Disability is defined as any physical or mental incapacity that prevents Mr. Black from carrying out all or substantially all of his duties for any period of 180 consecutive days or any aggregate period of eight months in any 12-month period as determined by the executive committee of our manager. If Mr. Black becomes subject to a potential termination for cause or by reason of disability, our manager may appoint an investment professional to perform his functional responsibilities and duties until cause or disability definitively results in his termination or is determined not to
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have occurred, but the manager may so appoint an investment professional only if Mr. Black is unable to perform his responsibilities and duties or, as a matter of fiduciary duty, should be prohibited from doing so. During any such period, Mr. Black shall continue to serve on the executive committee of our manager unless otherwise prohibited from doing so pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners.
Under his employment agreement, if we terminate Mr. Blacks employment for cause or his employment is terminated by reason of death or disability, or if he terminates his employment voluntarily, he (or his estate) will be paid only his accrued but unpaid salary through the date of termination.
Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, and subsequent Separation Letter, with Former Chief Financial Officer
On October 29, 2007, we entered into an employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with our former chief financial officer, Kenneth Vecchione. We describe this agreement because it was in effect for the entirety of 2009 and is reflected in the amounts shown in the Summary Compensation Table, but we note that on February 1, 2010, it was superseded in part by a letter agreement entered into by Mr. Vecchione and Apollo, which we refer to as the separation letter and discuss below.
Under his employment agreement, Mr. Vecchione had been entitled to an annual salary of $1,250,000 (which amount had been increased to $1,293,750) and to an annual bonus target of 100% of his annual salary. The actual amount of Mr. Vecchiones bonus each year was determined by the managing partners in their discretion. During his employment, Mr. Vecchione has been eligible to participate in our employee benefit plans as in effect from time to time. Had his employment been terminated by the company without cause or by him for good reason (as those terms are defined in the employment agreement), the employment agreement would have entitled Mr. Vecchione to severance in an amount equal to 12 months base salary. Upon his termination by the company without cause, by him for good reason, or by reason of death or disability, the employment agreement also provided for additional vesting of his Plan Grant RSUs in an amount equal to the lesser of 50% of his then-unvested Plan Grant RSUs or that number of Plan Grant RSUs scheduled to vest in the next 24 months.
The employment agreement required Mr. Vecchione to protect the confidential information of Apollo both during and after employment and, both during and for a two-year period after employment, to refrain from soliciting employees under the circumstances specified therein or interfering with our relationships with investors and to refrain from competing with us in a business that manages or invests in assets substantially similar to Apollo or its affiliates, whether or not the termination occurs during the term of the agreement or thereafter. The separation letter specifically preserves these obligations, as well as the restrictive covenants contained in his RSU agreement (discussed below under Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control).
In accordance with the separation letter, Mr. Vecchione remained our employee until March 31, 2010, with responsibility for transitioning his duties as our chief financial officer and assisting in the filing of this registration statement. Mr. Vecchiones resignation from Apollo did not entitle him to severance under his employment agreement, and no amounts were paid to him under the employment agreement as a result of his employment termination. However, in consideration for providing the above-described services through his employment termination date, the separation letter entitles Mr. Vecchione to a payment of $893,000, which was paid on March 31, 2010, and to the payment of legal fees incurred in entering into the separation letter. Mr. Vecchione will not receive the portion of his annual bonus that would have been paid to him in the form of a Bonus Grant (described below under Awards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan) had his employment continued.
Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement with Chief Operating Officer
We entered into an employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with our vice chairman and chief operating officer, Henry Silverman, effective February 1, 2009. The agreements initial term ends on
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December 31, 2012. Under his employment agreement, Mr. Silverman is entitled to an annual salary of $7,000,000. The agreement provides that during the term, Mr. Silverman will refrain from providing services to or on behalf of any non-Apollo investment fund. We may terminate Mr. Silvermans employment for any reason and Mr. Silverman has the right to terminate his employment voluntarily at any time, in each case following three months notice. If Apollo terminates Mr. Silvermans employment prior to the last day of the term, he will be entitled to receive, in a lump sum in cash, the remaining compensation due to him with respect to his services through the end of the term.
The employment agreement requires Mr. Silverman to protect the confidential information of Apollo both during and after employment, and, both during and for a six-month period after employment, to refrain from soliciting employees under the circumstances specified therein or interfering with our relationships with investors and to refrain from competing with us in a business that manages or invests in assets substantially similar to Apollo or its affiliates, whether or not the termination occurs during the term of the agreement or thereafter.
Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement and Roll-Up Agreement with Managing DirectorCapital Markets
We entered into an employment agreement with our managing director for our capital markets business, James Zelter, on May 15, 2006. The agreement was amended in connection with the Reorganization, when Mr. Zelter entered into a Roll-Up Agreement dated as of July 13, 2007, and this discussion refers to the employment agreement as so amended. The agreement provides Mr. Zelter with the right to participate in net management fee income and incentive income attributable to various funds managed by us. It also entitles Mr. Zelter to carried interests in one of our private equity funds, which carried interest rights are subject to vesting. A portion of Mr. Zelters total annual compensation is payable in the form of a Bonus Grant, as discussed below under the section entitled, Awards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. In connection with the management and incentive income rights provided to him under the employment agreement, Mr. Zelter is required to make significant investments of his own capital in various of our funds.
In the event of his termination without cause (as defined in the applicable partnership agreement) and other than by reason of death or disability, Mr. Zelter will vest in his rights to receive carried interests in the private equity fund in which he received carried interests pursuant to his employment agreement and will continue to receive payments with respect to the other funds in which he has rights to receive management fee and incentive income for one year after his employment termination. With respect to his Apollo Operating Group units, in the event of a termination by the company without cause, by himself for good reason, or due to disability (as these terms are defined in the Roll-Up Agreement) or death, Mr. Zelter will generally vest in additional Apollo Operating Group units equal to one half of his then-unvested Apollo Operating Group units.
Mr. Zelter is subject to the restrictive covenants contained in his Roll-Up Agreement, as discussed under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsRoll-Up Agreements.
Awards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan
On October 23, 2007, we adopted our 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (described below under 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan). To date, the only awards made under the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan have been grants of RSUs, although we expect to grant options to Mr. Silverman. Grants of RSUs to certain of our named executive officers have been made pursuant to two programs, which we call the Plan Grants and the Bonus Grants. Following the Reorganization, Plan Grants were made to Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam and a broad range of our other employees. The Plan Grants generally vest over six years, with the first installment becoming vested approximately one year after grant and the balance vesting thereafter in equal quarterly installments. As we pay ordinary distributions on our outstanding Class A shares, recipients of Plan Grants receive distribution equivalents on their vested RSUs. Once vested, the Class A shares underlying the Plan Grants generally are issued on fixed dates as follows: 7.5% of the interests are generally issued on each of the
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second, third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of June 2008, with the remaining 70% issued in seven equal installments over the seven calendar quarters beginning June 2014. The administrator of the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan determines when shares issued pursuant to the Plan Grants may be disposed of, except that a participant will generally be permitted to sell shares if necessary to cover taxes. Pursuant to the RSU award agreement provided to them in connection with their Plan Grants, Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam are subject to non-competition restrictions during employment and for up to two years after employment termination.
During the restricted period set forth in a participants award agreement evidencing his Plan Grant, the participant will not (i) engage in any business activity in which the company operates, (ii) render any services to any competitive business or (iii) acquire a financial interest in, or become actively involved with, any competitive business (other than as a passive holding of less than a specified percentage of publicly traded companies). In addition, the grant recipient will be subject to non-solicitation, non-hire and non-interference covenants during employment and for up to two years thereafter. Each grant recipient is generally also bound to a non-disparagement covenant with respect to us and the managing partners and to confidentiality restrictions. Any resignation by a grant recipient shall generally require at least 90 days notice. Any restricted period applicable to the grant recipient will commence after the notice of termination period.
The RSUs advance several goals of our compensation program. The Plan Grants align employee interests with those of our shareholders by making our employees, upon delivery of the underlying Class A shares, shareholders themselves. Because they vest over time, the Plan Grants reward employees for sustained contributions to the company and foster retention. The size of the Plan Grants is determined by the Plan administrator based on the grantees level of responsibility and contributions to the company. The restrictive covenants contained in the RSU agreements reinforce our culture of fiduciary protection of our investors by requiring RSU holders to abide by the provisions regarding non-competition, confidentiality and other limitations on behavior described in the immediately preceding paragraph.
The Bonus Grants are also grants of RSUs under the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. However, the Bonus Grants constitute payment of a portion of the annual compensation payable to certain of our professionals, including Messrs. Zelter, Vecchione and Suydam, subject to the employees continued service through the vesting dates. Bonus Grants differ from Plan Grants in the following principal ways:
|
The RSU Shares underlying Bonus Grants are scheduled to vest in three equal annual installments, on December 31 of the year in which the Bonus Grants are granted, and December 31 of each of the next two years. |
|
The RSU Shares underlying Bonus Grants are issued not later than March 15th of the year after the year in which they vest. |
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Distribution equivalents accrue on Bonus Grant RSUs from the grant date, rather than from the vesting date. |
|
Bonus Grants do not contain restrictive covenants (however, an individual who has received both a Plan Grant and a Bonus Grant remains subject to the restrictive covenants contained in his or her Plan Grant). |
AAA Unit Awards
In addition to the Plan Grants and Bonus Grants, management companies that manage investments in our funds provide a portion of the compensation paid to certain of their professionals in the form of incentive units that provide the right to receive shares of restricted depositary units of AAA. As discussed above under Prospectus SummaryStrategic InvestmentsAP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA), AAA is a publicly-listed, permanent capital vehicle, which invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored funds and other investments. These awards are granted pursuant to the Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit
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Plan, which is described below under, Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan. Mr. Suydam and Mr. Zelter are the only named executive officers to have received grants of AAA incentive units under the plan. Mr. Black received fully vested AAA RDUs as a non-cash distribution in connection with the Reorganization on March 15, 2007 and March 14, 2008. Mr. Zelter also received fully vested RDUs on March 14, 2008. Because AAA invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored entities, funds, and other investments, the RDUs further align the interests of their recipients with those of our investors and shareholders. No RDUs or incentive units providing rights to receive RDUs were granted to our named executive officers in 2009.
The following table presents information regarding the equity-based awards granted to the named executive officers under a plan in 2009. All such awards were granted under the Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan.
Name |
Grant Date |
Stock Awards:
|
Grant Date
($) (2) |
|||
Leon Black |
|
|
|
|||
Kenneth Vecchione |
March 13, 2009 |
60,000 |
136,800 (3) |
|||
Henry Silverman |
|
|
|
|||
James Zelter |
March 13, 2009 |
309,157 |
704,878 |
|||
John Suydam |
March 13, 2009 |
100,000 |
228,000 |
(1) | Represents the aggregate number of Bonus Grant RSUs (one third of which are vested) covering our Class A shares. For a discussion of these grants, please see the discussion above under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. The March 2009 RSU Bonus Grants related primarily to services performed in 2008 but were contingent on continued service through March 13, 2009. |
(2) | Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the Bonus Grant RSUs granted in 2009, computed in accordance with ASC Topic 718. The amount shown does not reflect compensation actually received, but instead represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the award. |
(3) | At the time of his termination of employment on March 31, 2010, Mr. Vecchione had vested in one third of this stock award and the remainder of the award was forfeited. |
Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End
The following table presents information regarding the outstanding unvested equity awards made by us to each of our named executive officers on or prior to December 31, 2009.
Name |
Source of Award |
Number of
Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#) |
Market or Payout
Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($) |
|||||
Leon Black |
Apollo Operating Group Units | 46,054,560 | (1) | 276,327,360 | (6) | |||
Kenneth Vecchione |
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
402,920
40,000 |
(2)
(3) |
2,417,520
240,000 |
(7)
(7) |
|||
Henry Silverman |
| | | |||||
James Zelter |
Apollo Operating Group Units |
1,401,120 | (1) | 8,406,720 | (6) | |||
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
206,105 | (3) | 1,236,630 | (7) | ||||
John Suydam |
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
668,403 | (4) | 4,010,418 | (7) | |||
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
66,667 | (3) | 400,002 | (7) | ||||
Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan |
11,111 | (5) | 74,444 | (8) |
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(1) | Vest in equal monthly installments over the 72 months beginning January 1, 2007. |
(2) | The first installment (121,354) of these Plan Grant RSUs vested on December 31, 2008 and the remainder vest in 20 equal quarterly installments beginning March 31, 2009. |
(3) | Bonus Grant RSUs that vest in equal annual installments on December 31 of each of 2009, 2010 and 2011. |
(4) | The first installment (286,458) of these Plan Grant RSUs vested on December 31, 2008 and the remainder vest in 18 equal quarterly installments beginning March 31, 2009. |
(5) | AAA incentive units that vest in equal annual installments on December 31 of each of 2008, 2009 and 2010. |
(6) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of unvested Apollo Operating Group units held by the named executive officer by the closing price of $6.00 per Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC on December 31, 2009. |
(7) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of unvested RSUs held by the named executive officer by the closing price of $6.00 per Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC on December 31, 2009. The amounts shown for the unvested Plan Grant RSUs do not reflect the discount that would be applied to such RSUs in light of the fact that the holders thereof are not entitled to receive distribution equivalents. |
(8) | Amount calculated by multiplying the number of unvested AAA incentive units held by the named executive officer by the closing price of $6.70 per common unit of AAA on December 31, 2009. |
Option Exercises and Stock Vested
The following table presents information regarding the number of outstanding initially unvested equity awards made to our named executive officers that vested during 2009. This table depicts three types of equity-based awards:
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Apollo Operating Group units received by Messrs. Black and Zelter, which units vest on a monthly basis over six years; |
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RSUs that vest over three years or six years; and |
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AAA incentive units that vest over three years. |
Stock Awards |
|||||||
Name |
Type of Award |
Number of Shares
Acquired on Vesting (#) |
Value Realized on Vesting
($) |
||||
Leon Black |
Apollo Operating Group Units | 15,351,530 | 52,451,027 | (1) | |||
Kenneth Vecchione |
RSUs |
120,730 | 522,920 | (2) | |||
Henry Silverman |
| | | ||||
James Zelter |
Apollo Operating Group Units |
400,320 | 1,367,760 | (1) | |||
RSUs |
103,052 | 618,312 | (2) | ||||
AAA Incentive Units |
16,667 | 111,669 | (3) | ||||
John Suydam |
RSUs |
224,305 | 963,886 | (2) | |||
AAA Incentive Units |
19,445 | 130,282 | (3) |
(1) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of Apollo Operating Group units beneficially held by the named executive officer that vested on each month-end vesting date in 2009 by the closing price per Class A share on that date. |
(2) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of RSUs held by the named executive officer that vested on each applicable quarter-end or year-end vesting date in 2009 by the closing price per Class A share on that date. Class A shares underlying these vested RSUs are issued to the named executive officer in accordance with the schedules described above under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. |
(3) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of AAA incentive units held by the named executive officer that vested on December 31, 2009 by the closing price per AAA common unit on that date. AAA RDUs underlying these vested AAA incentive units were issued to the named executive officer on March 12, 2010. |
Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control
None of the named executive officers is entitled to payment or other benefits in connection with a change in control.
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Mr. Blacks employment agreement does not provide for severance or other payments or benefits in connection with an employment termination. Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, Mr. Black vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments. For purposes of these vesting provisions, Mr. Black is credited for his employment with us since January 1, 2007. Upon a termination for cause, 50% of his then-unvested Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units will vest. Upon a termination as a result of his death or disability, 100% of his interest shall vest. We may not terminate Mr. Black except for cause or by reason of disability.
Similar to Mr. Black, Mr. Zelter vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments, with vesting beginning on January 1, 2007. Pursuant to his Roll-Up Agreement, upon a termination without cause or for good reason or a termination by reason of disability (as such terms are defined in the Roll-Up Agreement) or death, 50% of Mr. Zelters then-unvested Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units will generally vest. In the event of his termination without cause (as defined in the applicable partnership agreement) and other than by reason of death or disability, Mr. Zelter will vest in his rights to receive carried interests in the private equity fund in which he received carried interests pursuant to his employment agreement and will continue to receive payments with respect to the other funds in which he has rights to receive management fee and incentive income for one year after his employment termination.
Mr. Silvermans employment agreement entitles him to be paid his annual salary through December 31, 2012 if his employment is terminated by Apollo for any reason before such date.
Upon Mr. Suydams employment termination without cause, for good reason or by reason of disability (as such terms are defined in his Plan Grant) or death, 50% of his then-unvested Plan Grant RSUs will vest. Mr. Suydam is not entitled to any severance payments upon his employment termination.
Mr. Vecchiones employment agreement has been superseded in part by his separation letter (which is discussed above under Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, and subsequent Separation Letter, with Former Chief Financial Officer), but his employment agreement provided the basis for the severance shown on the below table, which is measured as of December 31, 2009. Mr. Vecchiones employment agreement provided for 12 months of base salary if he is terminated by the company without cause or he resigns for good reason, contingent upon the effective execution of a general release of claims.
Mr. Vecchiones Plan Grant provides that upon Mr. Vecchiones termination due to his death or disability, by us without cause or by his resignation for good reason, he will vest in the lesser of (i) 50% of those RSUs that remain subject to the award and (ii) those RSUs that would have vested during the 24 months following the date of termination. The administrator of the 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan also may accelerate the vesting of any Plan Grants. As provided in his separation letter, Mr. Vecchione will not receive this additional vesting on his RSUs in connection with his employment termination. Instead, his RSUs were vested only through his employment termination date. The Plan Grant agreement with Mr. Vecchione contains covenants not to disclose or use our confidential information and not to disparage us following termination. In addition, the Plan Grant agreement provides that Mr. Vecchione may not compete with us or solicit our employees during employment and for two years after his resignation and one year following his termination for any other reason, which obligations are affirmed in his separation letter.
Our determination of appropriate severance for Messrs. Silverman and Vecchione under their employment agreements was based on our managing partners subjective assessment of what would be fair and reasonable in the circumstances in light of their responsibilities, historic compensation, prior job experience, and duration of their post-employment noncompetition period and on discussions with them. The severance levels were fixed at the time the agreements were negotiated and signed and are not intended to be a measure of corporate performance at the time of employment termination. Mr. Vecchione voluntarily resigned from Apollo and the separation payment was accordingly made to him pursuant to his February 1, 2010 separation letter rather than his employment agreement.
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The following table lists the estimated amounts that would have been payable to each of our named executive officers in connection with a termination that occurred on the last day of our last completed fiscal year. Although Mr. Vecchiones payments in connection with his termination are now known and are specified in his separation letter, the below information is required to be provided. When listing the potential payments to named executive officers under the plans and agreements described above, we have assumed that the applicable triggering event occurred on December 31, 2009 and that the price per share of our common stock was $6.00, which is equal to the closing price on such date. For purposes of this table, RSU acceleration values are based on the $6.00 closing price.
Name |
Estimated
Value of Cash Payments (Base Salary and Annual Bonus Amounts) ($) (1) |
Estimated
Value of Equity Acceleration ($) |
|||
Leon Black | | 138,163,680 | (2) | ||
Kenneth Vecchione | 1,293,750 | 1,208,760 | (3) | ||
Henry Silverman | 21,000,000 | | |||
James Zelter | | 4,203,360 | (4) | ||
John Suydam | | 2,005,209 | (5) |
(1) | For Messrs. Vecchione and Silverman, the amounts shown apply in the event of an involuntary termination without cause (neither Mr. Vecchione nor Mr. Silverman was entitled on December 31, 2009 to any payment in the event of a voluntary resignation or a termination by reason of death). |
(2) | This amount represents the additional equity vesting that Mr. Black would receive on a termination for cause on December 31, 2009, based on the closing price of a Class A share on such date. Please see our Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End table for information regarding his unvested equity holdings as of December 31, 2009. In the event of Mr. Blacks termination by reason of death or disability, his pecuniary interest in Apollo Operating Group units would vest in full. Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Blacks employment is not subject to termination by the company without cause. |
(3) | This amount represents the additional equity vesting that Mr. Vecchione would have received had his employment been terminated by the company without cause, by reason of his death or disability, or by him for good reason, on December 31, 2009, based on the closing price of a Class A share on such date. Please see our Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End table for information regarding his unvested equity holdings as of December 31, 2009. |
(4) | This amount represents the additional equity vesting that Mr. Zelter would have received in respect of his Apollo Operating Group units had his employment been terminated by the company without cause, by reason of his death or disability, or by him for good reason, on December 31, 2009, based on the closing price of a Class A share on such date. Please see our Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End table for information regarding his unvested equity holdings as of December 31, 2009. Pursuant to his employment agreement, he also would have vested in his carried interest in the private equity fund specified in his employment agreement, which carried interest has been reflected under the column All Other Compensation in the Summary Compensation Table included above and is not included again here. |
We currently do not have any independent directors. None of our directors receives compensation for his service on our Board. Our directors are the managing partners and our Chief Operating Officer and their compensation is set forth above on the Summary Compensation Table.
2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan
The Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, or the Equity Plan, was adopted on October 23, 2007. The purposes of the Equity Plan are to provide additional incentive to selected employees and directors of, and consultants to, us or our subsidiaries or affiliates, to strengthen their commitment, to motivate them to faithfully and diligently perform their responsibilities, to align their interests
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with those of our Class A shareholders, and to attract and retain competent and dedicated individuals who are essential to the success of our businesses and whose efforts will result in our long-term growth and profitability. To accomplish such purposes, the Equity Plan permits us to make grants of share options, share appreciation rights, restricted shares, RSUs, deferred shares, performance shares, distribution equivalent rights, unrestricted shares and other share-based awards, or any combination of the foregoing.
From the inception of the Equity Plan through December 31, 2009, we have granted to our employees, subject to vesting, RSUs covering a total of 32,030,015 Class A shares (net of forfeited awards). While we may issue restricted shares and other share-based awards in the future to professionals and other employees as a recruiting and retention tool, we have not established specific parameters regarding future grants. Our manager will determine the specific criteria surrounding other equity issuances under the Equity Plan. A total of 52,950,000 Class A shares was initially reserved for issuance under the Equity Plan. The Class A shares reserved under the Equity Plan are increased on the first day of each fiscal year during the Equity Plans term (with the first such increase made as of January 1, 2008) by the lesser of (i) the excess of (a) 15% of the number of outstanding Class A shares and Apollo Operating Group units exchangeable for Class A shares on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year over (b) the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the Equity Plan as of such date or (ii) such lesser amount by which the administrator may decide to increase the number of Class A shares. The number of shares reserved under the Equity Plan is also subject to adjustment in the event of a share split, share dividend, or other change in our capitalization. Generally, employee shares that are forfeited or canceled from awards under the Equity Plan will be available for future awards.
Administration
The Equity Plan is currently administered by our manager, although it may be administered by either our manager or any committee appointed by our manager (the manager or committee being sometimes referred to as the plan administrator). The plan administrator may interpret the Equity Plan and may prescribe, amend and rescind rules and make all other determinations necessary or desirable for the administration of the Equity Plan. The Equity Plan permits the plan administrator to select the directors, employees and consultants who will receive awards, to determine the terms and conditions of those awards, including but not limited to the exercise price, the number of shares subject to awards, the term of the awards, the performance goals and the vesting schedule applicable to awards, to determine the restrictions applicable to awards of restricted shares or deferred shares and the conditions under which such restrictions will lapse, and to amend the terms and conditions of outstanding awards (except that certain amendments require the approval of the companys shareholders). All partners, employees, directors or consultants of Apollo Global Management, LLC or its subsidiaries or affiliates are eligible to participate in our share incentive plan.
Options
We may issue share options under the Equity Plan. No such options have been granted to date, although we expect to grant share options to Mr. Silverman. The option exercise price of any share options granted under the Equity Plan will be determined by the plan administrator. The term of any share options granted under the Equity Plan will be determined by the plan administrator, but may not exceed ten years. Each share option will be exercisable at such time and pursuant to such terms and conditions as are determined by the plan administrator in the applicable share option agreement. Unless the applicable share option agreement provides otherwise, in the event of an optionees termination of employment or service for any reason other than cause, retirement, disability or death, such optionees share options (to the extent exercisable at the time of such termination) generally will remain exercisable until 90 days after such termination, and then expire. Unless the applicable share option agreement provides otherwise, in the event of an optionees termination of employment or service due to retirement, disability or death, such optionees share options (to the extent exercisable at the time of such termination) generally will remain exercisable until one year after such termination and will then expire. Share options that were not exercisable on the date of termination will expire at the close of business on the date of such termination. In the event of an optionees termination of employment or service for cause, such optionees outstanding share options will expire at the commencement of business on the date of such termination.
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Restricted Shares and Other Awards
Restricted shares, deferred shares or performance shares and other share-based awards may be granted under the Equity Plan. No such awards (except for RSUs) have been granted to date. The plan administrator will determine the purchase price and performance objectives, if any, with respect to the grant of restricted shares, deferred shares and performance shares. Participants with restricted shares and performance shares that have vested generally have all of the rights of a shareholder; participants generally will not have any rights of a shareholder with respect to deferred shares. Subject to the provisions of the Equity Plan and applicable award agreement, the plan administrator has sole discretion to provide for the lapse of restrictions in installments or the acceleration or waiver of restrictions (in whole or in part) under certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance goals, a participants termination of employment or service or a participants death or disability.
Share Appreciation Rights
Share appreciation rights may also be granted under the Equity Plan. No such awards have been granted to date. These rights may be granted either alone or in conjunction with all or part of any options granted under the Equity Plan, so long as the shares underlying the share appreciation rights are traded on an established securities market within the meaning of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan administrator will determine the number of shares to be awarded, the price per share and all other conditions of share appreciation rights. The provisions of share appreciation rights need not be the same with respect to each participant. The prospective recipients of share appreciation rights will not have any rights with respect to such awards unless and until such recipient has executed an award agreement. The plan administrator has sole discretion to determine the times at which share appreciation rights are exercisable, and the term of such rights.
Share-Based Awards
Other share-based awards under the Equity Plan include awards that may be denominated in or payable in, or valued in whole or in part by reference to, our Class A shares, including but not limited to RSUs, distribution equivalents, Long Term Incentive Plan, or LTIP, units or performance units, each of which may be subject to the attainment of performance goals, a period of continued employment, or other terms or conditions as permitted under the Equity Plan. LTIP units may be issued pursuant to a separate series of Apollo Operating Group units. LTIP units, which can be granted as free-standing awards or in tandem with other awards under the Equity Plan, will be valued by reference to the value of our Class A shares, and will be subject to such conditions and restrictions as the plan administrator may determine, including continued employment or service, computation of financial metrics and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. If applicable conditions and/or restrictions are not attained, participants would forfeit their LTIP units. LTIP unit awards, whether vested or unvested, may entitle the participant to receive, currently or on a deferred or contingent basis, dividends or dividend equivalent payments with respect to the number of shares of our Class A shares corresponding to the LTIP award or other distributions from the Apollo Operating Group and the plan administrator may provide that such amounts (if any) shall be deemed to have been reinvested in additional Class A shares or LTIP units. The Equity Plan provides that on terms and conditions determined by the plan administrator, including the conversion ratio, the LTIP units granted under those plans in the limited partnership units of the operating and investing entities may be converted into our Class A shares in the same manner as applicable to the managing partners.
Profits Interests
LTIP units may be structured as profits interests for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and we do not expect the grant, vesting or conversion of any profits interests would produce a tax deduction for us. To date, no such awards have been granted under the Equity Plan. Profits interests initially would not have full parity, on a per unit basis, with the Apollo Operating Group units with respect to liquidating distributions. Upon the occurrence of specified events, profits interests could over time achieve full parity with the units and therefore
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accrete to an economic value for the participant equivalent of such units. Ordinarily, we anticipate that each profits interest awarded will be equivalent to an award of one Class A share reserved under the Equity Plan, thereby reducing the number of shares available for other equity awards on a one-for-one basis. However, the plan administrator has the authority under the Equity Plan to determine the number of shares underlying an award of LTIP units in light of all applicable circumstances, including performance-based vesting conditions, operating partnership capital account allocations, to the extent set forth in the partnership agreements for Apollo Operating Group, the Internal Revenue Code or Treasury Regulations, value accretion factors and conversion ratios.
Amendment and Termination
The Equity Plan provides that the manager may amend, alter or terminate the Equity Plan, but no such action may impair the rights of any participant with respect to outstanding awards without the participants consent. The plan administrator may amend an award, prospectively or retroactively, but no such amendment may impair the rights of any participant without the participants consent. Unless the manager determines otherwise, shareholder approval of any such action will be obtained if required to comply with applicable law. The Equity Plan will terminate on the tenth anniversary of the effective date of the Equity Plan.
Registration
We intend to file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-8 covering the shares issuable under the Equity Plan following the shelf effectiveness date.
Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan
Our Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan (the AAA Plan), which is administered by management companies that employ our investment professionals, provides for the award, to certain of our investment professionals and officers, of incentive units that provide the right to receive RDUs of AAA. AAA is a fund that we manage that is publicly traded on the Euronext Amsterdam and is consolidated in the enclosed financial statements. The AAA Plan Awards are intended to align the interests of their recipients with those of our investors and to bolster retention of our management team because they are generally subject to a vesting schedule. Awards outstanding under the AAA Plan will not be affected by the IPO.
The AAA Plan provides for the grant of AAA incentive units, each of which is a unit of measurement deemed for bookkeeping purposes to be equivalent to one AAA RDU. Each RDU represents one common unit of AAA. AAA incentive units are used solely as a device for determining the payment to be made if such units vest pursuant to the AAA Plan and the agreement evidencing the award. Unless otherwise provided in the AAA Plan award agreement, AAA Plan awards typically vest in three equal annual installments beginning on December 31 of the year that they are granted. The RDUs granted under the AAA Plan are currently held by one of our indirect subsidiaries, AAA Holdings, L.P. AAA incentive units may be granted under the AAA Plan by certain management companies affiliated with Apollo Management, L.P. With respect to any award, the AAA Plan is administered by the applicable management company that granted the award. The management companies administer and interpret the AAA Plan with respect to awards they grant, and have the power to determine: (1) who will receive awards under the AAA Plan, (2) the form and substance of grants and the conditions and restrictions (if any) subject to which such grants are made, (3) appropriate adjustments in connection with a reorganization, change in control or certain other events, and (4) the vesting of awards.
A participant generally has no rights as a security holder of AAA, no distribution rights (except as described below) and no voting rights with respect to AAA incentive units and any RDUs underlying or issuable in respect of such units until such RDUs are actually issued to and held of record by the participant. However, if any distribution is made in respect of RDUs that the applicable management company determines to be a distribution other than a tax distribution, the applicable management company will credit a participants Plan account with an
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amount equal to the per-RDU non-tax distribution, multiplied by the total number of outstanding and unpaid AAA incentive units held by the participant as of the date of distribution. Non-tax distributions credited to a participants account are subject to the same vesting, payment and other applicable terms, conditions and restrictions as the AAA incentive units to which the non-tax distribution relates. Any vested AAA incentive units that had not been paid to a participant as of June 7, 2009 were paid on or about that date as an equivalent number of RDUs. The lock-up period applicable to grants made under the AAA Plan expired on June 7, 2009. Unless otherwise provided in a separate agreement between a participant and a management company, a participants unvested AAA incentive units will automatically terminate without payment upon the participants termination of employment or service with the management company. Prior to the time they become vested under the AAA Plan, neither the AAA incentive units nor any interest therein may be sold, assigned or otherwise transferred, except for transfers to the management company that granted the award. The RDUs issuable upon vesting of AAA incentive units are also subject to substantial restrictions on transfer under applicable securities laws and listing requirements, the AAA limited partnership agreement and a lock-up agreement to which participants are required to become a party as a condition to receiving an award under the AAA Plan.
Under our operating agreement, in most circumstances we will indemnify the following persons, to the fullest extent permitted by law, from and against all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts: our manager; any departing manager; any person who is or was an affiliate of our manager or any departing manager; any person who is or was a member, partner, tax matters partner, officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager; any person who is or was serving at the request of our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of our manager or any departing manager as an officer, director, employee, member, partner, agent, fiduciary or trustee of another person; or any person designated by our manager. We have agreed to provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. We have also agreed to provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings. Any indemnification under these provisions will only be out of our assets. We may purchase insurance against liabilities asserted against and expenses incurred by persons for our activities, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify the person against liabilities under our operating agreement.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and certain of our employees which set forth the obligations described above.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Agreement Among Managing Partners
Our managing partners have entered into the Agreement Among Managing Partners, which provides that each managing partners Pecuniary Interest (as defined below) in the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds indirectly through Holdings shall be subject to vesting. The managing partners own Holdings in accordance with their respective sharing percentages, or Sharing Percentages, as set forth in the Agreement Among Managing Partners. For the purposes of the Agreement Among Managing Partners, Pecuniary Interest means, with respect to each managing partner, the number of Apollo Operating Group units that would be distributable to such managing partner assuming that Holdings was liquidated and its assets distributed in accordance with its governing agreements.
Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, each of Messrs. Harris and Rowan will vest in their interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 60 equal monthly installments, and Mr. Black will vest in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments. Although the Agreement Among Managing Partners was entered into on July 13, 2007, for purposes of its vesting provisions, our managing partners are credited for their employment with us since January 1, 2007. Upon a termination for cause, 50% of such managing partners unvested Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units shall vest. Upon a termination as a result of death or disability (as defined in the Agreement Among Managing Partners) of Messrs. Rowan or Harris, vesting will be calculated using a 60-month vesting schedule and 50% of such managing partners unvested interest shall also vest. Upon a termination as a result of death or disability of Mr. Black, 100% of his interest shall vest. Upon a termination as a result of resignation or retirement, a fraction of such managing partners unvested interest shall vest, the numerator of which is the number of months that have elapsed since January 1, 2007 and the denominator of which is 60 (in the case of Messrs. Harris and Rowan) or 72 (in the case of Mr. Black). We may not terminate a managing partner except for cause or by reason of disability.
Upon a managing partners resignation or termination for any reason, the Pecuniary Interest held by such managing partner that has not vested shall be forfeited as of the applicable Forfeiture Date (as defined below) and the remaining Pecuniary Interest held by such managing partner shall no longer be subject to vesting. None of such interests, or the Forfeited Interests, shall return to or benefit us or the Apollo Operating Group. Forfeited Interests will be allocated within Holdings for the benefit of the managing partners, or the continuing managing partners, who continue to be employed as of the applicable Forfeiture Date, pro rata based upon their relative Sharing Percentages.
For the purposes of the Agreement Among Managing Partners, Forfeiture Date means, as to the Forfeited Interests to be forfeited within Holdings for the benefit of the continuing managing partners, the date which is the earlier of (i) the date that is six months after the applicable date of termination of employment and (ii) the date on or after such termination date that is six months after the date of the latest publicly reported disposition (or deemed disposition subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act) of equity securities of Apollo by any of the continuing managing partners.
The transfer by a managing partner of any portion of his Pecuniary Interest to a permitted transferee will in no way affect any of his obligations under the Agreement Among Managing Partners (nor will such transfer in any way affect the vesting of such Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units ); provided, that all permitted transferees are required to sign a joinder to the Agreement Among Managing Partners in order to bind such permitted transferee to the forfeiture provisions in the Agreement Among Managing Partners.
The managing partners respective Pecuniary Interests in certain funds, or the Heritage Funds, within the Apollo Operating Group are not held in accordance with the managing partners respective Sharing Percentages. Instead, each managing partners Pecuniary Interest in such Heritage Funds is held in accordance with the
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historic ownership arrangements among the managing partners, and the managing partners continue to share the operating income in such Heritage Funds in accordance with their historic ownership arrangement with respect to such Heritage Funds.
The Agreement Among Managing Partners may be amended and the terms and conditions of the Agreement Among Managing Partners may be changed or modified upon the unanimous approval of the managing partners. We, our shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors, as set forth under Lenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision thereof or to prevent the managing partners from amending the Agreement Among Managing Partners or waiving any forfeiture obligation.
Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement
We have entered into the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement with our managing partners. The Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement provides the managing partners with certain rights with respect to the approval of certain matters and the designation of nominees to serve on our board of directors, as well as registration rights for our securities that they own.
Board Representation
The Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement requires our board of directors, so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, to nominate individuals designated by our manager such that our manager will have a majority of the designees on our board.
Transfer Restrictions
No managing partner may, nor shall any of such managing partners permitted transferees, directly or indirectly, voluntarily effect cumulative transfers of Equity Interests, representing more than: (i) 0.0% of his Equity Interests at any time prior to the second anniversary of the date on which the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part became effective (the shelf effectiveness date), (ii) 7.5% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the second anniversary and prior to the third anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; (iii) 15% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the third anniversary and prior to the fourth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; (iv) 22.5% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the fourth anniversary and prior to the fifth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; (v) 30% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the fifth anniversary and prior to the sixth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; and (vi) 100% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the sixth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, other than, in each case, with respect to transfers (a) from one founder to another founder, (b) to a permitted transferee of such managing partner, or (c) in connection with a sale by one or more of our managing partners in one or a related series of transactions resulting in the managing partners owning or controlling, directly or indirectly, less than 50.1% of the economic or voting interests in us or the Apollo Operating Group, or any other person exercising control over us or the Apollo Operating Group by contract, which would include a transfer of control of our manager.
The percentages referenced in the preceding paragraph will apply to the aggregate amount of Equity Interests held by each managing partner (and his permitted transferees) as of July 13, 2007 and adjusted for any additional Equity Interests received by such managing partner upon the forfeiture of Equity Interests by another managing partner. Any Equity Interests received by a managing partner pursuant to the forfeiture provisions of the Agreement Among Managing Partners (described below) will remain subject to the foregoing restrictions in the receiving managing partners hands; provided, that each managing partner shall be permitted to sell without regard to the foregoing restrictions such number of forfeitable interests received by him as are required to pay taxes payable as a result of the receipt of such interests, calculated based on the maximum combined U.S. Federal, New York State and New York City tax rate applicable to individuals; and, provided further, that each managing partner who is not required to pay taxes in the applicable fiscal quarter in which he receives Equity
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Interests as a result of being in the U.S. Federal income tax safe harbor will not effect any such sales prior to the six-month anniversary of the applicable termination date which gave rise to the receipt of such Equity Interests. After six years, each managing partner and his permitted transferees may transfer all of the Equity Interests of such managing partner to any person or entity in accordance with Rule 144, in a registered public offering or in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The above transfer restrictions will lapse with respect to a managing partner if such managing partner dies or becomes disabled.
A permitted transferee means, with respect to each managing partner and his permitted transferees, (i) such managing partners spouse, (ii) a lineal descendant of such managing partners parents (or any such descendants spouse), (iii) a charitable institution controlled by such managing partner, (iv) a trustee of a trust (whether inter vivos or testamentary), the current beneficiaries and presumptive remaindermen of which are one or more of such managing partner and persons described in clauses (i) through (iii) above, (v) a corporation, limited liability company or partnership, of which all of the outstanding shares of capital stock or interests therein are owned by one or more of such managing partner and persons described in clauses (i) through (iv) above, (vi) an individual mandated under a qualified domestic relations order, (vii) a legal or personal representative of such managing partner in the event of his death or disability, (viii) any other managing partner with respect to transactions contemplated by the Managing Partner Shareholder Agreement, and (ix) any other managing partner who is then employed by Apollo or any of its affiliates or any permitted transferee of such managing partner in respect of any transaction not contemplated by the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, in each case that agrees in writing to be bound by these transfer restrictions.
Any waiver of the above transfer restrictions may only occur with our consent. As our managing partners control the management of our company, however, they have discretion to cause us to grant one or more such waivers. Accordingly, the above transfer restrictions might not be effective in preventing our managing partners from selling or transferring their Equity Interests.
Indemnity
Carried interest income from our funds can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The managing partners, contributing partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, subject to certain limitations, the obligations of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular managing partners or contributing partners distributions. Pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, we agreed to indemnify each of our managing partners and certain contributing partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that our managing partners and contributing partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that our managing partners, contributing partners and certain other investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made distributions with respect to Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI, we will be obligated to reimburse our managing partners and certain contributing partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of June 30, 2010, the company had indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI.
Registration Rights
Pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, we have granted Holdings, an entity through which our managing partners and contributing partners own their Apollo Operating Group units, and its permitted transferees the right, under certain circumstances and subject to certain restrictions, to require us to register under the Securities Act our Class A shares held or acquired by them. Under the Managing Partner
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Shareholders Agreement, the registration rights holders (i) will have demand registration rights, exercisable two years after the shelf effectiveness date, but unlimited in number thereafter, which require us to register under the Securities Act the Class A shares that they hold or acquire, (ii) may require us to make available shelf registration statements permitting sales of Class A shares they hold or acquire into the market from time to time over an extended period and (iii) have the ability to exercise certain piggyback registration rights in connection with registered offerings requested by other registration rights holders or initiated by us. We have agreed to indemnify each registration rights holders and certain related parties against any losses or damages resulting from any untrue statement or omission of material fact in any registration statement or prospectus pursuant to which they sell our shares, unless such liability arose from such holders misstatement or omission, and each registration rights holder has agreed to indemnify us against all losses caused by his misstatements or omissions.
Subject to the executive committees approval, each managing partner and each other professional designated by the executive committee may elect to waive a portion of the management fees that he would otherwise be entitled to receive directly or indirectly on a periodic basis from AMH in exchange for a profits interest in the applicable Apollo fund, which is deemed to satisfy a portion of his capital commitment in the amount of such waived amount.
Pursuant to the Roll-Up Agreements, the contributing partners received interests in Holdings, which we refer to as Holdings Units, in exchange for their contribution of assets to the Apollo Operating Group. The Holdings Units received by our contributing partners and any units into which they are exchanged will generally vest over six years in equal monthly installments with additional vesting (i) on death, disability, a termination without cause or a resignation by the contributing partner for good reason, (ii) with consent of BRH, which is controlled by our managing partners, and (iii) in connection with certain other transactions involving sales of interests in us and with transfers by our managing partners in connection with their registration rights to the extent that our contributing partners do not have sufficient vested securities to otherwise allow them to participate pro rata. Holdings Units are subject to a lock-up until two years after the shelf effectiveness date. Thereafter, 7.5% of the Holding Units will become tradable on each of the second, third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the shelf effectiveness date, with the remaining Holding Units becoming tradable on the sixth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date or upon subsequent vesting. A Holdings Unit that is forfeited will revert to the managing partners. Our contributing partners have the ability to direct Holdings to exercise Holdings registration rights described above under Managing Partner Shareholders AgreementRegistration Rights.
Our contributing partners are subject to a noncompetition provision for the applicable period of time as follows: (i) if the contributing partner is still providing services as a partner to us on the fifth anniversary of the date of his Roll-Up Agreement, the first anniversary of the date of termination of his service as a partner to us, or (ii) if the contributing partner is terminated for any reason such that he is no longer providing services to us prior to the fifth anniversary of the date of his Roll-Up Agreement, the earlier to occur of (A) the second anniversary of such date of termination and (B) the sixth anniversary of the date of his Roll-Up Agreement. During that period, our contributing partners will be prohibited from (i) engaging in any business activity that we operate in, (ii) rendering any services to any alternative asset management business (other than that of us or our affiliates) that involves primarily ( i.e. , more than 50%) third-party capital or (iii) acquiring a financial interest in, or becoming actively involved with, any competitive business (other than as a passive holding of a specified percentage of publicly traded companies). In addition, our contributing partners will be subject to nonsolicitation, nonhire and noninterference covenants during employment and for two years thereafter. Our contributing partners will also be bound to a nondisparagement covenant with respect to us and our contributing partners and to confidentiality restrictions. Any resignation by any of our contributing partners shall require ninety days notice. Any restricted period applicable to a contributing partner will commence after the ninety day notice of termination period.
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We have entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings under which, subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements described above) upon 60 days written notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner (or certain transferees thereof) has the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through Holdings for our Class A shares and to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept) and distribute the net proceeds of such sale to such managing partner or contributing partner. Under the exchange agreement, to effect the exchange, a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, must then simultaneously exchange one Apollo Operating Group unit (being an equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity) for each Class A share received from our intermediate holding companies. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly decreased.
We may, from time to time, at the discretion of our manager, provide the opportunity for Holdings and any other holders of Apollo Operating Group units at such time to sell Apollo Operating Group units to us, provided that the aggregate amount of designated quarterly dates for exchanges and such opportunities for the sale of such units may not exceed four. We will use an independent, third-party valuation expert for purposes of determining the purchase price of any such purchases of Apollo Operating Group units.
With respect to any exchange by a managing partner or contributing partner of Apollo Operating Group units (together with the corresponding interest in our Class B share) that he owns through Holdings for our Class A shares in a taxable transaction, each of Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and the Apollo Operating Group entities controlled by Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. has made an election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code, which may result in an adjustment to the tax basis of a portion of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. The taxable exchanges may result in increases in the tax depreciation and amortization deductions from depreciable and amortizable assets, as well as an increase in the tax basis of other assets, of the Apollo Operating Group that otherwise would not have been available. A portion of these increases in tax depreciation and amortization deductions, as well as the increase in the tax basis of such other assets, will reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future. Additionally, our acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units from the managing partners or contributing partners, such as our acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units from the managing partners in the Strategic Investors Transaction, may result in increases in tax deductions and tax basis that reduces the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future.
APO Corp. has entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners that provides for the payment by APO Corp. to an exchanging or selling managing partner or contributing partner of 85% of the amount of actual cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign income tax that APO Corp. realizes (or is deemed to realize in the case of an early termination payment by APO Corp. or a change of control, as discussed below) as a result of these increases in tax deductions and tax basis, and certain other tax benefits, including imputed interest expense, related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. APO Corp. expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of actual cash savings, if any, in income tax that it realizes. For purposes of the tax receivable agreement, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing our actual income tax liability to the amount of such taxes that APO Corp. would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of the applicable Apollo Operating Group entity as a result of the transaction and had APO Corp. not entered into the tax receivable agreement. The tax savings achieved may not ensure that we have sufficient cash available to pay our tax liability or generate additional distributions to our investors. Also, we may need to incur additional debt to repay the tax
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receivable agreement if our cash flows are not met. The term of the tax receivable agreement will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired, unless APO Corp. exercises the right to terminate the tax receivable agreement by paying an amount based on the present value of payments remaining to be made under the agreement with respect to units that have been exchanged or sold and units which have not yet been exchanged or sold. Such present value will be determined based on certain assumptions, including that APO Corp. would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions that would have arisen from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. No payments will be made if a managing partner or contributing partner elects to exchange his or her Apollo Operating Group units in a tax-free transaction. In the event that other of our current or future subsidiaries become taxable as corporations and acquire Apollo Operating Group units in the future, or if we become taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, each will become subject to a tax receivable agreement with substantially similar terms. In connection with the amendment of the AMH partnership agreement in April of 2010, the tax receivable agreement has been revised to reflect the managing partners agreement to defer 25% of required payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement that is attributable to the 2010 fiscal year for a period of four years. For more information about the amendment to the AMH partnership agreement and tax receivable agreement, see Special Allocation of AMH Income below.
The IRS could challenge our claim to any increase in the tax basis of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group that results from the exchanges entered into by the managing partners or contributing partners. The IRS could also challenge any additional tax depreciation and amortization deductions or other tax benefits we claim as a result of such increase in the tax basis of such assets. If the IRS were to successfully challenge a tax basis increase or tax benefits we previously claimed from a tax basis increase, our managing partners and contributing partners would not be obligated under the tax receivable agreement to reimburse APO Corp. for any payments previously made to it (although future payments would be adjusted to reflect the result of such challenge). As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made to our managing partners and contributing partners under the tax receivable agreement in excess of 85% of APO Corp.s actual cash tax savings. In general, estimating the amount of payments that may be made to our managing partners and contributing partners under the tax receivable agreement is by its nature, imprecise, in the absence of an actual transaction, insofar as the calculation of amounts payable depends on a variety of factors. The actual increase in tax basis and the amount and timing of any payments under the tax receivable agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including:
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the timing of the transactionsfor instance, the increase in any tax deductions will vary depending on the fair market value, which may fluctuate over time, of the depreciable or amortizable assets of the Apollo Operating Group entities at the time of the transaction; |
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the price of our Class A shares at the time of the transactionthe increase in any tax deductions, as well as tax basis increase in other assets, of the Apollo Operating Group entities, is directly proportional to the price of the Class A shares at the time of the transaction; |
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the taxability of exchangesif an exchange is not taxable for any reason, increased deductions will not be available; and |
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the amount and timing of our incomeAPO Corp. will be required to pay 85% of the tax savings as and when realized, if any. If APO Corp. does not have taxable income, it is not required to make payments under the tax receivable agreement for that taxable year because no tax savings were actually realized. |
In addition, the tax receivable agreement provides that, upon a merger, asset sale or other form of business combination or certain other changes of control, APO Corp.s (or its successors) obligations with respect to exchanged or acquired units (whether exchanged or acquired before or after such change of control) would be based on certain assumptions, including that APO Corp. would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. As noted above, no payments will be made if a managing partner or contributing partner elects to exchange his or her Apollo Operating Group units in a tax-free transaction.
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Strategic Investors Transaction
On July 13, 2007, we sold securities to the Strategic Investors in return for a total investment of $1.2 billion. Through our intermediate holding companies, we used all of the proceeds from the issuance of such securities to the Strategic Investors to purchase from our managing partners 17.4% of their Apollo Operating Group units for an aggregate purchase price of $1,068 million, and to purchase from our contributing partners a portion of their points for an aggregate purchase price of $156 million. The Strategic Investors hold non-voting Class A shares, which will represent % of our issued and outstanding Class A shares and % of the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group, in each case after giving effect to the IPO. Based on our agreement with the Strategic Investors, we will distribute to the Strategic Investors the greater of 7% on the convertible notes issued or a pro rata portion of our net income for our fiscal year 2007, based on (i) their proportionate interests in Apollo Operating Group units during the period after the Strategic Investors Transaction and prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions, and (ii) the number of days elapsed during such period. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions shall be treated as having been earned prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions. On August 8, 2007, we paid approximately $6 million in interest expense on the convertible notes and as a result of our net loss we have no further obligations for 2007 to pay the Strategic Investors.
As all of their holdings in us are non-voting, neither of the Strategic Investors has any means for exerting control over our company.
Strategic Relationship Agreement
On April 20, 2010, we announced a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS, whereby we agreed to reduce management fees and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit. The agreement further provides that we will not use a placement agent in connection with securing any future capital commitments from CalPERS.
In connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction, we entered into a shareholders agreement, or the Lenders Rights Agreement, with the Strategic Investors.
Transfer Restrictions
Except in connection with the drag-along covenants provided for in the Lenders Rights Agreement, prior to the second anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor may not transfer its rights, other than to an Investor Permitted Transferee, as defined below, without the prior written consent of our managing partners.
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Following the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor may transfer its non-voting Class A shares up to the percentages set forth below during the relevant periods identified:
Notwithstanding the foregoing, at no time following the shelf effectiveness date may a Strategic Investor make a transfer representing 2% or more of our total Class A share to any one person or group of related persons.
An Investor Permitted Transferee shall include any entity controlled by, controlling or under common control with a Strategic Investor, or certain of its affiliates so long as such entity continues to be an affiliate of the Strategic Investor at all times following such transfer.
Registration Rights
Pursuant to the Lenders Rights Agreement, following the second anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor shall be afforded four demand registrations with respect to non-voting Class A shares, covering offerings of at least 2.5% of our total equity ownership and customary piggyback registration rights. All cut-backs between the Strategic Investors, the CS Investor and Holdings (or its members) in any such demand registration shall be pro rata based upon the number of shares available for sale at such time (regardless of which party exercises a demand).
Amendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions
Each Strategic Investor has a consent right with respect to any amendment or waiver of any transfer restrictions that apply to our managing partners.
Private Placement Shareholders Agreement
In connection with the Private Placement, we entered into a shareholders agreement with the CS Investor. The shareholders agreement provides for a lock-up period applicable to the CS Investors Class A shares for one year from August 8, 2007. The CS Investor has three demand registration rights, exercisable after expiration of its lock-up period, and customary piggyback registration rights. The CS Investor has exercised its demand rights and is participating as a selling shareholder in this prospectus.
Our Operating Agreement and Apollo Operating Group Limited Partnership Agreements
Please see the section entitled Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a description of our Operating Agreement.
Pursuant to the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships, the wholly-owned subsidiaries of Apollo Global Management, LLC that are the general partners of those partnerships have the right to determine when distributions will be made to the partners of the Apollo Operating Group and the amount of any such distributions. If a distribution is authorized, such distribution will be made to the partners of Apollo Operating Group pro rata in accordance with their respective partnership interests.
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The partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships also provide that substantially all of our expenses, including substantially all expenses solely incurred by or attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC (such as expenses incurred in connection with the Private Offering Transactions), will be borne by the Apollo Operating Group; provided that obligations incurred under the tax receivable agreement by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (which currently consist of our three intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO (FC), LLC and APO Asset Co., LLC), income tax expenses of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and indebtedness incurred by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries shall be borne solely by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Special Allocation of AMH Income
AMHs partnership agreement has been amended to provide that 100% of AMHs 2009 taxable income in excess of the amount of its distribution to Holdings in September 2009 and 100% of AMHs 2010 taxable income will be specially allocated to APO Corp. (the Special Allocation). As a result, APO Corp.s allocation of AMHs 2009 and 2010 taxable income was increased from approximately 28.49% to 72.46% and 100%, respectively, and Holdings allocation of AMHs 2009 and 2010 taxable income was decreased from approximately 71.51% to 27.54% and 0%, respectively. The amendments to AMHs partnership agreement also provided that APO Corp. will be entitled to receive a priority distribution equal to the total amount of income specially allocated to APO Corp. pursuant to the Special Allocation (the Special Distribution). The initial payments of the Special Distribution will be sufficient to allow APO Corp. to make TRA Payments (as defined below) with respect to the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years, including deferred payments. The balance of the Special Distribution will be payable only upon a liquidation or deemed liquidation of AMH. The AMH partnership agreement was also amended to provide that the Special Allocation and Special Distribution may be effectively reversed, in whole or in part, upon a book-up event, as described below.
Under the AMH partnership agreement, AMH partners are entitled to receive distributions of available cash from AMH sufficient to cover the portion of their tax liabilities not otherwise covered by other AMH distributions during that fiscal year. Because APO Corp. has net operating losses (NOLs) that it can use to offset its tax liability each year, the need for tax distributions will be eliminated during the period covered by the Special Allocation, which allows AMH to retain more cash for use in the Apollo business.
As a result of the Special Allocation, a portion of APO Corp.s required payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement (the TRA Payments) to each of the managing partners and contributing partners will be accelerated to the period covered by the Special Allocation. The number of future periods from which these TRA Payments will be accelerated depends on the amount of taxable income generated by APO Corp. in those future periods. In order for APO Corp. to make the TRA Payments to the managing partners and contributing partners with respect to the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years, AMH will be required to make distributions to APO Corp. The total amount of these distributions will be less than the total amount of the tax distributions that would otherwise have been made with respect to the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years absent the Special Allocation. In addition, each of the managing partners has agreed to defer 25% of the TRA Payments payable to him that is attributable to the 2010 fiscal year for a period of four years, which will reduce the amount of TRA Payments that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to make in 2011. The cash that would otherwise be paid to the managing partners will be retained by AMH for use in the Apollo business. For more information about the tax receivable agreement, see Tax Receivable Agreement above.
Although APO Corp. will need to use a greater portion of its NOLs during the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years as a result of the Special Allocation, 85% of the NOLs represents a liability of APO Corp. to the managing partners and contributing partners equal to the amount of APO Corp.s required TRA Payments. As a result, only 15% of the APO Corp.s NOLs are left available for APO Corp.s own benefit. In addition, the Special Distribution described above permits APO Corp. to discharge a portion of its liability for the TRA Payments with cash made available to it by AMH, without a corresponding pro rata distribution made to Holdings. As part of amending the
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AMH partnership agreement, Holdings waived its right to receive its pro rata portion (71.51% to APO Corp.s 28.49%, as of December 31, 2009) of any Special Distribution. In other words, a substantial portion of the accelerated liability that APO Corp. must pay the TRA Holders as a result of the Special Allocation will be borne by Holdings; although such portion is expected to remain substantial, it will decline over time as Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is diluted by future issuances of our Class A shares to persons other than Holdings (such as the issuances by us contemplated by the IPO).
The Special Allocation may be effectively reversed in the future, in whole or in part, if AMH has a book-up event for tax purposes. A book-up event may only occur at certain times specified by applicable IRS regulations (such as a sale of AMH, a substantial new issuance of AMH interests or a substantial, non-pro rata redemption of AMH interests) and only if the fair value of AMHs net assets are greater than the aggregate book value of its capital accounts at that time. If and when this occurs, Holdings will be allocated a larger portion of AMHs future book income appreciation (and a corresponding larger portion of certain taxable income) in order to compensate it, to the extent of the book-up, for the reduced income allocation it received under the 2009 and 2010 Special Allocation. If the book-up event takes place, and is sufficiently large, then the income allocated to APO Corp. via the Special Allocation and the income allocated to Holdings via the book-up event would result in no net effect to APO Corp.s and Holdings allocation of taxable income.
Please see the section entitled ManagementNarrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table for a description of these agreements.
In the normal course of business, our personnel have made use of aircraft owned as personal assets by Messrs. Black and Rowan. Messrs. Black and Rowan paid for their purchases of the aircraft and bear all operating, personnel and maintenance costs associated with their operation for personal use. Payment by us for the business use of these aircraft by Messrs. Black and Rowan and other of our personnel is made at market rates, which totaled $59,290 and $632,503 for 2009 and 2010, respectively, for Mr. Black, and $2,043,080 and $1,930,759 for 2009 and 2010, respectively, for Mr. Rowan. In addition, Mr. Harris makes business and personal use of various aircraft in which we have fractional interests, and pays the aggregate incremental cost of his personal usage. The total amount paid by Mr. Harris for this personal usage was $409,683 and $448,135 for 2009 and 2010, respectively. The transactions described herein are not material to the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Statement of Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons
Our board of directors has adopted a written statement of policy regarding transactions with related persons, which we refer to as our related person policy. Our related person policy requires that a related person (as defined as in paragraph (a) of Item 404 of Regulation S-K) must promptly disclose to our Chief Legal Officer any related person transaction (defined as any transaction that is reportable by us under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K in which we were or are to be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest) and all material facts with respect thereto. Our Chief Legal Officer will then promptly communicate that information to our manager. No related person transaction will be consummated without the approval or ratification of the executive committee of our manager or any committee of our board of directors consisting exclusively of disinterested directors. It is our policy that persons interested in a related person transaction will recuse themselves from any vote of a related person transaction in which they have an interest.
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The following table sets forth information regarding the current beneficial ownership of our Class A shares by (i) each person known to us to beneficially own more than 5% of voting Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC, (ii) each of our directors, (iii) each of our named executive officers and (iv) all directors and executive officers as a group.
None of our managing partners directly own our Class A shares, Class B share or the Apollo Operating Group units. BRH, the entity through which our managing partners hold the Class B share, will directly own the Class B share, currently representing 240,000,000 votes, or % of our voting control after giving effect to the IPO. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his limited partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share is proportionately reduced. Holdings, the entity through which our managing partners and the contributing partners hold their Apollo Operating Group units, will directly own 240,000,000 Apollo Operating Group units, representing % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group after giving effect to the IPO.
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. To our knowledge, each person named in the table below has sole voting and investment power with respect to all of the Class A shares and interests in our Class B share shown as beneficially owned by such person, except as otherwise set forth in the notes to the table and pursuant to applicable community property laws. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each person named in the table is c/o Apollo Global Management, LLC, 9 West 57 th Street, New York, NY 10019.
In respect of our Class A shares, the table set forth below assumes the exchange by Holdings of all Apollo Operating Group units for our Class A shares with respect to which the person listed below has the right to direct such exchange pursuant to the exchange agreement described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsExchange Agreement, and the distribution of such shares to such person as a limited partner of Holdings.
Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | |||||||||||||||||||||
Class A Shares Beneficially Owned | Class B Share Beneficially Owned | ||||||||||||||||||||
Prior to the IPO |
After Giving Effect to
the IPO |
Total Percentage
of Voting Power (2) |
|||||||||||||||||||
Number of
Shares |
Percent (1) |
Number of
Shares |
Percent (1) |
Number of
Shares |
Percent |
Total Percentage
of Voting Power (2) |
|||||||||||||||
Leon Black (3)(4) |
92,727,166 | 48.6 | % | 92,727,166 | % | % | 1 | 100 | % | % | |||||||||||
Joshua Harris (3)(4) |
59,008,262 | 37.6 | 59,008,262 | 1 | 100 | ||||||||||||||||
Marc Rowan (3)(4) |
59,008,262 | 37.6 | 59,008,262 | 1 | 100 | ||||||||||||||||
Kenneth Vecchione (5) |
* | * | * | * | * | | | N/A | |||||||||||||
Henry Silverman |
| | | | N/A | | | N/A | |||||||||||||
James Zelter |
2,504,972 | 2.5 | 2,504,972 | | | N/A | |||||||||||||||
John Suydam |
* | * | * | * | * | | | N/A | |||||||||||||
All directors and executive officers as a group (eight persons) |
213,248,662 | 68.5 | 213,248,662 | 1 | 100 | ||||||||||||||||
BRH (4) |
| | | | N/A | 1 | 100 | ||||||||||||||
AP Professional Holdings, L.P. (6) |
240,000,000 | 71.0 | 240,000,000 | | | N/A | |||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse Management LLC (7) |
7,500,000 | 7.7 | | | N/A | ||||||||||||||||
Goldman, Sachs & Co. (8) |
5,981,809 | 6.1 | | | N/A |
* | Represents less than 1%. |
(1) | The percentage of beneficial ownership of our Class A shares is based on voting and non-voting Class A shares outstanding. |
(2) | The total percentage of voting power is based on voting Class A shares and the Class B share, in each case after giving effect to the IPO. |
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(3) | Does not include any Class A shares owned by Holdings with respect to which this individual, as one of the three owners of all of the interests in BRH, the general partner of Holdings, or as a party to the Agreement Among Managing Partners described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners or the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders Agreement, may be deemed to have shared voting or dispositive power. Each of these individuals disclaim any beneficial ownership of these shares, except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein. |
(4) | BRH, the holder of the Class B share, is one third owned by Mr. Black, one third owned by Mr. Harris and one third owned by Mr. Rowan. Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, the Class B share is to be voted and disposed by BRH based on the determination of at least two of the three managing partners; as such, they share voting and dispositive power with respect to the Class B share. |
(5) | Kenneth Vecchione resigned from his position as chief financial officer effective January 22, 2010. |
(6) | Assumes that no Class A shares are distributed to the limited partners of Holdings. The general partner of AP Professional Holdings, L.P. is BRH, which is one third owned by Mr. Black, one third owned by Mr. Harris and one third owned by Mr. Rowan. BRH is also the general partner of BRH Holdings, L.P., the limited partnership through which Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan hold their limited partnership interests in AP Professional Holdings, L.P. Each of these individuals disclaim any beneficial ownership of these Class A shares, except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein. |
(7) | Credit Suisse Management LLC has the following address: 11 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10010. |
(8) | Goldman, Sachs & Co. has the following address: 85 Broad Street, New York, New York 10010. |
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The selling shareholders may from time to time offer and sell any or all of our Class A shares set forth below pursuant to this prospectus. When we refer to selling shareholders in this prospectus, we mean the persons who purchased their shares in the Private Offering Transactions and are listed in the table below, and the pledgees, donees, permitted transferees, assignees, successors and others who later come to hold any of the selling shareholders interests in our Class A shares other than through a public sale.
Certain selling shareholders may be deemed underwriters as defined in the Securities Act. Any profits realized by the selling shareholders may be deemed underwriting commissions.
The following table sets forth, as of the date of this prospectus, the name of the selling shareholders for whom we are registering shares for resale to the public, and the number of Class A shares that each selling shareholder may offer pursuant to this prospectus. The Class A shares offered by the selling shareholders were issued pursuant to exemptions from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The selling shareholders represented to us that they were qualified institutional buyers or accredited investors and were acquiring our Class A shares for investment and had no present intention of distributing the Class A shares. We have agreed to file a registration statement covering the Class A shares received by the selling shareholders. We have filed with the SEC, under the Securities Act, a Registration Statement on Form S-1 with respect to the resale of the Class A shares from time to time by the selling shareholders, and this prospectus forms a part of that registration statement.
We have been advised that, as noted below in the footnotes to the table, of the selling shareholders are broker-dealers and of the selling shareholders are affiliates of broker-dealers. We have been advised that each of such selling shareholders purchased our Class A shares in the ordinary course of business, not for resale, and that none of such selling shareholders had, at the time of purchase, any agreements or understandings, directly or indirectly, with any person to distribute the Class A shares. All selling shareholders are subject to Rule 105 of Regulation M and are precluded from engaging in any short selling activities prior to effectiveness of the registration of which this prospectus forms a part.
Based on information provided to us by the selling shareholders and as of the date the same was provided to us, assuming that the selling shareholders sell all the Class A shares beneficially owned by them that have been registered by us and do not acquire any additional shares during the offering, the selling shareholders will not own any shares other than those appearing in the column entitled Number of Class A shares Owned After the Offering. We cannot advise as to whether the selling shareholders will in fact sell any or all of such Class A shares. In addition, the selling shareholders may have sold, transferred or otherwise disposed of, or may sell, transfer or otherwise dispose of, at any time and from time to time, the Class A shares in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act after the date on which it provided the information set forth on the table below.
Selling Shareholder |
Number of Class A Shares
|
Percentage of Class A
Shares
|
Number of Class A Shares
Owned After the Offering |
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CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITIES
Conflicts of interest exist and may arise in the future as a result of the relationships between our manager and its affiliates (including our managing partners), on the one hand, and us and our Class A shareholders, on the other hand.
Whenever a potential conflict arises between our manager or its affiliates, on the one hand, and us or any Class A shareholders, on the other hand, our manager will resolve that conflict. Our operating agreement contains provisions that reduce and eliminate our managers duties (including fiduciary duties) to the Class A shareholders. Our operating agreement also restricts the remedies available to Class A shareholders for actions taken that without those limitations might constitute breaches of duty (including fiduciary duties).
Under our operating agreement, our manager will not be in breach of its obligations under the operating agreement or its duties to us or our Class A shareholders if the resolution of the conflict is:
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approved by a conflicts committee of our board of directors comprised entirely of independent directors, although we currently do not have such a committee, and if and when we do have such a committee, our manager is not obligated to seek its approval; |
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approved by the vote of a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting shares, excluding any voting shares owned by our manager or its affiliates, although our manager is not obligated to seek the approval of our Class A shareholders; |
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on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or |
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fair and reasonable to us, taking into account the totality of the relationships among the parties involved, including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to us. |
If our manager does not seek approval from a conflicts committee of our board of directors or our Class A shareholders and it determines that the resolution or course of action taken with respect to the conflict of interest satisfies either of the standards set forth in the third and fourth bullet points above, then it will be presumed that in making its decision our manager acted in good faith, and in any proceeding brought by or on behalf of any shareholder or us or any other person bound by our operating agreement, the person bringing or prosecuting such proceeding will have the burden of overcoming such presumption. Unless the resolution of a conflict is specifically provided for in our operating agreement, our manager or a conflicts committee of our board of directors may consider any factors it determines in good faith to consider when resolving a conflict. Our operating agreement provides that our manager will be conclusively presumed to be acting in good faith if our manager subjectively believes that the decision made or not made is in the best interests of the company.
The standards set forth in the four bullet points above establish the procedures by which conflict of interest situations are to be resolved pursuant to our operating agreement. These procedures benefit our manager by providing our manager with significant flexibility with respect to its ability to make decisions and pursue actions involving conflicts of interest. Given the significant flexibility afforded our manager to resolve conflicts of interestincluding that our manager has the right to determine not to seek the approval of Class A shareholders with respect to the resolution of such conflictsour manager may resolve conflicts of interests pursuant to the operating agreement in a manner that Class A shareholders may not believe to be in their or in our best interests. Neither our Class A shareholders nor we will have any recourse against our manager if our manager satisfies one of the standards described in the four bullet points above.
In addition to the provisions relating to conflicts of interest, our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or otherwise applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides
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that when our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable, then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting us or any Class A shareholders and will not be subject to any different standards imposed by the operating agreement, the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act or under any other law, rule or regulation or in equity. These modifications of fiduciary duties are expressly permitted by Delaware law. Hence, we and our Class A shareholders will only have recourse and be able to seek remedies against our manager if our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement. Unless our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement, we and our Class A shareholders will not have any recourse against our manager even if our manager were to act in a manner that was inconsistent with traditional fiduciary duties. Furthermore, even if there has been a breach of the obligations set forth in our operating agreement, our operating agreement provides that our manager and its officers and directors will not be liable to us or our Class A shareholders for errors of judgment or for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that our manager or its officers and directors acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. These modifications are detrimental to the Class A shareholders because they restrict the remedies available to Class A shareholders for actions that without those limitations might constitute breaches of duty (including fiduciary duty).
Conflicts of interest could arise in the situations described below, among others.
Actions taken by our manager may affect the amount of cash flow from operations available for distribution to our Class A shareholders.
The amount of cash flow from operations that is available for distribution to our Class A shareholders is affected by decisions of our manager regarding such matters as:
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amount and timing of cash expenditures, including those relating to compensation; |
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amount and timing of investments and dispositions; |
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indebtedness; |
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tax matters; |
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reserves; and |
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issuance of additional equity securities, including Class A shares, or additional Apollo Operating Group units. |
In addition, borrowings by us and our affiliates do not constitute a breach of any duty owed by our manager to our Class A shareholders. Our operating agreement provides that we and our subsidiaries may borrow funds from our manager and its affiliates on terms that are fair and reasonable to us, provided, however, that such borrowings will be deemed to be fair and reasonable if (i) they are approved in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement, (ii) the terms are no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties or (iii) the terms are fair and reasonable to us, taking into account the totality of the relationship between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to us).
We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for expenses.
Our manager will not have any business activities other than managing and operating us. We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. Although there are no ceilings on the expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates, the expenses to which they may be entitled to reimbursement from us are expected to be immaterial.
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Our manager intends to limit its liability regarding our obligations.
Our manager intends to limit its liability under contractual arrangements so that the other party has recourse only to our assets, and not against our manager, its assets or its owners. Our operating agreement provides that any action taken by our manager to limit its liability or our liability is not a breach of our managers fiduciary duties, even if we could have obtained more favorable terms without the limitation on liability.
Class A shareholders will have no right to enforce obligations of our manager and its affiliates under agreements with us.
Any agreements between us, on the one hand, and our manager and its affiliates, on the other, will not grant to the Class A shareholders, separate and apart from us, the right to enforce the obligations of our manager and its affiliates in our favor.
Contracts between us, on the one hand, and our manager and its affiliates, on the other, will not be the result of arms-length negotiations.
Our operating agreement allows our manager to determine in its sole discretion any amounts to pay itself or its affiliates for any services rendered to us. Our manager may also enter into additional contractual arrangements with any of its affiliates on our behalf. Neither the operating agreement nor any of the other agreements, contracts and arrangements between us on the one hand, and our manager and its affiliates on the other, are or will be the result of arms-length negotiations.
Our manager will determine the terms of any of these transactions entered into on terms that are fair and reasonable to us.
Our manager and its affiliates have no obligation to permit us to use any facilities or assets of our manager and its affiliates, except as may be provided in contracts entered into specifically dealing with that use. There will not be any obligation of our manager and its affiliates to enter into any contracts of this kind.
We may not choose to retain separate counsel for ourselves or for the holders of Class A shares.
The attorneys, independent auditors and others who have performed services for us regarding this offering have been retained by our manager. Attorneys, independent auditors and others who will perform services for us will be selected by our manager and may perform services for our manager and its affiliates. We may retain separate counsel for ourselves or the holders of our Class A shares in the event of a conflict of interest between our manager and its affiliates, on the one hand, and us or the holders of our Class A shares, on the other, depending on the nature of the conflict, but are not required to do so.
Our managers affiliates may compete with us.
Our operating agreement provides that our manager will be restricted from engaging in any business activities other than those incidental to its ownership of interests in us. Except as provided in the non-competition and non-solicitation agreements to which our managing directors are subject, affiliates of the manager, including our managing directors, are not prohibited from engaging in other businesses or activities, including those that might be in direct competition with us.
Certain of our subsidiaries have obligations to investors in our funds that may conflict with your interests.
Our subsidiaries that serve as the managers of our funds have fiduciary and contractual obligations to the investors in those funds. As a result, we expect to regularly take actions with respect to the allocation of investments among our funds (including funds that have different fee structures), the purchase or sale of investments in our funds, the structuring of investment transactions for those funds, the advice we provide or
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otherwise that comply with these fiduciary and contractual obligations. In addition, our managing directors have made personal investments in a variety of our funds, which may result in conflicts of interest among investors in our funds and our Class A shareholders regarding investment decisions for these funds. Some of these actions might at the same time adversely affect our near-term results of operations or cash flow.
U.S. Federal income tax considerations of our managing directors may conflict with your interests.
Because our managing directors hold their Apollo Operating Group units through entities that are not subject to corporate income taxation, and Apollo Global Management, LLC holds Apollo Operating Group units through wholly-owned subsidiaries, one of which is subject to corporate income taxation, conflicts may arise between our managing directors and Apollo Global Management, LLC relating to the selection and structuring of investments. Our Class A holders will be deemed to expressly acknowledge that our manager is under no obligation to consider the separate interests of our Class A shareholders (including without limitation the tax consequences to Class A holders) in deciding whether to cause us to take (or decline to take) any actions.
The Delaware Limited Liability Company Act or, the Delaware LLC Act, provides that Delaware limited liability companies may in their operating agreements expand, restrict or eliminate the duties, including fiduciary duties, otherwise owed by a manager to the limited liability company.
Our operating agreement contains various provisions modifying, restricting and eliminating the duties, including fiduciary duties, that might otherwise be owed by our manager. We have adopted these restrictions to allow our manager and its affiliates to engage in transactions with us that might otherwise be prohibited by state-law fiduciary duty standards and to take into account the interests of other parties in addition to our interests when resolving conflicts of interest. These modifications are detrimental to our Class A shareholders because they restrict the remedies available to our Class A shareholders for actions that, without those limitations, might constitute breaches of duty, including a fiduciary duty, as described below, and they permit our manager to take into account the interests of third parties in addition to our interests when resolving conflicts of interest.
The following is a summary of the material restrictions of the fiduciary duties owed by our manager to our Class A shareholders:
General
Operating Agreement Modified Standards |
Our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides that when our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a |
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decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any factors affecting us or any members, including our Class A shareholders, and will not be subject to any different standards imposed by the operating agreement, the Delaware LLC Act or under any other law, rule or regulation or in equity. In addition, when our manager is acting in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our manager, it may act without any fiduciary obligation to us or the Class A shareholders whatsoever. These standards reduce the obligations to which our manager would otherwise be held. |
In addition, our operating agreement provides that our manager and its officers and directors will not be liable to us, our members (including our Class A shareholders), or assignees for errors of judgment or for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that the manager or its officers and directors acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. |
Special Provisions Regarding Affiliated Transactions
Our operating agreement generally provides that affiliated transactions and resolutions of conflicts of interest not involving a vote of Class A shareholders and that are not approved by the conflicts committee of the board of directors of our manager or by our Class A shareholders must be: |
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on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or |
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fair and reasonable to us taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to us). |
If our manager does not seek approval from the conflicts committee or our Class A shareholders and the board of directors of our manager determines that the resolution or course of action taken with respect to the conflict of interest satisfies either of the standards set forth in the bullet points above, then it will be presumed that in making its decision, the board of directors acted in good faith, and in any proceeding brought by or on behalf of any member, including our Class A shareholders, or any other person bound by our operating agreement, the person bringing or prosecuting such proceeding will have the burden of overcoming such presumption. These standards reduce the obligations to which our manager would otherwise be held. |
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Rights and Remedies of Class A Shareholders |
The Delaware LLC Act generally provides that a member or an assignee of a limited liability company interest may institute legal action on behalf of the limited liability company to recover damages from a third party where a manager has refused to institute the action or where an effort to cause a manager to do so is not likely to succeed. In addition, the statutory or case law of some jurisdictions may permit a member or an assignee of a limited liability company interest to institute legal action on behalf of himself and all other similarly situated members or assignees to recover damages from a manager for violations of its fiduciary duties to the members or assignees. |
By purchasing our Class A shares, each Class A shareholder will automatically agree to be bound by the provisions in our operating agreement, including the provisions described above. This is in accordance with the policy of the Delaware LLC Act favoring the principle of freedom of contract and the enforceability of operating agreements. The failure of a Class A shareholder to sign our operating agreement does not render our operating agreement unenforceable against that person.
We have agreed to indemnify our manager and any of its affiliates and any member, partner, tax matters partner, officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of our partnership, our manager or any of our affiliates and certain other specified persons, to the fullest extent permitted by law, against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts incurred by our manager or these other persons. We have agreed to provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. We have also agreed to provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings. Thus, our manager could be indemnified for its negligent acts if it met the requirements set forth above. To the extent these provisions purport to include indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act, in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is contrary to public policy and therefore unenforceable. See Description of SharesOperating AgreementIndemnification.
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General
AMH is the borrower under a credit agreement, dated as of April 20, 2007, by and among the borrower, Apollo Management, L.P., Apollo Capital Management, L.P., Apollo International Management, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. and AAA Holdings, as initial guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and certain financial institutions from time to time party thereto, as lenders. Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. subsequently became guarantors. The AMH credit facility provides for a $1.0 billion term loan facility and
Use of Proceeds
As of April 20, 2007, we had borrowed the full amount under the AMH credit facility. We used borrowings under the AMH credit facility to make a $986.6 million distribution to our managing partners and to pay related fees and expenses.
Security for the AMH Credit Facility
The AMH credit facility is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all assets of the borrower and the guarantors, subject to customary carveouts.
Interest Rate
Loans under the AMH credit facility accrue interest at a rate equal to with respect to (i) LIBOR loans, LIBOR plus 1.50% and (ii) base rate loans, base rate plus 0.50%. Under the AMH credit facility, base rate is defined for any day as a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the higher of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50% and (ii) the prime rate as publicly announced by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. The applicable margin for such borrowing may be reduced subject to AMH obtaining certain leverage ratios. As of June 30, 2010, the loans under the AMH credit facility were LIBOR-based and had an interest rate of 1.72%.
Amortization
The AMH credit facility does not require any scheduled amortization payment prior to the final maturity date.
Mandatory Cash Collateralization
Asset Sales
If AMH receives net cash proceeds from certain non-ordinary course asset sales, then such net cash proceeds shall be deposited in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce its debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the last day of the most recently completed fiscal quarter (after giving effect to such non-ordinary course asset sale and such deposit) to (i) for 2010, 2011 and 2012, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 and (ii) for all other years, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 4.00 to 1.00.
Excess Cash Flow
If AMHs debt to EBITDA ratio as of the end of any fiscal year exceeds the level set forth in the next sentence (the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio), AMH must deposit its Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the AMH
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credit facility) in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of such fiscal year to 0.25 to 1.00 below the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio. The Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio will be: for 2007, 5.00 to 1.00; for 2008, 4.75 to 1.00; for 2009, 4.25 to 1.00; for 2010, 4.00 to 1.00; for 2011, 4.00 to 1.00; and for 2012, 4.00 to 1.00.
In addition, during 2010, 2011 and 2012, AMH must deposit the lesser of (a) 50% of any remaining Excess Cash Flow and (b) the amount required to reduce such debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis at the end of such fiscal year to 3.25 to 1.00.
To the extent AMH is required to provide cash to collateralize the AMH credit facility, such cash will not be available to distribute to us and to Holdings.
Voluntary Prepayment
The borrower may prepay loans under the AMH credit facility in whole or in part, without penalty or premium, subject to certain minimum amounts and increments.
Mandatory Prepayment
Upon the incurrence of certain indebtedness, AMH must apply all of its net cash proceeds to the prepayment of the AMH credit facility.
Affirmative and Negative Covenants
The AMH credit facility includes customary affirmative and negative covenants. Among other things the borrower and its subsidiaries are prohibited from incurring additional indebtedness, further encumbering their assets or making payments on equity, subject to certain exceptions. The AMH credit facility does not contain financial maintenance covenants.
Restricted Payments
AMH will generally be restricted from paying dividends, repurchasing capital stock and making distributions and similar types of payments if any default or event of default occurs, if it has failed to deposit the requisite cash collateralization or does not expect to be able to maintain the requisite cash collateralization or if, after giving effect to the incurrence of debt to finance such distribution, its debt to EBITDA ratio would exceed specified levels.
Events of Default
The AMH credit facility contains customary events of default, including, without limitation, payment defaults, failure to comply with covenants, cross-defaults to other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency. In addition, it will be an event of default under the AMH credit facility if either (i) Mr. Black, together with related persons or trusts, shall cease as a group to participate to a material extent in the beneficial ownership of AMH or (ii) two of the group constituting Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan shall cease to be actively engaged in the management of the AMH loan parties. If any event of default occurs and is continuing, the lenders may declare all of the amounts owed under the AMH credit facility to be immediately due and payable and prevent AMH and the guarantors from making any distribution on their equity (except tax distributions).
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The following descriptions of our shares and provisions of our operating agreement are summaries and are qualified by reference to our operating agreement, which is included in this prospectus as Annex A.
Our operating agreement authorizes us to issue an unlimited number of shares. Currently, two classes of shares have been designated: Class A shares and Class B shares. As of the date of this prospectus, there will be Class A shares issued and outstanding after giving effect to the IPO, and one Class B share issued and outstanding.
Class A Shares
All of the outstanding Class A shares are duly issued. Upon payment in full of the consideration payable with respect to the Class A shares, as determined by our board of directors, the holders of such shares shall not be liable to us to make any additional capital contributions with respect to such shares (except as otherwise required by Sections 18-607 and 18-804 of the Delaware LLC Act). No holder of Class A shares is entitled to preemptive, redemption or conversion rights.
Voting Rights
The holders of Class A shares, other than the Strategic Investors and their affiliates, are entitled to one vote per share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors and their affiliates have no voting rights, although their written consent will be required for certain changes to our operating agreement, including in respect of share splits and combinations, capital accounts, allocation of the items and distributions, dissolution and liquidation, requirements for amending our operating agreement and mergers, consolidations or sales of substantially all our assets, if such changes would have a disproportionate adverse impact on the Strategic Investors or their affiliates. Class A shares owned by the Strategic Investors will become entitled to vote upon transfers by a Strategic Investor or one of its affiliates in accordance with the Lenders Rights Agreement. Generally, all matters to be voted on by our shareholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of election of directors when the Apollo control condition is no longer satisfied, by a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all Class A shares and Class B shares present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class.
Dividend Rights
Holders of Class A shares will share ratably (based on the number of Class A shares held) in any dividend declared by our manager out of funds legally available therefore, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred shares. Dividends consisting of Class A shares may be paid only as follows: (i) Class A shares may be paid only to holders of Class A shares; and (ii) shares shall be paid proportionally with respect to each outstanding Class A share.
Liquidation Rights
Upon our dissolution, liquidation or winding up, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred shares having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of our Class A shares will be entitled to receive our remaining assets available for distribution. Such assets will be distributed to the holders of our Class A shares pro rata based upon the number of shares held by them.
Other Matters
In the event of our merger or consolidation with or into another entity in connection with which our Class A shares are converted into or exchangeable for shares of stock, other securities or property (including cash), all
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holders of Class A shares will thereafter be entitled to receive the same kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities and property (including cash). Under our operating agreement, in the event that our manager determines that we should seek relief pursuant to Section 7704(e) of the Internal Revenue Code to preserve our status as a partnership for U.S. Federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes, we and each of our shareholders will be required to agree to adjustments required by the tax authorities, and we will pay such amounts as are required by the tax authorities to preserve our status as a partnership.
Class B Shares
We have duly issued a single Class B share to BRH, which is owned by our managing partners. If BRH elects to give up its Class B share, we will issue one Class B share to each record holder of an Apollo Operating Group unit for each unit held. No holder of Class B shares will be entitled to preemptive, redemption or conversion rights.
Voting Rights
The Class B share that we have issued to Holdings is initially entitled to 240,000,000 votes on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units (together with his interest in the Class B share) that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share will be proportionately reduced. Generally, all matters to be voted on by our shareholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of the election of directors, a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all Class A shares and Class B shares present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class.
Dividend Rights
The holder of our Class B share will not have any right to receive dividends other than dividends consisting of Class B shares paid proportionally with respect to each outstanding Class B share.
Liquidation Rights
Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, no holder of Class B shares will have any right to receive distributions.
Preferred Shares
Our operating agreement authorizes our manager to establish one or more series of preferred shares. Unless required by law or by any stock exchange, the authorized preferred shares will be available for issuance without further action by Class A shareholders. Our manager is able to determine, with respect to any series of preferred shares, the holders of terms and rights of that series.
We could issue a series of preferred shares that would, depending on the terms of the series, impede or discourage an acquisition attempt or other transaction that some, or a majority, of holders of Class A shares might believe to be in their best interests or in which holders of Class A shares might receive a premium for their Class A shares over the market price of the Class A shares.
We will be entitled to recognize the person in whose name any shares are registered on the books of the transfer agent as of the opening of business on a particular business day as owner, or record holder, of such shares, and accordingly shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such shares on the part of any other person, regardless of whether we have actual or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law, including any applicable rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any national securities exchange on which such shares are listed for trading. Without limiting the foregoing, when a person is acting as
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nominee, agent or in some other representative capacity for another person in acquiring and/or holding the shares, as between us on the one hand and such other person on the other, such representative person shall be deemed the record holder of such share.
We intend to apply for our Class A shares to be listed on the NYSE upon the effectiveness of our shelf registration statement.
The transfer agent and registrar for our Class A shares and our Class B share is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Manager
Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it.
Our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides that when our manager is acting in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our manager, it may act without any fiduciary obligations to us or our shareholders whatsoever. When our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable, then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting us or any of our shareholders. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructureOur operating agreement contains provisions that reduce or eliminate duties (including fiduciary duties) of our manager and limit remedies available to shareholders for actions that might otherwise constitute a breach of duty. It will be difficult for a shareholder to challenge a resolution of a conflict of interest by our manager or by its conflicts committee. See also Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Responsibilities for a more detailed description of our managers potential conflicts of interest and how our operating agreement restricts and limits certain duties of our manager, including fiduciary duties.
Organization
We were formed on July 3, 2007 and have a perpetual existence.
Purpose
Under our operating agreement, we are permitted to engage, directly or indirectly, in any business activity that is approved by our
Power of Attorney
Each Class A shareholder, and each person who acquires Class A shares in accordance with our operating agreement, grants to our manager and, if appointed, a liquidator, a power of attorney to, among other things,
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execute and file documents required for our qualification, continuance, dissolution or termination. The power of attorney also grants our manager the authority to amend, and to make consents and waivers under, our operating agreement and certificate of formation, in each case in accordance with our operating agreement.
Board of Directors
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, pursuant to the terms of our operating agreement, our manager shall (i) nominate and elect all directors to our board of directors, (ii) set the number of directors of our board of directors and (iii) fill any vacancies on our board of directors. After the Apollo condition is no longer satisfied, (i) each of the directors will be elected by the vote of a plurality of our shares entitled to vote, voting as a single class, to serve until his or her successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified or until his or her earlier death, retirement, disqualification, resignation or removal, and (ii) the size of the board of directors will be set by resolution of the board.
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager may remove any director, with or without cause, at any time. After such condition is no longer satisfied, a director or the entire board of directors may be removed by the affirmative vote of holders of 50% or more of the total voting power of our shares.
Subject to limited exceptions described in our operating agreement, our manager may not sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions without the approval of holders of a majority of the aggregate number of voting shares outstanding; provided, however, that this does not preclude or limit our managers ability, in its sole discretion, to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries (including for the benefit of persons other than us or our subsidiaries, including affiliates of our manager).
Capital Contributions
Our shareholders are not obligated to make additional capital contributions, except as described below under Limited Liability.
Limited Liability
The Delaware LLC Act provides that a member of a Delaware limited liability company who receives a distribution from such company and knew at the time of the distribution that the distribution was in violation of the Delaware LLC Act shall be liable to the company for the amount of the distribution for three years. Under the Delaware LLC Act, a limited liability company may not make a distribution to a member if, after the distribution, all liabilities of the company, other than liabilities to members on account of their shares and liabilities for which the recourse of creditors is limited to specific property of the company, would exceed the fair value of the assets of the company. The fair value of property subject to liability for which recourse of creditors is limited shall be included in the assets of the company only to the extent that the fair value of that property exceeds the nonrecourse liability. Under the Delaware LLC Act, an assignee who becomes a substituted member of a company is liable for the obligations of his assignor to make contributions to the company, except the assignee is not obligated for liabilities unknown to him at the time the assignee became a member and that could not be ascertained from the operating agreement.
Issuance of Additional Securities
Our operating agreement authorizes us to issue an unlimited number of additional shares and options, rights, warrants and appreciation rights relating to shares for the consideration and on the terms and conditions established by our manager in its sole discretion without the approval of any shareholders.
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In accordance with the Delaware LLC Act and the provisions of our operating agreement, we may also issue additional membership interests that have designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties that do not apply to the Class A shares.
Amendment of the Operating Agreement
General
Amendments to our operating agreement may be proposed only by our manager, and our manager is under no obligation or duty to make any amendments to our operating agreement. A proposed amendment, other than those amendments that require the approval of the shareholders or those amendments that are within the unilateral discretion of our manager, both of which are discussed below, will be effective upon the approval of our manager and a majority of the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of voting shares outstanding as of the relevant record date.
Prohibited Amendments
No amendment may be made that would:
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enlarge the obligations of any Class A shareholder without his or her consent, except that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any class of shares in relation to other classes of shares interests may be approved by at least a majority of the type or class of shares so affected, or |
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enlarge the obligations of, restrict in any way any action by or rights of, or reduce in any way the amounts distributable, reimbursable or otherwise payable by us to our manager or any of its affiliates without the consent of our manager, which may be given or withheld in its sole discretion. |
These two provisions can only be amended upon the approval of the holders of at least 90% of the outstanding voting shares.
No Shareholder Approval
Our manager may generally make amendments to our operating agreement or certificate of formation without the approval of any shareholder to reflect:
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a change in our name, the location of our principal place of business, our registered agent or its registered office, |
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the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of shareholders in accordance with the operating agreement, |
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a change that our manager determines is necessary or appropriate for the company to qualify or to continue our qualification as a limited liability company or a company in which the Class A shareholders have limited liability under the laws of any state or other jurisdiction or to ensure that the company and its subsidiaries will not be treated as associations taxable as corporations or otherwise taxed as entities for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, |
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an amendment that our manager determines to be necessary or appropriate to address certain changes in U.S. Federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation, |
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an amendment that our manager determines is necessary or appropriate, based on the advice of counsel, to prevent the company or our manager or its partners, officers, trustees, representatives or agents, from having a material risk of being in any manner being subjected to the provisions of the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act or plan asset regulations adopted under the ERISA, whether or not substantially similar to plan asset regulations currently applied or proposed by the U.S. Department of Labor, |
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a change in our fiscal year or taxable year and related changes, |
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an amendment that our manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary, desirable or appropriate for the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of shares or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to shares, |
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any amendment expressly permitted in our operating agreement to be made by our manager acting alone, |
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an amendment effected, necessitated or contemplated by an agreement of merger, consolidation or other business combination agreement that has been approved under the terms of our operating agreement, |
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any amendment that in the sole discretion of our manager is necessary or appropriate to reflect and account for the formation by the limited liability company of, or its investment in, any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other entity, as otherwise permitted by our operating agreement, |
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a merger with or conversion or conveyance to another limited liability entity that is newly formed and has no assets, liabilities or operations at the time of the merger, conversion or conveyance other than those it receives by way of the merger, conversion or conveyance, |
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an amendment effected, necessitated or contemplated by an amendment to any partnership agreement of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships that requires partners of any Apollo Operating Group partnership to provide a statement, certification or other proof of evidence regarding whether such shareholder is subject to U.S. Federal income taxation on the income generated by the Apollo Operating Group partnerships, or |
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any other amendments substantially similar to any of the matters described above. |
In addition, our manager may make amendments to our operating agreement without the approval of any shareholder if those amendments, in the discretion of our manager:
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do not adversely affect our shareholders considered as a whole (including any particular class of shares as compared to other classes of shares, treating the Class A shares and the Class B shares as a separate class for this purpose) in any material respect, |
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are necessary or appropriate to satisfy any requirements, conditions or guidelines contained in any opinion, directive, order, ruling or regulation of any federal or state or non-U.S. agency or judicial authority or contained in any federal or state or non-U.S. statute (including the Delaware LLC Act), |
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are necessary or appropriate to facilitate the trading of shares or to comply with any rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any securities exchange on which the shares are or will be listed for trading, |
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are necessary or appropriate for any action taken by our manager relating to splits or combinations of shares under the provisions of our operating agreement, or |
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are required to effect the intent expressed of this prospectus or the intent of the provisions of our operating agreement or are otherwise contemplated by our operating agreement. |
Merger, Sale or Other Disposition of Assets
Our operating agreement generally prohibits our manager, without the prior approval of the holders of a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting shares, from causing us to, among other things, sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, including by way of merger, consolidation or other combination, or approving on our behalf the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of our subsidiaries. However, our manager in its sole discretion may mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or
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substantially all of our assets (including for the benefit of persons other than us or our subsidiaries) without that approval. Our manager may also sell all or substantially all of our assets under any forced sale of any or all of our assets pursuant to the foreclosure or other realization upon those encumbrances without that approval.
Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, however, Mr. Black, as a member of the executive committee of our manager, will have the right of veto over, among other things a sale or other disposition of the Apollo Operating Group and/or its subsidiaries or any portion thereof, through a merger, recapitalization, stock sale, asset sale or otherwise, to an unaffiliated third party (other than through an exchange of Apollo Operating Group units and interests in our Class B share for Class A shares, transfers by a founder or a permitted transferee to another permitted transferee, or the issuance of bona fide equity incentives to any of our non-founder employees) that constitutes (x) a direct or indirect sale of a ratable interest (or substantially ratable interest) in each entity that constitutes the Apollo Operating Group or (y) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Apollo.
If conditions specified in our operating agreement are satisfied, our manager may convert or merge us or any of our subsidiaries into, or convey some or all of our assets to, a newly formed entity if the sole purpose of that merger or conveyance is to effect a mere change in our legal form into another limited liability entity. The shareholders are not entitled to dissenters rights of appraisal under our operating agreement or the Delaware LLC Act in the event of a merger or consolidation, a sale of substantially all of our assets or any other transaction or event.
Election to be Treated as a Corporation
If our manager determines that it is no longer in our best interests to continue as a limited liability company for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, our manager may elect to treat us as an association or as a publicly traded company taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes.
Dissolution
We will continue as a limited liability company until terminated under our operating agreement. We will dissolve upon: (i) the election of our manager to dissolve us, if approved by the holders of a majority of the total combined voting power of all of our outstanding Class A and Class B shares; (ii) the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries; (iii) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of our limited liability company; or (iv) at any time that we no longer have any shareholders, unless our businesses are continued in accordance with the Delaware LLC Act.
Liquidation and Distribution of Proceeds
Upon our dissolution, unless we are continued as a new limited liability company, the liquidator authorized to wind up our affairs will, acting with all of the powers of our manager that the liquidator deems necessary or appropriate in its judgment, liquidate our assets and apply the proceeds of the liquidation first, to discharge our liabilities as provided in the operating agreement and by law and thereafter to the shareholders pro rata according to the percentages of their respective shares as of a record date selected by the liquidator. The liquidator may defer liquidation of our assets for a reasonable period of time or distribute assets to Class A shareholders in kind if it determines that an immediate sale or distribution of all or some of our assets would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Class A shareholders.
Resignation of the Manager
Our manager may resign at any time by giving notice of such resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to us. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein. The acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Our manager may at any time designate a substitute manager, which substitute manager will, upon the later of the acceptance of such designation and the effective
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date of such resignation of the departing manager, have control of us under the terms of the operating agreement upon the effective date of the departing managers resignation. In the event our manager resigns and does not designate a substitute manager in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement, control of us will shift to our board of directors.
Limited Call Right
If at any time less than 10% of the then issued and outstanding shares of any class, including our Class A shares, are held by persons other than our manager and its affiliates, our manager will have the right, which it may assign in whole or in part to any of its affiliates or to us, to acquire all, but not less than all, of the remaining shares of the class held by unaffiliated persons as of a record date to be selected by our manager, on at least ten but not more than 60 days notice. The purchase price in the event of this purchase is the greater of:
(i) | the current market price as of the date three days before the date the notice is mailed, and |
(ii) | the highest cash price paid by our manager or any of its affiliates for any membership interests of the class purchased within the 90 days preceding the date on which our manager first mails notice of its election to purchase those membership interests. |
As a result of our managers right to purchase outstanding shares, a Class A shareholder may have his Class A shares purchased at an undesirable time or price. The tax consequences to a Class A shareholder of the exercise of this call right are the same as a sale by that shareholder of his Class A shares in the market. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations.
Preemptive Rights
We have not granted any preemptive rights with respect to our Class A shares.
Meetings; Voting
Except as described below regarding a person or group owning 20% or more of the Class A shares then outstanding, record Class A shareholders will be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, meetings of our Class A shareholders and to act upon matters as to which Class A shareholders have the right to vote or to act.
Except as described below regarding a person or group owning 20% or more of the Class A shares then outstanding, each record holder of a Class A share, other than the Strategic Investors or their affiliates, is entitled to a number of votes equal to the number of Class A shares held. Each outstanding Class A share, other than Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors or their affiliates, shall be entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to the shareholders for approval. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors or their affiliates will not be entitled to vote, although such Class A shares will become entitled to vote upon certain transfers in accordance with the Lenders Rights Agreement. In the case of Class A shares held by our manager on behalf of non-citizen assignees, our manager will distribute the votes on those Class A shares in the same ratios as the votes of shareholders in respect of other Class A shares are cast.
The Class B share that we have issued to BRH is initially entitled to 240,000,000 votes on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share will be proportionately reduced. Generally, all matters to be voted on by our shareholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of the election of directors, a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all shares present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class.
Any action that is required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders may be taken either at a meeting of such holder without a meeting, without a vote and without prior notice if consents in writing describing the action so taken are signed by holders owning not less than the minimum percentage of the voting power of the
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outstanding shares that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting. Meetings of the shareholders may be called by our manager. Shareholders may vote either in person or by proxy at meetings. The holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares for which a meeting has been called, represented in person or by proxy, will constitute a quorum unless any action by the holders of the shares requires approval by holders of a greater percentage of such shares, in which case the quorum will be the greater percentage.
However, if at any time any person or group (other than our manager and its affiliates, or a direct or subsequently approved transferee of our manager or its affiliates) acquires, in the aggregate, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of any class of shares then outstanding, that person or group will lose voting rights on all of its shares and the shares may not be voted on any matter and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of shareholders, calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes. Shares held in nominee or street name account will be voted by the broker or other nominee in accordance with the instruction of the beneficial owner unless the arrangement between the beneficial owner and his nominee provides otherwise.
Status as Shareholder
By transfer of Class A shares in accordance with our operating agreement, each transferee of Class A shares will be admitted as a shareholder with respect to the Class A shares transferred when such transfer and admission is reflected in our books and records. Except as described in our operating agreement, the Class A shares will be fully paid and non-assessable.
Non-Citizen Assignees; Redemption
If we are or become subject to federal, state or local laws or regulations that in the determination of our manager create a substantial
risk of cancellation or forfeiture of any property in which the limited liability company has an interest because of the nationality, citizenship or other related status of any Class A shareholder, we may redeem the Class A shares held by
that holder at their current market price. To avoid any cancellation or forfeiture, our manager may require each Class A shareholder to furnish information about his nationality, citizenship or related status. If a Class A shareholder
fails to furnish information about his nationality, citizenship or other related status within 30 days after a request for the information or our manager determines, with the advice of counsel, after receipt of the information that the
Class A shareholder is not an eligible citizen, the Class A shareholder may be treated as a non-citizen assignee. A non-citizen assignee does not have the right to direct the voting of his Class A shares and may not receive
Indemnification
Under our operating agreement, in most circumstances we will indemnify the following persons, to the fullest extent permitted by law, from and against all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts:
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our manager; |
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any departing manager; |
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any person who is or was an affiliate of our manager or any departing manager; |
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any person who is or was a member, partner, tax matters partner, officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager; |
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any person who is or was serving at the request of our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of our manager or any departing manager as an officer, director, employee, member, partner, agent, fiduciary or trustee of another person; or |
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any person designated by our manager. |
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We have agreed to provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. We have also agreed to provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings. Any indemnification under these provisions will only be out of our assets. We may purchase insurance against liabilities asserted against and expenses incurred by persons for our activities, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify the person against liabilities under our operating agreement.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and certain of our employees which set forth the obligations described above.
Books and Reports
Our manager is required to keep appropriate books of the limited liability companys business at our principal offices or any other place designated by our manager. The books will be maintained for both tax and financial reporting purposes on an accrual basis. For tax and fiscal reporting purposes, our year ends on December 31 each year.
As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each fiscal year, we will furnish to each shareholder tax information (including Schedule K-1), which describes on a U.S. dollar basis such shareholders share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our preceding taxable year. It will most likely require longer than 90 days after the end of our fiscal year to obtain the requisite information from all lower-tier entities so that K-1s may be prepared for us. Consequently, shareholders who are U.S. taxpayers should anticipate the need to file annually with the IRS (and certain states) a request for an extension past April 15 or the otherwise applicable due date of their income tax return for the taxable year. In addition, each shareholder will be required to report for all tax purposes consistently with the information provided by us. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersInformation Returns.
Right to Inspect Our Books and Records
Our operating agreement provides that a shareholder can, for a purpose reasonably related to his or her interest as such a holder, upon reasonable written demand and at his or her own expense, have furnished to him or her:
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promptly after becoming available, a copy of our U.S. Federal, state and local income tax returns; and |
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copies of our operating agreement, the certificate of formation of the limited liability company, related amendments and powers of attorney under which they have been executed. |
Our manager may, and intends to, keep confidential from the Class A shareholders trade secrets or other information the disclosure of which our manager believes is not in our best interests or which we are required by law or by agreements with third parties to keep confidential.
Upon consummation of the Private Offering Transactions, we entered into a shareholders agreement with Holdings regarding voting, transfer and registration rights, among other things. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders Agreement.
In connection with the sale of Class A shares to the Strategic Investors, we entered into the Lenders Rights Agreement. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights Agreement.
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A shares. We cannot predict the effect, if any, future sales of Class A shares, or the availability for future sale of Class A shares, will have on the market price of our Class A shares prevailing from time to time. The sales of substantial amounts of our Class A shares in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could harm the prevailing market price of our Class A shares.
Our Strategic Investors, CalPERS and ADIA, own 30,000,001 and 30,000,000 non-voting Class A shares respectively. Such shares are restricted securities as defined in Rule 144, unless we register such shares under the Securities Act. However, we have granted the Strategic Investors rights that require us to register their Class A shares under the Securities Act. Although the shares held by our Strategic Investors are currently non-voting, upon sale by a third party, the shares will have voting rights. See Registration Rights and Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights Agreement.
Our managing partners and contributing partners hold indirectly through Holdings 240,000,000 Apollo Operating Group units. We have entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings under which, subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements) upon 60 days notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner (or certain transferees thereof) has the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through Holdings for our Class A shares and to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept). See Lock-Up Arrangements and Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsExchange Agreement.
In addition, we have granted 39,434,825 (net of forfeited awards) RSUs as of June 30, 2010, subject to vesting to certain employees and consultants that will settle in Class A shares and effective as of January 1, 2009, 78,706,931 interests in respect of Class A shares were reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plan with 39,272,106 remaining for grant as of June 30, 2010. We intend to file one or more registrations statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register Class A shares covered by such RSUs. Any such Form S-8 registration statements will automatically become effective upon filing. Accordingly, Class A shares registered under such registration statements will be available for sale in the open market.
Pursuant to the Lenders Rights Agreement, following the second anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor shall be afforded four demand registrations with respect to their Class A shares, covering offerings of at least 2.5% of our total equity ownership and customary piggyback registration rights.
Pursuant to the Managing Partners Shareholders Agreement, we have granted Holdings, an entity through which our managing partners and contributing partners own Apollo Operating Group units, the right to require us to register under the Securities Act our shares held or acquired by them. Holders of such rights (i) will have demand registration rights, exercisable two years after the shelf effectiveness date, but unlimitedly in number thereafter, (ii) may require us to make available shelf registration statements permitting sales of shares they hold or acquire into the market from time to time over an extended period and (iii) have the ability to exercise certain piggyback registration rights. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders Agreement Registration Rights Agreement.
Pursuant to the Lenders Rights Agreement, the Strategic Investors have agreed not to sell any of their shares for a period of two years following the shelf effectiveness date.
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BRH Holdings, L.P., Holdings, certain of our executive officers and the Strategic Investors have agreed with the initial purchasers not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is 180 days after the shelf effectiveness date, except with the prior written consent of the representatives of the initial purchasers. In addition, certain of our executive officers, directors, employees and affiliates will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the IPO and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the offering date of the IPO, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the IPO. After the expiration of the applicable lock-up period, these Class A shares will be eligible for resale from time to time, subject to certain contractual restrictions and Securities Act limitations. Under certain circumstances, the applicable lock-up period may be extended.
We and our manager will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the IPO and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the offering date of the IPO, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the IPO.
The selling shareholders in the IPO will also enter into lock-up agreements with the underwriters in the IPO and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the offering date of the IPO, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the IPO.
In general, under Rule 144 of the Securities Act, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of ours at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months (including any period of consecutive ownership of preceding non-affiliated holders) would be entitled to sell those shares, subject only to the availability of current public information about us. A non-affiliated person who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least one year would be entitled to sell those shares without regard to the provisions of Rule 144.
A person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is deemed to be an affiliate of ours and who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of Class A shares that does not exceed the greater of one percent of the then outstanding Class A shares or the average weekly trading volume of our Class A shares reported through the NYSE during the four calendar weeks preceding such sale. Such sales are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of current public information about us.
In general, under Rule 701 of the Securities Act as currently in effect, our employees, consultants or advisors who receive Class A shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement are eligible to resell those shares 90 days after the effective date of the offering in reliance on Rule 144, but without having to comply with certain of the restrictions contained in Rule 144.
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We entered into a registration rights agreement pursuant to which we agreed, at our expense and, for the benefit of the holders of Class A shares, to file with the SEC a shelf registration statement covering resale of the Class A shares held by the selling shareholders, or the registrable securities, no later than 240 days after August 8, 2007, or the filing deadline. We have agreed to keep the shelf registration statement effective, supplemented and amended until the earlier of (i) such time as all of the registrable securities have been sold; (ii) such time as all of the registrable securities held by our nonaffiliates (from the time of issuance) are eligible for sale pursuant to Rule 144(k) under the Securities Act or any successor rule or regulation thereto; and (iii) the second anniversary of the effective date of the shelf registration statement.
Pursuant to a registration rights agreement we entered into with the CS Investor in connection with the Private Offering Transactions, the CS Investor has exercised its demand rights and we have agreed to include it in this prospectus.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, we will be permitted to suspend the use, from time to time, of the prospectus that is part of the shelf registration statement (and therefore suspend sales under the shelf registration statement) for certain periods, referred to as blackout periods, if:
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the lead underwriter in any underwritten public offering by us of our Class A shares advises us that an offer or sale of shares covered by the shelf registration statement would have a material adverse effect on our offering; |
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our board of directors or our manager determines in good faith that the sale of shares covered by the shelf registration statement would materially impede, delay or interfere with any proposed financing, offer or sale of securities, acquisition, corporate reorganization or other significant transaction involving us; or |
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our board of directors or our manager determines in good faith that it is in our best interests or it is required by law that we supplement the shelf registration statement or file a post-effective amendment to the shelf registration statement in order to ensure that the prospectus included in the shelf registration statement contains the financial information required under Section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act, discloses any fundamental change in the information included in the prospectus or discloses any material information with respect to the plan of distribution that was not disclosed in the shelf registration statement or any material change to that information; |
and we notify the selling shareholders of the suspension. The cumulative blackout periods in any 12 month period may not exceed a period of 45 consecutive days or an aggregate of 90 days, except as a result of a refusal by the SEC to declare effective any post-effective amendment to the registration statement after we have used all commercially reasonable efforts to cause the post-effective amendment to be declared effective, in which case, we must terminate the blackout period immediately following the effective date of the post-effective amendment.
A holder that sells our Class A shares pursuant to the shelf registration statement generally will be required to be named as a selling shareholder in this prospectus and to deliver the prospectus to purchasers, will be subject to certain of the civil liability provisions under the Securities Act in connection with such sales and will be bound by the provisions of the registration rights agreement that are applicable to such holder (including certain indemnification rights and obligations). In addition, each holder of our Class A shares may be required to deliver information to be used in connection with the registration statement in order to have such holders Class A shares included in the registration statement and to benefit from the provisions of the next paragraph.
Each Class A share certificate contains a legend to the effect that the holder thereof, by its acceptance thereof, is deemed to have agreed to be bound by the provisions of the registration rights agreement. In that regard, each holder is deemed to have agreed that, upon receipt of notice of the occurrence of any event that makes a statement in this prospectus untrue in any material respect or that requires the making of any changes in such prospectus in order to make the statements therein not misleading, or of certain other events specified in the registration rights agreement, such holder will suspend the sale of our Class A shares pursuant to this prospectus until we have amended or supplemented such prospectus to correct such misstatement or omission and have furnished copies of such amended or supplemented prospectus to such holder or we have given notice that the sale of the Class A shares may be resumed.
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Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations
To ensure compliance with Treasury Department Circular 230, investors are hereby notified that: (i) any discussion of U.S. Federal income tax issues in this prospectus is not intended or written to be relied upon, and cannot be relied upon, by any investor for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed on such investor under the Internal Revenue Code; (ii) such discussion is included herein by Apollo Global Management, LLC in connection with the promotion or marketing (within the meaning of Circular 230) by the issuer and of the transactions or matters addressed herein; and (iii) investors should seek advice based on their particular circumstances from an independent tax advisor.
The following discussion summarizes the material U.S. Federal income tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares. For purposes of this section, references to Apollo, we, our, and us mean only Apollo Global Management, LLC and not its subsidiaries, except as otherwise indicated. This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, administrative rulings and pronouncements of the IRS, and judicial decisions, all as in effect on the date hereof and which are subject to change or differing interpretations, possibly with retroactive effect.
This discussion is not a comprehensive discussion of all of the U.S. Federal income tax considerations applicable to us or that may be relevant to a particular holder of Class A shares in view of such holders particular circumstances and, except to the extent provided below, is not directed to holders of Class A shares subject to special treatment under the U.S. Federal income tax laws, such as banks or other financial institutions, dealers in securities or currencies, tax-exempt entities, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, non-U.S. persons (as defined below), insurance companies, mutual funds, persons holding shares as part of a hedging, integrated or conversion transaction or a straddle, traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings, charitable remainder unit trusts, common trust funds, or persons liable for the alternative minimum tax. In addition, except to the extent provided below, this discussion does not address any aspect of state, local or non-U.S. tax law and assumes that holders of Class A shares will hold their Class A shares as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code. The tax treatment of holders in a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) that is a holder of our Class A shares generally depends on the status of the partner, and is not specifically addressed herein. Partners in partnerships purchasing the Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors.
Legislation has been introduced in the U.S. Congress that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed H.R. 4213, the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010. If enacted, this bill would cause portions of income associated with carried interests to be taxed as ordinary income and not treated as qualifying income for purposes of the publicly traded partnership tests. This would have the effect of treating publicly traded partnerships that derive substantial amounts of income from carried interests as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Such legislation does provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
No statutory, administrative or judicial authority directly addresses the treatment of certain aspects of the Class A shares or instruments similar to the shares for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. We cannot give any assurance that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax aspects set forth below. Moreover, we have not and will not seek any advance rulings from the IRS regarding any matter discussed in this prospectus. We cannot give any assurance that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax aspects set forth below. Accordingly, prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares, as well as the effects of state, local and non-U.S. tax laws .
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For purposes of the following discussion, a U.S. person is a person that is (i) a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) created or organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof, or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. Federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust (a) the administration over which a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision and (b) all of the substantial decisions of which one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control. A non-U.S. person is a person that is neither a U.S. person nor an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes.
Taxation of the Company
Federal Income Tax Opinion Regarding Partnership Status . OMelveny & Myers LLP has acted as our counsel in connection with this offering. OMelveny & Myers LLP has issued the opinion that as of August 8, 2007, we, Principal Holdings I, L.P. and Principal Holdings III, L.P., will each be treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes based on certain assumptions and factual statements and representations made by us, including statements and representations as to the manner in which we intend to manage our affairs and the composition of our income. However, opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or any court, and the IRS may challenge this conclusion and a court may sustain such a challenge. We must emphasize that the opinion of OMelveny & Myers LLP is based on various assumptions and representations relating to our organization, operation, assets, activities and income, including that all factual representations set forth in the relevant documents, records and instruments are true and correct, all actions described in this offering are completed in a timely fashion and that we will at all times operate in accordance with the method of operation described in our organizational documents and this offering, and such opinion is conditioned upon representations and covenants made by our management regarding our organization, assets, activities, income, and present and future conduct of our business operations, and assumes that such representations and covenants are accurate and complete.
Taxation of Apollo . While we are organized as a limited liability company and intend to operate so that we will be treated for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a partnership, and not as a corporation, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing partnerships, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, and the possibility of future changes in our circumstances, neither we nor OMelveny & Myers LLP can give any assurance that we will so qualify for any particular year. OMelveny & Myers LLP will have no obligation to advise us or the holders of Class A shares of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed, or of any subsequent change in, or differing IRS interpretation of, the applicable law. Our treatment as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation will depend on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, through actual operating results, the qualifying income exception (as described below), the compliance with which will not be reviewed by OMelveny & Myers LLP on an ongoing basis. Accordingly, we cannot give any assurance that the actual results of our operations for any taxable year will satisfy the qualifying income exception. You should be aware that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS, and we cannot give any assurance that the IRS will not challenge the conclusions set forth in such opinions. Furthermore, it is possible that the U.S. Federal income tax law could be amended by Congress so as to cause part or all of our income to be non-qualifying income under the publicly traded partnership rules. A change in the administrative or judicial interpretation of the U.S. Federal income tax law could also create this result. See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action below.
If we fail to satisfy the qualifying income exception (other than a failure which is determined by the IRS to be inadvertent and which is cured within a reasonable period of time after the discovery of such failure as discussed below) or if we elect to be treated as a corporation based upon a determination by our board of directors, we will be treated as if we had transferred all of our assets, subject to our liabilities, to a newly formed corporation, on the first day of the year in which we failed to satisfy the qualifying income exception, in return for stock of the corporation, and then distributed to the holders of Class A shares in liquidation of their interests in us. This contribution and liquidation should be tax-free to holders of Class A shares (except for a non-U.S. holder if we own an interest in U.S. real property or an interest in a USRPHC as discussed below in Taxation
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of Non-U.S. Persons) so long as we do not have liabilities in excess of the tax basis of our assets. If, for any reason (including our failure to meet the qualifying income exception or a determination by our board of directors to elect to be treated as a corporation), we were treated as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, (i) we would be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates, without deduction for any distributions to holders, thereby substantially reducing the amount of any cash available for distribution to holders and (ii) distributions made to the holders of our Class A shares would be treated as either taxable dividend income, which may be eligible for reduced rates of taxation (currently available through 2010), to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, or in the absence of earnings and profits, as a nontaxable return of capital, to the extent of the holders tax basis in the common units, or as taxable capital gain, after the holders basis is reduced to zero. The net effect of such treatment would be, among other things, to subject the income from APO Asset Co., LLC to corporate level taxation.
Under Section 7704 of the Code, unless certain exceptions apply, if an entity that would otherwise be classified as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is a publicly traded partnership (as defined in the Code) it will be treated and taxed as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. An entity that would otherwise be classified as a partnership is a publicly traded partnership if (i) interests in the entity are traded on an established securities market or (ii) interests in the entity are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof. We expect that we will be treated as a publicly traded partnership.
A publicly traded partnership will, however, be treated as a partnership, and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, if 90% or more of its gross income during each taxable year consists of qualifying income within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and it is not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We refer to this exception as the qualifying income exception. Qualifying income generally includes dividends, interest, capital gains from the sale or other disposition of stocks and securities and certain other forms of investment income. We expect that our investments will earn interest, dividends, capital gains and other types of qualifying income, however, we cannot give any assurance as to the types of income that will be earned in any given year.
While we will be treated as a publicly traded partnership, we will manage our investments so that we will satisfy the qualifying income exception to the extent reasonably possible. We cannot give any assurance, however, that we will do so or that the IRS would not challenge our compliance with the qualifying income requirements and, therefore, assert that we should be taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. In such event, the amount of cash available for distribution to holders would be reduced materially.
If at the end of any year we fail to meet the qualifying income exception, we may still qualify as a partnership if we are entitled to relief under the Code for an inadvertent termination of partnership status. This relief will be available if (i) the failure to meet the qualifying income exception is cured within a reasonable time after discovery, (ii) the failure is determined by the IRS to be inadvertent, and (iii) we and each of the holders of our Class A shares (during the failure period) agree to make such adjustments or to pay such amounts as are required by the IRS. Under our operating agreement, each holder of Class A shares is obligated to make such adjustments or to pay such amounts as are required by the IRS to maintain our status as a partnership. It is not possible to state whether we would be entitled to this relief in any or all circumstances. It also is not clear under the Code whether this relief would be available for our first taxable year as a publicly traded partnership. If this relief provision is inapplicable to a particular set of circumstances involving us, we will not qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Even if this relief provision applies and we retain our partnership status, we or the holders of Class A shares (during the failure period) will be required to pay such amounts as are determined by the IRS.
The remainder of this section assumes that we and the underlying partnerships of Apollo Operating Group will be treated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. However, due to proposed legislation this could change. See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action below.
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Certain State, Local and Non-U.S. Tax Matters. We and our subsidiaries may be subject to state, local or non-U.S. taxation in various jurisdictions, including those in which we or they transact business, own property, or reside. For example, we and our subsidiaries may be subject to New York City unincorporated business tax. We may be required to file tax returns in some or all of those jurisdictions. The state, local or non-U.S. tax treatment of us and our holders may not conform to the U.S. Federal income tax treatment discussed herein. We will pay non-U.S. taxes, and dispositions of foreign property or operations involving, or investments in, foreign property may give rise to non-U.S. income or other tax liability in amounts that could be substantial. Any non-U.S. taxes incurred by us may not be able to be used by holders of our Class A shares as a credit against their U.S. Federal income tax liability, subject to applicable limitations under the Code.
APO Corp. APO Corp. is taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, even though we expect to qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, the income from the portion of our business that we hold through APO Corp. will be subject to U.S. Federal corporate income tax and other taxes. As the holder of APO Corp.s shares, we will not be taxed directly on earnings of entities we hold through APO Corp. Distributions of cash or other property that APO Corp. pays to us will constitute dividends for U.S. Federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from its current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. Federal income tax principles). If the amount of a distribution by APO Corp. exceeds its current and accumulated earnings and profits, such excess will be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of our tax basis in APO Corp.s common stock, and thereafter will be treated as a capital gain.
APO (FC), LLC . APO (FC), LLC is taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, any income from the portion of our business that we hold through APO (FC), LLC that is treated as effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax and other taxes. APO (FC), LLC will be considered a CFC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, each U.S. holder of our Class A shares may be required to include in income its allocable share of Subpart F income of APO (FC), LLC. Subpart F income generally includes dividends, interest, net gain from the sale or disposition of securities, non-actively managed rents and certain other generally passive types of income. These inclusions are treated as ordinary income (whether or not such inclusions are attributable to net capital gains). Thus, an investor may be required to report as ordinary income its allocable share of APO (FC) LLCs Subpart F income reported by us without corresponding receipts of cash and may not benefit from capital gain treatment with respect to the portion of our earnings (if any) attributable to net capital gains of APO (FC), LLC. The tax basis of our shares of APO (FC), LLC, and a holders tax basis in our Class A shares, will be increased to reflect any required Subpart F income inclusions. Such income will be treated as income from sources within the United States, for certain foreign tax credit purposes, to the extent derived by APO (FC) LLC from U.S. sources. Such income will not be eligible for the reduced rate of tax that may be applicable to qualified dividend income for individual U.S. persons. Amounts included as such income with respect to direct and indirect investments generally will not be taxable again when actually distributed. For further discussion of CFC treatment, see Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares Passive Foreign Investment Companies and Controlled Foreign Corporations below.
APO Asset Co., LLC. APO Asset Co., LLC is a wholly-owned limited liability company. APO Asset Co., LLC will be treated as an entity disregarded as a separate entity from us. Accordingly, all the assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of APO Asset Co., LLC will be treated as our assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit.
If we form a U.S. corporation or other entity treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, that corporation would be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on its income.
Personal Holding Companies. APO Corp. could be subject to additional U.S. Federal income tax on a portion of its income if it is determined to be a personal holding company, or PHC, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. A U.S. corporation generally will be classified as a PHC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes in a given taxable year if (i) at any time during the last half of such taxable year, five or fewer individuals (without regard to their citizenship or residency and including as individuals for this purpose certain entities such as
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certain tax-exempt organizations and pension funds) own or are deemed to own (pursuant to certain constructive ownership rules) more than 50% of the stock of the corporation by value and (ii) at least 60% of the corporations adjusted ordinary gross income, as determined for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, for such taxable year consists of PHC income (which includes, among other things, dividends, interest, royalties, annuities and, under certain circumstances, rents). The PHC rules do not apply to non-U.S. corporations.
Due to applicable attribution rules, it is likely that five or fewer individuals or tax-exempt organizations will be treated as owning actually or constructively more than 50% of the value of stock in APO Corp. Consequently, APO Corp. could be or become a PHC, depending on whether it fails the PHC gross income test. Certain aspects of the gross income test cannot be predicted with certainty. Thus, we cannot give any assurance that APO Corp. will not become a PHC in the future.
If APO Corp. is or were to become a PHC in a given taxable year, it would be subject to an additional 15% PHC tax on its undistributed PHC income, which generally includes the companys taxable income, subject to certain adjustments. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010, the PHC tax rate on undistributed PHC income will be equal to the highest marginal rate on ordinary income applicable to individuals (currently 35%).
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares on Our Profits and Losses. As a partnership for tax purposes, we are not a taxable entity and incur no U.S Federal income tax liability. Instead, each holder of Class A shares in computing such holders U.S. Federal income tax liability for a taxable year will be required to take into account its allocable share of items of our income, gain, loss, deduction and credit (including those items of APO Asset Co., LLC as an entity disregarded as a separate entity from us for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) for each of our taxable years ending with or within the taxable year of such holder, regardless whether the holder has received any distributions. The characterization of an item of our income, gain, loss, deduction or credit generally will be determined at our (rather than at the holders) level.
Limits on Deductions for Losses and Expenses. A holders deduction of its share of our losses, if any, will be limited to such holders tax basis in its Class A shares and, if such holder is an individual or a corporation that is subject to the at risk rules, to the amount for which such holder is considered to be at risk with respect to our activities, if that is less than such holders tax basis. In general, a holder of Class A shares will be at risk to the extent of such holders tax basis in its Class A shares, reduced by (1) the portion of that basis attributable to such holders share of our liabilities for which such holder will not be personally liable and (2) any amount of money such holder borrows to acquire or hold its Class A shares, if the lender of those borrowed funds owns an interest in us, is related to such holder or can look only to the Class A shares for repayment. A holders at risk amount will generally increase by its allocable share of our income and gain and decrease by cash distributions to such holder and such holders allocable share of losses and deductions. A holder must recapture losses deducted in previous years to the extent that distributions cause such holders at risk amount to be less than zero at the end of any taxable year. Losses disallowed or recaptured as a result of these limitations will carry forward and will be allowable to the extent that a holders tax basis or at risk amount, whichever is the limiting factor, subsequently increases. Any excess loss above that gain previously suspended by the at risk or basis limitations may no longer be used. It is not entirely free from doubt whether a holder would be subject to additional loss limitations imposed by Section 470 of the Code. The IRS has not yet issued final guidance limiting the scope of this anti-abuse provision. Prospective holders of Class A shares should therefore consult their own tax advisors about the possible effect of this provision.
We do not expect to generate any income or losses from passive activities for purposes of Section 469 of the Code. Accordingly, income allocated by us to a holder of Class A shares may not be offset by any Section 469 passive losses of such holder from other sources and any losses we allocate to a holder generally may not be used to offset Section 469 passive income of such holder from other sources. In addition, other provisions of the Code may limit or disallow any deduction for losses by a holder of Class A shares or deductions
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associated with certain assets of the partnership in certain cases, including potentially Section 470 of the Code. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult with their own tax advisors regarding their limitations on the deductibility of losses under applicable sections of the Code.
Limitations on Deductibility of Organizational Expenses and Syndication Fees. In general, neither we nor any U.S. holder of Class A shares may deduct organizational or syndication expenses. An election may be made by our partnership to amortize organizational expenses over a 15-year period. Syndication fees (which would include any sales or placement fees or commissions or underwriting discount payable to third parties) must be capitalized and cannot be amortized or otherwise deducted.
Limitations on Interest Deductions . A holders share of our interest expense is likely to be treated as investment interest expense. If a holder is a non-corporate taxpayer, the deductibility of investment interest expense is generally limited to the amount of such holders net investment income. A holders share of our dividend and interest income will be treated as investment income, although qualified dividend income subject to reduced rates of tax in the hands of an individual (currently through 2010) will only be treated as investment income if a holder elects to treat such dividend as ordinary income not subject to reduced rates of tax. In addition, state and local tax laws may disallow deductions for a holders share of our interest expense.
The computation of a holders investment interest expense will take into account interest on any margin account borrowing or other loan incurred to purchase a Class A share. Net investment income includes gross income from property held for investment and amounts treated as portfolio income under the passive loss rules less deductible expenses, other than interest, directly connected with the production of investment income, but generally does not include gains attributable to the disposition of property held for investment. For this purpose, any long-term capital gain or qualifying dividend income that is taxable at long-term capital gain rates (such preferential rates currently available through 2010) is excluded from net investment income, unless a holder of Class A shares elects to pay tax on such gain or dividend income at ordinary income rates.
Deductibility of Partnership Investment Expenditures by Individual Partners and by Trusts and Estates . Subject to certain exceptions, all miscellaneous itemized deductions of an individual taxpayer, and certain of such deductions of an estate or trust, are deductible only to the extent that such deductions exceed 2% of the taxpayers adjusted gross income. For tax years beginning after December 31, 2010, the otherwise allowable itemized deductions of individuals whose gross income exceeds an applicable threshold amount are subject to reduction by an amount equal to the lesser of (1) 3% of the excess of the individuals adjusted gross income over the threshold amount, or (2) 80% of the amount of the itemized deductions. The operating expenses of Apollo may be treated as miscellaneous itemized deductions subject to the foregoing rule. Prospective non-corporate holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the application of these limitations.
Allocation of Profits and Losses. For each of our fiscal years, items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit recognized by us (including those items of APO Asset Co., LLC as an entity disregarded as a separate entity from us for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) generally will be allocated among the holders of Class A shares pro rata in accordance with the number of shares held. To the extent that our managing partners and contributing partners exchange Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares, such income and gain will from time to time include the built-in income or gain inherent in the underlying assets of the Apollo Operating Group at the time of such exchange. Section 704(c) of the Code arguably requires that we specially allocate such built-in income or gain to the holders of these specific Class A shares. However, since we do not expect to be able to identify these specific Class A shares following their sales on the market by such partners, we expect that we will not be able to make such special allocations to the holders of these specific Class A shares. Accordingly, such built-in income or gain will likely be allocated pro rata among all holders of Class A shares.
We may make investments that produce taxable income before they generate cash and/or may devote cash flow to make other investments or pay principal amount of debt. Therefore the amount of taxable income that we allocated to you may exceed your cash distributions, and this excess may be substantial.
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We must allocate items of partnership income and deductions between transferors and transferees of Class A shares. We will apply certain assumptions and conventions in an attempt to comply with applicable rules under the Code and to report income, gain, loss, deduction and credit to holders in a manner that reflects such holders beneficial shares of our items. These conventions are designed to more closely align the receipt of cash and the allocation of income between holders of Class A shares, but these assumptions and conventions may not be in compliance with all aspects of applicable tax requirements. In addition, as a result of such allocation method, we may allocate taxable income to you even if you do not receive any distributions.
If the IRS does not accept our conventions, the IRS may contend that our taxable income or losses must be reallocated among the holders of Class A shares. If such a contention were sustained, certain holders respective tax liabilities would be adjusted to the possible detriment of certain other holders. The Board of Directors is authorized to revise our method of allocation between transferors and transferees (as well as among holders whose interests otherwise could vary during a taxable period). See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administration or Judicial Action below.
Adjusted Tax Basis of Class A Shares . A holders adjusted tax basis in its Class A shares will equal the amount paid for the shares and will be increased by the holders allocable share of (i) items of our income and gain and (ii) our liabilities, if any. A holders adjusted tax basis will be decreased, but not below zero, by (a) distributions from us, (b) the holders allocable share of items of our deductions and losses, and (c) the holders allocable share of the reduction in our liabilities, if any. Although a holder in such circumstance would have a single adjusted tax basis in the separately purchased Class A shares, such holder will have a split holding period in such shares.
Holders who purchase Class A shares in separate transactions must combine the basis of those Class A shares and maintain a single adjusted tax basis for all of those Class A shares. Upon a sale or other disposition of less than all of the Class A shares, a portion of that tax basis must be allocated to the Class A shares sold.
Treatment of Distributions . Distributions of cash by us generally will not be taxable to a holder to the extent of such holders adjusted tax basis (described above) in its Class A shares. Any cash distributions in excess of a holders adjusted tax basis generally will be considered to be gain from the sale or exchange of Class A shares (as described below). Such amount would be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of its interest in us. Such gain would generally be treated as capital gain and would be long-term capital gain if the holders holding period for its interest exceeds one year. A reduction in a holders allocable share of our liabilities, and certain distributions of marketable securities by us, are treated similar to cash distributions for U.S. Federal income tax purposes.
Disposition of Interest . A sale or other taxable disposition of all or a portion of a holders interest in its Class A shares will result in the recognition of gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realized on the disposition (including the holders share of our liabilities) and the holders adjusted tax basis in its Class A shares. A holders adjusted tax basis will be adjusted for this purpose by its allocable share of our income or loss for the year of such sale or other disposition. Except as described below, any gain or loss recognized with respect to such sale or other disposition generally will be treated as capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holders holding period for its interest exceeds one year. If we have not made a qualifying electing fund, or QEF, election to treat our interest in a PFIC as a QEF, gain attributable to such an interest would be taxable as ordinary income and would be subject to an interest charge. In addition, certain gain attributable to our investment in a CFC, for instance Apollo (FC), LLC, may be ordinary income and certain gain attributable to unrealized receivables or inventory items would be characterized as ordinary income rather than capital gain. For example, if we hold debt acquired at a market discount, accrued market discount on such debt would be treated as unrealized receivables.
Holders who purchase Class A shares at different times and intend to sell all or a portion of the shares within a year of their most recent purchase are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of
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certain split holding period rules to them and the treatment of any gain or loss as long-term or short term capital gain or loss. For example, a selling holder may use the actual holding period of the portion of his transferred shares, provided (i) his shares are divided into identifiable shares with ascertainable holding periods, (ii) the selling holder can identify the portion of the shares transferred, and (iii) the selling holder elects to use the identification method for all sales or exchanges of our shares.
Foreign Tax Credit Limitations. Holders of Class A shares will generally be entitled to a foreign tax credit with respect to their allocable share of creditable foreign taxes paid on our income and gains. Complex rules may, depending on the particular circumstances, limit the availability or use of foreign tax credits. Gains from the sale of our foreign investments may be treated as U.S. source gains. Consequently, holders of Class A shares may not be able to use the foreign tax credit arising from any foreign taxes imposed on such gains unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against tax due on other income treated as derived from foreign sources. Certain losses that we incur may be treated as foreign source losses, which could reduce the amount of foreign tax credits otherwise available.
Mutual Fund Holders . U.S. mutual funds that are treated as regulated investment companies, or RICs, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes are required, among other things, to meet an annual 90% gross income and a quarterly 50% asset value test under Section 851(b) of the Code to maintain their favorable U.S. Federal income tax status. The treatment of an investment by a RIC in Class A shares for purposes of these tests will depend on whether our partnership will be treated as a qualifying publicly traded partnership. If our partnership is so treated, then the Class A shares themselves are the relevant assets for purposes of the 50% asset value test and the net income from the Class A shares is relevant gross income for purposes of the 90% gross income test. If, however, our partnership is not so treated, then the relevant assets are the RICs allocable share of the underlying assets held by our partnership and the relevant gross income is the RICs allocable share of the underlying gross income earned by our partnership. Whether our partnership will qualify as a qualifying publicly traded partnership will depend upon the exact nature of our future investments. We will operate such that at least 90% of our gross income from the underlying assets held by our partnership will constitute cash and property that generates dividends, interest and gains from the sale of securities or other income that qualifies for the RIC gross income test described above. RICs should consult their own tax advisors about the U.S. tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares.
Tax-Exempt Holders . A holder of our Class A shares that is a tax-exempt organization for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and, therefore, exempt from U.S. Federal income taxation, may nevertheless be subject to unrelated business income tax to the extent, if any, that its allocable share of our income consists of UBTI. A tax-exempt partner of a partnership that engages in a trade or business which is unrelated to the exempt function of the tax-exempt partner must include in computing its UBTI, its pro rata share (whether or not distributed) of such partnerships gross income derived from such unrelated trade or business. Moreover, a tax-exempt partner of a partnership generally could be treated as earning UBTI to the extent that such partnership derives income from debt-financed property, or if the partnership interest itself is debt financed. Debt-financed property means property held to produce income with respect to which there is acquisition indebtedness ( i.e. , indebtedness incurred in acquiring or holding property).
An investment in Class A shares will give rise to UBTI, in particular from debt-financed property, because APO Asset Co., LLC and/or its subsidiaries will borrow funds from APO Corp. or third parties from time to time to make investments. In each case, these investments will give rise to UBTI from debt-financed property. We will not make investments through taxable corporations solely for the purpose of limiting UBTI from debt-financed property and other sources.
Prospective tax-exempt holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies and Controlled Foreign Corporations . It is possible that we will invest in non-U.S. corporations treated as PFICs or CFCs. A PFIC is defined as any foreign corporation with respect to which either (1) 75% or more of the gross income for a taxable year is passive income or (2) 50% or
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more of its assets in any taxable year (generally based on the quarterly average of the value of its assets) produce passive income. There are no minimum stock ownership requirements for PFICs. Once a corporation qualifies as a PFIC it is, subject to certain exceptions, always treated as a PFIC, regardless of whether it satisfies either of the qualification tests in subsequent years. In the case of PFICs, a U.S. Class A shareholders share of certain distributions from such corporations and gains from the sale by us of interests in such corporations (or gains from the sale by a U.S. Class A shareholder of their interest) could be subject to an interest charge and certain other disadvantageous tax treatment. A non-U.S. entity will be treated as a CFC if it is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and if more than 50% of (i) the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the non-U.S. entity entitled to vote or (ii) the total value of the stock of the non-U.S. entity is owned by U.S. Shareholders on any day during the taxable year of such non-U.S. entity. For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. Shareholder with respect to a non-U.S. entity means a U.S. person that owns 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the non-U.S. entity entitled to vote. In the case of CFCs, a portion of the income of such corporations (whether or not distributed) could be imputed currently as ordinary income to certain U.S. Class A shareholders. Furthermore, in the case of PFICs and CFCs, gains from the sale by us of an interest in such corporations (or gains recognized by certain U.S. Class A shareholder on the sale of their interest) could be characterized as ordinary income (rather than as capital gains) in whole or in part. If we make a QEF election with respect to a PFIC, each U.S. Class A shareholder would in general be required to include in income annually its share of the PFICs current income and gains (losses are not currently deductible), but would avoid the interest charge and ordinary income treatment as to gains described above. As a result of a QEF election, a U.S. Class A shareholder could recognize income subject to tax prior to the receipt by us of any distributable proceeds. We can not give any assurance that the QEF election will be available with respect to a PFIC that we invest in.
U.S. Federal Estate Taxes . Since Class A shares held by a U.S. citizen or resident would be included in the gross estate of such U.S. citizen or resident for U.S. Federal estate tax purposes, then a U.S. Federal estate tax might be payable with respect to such shares in connection with the death of such person. Prospective individual U.S. holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors concerning the potential U.S. Federal estate tax consequences with respect to Class A shares.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Persons
Non-U.S. Persons . Special rules apply to a holder of our Class A shares that is a non-U.S. person. Non-U.S. persons are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate on the gross amount of interest, dividends and other fixed or determinable annual or periodical income received from sources within the United States if such income is not treated as effectively connected with a trade or business within the United States. The 30% rate may be reduced or eliminated under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and the country in which the non-U.S. person resides or is organized. Whether a non-U.S. person is eligible for such treaty benefits will depend upon the provisions of the applicable treaty as well as the treatment of us under the laws of the non-U.S. persons jurisdiction. The 30% withholding tax rate does not apply to certain portfolio interest on obligations of U.S. persons allocable to certain non-U.S. persons. Moreover, non-U.S. persons generally are not subject to U.S. Federal income tax on capital gains if (i) such gains are not effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business of such non-U.S. person; (ii) a tax treaty is applicable and such gains are not attributable to a permanent establishment in the United States maintained by such non-U.S. person; or (iii) such non-U.S. person is an individual and is not present in the United States for 183 or more days during the taxable year (assuming certain other conditions are met).
Non-U.S. persons treated as engaged in a U.S. trade or business are subject to U.S. Federal income tax at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. persons on their net income that is considered to be effectively connected with such U.S. trade or business. Non-U.S. persons that are corporations may also be subject to a 30% branch profits tax on such effectively connected income. The 30% rate applicable to branch profits may be reduced or eliminated under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and the country in which the non-U.S. person resides or is organized.
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While it is expected that our methods of operation will not result in a determination that we are engaged in a U.S. trade or business, we cannot give any assurance that the IRS will not assert successfully that we are engaged in a U.S. trade or business, with the result that some portion of our income is properly treated as effectively connected income with respect to non-U.S. holders. If a holder who is a non-U.S. person were treated as being engaged in a U.S. trade or business in any year because of an investment in the Class A shares in such year, such holder generally would be (i) subject to withholding by us on its distributive share of our income effectively connected with such U.S. trade or business, (ii) required to file a U.S. Federal income tax return for such year reporting its allocable share, if any, of income or loss effectively connected with such trade or business and (iii) required to pay U.S. Federal income tax at regular U.S. Federal income tax rates on any such income. Moreover, a holder who is a corporate non-U.S. person might be subject to a U.S. branch profits tax on its allocable share of its effectively connected income. Any amount so withheld would be creditable against such non-U.S. persons U.S. Federal income tax liability, and such non-U.S. person could claim a refund to the extent that the amount withheld exceeded such non-U.S. persons U.S. Federal income tax liability for the taxable year. Finally, if we were treated as being engaged in a U.S. trade or business, a portion of any gain recognized by a holder who is a non-U.S. person on the sale or exchange of its Class A shares could be treated for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as effectively connected income, and hence such non-U.S. person could be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the sale or exchange.
Generally, under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, or FIRPTA, provisions of the Code, non-U.S. persons are subject to U.S. tax in the same manner as U.S. persons on any gain realized on the disposition of an interest, other than an interest solely as a creditor, in U.S. real property. An interest in U.S. real property includes stock in a U.S. corporation (except for certain stock of publicly traded U.S. corporations) if interests in U.S. real property constitute 50% or more by value of the sum of the corporations assets used in a trade or business, its U.S. real property interests and its interests in real property located outside the United States (a United States Real Property Holding Corporation or USRPHC). Consequently, a non-U.S. person who invests directly in U.S. real estate, or indirectly by owning the stock of a USRPHC, will be subject to tax under FIRPTA on the disposition of such investment. The FIRPTA tax will also apply if the non-U.S. person is a holder of an interest in a partnership that owns an interest in U.S. real property or an interest in a USRPHC. We may, from time to time, make certain investments (other than direct investments in U.S. real property) through APO Asset Co., LLC that could constitute investments in U.S. real property or USRPHCs, including dividends from real estate investment trust investments that are attributable to gains from the sale of U.S. real property. If we make such investments, each non-U.S. person will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax under FIRPTA on such holders allocable share of any gain realized on the disposition of a FIRPTA interest and will be subject to the tax return filing requirements discussed above.
In general, different rules from those described above apply in the case of non-U.S. persons subject to special treatment under U.S. Federal income tax law, including a non-U.S. person (i) who has an office or fixed place of business in the United States or is otherwise carrying on a U.S. trade or business; (ii) who is an individual present in the United States for 183 or more days or has a tax home in the United States for U.S. Federal income tax purposes; or (iii) who is a former citizen or resident of the United States.
U.S. Federal Estate Tax Consequences . The U.S. Federal estate tax treatment of Class A shares with regards to the estate of a non-citizen who is not a resident of the United States is not entirely clear. If Class A shares are includible in the U.S. gross estate of such person, then a U.S. Federal estate tax might be payable in connection with the death of such person. Prospective individual non-U.S. holders of Class A shares who are non-citizens and not residents of the United States should consult their own tax advisors concerning the potential U.S. Federal estate tax consequences with regard to Class A shares.
Prospective holders who are non-U.S. persons are urged to consult their tax advisors with regard to the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares, as well as the effects of state, local and non-U.S. tax laws, as well as eligibility for any reduced withholding benefits.
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Administrative Matters
Tax Matters Partner . One of our managing partners will act as our tax matters partner. Our board of directors will have the authority, subject to certain restrictions, to appoint another founder or Class A shareholder to act on our behalf in connection with an administrative or judicial review of our items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit.
Tax Elections . We have not made and currently do not intend to make the election permitted by Section 754 of the Code with respect to us. Each of Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and the Apollo Operating Group entities controlled by Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. has made such an election while Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. have not made such an election and currently do not intend to make the election. The election, if made, is irrevocable without the consent of the IRS, and would generally require us to adjust the tax basis in our assets, or inside basis, attributable to a transferee of common units under Section 743(b) of the Code to reflect the purchase price of the common units paid by the transferee. However, this election does not apply to a person who purchases common units directly from us, including in this offering. For purposes of this discussion, a transferees inside basis in our assets will be considered to have two components: (1) the transferees share of our tax basis in our assets, or common basis, and (2) the Section 743(b) adjustment to that basis.
If no Section 754 election is made, there would be no adjustment for the transferee of Class A shares, even if the purchase price of those common units, is higher than the transferors share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. In that case, on a sale of an asset, gain allocable to the transferee would include built-in gain allocable to the transferee at the time of the transfer, which built-in gain would otherwise generally be eliminated if a Section 754 election had been made.
Even assuming no Section 754 election is made, if Class A shares were transferred at a time when we had a substantial built-in loss inherent in our assets, we would be obligated to reduce the tax basis in the portion of such assets attributable to such Class A shares.
The calculations under Section 754 of the Code are complex, and there is little legal authority concerning the mechanics of the calculations, particularly in the context of publicly traded partnerships. To help reduce the complexity of those calculations and the resulting administrative costs to us if we make elections under Section 754, we will apply certain conventions in determining and allocating basis adjustments. For example, we may apply a convention in which we deem the price paid by a holder of Class A shares to be the lowest quoted trading price of the Class A shares during the month in which the purchase occurred irrespective of the actual price paid. Nevertheless, the use of such conventions may result in basis adjustments that do not exactly reflect a holders purchase price for its Class A shares, including less favorable basis adjustments to a holder who paid more than the lowest quoted trading price of the Class A shares for the month in which the purchase occurred. It is also possible that the IRS will successfully assert that the conventions we utilize do not satisfy the technical requirements of the Code or the Treasury Regulations and, thus, will require different basis adjustments to be made. If the IRS were to sustain such a position, a holder of Class A shares may have adverse tax consequences.
Constructive Termination . Subject to the electing large partnership rules described below, we will be considered to have been terminated and reformed as a new partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes if there is a sale or exchange of 50% or more of the total interests in our capital and profits within a 12-month period. Our termination would result in the closing of our taxable year for all holders of Class A shares. In the case of a holder reporting on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending on our year end, the closing of our taxable year may result in more than 12 months of our taxable income or loss being includable in the holders taxable income for the year of termination. We would be required to make new tax elections after a termination, including a new tax election under Section 754 of the Code. A termination could also result in penalties if we
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were unable to determine that the termination had occurred. Moreover, a termination might either accelerate the application of, or subject us to, any tax legislation enacted before the termination.
Information Returns . We have agreed to use reasonable efforts to furnish to you tax information (including Schedule K-1) as promptly as possible, which describes your allocable share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our preceding taxable year. In preparing this information, we will use various accounting and reporting conventions to determine your allocable share of income, gain, loss and deduction. Delivery of this information by us will be subject to delay in the event of, among other reasons, the late receipt of any necessary tax information from an investment in which we hold an interest. It is therefore likely that, in any taxable year, our shareholders will need to apply for extensions of time to file their tax returns. The IRS may successfully contend that certain of these reporting conventions are impermissible, which could result in an adjustment to your allocable share of our income, gain, loss and/or deduction and necessitate that you file amended tax returns for the taxable year(s) affected to reflect such adjustment. If you are not a U.S. person, we cannot give any assurance that the tax information we furnish will meet your jurisdictions compliance requirements.
It is possible that we may engage in transactions that subject our partnership and, potentially, the holders of our Class A shares to other information reporting requirements with respect to an investment in us. You may be subject to substantial penalties if you fail to comply with such information reporting requirements. You should consult with your tax advisors regarding such information reporting requirements.
We may be audited by the IRS. Adjustments resulting from an IRS audit may require you to file amended tax returns for the taxable year(s) affected to reflect such adjustment and possibly may result in an audit of your own tax return. Any audit of your tax return could result in adjustments not related to our tax returns as well as those related to our tax returns. Under our operating agreement, in the event of an inadvertent partnership termination in which the IRS has granted us limited relief each holder of our Class A shares is obligated to make such adjustments as are required by the IRS to maintain our status as a partnership.
Nominee Reporting . Persons who hold our Class A shares as nominees for another person are required to furnish to us (i) the name, address and taxpayer identification number of the beneficial owner and the nominee; (ii) whether the beneficial owner is (1) a person that is not a U.S. person, (2) a foreign government, an international organization or any wholly-owned agency or instrumentality of either of the foregoing, or (3) a tax-exempt entity; (iii) the amount and description of Class A shares held, acquired or transferred for the beneficial owner; and (iv) specific information including the dates of acquisitions and transfers, means of acquisitions and transfers, and acquisition costs for purchases, as well as the amount of net proceeds from sales.
Brokers and financial institutions are required to furnish additional information, including whether they are U.S. persons and specific information on Class A shares they acquire, hold or transfer for their own account. A penalty of $50 per failure, up to a maximum of $100,000 per calendar year, is imposed by the Code for failure to report that information to us. The nominee is required to supply the beneficial owner of the Class A shares with the information furnished to us.
Taxable Year . A partnership is required to have a tax year that is the same tax year as any partner, or group of partners, that owns a majority interest (more than 50%) in the partnership. A partnership also is required to change its tax year every time a group of partners with a different tax year end acquires a majority interest, unless the partnership has been forced to change its tax year during the preceding two-year period. In the event the majority interest in the Class A shares is acquired by a group of partners with a different tax year and we have not been forced to change our tax year during the preceding two-year period, we will be required to change our tax year to the tax year of that group of partners. We may request permission from the IRS to adopt a tax year end of December 31.
Elective Procedures for Large Partnerships . The Code allows large partnerships to elect streamlined procedures for income tax reporting. This election, if made, would reduce the number of items that must be separately stated on the Schedule K-1 that are issued to the holders of the Class A shares, and such Schedules K-1
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would have to be provided on or before the first March 15 following the close of each taxable year. In addition, this election would prevent us from suffering a technical termination (which would close our taxable year) if, within a 12-month period, there is a sale or exchange of 50% or more of our total interests. If an election is made, IRS audit adjustments will flow through to the holders of the Class A shares for the year in which the adjustments take effect, rather than the holders of the Class A shares in the year to which the adjustment relates. In addition, we, rather than the holders of the Class A shares individually, generally will be liable for any interest and penalties that result from an audit adjustment.
Treatment of Amounts Withheld . If we are required to withhold any U.S. tax on distributions made to any holder of Class A shares, we will pay such withheld amount to the IRS. That payment, if made, will be treated as a distribution of cash to the holder of Class A shares with respect to whom the payment was made and will reduce the amount of cash to which such holder would otherwise be entitled.
Withholding and Backup Withholding . For each calendar year, we will report to you and the IRS the amount of distributions we made to you and the amount of U.S. Federal income tax (if any) that we withheld on those distributions. The proper application to us of rules for withholding under Section 1441 of the Code (applicable to certain dividends, interest and similar items) is unclear. Because the documentation we receive may not properly reflect the identities of partners at any particular time (in light of possible sales of Class A shares), we may over-withhold or under-withhold with respect to a particular holder of Class A shares. For example, we may impose withholding, remit that amount to the IRS and thus reduce the amount of a distribution paid to a non-U.S. holder. It may turn out, however, the corresponding amount of our income was not properly allocable to such holder, and the withholding should have been less than the actual withholding. Such holder would be entitled to a credit against the holders U.S. tax liability for all withholding, including any such excess withholding, but, if the withholding exceeded the holders U.S. tax liability, the holder would have to apply for a refund to obtain the benefit of the excess withholding. Similarly, we may fail to withhold on a distribution, and it may turn out the corresponding income was properly allocable to a non-U.S. holder and withholding should have been imposed. In that event, we intend to pay the under-withheld amount to the IRS, and we may treat such under-withholding as an expense that will be borne by all holders of our Class A shares on a pro rata basis (since we may be unable to allocate any such excess withholding tax cost to the relevant non-U.S. holder).
If you do not timely provide us with IRS Form W-8 or W-9, as applicable, or such form is not properly completed, we may become subject to U.S. backup withholding taxes in excess of what would have been imposed had we received certifications from all holders. Such excess U.S. backup withholding taxes may be treated by us as an expense that will be borne by all holders on a pro rata basis (where we are or may be unable to cost efficiently allocate any such excess withholding tax cost specifically to the holders that failed to timely provide the proper U.S. tax certifications).
Withholding Legislation . On March 18, 2010, President Obama signed the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment (HIRE) Act into law. This legislation would generally impose, effective for payments made after December 31, 2012, a withholding tax of 30% on (i) interest, (ii) dividends paid on common stock and (iii) the gross proceeds of a disposition of common stock paid to a foreign financial institution, unless such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. government to collect and provide to the U.S. tax authorities substantial information regarding U.S. account holders of such institution (which would include certain account holders that are foreign entities with U.S. owners). The legislation would also generally impose a withholding tax of 30% on (i) interest, (ii) dividends paid on common stock and (iii) the gross proceeds of a disposition of common stock paid to a non-financial foreign entity unless such entity provides the withholding agent with a certification identifying the direct and indirect U.S. owners of the entity. Under certain circumstances, a holder of such obligations might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes. The recently adopted legislation also imposes new U.S. return disclosure obligations (and related penalties for failure to disclose) on U.S. individuals that hold certain specified foreign financial assets (which include financial accounts in foreign financial institutions). Investors are encouraged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this legislation on their investment in the Class A shares.
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Tax Shelter Regulations . If we were to engage in a reportable transaction, we (and possibly you and others) would be required to make a detailed disclosure of the transaction to the IRS in accordance with recently issued regulations governing tax shelters and other potentially tax-motivated transactions. A transaction may be a reportable transaction based upon any of several factors, including the fact that it is a type of tax avoidance transaction publicly identified by the IRS as a listed transaction or that it produces certain kinds of losses in excess of $2 million. An investment in us may be considered a reportable transaction if, for example, we recognize certain significant losses in the future. In certain circumstances, a holder of our Class A shares who disposes of an interest in a transaction resulting in the recognition by such holder of significant losses in excess of certain threshold amounts may be obligated to disclose its participation in such transaction. Our participation in a reportable transaction also could increase the likelihood that our U.S. Federal income tax information return (and possibly your tax return) would be audited by the IRS. Certain of these rules are currently unclear and it is possible that they may be applicable in situations other than significant loss transactions.
Moreover, if we were to participate in a reportable transaction with a significant purpose to avoid or evade tax, or in any listed transaction, you may be subject to (i) significant accuracy-related penalties with a broad scope, (ii) for those persons otherwise entitled to deduct interest on U.S. Federal tax deficiencies, nondeductibility of interest on any resulting tax liability, and (iii) in the case of a listed transaction, an extended statute of limitations.
Holders of our Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors concerning any possible disclosure obligation under the regulations governing tax shelters with respect to the dispositions of their interests in us.
Possible New legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action . The rules dealing with U.S. Federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department, frequently resulting in revised interpretations of established concepts, statutory changes, revisions to regulations and other modifications and interpretations. We cannot give any assurance as to whether, or in what form, any proposals affecting us or our shareholders will be enacted. The IRS pays close attention to the proper application of tax laws to partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of an investment in the Class A shares may be modified by administrative, legislative or judicial action at any time, and any such action may affect investments and commitments previously made. The U.S. Congress, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department are currently examining the U.S. Federal income tax treatment of private equity funds, hedge funds and other kinds of investment partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of an investment in our Class A shares and/or our own taxation as described under Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations may be adversely affected by any new legislation, new regulations or revised interpretations of existing tax law that arise as a result of such examinations. Most notably, on May 28, 2010, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation that would, in general, treat income and gains, including gain on sale, attributable to an interest in an investment services partnership interest, or ISPI, as income subject to a new blended tax rate that is higher than under current law, except to the extent such ISPI is considered under the legislation to be a qualified capital interest. The interests of Class A shareholders and our interests in the Apollo Operating Group that are entitled to receive carried interest may be classified as ISPIs for purposes of this legislation. The U.S. Senate considered but did not pass legislation that is generally similar to the legislation passed by the U.S. House of Representatives. It is unclear when or whether the U.S. Senate will act on such legislation or what provisions will be included in any final legislation, if enacted.
The House bill provides that, for taxable years beginning ten years after the date of enactment, income derived with respect to an ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest and that is treated as ordinary income under the rules discussed above will not be qualifying income for purposes of the qualifying income exception. Therefore, if this or similar legislation is enacted, following such ten-year period, we would be precluded from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or be required to hold all such ISPIs through corporations, possibly U.S. corporations. If we were taxed as a U.S. corporation or required to hold all ISPIs through corporations, our effective tax rate would increase significantly. The federal statutory rate for
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corporations is currently 35%. In addition, we could be subject to increased state and local taxes. Furthermore, holders of Class A shares could be subject to tax on our conversion into a corporation or any restructuring required in order for us to hold our ISPIs through a corporation.
Under the House bill, if you are an individual, 75% of the income and gains attributable to an interest in an ISPI would be taxed at ordinary income tax rates (50% during a two-year transition period). A version considered in the Senate would eliminate the transition period but would reduce the portion of income and gains attributable to an ISPI that are taxed at ordinary income tax rates to 50% for income and gains attributable to assets held by the partnership for more than five years. The deductibility of any losses attributable to any ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest would be subject to limitations. In addition, any dividends that are attributable to an ISPI directly or indirectly held by us would not be considered qualified dividends and, therefore, would not be entitled to reduced rates of taxation currently available for qualified dividends through 2010. Holders of Class A shares may also be subject to additional state and local tax as a result of the legislation. While the legislation does not specifically address whether income or gains that is attributable to an interest in an ISPI is treated as ECI or as UBTI, the technical explanation accompanying the legislation indicates that, under regulations to be promulgated following enactment, such income or gains should only be treated as ECI or UBTI to the extent it would be treated as such under current law. Apollos principals and other professionals may face additional adverse tax consequences under the legislation, which may thereby adversely affect Apollos ability to offer attractive incentive opportunities for key personnel.
Additionally, President Obama endorsed legislation to tax carried interest as ordinary income in the 2010 and 2011 budget blueprint. Legislation similar to the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010, as well as legislation that would tax, as corporations, publicly traded partnerships that directly or indirectly derive income from investment adviser or asset management services were introduced in prior sessions of Congress. None of these legislative proposals affecting the tax treatment of our carried interests, or of our ability to qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, has yet been enacted. Any such changes in tax law would cause us to be taxable as a corporation, thereby substantially increasing our tax liability and potentially reducing the value of Class A shares. Furthermore, it is possible that the U.S. Federal income tax law could be changed in ways that would adversely affect the anticipated tax consequences for us and/or the holders of Class A shares as described herein, including possible changes that would adversely affect the taxation of tax-exempt and/or non-U.S. holders of Class A shares. For example, there could be changes that could adversely affect the taxation of tax-exempt and/or non-U.S. holders of Class A shares, by treating carried interest income as fees for services (which generally would be taxable to tax-exempt investors and non-U.S. holders).
Other jurisdictions have also introduced legislation to increase taxes with respect to carried interest. For instance, on June 29, 2010, the New York State Legislature introduced legislation to expand New Yorks non-resident personal income to include carried interest. If passed, this legislation would be retroactive to January 1, 2010. It is unclear whether this legislation or other legislation will be enacted. Finally, because of widespread state budget deficits, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise or other forms of taxation. If any state were to impose a tax upon us as an entity, our distribution to the holders of Class A shares would be reduced.
It is unclear whether any additional legislation will be proposed or enacted or, if enacted, whether and how the legislation would apply to us and/or the holders of Class A shares, and it is unclear whether any other such tax law changes will occur or, if they do, how they might affect us and/or the holders of Class A shares. Our organizational documents and agreements permit the manager to modify the operating agreement from time to time, without the consent of the holders of Class A shares, in order to address certain changes in U.S. Federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation. In some circumstances, such revisions could have a material adverse impact on some or all of the holders of our Class A shares. In view of the potential significance of any such U.S. Federal income tax law changes and the fact that there are likely to be ongoing developments in this area, each prospective holder of Class A shares should consult its own tax advisor to determine the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to it of acquiring and holding Class A shares in light of such potential U.S. Federal income tax law changes.
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THE FOREGOING DISCUSSION IS NOT INTENDED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR CAREFUL TAX PLANNING. THE TAX MATTERS RELATING TO APOLLO AND HOLDERS OF CLASS A SHARES ARE COMPLEX AND ARE SUBJECT TO VARYING INTERPRETATIONS. MOREOVER, THE EFFECT OF EXISTING INCOME TAX LAWS, THE MEANING AND IMPACT OF WHICH IS UNCERTAIN AND OF PROPOSED CHANGES IN INCOME TAX LAWS WILL VARY WITH THE PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES OF EACH PROSPECTIVE HOLDER AND, IN REVIEWING THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR, THESE MATTERS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED. PROSPECTIVE HOLDERS OF CLASS A SHARES SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES OF ANY INVESTMENT IN CLASS A SHARES.
Material Argentine Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Argentine tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Argentina. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Argentine tax considerations relevant to a holder resident in Argentina. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Argentine laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
For the purpose of the material Argentine tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that an Argentine person is a person that is (i) an individual resident in Argentina for income tax purposes (an Argentine Individual) or (ii) (x) a corporation or any other company taxable as a corporation for Argentine income tax purposes that is resident in Argentina, (y) a permanent establishment that is located in Argentina and belongs to a non-resident company or individual or (z) a trust or an investment fund formed in Argentina (an Argentine Legal Entity).
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares
Taxation of Dividends. Pursuant to the Argentine income tax law (ITL), dividends either distributed to or available for collection by Argentine holders of Class A shares, whether in the form of cash, stock or other types of consideration, would be subject to Argentine income tax.
Argentine Individuals are subject to progressive tax rates ranging from 9% to 35%, whereas Argentine Legal Entities are subject to a flat rate of 35%, imposed on taxable income.
Argentine holders of Class A shares would be entitled to an ordinary direct foreign tax credit for any income taxes or similar taxes effectively paid by such holders upon the distribution of dividends.
Taxation of Capital Gains. The tax treatment of capital gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares would depend on whether such gains are realized by an Argentine Individual or an Argentine Legal Entity.
Under current law and the interpretation of the Attorney General, Argentine Individuals who do not sell Class A shares on a regular basis generally are not subject to the Argentine income tax on capital gains derived from the disposal of such Class A shares. There is no legal test or definition used to determine whether such activity is deemed to be carried out on a regular basis.
Argentine Individuals who purchase and sell shares on a regular basis would be subject to income tax at a progressive rate ranging from 9% to 35% on capital gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares. The taxable gain would equal the price paid for the shares less the cost for the shares, converted into pesos at the time of acquisition, and related expenses.
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Capital gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares by an Argentine Legal Entity would be subject to income tax at the rate of 35%. The taxable gain would equal the price paid for the shares less the cost for the shares, converted into pesos at the time of acquisition, and related expenses.
Capital losses realized upon the disposal of Class A shares ( i.e., foreign source losses from shares) would be subject to a basket limitation and could only be offset against foreign source gains from the disposal of shares of foreign entities.
Value Added Tax (VAT) . Neither the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares nor the payment of dividends on such shares is subject to VAT.
Personal Assets Tax (PAT) . Under Law 23,966, as amended, Argentine Individuals are subject to the PAT, a net wealth tax levied on worldwide assets, which would include Class A shares, held as of December 31 of each year. Argentine Legal Entities are not subject to the PAT with respect to the shares they own in other legal entities.
The PAT is imposed on the value (calculated according to the PAT Law) of an Argentine Individuals assets. Argentine Individuals whose total assets do not exceed AR$305,000 are exempt from the tax.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value that does not exceed AR$750,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 0.5% on the total assets.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value in excess of AR$750,000 and up to AR$2,000,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 0.75% on the total assets.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value in excess of AR$2,000,000 and up to AR$5,000,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 1% on the total assets.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value of more than AR$5,000,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 1.25% on the total assets.
Class A shares would be considered assets subject to the PAT based on their fair market value as of December 31st of each year if they are listed on an established securities market and based on the holders proportionate share of the net worth of Apollo if they are not listed on an established securities market.
Minimum Deemed Income Tax (MDIT) . Argentine Legal Entities are subject to the MDIT at the rate of 1% (0.2% in the case of local financial entities, leasing entities, insurance entities) on their assets wherever located, according to the value of such assets at the end of the fiscal year. If Class A shares are listed on an established securities market they would have to be valued according to their market price. If they are not listed on an established securities market, value would be determined based on the holders proportionate share of the net worth of Apollo.
There is a de minimis threshold of AR$200,000, but if the value of the assets exceeds such amount, the total value of the assets is subject to the tax.
The MDIT is payable only if the income tax as determined for a given fiscal year does not equal or exceed the amount of the MDIT assessed for such year. In such a case, only the difference between the MDIT determined for such year and the income tax determined for such year shall be paid. Any MDIT paid in a given year may be used as a credit against any income tax payable during any of the immediately following ten fiscal years in which income tax exceeds MDIT. MDIT has been in force up to December 31, 2008, and has not been extended yet.
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Tax on Debits and Credits on Banking Accounts . Law No. 25,413, as amended, levies a tax on debits from and credits to bank accounts at financial institutions located in Argentina and on other transactions that are used as a substitute for the regular use of bank accounts.
The general tax rate is 0.6% for each debit or credit. In certain cases, an increased rate of 1.2% or a reduced rate of 0.075% may apply.
A tax credit is available against income tax and MDIT for 34% of the tax paid at the 0.6% rate on bank credits, and 17% of the tax paid at the 1.2% rate.
This tax could be applicable to Argentine holders in connection with any debit from or credit to Argentine bank accounts, excluding saving accounts generated by, among others, the purchase or disposal of Class A shares or the collection of dividends.
Turnover Tax . The turnover tax is a local tax levied by the Argentine provinces and the city of Buenos Aires on the performance of a for-profit activity ( i.e., an activity for which consideration is paid) on a regular basis. The taxable gain is the amount of gross receipts realized from any such activity within the local jurisdiction. The applicable tax rate ranges from 1% to 3%, depending on the jurisdiction.
Argentine Legal Entities are generally subject to this tax, but Argentine Individuals who are not involved in the regular activity of buying and selling shares are not. Prospective Argentine holders of Class A shares should analyze the possible application of the turnover tax, taking into account the relevant provincial laws given such holders places of residence and business.
Under the Tax Code of the City of Buenos Aires, turnover derived from dividends or as a result of any transaction in respect of shares is exempt. Therefore, the holding of Class A shares would not trigger turnover tax in the City of Buenos Aires.
Stamp Tax. The stamp tax is a local tax levied on the instrumentation of contracts either signed or having effects in Argentina. It is payable in the jurisdiction in which the economic transaction is instrumented, but it may also be applicable in the jurisdiction in which such transaction has effects. The tax rate varies in each jurisdiction (the average is 1%) and the tax is imposed on the economic value of the instrumented transaction.
Argentine holders of Class A shares could be subject to stamp tax in certain Argentine provinces (La Rioja Province or Tierra del Fuego Province) if any instrumented transaction in connection with Class A shares is performed or executed in such local jurisdiction.
Other Taxes. The Province of Buenos Aires enacted Law 14,044, introducing an inheritance and gift tax, effective as of January 1, 2010.
Such tax is levied on the increase of a persons wealth as a consequence of receiving assets on a gratuitous basis, such as inheritances, legacies, gifts, and eligible contributions to companies (in this latter case as an anti-avoidance measure).
Individuals and legal entities domiciled in the Province of Buenos Aires will be subject to this tax if they receive the Class A Shares as an inheritance or gift.
This law provides that any gratuitous transfer of assets the aggregate value of which does not exceed AR$3,000,000 is exempt from the tax. If such value exceeds AR$3,000,000, all the assets received on a gratuitous basis will be subject to the tax at progressive rates, ranging between 5% and 10.5%, subject to certain conditions.
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Tax Treaties. There is currently no tax treaty in effect between Argentina and the United States to avoid double taxation on income and capital.
Material Brazilian Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Brazilian Federal income tax (Corporate Income Tax and Social Contribution on Profits) considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Brazil. This summary is not meant to be a comprehensive and complete description of all Brazilian tax considerations that may be relevant for Brazilian resident holders.
This summary is based on Brazilian laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the Brazilian Federal income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
Taxation of Brazilian Holders of Class A Shares
Under Brazilian law, Brazilian resident holders of Class A shares (whether individuals or entities) would be subject to income tax upon the disposal of Class A shares. Specific rules apply to profits received by Brazilian resident-holders of Class A shares. Dividends derived from equity held in Brazil are not subject to taxation in Brazil.
Capital Gain on Disposal of Class A Shares. Under Articles 117, 138 and 142 of the Income Tax Regulation individual holders of Class A shares would be subject to Income Tax at a rate of 15% on the excess of the sale price of the Class A shares over the acquisition cost of such Class A shares, in respect of capital gains received upon the disposal of Class A shares. Such tax must be collected on or before the last business day of the following month in which the proceeds derived from the disposition of the shares are received.
If the holder is an entity, any capital gains would be added to the holders taxable income for Income Tax purposes. Such an addition could result in taxation of the capital gain at a rate of 34% (considering the 25% of corporate income tax and 9% of social contribution on net income), unless the entity has net operating losses in an amount which would be sufficient to offset the increase in the taxable basis represented by the capital gains.
Capital gains earned by companies located in Brazil with respect to transactions abroad subject such companies to Income Tax and to Social Contribution on Profit under the real profit regime.
Capital gains earned abroad must be converted into Reais at the exchange rate (selling rate) as of the date they are accounted in Brazil. In accordance with Article 395 of Income Tax Regulation, the income tax due abroad with respect to capital gains that are added to taxable income in Brazil can be offset against Income Tax due in Brazil on such capital gains.
In addition, under a reciprocity agreement executed between Brazil and the United States, income tax paid in the United States can be offset against Income Tax due in Brazil, and Income Tax paid in Brazil can be offset against income tax due in the United States.
Capital gains earned by individuals are exempt from income tax as long as the sale price does not exceed R$35,000.00.
Distribution of Profits and Dividends. Distribution of profits or dividends to Brazilian resident holders of Class A shares would be subject to Income Tax and, if the holder is an entity, it will also be subject to the Social Contribution on Profits.
Individual holders are not subject to taxation in Brazil for dividends derived from equity held in Brazil. If the dividends derived from Class A shares are held abroad by Brazilian individuals, such individuals are subject
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to Income Tax at variable rates of 7.5%, on monthly income from R$ 1,499.16 to R$ 2,246.75, with a R$ 112.43 tax deduction allowed; 15%, from R$ 2,246.76 to R$ 2,995.70, with a R$ 280.94 tax deduction allowed; 22.5% from R$ 2,995.71 to R$ 3,743.19, with a R$ 505.62 tax deduction allowed; and 27.5%, on monthly income exceeding R$ 3,743.19, with a R$ 692.78 deduction allowed.
If the holder is an entity, any distributed profits or dividends in respect of equity held abroad would be added to the holders taxable income for Income Tax purposes. Such an addition could result in taxation of such distributions at a rate of 34% (corporate income tax and social contribution on net income), unless the entity has net operating losses in an amount which would be sufficient to offset the increase in the taxable basis represented by the capital gains.
The Income Tax paid in the United States can be offset against Income Tax in Brazil.
Foreign exchange operations in Brazil are now subject to the assessment of the Tax on Financial Operations, at a rate of 0.38%, on the currency exchange.
Material French Tax Considerations
The following summary describes certain French tax considerations of the acquisition, holding and disposition of our Class A shares as of the date hereof. This summary does not represent a detailed description of all French tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to acquire, hold or dispose of our shares. This summary is based on French tax laws (including, as the case may be, the income tax treaty entered into between France and the United States on July 31, 1994, as amended (the U.S.-France Treaty)) and regulations in force as of the date of this prospectus, and as interpreted by the French courts and tax authorities without prejudice to any amendments introduced at a later date and implemented with or without retroactive effect. Each prospective holder of Class A shares should consult his or her own professional tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares. The discussion of the principal French tax consequences of the acquisition, holding and disposal of Class A shares set forth below is included for general information only.
For purposes of the following summary, it is assumed that no holder of Class A shares holds (directly or indirectly, taking into account constructive ownership and attribution rules as may be applicable under French tax law) shares representing 5% or more of the total issued and outstanding capital or voting rights of Apollo, and that no Class A shares held by a French resident holder are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base situated outside France.
This discussion does not apply to certain categories of investors that may be subject to specific rules, including inter alia banks and financial institutions, insurance companies, collective investment schemes, companies holding Class A shares as a controlling interest ( titres de participation ) or individuals holding Class A shares as part of their professional assets. Those investors should consult their own professional tax advisors with respect to the French tax consequences of such an investment.
Investors Holding Class A Shares
We expect to be treated as a partnership for U.S. tax purposes. Generally, there is no clear guidance under French tax law addressing the treatment of tax transparent entities formed under foreign law. However, the French tax authorities have issued a statement of practice addressing certain specific aspects of the application of the U.S.-France Treaty to partnerships and similar entities (including certain limited liability companies) organized under the laws of the United States (the Instruction of April 26, 1999 published in the Bulletin officiel des impôts 14 B-3-99 dated May 6, 1999; the Statement of Practice). However, the Statement of Practice does not provide comprehensive guidelines regarding the application of the U.S.-France Treaty to such entities, and the French tax authorities are currently considering potential modifications of their current practice regarding foreign partnerships in general. On this basis, it is expected that the current tax treatment of French holders of Class A shares would be as summarized below.
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Taxation of Income. The tax treatment of U.S.-source dividends received by a French resident in respect of an investment in a U.S. limited liability company treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is not entirely clear and is not specifically addressed in the Statement of Practice. It may however be inferred from the Statement of Practice and the usual practice of the French tax authorities that holders of Class A shares who are resident in France for tax purposes should not be taxable on a flow-through basis in relation to their investment ( i.e. , they should not recognize income upon its realization by Apollo). Such holders should be required to include distributions made by Apollo in their taxable income in respect of the taxable period during which those distributions are made.
The proportionate share of income realized by Apollo that is allocated to a French individual holder of Class A shares as part of his or her private assets would be subject to income tax at a progressive rate, together with social taxes of 12.1%.
Income distributed by Apollo to a holder that is an entity subject to French corporation tax should be included in that entitys taxable income, subject to corporation tax at the standard rate of 33.33% plus (subject to certain exemptions) a social contribution of 3.3% assessed on the amount of corporation tax after a deduction capped at 763,000 per twelve month period.
Although this is not expressly confirmed in the guidelines published by the French tax authorities, the U.S.-France Treaty provisions could, in principle, be construed as entitling French holders of Class A shares to (subject to certain requirements and limitations) a tax credit in France in respect of any withholding taxes paid in the United States, in accordance with the U.S.-France Treaty in respect of distributions made by Apollo. The tax credit for withholding tax in France needs to be cleared with the French tax authorities.
Taxation of Capital Gains or Losses. Capital gains resulting from the sale of Class A shares by an individual holding such shares as part of his or her private assets would be subject (from the first euro) to income tax at a rate of 18%, together with social taxes of 12.1% (resulting in an aggregate rate of 30.1%). However, if the total amount realized in respect of disposals of securities and other assimilated interests during the same calendar year within such individuals fiscal household is lower than a certain threshold revised each year (25,830 for 2010 income), such capital gains would be exempt from income tax but would remain subject to the 12.1% social taxes. Capital losses could be set off against capital gains of the same nature realized in the year of transfer or in the following ten years, it being noted that capital losses realized with respect to a year during which the above-mentioned threshold (25,830 for 2010 income) has not been reached could be set off against capital gains for social taxes purposes only (such capital losses could not be used or carried forward for income tax purposes).
A disposal of Class A shares by an entity subject to French corporation tax should give rise to a gain or loss included in that entitys taxable income, subject to corporate tax at the standard rate of 33.3% plus (subject to certain exemptions) a social contribution of 3.3% assessed on the amount of corporation tax after a deduction capped at 763,000 per twelve month period.
Wealth Tax. Class A shares held by individuals that are resident of France for tax purposes are in principle included in such holders taxable assets for wealth tax purposes.
Registration Duty. No French registration duty would be due on the issue or transfer of Class A shares, unless the transfer is effected by means of a written agreement executed in France.
Material German Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material German tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by persons resident in Germany. This summary is not meant to be a comprehensive and complete representation of all German tax considerations possibly relevant for German resident holders. This discussion is not directed to holders of Class A shares subject to special treatment under German income tax laws, such as credit institutions ( Kreditinstitute ), financial services institutions ( Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute ), financial enterprises ( Finanzunternehmen ) and insurance companies.
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The following discussion is based upon German tax law applicable as of the date of this prospectus and upon provisions of double taxation treaties entered into between the Federal Republic of Germany and other countries. In both areas, the law may change and such changes may have retroactive effect.
Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors about the tax consequences of the acquisition, holding and transfer of Class A shares. Only such tax advisors are in a position to take into account adequately the special tax situation of the individual holder.
Qualification of Apollo Global Management, LLC for German Tax Purposes
We intend to operate so that we will qualify to be treated for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a partnership. However, according to an interpretation letter on the qualification of US-LLCs for German tax purposes issued by the German Federal Ministry of Finance (BMF letter of 19 March 2004, IV B4 S1301 USA 22/04, BStBl. I 2004, page 411), such qualification is not binding for German tax purposes. Based on this interpretation letter, we believe that we qualify as a corporation for German tax purposes.
Taxation of Dividends
Class A shares held as private assets . Given that the company is assumed to be a corporation for German tax purposes, the income derived by German investors is regarded either as dividend income or as capital gain from the disposal of shares. German withholding tax is deducted on dividends only in cases where the Class A shares are held in custody or administered by a German financial institution, a German financial services institution (including the German branch of a foreign institution), a German securities trading company or a German securities trading bank (a Disbursing Agent).
The Disbursing Agent must withhold and remit to the respective German tax office a dividend withholding tax in the amount of 25% on any dividends it disburses to German resident holders of Class A shares, plus a solidarity surcharge of 5.5% thereon (in total 26.375%). The basis for the dividend withholding tax is the dividend approved for payment by the companys shareholders meeting.
The dividend withholding tax is typically considered a final flat tax. However, shareholders can apply to have their dividend income assessed in accordance with the general rules on determining an individuals tax bracket if this would result in a lower tax burden.
Shareholders are subject to income tax on their gross personal investment income less the savers allowance ( Sparer-Pauschbetrag ) of 801 (1,602 for married couples filing jointly). The deduction of income related expenses actually incurred is not allowed.
If the Class A shares are not held with a Disbursing Agent, the German tax resident individual is obliged to include the dividends paid on the Class A shares in its annual tax return (i.e., the ordinary assessment procedure is mandatory). Also, the dividend income will effectively be subject to the flat income tax rate of 25% plus a solidarity surcharge of 5.5% thereon (or, if applicable, the lower individual tax rate).
Class A shares held as business assets . When Class A shares are held as part of a shareholders business assets (including Class A shares attributable to a permanent establishment in Germany of a shareholder subject to limited tax liability), taxation of the dividends depends upon whether the shareholder is a corporation, sole proprietor or partnership. Irrespective of the shareholders legal form, dividends paid on the Class A shares are, however, not subject to German withholding tax.
Corporations. If the shareholder is a corporation domiciled in Germany, 95% of the dividend income is generally exempt from corporate income tax. Business expenses actually incurred that have a direct economic connection to the dividends are (subject to the general limitations on debt financing)
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deductible when determining the shareholders corporate income tax liability and, within certain limits, the trade tax liability. If the Class A shares are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained in Germany by the corporation, generally the full amount of the dividend income is subject to trade tax.
Sole proprietors. If a sole proprietor holds the Class A shares as business assets, 60% of the dividend income is subject to the progressive personal income tax, plus a 5.5% solidarity surcharge thereon. Sixty percent of any business expenses actually incurred that have an economic connection to the dividends can be deducted (subject to the general limitations on debt financing) from the income tax liability. If the Class A shares form part of the business assets of a permanent establishment maintained in Germany for a commercial enterprise the shareholder owns, generally the full amount of the dividend income (less business expenses with an economic connection to the dividend income) is subject to trade tax. The trade tax is generally credited as a lump sum against the shareholders personal income tax liability.
Partnerships. Generally, partnerships are considered transparent for purposes of determining personal and corporate income tax liability. Thus, the (corporate) income tax is not assessed at the level of the partnership, but rather at the level of the individual shareholder, and is undertaken, therefore, in accordance with the tax principles described above (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors). Trade tax, by contrast, is assessed at the level of the partnership, with consideration given to the trade tax rules applicable to the respective shareholders (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors).
Taxation of Capital Gains
Unless otherwise noted in this section, the statements made above under Taxation of Dividends apply accordingly to the taxation of capital gains.
Shares held as private assets . Withholding tax is deducted from capital gains only in cases where the Class A shares are held in custody or administered by a Disbursing Agent. To the extent the Class A shares are held in a custody account outside of Germany when sold, the ordinary assessment procedure for income tax purposes is mandatory. Gains on the sale of Class A shares are generally taxed as investment income and as such are subject to income tax at a uniform rate of 25% (plus 5.5% solidarity surcharge thereon). It is likely that capital losses resulting from the disposal of the Class A shares can only be deducted from capital gains on the disposal of shares. If the individual selling the Class A shares directly or indirectly held at least 1% of the companys capital at any time during the five years preceding the sale, only 60% of the gains from the sale of the Class A shares is taxable at the individuals personal income tax rate plus a 5.5% solidarity surcharge thereon. Correspondingly, 60% of capital losses on the sale of the Class A shares and of expenses economically connected to the sale is generally deductible.
Class A Shares held as business assets . No tax is withheld on capital gains that qualify as business income of a corporation, association or estate subject to unlimited tax liability in Germany or of a German establishment of a shareholder subject to limited or unlimited tax liability in Germany.
Corporations. Generally, capital gains earned on the sale of Class A shares by corporations are 95% exempt from corporate income tax and trade tax, irrespective of the stake represented by the Class A shares. Business expenses actually incurred that have a direct economic connection to the Class A shares sold are deductible (subject to the general limitations on debt financing) when determining the shareholders corporate income tax liability and, within certain limits, the trade tax liability. Losses from the sale of Class A shares are not deductible for corporate income tax or trade tax purposes.
Sole proprietors. Sixty-percent of the capital gains on the sale of Class A shares is subject to income tax and trade tax irrespective of the stake represented by the Class A shares. Correspondingly,
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60% of capital losses on the sale of the Class A shares is deductible for income and trade tax purposes. Shareholders can deduct 60% of the actually incurred business expenses with an economic connection to the capital gains (subject to the general limitations on debt financing) when determining their income tax liability and, within certain limits, their trade tax liability.
Partnerships. Personal income tax or corporate income tax on gains from the sale of the Class A shares is assessed at the level of each partner rather than at the level of the partnership and is undertaken, therefore, in accordance with the tax principles described above (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors). Trade tax, by contrast, is assessed at the level of the partnership, with consideration given to the trade tax rules applicable to the respective shareholders (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors).
Credit of Foreign Taxes
Persons who are residents in Germany may be subject to certain U.S. taxes (e.g., withholding taxes) as a result of an investment in Class A shares. Such taxes may be, subject to certain requirements and limitations, creditable against the German (corporate) income tax liability.
Other Taxes
No German transfer tax, value-added tax, stamp duty or similar taxes are assessed on the purchase, sale or other transfer of the Class A shares. Provided that certain requirements are met, business owners may, however, opt for the payment of value-added tax on transactions that are otherwise tax-exempt. No net wealth tax is currently imposed in Germany.
Material Hong Kong Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Hong Kong tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Hong Kong. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Hong Kong tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Hong Kong. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Hong Kong laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
Profits Tax on Our Profits, Distributions, or Disposition of Interest
No Profits Tax is imposed under Hong Kong law in respect of income generated from holding or disposing of Class A shares, unless all of the following factors are present: (i) the taxpayer carries on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong; (ii) such income is attributable to that trade, profession or business; (iii) such income is derived from or arises in Hong Kong; and (iv) in the case of dispositions, Class A shares were not a capital asset of that trade, profession or business.
If the above factors are present for a given holder, taxable gains would be subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax, which is currently imposed on companies at a rate of 16.5% and on other persons at a rate of 15%.
Gains from sales of trading stock would be considered to be derived from or arising in Hong Kong if the relevant purchase or sales contracts are negotiated and concluded in Hong Kong. However, as Class A shares are traded on the NYSE, such gains would generally be considered as sourced outside Hong Kong and hence not subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax.
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Tax Treaties
Except for a treaty on the avoidance of double taxation on shipping profits, Hong Kong is not party to any income tax treaty with the United States. The discussion above in Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations regarding the possibility of reduced rates of U.S. taxation due to a tax treaty with the United States is not relevant for Hong Kong residents.
Stamp Duty
A sale or purchase of Class A shares would be subject to Hong Kong Stamp Duty if a share register for such shares is maintained in Hong Kong. Because Class A shares will not have a share register maintained in Hong Kong, their transfer should not be subject to Hong Kong Stamp Duty.
Material Luxembourg Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Luxembourg tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders residing in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Luxembourg tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Luxembourg. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Luxembourg laws and regulations currently in force, as well as the treaty for avoidance of double taxation concluded between the United States of America and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on April 3, 1996, and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
Holders resident in Luxembourg must, for income tax purposes, include in their annual taxable income any income (dividends, capital gains, liquidation proceeds in excess of their cost base) received or accrued on their Class A shares. Luxembourg holders will not be subject to any Luxembourg income tax on the repayment of principal.
Status of the LLC
For the purpose of the material Luxembourg tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that Apollo Global Management, LLC will be considered to be a corporation under Luxembourg law under a substance over form approach. To qualify as a corporation under this approach, Apollo must be considered as taxed at a corporate tax rate corresponding to the Luxembourg corporate tax rate. Even if Apollo is not taxable itself in the United States, it could be considered to be a corporation if the taxes paid on the income it receives at the level of APO Asset Co., LLC and APO Corp. are comparable to the Luxembourg income tax in principle and in level. As long as the income from APO Asset Co., LLC does not exceed 2/3 of the total income received (assuming that the 1/3 of the income received from APO Corp. is taxed in the United States at a 35% rate), Apollo should under that approach be considered as corresponding to the Luxembourg income tax.
Alternatively, under a literal and more formalistic approach one would disregard the taxation at the lower level of the income flows received by Apollo and only consider its tax exempt status under U.S. tax laws. In addition, based on Luxembourg case law, foreign entities are classified as corporations or partnerships according to their legal status, regardless of the tax treatment in the country where they are established. Apollo will be considered to be a corporation provided that it has similar legal and economic characteristics to those of Luxembourg corporations. In that case, Apollo would fail to qualify as a corporation subject to taxation in the United States in a manner comparable to the Luxembourg corporations. Consequently, none of the provisions of the Luxembourg tax laws aiming at alleviating the economical double taxation would apply, subjecting all of the income derived from Apollo being fully taxable at the marginal tax rate of the Luxembourg investor. The below only analyzes the applicable tax treatment under the more favorable substance over form approach. Investors should carefully consider together with their counsel whether the substance over form approach might be applicable to them before making any investment decision.
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Taxation of Individual Luxembourg Holders
The below comments apply only in the case Apollo is treated as a corporation under Luxembourg tax law. In case Apollo would be treated as a tax transparent partnership, none of the below comments apply as the individual would be fully taxable on the profits realized by the partnership (even if not distributed).
Dividends. Dividend distributions received by a Luxembourg resident individual holder of Class A shares would be taxed at a progressive rate corresponding to the yearly income of such individual, with a maximum of 38% with a surcharge of 2.5% for employment fund. However, individual shareholders would benefit from an exemption of 50% of the amounts received if Apollo meets the exemption criteria necessary to be considered as taxed at a corporate tax rate corresponding to the Luxembourg corporate tax rate.
Any withholding tax levied by U.S. tax authorities will be creditable up to a maximum of 15% against the Luxembourg income tax due on all the U.S. taxable income received. No second tier or lower tier tax credit is available.
Capital Gains. If Class A shares are sold by a Luxembourg individual within six months after the shares acquisition, any gain realized upon the sale would be subject to tax at the rate corresponding to the yearly income of such individual.
If Class A shares are sold more than six months after the shares acquisition, the gain would be tax exempt if the individual, alone or with his spouse or partner and his minor children, has held at any time within the 5 years preceding the sale, a participation not exceeding 10% of the capital of Apollo. If the individual owns a participation in excess of 10% of the capital of Apollo, then the gain would be subject to tax at half of the normal tax rate corresponding to the yearly income of such individual. The first EUR 50,000 of long-term taxable gains (EUR 100,000 for spouses or partners taxed jointly) realized in a 11-year period are tax exempt.
Net Wealth Tax. Individuals are no longer subject to net wealth tax since January 2006.
Taxation of Luxembourg Entities
A Luxembourg resident holder subject to (i) the law of July 31, 1929 on pure holding companies or (ii) the law of December 20, 2002 on investment funds ( fonds dinvestissement ) or (iii) the law of February 13, 2007 on specialised investment funds ( fonds dinvestissement spécialisés ) or (iv) the law of May 11, 2007 on family estate holding companies ( sociétés de gestion de patrimoine familial ) would not be subject to any Luxembourg income tax in respect of income received or accrued on Class A shares or on gains realised on the sale or disposal of Class A shares.
Other Luxembourg tax resident entities will be subject to the following treatment:
Dividends. Dividends received by a Luxembourg entity could (i) be fully taxable at the global corporate tax rate ( i.e., 28.59% for entities residing in Luxembourg City), (ii) be exempt from tax if the recipient entity holds or undertakes to hold a participation of at least 10% or of an acquisition price of at least 1.2 million for an uninterrupted period of at least 12 months in an entity that is taxed at an income tax corresponding to the Luxembourg corporation tax (a Qualifying Participation) or (iii) benefit from a specific exemption under a treaty for the avoidance of double taxation.
Dividends received in respect of Class A shares should be tax exempt if (i) Apollo is considered as taxed at a rate corresponding to the Luxembourg corporate tax, (ii) the participation held is at least 10% and (iii) the shares have been held for an uninterrupted period of at least 12 months.
Any withholding tax levied by U.S. tax authorities will be creditable against the Luxembourg corporate tax due on all the U.S. taxable income received. No second tier or lower tier tax credit is available.
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Capital Gains. Any gain realized by a Luxembourg resident entity on the sale of Class A shares should be taxed at the global corporate tax rate ( i.e. , 28.59% for entities residing in Luxembourg City). Gains realized on the sale of a Qualifying Participation should be tax exempt, but in this case the minimum acquisition price threshold would be 6 million.
Net Wealth Tax. Luxembourg companies are subject to the annual net wealth tax (the NWT), which is assessed at the rate of 0.5% on the fair market value of a companys net assets as of January 1st of each year.
However, a Luxembourg entity would be exempt from NWT on Class A shares under the conditions of the Qualifying Participation (without regard to the 12 month holding period).
Material Mexican Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Mexican tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Mexico. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Mexican tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Mexico. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Mexican laws currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
For the purpose of the material Mexican tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that Mexican taxpayers are (i) individuals with their dwelling located within Mexican territory or, if they have another dwelling located abroad, individuals whose center of vital interests is located within Mexico and (ii) entities with the principal administration of their business or effective place of management located within Mexican territory.
The material Mexican tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares described herein would not be different by virtue of being held through a nominee or deposited or kept by a third party (i.e., DTC).
Acquisition of Class A Shares
General Tax Regime. Under the Mexican Income Tax Law (MITL), an individual taxpayer is liable for tax when acquiring shares for a purchase price that is 10% or more below market value.
In the above-mentioned case, the taxable gain is the difference between market value and purchase price.
Entities that purchase shares must consider the effective purchase price as part of the shares tax basis when they determine future capital gains on the disposal of the shares.
Equity interests are treated as shares for all income tax purposes.
Income from transfers of shares or equity is exempted under the Business Flat Rate Tax Law effective as of January 1st 2008. The Business Flat Rate Tax is a complementary tax of the Income Tax.
Investment in Preferential Tax Regimes. Income considered to be obtained from a preferential tax regime is deemed to be received when it is accrued even if it is not already distributed to the Mexican taxpayer as dividends or profits. For such purposes, income is considered to be obtained in proportion to the average per diem direct or indirect participation owned by the Mexican taxpayer.
Investments in preferential tax regimes must be reported annually. Delay in filing the report for more than three months is a criminal offense. Income from such investments may not be commingled with any other income.
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Under the MITL, income from entities or structures that are transparent for tax purposes is considered as originated in a preferential tax regime.
An entity or structure is considered to be transparent for tax purposes if it is not considered as an income tax taxpayer in the jurisdiction in which it was incorporated or where it has its principal administration or effective place of management, and the income generated by it is attributable (for income tax purposes) to its members, partners or beneficiaries.
According to the administrative rules in effect as of January 1st 2008, income from transparent entities or structures shall not be considered as income from preferential tax regimes if the taxpayers participation in the transparent entity or structure is insufficient to give such taxpayer effective control (directly or through a nominee) over distributions of income or the administration of such entity or structure. This is also applicable to investments made through transparent entities or structures.
Administrative rules may be amended or eliminated by the authorities at any time.
For such case the administrative rules provide that income is accruable when the transparent structure or entity distributes it to the taxpayer.
If Apollo Global Management, LLC is treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, an investment in Class A shares would be subject to the provisions for income derived from preferential tax regimes unless acquiror demonstrates that it does not hold effective control on Apollo Global Management, LLC or its administration.
The MITL assumes that a Mexican taxpayer has effective control over an investment in a preferential tax regime, so such taxpayer must provide evidence of its ownership percentage in the entity or structure and such taxpayers lack of such control.
According to the rule, if such lack of control is proved, the taxpayer shall not be obligated to file the annual preferential tax regimes report for such investment.
Dividends and Capital Redemptions
General Regime
Taxation of Mexican Entities . Dividends paid by a foreign entity to a taxpayer entity are taxable and are accrued for income tax purposes to determine monthly provisional payments and the annual tax. The taxpayer is entitled to credit the provisional tax payments paid during the tax year against the annual tax.
Income realized by a taxpayer in relation to the capital reduction or liquidation of a foreign entity in which the taxpayer is a partner or shareholder must be accrued as a capital gain. The taxable gain is determined by subtracting the acquisition cost of the shares from the proceeds derived from the capital reduction.
Taxation of Mexican Individuals . Dividends paid by a foreign entity to an individual taxpayer are taxable. If the taxpayer receives dividends regularly, such taxpayer must file monthly tax returns and pay the applicable tax at a progressive rate up to a maximum of 30%.
For income realized by an individual taxpayer in relation to a capital reduction or liquidation of an entity, taxable gain is the amount redeemed per share less the updated acquisition cost per share.
A taxpayer is entitled to a credit against annual income tax for monthly provisional payments made by such taxpayer in such tax year.
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Income from Preferential Tax Regimes. There is no tax payable at the time of a dividend in relation to an investment in a preferential tax regime, including through transparent entities or structures, since the applicable tax was already paid at the time of accrual.
For any income realized in relation to the liquidation or capital reduction of an entity, trust, joint venture, investment fund or any similar structure incorporated or formed under foreign law, a taxpayer must determine taxable income by applying the capital reductions rules for Mexican entities. Such taxpayer must maintain a capital contributions account that is increased by capital contributions and net premiums for capital subscriptions and decreased by capital reductions reimbursed to such taxpayer. Specific rules govern the extent to which capital reductions are treated as distributions of profit.
Tax Credit on Dividends and Capital Reductions Paid from Abroad. Mexican resident individuals and entities are entitled to credit foreign income tax paid in relation to income realized from a source located abroad against the Mexican income tax, provided that such income is taxable under the MITL.
Additionally, corporate tax paid abroad by a non-resident entity paying dividends or profits directly or indirectly to a Mexican taxpayer entity may be credited in proportion to the Mexican taxpayers ownership, subject to certain ownership thresholds and other rules. In such case, the Mexican taxpayer must consider as tax base the dividend or profit received and the income tax paid abroad related to that dividend or profit.
Credits claimed by a Mexican taxpayer are subject to certain limitations and other rules.
Transfer of Shares
Capital Gains for Entities. Gain derived from the transfer of shares is included in the determination of provisional payments and annual income tax. Gain is calculated by subtracting the average price paid for the shares by the transferor (tax basis) from the purchase price paid by the acquiror. The general corporate rate (30%) is applicable to such gain.
The average price paid for shares issued by a non-resident entity is the proven price paid less any reimbursement derived from capital reductions.
For a transfer of shares issued by an entity subject to the preferential tax regimes regulations, gain may be determined according to the rules applicable to a transfer of shares issued by a Mexican entity. These rules require specific calculations and vary depending on the period in which the Mexican company owned the shares.
Deduction of losses incurred in the transfer of stock is limited by the MITL, and some formal requirements must be met in order to take the corresponding deduction.
Capital Gains for Individuals. Individuals must make a provisional payment of 20% of the consideration received for the shares.
If shares are transferred to another Mexican taxpayer, the acquiror must withhold the tax and pay it to the Mexican tax authorities. If the shares are transferred to a non-Mexican, the Mexican transferor must pay the tax directly.
The tax payment may be reduced by complying with certain requirements and filing an auditors report in connection with the calculation of the tax. This releases the acquiror from the withholding obligation.
Individuals transferring shares governed by the provisions of preferential tax regimes may determine the corresponding capital gain by applying the tax basis rules for shares issued by Mexican companies.
Exemptions. Income realized by Mexican individuals in relation to the transfer of stock issued by a foreign entity listed in a Mexican stock house authorized under the Mexican Law of Securities Markets is exempt as long
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as holders or group of interest does not own directly or indirectly 10% or more of the shares of the entity. In case of equity derivatives referred to shares listed in a Mexican Stock house authorized under the Mexican Law of Securities Market, an exemption applies to income realized by individuals provided certain requirements are satisfied.
Tax Credit on Transfer of Shares. The use of credits by a Mexican entity or individual in connection with income tax paid abroad is subject to certain limitations and other rules.
Material Singapore Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Singapore tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by persons resident in Singapore. This summary is based on the tax laws of Singapore as currently applied by the Singapore courts and on published practice of the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) as of the date of this prospectus. This summary does not purport to be a complete discussion of all Singapore tax considerations that may be relevant to holders of Class A shares. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor.
Prospective holders who are resident or may otherwise be subject to tax in Singapore should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the Singapore income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares, as well as eligibility for any reduced withholding benefits.
Income Tax
In General. Singapore imposes income tax on income accruing in or derived from Singapore (sourced in Singapore) and income received in Singapore from outside Singapore (remitted to Singapore).
Foreign sourced income is considered received or deemed received in Singapore whether or not the source from which the income is derived has ceased if it is: (i) remitted to, transmitted to or brought into Singapore; (ii) applied in or towards satisfaction of any debt incurred in respect of a trade or business carried on in Singapore; or (iii) applied to the purchase of any movable property which is brought into Singapore.
Foreign-sourced income not remitted to Singapore is generally not subject to Singapore income tax.
Foreign-sourced income received by an individual resident in Singapore is tax exempt (unless such income is received through a partnership registered in Singapore). Foreign-sourced dividend income, branch profits and service income received by a person (other than an individual) resident in Singapore may be tax exempt subject to satisfaction of certain conditions.
An individual is considered resident in Singapore in any year if he resides in Singapore (except for such temporary absences therefrom as may be reasonable and not inconsistent with a claim by such person to be resident in Singapore) or if he is physically present or is employed (other than as a director of a company) in Singapore for 183 days or more in the particular year. A company or body of persons is considered resident in Singapore in any year if the control and management of its business is exercised in Singapore.
The current corporate tax rate in Singapore is 17%. Singapore resident individuals are subject to tax based on progressive rates, currently ranging from 0% to 20%.
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares
There is no regime in Singapore that provides for a limited liability company to be taxed as a partnership.
Where a limited liability company established in the United States (LLC) (which is not resident in Singapore and neither carries on any business operations or activities nor has any office or any form of
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permanent establishment in Singapore) qualifies to be taxed as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, the IRAS presently does not have any published or official position as to whether distributions made by such LLC would be treated for Singapore income tax purposes either as dividend income arising from the holding of shares in such LLC or as partnership distributions. Accordingly, both characterizations are set forth below.
Tax Treatment of Foreign-sourced Dividend Income Received by any Singapore-resident Person
If distributions by us are deemed to be foreign-sourced dividend income, then such income would generally not be subject to Singapore income tax if not remitted to or received in Singapore.
Foreign-sourced dividend income remitted to or received by an individual resident in Singapore is tax exempt (unless such income is remitted or received through a partnership registered in Singapore).
Foreign-sourced dividend income remitted to or received by a person (other than an individual) resident in Singapore is prima facie entitled to tax exemption if such dividend is subject to tax in the jurisdiction from which the dividend is paid and the highest corporate tax rate of such jurisdiction at the time of remittance is at least 15%.
Tax Treatment of Distributions from Foreign Partnership Sourced Outside Singapore
If distributions by us are deemed to be distributions paid by a foreign partnership the following would apply:
As a general rule, a partnership is not a taxable legal entity and partnership income is allocated to each partner in accordance with the partners respective interest in the partnership and taxed solely at the hands of the respective partner level.
Whether any portion of a partners allocated partnership income is subject to tax in Singapore depends on (i) the source of such income ( i.e., whether the income is sourced in Singapore or foreign-sourced), (ii) the character of such income ( i.e., whether the income consists of dividends, interest, trading income, etc.) and (iii) the form of legal entity of the partner ( i.e., whether it is a corporation, an individual or any other form of legal entity).
Partnership distributions consisting of foreign-sourced income are not subject to Singapore income tax if not remitted to or received in Singapore.
In the case of an individual partner resident in Singapore, all partnership distributions consisting of foreign-sourced income are tax exempt even if remitted to or received in Singapore by such individual (provided that such foreign-sourced income is not remitted or received through a partnership registered in Singapore).
In the case of a partner (other than an individual) resident in Singapore, partnership distributions consisting of, inter alia, foreign-sourced interest income and trading income/sale proceeds are potentially subject to Singapore income tax if remitted to or received in Singapore, whereas partnership distributions consisting of foreign-sourced dividend income are prima facie entitled to tax exemption if such dividend is subject to tax in the jurisdiction from which the dividend is paid and the highest corporate tax rate of such jurisdiction at the time of remittance is at least 15%.
The tax treatment of foreign partnership distributions is currently under review by the IRAS and the tax treatment set forth above may change.
Tax Credit
Singapore does not have a comprehensive double tax treaty with the United States. However, Singapore domestic income tax legislation provides for unilateral tax credits to be given to Singapore residents in respect of
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remittances of offshore income derived from prescribed foreign countries with which Singapore does not have a double tax treaty (non-treaty country). The United States is such a non-treaty country. Where Singapore tax is payable on the remittance of any type of income, including dividends, the resident taxpayer may be entitled to claim unilateral tax credits subject to the fulfillment of certain conditions. The amount of tax credit given is restricted to the tax charged on the same income in Singapore or the actual foreign tax paid, whichever is less. Any excess credit will be disregarded and can not be set off against Singapore tax payable on other income or carried forward for future set-off.
If a resident taxpayer holds at least 25% of the total number of issued shares of the foreign dividend paying company, the tax credit shall take into account any foreign tax paid by such company in such foreign jurisdiction in which the company is resident in respect of its income out of which the dividend is paid.
Unilateral tax credit is not available to any non-resident person.
Taxation on Disposal of Class A Shares
Singapore does not impose capital gains tax. Hence, gains arising from disposal of assets that are held as capital assets for long term investment purposes will not be subject to Singapore income tax.
However, gains derived from the disposal of the Class A shares may be regarded as income and subject to Singapore income tax if they arise from or are otherwise connected with the activities of a trade or business carried on in Singapore. Such gains may also be considered income and subject to Singapore income tax even if they do not arise from an activity in the ordinary course of trade or business or an ordinary incident of some other business activity if the holders of such Class A shares have the intention or purpose to make a profit at the time of acquisition and the Class A shares are not intended to be held as long term capital investments.
Foreign sourced gains derived from the disposal of shares and which are revenue in nature, may also be subject to Singapore income tax if they are remitted or deemed remitted to Singapore by persons (other than an individual) in Singapore.
Stamp Duty
Singapore stamp duty is not payable on the subscription of the Class A shares by any holder resident in Singapore.
If a register of the Class A shares is kept in Singapore and an instrument of transfer is executed in respect of such shares, stamp duty may be payable on such instrument at the rate of 0.2%, based on the higher of the consideration or market value of the shares.
Goods and Services Tax (GST)
The subscription of shares by and the sale of shares to Singapore investors are not subject to GST in Singapore.
Material Spanish Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Spanish tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Spain. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Spanish tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Spain. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Spanish laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective Spanish holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
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For the purpose of the material Spanish tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that a prospective holder of Class A shares will hold, either directly or indirectly, less than 5% of the share capital in Apollo, and that such holder is not subject to any special tax regime in relation to Class A shares, such as the Spanish Holding Companies (Entidades de Tenencia de Valores Extranjeros) regime. Also, in the case of Spanish corporate holders (Corporate Holders), it is assumed that the financial year of Corporate Holders has started after 31 December 2009.
Income Tax
The Spanish income tax treatment applicable to Spanish resident holders of Class A shares depends upon Apollos characterization for Spanish tax purposes. In this respect, Apollo could be characterized legally as either (i) a corporation or (ii) a foreign entity with a similar or analogous nature to that of a Spanish pass-through entity (Entidad en Regimen de Atribución de Rentas).
In the following paragraphs, both of the above mentioned possible characterizations of Apollo will be considered because Apollos tax characterization for Spanish tax purposes is unclear. This lack of clarity is caused by the absence of (i) specific provisions of law regarding the legal characteristics that a foreign entity must have to be characterized as a pass-through entity for Spanish tax purposes; (ii) interpretations by the tax administration as to whether the nature of a U.S. limited liability company is similar, in all circumstances, to that of a pass-through for Spanish tax purposes; and (iii) clear guidance as to whether the tax treatment in a foreign entitys state of incorporation would prevail over its legal classification under Spanish law the entity for Spanish tax purposes.
Characterization of Apollo as a CorporationDividend Taxation. If Class A shares are characterized as shares in a corporation for Spanish tax purposes, profits distributed on Class A shares received by Spanish tax residents would be subject to the following regime:
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Dividends paid by us to Corporate Holders and duly recognized for accounting purposes in the P&L account will form part of the aggregate taxable income of such holders, subject to corporate income tax (CIT) currently at a 30% rate. |
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If dividends paid by us to Corporate Holders are subject to U.S. withholding tax, such Corporate Holders would be allowed to deduct from their annual CIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to CIT or to Spanish NonResident Income Tax (NRIT) ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Double Tax Treaty (the U.S.-Spain Treaty) or (ii) the amount of tax which would have been payable had such income been realized in Spain. |
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If the dividends are paid through a Spanish paying agent, such agent must withhold from such dividend payments an 19% withholding tax as prepayment of the Spanish Corporate Holders final CIT liability. |
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Dividends paid by a non-resident company, such as Apollo, to Spanish tax resident individuals holding Class A shares (Individual Holders) would be subject to Individual Income Tax (IIT) at a rate of 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). The first 1,500 of any dividends received annually may be exempt under certain circumstances. |
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If dividends paid by us to Individual Holders are subject to U.S. withholding tax, such Individual Holder would be allowed to deduct from his or her annual IIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to IIT or to NRIT ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Treaty; or (ii) the result of applying the Spanish effective average tax rate to the portion of the net tax base taxed abroad. |
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If the dividends are paid through a Spanish paying agent, such agent must withhold from such dividend payments an 19% withholding tax as prepayment of the Spanish Individual Holders final IIT liability. |
Characterization of Apollo as a CorporationCapital Gain Taxation. If Class A shares are characterized as shares in a corporation for Spanish tax purposes, capital gains derived from Class A shares would be subject to the following regime:
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Capital gains realized by a Corporate Holder upon holding or disposing of Class A shares will be regarded as taxable income on an accrual basis based on the income recognized in its P&L account adjusted in accordance with the rules contained in the CIT Law and, therefore, subject to CIT and taxed at the ordinary CIT 30% rate. |
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If the capital gains are subject to U.S. withholding tax, the Corporate Holder would be allowed to deduct from its annual CIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to CIT or to NRIT ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Treaty or (ii) the amount of tax which would have been payable had such income had been realized in Spain. |
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Capital losses incurred by the Corporate Holder in relation to Class A shares based on the loss recognized in its P&L account adjusted in accordance with the rules contained in the CIT Law would be deductible for CIT purposes. |
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Disposal of Class A shares by an Individual Holder may give rise to a taxable capital gain or a tax deductible capital loss to be included in such Individual Holders IIT taxable income. |
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Such gain or loss shall be calculated by reference to the difference between the transfer value of Class A shares, as established under IIT Law, and their acquisition value. |
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Capital gains obtained by an Individual Holder upon disposal of Class A shares will be taxed at a rate of 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). |
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Capital losses may be offset against capital gains arising in the same taxable year. Outstanding capital losses can be carried forward and offset against capital gains arising in the same part of the taxable income base during the following four years. |
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If the capital gains are subject to U.S. withholding tax, the Individual Holder would be allowed to deduct from its IIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to IIT or to NRIT ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Treaty or (ii) the result of applying the Spanish effective average tax rate to the portion of the net tax base taxed abroad. |
Characterization of Apollo as a Foreign Pass-Through Entity (Entidad en Regimen de Atribución de Rentas). If Apollo is characterized as a foreign pass-trough entity for Spanish tax purposes, Spanish holders of Class A shares would be treated as follows:
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Any items of income or capital gains realized by Apollo would be allocated to Spanish holders of Class A shares in proportion to such holders interests in Apollo, even if such holders have not received any distributions. Therefore, the amount of the taxable income of Spanish holders of Class A shares may exceed the cash distributions. In particular (i) cash distributions made by Apollo would not be taxable to Spanish holders of Class A shares; and (ii) in the case of Corporate Holders, amounts which may be recognized in the P&L account as a result of a change in value of the Class A shares should not |
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be included in the CIT taxable income; in both cases, to the extent that such amounts (the cash distributions or the changes in value, respectively) correspond to allocated income. |
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The characterization of the items of income and capital gains realized by Apollo would be maintained upon allocation to Spanish holders of Class A shares. Determination of the taxable income to be allocated to Spanish holders of Class A shares would generally be made according to the IIT rules, regardless of whether such holders are individuals or corporations. |
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The tax rate applicable to income and capital gain allocated to Corporate Holders would be 30%, while the tax rate applicable to income allocated to Individual Holders would depend on the nature of the income allocated. If the income allocated to Individual Holders qualifies as dividend, interest or capital gain income, the applicable tax rate would be 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). |
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If the income or capital gain allocated to Spanish holders of Class A shares is subject to withholding tax outside of Spain, such holders would be allowed to deduct this withholding tax from their Spanish income tax liability, subject to the terms and restrictions set forth in the above paragraphs regarding Corporate Holders and Individual Holders. |
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Disposal of Class A shares by Spanish holders may give rise to taxable capital gain or tax-deductible capital loss to be included in such holders taxable income, in accordance with the rules established under CIT Law (in the case of Corporate Holders) or under IIT Law (in the case of Individual Holders). |
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In the case of Corporate Holders, we believe that the capital gains should be calculated by reference to the difference between the transfer value and the acquisition value of Class A shares, and that for these purposes the acquisition value of transferred Class A shares should be increased by the amount of the previous undistributed income allocations during the transferring holders holding period that are allocable to such transferred Class A shares, although this is an unclear issue which is not expressly stated in the law. Capital gains realized by Corporate Holders would be taxed at a flat rate of 30%. Capital losses would be deductible in accordance with the rules established under CIT Law. |
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In the case of Individual Holders, such gain or loss would be calculated by reference to the difference between the transfer value and the acquisition value of Class A shares. For these purposes, we also believe that the acquisition value of transferred Class A shares should be increased by the amount of the previous undistributed income allocations during the transferring holders holding period that are allocable to such transferred Class A shares, although this is not expressly stated in the law. Capital gains realized by Individual Holders would be taxed at a rate of 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). Capital losses would be deductible in accordance with the rules established under IIT Law. |
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If the capital gain realized upon the disposal of Class A shares is subject to withholding tax outside of Spain, Spanish holders would be allowed to deduct this withholding tax from their Spanish income tax liability, subject to the terms and restrictions set forth in the above paragraphs regarding Corporate Holders and Individual Holders. |
Prospective holders of Class A shares should be aware of the risk that, for Spanish tax purposes, the Spanish tax authorities could disregard Apollo and any of the companies, partnerships or entities in which Apollo owns an interest, and could try to allocate to Spanish holders of Class A shares any income or capital gain obtained by such a lower-tier entity before such entity makes distributions to Apollo if (i) the lower-tier entity is characterized as a foreign pass-through entity for Spanish tax purposes and (ii) the interest in the lower-tier entity is held by Apollo directly or through another lower-tier entity which is also deemed a foreign pass-through entity for Spanish tax purposes.
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Transfer Tax, Stamp Duty and Capital Duty
Transfers of Class A shares will be exempt from any Spanish Transfer Tax or Value Added Tax. Additionally, no Stamp Duty will be levied on such transfers.
Material Swiss Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Swiss tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Switzerland. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Swiss tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Switzerland. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Swiss laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of the Class A shares.
In General
Under Swiss tax regulations, an investment in a U.S. limited liability company, such as Apollo, is typically treated as an investment in a company (rather than in a partnership). This is the case without regard to whether a U.S. election is made to treat the limited liability company as a partnership for U.S. tax purposes. However, according to guidelines issued on March 5, 2009 by the Swiss federal tax administration, investments in companies such as Apollo may, from a Swiss tax perspective, be treated in a similar manner as an investment in Swiss collective investment schemes.
In light of the above, Swiss resident holders of Class A shares will be treated in the following manner for Swiss tax purposes:
Income Tax
In General. Capital gains realized by a Swiss resident upon disposal of Class A shares and dividends distributed to our Class A shareholders would be treated differently depending on the qualification of the Swiss resident holder of Class A shares as a private or business investor.
Private Investors. Swiss resident investors who do not qualify as so-called professional securities dealers (commerçants professionnels de titres) and who hold Class A shares as part of their private (as opposed to business) assets are hereby defined as Private Investors.
Capital gains realized upon disposal of Class A shares by a Private Investor is generally treated as tax exempt capital gain. Such exemption would, however, not be available if the Class A shares are redeemed by the company or its affiliates in order to cancel them for at least the amount corresponding to the share of accumulated ordinary income as opposed to the accumulated capital gains.
Business Investors. Swiss resident individuals holding Class A shares as part of their business assets as well as Swiss resident legal entities would be liable to income or profit taxes on the gain realized upon disposal of the Class A shares as well as on income generated by distributions to our Class A shareholders. For capital gains, the difference between book value and market value would be included in the taxable income or profits and taxed as such.
Foreign Tax Credit. Persons who are residents in Switzerland may be subject to certain U.S. taxes (e.g., withholding taxes) as a result of an investment in Class A shares. Such taxes may be, subject to certain requirements (such as the securing of a partial relief from U.S. taxes under the U.S. Switzerland double tax treaty) and limitations, creditable against the Swiss income tax liability.
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Cantonal Wealth Tax
Class A shares held by Swiss resident individuals are included in the taxable net wealth and are subject to Cantonal/Communal wealth taxes.
Swiss Transfer Stamp Duty
The issuance of Class A shares will be subject to a Swiss Transfer stamp duty (at the current rate of 0.3%) if a Swiss securities dealer is involved in the transaction either as a party to the transaction or as an intermediary. The notion of Swiss securities dealer is very broad and encompasses Swiss and Liechtenstein banks, securities brokers, and even companies holding in their books taxable securities for an amount exceeding CHF 10 million.
The purchase or sale of Class A shares is subject to a Swiss transfer stamp duty at the current rate of 0.30% if a Swiss securities dealer is involved in the transaction either as a party to the transaction or as an intermediary. Certain exceptions apply.
If the securities dealer is a party to the transaction it will have to settle half of the stamp duty for itself and the other half for the counterparty to the extent that the latter does not qualify as a securities dealer or as an exempt investor ( e.g. , Swiss or foreign investment schemes). If the bank acts as an intermediary, it will be liable for half of the stamp duty for each party to the transaction that does qualify as a securities dealer or an exempt investor.
Material United Kingdom Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material United Kingdom (UK) tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in the UK for UK tax purposes (UK holders). This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all UK tax considerations that may be relevant to a UK holder. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on UK laws and the published practices of HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
The following summary applies only to holders who are the beneficial owners of Class A shares and hold such shares for investment purposes, and may not apply to dealers in shares, insurance companies, trustees, collective investment schemes or tax-exempt entities.
General
For UK tax purposes, assuming HMRC maintains its current practice, we should be treated as a company and not as a partnership or other tax transparent entity. Accordingly, UK holders of Class A shares would not generally be subject to UK tax in respect of income or gains that we accrue, or be entitled to relief in respect of losses or expenses that we realize, incur or suffer. Instead, UK holders would be subject to UK tax on distributions which we make to them, which would generally be treated as dividends for UK tax purposes.
Taxes that we or holders of Class A shares incur in respect of income or gains that we accrue may in most cases be regarded for UK double taxation relief purposes as underlying tax. Therefore, except in relation to a UK company holding 10% or more of our voting power, no credit would be available against UK taxation on distributions by us, under UK national tax law or under any double tax arrangements, for any taxes that we or holders of Class A shares pay in respect of the income, profits or gains out of which we pay such distributions. Any withholding tax levied in respect of such distributions, however, would generally be creditable.
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Taxation of Distributions
An individual UK holder who is liable to UK income tax at no more than the basic rate would be liable to income tax on the distributions at the dividend ordinary rate (10% in 2010 and 2011). An individual UK holder who is liable to UK income tax at the higher rate would be subject to income tax on the dividend income at the dividend upper rate (32.5% in 2010 and 2011). However, individual UK holders should be entitled to a UK tax credit of 1/9 of the dividend income which would reduce the effective rate of tax on gross dividend distributions to 25% for higher rate taxpayers and eliminating the tax liabilities for basic rate taxpayers. From April 6, 2010 the UK Government has proposed the introduction of a new dividend rate of tax of 42.5% for individuals who are liable to UK tax with taxable earnings in excess of £150,000. For these individuals the UK tax credit will reduce the effective rate of tax on gross distributions to 36.1%.
An individual holder who is resident in the UK but is not ordinarily resident, or is not domiciled, in the UK and who has made an election for the remittance basis of taxation in the UK for the relevant tax year would generally be subject to UK income tax on distributions received in that tax year to the extent that sums are remitted in the UK in respect of those distributions. Remittance is interpreted broadly and is extended further under certain anti-avoidance legislation.
Corporate holders of Class A shares within the charge to UK corporation tax should generally expect to be exempt from United Kingdom taxation in respect of distributions that we pay on Class A shares where such shares are held for investment purposes.
Taxation of Chargeable Gains
A disposal of Class A shares by a holder who is either resident or, in the case of an individual, ordinarily resident for UK tax purposes in the UK, may, depending on the holders circumstances, give rise to a chargeable gain or an allowable loss (including by reference to changes in the U.S. dollar/UK sterling exchange rate) for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains (subject to any available exemptions or relief). A holder who is an individual and who has ceased to be resident or ordinarily resident for UK tax purposes in the UK for a period of less than five years, and who disposes of Class A shares during that period, may, depending on certain further conditions relating to tax years prior to the tax year of his departure, be liable on his return to UK taxation of chargeable gains (subject to any available exemptions or relief).
For a holder within the charge to UK corporation tax, the corporation tax rate will apply to any chargeable gains (28% for large companies in 2010 and 2011), although an indexation allowance on the cost apportioned to Class A shares should be available to reduce the amount of any chargeable gain realized on a subsequent disposal. An individual holder will be subject to tax on any chargeable gain at the capital gains tax rate (18% for 2010 and 2011) and may also be entitled to set all or part of his gains against his annual capital gains exemption.
UK Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)
As long as no register of our members or of the holders of any class of our shares is kept in the UK by us or on our behalf, the following position in respect of UK transfer taxes would apply. No UK stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax (SDRT) would be payable in respect of the issue of Class A shares or any certificate representing Class A shares. Transfers of Class A shares or of interest in Class A shares under the system operated by DTC would not be subject to UK SDRT. Stamp duty would also not be payable on a transfer of Class A shares or of interests in Class A shares under the system operated by DTC provided that the instrument of transfer is not executed in the UK nor relates to any property situate, or any matter or thing done or to be done, in the UK. No UK stamp duty or SDRT would be payable in respect of the issue of Class A shares to Euroclear or Clearstream or on the transfer of Class A shares within Euroclear or Clearstream.
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Other UK Tax Considerations
Individual holders ordinarily resident in the UK should be aware of the provisions of Chapter 2 of Part 13 of the Income Tax Act 2007 (ITA). These anti-avoidance provisions deal with the transfer of assets to overseas persons in circumstances which may render such individuals liable to taxation in respect of our undistributed profits. More generally, individual holders should also be aware of the provisions of Chapter 1 of Part 13 of the ITA and the corresponding provisions applicable to holders within the charge to UK corporation tax in sections 703-709 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 that give powers to HM Revenue and Customs to cancel tax advantages derived from certain transactions in securities.
Companies resident in the UK should be aware of the fact that the controlled foreign companies provisions contained in sections 747-756 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 could be material to any company so resident that holds alone, or together with certain other associated persons, 25%, or more of the Class A shares, if at the same time we are controlled by companies or any other persons who are resident in the UK for taxation purposes. Persons who may be treated as associated with each other for these purposes include two or more companies one of which controls the other(s) or all of which are under common control. The effect of such provisions could be to render such companies liable to UK corporation tax in respect of our undistributed income profits.
UK resident or ordinarily resident (and if an individual, resident or ordinarily resident and not taxed in the UK on a remittance basis) holders should be aware of the provisions of section 13 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 under which, in certain circumstances where we would, if UK resident, be a close company, a portion of capital gains realized by us can be attributed to an investor who, alone or together with associated persons, has more than a 10% interest in us.
Material Venezuelan Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Venezuelan tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Venezuela. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Venezuelan tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Venezuela. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Venezuelan laws currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change (change in the tax law cannot be applied retroactively. Under the Venezuelan Constitution and the Master Tax Code, any change in the income tax law must be applied only to the fiscal year that follows the date when law is enacted). Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
For the purpose of the material Venezuelan tax consequences described herein, we assume that, according to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law, tax residents in Venezuela are: (i) Venezuelan citizens; (ii) individuals who are present in Venezuela for more than 183 days in a tax period or during a former tax period; (iii) companies incorporated or domiciled in Venezuela; (iv) companies that have a permanent establishment ( e.g., fixed place of business, office, branch, workshop, factory or natural resource extraction site) in Venezuela.
We also assume that, according to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law, any income derived from Class A shares shall be regarded as income from a foreign (Non-Venezuelan) source for Venezuelan tax purposes.
The treaty to avoid double taxation executed between the United States and Venezuela (the U.S.Venezuela Treaty) would be applicable to any income (dividends/interest), received by Venezuelan tax residents in respect of an investment in Class A shares.
The U.S.Venezuela Treaty establishes that dividends paid from the United States to a Venezuelan tax resident are subject to income tax in Venezuela. Hence, the Venezuelan income tax rules for dividends would apply to dividends paid by us on Class A shares. According to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law dividends received from abroad are subject to income tax at a 34% proportional rate on the gross amount of such dividend.
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The U.S.Venezuela Treaty also establishes that such dividends may be subject to tax in the United States, but that such U.S. tax must not exceed 15% of the gross amount of the dividends. According to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law, the aforementioned tax paid in the United States on dividend income may be credited to the tax payable in Venezuela on the same dividend income.
According to Venezuelan Income Tax Law, interests from Class A shares are subject to tax in Venezuela. The taxable base of such tax will be the net profit of the interests. The applicable tax rate imposed on such profit would vary depending on whether the investor is an individual or a corporate entity as follows:
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For individuals, the following progressive rates would apply depending on the amount of the profit: |
Taxable Income (in Tax Units) (1) |
Tax Rate | ||
Up to 2,000 |
15.00 | % | |
Over 2,000 up to 3,000 |
22.00 | ||
Over 3,000 |
34.00 |
(1) | 1 Tax Unit 2008 = Bs. F 46 (approx. US $21.40). |
1 Tax Unit 2009 = Bs. F 55 (approx. US $25.58). |
1 Tax Unit 2010 = Bs. F 65 (approx. US $15.12). |
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For corporate entities, the following progressive rates would apply depending on the amount of the profit: |
Taxable Income (in Tax Units) |
Tax Rate | ||
Up to 2,000 |
15.00 | % | |
Over 2,000 up to 3,000 |
22.00 | ||
Over 3,000 |
34.00 |
Interests derived from Class A shares may also be subject to tax in the United States according to the U.S.Venezuela Treaty. However, such tax must not exceed a 10% rate over the gross amount of the interest earned. Under Venezuelan Income Tax Law, such tax paid in the U.S. for interests may be credited against the Venezuelan tax on income and is not limited to the tax payable in Venezuela with respect to the same interests all subject to the tax credit rules established under the Venezuelan Income Tax Law.
Under the U.S.Venezuela Treaty, capital gain realized on the transfer of Class A shares would only be taxable in Venezuela. Such gain would be treated as ordinary income and, therefore, the same taxable base and the same rates as for interests will apply to individuals and corporate entities.
Any loss realized in connection with an investment in Class A shares could only be allocated to income derived from a foreign (Non-Venezuelan) source.
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We are registering the Class A shares covered by this prospectus to permit the selling shareholders to conduct public secondary trading of these shares from time to time after the date of this prospectus. Under the registration rights agreement covering the Class A shares held by the selling shareholders, we agreed to, among other things, bear all expenses, other than brokers or underwriters discounts and commissions, in connection with the registration and sale of the Class A shares covered by this prospectus. We will not receive any of the proceeds of the sale of the Class A shares offered by this prospectus. The aggregate proceeds to the selling shareholders from the sale of the Class A shares will be the purchase price of the Class A shares less any discounts and commissions. Each selling shareholder reserves the right to accept and, together with their respective agents, to reject, any proposed purchases of Class A shares to be made directly or through agents. If any successor to the selling shareholders named in this prospectus wishes to sell under this prospectus, the company will file a prospectus supplement identifying such successors as selling shareholders.
The Class A shares offered by this prospectus may be sold from time to time to purchasers:
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directly by the selling shareholders and their successors, which includes their donees, pledges or transferees or their successors-in-interest, or |
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through underwriters, broker-dealers or agents, who may receive compensation in the form of discounts, commissions or agents commissions from the selling shareholders or the purchasers of the Class A shares. These discounts, concessions, or commissions may be in excess of those customary in the types of transaction involved. |
The selling shareholders and any underwriters, broker-dealers or agents who participate in the sale or distribution of the Class A shares may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act. The selling shareholders identified as registered broker-dealers in the selling shareholders table above (see Selling Shareholders) are deemed to be underwriters. As a result, any profits on the sale of the Class A shares by such selling shareholders and any discounts, commissions or agents commissions or concessions received by any such broker-dealer or agents may be deemed to be underwriting discounts and commissions under the Securities Act. Selling shareholders who are deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of Section 2(11) of the Securities Act will be subject to the prospectus delivery requirements of the Securities Act. Underwriters are subject to certain statutory liabilities, including, but not limited to, Sections 11, 12 and 17 of the Securities Act.
The Class A shares may be sold in one or more transactions at:
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fixed prices; |
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prevailing market prices at the time of sale; |
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prices related to such prevailing market prices; |
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varying prices determined at the time of sale; or |
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negotiated prices. |
These sales may be effected in one or more transactions:
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on any national securities exchange or quotation on which the Class A shares may be listed or quoted at the time of sale |
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in the over-the-counter market; |
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in transactions on such exchanges or services or in the over-the-counter market; |
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through the writing of options (including the issuance by the selling shareholders of derivative securities), whether the options or such other derivative securities are listed on an options exchange or otherwise; |
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through the settlement of short sales; or |
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through any combination of the foregoing. |
These transactions may include block transactions or crosses. Crosses are transactions in which the same broker acts as an agent on both sides of the trade. In connection with the sales of the Class A shares, the selling shareholders may enter into hedging transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions that in turn may:
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engage in short sales of the Class A shares in the course of hedging their positions; |
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sell the Class A shares short and deliver the Class A shares to close out short positions; |
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loan or pledge the Class A shares to broker-dealers or other financial institutions that in turn may sell the Class A shares; |
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enter into option or other transactions with broker-dealers or other financial institutions that require the delivery to the broker-dealer or other financial institution of the Class A shares, which the broker-dealer or other financial institution may resell under the prospectus; or |
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enter into transactions in which a broker-dealer makes purchases as a principal for resale for its own account or through other types of transactions. |
To our knowledge, there are currently no plans, arrangements or understandings between any selling shareholders and any underwriter, broker-dealer or agent regarding the sale of the Class A shares by the selling shareholders.
Pursuant to a requirement by the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), the maximum commission or discount to be received by any FINRA member or independent broker-dealer may not be greater than 8% of the gross proceeds received by the selling shareholders for the sale of any Class A shares being offered by this prospectus.
We intend to apply to list the Class A shares on the NYSE under the symbol . The listing is subject to approval of our application. We can give no assurances as to the development of liquidity or trading market for the Class A shares.
There can be no assurance that any selling shareholder will sell any or all of the Class A shares under this prospectus. Further, we cannot assure you that any such selling shareholder will not transfer, devise or gift the Class A shares by other means not described in this prospectus. In addition, any Class A shares covered by this prospectus that qualifies for sale under Rule 144 or Rule 144A of the Securities Act may be sold under Rule 144 or Rule 144A rather than under this prospectus. The Class A shares covered by this prospectus may also be sold to non-U.S. persons outside the U.S. in accordance with Regulation S under the Securities Act rather than under this prospectus. The Class A shares may be sold in some states only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers. In addition, in some states the Class A shares may not be sold unless it has been registered or qualified for sale or an exemption from registration or qualification is available and complied with.
The selling shareholders and any other person participating in the sale of the Class A shares will be subject to the Exchange Act. The Exchange Act rules include, without limitation, Regulation M, which may limit the timing of purchases and sales of any of the Class A shares by the selling shareholders and any other person. In addition, Regulation M may restrict the ability of any person engaged in the distribution of the Class A shares to engage in market-making activities with respect to the particular Class A shares being distributed. This may affect the marketability of the Class A shares and the ability of any person or entity to engage in market-making activities with respect to the Class A shares.
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We have agreed to indemnify the selling shareholders against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
We have agreed to pay substantially all of the expenses incidental to the registration, offering and sale of the Class A shares to the public, including the payment of federal securities law and state blue sky registration fees, except that we will not bear any underwriting discounts or commissions or transfer taxes relating to the sale of Class A shares.
The Class A shares will be sold only through registered or licensed brokers or dealers if required under applicable state securities laws. In addition, in certain states, the Class A shares may not be sold unless they have been registered or qualified for sale in the applicable state or an exemption from the registration or qualification requirements is available and complied with.
359
The validity of the Class A shares being offered hereby will be passed upon for us by OMelveny & Myers LLP, New York, New York. OMelveny & Myers LLP has provided a tax opinion in connection with the Class A shares being offered hereby.
The consolidated and combined financial statements of Apollo Global Management, LLC as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, included in this prospectus have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein (which report expresses an unqualified opinion on the consolidated and combined financial statements and includes an explanatory paragraph related to the adjustments made to retrospectively apply guidance for non-controlling interests issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board). Such financial statements have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the Class A shares offered in this prospectus. This prospectus, filed as part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules, portions of which have been omitted as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information about us and the Class A shares, we refer you to the registration statement and to its exhibits and schedules. Statements in this prospectus about the contents of any contract, agreement or other document are not necessarily complete and, in each instance, we refer you to the copy of such contract, agreement or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.
Anyone may inspect the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules without charge at the public reference facilities the SEC maintains at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain copies of all or any part of these materials from the SEC upon the payment of certain fees prescribed by the SEC. You may obtain further information about the operation of the SECs Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also inspect these reports and other information without charge at the website maintained by the SEC. The address of this website is http://www.sec.gov.
Upon effectiveness of the registration statement, we will become subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and will be required to file reports and other information with the SEC. You will be able to inspect and copy these reports and other information at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at the address noted above. You also will be able to obtain copies of this material from the Public Reference Room as described above, or inspect them without charge at the SECs website. We intend to furnish our shareholders with annual reports containing consolidated financial statements audited by our independent registered public accounting firm. We maintain a website at www.agm.com . Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and you should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our Class A shares.
360
I NDEX TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page | ||
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 |
F-2 | |
F-3 | ||
F-4 | ||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 |
F-5 | |
F-8 | ||
Audited Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements |
||
F-60 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 |
F-61 | |
F-62 | ||
F-63 | ||
F-65 | ||
F-68 |
F-1
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (UNAUDITED)
JUNE 30, 2010 AND DECEMBER 31, 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
June 30,
2010 (Unaudited) |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 436,152 | $ | 366,226 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at Consolidated Funds |
47,351 | | ||||||
Restricted cash |
6,460 | 6,818 | ||||||
Investments |
1,630,877 | 1,554,155 | ||||||
Assets of consolidated variable interest entities |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
86,271 | | ||||||
Investments, at fair value |
1,374,367 | | ||||||
Other assets |
43,775 | |||||||
Carried interest receivable |
384,695 | 483,854 | ||||||
Due from affiliates |
144,580 | 133,678 | ||||||
Fixed assets, net |
63,703 | 67,794 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
630,738 | 644,395 | ||||||
Other assets |
13,485 | 11,329 | ||||||
Goodwill |
48,894 | 47,897 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
62,700 | 69,051 | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 33,095 | $ | 35,944 | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
65,728 | 30,388 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
271,315 | 321,424 | ||||||
Due to affiliates |
543,546 | 548,593 | ||||||
Profit sharing payable |
143,275 | 174,536 | ||||||
Debt |
933,031 | 933,834 | ||||||
Liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities |
||||||||
Debt, at fair value |
1,006,548 | | ||||||
Other liabilities |
89,995 | | ||||||
Other liabilities |
30,690 | 41,368 | ||||||
Total Liabilities |
3,117,223 | 2,086,087 | ||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (see note 13) |
||||||||
Shareholders Equity: |
||||||||
Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Class A shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 96,346,032 and 95,624,541 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively |
| | ||||||
Class B shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 1 share issued and outstanding at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 |
| | ||||||
Additional paid in capital |
1,906,281 | 1,729,593 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(2,166,138 | ) | (2,029,541 | ) | ||||
Appropriated partners deficit |
(3,584 | ) | | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(2,483 | ) | (4,088 | ) | ||||
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
(265,924 | ) | (304,036 | ) | ||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
1,791,362 | 1,283,262 | ||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
331,387 | 319,884 | ||||||
Total Shareholders Equity |
1,856,825 | 1,299,110 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | ||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-2
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | 55,045 | 92,998 | |||||||||||
Total Revenues |
79,280 | 141,709 | 302,874 | 298,434 | ||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
313,997 | 342,646 | 688,874 | 684,216 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | ||||||||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 22,404 | 14,383 | ||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 31,503 | 22,788 | ||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
362,110 | 390,957 | 790,600 | 776,725 | ||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
(11,005 | ) | 279,666 | 100,716 | 113,068 | |||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(19,432 | ) | | (265 | ) | | ||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | ||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(1,712 | ) | 32,572 | 6,168 | 23,134 | |||||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 662 | 701 | ||||||||||||
Other income, net |
25,264 | 23,218 | 21,906 | 39,151 | ||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(6,585 | ) | 371,942 | 129,187 | 212,247 | |||||||||||
(Loss) income before income tax provision |
(289,415 | ) | 122,694 | (358,539 | ) | (266,044 | ) | |||||||||
Income tax provision |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | ||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(302,142 | ) | 121,749 | (375,321 | ) | (273,160 | ) | |||||||||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | (107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | |||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | ||||||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | ||||
Dividends Declared per Class A Share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.05 | ||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A Share: |
||||||||||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A ShareBasic and Diluted |
$ | (0.79 | ) | $ | (0.39 | ) | $ | (1.42 | ) | $ | (1.18 | ) | ||||
Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares Basic and Diluted |
96,346,032 | 95,624,541 | 96,065,452 | 96,011,763 | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Apollo Global Management, LLC Shareholders |
Apollo Global
Management, LLC Total Shareholders Deficit |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Consolidated Entities |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Total
Shareholders Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Class A
Shares |
Class B
Shares |
Additional
Paid In Capital |
Accumulated
Deficit |
Appropriated
Partners Deficit |
Accumulated
Other Compre- hensive (Loss) Income |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2009 |
97,324,541 | 1 | $ | 1,384,143 | $ | (1,874,365 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,836 | ) | $ | (497,058 | ) | $ | 822,843 | $ | | $ | 325,785 | ||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 177,695 | | | | 177,695 | | 369,011 | 546,706 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | | | | (6,922 | ) | | (6,922 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (4,866 | ) | | | | (4,866 | ) | | (12,000 | ) | (16,866 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | (4,572 | ) | | | | (4,572 | ) | 4,273 | | (299 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contribution |
| | (102 | ) | | | | (102 | ) | 3,162 | | 3,060 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated entities |
| | (3,943 | ) | | | | (3,943 | ) | 3,943 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
| | 6,762 | | | | 6,762 | | | 6,762 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
(1,700,000 | ) | | (3,485 | ) | | | | (3,485 | ) | | | (3,485 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive (loss) income: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (113,554 | ) | | | (113,554 | ) | 117,161 | (276,767 | ) | (273,160 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $1,035 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | | 1,387 | 1,387 | | 6,028 | 7,415 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (113,554 | ) | | 1,387 | (112,167 | ) | 117,161 | (270,739 | ) | (265,745 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2009 |
95,624,541 | 1 | $ | 1,551,632 | $ | (1,987,919 | ) | $ | | $ | (5,449 | ) | $ | (441,736 | ) | $ | 944,460 | $ | 86,272 | $ | 588,996 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
95,624,541 | 1 | $ | 1,729,593 | $ | (2,029,541 | ) | $ | | $ | (4,088 | ) | $ | (304,036 | ) | $ | 1,283,262 | $ | 319,884 | $ | 1,299,110 | ||||||||||||||||
Transition adjustments relating to consolidation of variable interest entity |
| | | | | | | 411,885 | | 411,885 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 182,898 | | | | 182,898 | | 368,966 | 551,864 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of AAA shares |
| | | | | | | (740 | ) | | (740 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | | | | | | 15 | | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | | | | (11,527 | ) | | (11,527 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (7,704 | ) | | | | (7,704 | ) | (6,602 | ) | (16,800 | ) | (31,106 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions related to deliveries of Class A shares for RSUs |
721,491 | | | (773 | ) | | | (773 | ) | | | (773 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | | 57 | | 57 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | | (18 | ) | | | (18 | ) | (575 | ) | | (593 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (4,605 | ) | | | | (4,605 | ) | 4,605 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
| | 6,099 | | | | 6,099 | | | 6,099 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss (income): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (135,806 | ) | (3,584 | ) | | (139,390 | ) | 110,982 | (346,913 | ) | (375,321 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income on available-for-sale securities (from equity method investment) |
| | | | | 123 | 123 | | | 123 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $1,021 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | | 1,482 | 1,482 | | 6,250 | 7,732 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (135,806 | ) | (3,584 | ) | 1,605 | (137,785 | ) | 110,982 | (340,663 | ) | (367,466 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
96,346,032 | 1 | $ | 1,906,281 | $ | (2,166,138 | ) | $ | (3,584 | ) | $ | (2,483 | ) | $ | (265,924 | ) | $ | 1,791,362 | $ | 331,387 | $ | 1,856,825 | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (375,321 | ) | $ | (273,160 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Equity-based compensation |
553,606 | 549,508 | ||||||
Depreciation |
5,795 | 5,772 | ||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
6,351 | 6,326 | ||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
28 | 14 | ||||||
Income from equity method investments |
(6,168 | ) | (23,134 | ) | ||||
Waived management fees |
(14,631 | ) | (17,969 | ) | ||||
Non-cash compensation related to waived management fees |
14,631 | 17,969 | ||||||
Deferred taxes, net |
12,550 | 3,156 | ||||||
Loss related to general partner commitments |
| 9,739 | ||||||
Loss on disposal of assets |
| 5 | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| (36,193 | ) | |||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Carried interest receivable |
99,159 | (34,280 | ) | |||||
Due from affiliates |
(11,226 | ) | (18,613 | ) | ||||
Other assets |
(2,110 | ) | 18,865 | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(3,801 | ) | (10,542 | ) | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
39,698 | 9,761 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
(50,109 | ) | (43,157 | ) | ||||
Due to affiliates |
(4,850 | ) | 12,694 | |||||
Profit sharing payable |
(31,261 | ) | 16,073 | |||||
Other liabilities |
(600 | ) | 1,128 | |||||
Apollo Funds related: |
||||||||
Net realized (gains) losses from investment activities |
(186 | ) | 213 | |||||
Net realized gains on debt |
(1,679 | ) | | |||||
Net unrealized gains from investment activities |
(85,569 | ) | (123,020 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized losses on debt |
339 | | ||||||
Dividends from investment activities |
16,991 | | ||||||
Cash transferred in from Metals Trading Fund |
38,033 | | ||||||
Change in cash held at consolidated variable interest entities |
(86,271 | ) | | |||||
Purchases of investments |
(371,583 | ) | | |||||
Sales of investments |
82,972 | 4,441 | ||||||
Change in other assets |
(14,986 | ) | | |||||
Change in other liabilities |
77,006 | | ||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |
(113,192 | ) | 75,596 | |||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
||||||||
Purchases of fixed assets |
(2,169 | ) | (12,665 | ) | ||||
Business acquisition |
(1,354 | ) | | |||||
Cash contributions to equity method investments |
(42,023 | ) | (9,640 | ) | ||||
Cash distributions from equity method investments |
17,676 | 8,635 | ||||||
Change in restricted cash |
358 | (21,091 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (27,512 | ) | $ | (34,761 | ) | ||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-5
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Principal repayments on debt |
$ | (803 | ) | $ | (607 | ) | ||
Repurchase of debt |
| (54,521 | ) | |||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
| (3,485 | ) | |||||
Distributions related to deliveries of Class A shares for RSUs |
(773 | ) | | |||||
Distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(11,527 | ) | (6,922 | ) | ||||
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
15 | | ||||||
Dividends paid |
(7,704 | ) | (4,866 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(16,800 | ) |
|
(12,000
|
)
|
|||
Apollo Funds related: |
||||||||
Issuance of debt |
320,154 | | ||||||
Repayment of term loans |
(17,239 | ) | ||||||
Purchase of AAA shares |
(740 | ) | | |||||
Dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(6,602 | ) | | |||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
257,981 | (82,401 | ) | |||||
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents |
117,277 | (41,566 | ) | |||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period |
366,226 | 381,367 | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period |
$ | 483,503 | $ | 339,801 | ||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |
||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 22,540 | $ | 26,763 | ||||
Interest paid by consolidated variable interest entities |
4,330 | | ||||||
Income taxes paid |
4,539 | 2,435 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing Activities : |
||||||||
Change in accrual for purchase of fixed assets |
749 | 4,495 | ||||||
Non-cash disposal of fixed assets |
| 405 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Financing Activities : |
||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
(18 | ) | (4,572 | ) | ||||
Non-cash distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(575 | ) | 4,273 | |||||
Non-cash contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group for equity-based compensation |
368,966 | 369,011 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
6,250 | 6,028 | ||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
(6,099 | ) | (6,762 | ) | ||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
4,605 | | ||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to AGM |
(4,605 | ) | | |||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps |
2,503 | 2,423 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities |
123 | | ||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
182,898 | 177,695 | ||||||
Net transfers to and from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| 3,943 | ||||||
Non-cash contribution |
| 102 | ||||||
Non-cash contribution from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
57 | 3,162 | ||||||
Deferred tax asset related to interest rate swaps |
(1,021 | ) | (1,036 | ) |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-6
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
|||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||
Net Assets Transferred from Metals Trading Fund: |
|||||
Cash |
38,033 | | |||
Other assets |
443 | | |||
Net Assets Transferred from Variable Interest Entities: |
|||||
Investments |
1,102,114 | | |||
Other assets |
28,789 | | |||
Debt |
(706,027 | ) | | ||
Other liabilities |
(12,991 | ) | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-7
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Apollo Global Management, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries (the Company or Apollo), is a global alternative asset manager whose predecessor was founded in 1990. Its primary business is to raise, invest and manage private equity, capital markets and real estate funds on behalf of pension and endowment funds, as well as other institutional and high net worth individual investors. For these investment and management services, Apollo receives management fees generally related to the amount of assets managed, transaction and advisory fees for the investments made and carried interest income related to the performance of the respective funds that it manages. Apollo has three primary business segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed debt securities; and |
|
Real estate primarily invests in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. The Company may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. The condensed consolidated financial statements, including these notes, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in annual financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that any related estimates made are reasonable and prudent. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated and combined financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Reorganization of the Company
The Company was formed as a Delaware limited liability company on July 3, 2007 and completed a reorganization of its predecessor businesses on July 13, 2007 (the Reorganization). The Company is managed and operated by its manager, AGM Management, LLC, which in turn is wholly owned and controlled by Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan (the Managing Partners).
As of June 30, 2010, the Company owned, through three intermediate holding companies that include APO Corp. (APO Corp), a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, APO Asset Co., LLC (APO Asset), a Delaware limited liability company that is a disregarded entity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and APO (FC), LLC (APO (FC)), an Anguilla limited liability company that is treated as a corporation for U.S Federal income tax purpose (collectively, the Intermediate Holding Companies), 28.6% of the economic interests of, and operated and controlled all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group as general partners.
AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (Holdings), is the entity through which its Managing Partners and other contributing partners (the Contributing Partners) hold Apollo
F-8
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Operating Group Units (AOG Units) that represent 71.4% of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group as of June 30, 2010. The Company consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as a Non-Controlling Interest in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
Apollo also entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings that allows the partners in Holdings, subject to the vesting and minimum retained ownership requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group, to exchange their AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares on a one-for-one basis up to four times each year, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for splits, unit distributions and reclassifications. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the ten Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share.
In April 2010, the Company began to consolidate Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. The Company consolidates Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. as the Company is the sole investor in the master and feeder fund structure of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. and the Apollo Commodities Trading Fund, L.P., respectively. There were no net open investment positions at June 30, 2010. Additionally, subsequent to June 30, 2010 the Company made a strategic decision to wind down the activities of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P.
Business Acquisition
On February 1, 2010, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of a limited company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong and related entities thereto. The Company paid cash consideration of $1.4 million for identifiable assets with a combined fair value of $0.4 million, which resulted in $1.0 million of additional goodwill.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Accounting The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (the Codification) as the source of authoritative accounting principles in the preparation of financial statements.
Principles of Consolidation Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or through other means, including those funds in which the general partner is presumed to have control over them. Apollo also consolidates entities that are variable interest entities (VIEs) for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary. Under the amended consolidation rules, an enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entitys business and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
Certain of our subsidiaries hold equity interests in and/or receive fees qualifying as variable interests from the funds that the Company manages. The amended consolidation rules require an analysis to (a) determine whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Where the VIEs have qualified for the deferral of the amended consolidation rules as discussed in Recent Accounting
F-9
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Pronouncements, the analysis is based on previous consolidation rules, which require an analysis to (a) determine whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity.
Under both guidelines, the determination of whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE requires judgments which include determining whether the equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, evaluating whether the equity holders, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity, determining whether two or more parties equity interests should be aggregated, and determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive returns from an entity. Under both guidelines, Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively. However, if it is not readily apparent that Apollo is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative expected losses and expected residual returns calculation will be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, affiliates of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Apollo fund may affect an entitys status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.
At each reporting date, Apollo assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate the entity accordingly. Performance of that assessment requires the exercise of judgment. Where the variable interests have qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in estimating cash flows in evaluating which member within the equity group absorbs a majority of the expected profits or losses of the VIE. Where the variable interests have not qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in determining whether a member in the equity group has a controlling financial interest including power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance and rights to receive benefits or obligations to absorb losses that are potentially significant to the VIE. Under both guidelines, judgment is made in evaluating the nature of relationships and activities of the parties involved in determining which party within a related-party group is most closely associated with a VIE. The use of these judgments has a material impact to certain components of Apollos condensed consolidated financial statements.
Upon adoption of the amended consolidation guidance on January 1, 2010, the Company determined that it was the primary beneficiary of one VIE and recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated entities equal to the difference between the fair value of the VIE assets and liabilities. Assets and liability amounts of consolidated VIEs are shown in separate sections within the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition as of June 30, 2010. Changes in the fair value of the consolidated VIE assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income and expenses subsequent to consolidation are presented within net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities and are attributable to Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated entities in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. In addition, the Company also consolidated an additional VIE upon its formation during the second quarter of 2010, whose gains or losses are recorded within appropriated partners deficit.
Refer to additional disclosures regarding VIEs in note 4. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Non-Controlling Interest For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than Apollo. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by the Company is included in Non-Controlling Interest in the
F-10
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
condensed consolidated financial statements. Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Non-Controlling Interest relating to Apollo Global Management, LLC primarily includes the 71.4% (after March 2010 delivery of Class A shares in respect of certain vested RSUs) ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group held by the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their partnership interests in Holdings, other ownership interests in consolidated entities, which primarily consists of the approximate 97% ownership interest held by limited partners in AAA and effective January 1, 2010, limited partner interests of Apollo managed funds in a consolidated VIE.
The authoritative guidance for Non-Controlling Interest in condensed consolidated financial statements requires reporting entities to present Non-Controlling (minority) Interests as equity and provides guidance on the accounting for transactions between an entity and Non-Controlling Interests. According to the guidance, (1) Non-Controlling Interest is presented as a separate component of shareholders equity on the Companys condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, (2) net loss includes the net loss attributed to the Non-Controlling Interest holders on the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interest are separately presented in the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and other ownership interests in the consolidated entities and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Held at Consolidated Funds Cash held at Consolidated Funds is not available to fund general liquidity needs of Apollo.
Investments, at Fair Value The Company follows U.S. GAAP attributable to fair value measurements, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. Investments, at fair value, represent investments in consolidated funds and investments of the consolidated VIEs with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value reflected as net gains (losses) from investment activities in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
Level I Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The type of investments included in Level I include listed equities and listed derivatives. As required by U.S. GAAP, the Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where the Company holds a large position and the sale of such position would likely deviate from the quoted price.
Level II Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments that are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs.
Level III Pricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Investments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partner interests in corporate private equity and real estate funds, mezzanine funds, funds of hedge funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and collateralized debt obligations where the fair value is based on observable inputs as well as unobservable inputs.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investments level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of
F-11
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Companys assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment when the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.
Private Equity Investments
The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic) is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the last sales price on the date of determination.
Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of investments that are less liquid include the income approach and the market approach. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology used in the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are assumptions of expected results and a calculated discount rate. The market approach provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry. The market approach is driven more by current market conditions of actual trading levels of similar companies and actual transaction data of similar companies. Consideration may also be given to such factors as the Companys historical and projected financial data, valuations given to comparable companies, the size and scope of the Companys operations, the Companys strengths, weaknesses, expectations relating to the markets receptivity to an offering of the Companys securities, applicable restrictions on transfer, industry information and assumptions, general economic and market conditions and other factors deemed relevant. As part of managements process, the Company utilizes a valuation committee to review and approve the valuations. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
Capital Markets Investments
The majority of the investments in Apollos capital markets funds are valued using quoted market prices. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. The capital markets funds also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of this period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the credit default contract and the original contract price.
Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. When determining fair value pricing when no market value exists, the value attributed to an investment is based on the enterprise value at the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid investments included in Apollos capital markets funds also may use the income approach or market approach. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks.
F-12
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
U.S. GAAP guidance requires the disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
Except for the Companys debt obligation related to the AMH Credit Agreement (as defined in note 9), Apollos financial instruments are recorded at fair value or at amounts whose carrying value approximates fair value. See Investments, at Fair Value above. While Apollos valuations of portfolio investments are based on assumptions that Apollo believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the actual realized gains or losses will depend on, among other factors, future operating results, the value of the assets and market conditions at the time of disposition, any related transaction costs and the timing and manner of sale, all of which may ultimately differ significantly from the assumptions on which the valuations were based. Other financial instruments carrying values generally approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments or variable interest rates related to the borrowings. As disclosed in note 9, the Companys long term debt obligation related to the AMH Credit Agreement is believed to have an estimated fair value of approximately $835.9 million based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. However, the carrying value that is recorded on the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition is the amount for which we expect to settle the long term debt obligation.
Fair Value Option Apollo has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of the consolidated VIEs. Such election is irrevocable and is applied to financial instruments on an individual basis at initial recognition. Apollo has applied the fair value option for certain corporate loans, other investments and debt obligations held by these entities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value. Refer to note 4 for further disclosure on financial instruments of the consolidated VIEs for which the fair value option has been elected.
Valuation of Financial Instruments held by Consolidated VIEs
The consolidated VIEs hold investments that are traded over-the-counter. Investments in securities that are traded on a securities exchange or comparable over-the-counter quotation systems are valued based on the last reported sale price at that date. If no sales of such investments are reported on such date, and in the case of over-the-counter securities or other investments for which the last sale date is not available, valuations are based on independent market quotations obtained from market participants, recognized pricing services or other sources deemed relevant, and the prices are based on the average of the bid and ask prices, or at ascertainable prices at the close of business on such day. Market quotations are generally based on valuation pricing models or market transactions of similar securities adjusted for security-specific factors such as relative capital structure priority and interest and yield risks, among other factors.
The consolidated VIEs also have debt obligations that are recorded at fair value. The valuation approach used to estimate the fair values of debt obligations is the discounted cash flow method which includes consideration of the cash flows of the debt obligation based on projected quarterly interest payments and quarterly amortization. Debt obligations are discounted based on the appropriate yield curve given the loans respective maturity and credit rating. Management uses its discretion and judgment in considering and appraising relevant factors for determining the valuations of its debt obligations.
Other Investments The Companys investments in the funds that it manages and are not consolidated, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, whereby the Company records its share of the underlying
F-13
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
income or loss of such funds as income (loss) from equity method investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The funds that the Company manages are, for U.S. GAAP purposes, investment companies and therefore apply specialized accounting principles and reflect their underlying investments at estimated fair value.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets must be reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. Identifiable finite- life intangible assets, by contrast, are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which are periodically re-evaluated for impairment or when circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred. Apollo amortizes its identifiable finite-life intangible assets using the straight-line method. At June 30, 2010, the Company performed its annual impairment testing and determined there was no impairment of goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets at such time.
Use of Estimates The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Apollos most significant estimates include goodwill, intangible assets, income taxes, carried interest income from affiliates, non-cash compensation and fair value of investments and debt in the consolidated and unconsolidated funds. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On January 1, 2010, the Company adopted amended consolidation guidance issued by FASB on issues related to VIEs. The amended guidance significantly affects the overall consolidation analysis, changing the approach taken by companies in identifying which entities are VIEs and in determining which party is the primary beneficiary. The amended guidance requires continuous assessment of the reporting entitys involvement with such VIEs. The amended guidance also enhances the disclosure requirements for a reporting entitys involvement with VIEs, including presentation on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition of assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs that meet the separate presentation criteria and disclosure of assets and liabilities recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and the maximum exposure to loss for those VIEs in which a reporting entity is determined to not be the primary beneficiary but in which it has a variable interest. The guidance provides a limited scope deferral for a reporting entitys interest in an entity that meets all of the following conditions: (a) the entity has all the attributes of an investment company as defined under AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , or does not have all the attributes of an investment company but is an entity for which it is acceptable based on industry practice to apply measurement principles that are consistent with the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , (b) the reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity and (c) the entity is not a securitization entity (i.e., VIE entity), asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special-purpose entity. The reporting entity is required to perform a consolidation analysis for entities that qualify for the deferral in accordance with previously issued guidance on variable interest entities. Apollos involvement with the funds it manages is such that all three of the above conditions are met with the exception of certain vehicles which fail condition (c) above. As previously mentioned, the incremental impact of adopting the amended consolidation guidance resulted in the consolidation of one VIE as of January 1, 2010. The Company also consolidated an additional VIE upon its formation during the second quarter of 2010. Further disclosures related to Apollos involvement with VIEs are presented in note 4.
F-14
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
In January 2010, the FASB issued guidance on improving disclosures about fair value measurements. The guidance requires additional disclosure on transfers in and out of Levels I and II fair value measurements in the fair value hierarchy and the reasons for such transfers. In addition, for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level III), the reconciliation of beginning and ending balances must be presented on a gross basis, with separate disclosure of gross purchases, sales, issuances and settlements and transfers in and transfers out of Level III. The new guidance also requires enhanced disclosures on the fair value hierarchy to disaggregate disclosures by each class of assets and liabilities. In addition, an entity is required to provide further disclosures
on valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for fair value measurements that fall in either Level II or Level III. Except for the Level III reconciliation disclosures, this guidance became effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2010. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements. The Level III reconciliation disclosures are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements.
3. INVESTMENTS
The following table represents Apollos investments:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Investments, at fair value |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | ||
Other investments |
219,596 | 189,182 | ||||
Total Investments |
$ | 1,630,877 | $ | 1,554,155 | ||
Investments at Fair Value
Investments at fair value consist of financial instruments held by AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA), Apollo Commodities Trading Fund, L.P. (the Commodities Trading Fund) and consolidated VIEs as discussed further in note 4. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the net assets of the consolidated funds and VIEs were $1,867.8 million and $1,364.6 million, respectively. The following investments are presented as a percentage of net assets of the consolidated funds:
Investments, at Fair
|
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value | Cost |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
Fair Value | Cost |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AAA |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | | $ | 1,737,337 | 75.6 | % | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | | $ | 1,753,985 | 97.1 | % | |||||||||||
Commodities Trading Fund |
| (1) | | (1) | | (1) | | % | | 40,034 | 40,000 | 2.9 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total Investments |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | | $ | 1,737,337 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 40,034 | $ | 1,793,985 | |||||||||||||||
(1) |
Refer to note 1 for a discussion regarding consolidation of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
F-15
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Securities
At June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the sole investment of AAA was its investment in AAA Investments, L.P. (AAA Investments). The following tables represent each investment of AAA Investments constituting more than five percent of the net assets of the consolidated funds as of the aforementioned dates:
June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost | Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 124,761 | $ | 164,184 | 8.8 | % | ||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 146,131 | 143,898 | 7.7 | |||||||
Apollo Life Re Ltd. |
Equity | 98,002 | 135,900 | 7.3 | |||||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 118,209 | 116,140 | 6.2 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment Inc. |
Equity | 177,778 | 113,000 | 6.0 |
December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost | Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 144,111 | $ | 184,575 | 13.5 | % | ||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 164,813 | 158,597 | 11.6 | |||||||
AP Investment Europe Limited |
Investment Fund | 339,488 | 135,473 | 9.9 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. |
Equity | 165,625 | 126,000 | 9.2 | |||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 103,081 | 111,152 | 8.1 | |||||||
Apollo Life Re Ltd. |
Equity | 98,002 | 87,900 | 6.4 | |||||||
AP Charter Holdings, L.P. |
Equity | 45,107 | 82,955 | 6.1 | |||||||
Rexnord Corporation |
Equity | 37,461 | 82,700 | 6.1 |
In addition to AAA Investments private equity co-investment in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. (Harrahs), as shown in the tables above, AAA Investments has an ownership interest in LeverageSource, L.P., which owns Harrahs debt. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is valued at $116.5 million at June 30, 2010 and $129.4 million at December 31, 2009, respectively. AAA Investments also owns equity, as a private equity co-investment, and debt, through its investment in Autumnleaf, L.P. and Apollo Fund VI BC, L.P. in CEVA Logistics. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is greater than 5% of net assets of consolidated funds and is valued at $87.3 million at June 30, 2010 and $97.8 million at December 31, 2009, respectively. AAA Investments also owns equity, as a private equity co-investment, and debt, in Momentive Performance Materials Holdings Inc. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is greater than 5% of net assets of consolidated funds and is valued at $71.6 million at June 30, 2010.
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. primarily invests in the securities of leveraged companies in North America and Europe through three core strategies: distressed investments, value-driven investments and special opportunities. In connection with the redemptions requested by AAA Investments of its investment in Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd., the remainder of AAA Investments investment in Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. was converted into liquidating shares issued by Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of Apollo Strategic Value
F-16
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Offshore Fund, Ltd.s existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred by Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd.
AP Investment Europe Limited (Apollo Investment Europe) invests in mezzanine, debt and equity investments of both public and private companies primarily located in Europe. The fund generates current income and capital appreciation through its flexible investment strategy, which is intended to capture opportunities across the capital structure. Due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, Apollo Investment Europes investment performance was adversely impacted, and on July 10, 2009, the companys shareholders approved a monetization plan, the primary objective of which is to maximize shareholder recovery value by (i) opportunistically selling Apollo Investment Europes assets over a three-year period from July 2009 to July 2012 (subject to a one-year extension with the consent of a majority of Apollo Investment Europes shareholders) and (ii) reducing the overall costs of the fund. Subject to compliance with applicable law and maintaining adequate liquidity, available cash received from the sale of assets will be returned to shareholders on a quarterly basis once all leverage in the fund is repaid. Substantially all of Apollo Investment Europes leverage was repaid during 2009.
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. (the Asia Opportunity Fund) is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns across market cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities created by the increasing demand for capital in the rapidly expanding Asian markets. In connection with a redemption requested by AAA Investments of its investment in the Asia Opportunity Fund, a portion of AAA Investments investment was converted into liquidating shares issued by the Asia Opportunity Fund. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of the Asia Opportunity Funds existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred or reserves set by the Asia Opportunity Fund. At June 30, 2010, the liquidating shares had a fair value of $55.1 million.
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. invests primarily in European non-performing loans, or NPLs. Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. seeks to capitalize on the inefficiencies of financial institutions in managing and restructuring their non-performing loans. The investment in Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. has a life of five years plus two one-year extensions from December 22, 2009, the final closing of the fund. Distributed capital can be recalled for an 18-month recycle period.
F-17
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Net (Losses) Gains from Investment Activities
Net (losses) gains from investment activities on the condensed consolidated statements of operations includes net realized gains from sales of investments, and the change in net unrealized gains resulting from changes in fair value of the affiliated funds investments and realization of previously unrealized gains. The following tables present Apollos net (losses) gains from investment activities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net unrealized losses due to changes in fair value |
$ | (9,961 | ) | $ | (1,044 | ) | $ | (11,005 | ) | |||
Net Losses from Investment Activities |
$ | (9,961 | ) | $ | (1,044 | ) | $ | (11,005 | ) | |||
Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net realized losses on sales of investments |
$ | | $ | (108 | ) | $ | (108 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized gains due to changes in fair value |
267,007 | 12,767 | 279,774 | |||||||||
Net Gains from Investment Activities |
$ | 267,007 | $ | 12,659 | $ | 279,666 | ||||||
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair value |
$ | 102,990 | $ | (2,274 | ) | $ | 100,716 | |||||
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities |
$ | 102,990 | $ | (2,274 | ) | $ | 100,716 | |||||
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net realized losses on sales of investments |
$ | | $ | (213 | ) | $ | (213 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair value |
121,684 | (8,403 | ) | 113,281 | ||||||||
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities |
$ | 121,684 | $ | (8,616 | ) | $ | 113,068 | |||||
F-18
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other Investments
Other Investments primarily consist of equity method investments. Apollos share of operating income (loss) generated by these investments is recorded as other income (loss) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
(Loss) income from equity method investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 consisted of the following:
For the Three Months
Ended June 30, |
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | (3 | ) | $ | 144 | $ | 64 | $ | 61 | |||||||
Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. (Fund IV) |
13 | 12 | 16 | 11 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. (Fund V) |
(12 | ) | 12 | 25 | 15 | |||||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. (Fund VI) |
139 | 164 | (241 | ) | 141 | |||||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P. (Fund VII) |
2,655 | 10,373 | 2,703 | 7,859 | ||||||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. |
114 | 462 | 321 | 280 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. |
7 | 15 | 13 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. |
(1 | ) | 16 | 8 | 17 | |||||||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P. |
(1,563 | ) | 6,400 | (1,088 | ) | 7,942 | ||||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. |
487 | | 1,191 | | ||||||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. (COF I) |
(1,190 | ) | 8,978 | (2,130 | ) | 3,394 | ||||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. (COF II) |
(363 | ) | 5,603 | 172 | 3,551 | |||||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
357 | 412 | 1,960 | 57 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. |
(569 | ) | 1,642 | (111 | ) | 1,488 | ||||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. |
11 | (116 | ) | 133 | (116 | ) | ||||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
263 | | 120 | | ||||||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series A (Vantium A) |
(96 | ) | (3,703 | ) | (526 | ) | (5,285 | ) | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series C (Vantium C) |
(2,010 | ) | 2,155 | 3,514 | 3,694 | |||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series D (Vantium D) |
49 | 3 | 24 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Total (Loss) Income from Equity Method Investments |
$ | (1,712 | ) | $ | 32,572 | $ | 6,168 | $ | 23,134 | |||||||
F-19
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other investments as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 consisted of the following:
Equity held as of | ||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
% of
Ownership |
December 31,
2009 |
% of
Ownership |
|||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | 801 | 0.057 | % | $ | 746 | 0.056 | % | ||||
Fund IV |
38 | 0.007 | 30 | 0.006 | ||||||||
Fund V |
217 | 0.013 | 308 | 0.012 | ||||||||
Fund VI |
5,116 | 0.053 | 4,948 | 0.055 | ||||||||
Fund VII |
83,231 | 1.338 | 61,245 | 1.389 | ||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. |
5,094 | 0.524 | 4,773 | 0.513 | ||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. |
136 | 0.068 | 124 | 0.065 | ||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. |
131 | 0.058 | 123 | 0.058 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P. |
16,477 | 2.442 | 19,618 | 2.440 | ||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. |
3,440 | 6.156 | 2,249 | 6.160 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. |
29,121 | 2.046 | 26,402 | 2.007 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. |
25,318 | 1.474 | 20,223 | 1.455 | ||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
12,365 | 1.363 | 7,116 | 1.360 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. |
6,547 | 2.084 | 6,069 | 1.971 | ||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. |
3,378 | 1.186 | 2,918 | 1.186 | ||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
10,181 | 5.262 | 10,260 | 5.180 | ||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||
Vantium A |
2,644 | 11.864 | 3,170 | 14.158 | ||||||||
Vantium C |
15,006 | 4.684 | 18,529 | 6.291 | ||||||||
Vantium D |
355 | 6.345 | 331 | 6.345 | ||||||||
Total Other Investments |
$ | 219,596 | $ | 189,182 | ||||||||
F-20
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Fair Value Measurements
The following tables summarize the valuation of Apollos assets and liabilities, at fair value, in the fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||
Assets, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in AAA Investments, L.P. |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||||||
Investments in Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
| | | | | (1) | 40,034 | | (1) | 40,034 | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | ||||||||||
(1) | Refer to note 1 for a discussion regarding consolidation of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Liabilities, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | $ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | $ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | ||||||||
The following table summarizes the changes in AAA Investments, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,437,947 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||
Purchases |
286 | 343 | ||||||
Distributions |
(16,991 | ) | (16,991 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized (losses) gains |
(9,961 | ) | 102,990 | |||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,411,281 | ||||
F-21
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes the changes in Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. investment, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 38,804 | $ | 40,034 | ||||
Purchases |
| | ||||||
Distributions (1) |
(37,760 | ) | (37,760 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized losses |
(1,044 | ) | (2,274 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | | $ | | ||||
(1) | Refer to note 1 for discussion regarding consolidation of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
The change in unrealized (losses) gains has been recorded within the caption Net (losses) gains from investment activities on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following table summarizes a look through of the Companys Level III investments by valuation methodology of the underlying securities held by AAA Investments:
Private Equity | ||||||||||||||
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
% of
Investment of AAA |
% of
Investment of AAA |
|||||||||||||
Approximate values based on net asset value of the underlying funds, which are based on the funds underlying investments that are valued using the following: |
||||||||||||||
Comparable company and industry multiples |
$ | 586,349 | 36.8 | % | $ | 527,105 | 33.2 | % | ||||||
Discounted cash flow models |
545,912 | 34.3 | 480,100 | 30.2 | ||||||||||
Broker quotes |
399,868 | 25.1 | 440,344 | 27.8 | ||||||||||
Options models |
2,100 | 0.1 | 14,000 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
Listed quotes |
33,073 | 2.1 | 40,447 | 2.6 | ||||||||||
Other net assets (liabilities) (1) |
24,880 | 1.6 | 83,514 | 5.3 | ||||||||||
Total Investments |
1,592,182 | 100.0 | % | 1,585,510 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Other net assets (liabilities) (2) |
(180,901 | ) | (260,571 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Net Assets |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||||||
(1) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of certain funds in which AAA Investments has invested. Other assets and liabilities at the fund level primarily includes cash and cash equivalents, broker receivables and payables and amounts due to and from affiliates. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities and, accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
(2) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of AAA Investments, and are primarily comprised of $537.5 million and $650.0 million in long-term debt offset by cash and cash equivalents at the June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 balance sheet dates, respectively. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities (except debt) and, accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
F-22
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
4. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
The Company consolidates entities that are VIEs of which the Company has been designated as the primary beneficiary. The purpose of such VIEs is to provide strategy specific investment opportunities for investors in exchange for management and performance based fees. The investment strategies of the entities that the Company manages may vary by entity, however, the fundamental risks of such entities have similar characteristics, including loss of invested capital and the return of carried interest income previously distributed to the Company by certain private equity and capital markets entities. The nature of the Companys involvement with VIEs includes direct and indirect investments and fee arrangements. The Company does not provide performance guarantees and has no other financial obligation to provide funding to VIEs other than its own capital commitments.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
As of June 30, 2010, Apollo consolidated two VIEs. The assets of these consolidated VIEs are not available to creditors of the Company. In
addition, the investors in these consolidated VIEs have no recourse to the credit of the Company. The Company has elected the fair value option for financial instruments held by its consolidated VIEs, which includes the investments and debt
obligations held by such consolidated VIEs. Other assets includes amounts due from brokers and interest receivables. Other liabilities includes derivative investments and payables for securities purchased, which represent open trades within the
Fair Value Measurements
The following table summarizes the valuation of Apollos consolidated VIEs in fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,374,367 | $ | | $ | 1,374,367 | $ | | ||||||||
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Liabilities, at fair value |
$ | | $ | | $ | 5,283 | $ | | $ | 1,006,548 | $ | | $ | 1,011,831 | $ | |
Level III investments include corporate loan and corporate bond investments held by the consolidated VIEs, while the Level III liabilities consist of notes and loans, the valuations of which are discussed further in note 2. Level II liabilities include derivative investments that are valued using broker quotes.
F-23
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes the changes in investments of consolidated VIEs, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,121,723 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 1,102,114 | ||||||
Purchases |
313,485 | 371,240 | ||||||
Sales of investments |
(24,128 | ) | (82,972 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on investments |
819 | 186 | ||||||
Net unrealized losses on investments |
(36,478 | ) | (15,147 | ) | ||||
Elimination of equity investment attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,374,367 | $ | 1,374,367 | ||||
The following table summarizes the changes in liabilities of consolidated VIEs, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 702,298 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 706,027 | ||||||
Borrowings |
320,154 | 320,154 | ||||||
Repayment |
(3,794 | ) | (17,239 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on debt |
(681 | ) | (1,679 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized (gains) losses on debt |
(10,375 | ) | 339 | |||||
Elimination of debt attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054) | |||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,006,548 | $ | 1,006,548 | ||||
Net Losses from Investment Activities of Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
The following table presents the net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010:
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Net unrealized losses from investment activities |
$ | (36,478 | ) | $ | (15,147 | ) | ||
Net realized gains from investment activities |
819 | 186 | ||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
(35,659 | ) | (14,961 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) from debt |
10,375 | (339 | ) | |||||
Net realized gains from debt |
681 | 1,679 | ||||||
Net gain on debt |
11,056 | 1,340 | ||||||
Interest income |
12,164 | 23,429 | ||||||
Other expenses |
(6,993 | ) | (10,073 | ) | ||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated VIEs |
$ | (19,432 | ) | $ | (265 | ) | ||
F-24
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Investments of Consolidated VIEs
The following table presents a condensed summary of the consolidated VIEs investments that are included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2010:
Fair
Value
as of June 30, 2010 |
% of Consolidated
Fund and VIE Net Assets |
||||||
Corporate Loans |
|||||||
North America |
|||||||
Communications |
|||||||
Intelsat Jackson term loan due February 1, 2014 |
$ | 189,396 | 10.2 | % | |||
Other |
114,839 | 6.1 | |||||
Total communications |
304,235 | 16.3 | |||||
Manufacturing & industrial |
|||||||
Servicemaster term loan due July 24, 2014 |
112,889 | 6.0 | |||||
Other |
92,424 | 4.9 | |||||
Total manufacturing & industrial |
205,313 | 10.9 | |||||
Healthcare |
|||||||
Bausch & Lomb term loans due April 26, 2015 |
95,311 | 5.1 | |||||
Other |
23,002 | 1.2 | |||||
Total healthcare |
118,313 | 6.3 | |||||
Technology |
78,374 | 4.2 | |||||
Media, cable and leisure |
74,610 | 4.0 | |||||
Financial & business services |
42,529 | 2.3 | |||||
Consumer & retail |
35,005 | 1.9 | |||||
Packaging & materials |
18,356 | 1.0 | |||||
Energy |
12,174 | 0.7 | |||||
Metals & mining |
7,783 | 0.4 | |||||
Other |
10,671 | 0.6 | |||||
Total corporate loans North America (amortized cost $911,322) |
907,363 | 48.6 | |||||
Europe |
|||||||
Company/Industry Description |
|||||||
Healthcare |
|||||||
Alliance Boots senior facility B1 due July 5, 2015 |
$ | 178,516 | 9.6 | % | |||
Consumer & retail |
|||||||
Univar term loan B due October 10, 2014 |
147,211 | 7.8 | |||||
Other |
14,250 | 0.8 | |||||
Total consumer & retail |
161,461 | 8.6 | |||||
Media, cable and leisure |
13,668 | 0.7 | |||||
Chemicals |
4,900 | 0.3 | |||||
Total corporate loans Europe (amortized cost $421,401) |
358,545 | 19.2 | |||||
Total Corporate Loans (amortized cost $1,332,723) |
1,265,908 | 67.8 | |||||
Corporate Bonds |
|||||||
North America |
|||||||
Communications |
66,589 | 3.6 | |||||
Consumer & retail |
40,813 | 2.2 | |||||
Distribution & transportation |
1,944 | 0.1 | |||||
Energy |
828 | 0.0 | |||||
Total corporate bonds North America (amortized cost $103,714) |
110,174 | 5.9 | |||||
Europe |
|||||||
Media, cable & leisure |
3,041 | 0.2 | |||||
Total corporate bonds Europe (amortized cost $3,041) |
3,041 | 0.2 | |||||
Total corporate bonds (amortized cost $106,755) |
113,215 | 6.1 | |||||
Elimination of equity investments attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(4,756 | ) | (0.3 | ) | |||
Total investments of consolidated VIEs (amortized cost $1,439,478) |
$ | 1,374,367 | 73.6 | % | |||
F-25
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Senior Secured Notes, Subordinated Note, Term Loans Included within debt are amounts due to third-party institutions and an affiliate of the consolidated VIEs. The following table summarizes the principal provisions of the consolidated VIE debt as of June 30, 2010:
Description |
Principal
Outstanding Balance |
Fair Value |
Maturity Date |
Interest Rate |
Weighted
Average Interest Rate |
||||||||
Loans: (1)(2) |
|||||||||||||
Term A Loan |
$ | 293,157 | $271,581 | October 29, 2012 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 0.5% | 0.84 | % | ||||||
Term B Loan |
188,749 | (3) | 133,025 | June 13, 2013 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (GBP) plus 0.5% | 0.84 | % | ||||||
Term C Loan |
305,313 | 282,842 | October 29, 2013 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 0.5% | 0.84 | % | |||||||
787,219 | 687,448 | ||||||||||||
Notes: (4)(5) |
|||||||||||||
Senior secured notes A1 |
215,400 | 215,400 | May 20, 2020 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 1.7% | 2.24 | % | |||||||
Senior secured notes A2 |
10,668 | 10,668 | May 20, 2020 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 2.25% | 2.78 | % | |||||||
Senior secured notes B |
22,586 | 22,586 | May 20, 2020 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 2.30% | 2.84 | % | |||||||
Subordinated note (6) |
70,446 | 70,446 | May 20, 2020 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
319,100 | 319,100 | ||||||||||||
Total notes and loans |
$ | 1,106,319 | $1,006,548 | ||||||||||
(1) | Scheduled amortization payments received from investments held by the VIE are applied first against the loans until they are repaid in full. Scheduled interest payments received are generally used first to pay all fees and expenses under the agreement, then to pay interest due and payable to repay the loans. Any residual amounts are then paid to the VIE. To the extent certain of the investments are sold, the sales proceeds are applied first to repay the loans in an amount agreed upon under the credit agreement (currently 70% of such sales proceeds), and the remaining to the VIE. |
(2) | The loans are subject to certain affirmative and negative covenants which include, but are not limited to, a Market Trigger Event (MTE) covenant. An MTE occurs with respect to any loan in the portfolio if the market price on any business day is 20 (or more) percentage points lower than its purchase price and the Loan-to-Value Ratio is greater than 87.5%. Additionally the loans are subject to an Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) covenant. ICR is calculated as of each interest payment date. The ratio of interest income to income expense for the twelve months ended each interest payment date must not be less than 1.75:1.00. If an MTE or a breach of the ICR occurs, the VIE must cure such breach by either prepaying a portion of the loans or selling the loan in the portfolio for which the breach pertains (applying 100% of the proceeds to the loan). The loans are subject to a Trigger Event provision. A Trigger Event occurs any time (a) an MTE has occurred and is continuing, (b) the Loan-to-Value Ratio at such time exceeds 90% and (c) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing for at least 30 days. If a Trigger Event with respect to any loan is continuing, periodic cash flows of interest from the loans in the portfolio are applied first to prepay any and all outstanding loans before any proceeds are received by the VIE. |
(3) | Loan amount is denominated in GBP. Cost at June 30, 2010 was £96,065 and amounts are translated into U.S. dollars at a historical exchange rate of £1.00 to $1.96. |
(4) | Each class of notes will mature at par on the stated maturity, unless previously redeemed or repaid. Principal will not be payable on the notes except in certain limited circumstances. Interest on the notes is payable quarterly in arrears on the outstanding amount of the notes on scheduled payment dates. The subordinated note will be fully redeemed on the stated maturity unless previously redeemed. The subordinated notes may be redeemed, in whole but not in part, on or after the redemption or repayment in full of principal and interest on the secured notes. No interest accrues or is payable on the subordinated notes. |
(5) | The notes are subject to two coverage tests. These tests are primarily used to determine whether principal and interest may be paid on the secured notes and distributions may be made on the subordinated notes. The Coverage Tests will consist of the Overcollateralization Ratio Test and the Interest Coverage Test; each test applies to each note. The Overcollateralization Ratio Test and Interest Coverage Test applicable to the indicated classes of secured notes will be satisfied as of any date on which such Coverage Test is applicable, if (1) the applicable Overcollateralization Ratio or Interest Coverage Ratio is at least equal to the applicable ratio or (2) the class or classes of secured notes is no longer outstanding. The applicable Interest Coverage Ratio for Class A Notes and B Notes is 110.0% and 105.0%, respectively. The applicable Overcollateralization Ratio for Class A Notes and B Notes is 137.5% and 126.4%, respectively. |
(6) | The subordinated note was issued to an affiliate of the Company. Amount is reduced by approximately $1.1 million due to elimination of equity investment attributable to consolidated VIEs. |
F-26
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The consolidated VIEs have elected the fair value option to value the loans and notes. The general partner uses its discretion and judgment in considering and appraising relevant factors in determining valuation of these loans. As of June 30, 2010, the loans and notes are classified as Level III liabilities. Because of the inherent uncertainty in the valuation of the loans and notes, which are not publicly traded, estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been reported had a ready market for such loans existed.
The consolidated VIEs debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants as described above. As of the balance sheet date, the Company was not aware of any instances of noncompliance with any of these covenants.
Variable Interest Entities that are not Consolidated
The Company holds variable interests in certain VIEs which are not consolidated as it has been determined that Apollo is not the primary beneficiary of such VIEs.
The following tables present the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs for which Apollo has concluded that it holds a variable interest, but that it is not the primary beneficiary. In addition, the tables present the maximum exposure to loss relating to those VIEs.
June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Apollo Exposure | ||||||||||
Private Equity |
$ | 7,396,237 | $ | (25,598 | ) | $ | 18,005 | |||||
Capital Markets |
3,203,366 | (1,140,005 | ) | 8,800 | ||||||||
Real Estate |
1,563,615 | (1,251,939 | ) | | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 12,163,218 | (1) | $ | (2,417,542 | ) (2) | $ | 26,805 | (3) | |||
(1) | Consists of $204,886 in cash, $11,504,802 in investments and $453,530 in receivables. |
(2) | Represents $(2,372,278) in payables and accrued expenses, $(45,264) in securities sold, not purchased, and $0 in capital withdrawals payable. |
(3) | Apollos exposure is limited to its direct and indirect investments in those entities in which Apollo holds a variable interest. |
December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Apollo Exposure | ||||||||||
Private Equity |
$ | 5,767,009 | $ | (72,055 | ) | $ | | |||||
Capital Markets |
2,422,323 | (305,723 | ) | 5,019 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 8,189,332 | (1) | $ | (377,778 | ) (2) | $ | 5,019 | (3) | |||
(1) | Consists of $225,226 in cash, $7,470,213 in investments and $493,893 in receivables. |
(2) | Represents $(139,775) in payables and accrued expenses, $(45,487) in securities sold, not purchased, and $(192,516) in capital withdrawals payable. |
(3) | Apollos exposure is limited to its direct and indirect investments in those entities in which Apollo holds a variable interest. |
F-27
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
5. CARRIED INTEREST RECEIVABLE
Carried interest receivable from private equity and capital markets funds consists of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Private equity |
$ | 300,422 | $ | 328,246 | ||
Capital markets |
84,273 | 155,608 | ||||
Total carried interest receivable |
$ | 384,695 | $ | 483,854 | ||
The timing of the payment of carried interest due to the general partner or investment manager varies depending on the terms of the applicable fund agreements. Generally, carried interest with respect to the private equity funds is payable and is distributed to the funds general partner upon realization of an investment if the funds cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return. For most capital markets funds, carried interest is payable after the end of the relevant funds fiscal year or in certain cases fiscal quarter subject to high watermark provisions. There is currently no carried interest receivable associated with the Companys real estate segment.
The table below provides a roll-forward of the carried interest receivable balance during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Carried interest receivable at January 1, 2010 |
$ | 328,246 | $ | 155,608 | $ | 483,854 | ||||||
Change in fair value of funds |
30,316 | 24,729 | 55,045 | |||||||||
Fund cash distributions |
(58,140 | ) | (96,064 | ) | (154,204 | ) | ||||||
Carried interest receivable at June 30, 2010 |
$ | 300,422 | $ | 84,273 | $ | 384,695 | ||||||
6. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consist of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Prepaid expenses |
$ | 5,982 | $ | 3,922 | ||
Tax receivables |
3,467 | 3,471 | ||||
Prepaid rent |
1,188 | 1,601 | ||||
Rent deposits |
943 | 620 | ||||
Other |
1,905 | 1,715 | ||||
Total Other Assets |
$ | 13,485 | $ | 11,329 | ||
F-28
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
7. OTHER LIABILITIES
Other liabilities consist of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | ||
Deferred rent |
9,892 | 9,582 | ||||
Deferred taxes |
2,668 | 2,754 | ||||
Other |
1,947 | 2,393 | ||||
Total Other Liabilities |
$ | 30,690 | $ | 41,368 | ||
Interest Rate Swap Agreements The principal financial instruments used for cash flow hedging purposes are interest rate swaps. Apollo enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to interest rate changes. The swaps effectively converted a portion of its variable rate debt under the AMH Credit Agreement (discussed in note 9) to a fixed rate, without exchanging the notional principal amounts. Apollo entered into interest rate swap agreements whereby Apollo receives floating rate payments in exchange for fixed rate payments of 5.068% (weighted average) and 5.175%, on the notional amounts of $433.0 million and $167.0 million, respectively, effectively converting a portion of its floating rate borrowings to a fixed rate. The interest rate swap agreements related to the $433.0 million are comprised of two components for $333.0 million and $100.0 million. The interest rate swap agreement related to the $333.0 million expired in May 2010. The interest rate swap agreement related to the $100.0 million expires in November 2010. The interest rate swap agreement related to the $167.0 million expires in May 2012. Apollo has hedged only the risk related to changes in the benchmark interest rate (three month LIBOR). As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company has recorded a liability of $16.2 million and $26.6 million, respectively, to recognize the fair value of these derivatives.
The Company has determined that the valuation of the interest rate swaps fall within Level II of the fair value hierarchy. The Company estimates the fair value of its interest rate swaps using discounted cash flow models, which project future cash flows based on the instruments contractual terms using market-based expectations for interest rates. The Company also includes a credit risk adjustment to the cash flow discount rate to incorporate the impact of non-performance risk in the recognized measure of the fair value of the swaps. This adjustment is based on the counterpartys credit risk when the swaps are in a net asset position and on the Companys own credit risk when the swaps are in a net liability position.
8. INCOME TAXES
The Apollo Operating Group operates in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions; accordingly, these entities in some cases are subject to the New York City Unincorporated Business Tax or, in the case of non-U.S. entities, income taxes in their local jurisdictions. In addition, APO Corp., a corporation wholly-owned by the Company, is subject to U.S. Federal, state and local corporate income taxes.
Apollos provision for income taxes totaled $12.7 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $16.8 million and $7.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and
F-29
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
2009, respectively. Apollos effective income tax rate was approximately (4.40)% and 0.77% for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and (4.68)% and (2.67)% for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. As a result of the estimates used in its calculation, Apollos effective tax rate for U.S. GAAP reporting purposes is subject to significant variation from period to period.
Apollos effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2010 was due to the following: (i) income allocable to APO Corp was subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes, certain wholly owned subsidiaries are subject to New York City unincorporated business tax and certain non-U.S. corporate entities continue to be subject to non-U.S. corporate income tax, (ii) a portion of the compensation charges that contribute to Apollos net loss are not deductible for tax purposes and (iii) income allocable to Non-Controlling Interests is not subject to corporate level income taxes.
As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company determined it was not required to
9. DEBT
Debt consists of the following:
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|||||||||
AMH credit agreement |
$ | 909,091 | 4.33 | % (1) | $ | 909,091 | 5.15 | % (1) | ||||
CIT secured loan agreement |
23,940 | 3.46 | 24,743 | 3.64 | ||||||||
Total Debt |
$ | 933,031 | 4.30 | % | $ | 933,834 | 5.11 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes the effect of interest rate swaps. |
AMH Credit Agreement On April 20, 2007, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (AMH) entered into a $1.0 billion seven-year credit agreement (the AMH Credit Agreement). Interest payable under the AMH Credit Agreement may from time to time be based on Eurodollar (LIBOR) or Alternate Base Rate (ABR) as determined by the borrower. Through the use of interest rate swaps, AMH has irrevocably elected three-month LIBOR for $433 million of the debt for three years and $167 million of the debt for five years. The remaining amount of the debt is computed currently based on three-month LIBOR. The interest rate of the Eurodollar loan will be the daily Eurodollar rate plus the applicable margin rate (1.25% as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009). The interest rate on the ABR term loan, for any day, will be the greater of (a) the prime rate in effect on such day, or (b) the Federal Funds Rate in effect on such day plus 0.5% and the applicable margin rate of 0.5%. The AMH Credit Agreement matures in April 2014. During April and May 2009, the Company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a gain of $36.2 million, which is included in other income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The interest rate on the loan at June 30, 2010 was 1.72%, and the estimated fair value of the Companys long term debt obligation related to the AMH Credit Agreement is believed to be approximately $835.9 million based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. The $909.1 million carrying value of debt that is recorded on the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition at June 30, 2010 is the amount that the Company expects to settle the AMH Credit Agreement.
F-30
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the AMH Credit Agreement is guaranteed by, and is collateralized by, substantially all of the assets of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH, as well as cash proceeds from the sale of assets or similar recovery events and any cash deposited pursuant to the excess cash flow covenant, which will be deposited as cash collateral to the extent necessary as set out in the AMH Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2010, the consolidated net assets (deficit) of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH were $61.8 million, $14.4 million, $37.7 million, $30.3 million and $(1,304.2) million, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, the consolidated net assets (deficit) of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., and AMH were $13.2 million, $(7.8) million, $37.0 million, $70.2 million and $(1,284.1) million, respectively.
In accordance with the AMH Credit Agreement, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH and their subsidiaries are subject to certain negative and affirmative covenants. Among other things, the AMH Credit Agreement includes an excess cash flow covenant and an asset sales covenant. The AMH Credit Agreement does not contain any financial maintenance covenants.
The excess cash flow covenant provides that if AMHs debt to EBITDA ratio as of the end of any fiscal year exceeds the level set forth below (the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio), AMH must deposit its excess cash flow (as defined in the AMH Credit Agreement) in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of such fiscal year to 0.25 to 1.00 below the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio. The Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio per the AMH Credit Agreement is 4.75 to 1.00 for 2008; 4.25 to 1.00 for 2009; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2010; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2011; and 4.00 to 1.00 for 2012. Beginning in 2010, AMH must deposit excess cash flow in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of each fiscal year to 3.25 to 1.00.
The asset sales covenant provides that if AMH receives net cash proceeds from certain non-ordinary course asset sales, then such net cash proceeds shall be deposited in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce its debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the last day of the most recently completed fiscal quarter (after giving effect to such non-ordinary course asset sale and such deposit) to (i) for 2010, 2011 and 2012, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 and (ii) for all other years, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 4.00 to 1.00. As of June 30, 2010, the Company was not aware of any instances of non-compliance with the AMH Credit Agreement.
The AMH Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including events of default arising from non-payment, material misrepresentations, breaches of covenants, cross default to material indebtedness, bankruptcy and changes in control of AMH.
CIT Secured Loan Agreement During the second quarter of 2008, the Company entered into four secured loan agreements totaling $26.9 million with CIT Group/Equipment Financing Inc. (CIT) to finance the purchase of certain fixed assets. The loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 318 basis points per annum with interest and principal to be repaid monthly and a balloon payment of the remaining principal totaling $20.1 million due at the end of the terms in April and June 2013. At June 30, 2010, the interest rate was 3.53%.
Apollo has determined that the carrying value of this debt approximates fair value as the loans are primarily variable rate in nature.
F-31
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
10. NET LOSS PER CLASS A SHARE
U.S. GAAP requires use of the two-class method of computing earnings per share for all periods presented for each class of common stock and participating security as if all earnings for the period had been distributed. The two-class method requires allocation of distributed earnings and undistributed earnings to common shareholders and participating security holders. Under the two-class method, dividends declared on all classes of securities are first deducted from net income. The remaining amount (the undistributed earnings) is allocated among common and participating shares to the extent each security may share in such earnings. Distributions are then added to the undistributed earnings, and the total is divided by the applicable number of shares to arrive at the basic earnings per share.
The table below presents basic and diluted net loss per Class A share using the two-class method for the quarters ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
June 30,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
June 30,
2009 |
|||||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | ||||
Dividends declared on Class A shares |
(6,744 | ) (1) | | (6,744 | ) (1) | (4,866 | ) (2) | |||||||||
Dividends on participating securities |
(960 | ) | | (960 | ) | (299 | ) | |||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders |
$ | (82,828 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (143,510 | ) | $ | (118,719 | ) | ||||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||||||
Weighted average number of Class A shares outstanding |
96,346,032 | 95,624,541 | 96,065,452 | 96,011,763 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average number of participating securities outstanding |
| | | (3) | | (3) | ||||||||||
Total Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares and Weighted Average Participating Securities Outstanding |
96,346,032 | 95,624,541 | 96,065,452 | 96,011,763 | ||||||||||||
Net loss per Class A share: Basic and Diluted: |
||||||||||||||||
Distributable Earnings |
0.07 | | 0.07 | 0.05 | ||||||||||||
Undistributed Loss |
(0.86 | ) | (0.39 | ) | (1.49 | ) | (1.23 | ) | ||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A Share |
$ | (0.79 | ) | $ | (0.39 | ) | $ | (1.42 | ) | $ | (1.18 | ) | ||||
(1) | The Company declared a $0.07 dividend on Class A shares in May 2010. As a result, there is an increase in net loss attributable to Class A shareholders presented during the six months ended June 30, 2010. |
(2) | The Company declared a $0.05 dividend on Class A shares in January 2009. As a result, there is an increase in net loss attributable to Class A shareholders presented during the six months ended June 30, 2009. |
(3) | Basic and diluted net loss per share are identical for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, as application of the treasury method for Apollo Class A share equivalents for the AOG Units for vested and unvested units are anti-dilutive. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, had the Class A shares been dilutive, the Company would have: (1) included an additional 240,000,000 shares from the conversion of the AOG Units and shares with respect to vested RSUs in the determination of diluted net income (loss) per Class A share and (2) adjusted net income (loss) related to amortization of the AOG Units and RSUs, as well as its related tax effects. |
F-32
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
On October 24, 2007, the Company commenced the granting of restricted share units (RSUs) that provide the right to receive, upon vesting, Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC, pursuant to the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. RSU grants to Company employees during 2007, 2008 and certain RSU grants to Company employees in 2009 and 2010 provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on vested RSUs on an equal basis with the Class A shareholders any time a dividend is declared. The Company refers to these RSU grants as Plan Grants. For any Plan Grant made before 2010, distribution equivalents are paid in January of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which a dividend on Class A shares was declared. In addition, certain RSU grants to Company employees in 2009 and 2010 (the Company refers to these as Bonus Grants)
provide that both vested and unvested RSUs participate in distribution equivalents on an equal basis with the Class A shareholders any time a dividend is declared. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 13.7 million vested RSUs and 5.7 million unvested RSUs were eligible for participation in distribution equivalents.
Any distribution equivalent paid to an employee will not be returned to the Company upon forfeiture of the award by the employee. Vested and unvested RSUs that are entitled to non-forfeitable distribution equivalents qualify as participating securities and are included in the Companys basic and diluted EPS computations using the two-class method.
During periods when the entity is generating net losses, the net loss is allocated to participating securities only if the security has (1) the right to participate in the earnings of the entity and (2) an objectively determinable contractual obligation to share in net losses of the entity. The holder of a participating security would have a contractual obligation to share in the losses of the entity if the holder is obligated to fund the losses of the issuing entity or if the contractual principal or mandatory redemption amount of the participating security is reduced as a result of losses incurred by the issuing entity. Because the participating securities do not have a mandatory redemption amount and the holders of the participating securities are not obligated to fund losses, neither the vested RSUs nor the unvested RSUs are subject to any contractual obligation to share in losses of the Company.
Holders of AOG Units are subject to the vesting requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the agreements with the respective holders, and may up to four times each year (subject to the terms of the exchange agreement) exchange their AOG Units for Class A shares on a one-for-one basis. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the eight Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share. If converted, the result would be an additional 240,000,000 Class A shares added to the basic earnings per share calculation. Consequently, the Company applies the if converted method to determine the dilutive effect, if any, that the exchange of all AOG Units would have on basic earnings per Class A share. The assumed exchange of AOG Units includes an assumed tax effect resulting from the increased income (loss) allocated to the Company on the exchange of the AOG Units.
Apollo has one Class B share held by Holdings. The voting power of the Class B share is reduced on a one vote per one AOG Unit basis in the event of an exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares, as discussed above. The Class B share has no net income (loss) per share as it does not participate in Apollos earnings (losses) or distributions. The Class B share has no dividend or liquidation rights. The Class B share has voting rights on a pari passu basis with the Class A shares. The Class B share has a super voting power of 240,000,000 votes.
On February 11, 2009, Apollo repurchased 1.7 million Class A shares for $2 per share. The repurchase was followed by a corresponding exchange and cancellation of AOG Units by the Apollo Operating Group. The Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group was 28.9% prior to the repurchase and 28.5% after the repurchase. As Holdings did not sell any AOG Units to the Apollo Operating Group, its ownership in the Apollo Operating Group increased from 71.1% to 71.5%.
F-33
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
On March 12, 2010, the Company issued 0.7 million Class A shares in exchange for vested RSUs. This issuance caused the Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group to increase to 28.6% from 28.5%. As Holdings did not participate in this Class A share issuance, its ownership interest decreased from 71.5% to 71.4%.
11. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION
AOG Units
As a result of the service requirement, the fair value of the AOG Units of approximately $5.6 billion will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the five or six year service period, as applicable. Accordingly, we have recognized $516.7 million of compensation expense in the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations for both the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $258.3 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The estimated forfeiture rate was 3% for Contributing Partners and 0% for Managing Partners based on actual forfeitures as well as the Companys future forfeiture expectations. As of June 30, 2010, there was $2.1 billion of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested AOG Units that are expected to vest over the next three to four years.
Apollo
Operating Group Units |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
110,832,094 | $ | 23.35 | |||
Granted |
1,404,650 | 11.96 | ||||
Forfeited |
(1,404,650 | ) | 20.00 | |||
Vested at June 30, 2010 |
(22,014,340 | ) | 23.46 | |||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
88,817,754 | $ | 23.19 | |||
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 88,396,732 AOG Units are expected to vest over the next three to four years.
RSUs
On October 24, 2007, the Company commenced the granting of RSUs under the Companys 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. These grants are accounted for as a grant of equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The fair value of Plan Grants made in 2010 was approximately $93.5 million, which is based on valuation methods that consider market comparables for transfer restrictions and lack of distributions until vested. For Bonus Grants, the valuation methods consider transfer restrictions and timing of distributions. The total fair value will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, which can be up to 24 quarters or annual vesting over three years. The forfeiture rate was 7.1% and 4.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and 2.8% and 2.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $35.2 million and $30.0 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $20.7 million and $15.9 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, the Company delivered 0.7 million Class A shares in settlement of vested RSUs, which caused the Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group to increase to 28.6% from 28.5%.
F-34
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes RSU activity for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RSUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
19,937,996 | $ | 10.87 | 12,092,019 | 32,030,015 | ||||||
Granted |
9,502,594 | 9.83 | | 9,502,594 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(2,097,784 | ) | 10.33 | | (2,097,784 | ) | |||||
Vested at June 30, 2010 |
(2,519,289 | ) | 11.42 | 2,519,289 | | ||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
24,823,517 | $ | 10.46 | 14,611,308 | 39,434,825 | ||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 23,454,068 RSUs are expected to vest.
RDUs
On June 15, 2006, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P., purchased 3,700,000 restricted depositary units (RDUs) of AAA for $74.0 million. These units were purchased as part of the global private placement of AAA RDUs. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P. purchased an additional 2.2 million units of AAA for an aggregate purchase price of $26.2 million.
Incentive units that provide the right to receive RDUs following vesting are granted periodically to employees of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its affiliated management companies. These grants are accounted for as equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The RDUs subject to incentive units granted to employees generally vest over three years. In contrast, the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have received distributions of fully vested RDUs. The fair value of the grants is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period (or upon grant in the case of fully vested RDUs). Vested RDUs can be converted into ordinary common units of AAA. During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the forfeiture rate was 2.5% and 7.6%, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $1.3 million and $2.8 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $0.7 million and $1.4 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively.
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, the Company delivered 389,892 RDUs to individuals who had vested in these units. The delivery resulted in a reduction of the accrued compensation liability of $6.1 million and the recognition of net additional paid in capital of $1.5 million. These amounts are presented in the statement of changes in shareholders equity. There is no liability for vested but undelivered RDUs in accrued compensation in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2010. The following table summarizes RDU activity for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RDUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance January 1, 2010 |
221,221 | $ | 12.95 | 3,368,524 | 3,589,745 | ||||||
Granted |
200,000 | 7.20 | | 200,000 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(10,427 | ) | 13.00 | | (10,427 | ) | |||||
Vested at June 30, 2010 |
| | | | |||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
410,794 | $ | 10.15 | 3,368,524 | 3,779,318 | ||||||
F-35
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 361,499 RDUs are expected to vest over the next three years.
The following table summarizes the activity of RDUs available for future grants:
RDUs Available
for Future Grants |
|||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
2,418,528 | ||
Purchases |
91,657 | ||
Granted |
(200,000 | ) | |
Forfeited |
10,427 | ||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
2,320,612 | ||
Restricted Stock AwardsApollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (ARI)
On September 29, 2009, 97,500 and 140,000 shares of ARI restricted stock were granted to the Company and certain of the Companys employees, respectively. Additionally, on December 31, 2009, 5,000 shares of ARI restricted stock awards were granted to a Company employee. The fair value of the Company and employee awards granted was $1.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively. These awards vest over three years or twelve quarters, with the first quarter vesting on January 1, 2010. Effective March 23, 2010, an additional 102,084 shares of ARI restricted stock units (ARI RSUs) were granted to certain of the Companys employees. Pursuant to this issuance, 102,084 shares of ARI restricted stock were forfeited by the Companys employees. As the fair value of ARI RSUs was not greater than the fair value of the forfeited ARI restricted stock, no additional value will be amortized. The awards granted to the Company are accounted for as investments and deferred revenue in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. As these awards vest, the deferred revenue is recognized as management fees. The investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting for awards granted to the Company and as a deferred compensation asset for the awards granted to employees. Compensation expense will be recognized on a straight line-basis over the vesting period for the awards granted to the employees. The Company recorded an asset and a liability upon receiving the awards on behalf of the Companys employees. The awards granted to the Companys employees are remeasured each period to reflect the fair value of the asset and liability and any changes in these values are recorded in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2010, $0.7 million of management fees and $0.4 million of compensation expense were recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended June 30, 2010, $0.4 million of management fees and $0.2 million of compensation expense was recognized. The forfeiture rate for unvested ARI restricted stock awards and RSUs is estimated to be 6% as of June 30, 2010.
F-36
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes activity for the ARI restricted stock awards and ARI RSUs that were granted to both the Company and certain of its employees for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
ARI
RSUs Unvested |
ARI
Restricted Stock Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of ARI Restricted Stock Awards and RSUs Issued |
|||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
| 242,500 | $ | 18.47 | | 242,500 | |||||||
Granted to employees of the Company |
102,084 | | 17.25 | | 102,084 | ||||||||
Forfeited by employees of the Company |
| (102,084 | ) | 18.46 | | (102,084 | ) | ||||||
Vested awards for employees of the Company |
| (24,166 | ) | 18.46 | 24,166 | | |||||||
Vested awards for the Company |
| (16,250 | ) | 18.48 | 16,250 | | |||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
102,084 | 100,000 | $ | 17.86 | 40,416 | 242,500 | |||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 194,834 shares of ARI restricted stock and ARI RSUs are expected to vest.
Equity-based compensation is allocated based on ownership interests. Therefore, the amortization of the AOG Units is allocated to Shareholders Equity and the Non-Controlling Interests, which results in a difference in the amounts charged to equity-based compensation expense and the amounts credited to Shareholders Equity in the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three months ended June 30, 2010:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated to
Non-Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 258,336 | 71.4 | % | $ | 184,336 | $ | 74,000 | ||||||
RSUs |
20,722 | | | 20,722 | ||||||||||
ARI Restricted Stock Awards and ARI RSUs |
203 | 71.4 | 144 | 59 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
699 | 71.4 | 499 | 200 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 279,960 | 184,979 | 94,981 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs, ARI Restricted Stock Award and ARI RSUs |
(643 | ) | (259 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 184,336 | $ | 94,722 | ||||||||||
F-37
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three months ended June 30, 2009:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated to
Non-Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 258,337 | 71.5 | % | $ | 184,711 | $ | 73,626 | ||||||
RSUs |
15,856 | | | 15,856 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
1,399 | 71.5 | 1,000 | 399 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 275,592 | 185,711 | 89,881 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs |
(1,000 | ) | (399 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 184,711 | $ | 89,482 | ||||||||||
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group (1) |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 516,672 | 71.4 | % | $ | 368,966 | $ | 147,706 | ||||||
RSUs |
35,192 | | | 35,192 | ||||||||||
ARI Restricted Stock Awards and ARI RSUs |
421 | 71.4 | 300 | 121 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
1,321 | 71.4 | 943 | 378 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 553,606 | 370,209 | 183,397 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs, ARI Restricted Stock Awards and ARI RSUs |
(1,243 | ) | (499 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 368,966 | $ | 182,898 | ||||||||||
(1) | Calculated based on average ownership percentage for the period considering the Class A share issuance in March 2010. |
F-38
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group (1) |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 516,672 | 71.5 | % | $ | 369,011 | $ | 147,661 | ||||||
RSUs |
30,034 | | | 30,034 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
2,802 | 71.5 | 2,003 | 799 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 549,508 | 371,014 | 178,494 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs |
(2,003 | ) | (799 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 369,011 | $ | 177,695 | ||||||||||
(1) | Calculated based on average ownership percentage for the period considering Class A share repurchase in February 2009. |
12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
As a management company, the Company is responsible for paying for certain operating costs incurred by the funds that it manages as well as their affiliates. These costs are normally reimbursed by such funds and are included in due from affiliates.
Due from affiliates and due to affiliates are comprised of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Due from Affiliates: |
||||||
Management and advisory fees receivable from capital markets funds |
$ | 22,160 | $ | 25,904 | ||
Due from private equity funds |
28,041 | 17,120 | ||||
Due from capital markets funds |
10,895 | 12,574 | ||||
Due from portfolio companies |
67,994 | 62,379 | ||||
Due from real estate funds |
1,780 | | ||||
Due from Contributing Partners, employees and former employees |
12,273 | 12,134 | ||||
Other |
1,437 | 3,567 | ||||
Total Due From Affiliates |
$ | 144,580 | $ | 133,678 | ||
Due to Affiliates: |
||||||
Due to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement |
$ | 499,016 | $ | 514,044 | ||
Due to Managing Partners |
764 | 764 | ||||
Due to private equity funds |
42,739 | 32,046 | ||||
Due to capital markets funds |
| 314 | ||||
Other |
1,027 | 1,425 | ||||
Total Due To Affiliates |
$ | 543,546 | $ | 548,593 | ||
F-39
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Tax Receivable Agreement
Subject to certain restrictions, each of the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners has the right to exchange their vested AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares. Certain Apollo Operating Group entities have made an election under Section 754 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, as amended, which will result in an adjustment to the tax basis of the assets owned by Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. These exchanges will result in increases in tax deductions that will reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future. Additionally, the further acquisition of AOG Units from the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners also may result in increases in tax deductions and tax basis of assets that will further reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future.
APO Corp. entered into a tax receivable agreement with the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners that provides for the payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign income taxes that APO Corp. would realize as a result of the increases in tax basis of assets that resulted from the Reorganization. These payments are expected to occur approximately over the next 20 years.
In April 2010, the Company made a cash payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners amounting to $15.0 million resulting from a realized tax benefit for the 2009 tax year.
Special Allocation
In December 2009, the AMH partnership agreement was amended to provide for special allocations of income to APO Corp. and a reduction of income allocated to Holdings for the 2009 and 2010 calendar years. In connection with the amendment of the AMH partnership agreement in April of 2010, the tax receivable agreement was revised to reflect the managing partners agreement to defer 25% of required payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement that is attributable to the 2010 fiscal year for a period of four years. The amendment allows for a maximum allocation of income from Holdings of approximately $22.1 million in 2009 and reduces the income allocation to Holdings from 71.4% to 0% in 2010. The Company allocated $12.0 million of AMH income to APO Corp. for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010. The Company did not allocate any AMH income to APO Corp. for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.
Due from Contributing Partners, Employees and Former Employees
The Company has accrued a receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees and former employees for the potential return of carried interest income that would be due if the private equity funds were liquidated at the balance sheet date. Also see Due to Private Equity Funds.
Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program
Apollo has forgone a portion of management fee revenue that it would have been entitled to receive in cash and instead received profits interests and assigned these profits interests to employees and partners. The amount of management fees waived amounted to $7.3 million and $9.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $14.6 million and $18.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The related compensation expense was $7.3 million and $9.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $14.6 million and $18.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
F-40
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Dividends/Distributions
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of the Companys quarterly dividend are at the sole discretion of the Companys manager.
On January 8, 2009, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per Class A share, which was paid as of January 15, 2009. Of the $16.9 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $4.9 million was received by the Company, and the remaining $12.0 million was paid to the Companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
On May 27, 2010, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid as of June 15, 2010. Of the $23.5 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $6.7 million was received by the Company, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to the Companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
Due to Private Equity Funds
On June 30, 2008, the Company entered a credit agreement with Fund VI, pursuant to which Fund VI advanced $18.9 million of carried interest income to the limited partners of Apollo Advisors VI, L.P., who are also employees of the Company. The advance was otherwise distributable to the Company based on the partnership agreements between the Company and Fund VI and therefore results in an obligation to Fund VI and a receivable from the recipients of the advance. The loan obligation accrues interest at an annual fixed rate of 3.45% and terminates on the earlier of June 30, 2017 or the termination of Fund VI. As of June 30, 2010, the total outstanding loan aggregated $20.2 million, including accrued interest of $1.3 million, of which approximately $6.4 million was not subject to the indemnity discussed below and is receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees.
Assuming Fund VI liquidated on the balance sheet date, the Company has also accrued a liability to Fund VI of $13.1 million in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. Of this amount, approximately $3.6 million was not subject to the indemnity discussed below and is receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees of the Company. The total liability to Fund VI is $33.3 million, including the outstanding loan balance above, of which $10.0 million in total was receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees of the Company.
Indemnity
Carried interest income from certain funds that the Company manages can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, subject to certain limitations, the obligation of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular Managing Partners or Contributing Partners distributions. An existing shareholders agreement includes clauses that indemnify each of the Companys Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of certain funds that the Company manages (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
F-41
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Accordingly, in the event that the Companys Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made distributions, we will be obligated to reimburse the Companys Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the certain distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of June 30, 2010, the Company has indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.3 million due to Fund VI.
Litigation Settlement
On December 29, 2008, pursuant to the terms of a settlement agreement, the Company and certain of its affiliates paid Huntsman Corporation (Huntsman) $425 million. Of this amount, Apollo Management VI, L.P. paid $200 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities: Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Global Management, LLC; Apollo Management IV, L.P.; Apollo Advisors IV, L.P.; Apollo Management V, L.P.; and Apollo Advisors V, L.P. As a result, a $200 million litigation settlement is included within the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008. The remaining portion of the settlement was paid to Huntsman by Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., a portfolio company that is outside of the Companys consolidated structure and therefore not included in the Companys financial statements. Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc. paid Huntsman $225 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities comprising Apollo Funds IV and V: Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners IV, L.P.; Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners V, L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(A), L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(B), L.P.; and Apollo German Partners V GmbH & Co. KG. The impact of this $225 million payment resulted in a decrease of approximately $31 million of carried interest income allocated to the general partner of Fund V. The $425 million payment was in settlement of Huntsmans defamation claim against all of the foregoing entities. The Company subsequently received insurance proceeds of $37.5 million and $27.5 million from certain of its professional liability insurance carriers in respect of the litigation settlement. The $37.5 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. The $27.5 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010. There are no pending actions involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman transaction. Additionally, $15.0 million and $30.0 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.
Strategic Relationship Agreement
On April 20, 2010, the Company announced that it has entered into a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS. The new strategic relationship agreement provides that Apollo will reduce management and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds it manages, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit. The agreement further provides that Apollo will not use a placement agent in connection with securing any future capital commitments from CalPERS.
F-42
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Financial Guarantees Apollo has provided financial guarantees on behalf of certain employees for the benefit of unrelated third-party lenders, in connection with their capital commitment to certain funds managed by the Company. As of June 30, 2010, the maximum exposure relating to this financial guarantee approximated $4.9 million. Apollo has historically not incurred any liabilities as a result of these agreements and does not expect to in the future. Accordingly, no liability has been recorded in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
As the general partner of Apollo/Artus Investor 2007-I L.P. (Artus), the Company may be obligated for losses in excess of those allocable to the limited partners to the extent that there is negative equity in that fund. As of June 30, 2010, Artus did not have negative equity and accordingly, the Company has no current obligations to Artus. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, there were no investment losses.
Investment Commitments As a limited partner, general partner and manager of the Apollo private equity funds and capital markets funds, Apollo has unfunded capital commitments at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 of $149.5 million and $201.3 million, respectively.
Apollo has an ongoing obligation to acquire additional common units of AP Alternative Assets, L.P., on a quarterly basis, in an amount equal to 25% of the aggregate after-tax cash distributions, if any, that are made to its affiliates pursuant to the carried interest distribution rights that are applicable to investments made through AAA Investments, L.P.
Debt Covenants Apollos debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. As of the balance sheet date, the Company was not aware of any instances of noncompliance with any of these covenants.
Litigation and Contingencies The Company is from time to time, party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including claims and litigation, reviews, investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding the Companys business. Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, the Company is of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which it is a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial statements. Legal actions material to the Company could, however, arise in the future.
On or about March 21, 2009, an entity known as LLDVF, L.P., which alleges that it is an investor in certain notes with a face amount of $43,500,000 issued by Linens n Things, Inc., or Linens, commenced an action in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against, inter alia, Apollo Management V, L.P., two Apollo partners, certain Apollo investment entities relating to the Linens transaction, certain current and former officers and directors of Linens, and certain other investors in Linens, alleging violations of the Federal Securities Laws and the making of negligent misrepresentations respecting the financial condition and future prospects of Linens from at least March 27, 2007 until May 2, 2008, the date on which Linens filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On July 10, 2009, the plaintiff effectuated service of the summons and complaint on the defendants. As stipulated by the parties and ordered by the Court, on September 23, 2009 the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, which asserted the same causes of action as alleged in the original complaint. On November 23, 2009, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaint. On August 12, 2010, the Court granted the defendants motions and dismissed the complaint without prejudice and subsequently agreed to allow plaintiff, until September 30, 2010, to file a second amended
F-43
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
complaint in order to cure any deficiencies identified in the Courts rulings. Plaintiff filed its second amended complaint on September 30, 2010, and this most recently amended complaint asserts the same causes of action set forth in its first amended complaint, but no longer names the two Apollo partners as defendants. The parties have agreed to discuss, but have not finalized, a briefing schedule for the defendants expected motion to dismiss this second amended complaint. Currently, the Company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted defendants initial motions to dismiss plaintiffs first amended complaint without prejudice, and defendants anticipate moving to dismiss plaintiffs second amended complaint, filed on September 30, 2010, because defendants continue to believe the plaintiffs allegations lack factual and legal merit. In any event, the lawsuit is in its preliminary stages and no discovery has been taken. As a result, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
On July 16, 2008, Apollo was joined as a defendant in a pre-existing purported class action pending in Massachusetts federal court against, among other defendants, numerous private equity firms. The suit alleges that beginning in mid-2003, Apollo and the other private equity firm defendants violated the U.S. antitrust laws by forming bidding clubs or consortia that, among other things, rigged the bidding for control of various public corporations, restricted the supply of private equity financing, fixed the prices for target companies at artificially low levels and allocated amongst themselves an alleged market for private equity services in leveraged buyouts. The suit seeks class action certification, declaratory and injunctive relief, unspecified damages and attorneys fees. On August 27, 2008, Apollo and its co-defendants moved to dismiss plaintiffs complaint and on November 20, 2008, the Court granted the Companys motion. The Court also dismissed two other defendants, Permira and Merrill Lynch. In an order dated August 18, 2010, the Court granted in part and denied in part plaintiffs motion to expand the complaint and to obtain additional discovery. The Court ruled that plaintiffs could amend the complaint and obtain discovery in a second discovery phase limited to eight additional transactions. The Court gave the plaintiffs until September 17, 2010 to amend the complaint to include the additional eight transactions. On September 17, 2010, the plaintiffs filed a motion to amend the complaint by adding the additional eight transactions and adding Apollo as a defendant. On October 6, 2010, the Court granted plaintiffs motion to file the fourth amended complaint. Currently, the Company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted Apollos motion to dismiss plaintiffs initial complaint in 2008, and Apollo intends to file another well-supported motion to dismiss the fourth amended complaint, although no assurance can be given as to the motions outcome. Apollo also believes that regardless of whether its motion to dismiss is granted, plaintiffs claims and allegations lack factual and legal merit. In addition, discovery has not yet begun on the new transactions that plaintiffs propose to add to the litigation. For all of these reasons, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
Apollo believes that each of these actions is without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.
Various state attorneys general and federal and state agencies have initiated industry-wide investigations into the use of placement agents in connection with the solicitation of investments, particularly with respect to investments by public pension funds. Certain affiliates of Apollo have received subpoenas and other requests for information from various government regulatory agencies and investors in Apollos funds, seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. CalPERS, one of Apollos Strategic Investors, announced on October 14, 2009, that it had initiated a special review of placement agents and related issues. Apollo is cooperating with all such investigations and other reviews. In addition, on May 6, 2010, the California Attorney General filed a civil complaint against Alfred Villalobos and his company, Arvco Capital Research, LLC (a placement agent that Apollo has used) and Federico Buenrostro Jr., the former CEO of CalPERS, alleging conduct in violation of certain California laws in connection with CalPERSs purchase of securities in various funds managed by
F-44
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Apollo and another asset manager. Apollo is not a party to the civil lawsuit and the lawsuit does not allege any misconduct on the part of Apollo. Apollo believes that it has handled its use of placement agents in an appropriate manner.
Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, Apollo is of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which it is a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on its financial statements. Legal actions material to Apollo could, however, arise in the future.
Commitments Apollo leases office space and certain office equipment under various lease and sublease arrangements, which expire on various dates through 2022. As these leases expire, it can be expected that in the normal course of business, they will be renewed or replaced. Certain lease agreements contain renewal options, rent escalation provisions based on certain costs incurred by the landlord or other inducements provided by the landlord. Rent expense is accrued to recognize lease escalation provisions and inducements provided by the landlord, if any, on a straight-line basis over the lease term and renewal periods where applicable. Apollo has entered into various operating lease service agreements in respect of certain assets.
As of June 30, 2010, the approximate aggregate minimum future payments required for operating leases were as follows:
Remaining
2010 |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
Aggregate minimum future payments |
$ | 13,846 | $ | 23,193 | $ | 23,074 | $ | 22,623 | $ | 22,085 | $ | 51,442 | $ | 156,263 |
Expenses related to non-cancellable contractual obligations for premises, equipment, auto and other assets were $6.8 million and $9.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $14.0 million and $17.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Contingent Obligations Carried interest income in both private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative carried interest recognized in income to date. If all of the existing investments became worthless, the amount of cumulative revenues that has been recognized by Apollo through June 30, 2010 and that would be reversed approximates $615.6 million. Management views the possibility of all of the investments becoming worthless as remote. Carried interest is affected by changes in the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds that Apollo manages. Valuations, on an unrealized basis, can be significantly affected by a variety of external factors such as bond yields and industry trading multiples. Movements in these items can affect valuations quarter to quarter even if the underlying business fundamentals remain stable. The table below indicates the potential future reversal of carried interest income.
June 30, 2010 | |||
Fund IV |
$ | 97,500 | |
Fund V |
287,457 | ||
Fund VII |
153,646 | ||
COF I |
51,472 | ||
COF II |
25,507 | ||
Total |
$ | 615,582 | |
Note: | EPF has not incurred or paid carried interest as of June 30, 2010, and the Company has a $13.1 million liability in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. |
F-45
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Additionally, at the end of the life of certain funds that the Company manages, there could be a payment due to a fund by the Company if the Company as general partner has received more carried interest income than was ultimately earned. The current estimate of the general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed as of June 30, 2010 is $13.1 million, as discussed in Due to Private Equity Funds in note 12. The general partner obligation amount, if any, will depend on final realized values of investments at the end of the life of each fund.
Certain private equity and capital markets funds are not generating carried interest income due to unrealized and realized losses in the current and prior reporting periods. In certain cases, carried interest income will not be generated until additional unrealized and realized gains occur. Any appreciation would first cover the deductions for invested capital, unreturned organizational expenses, operating expenses, management fees and priority returns based on the terms of the respective fund agreements.
14. MARKET AND CREDIT RISK
In the normal course of business, Apollo encounters market and credit risk concentrations. Market risk reflects changes in the value of investments due to changes in interest rates, credit spreads or other market factors. Credit risk includes the risk of default on Apollos investments, where the counterparty is unable or unwilling to make required or expected payments.
The Company is subject to a concentration risk related to the investors in its funds. As of June 30, 2010, there were more than 800 limited partner investors in Apollos active private equity, capital markets and real estate funds, and no individual investor accounted for more than 10% of the committed capital to Apollos active funds.
Apollos derivative financial instruments contain credit risk to the extent that its counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. Apollo seeks to minimize this risk by limiting its counterparties to highly rated major financial institutions with good credit ratings. Management does not expect any material losses as a result of default by other parties.
Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions that exceed insured limits are invested in interest-bearing accounts with U.S. money center banks.
Apollo is exposed to economic risk concentrations insofar as Apollo is dependent on the ability of the funds that it manages to compensate it for the services the management companies provide to these funds. Further, the incentive income component of this compensation is based on the ability of such funds to generate returns above certain specified thresholds.
Additionally, Apollo is exposed to interest rate risk. Apollo has debt obligations that have variable rates. Interest rate changes may therefore affect the amount of interest payments, future earnings and cash flows. At June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, $933.0 million and $933.8 million of Apollos debt balance, excluding the debt obligations of the consolidated VIEs, had a variable interest, respectively. However, as of June 30, 2010, $267.0 million of the debt had been effectively converted to a fixed rate using interest rate swaps as discussed in note 7.
F-46
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
15. SEGMENT REPORTING
Apollo conducts its management and incentive businesses primarily in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically. These businesses are conducted through the following three reportable segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed debt instruments; and |
|
Real estate Apollo organized a commercial real estate finance company and launched a strategic investment account to invest principally in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. The Company may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
These business segments are differentiated based on the varying investment strategies. The performance is measured by management on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollos business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that excludes the effects of consolidation of any of the affiliated funds.
The Companys financial results vary, since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds that Apollo manages, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that the Company receives, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, the Company emphasizes long-term financial growth and profitability to manage its business.
The following tables present the financial data for Apollos reportable segments further separated between the management and incentive business as of June 30, 2010 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, which management believes is useful to the reader. The Companys management business has fairly stable revenues and expenses, while its incentive business is more event driven and can have significant fluctuations as it reflects the variable financial portion of the Companys business. The financial results of the management entities, as reflected in the management business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fees and expenses exclusive of profit sharing expense. The financial results of the advisory entities, as reflected in the incentive business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include carried interest income and profit sharing expenses.
Economic Net Income (Loss)
Economic Net Income (ENI) is a key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of Apollos private equity, capital markets and real estate segments, as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the Companys performance. Management also uses ENI in making key operating decisions such as the following:
|
Decisions related to the allocation of resources such as staffing decisions including hiring and locations for deployment of the new hires; |
|
Decisions related to capital deployment such as providing capital to facilitate growth for the business and/or to facilitate expansion into new businesses; and |
F-47
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
|
Decisions related to compensation expense, such as determining annual discretionary bonuses to its employees. As it relates to compensation, management seeks to align the interests of certain professionals and selected other individuals who have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to the funds, with those of the investors in such funds and those of the Companys shareholders. To achieve that objective, a certain amount of compensation is based on the Companys performance and growth for the year. |
ENI is a measure of profitability and has certain limitations in that it does not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. ENI represents segment income (loss) attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC, which excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Certain amounts in 2009 have been reclassified to conform with the 2010 presentation, as specified in the footnotes to the tables impacted.
The following tables present the financial data for Apollos reportable segments as of June 30, 2010 and for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively:
As of and for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | 2,520 | $ | | $ | 26,844 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | 39,443 | 1,568 | 106,112 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest loss from affiliates |
(39,629 | ) | (14,047 | ) | | (53,676 | ) | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
49,796 | 27,916 | 1,568 | 79,280 | ||||||||||||
Expenses |
37,203 | 35,900 | 7,919 | 81,022 | ||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
29,560 | (5,190 | ) | 265 | 24,635 | |||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 42,153 | $ | (13,174 | ) | $ | (6,086 | ) | $ | 22,893 | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,073,317 | $ | 936,621 | $ | 16,920 | $ | 2,026,858 | ||||||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2010:
As of and for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 79,280 | $ | | $ | 79,280 | ||||||
Expenses |
81,022 | 281,088 | (1) | 362,110 | ||||||||
Other income (loss) |
24,635 | (31,220 | ) (2) | (6,585 | ) | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 22,893 | (3) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 2,026,858 | $ | 2,947,190 | (4) | $ | 4,974,048 | |||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-48
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (11,005 | ) | |
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(19,432 | ) | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(785 | ) | ||
Interest income |
2 | |||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | (31,220 | ) | |
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 22,893 | ||
Income tax provision |
(12,727 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(7,261 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
203,274 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(279,960 | ) | ||
Net loss of Metals Trading Fund |
(1,343 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated VIEs. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
F-49
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively:
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | | $ | 24,324 | $ | 2,520 | $ | | $ | 2,520 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | | 65,101 | 39,443 | | 39,443 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses |
| (83,700 | ) | (83,700 | ) | | (33,532 | ) | (33,532 | ) | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 44,071 | 44,071 | 10,240 | 9,245 | 19,485 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
89,425 | (39,629 | ) | 49,796 | 52,203 | (24,287 | ) | 27,916 | |||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
30,303 | (19,053 | ) | 11,250 | 23,860 | (7,199 | ) | 16,661 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
25,953 | | 25,953 | 19,239 | | 19,239 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
56,256 | (19,053 | ) | 37,203 | 43,099 | (7,199 | ) | 35,900 | |||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
28,039 | 1,521 | 29,560 | (2,479 | ) | (2,711 | ) | (5,190 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 61,208 | $ | (19,055 | ) | $ | 42,153 | $ | 6,625 | $ | (19,799 | ) | $ | (13,174 | ) | ||||||||
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,568 | | 1,568 | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,568 | | 1,568 | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
6,126 | | 6,126 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
1,793 | | 1,793 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
7,919 | | 7,919 | ||||||||
Other Income |
2 | 263 | 265 | ||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (6,349 | ) | $ | 263 | $ | (6,086 | ) | |||
F-50
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 6,349 | $ | 1,078 | $ | | $ | 7,427 | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
63,155 | 31,287 | | 94,442 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
27,641 | 12,199 | | 39,840 | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
97,145 | 44,564 | | 141,709 | |||||||||
Expenses |
72,704 | 37,601 | 4,249 | 114,554 | |||||||||
Other Income |
56,934 | 55,261 | 1,163 | 113,358 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 81,375 | $ | 62,224 | $ | (3,086 | ) | $ | 140,513 | ||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
|||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 141,709 | $ | | $ | 141,709 | |||||
Expenses |
114,554 | 276,403 | (1) | 390,957 | |||||||
Other income |
113,358 | 258,584 | (2) | 371,942 | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 140,513 | (3) | N/A | N/A | ||||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 268,443 | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(9,866 | ) | ||
Interest income |
8 | |||
Other loss |
(1 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 258,584 | ||
F-51
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 140,513 | ||
Income tax provision |
(945 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(762 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
98,108 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(275,592 | ) | ||
Net income of Metals Trading Fund |
1,303 | |||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (37,375 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the three months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 6,349 | $ | | $ | 6,349 | $ | 1,078 | $ | | $ | 1,078 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
63,155 | | 63,155 | 31,287 | | 31,287 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 20,713 | 20,713 | | 99 | 99 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 6,928 | 6,928 | 12,100 | | 12,100 | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
69,504 | 27,641 | 97,145 | 44,465 | 99 | 44,564 | ||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
33,337 | 12,043 | 45,380 | 18,799 | | 18,799 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses |
27,324 | | 27,324 | 18,802 | | 18,802 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
60,661 | 12,043 | 72,704 | 37,601 | | 37,601 | ||||||||||||
Other Income |
38,633 | 18,301 | 56,934 | 19,901 | 35,360 | 55,261 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 47,476 | $ | 33,899 | $ | 81,375 | $ | 26,765 | $ | 35,459 | $ | 62,224 | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from Apollo Investment Corporation, a publicly traded business development company that is managed by Apollo, of $12.1 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.1 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
F-52
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
| | | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
2,876 | | 2,876 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
1,373 | | 1,373 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
4,249 | | 4,249 | ||||||||
Other Income |
1,163 | | 1,163 | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (3,086 | ) | $ | | $ | (3,086 | ) | |||
As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | 5,814 | $ | | $ | 37,913 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | 77,251 | 3,215 | 209,916 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
30,316 | 24,729 | | 55,045 | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
191,865 | 107,794 | 3,215 | 302,874 | ||||||||||
Expenses |
139,402 | 82,416 | 13,289 | 235,107 | ||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
36,263 | (4,215 | ) | 194 | 32,242 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 88,726 | $ | 21,163 | $ | (9,880 | ) | $ | 100,009 | |||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,073,317 | $ | 936,621 | $ | 16,920 | $ | 2,026,858 | ||||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
|||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 302,874 | $ | | $ | 302,874 | |||||
Expenses |
235,107 | 555,493 | (1) | 790,600 | |||||||
Other income |
32,242 | 96,945 | (2) | 129,187 | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 100,009 | (3) | N/A | N/A | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 2,026,858 | $ | 2,947,190 | (4) | $ | 4,974,048 | ||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs, as well as expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-53
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 100,716 | ||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(265 | ) | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(3,508 | ) | ||
Interest income |
2 | |||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 96,945 | ||
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 100,009 | ||
Income tax provision |
(16,782 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(9,767 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
346,913 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(553,606 | ) | ||
Net loss of Metals Trading Fund |
(2,573 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (135,806 | ) | |
* | Excludes the Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated VIEs. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
F-54
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | | $ | 32,099 | $ | 5,814 | $ | | $ | 5,814 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | | 129,450 | 77,251 | | 77,251 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses |
| (26,187 | ) | (26,187 | ) | | (45,811 | ) | (45,811 | ) | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 56,503 | 56,503 | 22,340 | 48,200 | 70,540 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
161,549 | 30,316 | 191,865 | 105,405 | 2,389 | 107,794 | |||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
63,495 | 21,015 | 84,510 | 46,761 | (5,806 | ) | 40,955 | ||||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
54,892 | | 54,892 | 41,461 | | 41,461 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
118,387 | 21,015 | 139,402 | 88,222 | (5,806 | ) | 82,416 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
27,176 | 9,087 | 36,263 | (4,684 | ) | 469 | (4,215 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 70,338 | $ | 18,388 | $ | 88,726 | $ | 12,499 | $ | 8,664 | $ | 21,163 | |||||||||||
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
3,215 | | 3,215 | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
3,215 | | 3,215 | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
9,803 | | 9,803 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
3,486 | | 3,486 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
13,289 | | 13,289 | ||||||||
Other Income |
74 | 120 | 194 | ||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (10,000 | ) | $ | 120 | $ | (9,880 | ) | |||
F-55
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table presents the financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 13,754 | $ | 2,144 | $ | | $ | 15,898 | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
127,328 | 62,210 | | 189,538 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
67,466 | 25,532 | | 92,998 | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
208,548 | 89,886 | | 298,434 | |||||||||
Expenses |
144,431 | 72,935 | 8,132 | 225,498 | |||||||||
Other Income |
66,145 | 26,865 | 1,150 | 94,160 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 130,262 | $ | 43,816 | $ | (6,982 | ) | $ | 167,096 | ||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
|||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 298,434 | $ | | $ | 298,434 | |||||
Expenses |
225,498 | 551,227 | (1) | 776,725 | |||||||
Other income |
94,160 | 118,087 | (2) | 212,247 | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 167,096 | (3) | N/A | N/A | ||||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 122,803 | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(4,725 | ) | ||
Interest income |
10 | |||
Other loss |
(1 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 118,087 | ||
F-56
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 167,096 | ||
Income tax provision |
(7,116 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(1,521 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
276,767 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(549,508 | ) | ||
Net income of Metals Trading Fund |
728 | |||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (113,554 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 13,754 | $ | | $ | 13,754 | $ | 2,144 | $ | | $ | 2,144 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
127,328 | | 127,328 | 62,210 | | 62,210 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 34,629 | 34,629 | | 747 | 747 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 32,837 | 32,837 | 24,785 | | 24,785 | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
141,082 | 67,466 | 208,548 | 89,139 | 747 | 89,886 | ||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
63,765 | 27,638 | 91,403 | 37,578 | | 37,578 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses |
53,028 | | 53,028 | 35,357 | | 35,357 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
116,793 | 27,638 | 144,431 | 72,935 | | 72,935 | ||||||||||||
Other Income |
55,641 | 10,504 | 66,145 | 19,245 | 7,620 | 26,865 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 79,930 | $ | 50,332 | $ | 130,262 | $ | 35,449 | $ | 8,367 | $ | 43,816 | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from Apollo Investment Corporation, a publicly traded business development company that is managed by Apollo, of $24.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $4.3 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
F-57
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
| | | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
5,728 | | 5,728 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
2,404 | | 2,404 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
8,132 | | 8,132 | ||||||||
Other Income |
1,150 | | 1,150 | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (6,982 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,982 | ) | |||
The following table presents total assets for Apollos reportable segments, and reconciles the segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2009:
As of December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments |
Condensed
Consolidated |
||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,062,043 | $ | 981,390 | $ | 13,852 | $ | 2,057,285 | $ | 1,327,912 | (a) | $ | 3,385,197 |
(a) | Represents the addition of assets of AAA and Commodities Trading Fund. |
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The transaction is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2010.
Subsequent to June 30, 2010, the Company made a strategic decision to wind down the activities of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. The Company recovered its remaining investment and there was no further impact to net income after the funds closing.
On July 9, 2010, July 23, 2010 and September 30, 2010, the Company issued 1,539,680 Class A shares, 31,250 Class A shares and 11,405 Class A shares, respectively, in settlement of vested RSUs. The issuances caused the Companys ownership of the Apollo Operating Group to increase to 29.0% from 28.6%. As Holdings did not participate in this Class A issuance, its ownership interest decreased to 71.0% from 71.4%.
The Board of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA approved the commencement of an offer to purchase for cash up to 4,545,454 common units or RDUs (Units) for a maximum aggregate consideration of up to $25 million (the Tender Offer). The Tender Offer dated July 12, 2010 was announced on July 12, 2010 and
F-58
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
remained open until August 11, 2010. Under the terms of the Tender Offer, Units were able to be tendered to AAA by unitholders or RDU holders at a price range between $5.50 and $7.00 per Unit. As of August 11, 2010, 6,777,308 Units had been tendered by the unitholders and RDU holders. Under the terms of the Tender Offer, the price payable per Unit was determined to be $7.00. Due to the fact that the Units tendered exceeded the $25 million maximum amount payable by AAA pursuant to the Tender Offer (the Maximum Amount), AAA had the right to pro-rate the number of Units it purchased from unitholders at the $7.00 price so that the Maximum Amount would not be exceeded. However, at a meeting on August 12, 2010 of the Board of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA, which had been convened to consider the outcome of the Tender Offer, the Board of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA resolved, in accordance with the provisions of the Tender Offer, to increase the Maximum Amount to a level where all Units tendered in the Tender Offer would be accepted. The Maximum Amount was therefore increased to $47.4 million and AAA determined to buy back 6,777,308 Units pursuant to the Tender Offer. The Units acquired in the Tender Offer were cancelled.
Pursuant to an on-market buyback program approved through December 31, 2010 by the Boards of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA and the Managing Investment Partner of AAA, subsequent to June 30, 2010, through July 11, 2010, AAA purchased 17,452 units at an average price of $6.03 per unit for total consideration of $0.1 million. The remaining maximum aggregate consideration of $24.2 million for the On-Market Buyback Program represents 4.0 million units based on the closing price at June 30, 2010. AAA intends to continue monitoring the trading performance of AAA in the market and may, from time to time, seek to purchase units either directly or through one or more affiliates, when market conditions permit. The On-Market Buyback Program was suspended on July 12, 2010 due to the Tender Offer.
On August 2, 2010, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid as of August 25, 2010. Of the $23.7 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $6.9 million was received by the Company, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to the Companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
On September 30, 2010, the committee that administers the Companys 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan approved grants of RSUs to certain company personnel totaling approximately 0.9 million RSUs.
F-59
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Apollo Global Management, LLC
New York, New York
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Apollo Global Management, LLC and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated and combined statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity and partners capital, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated and combined financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Apollo Global Management, LLC and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated and combined financial statements, on January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Boards authoritative guidance related to Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated financial statements and retrospectively adjusted all periods presented in the consolidated and combined financial statements for the changes required by this statement.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
March 17, 2010
F-60
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
DECEMBER 31, 2009 AND 2008
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 366,226 | $ | 381,367 | ||||
Restricted cash |
6,818 | 5,844 | ||||||
Investments |
1,554,155 | 958,645 | ||||||
Carried interest receivable |
483,854 | 77,085 | ||||||
Due from affiliates |
133,678 | 145,179 | ||||||
Fixed assets, net |
67,794 | 68,063 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
644,395 | 669,023 | ||||||
Other assets |
11,329 | 39,701 | ||||||
Goodwill |
47,897 | 47,897 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
69,051 | 81,728 | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 35,944 | $ | 48,891 | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
30,388 | 35,017 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
321,424 | 364,901 | ||||||
Due to affiliates |
548,593 | 591,022 | ||||||
Profit sharing payable |
174,536 | 30,076 | ||||||
Debt |
933,834 | 1,026,005 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
41,368 | 52,835 | ||||||
Total Liabilities |
2,086,087 | 2,148,747 | ||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (See Note 14) |
||||||||
Shareholders Equity: |
||||||||
Class A shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 95,624,541 and 97,324,541 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively |
| | ||||||
Class B shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 1 share issued and outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008 |
| | ||||||
Additional paid in capital |
1,729,593 | 1,384,143 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(2,029,541 | ) | (1,874,365 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(4,088 | ) | (6,836 | ) | ||||
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
(304,036 | ) | (497,058 | ) | ||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
1,283,262 | 822,843 | ||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
319,884 | | ||||||
Total Shareholders Equity |
1,299,110 | 325,785 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-61
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
406,257 | 384,247 | 192,934 | |||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 294,725 | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
966,728 | (266,705 | ) | 637,850 | ||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
1,495,010 | 843,600 | 1,450,330 | |||||||||
Interest expense |
50,252 | 62,622 | 105,968 | |||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | 240,000 | |||||||||
Professional fees |
33,889 | 76,450 | 81,824 | |||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| 200,000 | | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
61,066 | 71,789 | 36,618 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
1,706,505 | 1,348,769 | 1,962,727 | |||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities |
510,935 | (1,269,100 | ) | 2,279,263 | ||||||||
Gains from repurchase of debt |
36,193 | | | |||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | 238,609 | |||||||||
Interest income ($0, $0 and $11,268 from affiliates for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively) |
1,450 | 19,368 | 52,500 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 1,722 | ||||||||
Other income (loss) |
41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | |||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
673,101 | (1,311,694 | ) | 2,572,058 | ||||||||
(Loss) income before income tax (provision) benefit |
(66,676 | ) | (2,927,168 | ) | 1,247,181 | |||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | |||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(95,390 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | 1,240,455 | |||||||
Net (income) loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities |
(460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | |||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
400,440 | 801,799 | 278,549 | |||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||
Dividends declared per Class A Share |
$ | 0.05 | $ | 0.56 | $ | | ||||||
July 13, 2007
through December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A Share: |
||||||||||||
Net Loss Available to Class A Shareholders |
$ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (962,107 | ) | |||
Net Loss Per Class A ShareBasic and Diluted |
$ | (1.62 | ) | $ | (9.37 | ) | $ | (11.71 | ) | |||
Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares Basic and Diluted |
95,815,500 | 97,324,541 | 82,152,883 | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-62
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARTNERS CAPITAL
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Class A
Shares |
Class B
Shares |
Additional
Paid-in Capital |
Retained
Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)* |
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Total Apollo
Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
Non-Controlling
Interests in consolidated entities |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Total
Shareholders Equity and Partners Capital |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
| | $ | | $ | 484,921 | $ | | $ | 484,921 | $ | 9,847,069 | $ | | $ | 10,331,990 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | (1,239,409 | ) | | (1,239,409 | ) | (2,305,243 | ) | | (3,544,652 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | | (68,392 | ) | | (68,392 | ) | (2,762 | ) | | (71,154 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | | 2,535 | | 2,535 | 1,969,865 | | 1,972,400 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | 19,486 | | 19,486 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions of RDUs |
| | | | | | 15,341 | | 15,341 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners |
| | | (222,047 | ) | | (222,047 | ) | | | (222,047 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests transfer from feeder funds |
| | | | | | 286,672 | | 286,672 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 392,456 | | 392,456 | 2,053,536 | | 2,445,992 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $0 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | 2,860 | 2,860 | | | 2,860 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
| | | 392,456 | 2,860 | 395,316 | 2,053,536 | | 2,448,852 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at July 12, 2007 |
| | | (649,936 | ) | 2,860 | (647,076 | ) | 11,883,964 | | 11,236,888 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassify predecessor partners deficit |
| | (649,936 | ) | 649,936 | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of Partners Capital |
| | | | | | | 237,353 | 237,353 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer to co-investor |
| | | | | | 23,533 | | 23,533 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Beneficial conversion feature |
| | 240,000 | | | 240,000 | | | 240,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | (9,341 | ) | | | (9,341 | ) | (424,540 | ) | | (433,881 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash contributions |
| | | | | | 202,128 | | 202,128 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | 1,488 | | 1,488 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profit interests in funds |
| | | | | | (1,625 | ) | (1,000 | ) | (2,625 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners |
| | (1,067,862 | ) | | | (1,067,862 | ) | | | (1,067,862 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Deconsolidation of the funds |
| | | | | | (9,535,711 | ) | | (9,535,711 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests of excluded assets |
| | | | | | (121,021 | ) | | (121,021 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of Strategic Investors debt |
60,000,001 | | 1,200,000 | | | 1,200,000 | | | 1,200,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares |
37,324,540 | 1 | 816,391 | | | 816,391 | | | 816,391 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dilution impact of conversion and issuance of shares |
| | (237,353 | ) | | | (237,353 | ) | | | (237,353 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax effects resulting from acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units |
| | 92,330 | | | 92,330 | | | 92,330 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 679,954 | | | 679,954 | | 306,026 | 985,980 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (962,107 | ) | | (962,107 | ) | 35,119 | (278,549 | ) | (1,205,537 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $0 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | (8,893 | ) | (8,893 | ) | | (14,879 | ) | (23,772 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (962,107 | ) | (8,893 | ) | (971,000 | ) | 35,119 | (293,428 | ) | (1,229,309 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
97,324,541 | 1 | 1,064,183 | (962,107 | ) | (6,033 | ) | 96,043 | 2,063,335 | 248,951 | 2,408,329 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | 20 | | | 20 | 73 | 343 | 436 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | 468 | | 468 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions of RDUs |
| | | | | | 21,195 | | 21,195 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 373,903 | | | 373,903 | | 736,314 | 1,110,217 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (54,928 | ) | | | (54,928 | ) | | (134,400 | ) | (189,328 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | | | (62,164 | ) | (14,400 | ) | (76,564 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | | | | | (941 | ) | | (941 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions to Managing Partners |
| | (17,849 | ) | | | (17,849 | ) | | | (17,849 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions to Managing Partners |
| | (14,145 | ) | | | (14,145 | ) | | | (14,145 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dilution impact of distributions |
| | 21,312 | | | 21,312 | | (21,312 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of RDUs from Non-Controlling Interests |
| | | | | | (23,007 | ) | | (23,007 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Contribution of undistributed earnings of contributed businesses |
| | 11,647 | | | 11,647 | | | 11,647 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (912,258 | ) | | (912,258 | ) | (1,176,116 | ) | (801,799 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $4,751 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | (803 | ) | (803 | ) | | (13,697 | ) | (14,500 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss |
| | $ | | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (803 | ) | $ | (913,061 | ) | $ | (1,176,116 | ) | $ | (815,496 | ) | $ | (2,904,673 | ) | ||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-63
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARTNERS CAPITAL
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Class A
Shares |
Class B
Shares |
Additional
Paid-in Capital |
Retained
Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)* |
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Total Apollo
Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
Non-Controlling
Interests in consolidated entities |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Total
Shareholders Equity and Partners Capital |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
97,324,541 | 1 | $ | 1,384,143 | $ | (1,874,365 | ) | $ | (6,836 | ) | $ | (497,058 | ) | $ | 822,843 | $ | | $ | 325,785 | ||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | | | | | 207 | | 207 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | (105 | ) | | | (105 | ) | 4,301 | | 4,196 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 355,659 | | |
|
355,659 |
|
| 738,431 | 1,094,090 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (4,866 | ) | | | (4,866 | ) | | (12,000 | ) | (16,866 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | |
|
|
|
(12,387 | ) | (17,950 | ) | (30,337 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | (4,572 | ) | | |
|
(4,572 |
) |
4,273 | | (299 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (3,799 | ) | | |
|
(3,799 |
) |
3,799 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
| | 6,618 | | |
|
6,618 |
|
| | 6,618 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
(1,700,000 | ) | | (3,485 | ) | | |
|
(3,485 |
) |
| | (3,485 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive (loss) income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (155,176 | ) | | (155,176 | ) | 460,226 | (400,440 | ) | (95,390 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $1,992 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | 2,748 | 2,748 | | 11,843 | 14,591 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (155,176 | ) | 2,748 | (152,428 | ) | 460,226 | (388,597 | ) | (80,799 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 200 9 |
95,624,541 | 1 | $ | 1,729,593 | $ | (2,029,541 | ) | $ | (4,088 | ) | $ | (304,036 | ) | $ | 1,283,262 | $ | 319,884 | $ | 1,299,110 | ||||||||||||||
* | Balances pre-Reorganization represent Apollo Operating Group. |
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-64
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (95,390 | ) | $ | (2,890,173 | ) | $ | 1,240,455 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation |
11,622 | 8,180 | 3,216 | |||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
28 | 20 | 430 | |||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
12,677 | 13,919 | 4,653 | |||||||||
(Income) loss from equity method investments |
(83,113 | ) | 57,353 | (1,722 | ) | |||||||
(Income) loss related to general partner commitment |
(38,444 | ) | 38,444 | | ||||||||
Waived management fees |
(19,738 | ) | (35,692 | ) | (27,922 | ) | ||||||
Non-cash compensation expense related to waived management fees |
19,738 | 35,352 | 21,582 | |||||||||
Deferred taxes, net |
19,059 | (44,047 | ) | (866 | ) | |||||||
Equity-based compensation |
1,100,106 | 1,125,184 | 989,849 | |||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | 240,000 | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of fixed assets |
847 | 1,697 | | |||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
(36,193 | ) | | | ||||||||
Other |
(584 | ) | (12 | ) | 308 | |||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Carried interest receivable |
(406,769 | ) | 1,239,040 | (203,140 | ) | |||||||
Due from affiliates |
11,681 | (80,076 | ) | (40,270 | ) | |||||||
Other assets |
28,928 | (6,177 | ) | 25,952 | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(8,189 | ) | 6,567 | 102,841 | ||||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
(4,027 | ) | (34,488 | ) | 19,941 | |||||||
Deferred revenue |
(45,279 | ) | 211,001 | (702 | ) | |||||||
Due to affiliates |
(4,284 | ) | (207,949 | ) | 15,115 | |||||||
Profit sharing payable |
144,460 | (566,800 | ) | 174,777 | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
7,267 | 3,323 | (6,974 | ) | ||||||||
Apollo funds related: |
||||||||||||
Net realized gains from investment activities |
| | (1,013,220 | ) | ||||||||
Net unrealized (gains) losses from investment activities |
(471,907 | ) | 1,230,656 | (1,266,043 | ) | |||||||
Non-cash dividends from investment activities |
| | (62,161 | ) | ||||||||
Cash relinquished with deconsolidation of funds |
| | (142,161 | ) | ||||||||
Net purchases of investments |
(40,000 | ) | (3,098 | ) | (3,010,514 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of investments and liquidating dividends |
5,497 | 50,847 | 3,792,317 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
107,993 | 153,071 | 855,741 | |||||||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Purchases of fixed assets |
(15,849 | ) | (57,302 | ) | (6,856 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from disposals of fixed assets |
| 4,189 | | |||||||||
Cash contributions to equity method investments |
(42,522 | ) | (165,011 | ) | (9,211 | ) | ||||||
Cash distributions from equity method investments |
42,475 | 34,148 | 326 | |||||||||
Cash relinquished related to excluded assets |
| | (16,001 | ) | ||||||||
Change in restricted cash |
(974 | ) | (2,482 | ) | 2,629 | |||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (16,870 | ) | $ | (186,458 | ) | $ | (29,113 | ) | |||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-65
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Principal repayments on debt and repurchase of debt |
$ | (55,783 | ) | $ | (58,611 | ) | $ | (21,376 | ) | |||
Proceeds from credit agreement |
| 26,855 | 1,000,000 | |||||||||
Issuance of debt |
| | 1,200,000 | |||||||||
Debt issuance costs |
| (141 | ) | (13,096 | ) | |||||||
Net proceeds from issuance of shares |
| | 818,891 | |||||||||
Public offering costs |
| (2,500 | ) | | ||||||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
(3,485 | ) | | | ||||||||
Dividends paid |
(4,866 | ) | (54,928 | ) | | |||||||
Dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(12,000 | ) | (134,400 | ) | | |||||||
Purchase of RDUs from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| (23,007 | ) | | ||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners |
| (17,849 | ) | (1,209,785 | ) | |||||||
Distributions to Contributing Partners |
| | (38,965 | ) | ||||||||
Contributions from Managing Partners |
| 20 | 2,440 | |||||||||
Contributions from Contributing Partners |
| | 95 | |||||||||
Distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(12,387 | ) | (62,164 | ) | (2,731,108 | ) | ||||||
Distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(17,950 | ) | (14,400 | ) | | |||||||
Withdrawals paid to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (227,744 | ) | ||||||||
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
207 | 73 | 2,171,993 | |||||||||
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
| 343 | | |||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners related to the Reorganization |
| | (1,067,862 | ) | ||||||||
Purchase of interests from Contributing Partners |
| (7,590 | ) | (156,405 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(106,264 | ) | (348,299 | ) | (272,922 | ) | ||||||
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents |
(15,141 | ) | (381,686 | ) | 553,706 | |||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period |
381,367 | 763,053 | 209,347 | |||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period |
$ | 366,226 | $ | 381,367 | $ | 763,053 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |
||||||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 51,850 | $ | 63,443 | $ | 95,606 | ||||||
Income taxes paid |
6,652 | 14,837 | 5,443 | |||||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions from equity method investments |
| 1,040 | | |||||||||
Profits interests received in Fund VII |
1,510 | 340 | | |||||||||
Change in accrual for purchase of fixed assets |
3,649 | (4,649 | ) | | ||||||||
Non-cash contribution to equity method investments |
1,802 | | | |||||||||
Net assets other than cash of deconsolidated funds |
||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
| | 10,457,695 | |||||||||
Other |
| | (1,044,992 | ) | ||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | (9,554,871 | ) | ||||||||
Net assets other than cash of excluded assets on July 13, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
| | 116,758 | |||||||||
Other |
| | (12,192 | ) | ||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | (121,021 | ) | ||||||||
Assets and liabilities of newly consolidated subsidiaries |
| | 20,994 | |||||||||
Net assets other than cash transferred from feeder fund |
||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
| | 378,457 | |||||||||
Receivables from brokers and counterparties |
| | 42,967 | |||||||||
Other assets |
| | 4,871 | |||||||||
Withdrawals payables |
| | (120,509 | ) | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
| | (19,114 | ) | ||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | (286,672 | ) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-66
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Financing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions of RDUs to Managing Partners |
$ | | $ | (12,697 | ) | $ | (10,272 | ) | ||||
Non-cash distributions of RDUs to Contributing Partners |
| | (5,069 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Managing Partners |
| | (16,418 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Contributing Partners |
| | (8,375 | ) | ||||||||
Other non-cash distributions to Managing Partners |
| (1,448 | ) | | ||||||||
Non-cash purchase of interest from Contributing Partners |
| (252 | ) | | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
(4,572 | ) | | (3,667 | ) | |||||||
Non-cash distributions to co-investor |
| | (24,591 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group related to equity-based compensation |
738,431 | 736,387 | 306,026 | |||||||||
Capital increases related to equity-based compensation |
355,659 | 373,903 | 679,954 | |||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
(6,618 | ) | | | ||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
3,799 | | | |||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps |
4,741 | (5,555 | ) | (6,033 | ) | |||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, net of taxes |
11,843 | (13,697 | ) | (14,879 | ) | |||||||
Deferred tax asset related to interest rate swaps |
(1,993 | ) | 4,752 | | ||||||||
Dilution impact of distributions |
| 21,312 | | |||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (1,625 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
| | (1,000 | ) | ||||||||
Contribution of undistributed earnings of contributed businesses |
| 11,647 | | |||||||||
Non-cash contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
4,301 | 468 | 59,952 | |||||||||
Non-cash contributions from AP Professional Interest holders |
| | 291,146 | |||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
105 | | | |||||||||
Non-cash distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
|
(4,273 |
) |
(941 | ) | (1,324 | ) | |||||
Carried interest payable to Managing Partners |
| | (238,416 | ) | ||||||||
Transfer of partners capital to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
| | 237,353 | |||||||||
Accrued transaction costs for S-1 Filing |
| | (2,500 | ) | ||||||||
Conversion of Strategic Investors notes to equity |
| | 1,440,000 | |||||||||
Adjustments related to exchange of Managing Partners and Contributing Partners limited partnership interests for Apollo Operating Group units and tax receivable agreement: |
||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets |
| | 612,660 | |||||||||
Due to affiliates |
| | (520,330 | ) | ||||||||
Additional paid in capital |
| | (92,330 | ) | ||||||||
Partners capital |
| | (4,033 | ) | ||||||||
Profit sharing payable |
| | (46,318 | ) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-67
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Apollo Global Management, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries (Successor or the Company or Apollo), is a global alternative asset manager whose predecessor was founded in 1990. Its primary business is to raise, invest and manage private equity, capital markets and real estate funds on behalf of pension and endowment funds as well as other institutional and individual investors. For these investment and management services, Apollo receives management fees generally related to the amount of assets managed, transaction and advisory fees for the investments made and carried interest income related to the performance of the funds managed. Apollo has three primary business segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed instruments; and |
|
Real estate Apollo recently organized a commercial real estate finance company and launched a vehicle to invest principally in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities . The Company may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
Basis of Presentation
Prior to the Reorganization of the Company on July 3, 2007 as discussed below, the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements include the entities engaged in the above businesses and their related funds (collectively, Predecessor or Operating Entities or the Partnership) under the common ownership of Leon Black, Joshua Harris, and Marc Rowan (the Managing Partners or Control Group). Subsequent to the Reorganization of the Company, the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements include the accounts of Apollo excluding funds that were deconsolidated (see Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds below). The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Reorganization of the Company
The Company was formed as a Delaware limited liability company on July 3, 2007. The Company is managed and operated by its manager, AGM Management, LLC, which in turn is wholly owned and controlled by the Managing Partners.
Apollos business was historically conducted through a large number of entities for which there was no single holding entity but were separately owned by the Managing Partners and other individuals (collectively as the Predecessor Owners) yet controlled by the Managing Partners. In order to facilitate the private placement, as described in further detail below, the Predecessor Owners completed a Reorganization as of the close of business on July 13, 2007 (the Reorganization) whereby, except for Apollo Advisors, L.P. (Apollo Advisors) and Apollo Advisors II, L.P. (Apollo Advisors II), each of the operating entities that was owned by the Predecessor Owners and the intellectual property rights associated with the Apollo name were contributed (Contributed Businesses) to five newly-formed holding partnerships (Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (AMH) and Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. Five additional holding partnerships were formed in 2008 (Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo
F-68
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.). The ten holding partnerships (collectively referred to as the Apollo Operating Group) were formed for the purpose of, among other activities, holding certain of the Companys gains and losses on their principal investments in the funds.
As of December 31, 2009, the Company owned, through three intermediate holding companies APO Corp. (APO Corp), a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, APO Asset Co., LLC (APO Asset), a Delaware limited liability company that is a disregarded entity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and APO (FC), LLC (APO (FC)), an Anguilla limited liability company that is treated as a corporation for U.S Federal income tax purposes (collectively, the Intermediate Holding Companies), 28.5% of the economic interests of, and operates and controls all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group as general partners.
AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (Holdings), is the entity through which the Managing Partners and other contributing partners (the Contributing Partners) hold Apollo Operating Group Units (AOG Units) representing 71.5% of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. The Company consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as a Non-Controlling Interest in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements.
On July 13, 2007, the Company contributed to APO Corp and APO Asset $1.2 billion of proceeds from the sale of convertible securities to the California Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS) and an affiliate of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA and, together with CalPERS, the Strategic Investors). APO Corp and APO Asset used proceeds from the sale of the convertible securities to purchase from the Managing Partners for $1.1 billion certain interests in the limited partnerships that operate the business, and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group, in return for approximately 17.4% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. In addition, APO Corp and APO Asset purchased from the Contributing Partners a portion of their interests in subsidiaries of the Apollo Operating Group for an aggregate purchase price of $156.4 million (excluding any potential contingent consideration) and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group in return for approximately 2.6% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, on August 8, 2007 and September 5, 2007, Apollo issued 34,500,000 Class A shares and 2,824,541 Class A shares, respectively, which diluted the Non-Controlling Interests by 8.9%. The purchase agreement related to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners interests also included a provision for contingent consideration.
In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution was made to the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners related to a contingent consideration of $29.9 million and $7.8 million, respectively. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, the general partner of AMH. Included in the distribution were Restricted Depositary Units (RDUs) of AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA) valued at approximately $12.7 million for the Managing Partners combined with a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of interests with respect to units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners, respectively.
The Reorganization was accounted for as an exchange of entities under common control for the interests in the Contributed Businesses, which were contributed by the Managing Partners. The acquisition of
F-69
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Non-Controlling Interests from the Contributing Partners was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. As part of the Reorganization and in accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company has recorded the dilution impact at the time of the reorganization and Class A share issuance. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, consolidated equity is allocated to Non-Controlling Interest based on the initial ownership percentage of the Non-Controlling Interest compared to the consolidated equity at the time of the private placement on August 8, 2007. A dilution impact of $237,353 was recorded in the consolidated and combined statements of changes in shareholders (deficit) equity and partners capital (deficit) and was computed based on the initial Non-Controlling Interest ownership of 71.1% multiplied by the consolidated equity balance on August 8, 2007, the date of the private placement discussed below. Therefore, subsequent to the Reorganization and Private Placement the Non-Controlling Interest of the Apollo Operating Group consisted of Holdings.
Although Apollo has less than 50% of the economics in the Apollo Operating Group, it has a majority voting interest and controls the management of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, although Holdings has a majority of the economics in the Apollo Operating Group, it does not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick-out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of control by Apollo. Accordingly, Apollo consolidates the Apollo Operating Group and records the Non-Controlling Interests for the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group directly held by Holdings.
Apollo also entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings that allows the partners in Holdings, subject to the vesting and minimum retained ownership requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group, to exchange their AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares on a one-for-one basis up to four times each year, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for splits, unit distributions and reclassifications. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the ten Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share.
As of December 31, 2008, all undistributed earnings of the Contributed Businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners for the sold portion of their interest were distributed.
Private Placement On August 8, 2007, Apollo completed a private placement in reliance upon Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Private Placement) of its Class A shares. Upon the completion of the Private Placement, Qualified Institutional Buyers and Accredited Investors, each as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission rules, directly owned 37,324,540 Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC. The completion of the Private Placement triggered the conversion of the convertible securities and issuance of 60,000,001 non-voting Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC to CalPERS and ADIA. The Company retained the proceeds from the Private Placement and intends to use such proceeds for general business purposes.
Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, a number of the funds were historically consolidated into Apollos combined financial statements.
Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Contributed Businesses that act as a general partner of a majority of the consolidated funds granted rights to the unaffiliated investors in each respective fund to provide that a simple majority of such funds unaffiliated investors have the right, without cause, to liquidate that fund in accordance with certain procedures. These rights were granted in order to achieve the deconsolidation of such funds from the
F-70
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Companys financial statements. For the Apollo funds previously consolidated, these rights became effective either on August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The deconsolidation of these funds presents the Companys financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and its related risks. Accordingly, the Company believes that deconsolidating these funds provides investors with a better understanding of its business. The results of the deconsolidated funds are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements through the date of deconsolidation. Apollo will continue to consolidate AAA.
As the Managing Partners held more than 50% of the voting ownership interest of each of the respective entities and written evidence of an agreement exists that requires the Managing Partners to vote in concert, the Company and Apollo Advisors and Apollo Advisors II (Advisor Entities) were under a common control group as defined by U.S. GAAP. As a result, the Advisor Entities are combined for the historical periods prior to the effective date of the Reorganization in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Advisor Entities consolidated their respective funds. The Advisor Entities assets were excluded on July 12, 2007 as they were not sold to the Company as part of the Reorganization (see Reorganization of the Company above). As such, they are not presented in the consolidated and combined financial statements subsequent to the Reorganization date.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Accounting The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. On July 1, 2009, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (the Codification) as the source of authoritative accounting principles in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP. On the effective date of codification, substantially all existing accounting and reporting standards were superseded, and therefore, are no longer referenced by title in the accompanying notes to the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Principles of Consolidation Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or through other means, including those funds in which the general partner is presumed to have control over them. Apollo also consolidates entities that are variable interest entities (VIEs) for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Equity Method For entities over which the Company exercises significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation, the Company uses the equity method of accounting, whereby the Company records its share of the underlying income or loss of these entities. Income (loss) from equity method investments are recognized as part of other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Apollo evaluates its equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such investments may not be recoverable. The difference between the carrying value of the equity method investments and the estimated fair value of such investments is recognized as an impairment when the loss is deemed other than temporary.
Non-Controlling Interests For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than Apollo. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by the Company is included in Non-Controlling Interests in the
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
consolidated and combined financial statements. Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Non-Controlling Interests relating to Apollo Global Management, LLC primarily include the 71.5% ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group held by the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their partnership interests in Holdings and the approximate 97% ownership interest held by limited partners in AAA. In the Predecessors combined financial statements, the Non-Controlling Interests primarily include limited partner interests in the consolidated funds.
In December 2007, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated financial statements. This guidance requires reporting entities to present Non-Controlling (minority) Interests as equity (as opposed to a liability or mezzanine equity) and provides guidance on the accounting for transactions between an entity and Non-Controlling Interests. This guidance applies prospectively as of January 1, 2009, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements, which are applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2009 and as a result, (1) Non-Controlling Interest was reclassified as a separate component of Shareholders Equity on the Companys consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) Net (loss) income was adjusted to include the net (loss) income attributed to the Non-Controlling Interest holders on the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in AAA from the interests of the Company and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interest holders exceeded their basis, the Company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interest holders account and recorded the losses in the excess of basis as part of accumulated deficit.
Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated and combined financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated and combined financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated and combined financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Apollos most significant estimates include goodwill, intangible assets, income taxes, carried interest income from affiliates, non-cash compensation and fair value of investments in the consolidated and unconsolidated funds. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Revenues Revenues are reported in three separate categories that include (i) management fees from affiliates, which are based on committed capital, invested capital, net asset value, gross assets or as otherwise defined in the respective agreements; (ii) advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, which relate to the investments the funds make and may include individual monitoring agreements with the portfolio companies and debt investment vehicles of the private equity funds and capital markets funds; and (iii) carried interest income (loss) from affiliates, which is normally based on the performance of the funds subject to preferred return.
Management Fees from Affiliates Management fees for private equity funds, real estate funds and certain capital markets funds are recognized in the period during which the related services are performed in accordance with the contractual terms of the related agreement. Management fees for private equity funds and certain capital markets funds are based upon a percentage of the capital committed during the commitment period, and thereafter based on the remaining invested capital of unrealized investments. For most capital markets funds, management fees are recognized in the period during which the related services are performed and are based upon net asset value, gross assets or as otherwise defined in the respective agreements.
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(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees are recognized when the underlying services rendered are substantially completed in accordance with the terms of their transaction and advisory agreements. Additionally, during the normal course of business, the Company incurs certain costs related to private equity fund transactions that are not consummated (Broken Deal Costs). Refer to the Pending Deal Costs policy below for information regarding how and when the Company accounts for Broken Deal Costs.
As a result of providing advisory services to private equity and capital markets portfolio companies, Apollo is entitled to receive fees for transactions related to the acquisition and disposition of portfolio companies as well as ongoing monitoring of portfolio company operations. The amounts due from portfolio companies are included in Due from Affiliates, which is discussed further in note 13. Under the terms of the limited partnership agreements for certain funds, the management fee payable by the funds is subject to a reduction of a certain percentage of such transaction fees, net of applicable broken deal costs (Management Fee Offset). Such amounts are presented as a reduction to Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Carried Interest Income (Loss) from Affiliates Apollo is entitled to an incentive return that can normally amount to as much as approximately 20% of the total returns on funds capital, depending upon performance. Performance-based fees are assessed as a percentage of the investment performance of the funds. The carried interest income from affiliates for any period is based upon an assumed liquidation of the funds net assets on the reporting date, and distribution of the net proceeds in accordance with the funds income allocation provisions. The net carried interest income that was distributed may be subject to repayment based on subsequent performance of the fund in accordance with the respective partnership agreements. Carried interest receivable is presented separately in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition.
Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program Under the terms of certain investment fund partnership agreements, Apollo may from time to time elect to forgo a portion of the management fee revenue that is due from the funds and instead receive a right to a proportionate interest in future distributions of profits of those funds. Waived fees recognized during the period are included in management fees from affiliates in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. This election allows certain employees of Apollo to waive a portion of their respective share of future income from Apollo and receive, in lieu of a cash distribution, title and ownership of the profits interests in the respective fund. Apollo immediately assigns the profits interests received to its employees. Such assignments of profits interests are treated as compensation and benefits when assigned. Prior to the Reorganization, the profits interests assigned to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners were treated as asset distributions to Non-Controlling Interests and are recorded as Non-Cash Distributions of Profits Interests in funds.
Deferred Revenue Apollo earns management fees subject to the Management Fee Offset. When advisory and transaction fees are earned by the management company the Management Fee Offset reduces the management fee obligation of the fund. When the management company receives cash for advisory and transaction fees, a certain percentage as agreed to with the fund is allocated as a credit to reduce future management fees, otherwise payable by such fund. Such credit is classified as deferred revenue in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. As the management fees earned by the management company are presented on a gross basis, any Management Fee Offsets calculated are presented as a reduction to advisory and transaction fees in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
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(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Additionally, Apollo earns advisory fees pursuant to the terms of the advisory agreements with certain of the portfolio companies that are owned by the funds. When Apollo receives a payment from a portfolio company that exceeds the advisory fees earned at that point in time, the excess payment is classified as deferred revenue in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. The advisory agreements with the portfolio companies vary in duration and the associated fees are received monthly, quarterly or annually. Deferred revenue is reversed and recognized as revenue over the period that the agreed upon services are performed.
Under the terms of the funds partnership agreements, Apollo is normally required to bear organizational expenses over a set dollar amount and placement costs in connection with the offering and sale of interests in private equity and capital markets funds to investors. The placement fees are payable to placement agents, who are independent third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering and marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors, when a limited partner either commits or funds a commitment to a fund. In certain instances the placement fees are paid over a period of time. Based on the management agreements with the funds, Apollo considers placement fees and organization costs paid in determining if cash has been received in excess of the management fees earned. Placement fees and organization costs are normally the obligation of Apollo but can be paid for by the funds. When these costs are paid by the fund, the resulting obligations are included within deferred revenue. The deferred revenue balance will also be reduced during future periods when management fees are earned but not paid.
Interest and Dividend Income and Other Income Apollo recognizes security transactions on the trade date. Dividend income is recognized on the ex-dividend date, and interest income is recognized as earned on an accrual basis. Discounts and premiums on securities purchased are accreted or amortized over the life of the respective securities using the effective interest method. Realized gains and losses are recorded based on the specific identification method.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Apollo considers all highly liquid short term investments with original maturities of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions that exceed insured limits are invested in interest-bearing accounts.
Restricted Cash Restricted cash represents cash deposited at a bank, which is pledged as collateral in connection with leased premises.
Due from/to Affiliates Apollo considers its existing partners, employees, former employees, non-consolidated private equity funds, non-consolidated capital markets funds, real estate funds, private equity fund portfolio companies, certain real estate management companies and certain advisors to be affiliates or related parties.
Investments The Companys investments in the Apollo funds that are not consolidated are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The funds are, for U.S. GAAP purposes, investment companies and therefore apply specialized accounting principles, and reflect their underlying investments on their respective statements of financial condition at an estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of other income (loss) in their respective statements of operations. Realized and unrealized gains have a significant impact on the Companys results of operations as it has retained the specialized accounting for the funds.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The Company follows U.S. GAAP attributable to fair value measurements, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
Level I Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The type of investments included in Level I include listed equities and listed derivatives. As required by U.S. GAAP, the Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where the Company holds a large position and the sale of such position would likely deviate from the quoted price.
Level II Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives.
Level III Pricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Investments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partner interests in corporate private equity and real estate funds, mezzanine funds, funds of hedge funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and collateralized debt obligations.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investments level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Companys assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment.
Private Equity Investments
The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic), is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the last sales price on the date of determination.
Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of investments that are less liquid include the income approach and the market approach. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology used in the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are assumptions of expected results and a calculated discount rate. The market approach provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry. The market approach is driven more by current market conditions of actual trading levels of similar companies and actual transaction data of similar companies. Consideration may also be given to such factors as the companys historical and projected financial data, valuations given to comparable companies, the size and scope of the companys operations, the companys strengths, weaknesses, expectations relating to the markets receptivity to an offering of the companys securities, applicable restrictions on transfer, industry information and assumptions, general economic and market conditions and other factors deemed relevant. As part of managements process, the Company utilizes a valuation committee to review and approve
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(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
the valuations. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had an active market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
Capital Markets Investments
The majority of the investments in Apollos capital markets funds are valued by the funds based on quoted market prices. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. The capital markets funds also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of this period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the credit default contract and the original contract price.
Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. When determining fair value pricing when no market value exists, the value attributed to an investment is based on the enterprise value at the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid investments included in Apollos capital markets funds also may use the income approach or market approach. The valuation approaches used will consider as applicable market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
U.S. GAAP guidance requires the disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
Except for the debt obligation related to the AMH credit agreement, Apollos financial instruments are recorded at fair value or at amounts whose carrying value approximates fair value. See the Companys valuation policy for Investments above. While Apollos valuations of portfolio investments are based on assumptions that Apollo believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the actual realized gains or losses will depend on, among other factors, future operating results, the value of the assets and market conditions at the time of disposition, any related transaction costs and the timing and manner of sale, all of which may ultimately differ significantly from the assumptions on which the valuations were based. Other financial instruments carrying values generally approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments or variable interest rates related to the borrowings. As disclosed in note 10, our long term debt obligation related to the AMH credit agreement is believed to have an estimated fair value of approximately $762.8 million based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. However, the carrying value that is recorded on the consolidated and combined statement of financial condition is the amount for which we expect to settle the long term debt obligation.
Interest Rate Swap Agreements In accordance with U.S. GAAP, Apollo recognizes derivatives as either an asset or liability measured at fair value. In order to reduce interest rate risk, Apollo entered into interest rate
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
swap agreements which were formally designated as cash flow hedges. To qualify for cash flow hedge accounting, interest rate swaps must meet certain criteria, including (a) the items to be hedged expose Apollo to interest rate risk and (b) the interest rate swaps are highly effective in reducing Apollos exposure to interest rate risk. Apollo formally documents at inception its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, its risk management objectives, its strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and Apollos evaluation of effectiveness. Effectiveness is periodically assessed based upon a comparison of the relative changes in the cash flows of the interest rate swaps and the items being hedged.
For derivatives that have been formally designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (OCI). Amounts in OCI are reclassified into earnings when interest expense on the underlying borrowings is recognized. If, at any time, the swaps are determined to be ineffective, in whole or in part, due to changes in the interest rate swap or underlying debt agreements, the fair value of the portion of the interest rate swap determined to be ineffective will be recognized as a gain or loss in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Pending Deal Costs Pending deal costs consist of certain costs incurred (e.g. research costs) related to private equity fund transactions that we are pursuing but which have not yet been consummated. These costs are deferred until such transactions are broken or successfully completed. A transaction is determined to be broken upon managements decision to no longer pursue the transaction. In accordance with the related fund agreements, in the event the deal is broken, all of the costs are reimbursed by the funds and considered in the calculation of the Management Fee Offset. These offsets are included in Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates in the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations. If a deal is successfully completed, Apollo is reimbursed by the fund or a funds portfolio company for all costs incurred.
Fixed Assets Fixed Assets consist primarily of ownership interests in aircraft, leasehold improvements, furniture, fixtures and equipment, computer hardware and software and are recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful lives. Aircraft engine overhauls are capitalized and depreciated until the next expected overhaul. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment periodically and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amounts of the assets may be impaired.
Business Combinations The Company accounts for acquisitions using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The purchase price of the acquisition is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed using the fair values determined by management as of the acquisition date. The consolidated and combined financial statements of the Company for the periods presented do not reflect any business combinations. However, the acquisitions of Non-Controlling Interests described in Notes 1 and 3 are accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets U.S. GAAP does not permit the amortization of goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets. Goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets must be reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. Identifiable finite-life intangible assets, by contrast, are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which are periodically re-evaluated for impairment or when circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred in. Apollo amortizes its identifiable finite-life intangible assets using the straight-line method. At June 30, 2009, the Company performed its annual impairment testing and determined there was no impairment at such time.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Profit Sharing Payable Profit sharing payable represents the amounts payable to employees and former employees who are entitled to a proportionate share of carried interest income in one or more funds. The liability is calculated based upon the changes to realized and unrealized carried interest and is therefore not payable until the carried interest itself is realized.
Debt Issuance Costs Debt issuance costs consist of costs incurred in obtaining financing and are amortized over the term of the financing using the effective interest method. These costs are included in Other Assets on the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition.
Foreign Currency Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are sometimes held. Such assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period. The functional currency of the Companys international subsidiaries is the U.S. Dollar, as their operations are considered an extension of U.S. parent operations. Non-monetary assets and liabilities of the Companys international subsidiaries are remeasured into the functional currency using historical exchange rates specific to each asset and liability. The results of the Companys foreign operations are normally remeasured using an average exchange rate for the respective reporting period. All currency remeasurement adjustments are included within other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. Gains and losses on the settlement of foreign currency transactions are also included within other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Compensation and Benefits Compensation and benefits includes salaries, bonuses, severance and employee benefits, but excludes payments made to the Managing Partners prior to the Reorganization of the Company. Individuals who owned direct equity interests and participated in the governing process are considered partners. As a result, the distributions made to these individuals prior to July 13, 2007 are considered equity distributions that are presented within the consolidated and combined statement of changes in shareholders equity and partners capital within the captions of Cash distributions to Managing Partners and Non-cash distributions to Managing Partners.
Bonuses are accrued over the service period. From time to time, the Company may distribute profit interests received in lieu of management fees. Profits interests in funds received as a result of waived management fees, which are considered compensation, are granted to the investment professionals. Additionally, certain employees have arrangements whereby they are entitled to receive a percentage of carried interest income based on the funds performance. To the extent that individuals are entitled to a percentage of the carried interest income, and such entitlement is subject to potential forfeiture at inception, such arrangements are accounted for as profit sharing plans, and compensation expense is recognized as the related carried interest income is recognized. Profit sharing expense can be reversed during periods when there is a decline in carried interest income that was previously recognized.
The Company sponsors a 401(k) Savings Plan whereby U.S. based employees are entitled to participate in the plan based upon certain eligibility requirements. The Company may provide discretionary contributions from time to time. No contributions relating to this plan were made by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
Equity-based Compensation Equity-based compensation is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires that the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments generally be measured based on the grant date fair value of the award. Equity-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Equity-based employee awards that require future service are expensed over the relevant service period. The Company estimates forfeitures for equity-based awards that are not expected to vest.
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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Comprehensive Income (Loss) U.S. GAAP guidance establishes standards for reporting comprehensive income and its components in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. U.S. GAAP requires that the Company classify items of OCI by their nature in the financial statements and display the accumulated balance of OCI separately in the shareholders equity section of the Companys consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and OCI. Apollos OCI is primarily comprised of the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements discussed above. If, at any time, any of the Companys subsidiaries functional currency becomes non-U.S. dollar denominated, the Company will record foreign currency cumulative translation adjustments in OCI.
Income Taxes Apollo has historically operated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and primarily corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As a result, prior to the Reorganization, income was not subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by these entities represent obligations of the individual partners and members and have not been reflected in the historical consolidated and combined financial statements. Income taxes shown on the historical consolidated and combined statements of operations are attributable to the New York City unincorporated business tax and income taxes on certain entities located in non-U.S. jurisdictions.
Following the Reorganization, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries continue to operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases continue to be subject to New York City unincorporated business tax, or in the case of non-U.S. entities, to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, is subject to U.S. corporate Federal income tax, and the Companys provision for income taxes is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
As significant judgment is required in determining tax expense and in evaluating tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties, we recognize the tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is more likely than not to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. The tax benefit is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If a tax position is not considered more likely than not to be sustained then no benefits of the position are to be recognized. We review and evaluate the Companys tax positions quarterly and determine whether or not we have uncertain tax positions that require financial statement recognition.
Deferred income taxes are provided for the effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.
Net Loss Per Class A Share The Company computes net loss per Class A share under the two class method in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Basic net loss per Class A share is computed by dividing net loss available to Class A shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per Class A share reflects the assumed conversion of all dilutive securities, if any. Prior to the Reorganization, Apollos business was conducted through a large number of entities as to which there was no single holding entity but which were separately owned by its then existing partners. There was no single capital structure upon which to calculate historical earnings per share information. Accordingly, earnings per share information is not presented for historical periods prior to the Reorganization. The Class B share has no net loss per share as it does not participate in Apollos earnings or distributions.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB issued new guidance for accounting for transfers of financial assets, which amends the derecognition guidance and eliminates the exemption from consolidation for qualifying special-purpose entities (QSPEs). Consequently, a transferor will need to evaluate all existing QSPEs to determine whether they must now be consolidated in accordance with the new guidance on consolidations (see below). This new guidance is effective for financial asset transfers occurring after January 1, 2010 and early adoption is prohibited. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In June 2009, the FASB amended the consolidation guidance applicable to VIEs. The amended guidance will significantly affect the overall consolidation analysis as it modifies the approach for identifying which entities are VIEs and for determining which party is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. In particular, the amended guidance requires continuous assessment of the reporting entitys involvement with VIEs and identifies the primary beneficiary as the party that has: (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entitys economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb the losses that could potentially be significant to the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The amended guidance also enhances the disclosure requirements for a reporting entitys involvement with VIEs, irrespective of whether they qualify for deferral, as noted below. This amended guidance will be effective as of the beginning of the first annual period that begins after November 15, 2009, and for interim periods within that first annual reporting period. In February 2010, the FASB issued further guidance which provided a limited scope deferral for a reporting entitys interest in an entity that met all of the following conditions: (a) the entity has all the attributes of an investment company or for which it is industry practice to apply measurement principles for financial reporting purposes that are consistent with those followed by investment companies, (b) the reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity, and (c) the entity is not a securitization entity, asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special-purpose entity. The reporting entity is required to perform a consolidation analysis for entities that qualify for the deferral in accordance with previously issued guidance on VIEs. The effective date of the deferral guidance coincides with the effective date of the amended consolidation guidance. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact that this guidance might have on its consolidated and combined financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures relating to investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value (NAV) per share (or its equivalent). The guidance permits, as a practical expedient, an entity holding investments in certain entities that either are investment companies or have attributes similar to an investment company, and calculate net asset value per share or its equivalent for which the fair value is not readily determinable, to measure the fair value of such investments on the basis of that NAV per share, or its equivalent, without adjustment. The guidance also requires disclosure of the attributes of investments within the scope of the guidance by major category of investment. Such disclosures include but are not limited to the nature of any restrictions on an investors ability to redeem its investments at the measurement date and the investment strategies of the investee. Additional guidance is provided on the classification of investments for which NAV is used to measure fair value within the fair value hierarchy. If an entity has the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at the measurement date or within the near term, the fair value measurement of the investment shall be categorized as a Level II fair value measurement. If an entity does not know when it will have the ability to redeem its investment or cannot do so in the near term, the fair value measurement of the investment shall be categorized as a Level III fair value measurement. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods ending after December 15, 2009. The Company adopted this
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
guidance with additional disclosure requirements presented in note 4 of its consolidated and combined financial statements. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued additional implementation guidance on accounting for uncertain tax positions for pass-through entities and tax-exempt not-for-profit entities. In particular, this guidance pertains to determining whether income tax paid by an entity is attributable to the entity or its owners, determining what constitutes a tax position for a pass-through or tax-exempt not-for-profit entity, and determining how to apply accounting for uncertainty in income taxes when a group of related entities comprise both taxable and nontaxable entities. Additionally, the guidance eliminates certain disclosure requirements for non-public entities. This guidance is effective for periods ending after September 15, 2009. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In January 2010, the FASB issued new guidance applicable to disclosures about fair value measurements. This guidance adds new requirements for disclosures about transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements relating to Level 3 measurements. It also clarifies existing fair value disclosures about the level of disaggregation and about inputs and valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This guidance is effective for the first reporting period beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the requirement to provide the Level 3 activity of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements on a gross basis, which will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In February 2010, the FASB amended its guidance on subsequent events to remove the requirement for SEC filers to disclose the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events. This change alleviates potential conflicts with current SEC guidance. The amended guidance also clarifies that an entity that is a conduit bond obligor for conduit debt securities that are traded in a public market (a domestic or foreign stock exchange or an over-the-counter market, including local or regional markets) must evaluate subsequent events through the date of issuance of its financial statements and must disclose such date. There is no change to the guidance for all other entities, who will continue to be required to evaluate subsequent events through the date the financial statements are available to be issued, and must disclose such date. For entities, other than conduit bond obligors, the provisions of this guidance are effective upon issuance. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
3. ACQUISITION OF NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
Pursuant to the Reorganization and the Private Placement described in note 1, the Company acquired interests in the predecessor businesses from the Predecessor Owners. These interests were acquired, in part, through an exchange of Holdings units (Units) and, in part, through the payment of cash.
This Reorganization has been accounted for partially as a transfer of interests under common control and, as an acquisition of Non-Controlling Interests in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The cash paid for the interests acquired from members of the Control Group has been charged to equity. Cash payments related to the acquisition of interests outside of the Control Group have been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.
F-81
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The total consideration paid to the Contributing Partners including contingent consideration of $7.8 million paid in January and April 2008, aggregated to $164.2 million. The excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the tangible assets acquired approximates $148.2 million and has been included in the captions Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition as of December 31, 2009 and 2008.
The finite-life intangible assets related to (i) trade names, (ii) the contractual right to receive future fee income from management and advisory services and (iii) the contractual right to earn future carried interest income from the private equity and capital markets funds. These finite-life intangible assets were estimated to be $100.3 million. The residual amount representing the purchase price in excess of fair value of the tangible and intangible assets is $47.9 million and has been recorded as Goodwill.
The Company has performed an analysis and an evaluation of the excess of the cost over the net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company has determined the following estimated fair values for the acquired assets and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition.
Purchase price |
$ | 164,246 | |
Net assets acquired, at fair value |
$ | 16,049 | |
Trade names/contractual rights |
100,300 | ||
Total |
116,349 | ||
Goodwill |
47,897 | ||
Purchase price allocation |
$ | 164,246 | |
The estimated useful lives of the finite-life intangibles range between 2 and 20 years. The Company is amortizing these finite-life intangibles over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. The average useful life of the finite-life intangibles is approximately 10 years.
Useful Life in
Years |
December 31, | |||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||
Trade names |
20 | $ | 400 | $ | 400 | |||||
Existing contractual relationshipsCapital Markets |
14 | 42,700 | 42,700 | |||||||
Existing contractual relationshipsPrivate Equity |
215 | 57,200 | 57,200 | |||||||
Total identifiable intangible asset fair values |
100,300 | 100,300 | ||||||||
Less: Accumulated amortization of intangibles |
(31,249 | ) | (18,572 | ) | ||||||
Total |
$ | 69,051 | $ | 81,728 | ||||||
Amortization expense related to the intangible assets was $12.7 million, $13.9 million and $4.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Expected amortization of intangible assets for each of the next 5 years and thereafter is as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
There-
after |
Total | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
$ | 12,345 | $ | 11,516 | $ | 10,167 | $ | 6,604 | $ | 3,677 | $ | 24,742 | $ | 69,051 |
F-82
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
4. INVESTMENTS
The following table represents Apollos investments:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Investments, at fair value |
$ | 1,364,973 | $ | 854,442 | ||
Other investments |
189,182 | 104,203 | ||||
Total investments |
$ | 1,554,155 | $ | 958,645 | ||
Investments at Fair Value
Investments, at fair value, consist primarily of financial instruments held by AAA and Apollo Commodities Trading Fund, L.P. (Commodities Trading Fund). As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the net assets of the consolidated funds were $1,364.6 million and $850.8 million, respectively. The following investments are presented as a percentage of net assets of the consolidated funds:
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Fund |
||||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Cost |
Private
Equity |
Cost | |||||||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
|||||||||||||||||||||
AAA |
$ | 1,324,939 | $ | | $ | 1,753,985 | 97.1 | % | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,755,361 | 100.4 | % | |||||||
Commodities Trading Fund |
| 40,034 | 40,000 | 2.9 | % | | |
|
|
||||||||||||
Total investments |
$ | 1,324,939 | $ | 40,034 | $ | 1,793,985 | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,755,361 | |||||||||||
Securities
At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the sole investment of AAA was its investment in AAA Investments, L.P. (AAA Investments). The following tables represents each investment of AAA Investments constituting more than 5% of the net assets of the consolidated funds:
December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost | Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 144,111 | $ | 184,575 | 13.5 | % | ||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 164,813 | 158,597 | 11.6 | |||||||
AP Investment Europe Limited |
Investment Fund | 339,488 | 135,473 | 9.9 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. |
Equity | 165,625 | 126,000 | 9.2 | |||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 103,081 | 111,152 | 8.1 | |||||||
Apollo Life Re Ltd. |
Equity | 98,002 | 87,900 | 6.4 | |||||||
AP Charter Holdings, L.P. |
Equity | 45,107 | 82,955 | 6.1 | |||||||
Rexnord Corporation |
Equity | 37,461 | 82,700 | 6.1 |
F-83
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
In addition to AAA Investments private equity co-investment in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. (Harrahs), as shown in the table above, AAA Investments has an ownership interest in LeverageSource, L.P., which owns Harrahs debt. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is valued at $129.4 million at December 31, 2009. AAA Investments also owns equity, as a private equity co-investment, and debt, through its investment in Autumnleaf, L.P. and Apollo Fund VI BC, L.P. in CEVA Logistics. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is greater than 5% of net assets of consolidated funds and is valued at $97.8 million at December 31, 2009.
December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost | Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Fund |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 321,244 | $ | 270,251 | 31.8 | % | ||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 218,000 | 182,101 | 21.4 | |||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 104,994 | 94,982 | 11.2 | |||||||
LeverageSource, L.P. |
Equity | 177,974 | 90,656 | 10.7 | |||||||
Rexnord Corporation |
Equity | 37,461 | 90,400 | 10.6 | |||||||
AP Investment Europe Limited |
Investment Fund | 339,488 | 74,289 | 8.7 | |||||||
Prestige Cruise Holdings |
Equity | 100,019 | 72,045 | 8.5 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. |
Equity | 165,625 | 56,900 | 6.7 | |||||||
CEVA Logistics |
Equity | 17,174 | 53,367 | 6.3 | |||||||
NCL Corporation |
Equity | 98,906 | 50,400 | 5.9 | |||||||
Smart and Final, Inc |
Equity | 32,750 | 49,800 | 5.9 |
The Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. primarily invests in the securities of leveraged companies in North America and Europe through three core strategies: distressed investments, value-driven investments and special opportunities. In connection with the redemptions requested by AAA Investments of its investment in Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. the remainder of the AAA Investments investment in the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. was converted into liquidating shares issued by the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd.s existing investments and liabilities as of the date of issuance. As those investments are sold, the liquidating shares proportionate share of the net proceeds from such disposition, less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred by the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. and applicable management fees and performance allocation, is distributed to the holders of such liquidating shares rather than being reinvested in the fund.
AP Investment Europe Limited (Apollo Investment Europe) invests in mezzanine, debt and equity investments of both public and private companies primarily located in Europe. The fund generates current income and capital appreciation through its flexible investment strategy which is intended to capture opportunities across the capital structure. Due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, Apollo Investment Europes investment performance was adversely impacted, and on July 10, 2009, the companys shareholders approved a monetization plan, the primary objective of which is to maximize shareholder recovery value by (i) opportunistically selling Apollo Investment Europes assets over a three-year period beginning in July 2009 to July 2012 (subject to a one-year extension with the consent of a majority of Apollo Investment Europes shareholders) and (ii) reducing the overall costs of the fund. Subject to compliance with the applicable law and
F-84
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
maintaining adequate liquidity, available cash received from the sale of assets will be returned to shareholders on a quarterly basis once all leverage in the fund is repaid. Substantially all of Apollo Investment Europes leverage was repaid during 2009.
The Apollo Asia Opportunity Fund, Ltd. (Asia Opportunity Fund) is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns across market cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities created by the increasing demand for capital in the rapidly expanding Asian markets. In connection with a redemption requested by the AAA Investments of its investment in Asia Opportunity Fund, a portion of AAA Investments investment was converted into liquidating shares issued by the Asia Opportunity Fund. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of the Asia Opportunity Funds existing investments and liabilities as of the date of issuance. As those investments are sold the liquidating shares proportionate share of the net proceeds from such disposition, less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred or reserves set by the Asia Opportunity Fund and applicable management fees and performance allocation, is distributed to the holders of such liquidating shares rather than being reinvested in the fund. At December 31, 2009, the liquidating shares had a fair value of $49.9 million. As part of the reorganization of the Asia Opportunity Fund, AAA Investments agreed to make a matching one year lock-up election for every dollar of capital owned by other investors that elect the additional one year lock-up. As a result, $5.0 million of AAA Investments investment in Asia Opportunity Fund is subject to an additional one year lock-up that expires March 31, 2010.
The Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. invests primarily in European non-performing loans, or NPLs. Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. seeks to capitalize on the inefficiencies of financial institutions in managing and restructuring their non-performing loans. The investment in the Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. has a life of five years plus two one-year extensions from December 22, 2009, the final closing of the fund. Distributed capital can be recalled for an 18-month recycle period. As of December 31, 2009, AAA Investments had an unfunded commitment to Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. of $210.7 million.
F-85
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities
Net gains (losses) from Investment Activities on the consolidated and combined statements of operations includes net realized gains from sales of investments, and the net change in net unrealized gains (losses) resulting from changes in fair value of the consolidated investments and realization of previously unrealized gains (losses). The following table presents Apollos net gains (losses) from investment activities:
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Realized gains on sales of investments |
$ | 584 | $ | | $ | 584 | ||||||
Change in net unrealized gains due to changes in fair value |
471,873 | 38,478 | 510,351 | |||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 472,457 | $ | 38,478 | $ | 510,935 | ||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Change in unrealized losses due to changes in fair value |
$ | (1,230,656 | ) | $ | (38,444 | ) | $ | (1,269,100 | ) | |||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (1,230,656 | ) | $ | (38,444 | ) | $ | (1,269,100 | ) | |||
Year Ended December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net realized gains on sales of investments |
$ | 948,856 | $ | 64,364 | $ | 1,013,220 | ||||||
Change in net unrealized gains from realization due to sale of investments |
(996,666 | ) | (32,859 | ) | (1,029,525 | ) | ||||||
Change in net unrealized gains due to changes in fair value |
2,290,782 | 4,786 | 2,295,568 | |||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 2,242,972 | $ | 36,291 | $ | 2,279,263 | ||||||
F-86
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other Investments
Other Investments consists of investments in equity method investees. Apollos share of operating income (loss) generated by these investments is recorded as other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Income (loss) from equity method investments for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 consisted of the following:
For the Years Ended
December 31, |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | 261 | $ | (683 | ) | $ | 157 | |||||
Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. (Fund IV) |
17 | (68 | ) | 40 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. (Fund V) |
44 | (293 | ) | 224 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. (Fund VI) |
1,335 | (187 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P. (Fund VII) |
31,527 | (14,806 | ) | | ||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
| | 1,181 | |||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. (SOMA) |
1,961 | (1,343 | ) | 40 | ||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. (VIF) |
57 | (32 | ) | 87 | ||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. (SVF) |
57 | (31 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P (ACLF). |
13,768 | (11,028 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. (Artus) |
2,249 | (6,560 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. (COF I) |
16,473 | (7,096 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. (COF II) |
8,294 | (5,130 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. (EPF) |
330 | (1,973 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. (AIE II) |
2,937 | (1,525 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. (Palmetto) |
258 | | | |||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
(743 | ) | | | ||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series A (Vantium A) |
(3,770 | ) | (5,560 | ) | | |||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series C (Vantium C) |
8,072 | (1,038 | ) | | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series D (Vantium D) |
(14 | ) | | | ||||||||
Total income (loss) from equity method investments |
$ | 83,113 | $ | (57,353 | ) | $ | 1,722 | |||||
F-87
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other investments as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 consisted of the following:
Equity held as of December 31, | ||||||||||||
2009 |
% of
ownership |
2008 |
% of
ownership |
|||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | 746 | 0.056 | % | $ | 488 | 0.057 | % | ||||
Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. |
30 | 0.006 | 34 | 0.006 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. |
308 | 0.012 | 263 | 0.012 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. |
4,948 | 0.055 | 584 | 0.004 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P. |
61,245 | 1.389 | 24,364 | 1.242 | ||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. |
4,773 | 0.513 | 2,812 | 0.490 | ||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. |
124 | 0.065 | 67 | 0.052 | ||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. |
123 | 0.058 | 66 | 0.083 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P. |
19,618 | 2.440 | 11,108 | 2.440 | ||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. |
2,249 | 6.160 | | | ||||||||
SOMA/Artus Guarantor, LLC |
| | 1,545 | 5.152 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. |
26,402 | 2.007 | 23,924 | 2.415 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. |
20,223 | 1.455 | 9,992 | 1.499 | ||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
7,116 | 1.360 | 7,422 | 2.080 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. |
6,069 | 1.971 | 3,132 | 1.959 | ||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. |
2,918 | 1.186 | | | ||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
10,260 | 5.180 | | | ||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series A |
3,170 | 14.158 | 6,940 | 41.349 | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series C |
18,529 | 6.291 | 11,462 | 47.461 | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series D |
331 | 6.345 | | | ||||||||
Total other investments |
$ | 189,182 | $ | 104,203 | ||||||||
F-88
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The summarized aggregated financial information of the funds in which Apollo has equity method investments is as follows:
Private Equity | Capital Markets | Real Estate | |||||||||||||
As of December 31, | As of December 31, |
As
of
December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Information |
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||
Investments |
$ | 17,884,552 | $ | 10,199,597 | $ | 5,257,180 | $ | 2,922,491 | $ | 203,614 | |||||
Assets |
18,818,089 | 11,642,654 | 6,390,731 | 4,118,709 | 335,137 | ||||||||||
Liabilities |
718,264 | 958,731 | 426,723 | 706,337 | 139,842 | ||||||||||
Equity |
18,099,825 | 10,683,923 | 5,964,008 | 3,412,372 | 195,295 |
Note: Real Estate fund commenced operations in 2009.
Aggregate Totals As of
December 31, |
||||||
Balance Sheet Information |
2009 | 2008 | ||||
Investments |
$ | 23,345,346 | $ | 13,122,088 | ||
Assets |
25,543,957 | 15,761,363 | ||||
Liabilities |
1,284,829 | 1,665,068 | ||||
Equity |
24,259,128 | 14,096,295 |
Private Equity | Capital Markets | Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||
For the Years Ended December 31, |
For the Years Ended December 31, |
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement Information |
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenues/Investment Income |
$ | 734,480 | $ | 180,132 | $ | 191,042 | $ | 427,030 | $ | 106,870 | $ | 31,145 | $ | 660 | |||||||||||
Expenses |
233,257 | 494,425 | 40,423 | 114,991 | 90,332 | 20,420 | 2,834 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
501,223 | (314,293 | ) | 150,619 | 312,039 | 16,538 | 10,725 | (2,174 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
6,824,737 | (9,347,089 | ) | 3,395,684 | 2,452,273 | (1,661,465 | ) | (12,685 | ) | | |||||||||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 7,325,960 | $ | (9,661,382 | ) | $ | 3,546,303 | $ | 2,764,312 | $ | (1,644,927 | ) | $ | (1,960 | ) | $ | (2,174 | ) | |||||||
Note: Real Estate fund commenced operations in 2009.
Aggregate Totals
For the Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||
Income Statement Information |
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Revenues/Investment Income |
$ | 1,162,170 | $ | 287,002 | $ | 222,187 | ||||
Expenses |
351,082 | 584,757 | 60,843 | |||||||
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
811,088 | (297,755 | ) | 161,344 | ||||||
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
9,277,010 | (11,008,554 | ) | 3,382,999 | ||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 10,088,098 | $ | (11,306,309 | ) | $ | 3,544,343 | |||
F-89
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Fair Value Measurements
The following tables summarize the valuation of Apollos investments using the fair value hierarchy levels as of December 31, 2009 and 2008:
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
Assets, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in AAA Investments, L.P. |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | ||||||||
Investment in Apollo Metals Trading Fund L.P. |
| | | | 40,034 | | 40,034 | | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,364,973 | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,364,973 | $ | 854,442 | ||||||||
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
Liabilities, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | $ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | $ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | ||||||||
The changes in AAAs investments measured at fair value that the Company has characterized as Level III investments are:
For the Year Ended
December 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 854,442 | $ | 2,132,847 | ||||
Purchases |
4,121 | 3,098 | ||||||
Distributions |
(5,497 | ) | (50,847 | ) | ||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) |
471,873 | (1,230,656 | ) | |||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | ||||
The changes in the Commodities Trading Funds investments measured at fair value that the Company has characterized as Level III investments are:
For the Year
Ended December 31, |
|||
2009 | |||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | | |
Purchases |
40,000 | ||
Distributions |
| ||
Change in unrealized gains |
34 | ||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 40,034 | |
F-90
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes a look through of the Companys Level III investments by valuation methodology of the underlying investments held by AAA Investments:
(1) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of certain funds that AAA Investments has invested in. Other assets and liabilities at the fund level primarily include cash and cash equivalents, broker receivables and payables and amounts due to and from affiliates. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities, and accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
(2) | Balances include other assets and liabilities and general partner interests of AAA Investments, and are primarily comprised of $650.0 million and $900.0 million in long-term debt offset by cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. |
Variable Interest Entities
Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or otherwise, including those funds over which the general partner is presumed to have control. Apollo also consolidates entities which are variable interest entities (VIEs) for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary.
Additional disclosures are required for public enterprises, including sponsors that have a variable interest in a VIE. Among other things, those additional disclosure requirements include significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether an enterprise must consolidate a VIE, the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprises involvement with a VIE, and how an enterprises involvement with a VIE affects its financial results.
Certain of our subsidiaries hold equity interests in and/or receive fees qualifying as variable interests from the Apollo investment funds. U.S. GAAP requires an analysis to (i) determine whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE, and (ii) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity. The evaluation of whether a fund is a VIE and the determination of whether Apollo should consolidate such VIE requires managements judgment.
F-91
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
These judgments include determining whether the equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, evaluating whether the equity holders, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity, determining whether two or more parties equity interests should be aggregated, determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive returns from an entity, evaluating the nature of relationships and activities of the parties involved in determining which party within a related-party group is most closely associated with a VIE, and estimating cash flows in evaluating which member within the equity group absorbs a majority of the expected losses and, hence, would be deemed the primary beneficiary. The use of these judgments has a material impact to certain components of Apollos consolidated and combined financial statements, but does not affect Apollos net income or equity.
Based on the consolidation analyses performed, Apollo determined that it holds a significant variable interest or is a sponsor that holds a variable interest in certain VIEs, but is not the VIEs primary beneficiary. Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion based on certain events. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively. However, if it is not readily apparent that Apollo is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative expected losses and expected residual returns calculation will be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, affiliates of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Apollo fund may affect an entitys status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.
The nature of Apollos involvement with VIEs includes investments in private equity and capital markets funds. The disclosures are presented aggregating all VIEs. The investment strategies of the Apollo funds differ by product; however, the fundamental risks of the Apollo funds have similar characteristics, including loss of invested capital and the return of carried interest income previously distributed for our private equity and certain capital markets funds.
For those VIEs for which Apollo is the sponsor, Apollo may have an obligation as general partner to provide equity contributions to the funds to satisfy its capital commitments to such funds. During 2008 and 2009, Apollo did not provide any financial support to its VIEs other than its committed equity contributions.
The following table presents the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs for which Apollo has concluded that it holds a significant variable interest or is a sponsor that holds a variable interest in but that it is not the primary beneficiary of such VIEs. In addition, the table presents the maximum exposure to loss relating to those VIEs.
December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Apollo Exposure | ||||||||||
Private Equity |
$ | 5,767,009 | $ | (72,055 | ) | $ | | |||||
Capital Markets |
2,422,323 | (305,723 | ) | 5,019 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 8,189,332 | (1) | $ | (377,778 | ) (2) | $ | 5,019 | (3) | |||
(1) | Consists of $225,226 in cash, $7,470,213 in investments and $493,893 in receivables. |
(2) | Represents $(139,775) in payables and accrued expenses, $(45,487) in securities sold, not purchased, and $(192,516) in capital withdrawals payable. |
(3) | Apollos exposure is limited to its direct investments in those entities in which Apollo holds a significant variable interest. Apollo has no exposure to loss for those entities of which Apollo is only a sponsor for which it holds a variable interest. |
F-92
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Excluded Assets
At the time of the Reorganization on July 13, 2007, certain assets were not contributed to Apollo Global Management, LLC. The following summarizes the impact of the excluded entities in the periods prior to their exclusion:
Period
January 1, 2007 July 13, 2007 |
||||
Revenues |
$ | | ||
Expenses |
(297 | ) | ||
Net loss from investment activities |
(4,513 | ) | ||
Net Loss |
(4,810 | ) | ||
Net Loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
3,942 | |||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (868 | ) | |
5. CARRIED INTEREST RECEIVABLES
Carried interest receivable from private equity and capital markets funds consisted of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Private equity |
$ | 328,246 | $ | 63,888 | ||
Capital markets |
155,608 | 13,197 | ||||
Total carried interest receivable |
$ | 483,854 | $ | 77,085 | ||
The timing of the payment of carried interest due to the general partner or investment manager varies depending on the terms of the applicable fund agreements. Generally, carried interest in the private equity funds is payable and is distributed to the funds general partner upon realization of an investment if the funds cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return. In most capital markets funds, carried interest is payable after the end of the relevant funds fiscal year or in certain cases fiscal quarter subject to high watermark provisions. There currently is no carried interest receivable associated with the Companys real estate segment.
F-93
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The table below provides a roll-forward of the carried interest receivable balance during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008.
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Carried interest receivable at January 1, 2008 |
$ | 1,273,602 | $ | 42,523 | $ | 1,316,125 | ||||||
Change in fair value of funds (1) |
(831,648 | ) | 48,578 | (783,070 | ) | |||||||
Fund cash distributions |
(378,066 | ) | (77,904 | ) | (455,970 | ) | ||||||
Carried interest receivable at December 31, 2008 |
63,888 | 13,197 | 77,085 | |||||||||
Change in fair value of funds |
310,871 | 193,525 | 504,396 | |||||||||
Fund cash distributions |
(46,513 | ) | (51,114 | ) | (97,627 | ) | ||||||
Carried interest receivable at December 31, 2009 |
$ | 328,246 | $ | 155,608 | $ | 483,854 | ||||||
6. FIXED ASSETS
Fixed assets consist of the following:
Useful
Life in Years |
December 31, | |||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||
Ownership interests in aircraft |
15 | $ | 30,249 | $ | 30,249 | |||||
Leasehold improvements |
1016 | 29,098 | 20,379 | |||||||
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment |
410 | 11,378 | 12,152 | |||||||
Computer software and hardware |
24 | 21,598 | 18,962 | |||||||
Other |
4 | 501 | 501 | |||||||
Total fixed assets |
92,824 | 82,243 | ||||||||
LessAccumulated depreciation and amortization |
(25,030 | ) | (14,180 | ) | ||||||
Fixed Assets, net |
$ | 67,794 | $ | 68,063 | ||||||
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $11.6 million, $8.2 million and $3.2 million, respectively.
F-94
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
7. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consist of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Prepaid expenses |
$ | 3,922 | $ | 3,914 | ||
Tax receivables |
3,471 | 7,611 | ||||
Prepaid rent |
1,601 | 4,715 | ||||
Rent deposits |
620 | 963 | ||||
Purchased receivables |
| 9,989 | ||||
Pending deal costs |
| 7,668 | ||||
Other |
1,715 | 4,841 | ||||
Total other assets |
$ | 11,329 | $ | 39,701 | ||
8. OTHER LIABILITIES
Other liabilities consist of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | ||
Deferred rent |
9,582 | 2,644 | ||||
Deferred taxes |
2,754 | 6,330 | ||||
Other |
2,393 | 1,748 | ||||
Total other liabilities |
$ | 41,368 | $ | 52,835 | ||
Interest Rate Swap Agreements The principal financial instruments used for cash flow hedging purposes are interest rate swaps. Apollo enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to interest rate changes. The swaps effectively converted a portion of its variable rate debt under the AMH credit agreement to a fixed rate, without exchanging the notional principal amounts (see note 10). Apollo entered into interest rate swap agreements whereby Apollo receives floating rate payments in exchange for fixed rate payments of 5.068% (weighted average) and 5.175%, on the notional amounts of $433.0 million and $167.0 million, respectively, effectively converting a portion of its floating rate borrowings to a fixed rate. The interest rate swap agreements on the $433.0 million and $167.0 million expire in 2010 and 2012, respectively. Apollo has hedged only the risk related to changes in the benchmark interest rate (three month LIBOR). As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company has recorded a liability of $26.6 million and $42.1 million, respectively, to recognize the fair value of these derivatives, which is included in Other Liabilities in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition.
The Company has determined that the valuation of the interest rate swaps fall within Level II of the fair value hierarchy. The Company estimates the fair value of its interest rate swaps using discounted cash flow models which project future cash flows based on the instruments contractual terms using market-based expectations for interest rates. The Company also includes a credit risk adjustment to the cash flow discount rate to incorporate the impact of nonperformance risk in the recognized measure of the fair value of the swaps. This adjustment is based on the counterpartys credit risk when the swaps are in a net asset position and on the Companys own credit risk when the swaps are in a net liability position.
F-95
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
9. INCOME TAXES
Prior to July 13, 2007, the Company had not been subject to U.S. Federal corporate income taxes. However, certain subsidiaries of the Company were subject to New York City Unincorporated Business Tax (NYC UBT) attributable to the Companys operations apportioned to New York City. In addition, certain non-U.S. subsidiaries of the Company were subject to income taxes in their local jurisdictions. Commencing July 13, 2007, APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, became subject to U.S. Federal corporate income taxes. The Companys provision for income taxes is accounted for under the provisions of U.S. GAAP.
APO Corp. is required to file a standalone Federal corporate tax return, as well as filing standalone corporate state tax returns in New York and California. In addition, various subsidiaries of the Company file NYC UBT returns and others file corporate tax returns in foreign jurisdictions as required. APO Corp.s effective tax rate was approximately (43.18)%, 1.26% and 0.54% for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The (provision) benefit for income taxes is presented in the following table:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Current: |
||||||||||||
Foreign income tax |
$ | (3,993 | ) | $ | (2,688 | ) | $ | (2,507 | ) | |||
NYC UBT |
(5,661 | ) | (4,366 | ) | (5,085 | ) | ||||||
Subtotal |
(9,654 | ) | (7,054 | ) | (7,592 | ) | ||||||
Deferred: |
||||||||||||
Federal income tax |
(2,666 | ) | 19,779 | (1,596 | ) | |||||||
Foreign income tax |
(1,045 | ) | | | ||||||||
State and local income tax (net of federal (benefit) provision) |
(14,398 | ) | 14,328 | (276 | ) | |||||||
NYC UBT |
(951 | ) | 9,942 | 2,738 | ||||||||
Subtotal |
(19,060 | ) | 44,049 | 866 | ||||||||
Total Income Tax (Provision) Benefit |
$ | (28,714 | ) | $ | 36,995 | $ | (6,726 | ) | ||||
For 2009, 2008 and 2007, the amount of federal income tax (benefit) provision netted in the deferred state and local income tax amounts were $(7.9) million, $7.6 million and $0 million, respectively.
Deferred income taxes are provided for the effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.
F-96
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The Companys deferred tax assets and liabilities on the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition consist of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Deferred Tax Assets: |
||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
$ | 540,907 | $ | 576,304 | ||
Revenue recognition |
46,015 | 40,994 | ||||
Net operating loss carry forward |
32,010 | 21,143 | ||||
Unrealized gains |
2,243 | 10,689 | ||||
Equity-based compensation |
19,952 | 8,553 | ||||
Other |
3,268 | 11,340 | ||||
Total Deferred Tax Assets |
$ | 644,395 | $ | 669,023 | ||
Deferred Tax Liabilities: |
||||||
Other |
2,754 | 6,330 | ||||
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities |
$ | 2,754 | $ | 6,330 | ||
The Company has recorded a significant deferred tax asset for the future amortization of tax basis intangibles resulting from the investment by the Strategic Investors. The amortization period for these tax basis intangibles is 15 years and accordingly, the related deferred tax assets will reverse over the same period.
The Company has a cumulative tax loss of $79.9 million and recorded a total tax benefit of $32.0 million for the benefit of the carry forward of such taxable loss. The material portion of these tax benefits will begin to expire in 2027.
The Company considered the 15 year amortization period of the tax basis intangibles and the 20 year carry forward period for its taxable loss in evaluating whether it should establish a valuation allowance. The Company also considered large recurring book expenses that do not provide a corresponding reduction in taxable income. The Companys short term and long term projections anticipate positive book income. In addition, the Companys projection of future taxable income include the effects of originating and reversing temporary differences including those for the tax basis intangibles, indicate that deferred tax liabilities will reverse substantially in the same period and jurisdiction and are of the same character as the temporary differences giving rise to the deferred tax asset. Based upon this positive evidence, the Company has concluded it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset inclusive of the 2008 and 2009 tax losses, will be realized and that no valuation allowance is needed at December 31, 2009.
F-97
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table reconciles the provision for taxes to the U.S. federal statutory tax rate:
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Reconciliation of the Statutory Income Tax Rate: |
|||||||||
U.S. Statutory Federal income tax rate |
35.00 | % | 35.00 | % | 35.00 | % | |||
Income passed through to Non-Controlling Interests |
38.15 | (27.51 | ) | (39.20 | ) | ||||
Income passed through to Class A holders |
46.04 | (3.88 | ) | | |||||
Equity-based compensation |
(146.43 | ) | (2.84 | ) | 3.55 | ||||
Foreign income taxes |
(6.98 | ) | (0.09 | ) | 0.20 | ||||
State and local income taxes |
(30.74 | ) | 0.46 | 0.20 | |||||
Amortization and other accrual adjustments |
22.18 | | | ||||||
Other |
(0.40 | ) | 0.12 | 0.79 | |||||
Effective Income Tax Rate |
(43.18 | )% | 1.26 | % | 0.54 | % | |||
Under U.S. GAAP a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits.
We recognize tax liabilities in accordance with U.S. GAAP and we adjust these liabilities when our judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the tax liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which they are determined.
The Company analyzed its tax filing position in all of the federal, state and foreign tax jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as for all open years in these jurisdictions. Based on this review, no reserves for uncertain tax positions were required to have been recorded. In addition, the Company does not believe that it has any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that it will be required to record significant amounts of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.
The Company files its tax returns as prescribed by the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates. In the normal course of business the Company is subject to examination by federal and certain state, local, and foreign regulators. As of December 31, 2009, Apollo and its predecessor entities U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2006 through 2008 are open under the normal statute of limitations and therefore subject to examination. The 2005 through 2008 state and local tax returns are generally subject to audit.
F-98
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
10. DEBT
Debt consists of the following:
December 31, 2009 | December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
weighted average interest rate |
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
weighted average interest rate |
|||||||||
AMH Credit Agreement |
$ | 909,091 | 5.15 | % (1) | $ | 1,000,000 | 5.90 | % (1) | ||||
CIT Secured Loan Agreement |
24,743 | 3.64 | 26,005 | 5.79 | ||||||||
Total Debt |
$ | 933,834 | 5.11 | % | $ | 1,026,005 | 5.90 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes the effect of interest rate swaps. |
AMH Credit Agreement On April 20, 2007, AMH entered into a $1.0 billion seven-year credit agreement. Interest payable under the agreement may from time to time be based on Eurodollar (LIBOR) or Alternate Base Rate (ABR) as determined by the borrower. With respect to the AMH credit agreement, via swaps AMH has irrevocably elected three-month LIBOR for $433 million of the debt for three years and $167 million of the debt for five years. The remaining $400 million of the debt is computed currently based on three-month LIBOR. The interest rate of the Eurodollar loan will be the daily Eurodollar rate plus the applicable margin rate (1.25% and 1.50% as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively). The interest rate on the ABR term loan, for any day, will be the greater of (a) the prime rate in effect on such day, or (b) the Federal Funds Rate in effect on such day plus 1/2 of 1% and the applicable margin rate of 0.5%. The AMH loan matures in April 2014. The interest rate at December 31, 2008 on the loan was 3.68%. At December 31, 2009 the interest rate on the loan was 1.52%. During April and May 2009, the Company repurchased a combined $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a gain of $36.2 million within other income in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the estimated fair value of the Companys long term debt obligation related to the AMH credit agreement is approximately $762.8 million and $769.7 million, respectively. These amounts were based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. The $909.1 million carrying value of debt that is recorded on the consolidated statement of financial condition at December 31, 2009 is the amount that the Company expects to settle the AMH Credit Agreement.
As of December 31, 2009, the credit agreement is guaranteed by, and is collateralized by substantially all the assets of, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH, as well as cash proceeds from the sale of assets or similar recovery events and any cash deposited pursuant to the excess cash flow covenant, which will be deposited as cash collateral to the extent necessary as set out in the credit agreement. The proceeds of the term loan have substantially all been distributed to the Managing Partners. As of December 31, 2008, the credit agreement was collateralized by Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. and AMH. At December 31, 2009, the consolidated net assets (deficit) of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH were $13.2 million, $(7.8) million, $37.0 million, $70.2 million and $(1,284.1) million, respectively. At December 31, 2008, the consolidated net deficits of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. and AMH were $(61.1) million, $(7.2) million and $(1,342.1) million, respectively.
In accordance with the AMH credit agreement, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH and their
F-99
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
subsidiaries are subject to certain negative and affirmative covenants. Among other things, the credit agreement includes an excess cash flow covenant and an asset sales covenant. The AMH credit agreement does not contain any financial maintenance covenants.
The excess cash flow covenant provides that if AMHs debt to EBITDA ratio as of the end of any fiscal year exceeds the level set forth below (the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio), AMH must deposit its excess cash flow (as defined in the AMH Credit Agreement) in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of such fiscal year to 0.25 to 1.00 below the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio. The Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio per the AMH Credit Agreement is 4.75 to 1.00 for 2008; 4.25 to 1.00 for 2009; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2010; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2011; and 4.00 to 1.00 for 2012. Beginning in 2010, AMH must deposit excess cash flow in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of each fiscal year to 3.25 to 1.00.
The asset sales covenant provides that if AMH receives net cash proceeds from certain non-ordinary course asset sales, then such net cash proceeds shall be deposited in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce its debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the last day of the most recently completed fiscal quarter (after giving effect to such non-ordinary course asset sale and such deposit) to (i) for 2010, 2011 and 2012, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 and (ii) for all other years, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 4.00 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2009, the Company was not aware of any instances of non-compliance with the AMH Credit Agreement. See note 8 for discussion of the swaps associated with the AMH Credit Agreement.
The AMH Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including events of default arising from non-payment, material misrepresentations, breaches of covenants, cross default to material indebtedness, bankruptcy and changes in control of AMH.
CIT Secured Loan Agreement During the second quarter of 2008, the Company entered into four secured loan agreements totaling $26.9 million with CIT Group/Equipment Financing Inc. (CIT) to finance the purchase of fixed assets. The loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 318 basis points per annum with interest and principal to be repaid monthly and a balloon payment of the remaining principal totaling $20.1 million due at the end of the terms in April and June 2013. At December 31, 2009, the interest rate was 3.42%.
Convertible Debt Issued to Strategic Investors On July 13, 2007, the Company issued convertible notes with a principal amount of $1.2 billion to the Strategic Investors. The notes bore interest at 7% per annum and had a stated 15-year term. Apollo incurred approximately $44.3 million in costs in conjunction with the issuance of the debt. The notes included provisions calling for either an optional or mandatory conversion of the loan to non-voting Class A shares at a conversion price of $20 per share. The mandatory conversion occurred at the time of the Private Placement, which was completed on August 8, 2007 at $24 per share. On the conversion date, the unamortized deferred debt issuance costs of $44.1 million were written off and included as a component of interest expense.
The intrinsic value calculated at the commitment date is based on the fair value of the Company as determined through an independent valuation. The intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature (BCF) was approximately $240 million based on the difference between the conversion price of $20 per share and $24 fair value per share and given the conversion of the $1.2 billion notes into 60,000,001 Class A shares. The BCF was charged to interest expense upon conversion of the notes. At that time, the $1.2 billion of notes held by the Strategic Investors converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares. Additionally, the Company paid approximately $6.1 million of interest while the notes were outstanding prior to conversion.
F-100
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
As of December 31, 2009, the Companys debt obligations have contractual maturities as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
Contractual maturities |
$ | 1,492 | $ | 1,377 | $ | 1,377 | $ | 20,497 | $ | 909,091 | $ | | $ | 933,834 |
11. NET LOSS PER CLASS A SHARE
Basic and diluted weighted average Class A shares outstanding are as follows:
Basic and Diluted | ||||||
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
July 13, 2007
Through December 31, 2007 |
||||
Apollo Global Management, LLC, Class A shares |
95,624,541 | 97,324,541 | 97,324,541 | |||
Weighted average Class A shares outstanding |
95,815,500 | 97,324,541 | 82,152,883 |
Basic and diluted net loss per Class A share is calculated as follows:
Basic and Diluted | ||||||||||||
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
July 13, 2007
Through December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||
Net loss available to Class A shareholders |
$ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (962,107 | ) | |||
Weighted average Class A shares outstanding |
95,815,500 | 97,324,541 | 82,152,883 | |||||||||
Net loss per Class A share |
$ | (1.62 | ) | $ | (9.37 | ) | $ | (11.71 | ) |
Prior to the Companys Reorganization, there was no single capital structure of the Apollo Operating Group upon which to calculate earnings per share information. Accordingly, earnings per share information is not meaningful for periods prior to the Reorganization and has not been presented.
On August 8, 2007, the Company issued 34,500,000 Class A shares in connection with the Private Placement, which also triggered the issuance of 60,000,001 Class A shares as a result of the conversion of the notes issued to the Strategic Investor. The Private Placement also included an option to purchase additional shares. On August 31, 2007, the initial purchasers exercised their option to purchase additional shares, which closed on September 5, 2007 and resulted in the issuance of 2,824,540 shares. An additional over allotment purchase option of 2,375,460 shares has expired unexercised.
Basic and diluted loss per unit are identical in each year presented, as application of the treasury method for Apollo Class A share equivalents for the AOG Units for vested and unvested units are anti-dilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for the period from July 13, 2007 through December 31, 2007, had the Class A shares been dilutive, the Company would have: (1) included an additional 240,000,000 shares from the conversion of the Class B share and vested shares from its Apollo Global Management restricted share units (RSUs) in the determination of diluted net income per Class A share and (2) adjusted net income related to amortization of the AOG Units and RSUs, as well as its related tax effects.
F-101
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Holders of AOG Units are subject to the vesting requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the agreements with the respective holders, and may up to 4 times each year (subject to the terms of the exchange agreement) exchange their AOG Units for Class A shares on a one-for-one basis. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share. Prior to their conversion, AOG Units would not have rights to undistributed earnings (losses) of Apollo that otherwise would have been available to common shareholders. As a result, the AOG Units are not considered participating securities under U.S. GAAP. If fully converted, the result would be an additional 240,000,000 Class A shares added to the basic earnings per share calculation. Consequently, the Company applies the if converted method to determine the dilutive effect, if any, that the exchange of all AOG Units would have on basic earnings per Class A share. The assumed exchange of AOG Units includes an assumed tax effect resulting from the increased income (loss) allocated to the Company on the exchange of the AOG Units.
In addition to the vested RSUs as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately 1.7 million RSUs granted to Apollo employees are entitled to distribution equivalents any time a dividend is declared. Once distributed to the employees, the distribution equivalents will not be returned to Apollo upon forfeiture of the award by such employee. Under U.S. GAAP, the unvested RSUs granted that are entitled to distribution equivalents are considered participating securities. Because no dividends were declared subsequent to the grant date of the unvested participating RSUs and these unvested RSUs are not subject to any contractual obligation to share in losses of the Company, the use of the two-class method was not required to separately present the unvested participating RSUs in the net loss per Class A share calculation.
Apollo has one Class B share held by Holdings. The voting power of the Class B share is reduced on a one vote per one AOG Unit basis in the event of an exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares, as discussed above. The Class B share has no net income (loss) per share as it does not participate in Apollos earnings (losses) or distributions. The Class B share has no dividend or liquidation rights. The Class B share has voting rights on a pari passu basis with the Class A shares. The number of Class B shares outstanding did not change subsequent to the Private Placement. The Class B share has a super voting power of 240,000,000 votes.
The convertible debt issued to the Strategic Investors has participation rights in certain income under certain circumstances for the period from July 13, 2007 until August 8, 2007 (Private Placement) based on the number of Class A shares that the debt converted into (60,000,001 Class A shares). These shares are included in the computation of both basic and diluted earnings per Class A share using the two-class method for participating securities, in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Additionally, the interest expense associated with the convertible debt (including the BCF charge) has not been added back because the effect of doing so would be anti-dilutive.
On February 11, 2009, Apollo repurchased 1.7 million Class A shares for $2 per share. The repurchase was followed by a corresponding exchange and cancellation of AOG Units by the Apollo Operating Group. The Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group was 28.9% prior to the repurchase and 28.5% after the repurchase. As Holdings did not sell any AOG Units back, their ownership in the Apollo Operating Group increased from 71.1% to 71.5%.
F-102
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
In accordance with new U.S. GAAP guidance on Non-Controlling Interests, companies are required to provide a pro-forma presentation of the pro-forma consolidated net income attributable to the parent and pro-forma earnings per share in the year of adoption of the guidance, if the results under prior guidance would have been significantly different. The following table presents the pro-forma impact to the Companys net loss and earnings per share had losses not been allocated to our Non-Controlling Interests in excess of their basis:
Pro-Forma Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC: |
||||
Net Loss - as Reported |
$ | (155,176 | ) | |
Net Losses Allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(400,440 | ) | ||
Net Loss - Pro-Forma |
$ | (555,616 | ) | |
Earnings per Share: |
||||
Net Loss per Class A Share Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC - as Reported |
$ | (1.62 | ) | |
Adjustment per Class A Share for Losses Attributable to Apollo Operating Group |
(4.18 | ) | ||
Net Loss per Class A Share Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC - Pro-Forma |
$ | (5.80 | ) | |
12. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION
AOG Units
At the time of the Reorganization, the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners received 240,000,000 AOG Units, all of which will vest over a period of either 60 or 72 months. The Reorganization agreements specify that the service inception date commenced on January 1, 2007 for the Managing Partners. The Company is accounting for the unvested AOG Units as compensation expense in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The unvested AOG Units are charged to compensation expense as the AOG Units vest over the service period on a straight-line basis. Compensation expense for the Contributing Partners has been calculated based on the enterprise fair value, which was determined based upon expected future cash flows, discounted back to present value of $28 per share as of July 13, 2007 less a 29% discount to reflect transfer restrictions. Additionally, the calculation of the compensation expense assumes a forfeiture rate for the Contributing Partners of up to 3%, based on Apollos historical turnover experience. The Managing Partners compensation expense is also based on $28 per share less a 14% discount to reflect transfer restrictions on the Managing Partners units for certain restrictions, which include satisfaction of certain criteria related to transferability and ability to cause a change in control in the entity. The Managing Partners entered into an agreement among themselves (the Principals Agreement) which provides that, in the event a Managing Partner voluntarily terminates his employment with Apollo Global Management, LLC for any reason prior to January 1, 2012 or January 1, 2013, a portion of the equity interests held by that Managing Partner as of the completion of the Private Placement will be forfeited to the remaining Managing Partners who are employed by Apollo Global Management, LLC generally as of the date of such termination of employment. Generally, upon the termination of a Managing Partners employment, for any reason, all unvested AOG Units received by the Managing Partner will be immediately forfeited without any payment or consideration; provided that (1) if such termination is due to death or permanent disability, 100% or 50%, respectively, of the unvested AOG Units will become vested, or (2) if such termination occurs in connection with a resignation or retirement, the amount forfeited is the number of unvested units. In the event
F-103
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
that a Managing Partner breaches his or her restrictive covenants or is terminated for cause, all AOG Units (whether vested or unvested), and any AOG Units then held by the Managing Partner in respect of previously delivered unvested AOG Units, will be forfeited. Additionally, in connection with certain change of control events, any unvested AOG Units will automatically be deemed vested immediately prior to such change in control and their delivery may be accelerated. The terms of the Principals Agreement provided for partial vesting of the AOG Units as if they were granted on January 1, 2007, therefore six months of expense was recognized on July 13, 2007.
As a result of the service requirement, the fair value of the AOG Units of approximately $5.6 billion will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the five or six year service period, as applicable. Accordingly, we have recognized $1,033.3 million, $1,034.9 million and $980.7 million of compensation expense in the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was $2.6 billion of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested shares that is expected to vest over the next three to four years.
Apollo
Operating Group Units |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||
Balance at July 13, 2007 |
| $ | | |||
Granted |
240,000,000 | 23.49 | ||||
Forfeited |
| | ||||
Vested |
(41,275,930 | ) | 23.75 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
198,724,070 | 23.43 | ||||
Granted |
| | ||||
Forfeited |
| | ||||
Vested |
(43,984,314 | ) | 23.53 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
154,739,756 | 23.41 | ||||
Granted |
| | ||||
Forfeited |
| | ||||
Vested |
(43,907,662 | ) | 23.53 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
110,832,094 | $ | 23.35 | |||
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 110,295,527 of unvested AOG Units are expected to vest over the next three to four years.
RSUs
On October 24, 2007, the Company commenced the granting of Apollo Global Management, LLC units in the form of RSUs. These grants are accounted for as a grant of equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP . All of the RSUs granted in 2009 were granted to the Companys employees under the Companys equity compensation plan. The fair value of these plan-based awards was approximately $10.0 million, which is based on valuation methods that consider market comparables for transfer restrictions and lack of distributions until vested. For bonus grant awards, the valuation methods consider transfer restrictions and timing of distributions. Both valuations consider that dividend equivalents are paid in January of the next year after a dividend on Class A shares was declared. The total fair value will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over
F-104
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
the vesting period, which can be twenty four quarters or annual vesting over 3 years. The forfeiture rate was 6.6%, 2.9% and 0.0% in 2009, 2008 and 2007 respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, $60.7 million, $75.4 million and $5.3 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively.
The following table summarizes RSU activity for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RSUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance at July 13, 2007 |
| $ | | | | ||||||
Granted |
20,477,101 | 15.30 | | 20,477,101 | |||||||
Forfeited |
| | | | |||||||
Vested |
| | | | |||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
20,477,101 | 15.30 | | 20,477,101 | |||||||
Granted |
11,106,232 | 6.02 | | 11,106,232 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(925,003 | ) | 14.72 | | (925,003 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(5,986,867 | ) | 13.00 | 5,986,867 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
24,671,463 | 11.70 | 5,986,867 | 30,658,330 | |||||||
Granted |
3,221,335 | 3.09 | | 3,221,335 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(1,849,650 | ) | 10.08 | | (1,849,650 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(6,105,152 | ) | 10.37 | 6,105,152 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
19,937,996 | $ | 10.87 | 12,092,019 | 32,030,015 | ||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 18,741,716 RSUs are expected to vest.
RDUs
On June 15, 2006, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P., purchased 3,700,000 RDUs of AP Alternative Assets, L.P. for $74.0 million. These units were purchased as part of the global private placement of AAA RDUs. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P. purchased an additional 2.2 million units of AAA for an aggregate purchase price of $26.2 million.
Incentive units that provide the right to receive RDUs following vesting are granted periodically to employees of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its affiliated management companies. These grants are accounted for as equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The RDUs subject to incentive units granted to employees generally vest over three years. In contrast, the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have received distributions of fully vested RDUs. The fair value of the grants are recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period (or upon grant in the case of fully vested RDUs). Vested RDUs can be converted into ordinary common units of AAA.
For the year ended December 31, 2007, 513,524 RDUs and 253,474 RDUs were granted to the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners, respectively, prior to the Reorganization, which were treated as equity distributions in the amount of $10.3 million and $5.1 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company granted awards covering a total of 2,422,496 RDUs, of those granted,
F-105
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
982,839 RDUs were granted to the Companys Managing Partners as part of the contingent consideration distributed to the Managing Partners in exchange for their interests that were purchased during the Reorganization, which were treated as equity distributions in the amount of $12.7 million. As part of the total grants in 2008, 583,690 RDUs were granted to the Companys Contributing Partners, resulting in a compensation expense of $7.6 million for the year and 855,967 RDUs were granted to certain employees of the Company, resulting in an additional compensation expense of $7.3 million for the year. As of December 31, 2008, all units awarded to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners were fully vested and delivered. The Company has not made any significant grants in 2009 of either RDUs or incentive units covering RDUs.
The forfeiture rate for unvested RDUs was 11.0%, 3.9% and 0.4% for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, $5.8 million, $14.9 million and $3.9 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. There was $6.2 million and $6.8 million of vested but undelivered RDUs included in accrued compensation in the consolidated and combined financial statements as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
The following table summarizes RDU activity for the year ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RDUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
| $ | 19.60 | | | ||||||
Granted |
1,354,998 | 19.60 | | 1,354,998 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(5,000 | ) | 19.60 | | (5,000 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(942,997 | ) | 19.60 | 942,997 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
407,001 | 19.60 | 942,997 | 1,349,998 | |||||||
Granted |
2,422,496 | 13.00 | | 2,422,496 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(110,546 | ) | 14.40 | | (110,546 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(2,040,302 | ) | 13.63 | 2,040,302 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
678,649 | 14.57 | 2,983,299 | 3,661,948 | |||||||
Granted |
2,667 | 1.07 | | 2,667 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(74,870 | ) | 14.23 | | (74,870 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(385,225 | ) | 15.65 | 385,225 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
221,221 | $ | 12.95 | 3,368,524 | 3,589,745 | ||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 194,674 RDUs are expected to vest.
F-106
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes the activity of RDUs available for future grants:
RDUs Available
For Future Grants |
|||
Balance at January 1, 2008 |
2,439,724 | ||
Purchases |
2,175,139 | ||
Granted |
(2,422,496 | ) | |
Forfeited |
110,546 | ||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
2,302,913 | ||
Purchases |
43,412 | ||
Granted |
(2,667 | ) | |
Forfeited |
74,870 | ||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
2,418,528 | ||
Restricted Stock AwardsApollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (ACREF)
On September 29, 2009, 97,500 and 140,000 shares of ACREF restricted stock were granted to the Company and certain of the Companys employees, respectively. The fair value of the Company and employee awards is $1.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively. Additionally, on December 31, 2009, 5,000 shares of ACREF restricted stock awards were granted to the Companys employees. These awards vest over three years or twelve quarters with the first quarter vesting on January 1, 2010. The awards granted to the Company are accounted for as investments and deferred revenue in the consolidated and combined statement of financial condition. As these awards vest, the deferred revenue is recognized as management fees. The investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting for awards granted to the Company and as a deferred compensation asset for the awards granted to employees. Compensation expense will be recognized on a straight line-basis over the vesting period for the awards granted to the employees. For the year ended December 31, 2009, $0.4 million of management fees and $0.2 million of compensation expense was recognized in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
The following table summarizes activity for the ACREF restricted stock awards that were granted to both the Company and its employees for the year ended December 31, 2009:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of Restricted Stock Awards Issued |
||||||
Balance at January 1, 2009 |
| $ | | | | ||||
Granted employees of the Company |
145,000 | 18.46 | | 145,000 | |||||
Granted the Company |
97,500 | 18.48 | | 97,500 | |||||
Vested |
| | | | |||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
242,500 | $ | 18.47 | | 242,500 | ||||
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 227,950 ACREF restricted stock awards are expected to vest.
F-107
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Equity-based compensation is allocated based on ownership interests. Therefore, the amortization of the AOG Units is allocated to Shareholders Equity and the Non-Controlling Interests, which results in a difference in the amounts charged to equity-based compensation expense and the amounts credited to Shareholders Equity in the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements. Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2009:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interests % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group (1) |
Allocated to
Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 1,033,343 | 71.5 | % | $ | 738,431 | $ | 294,912 | ||||||
RSUs |
60,747 | | | 60,747 | ||||||||||
ACREF Restricted Stock Awards |
217 | 71.5 | % | 155 | 62 | |||||||||
RDUs |
5,799 | 71.5 | % | 4,146 | 1,653 | |||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 1,100,106 | $ | 742,732 | $ | 357,374 | ||||||||
Less RDUs and ACREF Restricted Stock Awards |
(4,301 | ) | (1,715 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 738,431 | $ | 355,659 | ||||||||||
(1) | Calculation based on average ownership percentage for the period after considering Class A share repurchase that took place in February 2009. |
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2008:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interests % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated to
Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 1,034,876 | 71.1 | % | $ | 736,387 | $ | 298,489 | ||||||
RSUs |
75,414 | | | 75,414 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
14,894 | 71.1 | % | 10,597 | 4,297 | |||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 1,125,184 | $ | 746,984 | 378,200 | |||||||||
Less RDUs |
(10,597 | ) | (4,297 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 736,387 | $ | 373,903 | ||||||||||
F-108
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
As a management company, the Company is responsible for paying certain operating costs incurred by the funds and affiliates. These costs are reimbursable to the Company from the funds and are included in due from affiliates. Due from affiliates and due to affiliates are comprised of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Due from Affiliates: |
||||||
Management and advisory fees receivable from capital markets funds |
$ | 25,904 | $ | 23,512 | ||
Due from private equity funds |
17,120 | 22,310 | ||||
Due from capital markets funds |
12,574 | 8,627 | ||||
Due from portfolio companies |
62,379 | 64,475 | ||||
Due from related party real estate management companies (1) |
| 5,500 | ||||
Due from Contributing Partners, employees and former employees |
12,134 | 17,918 | ||||
Other |
3,567 | 2,837 | ||||
Total Due From Affiliates |
$ | 133,678 | $ | 145,179 | ||
Due to Affiliates: |
||||||
Due to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement |
$ | 514,044 | $ | 516,582 | ||
Due to Managing Partners |
764 | 966 | ||||
Due to private equity funds |
32,046 | 34,429 | ||||
Due to capital markets funds |
314 | 38,617 | ||||
Other |
1,425 | 428 | ||||
Total Due To Affiliates |
$ | 548,593 | $ | 591,022 | ||
(1) | Due from related party real estate management companies primarily represents expense allocations from the Company. |
Tax Receivable Agreement
Subject to certain restrictions, each of the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners has the right to exchange their vested AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares. Certain Apollo Operating Group entities have made an election under Section 754 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, as amended, which results in an adjustment to the tax basis of the assets owned by Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. These exchanges will result in increases in tax deductions that will reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future. Additionally, the further acquisition of AOG Units from the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners also may result in increases in tax deductions and tax basis of assets that will further reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future.
APO Corp. entered into a tax receivable agreement with the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners that provides for the payment of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign income taxes that APO Corp. would realize, as defined in the agreement, as a result of the increases in tax basis of assets that resulted from the investment by the Strategic Investors. For purposes of the tax receivable agreement, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing the actual income tax liability of APO Corp. to the amount of such taxes that APO Corp. would have been required to pay had there been no increase to
F-109
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of APO Corp. as a result of the exchanges and had APO Corp. not entered into the tax receivable agreement. These payments are expected to occur approximately over the next 20 years. As a result, a $520.3 million capital decrease and corresponding liability was recorded.
In December 2008, the Company made a cash payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners amounting to $3.7 million resulting from the tax savings from the tax receivable agreement for the 2007 tax year. In September 2009, the Company made a $9.1 million payment against the tax receivable agreement from proceeds distributed by the Apollo Operating Group. In December 2009, the Company increased the liability an additional $6.6 million, due to a change in the projected state tax rates, thus increasing future tax savings resulting from the tax receivable agreement.
Additionally, the Managing Partners have agreed to defer 25% of their Tax Receivable Agreement payments for the 2010 tax year for a period of four years.
Special Allocation
In December 2009, the AMH partnership agreement was amended to provide for special allocations of income to APO Corp. and a reduction of income allocated to Holdings for the 2009 and 2010 calendar years. The amendment allows for a maximum allocation of income from Holdings of approximately $22.1 million in 2009 and reduces the income allocation to Holdings from 71.5% to 0% in 2010. As a result, the Company has allocated $22.1 million of AMH income to APO Corp. in 2009 and will not allocate any AMH income or loss in 2010 to Holdings.
Due to Managing Partners
On July 13, 2007, the Company established a payable for the amount of undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses, as discussed in note 1 under Reorganization of the Company. On October 8, 2008, the Investment Advisory Board of Fund IV and V agreed to not sell a portfolio company to Fund VI. This decision caused the remaining payable to be reversed. The reversal caused approximately $11.6 million to be accounted for as an equity contribution from the Managing Partners.
Due from Portfolio Companies
Apollo is entitled to receive advisory and transaction fees related to the acquisition and disposition of portfolio companies as well as ongoing monitoring of structured vehicle entities and portfolio company operations. From time to time, the Company also pays expenses on behalf of portfolio companies of the funds that it manages. These expenses normally relate to third-party costs. These charges are billed to and collected from the portfolio companies on a periodic basis.
Due from Contributing Partners, Employees and Former Employees
The Company has accrued a receivable from Contributing Partners, employees and former employees for the potential return of carried interest income that would be due if the private equity funds were liquidated at the balance sheet date. Also see Due to Private Equity Funds.
F-110
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Transactions with the Funds
Private Equity Funds
The agreements entered into with the funds allow the Company to receive management fees, payable semi-annually in advance. During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, these fees ranged from 0.65% to 1.5% per annum of the aggregate third-party capital commitments of the funds invested capital or assets under management as defined by the relevant management agreement with the exception of management fees received by Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P. Management fees are reduced pursuant to the limited partnership agreements of the funds by a percentage of advisory fees and transaction fees received by the Company, net of costs of unconsummated transactions. Percentages, formula calculations, underlying agreements and terms vary and are defined in each management agreement. See note 16 for discussion of revenues earned and expenses incurred for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Capital Markets Funds
The Company derives revenues from management fees and carried interest income. The management fees are calculated and payable based on gross or adjusted assets, capital commitments or the net asset value of the respective funds, as applicable. Management fee percentages generally vary from 0.75% to 2.0% per annum. Net asset value includes the value of investments of the fund, which are valued at fair value by the general partner, managing member or board of directors, as applicable, based on quoted market prices or independent market quotations obtained from recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. See note 16 for discussion of revenues earned and expenses incurred for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program
As part of the Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program, the Company elected to receive, in lieu of cash payment for management fees, profits interests in the funds in the amounts of $19.7 million, $35.7 million and $49.0 million the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company has forgone a portion of management fee revenue it would have been entitled to receive in cash with respect to certain of the private equity funds it manages, and instead received profits interests in such funds and assigned these profits interests to employees and partners. The amount of management fees waived amounted to $19.7 million, $35.7 million and $27.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Compensation expense was $19.7 million, $35.4 million, and $21.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Prior to Reorganization, profits interests received from unconsolidated funds assigned to certain Managing Partners and Contributing Partners of the Company were treated as equity distributions. As a result, there was $27.4 million of profits interests received and accounted for as a distribution to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners during the year ended December 31, 2007.
During 2009 and 2008, the Company also paid $4.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively, to acquire additional ownership interests in Fund VI and Fund VII in connection with employees leaving the Company.
F-111
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Dividends/Distributions
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of quarterly dividends are at the sole discretion of the Company.
On September 9, 2009, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $27.0 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement. We distributed $17.9 million to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their ownership of Holdings with the remaining $9.1 million being paid to APO Corp. to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
On January 8, 2009, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per Class A share, which was paid on January 15, 2009. Of the $16.9 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, the Company received $4.9 million, and the remaining $12.0 million was paid to Holdings related to the tax year ended December 31, 2008. The Company also accrued $0.3 million for distribution equivalents on vested RSUs, which were paid in January 2010.
During December 2008, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $18.1 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement for a portion of the tax savings APO Corp. realized as result of the acquisition of AOG Units from the Managing Partners and the Contributing Partners. We distributed $14.4 million to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their ownership of Holdings, with the remaining $3.7 million being paid to APO Corp. to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
The Company accrued $0.4 million in distribution equivalents during the third quarter of 2008, which related to unvested RSUs granted to employees that are subject to accelerated vesting conditions in respect of distributions in accordance with the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. These amounts were paid in January 2009.
On July 15, 2008, the Company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.23 per Class A share, which included a second quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.07 per Class A share that primarily related to realizations from (i) portfolio companies, (ii) dividend income from a portfolio company, and (iii) interest income related to debt investments. This $77.6 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $22.4 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed on July 25, 2008, to its Class A shareholders of record on July 18, 2008, and the remaining $55.2 million was paid to Holdings.
On April 4, 2008, the Company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.33 per Class A share, which included a first quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.17 per Class A share that primarily related to the realization of a fund portfolio company in February 2008. The $111.3 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $32.2 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed to its Class A shareholders of record on April 18, 2008, and the remaining $79.1 million was paid to Holdings.
The dividends declared in 2009 and 2008 are returns of amounts paid in by our Class A shareholders. All cash distributions paid to our Class A shareholders in 2009 and 2008 have been charged against additional paid in capital.
F-112
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Due to Private Equity Funds
On June 30, 2008, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Fund VI, pursuant to which Fund VI advanced $18.9 million of carried interest income to the limited partners of Apollo Advisors VI, L.P., who are also employees of the Company. The $18.9 million was otherwise distributable to the Company based on the respective partnership agreement between the Company and Fund VI. The $18.9 million loan accrues interest at an annual fixed rate of 3.45% and terminates on the earlier of June 30, 2017 or the termination of Fund VI. As of December 31, 2009, there was accrued interest of $1.0 million on the loan for a total outstanding loan balance of $19.9 million, of which approximately $6.3 million was a receivable from Contributing Partners and employees.
Assuming Fund VI liquidated on the balance sheet date, the Company has also accrued a liability to Fund VI of $13.1 million in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. Of this amount, approximately $3.5 million was a receivable from Contributing Partners and employees of the Company. The total liability to Fund VI is $33.0 million including the outstanding loan balance above, of which $9.8 million in total was a receivable from Contributing Partners and employees of the Company as of December 31, 2009.
Indemnity
Carried interest income from our funds can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, subject to certain limitations, the obligation of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular Managing Partners or Contributing Partners distributions. An existing shareholders agreement includes clauses that indemnify each of our Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of our funds (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that our Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made distributions, we will be obligated to reimburse our Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the certain distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of December 31, 2009, the Company has indemnified $23.2 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.0 million due to Fund VI.
Litigation Settlement
On December 29, 2008, pursuant to the terms of a settlement agreement, the Company and certain of its affiliates paid Huntsman Corporation (Huntsman) $425 million. Of this amount, Apollo Management VI, L.P. paid $200 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities: Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Global Management, LLC; Apollo Management IV, L.P.; Apollo Advisors IV, L.P.; Apollo Management V, L.P.; and Apollo Advisors V, L.P. As a result, a $200 million litigation settlement is included within the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008. The remaining portion of the settlement was paid to Huntsman by Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., a portfolio company that is
F-113
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
outside of the Companys consolidated structure and therefore not included in the Companys financial statements. Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc. paid Huntsman $225 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities comprising Apollo Funds IV and V: Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners IV, L.P.; Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners V, L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(A), L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(B), L.P.; and Apollo German Partners V GmbH & Co. KG. The impact of this $225 million payment resulted in a decrease of approximately $31 million of carried interest income allocated to the general partner of Fund V. The $425 million payment was in settlement of Huntsmans defamation claim against all of the foregoing entities. The Company subsequently received insurance proceeds of $37.5 million from an insurance policy that covers litigation matters. The $37.5 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. There are no pending actions involving the Company or any of its
Underwriting Fee Paid for ACREF
The Company incurred $8.0 million in underwriting expenses for the benefit of ACREF, which are contingently returnable to the Company if during any period of four consecutive calendar quarters during the sixteen full calendar quarters after the consummation of ACREFs initial public offering on September 29, 2009, their core earnings, as defined in the corresponding management agreement, for any such four-quarter period exceeds an 8% performance hurdle rate.
14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Financial Guarantees Apollo has provided financial guarantees on behalf of certain employees for the benefit of unrelated third-party lenders, in connection with their capital commitment to funds managed by Apollo. As of December 31, 2009, the maximum exposure relating to these financial guarantees approximated $5.2 million. Apollo has historically not incurred any liabilities as a result of these agreements and does not expect to in the future. Accordingly, no liability has been recorded in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements.
As the general partner of Apollo/Artus Investor 2007-I L.P. (Artus), the Company may be obligated for losses in excess of those allocable to the limited partners to the extent that there is negative equity in that fund. As of December 31, 2009, the maximum exposure to the Company relating to the negative basis was approximately $72.8 million after assuming the fair value of its investments were marked down to zero. Management views the possibility of this occurrence as remote, and as of December 31, 2009, the Company has no obligations to Artus. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company also recognized income of $38.4 million from the reversal of a general partner obligation, which is included in net gains (losses) from investment activities in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Investment Commitments As a limited partner, the general partner and manager of Apollos private equity and capital markets funds, Apollo has unfunded capital commitments at December 31, 2009 and 2008 of $201.3 million and $175.7 million, respectively.
Apollo has an ongoing obligation to acquire additional common units of AAA, on a quarterly basis, in an amount equal to 25% of the aggregate after-tax cash distributions, if any, that are made to its affiliates pursuant to the carried interests distribution rights that are applicable to investments made through AAA Investments, L.P.
F-114
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Debt Covenants Apollos debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. As of December 31, 2009, the Company was not aware of any instances of noncompliance with any of these covenants.
Litigation and Contingencies We are, from time to time, party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including claims and litigation, reviews, investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding our business. Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, we are of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which we are a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on our financial statements. Legal actions material to us could, however, arise in the future.
On or about March 21, 2009, an entity known as LLDVF, L.P., which alleges that it is an investor in certain notes with a face amount of $43,500,000 issued by Linens n Things, Inc. (Linens), commenced an action in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against, inter alia, Apollo Management V, L.P., two Apollo partners, certain Apollo investment entities relating to the Linens transaction, certain current and former officers and directors of Linens, and certain other investors in Linens, alleging violations of the Federal securities laws and the making of negligent misrepresentations respecting the financial condition and future prospects of Linens from at least March 27, 2007 until May 2, 2008, the date on which Linens filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On July 10, 2009, the plaintiff effectuated service of the summons and complaint on the defendants. As stipulated by the parties and ordered by the Court, on September 23, 2009, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, which asserted the same causes of action as alleged in the original complaint. The defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint on November 23, 2009, and briefing by the parties on those motions has not been completed. In any event, the Apollo-related defendants deny the material allegations of the complaint and will contest this case vigorously. The Company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. Defendants have pending motions to dismiss the action and believe the plaintiffs allegations lack factual and legal merit. In any event, the lawsuit is in its preliminary stages, no discovery has been taken and the Court has not heard arguments or ruled on the defendants pending motions to dismiss. As a result, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made.
Certain of Apollos affiliates have received subpoenas from various government regulatory agencies and requests for information from certain Apollo investors seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. We are cooperating with such requests. CalPERS, one of our Strategic Investors, announced on October 14, 2009 that it has initiated a special review of the fees paid by its external managers to placement agents and their related activities. We are cooperating with the special review. It is not possible to predict the outcome or duration of government investigations related to placement agents or the special review. We believe that we have handled our placement agent relationships in an appropriate manner.
F-115
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Commitments Apollo leases office space and certain office equipment under various lease and sublease arrangements, which expire on various dates through 2022. As these leases expire, it can be expected that in the normal course of business they will be renewed or replaced. Certain lease agreements contain renewal options, rent escalation provisions based on certain costs incurred by the landlord or other inducements provided by the landlord. Rent expense is accrued to recognize lease escalation provisions and inducements provided by the landlord, if any, on a straight-line basis over the lease term and renewal periods where applicable. Apollo has entered into various operating lease service agreements in respect of certain assets. As of December 31, 2009, the approximate aggregate minimum future payments required on the operating leases were as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
Aggregate minimum future payments |
$ | 23,151 | $ | 22,364 | $ | 22,246 | $ | 21,746 | $ | 21,233 | $ | 49,680 | $ | 160,420 |
Expenses related to non-cancellable contractual obligations for premises, equipment, auto and other assets was $35.1 million, $31.0 million and $13.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Contingent Obligations Carried interest income in both private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative carried interest recognized in income to date. If all of the existing investments were liquidated at zero values, the amounts of cumulative revenues that have been recognized by Apollo through December 31, 2009 that would be reversed approximates $787.8 million. Management views the possibility of liquidating all existing investments at zero values as remote. Carried interest is affected by changes in the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds that we manage. Valuations, on an unrealized basis, can be significantly affected by a variety of external factors such as bond yields and industry trading multiples. Movements in these items can affect valuations quarter to quarter even if the underlying business fundamentals remain stable.
The table below indicates the maximum potential future reversal of carried interest income.
As
of
December 31, 2009 |
|||
Fund V |
$ | 406,455 | |
Fund VII |
177,578 | ||
Fund IV |
95,547 | ||
COF I |
70,093 | ||
COF II |
38,155 | ||
Total |
$ | 787,828 | |
For certain capital markets funds, the carried interest income is subject to repayment prior to year-end. Once the year is completed, any carried interest income paid during the year to the general partner is not subject to repayment in subsequent periods.
Additionally, at the end of the life of a fund there could be a payment due to the fund by the Company if it received as general partner more carried interest income than was ultimately earned. The current estimate of the
F-116
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
general partner obligation for carried interest income previously distributed at December 31, 2009 is $13.1 million, as discussed in Due to Private Equity Funds in note 13. The general partner obligation amount, if any, will depend on the final realized values of investments at the end of the funds life.
Certain private equity and capital markets funds are not generating carried interest income due to unrealized and realized losses in the current and prior reporting periods. In certain cases, carried interest income will not be generated until additional unrealized and realized gains occur. Any appreciation would first cover the deductions for invested capital, unreturned organizational expenses, operating expenses, management fees and priority returns based on the terms of the respective fund agreements.
15. MARKET AND CREDIT RISK
In the normal course of business, Apollo encounters market and credit risk concentrations. Market risk reflects changes in the value of investments due to changes in interest rates, credit spreads or other market factors. Credit risk includes the risk of default on Apollos investments, where the counterparty is unable or unwilling to make required or expected payments.
Apollos derivative financial instruments contain credit risk to the extent that its counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. Apollo seeks to minimize this risk by limiting its counterparties to highly rated major financial institutions with good credit ratings. Management does not expect any material losses as a result of default by other parties.
Apollo is exposed to economic risk concentrations insofar as Apollo is dependent on the ability of the funds to compensate them for the services that it provides to these funds. Further, the incentive income component of this compensation is based on the ability of the funds to generate returns above certain specified thresholds.
Additionally, Apollo is exposed to interest rate risk. Apollo has debt obligations which have variable rates. Interest rate changes may therefore affect the amount of interest payments, future earnings and cash flows. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, $933.8 million and $1,026.0 million of Apollos debt balance had a variable interest, respectively. However $600.0 million of the debt has been effectively converted to a fixed rate using interest rate swaps as discussed in note 8. Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions that exceed insured limits are invested in interest-bearing accounts.
16. SEGMENT REPORTING
Apollo conducts its management and incentive businesses primarily in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically. These businesses are conducted through the following three reportable segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed debt instruments; and |
|
Real estate we recently organized a commercial real estate finance company and launched a vehicle to invest principally in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. We may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
F-117
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
These business segments are differentiated based on the varying investment strategies. The performance is measured by management on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollos business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that excludes the effects of consolidation of any of the affiliated funds.
Our financial results vary, since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.
The following tables present the financial data for the Companys reportable segments further separated between the management and incentive business as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which we believe is useful to the reader. In our management business we have fairly stable revenue and expenses, while our incentive business is more event driven and can have significant fluctuations as it reflects the variable financial portion of our business. The financial results of the management entities, as reflected in the management business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fees and expenses exclusive of profit sharing expense. The financial results of the advisory entities, as reflected in the incentive business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include carried interest income and profit sharing expenses.
Economic Net Income (Loss)
Economic Net Income (ENI) is a key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of Apollos private equity, capital markets and real estate segments, as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the Companys performance. Management also uses ENI in making key operating decisions such as the following:
|
Decisions related to the allocation of resources such as staffing decisions including hiring and locations for deployment of the new hires; |
|
Decisions related to capital deployment such as providing capital to facilitate growth for the business and/or to facilitate expansion into new businesses; and |
|
Decisions related to compensation expense, such as determining annual discretionary bonuses to its employees. As it relates to compensation, the philosophy has been and remains to better align the interests of certain professionals and selected other individuals who have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to the funds with those of the investors in the funds and those of the Companys shareholders. To achieve that objective, a certain amount of compensation is based on the Companys performance and growth for the year. |
ENI is a measure of profitability and has certain limitations in that it does not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. ENI represents segment income (loss) attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC, which excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Certain amounts in 2008 and 2007 have been reclassified to conform with the 2009 presentation.
F-118
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present the financial data for Apollos reportable segments, as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 respectively:
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | 7,433 | $ | | $ | 56,075 | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | 144,578 | 1,201 | 406,257 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
310,871 | 193,525 | | 504,396 | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
619,991 | 345,536 | 1,201 | 966,728 | |||||||||
Expenses |
361,327 | 218,234 | 24,540 | 604,101 | |||||||||
Other Income |
113,924 | 104,171 | 300 | 218,395 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 372,588 | $ | 231,473 | $ | (23,039 | ) | $ | 581,022 | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,062,043 | $ | 981,390 | $ | 13,852 | $ | 2,057,285 | |||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated and combined financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009:
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Consolidated
and Combined |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 966,728 | $ | | $ | 966,728 | ||||||
Expenses |
604,101 | 1,102,404 | (1) | 1,706,505 | ||||||||
Other income |
218,395 | 454,706 | (2) | 673,101 | ||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 581,022 | (3) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 2,057,285 | $ | 1,327,912 | (4) | $ | 3,385,197 | |||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of AAA and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 471,873 | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(17,167 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 454,706 | ||
F-119
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the consolidated and combined statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 581,022 | ||
Income tax provision |
(28,714 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(7,818 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
400,440 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(1,100,106 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (155,176 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of AAA and Commodities Trading Fund. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the year ended December 31, 2009:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | | $ | 48,642 | $ | 7,433 | $ | | $ | 7,433 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | | 260,478 | 144,578 | | 144,578 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 262,890 | 262,890 | | 120,126 | 120,126 | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | 50,404 | 22,995 | 73,399 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 47,981 | 47,981 | | | | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
309,120 | 310,871 | 619,991 | 202,415 | 143,121 | 345,536 | ||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
127,751 | 124,048 | 251,799 | 88,686 | 43,500 | 132,186 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses |
109,528 | | 109,528 | 86,048 | | 86,048 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
237,279 | 124,048 | 361,327 | 174,734 | 43,500 | 218,234 | ||||||||||||
Other Income |
58,701 | 55,223 | 113,924 | 19,309 | 84,862 | 104,171 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 130,542 | $ | 242,046 | $ | 372,588 | $ | 46,990 | $ | 184,483 | $ | 231,473 | ||||||
F-120
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,201 | | 1,201 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,201 | | 1,201 | |||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
10,919 | | 10,919 | |||||||||
Other expenses |
13,621 | | 13,621 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
24,540 | | 24,540 | |||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
1,043 | (743 | ) | 300 | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (22,296 | ) | $ | (743 | ) | $ | (23,039 | ) | |||
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 145,181 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | 139,779 | | 384,247 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(844,579 | ) | 48,446 | | (796,133 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(479,298 | ) | 212,593 | | (266,705 | ) | ||||||||||
Expenses |
13,040 | 199,747 | 6,003 | 218,790 | ||||||||||||
Other Loss |
(61,971 | ) | (63,484 | ) | | (125,455 | ) | |||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (554,309 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | $ | (6,003 | ) | $ | (610,950 | ) | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 809,200 | $ | 838,700 | $ | 8 | $ | 1,647,908 | ||||||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated and combined financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008:
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Consolidated
and Combined |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | (266,705 | ) | $ | | $ | (266,705 | ) | ||||
Expenses |
218,790 | 1,129,979 | (1) | 1,348,769 | ||||||||
Other loss |
(125,455 | ) | (1,186,239 | ) (2) | (1,311,694 | ) | ||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (610,950 | ) (3) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,647,908 | $ | 826,624 | (4) | $ | 2,474,532 | |||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of AAA and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-121
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (1,230,656 | ) | |
Income from equity method investments |
44,417 | |||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | (1,186,239 | ) | |
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Loss to Net Loss reported in the consolidated and combined statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (610,950 | ) | |
Income tax benefit |
36,995 | |||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(14,918 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
801,799 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(1,125,184 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (912,258 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of AAA. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the year ended December 31, 2008:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | | $ | 120,813 | $ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 24,368 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | | 244,468 | 139,779 | | 139,779 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses |
| (1,206,060 | ) | (1,206,060 | ) | | (5,240 | ) | (5,240 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | 49,829 | 3,857 | 53,686 | |||||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 361,481 | 361,481 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
365,281 | (844,579 | ) | (479,298 | ) | 213,976 | (1,383 | ) | 212,593 | ||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
118,889 | (482,682 | ) | (363,793 | ) | 77,530 | | 77,530 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
376,833 | | 376,833 | 122,217 | | 122,217 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
495,722 | (482,682 | ) | 13,040 | 199,747 | | 199,747 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
5,081 | (67,052 | ) | (61,971 | ) | 9,678 | (73,162 | ) | (63,484 | ) | |||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (125,360 | ) | $ | (428,949 | ) | $ | (554,309 | ) | $ | 23,907 | $ | (74,545 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million during 2008 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
F-122
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
| | | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
4,679 | | 4,679 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
1,324 | | 1,324 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
6,003 | | 6,003 | ||||||||
Other Income |
| | | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (6,003 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,003 | ) | |||
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 90,408 | $ | 194 | $ | 90,602 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
149,180 | 100,244 | 249,424 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
656,901 | 80,186 | 737,087 | |||||||||
Total Revenue |
896,489 | 180,624 | 1,077,113 | |||||||||
Expenses |
679,917 | (1) | 276,227 | (1) | 956,144 | (1) | ||||||
Other Income |
27,500 | 4,377 | 31,877 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 244,072 | $ | (91,226 | ) | $ | 152,846 | |||||
(1) | Includes expenses related to beneficial conversion feature relating to Strategic Investor debt conversion, placement fees and transaction costs. |
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated and combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007.
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments |
Consolidated
and Combined |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 1,077,113 | $ | (439,263 | ) (2) | $ | 637,850 | |||||
Expenses |
956,144 | 1,006,583 | (3) | 1,962,727 | ||||||||
Other Income |
31,877 | 2,540,181 | (4) | 2,572,058 | ||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 152,846 | (5) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
(2) | Revenues consist of: (i) addition of funds share of transaction and advisory fees, (ii) elimination of management fee income earned from funds, and (iii) elimination of carried interest income earned from funds. |
(3) | Represents the addition of expenses of the funds and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-123
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(4) | Results from the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 2,279,336 | ||
Dividend income from affiliates |
238,058 | |||
Interest income |
33,079 | |||
Loss from equity method investments |
(10,292 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 2,540,181 | ||
(5) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the consolidated and combined statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 152,846 | ||
Income tax provision |
(6,726 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(4,471 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
278,549 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(989,849 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (569,651 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
F-124
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the year ended December 31, 2007:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2007 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 90,408 | $ | | $ | 90,408 | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 194 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
149,180 | | 149,180 | 100,244 | | 100,244 | |||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 387,906 | 387,906 | | 5,216 | 5,216 | |||||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | 51,532 | 23,438 | 74,970 | |||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 268,995 | 268,995 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
239,588 | 656,901 | 896,489 | 151,970 | 28,654 | 180,624 | |||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
70,226 | 307,739 | 377,965 | 79,327 | 3,189 | 82,516 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
301,952 | | 301,952 | 193,711 | | 193,711 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
372,178 | 307,739 | 679,917 | 273,038 | 3,189 | 276,227 | |||||||||||||||
Other Income |
16,836 | 10,664 | 27,500 | 3,027 | 1,350 | 4,377 | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (115,754 | ) | $ | 359,826 | $ | 244,072 | $ | (118,041 | ) | $ | 26,815 | $ | (91,226 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $51.5 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $10.3 million during 2007 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Approximately 6.7 million RSUs were granted to the Companys employees during the first quarter of 2010.
F-125
AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
DATED AS OF JULY 13, 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||||
ARTICLE I |
DEFINITIONS |
1 | ||||
Section 1.1 |
Definitions |
1 | ||||
Section 1.2 |
Interpretation |
10 | ||||
ARTICLE II |
ORGANIZATION |
11 | ||||
Section 2.1 |
Formation |
11 | ||||
Section 2.2 |
Certificate of Formation |
11 | ||||
Section 2.3 |
Name |
12 | ||||
Section 2.4 |
Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices |
12 | ||||
Section 2.5 |
Purposes |
12 | ||||
Section 2.6 |
Powers |
12 | ||||
Section 2.7 |
Power of Attorney |
12 | ||||
Section 2.8 |
Term |
13 | ||||
Section 2.9 |
Title to Company Assets |
13 | ||||
ARTICLE III |
MEMBERS AND SHARES |
14 | ||||
Section 3.1 |
Members |
14 | ||||
Section 3.2 |
Authorization to Issue Shares |
14 | ||||
Section 3.3 |
Certificates |
15 | ||||
Section 3.4 |
Record Holders |
16 | ||||
Section 3.5 |
Registration and Transfer of Shares |
16 | ||||
Section 3.6 |
Restrictions on Transfers |
17 | ||||
Section 3.7 |
Citizenship Certificates; Non-citizen Assignees |
18 | ||||
Section 3.8 |
Redemption of Shares of Non-citizen Assignees |
18 | ||||
Section 3.9 |
Rights of Members |
19 | ||||
Section 3.10 |
ERISA Ownership Limitations |
20 | ||||
ARTICLE IV |
SPLITS AND COMBINATIONS |
22 | ||||
Section 4.1 |
Splits and Combinations |
22 | ||||
ARTICLE V |
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; ALLOCATIONS OF TAX ITEMS; DISTRIBUTIONS |
22 | ||||
Section 5.1 |
Maintenance of Capital Accounts; Allocations |
22 | ||||
Section 5.2 |
Distributions to Record Holders |
23 | ||||
ARTICLE VI |
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF BUSINESS |
24 | ||||
Section 6.1 |
Management |
24 | ||||
Section 6.2 |
Restrictions on Managers Authority |
26 | ||||
Section 6.3 |
Resignation of the Manager |
26 | ||||
Section 6.4 |
Board Generally |
26 | ||||
Section 6.5 |
Election of Directors |
27 | ||||
Section 6.6 |
Removal |
27 |
A-i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
A-ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||||||
Section 9.6 |
Waiver of Partition |
38 | ||||
ARTICLE X |
AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT |
38 | ||||
Section 10.1 |
Amendments to be Adopted Solely by the Manager |
38 | ||||
Section 10.2 |
Amendment Procedures |
39 | ||||
Section 10.3 |
Amendment Requirements |
40 | ||||
ARTICLE XI |
MERGER, CONSOLIDATION OR CONVERSION |
40 | ||||
Section 11.1 |
Authority |
40 | ||||
Section 11.2 |
Procedure for Merger, Consolidation or Conversion |
40 | ||||
Section 11.3 |
Approval by Members of Merger, Consolidation or Conversion or Sales of Substantially All of the Companys Assets |
41 | ||||
Section 11.4 |
Certificate of Merger or Conversion |
42 | ||||
Section 11.5 |
Amendment of Agreement |
42 | ||||
Section 11.6 |
Effect of Merger |
42 | ||||
Section 11.7 |
Corporate Treatment; Change of Law |
43 | ||||
ARTICLE XII |
MEMBER MEETINGS |
43 | ||||
Section 12.1 |
Member Meetings |
43 | ||||
Section 12.2 |
Notice of Meetings of Members |
44 | ||||
Section 12.3 |
Record Date |
44 | ||||
Section 12.4 |
Quorum: Required Vote for Member Action; Voting for Directors; Adjournment |
44 | ||||
Section 12.5 |
Conduct of a Meeting; Member Lists |
45 | ||||
Section 12.6 |
Action Without a Meeting |
45 | ||||
Section 12.7 |
Voting and Other Rights |
45 | ||||
Section 12.8 |
Proxies and Voting |
46 | ||||
ARTICLE XIII |
GENERAL PROVISIONS |
47 | ||||
Section 13.1 |
Addresses and Notices |
47 | ||||
Section 13.2 |
Further Assurances |
47 | ||||
Section 13.3 |
Binding Effect |
47 | ||||
Section 13.4 |
Integration |
47 | ||||
Section 13.5 |
Creditors |
48 | ||||
Section 13.6 |
Waiver |
48 | ||||
Section 13.7 |
Counterparts |
48 | ||||
Section 13.8 |
Applicable Law |
48 | ||||
Section 13.9 |
Severability |
48 | ||||
Section 13.10 |
Consent of Members |
48 | ||||
Section 13.11 |
Facsimile Signatures |
48 |
A-iii
This Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 (as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, this Agreement ), of Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Company ), is made and entered into and shall be effective as of this 13th day of July, 2007, by and among the Members (as defined below), AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Manager ), and the Company.
WHEREAS , the Company was formed under the Delaware Act pursuant to a certificate of formation filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 3, 2007;
WHEREAS , the Company and certain Members originally entered into a Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated as of July 3, 2007 (the Original Agreement ), for the purpose of governing the affairs of, and the conduct of the business of, a limited liability company formed pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act;
WHEREAS, the parties hereto are entering into this Agreement to amend and restate the Original Agreement in its entirety as set forth herein and the Manager has authorized and approved an amendment and restatement of the Original Agreement on the terms set forth herein.
NOW , THEREFORE , the parties hereto, in consideration of the mutual covenants and undertakings contained herein and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1 Definitions .
The following definitions shall be for all purposes, unless otherwise clearly indicated to the contrary, applied to the terms used in this Agreement.
Affiliate of any Person means any other Person that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such first Person. Except as expressly stated otherwise in this Agreement, the term Affiliate with respect to the Company does not include at any time any Fund or Portfolio Company.
Aggregate Class B Vote has the meaning set forth in Section 12.7(e) .
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement.
Agreement Among Principals means the Agreement Among Principals, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Principals, Black Family Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, MJR Foundation LLC, a New York limited liability company, BRH and Holdings, as may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Apollo Employer means the Company (or such successor thereto or such other entity controlled by the Company or its successor as may be such Persons employer at such time, but does not include any Portfolio Companies).
Apollo Group means (i) the Manager and its Affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (ii) Holdings and its Affiliates, including their respective general partners,
A-1
members and limited partners, (iii) with respect to each Principal, such Principal and such Principals Group, (iv) any former or current investment professional of or other employee of an Apollo Employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and any member of such Persons Group, (v) any former or current executive officer of an Apollo Employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and any member of such Persons Group; and (vi) any former or current director of an Apollo Employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and any member of such Persons Group.
Apollo Operating Group means (i) Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed by the Company or its Subsidiaries to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management) and (ii) any such carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed by the Company or its Affiliates to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management) and receiving management fees, incentive fees, fees paid by Portfolio Companies, carry or other remuneration which are not Subsidiaries of the Persons described in clause (i), excluding any Funds and any Portfolio Companies.
Applicable Law means, with respect to any Person, all provisions of laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations, permits, certificates, judgments, decisions, decrees or orders of any Governmental Entity applicable to such Person.
Assets means all assets, whether, tangible or intangible and whether real, personal or mixed, at any time owned by the Company, including cash and investments acquired by the Manager for the account of the Company in the course of carrying on the activities of the Company, including the lending of money or the purchasing of shares, bonds, debentures, notes, warrants, options or other securities, instruments, rights or any other assets of the Company (whether convertible or exchangeable or not);
Audit Committee means a committee of the Board designated as such in accordance with Section 6.15 hereof, and composed entirely of one or more Independent Directors.
Beneficial Owner means, with respect to a Share, a Person who directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise has or shares: (A) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such Share and/or (B) investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such Share. The terms Beneficially Own and Beneficial Ownership have correlative meanings.
Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
Business Day means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to close.
BRH means BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.
BRH Holdings means BRH Holdings GP, Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company.
BRH Holdings Cessation Date has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(c) .
Capital Contribution means any cash, cash equivalents or the fair market value (as determined by the Manager) of any property or asset that a Member contributes to the Company pursuant to this Agreement.
A-2
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Company asset, the assets adjusted basis for U.S. federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Company shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the Manager, and the Carrying Values of all Company assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in United States Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of: (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Share by any new or existing Members in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Company assets to a Member; (c) the date a Share is relinquished to the Company; or (d) any other date specified in the United States Treasury Regulations; provided however that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the Manager to reflect the relative economic interests of the Members. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Net Income (Loss) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate means a certificate issued in global form in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Depository Trust Company or in such other form as may be adopted by the Manager, issued by the Company evidencing ownership of one or more Class A Common Shares or Class B Common Shares or a certificate, in such form as may be adopted by the Manager, issued by the Company evidencing ownership of one or more other securities of the Company.
Certificate of Formation means the Certificate of Formation of the Company filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, as may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Charitable Institution means an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code (or any corresponding provision of a future United State Internal Revenue law) which is exempt from income taxation under Section 501(a) thereof.
Charitable Beneficiary means one or more beneficiaries of a trust as determined pursuant to Section 3.10(d)(vi) , provided that each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
Citizenship Certification means a properly completed certificate in such form as may be specified by the Manager by which a Member certifies that he, she or it (and if he, she or it is a nominee holding for the account of another Person, that to the best of his knowledge such other Person) is an Eligible Citizen.
Class A Common Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Company (including any non-voting Class A Common Shares held by an Investor or its Affiliates) representing limited liability company interests in the Company, having such rights associated with such Class A Common Shares as set forth in this Agreement and any equity securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Class A Common Shares (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
Class B Common Shares means the Class B Common Shares of the Company representing limited liability company interests in the Company, having such rights associated with such Class B Common Shares as set forth in this Agreement and any equity securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Class B Common Shares (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
A-3
Common Shares means the Class A Common Shares and Class B Common Shares.
Company has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement, including any successor entity thereto.
Company Group means the Company and each Subsidiary of the Company.
Company Group Member means a member of the Company Group.
Conflicts Committee means a committee of the Board designated as such in accordance with Section 6.15 hereof, and composed entirely of one or more Independent Directors.
Control means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contrast or otherwise, and controlling and controlled shall have meanings correlative thereto.
CS Rights Agreement means the Registration Rights Agreement, to be entered into by and between the Company and CS (as defined in the Shareholders Agreement), as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Current Market Price means with respect to any class of Shares as of any date, the average of the daily closing prices per Share of such class for the 20 consecutive Trading Days immediately prior to such date, or as otherwise determined in accordance with Section 3.8(a)(ii) .
Delaware Act means the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. Section 18-101, et seq., as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and any successor to such statute.
Departing Manager means a former Manager from and after the effective date of any withdrawal of such former Manager.
DGCL means the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and any successor to such statute.
Director means a member of the Board.
Eligible Citizen means a Person qualified to own interests in real property in jurisdictions in which any Company Group Member does business or proposes to do business from time to time, and whose status as a Member the Manager determines in its sole discretion does not or would not subject such Company Group Member to a significant risk of cancellation or forfeiture of any of its properties or any interest therein.
ERISA means the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Law of 1974, as amended, and rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
ERISA Person means any Person which is, or is acting on behalf of, a Plan.
ERISA Trust has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(g) .
Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the Exchange Agreement, dated as of date hereof, by and among the Company, each member of the Apollo Operating Group, Intermediate Holdings and the other parties thereto.
A-4
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Governmental Entity means any Federal, state, county, city, local or foreign governmental, administrative or regulatory authority, commission, committee, agency or body (including any court, tribunal or arbitral body).
Group has the meaning set forth in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act as in effect on the date of this Agreement.
Holdings means AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.
Indemnified Person means: (a) the Manager, (b) any Departing Manager; (c) any Affiliate of the Manager or any Departing Manager; (d) any member, partner, Tax Matters Partner (as defined in the Code), officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of any Company Group Member, the Manager, any Departing Manager or any of their respective Affiliates; (e) any Person who is or was serving at the request of the Manager or any Departing Manager or any of their respective Affiliates as an officer, director, employee, member, partner, Tax Matters Partner, agent, fiduciary or trustee of another Person; provided that a Person shall not be an Indemnified Person by reason of providing, on a fee-for-services basis, trustee, fiduciary or custodial services; and (f) any Person that the Manager in its sole discretion designates as an Indemnified Person for purposes of this Agreement.
Independent Director means a Director who meets the then current independence standards required of audit committee members established by the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder and by each National Securities Exchange on which Shares are listed for trading.
Initial Offering means the earlier to occur of (i) a Private Placement or (ii) an IPO.
Initial Offering Registration Rights Agreements means any registration rights agreement approved by the Manager in connection with the consummation of an IPO.
Investment Company Act means the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Investor means, each of the APOC Holdings, Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company, and California Public Employees Retirement System, a unit of the State and Consumer Services Agency of the State of California (together with its Affiliates that become Noteholders under the Strategic Agreement).
IPO means the earlier of (i) the consummation of an underwritten public offering of Class A Common Shares pursuant to an effective registration statement (other than on Forms S-4 or S-8 or successors and/or equivalents to such forms); provided , that no such underwritten public offering shall constitute an IPO for the purposes of this Agreement unless (x) it involves a sale to underwriters for distribution to the public representing a public float of at least 10% of the then Outstanding Voting Power of the Company (calculated on a fully-diluted basis as if all outstanding Operating Group Units have been exchanged for, and all outstanding Notes have been converted into, Class A Common Shares) and (y) such offering satisfies the Price Threshold, and (ii) the effectiveness of the shelf registration statement to be filed by the Company in respect of the Class A Common Shares to be sold in the Private Placement; in the case of clauses both (i) and (ii), such registration statement to be filed by the Company with the SEC or (in connection with a listing on the London Stock Exchange) with the Financial Services Authority of the United Kingdom.
IPO Date means the first date on which Class A Common Shares are delivered by the Company to the Underwriters pursuant to the provisions of the Underwriting Agreement.
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Lender Rights Agreement means the Lender Rights Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Investors and the Company, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Liquidator means one or more Persons selected by the Manager to perform the functions described in Section 9.2 as liquidating trustee of the Company within the meaning of the Delaware Act.
Manager has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Member means any Person owning any Share in the Company, including any Substitute Member or any Person admitted as a Member of the Company in accordance with Article III as a result of an issuance of Shares by the Company to such Person.
Merger Agreement has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1 .
National Securities Exchange means an exchange registered with the SEC under Section 6(a) of the Exchange Act or any other exchange (domestic or foreign, and whether or not so registered) designated by the Manager as a National Securities Exchange.
Net Income (Loss) for any tax years means the taxable income or loss of the Company for such period as determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Company for U.S. federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments; (i) any income of the Company that is exempt from U.S. federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Income (Loss) shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (ii) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for U.S. federal income tax purposes, any depreciation, amortization or gain resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (iii) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; and (iv) any expenditures of the Company not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Income (Loss) pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Non-citizen Assignee means a Person whom the Manager has determined in its sole discretion does not constitute an Eligible Citizen and as to whose Shares the Manager has become the Member, pursuant to Section 3.8 .
Noteholder means any Person who holds a Note, other than Persons who acquired Notes in a transaction not permitted by the Notes, the Strategic Agreement, any substantially similar agreement pursuant to which additional Notes may be issued and the Lender Rights Agreement.
Notes means the 7% convertible senior unsecured notes of the Company, convertible into non-voting Class A Common Shares, as each may be amended, supplemented, restated or otherwise modified from time to time. Notes shall also include any additional Notes issued within ninety (90) days of the date hereof.
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represent one limited partnership interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Opinion of Counsel means a written opinion of counsel (who may be regular counsel to the Company or any of its Affiliates) acceptable to the Manager.
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Outstanding means, with respect to Company securities, all Company securities that are issued by the Company and reflected as outstanding on the Companys books and records as of the date of determination; provided , however , that if at any time any Person or Group (other than any member of the Apollo Group) Beneficially Owns 20% or more of any class of Outstanding Shares, all Shares owned by such Person or Group shall not be entitled to be voted on any matter and shall not be considered to be Outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of Members to vote on any matter (unless otherwise required by Applicable Law), calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes under this Agreement; provided , further , that the foregoing limitation shall not apply: (i) to any Person or Group who acquired 20% or more of any Outstanding Shares of any class then Outstanding directly from any member of the Apollo Group; (ii) to any Person or Group who acquired 20% or more of any Outstanding Shares of any class then Outstanding directly or indirectly from a Person or Group described in clause (i) provided that the Manager shall have notified such Person or Group in writing that such limitation shall not apply; or (iii) to any Person or Group who acquired 20% or more of any Shares issued by the Company with the prior approval of the Manager; provided , further , that if at any time the Investor or any of its Affiliates Beneficially Owns any Class A Common Shares, no Class A Common Shares Beneficially Owned by the Investor or any of its Affiliates shall be entitled to be voted on any matter and shall not be considered to be Outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of Members to vote on any matter (unless otherwise required by Applicable Law), calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes under this Agreement.
Percentage Interest means, as to any Class A Common Shares held by any Person (assuming the conversion of the Notes into Class A Common Shares), the product obtained by multiplying (a) 100% less the percentage applicable to the Shares referred to in clause (iii) by (b) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the number of such Class A Common Shares held by such Person (determined on an as-converted basis) by (y) the total number of all Outstanding Class A Common Shares (determined on an as-converted basis), (ii) as to any Class B Common Shares, 0%, and (iii) as to any other Shares, the percentage established for such Shares by the Manager as a part of the issuance of such Shares.
Person shall be construed broadly and includes any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, estate, business, association, trust, Governmental Entity or other entity.
Plan means (a) an employee benefit plan (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Part 4 of Subtitle B Title I of ERISA, (b) a plan, individual retirement account or other arrangement that is subject to Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Law, or (c) an entity whose underlying assets are considered to include plan assets of any such plan, account or arrangement pursuant to ERISA, the Code, any applicable Similar Law or otherwise;
Plan Asset Regulations means the plan asset regulations of the U.S. Department of Labor, 29 C.F.R. Sec. 2510.3-101 (as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA);
Plan of Conversion has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1 .
Portfolio Company means any Person in which any Fund owns or has made, directly or indirectly, an Investment (as defined in the Strategic Agreement).
Preferred Shares means a class of Shares that entitles the Record Holders thereof to a preference or priority over the Record Holders of any other class of Shares in: (i) the right to share profits or losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Company distributions; or (iii) rights upon dissolution or liquidation of the Company.
Price Threshold has the meaning set forth in the Strategic Agreement.
Principal means each of Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan and Joshua J. Harris.
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Principals Group means with respect to each Principal, such Principal and (i) such Principals spouse, (ii) a lineal descendant of such Principals parents, the spouse of any such descendant or a lineal descendent of any such spouse, (iii) a Charitable Institution controlled solely by such Principal and other members of such Principals Group, (iv) a trustee of a trust (whether inter vivos or testamentary), all of the current beneficiaries and presumptive remaindermen of which are one or more of such Principal and Persons described in clauses (i) through (iii) of this definition, (v) a corporation, limited liability company or partnership, of which all of the outstanding shares of capital stock or interests therein are owned by one or more of such Principal and Persons described in clauses (i) through (iv) of this definition, (vi) an individual mandated under a qualified domestic relations order, or (vii) a legal or personal representative of such Principal in the event of his death or Disability. For purposes of this definition, (x) lineal descendants shall not include individuals adopted after attaining the age of eighteen (18) years and such adopted Persons descendants; and (y) presumptive remaindermen shall refer to those Persons entitled to a share of a trusts assets if it were then to terminate. No Principal shall ever be a member of the Principal Group of another Principal. As used herein, Principals Group means individually, any member of a Principals Group or, collectively, more than one member of a Principals Group.
Private Placement means a private placement of Class A Common Shares pursuant to Rule 144A (or any successor provision) and Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act, in an offering (i) to at least fifteen (15) purchasers and (ii) that requires the Company to file with the SEC a shelf registration statement permitting registered re-sales of the Class A Common Shares within eight (8) months of the consummation of such offering (subject to Section 6.2(d) ); provided , that no such private placement shall qualify as a Private Placement for the purposes of this Agreement, unless (x) such offering satisfies the Price Threshold and (y) it involves engagement of one or more initial purchasers, placement agents or investment banks performing a similar role for the purpose of facilitating the distribution of Class A Common Shares representing at least 10% of the then outstanding equity interests of the Company (calculated on a fully-diluted basis as if all outstanding Operating Group Units have been exchanged for, and all outstanding Notes had been converted into, Class A Common Shares); provided , further that in the event that any Person purchases Class A Common Shares representing more than 25% of such offering, the amount in excess of 25% shall be disregarded for the purpose of determining whether the 10% threshold set forth in this clause (y) has been satisfied.
Prohibited Owner has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(a) .
Quarter means, unless the context requires otherwise, a fiscal quarter, or, with respect to the first fiscal quarter after the IPO Date, the portion of such fiscal quarter after the IPO Date, of the Company.
Record Date means the date established by the Manager in its sole discretion for determining (a) the identity of the Record Holders entitled to notice of, or to vote at, any meeting of Members or entitled to vote by ballot or give approval of Company action in writing without a meeting or entitled to exercise rights in respect of any lawful action of Members; or (b) the identity of Record Holders entitled to receive any report or distribution or to participate in any offer.
Record Holder or holder means with respect to any Shares, the Person in whose name such Shares are registered on the books of the Transfer Agent as of the opening of business on a particular Business Day.
Registration Statement means (i) any registration statement or comparable U.K. filing, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, filed by the Company with the SEC or the Financial Services Authority of the United Kingdom (other than on Forms S-4 or S-8 or successors and/or equivalents to such forms), in each case, to register the offering and sale of the Class A Common Shares in the Initial Offering, or (ii) any Private Placement offering memorandum, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, prepared by the Company pursuant to an exemption from the Securities Act including, without limitation, Rule 144A and Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act to effect a Private Placement of Class A Common Shares by the Company in the Initial Offering.
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Roll-up Agreements mean the several Roll-up Agreements, each dated as of the date hereof, among Holdings, BRH, the Company, APO Corp., a Delaware corporation, and APO Asset Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, on the one hand, and a senior manager of Apollo, on the other hand, in each case, dated as of the date hereof.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Share means a share of capital stock or other equity interests (including, the Class A Common Shares and the Class B Common Shares) of the Company or any options, warrants or other securities that are directly or indirectly convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, capital stock or other equity interests of the Company then outstanding (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Notes).
Share Designation means, with respect to any additional Shares that may be issued by the Company in one or more classes in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be junior to, equivalent to, or senior or superior to, any existing classes of Shares), as shall be fixed by the Manager and reflected in a written action or actions approved by the Manager.
Shareholders Agreement means the Shareholders Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company, Holdings, BRH, Black Family Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, MJR Foundation LLC, a New York limited liability company, and each of the Principals, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Similar Law means any state, local, non-U.S. or other laws or regulations that would have the same effect as the Plan Asset Regulations so as to cause the underlying assets of the Company to be treated as assets of an investing entity by virtue of its investment (or any beneficial interest) in the Company and thereby subject the Company and the Manager (or other Persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Companys assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Special Approval means either (a) approval by a majority of the members of the Conflicts Committee, as applicable, or (b) approval by the vote of the Record Holders of a majority of the voting power of the Outstanding Voting Shares (excluding Voting Shares owned by the Manager and its Affiliates).
Strategic Agreement means the Strategic Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among the Company, the Investors, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Subsidiary or Subsidiaries means, with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, any other Person as to which such Person owns, directly or indirectly, or otherwise controls, more than 50% of the voting shares or other similar interests or the sole general partner interest or managing member or similar interest of such Person. The term Subsidiary does not include at any time any Funds or Portfolio Companies.
Substitute Member means a Person who is admitted as a Member of the Company pursuant to Article III as a result of a Transfer of Shares to such Person.
Surviving Business Entity has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2(a)(ii) .
Tax Matters Partner means the tax matters partner as defined in the Code.
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Tax Receivable Agreement means the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among APO Corp., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (together with all other Persons in which APO Corp. acquires a partnership interest, member interest or similar interest after the date thereof and who becomes party thereto by execution of a joinder), Holdings, the Principals and the Senior Managers party thereto, as such agreement may be amended, supplemented, restated or otherwise modified from time to time.
Trading Day means a day on which the principal National Securities Exchange on which such Shares of any class are listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if Shares of a class are not listed or admitted to trading on any National Securities Exchange, a day on which banking institutions in New York City generally are open.
Transfer means a direct or indirect sale, assignment, gift, exchange or any other disposition by law or otherwise, including any transfer upon foreclosure of any pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation or mortgage.
Transfer Agent means, with respect to any class of Shares, such bank, trust company or other Person (including the Company or one of its Affiliates) as shall be appointed from time to time by the Company to act as registrar and transfer agent for such class of Shares; provided that if no Transfer Agent is specifically designated for such class of Shares, the Company shall act in such capacity.
Trust has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2(g) .
Trustee means the Person unaffiliated with the Company that is appointed by the Manager to serve as trustee of an ERISA Trust.
Underwriter means each Person named as an underwriter or purchaser in the Underwriting Agreement who is obligated to purchase Class A Common Shares pursuant thereto.
Underwriting Agreement means the underwriting agreement or the purchase agreement, as the case may be, expected to be entered into by the Company providing for the sale of Class A Common Shares in the Initial Offering, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Voting Power means the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of Voting Shares Outstanding as of the relevant Record Date.
Voting Share means a Class A Common Share (other than any Class A Common Shares Beneficially Owned by the Investor or any of its Affiliates), a Class B Common Share and any other Share of the Company that is designated as a Voting Share from time to time.
Section 1.2 Interpretation . In this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires:
(a) words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa;
(b) pronouns of either gender or neuter shall include, as appropriate, the other pronoun forms;
(c) a reference to a clause, party, annex, exhibit or schedule is a reference to a clause of, and a party, annex, exhibit and schedule to this Agreement, and a reference to this Agreement includes any annex, exhibit and schedule hereto;
(d) a reference to a statute, regulations, proclamation, ordinance or by-law includes all statues, regulations, proclamations, ordinances or by-laws amending, consolidating or replacing it, whether passed by the same or another Governmental Entity with legal power to do so, and a reference to a statute includes all regulations, proclamations, ordinances and by-laws issued under the statute;
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(e) a reference to a document includes all amendments or supplements to, or replacements or novations of, that document;
(f) a reference to a party to a document includes that partys successors, permitted transferees and permitted assigns;
(g) the use of the term including means including, without limitation;
(h) the words herein, hereof, hereunder and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole, including the annexes, schedules and exhibits, as the same may from time to time be amended, modified, supplemented or restated, and not to any particular section, subsection, paragraph, subparagraph or clause contained in this Agreement;
(i) the title of and the section and paragraph headings used in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not govern of affect the interpretation of any of the terms or provisions in this Agreement;
(j) where specific language is used to clarify by example a general statement contained herein, such specific language shall not be deemed to modify, limit or restrict in any manner the construction of the general statement to which it relates;
(k) the language used in this Agreement has been chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against any party; and
(l) unless expressly provided otherwise, the measure of a period of one month or year for purposes of this Agreement shall be that date of the following month or year corresponding to the starting date; provided , that if no corresponding date exists, the measure shall be that date of the following month or year corresponding to the next day following the starting date (for example, one month following February 18 is March 18, and one month following March 31 is May 1).
ARTICLE II
ORGANIZATION
Section 2.1 Formation . The Company has been formed as a limited liability company pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act. Except as expressly provided to the contrary in this Agreement, the rights, duties, liabilities and obligations of the Members and the administration, dissolution and termination of the Company shall be governed by the Delaware Act. All Shares shall constitute personal property of the owner thereof for all purposes and a Member has no interest in specific Company property.
Section 2.2 Certificate of Formation . The Certificate of Formation has been filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required by the Delaware Act, such filing being hereby confirmed, ratified and approved in all respects. The Manager shall use all reasonable efforts to cause to be filed such other certificates or documents that it determines to be necessary or appropriate for the formation, continuation, qualification and operation of a limited liability company in the State of Delaware or any other state in which the Company may elect to do business or own property. To the extent that the Manager determines such action to be necessary or appropriate, the Manager shall direct the appropriate officers of the Company to file amendments to and restatements of the Certificate of Formation and do all things to maintain the Company as a limited liability company under the laws of the State of Delaware or of any other state in which the Company may elect to do business or own property, and any such officer so directed shall be an authorized person of the Company within the meaning of the Delaware Act for purposes of filing any such certificate with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. Subject to Section 3.9(a) , the Company shall not be required, before or after filing, to deliver or mail a copy of the Certificate of Formation, any qualification document or any amendment thereto to any Member.
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Section 2.3 Name . The name of the Company shall be Apollo Global Management, LLC. The Companys business may be conducted under any other name or names, as determined by the Manager. The words Limited Liability Company, LLC or similar words or letters shall be included in the Companys name where necessary for the purpose of complying with the laws of any jurisdiction that so requires. The Manager may change the name of the Company at any time and from time to time by filing an amendment to the Certificate of Formation (and upon any such filing this Agreement shall be deemed automatically amended to change the name of the Company) and shall notify the Members of such change in the next regular communication to the Members.
Section 2.4 Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices . Unless and until changed by the Manager, the registered office of the Company in the State of Delaware shall be located at 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19808, and the registered agent for service of process on the Company in the State of Delaware at such registered office shall be Corporation Service Company. The principal office of the Company shall be located at 9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor, New York, New York 10019 or such other place as the Manager may from time to time designate by notice to the Members. The Company may maintain offices at such other place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate.
Section 2.5 Purposes . The purpose and nature of the business to be conducted by the Company shall be to: (a) engage directly in, or enter into or form any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other arrangement to engage indirectly in, any business activity that is approved by the Manager in its sole discretion and that lawfully may be conducted by a limited liability company organized pursuant to the Delaware Act and, in connection therewith, to exercise all of the rights and powers conferred upon the Company pursuant to the agreements relating to such business activity; and (b) do anything necessary or appropriate in furtherance of Section 2.5(a) , including the making of capital contributions or loans to a Company Group Member. To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Manager shall have no duty or obligation to propose or approve, and may decline to propose or approve, the conduct by the Company of any business free of any duty (including any fiduciary duty) or obligation whatsoever to the Company or any Member and, in declining to so propose or approve, shall not be deemed to have breached this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby, the Delaware Act or any other provision of Applicable Law.
Section 2.6 Powers . The Company shall be empowered to do any and all acts and things necessary, appropriate, proper, advisable, incidental to or convenient for the furtherance and accomplishment of the purposes and business described in Section 2.5(a) and for the protection and benefit of the Company.
Section 2.7 Power of Attorney .
(a) Each Member and Record Holder hereby constitutes and appoints the Manager and, if a Liquidator (other than the Manager) shall have been selected pursuant to Section 9.2 , the Liquidator, severally (and any successor to the Liquidator by merger, Transfer, assignment, election or otherwise) and each of their authorized managers, officers and attorneys-in-fact, as the case may be, with full power of substitution, as his true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority in his name, place and stead, to:
(i) execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record in the appropriate public offices:
(A) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including this Agreement and the Certificate of Formation and all amendments or restatements hereof or thereof) that the Manager or the Liquidator, determines to be necessary or appropriate to form, qualify or continue the existence or qualification of the Company as a limited liability company in the State of Delaware and in all other jurisdictions in which the Company may conduct business or own property;
(B) all certificates, documents and other instruments that the Manager, or the Liquidator, determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect, in accordance with its terms, any amendment, change, modification or restatement of this Agreement;
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(C) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including conveyances and a certificate of cancellation) that the Manager or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect the dissolution, liquidation and termination of the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement;
(D) all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the admission, withdrawal, removal or substitution of any Member pursuant to, or other events described in, Article III or Article IX (including, without limitation, issuance and cancellations of Class B Common Shares pursuant to Section 3.2 );
(E) all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the determination of the rights, preferences and privileges of any class of Shares issued pursuant to Section 3.2 ; and
(F) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including agreements and a certificate of merger) relating to a merger, consolidation or conversion of the Company pursuant to Article XI ; and
(ii) execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record all ballots, consents, approvals, waivers, certificates, documents and other instruments that the Manager or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to: (A) make, evidence, give, confirm or ratify any vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action that is made or given by the Members hereunder or is consistent with the terms of this Agreement; or (B) effectuate the terms or intent of this Agreement; provided , that when required by Section 10.3 or any other provision of this Agreement that establishes a percentage of the Members or of the Members of any class or series required to take any action, the Manager, or the Liquidator, may exercise the power of attorney made in this Section 2.7(a) only after the necessary vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action of the Members or of the Members of such class or series, as applicable.
(b) Nothing contained in this Section 2.7 shall be construed as authorizing the Manager, or the Liquidator, to amend, change or modify this Agreement except in accordance with Article X or as may otherwise be provided in this Agreement.
(c) The foregoing power of attorney is hereby declared to be irrevocable and a power coupled with an interest, and it shall survive and, to the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law, not be affected by the subsequent death, incompetency, disability, incapacity, dissolution, bankruptcy or termination of any Member or Record Holder and the Transfer of all or any portion of such Member or Record Holders Shares and shall extend to such Member or Record Holders heirs, successors, assigns and personal representatives. Each such Member or Record Holder hereby agrees to be bound by any representation made by the Manager, or the Liquidator, pursuant to such power of attorney; and each such Member or Record Holder, to the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law, hereby waives any and all defenses that may be available to contest, negate or disaffirm the action of the Manager, or the Liquidator, taken in good faith under such power of attorney in accordance with this Section 2.7 . Each Member and Record Holder shall execute and deliver to the Manager, or the Liquidator, within 15 days after receipt of the request therefor, such further designations, powers of attorney and other instruments as such Manager or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to effectuate this Agreement and the purposes of the Company.
Section 2.8 Term . The term of the Company commenced upon the filing of the Certificate of Formation in accordance with the Delaware Act and shall continue until the dissolution of the Company in accordance with the provisions of Article IX . The existence of the Company as a separate legal entity shall continue until the cancellation of the Certificate of Formation as provided in the Delaware Act.
Section 2.9 Title to Company Assets . Title to Company assets, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible, shall be deemed to be owned by the Company as an entity, and no Member, individually or collectively, shall have any ownership interest in such Company assets or any portion thereof. Title to any or all of the Company assets may be held in the name of the Company one or more of its Affiliates or
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one or more nominees, as the Manager may determine. All Company assets shall be recorded as the property of the Company in its books and records, irrespective of the name in which record title to such Company assets is held.
ARTICLE III
MEMBERS AND SHARES
Section 3.1 Members .
(a) A Person shall be admitted as a Member and shall become bound by the terms of this Agreement if such Person purchases or otherwise lawfully acquires any Share and becomes the Record Holder of such Share in accordance with the provisions of this Article III . A Person may become a Record Holder without the consent or approval of any of the Members. A Person may not become a Member without acquiring a Share.
(b) The name and mailing address of each Member shall be listed on the books and records of the Company maintained for such purpose by the Company or the Transfer Agent. The Secretary of the Company shall update the books and records of the Company from time to time as necessary to reflect accurately the information therein (or shall cause the Transfer Agent to do so, as applicable).
(c) Except as otherwise provided in the Delaware Act, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, and the Members shall not be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Company solely by reason of being a Member of the Company.
(d) Subject to Article XI and Sections 3.8 and 3.10 , Members may not be expelled from or removed as Members of the Company. Members shall not have any right to withdraw from the Company; provided , however , that when a transferee of a Members Shares becomes a Record Holder of such Shares, such Transferring Member shall cease to be a member of the Company with respect to the Shares so Transferred.
(e) Except to the extent expressly provided in this Agreement (including any Share Designation):
(i) no Member shall be entitled to the withdrawal or return of its Capital Contribution, except to the extent that distributions, if any, made pursuant to this Agreement or upon dissolution of the Company may be considered as such by Applicable Law and then only to the extent provided for in this Agreement;
(ii) no interest shall be paid by the Company on Capital Contributions; and
(iii) except for any member of the Apollo Group, no Member, in its capacity as such, shall participate in the operation, management or control of the Companys business, transact any business in the Companys name or have the power to sign documents for or otherwise bind the Company.
(f) Any Member shall be entitled to and may have business interests and engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Company, including business interests and activities in direct competition with the Company Group, and none of the same shall constitute a breach of this Agreement or any duty (including fiduciary duties) otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise to any Company Group Member or Member. Neither the Company nor any of the other Members shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement in any such business interests or activities of any Member.
Section 3.2 Authorization to Issue Shares .
(a) The Company may issue Shares, and options, rights, warrants and appreciation rights relating to Shares, for any Company purpose at any time and from time to time to such Persons for such consideration (which may be cash, property, services or any other lawful consideration) or for no consideration and on
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such terms and conditions as the Manager shall determine, all without the approval of any Member. Each Share shall have the rights and be governed by the provisions set forth in this Agreement (including any Share Designation). Except to the extent expressly provided in this Agreement (including any Share Designation), no Share shall entitle any Member to any preemptive, preferential, or similar rights with respect to the issuance of Shares.
(b) As of the date of this Agreement, two classes of Shares have been designated: Class A Common Shares and Class B Common Shares. Subject to Article XII , the Shares shall entitle the Record Holders thereof to vote on any and all matters submitted for the consent or approval of Members generally. The Company has entered into the Lender Rights Agreement, the Shareholders Agreement and the CS Rights Agreement, which provide certain rights to the other parties thereto, including, without limitation, certain registration rights relating to the Shares. The Company, Holdings and the other parties thereto have entered into an Exchange Agreement which provides for the exchange by Holdings of Operating Group Units, on the one hand, for Class A Common Shares (or, at the election of the Company, cash), on the other hand.
(c) On the date of this Agreement, the Company shall issue one (1) Class B Common Share to BRH Holdings. On any date BRH Holdings may in its sole discretion elect to give up its Class B Common Share (the BRH Holdings Cessation Date ), and the Company shall issue one (1) Class B Common Share to each holder of record on such date of an Operating Group Unit (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) for each Operating Group Unit held, whether or not such Operating Group Unit is vested. In addition, on each date following the BRH Holdings Cessation Date that any Person that is not already a holder of a Class B Common Share shall become a holder of record of an Operating Group Unit (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries), whether or not such Operating Group Unit is vested, the Company shall issue one (1) Class B Common Share to such Person on such date for each Operating Group Unit held. In the event that a holder of a Class B Common Share shall subsequent to the BRH Holdings Cessation Date cease to be the record holder of any such Operating Group Unit, the Class B Common Share held by such holder with respect to such Operating Group Unit shall be automatically cancelled without any further action of any Person and such holder shall cease to be a Member with respect to such Class B Common Share so cancelled. Upon the issuance to it of a Class B Common Share, each holder thereof shall automatically and without further action be admitted to the Company as a Member of the Company.
(d) The Manager may, without the consent or approval of any Members, amend this Agreement and make any filings under the Delaware Act or otherwise to the extent the Manager determines that it is necessary or desirable in order to effectuate any issuance of Shares pursuant to this Article III , including, without limitation, an amendment of Section 3.2(b) .
Section 3.3 Certificates .
(a) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, unless the Manager shall determine otherwise in respect of some or all of any or all classes of Shares, Shares shall not be evidenced by certificates.
(b) In the event that Certificates are issued:
(i) such Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by the Manager (and by any authorized officer of the Company on behalf of the Manager).
(ii) No Certificate shall be valid for any purpose until it has been countersigned by the Transfer Agent; provided , however , that if the Manager elects to issue certificates evidencing Shares in global form, the certificates evidencing Shares shall be valid upon receipt of a certificate from the Transfer Agent certifying that the certificates evidencing the Shares have been duly registered in accordance with the directions of the Company.
(iii) If any mutilated Certificate is surrendered to the Transfer Agent, the authorized officers of the Company, on behalf of the Manager, shall execute, and the Transfer Agent shall countersign and deliver in exchange therefor, a new Certificate evidencing the same number and class or series of Shares as the Certificate so surrendered.
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(iv) The authorized officers of the Company, on behalf of the Manager, shall execute, and the Transfer Agent shall countersign and deliver, a new Certificate in place of any Certificate previously issued if the Record Holder of the Certificate:
(A) makes proof by affidavit, in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager, that a previously issued Certificate has been lost, destroyed or stolen;
(B) requests the issuance of a new Certificate before the Manager has notice that the Certificate has been acquired by a purchaser for value in good faith and without notice of an adverse claim;
(C) if requested by the Manager, delivers to the Manager a bond, in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager, with surety or sureties and with fixed or open penalty as the Manager may direct to indemnify the Company, the Manager and the Transfer Agent against any claim that may be made on account of the alleged loss, destruction or theft of the Certificate; and
(D) satisfies any other reasonable requirements imposed by the Manager.
(v) If a Member fails to notify the Manager within a reasonable time after he has notice of the loss, destruction or theft of a Certificate, and a Transfer of the Shares represented by the Certificate is registered before the Manager or the Transfer Agent receives such notification, the Member shall be precluded from making any claim against the Manager, the Company or the Transfer Agent for such Transfer or for a new Certificate. As a condition to the issuance of any new Certificate under this Section 3.3 , the Manager may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Transfer Agent and the Manager) connected therewith.
Section 3.4 Record Holders . The Company shall be entitled to recognize the Record Holder as the owner of a Share and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such Share on the part of any other Person, regardless of whether the Company shall have actual or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by Applicable Law, including any applicable rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange on which such Shares are listed for trading. Without limiting the foregoing, when a Person (such as a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing) is acting as nominee, agent or in some other representative capacity for another Person in acquiring and/or holding Shares, as between the Company on the one hand, and such other Person on the other, such representative Person shall be deemed the Record Holder of such Share.
Section 3.5 Registration and Transfer of Shares .
(a) No Share shall be Transferred, in whole or in part, except in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Article III . Any Transfer or purported Transfer of a Share not made in accordance with this Article III shall be null and void.
(b) Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed to prevent a disposition by any equityholder of the Manager of any or all of the issued and outstanding equity interests in the Manager.
(c) The authorized officers of the Company shall keep or cause to be kept a register in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe and subject to the provisions of Section 3.5(d) , the Company will provide for the registration and Transfer of Shares. The Transfer Agent is hereby appointed registrar and transfer agent for the purpose of registering Shares and Transfers of such Shares as herein provided.
(d) In furtherance, and not in limitation, of this Section 3.5 , in the event that Shares are evidenced by Certificates, the provisions of this Section 3.5(c) shall apply to any Transfer of Shares and the Company shall not recognize Transfers of a Certificate unless such Transfers are effected in the manner described in this Section 3.5 . Upon surrender of a Certificate for registration of Transfer of any Shares evidenced by a
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Certificate to the Company, and subject to the provisions of this Section 3.5(d) , the authorized officers of the Company, on behalf of the Manager, shall execute and deliver, and the Transfer Agent shall countersign and deliver, in the name of the holder or the designated transferee or transferees, as required pursuant to the holders instructions, one or more new Certificates evidencing the same aggregate number and type of Shares as was evidenced by the Certificate so surrendered. Except as otherwise provided in Section 3.7 , the Company shall not recognize any Transfer of Shares evidenced by Certificates until the Certificates evidencing such Shares are surrendered for registration of such Transfer. No charge shall be imposed by the Manager for such Transfer; provided that as a condition to the issuance of any new Certificate under this Section 3.5 , the Manager may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed with respect thereto.
(e) Shares shall be freely transferable subject to the following: (i) the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.5 ; (ii) Section 3.4 ; (iii) Section 3.6 ; (iv) Section 3.10 ; (v) with respect to any series of Shares, the provisions of any Share Designations, or amendments to this Agreement establishing such series; (vi) any contractual provisions that are binding on any Member; and (vii) any provisions of Applicable Law, including the Securities Act.
Section 3.6 Restrictions on Transfers .
(a) Except as provided in Section 3.6(c) below, but notwithstanding the other provisions of this Article III , no Transfer of any Shares shall be made if such Transfer would:
(i) violate the then Applicable Law, including U.S. federal or state securities laws or rules and regulations of the SEC, any state securities commission or any other applicable securities laws of a Governmental Entity (including those outside the jurisdiction of the U.S.) with jurisdiction over such Transfer or have the effect of rendering unavailable any exemption under Applicable Law relied upon for a prior transfer of such Shares;
(ii) terminate the existence or qualification of the Company under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation;
(iii) cause the Company to be treated as an association taxable as a corporation or otherwise to be taxed as an entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes (to the extent not already so treated or taxed);
(iv) require the Company to be subject to the registration requirements of the Investment Company Act; or
(v) result in (A) all or any portion of the Assets of the Company becoming or being deemed to be plan assets (pursuant to ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law or otherwise) of any existing or contemplated Member or be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code, or any applicable Similar Law, or (B) the Manager becoming or being deemed to be a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Member pursuant to ERISA, the Code, any applicable Similar Law or otherwise.
(b) The Manager may impose restrictions on the Transfer of Shares if it receives an Opinion of Counsel that such restrictions are necessary or advisable to avoid a significant risk of the Company becoming taxable as a corporation or otherwise becoming taxable as an entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Manager may impose such restrictions by amending this Agreement without the approval of the Members.
(c) Nothing contained in this Article III , or elsewhere in this Agreement, shall preclude (i) the Company from complying with its obligations under the Initial Offering Registration Rights Agreement or (ii) the settlement of any transactions involving Shares entered into through the facilities of any National Securities Exchange on which such Shares are listed for trading.
(d) By acceptance of the Transfer of any Share, and subject to compliance with Sections 3.5 and 3.6 with respect to such Transfer, each transferee of a Share (including any nominee holder or an agent or
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representative acquiring such Shares for the account of another Person): (i) shall be admitted to the Company as a Substitute Member with respect to the Shares so Transferred to such transferee when any such Transfer or admission is reflected in the books and records of the Company; (ii) shall be deemed to agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement; (iii) shall become the Record Holder of the Shares so Transferred; (iv) grants powers of attorney to the officers of the Company and any Liquidator of the Company, as specified herein; and (v) makes the consents and waivers contained in this Agreement.
(e) Any Transfer of a Share shall not entitle the transferee to share in the profits and losses, to receive distributions, to receive allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit or any similar item or to any other rights to which the transferor was entitled until the transferee becomes a Member pursuant to this Article III .
(f) The Transfer of any Shares and the admission of any new Member shall not constitute an amendment to this Agreement.
(g) For the avoidance of doubt, the restrictions on the Transfer of Shares contained herein shall be in addition to restrictions on the Transfer of Shares applicable to a Member pursuant to the terms of any agreement entered into among the Company and such Member.
Section 3.7 Citizenship Certificates; Non-citizen Assignees .
(a) If any Company Group Member is or becomes subject to any Applicable Law that, in the determination of the Manager in its sole discretion, creates a substantial risk of cancellation or forfeiture of any property in which the Company Group Member has an interest based on the nationality, citizenship or other related status of any Member, the Manager may request any Member (or, in the case of a Member that is an entity, its direct or indirect equity owners, as required) to furnish to the Manager, within 30 days after receipt of such request, an executed Citizenship Certification or such other information concerning his nationality, citizenship or other related status (or, if the Member is a nominee holding for the account of another Person, the nationality, citizenship or other related status of such other Person) as the Manager may request. If a Member fails to furnish to the Manager within such 30-day period such Citizenship Certification or other requested information, or if upon receipt of such Citizenship Certification or other requested information the Manager determines, with the advice of counsel, that a Member is not an Eligible Citizen, the Shares owned by such Member shall be subject to redemption in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.8 . The Manager also may require in its sole discretion that the status of any such Member be changed to that of a Non-citizen Assignee and, thereupon, the Manager (or its designee) shall be substituted for such Non-citizen Assignee as the Member in respect of such Shares.
(b) Upon dissolution of the Company, a Non-citizen Assignee shall have no right to receive a distribution in kind pursuant to Section 9.3 but shall be entitled to the cash equivalent thereof, and the Company shall provide cash in exchange for an assignment of the Non-citizen Assignees share of the distribution in kind. Such payment and assignment shall be treated for the Companys purposes as a purchase by the Company from the Non-citizen Assignee of their Shares (representing their right to receive such share of such distribution in kind).
(c) At any time after such Member can and does certify that they have become an Eligible Citizen, a Non-citizen Assignee may, upon application to the Manager, request that with respect to any Shares of such Non-citizen Assignee not redeemed pursuant to Section 3.8 , such Non-citizen Assignee be admitted as a Member, and upon approval of the Manager in its sole discretion, such Non-citizen Assignee shall be admitted as a Member and shall no longer constitute a Non-citizen Assignee and the Manager (or its designee) shall cease to be deemed to be the Member in respect of the Non-citizen Assignees Shares.
Section 3.8 Redemption of Shares of Non-citizen Assignees .
(a) If at any time a Member fails to furnish a Citizenship Certification or other information requested within the 30-day period specified in Section 3.7(a) , or if upon receipt of such Citizenship Certification or
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other information the Manager determines, with the advice of counsel, that a Member is not an Eligible Citizen, the Manager, in its sole discretion, may cause the Company to, unless the Member establishes to the satisfaction of the Manager that such Member is an Eligible Citizen or has Transferred his, her or its Shares to a Person who is an Eligible Citizen and such Person furnishes a Citizenship Certification to the Manager prior to the date fixed for redemption as provided below, redeem the Shares of such Member as follows:
(i) The Manager shall, not later than the 30 th day before the date fixed for redemption, give notice of redemption to the Member, at his last address designated on the records of the Company or the Transfer Agent, by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid. The notice shall be deemed to have been given when so mailed. The notice shall specify the redeemable Shares, the date fixed for redemption, the place of payment, that payment of the redemption price will be made upon the redemption of the redeemable Shares (or, if later in the case of redeemable Shares evidenced by Certificates, upon surrender of the Certificates evidencing such redeemable Shares) and that on and after the date fixed for redemption no further allocations or distributions to which the Member would otherwise be entitled in respect of the redeemable Shares will accrue or be made.
(ii) The aggregate redemption price payable by the Company for Shares redeemable under this Section 3.8 shall be an amount equal to the Current Market Price (the date of determination of which shall be the date fixed for redemption) of Shares of the class to be so redeemed multiplied by the number of Shares of each such class included among the redeemable Shares, as determined by the Manager in its sole discretion. Prior to such time as the Shares are listed on a National Securities Exchange, the Current Market Price shall be determined by the Manager in its sole discretion. The redemption price shall be paid as determined by the Manager in its sole discretion, in cash or by delivery of a promissory note of the Company in the principal amount of the redemption price, bearing interest at the rate of 7% annually and payable in three equal annual installments of principal together with accrued interest, commencing one year after the redemption date.
(iii) The Member (or its duly authorized representative) shall be entitled to receive the payment for the redeemable Shares at the place of payment specified in the notice of redemption on the redemption date (or, if later in the case of redeemable Shares evidenced by Certificates, upon surrender by or on behalf of the Member, at the place specified in the notice of redemption, of the certificates, evidencing the redeemable Shares, duly endorsed in blank or accompanied by an assignment duly executed in blank).
(iv) After the redemption date, redeemable Shares shall no longer constitute Outstanding Shares.
(b) The provisions of this Section 3.8 shall also be applicable to Shares held by a Member as nominee of a Person determined to be other than an Eligible Citizen.
(c) Nothing in this Section 3.8 shall prevent the recipient of a notice of redemption from Transferring his Shares before the redemption date if such Transfer is otherwise permitted under this Agreement. Upon receipt of notice of such a Transfer, the Manager shall withdraw the notice of redemption; provided , the transferee of such Shares certifies to the satisfaction of the Manager in a Citizenship Certification that he is an Eligible Citizen. If the transferee fails to make such certification, such redemption shall be effected from the transferee on the original redemption date.
Section 3.9 Rights of Members .
(a) In addition to other rights provided by this Agreement or by Applicable Law, and except as limited by Section 3.4(b) , each Member shall have the right, for a purpose reasonably related to such Members interest as a Member in the Company, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Members own expense:
(i) promptly after its becoming available, to obtain a copy of the Companys U.S. federal, state and local income tax returns for each year; and
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(ii) to obtain a copy of this Agreement and the Certificate of Formation and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which this Agreement, the Certificate of Formation and all amendments thereto have been executed.
(b) The Manager may keep confidential from the Members, for such period of time as the Manager determines in its sole discretion: (i) any information that the Manager believes to be in the nature of trade secrets; or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the Manager believes: (A) is not in the best interests of the Company Group; (B) could damage the Company Group or its business; or (C) that any Company Group Member is required by Applicable Law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential (other than agreements with Affiliates of the Company, the primary purpose of which is to circumvent the obligations set forth in this Section 3.9 ).
Section 3.10 ERISA Ownership Limitations .
(a) Unless permitted by the Manager pursuant to a written waiver, any purported acquisition or holding of a Share with the assets of any Plan will be void and shall have no force and effect. In addition, if any ERISA Person acquires or holds Shares in violation of the foregoing sentence, (i) the Shares acquired or held by such ERISA Person shall be deemed to be Shares-in-Trust to prevent the Assets from being treated as plan assets that are subject to Title I of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Laws; (ii) such Shares shall be transferred automatically and by operation of law to an ERISA Trust (as described below); and (iii) the ERISA Persons purportedly owning such Shares-in-Trust (the Prohibited Owner ) shall submit such Shares for registration in the name of the ERISA Trust. Such transfer to an ERISA Trust and the designation of Shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the event that otherwise could have caused the Assets to be treated as plan assets that are subject to Title I of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Laws. The Manager shall not permit a waiver of the type described in the first sentence of this Section 3.10(a) unless the Person for which such waiver is provided represents to the Manager in writing, or the Manager otherwise determines, that such purchase and holding of Shares will not constitute or result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or a violation of Similar Laws and will not cause the Assets to be treated as plan assets or equity participation in the Company by benefit plan investors to be significant (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulation).
(b) During the period prior to the discovery of the existence of the ERISA Trust, any transfer of Shares by an ERISA Person to a non-ERISA Person shall reduce the number of Shares-in-Trust on a one-for-one basis, and to that extent such Shares shall cease to be designated as Shares-in-Trust. After the discovery of the existence of the ERISA Trust, but prior to the redemption of all discovered Shares-in-Trust and/or the submission of all discovered Shares-in-Trust for registration in the name of the ERISA Trust, any transfer of Shares by an ERISA Person to a non-ERISA Person shall reduce the number of Shares-in-Trust on a one-for-one basis, and to that extent such Shares shall cease to be designated as Shares-in-Trust.
(c) If any Shares are deemed Shares-in-Trust, the Prohibited Owner shall immediately cease to own any right or interest with respect to such Shares and the Company will have the right to repurchase such Shares-in-Trust for an amount equal to their Current Market Price, which proceeds shall be payable to the Prohibited Owner.
(d) (i) Upon any purported transfer or other event that would result in a transfer of Shares to an ERISA Trust, such Shares shall be deemed to have been transferred to a Trustee as trustee of such ERISA Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. Such transfer to the Trustee shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the purported transfer or other event that results in the transfer to the ERISA Trust. Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Company as provided below.
(ii) Shares held by the Trustee shall be issued and outstanding Shares of the Company. The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the Shares held by the Trustee. The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any Shares held in trust by the Trustee, shall have no
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rights to any distributions and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the Shares held in the ERISA Trust.
(iii) The Trustee shall have all consent rights and rights to distributions with respect to Shares held in the ERISA Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. Any distribution paid prior to the discovery by the Manager that the Shares have been transferred to the ERISA Trustee shall be paid by the recipient of such distribution to the Trustee upon demand and any distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Trustee. Any distribution so paid to the Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary. The Prohibited Owner shall have no consent rights with respect to Shares held in the ERISA Trust and, effective as of the date that the Shares have been transferred to the Trustee, the Trustee shall have the authority (at the Trustees sole discretion) (A) to rescind as void any consent cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Manager that the Shares have been transferred to the Trustee and (B) to recast such consent in accordance with the desires of the Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary, provided that if the Company has already taken irreversible action, then the Trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such consent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, until the Manager has received notification that Shares have been transferred into an ERISA Trust, the Manager shall be entitled to rely on its Shares transfer and other Company records for purposes of preparing lists of Record Holders entitled to consent at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies and otherwise obtaining consents of Members.
(iv) Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Manager that Shares have been transferred to the ERISA Trust, the Trustee of the ERISA Trust shall sell the Shares held in the ERISA Trust to a Person, designated by the Trustee, whose ownership of the Shares will not violate the ownership limitations set forth herein. Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided herein. The Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (A) the price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the Shares or, if the Prohibited Owner did not give value for the Shares in connection with the event causing the Shares to be held in the ERISA Trust ( e.g., in the case of a gift, devise or other such transaction), the Current Market Price of the Shares on the day of the event causing the Shares to be held in the ERISA Trust and (B) the price received by the Trustee from the sale or other disposition of the Shares held in the ERISA Trust. Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary. If, prior to the discovery by the Company that Shares have been transferred to the Trustee, such Shares are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (X) such Shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the ERISA Trust and (Y) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such Shares that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive hereunder, such excess shall be paid to the Trustee upon demand.
(v) Shares transferred to the Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Company, or its designee, at a price per Share equal to the lesser of (1) the price per Share in the transaction that resulted in such transfer to the ERISA Trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the Current Market Price at the time of such devise or gift) and (2) the Current Market Price on the date the Company, or its designee, accepts such offer. The Company shall have the right to accept such offer until the Trustee has sold the Shares held in the ERISA Trust. Upon such a sale to the Company, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner.
(vi) By written notice to the Trustee, the Manager shall designate one or more non-profit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Trust such that the Shares held in the ERISA Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth herein in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary.
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(e) The provisions of Section 3.10 shall cease to apply and all Shares-in-Trust shall cease to be designated as Shares-in Trust and shall be returned, automatically and by operation of law, to their Prohibited Owners, all of which shall occur at such time as Shares qualify as a class of publicly-offered securities within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations.
ARTICLE IV
SPLITS AND COMBINATIONS.
Section 4.1 Splits and Combinations .
(a) Subject to Section 4.1(d) , the Company may make a pro rata distribution of Shares of any class or series to all Record Holders of such class or series of Shares, or may effect a subdivision or combination of Shares of any class or series so long as, after any such event, each Member shall have the same Percentage Interest in the Company as before such event, and any amounts calculated on a per Share basis (including voting rights) or stated as a number of Shares are proportionately adjusted.
(b) Whenever such a distribution, subdivision or combination of Shares is declared, the Manager shall select a Record Date as of which the distribution, subdivision or combination shall be effective and shall send notice thereof at least 20 days prior to such Record Date to each Record Holder as of a date not less than 10 days prior to the date of such notice. The Manager also may cause a firm of independent public accountants selected by it to calculate the number of Shares to be held by each Record Holder after giving effect to such distribution, subdivision or combination. The Manager shall be entitled to rely on any certificate provided by such firm as conclusive evidence of the accuracy of such calculation.
(c) In the event that Certificates are issued, promptly following any such distribution, subdivision or combination, the Company may issue new Certificates to the Record Holders of Shares or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares as of the applicable Record Date representing the new number of Shares or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares held by such Record Holders, or the Manager may adopt such other procedures that it determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect such changes. If any such combination results in a smaller total number of Outstanding Shares or outstanding options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares, the Company shall require, as a condition to the delivery to a Record Holder of any such new Certificate, the surrender of any Certificate held by such Record Holder immediately prior to such Record Date.
(d) The Company shall not issue fractional Shares upon any distribution, subdivision or combination of Shares. If a distribution, subdivision or combination of Shares would otherwise result in the issuance of fractional Shares, each fractional Share shall be rounded to the nearest whole Share (and a 0.5 Share shall be rounded to the next higher Share).
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; ALLOCATIONS OF TAX ITEMS; DISTRIBUTIONS.
Section 5.1 Maintenance of Capital Accounts; Allocations .
(a) There shall be established for each Member on the books of the Company as of the date such Member becomes a Member a capital account (each being a "Capital Account"). Each Capital Contribution by any Member, if any, shall be credited to the Capital Account of such Member on the date such Capital Contribution is made to the Company. In addition, each Members Capital Account shall be (a) credited with (i) such Members allocable share of any Net Income of the Company, and (ii) the amount of any Company liabilities that are assumed by the Member or secured by any Company property distributed to the Member, (b) debited with (i) the amount of distributions (and deemed distributions) to such Member of cash
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or the fair market value of other property so distributed, (ii) such Members allocable share of Net Loss of the Company and expenditures of the Company described or treated under Section 704(b) of the Code as described in Section 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code, and (iii) the amount of any liabilities of the Member assumed by the Company or which are secured by any property contributed by the Member to the Company and (c) otherwise maintained in accordance with the provisions of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. Any other item which is required to be reflected in a Members Capital Account under Section 704(b) of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder or otherwise under this Agreement shall be so reflected. The Manager shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Members interest in the Company. Interest shall not be payable on Capital Account balances. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Manager shall maintain the Capital Accounts of the Members in accordance with the principles and requirements set forth in Section 704(b) of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. The Capital Account of each holder of Class B Common Shares shall at all times be zero, except to the extent such holder also holds Shares other than Class B Common Shares.
(b) Net Income (Loss) of the Company for each tax year shall be allocated among the Capital Accounts of the Members in a manner that as closely as possible gives economic effect to the manner in which distributions are made to the Members pursuant to the provisions of Sections 5.2(e) and 9.3.
(c) All items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the Company shall be allocated among the Members for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes consistent with the manner that the corresponding constituent items of Net Income (Loss) shall be allocated among the Members pursuant to this Agreement, except as may otherwise be provided herein or by the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Manager in its sole discretion shall make such allocations for tax purposes as may be needed to ensure that allocations are in accordance with the interests of the Members in the Company, within the meaning of the Code and United States Treasury Regulations. The Manager shall determine all matters concerning allocations for tax purposes not expressly provided for herein in its sole discretion. For the proper administration of the Company and for the preservation of uniformity of Shares (or any portion or class or classes thereof), the Manager may (i) amend the provisions of this Agreement as appropriate (x) to reflect the proposal or promulgation of United States Treasury Regulations under Section 704(b) or Section 704(c) of the Code or (y) otherwise to preserve or achieve uniformity of Shares (or any portion or class or classes thereof), and (ii) adopt and employ or modify such conventions and methods as the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate for (A) the determination for tax purposes of items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit and the allocation of such items among Members and between transferors and transferees under this Agreement and pursuant to the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, (B) the determination of the identities and tax classification of Members, (C) the valuation of Company assets and the determination of tax basis, (D) the allocation of asset values and tax basis, (E) the adoption and maintenance of accounting methods and (F) taking into account differences between the Carrying Values of Company assets and such asset adjusted tax basis pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
(d) Allocations that would otherwise be made to a Member under the provisions of this Article V shall instead be made to the beneficial owner of Shares held by a nominee in any case in which the nominee has furnished the identity of such owner to the Company in accordance with Section 6031(c) of the Code or any other method determined by the Manager in its sole discretion.
Section 5.2 Distributions to Record Holders .
(a) Subject to the applicable provisions of the Delaware Act, the Manager may, in its sole discretion, at any time and from time to time, declare, make and pay distributions of cash or other assets to the Members. Subject to the terms of any Share Designation, distributions shall be paid to Members in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests as of the Record Date selected by the Manager. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Company shall not make or pay any
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distributions of cash or other assets with respect to the Class B Common Share except for distributions consisting only of additional Class B Common Shares paid proportionally with respect to each outstanding Class B Common Share.
(b) Notwithstanding Section 5.2(a) , in the event of the dissolution and liquidation of the Company, all distributions shall be made in accordance with, and subject to the terms and conditions of, Section 9.3 .
(c) Pursuant to Section 8.4 , the Company is authorized to withhold from payments or other distributions to the Members, and to pay over to any U.S. federal, state and local government or any foreign government, any amounts required to be so withheld pursuant to the Code or any other Applicable Law.
(d) Each distribution in respect of any Shares shall be paid by the Company, directly or through the Transfer Agent or through any other Person or agent, only to the Record Holder of such Shares as of the Record Date set for such distribution. Such payment shall constitute full payment and satisfaction of the Companys liability in respect of such payment, regardless of any claim of any Person who may have an interest in such payment by reason of an assignment or otherwise.
(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.2 to the contrary, after an Initial Offering, the following amounts shall be distributed solely to holders of Class A Common Shares that acquired such shares as a result of the conversion of Notes into Class A Shares: (i) any interest on the Notes that was accrued and unpaid at the IPO Date, (ii) any amount Deemed Distribution Reserve as such term is defined in the Strategic Agreement and (iii) any other amount distributable solely to a Noteholder or former Noteholder pursuant to the Strategic Agreement after the IPO Date.
ARTICLE VI
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF BUSINESS
Section 6.1 Management .
(a) The Manager shall conduct, direct and manage all activities of the Company for so long as the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns at least 10% of the Voting Power. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, all management powers over the business and affairs of the Company shall be exclusively vested in the Manager, and no other Member shall have any management power over the business and affairs of the Company. In the event that the Apollo Group no longer Beneficially Owns, in the aggregate, 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, the Board or its designee shall conduct, direct and manage all activities of the Company or, as contemplated under Section 6.3 , shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Manager hereunder.
(b) In addition to the powers now or hereafter granted to the Manager under any other provision of this Agreement, the Manager, subject to Section 6.1(a) and Section 6.2 , shall have full power and authority to do all things and on such terms as it determines, in its sole discretion, to be necessary or appropriate to conduct the business of the Company, to exercise all powers set forth in Section 2.6 and to effectuate the purposes set forth in Section 2.5 , including without limitation the power to:
(i) vest in the Board any or all powers over the business and affairs of the Company, as the Manager determines, in its sole discretion;
(ii) make any expenditures, lend or borrow money, assume or guarantee, or otherwise contract for, indebtedness and other liabilities, issue evidences of indebtedness, including indebtedness that is convertible or exchangeable into Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities, and incur any other obligations;
(iii) make tax, regulatory and other filings, or render periodic or other reports to governmental or other agencies having jurisdiction over the business or assets of the Company;
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(iv) acquire, dispose of, mortgage, pledge, encumber, hypothecate or exchange any or all of the assets of the Company or merge or otherwise combine the Company with or into another Person (subject, however, to any prior approval that may be required by Section 6.2 , Article XI );
(v) use the assets of the Company (including cash on hand) for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement, including the distribution of Company cash, the financing of the conduct of the operations of the Company Group; subject to applicable securities laws, the lending of funds to other Persons; the repayment or guarantee of obligations of any Company Group Member and the making of capital contributions to any Company Group Member;
(vi) negotiate, execute and perform any contract, conveyance or other instrument (including instruments that limit the liability of the Manager under contractual arrangements to all or particular assets of the Company, with the other party to the contract to have no recourse against the Manager or its assets other than its interest in the Company, even if same results in the terms of the transaction being less favorable to the Company than would otherwise be the case);
(vii) select, appoint and dismiss the Companys officers and employees (including employees having titles such as chief executive officer, senior managing director, president, vice president, secretary, treasurer or any other titles the Manager in its sole discretion may determine) and agents, representatives, outside attorneys, accountants, consultants and contractors and the determination of their compensation and other terms of employment or hiring;
(viii) maintain insurance for the benefit of the Company Group, the Members and Indemnified Persons;
(ix) form, or acquire an interest in, and contribute property and make loans to, any limited or general partnerships, joint ventures, limited liability companies, corporations or other relationships (including the acquisition of interests in, and the contributions of property to, the Companys Subsidiaries from time to time);
(x) control any matters affecting the rights and obligations of the Company, including the bringing and defending of actions at law or in equity and otherwise engaging in the conduct of litigation, arbitration or mediation and the incurring of legal expense and the settlement of claims and litigation;
(xi) indemnify any Person against liabilities and contingencies to the extent permitted by Applicable Law;
(xii) enter into listing agreements with any National Securities Exchange and delist some or all of the Shares from, or request that trading be suspended on, any such exchange;
(xiii) purchase, sell or otherwise acquire or dispose of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities;
(xiv) undertake any action in connection with the Companys participation in the management of the Company Group through its managers, directors, officers or employees or the Companys direct or indirect ownership of the Company Group Members, including, without limitation, all things described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement and the agreements described in or filed as exhibits to any Registration Statement;
(xv) cause to be registered for resale under the Securities Act and applicable state or non-U.S. securities laws, any securities of, or any securities convertible or exchangeable into securities of, the Company held by any Person;
(xvi) declare or pay any distributions of cash or other assets to Members;
(xvii) file a bankruptcy petition; and
(xviii) execute and deliver agreements with Affiliates of the Company or any Company Group Member to render services to a Company Group Member.
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(c) In exercising its authority under this Agreement, the Manager may, but shall be under no obligation to, take into account the tax consequences to any Member of any action taken (or not taken) by it. Neither the Company nor the Manager shall have any liability to a Member for monetary damages or otherwise for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived by such Member in connection with such decisions.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Delaware Act or any Applicable Law, each of the Members and each other Person who may acquire an interest in Company securities hereby:
(i) approves, ratifies and confirms the execution, delivery and performance by the parties thereto of the Exchange Agreement, the Tax Receivable Agreement, the Strategic Agreement, the Notes, the Lender Rights Agreement, the Shareholders Agreement, the CS Rights Agreement, the Roll-up Agreements and the other agreements described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement;
(ii) agrees that the Manager is authorized to execute, deliver and perform on behalf of the Company the agreements referred to in Section 6.1(d)(i) and the other agreements, acts, transactions and matters described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement, without any further act, approval or vote of the Members or the other Persons who may acquire an interest in Company securities; and
(iii) agrees that the execution, delivery or performance by the Company, any Company Group Member or any Affiliate of any of them, of this Agreement or any agreement authorized or permitted under this Agreement shall not constitute a breach by the Company of any duty that the Company may owe the Members or any other Persons under this Agreement (or any other agreements) or of any duty (fiduciary or otherwise) existing at law, in equity or otherwise.
Section 6.2 Restrictions on Managers Authority .
(a) The Manager shall have the right to exercise any of the powers granted to it by this Agreement and perform any of the duties imposed upon it hereunder either directly or by or through its duly authorized representatives or the duly authorized officers of the Company, and the Manager shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence on the part of any such officer or representative duly appointed or duly authorized by the Manager in good faith.
(b) Except as provided in Article IX and Article XI , the Manager may not sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the Company Groups assets, taken as a whole, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions without the approval of holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company; provided , however , that this provision shall not preclude or limit the Managers ability, in its sole discretion, to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of the assets of the Company Group (including for the benefit of Persons other than members of the Company Group, including Affiliates of the Manager) and shall not apply to any forced sale of any or all of the assets of the Company Group pursuant to the foreclosure of, or other realization upon, any such encumbrance.
Section 6.3 Resignation of the Manager . The Manager, may resign at any time by giving notice of such resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Board. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein. The acceptance of such resignation by the Board shall not be necessary to make it effective. The Manager may at any time designate a substitute manager that is a member of the Apollo Group, which substitute manager shall, upon the later of the acceptance of such designation and the effective date of such resignation of the departing Manager, be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and be deemed the Manager for all purposes hereunder. In the event the Manager resigns and does not designate a substitute manager in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Board shall conduct, direct and manage all activities of the Company and shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Manager hereunder.
Section 6.4 Board Generally . Following an Initial Offering, the Manager shall establish the Board, unless the Manager determines, in its sole discretion, to establish the Board prior to the Initial Offering. For so long as
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the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, the Manager shall (i) nominate and elect all Directors on the Board, (ii) set the number of Directors which shall constitute the Board and (iii) fill any vacancies on the Board. Each Director elected by the Manager shall hold office until such Directors successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such Directors death or until such Director resigns or is removed in the manner hereinafter provided. In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, the number of directors which will constitute the Board shall be set by resolution of the Board.
Section 6.5 Election of Directors . In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, (i) Directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of Members, except as provided in Section 6.8 and each Director elected shall hold office until the succeeding meeting after such Directors election and until such Directors successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such Directors death or until such Director resigns or is removed in the manner hereinafter provided and (ii) Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of Outstanding Voting Shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the election of Directors at any annual or special meeting of Members.
Section 6.6 Removal . For so long as the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, any Director may be removed, with or without cause, at any time, by the Manager. In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Outstanding Voting Power of the Company, any Director or the whole Board may be removed, with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of holders of 50% of the Voting Power of the Company, given at an annual meeting or at a special meeting of Members called for that purpose.
Section 6.7 Resignations . Any Director may resign at any time by giving notice of such Directors resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Company. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, then it shall take effect immediately upon receipt by the Company of such resignation. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
Section 6.8 Vacancies . For so long as the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, unless otherwise required by Applicable Law, any vacancy on the Board will be filled by a designee of the Manager. In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, unless otherwise required by law, (i) any vacancy on the Board that results from newly created Directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of Directors may be filled by a majority of the Directors then in office, provided that a quorum is present, and any other vacancies may be filled by a majority of the Directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Director, (ii) any Director elected to fill a vacancy not resulting from an increase in the number of Directors shall have the same remaining term as that of such Directors predecessor and until such Directors successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal, (iii) if there are no Directors in office, then an election of Directors may be held in the manner provided by the DGCL, as though the Company were a Delaware corporation and as though the Members were stockholders of a Delaware corporation.
Section 6.9 Chairman of Meetings . The Manager may elect one of the Directors then in office as Chairman of the Board. At each meeting of the Board, the Chairman of the Board or, in the Chairman of the Boards absence, a Director chosen by a majority of the Directors present, shall act as chairman of the meeting. The Secretary of the Company shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board. In case the Secretary shall be absent from any meeting of the Board, an Assistant Secretary shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and all the Assistant Secretaries, the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
Section 6.10 Place of Meetings . The Board may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware.
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Section 6.11 Special Meetings; Notice . Special meetings of the Board may be called by either the Manager, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or, upon a resolution adopted by the Board, by the Secretary (or other officer of the Company if the Secretary is unavailable) on twenty-four (24) hours notice to each Director, either personally or by telephone or by mail, facsimile, wireless or other form of recorded or electronic communication, or on such shorter notice as the person or persons calling such meeting may deem necessary or appropriate under the circumstances. Notice of any such meeting need not be given to any Director, however, if waived by such Director in writing or by facsimile, wireless or other form of recorded or electronic communication, or if such Director shall be present at such meeting.
Section 6.12 Action Without Meeting . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting by the Board or any committee thereof, as the case may be, may be taken without a meeting if a consent thereto is signed or transmitted electronically, as the case may be, by all members of the Board or of such committee, as the case may be, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or such committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
Section 6.13 Conference Telephone Meetings . Members of the Board, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the Board or such committee by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all Persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Section 6.14 Quorum . At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the then total number of Directors in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. At all meetings of any committee of the Board, the presence of a majority of the total number of members of such committee (assuming no vacancies) shall constitute a quorum. The act of a majority of the Directors or committee members present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board or such committee, as the case may be. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board or any committee, a majority of the Directors or members, as the case may be, present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice other than announcement at the meeting.
Section 6.15 Committees . The Manager may designate one (1) or more committees consisting of one (1) or more Directors of the Company, which, to the extent provided in such designation, shall have and may exercise, subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the powers and authority granted hereunder. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by the Manager. A majority of all the members of any such committee may determine its action and fix the time and place, if any, of its meetings and specify what notice thereof, if any, shall be given, unless the Manager shall otherwise provide. The Manager shall have power to change the members of any such committee at any time to fill vacancies, and to discharge any such committee, either with or without cause, at any time. The Secretary of the Company shall act as Secretary of any committee, unless otherwise provided by the Board or the Committee. From after the IPO Date, the Manager shall cause the Company to form, constitute and empower each of the Audit Committee and the Conflicts Committee, which shall have such powers and rights as the Manager shall set forth in its written resolution.
Section 6.16 Remuneration . Unless otherwise expressly provided by the Manager, none of the Directors shall, as such, receive any stated remuneration for such Directors services; but the Manager may at any time and from time to time by resolution provide that a specified sum shall be paid to any Director, payable in cash or securities, either as such Directors annual remuneration as Director or member of any special or standing committee of the Board or as remuneration for such Directors attendance at each meeting of the Board or any such committee. The Manager may also provide that the Company shall reimburse each Director for any expenses paid by such Director on account of such Directors attendance at any meeting. Nothing in this Section 6.16 shall be construed to preclude any Director from serving the Company in any other capacity and receiving remuneration therefor.
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Section 6.17 Reimbursement of the Manager .
(a) Except as provided in this Section 6.17 and elsewhere in this Agreement, the Manager shall not be compensated for its services as manager or general partner of any Company Group Member.
(b) The Manager shall be reimbursed on a monthly basis, or such other reasonable basis as the Manager may determine, in its sole discretion, for: (i) all direct and indirect expenses it incurs or payments it makes on behalf of the Company Group (including salary, bonus, incentive compensation and other amounts paid to any Person including Affiliates of the Manager to perform services for the Company Group or for the Manager in the discharge of its duties to the Company Group); and (ii) all other expenses allocable to the Company Group or otherwise incurred by the Manager in connection with operating the Company Groups business (including expenses allocated to the Manager by its Affiliates). The Manager in its sole discretion shall determine the expenses that are allocable to the Company Group. Reimbursements pursuant to this Section 6.17 shall be in addition to any reimbursement to the Manager as a result of indemnification pursuant to Section 6.20 .
(c) The Manager may, in its sole discretion, without the approval of the other Members (who shall have no right to vote in respect thereof), propose and adopt on behalf of the Company Group equity benefit plans, programs and practices (including plans, programs and practices involving the issuance of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities), or cause the Company to issue Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities in connection with, or pursuant to, any such equity benefit plan, program or practice or any equity benefit plan, program or practice maintained or sponsored by the Manager or any of its Affiliates in respect of services performed directly or indirectly for the benefit of the Company Group. The Company agrees to issue and sell to the Manager or any of its Affiliates any Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities that the Manager or such Affiliates are obligated to provide pursuant to any equity benefit plans, programs or practices maintained or sponsored by them. Expenses incurred by the Manager in connection with any such plans, programs and practices (including the net cost to the Manager or such Affiliates of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities purchased by the Manager or such Affiliates from the Company to fulfill options or awards under such plans, programs and practices) shall be reimbursed in accordance with Section 6.17(b) .
Section 6.18 Outside Activities .
(a) The Manager, for so long as it is a manager of the Company: (i) agrees that its sole business will be to act as a manager, managing member or general partner, and to undertake activities that are ancillary or related thereto, of (x) the Company and any other limited liability company or partnership of which the Company is, directly or indirectly, a member or partner, or (y) any member of the Apollo Group; and (ii) shall not engage in any business or activity or incur any debts or liabilities except in connection with or incidental to: (A) its performance as manager, managing member or general partner of one or more Company Group Members or manager, managing member or general partner of one or more members of the Apollo Group; or (B) the acquiring, owning or disposing of debt or equity securities in any Company Group Member or member of the Apollo Group.
(b) Except insofar as the Manager is specifically restricted by Section 6.18(a) , each Indemnified Person shall have the right to engage in businesses of every type and description and other activities for profit and to engage in and possess an interest in other business ventures of any and every type or description, whether in businesses engaged in or anticipated to be engaged in by any Company Group Member, independently or with others, including business interests and activities in direct competition with the business and activities of any Company Group Member, and none of the same shall constitute a breach of this Agreement or any duty otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise to any Company Group Member or any Member or Record Holder. None of any Company Group Member, any Member or any other Person shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement or the relationship established hereby in any business ventures of any Indemnified Person.
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(c) Subject to the terms of Section 6.18(a) and (b) , and subject to any agreement between the Manager or the Company and any Indemnified Person, but otherwise notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein: (i) the engaging in competitive activities by any Indemnified Person (other than the Manager) in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.18 is hereby approved by the Company and all the Members; (ii) it shall be deemed not to be a breach of the Managers or any other Indemnified Persons duties or any other obligation of any type whatsoever of the Manager or any other Indemnified Person for the Indemnified Person (other than the Manager) to engage in such business interests and activities in preference to or to the exclusion of any Company Group Member; (iii) the Manager and the Indemnified Persons shall have no obligation hereunder or as a result of any duty otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise to present business opportunities to any Company Group Member; and (iv) the doctrine of corporate opportunity or other analogous doctrine shall not apply to any such Indemnified Person.
(d) The Manager may cause the Company or any other Company Group Member to purchase or otherwise acquire Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities. Affiliates of the Manager may acquire Shares or other Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities and, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, shall be entitled to exercise all rights of the Manager or a Member, as applicable, relating to such Shares or Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities.
Section 6.19 Loans from the Manager; Loans or Contributions from the Company; Contracts with Affiliates; Certain Restrictions on the Manager .
(a) Affiliates of the Manager may, but shall be under no obligation to, lend to any Company Group Member, and any Company Group Member may borrow from Affiliates of the Manager, funds needed or desired by the Company Group Member for such periods of time and in such amounts as the Manager may determine, in each case on terms that are fair and reasonable to the Company; provided , however , that the requirements of this Section 6.19 conclusively shall be deemed satisfied and not a breach of any duty hereunder or existing at law, in equity or otherwise as to any transaction: (i) approved by Special Approval; (ii) the terms of which are no less favorable to the Company than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iii) that is fair and reasonable to the Company, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company).
(b) Any Company Group Member may lend or contribute to any other Company Group Member, and any Company Group Member may borrow from any other Company Group Member, funds on terms and conditions determined by the Manager. The foregoing authority shall be exercised by the Manager in its sole discretion and shall not create any right or benefit in favor of any Company Group Member or any other Person.
(c) Affiliates of the Manager may render services to a Company Group Member or to the Manager in the discharge of its duties as manager of the Company. Any services rendered to a Company Group Member by an Affiliate of the Manager shall be on terms that are fair and reasonable to the Company; provided , however , that the requirements of this Section 6.19(c) conclusively shall be deemed satisfied and not a breach of any duty hereunder or existing at law, in equity or otherwise as to any transaction: (i) approved by Special Approval; (ii) the terms of which are no less favorable to the Company than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iii) that is fair and reasonable to the Company, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company). The provisions of Section 6.17 shall apply to the rendering of services described in this Section 6.19(c) .
(d) The Manager or any of its Affiliates may Transfer any property to, or purchase any property from, the Company, directly or indirectly, pursuant to transactions that are fair and reasonable to the Company; provided , however that the requirements of this Section 6.19(d) conclusively shall be deemed to be satisfied
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and not a breach of any duty hereunder or existing at law, in equity or otherwise as to: (i) the transactions described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement; (ii) any transaction approved by Special Approval; (iii) any transaction, the terms of which are no less favorable to the Company than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iv) any transaction that is fair and reasonable to the Company, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company). With respect to any contribution of assets to the Company in exchange for Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities, the Conflicts Committee (if utilized), in determining whether the appropriate number of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities are being issued, may take into account, among other things, the fair market value of the assets, the liquidated and contingent liabilities assumed, the tax basis in the assets, the extent to which tax-only allocations to the transferor will protect the existing partners of the Company against a low tax basis, and such other factors as the Conflicts Committee deems relevant under the circumstances.
Section 6.20 Indemnification .
(a) To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law but subject to the limitations expressly provided in this Agreement, all Indemnified Persons shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts arising from any and all threatened, pending or completed claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, and whether formal or informal and including appeals, in which any Indemnified Person may be involved, or is threatened to be involved, as a party or otherwise, by reason of its status as an Indemnified Person whether arising from acts or omissions to act occurring before or after the date of this Agreement; provided , however , that the Indemnified Person shall not be indemnified and held harmless if there has been a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that, in respect of the matter for which the Indemnified Person is seeking indemnification pursuant to this Section 6.20 , the Indemnified Person acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, except as otherwise provided in Section 6.20(k) , the Company shall be required to indemnify a Person described in such sentence in connection with any action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such Person only if the commencement of such action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) by such Person was authorized by the Manager in its sole discretion.
(b) To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, expenses (including legal fees and expenses) incurred by an Indemnified Person in appearing at, participating in or defending any indemnifiable claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding pursuant to Section 6.20(a) shall, from time to time, be advanced by the Company prior to a final and non-appealable determination that the Indemnified Person is not entitled to be indemnified upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnified Peron to repay such amount if it ultimately shall be determined that the Indemnified Person is not entitled to be indemnified pursuant to this Section 6.20 . Notwithstanding the immediately preceding sentence, except as otherwise provided in Section 6.20(k) , the Company shall be required to indemnify an Indemnified Person pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence in connection with any action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such Person only if the commencement of such action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) by such Person was authorized by the Manager in its sole discretion.
(c) The indemnification provided by this Section 6.20 shall be in addition to any other rights to which an Indemnified Person may be entitled under this or any other agreement, pursuant to a vote of a majority of disinterested Directors with respect to such matter, as a matter of law, in equity or otherwise, both as to actions in the Indemnified Persons capacity as an Indemnified Person and as to actions in any other capacity (including any capacity under the Underwriting Agreement), and shall continue as to an Indemnified Person who has ceased to serve in such capacity.
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(d) The Company may purchase and maintain (or reimburse the Manager or its Affiliates for the cost of) insurance, on behalf of the Manager, its Affiliates, any other Indemnified Person and such other Persons as the Manager shall determine in its sole discretion, against any liability that may be asserted against, or expense that may be incurred by, such Person in connection with the Companys activities or any such Persons activities on behalf of the Company, regardless of whether the Company would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement.
(e) For purposes of this Section 6.20 : (i) the Company shall be deemed to have requested an Indemnified Person to serve as fiduciary of an employee benefit plan whenever the performance by it of its duties to the Company also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, such Indemnified Person to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan; (ii) excise taxes assessed on an Indemnified Person with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to Applicable Law shall constitute fines within the meaning of Section 6.20(a) ; and (iii) any action taken or omitted by an Indemnified Person with respect to any employee benefit plan in the performance of its duties for a purpose reasonably believed by it to be in the best interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose that is in the best interests of the Company.
(f) Any indemnification pursuant to this Section 6.20 shall be made only out of the assets of the Company. In no event may an Indemnified Person subject the Members to personal liability by reason of the indemnification provisions set forth in this Agreement.
(g) An Indemnified Person shall not be denied indemnification in whole or in part under this Section 6.20 because the Indemnified Person had an interest in the transaction with respect to which the indemnification applies if the transaction was otherwise permitted by the terms of this Agreement.
(h) The provisions of this Section 6.20 are for the benefit of the Indemnified Persons and their heirs, successors, assigns, executors and administrators and shall not be deemed to create any rights for the benefit of any other Persons.
(i) The Manager and each Director and officer shall, in the performance of his, her or its duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Company and on such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Company by any of the officers, directors or employees of the Company or any other Company Group Member, or committees of the Board, or by any other Person (including legal counsel, accountants, appraisers, management consultants, investment bankers and other consultants and advisers selected by it) as to matters the Director or the Manager, as the case may be, reasonably believes are within such other Persons professional or expert competence.
(j) No amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 6.20 or any provision hereof shall in any manner terminate, reduce or impair the right of any past, present or future Indemnified Person to be indemnified by the Company, nor the obligations of the Company to indemnify any such Indemnified Person under and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.20 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or-in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted.
(k) If a claim for indemnification (following the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding for which indemnification is being sought) or advancement of expenses under this Section 6.20 is not paid in full within thirty (30) days after a written claim therefor by any Indemnified Person has been received by the Company, such Indemnified Person may file suit to recover the unpaid amount of such claim and, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid the expenses of prosecuting such claim, including reasonable attorneys fees.
(l) This Section 6.20 shall not limit the right of the Company, to the extent and in the manner permitted by Applicable Law, to indemnify and to advance expenses to, and purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of Persons other than Indemnified Persons.
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Section 6.21 Liability of Indemnified Persons .
(a) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, no Indemnified Person shall be liable to the Company, the Members, in their capacity as such, or any other Persons who have acquired interests in the Company securities, for any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts arising as a result of any act or omission of an Indemnified Person, or for any breach of contract (including breach of this Agreement) or any breach of duties (including breach of fiduciary duties) whether arising hereunder, at law, in equity or otherwise, unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that, in respect of the matter in question, the Indemnified Person acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct.
(b) Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 6.21 or any provision hereof shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the limitations on the liability of the Indemnified Persons under this Section 6.21 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted, and provided such Person became an Indemnified Person hereunder prior to such amendment, modification or repeal.
Section 6.22 Resolution of Conflicts of Interest; Standards of Conduct and Modification of Duties .
(a) Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, whenever a potential conflict of interest exists or arises between the Manager, one or more Directors or its or their respective Affiliates, on the one hand, and the Company, any Company Group Member or any Member, on the other hand, any resolution or course of action by the Manager or its Affiliates in respect of such conflict of interest shall be permitted and deemed approved by all Members, and shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement, of any agreement contemplated herein, or of any duty stated or implied by law or equity, including any fiduciary duty, if the resolution or course of action in respect of such conflict of interest is: (i) approved by Special Approval; (ii) on terms no less favorable to the Company, Company Group Member or Member, as applicable, than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iii) fair and reasonable to the Company taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company).
The Manager shall be authorized but not required in connection with its resolution of such conflict of interest to seek Special Approval of such resolution, and the Manager may also adopt a resolution or course of action that has not received Special Approval. Failure to seek Special Approval shall not be deemed to indicate that a conflict of interest exists or that Special Approval could not have been obtained. If Special Approval is not sought and the Manager determines that the resolution or course of action taken with respect to a conflict of interest satisfies either of the standards set forth in clauses (ii) or (iii) of this Section 6.22(a) , then it shall be presumed that, in making its decision, the Manager acted in good faith, and in any proceeding brought by or on behalf of the Company, any Member or any other Person challenging such approval, the Person bringing or prosecuting such proceeding shall have the burden of overcoming such presumption. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein or any duty otherwise existing in law, equity, or otherwise, the existence of the conflicts of interest described in any Registration Statement are hereby approved by all Members and shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement or of any duty otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise.
(b) The Members hereby authorize the Manager, on behalf of the Company as a partner or member of a Company Group Member, to approve of actions by the directors, general partner, managers or managing member of such Company Group Member similar to those actions permitted to be taken by the Manager pursuant to this Section 6.22 .
(c) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein or any Applicable Law, whenever in this Agreement or any other agreement contemplated hereby or otherwise, the Manager, in its capacity as the manager of the Company, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or
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discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, then the Manager, or any of its Affiliates that cause it to make any such decision, shall, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, make such decision in its sole discretion (regardless of whether there is a reference to sole discretion or discretion), and shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Company or the Members, and shall not be subject to any other or different standards imposed by this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby, under the Delaware Act or under any other Applicable Law or in equity. Whenever in this Agreement or any other agreement contemplated hereby or otherwise the Manager is permitted to or required to make a decision in its good faith then for purposes of this Agreement, the Manager, or any of its Affiliates that cause it to make any such decision, shall be conclusively presumed to be acting in good faith if such Person or Persons subjectively believe(s) that the decision made or not made is in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Manager and its Affiliates shall have no duty or obligation, express or implied, to: (i) sell or otherwise dispose of any asset of the Company Group; or (ii) permit any Company Group Member to use any facilities or assets of the Manager and its Affiliates, except as may be provided in contracts entered into from time to time specifically dealing with such use. Any determination by the Manager or any of its Affiliates to enter into such contracts shall be in such Persons sole discretion.
(e) Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, neither the Manager nor any other Indemnified Person shall have any duties or liabilities, including fiduciary duties, to the Company, any Member or any other Person bound by this Agreement, and the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or otherwise modify or eliminate the duties and liabilities, including fiduciary duties, of the Manager or any other Indemnified Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Members to replace such other duties and liabilities of the Manager or such other Indemnified Person.
(f) The Members expressly acknowledge that the Manager is under no obligation to consider the separate interests of the Members (including, without limitation, the tax consequences to Members) in deciding whether to cause the Company to take (or decline to take) any actions, and that the Manager shall not be liable for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived by Members in connection with such decisions.
Section 6.23 Other Matters Concerning the Manager .
(a) The Manager may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.
(b) The Manager shall have the right, in respect of any of its powers or obligations hereunder, to act through any of its duly authorized officers or any duly appointed attorney or attorneys-in-fact, and the Manager shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence on the part of any such officer or attorney. Subject to the immediately preceding sentence, each such attorney shall, to the extent provided by the Manager in the power of attorney, have full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and duty that is permitted or required to be done by the Manager hereunder.
Section 6.24 Reliance by Third Parties . Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, any Person dealing with the Company shall be entitled to assume that the Manager, its representatives and any officer of the Company authorized by the Manager to act on behalf of and in the name of the Company has full power and authority to encumber, sell or otherwise use in any manner any and all assets of the Company and to enter into any authorized contracts on behalf of the Company, and such Person shall be entitled to deal with the
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Manager, any such representative or any such officer as if it were the Companys sole party in interest, both legally and beneficially. Each Member hereby waives any and all defenses or other remedies that may be available against such Person to contest, negate or disaffirm any action of the Manager, any such representative or any such officer in connection with any such dealing. In no event shall any Person dealing with the Manager or any such officer or its representatives be obligated to ascertain that the terms of this Agreement have been complied with or to inquire into the necessity or expedience of any act or action of the Manager or any such officer or its representatives. Each and every certificate, document or other instrument executed on behalf of the Company by the Manager or its representatives shall be conclusive evidence in favor of any and every Person relying thereon or claiming thereunder that: (i) at the time of the execution and delivery of such certificate, document or instrument, this Agreement was in full force and effect; (ii) the Person executing and delivering such certificate, document or instrument was duly authorized and empowered to do so for and on behalf of the Company; and (iii) such certificate, document or instrument was duly executed and delivered in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement and is binding upon the Company.
ARTICLE VII
BOOKS; RECORDS; ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS
Section 7.1 Records and Accounting . The Manager shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal office of the Company appropriate books and records with respect to the Companys business, including all books and records necessary to provide to the Members any information required to be provided pursuant to this Agreement. Any books and records maintained by or on behalf of the Company in the regular course of its business, including the record of the Members, books of account and records of Company proceedings, may be kept on, or be in the form of, computer disks, hard drives, punch cards, magnetic tape, photographs, micrographics or any other information storage device; provided , that the books and records so maintained are convertible into clearly legible written form within a reasonable period of time. The books of the Company shall be maintained, for financial reporting purposes, on an accrual basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Section 7.2 Fiscal Year . The fiscal year for tax and financial reporting purposes of the Company shall be a calendar year ending December 31 unless otherwise required by the Code or permitted by Applicable Law.
Section 7.3 Reports .
(a) As soon as practicable, but in no event later than 120 days after the close of each fiscal year of the Company, the Manager shall cause to be mailed or made available to each Record Holder, as of a date selected by the Manager, an annual report containing financial statements of the Company for such fiscal year of the Company, presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, including a balance sheet and statements of operations, equity and cash flows, such statements to be audited by a registered public accounting firm selected by the Manager.
(b) As soon as practicable, but in no event later than 90 days after the close of each Quarter except the last Quarter of each fiscal year, the Manager shall cause to be mailed or made available to each Record Holder, as of a date selected by the Manager in its sole discretion, a report containing unaudited financial statements of the Company and such other information as may be required by Applicable Law or any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, or as the Manager determines to be necessary.
(c) The Manager shall be deemed to have made a report available to each Record Holder as required by this Section 7.3 if it has either: (i) filed such report with the SEC via its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system and such report is publicly available on such system; or (ii) made such report available on any publicly available website maintained by the Company.
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ARTICLE VIII
TAX MATTERS
Section 8.1 Tax Returns and Information . The Company shall timely file all returns of the Company that are required for federal, state and local income tax purposes on the basis of the accrual method and its fiscal year. The Company shall use reasonable efforts to furnish to all Members necessary tax information as promptly as possible after the end of the fiscal year of the Company; provided , however , that delivery of such tax information may be subject to delay as a result of the late receipt of any necessary tax information from an entity in which the Company or any Company Group Member holds an interest. Each Member shall be required to report for all tax purposes consistently with such information provided by the Company.
Section 8.2 Tax Elections .
(a) The Manager shall determine whether to make or refrain from making the election provided for in Section 754 of the Code, and any and all other elections permitted by the tax laws of the U.S., the several states and other relevant jurisdictions, in its sole discretion. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, for the purposes of computing the adjustments under Section 743(b) of the Code, the Manager shall be authorized (but not required) to adopt a convention whereby the price paid by a transferee of a Share will be deemed to be the lowest quoted closing price of the Shares on any National Securities Exchange on which such Shares are traded during the calendar month in which such Transfer occurs as is deemed to occur pursuant to this Agreement without regard to the actual price paid by such transferee.
(b) Except as otherwise provided herein, the Manager shall determine whether the Company should make any other elections permitted by the Code.
Section 8.3 Tax Controversies . The Manager (or such other person as required by applicable law) shall be the Tax Matters Partner. The Manager is authorized and required to represent the Company (at the Companys expense) in connection with all examinations of the Companys affairs by tax authorities, including resulting administrative and judicial proceedings, and to expend Company funds for professional services and costs associated therewith. Each Member agrees to cooperate with the Manager and to do or refrain from doing any or all things reasonably required by the Manager to conduct such proceedings. The Company shall give the Manager any required power of attorney to satisfy the intent of this Section 8.3.
Section 8.4 Withholding . Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Manager is authorized to take any action that may be required to cause the Company and other Company Group Members to comply with any withholding requirements established under the Code or any other Applicable Law including pursuant to Sections 1441, 1442, 1445 and 1446 of the Code. To the extent that the Company is required or elects to withhold and pay over to any taxing authority any amount resulting from the allocation or distribution of income to any Member (including by reason of Section 1446 of the Code), the Manager may treat the amount withheld as a distribution of cash pursuant to Sections 5.2 or 9.3 in the amount of such withholding from such Member.
Section 8.5 Class B Common Shares . For federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes, no Class B Common Shares shall be treated as outstanding limited liability company membership interests and holders that own only Class B Common Shares shall not be treated as Members.
Section 8.6 Tax Receivable Agreement . In the event the Company is taxed as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes, the Company will enter, and will cause APO LLC, Apollo Principal I, Apollo Principal III, and any other flow-through entity the Issuer owns interests in, to enter, into a tax receivable agreement substantially in the same form as the Tax Receivable Agreement.
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ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION
Section 9.1 Dissolution . The Company shall not be dissolved by the admission of Substitute Members or additional Members following the date hereof. The Company shall dissolve, and its affairs shall be wound up, upon:
(a) an election to dissolve the Company by the Manager that is approved by the Members holding a majority of the Voting Power of the Company;
(b) the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets and properties of the Company;
(c) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act; or
(d) at any time that there are no Members of the Company, unless the business of the Company is continued in accordance with the Delaware Act.
Section 9.2 Liquidator .
(a) Upon dissolution of the Company, the Manager shall select one or more Persons to act as Liquidator (which may be the Manager). The Liquidator (if other than the Manager) shall be entitled to receive such compensation for its services as may be approved by the Manager. The Liquidator (if other than the Manager) shall agree not to resign at any time without 15 days prior notice and may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by notice of removal approved by the Manager.
(b) Upon dissolution, death, incapacity, removal or resignation of the Liquidator, a successor and substitute Liquidator (who shall have and succeed to all rights, powers and duties of the original Liquidator) shall within 30 days thereafter be appointed by the Manager. The right to approve a successor or substitute Liquidator in the manner provided herein shall be deemed to refer also to any such successor or substitute Liquidator approved in the manner herein provided. Except as expressly provided in this Article IX , the Liquidator approved in the manner provided herein shall have and may exercise, without further authorization or consent of any of the parties hereto, all of the powers conferred upon the Manager under the terms of this Agreement (but subject to all of the applicable limitations, contractual and otherwise, upon the exercise of such powers) necessary or appropriate to carry out the duties and functions of the Liquidator hereunder for and during the period of time required to complete the winding up and liquidation of the Company as provided for herein.
Section 9.3 Liquidation . The Liquidator shall proceed to dispose of the assets of the Company, discharge its liabilities, and otherwise wind up its affairs in such manner and over such period as determined by the Liquidator, subject to Section 18-804 of the Delaware Act and the following:
(a) Subject to Section 9.3(c) the assets may be disposed of by public or private sale or by distribution in kind to one or more Members on such terms as the Liquidator and such Member or Members may agree. The Liquidator may defer liquidation or distribution of the Companys assets for a reasonable time if it determines that an immediate sale or distribution of all or some of the Companys assets would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Members. The Liquidator may distribute the Companys assets, in whole or in part, in kind if it determines that a sale would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Members. If any property is distributed in kind, the Member receiving the property shall be deemed for purposes of Section 9.3(c) to have received cash equal to its fair market value; and contemporaneously therewith, appropriate cash distributions must be made to the other Members. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Members understand and acknowledge that a Member may be compelled to accept a distribution of any asset in kind from the Company despite the fact that the percentage of the asset distributed to such Member exceeds the percentage of that asset which is equal to the percentage in which such Member shares in distributions from the Company.
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(b) Liabilities of the Company include amounts owed to the Liquidator as compensation for serving in such capacity (subject to the terms of Section 9.2 ) and amounts to Members otherwise than in respect of their distribution rights under Article V . With respect to any liability that is contingent, conditional or unmatured or is otherwise not yet due and payable, the Liquidator shall either settle such claim for such amount as it thinks appropriate or establish a reserve of cash or other assets to provide for its payment. When paid, any unused portion of the reserve shall be applied to other liabilities or distributed as additional liquidation proceeds.
(c) Upon dissolution and liquidation of the Company pursuant to Article IX, all property and all cash in excess of that required to discharge liabilities as provided in Section 9.3(b) shall be distributed to the Members pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests, and shall also take into consideration any liquidation preference that the Noteholders are entitled to receive under the Strategic Agreement.
Section 9.4 Cancellation of Certificate of Formation . Upon the completion of the distribution of Company cash and property as provided in Section 9.3 in connection with the liquidation of the Company, the Certificate of Formation and all qualifications of the Company as a foreign limited liability company in jurisdictions other than the State of Delaware shall be canceled and such other actions as may be necessary to terminate the Company shall be taken.
Section 9.5 Return of Contributions . The Manager, the Members and the officers of the Company will not be personally liable for, or have any obligation to contribute or loan any monies or property to the Company to enable it to effectuate, the return of the Capital Contributions of the Members, or any portion thereof, it being expressly understood that any such return shall be made solely from Company assets.
Section 9.6 Waiver of Partition . To the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law, each Member hereby waives any right to partition of the Company property.
ARTICLE X
AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT
Section 10.1 Amendments to be Adopted Solely by the Manager . Each Member agrees that the Manager, without the approval of any Member, the Board or any other Person, may amend any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect:
(a) a change in the name of the Company, the location of the principal place of business of the Company, the registered agent of the Company or the registered office of the Company;
(b) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Members in accordance with this Agreement;
(c) a change that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to qualify or continue the qualification of the Company as a limited liability company or a company in which the Members have limited liability under the laws of any state or other jurisdiction or to ensure that the Company Group Members will not be treated as associations taxable as corporations or otherwise taxed as entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
(d) a change that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in U.S. federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation;
(e) a change that the Manager determines in its sole discretion: (i) does not adversely affect the Members considered as a whole (including any particular class of Shares as compared to other classes of Shares, treating the Common Shares as a separate class for this purpose) in any material respect; (ii) to be
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necessary, desirable or appropriate to: (A) satisfy any requirements, conditions or guidelines contained in any opinion, directive, order, ruling or regulation of any U.S. federal or state or non-U.S. agency or judicial authority or contained in any U.S. federal or state or non-U.S. statute (including the Delaware Act); or (B) facilitate the trading of the Shares (including the division of any class or classes of Shares into different classes to facilitate uniformity of tax consequences within such classes of Shares) or comply with any rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are or will be listed; (iii) to be necessary or appropriate in connection with action taken by the Manager pursuant to Section 4.2 ; or (iv) is required to effect the intent expressed in any Registration Statement or the intent of the provisions of this Agreement or is otherwise contemplated by this Agreement;
(f) a change in the fiscal year or taxable year of the Company and any other changes that the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the fiscal year or taxable year of the Company including, if the Manager shall so determine in its sole discretion, a change in the definition of Quarter and the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Company;
(g) an amendment that the Manager determines is necessary or appropriate based on advice of counsel, to prevent the Company, or the Manager or its partners, officers, trustees, representatives or agents (as applicable) from having a material risk of being in any manner subjected to the provisions of the Investment Company Act, the U.S. Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, or plan asset regulations adopted under the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, regardless of whether such are substantially similar to plan asset regulations currently applied or proposed by the United States Department of Labor;
(h) an amendment that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary, desirable or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares;
(i) any amendment expressly permitted in this Agreement to be made by the Manager acting alone;
(j) an amendment effected, necessitated or contemplated by a Merger Agreement approved in accordance with Section 11.3 ;
(k) an amendment that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to reflect and account for the formation by the Company of, or investment by the Company in, any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other entity, in connection with the conduct by the Company of activities permitted by the terms of Section 2.5 or Section 6.1 ;
(l) a merger, conversion or conveyance pursuant to Section 11.3(d) , including any amendment permitted pursuant to Section 11.5 ; or
(m) any other amendments substantially similar to the foregoing.
Section 10.2 Amendment Procedures . Except as provided in Section 3.2 , Section 10.1 , Section 10.3 and Section 11.5 , all amendments to this Agreement shall be made in accordance with the following requirements. Amendments to this Agreement may be proposed only by the Manager; provided however , that, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Manager shall have no duty or obligation to propose any amendment to this Agreement and may decline to do so free of any duty (including any fiduciary duty) or obligation whatsoever to the Company or any Member or other Person bound by this Agreement and, in declining to propose an amendment, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, shall not be required to act in good faith or pursuant to any other standard imposed by this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby or under the Delaware Act or any other Applicable Law or at equity. A proposed amendment shall be effective upon its approval by the Manager and the Members holding a majority of the Voting Power of the Company unless a greater or different percentage is required under this Agreement or by Delaware law. Each proposed amendment that requires the approval of the holders of a specified percentage of the Voting Power of the Company shall be set forth in a writing that contains the text of the proposed amendment. If such an amendment is proposed, the Manager shall seek the written approval of the requisite percentage of the Voting Power of the Company or call a
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meeting of the Members to consider and vote on such proposed amendment, in each case in accordance with the other provisions of this Article X . The Manager shall notify all Record Holders upon final adoption of any such proposed amendments.
Section 10.3 Amendment Requirements .
(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.1 , Section 10.2 and Section 11.5 , no provision of this Agreement that requires the vote or consent of Members holding, or holders of, a percentage of the Voting Power of the Company (including the Voting Power in respect of Voting Shares deemed owned by the Manager and its Affiliates) required to take any action shall be amended, altered, changed, repealed or rescinded in any respect that would have the effect of reducing such voting percentage unless such amendment is approved by the written consent or the affirmative vote of Members or holders of Voting Power of the Company whose aggregate Voting Power constitutes not less than the voting or consent requirement sought to be reduced.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.1 and Section 10.2 , no amendment to this Agreement may: (i) enlarge the obligations of any a Member without his, her or its consent, unless such shall be deemed to have occurred as a result of an amendment approved pursuant to Section 10.3(c) ; or (ii) enlarge the obligations of, restrict in any way any action by or rights of, or reduce in any way the amounts distributable, reimbursable or otherwise payable to the Manager or any of its Affiliates without the Managers consent, which consent may be given or withheld in its sole discretion.
(c) Except as provided in Section 10.1 and Section 11.3 , any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any class of Shares in relation to other classes of Shares must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Outstanding Shares of the class affected.
(d) Except as provided in Section 10.1 and subject to Section 12.7(c) , this Section 10.3 shall only be amended with the approval of the Members holding of at least 90% of the Voting Power of the Company.
ARTICLE XI
MERGER, CONSOLIDATION OR CONVERSION
Section 11.1 Authority . The Company may merge or consolidate with one or more limited liability companies or other business entities as defined in Section 18-209 of the Delaware Act, or convert into any such entity, whether such entity is formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state of the United States of America, pursuant to a written agreement of merger or consolidation ( Merger Agreement ) or a written plan of conversion ( Plan of Conversion ), as the case may be, in accordance with this Article XI .
Section 11.2 Procedure for Merger, Consolidation or Conversion . Merger, consolidation or conversion of the Company pursuant to this Article XI requires the prior approval of the Manager; provided , however , that to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Manager shall have no duty or obligation to consent to any merger, consolidation or other business combination of the Company and, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, may decline to do so free of any duty (including any fiduciary duty) or obligation whatsoever to the Company, any Member or any other Person bound by this Agreement and, in declining to consent to a merger, consolidation or other business combination, shall not be required to act pursuant to any other standard imposed by this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby or under the Delaware Act or any other Applicable Law.
(a) If the Manager shall determine to consent to a merger or consolidation, the Manager shall approve the Merger Agreement, which shall set forth:
(i) the names and jurisdictions of formation or organization of each of the business entities proposing to merge or consolidate;
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(ii) the name and jurisdiction of formation or organization of the business entity that is to survive the proposed merger or consolidation (the Surviving Business Entity );
(iii) the terms and conditions of the proposed merger or consolidation;
(iv) the manner and basis of exchanging or converting the rights or securities of, or interests in, each constituent business entity for, or into, cash, property, rights, or securities of or interests in, the Surviving Business Entity; and if any rights or securities of, or interests in, any constituent business entity are not to be exchanged or converted solely for, or into, cash, property, rights, or securities of or interests in, the Surviving Business Entity, the cash, property, rights, or securities of or interests in, any limited liability company or other business entity which the holders of such rights, securities or interests are to receive, if any;
(v) a statement of any changes in the constituent documents or the adoption of new constituent documents (the certificate of formation or limited liability company agreement, articles or certificate of incorporation, articles of trust, declaration of trust, certificate or agreement of limited partnership or other similar charter or governing document) of the Surviving Business Entity to be effected by such merger or consolidation;
(vi) the effective time of the merger, which may be the date of the filing of the certificate of merger or a later date specified in or determinable in accordance with the Merger Agreement (provided, that if the effective time of the merger is to be later than the date of the filing of the certificate of merger, the effective time shall be fixed no later than the time of the filing of the certificate of merger or the time stated therein); and
(vii) such other provisions with respect to the proposed merger or consolidation that the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate.
(b) If the Manager shall determine to consent to a conversion, the Manager may approve and adopt a Plan of Conversion containing such terms and conditions that the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate.
Section 11.3 Approval by Members of Merger, Consolidation or Conversion or Sales of Substantially All of the Companys Assets .
(a) Except as provided in Section 11.3(d) , the Manager, upon its approval of the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as the case may be, shall direct that the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as applicable, be submitted to a vote of Members, whether at an annual meeting or a special meeting, in either case, in accordance with the requirements of Article XII . A copy or a summary of the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as applicable, shall be included in or enclosed with the notice of meeting.
(b) Except as provided in Section 11.3(d) , the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as applicable, shall be approved upon receiving the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company.
(c) Except as provided in Section 11.3(d) , after such approval by vote or consent of the Members, and at any time prior to the filing of the certificate of merger or a certificate of conversion pursuant to Section 11.4 , the merger, consolidation or conversion may be abandoned pursuant to provisions therefor, if any, set forth in the Merger Agreement or the Plan of Conversion, as the case may be.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Manager is permitted, without Member approval, to convert the Company into a new limited liability entity, or to merge the Company into, or convey all of the Companys assets to, another limited liability entity, which shall be newly formed and shall have no assets, liabilities or operations at the time of such conversion, merger or conveyance other than those it receives from the Company if: (i) the Manager has received an Opinion of Counsel that the conversion, merger or conveyance, as the case may be, would not result in the loss of the limited liability of any Member or cause the Company to be treated as an association taxable as a corporation or otherwise to
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be taxed as an entity for federal income tax purposes (to the extent not previously treated as such); (ii) the sole purpose of such conversion, merger or conveyance is to effect a mere change in the legal form of the Company into another limited liability entity; and (iii) the governing instruments of the new entity provide the Members and the Manager with substantially the same rights and obligations as are herein contained.
(e) No Member is entitled to dissenters rights of appraisal in the event of a merger, consolidation or conversion pursuant to this Article XI , a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or the Companys Subsidiaries, or any other similar transaction or event.
(f) The Manager may cause the Company to sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, or approve on behalf of the Company any such sale, exchange or other disposition, or mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, in each case, without the approval of any Member.
(g) Without the approval of any Member, the Manager may, at any time, cause the Company to implement a reorganization whereby a Delaware statutory trust (the ERISA Trust ) would hold all Outstanding Class A Common Shares and the holder of each Class A Common Share would receive, in exchange for such Class A Common Shares, a common share of the Trust which would represent one undivided beneficial interest in the Trust, and each common share of the Trust would correspond to one underlying Class A Common Share; provided , however , that the Manager will not implement such a trust structure if, in its sole discretion, it determines that such reorganization would be taxable or otherwise alter the benefits or burdens of ownership of the Class A Common Shares, including altering a Members allocation of items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit or the treatment of such items for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Manager will also be required to implement the reorganization in such a manner that the reorganization does not have a material effect on the voting or economic rights of Class A Common Shares and Class B Common Shares.
(h) Each merger, consolidation or conversion approved pursuant to this Article XI shall provide that all holders of Class A Common Shares shall be entitled to receive the same consideration pursuant to such transaction with respect to each of their Class A Common Shares.
Section 11.4 Certificate of Merger or Conversion . Upon the required approval by the Manager of a Merger Agreement or a Plan of Conversion, as the case may be, a certificate of merger or certificate of conversion, as applicable, shall be executed and filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in conformity with the requirements of the Delaware Act.
Section 11.5 Amendment of Agreement . Pursuant to Section 18-209(f) of the Delaware Act, an agreement of merger, consolidation or other business combination approved in accordance with this Article XI may:
(a) effect any amendment to this Agreement; or
(b) effect the adoption of a new limited liability company agreement for a limited liability company if it is the Surviving Business Entity.
Any such amendment or adoption made pursuant to this Section 11.5 shall be effective at the effective time or date of the merger, consolidation or other business combination.
Section 11.6 Effect of Merger .
(a) At the effective time of the certificate of merger, consolidation or similar certificate:
(i) all of the rights, privileges and powers of each of the business entities that has merged or consolidated, and all property, real, personal and mixed, and all debts due to any of those business entities shall be vested in the Surviving Business Entity and after the merger or consolidation shall be the property of the Surviving Business Entity and all other things and causes of action belonging to
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each of those business entities, shall be vested in the Surviving Business Entity to the extent they were of each constituent business entity;
(ii) the title to any real property vested by deed or otherwise in any of those constituent business entities shall not revert and is not in any way impaired because of the merger or consolidation;
(iii) all rights of creditors and all liens on or security interests in property of any of those constituent business entities shall be preserved unimpaired; and
(iv) all debts, liabilities and duties of those constituent business entities shall attach to the Surviving Business Entity and may be enforced against it to the same extent as if the debts, liabilities and duties had been incurred or contracted by it.
(b) It is the intent of the parties hereto that a merger or consolidation effected pursuant to this Article XI shall not be deemed to result in a Transfer or assignment of assets or liabilities from one entity to another.
Section 11.7 Corporate Treatment; Change of Law .
(a) In the event that the Manager determines the Company should seek relief pursuant to Section 7704(e) of the Code to preserve the status of the Company as a partnership for U.S. federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes, the Company and each Member shall agree to adjustments required by the tax authorities, and the Company shall pay such amounts as required by the tax authorities, to preserve the status of the Company as a partnership for tax purposes.
(b) If there is a change in the Code or other applicable tax law that causes the Company to be taxable as an association or a corporation, or otherwise imposes taxes with respect to the earnings of the Company or its Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, on the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Members in a way that is materially different from the way in which such taxes are imposed as of the date hereof, then the Manager may take such measures as it determines, in consultation with tax counsel, are necessary or advisable to optimize the Companys tax structure, including causing the Company to be taxed as a corporation.
ARTICLE XII
MEMBER MEETINGS.
Section 12.1 Member Meetings .
(a) All acts of Members (other than the Manager) to be taken hereunder shall be taken in the manner provided in this Article XII . The Manager may, in its sole discretion, call meetings of the Members for the transaction of such business, at such time and place as the Manager shall specify.
(b) A failure to hold a meeting of the Members at a designated time shall not affect otherwise valid acts of the Company or work a forfeiture or dissolution of the Company.
(c) In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company and the annual meeting for election of Directors is not held on the date designated therefor, the Directors shall cause the meeting to be held as soon as is convenient. If there is a failure to hold the annual meeting for a period of 30 days after the date designated for the annual meeting, or if no date has been designated, for a period of 13 months after the latest to occur of the date of this Agreement or its last annual meeting, it is the intent of the parties that no annual meeting be held for that year. In such situations, the Manager will provide notice to all Members entitled to vote in the election of Directors as to the manner in which the election shall be conducted and the procedure that such Member must comply with in order to vote in the election of Directors.
(d) In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, all elections of Directors will be by written ballots; if authorized by the Board, such requirement
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of a written ballot shall be satisfied by a ballot submitted by electronic transmission, provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be reasonably determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the Member or proxyholder.
(e) Special meetings of the Members may only be called by either the Manager or the holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company.
Section 12.2 Notice of Meetings of Members .
(a) Notice, stating the place, day and hour of any annual or special meeting of the Members, as determined by the Manager, and: (i) in the case of a special meeting of the Members, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called; or (ii) in the case of an annual meeting, those matters that the Manager, at the time of giving the notice, intends to present for action by the Members, shall be delivered by the Company not less than 10 calendar days nor more than 60 calendar days before the date of the meeting, to each Record Holder who is entitled to vote at such meeting. Such further notice shall be given as may be required by Delaware law. Any previously scheduled meeting of the Members may be postponed, and any meeting of the Members may be canceled, by written notice of the Manager prior to the date previously scheduled for such meeting of the Members.
Section 12.3 Record Date. For purposes of determining the Members entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the Members, the Manager may set a Record Date, which shall not be (a) less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting (unless such requirement conflicts with any rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, in which case the rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of such exchange shall govern) or (b) in the event that approvals are sought without a meeting (pursuant to Section 12.6 ), the date by which Members are requested in writing by the Manager to give such approvals. If no Record Date is fixed by the Manager, then (x) the Record Date for determining Members entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Members shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given and (ii) the Record Date for determining the Members entitled to give approvals without a meeting shall be the date the first written approval is deposited with the Company. A determination of Members of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Members shall apply to any adjournment or postponement of the meeting; provided , however , that the Manager may fix a new Record Date for the adjourned or postponed meeting.
Section 12.4 Quorum: Required Vote for Member Action; Voting for Directors; Adjournment.
(a) At any meeting of the Members, the holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company or of such class or series for which a meeting has been called, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum of such class or classes or series unless any such action by the Members requires approval by holders of a greater percentage of Voting Power of such Shares, in which case the quorum shall be such greater percentage. The submission of matters to Members for approval shall occur only at a meeting of the Members duly called and held in accordance with this Agreement at which a quorum is present; provided , however , that the Members present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Members to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other than adjournment) is approved by the required percentage of Shares specified in this Agreement. Any meeting of Members may be adjourned from time to time by the chairman of the meeting to another place or time, without regard to the presence of a quorum.
(b) All matters properly submitted to Members for approval shall be determined by a majority of the Voting Power of the Company entitled to vote at such meeting and which are present in person or by proxy at such meeting (unless a greater percentage is required with respect to such matter under the Delaware Act, under the rules of any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, or under the provisions of this Agreement, in which case the approval of Members holding Outstanding Shares that in the aggregate represent at least such greater percentage shall be required) and such determination shall be deemed to constitute the act of all of the Members.
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(c) Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast for a particular position.
(d) In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of Members may be adjourned from time to time by the affirmative vote of Members holding at least a majority of the Voting Power of the Company entitled to vote at such meeting represented either in person or by proxy, but no other business may be transacted, except as provided in this Article XII. When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting and a new Record Date need not be fixed, if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, unless such adjournment shall be for more than 45 days. At the adjourned meeting, the Company may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 45 days or if a new Record Date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given in accordance with this Article XII.
Section 12.5 Conduct of a Meeting; Member Lists . The Manager shall have full power and authority concerning the manner of conducting any meeting of the Members, including the determination of Persons entitled to vote, the existence of a quorum, the satisfaction of the requirements of this Article XII , the conduct of voting, the validity and effect of any proxies and the determination of any controversies, votes or challenges arising in connection with or during the meeting or voting. The Manager shall designate a Person to serve as chairman of any meeting and shall further designate a Person to take the minutes of any meeting. All minutes shall be kept with the records of the Company maintained by the Manager. The Manager may make such other regulations consistent with Applicable Law and this Agreement as it may deem advisable concerning the conduct of any meeting of the Members, including regulations in regard to the appointment of proxies, the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies and other evidence of the right to vote.
Section 12.6 Action Without a Meeting . On any matter that is to be voted on, consented to or approved by Members, the Members may take such action without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the Members having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all Members entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.
Section 12.7 Voting and Other Rights .
(a) Only those Record Holders of Outstanding Shares on the Record Date set pursuant to Section 12.3 shall be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, a meeting of Members or to act with respect to matters as to which the holders of the Outstanding Shares have the right to vote or to act. All references in this Agreement to votes of, or other acts that may be taken by, the holders of Outstanding Shares shall be deemed to be references to the votes or acts of the Record Holders of such Outstanding Voting Shares on such Record Date. Each Class A Common Share shall entitle the holder thereof (other than the Investor or any of its Affiliates) to one vote for each Class A Common Share held of record by such holder as of the relevant Record Date. Each Class B Common Share shall entitle the holder thereof to vote in accordance with the provisions of Section 12.7(e) .
(b) With respect to Outstanding Shares that are held for a Persons account by another Person (such as a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation, or an agent of any of the foregoing), in whose name such Outstanding Shares are registered, such other Person shall, in exercising the voting rights in respect of such Outstanding Shares on any matter, and unless the arrangement between such Persons provides otherwise, vote such Outstanding Shares in favor of, and at the direction of, the Person who is the Beneficial Owner, and the Company shall be entitled to assume it is so acting without further inquiry.
(c) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, for the avoidance of doubt, the Investor and each of its Affiliates shall be subject to the limitations on voting set forth in this Section 12.7(c) upon becoming a Member (whether at the time of conversion of the Note into Class A Common Shares or otherwise) and for so long as the Investor and its Affiliates Beneficially Own any Shares. Notwithstanding
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anything otherwise to the contrary herein or the terms of any Class A Common Shares, the Investor and each of its Affiliates shall have no voting rights whatsoever with respect to the Company, including any voting rights that may otherwise exist for Members or Record Holders hereunder, under the Delaware Act, at law, in equity or otherwise; provided , that, (i) prior to an Initial Offering, any amendment to Article IV , Article V , Article IX , Section 10.3 , or Section 11.3 of this Agreement that would have a disproportionate adverse effect on the Noteholders must be consented to in writing by the Noteholders holding 66% of the aggregate principal balance of the then outstanding Notes; provided, that as long as either Investor (directly or indirectly) holds at least 50% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes purchased by such Investor under the Strategic Agreement on the Closing Date (as such term is defined in the Strategic Agreement), such consent shall also require the separate prior consent of such Investor; and (ii) after an Initial Offering, any amendment to Article IV , Article V , Article IX , Section 10.3 , or Section 11.3 of this Agreement that would have a disproportionate adverse effect on the Investors and their Affiliates must be consented to in writing by the Investors and their Affiliates.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Delaware Act or Applicable Law, each of the Members and each other Person who may acquire an interest in Shares hereby agrees that the holders of Class B Common Shares shall be entitled to receive notice of, be included in any requisite quora for and participate in any and all approvals, votes or other actions of the Members on an equivalent basis as holders of Class A Common Shares (including any and all notices, quora, approvals, votes and other actions that may be taken pursuant to the requirements of the Delaware Act or any other Applicable Law), in each case subject to and not in limitation of the rights of the holders of Class B Common Shares as provided in this Agreement.
(e) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the holders of Class B Common Shares, as such, collectively shall be entitled to a number of votes that is equal to the aggregate number of Operating Group Units outstanding as of the relevant Record Date, less the number of Class A Common Shares outstanding as of the same relevant Record Date (the Aggregate Class B Vote ). Prior to the BRH Holdings Cessation Date, BRH Holdings shall be entitled to all of the votes to which the holders of Class B Common Shares, as such, collectively are then entitled. From and after the BRH Holdings Cessation Date, the Aggregate Class B Vote shall be allocated among all holders of Class B Common Shares (other than the Company or its Subsidiaries), if more than one, as BRH Holdings shall determine in its sole discretion. The number of votes to which the holders of Class B Common Shares shall be entitled shall be adjusted accordingly if (i) a holder of Class A Common Shares, as such, shall become entitled to a number of votes other than one for each Class A Common Share held and/or (ii) under the terms of the Exchange Agreement the holders of Operating Group Units party thereto shall become entitled to exchange each such Operating Group Unit for a number of Class A Common Shares other than one. The holders of Class B Common Shares shall vote together with the holders of Class A Common Shares as a single class and, to the extent that the holders of Class A Common Shares shall vote together with the holders of any other class of limited liability company interests, the holders of Class B Common Shares shall also vote together with the holders of such other class of limited liability company interests on an equivalent basis as the holders of Class A Common Shares.
(f) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, and in addition to any other vote required by the Delaware Act or this Agreement, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of the Class B Common Shares (excluding Class B Common Shares held by the Company and its Subsidiaries) voting separately as a class shall be required to alter, amend or repeal Sections 12.7(d) or 12.7(e) or this Section 12.7(f) , or to adopt any provision inconsistent therewith.
Section 12.8 Proxies and Voting .
(a) On any matter that is to be voted on by Members, the Members may vote in person or by proxy, and such proxy may be granted in writing, by means of electronic transmission or as otherwise permitted by Applicable Law. Any such proxy shall be filed in accordance with the procedure established for the meeting. For purposes of this Agreement, the term electronic transmission means any form of
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communication not directly involving the physical transmission of paper that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to this paragraph may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.
(b) The Manager may, and to the extent required by Applicable Law, shall, in advance of any meeting of Members, appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Manager may designate one or more alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act.
(c) With respect to the use of proxies at any meeting of Members, the Company shall be governed by paragraphs (b), (c), (d) and (e) of Section 212 of the DGCL and other applicable provisions of the DGCL, as though the Company were a Delaware corporation and as though the Members were stockholders of a Delaware corporation.
ARTICLE XIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 13.1 Addresses and Notices . Any notice, demand, request, report or proxy materials required or permitted to be given or made to a Member under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given or made when delivered in person or when sent by first class United States mail or by other means of written communication to the Member at the address described below. Any notice, payment or report to be given or made to a Member hereunder shall be deemed conclusively to have been given or made, and the obligation to give such notice or report or to make such payment shall be deemed conclusively to have been fully satisfied, upon sending of such notice, payment or report to the Record Holder of such Shares at his address as shown on the records of the Transfer Agent or as otherwise shown on the records of the Company, regardless of any claim of any Person who may have an interest in such Shares by reason of any assignment or otherwise. An affidavit or certificate of making of any notice, payment or report in accordance with the provisions of this Section 13.1 executed by the Company, the Transfer Agent or the mailing organization shall be prima facie evidence of the giving or making of such notice, payment or report. If any notice, payment or report addressed to a Record Holder at the address of such Record Holder appearing on the books and records of the Transfer Agent or the Company is returned by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the United States Postal Service is unable to deliver it, such notice, payment or report and any subsequent notices, payments and reports shall be deemed to have been duly given or made without further mailing (until such time as such Record Holder or another Person notifies the Transfer Agent or the Company of a change in his address) if they are available for the Member at the principal office of the Company for a period of one year from the date of the giving or making of such notice, payment or report to the other Members. Any notice to the Company shall be deemed given if received by the Secretary at the principal office of the Company designated pursuant to Section 2.4 . The Manager may rely and shall be protected in relying on any notice or other document from a Member or other Person if believed by it to be genuine.
Section 13.2 Further Assurances . Each party hereto shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments, and documents as any other party hereto reasonably may request in order to carry out the provisions of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
Section 13.3 Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns.
Section 13.4 Integration . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto;
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provided , that nothing contained herein shall be construed to amend or modify in any way the rights and obligations of the respective parties under the Agreement Among Principals, the Shareholders Agreement and the Investors Rights Agreement.
Section 13.5 Creditors . None of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of, or shall be enforceable by, any creditor of the Company.
Section 13.6 Waiver . No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof shall constitute waiver of any such breach of any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.
Section 13.7 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, all of which together shall constitute an agreement binding on all the parties hereto, notwithstanding that all such parties are not signatories to the original or the same counterpart. Each party shall become bound by this Agreement immediately upon affixing its signature hereto or, in the case of a Person acquiring a Share pursuant to Article III , without need for execution hereto.
Section 13.8 Applicable Law . This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to principles of conflict of laws. Prior to the Initial Offering, each Member: (i) irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction and venue of any Delaware state court or U.S. federal court sitting in Wilmington, Delaware in any action arising out of this Agreement; and (ii) consents to the service of process by mail. Nothing herein shall affect the right of any party to serve legal process in any manner permitted by Applicable Law or affect its right to bring any action in any other court.
Section 13.9 Severability . It is the desire and intent of the parties that the provisions of this Agreement be enforced to the fullest extent permissible under the laws and public policies applied in each jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought. Accordingly, if any particular provision of this Agreement shall be adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable for any reason, such provision, as to such jurisdiction, shall be ineffective, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such provision could be more narrowly drawn so as not to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable in such jurisdiction, it shall, as to such jurisdiction, be so narrowly drawn, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.
Section 13.10 Consent of Members . Each Member hereby expressly consents and agrees that, whenever in this Agreement it is specified that an action may be taken upon the affirmative vote or consent of less than all of the Members, such action may be so taken upon the concurrence of less than all of the
Section 13.11 Facsimile Signatures . The use of facsimile signatures affixed in the name and on behalf of the transfer agent and registrar of the Company on certificates representing Shares is expressly permitted by this Agreement.
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered, all as of the date first set forth above.
No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.
35,624,540 Class A Shares
Apollo Global
Management, LLC
Representing Class A Limited Liability Company Interests
The information in this preliminary prospectus is not complete and may be changed. The securities may not be sold until the registration statement filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission is effective. This preliminary prospectus is not an offer to sell nor does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Subject to Completion, dated October 7, 2010
Shares
Apollo Global Management, LLC
Class A Shares
Representing Class A Limited Liability Company Interests
This is an initial public offering of Class A shares, representing Class A limited liability company interests of Apollo Global Management, LLC.
We are selling Class A shares and the selling shareholders are selling Class A shares in this offering. We will not receive any of the proceeds from the Class A shares sold by the selling shareholders. To the extent that the underwriters sell more than Class A shares, the underwriters have the option to purchase up to an additional Class A shares from us and an additional Class A shares from the selling shareholders at the initial offering price less underwriting discounts and commissions.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A shares. The initial public offering price of our Class A shares is expected to be between $ and $ per share. We intend to apply to list our Class A shares on the New York Stock Exchange, under the symbol . The listing is subject to approval of our application.
Investing in our Class A shares involves risks. You should read the section entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 37 for a discussion of certain risk factors that you should consider before investing in our Class A shares. These risks include:
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Apollo Global Management, LLC is managed by our manager, which is controlled and owned by our managing partners. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders. |
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Our Class A shareholders will have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our businesses and will have no right to elect our manager. |
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Our organizational documents do not limit our ability to enter into new lines of businesses, and we may expand into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses without shareholder consent, each of which may result in additional risks and uncertainties in our businesses. |
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As discussed in Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations, Apollo Global Management, LLC will be treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and you may therefore be subject to taxation on your allocable share of items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of Apollo Global Management, LLC. You may not receive cash distributions equal to your allocable share of our net taxable income or even in an amount sufficient to pay the tax liability that results from that income. |
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Members of the United States Congress have introduced legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and to apply to us, we would incur a material increase in our tax liability, which could result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares. |
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Per Class A Share | Total | |||||
Initial public offering price |
$ | $ | ||||
Underwriting discount |
$ | $ | ||||
Proceeds, before expenses, to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | $ | ||||
Proceeds, before expenses, to the selling shareholders |
$ | $ |
The underwriters expect to deliver the Class A shares against payment in New York, New York on or about , 2010.
Prospectus dated , 2010.
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F-59 | ||
Annex AAmended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Apollo Global Management, LLC |
A-1 |
THE SECURITIES OFFERED HEREBY HAVE NOT BEEN RECOMMENDED BY ANY UNITED STATES FEDERAL OR STATE SECURITIES COMMISSION OR REGULATORY AUTHORITY. FURTHERMORE, THE FOREGOING AUTHORITIES HAVE NOT CONFIRMED THE ACCURACY OR DETERMINED THE ADEQUACY OF THIS DOCUMENT. ANY REPRESENTATION TO THE CONTRARY IS A CRIMINAL OFFENSE.
In considering the performance information relating to our funds contained herein, prospective Class A shareholders should bear in mind that the performance of our funds is not indicative of the possible performance of our Class A shares and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of our funds, even if fund investments were in fact liquidated on the dates indicated, and there can be no assurance that our funds will continue to achieve, or that future funds will achieve, comparable results.
In addition, an investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007.
This prospectus is solely an offer with respect to Class A shares, and is not an offer directly or indirectly of any securities of any of our funds.
The distribution of this prospectus and the offering and sale of the Class A shares in certain jurisdictions may be restricted by law. We require persons into whose possession this prospectus comes to inform themselves about and to observe any such restrictions. This prospectus does not constitute an offer of, or an invitation to purchase, any of the Class A shares in any jurisdiction in which such offer or invitation would be unlawful.
i
This prospectus contains valuation data relating to the Apollo funds and related data that have been derived from such funds. When considering the valuation and related data presented in this prospectus, you should bear in mind that the historical results of the private equity and capital markets funds that Apollo has managed or sponsored in the past are not indicative of the future results that you should expect from the Apollo funds or from us.
T ERMS USED IN THIS PROSPECTUS
When used in this prospectus, unless the context otherwise requires:
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AAA refers to AP Alternative Assets, L.P., a Guernsey limited partnership that generally invests alongside certain of our private equity funds and directly in certain of our capital markets funds and in other transactions that we sponsor and manage; the common units of AAA are listed on Euronext Amsterdam N.V.s Euronext Amsterdam by NYSE Euronext, which we refer to as Euronext Amsterdam; |
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AAA Investments refers to AAA Investments, L.P., a Guernsey limited partnership through which AAAs investments are made; |
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AAOF refers to Apollo Asia Opportunity Master Fund, L.P., our Asian credit-oriented hedge fund, together with its feeder funds; |
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ACLF refers to Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P.; |
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AIC refers to Apollo Investment Corporation, our publicly traded business development company; |
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AIE I and AIE II mean AP Investment Europe Limited and Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P., respectively; |
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AMH refers to Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership owned by APO Corp. and Holdings; |
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APO Corp. refers to APO Corp., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC; |
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Apollo, we, us, our and the company refer collectively to Apollo Global Management, LLC and its subsidiaries, including the Apollo Operating Group and all of its subsidiaries; |
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Apollo funds and our funds refer to the funds, alternative asset companies and other entities that are managed by the Apollo Operating Group; |
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Apollo Operating Group refers to (i) the limited partnerships through which our managing partners currently operate our businesses and (ii) one or more limited partnerships formed for the purpose of, among other activities, holding certain of our gains or losses on our principal investments in the funds, which we refer to as our principal investments; |
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Apollo Real Estate refers to the entities that manage the Apollo Real Estate Investment Funds, a series of private real estate oriented funds initially established in 1993; our managing partners maintain a minority interest in Apollo Real Estate, but neither they nor we exert any managerial control; |
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Ares refers to Ares Corporate Opportunity Fund, which Apollo established in 1997 to invest predominantly in capital markets-based securities, including senior bank loans and high-yield and mezzanine debt, and other related funds; our managing partners maintain a minority interest in Ares, but neither they nor we exert any managerial control; |
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Artus refers to Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-1, L.P.; |
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Assets Under Management, or AUM, refers to the assets we manage or with respect to which we have control, including capital we have the right to call from our investors pursuant to their capital commitments to various funds. Our AUM equals the sum of: |
(i) |
the fair value of our private equity investments plus the capital that we are entitled to call from our investors pursuant to the terms of their capital commitments plus non-recallable capital to the |
ii
extent a fund is within the commitment period in which management fees are calculated based on total commitments to the fund; |
(ii) | the net asset value, or NAV, of our capital markets funds, other than collateralized senior credit opportunity funds (such as Artus, which we measure by using the mark-to-market value of the aggregate principal amount of the underlying collateralized loan obligations), plus used or available leverage and/or capital commitments; |
(iii) | the gross asset values of our real estate entities and the structured portfolio vehicle investments included within the funds we manage, which includes the leverage used by such structured portfolio vehicles; |
(iv) | the incremental value associated with the reinsurance investments of the funds we manage; and |
(v) | the fair value of any other assets that we manage plus unused credit facilities, including capital commitments for investments that may require pre-qualification before investment plus any other capital commitments available for investment that are not otherwise included in the clauses above. |
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the company refined its definition of AUM to reflect leveraged products that had not been identified in our previous AUM definition. All AUM amounts have been recalculated utilizing the above definition.
Fee-generating AUM consists of assets that we manage and on which we earn management fees or monitoring fees pursuant to management agreements on a basis that varies among the Apollo funds. Management fees are normally based on net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, stockholders equity, invested capital or capital contributions, each as defined in the applicable management agreement. Monitoring fees for AUM purposes are based on the total value of certain structured portfolio vehicle investments, which normally include leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered in fee-generating AUM.
Non-fee generating AUM consists of assets that do not produce management fees or monitoring fees. These assets generally consist of the following: (a) fair value above invested capital for those funds that earn management fees based on invested capital, (b) net asset values related to general partner and co-investment ownership, (c) unused credit facilities, (d) available commitments on those funds that generate management fees on invested capital and (e) structured portfolio vehicle investments that do not generate monitoring fees. We use non-fee generating AUM combined with fee-generating AUM as a performance measurement of our investment activities, as well as to monitor fund size in relation to professional resource and infrastructure needs. Non-fee generating AUM includes assets on which we could earn carried interest income.
Our AUM measure includes assets under management for which we charge either no or nominal fees. Our definition of AUM is not based on any definition of assets under management contained in our operating agreement or in any of our Apollo fund management agreements.
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carried interest, incentive income and carried interest income refer to interests granted to Apollo by an Apollo fund that entitle Apollo to receive allocations, distributions or fees calculated by reference to the performance of such fund or its underlying investments; |
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COF I and COF II mean Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. and Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P., respectively; |
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co-founded means the individuals who joined Apollo in 1990, the year in which the company commenced business operations; |
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contributing partners refers to those of our partners (and their related parties) who indirectly own (through Holdings) Apollo Operating Group units; |
iii
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credit opportunity funds refers to our COF I, COF II, ACLF and Artus capital markets funds; |
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distressed funds refers to our SVF, VIF and SOMA capital markets funds; |
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EPF refers to Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P., our European non-performing loan fund, together with its feeder funds; |
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feeder funds refer to funds that operate by placing substantially all of their assets in, and conducting substantially all of their investment and trading activities through, a master fund, which is designed to facilitate collective investment by the participating feeder funds. With respect to certain of our funds that are organized in a master-feeder structure, the feeder funds are permitted to make investments outside the master fund when deemed appropriate by the funds investment manager; |
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Fund I, Fund II, Fund III, Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI, and Fund VII mean Apollo Investment Fund, L.P., AIF II, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund III, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P., Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. and Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P., respectively, together with their parallel funds, as applicable; |
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distressed and hedge funds refers to certain of our capital markets funds, including SVF, VIF, SOMA, AAOF and certain of our strategic investment accounts; |
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gross IRR of a fund represents the cumulative investment-related cash flows for all of the investors in the fund on the basis of the actual timing of investment inflows and outflows (for unrealized investment assuming disposition on June 30, 2010 or other date specified) aggregated on a gross basis quarterly, and the return is annualized and compounded before management fees, carried interest and certain other fund expenses (including interest incurred by the fund itself) and measures the returns on the funds investments as a whole without regard to whether all of the returns would, if distributed, be payable to the funds investors; |
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Holdings means AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership through which our managing partners and our contributing partners hold their Apollo Operating Group units; |
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IRS refers to the Internal Revenue Service; |
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managing partners refers to Messrs. Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan collectively and, when used in reference to holdings of interests in Apollo or Holdings, includes certain related parties of such individuals; |
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MIA represents a mirrored investment account established to mirror Funds I and II for investments in debt securities; |
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multiple of invested capital means (i) with respect to a given investment as of any date, the actual amount realized with respect to such investment plus the estimated fair market value of the remaining interest in such investment as of such date divided by the total capital invested in such investment through such date, and (ii) with respect to a fund as of any date, the aggregate actual amount realized in respect of such funds investments plus the estimated fair market value of the funds remaining interests in such investments as of such date divided by the lesser of the total capital invested in such investments and the total committed capital of such fund; |
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net IRR of a fund means the gross IRR applicable to all investors, including related parties which may not pay fees, net of management fees, organizational expenses, transaction costs, and certain other fund expenses (including interest incurred by the fund itself) and realized carried interest all offset to the extent of interest income, and measures returns based on amounts that, if distributed, would be paid to investors of the fund; to the extent that an Apollo private equity fund exceeds all requirements detailed within the applicable fund agreement, the estimated unrealized value is adjusted such that a percentage of up to 20.0% of the unrealized gain is allocated to the general partner, thereby reducing the balance attributable to fund investors; |
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net return for Value Funds, SOMA and AAOF represents the calculated return that is based on month-to-month changes in net assets and is calculated using the returns that have been geometrically linked based on capital contributions, distributions and dividend reinvestments, as applicable; |
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net return since inception, unless noted otherwise, represents the calculated return that is based on a funds net cumulative change in net assets as a percentage of aggregate capital contributions from the inception of such fund through June 30, 2010. The calculated returns are geometrically linked based on capital contributions, distributions and dividend reinvestments, as applicable; |
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our manager means AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is controlled by our managing partners; |
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Palmetto refers to Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P.; |
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permanent capital means capital of funds that do not have redemption provisions or a requirement to return capital to investors upon exiting the investments made with such capital, except as required by applicable law, which currently consist of AAA, Apollo Investment Corporation and Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.; such funds may be required, or elect, to return all or a portion of capital gains and investment income; |
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private equity investments refers to (i) direct or indirect investments in existing and future private equity funds managed or sponsored by Apollo, (ii) direct or indirect co-investments with existing and future private equity funds managed or sponsored by Apollo, (iii) direct or indirect investments in securities which are not immediately capable of resale in a public market that Apollo identifies but does not pursue through its private equity funds, and (iv) investments of the type described in (i) through (iii) above made by Apollo funds; |
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SIAs refers to strategic investment accounts including Palmetto, COF I, SOMA, the AGRE CMBS Fund L.P. and two other strategic investment accounts that invest alongside SVF; |
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SOMA refers to Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P.; |
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SVF refers to Apollo Strategic Value Master Fund, L.P., together with its feeder funds; |
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total annualized return means the total compound annual rate of return for a security or index based on the change in market price, assuming the reinvestment of all dividends; |
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Value Funds refers to the SVF and VIF funds combined; and |
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VIF refers to Apollo Value Investment Master Fund, L.P., together with its feeder funds. |
v
This summary highlights information contained elsewhere in this prospectus. This summary sets forth the material terms of this offering, but does not contain all of the information that you should consider before investing in our Class A shares. You should read the entire prospectus carefully, including the section entitled Risk Factors, our financial statements and the related notes and managements discussion and analysis thereof included elsewhere in this prospectus, before making an investment decision to purchase our Class A shares.
Founded in 1990, Apollo is a leading global alternative asset manager. We are contrarian, value-oriented investors in private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate, with significant distressed expertise. We have a flexible mandate in the majority of the funds we manage that enables the funds to invest opportunistically across a companys capital structure. We raise, invest and manage funds on behalf of some of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds, as well as other institutional and individual investors. As of June 30, 2010, we had Assets Under Management, or AUM, of $54.5 billion in our private equity, capital markets and real estate businesses. Our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, held a final closing in December 2008, raising a total of $14.7 billion. We have consistently produced attractive long-term investment returns in our private equity funds, generating a 39% gross IRR and a 26% net IRR on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010. A number of our capital markets funds have also performed well since their inception through June 30, 2010.
Apollo is led by our managing partners, Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, who have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 418 employees, including 140 investment professionals, as of June 30, 2010. This team possesses a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. We have offices in New York, Los Angeles, London, Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. We operate our private equity, capital markets and real estate businesses in an integrated manner, which we believe distinguishes us from other alternative asset managers. Our investment professionals frequently share information across disciplines. We believe that this collaboration, including market insight, management, banking and consultant contacts, as well as investment opportunities, enables us to more successfully invest across a companys capital structure. This platform and the depth and experience of our investment team have enabled us to deliver strong long-term investment performance in our funds throughout a range of economic cycles. For example, Apollos most successful private equity funds (in terms of net IRR), Funds I, II, MIA and Fund V, were initiated during economic downturns. Funds I, II and MIA, which generated a combined gross IRR of 47% and a combined net IRR of 37% on a compound annual basis since inception through the date of the disposition of their final investment on September 30, 2004, were initiated during the economic downturn of 1990 through 1993 and Fund V, which generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis since inception through June 30, 2010, was initiated during the economic downturn of 2001 through late 2003. We began investing our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, in January 2008 in the midst of the current economic downturn. Similarly, with respect to our capital markets business, our flagship Value Funds, which were launched in 2003 and 2006, have also delivered attractive returns since inception across economic cycles.
Our objective is to achieve superior long-term risk-adjusted returns for our fund investors. The majority of our investment funds are designed to invest capital over periods of seven or more years from inception, thereby allowing us to generate attractive long-term returns throughout economic cycles. Our investment approach is value-oriented, focusing on nine core industries in which we have considerable knowledge, and emphasizing downside protection and the preservation of capital. We are frequently contrarian in our investment approach, which is reflected in a number of ways, including:
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our willingness to invest in industries that our competitors typically avoid; |
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the often complex structures we employ in some of our investments, including our willingness to pursue difficult corporate carve-out transactions; |
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our experience investing during periods of uncertainty or distress in the economy or financial markets when many of our competitors simply reduce their investment activity; |
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our orientation towards sole sponsored transactions when other firms have opted to partner with others; and |
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our willingness to undertake transactions that have substantial business, regulatory or legal complexity. |
We have applied this investment philosophy over our 20-year history, allowing us to identify what we believe to be attractive investment opportunities, deploy capital across the balance sheet of industry leading, or franchise, businesses, and create value throughout economic cycles.
During the most recent global economic crisis, which we believe began in the third quarter of 2007, we have been relying on our deep industry, credit and financial structuring experience, coupled with our strengths as value-oriented, distressed investors, to deploy a significant amount of new capital. As examples of this, from the beginning of the second quarter of 2008 and through June 30, 2010, we have invested approximately $16.4 billion of capital across our private equity and capital markets funds focused on control distressed and buyout investments, leveraged loan portfolios and mezzanine, non-control distressed and non-performing loans. In addition, from the beginning of the third quarter of 2007 through June 30, 2010, the funds managed by Apollo have acquired approximately $12.7 billion in face value of distressed debt at discounts to par value and purchased approximately $27.7 billion in face value of leveraged senior loans at discounts to par value from financial institutions. Since we purchased these leveraged loan portfolios from highly motivated sellers, we were able to secure attractive long-term, low cost financing and select credits of companies well known to Apollo. The benchmark S&P/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index, which includes a group of securities we believe is similar to those owned by our funds, had a net return of approximately 3% during the six months ended June 30, 2010, and the performance of our leveraged loan investments has exceeded this benchmark during this period.
As in prior market downturns and periods of significant volatility, we have been purchasing distressed securities and continue to opportunistically build positions in high quality companies with stressed balance sheets in industries where we have expertise such as cable, chemicals, packaging and transportation. Our approach towards investing in distressed situations often requires us to purchase particular debt securities as prices are declining, since this allows us both to reduce our average cost and accumulate sizable positions which may enhance our ability to influence any restructuring plans and maximize the value of our distressed investments. As a result, our investment approach may produce negative short-term unrealized returns in certain of the funds we manage. However, we concentrate on generating attractive, long-term, risk-adjusted realized returns for our fund investors, and we therefore do not overly depend on short-term results and quarterly fluctuations in the unrealized fair value of the holdings in our funds.
In addition to deploying capital in new investments, we have been depending on our 20 years of experience to enhance value in the current investment portfolio of the funds we manage. We have been relying on our restructuring and capital markets experience to work proactively with our funds portfolio company management teams to generate cost and working capital savings, reduce capital expenditures, and optimize capital structures through several means such as debt exchange offers and the purchase of portfolio company debt at discounts to par value. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion in face value of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt in portfolio companies such as CEVA Logistics, Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy and Momentive Performance Materials. In certain situations, such as CEVA Logistics, funds managed by Apollo are the largest owner of the total outstanding debt of the portfolio company. In addition to the attractive return profile associated
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with these portfolio company debt purchases, we believe that building positions as senior creditors within the existing portfolio companies is strategic to the existing equity ownership positions. Additionally, the portfolio companies of Fund VI have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis from the date we acquired them through June 30, 2010, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability.
Since the beginning of 2007, we have experienced significant globalization and expansion of our investment management activities. We have grown our global network by opening offices in Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. Since the beginning of 2007, we have launched a new private equity fund, a new strategic investment account investing in commercial mortgage backed securities and a commercial real estate finance company, as well as several new capital markets funds and leveraged investment vehicles. These vehicles had a combined AUM of $34.0 billion as of June 30, 2010. In addition, in order to more fully leverage our long history of investing in the real estate sector, we continue to hire senior members of the real estate team. Similar to the growth and evolution of our real estate business, we expect to continue to grow our company by applying our value-oriented approach across related investment categories which we believe have synergies with our core business and provide attractive opportunities for us to continue to expand our equity base.
We had total AUM of $54.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, consisting of $33.5 billion in our private equity business, $18.9 billion in our capital markets business and $2.1 billion in our real estate business. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds. We have grown our total AUM at a 33.1% compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, from December 31, 2004 to June 30, 2010. In addition, we benefit from mandates with long-term capital commitments in both our private equity and capital markets businesses. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which is an important component in generating attractive returns for our investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, and 12% was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration, as highlighted in the chart below:
We expect our growth in AUM to continue over time by seeking to create value in our funds existing private equity, capital markets and real estate investments, continuing to deploy our available capital in what we believe are attractive investment opportunities, and raising new funds and investment vehicles as market opportunities present themselves. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds.
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We have three business segments: private equity, capital markets and real estate. We also manage (i) AAA, a publicly listed permanent capital vehicle, which invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored entities, funds, and other investments, and (ii) several strategic investment accounts established to facilitate investments by third-party investors directly in Apollo-sponsored funds and other transactions. The diagram below summarizes our current businesses:
(1) | All data is as of June 30, 2010. The chart does not reflect legal entities or assets managed by former affiliates. |
(2) | Includes three funds that are denominated in Euros and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010. |
As a global alternative asset manager, we earn ongoing management and transaction and advisory fees. We also earn income based on the performance of our funds, and investment income from our investments as general partner and other direct investments. Carried interest from our private equity and certain of our capital markets funds allocates to us a portion of the investment gains that are generated on third-party capital that we invest and typically equals 20% of the returns generated net of fund expenses. Our ability to generate carried interest is an important element of our business and has historically accounted for a significant portion of our income.
Our financial results are highly variable, since carried interest (which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds we manage), and the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We manage our business and monitor our performance with a focus on long-term performance, an approach that mirrors the investment horizons of the funds we manage and is driven by the investment returns of our funds.
Our private equity business had total and fee-generating AUM of $33.5 billion and $27.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, respectively. Our private equity business grew total and fee-generating AUM by a 25.1% and 40.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010. From our inception in 1990 through June 30, 2010, our private equity business invested approximately $33.0 billion of equity capital. As of June 30, 2010, our private equity funds had $10.8 billion of uncalled capital commitments, providing us with a significant source of capital for future investment activities. Since inception through March 31, 2010, the
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returns of our private equity funds have performed in the top quartile for all U.S. buyout funds, as measured by Thomson Financial. Our private equity funds have generated a gross IRR of 39% and a net IRR of 26% on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010, as compared with a total annualized return of 6% for the S&P 500 Index over the same period. In addition, since our inception, our private equity funds (excluding Fund VII, which began investing less than 36 months prior to the valuation date) have achieved a 2.4x average multiple of invested capital. See The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical private equity returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current or future funds or from us.
As a result of our long history of private equity investing across market cycles, we believe we have developed a unique set of skills which we rely on to make new investments and to maximize the value of our existing investments. As an example, through our experience with traditional private equity buyouts, we apply a highly disciplined approach towards structuring and executing transactions, the key tenets of which include acquiring companies at below industry average purchase price multiples, and establishing flexible capital structures with long-term debt maturities and few, if any, financial maintenance covenants.
We believe we have a demonstrated ability to quickly adapt to changing market environments and capitalize on market dislocations through our traditional and distressed buyout approach. In prior periods of strained financial liquidity and economic recession, our private equity funds have made attractive investments by buying the debt of quality businesses (which we refer to as classic distressed debt), converting that debt to equity, seeking to create value through active participation with management and ultimately monetizing the investment. This combination of traditional buyout investing with a distressed option has been deployed through prior economic cycles and has allowed our funds to achieve attractive long-term rates of return in different economic and market environments. In addition, during prior economic downturns we have relied on our restructuring experience and worked closely with our funds portfolio companies to maximize the value of our funds investments. For example, during the economic downturn during 2001-2003, we successfully restructured several of the portfolio companies in Fund IV that were experiencing financial difficulties, and as a result, Fund IV was able to produce a multiple of invested capital of nearly 1.8x as of June 30, 2010. During this same time period, we relied on our credit market expertise to deploy approximately 54% of the capital from Fund V, primarily in distressed for control situations, and this fund generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis as of June 30, 2010. See The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for a discussion of the reasons we do not believe our future IRRs will be similar to the IRRs for Fund V.
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The following charts summarize the breakdown of our funds private equity investments by type and industry from our inception through June 30, 2010.
Private Equity Investments by Type |
Private Equity Investments by Industry |
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* | Includes investments in special purpose entities that invest in debt-related securities of companies included in multiple industries. |
Since Apollos founding in 1990, we believe our capital markets expertise has served as an integral component of our companys growth and success. Our credit-oriented capital markets operations commenced in 1990 with the management of a $3.5 billion high-yield bond and leveraged loan portfolio. Since that time, our capital markets activities have grown significantly, and leverage Apollos integrated platform and utilize the same disciplined, value-oriented investment philosophy that we employ with respect to our private equity funds. Our capital markets operations are led by James Zelter, who has served as the managing partner of the capital markets business since April 2006. Our capital markets business had total and fee-generating AUM of $18.9 billion and $15.3 billion, respectively, as of June 30, 2010 and grew its total and fee-generating AUM by a 57.5% and 51.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010.
Our credit-oriented capital markets funds have been established to capitalize upon our investment experience and deep industry expertise. We seek to participate in capital markets businesses where we believe our industry expertise and experience can be used to generate attractive investment returns. As depicted in the chart below, our capital markets activities span a broad range of the credit spectrum, including non-performing loans, distressed debt, mezzanine debt, senior bank loans and value-oriented fixed income.
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The value-oriented fixed income segment of the capital markets spectrum is the most recent investment area for Apollo, and it is characterized by its ability to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns relative to traditional fixed income investments. An example of our value-oriented fixed income investments is Athene Asset Management LLC, or Athene Asset Management. We established Athene Asset Management, which is substantially owned by a subsidiary of Apollo, to provide asset management services to Athene Life Re Ltd., or Athene Life Re, and other third parties. Athene Life Re is an Apollo sponsored vehicle formed to focus on opportunities in the life reinsurance sector. Athene Life Re sources, analyzes and negotiates the acquisition of fixed annuity policies from primary insurance companies. As of June 30, 2010, Athene Asset Management had approximately $1.2 billion of AUM, $0.3 billion of which was included in our real estate segment.
As of June 30, 2010, our capital markets funds included seven distressed and hedge funds with total AUM of $2.7 billion, three mezzanine funds with total AUM of $4.2 billion, four credit opportunity funds with total AUM of $9.1 billion, and a European non-performing loan fund with total AUM of $1.6 billion. Our capital markets segment also includes strategic investment accounts and Athene Asset Management.
Distressed and Hedge Funds
We currently manage seven distressed and hedge funds with total AUM of $2.7 billion as of June 30, 2010 that primarily invest in North America, Europe and Asia. Our distressed and hedge funds utilize similar valued-oriented investment philosophies as our private equity business and are focused on capitalizing on our substantial industry and credit knowledge.
Our distressed funds employ similar investment strategies, seeking to identify and capitalize on absolute-value driven investment opportunities. Utilizing flexible investment strategies, these funds primarily focus on investments in distressed companies before, during and after a restructuring, as well as undervalued securities. Investments are executed primarily through the purchase or sale of senior secured bank debt, second lien debt, high yield debt, trade claims, credit derivatives, preferred stock and equity.
We have been expanding our international presence and have launched new initiatives to capitalize on capital markets-oriented investment opportunities in Europe and Asia. Our Asian credit-oriented hedge fund is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns throughout economic cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities in the Asian markets, excluding Japan, and targeting event-driven volatility across capital structures, as well as opportunities to develop proprietary platforms.
Mezzanine Funds
As of June 30, 2010, we managed U.S. and European-based mezzanine funds and related investment vehicles with total AUM of $4.2 billion as of June 30, 2010. AIC, a U.S.-based permanent capital vehicle, is a publicly traded, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, or the Investment Company Act, and to be treated for tax purposes as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Internal Revenue Code. AIC raised over $900 million of permanent investment capital through its initial public offering on the NASDAQ in April 2004. Since that time, AIC has successfully completed several secondary offerings and raised approximately $1.9 billion of incremental permanent investment capital. AICs primary focus is to generate both current income and capital appreciation primarily through investments in U.S. senior and subordinated loans, other debt securities and private equity. Our European mezzanine funds, which are unregistered private closed-end investment funds, were established to more fully capitalize upon mezzanine and subordinated debt opportunities with a primary focus in Western Europe.
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Senior Credit Funds
We manage senior credit funds, which currently comprise four credit opportunity funds, with total AUM of $9.1 billion as of June 30, 2010. We established our credit opportunity funds, which are primarily oriented towards the acquisition of leveraged loans and other performing senior debt, in late 2007 and 2008 with some of our largest investors in order to capitalize upon the supply-demand imbalances in the leveraged finance market. We have been actively investing these funds since they were formed and, together with our private equity funds, as of June 30, 2010, we have deployed approximately $24.5 billion, including leverage, in credit opportunity investments. We believe our credit opportunity funds benefit from the broad range of investment opportunities that arise as a result of our deep industry and credit expertise. As the opportunity set continues to evolve, we expect we will continue to offer the credit opportunity fund series to capitalize primarily upon senior credit opportunities in the market.
Non-Performing Loan Fund
In May 2007, we launched a European non-performing loan fund. Non-performing loans, or NPLs, are loans held by financial institutions that are in default of principal or interest payments for 90 days or more. We anticipate substantial growth in the European NPL market as financial institutions face increasing pressure to improve their balance sheets and make new loans. In December 2009, the fund closed with 1.3 billion ($1.6 billion using an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010) in total commitments. As of June 30, 2010, the fund has portfolio investments in the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal.
In addition to the funds described above, we manage other investment vehicles, including AAA and Palmetto, which have been established to invest either directly in or alongside certain of our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage.
AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA)
AAA issued approximately $1.9 billion of equity capital in its initial offering in June 2006 to invest alongside certain of our private equity funds and directly in certain of our capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. The common units of AAA, which represent limited partner interests, are listed on Euronext Amsterdam. On June 1, 2007, AAAs investment vehicle, AAA Investments, entered into a credit facility that originally provided for a $900 million revolving line of credit, thus increasing the amount of cash that AAA Investments has available for making investments and funding its liquidity and working capital needs. AAA may incur additional indebtedness from time to time, subject to availability in the credit markets, among other things. In connection with AAAs ongoing liquidity management and deleveraging strategy, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. In October 2009, AAA Investments repaid $225.0 million to the lenders in return for the right for AAA Investments or one of its affiliates to purchase its debt in the future at a discount to par value, subject to certain conditions. In December 2009, February 2010 and June 2010, AAA purchased $25.0 million, $37.5 million and $75.0 million, respectively, of its own debt for a purchase price of 85% of par value. As a result of these purchases, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. On August 11, 2010, AAA purchased 6,777,308 of its common units and restricted depositary units, or RDUs, from holders participating in a tender offer announced on July 12, 2010, for an aggregate of $47.4 million.
Since its formation, AAA has allowed us to quickly target certain investment opportunities by capitalizing new investment vehicles formed by Apollo in advance of a lengthier third-party fundraising process. AAA Investments was the initial investor in one of our mezzanine funds, two of our distressed and hedge funds, and
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our non-performing loan fund. AAA Investments current portfolio also includes private equity co-investments in Fund VI and Fund VII portfolio companies, certain opportunistic investments and temporary cash investments. AAA may also invest in additional funds and other opportunistic investments identified by Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., the investment manager of AAA. As of June 30, 2010, AAA Investments had total investments of approximately $1.6 billion.
Due to market volatility and the tightening of the credit markets, particularly during the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009, AAA Investments took certain steps in an effort to ensure that it continues to maintain appropriate cash reserves. As part of this process, beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008 and continuing into the third quarter of 2009, AAA Investments exercised the right to opt-out of new co-investments alongside Fund VI and Fund VII, as permitted by its co-investment agreements. AAA Investments opt-out decisions are made on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration reserves and liquidity at the time of the potential co-investment transaction. Beginning in the third quarter of 2009, AAA Investments resumed making co-investments alongside the private equity funds. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreements with Fund VI and Fund VII were amended. The co-investment agreement with Fund VI was amended to provide that no new co-investments will be made, and only follow-on investments that are expected to protect AAA Investments interests in its existing portfolio companies will be made going forward. The co-investment agreement with Fund VII was amended to provide that where a follow-on investment is made with Fund VII for reasons other than to protect AAA Investments interest in an existing portfolio company, it will be made at the co-investment percentage that has been set by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner for the relevant year (or, if lower, at the percentage necessary to ensure that AAA Investments and Fund VII continue to hold the relevant portfolio company in the same proportions as it is then owned by each of them). The board of directors of AAAs managing general partner continues to set the Fund VII co-investment percentage for new co-investments at the beginning of each calendar year.
Strategic Investment Accounts
Institutional investors are expressing increasing levels of interest in SIAs since these accounts can provide investors with greater levels of transparency, liquidity and control over their investments as compared to more traditional investment funds. Based on the trends we are currently witnessing among a select group of large institutional investors, we expect our AUM that is managed through SIAs to continue to grow over time. As of June 30, 2010, over $7.0 billion of our total AUM and $4.7 billion of our fee-generating AUM was managed through SIAs.
One example of an SIA managed by Apollo is Palmetto, which we manage on behalf of a single investor. As of June 30, 2010, the capital commitments to Palmetto were $759.0 million, which included a capital commitment of $750.0 million from one institutional investor that is a large state pension fund and $9.0 million of current commitments from Apollo. Palmetto was established to facilitate investments by such third-party investor directly in our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. As of June 30, 2010, Palmetto had committed approximately $399.7 million for investments primarily in our European non-performing loan fund, our private equity funds and SVF.
We have assembled a dedicated team to pursue real estate investment opportunities, which we refer to as Apollo Global Real Estate, or AGRE, and which we believe benefits from Apollos long-standing history of investing in real estate-related sectors such as hotels and lodging, leisure and logistics. AGRE, which includes ten investment professionals as of June 30, 2010, is led by Joseph Azrack, who joined Apollo in 2008 with 30 years of real estate investment management experience, serving most recently as President and CEO of Citi Property Investors.
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We believe our dedicated real estate platform benefits from, and contributes to, Apollos integrated platform, and further expands Apollos deep real estate industry knowledge and relationships. As of June 30, 2010, our real estate business had total and fee-generating AUM of $2.1 billion and $0.4 billion, respectively.
In addition to the funds described below, we may seek to serve as the manager of, or sponsor, a series of real estate funds that focus on other opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions, including corporate real estate, distress for control situations and the acquisition and recapitalization of real estate portfolios, platforms and operating companies, including non-performing and deeply discounted loans.
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The transaction is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2010.
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.
In 2009, we launched Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (NYSE: ARI), or ARI, a commercial real estate finance company managed by Apollo that has been formed primarily to originate, invest in, acquire, and manage senior performing commercial real estate mortgage loans, commercial mortgage backed securities, or CMBS, commercial real estate corporate debt and loans and other real estate-related investments in the United States. On September 29, 2009, ARI completed the initial public offering of 10 million shares of its common stock, at a price to the public of $20.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $200 million, and a concurrent private placement of 500,000 shares of its common stock to Apollo and certain of its affiliates at a price per share equal to the initial public offering price. The proceeds to ARI from the initial public offering and the concurrent private placement, net of related issuance costs, were approximately $208 million. As of June 30, 2010, ARI had total AUM of $539 million.
During September 2010, ARI completed an offering of 6.9 million shares, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $110.4 million. The proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of debt and continued investment in target assets, with a focus on performing commercial first mortgage loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities, mezzanine financings and other real estate-related debt investments.
AGRE CMBS Fund L.P.
In December 2009, we launched AGRE CMBS Fund L.P., or AGRE CMBS Account, a real estate strategic investment account formed to invest principally in CMBS and leverage those investments by borrowing from the Federal Reserve Bank of New Yorks Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility, or TALF. As of June 30, 2010, the AGRE CMBS Account had total AUM of $1.6 billion.
Over our 20-year history, we have grown to be one of the largest alternative asset managers in the world, which we attribute to the following competitive strengths:
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Our Investment Process and Approach to Investing Have Delivered a Strong Track Record . Our track record of generating attractive long-term risk-adjusted private equity fund returns is a key differentiating factor for our fund investors and, we believe, will allow us to continue to expand our AUM and capitalize |
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new investment vehicles. See The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current or future funds or from us. Some of the elements that have enabled us to generate these attractive returns include: |
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Our flexibility to invest throughout market cycles and across the capital structureWe have consistently invested capital on behalf of our investors throughout economic cycles by focusing on opportunities that we believe are often overlooked by other investors. We believe that our expertise in capital markets, focus on core industry sectors and investment experience allows us to respond quickly to changing environments. Our private equity funds have had success investing in buyouts and credit opportunities during both expansionary and recessionary economic periods. |
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Our deep industry expertise and focus on complex transactions We have substantial expertise in nine core industry sectors and our funds have invested in over 300 companies since inception. Our core industry sectors are chemicals; commodities; consumer and retail; distribution and transportation; financial and business services; manufacturing and industrial; media and leisure; packaging and materials; and satellite and wireless. We believe that situational and structural complexity often hides compelling value that competitors may lack the inclination or ability to uncover, and that our industry expertise and comfort with complexity help drive our performance. |
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Our investment expertise creates proprietary investment opportunitiesWe believe our industry expertise allows us to create strategic platforms and approach new investments as a strategic buyer with synergies, cross-selling opportunities and economies of scale advantages over other purely financial sponsors. Fund VI and Fund VII have been the sole financial sponsor in 13 of their last 15 traditional private equity portfolio company buyouts. |
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Our collaboration with portfolio company management teamsWe possess two decades of experience working with management teams to help create significant long-term value for the portfolio companies of our funds. We believe we add value to our funds investments by working closely with the portfolio company management teams in a number of ways, such as generating cost and working capital savings and optimizing capital structures. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt. In addition, from the date of acquisition through June 30, 2010, Fund VI portfolio companies have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability. |
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Our Integrated Business Model . Generally, we operate our global franchise as an integrated investment platform with a free flow of information across our businesses. Each of our businesses contributes to and draws from our investment experience and deep industry expertise, thereby providing investment opportunities and intellectual capital to the other businesses, which we believe enables our funds to successfully invest across a companys capital structure. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesPossession of material, non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers. |
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Our Strong, Longstanding Investor Relationships. We manage capital for hundreds of investors in our private equity funds, which include many of the worlds most prominent pension funds, university endowments, financial institutions and individuals. Most of our private equity investors are invested in multiple Apollo private equity funds, and many have invested in one or more of our capital markets funds, including as seed investors in new strategies. We believe that our deep investor relationships have facilitated the growth of our existing businesses and will assist us with the launch of new businesses and investment offerings, thereby increasing our fee-generating AUM. |
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Long-Term Capital Base. A significant portion of our $54.5 billion of AUM as of June 30, 2010 was long-term in nature. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, including 12% that was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which we believe is an important component in generating attractive returns for our investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. |
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The Continuity of Our Strong Management Team and Reputation. Our managing partners actively participate in the oversight of the investment activities of our funds, have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 140 investment professionals as of June 30, 2010 who possess a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. We have developed a strong reputation in the market as an investor and partner who can make significant contributions to a business or investing decision, and we believe the longevity of our management team is a key competitive advantage. |
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Alignment of Interests with Investors in Our Funds and Shareholders. Fundamental to our business model is the alignment of interests of our professionals with those of the investors in our funds, and with those of our shareholders. From our inception through June 30, 2010, our professionals have committed or invested an estimated $1.0 billion of their own capital to our funds. In addition, our practice is to allocate a portion of the management fees and incentive income payable by our funds to our professionals, which we believe serves to incentivize those employees to generate superior risk-adjusted investment returns. Also, the majority of our employees own restricted share units, or RSUs, which vest over time, and our managing partners and contributing partners will own % of the company immediately after the offering. We expect to continue to increase the equity ownership held by our employees over time through additional grants of RSUs in lieu of cash compensation. We believe that the alignment of interests with our shareholders and fund investors helps us to raise new funds, continue to execute our growth strategy and deliver earnings to our shareholders. |
Our growth and investment returns have been supported by an institutionalized and strategic organizational structure designed to promote teamwork, industry specialization, longevity of capital, compliance and regulatory excellence and internal systems and processes. Our ability to grow our AUM and revenues depends on our performance and on our ability to attract new capital and fund investors, which we have done successfully over the last 20 years.
The following are key elements of our growth strategy:
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continuing to achieve long-term returns in our funds; |
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continuing our commitment to our fund investors; |
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raising additional investment capital for our current businesses; |
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expanding into new investment strategies, markets and businesses; and |
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capitalize upon the benefits of being a public company, including the pursuit of complementary and strategic acquisitions. |
We cannot assure you that our funds or our current businesses will be successful in raising the capital described above or that any capital they do raise will be on terms favorable to us or consistent with terms of capital that they have previously raised. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be
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successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds and Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessChanges in the debt financing markets have negatively impacted the ability of our funds and their portfolio companies to obtain attractive financing for their investments and have increased the cost of such financing if it is obtained, which could lead to lower-yielding investments and potentially decreasing our net income for a more detailed discussion of the risks.
Our revenues and other income consist principally of (i) management fees, which are based upon a percentage of the committed or invested capital (in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds), adjusted assets (in the case of AAA), gross invested capital or fund net asset value (in the case of the rest of our capital markets funds) and stockholders equity (in the case of ARI), (ii) transaction and advisory fees received from private equity and certain capital markets portfolio companies in respect of business and transaction consulting services that we provide, as well as advisory services provided to a capital markets fund, (iii) income based on the performance of our funds, which consists of allocations, distributions or fees from our private equity funds, AAA and our capital markets funds, and (iv) investment income from our investments as general partner and other direct investments primarily in the form of net gains from investment activities as well as interest and dividend income. Carried interest from our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds entitles us to an allocation of a portion of the income and gains from that fund and is as much as 20% of the net realized income and gains that are achieved by the funds net of fund expenses, generally subject to an annual preferred return for the limited partners of 8% with a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. The general partner of each of the funds accrues for its portion of carried interest at each balance sheet date for any changes in value of the funds underlying investments. For example, if one of our private equity funds were to exceed the preferred return threshold and generate $100 million of profits net of allocable fees and expenses from a given investment, our carried interest would entitle us to receive as much as $20 million of these net profits less appropriate compensation expense for our investment professionals.
Carried interest from most of our capital markets funds is as much as 20% of either the funds income and gain or the yearly appreciation of the funds net asset value. For such capital markets funds, we accrue carried interest on both realized and unrealized gains, subject to any applicable hurdles and high-water marks. Certain of our capital markets funds are subject to a preferred return. Our ability to generate carried interest is an important element of our business and has historically accounted for a very significant portion of our income. For the six months ended June 30, 2010, management fees, transaction and advisory fees, and carried interest income represented 69.3%, 12.5% and 18.2%, respectively, of our $303 million of revenues. See our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
In considering the performance information contained in this prospectus, prospective Class A shareholders should bear in mind that such performance information is not indicative of the possible performance of our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007.
Management further evaluates our segments based on our management and incentive business within each segment. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction revenues, carried interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds, and expenses exclusive of profit sharing, which we believe are more stable in nature. The financial performance of our incentive business, which is dependent upon quarterly mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with accounting principles
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generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP, guidance applicable to fair value measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expense in connection with our investment funds, and is generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
For more information regarding the financial performance of our segments, refer to Summary Historical and Other Data, which includes our statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, Economic Net Income, or ENI, for our reportable segments and the management business and incentive business, as well as further reconciliation of ENI to Adjusted ENI to identify non-recurring or unusual items for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
The Private Offering Transactions and the Strategic Investors Transaction
On August 8, 2007, in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Securities Act, we sold 27,000,000 Class A shares, at an initial offering price of $24 per share, to (i) Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Credit Suisse (USA) LLC, which we refer to as the initial purchasers, for their resale to qualified institutional buyers that are also qualified purchasers in reliance upon Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and (ii) accredited investors, with the initial purchasers acting as placement agents, in a private placement, as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act. The initial purchasers exercised their over-allotment option and on September 5, 2007, we sold an additional 2,824,540 Class A shares to the initial purchasers at the price of $24 per share. We refer to this exempt sale of Class A shares to the initial purchasers and to accredited investors as the Rule 144A Offering. We entered into a registration rights agreement with the initial purchasers in the Rule 144A Offering, pursuant to which we undertook to register under the Securities Act the Class A shares sold in the Rule 144A Offering. All of the Class A shares being offered by the selling shareholders in this offering were issued in the Rule 144A Offering.
In connection with the Rule 144A Offering, on July 16, 2007, we entered into a purchase agreement with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, one of the Rule 144A Offering initial purchasers, pursuant to which Credit Suisse Management LLC, or the CS Investor, purchased from us in a private placement that closed concurrently with the Rule 144A Offering an aggregate of $180 million of the Class A shares at a price per share of $24, or 7,500,000 Class A shares. Pursuant to a shareholders agreement we entered into with the CS Investor, the CS Investor agreed not to sell its Class A shares for a period of one year from August 8, 2007, the closing date of the Rule 144A Offering. We entered into a registration rights agreement with the CS Investor in connection with the private placement transaction pursuant to which we undertook to register under the Securities Act the Class A shares sold therein. We refer to our sale of Class A shares to the CS Investor as the Private Placement and to the Private Placement and the Rule 144A Offering collectively as the Private Offering Transactions.
On July 13, 2007, we sold securities to the California Public Employees Retirement System, or CalPERS, and an affiliate of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, or ADIA, in return for a total investment of $1.2 billion. We refer to CalPERS and ADIA as the Strategic Investors. Upon completion of the Private Offering Transactions, the securities that we sold to the Strategic Investors converted into non-voting Class A shares. We refer to the foregoing issuance of securities, our use of proceeds from that sale and the conversion of such securities into non-voting Class A shares as the Strategic Investors Transaction. Pursuant to a lenders rights agreement we have entered into with the Strategic Investors, the Strategic Investors have agreed not to sell any of their Class A shares for a period of two years after the date on which the shelf registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part becomes effective, or the shelf effectiveness date, subject to limited exceptions. Thereafter, the amount of Class A shares they may sell is subject to a limit that increases with each year. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementTransfer Restrictions. The Strategic Investors are two of the largest alternative asset investors in the world and have been
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significant investors with us in multiple funds covering a variety of strategies. In total, from our inception through the date hereof, the Strategic Investors have invested or committed to invest approximately $7.6 billion of capital in us and our funds. The Strategic Investors have been significant supporters of our integrated platform, with one or both having invested in multiple private equity and capital markets funds. The Strategic Investors have no obligation to invest further in our funds, and any future investments by the Strategic Investors in our funds or other alternative investment categories will likely depend on the performance of our funds, the performance of each Strategic Investors overall investment portfolio and other investment opportunities available to them.
On April 20, 2010, we announced that we have entered into a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS. The new strategic relationship agreement provides that we will reduce management and other fees charged to CalPERS on credit-related funds that we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit. The agreement further provides that we will not use a placement agent in connection with securing any future capital commitments from CalPERS.
Structure and Formation of the Company
Apollo Global Management, LLC is a holding company whose primary assets are 100% of the general partner interests in each limited partnership included in the Apollo Operating Group, which is described below under Holding Company Structure. Immediately after the offering, % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be held by Apollo Global Management, LLC through intermediate holding companies, and the remaining % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be owned directly by Holdings, an entity 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by our managing partners and contributing partners. The limited partner interests that the company and Holdings own in the Apollo Operating Group entities represent the companys and Holdings economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. With limited exceptions, the Apollo Operating Group owns each of the operating entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements as described below under Our Assets.
Apollo Global Management, LLC is owned by its Class A and Class B shareholders. Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share vote as a single class on all matters presented to the shareholders, although the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights in respect of any of their Class A shares. We have issued to BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., or BRH, a single Class B share solely for purposes of granting voting power to BRH. BRH is the general partner of Holdings and is a Cayman Islands exempted company owned and controlled by our managing partners. The Class B share does not represent an economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. The voting power of the Class B share, however, increases or decreases with corresponding changes in Holdings economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group.
Our shareholders vote together as a single class on the limited set of matters on which shareholders have a vote. Such matters include a proposed sale of all or substantially all of our assets, certain mergers and consolidations, certain amendments to our operating agreement and an election by our manager to dissolve the company.
We intend to continue to employ our current management structure with strong central control by our managing partners and to maintain our focus on achieving successful growth over the long term. This desire to preserve our existing management structure is one of the principal reasons why upon listing of our Class A shares on the New York Stock Exchange, if achieved, we have decided to avail ourselves of the controlled company exception from certain of the NYSE governance rules. This exception eliminates the requirements that we have a majority of independent directors on our board of directors and that we have a compensation committee and a
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nominating and corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. It is also the reason that the managing partners chose to have a manager that manages all of our operations and activities, with only limited powers retained by the board of directors, as long as the Apollo control condition, which is discussed below under Our Manager, is satisfied.
We refer to the formation of the Apollo Operating Group described below under Holding Company Structure, Our Manager, Our Assets and Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners, the deconsolidation of most Apollo funds described below under Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds and the borrowing under the AMH credit facility and the related distribution to our managing partners described below under Distribution to Our Managing Partners Prior to the Private Offering Transactions, collectively, as the Reorganization.
Prior to the Reorganization, our business was conducted through a number of entities as to which there was no single holding entity but that were separately owned by our managing partners. In order to facilitate the Rule 144A Offering, which closed in August 2007, we effected the Reorganization to form a new holding company structure. Additional entities were formed during 2008 to create our current holding company structure.
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The diagram below depicts our current organizational structure (see Our Structure for a more detailed diagram). (1)
(1) | Immediately after the offering, investors in the Rule 144A Offering and investors in the offering (together, the Public Investors) will hold % of the Class A shares, the CS Investor will hold % of the Class A shares, and the Strategic Investors will hold % of the Class A shares. Immediately after the offering, the Class A shares held by Public Investors will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Immediately after the offering, Class A shares held by the CS Investor will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights and immediately after the offering, will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Such Class A shares will become entitled to vote upon transfers by a Strategic Investor in accordance with the agreements entered into in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
(2) | Our managing partners own BRH, which in turn holds our only outstanding Class B share. Immediately after the offering, the Class B share will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote but no economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. Our managing partners economic interests are instead represented by their indirect ownership, through Holdings, of % of the limited partner interests in the Apollo Operating Group immediately after the offering. |
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(3) | Through BRH Holdings, L.P., our managing partners own limited partner interests in Holdings. |
(4) | Immediately after the offering, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. The Apollo Operating Group units held by Holdings are exchangeable for Class A shares, as described below under Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners. Our managing partners, through their interests in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering. Our contributing partners, through their ownership interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering. |
(5) | BRH is the sole member of AGM Management, LLC, our manager. The management of Apollo Global Management, LLC is vested in our manager as provided in our operating agreement. See Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a description of the authority that our manager exercises. |
(6) | Immediately after the offering, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity, held through intermediate holding companies. Apollo Global Management, LLC also indirectly owns 100% of the general partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. |
Holding Company Structure
Apollo Global Management, LLC, through three intermediate holding companies (APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC), will own % of the economic interests of, and operates and controls all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries immediately after the offering. Holdings will own the remaining % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group immediately after the offering. Apollo Global Management, LLC consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated financial statements.
The Apollo Operating Group consists of the following partnerships: Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes). Apollo Global Management, LLC conducts all of its material business activities through the Apollo Operating Group.
Each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships holds interests in different businesses or entities organized in different jurisdictions. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds as well as the domestic general partner of one of our real estate funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. generally hold our foreign general partners of private equity funds, including the foreign general partner of AAA Investments, our private equity foreign co-invest vehicles, one of our capital markets foreign co-invest vehicles, and one of our capital markets domestic co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. holds our foreign general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. holds two capital markets foreign co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. holds the domestic general partners of certain of our capital markets funds; and AMH holds the management companies for our private equity funds (including AAA), our capital markets funds and our real estate funds.
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Our structure is designed to accomplish a number of objectives, the most important of which are as follows:
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We are a holding company that is qualified as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Our intermediate holding companies enable us to maintain our partnership status and to meet the qualifying income exception. See also Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of the CompanyTaxation of Apollo for a discussion of the qualifying income exception. |
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We have historically used multiple management companies to segregate operations for business, financial and other reasons. Going forward, we may increase or decrease the number of our management companies or partnerships within the Apollo Operating Group, based on our views regarding the appropriate balance between (a) administrative convenience and (b) continued business, financial, tax and other optimization. |
Our Manager
Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo Group (as defined below) beneficially owns at least 10% of the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares, our manager, which is 100% owned by BRH, will conduct, direct and manage all activities of Apollo Global Management, LLC. We refer to the Apollo Groups beneficial ownership of at least 10% of such voting power as the Apollo control condition. So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it. See Description of Shares.
For purposes of our operating agreement, the Apollo Group means (i) our manager and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (ii) Holdings and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (iii) with respect to each managing partner, such managing partner and such managing partners group (as defined in Section 13(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the Exchange Act), (iv) any former or current investment professional of or other employee of an Apollo employer (as defined below) or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group), (v) any former or current executive officer of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and (vi) any former or current director of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group). With respect to any person, Apollo employer means Apollo Global Management, LLC or such other entity controlled by Apollo Global Management, LLC or its successor as may be such persons employer.
Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share have no right to elect our manager, which is controlled by our managing partners through BRH. Although our manager has no business activities other than the management of our businesses, conflicts of interest may arise in the future between us and our Class A shareholders, on the one hand, and our managing partners, on the other. The resolution of these conflicts may not always be in our best interests or those of our Class A shareholders. We describe the potential conflicts of interest in greater detail under Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructurePotential conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders on the other hand. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders. We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. Our operating agreement does not limit the amount of expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates.
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Our Assets
Prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our managing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group their interests in each of the entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements, but excluding the excluded assets described under Our StructureReorganizationExcluded Assets. As discussed further below, the managing partners received partnership interests in Holdings (representing an indirect ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units) in respect of the interests they contributed to the Apollo Operating Group.
Certain assets were not contributed to the Apollo Global Management, LLC structure as these assets were either at the end of their life ( e.g. , general partners of Funds I, II and III) or these assets were owned by the managing partners and the contributing partners. The managing partners chose which assets were to be included in the Apollo Global Management, LLC structure. Except for the general partners of Funds I, II and III, none of the excluded assets were included in the combined financial statements of the Apollo Operating Group prior to the Reorganization. As a result of the Reorganization, the general partner interests were treated as distributions to the managing partners and other Reorganization adjustments in the Statements of Changes in Shareholders Equity and Partners Capital. See our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The following is a condensed list of excluded assets from the Reorganization (for a more detailed description, see Our StructureReorganizationExcluded Assets);
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our managing partners personal investments or co-investments in our funds (subject to certain limitations); |
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amounts owed to any managing partners pursuant to any Apollo deferral or waiver programs or carried interest earned but held in escrow; |
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our managing partners interests in Apollo Real Estate, Ares and the general partners of Funds I, II and III; |
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compensation and benefits paid or given to the managing partners consistent with the terms of their employment agreements (as described below under ManagementExecutive CompensationEmployment Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreements with Managing Partners); |
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director options issued prior to January 1, 2007 by any of our funds portfolio companies; |
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an entity partially owned by our managing partners (without any economics) that has 100% voting control over the investment of Fund VI in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc.; and |
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other miscellaneous, non-core assets. |
In addition, prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our contributing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group a portion of their rights to receive a portion of the management fees and incentive income that are earned from management of our funds, or points. We refer to such contributed points as partner- contributed interests. In return for a contribution of points, each contributing partner received an interest in Holdings (representing an indirect, unit-for-unit ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units).
Prior to the exchange, the points held by each managing partner and contributing partner were designated values based upon the estimated 2007 cash flows of each entity that was contributed to the Apollo Operating Group and from which such partner was to receive management fees and incentive income. The 2007 estimated cash flow of the entities contributed was agreed between the managing partners and the contributing partners to be the best proxy for measuring the total value of the interests that were contributed by each partner to the Apollo
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Operating Group. As such, the partnership interests in Holdings that were granted to each managing partner and contributing partner correspond to the aggregate value of the points such partner contributed. Specifically, for purposes of determining the number of Apollo Operating Group units each managing partner and contributing partner was to receive, the aggregate value of the points contributed by a given partner was divided by the aggregate value of all points contributed by all of the managing partners and contributing partners to determine a percentage of the ownership such partner had in the Apollo Operating Group prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and the Strategic Investors Transaction (for each managing partner and contributing partner, his or her AOG Ownership Percentage). In order to achieve the offering size targeted in the Private Offering Transactions within the proposed offering price range per Class A share, the managing partners also determined the aggregate amount of units that the Apollo Operating Group should issue and have outstanding immediately prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic Investors Transaction. This aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units was then allocated to each managing partner and contributing partner based upon their respective AOG Ownership Percentage. For example, if a partner contributed points constituting an AOG Ownership Percentage of 10% of the aggregate value of all points contributed to the Apollo Operating Group, such partner received 10% of the aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units issued and outstanding prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic Investors Transaction.
Each contributing partner continues to own directly those points that such contributing partner did not contribute to the Apollo Operating Group or sell to the Apollo Operating Group in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. Each contributing partner remained entitled (on an individual basis and not through ownership interests in Holdings) to receive payments in respect of his partner-contributed interests with respect to fiscal year 2007 based on the date his partner-contributed interests were contributed or sold as described below under Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization. The Strategic Investors similarly received a pro rata portion of our net income prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions for our fiscal year 2007, calculated in the same manner as for the managing partners and contributing partners, as described in more detail under Our StructureStrategic Investors Transaction. In addition, we issued points in Fund VII, and intend to issue points in future funds, to our contributing partners and other of our professionals.
As a result of these contributions and the contributions of our managing partners, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries generally are entitled to:
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all management fees payable in respect of all our current and future funds as well as transaction and other fees that may be payable by these funds portfolio companies (other than fees that certain of our professionals have a right to receive, as described below); |
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50% 66% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments by our current private equity and capital markets funds (with the remainder of such incentive income continuing to be held by certain of our professionals); |
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all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments made by our future private equity and capital markets funds, other than the percentage we determine to allocate to our professionals, as described below; and |
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all returns on current or future investments of our own capital in the funds we sponsor and manage. |
With respect to our existing funds that are currently investing, as well as any future funds that we may sponsor, we intend to continue to allocate a portion of the management fees, transaction and advisory fees and incentive income earned in relation to these funds to our professionals, including the contributing partners, in order to better align their interests with our own and with those of the investors in these funds. Our current estimate is that approximately 30% to 50% of carried interest income earned in relation to our funds will be
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allocated to our investment professionals, although these percentages may fluctuate up or down over time. When apportioning carried interest income to our professionals, we typically cause our general partners in the underlying funds to issue these professionals limited partner interests, thereby causing our percentage ownership of the limited partner interests in these general partners to fluctuate. Our managing partners will not directly receive any allocations of carried interest income, and all of their rights to receive carried interest income earned in relation to our actively investing funds and future funds will be solely through their ownership of Apollo Operating Group units until July 13, 2012.
In addition, we expect to continue to pay approximately 35% to 50% of management fees and transaction and advisory fees to our employees for salary, bonus and benefit costs, excluding equity-based compensation. These percentages may fluctuate over time based on our actual performance each year.
The income of the Apollo Operating Group (including management fees, transaction and advisory fees and carried interest income) benefits Apollo Global Management, LLC to the extent of its equity interest in the Apollo Operating Group. See BusinessFees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination.
Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
In exchange for the contribution of assets described above and after giving effect to the Strategic Investor Transactions, Holdings (which is owned by BRH and the contributing partners) received 80.0% of the limited partnership units in the Apollo Operating Group. We use the terms Apollo Operating Group unit or unit in/of Apollo Operating Group to refer to a limited partnership unit in each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships. We refer to the managing partners and contributing partners contribution of assets to the Apollo Operating Group and Holdings receipt of Apollo Operating Group units in exchange therefor as the Apollo Operating Group Formation.
Our managing partners, through their interests in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units and, through their ownership of BRH, the Class B share that we have issued to BRH, in each case immediately after the offering. Our managing partners have entered into an agreement, which we refer to as the Agreement Among Managing Partners, providing that each managing partners interest in the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds indirectly through his interest in BRH and Holdings is subject to vesting. Each of Messrs. Harris and Rowan vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 60 equal monthly installments, and Mr. Black vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments. Although the Agreement Among Managing Partners was entered into on July 13, 2007, for purposes of its vesting provisions, our managing partners are credited for their employment with us since January 1, 2007. In the event that a managing partner terminates his employment with us for any reason, he will be required to forfeit the unvested portion of his Apollo Operating Group units to the other managing partners. The number of Apollo Operating Group units that must be forfeited upon termination depends on the cause of the termination. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners. However, this agreement may be amended and the terms and conditions of the agreement may be changed or modified upon the unanimous approval of the managing partners. We, our shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors, as set forth under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision of this agreement or to prevent the managing partners from amending the agreement or waiving any of its obligations.
Pursuant to a shareholders agreement that we entered into with our managing partners prior to the Private Offering Transactions, which we refer to as the Managing Partners Shareholders Agreement, no managing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of the interests in Apollo Operating Group units that such managing partner owns through BRH and Holdings or Class A shares into which such Apollo Operating Group units are
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exchanged, or his Equity Interests, for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date, subject to certain exceptions, including an exception for certain transactions entered into by one or more managing partners the results of which are that the managing partners no longer exercise control over us or the Apollo Operating Group or no longer hold at least 50.1% of the economic interests in us or the Apollo Operating Group. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our managing partners and the exceptions to such transfer restrictions are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders AgreementTransfer Restrictions. Our managing partners and contributing partners also were granted demand, piggyback and shelf registration rights through Holdings which are exercisable six months after the shelf effectiveness date.
Our contributing partners, through their interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering. Pursuant to the agreements by which our contributing partners contributed their partner-contributed interests to the Apollo Operating Group and received interests in Holdings, which we refer to as the Roll-Up Agreements, no contributing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of his Equity Interests for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our contributing partners are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsRoll-Up Agreements.
Subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements described above), upon 60 days written notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner will have the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept) and to distribute the net proceeds of such sale to such managing partner or contributing partner. We have reserved for issuance 240,000,000 Class A shares, corresponding to the number of existing Apollo Operating Group units held indirectly through Holdings by our managing partners and contributing partners. Upon receipt of the notice described above, APO Corp., one of our intermediate holding companies, will purchase from us the number of Class A shares that are exchangeable for the Apollo Operating Group units to be surrendered by the managing partner or contributing partner. To effect the exchange, a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, must then simultaneously exchange one Apollo Operating Group unit, being an equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity, for each Class A share received from our intermediate holding companies. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly decreased. If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. We considered whether this redemption feature results in accounting implications under U.S. GAAP which requires securities with redemption features that are not solely within the control of the issuer to be classified outside of permanent equity. The extent of our obligation is to (i) exchange physical Class A shares for Apollo Operating Group units and (ii) sell the shares at the prevailing market price on behalf of the holder. We never have any future cash obligations to the unit holders. Specifically, in the event we are unable to sell the Class A shares, we are not required to provide liquidity to the holders of Apollo Operating Group units in any manner. Rather, in the event that we were unable to sell the Class A shares, the transaction would essentially be unwound and the Class A shares would be converted back to Apollo Operating Group units. Based on U.S. GAAP and the terms of this feature, we are deemed to control settlement by delivery of our own shares, and as noted above, we have reserved for issuance a sufficient number of shares to settle any contracts. As such, Non-Controlling Interest is reported in the consolidated and combined financial statements of the company within shareholders equity, separately from the total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders equity.
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Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
Certain of our private equity and capital markets funds have historically been consolidated into our financial statements, due to our controlling interest in certain funds notwithstanding that we have only a non-controlling equity interest in these funds. Consequently, our pre-Reorganization financial statements do not reflect our ownership interest at fair value in these funds, but rather reflect on a gross basis the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows of our funds. We amended the governing documents of most of our funds to provide that a simple majority of the funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund. These amendments, which became effective on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, deconsolidated these funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements. Accordingly, we no longer reflect the share that other parties own in total assets and Non-Controlling Interests in these respective funds. The deconsolidation of these funds will present our financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and the related risks. Accordingly, we believe that deconsolidating these funds will provide investors with a better understanding of our business.
We believe that under current law, Apollo Global Management, LLC is treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. An entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is not a taxable entity and incurs no U.S. Federal income tax liability. Instead, each partner is required to take into account its allocable share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of the partnership in computing its U.S. Federal income tax liability, regardless of whether cash distributions are then made. Investors in this offering will be deemed to be limited partners of Apollo Global Management, LLC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, an investor will generally be required to pay U.S. Federal income taxes with respect to the income and gain of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is allocated to such investor, even if Apollo Global Management, LLC does not make cash distributions. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations for a summary discussing certain U.S. Federal income tax considerations related to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A shares as of the date of this offering.
The U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects. On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed H.R. 4213, the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010. If enacted, this bill would preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules and could change the character of portions of our income from capital gain to ordinary income. Such legislation does provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects, Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructureMembers of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares and Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
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Other jurisdictions have also introduced legislation to increase taxes with respect to carried interest. For instance, on June 29, 2010, the New York State Legislature introduced legislation to expand New Yorks non-resident personal income to include carried interest. If passed, this legislation would be retroactive to January 1, 2010. It is unclear whether this legislation or other legislation will be enacted.
Distribution to Our Managing Partners Prior to the Private Offering Transactions
On April 20, 2007, AMH, one of the entities in the Apollo Operating Group, entered into a credit facility, or the AMH credit facility, under which AMH borrowed a $1.0 billion variable-rate term loan. We used these borrowings to make a $986.6 million distribution to our managing partners and to pay related fees and expenses. This distribution was a distribution of prior undistributed earnings, and an advance on possible future earnings, of AMH. As a result, this distribution caused the managing partners accumulated equity basis in AMH to become negative. As of the date hereof, the AMH credit facility is guaranteed by Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Capital Management, L.P.; Apollo International Management, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.; and AAA Holdings, L.P. and matures on April 20, 2014. It is secured by (i) a first priority lien on substantially all assets of AMH and the guarantors and (ii) a pledge of the equity interests of each of the guarantors, in each case subject to customary carveouts.
Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization
We made distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners that represented all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to July 13, 2007. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to July 13, 2007 or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to July 13, 2007 were treated as having been earned prior to that date. Undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were $238.4 million and $148.6 million, respectively, and were recorded in the consolidated and combined financial statements as a component of due to affiliates and profit sharing payable, respectively. There were no undistributed earnings that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest at the June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 balance sheet dates.
In addition, we have also entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay them 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. In our condensed consolidated financial statements, the item due to affiliates includes $499.0 million and $514.0 million that was payable to our managing partners and contributing partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement as of both June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
As part of the Reorganization, the managing partners and the contributing partners received the following:
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Apollo Operating Group units having a fair value per unit of $24 and $20 issued to the managing partners and contributing partners respectively on issuance date with a total approximate value of $5.6 billion (subject to five- or six-year vesting); |
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$1.2 billion in cash in July 2007, excluding any potential contingent consideration; |
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In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution related to a contingent consideration of $37.7 million. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, the general partner of AMH. Included in the distribution were AAA |
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RDUs valued at approximately $12.7 million and a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of deferred compensation units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.8 million; and |
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The fair value of carried interest related to the sale of portfolio companies where definitive sales contracts were executed but had not closed at July 13, 2007. We accrued an estimated payment of approximately $387.0 million at December 31, 2007, of which $200.2 million was distributed during the year ended December 31, 2008. The definitive sales contract in respect of which the remaining $186.8 million was accrued was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2008 and, as a result, no amounts were accrued at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. |
The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds
In this Prospectus Summary and elsewhere in this prospectus, we present information relating to the historical performance of our funds, including certain legacy Apollo funds that do not have a meaningful amount of unrealized investments and the general partners of which have not been contributed to Apollo Global Management, LLC.
When considering the data presented in this prospectus, you should note that the historical results of our funds are not indicative of the future results that you should expect from such funds, from any future funds we may raise or from your investment in our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The historical and potential future returns of the funds we manage are not directly linked to returns on our Class A shares. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of the funds we manage will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in our Class A shares. However, poor performance of the funds that we manage would cause a decline in our revenue from such funds, and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and in all likelihood the value in our Class A shares. There can be no assurance that any Apollo fund will continue to achieve the same results as historically achieved.
Moreover, the historical returns of our funds should not be considered indicative of the future results you should expect from such funds or from any future funds we may raise, in part because:
|
market conditions during previous periods were significantly more favorable for generating positive performance, particularly in our private equity business, than the market conditions we have experienced for the last two years and may continue to experience for the foreseeable future; |
|
our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that currently do not exist and may not repeat themselves, and there can be no assurance that our current or future funds will be able to avail themselves of profitable investment opportunities; |
|
our private equity funds rates of return, which are calculated on the basis of net asset value of the funds investments, reflect unrealized gains and unrealized losses, which gains and losses may never be realized; |
|
our funds returns have historically benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that may not repeat themselves, including the availability of debt capital on attractive terms, and we may not be able to achieve the same returns or profitable investment opportunities or deploy capital as quickly; |
|
the historical returns that we present in this prospectus derive largely from the performance of our earlier private equity funds, whereas future fund returns will depend increasingly on the performance of our newer funds, which may have little or no investment track record; |
26
|
Fund VI and Fund VII are several times larger than our previous private equity funds, and we may not be able to deploy this additional capital as profitably as our prior funds; |
|
the attractive returns of certain of our funds have been driven by the rapid return of invested capital, which has not occurred with respect to all of our funds and we believe is less likely to occur in the future; |
|
our track record with respect to our capital markets and real estate funds is relatively short as compared to our private equity funds; |
|
in recent years, there has been increased competition for private equity investment opportunities resulting from the increased amount of capital invested in private equity funds and periods of high liquidity in debt markets, which may result in lower returns for the funds; and |
|
our newly established funds may generate lower returns during the period that they take to deploy their capital. |
Finally, our private equity IRRs have historically varied greatly from fund to fund. For example, Fund IV has generated an 11% gross IRR and an 8% net IRR since inception through June 30, 2010, while Fund V has generated a 62% gross IRR and a 45% net IRR since inception through June 30, 2010. Accordingly, the IRR going forward for any current or future fund may vary considerably from the historical IRR generated by any particular fund, or for our private equity funds as a whole. Future returns will also be affected by the applicable risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including risks of the industries and businesses in which a particular fund invests. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesThe historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of our funds or of our future results or of any returns expected on an investment in our Class A shares.
On August 2, 2010, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on August 25, 2010 to our Class A shareholders of record as of August 13, 2010.
Effective July 1, 2010, Gene Donnelly was appointed Chief Financial Officer of the company.
An investment in our Class A shares involves a high degree of risk. Some of the more significant challenges and risks include those associated with our susceptibility to conditions in the global financial markets and global economic conditions, the volatility of our revenue, net income and cash flow, our dependence on our managing partners and other key investment professionals, our ability to retain and motivate our existing investment professionals and recruit, retain and motivate new investment professionals in the future and risks associated with adverse changes in tax law and other legislative or regulatory changes. See Risk Factors for a discussion of the factors you should consider before investing in our Class A shares.
Apollo Global Management, LLC was formed in Delaware on July 3, 2007. Our principal executive offices are located at 9 West 57th Street, New York, New York 10019, and our telephone number is (212) 515-3200. We maintain a website at www.agm.com . We do not incorporate the information on our website into this prospectus and you should not consider any information on, or that can be accessed through, our website as part of this prospectus.
27
Shares Offered by Apollo Global Management, LLC in the Offering |
Class A shares |
Shares Offered by the Selling Shareholders in the Offering |
Class A shares |
Option to purchase additional Class A shares from Apollo Global Management, LLC and the Selling Shareholders |
Class A shares from Apollo Global Management, LLC and Class A shares from the Selling Shareholders. |
Shares Outstanding After the Offering:
Class A Shares |
Class A shares |
Class B Shares |
1 Class B share |
Shares Held by Our Managing Partners Immediately After the Offering:
Class A Shares |
None |
Apollo Operating Group Units Held Immediately After the Offering:
By Us |
or % of the total Apollo Operating Group units |
Indirectly By Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners |
240,000,000 or % of the total Apollo Operating Group units |
Voting:
Class A Shares |
One vote per share (except that Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors and their affiliates do not have any voting rights). |
Class B Share |
240,000,000 votes immediately after the offering. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share will be proportionately reduced. |
Voting Rights |
Holders of our Class A shares (other than the Strategic Investors and their affiliates, who have no voting rights) and our Class B share vote together as a single class on all matters submitted to our shareholders for their vote or approval. So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, however, our manager manages all of our operations and |
28
activities and exercises substantial control over extraordinary matters and other structural changes. You will have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our businesses and will have no right to elect our manager, which is owned and controlled by our managing partners. Moreover, our managing partners, through their ownership of BRH, will hold % of the total combined voting power of our shares entitled to vote immediately after the offering, and thus are able to exercise control over all matters requiring shareholder approval. See Description of Shares. |
Use of Proceeds |
We estimate that the net proceeds from the offering of Class A shares by us, at an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts, will be approximately $ million. |
We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of Class A shares by the selling shareholders participating in the offering. The selling shareholders will receive all of the proceeds from the sale of their Class A shares in the offering.
We intend to use the net proceeds received by us in the offering for general corporate purposes and to fund growth initiatives.
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend will be at the sole discretion of our manager. We
29
cannot assure you that any dividends, whether quarterly or otherwise, will or can be paid. See Cash Dividend Policy for a discussion of the factors our manager is likely to consider in regard to our payment of cash dividends.
Because we are a holding company that owns intermediate holding companies, the funding of each dividend, if declared, will occur in three steps, as follows:
|
first, we will cause one or more entities in the Apollo Operating Group to make a distribution to all of its partners, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries APO Corp., APO (FC), LLC and APO Asset Co., LLC (as applicable), and Holdings, on a pro rata basis; |
|
second, we will cause our intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO (FC), LLC and APO Asset Co., LLC (as applicable), to distribute to us, from their net after-tax proceeds, amounts equal to the aggregate dividend we have declared; and |
|
third, we will distribute the proceeds received by us to our Class A shareholders on a pro rata basis. |
If Apollo Operating Group units are issued to other parties, such as employees, such parties would be entitled to a portion of the distributions from the Apollo Operating Group as partners described above.
In addition, the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships provide for cash distributions, which we refer to as tax distributions, to the partners of such partnerships if the general partners of such partnerships determine that the taxable income of the relevant partnership will give rise to taxable income for its partners. Generally, these tax distributions will be computed based on our estimate of the net taxable income of the relevant partnership allocable to a partner multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. Federal, state and local income tax rate prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account the nondeductibility of certain expenses and the character of our income). The Apollo Operating Group partnerships will make tax distributions only to the extent distributions from such partnerships for the relevant year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities and all such distributions will be made to all partners on a pro rata basis based upon their respective interests in the applicable partnership. On January 8, 2009, we declared a special tax distribution amounting to $0.05 per Class A share. The distribution was paid on January 15, 2009 to Class A shareholders of record on January 12, 2009. No such tax distribution will necessarily be required to be distributed by us for future periods, and there can be no assurance that we will pay cash dividends on the Class A shares in an amount sufficient to cover any tax liability arising from the ownership of Class A shares.
30
Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Exchange Rights |
Subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements), at any time and from time to time, each managing partner and contributing partner has the right to cause Holdings to exchange Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept) and to distribute the net proceeds of such sale to such managing partner or contributing partner. We have reserved for issuance 240,000,000 Class A shares, corresponding to the number of existing Apollo Operating Group units held by our managing partners and contributing partners. To effect an exchange, a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, must simultaneously exchange one Apollo Operating Group unit, being an equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity, for each Class A share received. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly reduced. If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. See Our StructureReorganizationHolding Company Structure for further discussion of our Reorganization structure. |
Any exchange of the Apollo Operating Group units generally is expected to result in increases in the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of APO Corp. that would not otherwise have been available. These increases in tax basis are expected to increase (for tax purposes) the depreciation and amortization deductions available to APO Corp. and therefore reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future. APO Corp. has entered into a tax receivable agreement with Holdings whereby it agrees to pay to Holdings 85% of the amount of actual cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state and local income taxes that APO Corp. realizes as a result of these increases in tax basis. In the event that other of our current or future subsidiaries become taxable as corporations and acquire Apollo Operating Group units in the future, or if we become taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, we expect that each will become subject to a tax receivable agreement with substantially similar terms. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement.
31
NYSE Listing |
We intend to apply for our Class A shares to be listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or NYSE, under the symbol . The listing is subject to approval of our application. |
Risk Factors |
Please read the section entitled Risk Factors beginning on page 37 for a discussion of some of the factors you should carefully consider before deciding to invest in our Class A shares. |
References in this section to the number of our Class A shares outstanding, and the percent of our voting rights held, exclude:
|
240,000,000 Class A shares issuable upon exchange of the Apollo Operating Group units and interests in our Class B share by Holdings on behalf of our managing partners and contributing partners; |
|
interests granted or reserved under our equity incentive plan, consisting of: |
|
20,477,101 restricted share units, or RSUs, (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the year ended December 31, 2007, subject to vesting, to certain employees and consultants; |
|
an additional 10,181,229 RSUs (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the year ended December 31, 2008, subject to vesting, to certain employees and consultants; |
|
1,371,685 RSUs (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the year ended December 31, 2009, subject to vesting, to certain employees; |
|
7,404,810 RSUs (net of forfeited awards) that were granted during the six months ended June 30, 2010, subject to vesting, to certain employees; and |
|
effective as of January 1, 2010, 78,706,931 Class A shares were reserved for issuance under the equity incentive plan. Under certain circumstances, the plan is subject to automatic increases annually. As of June 30, 2010, 39,272,106 Class A shares remained available for issuance pursuant to our equity incentive plan. |
Except as otherwise indicated, all information contained in this prospectus assumes:
|
an initial public offering price of $ per Class A share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus; and |
|
the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment option to purchase up to an additional Class A shares from us and/or the selling shareholders. |
32
Summary Historical and Other Data
The following summary historical consolidated and combined financial and other data of Apollo Global Management, LLC should be read together with Our Structure, Selected Financial Data, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the historical consolidated and combined financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We derived the summary historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the summary historical consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 from our consolidated and combined financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We derived the summary consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2007 from our audited consolidated and combined financial statements which are not included in this prospectus.
We derived the summary historical condensed consolidated statement of operations of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the summary historical condensed consolidated statement of financial condition data as of June 30, 2010 from our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of Apollo Global Management, LLC have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) so that the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing Apollo Global Management, LLCs unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent.
The summary historical financial data are not indicative of our expected future operating results. In particular, after undergoing the Reorganization on July 13, 2007 and providing liquidation rights to investors of most of the funds we manage on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, Apollo Global Management, LLC no longer consolidates in its financial statements the majority of the funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements.
33
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 (f) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | ||||||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | 406,257 | 384,247 | 192,934 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | 55,045 | 92,998 | 504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 294,725 | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
79,280 | 141,709 | 302,874 | 298,434 | 966,728 | (266,705 | ) | 637,850 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
313,997 | 342,646 | 688,874 | 684,216 | 1,495,010 | 843,600 | 1,450,330 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | 50,252 | 62,622 | 105,968 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | | | | 240,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 22,404 | 14,383 | 33,889 | 76,450 | 81,824 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement (a) |
| | | | | 200,000 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 31,503 | 22,788 | 61,066 | 71,789 | 36,618 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | 29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | 24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
362,110 | 390,957 | 790,600 | 776,725 | 1,706,505 | 1,348,769 | 1,962,727 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
(11,005 | ) | 279,666 | 100,716 | 113,068 | 510,935 | (1,269,100 | ) | 2,279,263 | |||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
|
(19,432 |
) |
| (265 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
|
(1,712 |
) |
|
32,572 |
|
|
6,168 |
|
|
23,134 |
|
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 1,722 | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 662 | 701 | 1,450 | 19,368 | 52,500 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt (b) |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | 36,193 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | | | | | 238,609 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net (c) |
25,264 | 23,218 | 21,906 | 39,151 | 41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(6,585 | ) | 371,942 | 129,187 | 212,247 | 673,101 | (1,311,694 | ) | 2,572,058 | |||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) Income Before Income
|
|
(289,415 |
) |
|
122,694 |
|
|
(358,539 |
) |
|
(266,044 |
) |
(66,676 | ) | (2,927,168 | ) | 1,247,181 | |||||||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | (28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(302,142 | ) | 121,749 | (375,321 | ) | (273,160 | ) | (95,390 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | 1,240,455 | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (d) |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | (107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | (460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group (e) |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | 400,440 | 801,799 | 278,549 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||||||
Dividends Declared per Class A share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.56 | $ | | ||||||||||||||
As of
June 30, |
As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Financial Condition Data |
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
|
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | $ | 5,115,642 | |||||||||||||||||||
Debt (excluding obligations of variable interest entities) |
|
933,031 | 933,834 | 1,026,005 | 1,057,761 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt obligations of consolidated variable interest entities |
|
1,006,548 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
|
1,856,825 | 1,299,110 | 325,785 | 2,408,329 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests |
|
2,122,749 | 1,603,146 | 822,843 | 2,312,286 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Metrics (non-U.S. GAAP): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Assets Under Management (in millions): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity |
|
$ | 33,466 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets |
|
18,964 | 19,112 | 15,108 | 10,533 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate |
|
2,103 | 495 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total AUM |
|
$ | 54,533 | $ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | |||||||||||||||||||
34
Three
Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) (g) |
$ | 22,893 | $ | 140,513 | $ | 100,009 | $ | 167,096 | $ | 581,022 | $ | (610,950 | ) | $ | 152,846 | ||||||||
Adjusted Economic Net (Loss) Income (g) |
(2,048 | ) | 91,743 | 81,056 | 107,430 | 542,374 | (332,794 | ) | 486,681 | ||||||||||||||
Private Equity Dollars Invested (h) |
1,967,000 | 986,600 | 2,263,300 | 1,891,200 | 3,475,500 | 8,079,099 | 3,638,326 |
(a) | Litigation settlement charge was incurred in connection with an agreement with Huntsman to settle certain claims related to Hexions now terminated merger agreement with Huntsman. Insurance reimbursements were subsequently received from the companys professional liability insurance carriers in connection with this settlement, as further discussed in note (c) below. |
(b) | During April and May 2009, the company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a net gain of $36.2 million which is included in other income (loss) in the unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and the consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. |
(c) | During both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, there were $27.5 million of insurance reimbursements received in connection with the litigation settlement, which was included in other income (loss) during the same period. During the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, there were $15.0 million and $30.0 million, respectively, of insurance reimbursements received. During the year ended December 31, 2009, there were $37.5 million of insurance reimbursements received. |
(d) | Reflects Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA, consolidated variable interest entities and the remaining interests held by certain former employees in the net income (loss) of our capital markets management companies. |
(e) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group relating to the units held by our managing partners and contributing partners post-Reorganization. This amount is calculated by applying the following ownership percentages: |
|
July 2007 through February 2009: 71.1% |
|
February 2009 through March 2010: 71.5% |
|
March 2010 to June 2010: 71.4% |
The above changes in ownership interest arose in connection with our share repurchase in February 2009 and the issuance of Class A shares in settlement of vested RSUs in March 2010.
(f) | Significant impacts to the statement of operations for 2007 are due to (i) the Reorganization, (ii) the deconsolidation of certain funds and (iii) the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
Some of the significant impacts of the above items are as follows:
| Revenue from affiliates increased due to the deconsolidation of certain funds. |
| Compensation and benefits, including non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation increased due to amortization of Apollo Operating Group units, RDUs and RSUs. |
| Interest expense increased as a result of conversion of debt on which the Strategic Investors had a beneficial conversion feature. Additionally, interest expense increased related to the AMH credit facility obtained in April 2007. |
| Professional fees increased due to Apollo Global Management, LLCs formation and ongoing requirements. |
| Net gain from investment activities increased due to increased activity in our consolidated funds through the date of deconsolidation. |
| Non-Controlling Interests changed significantly due to the formation of Holdings and reflects net losses attributable to Holdings post-Reorganization. |
(g) | Economic Net Income, or ENI, is a key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of our segments, as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the companys performance. ENI represents segment income (loss), which excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements. In arriving at adjusted ENI, or Adjusted ENI, the company removes items from ENI that management believes are non-recurring. Management also removes public offering costs, placement fees and litigation settlements and related insurance proceeds to arrive at Adjusted ENI, given that costs incurred to register the Class A shares in connection with this offering and the shelf registration are not expected to recur after the Class A shares are registered, placement fees are viewed by management as fund start-up costs and litigation settlements similar to the 2008 occurrence are considered infrequent in nature. However, these costs will recur until our shares are registered, and may recur if we raise additional funds or if we reach legal settlements on existing or future legal matters. ENI and Adjusted ENI are measures of profitability and have certain limitations in that they do not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. We believe that ENI and Adjusted ENI are helpful to an understanding of our business and that investors should review the same supplemental financial measures that management use to analyze our segment performance. Refer to Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsManaging Business Performance for a more comprehensive explanation as to how ENI and Adjusted ENI are used to manage and evaluate our business. |
(h) | Private equity dollars invested represents the aggregate amount of capital invested by our private equity funds during a reporting period. |
35
Below is a reconciliation of the Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009 through 2007 to ENI and ENI to Adjusted ENI for such periods:
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC: |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||||||
(i) Adjusted for the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
279,960 | 275,592 | 553,606 | 549,508 | 1,100,106 | 1,125,184 | 989,849 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(ii) Income tax provision (benefit) |
12,727 | 945 | 16,782 | 7,116 | 28,714 | (36,995 | ) | 6,726 | ||||||||||||||||||||
(iii) Net loss (income) of Metals Trading Fund |
1,343 | (1,303 | ) | 2,573 | (728 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
(iv) Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (1) |
7,261 | 762 | 9,767 | 1,521 | 7,818 | 14,918 | 4,471 | |||||||||||||||||||||
(v) Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(203,274 | ) | (98,108 | ) | (346,913 | ) | (276,767 | ) | (400,440 | ) | (801,799 | ) | (278,549 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 22,893 | $ | 140,513 | $ | 100,009 | $ | 167,096 | $ | 581,022 | $ | (610,950 | ) | $ | 152,846 | |||||||||||||
Adjustments: (2) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expensesbeneficial conversion feature (3) |
| | | | | | 240,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Transactional costs on the Strategic Investors note (4) |
| | | | | | 44,327 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense on the Strategic Investors note (5) |
| | | | | | 6,067 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement (6) |
| | | | | 200,000 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Insurance proceeds (7) |
(27,500 | ) | (15,000 | ) | (27,500 | ) | (30,000 | ) | (37,500 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||
Gain from debt repurchase (8) |
| (36,193 | ) | | (36,193 | ) | (36,193 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||||||
Public offering costs (9) |
1,879 | 1,006 | 4,006 | 2,762 | 14,681 | 26,777 | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Placement fees (10) |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Real estate investment trust offering costs (11) |
| | | | 8,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Reorganization costs (12) |
| | | | | | 16,188 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Adjusted Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | (2,048 | ) | $ | 91,743 | $ | 81,056 | $ | 107,430 | $ | 542,374 | $ | (332,794 | ) | $ | 486,681 | ||||||||||||
Less: Incentive Business Adjusted Economic Net Income (Loss) |
(38,591 | ) | 69,358 | 27,172 | 58,699 | 425,786 | (503,494 | ) | 386,641 | |||||||||||||||||||
Management Business Adjusted Economic Net Income |
$ | 36,543 | $ | 22,385 | $ | 53,884 | $ | 48,731 | $ | 116,588 | $ | 170,700 | $ | 100,040 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated variable interest entities as such amounts are not included within Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC. Economic Net Income (Loss) is presented on a segment basis and excludes our consolidated funds and variable interest entities. |
(2) | All adjustments relate to the management business. |
(3) | Occurred as part of the conversion of debt issued to our Strategic Investors. This item is specific to our Reorganization. |
(4) | Represents the unamortized debt issuance costs that were associated with the convertible notes, which were written off on the conversion date and are included as a component of interest expense during 2007. This item is specific to our Reorganization. |
(5) | Represents the interest expense that was incurred on the convertible notes prior to their mandatory conversion, and are included as a component of interest expense during 2007. This item is specific to our Reorganization. |
(6) | Occurred as a result of a litigation settlement related to Hexions now-terminated merger agreement with Huntsman. |
(7) | Related to insurance proceeds received from the litigation settlement referenced in note (6). |
(8) | Resulted from the companys acquisition of a portion of the AMH credit facility. This repurchase may not recur in the future. |
(9) | Costs incurred to register the Class A shares in connection with this offering and the shelf registration, which the company will only incur until its shares are registered. |
(10) | Costs incurred in connection with raising a new fund. The costs are recorded as an expense in the period the commitment is received from third parties. Our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds have a fixed size and fundraising stops after the fund size has been reached. These costs may recur if we raise additional funds. |
(11) | Costs incurred in connection with the initial public offering of ARIs common stock, which were contractually incurred by the company for the benefit of ARI. |
(12) | Costs incurred in connection with the Private Offering Transactions. |
Note: | As a result of the adoption of U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to Non-Controlling Interests, the presentation and disclosure of all periods presented were impacted as follows: (1) Non-Controlling Interests were reclassified as a separate component of shareholders equity on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) net (loss) income was adjusted to include the net (loss) income attributed to the Non-Controlling Interests on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the companys condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in AAA from the interests of the company, and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. |
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Investing in our Class A shares involves a high degree of risk. You should carefully consider the following risk factors, as well as other information contained in this prospectus, before deciding to invest in our Class A shares. The occurrence of any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our businesses, prospects, financial condition, results of operations and cash flow, in which case, the trading price of our Class A shares could decline and you could lose all or part of your investment.
You may be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on your share of our taxable income, regardless of whether you receive any cash dividends from us.
Under current law, so long as we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act and 90% of our gross income for each taxable year constitutes qualifying income within the meaning of the Internal Revenue Code on a continuing basis, we will be treated, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, as a partnership and not as an association or a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation. You will be subject to U.S. Federal, state, local and possibly, in some cases, foreign income taxation on your allocable share of our items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit for each of our taxable years ending with or within your taxable year, regardless of whether or not you receive cash distributions from us. Accordingly, you may be required to make tax payments in connection with your ownership of Class A shares that significantly exceed your cash distributions in any specific year.
If we are treated as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, the value of the Class A shares would be adversely affected.
The value of your investment will depend in part on our company being treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, which requires that 90% or more of our gross income for every taxable year consist of qualifying income, as defined in Section 7704 of the Internal Revenue Code, and that we are not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act and related rules. Although we intend to manage our affairs so that our partnership will meet the 90% test described above in each taxable year, we may not meet these requirements or, as discussed below, current law may change so as to cause, in either event, our partnership to be treated as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. If we were treated as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, (i) we would become subject to corporate income tax and (ii) distributions to shareholders would be taxable as dividends for U.S. Federal income tax purposes to the extent of our earnings and profits. We have not requested, and do not plan to request, a ruling from the IRS on this or any other matter affecting us. OMelveny & Myers LLP has provided an opinion to us based on factual statements and representations made by us, including statements and representations as to the manner in which we intend to manage our affairs and the composition of our income, that we will be treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. However, opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or any court, and the IRS may challenge this conclusion and a court may sustain such a challenge.
The U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects.
The U.S. Congress, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department are currently examining the U.S. Federal income tax treatment of private equity funds, hedge funds and other kinds of investment partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of a holder of Class A shares and/or our own taxation as described under Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations may be adversely affected by any new legislation, new regulations or revised interpretations of existing tax law that arise as a result of such
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examinations. Most notably, on May 28, 2010, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation that would, in general, treat income and gains, including gain on sale, attributable to an interest in an investment services partnership interest, or ISPI, as income subject to a new blended tax rate that is higher than under current law, except to the extent such ISPI is considered under the legislation to be a qualified capital interest. The interests of Class A shareholders and our interests in the Apollo Operating Group that are entitled to receive carried interest may be classified as ISPIs for purposes of this legislation. The U.S. Senate considered but did not pass legislation that is generally similar to the legislation passed by the U.S. House of Representatives. It is unclear when or whether the U.S. Senate will act on such legislation or what provisions will be included in any final legislation, if enacted.
The House bill provides that, for taxable years beginning ten years after the date of enactment, income derived with respect to an ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest and that is treated as ordinary income under the rules discussed above will not meet the qualifying income requirements under the publicly traded partnership rules. Therefore, if this or similar legislation is enacted, following such ten-year period, we would be precluded from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or be required to hold all such ISPIs through corporations, possibly U.S. corporations. If we were taxed as a U.S. corporation or required to hold all ISPIs through corporations, our effective tax rate would increase significantly. The federal statutory rate for corporations is currently 35%. In addition, we could be subject to increased state and local taxes. Furthermore, holders of Class A shares could be subject to tax on our conversion into a corporation or any restructuring required in order for us to hold our ISPIs through a corporation.
Under the House bill, if you are an individual, 75% of the income and gains attributable to an interest in an ISPI would be taxed at ordinary income tax rates (50% during a two-year transition period). A version considered in the Senate would eliminate the transition period but would reduce the portion of income and gains attributable to an ISPI that are taxed at ordinary income tax rates to 50% for income and gains attributable to assets held by the partnership for more than five years. The deductibility of any losses attributable to any ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest would be subject to limitations. In addition, any dividends that are attributable to an ISPI directly or indirectly held by us would not be considered qualified dividends and, therefore, would not be entitled to reduced rates of taxation currently available for qualified dividends through 2010. Holders of Class A shares may also be subject to additional state and local tax as a result of the legislation. While the legislation does not specifically address whether income or gains that are attributable to an interest in an ISPI are treated as taxable income which is effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business, or ECI, or as unrelated business taxable income, or UBTI, the technical explanation accompanying the legislation indicates that, under regulations to be promulgated following enactment, such income or gains should only be treated as ECI or UBTI to the extent it would be treated as such under current law. Apollos principals and other professionals may face additional adverse tax consequences under the legislation, which may thereby adversely affect Apollos ability to offer attractive incentive opportunities for key personnel.
Additionally, President Obama endorsed legislation to tax carried interest as ordinary income in the 2010 and 2011 budget blueprint. Legislation similar to the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010, as well as legislation that would tax, as corporations, publicly traded partnerships that directly or indirectly derive income from investment adviser or asset management services was introduced in prior sessions of Congress. None of these legislative proposals affecting the tax treatment of our carried interests, or of our ability to qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, have yet been enacted. Furthermore, it is possible that the U.S. Federal income tax law could be changed in ways that would adversely affect the anticipated tax consequences for us and/or the holders of Class A shares as described herein. For example, there could be changes that could adversely affect the taxation of tax-exempt and/or non-U.S. holders of Class A shares, by treating carried interest income as fees for services (which generally would be taxable to tax-exempt investors and non-U.S. holders).
Other jurisdictions have also introduced legislation to increase taxes with respect to carried interest. For instance, on June 29, 2010, the New York State Legislature introduced legislation to expand New Yorks non-resident personal income to include carried interest. If passed, this legislation would be retroactive to January 1, 2010. It is unclear whether this legislation or other legislation will be enacted. Finally, because of
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widespread state budget deficits, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise or other forms of taxation. If any state were to impose a tax upon us as an entity, our distribution to you would be reduced.
It is unclear whether any additional legislation will be proposed or enacted or, if enacted, whether and how the legislation would apply to us and/or the holders of Class A shares, and it is unclear whether any other such tax law changes will occur or, if they do, how they might affect us and/or the holders of Class A shares. In view of the potential significance of any such U.S. Federal income tax law changes and the fact that there are likely to be ongoing developments in this area, each prospective holder of Class A shares should consult its own tax advisor to determine the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to it of acquiring and holding Class A shares in light of such potential U.S. Federal income tax law changes.
Our structure involves complex provisions of U.S. Federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. Our structure is also subject to potential legislative, judicial or administrative change and differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis.
The U.S. Federal income tax treatment of holders of Class A shares depends in some instances on determinations of fact and interpretations of complex provisions of U.S. Federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. You should be aware that the U.S. Federal income tax rules are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department, frequently resulting in revised interpretations of established concepts, statutory changes, revisions to regulations and other modifications and interpretations. The IRS pays close attention to the proper application of tax laws to partnerships and entities taxed as partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of an investment in our Class A shares may be modified by administrative, legislative or judicial interpretation at any time, and any such action may affect investments and commitments previously made. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
Our operating agreement permits our manager to modify our operating agreement from time to time, without the consent of the holders of Class A shares, to address certain changes in U.S. Federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation. In some circumstances, such revisions could have a material adverse impact on some or all holders of Class A shares. For instance, our manager could elect at some point to treat us as an association taxable as a corporation for U.S. federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes. If our manager were to do this, the U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning our common units would be materially different. Moreover, we will apply certain assumptions and conventions in an attempt to comply with applicable rules and to report income, gain, deduction, loss and credit to holders of Class A shares in a manner that reflects such beneficial ownership of items by holders of Class A shares, taking into account variation in ownership interests during each taxable year because of trading activity. However, those assumptions and conventions may not be in compliance with all aspects of applicable tax requirements. It is possible that the IRS will assert successfully that the conventions and assumptions used by us do not satisfy the technical requirements of the Internal Revenue Code and/or Treasury regulations and could require that items of income, gain, deductions, loss or credit, including interest deductions, be adjusted, reallocated or disallowed in a manner that adversely affects holders of Class A shares.
The interest in certain of our businesses will be held through entities that will be treated as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes; such corporations may be liable for significant taxes and may create other adverse tax consequences, which could potentially, adversely affect the value of your investment.
In light of the publicly traded partnership rules under U.S. Federal income tax law and other requirements, the partnership will hold its interest in certain of our businesses through entities that will be treated as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Each such corporation could be liable for significant U.S. Federal income taxes and applicable state, local and other taxes that would not otherwise be incurred, which could adversely affect the value of your investment. Furthermore, it is possible that the IRS could challenge the manner in which such corporations taxable income is computed by us.
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We may hold or acquire certain investments through an entity classified as a PFIC or CFC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes.
Certain of our investments may be in foreign corporations or may be acquired through a foreign subsidiary that would be classified as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Such an entity may be a passive foreign investment company, or a PFIC, or a controlled foreign corporation, or a CFC, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. For example, APO (FC), LLC is considered to be a CFC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Class A shareholders indirectly owning an interest in a PFIC or a CFC may experience adverse U.S. tax consequences, including the recognition of taxable income prior to the receipt of cash relating to such income. In addition, gain on the sale of a PFIC or CFC may be taxable at ordinary income tax rates. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsTaxation of Holders of Class A SharesPassive Foreign Investment Companies and Controlled Foreign Corporations.
Complying with certain tax-related requirements may cause us to forego otherwise attractive business or investment opportunities or enter into acquisitions, borrowings, financings or arrangements we may not have otherwise entered into.
In order for us to be treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and not as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation, we must meet the qualifying income exception discussed above on a continuing basis and we must not be required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. In order to effect such treatment we (or our subsidiaries) may be required to invest through foreign or domestic corporations, forego attractive business or investment opportunities or enter into borrowings or financings we may not have otherwise entered into. This may cause us to incur additional tax liability and/or adversely affect our ability to operate solely to maximize our cash flow. Our structure also may impede our ability to engage in certain corporate acquisitive transactions because we generally intend to hold all of our assets through the Apollo Operating Group. In addition, we may be unable to participate in certain corporate reorganization transactions that would be tax free to our holders if we were a corporation. To the extent we hold assets other than through the Apollo Operating Group, we will make appropriate adjustments to the Apollo Operating Group agreements so that distributions to Holdings and us would be the same as if such assets were held at that level. Moreover, we are precluded by a contract with one of the Strategic Investors from acquiring assets in a manner that would cause that Strategic Investor to be engaged in a commercial activity within the meaning of Section 892 of the Internal Revenue Code.
Tax gain or loss on disposition of our Class A shares could be more or less than expected.
If you sell your Class A shares, you will recognize a gain or loss equal to the difference between the amount realized and your adjusted tax basis allocated to those Class A shares. Prior distributions to you in excess of the total net taxable income allocated to you will have decreased the tax basis in your Class A shares. Therefore, such excess distributions will increase your taxable gain, or decrease your taxable loss, when the Class A shares are sold and may result in a taxable gain even if the sale price is less than the original cost. A portion of the amount realized, whether or not representing gain, may be ordinary income to you.
We cannot match transferors and transferees of Class A shares, and we will therefore adopt certain income tax accounting conventions that may not conform with all aspects of applicable tax requirements. The IRS may challenge this treatment, which could adversely affect the value of our Class A shares.
Because we cannot match transferors and transferees of Class A shares, we will adopt depreciation, amortization and other tax accounting positions that may not conform with all aspects of existing Treasury regulations. A successful IRS challenge to those positions could adversely affect the amount of tax benefits available to holders of Class A shares. It also could affect the timing of these tax benefits or the amount of gain on the sale of Class A shares and could have a negative impact on the value of Class A shares or result in audits of and adjustments to the tax returns of holders of Class A shares.
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Non-U.S. persons face unique U.S. tax issues from owning our shares that may result in adverse tax consequences to them.
We believe that we will not be treated as engaged in a trade or business for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and, therefore, non-U.S. holders of Class A shares will generally not be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on interest, dividends and gains derived from non-U.S. sources. It is possible, however, that the IRS could disagree or that the tax laws and regulations could change and we could be deemed to be engaged in a U.S. trade or business, which would have a material adverse effect on non-U.S. holders. If we have income that is treated as effectively connected to a U.S. trade or business, non-U.S. holders would be required to file a U.S. Federal income tax return to report that income and would be subject to U.S. Federal income tax at the regular graduated rates. Holders likely will be required to file state and local income tax returns and pay state and local income taxes in some or all jurisdictions where we operate. It is the responsibility of each holder to file all U.S. Federal, state and local tax returns that may be required of such holder. Our counsel has not rendered an opinion on the state or local tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares.
An investment in Class A shares will give rise to UBTI to certain tax-exempt holders.
We will not make investments through taxable U.S. corporations solely for the purpose of limiting UBTI from debt-financed property and, thus, an investment in Class A shares will give rise to UBTI to tax-exempt holders of Class A shares. APO Asset Co., LLC may borrow funds from APO Corp. or third parties from time to time to make investments. These investments will give rise to UBTI from debt-financed property. Moreover, if the IRS successfully asserts that we are engaged in a trade or business, then additional amounts of income could be treated as UBTI.
We do not intend to make, or cause to be made, an election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code to adjust our asset basis or the asset basis of certain of the Group Partnerships. Thus, a holder of Class A shares could be allocated more taxable income in respect of those Class A shares prior to disposition than if such an election were made.
We did not make and currently do not intend to make, or cause to be made, an election to adjust asset basis under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code with respect to us, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. If no such election is made, there will generally be no adjustment for a transferee of Class A shares even if the purchase price of those Class A shares is higher than the Class A shares share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. In that case, on a sale of an asset, gain allocable to a transferee could include built-in gain allocable to the transferor at the time of the transfer, which built-in gain would otherwise generally be eliminated if a Section 754 election had been made. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersTax Elections.
Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure
Members of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares.
On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed H.R. 4213, the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010. If enacted, this bill would cause portions of income associated with carried interest to be taxed as ordinary income and not treated as qualifying income for purposes of the publicly traded partnership tests. This would have the effect of treating publicly traded partnerships that derive substantial amounts of
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income from carried interests as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Such legislation does provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. See Risks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects.
Our shareholders do not elect our manager or vote and have limited ability to influence decisions regarding our businesses.
So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager, AGM Management, LLC, which is owned by our managing partners, will manage all of our operations and activities. AGM Management, LLC is managed by BRH, a Cayman entity owned by our managing partners and managed by an executive committee composed of our managing partners. Our shareholders do not elect our manager, its manager or its managers executive committee and, unlike the holders of common stock in a corporation, have only limited voting rights on matters affecting our businesses and therefore limited ability to influence decisions regarding our businesses. Furthermore, if our shareholders are dissatisfied with the performance of our manager, they will have little ability to remove our manager. As discussed below, the managing partners collectively have 87.1% of the voting power of Apollo Global Management, LLC. Therefore, they will have the ability to control any shareholder vote that occurs, including any vote regarding the removal of our manager.
Control by our managing partners of the combined voting power of our shares and holding their economic interests through the Apollo Operating Group may give rise to conflicts of interests.
Our managing partners, through their partnership interests in Holdings, control 87.1% of the combined voting power of our shares entitled to vote. Accordingly, our managing partners have the ability to control our management and affairs to the extent not controlled by our manager. In addition, they are able to determine the outcome of all matters requiring shareholder approval (such as a proposed sale of all or substantially of our assets, the approval of a merger or consolidation involving the company, and an election by our manager to dissolve the company) and are able to cause or prevent a change of control of our company and could preclude any unsolicited acquisition of our company. The control of voting power by our managing partners could deprive Class A shareholders of an opportunity to receive a premium for their Class A shares as part of a sale of our company, and might ultimately affect the market price of the Class A shares.
In addition, our managing partners and contributing partners, through their partnership interests in Holdings, are entitled to 71.4% of Apollo Operating Groups economic returns through the Apollo Operating Group units owned by Holdings as of June 30, 2010. Because they hold their economic interest in our businesses directly through the Apollo Operating Group, rather than through the issuer of the Class A shares, our managing partners and contributing partners may have conflicting interests with holders of Class A shares. For example, our managing partners and contributing partners may have different tax positions from us, which could influence their decisions regarding whether and when to dispose of assets, and whether and when to incur new or refinance existing indebtedness, especially in light of the existence of the tax receivable agreement. In addition, the structuring of future transactions may take into consideration the managing partners and contributing partners tax considerations even where no similar benefit would accrue to us.
We expect to qualify for and intend to rely on exceptions from certain corporate governance and other requirements under the rules of the NYSE.
We expect to qualify for exceptions from certain corporate governance and other requirements of the rules of the NYSE. Pursuant to these exceptions, we will elect not to comply with certain corporate governance requirements of the NYSE, including the requirements (i) that a majority of our board of directors consist of independent directors, (ii) that we have a nominating/corporate governance committee that is composed entirely
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of independent directors and (iii) that we have a compensation committee that is composed entirely of independent directors. In addition, we will not be required to hold annual meetings of our shareholders. Accordingly, you will not have the same protections afforded to equityholders of entities that are subject to all of the corporate governance requirements of the NYSE.
Potential conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders on the other hand. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders.
Conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders, on the other hand. As a result of these conflicts, our manager may favor its own interests and the interests of its affiliates over the interests of us and our shareholders. These conflicts include, among others, the conflicts described below.
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Our manager determines the amount and timing of our investments and dispositions, indebtedness, issuances of additional stock and amounts of reserves, each of which can affect the amount of cash that is available for distribution to you. |
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Our manager is allowed to take into account the interests of parties other than us in resolving conflicts of interest, which has the effect of limiting its duties (including fiduciary duties) to our shareholders; for example, our affiliates that serve as general partners of our funds have fiduciary and contractual obligations to our fund investors, and such obligations may cause such affiliates to regularly take actions that might adversely affect our near-term results of operations or cash flow; our manager has no obligation to intervene in, or to notify our shareholders of, such actions by such affiliates. |
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Because our managing partners and contributing partners hold their Apollo Operating Group units through entities that are not subject to corporate income taxation and Apollo Global Management, LLC holds the Apollo Operating Group units in part through a wholly-owned subsidiary that is subject to corporate income taxation, conflicts may arise between our managing partners and contributing partners, on the one hand, and Apollo Global Management, LLC, on the other hand, relating to the selection and structuring of investments. |
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Other than as set forth in the non-competition, non-solicitation and confidentiality agreements to which our managing partners and other professionals are subject, which may not be enforceable, affiliates of our manager and existing and former personnel employed by our manager are not prohibited from engaging in other businesses or activities, including those that might be in direct competition with us. |
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Our manager has limited its liability and reduced or eliminated its duties (including fiduciary duties) under our operating agreement, while also restricting the remedies available to our shareholders for actions that, without these limitations, might constitute breaches of duty (including fiduciary duty). In addition, we have agreed to indemnify our manager and its affiliates to the fullest extent permitted by law, except with respect to conduct involving bad faith, fraud or willful misconduct. By purchasing our Class A shares, you will have agreed and consented to the provisions set forth in our operating agreement, including the provisions regarding conflicts of interest situations that, in the absence of such provisions, might constitute a breach of fiduciary or other duties under applicable state law. |
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Our operating agreement does not restrict our manager from causing us to pay it or its affiliates for any services rendered, or from entering into additional contractual arrangements with any of these entities on our behalf, so long as the terms of any such additional contractual arrangements are fair and reasonable to us as determined under the operating agreement. |
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Our manager determines how much debt we incur and that decision may adversely affect our credit ratings. |
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Our manager determines which costs incurred by it and its affiliates are reimbursable by us. |
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Our manager controls the enforcement of obligations owed to us by it and its affiliates. |
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Our manager decides whether to retain separate counsel, accountants or others to perform services for us. |
See Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions and Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Responsibilities for a more detailed discussion of these conflicts.
Our operating agreement contains provisions that reduce or eliminate duties (including fiduciary duties) of our manager and limit remedies available to shareholders for actions that might otherwise constitute a breach of duty. It will be difficult for a shareholder to challenge a resolution of a conflict of interest by our manager or by its conflicts committee.
Our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides that when our manager is acting in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our manager, it may act without any fiduciary obligations to us or our shareholders whatsoever. When our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable, then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting us or any of our shareholders and will not be subject to any different standards imposed by our operating agreement, the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act or under any other law, rule or regulation or in equity.
Whenever a potential conflict of interest exists between us and our manager, our manager may resolve such conflict of interest. If our manager determines that its resolution of the conflict of interest is on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties or is fair and reasonable to us, taking into account the totality of the relationships between us and our manager, then it will be presumed that in making this determination, our manager acted in good faith. A shareholder seeking to challenge this resolution of the conflict of interest would bear the burden of overcoming such presumption. This is different from the situation with Delaware corporations, where a conflict resolution by an interested party would be presumed to be unfair and the interested party would have the burden of demonstrating that the resolution was fair.
The above modifications of fiduciary duties are expressly permitted by Delaware law. Hence, we and our shareholders will only have recourse and be able to seek remedies against our manager if our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement. Unless our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement, we and our unitholders will not have any recourse against our manager even if our manager were to act in a manner that was inconsistent with traditional fiduciary duties. Furthermore, even if there has been a breach of the obligations set forth in our operating agreement, our operating agreement provides that our manager and its officers and directors will not be liable to us or our shareholders for errors of judgment or for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that the manager or its officers and directors acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. These provisions are detrimental to the shareholders because they restrict the remedies available to them for actions that without those limitations might constitute breaches of duty, including fiduciary duties.
Also, if our manager obtains the approval of its conflicts committee, the resolution will be conclusively deemed to be fair and reasonable to us and not a breach by our manager of any duties it may owe to us or our shareholders. This is different from the situation with Delaware corporations, where a conflict resolution by a committee consisting solely of independent directors may, in certain circumstances, merely shift the burden of demonstrating unfairness to the plaintiff. If you purchase a Class A share, you will be treated as having consented to the provisions set forth in the operating agreement, including provisions regarding conflicts of interest situations that, in the absence of such provisions, might be considered a breach of fiduciary or other duties under
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applicable state law. As a result, shareholders will, as a practical matter, not be able to successfully challenge an informed decision by the conflicts committee. See Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Responsibilities.
The control of our manager may be transferred to a third party without shareholder consent.
Our manager may transfer its manager interest to a third party in a merger or consolidation or in a transfer of all or substantially all of its assets without the consent of our shareholders. Furthermore, at any time, the partners of our manager may sell or transfer all or part of their partnership interests in our manager without the approval of the shareholders, subject to certain restrictions as described elsewhere in this prospectus. A new manager may not be willing or able to form new funds and could form funds that have investment objectives and governing terms that differ materially from those of our current funds. A new owner could also have a different investment philosophy, employ investment professionals who are less experienced, be unsuccessful in identifying investment opportunities or have a track record that is not as successful as Apollos track record. If any of the foregoing were to occur, we could experience difficulty in making new investments, and the value of our existing investments, our businesses, our results of operations and our financial condition could materially suffer.
Our ability to pay regular dividends may be limited by our holding company structure. We are dependent on distributions from the Apollo Operating Group to pay dividends, taxes and other expenses.
As a holding company, our ability to pay dividends will be subject to the ability of our subsidiaries to provide cash to us. We intend to distribute quarterly dividends to our Class A shareholders. Accordingly, we expect to cause the Apollo Operating Group to make distributions to its unitholders (in other words, Holdings, which is 100% owned, directly and indirectly, by our managing partners and our contributing partners, and the three intermediate holding companies, which are 100% owned by us), pro rata in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay such dividends to our Class A shareholders; however, such distributions may not be made. In addition, our manager can reduce or eliminate our dividend at any time, in its discretion. The Apollo Operating Group intends to make periodic distributions to its unitholders in amounts sufficient to cover hypothetical income tax obligations attributable to allocations of taxable income resulting from their ownership interest in the various limited partnerships making up the Apollo Operating Group, subject to compliance with any financial covenants or other obligations. Tax distributions will be calculated assuming each shareholder was subject to the maximum (corporate or individual, whichever is higher) combined U.S. Federal, New York State and New York City tax rates, without regard to whether any shareholder was subject to income tax liability at those rates. If the Apollo Operating Group has insufficient funds, we may have to borrow additional funds or sell assets, which could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition. Furthermore, by paying that cash distribution rather than investing that cash in our business, we might risk slowing the pace of our growth or not having a sufficient amount of cash to fund our operations, new investments or unanticipated capital expenditures, should the need arise. Because tax distributions to unitholders are made without regard to their particular tax situation, tax distributions to all unitholders, including our intermediate holding companies, were increased to reflect the disproportionate income allocation to our managing partners and contributing partners with respect to built-in gain assets at the time of the Private Offering Transactions.
There may be circumstances under which we are restricted from paying dividends under applicable law or regulation (for example, due to Delaware limited partnership or limited liability company act limitations on making distributions if liabilities of the entity after the distribution would exceed the value of the entitys assets). In addition, under the AMH credit facility, Apollo Management Holdings is restricted in its ability to make cash distributions to us and may be forced to use cash to collateralize the AMH credit facility, which would reduce the cash it has available to make distributions.
Tax consequences to our managing partners and contributing partners may give rise to conflicts of interests.
As a result of unrealized built-in gain attributable to the value of our assets held by the Apollo Operating Group entities at the time of the Private Offering Transactions, upon the sale, refinancing or disposition of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group entities, our managing partners and contributing partners will incur
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different and significantly greater tax liabilities as a result of the disproportionately greater allocations of items of taxable income and gain to the managing partners and contributing partners upon a realization event. As the managing partners and contributing partners will not receive a corresponding greater distribution of cash proceeds, they may, subject to applicable fiduciary or contractual duties, have different objectives regarding the appropriate pricing, timing and other material terms of any sale, refinancing, or disposition, or whether to sell such assets at all. Decisions made with respect to an acceleration or deferral of income or the sale or disposition of assets with unrealized built-in gains may also influence the timing and amount of payments that are received by an exchanging or selling founder or partner under the tax receivable agreement. All other factors being equal, earlier disposition of assets with unrealized built-in gains following such exchange will tend to accelerate such payments and increase the present value of the tax receivable agreement, and disposition of assets with unrealized built-in gains before an exchange will increase a managing partners or contributing partners tax liability without giving rise to any rights to receive payments under the tax receivable agreement. Decisions made regarding a change of control also could have a material influence on the timing and amount of payments received by our managing partners and contributing partners pursuant to the tax receivable agreement.
We will be required to pay Holdings for most of the actual tax benefits we realize as a result of the tax basis step-up we receive in connection with taxable exchanges by our units held in the Apollo Operating Group entities or our acquisitions of units from our managing partners and contributing partners.
On a quarterly basis, each managing partner and contributing partner will have the right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds through his partnership interest in Holdings for our Class A shares in a partially taxable transaction. These exchanges, as well as our acquisitions of units from our managing partners or contributing partners, may result in increases in the tax basis of the intangible assets of the Apollo Operating Group that otherwise would not have been available. Any such increases may reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future. The IRS may challenge all or part of these increased deductions and tax basis increases and a court could sustain such a challenge.
We have entered into a tax receivable agreement with Holdings that provides for the payment by APO Corp. to our managing partners and contributing partners of 85% of the amount of actual tax savings, if any, that APO Corp. realizes (or is deemed to realize in the case of an early termination payment by APO Corp. or a change of control, as discussed below) as a result of these increases in tax deductions and tax basis of the Apollo Operating Group. APO Corp. made payments of $3.7 million and $9.1 million in 2008 and 2009, respectively, pursuant to the tax receivable agreement. The Apollo Operating Group made total distributions of $27.0 million and $18.1 million in 2009 and 2008 to APO Corp. and Holdings, respectively, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement. $17.9 million and $14.4 million of such distributions were distributed to the managing partners and contributing partners in 2009 and 2008, respectively. Future payments that APO Corp. may make to our managing partners and contributing partners could be material in amount. In the event that other of our current or future subsidiaries become taxable as corporations and acquire Apollo Operating Group units in the future, or if we become taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, we expect, and have agreed that, each will become subject to a tax receivable agreement with substantially similar terms.
The IRS could challenge our claim to any increase in the tax basis of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group that results from the exchanges entered into by the managing partners or contributing partners. The IRS could also challenge any additional tax depreciation and amortization deductions or other tax benefits (including deductions for imputed interest expense associated with payments made under the tax receivable agreement) we claim as a result of, or in connection with, such increases in the tax basis of such assets. If the IRS were to successfully challenge a tax basis increase or tax benefits we previously claimed from a tax basis increase, Holdings would not be obligated under the tax receivable agreement to reimburse APO Corp. for any payments previously made to them (although any future payments would be adjusted to reflect the result of such challenge). As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made to our managing partners and contributing partners under the tax receivable agreement in excess of 85% of the actual aggregate cash tax savings of APO Corp. APO
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Corp.s ability to achieve benefits from any tax basis increase and the payments to be made under this agreement will depend upon a number of factors, including the timing and amount of its future income.
In addition, the tax receivable agreement provides that, upon a merger, asset sale or other form of business combination or certain other changes of control, APO Corp.s (or its successors) obligations with respect to exchanged or acquired units (whether exchanged or acquired before or after such change of control) would be based on certain assumptions, including that APO Corp. would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement.
If we were deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions could make it impractical for us to continue our businesses as contemplated and could have a material adverse effect on our businesses and the price of our Class A shares.
We do not believe that we are an investment company under the Investment Company Act because the nature of our assets and the income derived from those assets allow us to rely on the exception provided by Rule 3a-1 issued under the Investment Company Act. In addition, we believe we are not an investment company under Section 3(b)(1) of the Investment Company Act because we are primarily engaged in non-investment company businesses. We intend to conduct our operations so that we will not be deemed an investment company. However, if we were to be deemed an investment company, we would be taxed as a corporation and other restrictions imposed by the Investment Company Act, including limitations on our capital structure and our ability to transact with affiliates that apply to us, could make it impractical for us to continue our businesses as contemplated and would have a material adverse effect on our businesses and the price of our Class A shares.
Risks Related to Our Businesses
Poor performance of our funds would cause a decline in our revenue and results of operations, may obligate us to repay incentive income previously paid to us and would adversely affect our ability to raise capital for future funds.
We derive revenues in part from:
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management fees, which are based generally on the amount of capital invested in our funds; |
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transaction and advisory fees relating to the investments our funds make; |
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incentive income, based on the performance of our funds; and |
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investment income from our investments as general partner. |
If a fund performs poorly, we will receive little or no incentive income with regard to the fund and little income or possibly losses from any principal investment in the fund. Furthermore, if, as a result of poor performance of later investments in a private equity funds or a certain capital markets funds life, the fund does not achieve total investment returns that exceed a specified investment return threshold for the life of the fund, we will be obligated to repay the amount by which incentive income that was previously distributed to us exceeds amounts to which we are ultimately entitled. Our fund investors and potential fund investors continually assess our funds performance and our ability to raise capital. Accordingly, poor fund performance may deter future investment in our funds and thereby decrease the capital invested in our funds and ultimately, our management fee income.
We depend on Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, and the loss of any of their services would have a material adverse effect on us.
The success of our businesses depends on the efforts, judgment and personal reputations of our managing partners, Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan. Their reputations, expertise in investing, relationships with our fund investors and relationships with members of the business community on whom our funds depend for
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investment opportunities and financing are each critical elements in operating and expanding our businesses. We believe our performance is strongly correlated to the performance of these individuals. Accordingly, our retention of our managing partners is crucial to our success. Retaining our managing partners could require us to incur significant compensation expense after the expiration of their current employment agreements in 2012. Our managing partners may resign, join our competitors or form a competing firm at any time. If any of our managing partners were to join or form a competitor, some of our investors could choose to invest with that competitor rather than in our funds. The loss of the services of any of our managing partners would have a material adverse effect on us, including our ability to retain and attract investors and raise new funds, and the performance of our funds. We do not carry any key man insurance that would provide us with proceeds in the event of the death or disability of any of our managing partners. In addition, the loss of one or more of our managing partners may result in the termination of our role as general partner of one or more of our funds and the acceleration of our debt.
Although in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction, our managing partners entered into employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreements, which impose certain restrictions on competition and solicitation of our employees by our managing partners if they terminate their employment, a court may not enforce these provisions. See ManagementNarrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableEmployment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement with Chief Executive Officer for a more detailed description of the terms of the agreement for one of our managing partners. In addition, although the Agreement Among Managing Partners imposes vesting and forfeiture requirements on the managing partners in the event any of them terminates their employment, we, our shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors, as described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision of this agreement or to prevent the managing partners from amending the agreement or waiving any of its provisions, including the forfeiture provisions. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners for a more detailed description of the terms of this agreement.
Recent developments in the global financial markets have created a great deal of uncertainty for the asset management industry, and these developments may adversely affect the investments made by our funds or their portfolio companies or reduce the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could further materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow.
Recent developments in the U.S. and global financial markets have illustrated that the current environment is one of extraordinary and unprecedented uncertainty and instability for asset management businesses. With global credit markets experiencing substantial disruption (especially in the mortgage finance markets) and liquidity shortages, financial instability spread globally. In response to spreading financial difficulties, on October 3, 2008 the U.S. government passed the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act of 2008, which authorizes the U.S. Secretary of the Treasury to purchase up to $700 billion in distressed mortgage-related assets from financial institutions. On October 7, 2008, the U.S. Federal Reserve announced it would create a special-purpose facility to begin buying commercial paper to stabilize financial markets. On October 8, 2008, the U.K. announced a plan to recapitalize some of the countrys largest financial institutions by investing up to £25 billion (approximately $44 billion) of equity capital, providing a guarantee for short- and medium-term debt issued by the banks of around £250 billion and providing additional liquidity of at least £200 billion through the Bank of Englands Special Liquidity Scheme and relaxing some of the criteria for lending under such Scheme. On October 14, 2008, the U.S. Treasury Department announced the development of a capital purchase program under the Emergency Economic Stabilization Act pursuant to which the Treasury may purchase up to $250 billion of senior preferred shares in certain U.S. financial institutions. Although market conditions have recently shown some signs of improvement, there can be no assurances that conditions in the global financial markets will not worsen and/or further adversely affect our investments, access to leverage and overall performance.
In addition, over the past two years, the U.S. government has taken a number of steps to attempt to stabilize the global financial markets and the U.S. economy, including direct government investments in, and guarantees
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of, troubled financial institutions as well as government-sponsored programs such as TALF and the Public Private Investment Partnership Program, or PIPP. Members of Congress are also currently evaluating an array of other measures and programs that are intended to help improve U.S. financial and market conditions. While conditions appear to have improved relative to the depths of the global financial crisis, it is not clear whether this improvement is real or will last for a significant period of time. Moreover, it is not clear what impact the governments future plans to improve the global economy and financial markets will have on our business.
Changes in the debt financing markets have negatively impacted the ability of our funds and their portfolio companies to obtain attractive financing for their investments and have increased the cost of such financing if it is obtained, which could lead to lower-yielding investments and potentially decreasing our net income.
Since the latter half of 2007, the markets for debt financing have contracted significantly, particularly in the area of acquisition financings for private equity and leveraged buyout transactions. Large commercial and investment banks, which have traditionally provided such financing, have demanded higher rates, higher equity requirements as part of private equity investments, more restrictive covenants and generally more onerous terms in order to provide such financing, and in some cases are refusing to provide financing for acquisitions, the type of which would have been readily financed in earlier years.
In the event that our funds are unable to obtain committed debt financing for potential acquisitions or can only obtain debt at an increased interest rate or on unfavorable terms, our funds may have difficulty completing otherwise profitable acquisitions or may generate profits that are lower than would otherwise be the case, either of which could lead to a decrease in the investment income earned by us. Any failure by lenders to provide previously committed financing can also expose us to potential claims by sellers of businesses which we may have contracted to purchase. Similarly, the portfolio companies owned by our private equity funds regularly utilize the corporate debt markets in order to obtain financing for their operations. To the extent that the current credit markets have rendered such financing difficult to obtain or more expensive, this may negatively impact the operating performance of those portfolio companies and, therefore, the investment returns on our funds. In addition, to the extent that the current markets make it difficult or impossible to refinance debt that is maturing in the near term, the relevant portfolio company may face substantial doubt as to its status as a going concern (which may result in an event of default under various agreements) or be unable to repay such debt at maturity and may be forced to sell assets, undergo a recapitalization or seek bankruptcy protection.
Difficult market conditions may adversely affect our businesses in many ways, including by reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow and adversely affect our financial prospects and condition.
Our businesses are materially affected by conditions in the global financial markets and economic conditions throughout the world, such as interest rates, availability of credit, inflation rates, economic uncertainty, changes in laws (including laws relating to taxation), trade barriers, commodity prices, currency exchange rates and controls and national and international political circumstances (including wars, terrorist acts or security operations). These factors are outside our control and may affect the level and volatility of securities prices and the liquidity and the value of investments, and we may not be able to or may choose not to manage our exposure to these conditions. The market conditions surrounding each of our businesses, and in particular our private equity business, had been quite favorable for a number of years through early 2008. A significant portion of the investments of our private equity funds were made during this period. Market conditions, however, significantly deteriorated in 2008 and 2009 and generally remain at depressed levels. Global financial markets have experienced considerable volatility in the valuations of equity and debt securities, a contraction in the availability of credit and the failure of a number of leading financial institutions. Many economies around the world, including the U.S. economy, have experienced and continue to experience significant declines in employment, household wealth, and lending. These events have led to a significantly diminished availability of credit and an increase in the cost of financing. The lack of credit has materially hindered the initiation of new, large-sized transactions for our private equity segment and, together with volatility in valuations of equity and
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debt securities, adversely impacted our operating results in recent periods reflected in the financial statements included in this prospectus. These events may place additional negative pressure on our operating results going forward. If conditions further deteriorate, our business could be affected in different ways. Our profitability may also be adversely affected by our fixed costs and the possibility that we would be unable to scale back other costs, within a time frame sufficient to match any further decreases in net income or increases in net losses relating to changes in market and economic conditions.
The challenging market conditions that we have been experiencing have adversely affected our operating results in a number of ways, and if the economic downturn continues, may cause our revenue and results of operations to decline by causing:
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our AUM to decrease, lowering management fees from our capital markets funds and AAA; |
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increases in costs of financial instruments; |
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adverse conditions for our portfolio companies (e.g., decreased revenues, liquidity pressures, increased difficulty in obtaining access to financing and complying with the terms of existing financings as well as increased financing costs); |
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lower investment returns, reducing incentive income; |
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higher interest rates, which could increase the cost of the debt capital we use to acquire companies in our private equity business; and |
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material reductions in the value of our private equity fund investments in portfolio companies, affecting our ability to realize carried interest from these investments. |
Lower investment returns and such material reductions in value may result, among other reasons, because during periods of difficult market conditions or slowdowns (which may be across one or more industries, sectors or geographies), companies in which we invest may experience decreased revenues, financial losses, difficulty in obtaining access to financing and increased funding costs. During such periods, these companies may also have difficulty in expanding their businesses and operations and be unable to meet their debt service obligations or other expenses as they become due, including expenses payable to us. In addition, during periods of adverse economic conditions, we may have difficulty accessing financial markets, which could make it more difficult or impossible for us to obtain funding for additional investments and harm our AUM and operating results. Furthermore, such conditions would also increase the risk of default with respect to investments held by our funds that have significant debt investments, such as our mezzanine funds, distressed and hedge funds and credit opportunity funds. Our funds may be affected by reduced opportunities to exit and realize value from their investments, by lower than expected returns on investments made prior to the deterioration of the credit markets, and by the fact that we may not be able to find suitable investments for the funds to effectively deploy capital, which could adversely affect our ability to raise new funds and thus adversely impact our prospects for future growth. Although market conditions have recently shown some signs of improvement, we are unable to predict whether economic and market conditions may continue to improve. Even if such conditions do improve broadly and significantly over the long term, adverse conditions in particular sectors may cause our performance to suffer further.
A decline in the pace of investment in our private equity funds would result in our receiving less revenue from transaction and advisory fees.
The transaction and advisory fees that we earn are driven in part by the pace at which our private equity funds make investments. Any decline in that pace would reduce our transaction and advisory fees and could make it more difficult for us to raise capital. Many factors could cause such a decline in the pace of investment, including the inability of our investment professionals to identify attractive investment opportunities, competition for such opportunities among other potential acquirers, decreased availability of capital on attractive terms and our failure to consummate identified investment opportunities because of business, regulatory or legal complexities and adverse developments in the U.S. or global economy or financial markets. In particular, the current lack of financing options for new leveraged buy-outs resulting from the credit market dislocation, has significantly reduced the pace of traditional buyout investments by our private equity funds.
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If one or more of our managing partners or other investment professionals leave our company, the commitment periods of certain private equity funds may be terminated, and we may be in default under our credit agreement.
The governing agreements of our private equity funds provide that in the event certain key persons (such as one or more of Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan and/or certain other of our investment professionals) fail to devote the requisite time to managing the fund, the commitment period will terminate if a certain percentage in interest of the investors do not vote to continue the commitment period. This is true of Fund VI and Fund VII, on which our near- to medium-term performance will heavily depend. EPF has a similar provision. In addition to having a significant negative impact on our revenue, net income and cash flow, the occurrence of such an event with respect to any of our funds would likely result in significant reputational damage to us.
In addition, it will be an event of default under the AMH credit facility if either (i) Mr. Black, together with related persons or trusts, shall cease as a group to participate to a material extent in the beneficial ownership of AMH or (ii) two of the group constituting Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan shall cease to be actively engaged in the management of the AMH loan parties. If such an event of default occurs and the lenders exercise their right to accelerate repayment of the $1.0 billion loan, we are unlikely to have the funds to make such repayment and the lenders may take control of us, which is likely to materially adversely impact our results of operations. Even if we were able to refinance our debt, our financial condition and results of operations would be materially adversely affected.
Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan may terminate their employment with us at any time.
We may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds.
In this prospectus, we describe capital raising efforts that certain of our businesses are currently undertaking. Our funds may not be successful in consummating these capital-raising efforts or others that they may undertake, or they may consummate them at investment levels far lower than those currently anticipated. Any capital raising that our funds do consummate may be on terms that are unfavorable to us or that are otherwise different from the terms that we have been able to obtain in the past. These risks could occur for reasons beyond our control, including general economic or market conditions, regulatory changes or increased competition.
Recently, a large number of institutional investors that invest in alternative assets and have historically invested in our funds experienced negative pressure across their investment portfolios, which may affect our ability to raise capital from them. As a result of the global economic downtown during 2008 and 2009, these institutional investors experienced, among other things, a significant decline in the value of their public equity and debt holdings and a lack of realizations from their existing private equity portfolios. Consequently, many of these investors were left with disproportionately outsized remaining commitments to a number of private equity funds, and were restricted from making new commitments to third-party managed private equity funds such as those managed by us. To the extent economic conditions remain volatile and these issues persist, we may be unable to raise sufficient amounts of capital to support the investment activities of our future funds.
In addition, certain institutional investors have publicly criticized certain fund fee and expense structures, including management fees and transaction and advisory fees. Although we have no obligation to modify any of our fees with respect to our existing funds, we may experience pressure to do so in our funds. For example, we recently announced a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS, whereby we agreed to reduce management and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit.
The failure of our funds to raise capital in sufficient amounts and on satisfactory terms would result in us being unable to achieve an increase in AUM, and would have a material adverse effect on our financial condition
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and results of operations. Similarly, any modification of our existing fee arrangements or the fee structures for new funds could adversely affect our results of operations.
Third-party investors in our funds with commitment-based structures may not satisfy their contractual obligation to fund capital calls when requested by us, which could adversely affect a funds operations and performance.
Investors in all of our private equity and capital markets funds (and certain of our hedge funds) make capital commitments to those funds that we are entitled to call from those investors at any time during prescribed periods. We depend on investors fulfilling their commitments when we call capital from them in order for those funds to consummate investments and otherwise pay their obligations when due. Any investor that did not fund a capital call would be subject to several possible penalties, including having a significant amount of its existing investment forfeited in that fund. However, the impact of the penalty is directly correlated to the amount of capital previously invested by the investor in the fund and if an investor has invested little or no capital, for instance early in the life of the fund, then the forfeiture penalty may not be as meaningful. If investors were to fail to satisfy a significant amount of capital calls for any particular fund or funds, the operation and performance of those funds could be materially and adversely affected.
The historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of our funds or of our future results or of any returns expected on an investment in our Class A shares.
We have presented in this prospectus the returns relating to the historical performance of our private equity funds and capital markets funds. The returns are relevant to us primarily insofar as they are indicative of incentive income we have earned in the past and may earn in the future. The returns of the funds we manage are not, however, directly linked to returns on our Class A shares. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of the funds we manage will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in Class A shares. However, poor performance of the funds we manage will cause a decline in our revenue from such funds, and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and the value of our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds. Moreover, most of our funds have not been consolidated in our financial statements for periods since either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007 as a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds as of August 1, 2007 and November 30, 2007.
Moreover, the historical returns of our funds should not be considered indicative of the future returns of these or from any future funds we may raise, in part because:
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market conditions during previous periods were significantly more favorable for generating positive performance, particularly in our private equity business, than the market conditions we have experienced for the last year and may continue to experience for the foreseeable future; |
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our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that currently do not exist and may not repeat themselves, and there can be no assurance that our current or future funds will be able to avail themselves of profitable investment opportunities; |
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our private equity funds rates of returns, which are calculated on the basis of net asset value of the funds investments, reflect unrealized gains, which may never be realized; |
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our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that may not repeat themselves, including the availability of debt capital on attractive terms, and we may not be able to achieve the same returns or profitable investment opportunities or deploy capital as quickly; |
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the historical returns that we present in this prospectus derive largely from the performance of our earlier private equity funds, whereas future fund returns will depend increasingly on the performance of our newer funds, which may have little or no investment track record; |
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Fund VI and Fund VII are several times larger than our previous private equity funds, and we may not be able to deploy this additional capital as profitably as our prior funds; |
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the attractive returns of certain of our funds have been driven by the rapid return of invested capital, which has not occurred with respect to all of our funds and we believe is less likely to occur in the future; |
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our track record with respect to our capital markets funds is relatively short as compared to our private equity funds; |
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in recent years, there has been increased competition for private equity investment opportunities resulting from the increased amount of capital invested in private equity funds and high liquidity in debt markets; and |
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our newly established funds may generate lower returns during the period that they take to deploy their capital. |
Finally, our private equity IRRs have historically varied greatly from fund to fund. Accordingly, you should realize that the IRR going forward for any current or future fund may vary considerably from the historical IRR generated by any particular fund, or for our private equity funds as a whole. Future returns will also be affected by the risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including risks of the industries and businesses in which a particular fund invests. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds.
Our reported net asset values, rates of return and incentive income from affiliates are based in large part upon estimates of the fair value of our investments, which are based on subjective standards and may prove to be incorrect.
A large number of investments in our private equity and capital markets funds are illiquid and thus have no readily ascertainable market prices. We value these investments based on our estimate of their fair value as of the date of determination. We estimate the fair value of our investments based on third-party models, or models developed by us, which include discounted cash flow analyses and other techniques and may be based, at least in part, on independently sourced market parameters. The material estimates and assumptions used in these models include the timing and expected amount of cash flows, the appropriateness of discount rates used, and, in some cases, the ability to execute, the timing of and the estimated proceeds from expected financings. The actual results related to any particular investment often vary materially as a result of the inaccuracy of these estimates and assumptions. In addition, because many of the illiquid investments held by our funds are in industries or sectors which are unstable, in distress, or undergoing some uncertainty, such investments are subject to rapid changes in value caused by sudden company-specific or industry-wide developments.
We include the fair value of illiquid assets in the calculations of net asset values, returns of our funds and our AUM. Furthermore, we recognize incentive income from affiliates based in part on these estimated fair values. Because these valuations are inherently uncertain, they may fluctuate greatly from period to period. Also, they may vary greatly from the prices that would be obtained if the assets were to be liquidated on the date of the valuation and often do vary greatly from the prices we eventually realize.
In addition, the values of our investments in publicly traded assets are subject to significant volatility, including due to a number of factors beyond our control. These include actual or anticipated fluctuations in the quarterly and annual results of these companies or other companies in their industries, market perceptions concerning the availability of additional securities for sale, general economic, social or political developments, changes in industry conditions or government regulations, changes in management or capital structure and significant acquisitions and dispositions. Because the market prices of these securities can be volatile, the valuation of these assets will change from period to period, and the valuation for any particular period may not be realized at the time of disposition. In addition, because our private equity funds often hold very large amounts of the securities of their portfolio companies, the disposition of these securities often takes place over a long period of time, which can further expose us to volatility risk. Even if we hold a quantity of public securities that may be difficult to sell in a single transaction, we do not discount the market price of the security for purposes of our valuations.
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If we realize value on an investment that is significantly lower than the value at which it was reflected in a funds net asset values, we would suffer losses in the applicable fund. This could in turn lead to a decline in asset management fees and a loss equal to the portion of the incentive income from affiliates reported in prior periods that was not realized upon disposition. These effects could become applicable to a large number of our investments if our estimates and assumptions used in estimating their fair values differ from future valuations due to market developments. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsSegment Analysis for information related to fund activity that is no longer consolidated. If asset values turn out to be materially different than values reflected in fund net asset values, fund investors could lose confidence which could, in turn, result in redemptions from our funds that permit redemptions or difficulties in raising additional investments.
We have experienced rapid growth, which may be difficult to sustain and which may place significant demands on our administrative, operational and financial resources.
Our AUM has grown significantly in the past, despite recent declines, and we are pursuing further growth in the near future. Our rapid growth has caused, and planned growth, if successful, will continue to cause, significant demands on our legal, accounting and operational infrastructure, and increased expenses. The complexity of these demands, and the expense required to address them, is a function not simply of the amount by which our AUM has grown, but of the growth in the variety, including the differences in strategy between, and complexity of, our different funds. In addition, we are required to continuously develop our systems and infrastructure in response to the increasing sophistication of the investment management market and legal, accounting, regulatory and tax developments.
Our future growth will depend in part, on our ability to maintain an operating platform and management system sufficient to address our growth and will require us to incur significant additional expenses and to commit additional senior management and operational resources. As a result, we face significant challenges:
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in maintaining adequate financial, regulatory and business controls; |
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implementing new or updated information and financial systems and procedures; and |
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in training, managing and appropriately sizing our work force and other components of our businesses on a timely and cost-effective basis. |
We may not be able to manage our expanding operations effectively or be able to continue to grow, and any failure to do so could adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and control our expenses.
Extensive regulation of our businesses affects our activities and creates the potential for significant liabilities and penalties. The possibility of increased regulatory focus could result in additional burdens on our businesses. Changes in tax or law and other legislative or regulatory changes could adversely affect us.
Overview of Our Regulatory Environment. We are subject to extensive regulation, including periodic examinations, by governmental and self-regulatory organizations in the jurisdictions in which we operate around the world. Many of these regulators, including U.S. and foreign government agencies and self-regulatory organizations, as well as state securities commissions in the United States, are empowered to conduct investigations and administrative proceedings that can result in fines, suspensions of personnel or other sanctions, including censure, the issuance of cease-and-desist orders or the suspension or expulsion of an investment advisor from registration or memberships. Even if an investigation or proceeding did not result in a sanction or the sanction imposed against us or our personnel by a regulator were small in monetary amount, the adverse publicity relating to the investigation, proceeding or imposition of these sanctions could harm our reputation and cause us to lose existing investors or fail to gain new investors. The requirements imposed by our regulators are designed primarily to ensure the integrity of the financial markets and to protect investors in our funds and are not designed to protect our shareholders. Consequently, these regulations often serve to limit our activities.
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As a result of highly publicized financial scandals, investors have exhibited concerns over the integrity of the U.S. financial markets and the regulatory environment in which we operate both in the United States and outside the United States is particularly likely to be subject to further regulation. There has been an active debate both nationally and internationally over the appropriate extent of regulation and oversight of private investment funds and their managers. There are proposals in Congress and emanating from Treasury that would identify various kinds of private funds as being potentially systemically significant and subject to increased reporting, oversight and regulation. Any changes in the regulatory framework applicable to our businesses may impose additional expenses on us, require the attention of senior management or result in limitations in the manner in which our business is conducted. On July 21, 2010, President Obama signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, or the Dodd-Frank Act, which imposes significant new regulations on almost every aspect of the U.S. financial services industry, including aspects of our business and the markets in which we operate. Among other things, the Dodd-Frank Act requires private equity and hedge fund advisers to register with the SEC under the Investment Advisers Act, to maintain extensive records and to file reports if deemed necessary for purposes of systemic risk assessment by certain governmental bodies. Importantly, many of the provisions of the Dodd-Frank Act are subject to further rulemaking and to the discretion of regulatory bodies, such as the Financial Stability Oversight Council. As a result, we do not know exactly what the final regulations under the Dodd-Frank Act will require or how significantly the Dodd-Frank Act will affect us.
Exceptions from Certain Laws. We regularly rely on exemptions from various requirements of the Securities Act, the Exchange Act, the Investment Company Act and the Employment Retirement Income Security Act, or ERISA, in conducting our activities. These exemptions are sometimes highly complex and may in certain circumstances depend on compliance by third parties whom we do not control. If for any reason these exemptions were to become unavailable to us, we could become subject to regulatory action or third-party claims and our businesses could be materially and adversely affected. See, for example, Risks Related to Our Organization and StructureIf we were deemed an investment company under the Investment Company Act, applicable restrictions could make it impractical for us to continue our businesses as contemplated and could have a material adverse effect on our businesses and the price of our Class A shares.
Fund Regulatory Environment . The regulatory environment in which our funds operate may affect our businesses. For example, changes in antitrust laws or the enforcement of antitrust laws could affect the level of mergers and acquisitions activity, and changes in state laws may limit investment activities of state pension plans. See BusinessRegulatory and Compliance Matters for a further discussion of the regulatory environment in which we conduct our businesses.
Future Regulation . We may be adversely affected as a result of new or revised legislation or regulations imposed by the SEC, other U.S. or non-U.S. governmental regulatory authorities or self-regulatory organizations that supervise the financial markets. In January 2009, members of the Senate introduced the Hedge Fund Transparency Act (the Hedge Fund Act), which would apply to private equity funds, venture capital funds, real estate funds and other private investment vehicles with at least $50 million in assets under management. If enacted, the bill would require that such fundsin order to remain exempt from the substantive provisions of the Investment Company Actregister with the SEC, maintain books and records in accordance with SEC requirements, and become subject to SEC examinations and information requests. In addition, the Hedge Fund Act would require each fund to file annual disclosures, which would be made public, containing detailed information about the fund, most notably including the names of all beneficial owners of the fund, an explanation of the funds ownership structure and the current value of the funds assets under management. Also, the Hedge Fund Act would require each fund to establish anti-money laundering programs. We cannot predict whether this Hedge Fund Act will be enacted or, if enacted, what the final terms would require or the impact of such new regulations on our funds. If enacted, this Hedge Fund Act would likely negatively impact our funds in a number of ways, including increasing the funds regulatory costs, imposing additional burdens on the funds staff, and potentially requiring the disclosure of sensitive information. Moreover, as calls for additional regulation have increased, there may be a related increase in regulatory investigations of the trading and other investment activities of alternative asset management funds, including our funds. Such investigations may impose additional
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expenses on us, may require the attention of senior management and may result in fines if any of our funds are deemed to have violated any regulations.
In July 2009, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation that would empower federal regulators to prescribe regulations to prohibit any incentive-based payment arrangements that the regulators determine encourage financial institutions to take risks that could threaten the soundness of the financial institutions or adversely affect economic conditions and financial stability. At this time, we cannot predict whether this legislation will be enacted and, if enacted, what form it would take, what affect, if any, that it may have on our business or the markets in which we operate.
In addition, the financial industry will likely become more highly regulated in the near future in response to recent events. On June 17, 2009, the Obama Administration issued a white paper containing a series of proposals to reform the financial industry, which, if enacted, would significantly alter both how financial services and asset management firms are regulated and how they conduct their business. The House of Representatives and the Senate have separately passed legislations adopting the proposals to require advisors of most hedge funds, private equity funds and other pools of capital to register with the SEC as investment advisors under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 and to impose new record-keeping and reporting requirements on these funds (which may be similar to those requirements proposed in the Hedge Fund Transparency Act, which is discussed above). In addition, the Obama Administrations proposals would also require all OTC derivatives markets, including credit default swap markets, to be subject to increased regulation. We do not know what impact the final regulations will have on us if the proposed legislations are enacted.
We also may be adversely affected by changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules by these governmental authorities and self-regulatory organizations. New laws or regulations could make compliance more difficult and expensive and affect the manner in which we conduct business.
Apollo provides investment management services through registered investment advisers. Investment advisers are subject to extensive regulation in the United States and in the other countries in which our investment activities occur. The SEC oversees our activities as a registered investment adviser under the Investment Advisers Act of 1940. In the United Kingdom, we are subject to regulation by the U.K. Financial Services Authority. Our other European operations, and our investment activities around the globe, are subject to a variety of regulatory regimes that vary country by country. A failure to comply with the obligations imposed by regulatory regimes to which we are subject, including the Investment Advisers Act of 1940 could result in investigations, sanctions and reputational damage.
On June 30, 2010, the SEC adopted a new pay-to-play rule that restricts politically active investment advisors from managing state pension funds. The rule prohibits, among other things, a covered investment advisor from receiving compensation for advisory services provided to a government entity (such as a state pension fund) for a two-year period after the advisor, certain covered employees of the advisor or any covered political action committee controlled by the advisor or its employees makes a political contribution to certain government officials. In addition, a covered investment advisor is prohibited from engaging in political fundraising activities for certain elected officials or candidates in jurisdictions where such advisor is providing or seeking governmental business. This new rule complicates and increases the compliance burden for our investment advisors. It will be imperative for a covered investment advisor to adopt an effective compliance program in light of the substantial penalties associated with the rule.
On May 17, 2010, the European Parliaments Economic and Monetary Affairs Committee voted in favor of the draft Directive on Alternative Investment Fund Managers and the full European Parliament is expected to vote on the proposal during the fourth quarter of 2010. The directive, if adopted in the form proposed, would impose significant new regulatory requirements on investment managers operating within the EU, including with respect to conduct of business, regulatory capital, valuations, disclosures and marketing. Alternative investment funds organized outside of the EU in which interests are marketed within the EU would be subject to significant
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conditions on their operations, including satisfying the competent authority of the robustness of internal arrangements with respect to risk management, in particular liquidity risks and additional operational and counterparty risks associated with short selling; the management and disclosure of conflicts of interest; the fair valuation of assets; and the security of depository/custodial arrangements. Such rules could potentially impose significant additional costs on the operation of our business in the EU and could limit our operating flexibility within that jurisdiction.
In Denmark and Germany, legislative amendments have been adopted which may limit deductibility of interest and other financing expenses in companies in which our funds have invested or may invest in the future. In brief, the Danish legislative amendments generally entail that annual net financing expenses in excess of a certain threshold amount (approximately 2.9 million in 2010) will be limited on the basis of earnings before interest and taxes and/or asset tax values. According to the German legislative amendments, interest expenses exceeding the interest income of the same fiscal year may be deducted only up to 30% of the (adjusted) taxable earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization of the relevant German business ( Betrieb ) (subject to specific certain exemptions), while any additional non-deductible interest may, if at all, only be claimed in subsequent years. These amendments may in turn impact the profitability of companies affected by the rules. Our businesses are subject to the risk that similar measures might be introduced in other countries in which they currently have investments or plan to invest in the future, or that other legislative or regulatory measures might be promulgated in any of the countries in which we operate that adversely affect our businesses. In particular, the U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of a portion of our carried interest income as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or would have other adverse effects. Legislation that would cause us to be taxable as a corporation after the Class A shares are listed is pending in Congress. See Risks Related to Taxation and Risks Related to Our Organization and Structure. In addition, U.S. and foreign labor unions have recently been agitating for greater legislative and regulatory oversight of private equity firms and transactions. Labor unions have also threatened to use their influence to prevent pension funds from investing in private equity funds.
Antitrust Regulation. Recently, it has been reported in the press that a few of our competitors in the private equity industry have received information requests relating to private equity transactions from the Antitrust Division of the U.S. Department of Justice. In addition, the U.K. Financial Services Authority recently published a discussion paper on the impact that the growth in the private equity market has had on the markets in the United Kingdom and the suitability of its regulatory approach in addressing risks posed by the private equity market.
Use of Placement Agents. We sometimes use placement agents to assist in marketing certain of the investment funds that we manage. Various state attorneys general and federal and state agencies have initiated industry-wide investigations into the use of placement agents in connection with the solicitation of investments, particularly with respect to investments by public pension funds. Certain affiliates of Apollo have received subpoenas and other requests for information from various government regulatory agencies and investors in Apollos funds, seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. Apollo is cooperating with all such investigations and other reviews. Any unanticipated developments from these or future investigations or changes in industry practice may adversely affect our business. Even if these investigations or changes in industry practice do not directly affect our business, adverse publicity could harm our reputation, may cause us to lose existing investors or fail to gain new investors, may depress the price of our Class A shares or may have other negative consequences.
Our revenue, net income and cash flow are all highly variable, which may make it difficult for us to achieve steady earnings growth on a quarterly basis and may cause the price of our Class A shares to decline.
Our revenue, net income and cash flow are all highly variable, primarily due to the fact that carried interest from our private equity funds, which constitute the largest portion of income from our combined businesses, and the
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transaction and advisory fees that we receive can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. In addition, the investment returns of most of our funds are volatile. We may also experience fluctuations in our results from quarter to quarter and year to year due to a number of other factors, including changes in the values of our funds investments, changes in the amount of distributions, dividends or interest paid in respect of investments, changes in our operating expenses, the degree to which we encounter competition and general economic and market conditions. In addition, carried interest income from our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds is subject to contingent repayment by the general partner if, upon the final distribution, the relevant funds general partner has received cumulative carried interest on individual portfolio investments in excess of the amount of carried interest it would be entitled to from the profits calculated for all portfolio investments in the aggregate. Such variability may lead to volatility in the trading price of our Class A shares and cause our results for a particular period not to be indicative of our performance in a future period. It may be difficult for us to achieve steady growth in net income and cash flow on a quarterly basis, which could in turn lead to large adverse movements in the price of our Class A shares or increased volatility in our Class A share price generally.
The timing of carried interest generated by our private equity funds is uncertain and will contribute to the volatility of our results. Carried interest depends on our private equity funds performance. It takes a substantial period of time to identify attractive investment opportunities, to raise all the funds needed to make an investment and then to realize the cash value or other proceeds of an investment through a sale, public offering, recapitalization or other exit. Even if an investment proves to be profitable, it may be several years before any profits can be realized in cash or other proceeds. We cannot predict when, or if, any realization of investments will occur. Although we recognize carried interest income on an accrual basis, we receive private equity carried interest payments only upon disposition of an investment by the relevant fund, which contributes to the volatility of our cash flow. If we were to have a realization event in a particular quarter or year, it may have a significant impact on our results for that particular quarter or year that may not be replicated in subsequent periods. We recognize revenue on investments in our funds based on our allocable share of realized and unrealized gains (or losses) reported by such funds, and a decline in realized or unrealized gains, or an increase in realized or unrealized losses, would adversely affect our revenue, which could further increase the volatility of our results.
With respect to most of our capital markets funds, our incentive income is paid annually, semi-annually or quarterly, and the varying frequency of these payments will contribute to the volatility of our revenues and cash flow. Furthermore, we earn this incentive income only if the net asset value of a fund has increased or, in the case of certain funds, increased beyond a particular threshold. Our distressed and hedge funds also have high water marks with respect to the investors in these funds. If the high water mark for a particular investor is not surpassed, we would not earn incentive income with respect to such investor during a particular period even though such investor had positive returns in such period as a result of losses in prior periods. If such an investor experiences losses, we will not be able to earn incentive income from such investor until it surpasses the previous high water mark. The incentive income we earn is therefore dependent on the net asset value of investors investments in the fund, which could lead to significant volatility in our results.
Because our revenue, net income and cash flow can be highly variable from quarter to quarter and year to year, we plan not to provide any guidance regarding our expected quarterly and annual operating results. The lack of guidance may affect the expectations of public market analysts and could cause increased volatility in our Class A share price.
The investment management business is intensely competitive, which could materially adversely impact us.
Over the past several years, the size and number of private equity funds and capital markets funds has continued to increase. If this trend continues, it is possible that it will become increasingly difficult for our funds to raise capital as funds compete for investments from a limited number of qualified investors. As the size and number of private equity and capital markets funds increase, it could become more difficult to win attractive investment opportunities at favorable prices. Due to the global economic downturn and generally poor returns in alternative asset investment businesses recently, institutional investors have suffered from decreasing returns,
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liquidity pressure, increased volatility and difficulty maintaining targeted asset allocations, and a significant number of investors have materially decreased or temporarily stopped making new fund investments during this period. As the economy begins to recover, such investors may elect to reduce their overall portfolio allocations to alternative investments such as private equity and hedge funds, resulting in a smaller overall pool of available capital in our industry. Even if such investors continue to invest at historic levels, they may seek to negotiate reduced fee structures or other modifications to fund structures as a condition to investing.
In the event all or part of this analysis proves true, when trying to raise new capital we will be competing for fewer total available assets in an increasingly competitive environment which could lead to fee reductions and redemptions as well as difficulty in raising new capital. Such changes would adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
Competition among private equity funds and capital markets funds is based on a variety of factors, including:
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investment performance; |
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investor liquidity and willingness to invest; |
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investor perception of investment managers drive, focus and alignment of interest; |
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quality of service provided to and duration of relationship with investors; |
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business reputation; and |
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the level of fees and expenses charged for services. |
We compete in all aspects of our businesses with a large number of investment management firms, private equity fund sponsors, capital markets fund sponsors and other financial institutions. A number of factors serve to increase our competitive risks:
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fund investors may develop concerns that we will allow a business to grow to the detriment of its performance; |
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investors may reduce their investments in our funds or not make additional investments in our funds based upon current market conditions, their available capital or their perception of the health of our businesses; |
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some of our competitors have greater capital, lower targeted returns or greater sector or investment strategy-specific expertise than we do, which creates competitive disadvantages with respect to investment opportunities; |
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some of our competitors may also have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to us, which may create competitive disadvantages for us with respect to investment opportunities; |
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some of our competitors may perceive risk differently than we do, which could allow them either to outbid us for investments in particular sectors or, generally, to consider a wider variety of investments; |
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some of our funds may not perform as well as competitors funds or other available investment products; |
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our competitors that are corporate buyers may be able to achieve synergistic cost savings in respect of an investment, which may provide them with a competitive advantage in bidding for an investment; |
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some fund investors may prefer to invest with an investment manager that is not publicly traded; |
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there are relatively few barriers to entry impeding new private equity and capital markets fund management firms, and the successful efforts of new entrants into our various businesses, including |
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former star portfolio managers at large diversified financial institutions as well as such institutions themselves, will continue to result in increased competition; |
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there are no barriers to entry to our businesses, implementing an integrated platform similar to ours or the strategies that we deploy at our funds, such as distressed investing, which we believe are our competitive strengths, except that our competitors would need to hire professionals with the investment expertise or grow it internally; and |
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other industry participants continuously seek to recruit our investment professionals away from us. |
In addition, private equity and capital markets fund managers have each increasingly adopted investment strategies traditionally associated with the other. Capital markets funds have become active in taking control positions in companies, while private equity funds have assumed minority positions in publicly listed companies. This convergence could heighten our competitive risk by expanding the range of asset managers seeking private equity investments and making it more difficult for us to differentiate ourselves from managers of capital markets funds.
These and other factors could reduce our earnings and revenues and materially adversely affect our businesses. In addition, if we are forced to compete with other alternative asset managers on the basis of price, we may not be able to maintain our current management fee and incentive income structures. We have historically competed primarily on the performance of our funds, and not on the level of our fees or incentive income relative to those of our competitors. However, there is a risk that fees and incentive income in the alternative investment management industry will decline, without regard to the historical performance of a manager. Fee or incentive income reductions on existing or future funds, without corresponding decreases in our cost structure, would adversely affect our revenues and profitability.
Our ability to retain our investment professionals is critical to our success and our ability to grow depends on our ability to attract additional key personnel.
Our success depends on our ability to retain our investment professionals and recruit additional qualified personnel. We anticipate that it will be necessary for us to add investment professionals as we pursue our growth strategy. However, we may not succeed in recruiting additional personnel or retaining current personnel, as the market for qualified investment professionals is extremely competitive. Our investment professionals possess substantial experience and expertise in investing, are responsible for locating and executing our funds investments, have significant relationships with the institutions that are the source of many of our funds investment opportunities, and in certain cases have key relationships with our fund investors. Therefore, if our investment professionals join competitors or form competing companies it could result in the loss of significant investment opportunities and certain existing fund investors. Legislation has been proposed in the U.S. Congress to treat portions of carried interest as ordinary income rather than as capital gain for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Because we compensate our investment professionals in large part by giving them an equity interest in our business or a right to receive carried interest, such legislation could adversely affect our ability to recruit, retain and motivate our current and future investment professionals. See Risks Related to TaxationOur structure involves complex provisions of U.S. Federal income tax law for which no clear precedent or authority may be available. Our structure is also subject to potential legislative, judicial or administrative change and differing interpretations, possibly on a retroactive basis and Risks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects. The loss of even a small number of our investment professionals could jeopardize the performance of our funds, which would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Efforts to retain or attract investment professionals may result in significant additional expenses, which could adversely affect our profitability.
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Our sale of equity interests to the public may harm our ability to provide equity compensation to investment professionals, which could make it more difficult to attract and retain them and could harm aspects of our business.
We might not be able to provide investment professionals with equity interests in our business to the same extent or with the same tax consequences as we did prior to the Private Offering Transactions. Therefore, in order to recruit and retain existing and future investment professionals, we may need to increase the level of compensation that we pay to them. Accordingly, as we promote or hire new investment professionals over time, we may increase the level of compensation we pay to our investment professionals, which would cause our total employee compensation and benefits expense as a percentage of our total revenue to increase and adversely affect our profitability. In addition, any issuance of equity interests in our business to investment professionals would dilute the holders of Class A shares.
We strive to maintain a work environment that reinforces our culture of collaboration, motivation and alignment of interests with investors. The effects of becoming public, including potential changes in our compensation structure, could adversely affect this culture. If we do not continue to develop and implement the right processes and tools to manage our changing enterprise and maintain this culture, our ability to compete successfully and achieve our business objectives could be impaired, which could negatively impact our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We may not be successful in expanding into new investment strategies, markets and businesses.
We actively consider the opportunistic expansion of our businesses, both geographically and into complementary new investment strategies. We may not be successful in any such attempted expansion. Attempts to expand our businesses involve a number of special risks, including some or all of the following:
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the diversion of managements attention from our core businesses; |
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the disruption of our ongoing businesses; |
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entry into markets or businesses in which we may have limited or no experience; |
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increasing demands on our operational systems; |
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potential increase in investor concentration; and |
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the broadening of our geographic footprint, increasing the risks associated with conducting operations in foreign jurisdictions. |
Additionally, any expansion of our businesses could result in significant increases in our outstanding indebtedness and debt service requirements, which would increase the risks in investing in our Class A shares and may adversely impact our results of operations and financial condition.
We also may not be successful in identifying new investment strategies or geographic markets that increase our profitability, or in identifying and acquiring new businesses that increase our profitability. Because we have not yet identified these potential new investment strategies, geographic markets or businesses, we cannot identify for you all the risks we may face and the potential adverse consequences on us and your investment that may result from our attempted expansion. We also do not know how long it may take for us to expand, if we do so at all. We have total discretion, at the direction of our manager, without needing to seek approval from our board of directors or shareholders, to enter into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses, other than expansions involving transactions with affiliates which may require limited board approval.
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Many of our funds invest in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets and we may fail to realize any profits from these activities for a considerable period of time or lose some or all of the principal amount we invest in these activities.
Many of our funds invest in securities that are not publicly traded. In many cases, our funds may be prohibited by contract or by applicable securities laws from selling such securities for a period of time. Our funds will generally not be able to sell these securities publicly unless their sale is registered under applicable securities laws, or unless an exemption from such registration requirements is available. Accordingly, our funds may be forced, under certain conditions, to sell securities at a loss. The ability of many of our funds, particularly our private equity funds, to dispose of investments is heavily dependent on the public equity markets, inasmuch as the ability to realize value from an investment may depend upon the ability to complete an initial public offering of the portfolio company in which such investment is held. Furthermore, large holdings even of publicly traded equity securities can often be disposed of only over a substantial period of time, exposing the investment returns to risks of downward movement in market prices during the disposition period.
Dependence on significant leverage in investments by our funds could adversely affect our ability to achieve attractive rates of return on those investments.
Because many of our private equity funds investments rely heavily on the use of leverage, our ability to achieve attractive rates of return on investments will depend on our continued ability to access sufficient sources of indebtedness at attractive rates. For example, in many private equity investments, indebtedness may constitute 70% or more of a portfolio companys total debt and equity capitalization, including debt that may be incurred in connection with the investment, and a portfolio companys leverage will often increase in recapitalization transactions subsequent to the companys acquisition by a private equity fund. The absence of available sources of senior debt financing for extended periods of time could therefore materially and adversely affect our private equity funds. An increase in either the general levels of interest rates or in the risk spread demanded by sources of indebtedness would make it more expensive to finance those investments. Increases in interest rates could also make it more difficult to locate and consummate private equity investments because other potential buyers, including operating companies acting as strategic buyers, may be able to bid for an asset at a higher price due to a lower overall cost of capital. In addition, a portion of the indebtedness used to finance private equity investments often includes high-yield debt securities issued in the capital markets. Availability of capital from the high-yield debt markets is subject to significant volatility, and there may be times when we might not be able to access those markets at attractive rates, or at all. For example, the dislocation in the credit markets which we believe began in July 2007 and the record backlog of supply in the debt markets resulting from such dislocation has materially affected the ability and willingness of banks to underwrite new high-yield debt securities.
Investments in highly leveraged entities are inherently more sensitive to declines in revenues, increases in expenses and interest rates and adverse economic, market and industry developments. The incurrence of a significant amount of indebtedness by an entity could, among other things:
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give rise to an obligation to make mandatory prepayments of debt using excess cash flow, which might limit the entitys ability to respond to changing industry conditions to the extent additional cash is needed for the response, to make unplanned but necessary capital expenditures or to take advantage of growth opportunities; |
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allow even moderate reductions in operating cash flow to render it unable to service its indebtedness, leading to a bankruptcy or other reorganization of the entity and a loss of part or all of the equity investment in it; |
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limit the entitys ability to adjust to changing market conditions, thereby placing it at a competitive disadvantage compared to its competitors who have relatively less debt; |
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limit the entitys ability to engage in strategic acquisitions that might be necessary to generate attractive returns or further growth; and |
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limit the entitys ability to obtain additional financing or increase the cost of obtaining such financing, including for capital expenditures, working capital or general corporate purposes. |
As a result, the risk of loss associated with a leveraged entity is generally greater than for companies with comparatively less debt. For example, many investments consummated by private equity sponsors during the past three years which utilized significant amounts of leverage are experiencing severe economic stress and may default on their debt obligations due to a decrease in revenues and cash flow precipitated by the recent economic downturn.
When our private equity funds existing portfolio investments reach the point when debt incurred to finance those investments matures in significant amounts and must be either repaid or refinanced, those investments may materially suffer if they have generated insufficient cash flow to repay maturing debt and there is insufficient capacity and availability in the financing markets to permit them to refinance maturing debt on satisfactory terms, or at all. If the current unusually limited availability of financing for such purposes were to persist for several years, when significant amounts of the debt incurred to finance our private equity funds existing portfolio investments start to come due, these funds could be materially and adversely affected.
Our capital markets funds may choose to use leverage as part of their respective investment programs and regularly borrow a substantial amount of their capital. The use of leverage poses a significant degree of risk and enhances the possibility of a significant loss in the value of the investment portfolio. The fund may borrow money from time to time to purchase or carry securities. The interest expense and other costs incurred in connection with such borrowing may not be recovered by appreciation in the securities purchased or carried, and will be lostand the timing and magnitude of such losses may be accelerated or exacerbatedin the event of a decline in the market value of such securities. Gains realized with borrowed funds may cause the funds net asset value to increase at a faster rate than would be the case without borrowings. However, if investment results fail to cover the cost of borrowings, the funds net asset value could also decrease faster than if there had been no borrowings. In addition, as a business development company under the Investment Company Act, AIC is permitted to issue senior securities in amounts such that its asset coverage ratio equals at least 200% after each issuance of senior securities. AICs ability to pay dividends will be restricted if its asset coverage ratio falls below at least 200% and any amounts that it uses to service its indebtedness are not available for dividends to its common stockholders. An increase in interest rates could also decrease the value of fixed-rate debt investments that our funds make. Any of the foregoing circumstances could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow.
The requirements of being a public entity may strain our resources.
Once the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part becomes effective, we will be subject to the reporting requirements of the Exchange Act and requirements of the U.S. Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or the Sarbanes-Oxley Act. These requirements may place a strain on our systems and resources. The Exchange Act requires that we file annual, quarterly and current reports with respect to our businesses and financial condition. The Sarbanes-Oxley Act requires that we maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures and internal controls over financial reporting, which is discussed below. In order to maintain and improve the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures, significant resources and management oversight will be required. We have not had to prepare and file such reports in the past. We will be implementing additional procedures and processes for the purpose of addressing the standards and requirements applicable to public companies. We expect to incur significant additional annual expenses related to these steps and, among other things, additional directors and officers liability insurance, director fees, reporting requirements of the SEC, transfer agent fees, hiring additional accounting, legal and administrative personnel, increased auditing and legal fees and similar expenses.
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Our internal control over financial reporting does not currently meet all of the standards contemplated by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and failure to achieve and maintain effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act could have a material adverse effect on our businesses and stock price.
We have not previously been required to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, including the internal control evaluation and certification requirement of Section 404 of that statute, and we will not be required to comply with all those requirements until after we have been subject to the requirements of the Exchange Act for a specified period. We are in the process of addressing our internal control over, and policies and processes related to, financial reporting and the identification of key financial reporting risks, assessment of their potential impact and linkage of those risks to specific areas and activities within our organization.
We have begun the process of documenting and evaluating our internal control procedures pursuant to the requirements of Section 404, which requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting and a report by our independent registered public accounting firm addressing these assessments. If we are not able to implement the requirements of Section 404 in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, our independent registered public accounting firm may not be able to certify as to the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. Matters impacting our internal controls may cause us to be unable to report our financial information on a timely basis and thereby subject us to adverse regulatory consequences, including sanctions by the SEC or violations of applicable stock exchange listing rules, and result in a breach of the covenants under the AMH credit facility. There could also be a negative reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of investor confidence in us and the reliability of our financial statements. Confidence in the reliability of our financial statements is also likely to suffer if our independent registered public accounting firm reports a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. This could materially adversely affect us and lead to a decline in our share price. In addition, we will incur incremental costs in order to improve our internal control over financial reporting and comply with Section 404, including increased auditing and legal fees and costs associated with hiring additional accounting and administrative staff. These costs will be significant and are not reflected in our financial statements.
The potential requirement to convert our financial statements from being prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America to International Financial Reporting Standards may strain our resources and increase our annual expenses.
As a public entity, the SEC may require in the future that we report our financial results under International Financial Reporting Standards, or IFRS, instead of under U.S. GAAP. IFRS is a set of accounting principles that has been gaining acceptance on a worldwide basis. These standards are published by the London-based International Accounting Standards Board, or IASB, and are more focused on objectives and principles and less reliant on detailed rules than U.S. GAAP. Today, there remain significant and material differences in several key areas between U.S. GAAP and IFRS which would affect Apollo. Additionally, U.S. GAAP provides specific guidance in classes of accounting transactions for which equivalent guidance in IFRS does not exist. The adoption of IFRS is highly complex and would have an impact on many aspects and operations of Apollo, including but not limited to financial accounting and reporting systems, internal controls, taxes, borrowing covenants and cash management. It is expected that a significant amount of time, internal and external resources and expenses over a multi-year period would be required for this conversion.
Operational risks relating to the execution, confirmation or settlement of transactions, our dependence on our headquarters in New York City and third-party providers may disrupt our businesses, result in losses or limit our growth.
We face operational risk from errors made in the execution, confirmation or settlement of transactions. We also face operational risk from transactions not being properly recorded, evaluated or accounted for in our funds. In particular, our credit-oriented capital markets business is highly dependent on our ability to process and evaluate, on a daily basis, transactions across markets and geographies in a time-sensitive, efficient and accurate
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manner. Consequently, we rely heavily on our financial, accounting and other data processing systems. New investment products we may introduce could create a significant risk that our existing systems may not be adequate to identify or control the relevant risks in the investment strategies employed by such new investment products. In addition, our information systems and technology might not be able to accommodate our growth, and the cost of maintaining such systems might increase from its current level. These risks could cause us to suffer financial loss, a disruption of our businesses, liability to our funds, regulatory intervention and reputational damage.
Furthermore, we depend on our headquarters, which is located in New York City, for the operation of many of our businesses. A disaster or a disruption in the infrastructure that supports our businesses, including a disruption involving electronic communications or other services used by us or third parties with whom we conduct business, or directly affecting our headquarters, may have an adverse impact on our ability to continue to operate our businesses without interruption which could have a material adverse effect on us. Although we have disaster recovery programs in place, these may not be sufficient to mitigate the harm that may result from such a disaster or disruption. In addition, insurance and other safeguards might only partially reimburse us for our losses.
Finally, we rely on third-party service providers for certain aspects of our businesses, including for certain information systems, technology and administration of our funds and compliance matters. Any interruption or deterioration in the performance of these third parties could impair the quality of the funds operations and could impact our reputation and adversely affect our businesses and limit our ability to grow.
We derive a substantial portion of our revenues from funds managed pursuant to management agreements that may be terminated or fund partnership agreements that permit fund investors to request liquidation of investments in our funds on short notice.
The terms of our funds generally give either the general partner of the fund or the funds board of directors the right to terminate our investment management agreement with the fund. However, insofar as we control the general partner of our funds that are limited partnerships, the risk of termination of investment management agreement for such funds is limited, subject to our fiduciary or contractual duties as general partner. This risk is more significant for certain of our capital markets funds, which have independent boards of directors.
With respect to our funds that are subject to the Investment Company Act, each funds investment management agreement must be approved annually by such funds board of directors or by the vote of a majority of the shareholders and the majority of the independent members of such funds board of directors and, as required by law. The funds investment management agreement can also be terminated by the majority of the shareholders. Termination of these agreements would reduce the fees we earn from the relevant funds, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations. Currently, AIC is the only Apollo fund that is subject to these provisions of the Investment Company Act, as it has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act.
In addition, in connection with the deconsolidation of certain of our private equity and capital markets funds, the governing documents of those funds were amended to provide that a simple majority of a funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund, which would cause management fees and incentive income to terminate. Our ability to realize incentive income from such funds also would be adversely affected if we are required to liquidate fund investments at a time when market conditions result in our obtaining less for investments than could be obtained at later times. Because this right is a new one, we do not know whether, and under what circumstances, the investors in our funds are likely to exercise such right.
In addition, the management agreements of our funds would terminate if we were to experience a change of control without obtaining investor consent. Such a change of control could be deemed to occur in the event our managing partners exchange enough of their interests in the Apollo Operating Group into our Class A shares such that our managing partners no longer own a controlling interest in us. We cannot be certain that consents
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required for the assignment of our management agreements will be obtained if such a deemed change of control occurs. Termination of these agreements would affect the fees we earn from the relevant funds and the transaction and advisory fees we earn from the underlying portfolio companies, which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Our use of leverage to finance our businesses will expose us to substantial risks, which are exacerbated by our funds use of leverage to finance investments.
We have a term loan outstanding under the AMH credit facility. We may choose to finance our business operations through further borrowings. Our existing and future indebtedness exposes us to the typical risks associated with the use of leverage, including those discussed below under Dependence on significant leverage in investments by our funds could adversely affect our ability to achieve attractive rates of return on those investments. These risks are exacerbated by certain of our funds use of leverage to finance investments and, if they were to occur, could cause us to suffer a decline in the credit ratings assigned to our debt by rating agencies, which might result in an increase in our borrowing costs or result in other material adverse effects on our businesses.
Borrowings under the AMH credit facility mature on April 20, 2014. As these borrowings and other indebtedness matures, we will be required to either refinance them by entering into new facilities, which could result in higher borrowing costs, or issuing equity, which would dilute existing shareholders. We could also repay them by using cash on hand or cash from the sale of our assets. We could have difficulty entering into new facilities or issuing equity in the future on attractive terms, or at all.
Borrowings under the AMH credit facility are either LIBOR or ABR-based floating-rate obligations. As a result, an increase in short-term interest rates will increase our interest costs to the extent such borrowings have not been hedged into fixed rates.
We are subject to third-party litigation that could result in significant liabilities and reputational harm, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity.
In general, we will be exposed to risk of litigation by our investors if our management of any fund is alleged to constitute bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud, willful or reckless disregard for our duties to the fund or other forms of misconduct. Investors could sue us to recover amounts lost by our funds due to our alleged misconduct, up to the entire amount of loss. Further, we may be subject to litigation arising from investor dissatisfaction with the performance of our funds or from allegations that we improperly exercised control or influence over companies in which our funds have large investments. By way of example, we, our funds and certain of our employees are each exposed to the risks of litigation relating to investment activities in our funds and actions taken by the officers and directors (some of whom may be Apollo employees) of portfolio companies, such as the risk of shareholder litigation by other shareholders of public companies in which our funds have large investments. We are also exposed to risks of litigation or investigation relating to transactions that presented conflicts of interest that were not properly addressed. In addition, our rights to indemnification by the funds we manage may not be upheld if challenged, and our indemnification rights generally do not cover bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud, willful or reckless disregard for our duties to the fund or other forms of misconduct. If we are required to incur all or a portion of the costs arising out of litigation or investigations as a result of inadequate insurance proceeds or failure to obtain indemnification from our funds, our results of operations, financial condition and liquidity would be materially adversely affected.
In addition, with a workforce that includes many very highly paid investment professionals, we face the risk of lawsuits relating to claims for compensation, which may individually or in the aggregate be significant in amount. Such claims are more likely to occur in the current environment where individual employees may experience significant volatility in their year-to-year compensation due to trading performance or other issues and in situations where previously highly compensated employees were terminated for performance or efficiency reasons. The cost of settling such claims could adversely affect our results of operations.
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If any lawsuits brought against us were to result in a finding of substantial legal liability, the lawsuit could, in addition to any financial damage, cause significant reputational harm to us, which could seriously harm our business. We depend to a large extent on our business relationships and our reputation for integrity and high-caliber professional services to attract and retain investors and to pursue investment opportunities for our funds. As a result, allegations of improper conduct by private litigants or regulators, whether the ultimate outcome is favorable or unfavorable to us, as well as negative publicity and press speculation about us, our investment activities or the private equity industry in general, whether or not valid, may harm our reputation, which may be more damaging to our business than to other types of businesses.
Our failure to deal appropriately with conflicts of interest could damage our reputation and adversely affect our businesses.
As we have expanded and as we continue to expand the number and scope of our businesses, we increasingly confront potential conflicts of interest relating to our funds investment activities. Certain of our funds may have overlapping investment objectives, including funds that have different fee structures, and potential conflicts may arise with respect to our decisions regarding how to allocate investment opportunities among those funds. For example, a decision to acquire material non-public information about a company while pursuing an investment opportunity for a particular fund gives rise to a potential conflict of interest when it results in our having to restrict the ability of other funds to take any action. In addition, fund investors (or holders of Class A shares) may perceive conflicts of interest regarding investment decisions for funds in which our managing partners, who have and may continue to make significant personal investments in a variety of Apollo funds, are personally invested. Similarly, conflicts of interest may exist in the valuation of our investments and regarding decisions about the allocation of specific investment opportunities among us and our funds and the allocation of fees and costs among us, our funds and their portfolio companies.
Pursuant to the terms of our operating agreement, whenever a potential conflict of interest exists or arises between any of the managing partners, one or more directors or their respective affiliates, on the one hand, and us, any of our subsidiaries or any shareholder other than a managing partner, on the other, any resolution or course of action by our board of directors shall be permitted and deemed approved by all shareholders if the resolution or course of action (i) has been specifically approved by a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting shares (excluding voting shares owned by our manager or its affiliates) or by a conflicts committee of the board of directors composed entirely of one or more independent directors, (ii) is on terms no less favorable to us or our shareholders (other than a managing partner) than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties or (iii) it is fair and reasonable to us and our shareholders taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved. All conflicts of interest described in this prospectus will be deemed to have been specifically approved by all shareholders. Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is possible that potential or perceived conflicts could give rise to investor dissatisfaction or litigation or regulatory enforcement actions. Appropriately dealing with conflicts of interest is complex and difficult and our reputation could be damaged if we fail, or appear to fail, to deal appropriately with one or more potential or actual conflicts of interest. Regulatory scrutiny of, or litigation in connection with, conflicts of interest would have a material adverse effect on our reputation which would materially adversely affect our businesses in a number of ways, including as a result of redemptions by our investors from our funds, an inability to raise additional funds and a reluctance of counterparties to do business with us.
Our organizational documents do not limit our ability to enter into new lines of businesses, and we may expand into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses, each of which may result in additional risks and uncertainties in our businesses.
We intend, to the extent that market conditions warrant, to grow our businesses by increasing AUM in existing businesses and expanding into new investment strategies, geographic markets and businesses. Our organizational documents, however, do not limit us to the investment management business. Accordingly, we may pursue growth through acquisitions of other investment management companies, acquisitions of critical
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business partners or other strategic initiatives, which may include entering into new lines of business, such as the insurance, broker-dealer or financial advisory industries. In addition, we expect opportunities will arise to acquire other alternative or traditional asset managers. To the extent we make strategic investments or acquisitions, undertake other strategic initiatives or enter into a new line of business, we will face numerous risks and uncertainties, including risks associated with (i) the required investment of capital and other resources, (ii) the possibility that we have insufficient expertise to engage in such activities profitably or without incurring inappropriate amounts of risk, (iii) combining or integrating operational and management systems and controls and (iv) the broadening of our geographic footprint, including the risks associated with conducting operations in foreign jurisdictions. Entry into certain lines of business may subject us to new laws and regulations with which we are not familiar, or from which we are currently exempt, and may lead to increased litigation and regulatory risk. If a new business generates insufficient revenues or if we are unable to efficiently manage our expanded operations, our results of operations will be adversely affected. Our strategic initiatives may include joint ventures, in which case we will be subject to additional risks and uncertainties in that we may be dependent upon, and subject to liability, losses or reputational damage relating to, systems, controls and personnel that are not under our control.
Employee misconduct could harm us by impairing our ability to attract and retain investors and by subjecting us to significant legal liability, regulatory scrutiny and reputational harm.
Our reputation is critical to maintaining and developing relationships with the investors in our funds, potential fund investors and third parties with whom we do business. In recent years, there have been a number of highly publicized cases involving fraud, conflicts of interest or other misconduct by individuals in the financial services industry. There is a risk that our employees could engage in misconduct that adversely affects our businesses. For example, if an employee were to engage in illegal or suspicious activities, we could be subject to regulatory sanctions and suffer serious harm to our reputation, financial position, investor relationships and ability to attract future investors. It is not always possible to deter employee misconduct, and the precautions we take to detect and prevent this activity may not be effective in all cases. Misconduct by our employees, or even unsubstantiated allegations, could result in a material adverse effect on our reputation and our businesses.
The due diligence process that we undertake in connection with investments by our funds may not reveal all facts that may be relevant in connection with an investment.
Before making investments in private equity and other investments, we conduct due diligence that we deem reasonable and appropriate based on the facts and circumstances applicable to each investment. When conducting due diligence, we may be required to evaluate important and complex business, financial, tax, accounting, environmental and legal issues. Outside consultants, legal advisors, accountants and investment banks may be involved in the due diligence process in varying degrees depending on the type of investment. Nevertheless, when conducting due diligence and making an assessment regarding an investment, we rely on the resources available to us, including information provided by the target of the investment and, in some circumstances, third-party investigations. The due diligence investigation that we will carry out with respect to any investment opportunity may not reveal or highlight all relevant facts that may be necessary or helpful in evaluating such investment opportunity. Moreover, such an investigation will not necessarily result in the investment being successful.
Certain of our funds utilize special situation and distressed debt investment strategies that involve significant risks.
Our funds often invest in obligors and issuers with weak financial conditions, poor operating results, substantial financial needs, negative net worth and/or special competitive problems. These funds also invest in obligors and issuers that are involved in bankruptcy or reorganization proceedings. In such situations, it may be difficult to obtain full information as to the exact financial and operating conditions of these obligors and issuers. Additionally, the fair values of such investments are subject to abrupt and erratic market movements and significant price volatility if they are publicly traded securities, and are subject to significant uncertainty in
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general if they are not publicly traded securities. Furthermore, some of our funds distressed investments may not be widely traded or may have no recognized market. A funds exposure to such investments may be substantial in relation to the market for those investments, and the assets are likely to be illiquid and difficult to sell or transfer. As a result, it may take a number of years for the market value of such investments to ultimately reflect their intrinsic value as perceived by us.
A central feature of our distressed investment strategy is our ability to successfully predict the occurrence of certain corporate events, such as debt and/or equity offerings, restructurings, reorganizations, mergers, takeover offers and other transactions, that we believe will improve the condition of the business. If the corporate event we predict is delayed, changed or never completed, the market price and value of the applicable funds investment could decline sharply.
In addition, these investments could subject us to certain potential additional liabilities that may exceed the value of our original investment. Under certain circumstances, payments or distributions on certain investments may be reclaimed if any such payment or distribution is later determined to have been a fraudulent conveyance, a preferential payment or similar transaction under applicable bankruptcy and insolvency laws. In addition, under certain circumstances, a lender that has inappropriately exercised control of the management and policies of a debtor may have its claims subordinated or disallowed, or may be found liable for damages suffered by parties as a result of such actions. In the case where the investment in securities of troubled companies is made in connection with an attempt to influence a restructuring proposal or plan of reorganization in bankruptcy, our funds may become involved in substantial litigation.
We often pursue investment opportunities that involve business, regulatory, legal or other complexities.
As an element of our investment style, we often pursue unusually complex investment opportunities. This can often take the form of substantial business, regulatory or legal complexity that would deter other investment managers. Our tolerance for complexity presents risks, as such transactions can be more difficult, expensive and time-consuming to finance and execute; it can be more difficult to manage or realize value from the assets acquired in such transactions; and such transactions sometimes entail a higher level of regulatory scrutiny or a greater risk of contingent liabilities. Any of these risks could harm the performance of our funds.
Our funds make investments in companies that we do not control.
Investments by our capital markets funds (and, in certain instances, our private equity funds) will include debt instruments and equity securities of companies that we do not control. Such instruments and securities may be acquired by our funds through trading activities or through purchases of securities from the issuer. In the future, our private equity funds may seek to acquire minority equity interests more frequently and may also dispose of a portion of their majority equity investments in portfolio companies over time in a manner that results in the funds retaining a minority investment. Those investments will be subject to the risk that the company in which the investment is made may make business, financial or management decisions with which we do not agree or that the majority stakeholders or the management of the company may take risks or otherwise act in a manner that does not serve our interests. If any of the foregoing were to occur, the values of investments by our funds could decrease and our financial condition, results of operations and cash flow could suffer as a result.
Our funds may face risks relating to undiversified investments.
While diversification is generally an objective of our funds, we cannot give assurance as to the degree of diversification that will actually be achieved in any fund investments. Because a significant portion of a funds capital may be invested in a single investment or portfolio company, a loss with respect to such investment or portfolio company could have a significant adverse impact on such funds capital. This risk is exacerbated by co-investments that we cause AAA to undertake. Accordingly, a lack of diversification on the part of a fund could adversely affect a funds performance and therefore, our financial condition and results of operations.
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Some of our funds invest in foreign countries and securities of issuers located outside of the United States, which may involve foreign exchange, political, social and economic uncertainties and risks.
Some of our funds invest a portion of their assets in the equity, debt, loans or other securities of issuers located outside the United States, including, Germany, China and Singapore. In addition to business uncertainties, such investments may be affected by changes in exchange values as well as political, social and economic uncertainty affecting a country or region. Many financial markets are not as developed or as efficient as those in the United States, and as a result, liquidity may be reduced and price volatility may be higher. The legal and regulatory environment may also be different, particularly with respect to bankruptcy and reorganization. Financial accounting standards and practices may differ, and there may be less publicly available information in respect of such companies.
Restrictions imposed or actions taken by foreign governments may adversely impact the value of our fund investments. Such restrictions or actions could include exchange controls, seizure or nationalization of foreign deposits or other assets and adoption of other governmental restrictions that adversely affect the prices of securities or the ability to repatriate profits on investments or the capital invested itself. Income received by our funds from sources in some countries may be reduced by withholding and other taxes. Any such taxes paid by a fund will reduce the net income or return from such investments. While our funds will take these factors into consideration in making investment decisions, including when hedging positions, our funds may not be able to fully avoid these risks or generate sufficient risk-adjusted returns.
Third-party investors in our funds will have the right under certain circumstances to terminate commitment periods or to dissolve the funds, and investors in our hedge funds may redeem their investments in our hedge funds at any time after an initial holding period of 12 to 36 months. These events would lead to a decrease in our revenues, which could be substantial.
The governing agreements of certain of our funds allow the limited partners of those funds to (i) terminate the commitment period of the fund in the event that certain key persons (for example, one or more of our managing partners and/or certain other investment professionals) fail to devote the requisite time to managing the fund, (ii) (depending on the fund) terminate the commitment period, dissolve the fund or remove the general partner if we, as general partner or manager, or certain key persons engage in certain forms of misconduct, or (iii) dissolve the fund or terminate the commitment period upon the affirmative vote of a specified percentage of limited partner interests entitled to vote. Both Fund VI and Fund VII, on which our near- to medium-term performance will heavily depend, include a number of such provisions. Also, in order to deconsolidate most of our funds for financial reporting purposes, we amended the governing documents of those funds to provide that a simple majority of a funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund. In addition to having a significant negative impact on our revenue, net income and cash flow, the occurrence of such an event with respect to any of our funds would likely result in significant reputational damage to us.
Investors in our hedge funds may also generally redeem their investments on an annual, semiannual or quarterly basis following the expiration of a specified period of time when capital may not be redeemed (typically between one and five years). Fund investors may decide to move their capital away from us to other investments for any number of reasons in addition to poor investment performance. Factors which could result in investors leaving our funds include changes in interest rates that make other investments more attractive, changes in investor perception regarding our focus or alignment of interest, unhappiness with changes in or broadening of a funds investment strategy, changes in our reputation and departures or changes in responsibilities of key investment professionals. In a declining market, the pace of redemptions and consequent reduction in our Assets Under Management could accelerate. The decrease in revenues that would result from significant redemptions in these funds could have a material adverse effect on our businesses, revenues, net income and cash flows.
In addition, the management agreements of all of our funds would be terminated upon an assignment, without the requisite consent, of these agreements, which may be deemed to occur in the event the investment advisers of our funds were to experience a change of control. We cannot be certain that consents required to
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assignments of our investment management agreements will be obtained if a change of control occurs. In addition, with respect to our publicly traded closed-end mezzanine funds, each funds investment management agreement must be approved annually by the independent members of such funds board of directors and, in certain cases, by its stockholders, as required by law. Termination of these agreements would cause us to lose the fees we earn from such funds.
Our financial projections for portfolio companies could prove inaccurate.
Our funds generally establish the capital structure of portfolio companies on the basis of financial projections for such portfolio companies. These projected operating results will normally be based primarily on management judgments. In all cases, projections are only estimates of future results that are based upon assumptions made at the time that the projections are developed. General economic conditions, which are not predictable, along with other factors may cause actual performance to fall short of the financial projections we used to establish a given portfolio companys capital structure. Because of the leverage we typically employ in our investments, this could cause a substantial decrease in the value of our equity holdings in the portfolio company. The inaccuracy of financial projections could thus cause our funds performance to fall short of our expectations.
Fraud and other deceptive practices could harm fund performance.
Instances of fraud and other deceptive practices committed by senior management of portfolio companies in which an Apollo fund invests may undermine our due diligence efforts with respect to such companies, and if such fraud is discovered, negatively affect the valuation of a funds investments. In addition, when discovered, financial fraud may contribute to overall market volatility that can negatively impact an Apollo funds investment program. As a result, instances of fraud could result in fund performance that is poorer than expected.
Contingent liabilities could harm fund performance.
We may cause our funds to acquire an investment that is subject to contingent liabilities. Such contingent liabilities could be unknown to us at the time of acquisition or, if they are known to us, we may not accurately assess or protect against the risks that they present. Acquired contingent liabilities could thus result in unforeseen losses for our funds. In addition, in connection with the disposition of an investment in a portfolio company, a fund may be required to make representations about the business and financial affairs of such portfolio company typical of those made in connection with the sale of a business. A fund may also be required to indemnify the purchasers of such investment to the extent that any such representations are inaccurate. These arrangements may result in the incurrence of contingent liabilities by a fund, even after the disposition of an investment. Accordingly, the inaccuracy of representations and warranties made by a fund could harm such funds performance.
Our funds may be forced to dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time.
Our funds may make investments that they do not advantageously dispose of prior to the date the applicable fund is dissolved, either by expiration of such funds term or otherwise. Although we generally expect that investments will be disposed of prior to dissolution or be suitable for in-kind distribution at dissolution, and the general partners of the funds have a limited ability to extend the term of the fund with the consent of fund investors or the advisory board of the fund, as applicable, our funds may have to sell, distribute or otherwise dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time as a result of dissolution. This would result in a lower than expected return on the investments and, perhaps, on the fund itself.
Possession of material, non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers.
Our managing partners, investment professionals or other employees may acquire confidential or material non-public information and, as a result, be restricted from initiating transactions in certain securities. This risk
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affects us more than it does many other investment managers, as we generally do not use information barriers that many firms implement to separate persons who make investment decisions from others who might possess material, non-public information that could influence such decisions. Our decision not to implement these barriers could prevent our investment professionals from undertaking advantageous investments or dispositions that would be permissible for them otherwise.
In order to manage possible risks resulting from our decision not to implement information barriers, our compliance personnel maintain a list of restricted securities as to which we have access to material, non-public information and in which our funds and investment professionals are not permitted to trade. This internal control relating to the management of material non-public information could fail and with the result that we, or one of our investment professionals, might trade when at least constructively in possession of material non-public information. Inadvertent trading on material non-public information could have adverse effects on our reputation, result in the imposition of regulatory or financial sanctions and as a consequence, negatively impact our financial condition. In addition, we could in the future decide that it is advisable to establish information barriers, particularly as our business expands and diversifies. In such event, our ability to operate as an integrated platform will be restricted. The establishment of such information barriers may also lead to operational disruptions and result in restructuring costs, including costs related to hiring additional personnel as existing investment professionals are allocated to either side of such barriers, which may adversely affect our business.
Regulations governing AICs operation as a business development company affect its ability to raise, and the way in which it raises, additional capital.
As a business development company under the Investment Company Act, AIC may issue debt securities or preferred stock and borrow money from banks or other financial institutions, which we refer to collectively as senior securities, up to the maximum amount permitted by the Investment Company Act. Under the provisions of the Investment Company Act, AIC is permitted to issue senior securities only in amounts such that its asset coverage, as defined in the Investment Company Act, equals at least 200% after each issuance of senior securities. If the value of its assets declines, it may be unable to satisfy this test. If that happens, it may be required to sell a portion of its investments and, depending on the nature of its leverage, repay a portion of its indebtedness at a time when such sales may be disadvantageous.
Business development companies may issue and sell common stock at a price below net asset value per share only in limited circumstances, one of which is during the one-year period after stockholder approval. In August 2008, AICs stockholders approved a plan so that AIC may, in one or more public or private offerings of its common stock, sell or otherwise issue shares of its common stock at a price below the then current net asset value per share, subject to certain conditions including parameters on the level of permissible dilution, approval of the sale by a majority of its independent directors and a requirement that the sale price be not less than approximately the market price of the shares of its common stock at specified times, less the expenses of the sale. AIC may ask its stockholders for additional approvals from year to year. There is no assurance such approvals will be obtained.
Our hedge funds are subject to numerous additional risks.
Our hedge funds are subject to numerous additional risks, including the risks set forth below.
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Generally, there are few limitations on the execution of these funds investment strategies, which are subject to the sole discretion of the management company or the general partner of such funds. |
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These funds may engage in short-selling, which is subject to a theoretically unlimited risk of loss. |
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These funds are exposed to the risk that a counterparty will not settle a transaction in accordance with its terms and conditions because of a dispute over the terms of the contract (whether or not bona fide) or because of a credit or liquidity problem, thus causing the fund to suffer a loss. |
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Credit risk may arise through a default by one of several large institutions that are dependent on one another to meet their liquidity or operational needs, so that a default by one institution causes a series of defaults by the other institutions. |
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The efficacy of investment and trading strategies depend largely on the ability to establish and maintain an overall market position in a combination of financial instruments, which can be difficult to execute. |
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These funds may make investments or hold trading positions in markets that are volatile and which may become illiquid. |
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These funds investments are subject to risks relating to investments in commodities, futures, options and other derivatives, the prices of which are highly volatile and may be subject to a theoretically unlimited risk of loss in certain circumstances. |
Risks Related to This Offering
There is no existing public market for our Class A shares, and we do not know if one will develop, which could impede your ability to sell your Class A shares and depress the market price of our Class A shares.
Prior to the offering, our Class A shares have traded on GSTrUE and, as such, there has not been a public market for our Class A shares. We cannot predict the extent to which investor interest in the company will lead to the development of an active trading market on the NYSE or otherwise or how liquid that market might become. If an active trading market does not develop, you may have difficulty selling any of our Class A shares. The initial public offering price for our Class A shares will be determined by negotiations between us and the underwriters and may not be indicative of prices that will prevail in the open market following the offering. See Underwriting. Consequently, you may not be able to sell our Class A shares at prices equal to or greater than the price you paid in the offering.
The market price and trading volume of our Class A shares may be volatile, which could result in rapid and substantial losses for our shareholders.
Even if an active trading market develops, the market price of our Class A shares may be highly volatile and could be subject to wide fluctuations. In addition, the trading volume in our Class A shares may fluctuate and cause significant price variations to occur. If the market price of our Class A shares declines significantly, you may be unable to resell your Class A shares at or above your purchase price, if at all. The market price of our Class A shares may fluctuate or decline significantly in the future. Some of the factors that could negatively affect the price of our Class A shares or result in fluctuations in the price or trading volume of our Class A shares include:
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variations in our quarterly operating results or dividends, which variations we expect will be substantial; |
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our policy of taking a long-term perspective on making investment, operational and strategic decisions, which is expected to result in significant and unpredictable variations in our quarterly returns; |
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failure to meet analysts earnings estimates; |
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publication of research reports about us or the investment management industry or the failure of securities analysts to cover our Class A shares after this offering; |
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additions or departures of our managing partners and other key management personnel; |
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adverse market reaction to any indebtedness we may incur or securities we may issue in the future; |
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actions by shareholders; |
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changes in market valuations of similar companies; |
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speculation in the press or investment community; |
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changes or proposed changes in laws or regulations or differing interpretations thereof affecting our businesses or enforcement of these laws and regulations, or announcements relating to these matters; |
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a lack of liquidity in the trading of our Class A shares; |
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adverse publicity about the asset management industry generally or individual scandals, specifically; and |
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general market and economic conditions. |
In addition, from time to time, management may also declare special quarterly distributions based on investment realizations. Volatility in the market price may be heightened at or around times of investment realizations as well as following such realization, as a result of speculation as to whether such a distribution may be declared.
An investment in Class A shares is not an investment in any of our funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us.
This prospectus is solely an offer with respect to Class A shares, and is not an offer directly or indirectly of any securities of any of our funds. Class A shares are securities of Apollo Global Management, LLC only. While our historical consolidated and combined financial information includes financial information, including assets and revenues, of certain Apollo funds on a consolidated basis, and our future financial information will continue to consolidate certain of these funds, such assets and revenues are available to the fund and not to us except through management fees, incentive income, distributions and other proceeds arising from agreements with funds, as discussed in more detail in this prospectus.
Our Class A share price may decline due to the large number of shares eligible for future sale and for exchange into Class A shares.
The market price of our Class A shares could decline as a result of sales of a large number of our Class A shares or the perception that such sales could occur. These sales, or the possibility that these sales may occur, also might make it more difficult for us to sell equity securities in the future at a time and price that we deem appropriate. We will have Class A shares outstanding immediately after the offering, not including approximately 32.0 million Class A shares or share units granted to certain employees and consultants under our equity incentive plan, of which approximately 12.1 million were vested as of December 31, 2009 and approximately 19.9 million remain subject to vesting. Furthermore, of our Class A shares are subject to the shelf registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part. Of the Class A shares being registered for resale pursuant to the shelf registration statement, Class A shares will be immediately available for sale on the shelf effectiveness date and Class A shares will be available for sale days after the date of this prospectus upon the expiration of the lock-up agreement to be entered into between the selling shareholders in the offering and the underwriters in the offering, assuming no exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional shares. The Class A shares reserved under our equity incentive plan are increased on the first day of each fiscal year during the plans term by the lesser of (x) the excess of (i) 15% of the number of outstanding Class A shares of the company and the number of outstanding Apollo Operating Group units on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year over (ii) the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under our equity incentive plan as of such date or (y) such lesser amount by which the administrator may decide to increase the number of Class A shares. Following such increase and grants of RSUs made through June 30, 2010, 39,272,106 Class A shares remained available for future grant under our equity incentive plan. In addition, Holdings may at any time exchange its Apollo Operating Group units for up to 240,000,000 Class A shares on behalf of our managing partners and contributing partners. We may also elect to sell additional Class A shares in one or more future primary offerings.
Our managing partners and contributing partners, through their partnership interests in Holdings, will own an aggregate of % of the Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering. Subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and contributing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements) each managing partner and contributing
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partner has the right, upon 60 days notice prior to a designated quarterly date, to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares. BRH Holdings, L.P., Holdings, certain of our executive officers and the Strategic Investors have agreed with the initial purchasers not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is 180 days after the shelf effectiveness date, except with the prior written consent of the representatives of the initial purchasers. In addition, certain of our executive officers, directors, employees and affiliates will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the offering and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the offering. After the expiration of the applicable lock-up period, these Class A shares will be eligible for resale from time to time, subject to certain contractual restrictions and Securities Act limitations. Under certain circumstances, the applicable lock-up period may be extended.
We and our manager will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the offering and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the offering.
The selling shareholders in the offering will also enter into lock-up agreements with the underwriters in the offering and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the offering.
After the expiration of their lock-up period, our managing partners and contributing partners (through Holdings) will have the ability to cause us to register the Class A shares they acquire upon exchange of their Apollo Operating Group units. Such rights will be exercisable beginning two years after the shelf effectiveness date.
The Strategic Investors will have the ability to cause us to register any of their non-voting Class A shares beginning two years after the shelf effectiveness date, and, generally, may only transfer their non-voting Class A shares prior to such time to its controlled affiliates.
We intend to file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-8 covering the shares issuable under our equity incentive plan. Subject to vesting and contractual lock-up arrangements, upon effectiveness of the registration statement on Form S-8, such shares will be freely tradable.
You will suffer an immediate and substantial dilution in the net tangible book value of the Class A shares you purchase.
The initial offering price is substantially higher than the net tangible book value per share of the outstanding Class A shares immediately after this offering. Accordingly, based on an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus), purchasers of Class A shares in this offering will experience immediate and substantial dilution of approximately $ per share in net tangible book value of the Class A shares. See Dilution, including the discussion of the effects on dilution from a change in the price of this offering.
We cannot assure you that our intended quarterly dividends will be paid each quarter or at all.
Our intention is to distribute to our Class A shareholders on a quarterly basis substantially all of our net after-tax cash flow from operations in excess of amounts determined by our manager to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of our businesses, to make appropriate investments in our businesses and our funds, to comply with applicable laws and regulations, to service our indebtedness or to provide for future distributions to our Class A shareholders for any ensuing quarter. The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend, if any, will be at the sole discretion of our manager, who may change our dividend policy at any time. We cannot assure you that any dividends, whether quarterly or otherwise, will or can
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be paid. In making decisions regarding our quarterly dividend, our manager considers general economic and business conditions, our strategic plans and prospects, our businesses and investment opportunities, our financial condition and operating results, working capital requirements and anticipated cash needs, contractual restrictions and obligations, legal, tax, regulatory and other restrictions that may have implications on the payment of dividends by us to our common shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us, and such other factors as our manager may deem relevant.
Our managing partners beneficial ownership of interests in the Class B share that we have issued to BRH, the control exercised by our manager and anti-takeover provisions in our charter documents and Delaware law could delay or prevent a change in control.
Our managing partners, through their ownership of BRH, beneficially own the Class B share that we have issued to BRH. The managing partners interests in such Class B share will represent % of the total combined voting power of our shares entitled to vote immediately after the offering. As a result, they are able to exercise control over all matters requiring the approval of shareholders and are able to prevent a change in control of our company. In addition, our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager, which is owned and controlled by our managing partners, manages all of our operations and activities. The control of our manager will make it more difficult for a potential acquirer to assume control of us. Other provisions in our operating agreement may also make it more difficult and expensive for a third party to acquire control of us even if a change of control would be beneficial to the interests of our shareholders. For example, our operating agreement requires advance notice for proposals by shareholders and nominations, places limitations on convening shareholder meetings, and authorizes the issuance of preferred shares that could be issued by our board of directors to thwart a takeover attempt. In addition, certain provisions of Delaware law may delay or prevent a transaction that could cause a change in our control. The market price of our Class A shares could be adversely affected to the extent that our managing partners control over us, the control exercised by our manager as well as provisions of our operating agreement discourage potential takeover attempts that our shareholders may favor.
We are a Delaware limited liability company, and there are certain provisions in our operating agreement regarding exculpation and indemnification of our officers and directors that differ from the Delaware General Corporation Law (DGCL) in a manner that may be less protective of the interests of our Class A shareholders.
Our operating agreement provides that to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law our directors or officers will not be liable to us. However, under the DGCL, a director or officer would be liable to us for (i) breach of duty of loyalty to us or our shareholders, (ii) intentional misconduct or knowing violations of the law that are not done in good faith, (iii) improper redemption of shares or declaration of dividend, or (iv) a transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit. In addition, our operating agreement provides that we indemnify our directors and officers for acts or omissions to the fullest extent provided by law. However, under the DGCL, a corporation can only indemnify directors and officers for acts or omissions if the director or officer acted in good faith, in a manner he reasonably believed to be in the best interests of the corporation, and, in criminal action, if the officer or director had no reasonable cause to believe his conduct was unlawful. Accordingly, our operating agreement may be less protective of the interests of our Class A shareholders, when compared to the DGCL, insofar as it relates to the exculpation and indemnification of our officers and directors.
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S PECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
Some of the statements under Prospectus Summary, Risk Factors, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, Business and elsewhere in this prospectus may contain forward-looking statements that reflect our current views with respect to, among other things, future events and financial performance. You can identify these forward-looking statements by the use of forward-looking words such as outlook, believes, expects, potential, continues, may, should, seeks, approximately, predicts, intends, plans, estimates, anticipates or the negative version of those words or other comparable words. Any forward-looking statements contained in this prospectus are based upon our historical performance and our current plans, estimates and expectations. The inclusion of this forward-looking information should not be regarded as a representation by us or any other person that the future plans, estimates or expectations contemplated by us will be achieved. Such forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties and assumptions relating to our operations, financial results, financial condition, business prospects, growth strategy and liquidity. If one or more of these or other risks or uncertainties materialize, or if our underlying assumptions prove to be incorrect, our actual results may vary materially from those indicated in these statements. These factors should not be construed as exhaustive and should be read in conjunction with the risk factors and other cautionary statements that are included in this prospectus. We do not undertake any obligation to publicly update or review any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise.
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M ARKET AND INDUSTRY DATA AND FORECASTS
This prospectus includes market and industry data and forecasts from independent consultant reports, publicly available information, various industry publications, other published industry sources and our internal data, estimates and forecasts. Independent consultant reports, industry publications and other published industry sources generally indicate that the information contained therein was obtained from sources believed to be reliable.
Our internal data, estimates and forecasts are based upon information obtained from our investors, partners, trade and business organizations and other contacts in the markets in which we operate and our managements understanding of industry conditions. Although we believe that such information is reliable, we have not had such information verified by any independent sources.
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Apollo Global Management, LLC was formed as a Delaware limited liability company for the purposes of completing the Reorganization, the Strategic Investors Transaction and the Private Offering Transactions and conducting our businesses as a publicly held entity. Apollo Global Management, LLC is a holding company whose primary assets are 100% of the general partner interests in each limited partnership included in the Apollo Operating Group, which is described below under ReorganizationHolding Company Structure. Immediately after the offering, % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be held by Apollo Global Management, LLC through intermediate holding companies, and the remaining % of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group entities will be owned directly by Holdings, an entity 100% owned, directly and indirectly, by our managing partners and contributing partners. The limited partner interests that the company and Holdings own in the Apollo Operating Group entities represent the companys and Holdings economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. With limited exceptions, the Apollo Operating Group owns each of the operating entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements as described below under ReorganizationOur Assets. Prior to the Reorganization, our business was conducted through a number of entities as to which there was no single holding entity but that were separately owned by our managing partners. In order to facilitate the Rule 144A Offering, which closed on August 8, 2007, we effected the Reorganization to form a new holding company structure. Additional entities were formed in 2008 to create our current holding company structure.
Apollo Global Management, LLC is owned by its Class A and Class B shareholders. Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share vote as a single class on all matters presented to the shareholders, although the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights in respect of any of their Class A shares. We have issued to BRH a single Class B share solely for purposes of granting voting power to BRH. BRH is the general partner of Holdings and is a Cayman Islands exempted company owned and controlled by our managing partners. The Class B share does not represent an economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. The voting power of the Class B share will, however, increase or decrease with corresponding changes in Holdings economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group.
Our shareholders vote together as a single class on the limited set of matters on which shareholders have a vote. Such matters include a proposed sale of all or substantially all of our assets, certain mergers and consolidations, certain amendments to our operating agreement and an election by our manager to dissolve the company.
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The diagram below depicts our current organizational structure immediately after the offering. (1)
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(1) | Immediately after the offering, the Public Investors will hold % of the Class A shares, the CS Investor will hold % of the Class A shares, and the Strategic Investors will hold % of the Class A shares. Immediately after the offering, the Class A shares held by the Public Investors will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Immediately after the offering, Class A shares held by the CS Investor will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote and % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors do not have voting rights and immediately after the offering, will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. Such Class A shares will become entitled to vote upon transfers by a Strategic Investor in accordance with the agreements entered into in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
(2) | Our managing partners own BRH, which in turn holds our only outstanding Class B share. Immediately after the offering, the Class B share will represent % of the total voting power of our shares entitled to vote but no economic interest in Apollo Global Management, LLC. Our managing partners economic interests are instead represented by their indirect ownership, through Holdings, of % of the limited partner interests in the Apollo Operating Group immediately after the offering. |
(3) | Through BRH Holdings, L.P., our managing partners own limited partnership interests in Holdings. |
(4) | Immediately after the offering, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. The Apollo Operating Group units held by Holdings are exchangeable for Class A shares, as described below under ReorganizationEquity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners. Our managing partners, through their interest in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering. Our contributing partners, through their ownership interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering. |
(5) | BRH is the sole member of AGM Management, LLC, our manager. The management of Apollo Global Management, LLC is vested in our manager as provided in our operating agreement. See Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a description of the authority that our manager exercises. |
(6) | Immediately after the offering, will represent % of the limited partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity, held through intermediate holding companies. Apollo Global Management, LLC also indirectly owns 100% of the general partner interests in each Apollo Operating Group entity. |
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(1) | Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 50% and 67% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. also holds 100% of the limited partner interests in Apollo Co-Investors VI (D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (D), L.P. The general partner interest in Apollo Co-Investors VI (D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (D), L.P. is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. is also the sole owner of AGRE CMBS GP LLC. |
(2) | Other than with respect to AAA Guernsey Limited and the general partner of AAA Associates, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. With respect to AAA Guernsey Limited and the general partner of AAA Associates, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. holds 45% of the non-economic general partner interests in these entities. The remaining 55% non-economic general partner interest of AAA Guernsey Limited and the general partner of AAA Associates, L.P. is owned by an individual who is not an affiliate of Apollo. Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. also holds between 54% and 100% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these foreign general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. also holds 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign private equity co-invest vehicles set forth below its name in the chart above. The general partner interest in the foreign private equity co-invest vehicles is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. |
(3) | Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 59% and 67% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these foreign general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. holds 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign private equity and foreign capital markets co-invest vehicles set forth below its name. The general partner interest in the foreign private equity and foreign capital markets co-invest vehicles is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. is also the sole owner of Apollo COF Investor, LLC. |
(4) | Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 65% and 100% of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
(5) | Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 65% and 100% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
(6) | Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 95% and 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in the foreign general partners are held by certain of our professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
(7) | Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. holds 100% of the non-economic general partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name in the chart above. It also holds between 59% and 67% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the domestic general partners set forth below its name. The remaining limited partner interests in these domestic general partners are held by certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense associated with carried interest income earned from our funds within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. also holds 100% of the limited partner interests in Apollo Co-Investors VI (DC-D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (DC-D), L.P. The general partner interest in Apollo Co-Investors VI (DC-D), L.P. and Apollo Co-Investors VII (DC-D), L.P. is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. is also the sole owner of A/A Investor I, LLC and Apollo Credit Liquidity Investor, LLC. |
(8) | Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. holds 100% of the limited partner interests in the foreign capital markets co-invest vehicles set forth below its name in the chart above. The general partner interest in Apollo EPF Co-Investors (B), L.P. is held by Apollo EPF Administration, Limited, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. The general partner interest in Apollo AIE II Co-Investors (B), L.P. is held by Apollo Co-Investors Manager, LLC, which is solely owned by one of our managing partners. |
(9) | Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. holds 100% of the management companies comprising the investment advisors of all of Apollos funds including AIC, AIE I and AAA; however, a portion of the management fees, incentive income and other fees payable to these investment advisors are allocated to certain of our current and former professionals and are reflected as profit sharing expense within Compensation and Benefits in our consolidated and combined statements of operations (included elsewhere in this prospectus), as described in more detail under ReorganizationOur Assets. |
(10) | Apollo Advisors IV, L.P. is the general partner of Fund IV, Apollo Advisors V, L.P. is the general partner of Fund V, Apollo Advisors VI, L.P. is the general partner of Fund VI and Apollo Advisors VII, L.P. is the general partner of Fund VII. Certain offshore vehicles that comprise the foregoing funds also have an administrative general partner, which is an affiliate of the foregoing general partner. AGRE CMBS GP LLC is the sole general partner of AGRE CMBS Fund L.P. |
(11) |
Apollo Advisors V (EH Cayman), L.P. is the sole general partner of Fund Vs Cayman Islands alternative investment vehicles. Apollo Advisors VI (EH), L.P. is the sole general partner of certain of Fund VIs Cayman Islands alternative investment vehicles. Apollo Advisors VII (EH), L.P. is the sole general partner of one of Fund VIIs Cayman Islands alternative investment vehicle. AAA Associates, |
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L.P. is the sole general partner of AAA Investments, the limited partnership through which AAAs investments are made. AAA Guernsey Limited is the sole general partner of AAA. |
(12) | Apollo Advisors VI (APO FC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VI. Apollo Advisors VII (APO FC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VII. |
(13) | Apollo Credit Opportunity Advisors I, L.P. is the sole general partner of COF I. Apollo Credit Opportunity Advisors II, L.P. is the sole general partner of COF II. Apollo Credit Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of Apollo/Palmetto Loan Portfolio, L.P. |
(14) | Apollo SVF Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of SVF. Apollo Asia Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of AAOF. Apollo Credit Liquidity Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of ACLF. Apollo Value Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of VIF. Apollo SOMA Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of SOMA. A/A Capital Management, LLC is the sole general partner of Artus. Apollo Palmetto Advisors, L.P. is the general partner of Palmetto. Certain offshore vehicles that comprise the foregoing funds also have an administrative general partner, which is an affiliate of the foregoing general partners. |
(15) | Apollo EPF Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of EPF. Apollo Europe Advisors, L.P. is the sole general partner of AIE II. |
(16) | Apollo Advisors VI (APO DC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VI. Apollo Advisors VII (APO DC), L.P. is the general partner (or the member of the general partner) of certain alternative investment vehicles and special purpose vehicles formed in connection with various investments of Fund VII. |
Holding Company Structure
Apollo Global Management, LLC, through three intermediate holding companies (APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC), will own % of the economic interests of, and operate and control all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries immediately after the offering. Holdings will own the remaining % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group immediately after the offering. Apollo Global Management, LLC consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as a minority interest in Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated financial statements.
The Apollo Operating Group consists of the following partnerships: Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. (a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes), and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (a Delaware limited partnership that is a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes).
Apollo Global Management, LLC conducts all of its material business activities through the Apollo Operating Group. Substantially all of our expenses, including substantially all expenses solely incurred by or attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC are borne by the Apollo Operating Group; provided that obligations incurred under the tax receivable agreement by Apollo Global Management, LLC or its wholly-owned subsidiaries (which currently consist of our three intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC), income tax expenses of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and indebtedness incurred by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are borne solely by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
Each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships holds interests in different businesses or entities organized in different jurisdictions. Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our
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private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds as well as the domestic general partner of one of our real estate funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of our private equity funds and our domestic co-invest vehicles of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. holds certain of our domestic general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. generally hold our foreign general partners of private equity funds, including the foreign general partner of AAA Investments, our private equity foreign co-invest vehicles, one of our capital markets foreign co-invest vehicles, and one of our capital markets domestic co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. holds our foreign general partners of capital markets funds; Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. holds two capital markets foreign co-invest vehicles; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. holds the domestic general partner of certain of our capital markets funds; and AMH holds the management companies for each of our private equity funds (including AAA), our capital markets funds and our real estate funds.
In summary:
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Apollo Global Management, LLC is a holding company; |
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Through its intermediate holding companies, Apollo Global Management, LLC, holds equity interests in, and is the sole general partner of, each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships; |
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Each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships has an identical number of partnership units outstanding; |
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Apollo Global Management, LLC holds, through wholly-owned subsidiaries, a number of Apollo Operating Group units equal to the number of Class A shares that Apollo Global Management, LLC has issued; |
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The Apollo Operating Group units that are held by Apollo Global Management, LLCs wholly-owned subsidiaries are economically identical in all respects to the Apollo Operating Group units that are held by the managing partners and contributing partners through Holdings; and |
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Apollo Global Management, LLC conducts all of its material business activities through the Apollo Operating Group partnerships. |
Accordingly, and similar in many respects to the structure referred to as an umbrella partnership real estate investment trust, or UPREIT, that is frequently used in the real estate industry:
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Our business is conducted through limited partnerships of which Apollo Global Management, LLC, indirectly through wholly-owned subsidiaries, is the sole general partner; |
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Our managing partners and contributing partners, through Holdings, hold equity interests in these limited partnerships that are exchangeable for the Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC; and |
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If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. |
We intend to cause the Apollo Operating Group to make distributions to its partners, including Apollo Global Management, LLCs wholly-owned subsidiaries, in order to fund any distributions Apollo Global Management, LLC may declare on its Class A shares. If the Apollo Operating Group makes such distributions, the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group will be entitled to receive distributions pro rata based on their partnership interests in the Apollo Operating Group.
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The partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships provide for cash distributions, which we refer to as tax distributions, to the partners of such partnerships if the wholly-owned subsidiaries of Apollo Global Management, LLC that wholly own the general partners of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships determine that the taxable income of the relevant partnership will give rise to taxable income for its partners. Generally, these tax distributions will be computed based on our estimate of the net taxable income of the relevant partnership allocable to a partner multiplied by an assumed tax rate equal to the highest effective marginal combined U.S. Federal, state and local income tax rate prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account the nondeductibility of certain expenses and the character of our income). The Apollo Operating Group partnerships will make tax distributions only to the extent distributions from such partnerships for the relevant year are otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities.
Our Manager
Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo Group (as defined below) beneficially owns at least 10% of the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of outstanding voting shares, our manager, which is 100% owned by BRH, will conduct, direct and manage all activities of Apollo Global Management, LLC. We refer to the Apollo Groups beneficial ownership of at least 10% of such voting power as the Apollo control condition. So long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it. See Description of Shares.
For purposes of our operating agreement, the Apollo Group means (i) our manager and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (ii) Holdings and its affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (iii) with respect to each managing partner, such managing partner and such managing partners group (as defined in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act), (iv) any former or current investment professional of or other employee of an Apollo employer (as defined below) or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group), (v) any former or current executive officer of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group); and (vi) any former or current director of an Apollo employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group). With respect to any person, Apollo employer means Apollo Global Management, LLC or such other entity controlled by Apollo Global Management, LLC or its successor as may be such persons employer.
Holders of our Class A shares and Class B share have no right to elect our manager, which is controlled by our managing partners through BRH. Although our manager has no business activities other than the management of our businesses, conflicts of interest may arise in the future between us and our Class A shareholders, on the one hand, and our managing partners, on the other. The resolution of these conflicts may not always be in our best interests or those of our Class A shareholders. We describe the potential conflicts of interest in greater detail under Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructurePotential conflicts of interest may arise among our manager, on the one hand, and us and our shareholders on the other hand. Our manager and its affiliates have limited fiduciary duties to us and our shareholders, which may permit them to favor their own interests to the detriment of us and our shareholders. We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. Our operating agreement does not limit the amount of expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates.
Our Assets
Prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our managing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group their interests in each of the entities included in our historical consolidated and combined financial statements,
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but excluding the excluded assets described below under Excluded Assets. As discussed further below, the managing partners received partnership interests in Holdings (representing an indirect ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units) in respect of the interests they contributed to the Apollo Operating Group.
More specifically, prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our managing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group the intellectual property rights associated with the Apollo name and the indicated equity interests in the following businesses (other than the excluded assets), which we refer to collectively as the Contributed Businesses:
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100% of the investment advisors of all of Apollos funds, which provide investment management services to, and are entitled to any management fees and incentive income payable in respect of, these funds, as well as transaction, advisory and other fees that may be payable by these funds portfolio companies, other than the percentage of fees that has been allocated or that we determine to allocate to our professionals, as described below. |
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With respect to Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI and AAA, which constituted all of our private equity funds that were either actively investing or had a meaningful amount of unrealized investments: |
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100% of the entire non-economic general partner interests in the general partners of such funds, which non-economic interests give the Apollo Operating Group control of these funds; |
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100% of the economic interests in the managing general partner of AAA; and |
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46% to 57% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the general partners of such funds, representing 46% to 57% of the carried interest earned in relation to investments by such funds; this includes all of the carried interest in these funds that had been allocated to our managing partners, with the remainder of such carried interest continuing to be held by certain of our professionals. |
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With respect to a number of our capital markets funds (the Value Funds, AAOF, SOMA and EPF): |
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100% of the entire non-economic general partner interests in the general partners of these funds, which non-economic interests give the Apollo Operating Group control of these funds; and |
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54% to 100% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all limited partner interests in the general partners of these funds, representing 54% to 100% of the incentive income earned in relation to investments by these funds; this includes all of the incentive income in these funds that had been allocated to our managing partners, with the remainder of such incentive income continuing to be held by certain of our professionals. |
In addition, prior to the Private Offering Transactions, our contributing partners contributed to the Apollo Operating Group a portion of their points. We refer to such contributed points as partner-contributed interests. In return for a contribution of points, each contributing partner received an interest in Holdings (representing an indirect, unit-for-unit ownership interest of an equivalent number of Apollo Operating Group units).
Prior to the exchange, the points held by each managing partner and contributing partner were designated values based upon the estimated 2007 cash flows of each entity that was contributed to the Apollo Operating Group and from which such partner was to receive management fees and incentive income. The 2007 estimated cash flow of the entities contributed was agreed between the managing partners and the contributing partners to be the best proxy for measuring of the total value of the interests that were contributed by each partner to the Apollo Operating Group. The partnership interests in Holdings that were granted to each managing partner and contributing partner, correspond to the aggregate value of the points such partner contributed. Specifically, for purposes of determining the number of Apollo Operating Group units each managing partner and contributing partner was to receive, the aggregate value of the points contributed by a given partner was divided by the aggregate value of all points contributed by all of the managing partners and contributing partners to determine a
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percentage of the ownership such partner had in the Apollo Operating Group prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and the Strategic Investors Transaction (for each managing partner and contributing partner, his or her AOG Ownership Percentage). In order to achieve the offering size targeted in the Private Offering Transactions within the proposed offering price range per Class A share, the managing partners also determined the aggregate amount of units that the Apollo Operating Group should issue and have outstanding immediately prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic Investors Transaction. This aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units was then allocated to each managing partner and contributing partner based upon their respective AOG Ownership Percentage. For example, if a partner contributed points constituting an AOG Ownership Percentage of 10% of the aggregate value of all points contributed to the Apollo Operating Group, such partner received 10% of the aggregate amount of Apollo Operating Group units issued and outstanding prior to the completion of the Private Offering Transactions and Strategic Investors Transaction.
Each contributing partner continues to own directly those points that such partner did not contribute to the Apollo Operating Group or sell to the Apollo Operating Group in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction. Each contributing partner remained entitled (on an individual basis and not through ownership interests in Holdings) to receive payments in respect of his partner-contributed interests with respect to fiscal year 2007 based on the date his partner-contributed interests were contributed or sold as described below under Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization. The Strategic Investors similarly received a pro rata portion of our net income prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions for our fiscal year 2007, calculated in the same manner as for the managing partners and contributing partners, as described in more detail under Strategic Investors Transaction. In addition, we issued points in Fund VII, and intend to issue points in future funds, to our contributing partners and other of our professionals.
As a result of these contributions and the contributions of our managing partners, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries generally are entitled to:
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all management fees payable in respect of all our current and future funds as well as transaction and other fees that may be payable by these funds portfolio companies (other than fees that certain of our professionals have a right to receive, as described below); |
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50% 66% (depending on the particular fund investment) of all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments by both our current private equity and capital markets funds (with the remainder of such incentive income continuing to be held by certain of our professionals); |
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all incentive income earned from the date of contribution in relation to investments made by our future private equity and capital markets funds, other than the percentage we determine to allocate to our professionals, as described below; and |
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all returns on current or future investments of our own capital in the funds we sponsor and manage. |
With respect to our existing funds that are currently investing as well as any future funds that we may sponsor, we intend to continue to allocate a portion of the management fees, transaction and advisory fees and incentive income earned in relation to these funds to our professionals, including the contributing partners, in order to better align their interests with our own and with those of the investors in these funds. Our current estimate is that approximately 30% to 50% of carried interest income earned in relation to our funds will be allocated to our investment professionals, although these percentages may fluctuate up or down over time. When apportioning carried interest income to our professionals, we typically cause our general partners in the underlying funds to issue these professionals limited partner interests, thereby causing our percentage ownership of the limited partner interests in these general partners to fluctuate. Our managing partners will not receive any allocations of carried interest income, and all of their rights to receive carried interest income earned in relation to our actively investing funds and future funds will be solely through their ownership of Apollo Operating Group units until July 13, 2012.
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In addition, we expect to continue to pay approximately 35% to 50% of management fees and transaction and advisory fees to our employees for salary, bonus and benefit costs, excluding equity-based compensation. These percentages may fluctuate over time based on our actual performance each year.
The income of the Apollo Operating Group (including management fees, transaction and advisory fees, and carried interest income) benefits Apollo Global Management, LLC to the extent of its equity interest in the Apollo Operating Group. See BusinessFees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination.
Excluded Assets
Excluded assets consist of any direct or indirect interest in the following, whether existing now or in the future:
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any personal investment or co-investment in any fund or co-investment vehicle by any managing partner or a related group member, as defined below (including any future personal investments or co-investments and investments funded through any Apollo management fee waiver program, which allows each of our managing partners to waive the right to receive any future distribution that he would otherwise be entitled to receive on a periodic basis from AMH in respect of management fees from certain private equity funds in exchange for a profits interest in the applicable Apollo fund, which satisfies his obligation to make a capital contribution to such fund in the amount of the waived management fee), although no managing partner may waive compensation that would not otherwise be paid to the managing partner, directly or indirectly, from the members of the Apollo Operating Group; |
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amounts owed, directly or indirectly, to any managing partner or a related group member by an Apollo fund pursuant to any fee deferral arrangement in an investment management agreement; |
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any direct or indirect amounts owed to any managing partner or a related group member pursuant to any escrow of Fund VI carried interest payments, or escrowed carry, to secure the obligation of the general partner of Fund VI pursuant to its organizational documents; |
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Apollo Real Estate or Ares, which are funds formerly managed by us but in which neither we nor our managing partners continue to exert any managerial control although our managing partners continue to have minority interests in such entities, including their general partners and management companies; |
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the general partners of Funds I, II and III; |
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compensation and benefits paid or given to a managing partner consistent with the terms of his employment agreement; |
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director options issued prior to January 1, 2007 by any portfolio company; |
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Hamlet Holdings, LLC, an entity partially owned by our managing partners (without any economics) that has 100% voting control over the investment of Fund VI in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. and that will remain exclusively in the personal control of the managing partners; and |
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other miscellaneous, non-core assets. |
The excluded assets were not contributed to the Apollo Operating Group; however, due to the existence of a common control group, Funds I, II and III and the general partner are consolidated in our historical financial statements for the periods prior to July 13, 2007.
With respect to our contributing partners, excluded assets includes all points not contributed to the Apollo Operating Group or purchased in connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction, any personal investment or co-investment in any fund or co-investment vehicle by any contributing partner, the right to receive escrowed carry and all other assets not specifically described in this prospectus as being contributed to the Apollo Operating Group.
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Related group member means, with respect to each of our managing partners, (i) such managing partners spouse, (ii) a lineal descendant of such managing partners parents, the spouse of any such descendant or a lineal descendent of any such spouse, (iii) a charitable institution controlled by such managing partner or one of his related group members, (iv) a trustee of a trust (whether inter vivos or testamentary), all of the current beneficiaries and presumptive remaindermen of which are one or more of such managing partners and persons described in clauses (i) through (iii) of this definition, (v) a corporation, limited liability company or partnership, of which all of the outstanding shares of capital stock or interests therein are owned by one or more of such managing partners and persons described in clauses (i) through (iv) of this definition, (vi) an individual mandated under a qualified domestic relations order, or (vii) a legal or personal representative of such managing partner in the event of his death or disability; for purposes of this definition, (x) lineal descendants shall not include individuals adopted after attaining the age of 18 years and such adopted persons descendants, (y) presumptive remaindermen shall refer to those persons entitled to a share of a trusts assets if it were then to terminate, and (z) no managing partner shall ever be deemed a related group member of another managing partner.
Equity Interests Retained by Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
Our managing partners, through their interests in BRH and Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units and, through their ownership of BRH, the Class B share that we have issued to BRH, in each case immediately after the offering. The Agreement Among Managing Partners provides that each managing partners interest in the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds indirectly through his interest in Holdings is subject to vesting. Each of Messrs. Harris and Rowan vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 60 equal monthly installments, and Mr. Black vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units and in 72 equal monthly installments. Although the Agreement Among Managing Partners was entered into on July 13, 2007, for purposes of its vesting provisions, our managing partners are credited for their employment with us since January 1, 2007. In the event that a managing partner terminates his employment with us for any reason, he will be required to forfeit the unvested portion of his Apollo Operating Group units to the other managing partners. The number of Apollo Operating Group units that must be forfeited upon termination depends on the cause of the termination. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners. However, this agreement may be amended and the terms and conditions of the agreement may be changed or modified upon the unanimous approval of the managing partners. We, our shareholders (other than our Strategic Investors, as set forth under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision of this agreement or to prevent the managing partners from amending the agreement or waiving any of its obligations.
Pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, no managing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of his Equity Interests for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date, subject to certain exceptions, including an exception for certain transactions entered into by one or more managing partners the results of which are that the managing partners no longer exercise control over us or the Apollo Operating Group or no longer hold at least 50.1% of the economic interests in us or the Apollo Operating Group. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our managing partners and the exceptions to such transfer restrictions are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders AgreementTransfer Restrictions. Our managing partners and contributing partners also were granted demand, piggyback and shelf registration rights through Holdings which are exercisable six months after the shelf effectiveness date.
Our contributing partners, through their interests in Holdings, will own % of the Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering. Pursuant to the Roll-Up Agreements, no contributing partner may voluntarily effect transfers of his Equity Interests for a period of two years after the shelf effectiveness date. The transfer restrictions applicable to Equity Interests held by our contributing partners are described in more detail under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsRoll-Up Agreements.
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Subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements described above), upon 60 days written notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner will have the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept) and to distribute the net proceeds of such sale to such managing partner or contributing partner. We have reserved for issuance 240,000,000 Class A shares, corresponding to the number of existing Apollo Operating Group units held indirectly through Holdings by our managing partners and contributing partners. Upon receipt of the notice described above, APO Corp., one of our intermediate holding companies, will purchase from us the number of Class A shares that are exchangeable for the Apollo Operating Group units to be surrendered by the managing partner or contributing partner. To effect the exchange, a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, must then simultaneously exchange one Apollo Operating Group unit, being an equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity, for each Class A share received from our intermediate holding companies. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly decreased. If and when any managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exchanges an Apollo Operating Group unit for a Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC, the relative economic ownership positions of the exchanging managing partner or contributing partner and of the other equity owners of Apollo (whether held at Apollo Global Management, LLC or at the Apollo Operating Group) will not be altered. We considered whether this redemption feature results in accounting implications under U.S. GAAP which requires securities with redemption features that are not solely within the control of the issuer to be classified outside of permanent equity. The extent of our obligation is to (i) exchange physical Class A shares for Apollo Operating Group units and (ii) sell the shares at the prevailing market price on behalf of the holder. We never have any future cash obligations to the unit holders. Specifically, in the event we are unable to sell the Class A shares, we are not required to provide liquidity to the holders of Apollo Operating Group units in any manner. Rather, in the event that we were unable to sell the Class A shares, the transaction would essentially be unwound and the Class A shares would be converted back to Apollo Operating Group units. Based on U.S. GAAP and the terms of this feature, we are deemed to control settlement by delivery of our own shares, and as noted above, we have reserved for issuance a sufficient number of shares to settle any contracts. As such, Non-Controlling Interest is reported in the consolidated and combined financial statements of the company within shareholders equity, separately from the total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders equity.
Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
Certain of our private equity funds and capital markets funds have historically been consolidated into our financial statements, due to our controlling interest in certain funds notwithstanding that we have only a non-controlling equity interest in these funds. Consequently, our pre-Reorganization financial statements do not reflect our ownership interest at fair value in these funds, but rather reflect on a gross basis the assets, liabilities, revenues, expenses and cash flows of our funds. We amended the governing documents of most of our funds to provide that a simple majority of the funds unaffiliated investors have the right to liquidate that fund. These amendments, which became effective on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, deconsolidated these funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements. Accordingly, we no longer reflect the share that other parties own in total assets and Non-Controlling Interests in these respective funds. The deconsolidation of these funds will present our financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and the related risks. Accordingly, we believe that deconsolidating these funds will provide investors with a better understanding of our business. We did not seek or receive any consideration from the investors in our funds for granting them these rights. There was no change in either our equity or net income as a result of the deconsolidation.
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Distribution to Our Managing Partners Prior to the Private Offering Transactions
On April 20, 2007, AMH, one of the entities in the Apollo Operating Group, entered into the AMH credit facility, under which AMH borrowed a $1.0 billion variable-rate term loan. We used these borrowings to make a $986.6 million distribution to our managing partners and to pay related fees and expenses. This distribution was a distribution of prior undistributed earnings, and an advance on possible future earnings, of AMH. As a result, this distribution caused the managing partners accumulated equity basis in AMH to become negative. The AMH credit facility is guaranteed by Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Capital Management, L.P.; Apollo International Management, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.; Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.; and AAA Holdings, L.P. and matures on April 20, 2014. It is secured by (i) a first priority lien on substantially all assets of AMH and the guarantors and (ii) a pledge of the equity interests of each of the guarantors, in each case subject to customary carveouts.
Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners Related to the Reorganization
We made distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners that represented all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to July 13, 2007. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to July 13, 2007 or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to July 13, 2007 were treated as having been earned prior to that date. Undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were $238.4 million and $148.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the undistributed earnings that were attributable to the managing partners for the sold portion of their interest were zero. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the undistributed earnings that were attributable to the contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were zero. The undistributed earnings attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners were recorded in the consolidated and combined financial statements as a component of due to affiliates and profit sharing payable, respectively.
In addition, we have also entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay them 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. In our condensed consolidated financial statements, the item due to affiliates includes $499.0 million and $514.0 million that was payable to our managing partners and contributing partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement as of both June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
As part of the Reorganization, the managing partners and the contributing partners received the following:
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Apollo Operating Group units having a fair value per unit of $24 and $20 issued to the managing partners and contributing partners, respectively on issuance date with a total approximate value of $5.6 billion (subject to five- or six-year forfeiture); |
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$1.2 billion in cash in July 2007, excluding any potential contingent consideration; |
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In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution related to a contingent consideration of $37.7 million. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC. Included in the distribution were AAA RDUs valued at approximately $12.7 million and a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of deferred compensation units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.8 million; and |
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The fair value of carried interest related to the sale of portfolio companies where definitive sales contracts were executed but had not closed at July 13, 2007. We accrued an estimated payment of approximately $387.0 million at December 31, 2007, of which $200.2 million was distributed during |
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the year ended December 31, 2008. The definitive sales contract in respect of which the remaining $186.8 million was accrued, was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2008 and as a result, no amounts were accrued at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. |
Strategic Investors Transaction
On July 13, 2007, we sold securities to the Strategic Investors in return for a total investment of $1.2 billion. The Strategic Investors are two of the largest alternative asset investors in the world and have been significant investors with us in multiple funds, covering a variety of strategies. In total, from our inception through the date hereof, the Strategic Investors have invested or committed to invest approximately $7.6 billion of capital in us and our funds. The Strategic Investors have been significant supporters of our integrated platform, having invested in multiple private equity and capital markets funds. The Strategic Investors have no obligation to invest further in our funds, and any future investments by the Strategic Investors in our funds or other alternative investment categories will likely depend on the performance of our funds, the performance of each Strategic Investors overall investment portfolio and other investment opportunities available to them.
Through our intermediate holding companies, we used all of the proceeds from the issuance of the securities to the Strategic Investors to purchase from our managing partners 17.4% of their Apollo Operating Group units for an aggregate purchase price of $1,068 million, and to purchase from our contributing partners a portion of their points for an aggregate purchase price of $156.4 million, excluding any potential contingent consideration. Upon completion of the Private Offering Transactions, the securities sold to the Strategic Investors converted into non-voting Class A shares, which will represent % of our issued and outstanding Class A shares and % of the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group, in each case, immediately after the offering. Based on our agreement with the Strategic Investors, we were obligated to distribute to the Strategic Investors the greater of 7% on the convertible notes issued or a pro rata portion of our net income for our fiscal year 2007, based on (i) their proportionate interests in Apollo Operating Group units during the period after the Strategic Investors Transaction and prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions, and (ii) the number of days elapsed during such period. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions was treated as having been earned prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions. On August 8, 2007, we paid approximately $6 million in interest expense on the convertible notes and as a result of our net loss we have no further obligations for 2007 to pay the Strategic Investors.
In connection with the sale of securities to the Strategic Investors, we entered into the Lenders Rights Agreement with the Strategic Investors. For a more detailed summary of the Lenders Rights Agreement, see Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights Agreement.
We believe that under current law, Apollo Global Management, LLC will be treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. An entity that is treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is not a taxable entity and incurs no U.S. Federal income tax liability. Instead, each partner is required to take into account its allocable share of items of income, gain, loss and deduction of the partnership in computing its own U.S. Federal income tax liability, regardless of whether cash distributions have been made. Investors in this offering will be deemed to be limited partners of Apollo Global Management, LLC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations for a summary discussing certain U.S. Federal income tax considerations related to the purchase, ownership and disposition of our Class A shares as of the date of this offering.
On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010 that would, if enacted in its present form, cause Apollo Global Management, LLC to become taxable as a
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corporation, which would cause significant adverse tax consequences for us and/or the holders of Class A shares. Such legislation does provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects and Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Organization and StructureMembers of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares and Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
The CS Investor purchased from us in a private placement that closed on August 8, 2007, concurrently with the Rule 144A Offering an aggregate of $180 million of the Class A shares at a price per share equal to $24, or 7,500,000 Class A shares, representing % of the total number of our Class A shares outstanding immediately after the offering.
Apollo Global Management, LLC contributed the net proceeds it received in the Private Offering Transactions to its wholly-owned subsidiaries, APO Asset Co., LLC and APO Corp. These wholly-owned subsidiaries then contributed the funds to the Apollo Operating Group.
Amounts contributed to the Apollo Operating Group concurrently with the Private Offering Transactions diluted (i) the percentage ownership interests of our managing partners (held indirectly through Holdings) in those entities by 7.4% to 62.4%, and (ii) the percentage ownership interests of our contributing partners (held indirectly through Holdings) in those entities by 1.1% to 9.1%. The relative percentage ownership interests in the Apollo Operating Group held by Apollo Global Management, LLC, our managing partners and our contributing partners will continue to change over time including as a result of the offering. Potential future events that would result in a relative increase in the number of Apollo Operating Group units held by Apollo Global Management, LLC, and result in a corresponding dilution of our managing partners and contributing partners percentage ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group include (i) issuances of Class A shares (assuming that the proceeds of any such issuance is contributed to the Apollo Operating Group), (ii) the conversion by our managing partners or contributing partners of their Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares and (iii) any offers, from time to time, at the discretion of our manager, to purchase from our managing partners and contributing partners their Apollo Operating Group units.
As a result of the Reorganization, the Strategic Investors Transaction and the Private Offering Transactions:
|
Apollo Global Management, LLC, through its wholly-owned subsidiaries, will hold % of the outstanding Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering; |
|
our managing partners, through BRH and Holdings, will hold % of the outstanding Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering; |
|
our contributing partners, through Holdings, will hold % of the outstanding Apollo Operating Group units immediately after the offering; |
|
the Strategic Investors own 60,000,001 of our non-voting Class A shares will represent % of our Class A shares outstanding immediately after the offering, which will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group units; |
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our managing partners, through BRH, own the single Class B share of Apollo Global Management, LLC; |
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on those few matters that may be submitted for a vote of the shareholders of Apollo Global Management, LLC, our Class A shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors) will collectively have % of the voting power of, and our Class B shareholder will have % of the voting power of, Apollo Global Management, LLC, in each case immediately after the offering; |
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APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC or APO (FC), LLC, as applicable, is the sole general partner of each of the entities that constitute the Apollo Operating Group; accordingly, we operate and control the businesses of the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries; and |
|
net profits, net losses and distributions of the Apollo Operating Group are generally allocated and made to its partners on a pro rata basis in accordance with their respective Apollo Operating Group units; accordingly, net profits and net losses allocable to Apollo Operating Group partners will initially be allocated, and distributions will initially be made, approximately % indirectly to us, approximately % indirectly to our managing partners and approximately % indirectly to our contributing partners, in each case immediately after the offering. |
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We estimate that the net proceeds from the offering of Class A shares offered by us, at an assumed initial public offering price of $ per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus, and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts, will be approximately $ million. If the underwriters exercise their over-allotment option in full, the net proceeds to us will be approximately $ million. Assuming the number of Class A shares offered by us as set forth on the front cover of this prospectus remains the same, a $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share would increase (decrease) the net proceeds to us from this offering by $ million, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us.
We will not receive any of the proceeds from the sale of Class A shares offered by the selling shareholders participating in this offering. In the aggregate, the selling shareholders will receive approximately $ million of net proceeds of this offering, assuming an offering price of $ per share, which is the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus.
We intend to use the net proceeds received by us from this offering for general corporate purposes and to fund growth initiatives.
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Dividend Policy for Class A Shares
Our intention is to distribute to our Class A shareholders on a quarterly basis substantially all of our net after-tax cash flow from operations in excess of amounts determined by our manager to be necessary or appropriate to provide for the conduct of our businesses, to make appropriate investments in our businesses and our funds, to comply with applicable law, to service our indebtedness or to provide for future distributions to our Class A shareholders for any ensuing quarter.
On April 4, 2008, we announced our first cash distribution amounting to $0.33 per Class A share, resulting from the first quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.17 per Class A share primarily resulting from the sale by Fund V of Goodman Global, Inc., one of its portfolio companies, to affiliates of another private equity firm, in February 2008. The $111.3 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $32.2 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed to its Class A shareholders of record on April 18, 2008. Additionally, on July 15, 2008, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.23 per Class A share, resulting from our second quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.07 per Class A share primarily resulting from realizations from (i) portfolio companies of Fund IV, Sky Terra Communications, Inc. and United Rentals, Inc., (ii) dividend income from a portfolio company of Fund VI, and (iii) interest income related to debt investments of Fund VI. This $77.6 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $22.4 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed on July 25, 2008, to its Class A shareholders of record on July 18, 2008. On May 14, 2010, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on May 27, 2010 to our Class A shareholders of record as of May 20, 2010. In addition, on August 2, 2010, we declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on August 25, 2010 to our Class A shareholders of record as of August 13, 2010. Because we will not know what our actual available cash flow from operations will be for any year until sometime after the end of such year, we expect that a fourth quarter dividend payment may be adjusted to take into account actual net after-tax cash flow from operations for that year.
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend will be at the sole discretion of our manager, which may change our dividend policy at any time. We cannot assure you that any dividends, whether quarterly or otherwise, will or can be paid. In making decisions regarding our quarterly dividend, our manager will take into account general economic and business conditions, our strategic plans and prospects, our businesses and investment opportunities, our financial condition and operating results, working capital requirements and anticipated cash needs, contractual restrictions and obligations, legal, tax and regulatory restrictions, restrictions and other implications on the payment of dividends by us to our common shareholders or by our subsidiaries to us and such other factors as our manager may deem relevant.
Because we are a holding company that owns intermediate holding companies, the funding of each dividend, if declared, will occur in three steps, as follows.
|
First , we will cause one or more entities in the Apollo Operating Group to make a distribution to all of its partners, including our wholly-owned subsidiaries APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC (as applicable), and Holdings, on a pro rata basis; |
|
Second , we will cause our intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO Asset Co., LLC and APO (FC), LLC (as applicable), to distribute to us, from their net after-tax proceeds, amounts equal to the aggregate dividend we have declared; and |
|
Third , we will distribute the proceeds received by us to our Class A shareholders on a pro rata basis. |
If Apollo Operating Group units are issued to other parties, such as investment professionals, such parties would be entitled to a portion of the distributions from the Apollo Operating Group as partners described above.
We believe that the payment of dividends will provide transparency to our Class A shareholders and will impose upon us an investment discipline with respect to new products, businesses and strategies.
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Payments that any of our intermediate holding companies make under the tax receivable agreement will reduce amounts that would otherwise be available for distribution by us on Class A shares.
The Apollo Operating Group intends to make periodic distributions to its partners (that is, Holdings and our intermediate holding companies) in amounts sufficient to cover hypothetical income tax obligations attributable to allocations of taxable income resulting from their ownership interest in the various limited partnerships making up the Apollo Operating Group, subject to compliance with any financial covenants or other obligations. Tax distributions will be calculated assuming each shareholder was subject to the maximum (corporate or individual, whichever is higher) combined U.S. Federal, New York State and New York City tax rates, without regard to whether any shareholder was subject to income tax liability at those rates. Because tax distributions to partners are made without regard to their particular tax situation, tax distributions to all partners, including our intermediate holding companies, will be increased to reflect the disproportionate income allocation to our managing partners and contributing partners with respect to built-in gain assets at the time of the Private Offering Transactions. Tax distributions will be made only to the extent all distributions from the Apollo Operating Group for such year are insufficient to cover such tax liabilities and all such distributions will be made to all partners on a pro rata basis based upon their respective interests in the applicable partnership; provided that for 2009 and 2010, as a result of the Special Allocation, which is described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsSpecial Allocation of AMH Income, any tax distributions made by AMH with respect to its income for 2009 and 2010 will be limited to the actual tax liabilities of the partners of AMH. On January 8, 2009, we declared a special tax distribution amounting to $0.05 per Class A share. The distribution was paid on January 15, 2009 to Class A shareholders of record on January 12, 2009. No such tax distribution will necessarily be required to be distributed by us for future periods and there can be no assurance that we will pay cash dividends on the Class A shares in an amount sufficient to cover any tax liability arising from the ownership of Class A shares.
Under Delaware law we are prohibited from making a distribution to the extent that our liabilities, after such distribution, exceed the fair value of our assets. Our operating agreement does not contain any restrictions on our ability to make distributions, except that we may only distribute Class A shares to holders of Class A shares. The AMH credit facility, however, restricts the ability of AMH to make cash distributions to us by requiring mandatory collateralization and restricting payments under certain circumstances. AMH will generally be restricted from paying dividends, repurchasing stock and making distributions and similar types of payments if any default or event of default occurs, if it has failed to deposit the requisite cash collateralization or does not expect to be able to maintain the requisite cash collateralization or if, after giving effect to the incurrence of debt to finance such distribution, its debt to EBITDA ratio would exceed specified levels. Instruments governing indebtedness that we or our subsidiaries incur in the future may contain further restrictions on our or our subsidiaries ability to pay dividends or make other cash distributions to equityholders.
In addition, the Apollo Operating Groups cash flow from operations may be insufficient to enable it to make required minimum tax distributions to its partners, in which case the Apollo Operating Group may have to borrow funds or sell assets, and thus our liquidity and financial condition could be materially adversely affected. Furthermore, by paying cash distributions rather than investing that cash in our businesses, we might risk slowing the pace of our growth, or not having a sufficient amount of cash to fund our operations, new investments or unanticipated capital expenditures, should the need arise.
Our dividend policy has certain risks and limitations, particularly with respect to liquidity. Although we expect to pay dividends according to our dividend policy, we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at all, if, among other things, we do not have the cash necessary to pay the intended dividends. To the extent we do not have cash on hand sufficient to pay dividends, we may have to borrow funds to pay dividends, or we may determine not to borrow funds to pay dividends. By paying cash dividends rather than investing that cash in our future growth, we risk slowing that pace of our growth, or not having a sufficient amount of cash to fund our operations or unanticipated capital expenditures, should the need arise.
As of June 30, 2010, approximately 19.4 million RSUs granted to Apollo employees (net of forfeited awards) were entitled to distribution equivalents, to be paid in the form of cash compensation.
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Distributions to Our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
We made a distribution to our managing partners in April 2007 in respect of their ownership of AMH totaling $986.6 million, which was paid out of the net proceeds of borrowings under the AMH credit facility. In addition, we used all of the proceeds received from the Strategic Investors Transaction to purchase Apollo Operating Group units from our managing partners and points from our contributing partners.
We made distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners representing all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to July 13, 2007. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to July 13, 2007 or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to July 13, 2007 were treated as having been earned prior to that date. Undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were $238.4 million and $148.6 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the undistributed earnings that were attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners for the sold portion of their interest were zero. The undistributed earnings attributable to the managing partners and contributing partners were recorded in the consolidated and combined financial statements as a component of due to affiliates and profit sharing payable, respectively.
In addition, we have also entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay them 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. In our condensed consolidated financial statements, the item due to affiliates includes $499.0 million and $514.0 million that was payable to our managing partners and contributing partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement as of both June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
As part of the Reorganization, the managing partners and the contributing partners received the following:
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Apollo Operating Group units having a fair value per unit of $24 and $20 issued to the managing partners and contributing partners, respectively, on issuance date with a total approximate value of $5.6 billion (subject to five- or six-year forfeiture); |
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$1.2 billion in cash in July 2007, excluding any potential contingent consideration; |
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In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution related to a contingent consideration of $37.7 million. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC. Included in the distribution were AAA RDUs valued at approximately $12.7 million and a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of deferred compensation units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.8 million; and |
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The fair value of carried interest related to the sale of portfolio companies where definitive sales contracts were executed but had not closed at July 13, 2007. We accrued an estimated payment of approximately $387.0 million at December 31, 2007, of which $200.2 million was distributed during the year ended December 31, 2008. The definitive sales contract in respect of which the remaining $186.8 million was accrued, was terminated during the fourth quarter of 2008 and as a result, no amounts were accrued at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009. |
Prior to the Apollo Operating Group Formation, 100% of the Apollo Operating Group was owned by our managing partners and contributing partners. Accordingly, all decisions regarding the amount and timing of distributions were made in prior periods by our managing partners with regard to their personal financial and tax situations and their assessments of appropriate amounts of distributions, taking into account Apollos capital needs as well as actual and potential earnings and borrowings.
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The following table sets forth our capitalization and cash and cash equivalents as of June 30, 2010:
|
on an actual basis; and |
|
on an as adjusted basis after giving effect to the sale of Class A shares by us in this offering at an assumed offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus) and after deducting estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. |
This table should be read in conjunction with Our Structure, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements and notes thereto included in this prospectus.
As of June 30, 2010 | |||||||
Actual | As Adjusted (1) | ||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 436,152 | $ | ||||
Debt |
$ | 933,031 | $ | ||||
Debt obligation of variable interest entities |
1,006,548 | ||||||
Shareholders equity: |
|||||||
Class A shares, no par value; unlimited shares authorized and 96,346,032 shares issued and outstanding, actual; shares issued and outstanding as adjusted |
| ||||||
Class B shares, no par value; unlimited shares authorized and 1 share issued and outstanding, actual; 1 share issued and outstanding as adjusted |
| ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
1,906,281 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(2,166,138 | ) | |||||
Appropriated partners deficit |
(3,584 | ) | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(2,483 | ) | |||||
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
(265,924 | ) | |||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
1,791,362 | ||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
331,387 | ||||||
Total shareholders equity |
$ | 1,856,825 | $ | ||||
Total capitalization |
$ | 3,796,404 | $ | ||||
(1) | Assuming no change in the number of Class A shares offered by us as set forth on the front cover of this prospectus, a $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share would increase (decrease) each of cash and cash equivalents, additional paid-in capital and total shareholders equity by $ million and would increase (decrease) total capitalization by $ million, after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated offering expenses payable by us. |
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Dilution is the amount by which the offering price paid by the purchasers of the Class A shares to be sold in this offering exceeds the net tangible book value per share of the Class A shares after the offering. Net tangible book value per share is determined at any date by subtracting our total liabilities from the total book value of our tangible assets and dividing the difference by the number of Class A shares deemed to be outstanding at that date.
Our net tangible book value as of June 30, 2010 was approximately $ million, or $ per share based on Class A shares outstanding as of June 30, 2010.
After giving effect to the receipt and our intended use of approximately $ million of estimated net proceeds from our sale of Class A Shares in this offering at an assumed offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus), our adjusted net tangible book value as of June 30, 2010 would have been approximately $ million, or $ per share. This represents an immediate increase in the adjusted net tangible book value of $ per share to existing Class A shareholders and an immediate dilution of $ per share to new investors purchasing Class A shares in the offering. The following table illustrates this substantial and immediate per share dilution to new investors:
Per Class A Share | |||
Assumed initial public offering price per share |
$ | ||
Net tangible book value per share as of June 30, 2010 |
|||
Increase in net tangible book value per share attributable to this offering |
|||
As adjusted net tangible book value per share after giving effect to this offering |
|||
Dilution of net tangible book value per share to new investors |
$ | ||
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimated offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus) would increase (decrease) our adjusted net tangible book value by $ , the adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering by $ per share and the dilution per share to new investors in this offering by $ , assuming the number of Class A shares offered by us, as set forth on the front cover of this prospectus, remains the same and after deducting the estimated underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us.
If the underwriters exercise their option to purchase additional Class A shares in full, the adjusted net tangible book value per share after this offering would be $ per share, and the dilution in adjusted net tangible book value per share to new investors in this offering would be $ per share.
The following table summarizes on an as adjusted basis as of June 30, 2010, giving effect to:
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the total number of Class A shares sold in this offering; |
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the total consideration paid to us, assuming an initial public offering price of $ per share (before deducting the estimated underwriting discount and commissions and offering expenses payable by us in connection with this offering); and |
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the average price per share paid by existing shareholders and by new investors purchasing Class A shares in this offering. |
Shares Purchased |
Total Consideration |
Average
Price Per Class A Share |
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Number | Percent | Amount | Percent | |||||||||||
Existing shareholders (1) |
% | $ | % | $ | ||||||||||
Investors in the offering (2) |
||||||||||||||
Total |
100 | % | $ | 100 | % | $ | ||||||||
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(1) | Excludes the Class A shares being sold by the selling shareholders in the offering. The average price per share is computed based on the total Class A shares of existing shareholders prior to this offering of Class A shares, which includes the Class A shares being sold by the selling shareholders. |
(2) | Includes Class A shares being sold by the selling shareholders in this offering. |
A $1.00 increase (decrease) in the assumed initial public offering price of $ per share (the midpoint of the estimate offering price range set forth on the front cover of this prospectus) would increase (decrease) total consideration paid by existing shareholders, total consideration paid by new investors and the average price per share by $ , $ and $ , respectively, assuming the number of Class A shares offered by us and the selling shareholders, as set forth on the front cover of this prospectus, remains the same, and without deducting underwriting discounts and commissions and estimated expenses payable by us.
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The following selected historical consolidated and combined financial and other data of Apollo Global Management, LLC should be read together with Our Structure, Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the historical financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this prospectus.
The selected historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data of Apollo Global Management, LLC for each of the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 and the selected historical consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 have been derived from our consolidated and combined financial statements which are included elsewhere in this prospectus.
We derived the selected historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the selected consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2006 from our audited consolidated and combined financial statements which are not included in this prospectus. We derived the selected historical consolidated and combined statements of operations data for the year ended December 31, 2005 and the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition data as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 from our unaudited consolidated and combined statements of financial statements which are not included in this prospectus. The unaudited consolidated and combined financial statements have been prepared on substantially the same basis as the audited combined financial statements and include all adjustments that we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our combined financial position and results of operations for all periods presented.
We derived the selected historical condensed consolidated statement of operations of Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the selected historical consolidated statement of financial condition data as of June 30, 2010 from our condensed consolidated financial statements, which are included elsewhere in this prospectus. The condensed consolidated financial statements of Apollo Global Management, LLC have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP for interim financial information and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that estimates made in preparing Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements are reasonable and prudent.
The selected historical financial data are not indicative of our expected future operating results. In particular, after undergoing the Reorganization on July 13, 2007 and providing liquidation rights to limited partners of certain of the funds we manage on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, Apollo Global Management, LLC no longer consolidated in its financial statements certain of the funds that have historically been consolidated in our financial statements.
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Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 (e) | 2006 (e) | 2005 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | $ | 147,051 | $ | 80,926 | ||||||||||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | 406,257 | 384,247 | 192,934 | 101,921 | 33,492 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | 55,045 | 92,998 | 504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 294,725 | 97,508 | 69,347 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
79,280 | 141,709 | 302,874 | 298,434 | 966,728 | (266,705 | ) | 637,850 | 346,480 | 183,765 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
313,997 | 342,646 | 688,874 | 684,216 | 1,495,010 | 843,600 | 1,450,330 | 266,772 | 309,235 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | 50,252 | 62,622 | 105,968 | 8,839 | 1,405 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | | | | 240,000 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 22,404 | 14,383 | 33,889 | 76,450 | 81,824 | 31,738 | 45,687 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement (a) |
| | | | | 200,000 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 31,503 | 22,788 | 61,066 | 71,789 | 36,618 | 38,782 | 25,955 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | | 47,028 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | 29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | 7,646 | 5,993 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | 24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | 3,288 | 2,304 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
362,110 | 390,957 | 790,600 | 776,725 | 1,706,505 | 1,348,769 | 1,962,727 | 357,065 | 437,607 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
(11,005 | ) | 279,666 | 100,716 | 113,068 | 510,935 | (1,269,100 | ) | 2,279,263 | 1,620,554 | 1,970,770 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
|
(19,432 |
) |
|
|
|
|
(265 |
) |
|
|
|
| | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
|
(1,712 |
) |
|
32,572 |
|
|
6,168 |
|
|
23,134 |
|
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 1,722 | 1,362 | 412 | ||||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 662 | 701 | 1,450 | 19,368 | 52,500 | 38,423 | 33,578 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt (b) |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | 36,193 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | | | | | 238,609 | 140,569 | 25,979 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
25,264 | 23,218 | 21,906 | 39,151 | 41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | 3,154 | 2,832 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(6,585 | ) | 371,942 | 129,187 | 212,247 | 673,101 | (1,311,694 | ) | 2,572,058 | 1,804,062 | 2,033,571 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
(Loss) Income Before Income Tax (Provision) Benefit |
|
(289,415 |
) |
|
122,694 |
|
|
(358,539 |
) |
|
(266,044 |
) |
(66,676 | ) | (2,927,168 | ) | 1,247,181 | 1,793,477 | 1,779,729 | |||||||||||||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | (28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | (6,476 | ) | (1,026 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(302,142 | ) | 121,749 | (375,321 | ) | (273,160 | ) | (95,390 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | 1,240,455 | 1,787,001 | 1,778,703 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (c) |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | (107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | (460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | (1,414,022 | ) | (1,577,459 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group (d) |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | 400,440 |
|
801,799
|
|
|
278,549
|
|
| | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (Loss) Income Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | $ | 372,979 | $ | 201,244 | |||||||||||
Dividends Declared per Class A share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.05 | $ | 0.56 | $ | | N/A | N/A | ||||||||||||||||||||
As of
June 30, |
As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2006 | 2005 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Financial Condition Data |
|
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total assets |
|
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | $ | 5,115,642 | $ | 11,179,921 | $ | 7,571,249 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt (excluding obligations of variable interest entities) |
|
933,031 | 933,834 | 1,026,005 | 1,057,761 | 93,738 | 20,519 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Debt obligations of consolidated variable interest entities |
|
1,006,548 | | | | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total shareholders equity |
|
1,856,825 | 1,299,110 | 325,785 | 2,408,329 | 10,331,990 | 6,895,246 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests |
|
2,122,749 | 1,603,146 | 822,843 | 2,312,286 | 9,847,069 | 6,556,622 |
(a) | Litigation settlement charge was incurred in connection with an agreement with Huntsman to settle certain claims related to Hexions now terminated merger agreement with Huntsman. |
(b) | During April and May 2009, the company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a net gain of $36.2 million which is included in other income (loss) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009 and the consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. |
(c) | Reflects Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA, consolidated variable interest entities and the remaining interests held by certain former employees in the net income (loss) of our capital markets management companies. |
(d) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group relating to the units held by our managing partners and contributing partners post-Reorganization. This amount is calculated by applying the following ownership percentages: |
| July 2007 through February 2009: 71.1% |
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| February 2009 through March 2010: 71.5% |
| March 2010 to June 2010: 71.4% |
The above changes in ownership interest arose in connection with our share repurchase in February 2009 and the issuance of Class A shares for vested RSUs in March 2010.
(e) | Significant changes in the consolidated and combined statement of operations for 2007 and 2006 compared to their respective comparative period are due to (i) the Reorganization, (ii) the deconsolidation of certain funds, and (iii) the Strategic Investors Transaction. |
Some of the significant impacts of the above items are as follows:
| Revenue from affiliates increased due to the deconsolidation of certain funds. |
| Compensation and benefits, including non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation increased due to amortization of Apollo Operating Group units, RDUs and RSUs. |
| Interest expense increased as a result of conversion of debt on which the Strategic Investors had a beneficial conversion feature. Additionally, interest expense increased related to the AMH credit facility obtained in April 2007. |
| Professional fees increased due to Apollo Global Management, LLCs formation and ongoing requirements. |
| Net gain from investment activities increased due to increased activity in our consolidated funds through the date of deconsolidation. |
| Non-Controlling Interests changed significantly due to the formation of Holdings and reflects net losses attributable to Holdings post-Reorganization. |
Note: | As a result of the adoption of U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to Non-Controlling Interests, the presentation and disclosure of all periods presented were impacted as follows: (1) Non-Controlling Interests were reclassified as a separate component of shareholders equity on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) net (loss) income was adjusted to include the net (loss) income attributed to the Non-Controlling Interests on our condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the companys condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in AAA from the interests of the company, and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. |
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MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
As Apollo Global Management, LLC was formed in July 2007, the Apollo Operating Group is considered our predecessor for accounting purposes and its consolidated and combined financial statements are our historical financial statements for the periods prior to our Reorganization on July 13, 2007.
The following discussion should be read in conjunction with Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes as of June 30, 2010 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the consolidated and combined financial statements and related notes as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. This discussion contains forward-looking statements that are subject to known and unknown risks and uncertainties. Actual results and the timing of events may differ significantly from those expressed or implied in such forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including those included in the section entitled Risk Factors. The highlights listed below have had significant effects on many items within our consolidated and combined financial statements and affect the comparison of the current periods activity with those of prior periods.
Our Businesses
Founded in 1990, Apollo is a leading global alternative asset manager. We are contrarian, value-oriented investors in private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate with significant distressed expertise and a flexible mandate in the majority of our funds that enables our funds to invest opportunistically across a companys capital structure. We raise, invest and manage funds on behalf of some of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds as well as other institutional and individual investors.
Apollo conducts its management and incentive businesses through the following segments: (i) private equity, (ii) capital markets and (iii) real estate. These segments are differentiated based on the varying investment strategies of the respective funds and how we monitor and manage each segment.
(i) | Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt instruments; |
(ii) | Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity instruments, including distressed debt instruments; and |
(iii) | Real estate primarily invests in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. We may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
The performance of these business segments is measured by management on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollos business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that exclude the effects of consolidation of any of the affiliated funds. Management further evaluates the segments based on our management and incentive business within each segment.
Our financial results vary since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income we receive from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.
Business Environment
Beginning in the second half of 2007, the financial markets encountered a series of negative events starting with the sub-prime contagion that subsequently led to a global liquidity and broader economic crisis. During
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2008, the world financial markets experienced unprecedented volatility and declines across asset classes. Credit fears served to substantially stall lending markets, including the inter-bank lending market. The lack of lending between financial institutions and to corporations left many companies, both healthy and unhealthy, unable to access credit.
During 2008, substantial value was lost across investment asset classes on a global basis. The S&P 500 index declined 38.5%, the European Dow Jones STOXX 600 index declined 46.0% and the Dow Jones Asia-Pacific index declined 40.8%. Credit spreads widened and high yield and high grade bond indices declined during the year. Slowing global economic growth also led to a decline in commodities pricing. Oil also declined and the U.S. dollar rose against both the Euro and Pound Sterling. Investors reacted to weakening markets by significantly reducing equity and fixed income holdings. As a consequence, many equity and fixed income mutual funds and hedge funds experienced substantial redemptions and reductions in value. Declining market prices forced many leveraged investors to sell assets to meet margin requirements and reduce leverage ratios regardless of market prices. Lenders severely restricted commitments to new debt, limiting industry-wide leveraged acquisition activity levels in both corporate and real estate markets. General acquisition activity declined, which had an impact on several of our businesses. Government intervention in the U.S., Europe and Asia was swift and significant. Several U.S. and European financial institutions have required government support in the form of guarantees or capital injections. Coordinated interest rate cuts, capital injections, equity participation and a framework for purchases of illiquid securities provided support to the global financial system. The external shocks to the financial services industry have reshaped, and will continue to reshape, the competitive and regulatory landscape.
Subsequent to the first quarter of 2009, valuations across investment asset classes recovered and the S&P 500 index, the European Dow Jones STOXX 600 index and the Dow Jones Asia-Pacific index rose well above their respective 52-week lows although global financial markets remain significantly volatile. Our businesses are materially affected by conditions in the financial markets and economic conditions in the United States, Western Europe, Asia and to some extent elsewhere in the world. Although there appear to be some indications that an economic recovery is underway, performance across equity and debt markets remains volatile, which will continue to affect the performance of the funds that we manage.
Regardless of the market or economic environment at any given time, we rely on our contrarian, value-oriented approach to consistently invest capital on behalf of our investors throughout economic cycles by focusing on opportunities that we believe are often overlooked by other investors. We believe that our expertise in capital markets, focus on nine core industry sectors and investment experience allow us to respond quickly to changing environments. For example, in our private equity business, our private equity funds have had success investing in buyouts and credit opportunities during both expansionary and recessionary economic periods. During the recovery and expansionary periods of 1994 through 2000 and late 2003 through the first half of 2007, our private equity funds invested or committed to invest approximately $13.7 billion primarily in traditional and corporate partner buyouts. During the recessionary periods of 1990 through 1993, 2001 through late 2003 and the current recessionary period, our private equity funds have invested $19.3 billion, of which $14.4 billion was in distressed buyouts and debt investments when the debt securities of quality companies traded at deep discounts to par value.
Our Reorganization and the Private Offering Transactions
We were formed as a Delaware limited liability company on July 3, 2007. We are managed and operated by our manager, AGM Management, LLC, which in turn is wholly owned and controlled by our managing partners.
Apollos business was historically conducted through a large number of entities for which there was no single holding entity but which were separately owned by our managing partners and other individuals (the Predecessor Owners), and controlled by our managing partners. In order to facilitate the Private Offering Transactions, we completed a reorganization as of the close of business on July 13, 2007 whereby, except for
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Apollo Advisors, L.P. and Apollo Advisors II, L.P. (collectively, the Advisor Entities) each of the operating entities that were owned by the Predecessor Owners and the intellectual property rights associated with the Apollo name were contributed to five newly-formed holding partnerships (Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., AMH and Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.). Additional holding partnerships were formed in 2008 (Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.). The ten holding partnerships (collectively, the Apollo Operating Group) were formed for the purpose of, among other activities, holding certain of our interests, principally investments in the funds.
We, through three intermediate holding companies (APO Corp., a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, APO Asset Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company that is a disregarded entity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and APO (FC), LLC, an Anguilla limited liability company that is treated as a corporation for U.S Federal income tax purposes and was formed in 2008), will own % of the economic interests of, and we operate and control all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group immediately after the offering. Holdings is the entity through which the managing partners and contributing partners hold Apollo Operating Group units, which will represent % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group immediately after the offering. We consolidate the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as Non-Controlling Interests in Apollos consolidated and combined financial statements.
As part of the Reorganization, the company issued convertible notes with a principal amount of $1.2 billion to the Strategic Investors. The notes bore interest at 7% per annum and had a stated 15-year term. The notes included provisions calling for either an optional or mandatory conversion of the notes to non-voting Class A shares at a conversion price of $20 per share. Based on the guidance included within U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to accounting for convertible securities, we calculated the intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature, or BCF; as the difference between the conversion price of $20 per share and the $24 fair value for each of the 60,000,001 Class A shares to be issued upon conversion. The total intrinsic value was calculated as $240 million and was to have been amortized over the notes 15-year term. However, the Private Placement triggered the mandatory conversion provision previously noted. As such, the remaining unamortized amount was charged to interest expense on the date of conversion and the $1.2 billion of notes held by the Strategic Investors were converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares.
On July 13, 2007, the company contributed to APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC $1.2 billion of proceeds from the sale of convertible securities to the Strategic Investors. APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC used these proceeds to purchase from the managing partners for $1.1 billion certain interests in the limited partnerships that operate the business, and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group in return for approximately 17.4% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. In addition, APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC purchased from the contributing partners a portion of their interests in subsidiaries of the Apollo Operating Group for an aggregate purchase price of $156.4 million (excluding any potential contingent consideration) and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group in return for approximately 2.6% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, on August 8, 2007 and September 5, 2007, Apollo issued 34,500,000 Class A shares and 2,824,541 Class A shares, respectively, through the Private Offering Transactions. The proceeds from the Class A shares issued on September 5, 2007 were used by Apollo to purchase a corresponding number of Apollo Operating Group units from Holdings, thereby diluting the Non-Controlling Interests by 8.9%. The purchase agreement related to the managing partners and contributing partners interests also included a provision for contingent consideration.
Although Apollo has less than 50% of the economics in the Apollo Operating Group, it has a majority voting interest and controls the management of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, although Holdings has a majority of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group, it does not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick-out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of
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control by Apollo. Accordingly, Apollo consolidates the Apollo Operating Group and records the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group directly held by Holdings as Non-Controlling Interests.
In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution were made to the companys managing partners and contributing partners related to a contingent consideration of $29.9 million and $7.8 million, respectively. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution was based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, the general partner of AMH. Included in the distribution were RDUs of AAA valued at approximately $12.7 million for the managing partners combined with a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of interest with respect to units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the managing partners and contributing partners, respectively.
Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Contributed Businesses that act as general partners of most of the consolidated funds granted rights to the unaffiliated investors in each respective fund to provide that a simple majority of such funds unaffiliated investors have the right, without cause, to liquidate that fund in accordance with certain procedures. These rights were granted in order to achieve the deconsolidation of such funds from the companys financial statements. For the Apollo funds previously consolidated, these rights became effective either on August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The deconsolidation of these funds present our financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and its related risks. Accordingly, we believe that deconsolidating these funds provides investors with a better understanding of our business. The results of the deconsolidated funds are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements through the date of deconsolidation. Apollo has not granted voting rights to the limited partners of AAA to allow them to liquidate this entity. Therefore, Apollo will continue to control and consolidate this entity in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Apollo also has control and therefore consolidates Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P., or the Metals Trading Fund, which was formed in March 2008. Apollo also consolidates entities that are variable interest entities, or VIEs, for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary as discussed in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Because the company and the Advisor Entities were under the same control group as defined by U.S. GAAP guidance for entities under common control, the Advisor Entities are combined for the periods prior to the effective date of the Reorganization in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements. Also, in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance for determining when a general partner should consolidate certain entities, the Advisor Entities consolidate their respective funds. These Advisor Entities were excluded assets in the Reorganization on July 13, 2007 (see note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus). As such, they are not presented in the consolidated and combined financial statements subsequent to the Reorganization.
Our revenues consist of the following:
|
Management fees, which are calculated based upon any of net asset value, gross assets, adjusted costs of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, capital contributions, invested capital or stockholders equity each as defined in the applicable management agreement of the unconsolidated funds; |
|
Advisory and transaction fees relating to the investments our funds make, or individual monitoring agreements with individual portfolio companies of the private equity funds and capital markets funds as well as advisory services provided to a capital markets fund; and |
|
Carried interest with respect to our private equity funds and our capital markets funds. |
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Our ability to grow our revenues depends in part on our ability to attract new capital and investors, which in turn depends on our ability to appropriately invest our funds capital, and on the conditions in the financial markets, including the availability and cost of leverage, and economic conditions in the United States, Western Europe, Asia, and to some extent, elsewhere in the world. The market factors that impact this include the following:
|
The strength of the alternative investment management industry, including the amount of capital invested and withdrawn from alternative investments . Allocations of capital to the alternative investment sector are dependent, in part, on the strength of the economy and the returns available from other investments relative to returns from alternative investments. Our share of this capital is dependent on the strength of our performance relative to the performance of our competitors. The capital we attract and our returns are drivers of our Assets Under Management, which, in turn, drive the fees we earn. In light of the current volatile conditions in the financial markets, our funds returns may be lower than they have been historically and fundraising efforts may be more challenging. |
|
The strength and liquidity of the U.S. and relevant global equity markets generally, and the initial public offering market specifically . The strength of these markets affects the value of and our ability to successfully exit our equity positions in our private equity portfolio companies in a timely manner. |
|
The strength and liquidity of the U.S. and relevant global debt markets . Our funds and our portfolio companies borrow money to make acquisitions and our funds utilize leverage in order to increase investment returns that ultimately drive the performance of our funds. Furthermore, we utilize debt to finance the principal investments in our funds and for working capital purposes. To the extent our ability to borrow funds becomes more expensive or difficult to obtain, the net returns we can earn on those investments may be reduced. |
|
Stability in interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate markets . We generally benefit from stable interest rate and foreign currency exchange rate markets. The direction and impact of changes in interest rates or foreign currency exchange rates on certain of our funds is dependent on the funds expectations and the related composition of their investments at such time. |
For the most part, we believe the trends in these factors have historically created a favorable investment environment for our funds. However, adverse market conditions may affect our businesses in many ways, including reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds, and/or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow, and affect our financial condition and prospects. As a result of our value-oriented, contrarian investment style which is inherently long-term in nature, there may be significant fluctuations in our financial results from quarter to quarter and year to year.
The financial markets encountered a series of negative events in 2007 and 2008 which led to a global liquidity and broad economic crisis and impacted the performance of many of our portfolio companies and capital markets funds. The impact of such events on our private equity and capital markets funds resulted in volatility in our revenue. If this market volatility continues, we and the funds we manage may experience further tightening of liquidity, reduced earnings and cash flow, impairment charges, as well as challenges in raising additional capital, obtaining investment financing and making investments on attractive terms. These market conditions could also have an impact on our ability to liquidate positions in a timely and efficient manner.
For a more detailed description of how economic and global financial market conditions can materially affect our financial performance and condition, see Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesDifficult market conditions may adversely affect our businesses in many ways, including by reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow and adversely affect our financial prospects and condition.
Uncertainty remains regarding Apollos future taxation levels. On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed legislation that would, if enacted in its present form, preclude us from qualifying for
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treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to TaxationThe U.S. Federal income tax law that determines the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares is under review and is potentially subject to adverse legislative, judicial or administrative change, possibly on a retroactive basis, including possible changes that would result in the treatment of our long-term capital gains as ordinary income, that would cause us to become taxable as a corporation and/or have other adverse effects, Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructureMembers of the U.S. Congress have introduced and the House of Representatives has passed legislation that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying for treatment as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes under the publicly traded partnership rules. If this or any similar legislation or regulation were to be enacted and apply to us, we would incur a substantial increase in our tax liability and it could well result in a reduction in the value of our Class A shares and Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
Our Recent Growth
Despite the recent economic difficulties, we have experienced significant growth in the number of funds that we manage during the past five years. We have achieved this growth by raising additional capital in our private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate businesses, growing AUM where applicable through appreciation and by expanding our businesses using new strategies and geographies. Despite the market turmoil and volatility of the last two years, Fund VII had its final closing in December 2008, with total committed capital of $14.7 billion. In capital markets, we raised COF I, COF II, EPF and three additional strategic investment accounts. We formally introduced the real estate segment into our platform and launched a publicly-traded REIT and a vehicle that invests in CMBS. As a result of our growth, we have experienced an increase in our management fees. To support this growth, we have also experienced a material increase in operating expenses, resulting from hiring additional personnel, opening new offices to expand our geographical reach and incurring additional professional fees.
We believe that the presentation of Economic Net Income (Loss) supplements a readers understanding of the economic operating performance of each segment.
Economic Net Income (Loss)
ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Adjustments relating to income tax expense and Non-Controlling Interests are common in the calculation of supplemental measures of performance in our industry. We believe the exclusion of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation provides investors with meaningful indication of our performance because these charges relate to the equity portion of our capital structure and not our core operating performance.
ENI is a key performance measure used for understanding the performance of our operations from period to period and although not every company in our industry defines these metrics in precisely the same way that we do, we believe that this metric, as we use it, facilitates comparisons with other companies in our industry. We use ENI to evaluate the performance of our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the companys performance. Management also uses ENI in making key operating decisions such as the following:
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Decisions related to the allocation of resources such as staffing decisions including hiring and locations for deployment of the new hires. As the amount of fees, investment income, and ENI is indicative of |
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the performance of the management companies and advisors within each segment, management can assess the need for additional resources and the location for deployment of the new hires based on the results of this measure. For example, a positive ENI could indicate the need for additional staff to manage the respective segment whereas a negative ENI could indicate the need to reduce staff assigned to manage the respective segment. |
|
Decisions related to capital deployment such as providing capital to facilitate growth for our business and/or to facilitate expansion into new businesses. As the amount of fees, investment income, and ENI is indicative of the performance of the management companies and advisors within each segment, management can assess the availability and need to provide capital to facilitate growth or expansion into new businesses based on the results of this measure. For example, a negative ENI may indicate the lack of performance of a segment and thus determine that available capital may be deployed to another segment. |
|
Decisions related to compensation expense, such as determining annual discretionary bonuses to our employees. As the amount of fees, investment income, and ENI is indicative of the performance of the management companies and advisors within each segment, management can better identify higher performing businesses and employees to allocate discretionary bonuses based on the results of this measure. As it relates to compensation, our philosophy has been and remains to better align the interests of certain professionals and selected other individuals who have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to our funds with our own and with those of the investors in the funds. To achieve that objective, a significant amount of compensation paid is based on our performance and growth for the year. For example, a positive ENI could indicate a higher discretionary bonus for a team whereas a negative ENI could indicate the need to reduce bonuses based on poor performance. |
ENI is a measure of profitability and has certain limitations in that it does not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. The items we exclude when calculating ENI are significant to our business: (i) non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation are expected to be recurring components of our costs and we may be able to incur lower cash compensation costs as a result of the financial benefits provided to certain partners and employees and the equity grants that may be made under our equity incentive plan; furthermore, any measure that eliminates compensation costs has material limitations as a performance measure; (ii) income tax expense represents a necessary element of our costs and our ability to generate revenue because ongoing revenue generation is expected to result in future income tax expense; and (iii) Non-Controlling Interests which is expected to be a recurring item and represents the aggregate of the income or loss that is not owned by the company. In light of the foregoing limitations, we do not rely solely on ENI as a performance measure and also consider our U.S. GAAP results.
We believe that ENI is helpful to an understanding of our business and that investors should review the same supplemental financial measure that management uses to analyze our segment performance. This measure supplements and should be considered in addition to and not in lieu of the results of operations discussed below in the Overview of Results of Operations that have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
The following summarizes the adjustments to ENI that reconcile ENI to the net income (loss) attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP:
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Inclusion of the impact of non-cash charges such as equity-based compensation to our managing partners, contributing partners and employees related to Apollo Operating Group units, RSUs, AAA RDUs, ARI RSUs and ARI Restricted Stock Awards that were expensed during the period. Management assesses our performance based on management fees, advisory and transaction fees, and carried interest income generated by the business and excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation because this non-cash charge is not viewed as part of our core operations. |
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Inclusion of the impact of income taxes as we do not take income taxes into consideration when evaluating the performance of our segments or when determining compensation for our employees. Additionally, income taxes at the segment level (which exclude APO Corp.s corporate taxes) are not meaningful, as the majority of the entities included in our segments operate as partnerships and therefore are only subject to New York City unincorporated business taxes and foreign taxes when applicable. |
|
Carried interest income, management fees and other revenues from Apollo funds are reflected on an unconsolidated basis. As such, ENI excludes the Non-Controlling Interests in AAA and the consolidated VIEs, which remain consolidated in our consolidated and combined financial statements. Management views the business as an alternative asset management firm and therefore assesses performance using the combined total of carried interest income and management fees from each of our funds. |
ENI may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies and is not a measure of performance calculated in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We use ENI as a measure of operating performance, not as a measure of liquidity. ENI should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for operating income, net income, operating cash flows, investing and financing activities, or other income or cash flow statement data prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The use of ENI without consideration of related U.S. GAAP measures is not adequate due to the adjustments described above. Management compensates for these limitations by using ENI as a supplemental measure to U.S. GAAP results to provide a more complete understanding of our performance as management measures it. To ensure a complete understanding, a reconciliation of ENI to our U.S. GAAP net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC can be found in the notes to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
In evaluating its various segments, the company also utilizes Adjusted ENI as a performance measure. In arriving at Adjusted ENI, the company removes items from ENI that management believes are non-recurring. Management also removes public offering costs, placement fees and litigation settlements and related insurance proceeds to arrive at Adjusted ENI. However, these costs will recur until our shares are registered, and may recur if we raise additional funds or reach legal settlements on existing or future legal matters. When evaluating the companys management business, management considers Adjusted ENI in the assessment of its performance and in making decisions regarding the allocation of resources and the deployment of its assets. Adjusted ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
We monitor certain operating metrics that are common to the alternative asset management industry. These operating metrics include assets under management, private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments.
Assets Under Management, or AUM, refers to the assets we manage or with respect to which we have control. Our AUM equals the sum of:
(i) | the fair value of our private equity investments plus the capital that we are entitled to call from our investors pursuant to the terms of their capital commitments plus non-recallable capital to the extent a fund is within the commitment period in which management fees are calculated based on total commitments to the fund; |
(ii) | the net asset value, or NAV, of our capital markets funds, other than collateralized senior credit opportunity funds (such as Artus, which we measure by using the mark-to-market value of the aggregate principal amount of the underlying collateralized loan obligations), plus used or available leverage and/or capital commitments; |
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(iii) | the gross asset values of our real estate entities and the structured portfolio vehicle investments included within the funds we manage, which includes the leverage used by such structured portfolio companies; |
(iv) | the incremental value associated with the reinsurance investments of the funds we manage; and |
(v) | the fair value of any other assets that we manage plus unused credit facilities, including capital commitments for investments that may require pre-qualification before investment plus any other capital commitments available for investment that are not otherwise included in the clauses above. |
During the year ended December 31, 2009, the company refined its definition of AUM to reflect leveraged products that had not been identified in our previous AUM definition. Prior period AUM amounts have been recalculated utilizing the above definition.
Our AUM measure includes assets under management for which we charge either no or nominal fees. Our definition of AUM is not based on any definition of assets under management contained in our operating agreement or in any of our Apollo fund management agreements. We consider multiple factors for determining what should be included in our definition of AUM. Such factors include but are not limited to (1) our ability to influence the investment decisions for existing and available assets; (2) our ability to generate income from the underlying assets in our funds; and (3) the AUM measures that we believe are used by other asset managers. Given the differences in the investment strategies and structures among other alternative asset managers, our calculation of AUM may differ from the calculations employed by other asset managers and, as a result, this measure may not be directly comparable to similar measures presented by other asset managers.
AUM as of June 30, 2010 and 2009 and December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are set forth below:
June 30, | December 31, | ||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
(in millions) |
|||||||||||||||
AUM: |
|||||||||||||||
Private equity |
$ | 33,466 | $ | 30,512 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | |||||
Capital markets |
18,964 | 15,415 | 19,112 | 15,108 | 10,533 | ||||||||||
Real estate |
2,103 | | 495 | | | ||||||||||
Total |
$ | 54,533 | $ | 45,927 | $ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | |||||
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The following tables summarize changes in total AUM and AUM for each of our segments for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Change in AUM: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | $ | 24,578 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) |
622 | 2,728 | 9,566 | (11,738 | ) | 801 | ||||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
753 | 249 | 1,934 | 9,871 | 14,235 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(2,122 | ) | (430 | ) | (1,849 | ) | (2,600 | ) | (884 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in leverage |
1,671 | (822 | ) | (244 | ) | 7,899 | 2,040 | |||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 54,533 | $ | 45,927 | $ | 53,609 | $ | 44,202 | $ | 40,770 | ||||||||||
Private Equity AUM Rollforward: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | $ | 20,186 | ||||||||||
Income (loss) |
928 | 1,841 | 6,432 | (8,625 | ) | 637 | ||||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
| | | 5,223 | 9,459 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(1,329 | ) | (21 | ) | (828 | ) | (1,991 | ) | (596 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in leverage |
(135 | ) | (402 | ) | (696 | ) | 4,250 | 551 | ||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 33,466 | $ | 30,512 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | ||||||||||
Capital Markets AUM Rollforward: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 19,112 | $ | 15,108 | $ | 15,108 | $ | 10,533 | $ | 4,392 | ||||||||||
(Loss) income |
(365 | ) | 887 | 3,137 | (3,113 | ) | 164 | |||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
395 | 249 | 1,617 | 4,648 | 4,776 | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(610 | ) | (409 | ) | (1,021 | ) | (609 | ) | (288 | ) | ||||||||||
Change in leverage |
432 | (420 | ) | 271 | 3,649 | 1,489 | ||||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 18,964 | $ | 15,415 | $ | 19,112 | $ | 15,108 | $ | 10,533 | ||||||||||
Real Estate AUM Rollforward: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Beginning of period |
$ | 495 | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Income (loss) |
59 | | (3 | ) | | | ||||||||||||||
Subscriptions |
358 | | 317 | | | |||||||||||||||
Distributions / redemptions |
(183 | ) | | | | | ||||||||||||||
Change in leverage |
1,374 | | 181 | | | |||||||||||||||
End of period |
$ | 2,103 | $ | | $ | 495 | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Private Equity
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, the AUM in our private equity segment decreased by $0.5 billion, or 1.6%. This decrease was primarily due to $1.0 billion of distributions from Fund V, and $0.2 billion of distributions from Fund VII. This decrease was offset by $0.9 billion of income that was primarily attributable to improved investment valuations in our private equity funds, including $0.6 billion in Fund VI. See Segment Analysis, which includes a detailed discussion of the impact that significant changes in our AUM within our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments had on our revenues by segment.
During the six months ended June 30, 2009, the AUM in our private equity segment increased by $1.4 billion, or 4.9%. There was $1.8 billion of income that was primarily attributable to Fund VI offset by a $(0.4) billion change in leverage, which was primarily attributable to additional leverage provided by LeverageSource, L.P., or LeverageSource, a special-purpose entity that invests in numerous portfolio companies that in turn invest in debt securities and derivative instruments.
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During the year ended December 31, 2009, the AUM in our private equity segment increased by $4.9 billion, or 16.9%. This increase was impacted by $6.4 billion of income that was primarily attributable to improved investment valuations in our private equity funds, including $4.2 billion in Fund VI. Offsetting this increase was $0.3 billion of distributions from Fund IV, $0.3 billion of distributions from Fund VI and $0.2 billion of distributions from Fund VII. See Segment Analysis, which includes a detailed discussion of the impact that significant changes in our AUM within our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments had on our revenues by segment.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, the AUM in our private equity segment decreased by $1.1 billion, or 3.8%. There was $5.2 billion of capital commitments raised for Fund VII and a $4.3 billion change in leverage, which was primarily attributable to additional leverage provided by LeverageSource. These AUM increases were offset by $2.0 billion in distributions, which was primarily attributable to $1.7 billion in sales of Fund V portfolio investments. There were also $4.8 billion and $1.9 billion of declines in the investment valuations of Fund VI and Fund V, respectively, which were primarily due to the economic crisis that expanded during 2008.
The $10.1 billion, or 49.8%, increase in the AUM of our private equity segment during the year-ended December 31, 2007 was primarily the result of raising $9.5 billion in capital commitments to Fund VII, which commenced operations during late 2007.
Capital Markets
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, AUM in our capital markets segment decreased by $0.1 billion, or 0.8%. This decrease was impacted by $0.4 billion of losses that were primarily attributable to lower investment valuations in our capital market funds and distributions of $0.6 billion. The decrease was offset by $0.4 billion of leverage and $0.4 billion in subscriptions primarily related to AIC and our strategic investment accounts.
During the six months ended June 30, 2009, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $0.3 billion, or 2.0%. This increase was primarily attributable to $0.9 billion in income due to improved investment valuations, most notably with respect to ACLF and SOMA, along with $0.2 billion in additional subscriptions primarily resulting from AICs equity issuances. Offsetting these increases was $0.4 billion in distributions, primarily with respect to SVF, VIF and AAOF, and $0.4 billion of net decreased leverage principally from COF I and COF II.
During the year ended December 31, 2009, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $4.0 billion, or 26.5%. This increase was primarily attributable to improved investment valuations in COF I and COF II of $0.8 billion and $0.6 billion, respectively, and $0.7 billion and $0.4 billion of improved investment valuations in ACLF and the Value Funds, respectively. The overall AUM gain in our capital markets segment was also positively impacted by additional subscriptions of $1.6 billion, which was primarily comprised of additional capital raised by EPF, Palmetto and AIC of approximately $0.6 billion, $0.6 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $4.6 billion, or 43.4%. This increase was mainly driven by COF I and COF II, which had a combined $2.9 billion in additional subscriptions and $3.2 billion of leverage added during this period. These funds began investing in 2008 in order to capitalize on the supply-demand imbalances in the leveraged finance market. EPF also had $0.8 billion in subscriptions during the year ended December 31, 2008. Offsetting these increases were $3.1 billion of declines in the investment valuations in several of our capital markets funds, including $0.8 billion in AIC and $0.5 billion in AIE I, which were the result of the economic crisis that expanded during 2008.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, AUM in our capital markets segment increased by $6.1 billion, or 139.8%, which was primarily comprised of $4.8 billion in additional capital raised, including $1.0 billion for the collateralized loan obligation vehicle in which Artus has invested, $0.8 billion for SOMA, $0.7 billion for ACLF, $0.8 billion for AIC, $0.4 billion for AIE I, $0.4 billion for AAOF and $0.4 billion for EPF. There was also $1.5 billion in additional leverage that was primarily used by AIE I and AIC during 2007.
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Real Estate
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, AUM in our real estate segment increased by $1.6 billion, or 324.8%. This increase was comprised of $0.4 million of subscriptions that resulted from the initial public offering and concurrent private placement by ARI as well as the formation of the AGRE CMBS Account, and $1.4 billion in additional leverage, primarily due to the investment from Athene.
During the year ended December 31, 2009, AUM in our real estate segment increased by $0.5 billion. This increase was comprised of $0.3 billion of subscriptions that resulted from the $0.2 billion initial public offering and concurrent private placement by ARI as well as the formation of the AGRE CMBS Account, which raised $0.1 billion in equity capital.
Assets Under ManagementFee-Generating/Non-Fee Generating
Fee-generating AUM consists of assets that we manage and on which we earn management fees or monitoring fees pursuant to management agreements on a basis that varies among the Apollo funds. Management fees are normally based on net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, stockholders equity, invested capital or capital contributions, each as defined in the applicable management agreement. Monitoring fees for AUM purposes are based on the total value of certain structured portfolio vehicle investments, which normally include leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered in fee-generating AUM.
Non-fee generating AUM consists of assets that do not produce management fees or monitoring fees. These assets generally consist of the following: (a) fair value above invested capital for those funds that earn management fees based on invested capital, (b) net asset values related to general partner interests and co-investments, (c) unused credit facilities, (d) available commitments on those funds that generate management fees on invested capital, and (e) structured portfolio vehicle investments that do not generate monitoring fees. We use non-fee generating AUM combined with fee-generating AUM as a performance measurement of our investment activities, as well as to monitor fund size in relation to professional resource and infrastructure needs. Non-fee generating AUM includes assets on which we could earn carried interest income.
The table below displays fee-generating and non-fee generating AUM by segment as of June 30, 2010 and 2009, and December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. The changes in market conditions and additional funds raised have had significant impacts to our AUM.
Assets Under ManagementFee-Generating/Non-Fee Generating
As of June 30, |
As of
December 31, |
||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Private equity |
$ | 33,466 | $ | 30,512 | $ | 34,002 | $ | 29,094 | $ | 30,237 | |||||
Fee-generating |
27,455 | 28,449 | 28,092 | 28,314 | 14,039 | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
6,011 | 2,063 | 5,910 | 780 | 16,198 | ||||||||||
Capital markets |
18,964 | 15,415 | 19,112 | 15,108 | 10,533 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating |
15,335 | 12,757 | 14,854 | 12,629 | 8,502 | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
3,629 | 2,658 | 4,258 | 2,479 | 2,031 | ||||||||||
Real estate |
2,103 | | 495 | | | ||||||||||
Fee-generating |
448 | | 279 | | | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
1,655 | | 216 | | | ||||||||||
Total Assets Under Management |
54,533 | 45,927 | 53,609 | 44,202 | 40,770 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating |
43,238 | 41,206 | 43,225 | 40,943 | 22,541 | ||||||||||
Non-fee generating |
11,295 | 4,721 | 10,384 | 3,259 | 18,229 |
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The increases in our fee-generating AUM are generally the result of our fundraising efforts and changes in invested capital for new investments, which is partially offset by realizations of investments. Fund VII, which had its final closing on December 17, 2008, had final total committed capital of $14.7 billion, as compared with Fund VI, which had total committed capital of $10.1 billion. Additionally, in 2008, COF I, COF II and EPF raised significant capital, which is included in our capital markets AUM. In 2007, we raised approximately $4.8 billion of capital for our new capital markets funds. We also experienced significant negative value impacts on our AUM for periods in late 2008 and early 2009, as a result of the economic crisis that began in the second half of 2007. Investment values began to increase as signs of economic improvement were noted during the second and third quarters of 2009. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, our fee-generating AUM changed primarily as a result of a decrease in return of capital and sales in our private equity funds, offset by an increase in new capital raised in our capital market funds. During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and the year ended December 31, 2009, our non-fee generating AUM changed primarily as a result of the increases in fair values of investments above invested capital in our private equity and certain capital markets funds. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, there was also a $1.4 billion increase in the real estate segments non-fee generating AUM, which was primarily the result of additional leverage used by the AGRE CMBS Account.
When the fair value of an investment exceeds invested capital, we are normally entitled to carried interest income on the difference between the fair value and invested capital after also considering certain expenses and preferred return amounts, as specified in their respective partnership agreements. However, we do not earn management fees on such excess. As a result of the growth in both the size and number of funds that we manage, we have experienced an increase in our management fees and advisory and transaction fees. To support this growth, we have also experienced an increase in operating expenses, resulting from hiring additional personnel, opening new offices to expand our geographical reach and incurring additional professional fees.
With respect to our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, we charge management fees on the amount of committed or invested capital and we generally are entitled to carried interest on the realized gains on the investments that are disposed of. Certain funds may have current fair values below invested capital. However, the management fee would still be computed on the invested capital for such funds. With respect to ARI, we receive management fees on stockholders equity as defined in its management agreement. In addition, our fee-generating AUM reflects leverage vehicles that generate monitoring fees. Our total fee-generating AUM is comprised of approximately 84% of assets that earn management fees and the balance of assets earn monitoring fees.
See The Historical Investment Performance of Our FundsInvestment Record for additional discussion of our funds investment performance.
The companys entire fee-generating AUM is subject to management or monitoring fees. The components of fee-generating AUM as of June 30, 2010 and as of December 31, 2009 are presented below:
As of June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital Markets |
Real
Estate |
Total | |||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on capital commitments |
$ | 14,289 | $ | 1,544 | $ | | $ | 15,833 | ||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on invested capital |
8,815 | 3,186 | | 12,001 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on gross/adjusted assets |
879 | 4,801 | 448 | 6,128 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on leverage (1) |
3,472 | 3,385 | | 6,857 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on NAV |
| 2,419 | | 2,419 | ||||||||||
Total Fee-Generating AUM |
$ | 27,455 | (2) | $ | 15,335 | (3) | $ | 448 | $ | 43,238 | ||||
(1) | Monitoring fees are normally based on the total value of certain special purpose vehicle investments, which includes leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered for fee-generating AUM. Monitoring fees are typically calculated using a 0.5% annual rate. |
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(2) | The weighted average remaining life of the private equity funds excluding permanent capital vehicles at June 30, 2010 is 80 months. |
(3) | The fee-generating AUM for the capital markets funds has no concentration across the investment strategies. |
(4) | The fee-generating AUM for our real estate entities is based on an adjusted equity amount as specified by the respective management agreements. |
As of December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital Markets |
Real
Estate |
Total | ||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on capital commitments |
$ | 14,289 | $ | 2,472 | $ | | $ | 16,761 | |||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on invested capital |
9,336 | 1,782 | | 11,118 | |||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on gross/adjusted assets |
902 | 4,755 | 279 | (4) | 5,936 | ||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on leverage (1) |
3,565 | 3,580 | | 7,145 | |||||||||||
Fee-generating AUM based on NAV |
| 2,265 | | 2,265 | |||||||||||
Total Fee-Generating AUM |
$ | 28 , 092 | (2) | $ | 14,854 | (3) | $ | 279 | $ | 43,225 | |||||
(1) | Monitoring fees are normally based on the total value of certain special purpose vehicle investments, which includes leverage, less any portion of such total value that is already considered for fee-generating AUM. Monitoring fees are typically calculated using a 0.5% annual rate. |
(2) | The weighted average remaining life of the private equity funds excluding permanent capital vehicles at December 31, 2009 is 82 months. |
(3) | The fee-generating AUM for the capital markets funds has no concentration across the investment strategies. |
(4) | The fee-generating AUM for our real estate entities is based on an adjusted equity amount as specified by the respective management agreements. |
Private Equity Dollars Invested and Uncalled Private Equity Commitments
Private equity dollars invested represents the aggregate amount of capital invested by our private equity funds during a reporting period. Uncalled private equity commitments, by contrast, represent unfunded commitments by investors in our private equity funds to contribute capital to fund future investments or expenses incurred by the funds, fees and applicable expenses. Private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments are indicative of the pace and magnitude of fund capital that is deployed or will be deployed, and which therefore could result in future revenues that include transaction fees and incentive income. Private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments can also give rise to future costs that are related to the hiring of additional resources to manage and account for the additional capital that is deployed or will be deployed. Management uses private equity dollars invested and uncalled private equity commitments as key operating metrics since we believe the results measure our investment activities.
The following table summarizes the private equity dollars invested during the specified reporting periods:
For the Three Months
Ended June 30, |
For the Six Months
Ended
June 30, |
For the Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Private equity dollars invested |
$ | 1,967,000 | $ | 986,600 | $ | 2,263,300 | $ | 1,891,200 | $ | 3,475,500 | $ | 8,079,099 | $ | 3,638,326 |
The following table summarizes the uncalled private equity commitments as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007:
As of
June 30, 2010 |
As of December 31, | |||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Uncalled private equity commitments |
$ | 10,802,300 | $ | 13,027,100 | $ | 13,554,800 | $ | 16,406,200 |
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The Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds
Below we present information relating to the historical performance of our funds, including certain legacy Apollo funds that do not have a meaningful amount of unrealized investments, and in respect of which the general partner interest has not been contributed to us. The data for these funds are presented from the date indicated through July 13, 2007 and have not been adjusted to reflect acquisitions or disposals of investments subsequent to that date.
When considering the data presented below, you should note that the historical results of our funds are not indicative of the future results that you should expect from such funds, from any future funds we may raise or from your investment in our Class A shares. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of the Apollo funds, and the assets and revenues of our funds are not directly available to us. As a result of the deconsolidation of most of our funds, we will not be consolidating those funds in our financial statements for periods after either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The historical and potential future returns of the funds we manage are not directly linked to returns on our Class A shares. Therefore, you should not conclude that continued positive performance of the funds we manage will necessarily result in positive returns on an investment in our Class A shares. However, poor performance of the funds that we manage would cause a decline in our revenue from such funds, and would therefore have a negative effect on our performance and in all likelihood the value in our Class A shares. There can be no assurance that any Apollo fund will continue to achieve the same results in the future.
Moreover, the historical returns of our funds should not be considered indicative of the future results you should expect from such funds or from any future funds we may raise, in part because:
|
market conditions during previous periods were significantly more favorable for generating positive performance, particularly in our private equity business, than the market conditions we have experienced for the last two years and may continue to experience for the foreseeable future; |
|
our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that currently do not exist and may not repeat themselves, and there can be no assurance that our current or future funds will be able to avail themselves of profitable investment opportunities; |
|
our private equity funds rates of return, which are calculated on the basis of net asset value of the funds investments, reflect unrealized gains, which may never be realized; |
|
our funds returns have benefited from investment opportunities and general market conditions that may not repeat themselves, including the availability of debt capital on attractive terms, and we may not be able to achieve the same returns or profitable investment opportunities or deploy capital as quickly; |
|
the historical returns that we present in this prospectus derive largely from the performance of our earlier private equity funds, whereas future fund returns will depend increasingly on the performance of our newer funds, which may have little or no investment track record; |
|
Fund VI and Fund VII are several times larger than our previous private equity funds, and we may not be able to deploy this additional capital as profitably as our prior funds; |
|
the attractive returns of certain of our funds have been driven by the rapid return of invested capital, which has not occurred with respect to all of our funds and we believe is less likely to occur in the future; |
|
our track record with respect to our capital markets and real estate funds is relatively short as compared to our private equity funds; |
|
in recent years, there has been increased competition for private equity investment opportunities resulting from the increased amount of capital invested in private equity funds and periods of high liquidity in debt markets, which may result in lower returns for the funds; and |
120
|
our newly established funds may generate lower returns during the period that they take to deploy their capital; consequently, we do not provide return information for any funds which have not been actively investing capital for at least 36 months prior to the valuation date as we believe this information is not meaningful. |
Finally, our private equity IRRs have historically varied greatly from fund to fund. For example, Fund IV has generated an 11%
gross IRR and an 8% net IRR since its inception through June 30, 2010, while Fund V has generated a 62% gross IRR and a 45% net IRR since its inception through June 30, 2010. Accordingly, the IRR going forward for any current or future
fund may vary considerably from the historical IRR generated by any particular fund, or for our private equity funds as a whole. Future returns will also be affected by the applicable risks described elsewhere in this prospectus, including risks of
the industries and businesses in which a particular fund invests. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesThe historical returns attributable to our funds should not be considered as indicative of the future results of our
Investment Record
Private Equity
The following table summarizes the investment record for our private equity fund portfolios apart from AAA. All amounts are as of June 30, 2010, unless otherwise noted. See Terms Used in This Prospectus for the definitions of the terms multiple of invested capital, gross IRR, and net IRR used in the table below.
Vintage
Year |
Committed
Capital |
Total
Invested Capital |
Realized | Unrealized (1) |
Total
Value |
Multiple
of Invested Capital (5) |
As
of
June 30, 2010 |
As of
December 31, 2009 |
As of
December 31, 2008 |
As of
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
Gross
IRR |
Net
IRR |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund VII |
2008 | $ | 14,676 | $ | 6,285 | $ | 2,362 | $ | 5,342 | $ | 7,704 | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | ( 4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | |||||||||||||||
Fund VI |
2006 | 10,136 | 11,277 | 3,261 | 9,423 | 12,684 | 1.3 | 6 | % | 6 | % | 5 | % | 4 | % | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | NM | (4) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Fund V |
2001 | 3,742 | 5,192 | 10,951 | 1,657 | 12,608 | 3.4 | 62 | 45 | 62 | 46 | 63 | % | 47 | % | 71 | % | 54 | % | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund IV |
1998 | 3,600 | 3,481 | 5,693 | 567 | 6,260 | 1.8 | 11 | 8 | 11 | 8 | 10 | 8 | 13 | 10 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund III |
1995 | 1,500 | 1,499 | 2,591 | 54 | 2,645 | 1.8 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 11 | 18 | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fund I, II & MIA (2) |
1990/92 | 2,220 | 3,773 | 7,924 | | 7,924 | 3.6 | 47 | 37 | 47 | 37 | 47 | 37 | 47 | 37 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | 35,874 | $ | 31,507 | $ | 32,782 | $ | 17,043 | $ | 49,825 | 2.4 | x (3) | 39 | % | 26 | % | 39 | % | 26 | % | 39 | % | 25 | % | 41 | % | 29 | % | ||||||||||||||||
(1) | Figures include the market values, estimated fair value of certain unrealized investments and capital committed to investments. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesMany of our funds invest in relatively high-risk, illiquid assets and we may fail to realize any profits from these activities for a considerable period of time or lose some or all of the principal amount we invest in these activities and Our funds may be forced to dispose of investments at a disadvantageous time for a discussion of why our unrealized investments may ultimately be realized at valuations different than those provided here. |
(2) | Fund I and Fund II were structured such that investments were made from either fund depending on which fund had available capital. We do not differentiate between Fund I and Fund II investments for purposes of performance figures because they are not meaningful on a separate basis and do not demonstrate the progression of returns over time. |
(3) | This figure represents an average of the multiples of invested capital for the funds included in the table, excluding funds that began investing less than 36 months from the valuation date. |
(4) | Fund VI and Fund VII did not begin investing the majority of their capital at least 36 months prior to the period indicated. Due to the limited investment period for these private equity funds and the longer overall investment period, we believe multiple of invested capital and return information, as applicable, is not yet meaningful. |
(5) | Multiple of invested capital means (i) with respect to a given investment as of any date, the actual amount realized with respect to such investment plus the estimated fair market value of the remaining interest in such investment as of such date divided by the total capital invested in such investment through such date, and (ii) with respect to a fund as of any date, the aggregate actual amount realized in respect of such funds investments plus the estimated fair market value of the funds remaining interests in such investments as of such date divided by the lesser of the total capital invested in such investments and the total committed capital of such fund. |
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Capital Markets and Real Estate
The following table summarizes the investment record for certain of our capital markets and real estate funds. Each fund included in the table below did not begin investing the majority of its capital at least 24 months prior to the valuation date of June 30, 2010. Due to the limited investment period for these funds, return information is not provided since we do not believe such information is meaningful. All amounts are as of June 30, 2010.
Year of
Inception |
Committed
Capital |
Current
Invested Capital |
Current Net
Asset Value |
||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||
AIE II (1) |
2008 | $ | 251.7 | $ | 227.5 | $ | 329.8 | ||||
EPF (1) |
2007 | 1,578.4 | 849.2 | 823.8 | |||||||
Palmetto |
2008 | 759.0 | 252.0 | 284.8 | |||||||
ARI |
2009 | 210.0 | 210.0 | 198.6 | |||||||
AGRE CMBS Account |
2009 | 290.0 | 290.0 | 311.7 |
(1) | Funds denominated in Euros and translated into U.S. Dollars at an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010. |
The following table summarizes the investment record for the Value Funds, SOMA, AAOF, AIC, COF I, COF II, ACLF and Artus. All amounts are as of June 30, 2010, unless otherwise noted. See Terms Used in this Prospectus for the definitions of the terms used in the table below:
Net Return | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Year of
Inception |
Net Asset
Value as of June 30, 2010 |
Since
Inception to June 30, 2010 |
For the
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 |
Since
Inception to December 31, 2009 |
For Year
Ended December 31, 2009 |
For Year
Ended December 31, 2008 |
For Year
Ended December 31, 2007 |
|||||||||||||||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Value Funds |
2003/2006 | $ | 870.3 | (1) | 54.2 | % | 4.3 | % | 28.7 | % | 47.9 | % | 57.7 | % | (29.4 | )% | 4.6 | % | |||||||||
SOMA (2) |
2007 | 964.8 | 29.4 | 7.5 | 37.2 | 20.3 | 87.1 | (36.4 | ) | 1.1 | |||||||||||||||||
AAOF |
2007 | 333.8 | 6.0 | 2.9 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 16.2 | (23.9 | ) | 16.5 | |||||||||||||||||
AIC (3) |
2004 | 1,842.9 | 4.4 | (3.3 | ) | 8.3 | 34.8 | 17.0 | (35.1 | ) | 21.0 | ||||||||||||||||
COF I (4) |
2008 | 1,423.4 | 13.5 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | 20.5 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | N/A | ||||||||||||||
COF II (4) |
2008 | 1,718.1 | 10.1 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | 15.1 | N/A | (4) | N/A | (4) | N/A | ||||||||||||||
ACLF |
2007 | 674.7 | 4.3 | (6.2 | ) | 76.3 | 8.9 | 149.8 | (85.5 | ) | (18.2 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Artus |
2007 | 55.9 | (21.8 | ) | 52.8 | N/A | (39.4 | ) | N/A | (100.0 | ) | (3.3 | ) |
(1) | The net asset value of the Value Funds is exclusive of $105.3 million of investments that were transferred to a strategic investment account on January 1, 2010. |
(2) | SOMA returns for primary mandate. |
(3) | Return amounts for AIC represent net asset value returns. |
(4) | The net return is calculated differently for COF I and COF II in the table above. COF I and COF II calculate an internal rate of return since inception (IRR) which is computed based on the actual dates of capital contributions, distributions and ending limited partners capital as of the specified date above. The IRR of the limited partners is net of all fees and profit allocations (carried interest) to the general partner, if any. Year-to-date returns are not calculated for COF I and COF II as dates prior to 24 months from inception are not presented. All returns are inception to date. |
For a description of each funds investments and overall investment strategy, please refer to BusinessOur Businesses.
Performance information for our funds is included throughout this discussion and analysis to facilitate an understanding of our results of operations for the periods presented. An investment in our Class A shares is not an investment in any of our funds. The performance information reflected in this discussion and analysis is not indicative of the possible performance of our Class A shares and is also not necessarily indicative of the future results of any particular fund. There can be no assurance that our funds will continue to achieve, or that our future funds will achieve, comparable results.
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The following table provides a summary of the cost and fair value of our funds investments by segment. The cost and fair values of our private equity investments represent the current invested capital and unrealized values, respectively, in Fund VII, Fund VI, Fund V and Fund IV.
As of June 30, | As of December 31, | |||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||
(in millions) | ||||||||||||
Private Equity: |
||||||||||||
Cost |
$ | 13,735 | $ | 12,788 | $ | 12,240 | $ | 6,011 | ||||
Fair Value |
16,989 | 15,971 | 8,890 | 12,295 | ||||||||
Capital Markets: |
||||||||||||
Cost |
9,652 | 8,569 | 9,028 | 7,362 | ||||||||
Fair Value |
9,683 | 8,811 | 6,154 | 7,325 | ||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Cost |
1,909 | 271 | | | ||||||||
Fair Value |
1,921 | 270 | | |
Redemption
Our distressed and hedge funds and our Palmetto fund generally permit investors to withdraw capital through redemptions, although our Palmetto fund is not permitted to withdraw capital from our private equity funds, capital markets funds or other co-investments that do not permit investors to redeem capital. Under the terms of their respective partnership agreements, investors in such funds are required to provide advance written notice prior to redemption. The timing of the required notice ranges from 5 days to 90 days prior to the redemption date or in the case of certain offshore feeder funds, such number of days as directors of the fund may from time to time determine. To date, none of the Apollo funds have suspended redemption requests. However, in December 2008 and March 2009, respectively, SVF and AAOF notified their investors of their intention to satisfy redemption requests partially in cash and partially in-kind. In respect of the in-kind portion of redemption payments, investors may choose between an actual in-kind distribution of securities having a net asset value equal to the remaining redemption proceeds due and the conversion of a portion of their interests in SVF or AAOF, as applicable, into a new liquidating class of interests. As investments are sold or monetized, the net proceeds attributable to liquidating interests are not reinvested but instead are held in cash or cash equivalents for distribution to the holders of liquidating interests. In the case of SVF, an investor holding a liquidating interest has a limited ability to direct SVF to sell assets for its benefit. In the case of AAOF, holders of liquidating interests may choose between two classes, one of which provides the holder with the additional limited ability to direct AAOF to sell assets for its benefit.
Our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds and real estate funds do not permit investors to withdraw capital through redemptions.
Significant redemption activity, if any, is discussed under the tables that summarize changes in total AUM and AUM for each of our segments. See Operating MetricsAssets Under Management for these tables.
See BusinessFees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination for additional discussion of redemption features in our funds.
Overview of Results of Operations
Revenues
Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates. As a result of providing advisory services with respect to actual and potential private equity and capital markets investments, we are entitled to receive fees for
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transactions related to the acquisition and, in certain instances, disposition of portfolio companies as well as fees for ongoing monitoring of portfolio company operations and directors fees. We also receive an advisory fee for advisory services provided to a capital markets fund. In addition, monitoring fees are generated on certain special purpose vehicle investments. Under the terms of the limited partnership agreements for certain of our private equity and capital markets funds, the advisory and transaction fees earned are subject to a reduction of a percentage of such advisory and transaction fees (the Management Fee Offsets).
The Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund as follows:
|
65%-68% for private equity funds gross advisory, transaction and other special fees; |
|
65%-80% for certain capital markets funds gross advisory, transaction and other special fees; and |
|
100% for certain other capital markets funds gross advisory, transaction and other special fees. |
These offsets are reflected as a decrease in Advisory and Transaction fees from Affiliates on our consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Additionally, in the normal course of business, the management companies incur certain costs related to private equity funds (and certain capital markets funds) transactions that are not consummated, or broken deal costs. A portion of broken deal costs related to certain of our private equity funds, up to the total amount of advisory and transaction fees, are reimbursed by the unconsolidated funds (through reductions of the management fee offset described above), except for Fund VII and certain of our capital markets funds which initially bear all broken deal costs and these costs are factored into the Management Fee Offsets.
Management Fees from Affiliates. The significant growth of the assets we manage has had a positive effect on our revenues. Management fees are calculated based upon any of net asset value, gross assets, adjusted costs of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, invested capital, adjusted assets, capital contributions, or stockholders equity, each as defined in the applicable management agreement of the unconsolidated funds. Fees earned from our consolidated funds are eliminated in consolidation. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007, therefore, periods subsequent to these dates, management fees associated with these funds are included in the consolidated and combined statement of operations. As the number of funds we manage has increased year over year so have our management fees.
Carried Interest Income from Affiliates. The general partners of our funds, in general, are entitled to an incentive return that can amount to as much as 20% of the total returns on fund capital, depending upon performance of the underlying funds and subject to preferred returns and high water marks, as applicable. The carried interest income from affiliates is recognized in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to accounting for arrangement fees based on a formula. In applying the U.S. GAAP guidance, the carried interest from affiliates for any period is based upon an assumed liquidation of the funds net assets at the reporting date, and distribution of the net proceeds in accordance with the funds allocation provisions.
The general partners of certain of our distressed and hedge funds accrue carried interest when the fair value of investments exceeds the cost basis of the individual investors investments in the fund, including any allocable share of expenses incurred in connection with such investments. These high water marks are applied on an individual investor basis. All of our distressed and hedge funds have investors with various high water marks and, subject to market conditions and investment performance, we believe that these high water marks are reasonably likely to be surpassed in future periods. As of June 30, 2010, the general partners of Fund V, Fund VII, our Value Funds, SOMA, COF I and COF II were accruing carried interest income because the fair value of the investments of certain investors in these funds are in excess of their cost basis and allocable share of expenses. The investment advisor of AIC was also accruing carried interest income because the underlying
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investments of AIC were generating interest and dividend income. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 95% and 99% of the investments in the Value Funds and SOMA, respectively, were generating carried interest income. All of the limited partners of COF I and COF II were above each funds 8.0% and 7.5% hurdle rates, respectively, and generating carried interest income. See Operating MetricsPrivate Equity Carried Interest Income for a detailed discussion of the carried interest income of our private equity funds, including Fund V and Fund VII.
Carried interest income from our private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to contingent repayment by the general partner in the event of future losses to the extent that the cumulative carried interest distributed from inception to date exceeds the amount computed as due to the general partner at the final distribution. These general partner obligations, if applicable, are disclosed by private equity fund in the table below. There were no such general partner obligations related to our capital markets or real estate funds as of the June 30, 2010 balance sheet date. Carried interest receivables are reported on a separate line item within the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. Carried interest from our consolidated funds is eliminated in consolidation. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007; therefore, subsequent to these dates, the carried interest income associated with these funds subsequent to deconsolidation is included in the consolidated and combined statement of operations.
Private Equity Carried Interest Income
The tables below present additional information related to carried interest income generated by the private equity funds that the company manages. Carried interest income fee rates are generally 20% for our private equity funds. In certain private equity funds, the company does not earn carried interest income until the investors in the fund have achieved cumulative investment returns on invested capital (including management fees and operating expenses) in excess of an 8% hurdle rate. So long as the investors achieve their priority returns, there is a catch-up formula whereby the company earns a priority return for a portion of the return until the companys carried interest income equates to its incentive fee rate for that fund; thereafter, the company participates in returns from the fund at the carried interest income rate. Carried interest income is subject to reversal to the extent that the carried interest income recognized exceeds the amount to which the general partner is entitled based on a funds cumulative investment returns. The general partner obligation represents all amounts previously distributed to the general partner that would need to be repaid to the Apollo funds if these funds were to be liquidated based on the current fair value of the underlying funds investments as of the reporting date. The actual general partner obligation, however, would not become payable until the end of a funds life.
The following table summarizes our carried interest income since the inception of our private equity funds through June 30, 2010:
Carried interest income since inception | ||||||||||||||||
Fund |
Undistributed
by fund & recognized |
Distributed
by fund & recognized |
General partner
obligation as of June 30, 2010 |
Total
undistributed and distributed by fund & recognized (1) |
Maximum carried
interest income subject to potential reversal (2) |
|||||||||||
(in millions) |
||||||||||||||||
Fund VII |
$ | 131.6 | $ | 64.0 | $ | | $ | 195.6 | $ | 153.6 | ||||||
Fund VI |
| 44.4 | (13.1 | ) | 31.3 | | ||||||||||
Fund V |
158.6 | 1,252.7 | | 1,411.3 | 287.5 | |||||||||||
Fund IV |
| 387.8 | | 387.8 | 97.5 | |||||||||||
Total |
$ | 290.2 | $ | 1,748.9 | $ | (13.1 | ) | $ | 2,026.0 | $ | 538.6 | |||||
(1) | Amounts were computed based on the fair value of fund investments on June 30, 2010. As a result, carried interest income has been allocated to and recognized by the general partner. Based on the amount of carried interest income allocated, a portion is subject to potential reversal at June 30, 2010. |
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(2) | Represents the amount of carried interest income that would be reversed if remaining fund investments were liquidated at zero value on June 30, 2010. Amounts subject to potential reversal of carried interest income include amounts undistributed by a fund (i.e., the carried interest receivable), as well as a portion of the amounts that have been distributed by a fund, net of taxes not subject to a general partner obligation to return previously distributed carried interest income. |
The following table summarizes the investment gains needed to generate carried interest income from funds that are currently not generating carried interest income based on the fair value of the underlying funds investments as of June 30, 2010.
Fund |
Fair Value of
Investments as of June 30, 2010 |
Gain to Cross
Carried Interest Income Threshold |
Gain to Cross
Carried Interest Income Threshold % |
||||||
(in millions) | |||||||||
Fund VI |
$ | 9,422.7 | $ | 899.3 | 9.5 | % | |||
Fund IV |
567.3 | 184.8 | 32.6 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 9,990.0 | $ | 1,084.1 | 10.9 | % | |||
Note: Fund VII and Fund V are not included as these funds are allocating carried interest income to their general partner.
Expenses
Compensation and Benefits. Our most significant expense is compensation and benefits expense. This consists of fixed salary, discretionary and non-discretionary bonuses, profit sharing expense associated with the carried interest income earned from private equity funds and capital markets funds and recognition of compensation expense associated with the vesting of non-cash equity-based awards.
Our compensation arrangements with certain partners and employees contain a significant performance-based bonus component. Therefore, as our net revenues increase, our compensation costs also rise or can be lower when net revenues decrease. In addition, our compensation costs reflect the increased investment in people as we expand geographically and create new funds. All payments for services rendered by our managing partners prior to the Reorganization have been accounted for as partnership distributions rather than compensation and benefits expense. As a result, the financial statements have not reflected compensation expense for services rendered by these individuals. Subsequent to the Reorganization, our managing partners are considered employees of Apollo. As such, payments for services made to these individuals, including the expense associated with Apollo Operating Group unit grants described below, have been recorded as compensation expense. The Apollo Operating Group units were granted to the managing partners and contributing partners at the time of the Reorganization, as discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
In addition, certain professionals and selected other individuals have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to these funds in order to better align their interests with our own and with those of the investors in these funds. Profit sharing expense is part of our compensation and benefits expense and is based upon a fixed percentage of private equity and capital markets carried interest income on a pre-tax and a pre-consolidated basis. Profit sharing expense can reverse during periods when there is a decline in carried interest income that was previously recognized. Profit sharing amounts are normally distributed to employees after the corresponding investment gains have been realized and preferred returns achieved for the investors. Therefore, changes in our unrealized gains (losses) for investments have the same effect on our profit sharing expense. Profit sharing expense increases when unrealized gains increase. Realizations only impact profit sharing expense to the extent that the effects on investments have not been recognized previously. If losses on other investments within a fund are subsequently realized, the profit sharing amounts previously distributed are normally subject to a general partner obligation to return carried interest income previously distributed back to the funds. This general partner obligation due to the funds would be realized only when the fund is liquidated,
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which generally occurs at the end of the funds term. However, indemnification clauses may also exist for pre-reorganization realized gains, which, although our managing partners and contributing partners would remain personally liable, may indemnify our managing partners and contributing partners for 17.5% to 100% of the previously distributed profits regardless of the funds future performance. Refer to note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further discussion of indemnification.
Salary expense for services rendered by our managing partners is limited to $100,000 per year for a five-year period that commenced in September 2007 and will likely increase subsequent to September 2012. Additionally, in connection with the Reorganization, the managing partners and contributing partners received Apollo Operating Group units with a vesting period of five to six years and certain employees were granted RSUs that typically have a vesting period of six years. Managing partners, contributing partners and certain employees have also been granted AAA RDUs, or incentive units that provide the right to receive AAA RDUs, which both represent common units of AAA and generally vest over three years for employees and fully vested for managing partners and contributing partners on the grant date. Refer to note 12 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further discussion of Apollo Operating Group units and other share-based compensation.
Other Expenses. Other expenses includes interest, litigation settlement, professional fees, placement fees, occupancy, depreciation and amortization and other general operating expenses. Interest expense consists primarily of interest related to the AMH credit facility which has a variable interest amount based on LIBOR and ABR interest rates as discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The litigation settlement was a result of the December 2008 agreement with Huntsman Corporation, or Huntsman, to settle certain actions related to the Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., or Hexion, now-terminated acquisition of Huntsman, or the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 13 of the aforementioned financial statements. Placement fees are incurred in connection with our capital raising activities. Occupancy expense represents charges related to office leases and associated expenses, such as utilities and maintenance fees. Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets is normally calculated using the straight-line method over their estimated useful lives, ranging from two to sixteen years, taking into consideration any residual value. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the asset or the expected term of the lease. Intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the Non-Controlling Interests during the third quarter of 2007 are amortized using the straight-line method over the expected useful lives of the assets, as discussed in note 3 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Other general operating expenses normally include costs related to travel, information technology and administration.
Other Income
Net (losses) gains from investment activities. The performance of the consolidated Apollo funds has impacted our net (losses) gains from investment activities, which includes both realized gains and losses and the change in unrealized gains and losses in our investment portfolio between the opening balance sheet date and the closing balance sheet date. Net unrealized gains (losses) are a result of changes in the fair value of investments that have not been realized as of the balance sheet date. Significant judgment and estimation goes into the assumptions that drive these models and the actual values realized with respect to investments could be materially different from values obtained based on the use of those models. The valuation methodologies applied impact the reported value of investment company holdings and their underlying portfolios in our consolidated and combined financial statements. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated on either August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. Therefore subsequent to deconsolidation, the consolidated and combined financial statements include only the net realized and unrealized gains (losses) of AAA and the Metals Trading Fund, the two funds that are consolidated at June 30, 2010.
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Net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities. Changes in the fair value of the consolidated VIE assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income and expenses subsequent to consolidation are presented within net gains (losses) from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities and are attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
Interest Income. Interest income is recognized as earned on an accrual basis. Discounts and premiums on securities purchased are accreted or amortized over the life of the respective investments using the effective interest method.
Other Income, Net. Other income, net includes insurance proceeds received from certain of the companys professional liability insurance carriers in connection with a prior period litigation settlement, rental income, gains (losses) arising from the remeasurement of foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries and other miscellaneous income and expenses.
Debt Repurchase. To the extent we repurchase any of our debt, a gain or loss is recorded on the trade date of such transaction for any difference between cash paid and the carrying value of the debt purchased.
Income Tax (Provision) Benefit
Apollo has historically operated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As a result, income has not been subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by these entities represent obligations of the individual partners and members and have not been reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Income taxes shown on the historical consolidated and combined statements of operations are attributable to the New York City unincorporated business tax and income taxes on certain entities located in non-U.S. jurisdictions.
Following the Reorganization, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries continue to operate in the U.S. generally as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases continue to be subject to New York City unincorporated business tax, or in the case of non-U.S. entities, to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, APO Corp. is subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes at the entity level and these taxes are reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Non-Controlling Interests
For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than Apollo. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by the company is included in Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Non-Controlling Interests relating to Apollo Global Management, LLC primarily includes (i) the 71.4% ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group held by the managing partners and contributing partners as of June 30, 2010 through their partnership interests in Holdings; (ii) the approximate 97% ownership interest held by the limited partners in AAA; and (iii) limited partner interests of Apollo managed funds in consolidated VIEs.
In December 2007, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued authoritative guidance for Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated financial statements. This guidance requires reporting entities to present Non-Controlling (minority) Interests as equity (as opposed to a liability or mezzanine equity) and provides guidance on the accounting for transactions between an entity and Non-Controlling Interests. This guidance applies prospectively as of January 1, 2009, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements, which are applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2009 and as a result, (1) Non-Controlling Interests were reclassified as a separate component of
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Shareholders Equity on the companys consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) Net Loss was adjusted to include the net loss attributed to the Non-Controlling Interests on the companys consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the companys consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in our consolidated funds from the interests of the company, and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interests exceeded their basis, the company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interests account and recorded the losses in excess of basis as part of accumulated deficit.
On January 1, 2010, the company adopted amended consolidation guidance issued by FASB on issues related to VIEs. The amended guidance significantly affects the overall consolidation analysis, changing the approach taken by companies in identifying which entities are VIEs and in determining which party is the primary beneficiary. The amended guidance requires continuous assessment of the reporting entitys involvement with such VIEs. The amended guidance also enhances the disclosure requirements for a reporting entitys involvement with VIEs, including presentation on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition of assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs that meet the separate presentation criteria and disclosure of assets and liabilities recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and the maximum exposure to loss for those VIEs in which a reporting entity is determined to not be the primary beneficiary but in which it has a variable interest. The guidance provides a limited scope deferral for a reporting entitys interest in an entity that meets all of the following conditions: (a) the entity has all the attributes of an investment company as defined under AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , or does not have all the attributes of an investment company but is an entity for which it is acceptable based on industry practice to apply measurement principles that are consistent with the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , (b) the reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity and (c) the entity is not a securitization entity (i.e., VIE entity), asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special-purpose entity. The reporting entity is required to perform a consolidation analysis for entities that qualify for the deferral in accordance with previously issued guidance on variable interest entities. Apollos involvement with the funds it manages is such that all three of the above conditions are met with the exception of certain vehicles which fail condition (c) above. As previously mentioned, the incremental impact of adopting the amended consolidation guidance resulted in the consolidation of one VIE as of January 1, 2010. The company also consolidated an additional VIE upon its formation during the second quarter of 2010. Further disclosures related to Apollos involvement with VIEs are presented in note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Investment Platform and Cost Trends
In order to accommodate the increasing demands of our funds rapidly growing investment portfolios, we have expanded our investment platform, which is comprised primarily of our people, financial and operating systems and supporting infrastructure. Expansion of our investment platform required increases in headcount, consisting of newly hired professionals and support staff, as well as leases and associated improvements to new offices to accommodate the increasing number of employees, and related augmentation of systems and infrastructure. Our headcount increased from 276 employees as of December 31, 2007 to 418 employees as of June 30, 2010. As a result, our compensation and other personnel-related expenses have increased, as have our rent and other office-related expenses. As we continue to expand our global platform, we anticipate our headcount and related expenses will continue to increase.
Our future growth will depend in part, on our ability to maintain an operating platform and management system sufficient to address our growth and will require us to incur significant additional expenses and to commit additional senior management and operational resources. As a result, we face significant challenges:
|
maintaining adequate financial, regulatory and business controls; |
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|
implementing new or updated information and financial systems, processes and procedures; and |
|
training, managing and hiring qualified professionals and appropriately sizing our work force and other components of our business on a timely and cost-effective basis. |
We may not be able to manage our expanding operations effectively or be able to continue to grow, and any failure to do so could adversely affect our ability to generate revenue and control our expenses.
Below is a discussion of our condensed consolidated results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and for our consolidated and combined financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. For additional analysis of the factors that affected our results at the segment level, refer to Segment Analysis following the analysis of the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
Revenues
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 19,417 | 261.4 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 11,670 | 12.4 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | (93,516 | ) | NM | (1) | |||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 79,280 | $ | 141,709 | $ | (62,429 | ) | (44.1 | )% | |||||
(1) | NM denotes not meaningful. Changes from negative to positive amounts and positive to negative amounts are not considered meaningful. Increases or decreases from zero and changes greater than 500% are also not considered meaningful. |
Our revenues include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels, and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $19.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This increase was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments increased by $18.0 million and $1.4 million, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2010, gross and net transaction fees were $58.3 million and $16.6 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $27.1 million and $10.2 million, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2009, there were no transaction fees while gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $25.5 million and $7.4 million, respectively. Transaction and advisory fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets as calculated under the terms of the respective limited partnership agreements. Refer to Overview of Results of OperationsRevenuesAdvisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates for a summary that addresses how the Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $11.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned by our capital markets and private equity segments of $8.2 million and $1.9 million, respectively, as a result of increased net assets managed during the period. In addition, management fees earned from our real estate segment were $1.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010.
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Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates changed by $(93.5) million for the three
months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. Carried interest (loss) income is related to investment losses and gains of unconsolidated affiliates. During the three months ended June 30, 2010, there
was $(117.2) million and $63.5 million of unrealized and realized carried interest (loss) income, respectively, resulting in a net carried interest loss from affiliates of $(53.7) million. During the three months ended June 30, 2009, there was
$20.8 million and $19.0 million of unrealized and realized carried interest income, respectively, resulting in total carried interest income from affiliates of $39.8 million. The $138.0 million decrease in unrealized carried interest income was
driven by significant changes in the fair value of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds due to unfavorable market conditions during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period
during 2009 that resulted in decreased valuations across all industries. The $44.5 million increase in realized carried interest income was attributable to dispositions of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital
Expenses
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 313,997 | $ | 342,646 | $ | (28,649 | ) | (8.4 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | (3,246 | ) | (25.5 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 728 | 8.3 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 5,060 | 42.4 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | (737 | ) | (52.0 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | (1,935 | ) | (26.5 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | (68 | ) | (1.1 | ) | |||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 362,110 | $ | 390,957 | $ | (28,847 | ) | (7.4 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $28.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. Compensation and benefits is comprised of non-cash compensation expense, profit sharing expense and salary, bonus and benefits expense. The decrease in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to a change in profit sharing expense of $(38.3) million which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity and capital markets funds resulting in a decrease of $44.6 million, partially offset by higher incentive-based compensation of $6.3 million during the period. This net decrease was partially offset by an increase in salary, bonus and benefits expenses of $5.3 million driven by an increase in headcount along with an increase in non-cash compensation expense of $4.4 million, primarily related to additional grants of RSUs subsequent to June 30, 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Professional fees increased by $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, which was primarily associated with incremental costs incurred to register Class A shares in connection with this offering.
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General, administrative and other expenses increased by $5.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred in connection with the launch of our new real estate funds and continued expansion of our global investment platform during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees decreased by $0.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of capital for new and existing funds. The fees are normally payable to placement agents, who are third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising efforts during the second quarter of 2010 in connection with our capital markets funds, which resulted in lower placement fees of $0.8 million.
Occupancy expense decreased by $1.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months
ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space during the three months ended June 30, 2010, as compared
Other (Loss) Income
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
$ | (11,005 | ) | $ | 279,666 | $ | (290,671 | ) | NM | |||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
|
(19,432 |
) |
|
|
|
(19,432 |
) |
NM |
|
||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 36,193 | (36,193 | ) | (100.0 | )% | ||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(1,712 | ) | 32,572 | (34,284 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 7 | 2.4 | ||||||||||
Other income, net |
25,264 | 23,218 | 2,046 | 8.8 | ||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (6,585 | ) | $ | 371,942 | $ | (378,527 | ) | NM | |||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities changed by $(290.7) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was primarily attributable to a change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $(277.0) million related to changes in the fair value of AAAs portfolio investments during the period, along with net unrealized gains (losses) of $(11.2) million related to the change in the fair value of Artus during 2009, where we, as the general partner, were allocated any negative equity of the fund. In addition, $(2.5) million of net unrealized gains (losses) were attributable to the change in the fair value of the Metals Trading Funds portfolio investments during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated VIEs were $19.4 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010. This amount was attributable to net realized and unrealized losses relating to the changes in the fair values of investments and debt held by the consolidated VIEs of $(24.6) million along with other expenses of $7.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010, partially offset by interest income of $12.2 million.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $36.2 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of $90.9 million face value of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility for
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$54.7 million in cash. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $36.2 million.
(Loss) income from equity method investments changed by $(34.3) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was primarily driven by unfavorable market conditions that negatively impacted the fair values of certain Apollo funds in which the company has a direct interest during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. COF I, ACLF, Fund VII, COF II, Vantium C and AIE II had the most significant impact and together generated $(3.0) million of equity method investment loss during the three months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $35.2 million of equity method investment income during the three months ended June 30, 2009. Refer to note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a complete summary of income (loss) from equity method investments by fund for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
Other income increased by $2.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an additional $12.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the three months ended June 30, 2010, totaling $27.5 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement during 2008, as compared to $15.0 million received during the three months ended June 30, 2009. This was offset by a loss of $10.5 million, primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries due to volatility in foreign exchange markets during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Income Tax Provision
The income tax provision was $12.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 compared to $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2009, an increase of $11.8 million. As discussed in note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the companys income tax provision primarily relates to the earnings generated by APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is subject to federal, state and local taxes. The change in APO Corp.s income (loss) before taxes during the period resulted in increased federal and state income taxes totaling $10.2 million, utilizing a 35% tax rate for federal taxes and a combined 6% tax rate for state and local taxes. The remaining increase of $1.6 million in the income tax provision was primarily driven by increases in the New York City Unincorporated Business Tax, or NYC UBT, as well as taxes on foreign subsidiaries during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | 11,573 | $ | (256,470 | ) | |||
Consolidated variable interest entities (2) |
19,432 | | ||||||
Former Employees (3) |
(7,261 | ) | (762 | ) | ||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | 23,744 | $ | (257,232 | ) | |||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss (income) of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interest ownership percentage in AAA, which was approximately 97% during the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. |
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(2) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss of the consolidated VIEs during the three months ended June 30, 2010. Also includes $3.6 million of losses, recorded within appropriated partners deficit related to a consolidated VIE. |
(3) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. |
Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (302,142 | ) | $ | 121,749 | |||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | |||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(278,398 | ) | (135,483 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax provision (1) |
12,727 | 945 | ||||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax provision (2) |
(3,124 | ) | (1,552 | ) | ||||
Net loss (income) in non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
790 | (565 | ) | |||||
Total adjustments |
10,393 | (1,172 | ) | |||||
Net loss after adjustments |
(268,005 | ) | (136,655 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.36% | 71.50% | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (3) |
(191,234 | ) | (98,108 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
AMH special allocation (4) |
(12,040 | ) | | |||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (203,274 | ) | $ | (98,108 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state, and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interests as the income (loss) allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to its operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non-U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income (loss) attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage noted above to the consolidated net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before a corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. For the 2010 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.36% from March 13, 2010 to June 30, 2010. For the 2009 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.50% from February 11, 2009 to June 30, 2009. |
(4) | These amounts represent special allocation of income to APO Corp. and reduction of income allocated to Holdings due to the amendment to the AMH limited partnership agreement as discussed in note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
Revenues
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 22,015 | 138.5 | % | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
209,916 | 189,538 | 20,378 | 10.8 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
55,045 | 92,998 | (37,953 | ) | (40.8 | ) | |||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 302,874 | $ | 298,434 | $ | 4,440 | 1.5 | % | |||||
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Our revenues include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels, and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $22.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This increase was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments increased by $18.3 million and $3.7 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, gross and net transaction fees were $61.8 million and $18.1 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $56.7 million and $19.8 million, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, there were no transaction fees while gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $52.2 million and $15.4 million, respectively. Transaction and advisory fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets as calculated under the terms of the respective limited partnership agreements. Refer to Overview of Results of OperationsRevenuesAdvisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates for a summary that addresses how the Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $20.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in management fees earned from the capital markets and private equity segments of $15.0 million and $2.1 million, respectively, as a result of increased net assets managed during the period. In addition, management fees earned from our real estate segment were $3.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Carried interest income from affiliates changed by $(38.0) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six
months ended June 30, 2009. Carried interest income (loss) is related to investment gains and losses of unconsolidated affiliates. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, there was $(72.0) million and $127.0 million of unrealized and
realized carried interest (loss) income, respectively, resulting in net carried interest income from affiliates of $55.0 million. During the six months ended June 30, 2009, there was $35.4 million and $57.6 million of unrealized and realized
carried interest income, respectively, resulting in total carried interest income from affiliates of $93.0 million. The $107.4 million decrease in unrealized carried interest income was driven by significant changes in the fair value of portfolio
investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds due to unfavorable market conditions during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, which resulted in decreased valuations across
all industries. The $69.4 million increase in realized carried interest income was attributable to dispositions of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds during the six months ended June 30, 2010
Expenses
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 688,874 | $ | 684,216 | $ | 4,658 | 0.7 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
20,324 | 26,105 | (5,781 | ) | (22.1 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
22,404 | 14,383 | 8,021 | 55.8 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
31,503 | 22,788 | 8,715 | 38.2 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
4,541 | 3,765 | 776 | 20.6 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
10,808 | 13,370 | (2,562 | ) | (19.2 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
12,146 | 12,098 | 48 | 0.4 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 790,600 | $ | 776,725 | $ | 13,875 | 1.8 | % | |||||
135
Compensation and benefits increased by $4.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. Compensation and benefits is comprised of non-cash compensation expense, profit sharing expense and salary, bonus and benefits expenses. The change in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in salary, bonus and benefits expense of $13.0 million driven by an increase in headcount along with an increase in non-cash compensation of $4.1 million, primarily related to additional grants of RSUs subsequent to June 30, 2009. These increases were partially offset by the change in profit sharing expense of $(12.4) million which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity and capital markets funds resulting in a decrease of $21.7 million, partially offset by higher incentive-based compensation of $9.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $5.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $8.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, which was primarily associated with incremental costs incurred to register Class A shares in connection with this offering.
General, administrative and other expenses increased by $8.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred in connection with the launch of our new real estate funds and continued expansion of our global investment platform during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees increased by $0.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of committed capital for new and existing funds. The fees are normally payable to placement agents, who are third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to active fundraising efforts during the first quarter of 2010, which resulted in higher placement fees for our capital markets funds of $1.8 million, partially offset by decreased fundraising efforts for our private equity funds, which resulted in lower placement fees of $1.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Occupancy expense decreased by $2.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
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Other Income
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 100,716 | $ | 113,068 | $ | (12,352 | ) | (10.9 | )% | |||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(265 | ) | | (265 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 36,193 | (36,193 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
6,168 | 23,134 | (16,966 | ) | (73.3 | ) | ||||||||
Interest income |
662 | 701 | (39 | ) | (5.6 | ) | ||||||||
Other income, net |
21,906 | 39,151 | (17,245 | ) | (44.0 | ) | ||||||||
Total Other Income |
$ | 129,187 | $ | 212,247 | $ | (83,060 | ) | (39.1 | )% | |||||
Net gains from investment activities changed by $(12.4) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was primarily attributable to the change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $(18.7) million related to changes in the fair value of AAAs portfolio investments, partially offset by the change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $9.7 million related to the increase in the fair value of Artus during 2009, where we, as the general partner, are guaranteeing the negative equity of the fund. In addition, $(3.4) million of net unrealized gains (losses) were attributable to the change in the fair value of the Metals Trading Funds portfolio investments during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated VIEs were $0.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010. This amount was attributable to net realized and unrealized gains (losses) relating to the changes in the fair values of investments and debt held by the VIEs of $(13.6) million along with other expenses of $10.1 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010, partially offset by interest income of $23.4 million.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $36.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of $90.9 million face value of debt related to the AMH credit facility for $54.7 million in cash. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt of $36.2 million.
Income from equity method investments changed by $(17.0) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily driven by unfavorable market conditions which negatively impacted the fair values of certain Apollo funds in which the company has a direct interest during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. ACLF, COF I, Fund VII, COF II and AIE II had the most significant impact and together generated $(0.5) million of equity method investment loss during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to equity method income of $24.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009. Refer to note 3 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a complete summary of income (loss) from equity method investments by fund for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
Other income decreased by $17.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to $11.7 million of losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries due to volatility in foreign exchange markets during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. The remaining decrease of $5.5 million was primarily attributable to an additional $2.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the six months ended June 30, 2009, totaling $30.0 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement incurred during 2008, as compared to $27.5 million received during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
137
Income Tax Provision
The income tax provision was $16.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009 compared to $7.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, an increase of $9.7 million. As discussed in note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the companys income tax provision primarily relates to the earnings generated by APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is subject to federal, state and local taxes. The change in APO Corp.s income (loss) before taxes during the period resulted in increased federal and state income taxes totaling $9.0 million utilizing a 35% tax rate for federal taxes and a combined 6% tax rate for state and local taxes. The remaining increase of $0.7 million in the income tax provision was primarily driven by increases in the NYC UBT, as well as taxes on foreign subsidiaries during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | (97,896 | ) | $ | (114,121 | ) | ||
Consolidated variable interest entities (2) |
265 | | ||||||
Former Employees (3) |
(9,767 | ) | (3,040 | ) | ||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | (107,398 | ) | $ | (117,161 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interest ownership percentage in AAA, which was approximately 97% during the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. |
(2) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss of the consolidated VIEs during the six months ended June 30, 2010. Also includes $3.6 million of losses, recorded within appropriated partners deficit related to a consolidated VIE. |
(3) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. |
Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (375,321 | ) | $ | (273,160 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | ||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(482,719 | ) | (390,321 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax provision (1) |
16,782 | 7,116 | ||||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax provision (2) |
(4,623 | ) | (3,965 | ) | ||||
Net loss in non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
1,566 | 83 | ||||||
Total adjustments |
13,725 | 3,234 | ||||||
Net loss after adjustments |
(468,994 | ) | (387,087 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.50%/71.36% | 71.15%/71.50% | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (3) |
(334,873 | ) | (276,767 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
AMH special allocation (4) |
(12,040 | ) | | |||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (346,913 | ) | $ | (276,767 | ) | ||
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(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our condensed consolidated statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interests as the income (loss) allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to its operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non-U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income (loss) attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage noted above to the consolidated net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before a corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. For the 2010 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.50% from January 1, 2010 to March 12, 2010 and approximately 71.36% from March 13, 2010 to June 30, 2010. For the 2009 period, the ownership percentage was approximately 71.15% from January 1, 2009 to February 10, 2009 and approximately 71.50% from February 11, 2009 to June 30, 2009. |
(4) | These amounts represent special allocation of income to APO Corp. and reduction of income allocated to Holdings due to the amendment to the AMH limited partnership agreement as discussed in note 11 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | (89,106 | ) | (61.4 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
406,257 | 384,247 | 22,010 | 5.7 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 1,300,529 | NM | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 966,728 | $ | (266,705 | ) | $ | 1,233,433 | NM | ||||||
Our revenues and other income include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, decreased by $89.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This decrease was primarily attributable to fewer acquisitions and divestitures during the year ended December 31, 2009, which led to lower transaction fees during this period. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments decreased by $72.2 million and $16.9 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2009, gross and net transaction fees were $68.1 million and $22.9 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees, including directors fees, were $108.5 million and $39.1 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees were $304.8 million and $115.0 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees were $105.8 million and $39.7 million, respectively. The net transaction and net advisory fees were further offset by $5.9 million and $9.5 million in broken deal costs that the company was obligated to repay, during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, primarily relating to Fund VII. Transaction and advisory fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets as calculated under the terms of the respective limited partnership agreements. See Overview of Results of OperationsRevenuesAdvisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates for a summary that addresses how the Management Fee Offsets are calculated for each fund.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $22.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to an increase in management fees earned from our private equity funds of $16.0 million primarily as a result of increased invested capital by Fund VI during the period. Management fees earned by our capital markets and real estate segments increased by $4.8 million and $1.2 million, respectively, as a result of increased net assets managed during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
139
Carried interest income (loss) is related to investment gains and losses of
unconsolidated funds. During the year ended December 31, 2009, there was $383.0 million of unrealized carried interest income and $121.4 million of realized carried interest income, resulting in total carried interest income from affiliates of
$504.4 million. During the year ended December 31, 2008, there was $1,211.3 million of unrealized carried interest loss and $415.2 million of realized carried interest income, resulting in total carried interest loss from affiliates of $796.1
million. The $1,594.3 million change in unrealized carried interest income was impacted by improvements in the fair value of portfolio investments held by certain of our private equity and capital markets funds during the year ended
December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008. The $1,594.3 million change in unrealized carried interest income was offset by the $293.8 million decrease in realized carried interest income that resulted from larger dispositions of portfolio
Expenses
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 1,495,010 | $ | 843,600 | $ | 651,410 | 77.2 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
50,252 | 62,622 | (12,370 | ) | (19.8 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
33,889 | 76,450 | (42,561 | ) | (55.7 | ) | |||||||
Litigation settlement |
| 200,000 | (200,000 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
General, administrative and other |
61,066 | 71,789 | (10,723 | ) | (14.9 | ) | |||||||
Placement fees |
12,364 | 51,379 | (39,015 | ) | (75.9 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
29,625 | 20,830 | 8,795 | 42.2 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
24,299 | 22,099 | 2,200 | 10.0 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 1,706,505 | $ | 1,348,769 | $ | 357,736 | 26.5 | % | |||||
Compensation and benefits increased $651.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Compensation and benefits expense is comprised of non-cash compensation expense, profit sharing expense and salary, bonus and benefits expense. The increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to the change in profit sharing expense of $644.6 million which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity and capital markets funds, combined with an increase in compensation and salary, bonus and benefits expense of $31.9 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease in non-cash compensation expense of $25.1 million primarily related to RSUs and AAA RDUs due to the decrease in fair value of granted shares in 2009 compared with 2008, as discussed in note 12 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Interest expense decreased by $12.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009 combined with lower LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Professional fees decreased by $42.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period during 2008.
A litigation settlement expense of $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Included in other income (loss) are the insurance reimbursements of $37.5 million received in 2009 related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement.
140
General, administrative and other expenses fees decreased by $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to decreases in various expenses such as travel, information technology and other general expenses incurred as a result of our cost management initiatives across the company during the year ended December 31, 2009. These expense decreases were partially offset by $8.0 million of costs that related to the launch of ARI during the third quarter of 2009.
Placement fees decreased $39.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of capital for new and existing funds. These fees are normally payable to placement agents, who are third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering and marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to active fundraising efforts during 2008 in connection with raising capital for Fund VII, COF I and COF II. During 2009, we reduced our fundraising activities to focus more on existing investment opportunities with the capital currently under management. Accordingly, there were no significant private equity or capital markets funds formed in 2009 that required considerable fundraising services provided by placement agents, which resulted in lower placement fees incurred for our private equity and capital markets funds of $25.6 million and $13.4 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Occupancy expense fees increased by $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. The increase was attributable to additional office space leased during 2009 as a result of the increase in our headcount to support the expansion of our global investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space and losses incurred on two subleases.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by
$2.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to increased depreciation expense associated with additional assets placed in service during the
period totaling $3.4 million, partially offset by decreased amortization expense of $1.2 million incurred during 2009 relating to the intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the contributing partners interest at the date of
Other Income (Loss)
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities |
$ | 510,935 | $ | (1,269,100 | ) | $ | 1,780,035 |
NM
|
|
|||||
Gain on repurchase of debt |
36,193 | | 36,193 | NM | ||||||||||
Interest income |
1,450 | 19,368 | (17,918 | ) | (92.5 | )% | ||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 140,466 |
NM
|
|
||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
41,410 | (4,609 | ) | 46,019 | NM | |||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
$ | 673,101 | $ | (1,311,694 | ) | $ | 1,984,795 |
NM
|
|
|||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities increased by $1,780.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a change in net unrealized gains (losses) of $1,702.5 million related to changes in the fair value of AAA Investments portfolio investments. Along with, a change in unrealized gains (losses) of $76.9 million which was related to the change in the fair value of Artus during 2009, where we as the general partner are allocated any negative equity of the fund.
141
Gain from repurchase of debt was $36.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. This was attributable to the purchase of $90.9 million face value of debt related to the AMH credit facility for $54.7 million in cash. As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of $36.2 million.
Interest income decreased by $17.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower average cash balances combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $140.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was driven primarily by improved market conditions in 2009 compared to 2008, which positively impacted the fair values of certain Apollo funds in which the company has a direct interest. The change in market conditions and corresponding impact on valuations across investment classes is more fully discussed at Business Environment. Fund VII had the most significant impact and generated $31.5 million of equity method income during the year ended December 31, 2009, compared to a $14.8 million equity method loss during the year ended December 31, 2008. The $46.3 million change was also indirectly impacted by additional capital contributions to Fund VII that were made by the company during 2009, which led to greater equity method income as market conditions improved over the same period. See the complete summary of income (loss) from equity method investments by fund for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 in note 4 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Other income (loss) increased by $46.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a $37.5 million insurance reimbursement received during 2009 relating to the $200.0 million litigation settlement incurred during 2008. In addition, $8.5 million of increases in other income were primarily attributable to gains resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income Tax (Provision) Benefit
The income tax (provision) benefit was $(28.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2009 compared to $37.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, a change of $65.7 million. As discussed in note 9 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the companys income tax (provision) benefit primarily relates to the earnings generated by APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Apollo Global Management, LLC that is subject to federal, state and local taxes. APO Corp. had income (loss) before taxes of $66.3 million and $(71.2) million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, after adjusting for permanent tax differences. The $137.5 million change in income (loss) before taxes resulted in increased federal income taxes of $48.1 million utilizing a 35% tax rate and $8.3 million for state and local taxes utilizing a combined 6% rate. The remaining $9.3 million change in the income tax (provision) benefit in 2009 compared to 2008 was primarily affected by increases in the NYC UBT as well as taxes on foreign subsidiaries.
142
Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | (452,408 | ) | $ | 1,191,034 | |||
Former employees (2) |
(7,818 | ) | (15,251 | ) | ||||
Other |
| 333 | ||||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | (460,226 | ) | $ | 1,176,116 | |||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net (income) loss of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interests ownership percentage in AAA, which was approximately 97%. |
(2) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. |
Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (95,390 | ) | $ | (2,890,173 | ) | ||
Net (income) loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | |||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(555,616 | ) | (1,714,057 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax provision (benefit) (1) |
28,714 | (36,995 | ) | |||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax (provision) benefit (2) |
(11,638 | ) | 2,317 | |||||
Net loss (income) in non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
9,336 | (3,937 | ) | |||||
Total adjustments |
26,412 | (38,615 | ) | |||||
Net loss after adjustments |
(529,204 | ) | (1,752,672 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.50 | % | 71.15 | % | ||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (3) |
(378,381 | ) | (1,247,026 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
AMH special allocation (4) |
(22,059 | ) | | |||||
Losses in excess of basis (5) |
| 445,227 | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (400,440 | ) | $ | (801,799 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state, and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interest as the income (loss) allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to its operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non-U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income (loss) attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage of approximately 71.15% during 2008 and prior to the share repurchase during February 2009, and approximately 71.50% thereafter to the consolidated net income (loss) of the Apollo Operating Group before a corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. |
(4) | These amounts represent special allocation of income to APO Corp. and reduction of income allocated to Holdings due to the amendment to the AMH partnership agreement as discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
(5) | Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interests exceeded their basis, the company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interests account and reflects the losses in the excess of basis in the net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
143
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | $ | (5,010 | ) | (3.3 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
384,247 | 192,934 | 191,313 | 99.2 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(796,133 | ) | 294,725 | (1,090,858 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | (266,705 | ) | $ | 637,850 | $ | (904,555 | ) | NM | |||||
Our revenues and other income include fixed components that result from measures of capital and asset levels, and variable components that result from realized and unrealized investment performance, as well as the value of successfully completed transactions.
Total revenues were $(266.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $637.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $904.6 million. This change was primarily attributable to decreased carried interest income from affiliates due to the decline in the fair value of our private equity fund portfolio investments, partially offset by increased management fees driven by an increase in the net asset value of existing capital markets funds, as well as increased management fees earned from affiliates as a result of new funds with sizable capital commitments that commenced operations during the period.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, were $145.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $150.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $5.0 million or 3.3%. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, a decrease of $59.6 million was attributable to Management Fee Offsets included in advisory and transaction fees that were previously eliminated in consolidation, which was offset by an increase in transaction and advisory activity during the year ended December 31, 2008. Net advisory and transaction fees earned for the private equity and capital markets segments increased by $30.4 million and $24.2 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees were $304.8 million and $115.0 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees were $105.8 million and $39.7 million, respectively. The net transaction and net advisory fees were further offset by $9.5 million in broken deal costs that the company was obligated to repay during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, primarily relating to Fund VII. During the year ended December 31, 2007 and after excluding the effects of the $59.6 million of Management Fee Offsets that were previously eliminated in consolidation, gross and net transaction fees were $161.0 million and $64.6 million, respectively, and gross and net advisory fees were $46.7 million and $13.0 million, respectively. The net transaction and net advisory fees were increased by $13.0 million in broken deal costs related to Fund VI for which the company was reimbursed.
Management fees from affiliates were $384.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $192.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $191.3 million or 99.2%. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, approximately $56.5 million of this increase was attributable to the management fees earned from the Apollo funds that were previously eliminated in consolidation. Excluding the impact of the above, management fees for private equity and capital markets segments increased by $95.3 million and $39.5 million, respectively. The $95.3 million increase in management fees earned from our private equity funds was primarily attributable to the commencement of Fund VII during the third quarter of 2007, which had committed capital of approximately $14.7 billion at December 31, 2008 and earned management fees of $177.9 million. The management fee increase was partially offset by a decrease within our existing private equity funds totaling $82.6 million which was primarily due to the reduction of
144
management fees earned from Fund VI as its management fee calculation formula changed in 2008 after the investment period ended and its step-down date commenced. The $39.5 million increase in management fees earned from our capital markets funds was primarily driven by an increase in total net assets managed as a result of our new funds, EPF and ACLF which commenced operations during the third and fourth quarter of 2007, respectively, and COF I, COF II and AIE II which commenced operations during the second quarter of 2008.
Carried interest (loss) income
from affiliates was $(796.1) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $294.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $(1,090.9) million. Carried interest (loss) income is related to investment gains and
losses of unconsolidated funds. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, a change of
approximately $442.4 million was attributable to the carried interest income that was previously eliminated in the consolidation of the Apollo funds. Furthermore, unrealized carried interest income from private equity funds decreased by
$1,594.0 million primarily due to the decline in fair value of investments held by Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI. Realized carried interest income from private equity funds increased by $92.5 million which was primarily driven by realized gains from
the disposition of private equity investments, primarily in Fund V, partially offset by a decrease in realized gains on Fund IV and Fund VI. Unrealized carried interest income from capital markets funds decreased by $10.5 million, which was
primarily due to a decline in the fair value of portfolio investments held by certain capital markets funds. Realized carried interest income from capital markets funds decreased by $21.3 million, which was primarily driven by a decrease in realized
Expenses
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 843,600 | $ | 1,450,330 | $ | (606,730 | ) | (41.8 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
62,622 | 105,968 | (43,346 | ) | (40.9 | ) | |||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| 240,000 | (240,000 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
76,450 | 81,824 | (5,374 | ) | (6.6 | ) | |||||||
Litigation settlement |
200,000 | | 200,000 | NM | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
71,789 | 36,618 | 35,171 | 96.0 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
51,379 | 27,253 | 24,126 | 88.5 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
20,830 | 12,865 | 7,965 | 61.9 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
22,099 | 7,869 | 14,230 | 180.8 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 1,348,769 | $ | 1,962,727 | $ | (613,958 | ) | (31.3 | )% | ||||
Total expenses were $1,348.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1,962.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $614.0 million or 31.3%. This change was primarily attributable to decreased compensation and benefits expense due to lower profit sharing expense, combined with lower interest expense since the BCF that was recognized during 2007. These decreases were partially offset by the litigation settlement expense incurred during 2008 associated with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Compensation and benefits were $843.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1,450.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $606.7 million or 41.8%. The $843.6 million of compensation and benefits expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 was comprised of $1,125.2 million of non-cash compensation expense combined with $201.1 million for salary, bonus and benefit expenses, partially offset by a $482.7 million reversal of previously recognized profit sharing expense resulting from a decrease in carried interest income earned due to a decline in the fair value of
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several of our private equity portfolio investments. The $1,450.3 million of compensation and benefits expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 was comprised of $989.8 million of non-cash compensation expense, $307.7 million of profit sharing expense and $152.8 million for salary, bonus and benefit expenses. Amortization on Apollo Operating Group units is the largest component of non-cash compensation expense, which was $1,034.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $980.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $54.2 million or 5.5%. Non-cash compensation expense related to RSUs was $75.4 million and $5.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $70.1 million since RSUs were granted for the first time during the fourth quarter of 2007. In addition, non-cash compensation related to AAA RDUs was $14.9 million and $3.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $11.0 million. The $48.3 million increase in salary, bonus and benefit expenses was primarily driven by the hiring of additional employees to support the expansion of our investment platform during 2008.
Interest expense was $62.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $106.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $43.3 million or 40.9%. This decrease was primarily attributable to interest expense incurred during 2007 on the convertible notes and a related write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs as discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The convertible notes were issued on July 13, 2007 and yielded 7% per annum with a 15-year term and a principal amount of $1.2 billion. The notes included provisions calling for either an optional or mandatory conversion of the loan to 60,000,001 non-voting Class A shares at a conversion price of $20 per share. The mandatory conversion occurred at the time of the Private Placement, which was completed on August 8, 2007 at $24 per share. There was $44.3 million of unamortized debt issuance costs that were associated with the convertible debt, which were written off on the conversion date and included as a component of interest expense during the year ended December 31, 2007, as well as $6.1 million of interest expense that was incurred on the convertible notes prior to their mandatory conversion in 2007. These decreases were partially offset by $7.1 million of interest expense that was incurred during the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to the AMH credit facility that was entered into during April 2007.
As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, interest expense of $240.0 million was incurred during 2007 as a result of the accelerated amortization of the BCF when the notes subject to contingent conversion issued to the Strategic Investors on July 13, 2007 were mandatorily converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares on August 8, 2007. The intrinsic value of the BCF was based on the difference between the conversion price of $20 per share and $24 fair value per share.
Professional fees were $76.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $81.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $5.4 million or 6.6%. This change was primarily attributable to lower broken deal costs of $10.8 million due to reimbursement from Fund VII, partially offset by a $5.4 million increase in external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees that were incurred in connection with the expansion of our investment platform during 2008.
As discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with our December 2008 agreement with Huntsman to settle certain actions related to Hexions now-terminated merger agreement with Huntsman.
General, administrative and other expenses were $71.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $36.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $35.2 million or 96.0%. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred as a result of expanding our global platform and increased headcount during 2008.
Placement fees were $51.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $27.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $24.1 million or 88.5%. Placement fees are incurred in connection with the raising of committed capital for new or existing funds. The fees are normally payable to placement
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agents, who are independent third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering and marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors. This change was primarily attributable to increased fundraising for our funds.
Occupancy expense was $20.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $12.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $8.0 million or 61.9%. This change was primarily attributable to additional office space leased during 2008 to support the expansion of our investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on our existing leased space.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $22.1 million for the year
ended December 31, 2008 compared to $7.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $14.2 million or 180.8%. This change was primarily attributable to increased amortization expense of $9.3 million incurred during 2008
relating to the intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the contributing partners interest during the third quarter of 2007. The remaining increase of $4.9 million was primarily attributable to depreciation expense associated with
Other (Loss) Income
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
$ | (1,269,100 | ) | $ | 2,279,263 | $ | (3,548,363 | ) |
NM
|
|
|||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| 238,609 | (238,609 | ) | (100.0 | )% | |||||||||
Interest income |
19,368 | 52,500 | (33,132 | ) | (63.1 | ) | |||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(57,353 | ) | 1,722 | (59,075 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Other loss, net |
(4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | (4,573 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (1,311,694 | ) | $ | 2,572,058 | $ | (3,883,752 | ) | NM | ||||||
Total other (loss) income was $(1,311.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $2,572.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $3,883.8 million. This change was primarily attributable to increased net losses from investment activities driven by a decline in the fair values of fund portfolio investments, combined with lower realized gains due to the deconsolidation of certain Apollo funds during 2007.
Net (losses) gains from investment activities were $(1,269.1) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $2,279.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $3,548.4 million. As discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financials statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, most of the Apollo funds were deconsolidated during 2007. As such, a decrease of $2,041.2 million was attributable to the realized gains of these funds during the year ended December 31, 2007. The remaining change was primarily attributable to an increase in net unrealized losses of $1,468.8 million related to the decline in the fair values of AAA Investments portfolio investments to a net unrealized loss of $1,230.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, as compared with net unrealized gains of $238.1 million during 2007. In addition, $38.4 million of unrealized losses for the year ended December 31, 2008 were attributable to a new capital markets fund, Artus.
Dividend income was $238.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. This income was attributable to dividends from portfolio company investments earned by the Apollo funds during 2007 that were previously consolidated as discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
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Interest income was $19.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $52.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $33.1 million or 63.1%. This change was due to interest income of $33.1 million that was generated by the Apollo funds that were previously consolidated as discussed in note 1 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
(Loss) income from equity method investments was $(57.4) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $59.1 million. Private equity losses from equity method investments increased by $23.0 million, which was primarily driven by losses incurred from investments in new equity method investments. Capital markets losses from equity method investments increased by $36.1 million primarily driven by losses from investments in our new capital markets funds, ACLF, COF I, COF II, Artus and EPF totaling $33.3 million.
Other loss was $(4.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to $13.6 million of net losses from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries partially offset by expense reimbursements totaling $8.5 million during 2008.
Income Tax Benefit (Provision)
The income tax benefit (provision) was $37.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $(6.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $43.7 million. As a result of the Reorganization of Apollo during the third quarter of 2007, two intermediate holding companies were created, APO Corp. and APO Asset Co., LLC. In addition, a third intermediate holding company, APO (FC), LLC was established during 2008. As discussed in note 9 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the earnings allocated to APO Corp. are taxed at a combined 41% marginal rate which includes federal, state, local and foreign taxes. Prior to the Reorganization, Apollo was only subject to NYC UBT and taxes on foreign subsidiaries. The net loss reported by APO Corp. for the year ended December 31, 2008 has resulted in an incremental federal and state deferred corporate tax benefit of $36.0 million, combined with lower current and deferred NYC UBT and foreign tax expense of $7.7 million.
Non-Controlling Interests
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
AAA (1) |
$ | 1,191,034 | $ | (226,569 | ) | |||
Private equity and capital markets funds consolidated prior to Reorganization (2) |
| (1,857,615 | ) | |||||
Former employees (3) |
(15,251 | ) | (6,081 | ) | ||||
Other |
333 | 1,610 | ||||||
Total Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
$ | 1,176,116 | $ | (2,088,655 | ) | |||
(1) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net loss (income) of AAA and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interests ownership percentage in AAA. The Non-Controlling Interests percentage is approximately 97% of AAA. |
(2) | Reflects the Non-Controlling Interests in the net income of our private equity and capital markets funds prior to deconsolidation and is calculated based on the Non-Controlling Interests ownership percentage in the underlying funds after elimination of carried interest income. |
(3) | Reflects the remaining interest held by certain former employees in the net income of our capital markets management companies. In 2007, the amount also reflects interests held by contributing partners. |
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Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group consisted of the following:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (2,890,173 | ) | $ | 1,240,455 | |||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | |||||
Net loss after Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(1,714,057 | ) | (848,200 | ) | ||||
Adjustments: |
||||||||
Income tax (benefit) provision (1) |
(36,995 | ) | 6,726 | |||||
NYC UBT and foreign tax benefit (provision) (2) |
2,317 | (4,854 | ) | |||||
Net loss before private placement (3) |
| 455,419 | ||||||
Net income of non-Apollo Operating Group entities |
(3,937 | ) | | |||||
Total adjustments |
(38,615 | ) | 457,291 | |||||
Net loss after adjustments (4) |
(1,752,672 | ) | (390,909 | ) | ||||
Approximate ownership percentage of Apollo Operating Group |
71.15% | 71.75% / 71.15% | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Operating Group before basis adjustment (5) |
(1,247,026 | ) | (278,549 | ) | ||||
Other adjustments: |
||||||||
Losses in excess of basis (6) |
445,227 | | ||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
$ | (801,799 | ) | $ | (278,549 | ) | ||
(1) | Reflects all taxes recorded in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. Of this amount, U.S. Federal, state, and local corporate income tax attributable to APO Corp. is added back to income of the Apollo Operating Group before calculating Non-Controlling Interest as the income allocable to the Apollo Operating Group is not subject to such taxes. |
(2) | Reflects NYC UBT and foreign taxes that are attributable to the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries related to their operations in the U.S. as partnerships and in non U.S. jurisdictions as corporations. As such, these amounts are considered in the income attributable to the Apollo Operating Group. |
(3) | Reflects Net Loss for period prior to the Private Placement (January 1, 2007 - August 8, 2007). This amount was excluded to reflect the losses that were incurred and attributable to the Apollo Operating Group for the period during 2007 after the Private Placement. |
(4) | Of the $(390,909) Net Loss incurred during the period from August 8, 2007 to December 31, 2007, $(69,499) was attributable to the period from August 8, 2007 to August 30, 2007 and $(321,410) was attributable to the period from September 1, 2007 to December 31, 2007. |
(5) | This amount is calculated by applying the ownership percentage of approximately 71.75% for the period from August 8, 2007 to August 30, 2007 and approximately 71.15% thereafter to the consolidated net loss of the Apollo Operating Group before corporate income tax provision and after allocations to the Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities. |
(6) | Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interests exceeded their basis, the company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interests account and reflected the losses in the excess of basis in the net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. |
Discussed below are our results of operations for each of our reportable segments. They represent the segment information available and utilized by our executive management, which consists of our managing partners, who operate collectively as our chief operating decision maker, to assess performance and to allocate resources. Management divides its operations into three reportable segments: private equity, capital markets and real estate. These segments were established based on the nature of investment activities in each fund, including the specific type of investment made, the frequency of trading, and the level of control over the investment. Segment results do not consider consolidation of funds, non-cash equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests.
In addition to providing the financial results of our three reportable business segments, we further evaluate our individual reportable segments based on what we refer to as our management and incentive businesses. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fee revenues, carried interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds and expenses, each of which we believe are more stable in nature. The financial performance of our incentive business, which is partially dependent upon quarterly
149
mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to fair value measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expenses that are associated with our general partner interests in the Apollo funds, which are generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
Our financial results vary, since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.
Private Equity
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | | $ | 24,324 | $ | 6,349 | $ | | $ | 6,349 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | | 65,101 | 63,155 | | 63,155 | ||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (83,700 | ) | (83,700 | ) | | 20,713 | 20,713 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 44,071 | 44,071 | | 6,928 | 6,928 | ||||||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
| (39,629 | ) | (39,629 | ) | | 27,641 | 27,641 | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
89,425 | (39,629 | ) | 49,796 | 69,504 | 27,641 | 97,145 | |||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
30,303 | (19,053 | ) | 11,250 | 33,337 | 12,043 | 45,380 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense |
5,157 | | 5,157 | 7,293 | | 7,293 | ||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
4,067 | | 4,067 | 4,886 | | 4,886 | ||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (3) |
9,812 | | 9,812 | 6,618 | | 6,618 | ||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
151 | | 151 | 37 | | 37 | ||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
2,838 | | 2,838 | 4,335 | | 4,335 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,928 | | 3,928 | 4,155 | | 4,155 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
56,256 | (19,053 | ) | 37,203 | 60,661 | 12,043 | 72,704 | |||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (4) |
| | | | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 20,548 | | 20,548 | ||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 1,521 | 1,521 | | 18,297 | 18,297 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
167 | | 167 | 128 | | 128 | ||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
27,872 | | 27,872 | 17,957 | | 17,957 | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
28,039 | 1,521 | 29,560 | 38,633 | 18,301 | 56,934 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 61,208 | $ | (19,055 | ) | $ | 42,153 | $ | 47,476 | $ | 33,899 | $ | 81,375 | |||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
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(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
Revenues
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | 6,349 | $ | 17,975 | 283.1 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | 63,155 | 1,946 | 3.1 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(83,700 | ) | 20,713 | (104,413 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
44,071 | 6,928 | 37,143 | NM | ||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(39,629 | ) | 27,641 | (67,270 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 49,796 | $ | 97,145 | $ | (47,349 | ) | (48.7 | )% | |||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $18.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by Fund VII, Fund VI and AAA totaling $10.5 million, $4.2 million and $2.4 million, respectively. Gross advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, were $66.5 million and $21.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $45.4 million or 215.2%. Transaction fees earned during the three months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $44.1 million and $15.5 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by advisory and monitoring arrangements relating to several portfolio investments including LeverageSource, Harrahs Entertainment and Realogy, which together generated $14.2 million and $5.3 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $12.6 million and $4.6 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $42.2 million and $14.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $27.4 million or 185.1%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $1.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased management fees earned from Fund VI of $1.4 million as a result of increased invested capital during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates changed by $(67.3) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a significant decline in the fair value of the underlying portfolio investments held due to unfavorable market conditions during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, resulting in a decrease of $104.4 million in net unrealized gains primarily by Fund V and Fund VII. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in net realized gains of $37.1 million resulting from dispositions of portfolio investments held, primarily by Fund VII, during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
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Expenses
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 11,250 | $ | 45,380 | $ | (34,130 | ) | (75.2 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
5,157 | 7,293 | (2,136 | ) | (29.3 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
4,067 | 4,886 | (819 | ) | (16.8 | ) | |||||||
General, administrative and other |
9,812 | 6,618 | 3,194 | 48.3 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
151 | 37 | 114 | 308.1 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
2,838 | 4,335 | (1,497 | ) | (34.5 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
3,928 | 4,155 | (227 | ) | (5.5 | ) | |||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 37,203 | $ | 72,704 | $ | (35,501 | ) | (48.8 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $34.1 million for three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to a $31.1 million decrease in profit sharing expense which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity funds along with a decrease in salary, bonus and benefits expense of $3.0 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $2.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Professional fees decreased by $0.8 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared with the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expenses increased by $3.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred associated with the expansion of our global investment platform during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Occupancy expense decreased by $1.5 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended
June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the
Other Income
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | | $ | 4 | $ | (4 | ) | (100.0 | )% | ||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 20,548 | (20,548 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Income from equity method investments |
1,521 | 18,297 | (16,776 | ) | (91.7 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
167 | 128 | 39 | 30.5 | |||||||||
Other income, net |
27,872 | 17,957 | 9,915 | 55.2 | |||||||||
Total Other Income |
$ | 29,560 | $ | 56,934 | $ | (27,374 | ) | (48.1 | )% | ||||
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Gain from repurchase of debt was $20.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $20.5 million was allocated to the private equity segment.
Income from equity method investments changed by $(16.8) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was driven by changes in the fair values of our private equity investments held, primarily relating to Apollos ownership interest in AAA units, Fund VII and Vantium C, which generated decreased equity method investment income of $8.4 million, $7.7 million and $4.2 million, respectively, during the period. These decreases were partially offset by the investment in Vantium A which generated investment income of $3.6 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other income, net increased by $9.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to an additional $12.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the three months ended June 30, 2010, totaling $27.5 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement during 2008, as compared to $15.0 million received during the three months ended June 30, 2009. This increase was offset by $2.6 million of losses primarily attributable to fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | |||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | | $ | 32,099 | $ | 13,754 | $ | | $ | 13,754 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | | 129,450 | 127,328 | | 127,328 | ||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (26,187 | ) | (26,187 | ) | | 34,629 | 34,629 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 56,503 | 56,503 | | 32,837 | 32,837 | ||||||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
| 30,316 | 30,316 | | 67,466 | 67,466 | ||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
161,549 | 30,316 | 191,865 | 141,082 | 67,466 | 208,548 | ||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
63,495 | 21,015 | 84,510 | 63,765 | 27,638 | 91,403 | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
11,027 | | 11,027 | 14,770 | | 14,770 | ||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
11,739 | | 11,739 | 8,160 | | 8,160 | ||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (3) |
17,626 | | 17,626 | 12,245 | | 12,245 | ||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
1,031 | | 1,031 | 2,098 | | 2,098 | ||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,570 | | 5,570 | 7,472 | | 7,472 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,899 | | 7,899 | 8,283 | | 8,283 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
118,387 | 21,015 | 139,402 | 116,793 | 27,638 | 144,431 | ||||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (4) |
| | | | 4 | 4 | ||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 20,548 | | 20,548 | ||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 9,087 | 9,087 | | 10,500 | 10,500 | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
275 | | 275 | 272 | | 272 | ||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
26,901 | | 26,901 | 34,821 | | 34,821 | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
27,176 | 9,087 | 36,263 | 55,641 | 10,504 | 66,145 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 70,338 | $ | 18,388 | $ | 88,726 | $ | 79,930 | $ | 50,332 | $ | 130,262 | ||||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
154
Revenues
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | 13,754 | $ | 18,345 | 133.4 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | 127,328 | 2,122 | 1.7 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(26,187 | ) | 34,629 | (60,816 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
56,503 | 32,837 | 23,666 | 72.1 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
30,316 | 67,466 | (37,150 | ) | (55.1 | ) | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 191,865 | $ | 208,548 | $ | (16,683 | ) | (8.0 | )% | |||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, increased by $18.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by Fund VII, Fund VI and AAA totaling $10.7 million, $3.9 million and $2.8 million, respectively. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $88.8 million and $42.3 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $46.5 million, or 109.9%. Transaction fees earned during the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $44.1 million and $15.5 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by advisory and monitoring arrangements relating to several portfolio investments including LeverageSource, Harrahs Entertainment and Realogy, which together generated $28.3 million and $10.6 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $26.4 million and $10.0 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $56.7 million and $28.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $27.9 million or 96.9%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $2.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased management fees earned from AAA of $2.3 million as a result of increased adjusted assets managed during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest income from affiliates changed by $(37.2) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a significant decline in the fair value of the underlying portfolio investments held primarily by Fund V and Fund VII due to unfavorable market conditions during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, resulting in a decrease of $60.8 million in net unrealized gains. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in net realized gains of $23.7 million, primarily resulting from dispositions of portfolio investments held by Fund V and Fund VII, totaling $44.4 million, partially offset by the reversal of previously recognized gains of $20.7 million in Fund VI due to the general partner obligation to return previously distributed carried interest income during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
155
Expenses
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 84,510 | $ | 91,403 | $ | (6,893 | ) | (7.5 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
11,027 | 14,770 | (3,743 | ) | (25.3 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
11,739 | 8,160 | 3,579 | 43.9 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
17,626 | 12,245 | 5,381 | 43.9 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
1,031 | 2,098 | (1,067 | ) | (50.9 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
5,570 | 7,472 | (1,902 | ) | (25.5 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,899 | 8,283 | (384 | ) | (4.6 | ) | |||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 139,402 | $ | 144,431 | $ | (5,029 | ) | (3.5 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $6.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in profit sharing expense of $6.6 million driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity funds along with a decrease in salary, bonus and benefits of $0.3 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $3.6 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expense increased by $5.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred associated with the expansion of our global investment platform during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees decreased by $1.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising efforts for our private equity funds resulting in lower placement fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009, primarily related to Fund VII.
Occupancy expense decreased by $1.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to cost savings resulting from negotiating new office leases and lower maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
156
Other Income
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | | $ | 4 | $ | (4 | ) | (100.0 | )% | ||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 20,548 | (20,548 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Income from equity method investments |
9,087 | 10,500 | (1,413 | ) | (13.5 | ) | |||||||
Interest income |
275 | 272 | 3 | 1.1 | |||||||||
Other income, net |
26,901 | 34,821 | (7,920 | ) | (22.7 | ) | |||||||
Total Other Income |
$ | 36,263 | $ | 66,145 | $ | (29,882 | ) | (45.2 | )% | ||||
Gain from repurchase of debt was $20.5 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $20.5 million was allocated to the private equity segment.
Income from equity method investments changed by $(1.4) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was driven by changes in the fair values of our private equity investments held during the period, primarily relating to Fund VII which generated decreased equity method investment income of $5.2 million, partially offset by increased investment income generated by Vantium A of $4.8 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other income, net decreased by $7.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to $3.0 million of losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009. The remaining decrease of $4.9 million was primarily attributable to an additional $2.5 million of insurance reimbursement received during the six months ended June 30, 2009, totaling $30.0 million, relating to the $200.0 million Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement during 2008, as compared to $27.5 million received during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
157
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | | $ | 48,642 | $ | 120,813 | $ | | $ | 120,813 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | | 260,478 | 244,468 | | 244,468 | |||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
| 262,890 | 262,890 | | (1,206,060 | ) | (1,206,060 | ) | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 47,981 | 47,981 | | 361,481 | 361,481 | |||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
309,120 | 310,871 | 619,991 | 365,281 | (844,579 | ) | (479,298 | ) | |||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
127,751 | 124,048 | 251,799 | 118,889 | (482,682 | ) | (363,793 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest expense |
28,808 | | 28,808 | 34,190 | | 34,190 | |||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
19,228 | | 19,228 | 45,430 | | 45,430 | |||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| | | 200,000 | | 200,000 | |||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (3) |
27,745 | | 27,745 | 42,713 | | 42,713 | |||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
2,644 | | 2,644 | 28,236 | | 28,236 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
14,683 | | 14,683 | 9,601 | | 9,601 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,420 | | 16,420 | 16,663 | | 16,663 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
237,279 | 124,048 | 361,327 | 495,722 | (482,682 | ) | 13,040 | ||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) : |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (4) |
| 584 | 584 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
20,548 | | 20,548 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Interest income |
603 | | 603 | 11,967 | | 11,967 | |||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
| 54,639 | 54,639 | | (67,052 | ) | (67,052 | ) | |||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
37,550 | | 37,550 | (6,886 | ) | | (6,886 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
58,701 | 55,223 | 113,924 | 5,081 | (67,052 | ) | (61,971 | ) | |||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 130,542 | $ | 242,046 | $ | 372,588 | $ | (125,360 | ) | $ | (428,949 | ) | $ | (554,309 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | 120,813 | $ | (72,171 | ) | (59.7 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | 244,468 | 16,010 | 6.5 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
262,890 | (1,206,060 | ) | 1,468,950 | NM | |||||||||
Realized gains |
47,981 | 361,481 | (313,500 | ) | (86.7 | ) | ||||||||
Total carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
310,871 | (844,579 | ) | 1,155,450 | NM | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 619,991 | $ | (479,298 | ) | $ | 1,099,289 | NM | ||||||
158
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs decreased by $72.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $148.1 million and $329.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $181.8 million or 55.1%. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets, totaling $93.8 million and $199.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $105.8 million or 53.0%. During the year ended December 31, 2009, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $62.4 million and $21.0 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2009 related to five portfolio investment transactions, including Infineon Technologies AG and Charter Communications Inc., which together generated $51.0 million of the private equity segments $62.4 million gross transaction fees and $16.3 million of the $21.0 million net transaction fees. Advisory fees during 2009 were primarily generated by advisory arrangements with the portfolio companies investments in our private equity funds, including Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy, Berry Plastics Group, Momentive Performance Materials, Claires Stores and CEVA Logistics. In addition, broken deal costs associated with these advisory and transaction fees decreased by $3.8 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $241.9 million and $95.8 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2008 primarily related to six portfolio investment transactions, including Harrahs Entertainment, LeverageSource and Norwegian Cruise Lines, which together generated $206.3 million of the private equity segments gross transaction fees and $81.4 million of net transaction fees.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $16.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to increased management fees earned from Fund VI totaling $21.6 million as a result of increased invested capital of this fund during the period, partially offset by decreases on our other private equity funds of $5.6 million driven by a decrease in net assets managed during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates changed by $1,155.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to modest improvements in the fair value of the underlying portfolio investments held by Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI and Fund VII during the year ended December 31, 2009 resulting in an increase of $1,469.0 million in net unrealized gains as compared to significant decreases in the fair values during the year ended December 31, 2008, which led to large reversals of unrealized carried interest income. This increase was offset by decreases in net realized gains of $313.5 million primarily resulting from dispositions of portfolio investments by Fund V during 2008, partially offset by 2009 tax distributions related to interest income earned from portfolio investments held by Fund VI and Fund VII, which are not subject to the general partners potential obligation to return previously distributed carried interest income.
Expenses
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 251,799 | $ | (363,793 | ) | $ | 615,592 | NM | ||||||
Interest expense |
28,808 | 34,190 | (5,382 | ) | (15.7 | )% | ||||||||
Professional fees |
19,228 | 45,430 | (26,202 | ) | (57.7 | ) | ||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| 200,000 | (200,000 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
General, administrative and other |
27,745 | 42,713 | (14,968 | ) | (35.0 | ) | ||||||||
Placement fees |
2,644 | 28,236 | (25,592 | ) | (90.6 | ) | ||||||||
Occupancy |
14,683 | 9,601 | 5,082 | 52.9 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,420 | 16,663 | (243 | ) | (1.5 | ) | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 361,327 | $ | 13,040 | $ | 348,287 | NM | |||||||
159
Compensation and benefits increased by $615.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a $606.7 million increase in profit sharing expense, which was driven by the change in carried interest income earned from our private equity funds, along with an increase in salary, bonus and benefits expense of $8.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Interest expense decreased by $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009 combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Professional fees decreased by $26.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
A litigation settlement expense of $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Included in other income (loss) are the insurance reimbursements of $37.5 million received in 2009 related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement.
General, administrative and other expense decreased by $15.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreases in various expenses such as travel, information technology and other general expenses incurred as a result of our cost management initiatives across the company during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Placement fees decreased by $25.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising resulting in lower placement fees incurred for our private equity funds during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008, primarily related to Fund VII.
Occupancy expense increased by
$5.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to losses incurred on two subleases totaling $1.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. The
remaining increase was attributable to additional office space leased during 2009 as a result of the increase in our headcount to support the expansion of our global investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing
Other Income (Loss)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 584 | $ | | $ | 584 | NM | |||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
20,548 | | 20,548 | NM | ||||||||||
Interest income |
603 | 11,967 | (11,364 | ) | (95.0 | )% | ||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
54,639 | (67,052 | ) | 121,691 |
NM
|
|
||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
37,550 | (6,886 | ) | 44,436 | NM | |||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
$ | 113,924 | $ | (61,971 | ) | $ | 175,895 | NM | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt was $20.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. This was attributable to the purchase of debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase resulted in the recognition of a gain as the purchase price was below the carrying value of the debt.
160
Interest income decreased by $11.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower average cash balances combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $121.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was driven by changes in the fair values of our private equity investments held, primarily relating to Apollo Global Management, LLCs ownership interest in AAA units and Fund VII by $61.6 million and $46.3 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period during 2008.
Other income (loss), net increased by $44.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to a $37.5 million insurance reimbursement received during 2009 relating to the $200.0 million litigation settlement incurred during 2008. In addition, $6.9 million of increases in other income was primarily attributable to gains resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
161
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity segment for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2008 | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Private Equity | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | | $ | 120,813 | $ | 90,408 | $ | | $ | 90,408 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | | 244,468 | 149,180 | | 149,180 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (1,206,060 | ) | (1,206,060 | ) | | 387,906 | 387,906 | |||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 361,481 | 361,481 | | 268,995 | 268,995 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
365,281 | (844,579 | ) | (479,298 | ) | 239,588 | 656,901 | 896,489 | |||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
118,889 | (482,682 | ) | (363,793 | ) | 70,226 | 307,739 | 377,965 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
34,190 | | 34,190 | 56,647 | | 56,647 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | 126,720 | | 126,720 | |||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (2) |
45,430 | | 45,430 | 59,119 | | 59,119 | |||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement |
200,000 | | 200,000 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (3) |
42,713 | | 42,713 | 22,695 | | 22,695 | |||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
28,236 | | 28,236 | 22,753 | | 22,753 | |||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
9,601 | | 9,601 | 8,551 | | 8,551 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,663 | | 16,663 | 5,467 | | 5,467 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
495,722 | (482,682 | ) | 13,040 | 372,178 | 307,739 | 679,917 | ||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (4) |
| | | (73 | ) | | (73 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | | 551 | | 551 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
11,967 | | 11,967 | 16,394 | | 16,394 | |||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
| (67,052 | ) | (67,052 | ) | | 10,664 | 10,664 | |||||||||||||||
Other loss, net |
(6,886 | ) | | (6,886 | ) | (36 | ) | | (36 | ) | |||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
5,081 | (67,052 | ) | (61,971 | ) | 16,836 | 10,664 | 27,500 | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (125,360 | ) | $ | (428,949 | ) | $ | (554,309 | ) | $ | (115,754 | ) | $ | 359,826 | $ | 244,072 | |||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(3) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
162
Revenues
Year Ended December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | 90,408 | $ | 30,405 | 33.6 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | 149,180 | 95,288 | 63.9 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(1,206,060 | ) | 387,906 | (1,593,966 | ) |
NM
|
|
|||||||
Realized gains |
361,481 | 268,995 | 92,486 | 34.4 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(844,579 | ) | 656,901 | (1,501,480 | ) |
NM
|
|
|||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | (479,298 | ) | $ | 896,489 | $ | (1,375,787 | ) | NM | |||||
Total revenues for the private equity segment were $(479.3) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $896.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $1,375.8 million. This change was primarily attributable to lower carried interest income earned from affiliates due to the decline in the fair value of our fund portfolio investments, partially offset by increased management fees earned from affiliates as a result of the commencement of Fund VII combined with increased advisory and transaction fees earned from affiliates due to the funding of large private equity acquisitions during 2008.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees and reimbursed broken deal costs, were $120.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $90.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $30.4 million or 33.6%. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $329.9 million and $207.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $122.4 million, or 59.0%. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $199.6 million and $130.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively, an increase of $69.5 million, or 53.4%. In addition, broken deal costs associated with these advisory and transaction fees that the company is obligated to repay increased by $22.5 million.
During the year ended December 31, 2008, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $241.9 million and $95.8 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2008 related to six portfolio investment transactions, including Harrahs Entertainment, LeverageSource and Norwegian Cruise Lines, which together generated $206.3 million of the private equity segments gross transaction fees and $81.4 million of transaction fees.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, gross and net transaction fees for the private equity segment were $161.0 million and $64.6 million, respectively. Transaction fees during 2007 related to eleven portfolio investment transactions, including Realogy, CEVA Logistics, Claires Stores, Noranda Aluminum and Jacuzzi Brands, which together generated $129.5 million of the private equity segments gross transaction fees and $52.5 million of net transaction fees.
Management fees from affiliates were $244.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $149.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $95.3 million or 63.9%. This change was primarily attributable to management fees earned from Fund VII totaling $177.9 million, which commenced operations during late 2007 and had committed capital of $14.7 billion as of December 31, 2008. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in management fees earned of $82.6 million within our existing private equity funds, which was primarily due to the reduction in management fees earned from Fund VI as its management fee calculation formula changed in 2008 after the investment period ended and its step down date commenced.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates was $(844.6) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $656.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $1,501.5 million. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease of $1,594.0 million in unrealized gains from our fund portfolio
163
investments to unrealized losses of $1,206.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to gains of $387.9 million for the same period in 2007, primarily driven by an increase
in unrealized losses and the reversal of unrealized gains of our underlying portfolio investments held by Fund IV, Fund V, Fund VI and AAA Investments. The remaining change was attributable to an increase in realized gains of $92.5 million from
portfolio investments to a realized gain of $361.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to a realized gain of $269.0 million for the same period in 2007, primarily due to realized gains from the disposition of private equity
Expenses
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | (363,793 | ) | $ | 377,965 | $ | (741,758 | ) |
NM
|
|
||||
Interest expense |
34,190 | 56,647 | (22,457 | ) | (39.6 | )% | ||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| 126,720 | (126,720 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
Professional fees |
45,430 | 59,119 | (13,689 | ) | (23.2 | ) | ||||||||
Litigation settlement |
200,000 | | 200,000 | NM | ||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
42,713 | 22,695 | 20,018 | 88.2 | ||||||||||
Placement fees |
28,236 | 22,753 | 5,483 | 24.1 | ||||||||||
Occupancy |
9,601 | 8,551 | 1,050 | 12.3 | ||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
16,663 | 5,467 | 11,196 | 204.8 | ||||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 13,040 | $ | 679,917 | $ | (666,877 | ) | (98.1 | )% | |||||
Total expenses for the private equity segment were $13.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $679.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $666.9 million or 98.1%. This change was primarily attributable to lower compensation and benefits due to decreased profit sharing expense combined with lower interest expense since the BCF was recognized during 2007. These decreases were partially offset by a litigation settlement expense incurred during 2008 associated with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, as discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Compensation and benefits were $(363.8) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $378.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $741.8 million. This change was primarily attributable to a reversal in previously recognized profit sharing expense of $790.4 million from $307.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 to $(482.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008. The reversal was impacted by the decrease in carried interest income earned from affiliates, which resulted from the decline in fair value of our private equity portfolio investments during 2008 as compared to 2007. This decrease was partially offset by an increase in compensation and benefits of $48.6 million as a result of the growth in our overall headcount during 2008 to support the expansion of our investment platform along with an $8.9 million increase in non-cash waivers.
Interest expense was $34.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $56.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $22.4 million or 39.6%. This decrease was primarily attributable to interest expense incurred during 2007 on the convertible notes and a related write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, which totaled $26.8 million and is discussed further in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This decrease was partially offset by additional interest incurred during 2008 of $4.3 million, primarily attributable to the AMH credit facility that was entered into during April 2007.
164
Interest expense of $126.7 million was incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007 as a result of the recognition of the BCF when the convertible notes issued to the Strategic Investors on July 13, 2007, were mandatorily converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares on August 8, 2007. The allocation of this interest expense to this segment was based on the fair value of the entities in this segment on July 13, 2007.
Professional fees were $45.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared with $59.1 million, for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $13.7 million or 23.2%. This change was primarily attributable to a decrease in broken deal costs of $10.8 million due to reimbursement from Fund VII, combined with lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during 2008.
As discussed in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, a litigation settlement expense of $200.0 million was incurred during 2008 in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement.
General, administrative and other expense were $42.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $22.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $20.0 million or 88.2%. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred during 2008 associated with the commencement of Fund VII and the expansion of our platform and increased headcount.
Placement fees incurred were $28.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $22.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $5.5 million or 24.1%. This change was driven by higher commitments during 2008, primarily related to Fund VII.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $16.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $5.5 million for the year
ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $11.2 million or 204.8%. This change was primarily attributable to increased amortization expense of $9.2 million incurred relating to the intangible assets recognized from the acquisition of the
contributing partners interest during the third quarter of 2007. The remaining increase of $2.0 million was primarily attributable to depreciation expense associated with new assets placed in service during the year ended December 31,
Other (Loss) Income
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | | $ | (73 | ) | $ | 73 | (100.0 | )% | ||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| 551 | (551 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||||
Interest income |
11,967 | 16,394 | (4,427 | ) | (27.0 | ) | |||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(67,052 | ) | 10,664 | (77,716 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Other loss, net |
(6,886 | ) | (36 | ) | (6,850 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (61,971 | ) | $ | 27,500 | $ | (89,471 | ) | NM | ||||||
Total other (loss) income for the private equity segment was $(62.0) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $27.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $89.5 million. This change was primarily attributable to investment losses as a result of the decline in the values of equity method investments.
Interest income was $12.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $16.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $4.4 million or 27.0%. This change was primarily attributable to lower average cash balances during 2008 combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to 2007.
165
(Loss) income from equity method investments was $(67.1) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $10.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $77.7 million. This change was primarily attributable to a decline in the value of private equity investments held during 2008 of $54.7 million, primarily relating to Apollo Global Management, LLCs ownership interest in AAA, along with declines in value from new private equity investments in Fund VII and portfolio investments in VC Holdings, L.P., a Delaware Series limited partnership (together with its subsidiaries, Vantium), totaling $14.8 million and $6.6 million, respectively. Vantium is a co-investment with Fund VII, in which we have invested approximately $25.0 million in the aggregate through each of Vantiums Series limited partnerships. Vantium was formed in late 2007 to trade whole loans and residential mortgage-backed securities, as well as to originate and service whole loans.
Other loss, net was $6.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries totaling $13.8 million, partially offset by an expense reimbursement of $7.2 million.
166
Capital Markets
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and ENI for our capital markets segment for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 2,520 | $ | | $ | 2,520 | $ | 1,078 | $ | | $ | 1,078 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
39,443 | | 39,443 | 31,287 | | 31,287 | |||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (33,532 | ) | (33,532 | ) | | 99 | 99 | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
10,240 | 9,245 | 19,485 | 12,100 | | 12,100 | |||||||||||||||
Total carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
10,240 | (24,287 | ) | (14,047 | ) | 12,100 | 99 | 12,199 | |||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
52,203 | (24,287 | ) | 27,916 | 44,465 | 99 | 44,564 | ||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (2) |
23,860 | (7,199 | ) | 16,661 | 18,799 | | 18,799 | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
4,068 | | 4,068 | 5,128 | | 5,128 | |||||||||||||||
Professional fees (3) |
4,575 | | 4,575 | 2,962 | | 2,962 | |||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (4) |
5,776 | | 5,776 | 4,640 | | 4,640 | |||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
529 | | 529 | 1,380 | | 1,380 | |||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
2,251 | | 2,251 | 2,772 | | 2,772 | |||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,040 | | 2,040 | 1,920 | | 1,920 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
43,099 | (7,199 | ) | 35,900 | 37,601 | | 37,601 | ||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities (5) |
| | | | 11,219 | 11,219 | |||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 14,704 | | 14,704 | |||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
| (2,711 | ) | (2,711 | ) | | 24,141 | 24,141 | |||||||||||||
Interest income |
131 | | 131 | 157 | | 157 | |||||||||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(2,610 | ) | | (2,610 | ) | 5,040 | | 5,040 | |||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(2,479 | ) | (2,711 | ) | (5,190 | ) | 19,901 | 35,360 | 55,261 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 6,625 | $ | (19,799 | ) | $ | (13,174 | ) | $ | 26,765 | $ | 35,459 | $ | 62,224 | |||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $12.1 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.1 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(3) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
167
Revenues
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 2,520 | $ | 1,078 | $ | 1,442 | 133.8 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
39,443 | 31,287 | 8,156 | 26.1 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(33,532 | ) | 99 | (33,631 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
19,485 | 12,100 | 7,385 | 61.0 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(14,047 | ) | 12,199 | (26,246 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 27,916 | $ | 44,564 | $ | (16,648 | ) | (37.4 | )% | |||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates increased by $1.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by COF I, COF II and ACLF. Gross advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, were $18.9 million and $4.4 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $14.5 million or 329.5%. Transaction fees earned during the three months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $11.7 million and $0.2 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource, which generated $5.8 million and $1.5 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $4.2 million and $0.9 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the three months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees, are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $16.4 million and $3.3 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $13.1 million or 397.0%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $8.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to management fees earned from Athene Asset Management of $2.5 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010. In addition, increased management fees were earned from EPF of $1.9 million driven by increases in committed capital during the period, as well as increased management fees earned from AIC of $1.7 million as a result of an increase in gross adjusted assets managed during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates changed by $(26.2) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a decrease in net unrealized gains of $33.6 million driven by changes in the fair values of investments held by certain of our capital markets funds, primarily by COF I and COF II of $21.0 million and $24.4 million, respectively, which was impacted by unfavorable market conditions during 2010. This was partially offset by an increase in net unrealized gains by AIE II of $16.9 million as well as an increase in net realized gains of $7.4 million resulting from the dispositions of portfolio investments held, primarily by COF II, during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
168
Expenses
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 16,661 | $ | 18,799 | $ | (2,138 | ) | (11.4 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
4,068 | 5,128 | (1,060 | ) | (20.7 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
4,575 | 2,962 | 1,613 | 54.5 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
5,776 | 4,640 | 1,136 | 24.5 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
529 | 1,380 | (851 | ) | (61.7 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
2,251 | 2,772 | (521 | ) | (18.8 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
2,040 | 1,920 | 120 | 6.3 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 35,900 | $ | 37,601 | $ | (1,701 | ) | (4.5 | )% | ||||
Compensation and benefits decreased by $2.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to a decreased profit sharing expense of $13.5 million driven by the change in carried interest income (loss) of COF I and COF II, partially offset by higher incentive-based compensation expense of $6.3 million during the period. In addition, salary, bonus and benefits expense increased by $5.1 million due to an increase in headcount during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $1.1 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared with the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to higher external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expense increased by $1.1 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred associated with the expansion of our global investment platform during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees decreased by $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising efforts for our capital markets funds, primarily by COF I and COF II, resulting in lower placement fees incurred during the three months ended June 30 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
169
Other (Loss) Income
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | | $ | 11,219 | $ | (11,219 | ) | (100.0 | )% | |||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 14,704 | (14,704 | ) | (100.0 | ) | ||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(2,711 | ) | 24,141 | (26,852 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Interest income |
131 | 157 | (26 | ) | (16.6 | ) | ||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(2,610 | ) | 5,040 | (7,650 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (5,190 | ) | $ | 55,261 | $ | (60,451 | ) | (109.4 | )% | ||||
Net gains from investment activities were $11.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2009. This amount was attributable to an unrealized gain related to Artus, where we, as the general partner, were allocated the negative equity of the fund. The fair value of Artus increased during the period which resulted in the reversal of the previously recognized obligation.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $14.7 million during the three months ended June 30, 2009 and was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $14.7 million was allocated to the capital markets segment.
(Loss) income from equity method investments changed by $(26.9) million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This decrease was driven by changes in the fair values of our capital markets investments held primarily by COF I, COF II, ACLF and AIE II, which together generated decreased equity method investment income of $26.3 million during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other (loss) income, net decreased by $7.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the three months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the three months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
170
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our capital markets segment for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 5,814 | $ | | $ | 5,814 | $ | 2,144 | $ | | $ | 2,144 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
77,251 | | 77,251 | 62,210 | | 62,210 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (45,811 | ) | (45,811 | ) | | 747 | 747 | |||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
22,340 | 48,200 | 70,540 | 24,785 | | 24,785 | |||||||||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
22,340 | 2,389 | 24,729 | 24,785 | 747 | 25,532 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
105,405 | 2,389 | 107,794 | 89,139 | 747 | 89,886 | |||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (2) |
46,761 | (5,806 | ) | 40,955 | 37,578 | | 37,578 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
8,705 | | 8,705 | 10,667 | | 10,667 | |||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (3) |
8,940 | | 8,940 | 4,746 | | 4,746 | |||||||||||||||||
General, administration and other (4) |
11,487 | | 11,487 | 8,938 | | 8,938 | |||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
3,510 | | 3,510 | 1,667 | | 1,667 | |||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
4,701 | | 4,701 | 5,589 | | 5,589 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
4,118 | | 4,118 | 3,750 | | 3,750 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
88,222 | (5,806 | ) | 82,416 | 72,935 | | 72,935 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (5) |
| | | | (9,739 | ) | (9,739 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| | | 14,704 | | 14,704 | |||||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 469 | 469 | | 17,359 | 17,359 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
385 | | 385 | 419 | | 419 | |||||||||||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(5,069 | ) | | (5,069 | ) | 4,122 | | 4,122 | |||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(4,684 | ) | 469 | (4,215 | ) | 19,245 | 7,620 | 26,865 | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 12,499 | $ | 8,664 | $ | 21,163 | $ | 35,449 | $ | 8,367 | $ | 43,816 | |||||||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $24.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $4.3 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(3) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
171
Revenues
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 5,814 | $ | 2,144 | $ | 3,670 | 171.2 | % | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
77,251 | 62,210 | 15,041 | 24.2 | ||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(45,811 | ) | 747 | (46,558 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
70,540 | 24,785 | 45,755 | 184.6 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
24,729 | 25,532 | (803 | ) | (3.1 | ) | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 107,794 | $ | 89,886 | $ | 17,908 | 19.9 | % | ||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, including directors fees, increased $3.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period, primarily by COF I, COF II, EPF and ACLF. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $29.6 million and $9.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $19.8 million, or 202.0%. Transaction fees earned during the six months ended June 30, 2010 primarily related to three portfolio investment transactions, specifically LyondellBasell Industries, Noranda Aluminum Inc. and Aleris International, which together generated $11.7 million and $0.2 million of the gross and net transactions fees, respectively. The advisory fees earned during both periods were primarily generated by deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource, which generated $11.6 million and $2.9 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively, and $9.6 million and $2.1 million of the gross and net advisory fees during the six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Advisory and transaction fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets, totaling $23.8 million and $7.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, an increase of $16.1 million, or 209.1%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $15.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to management fees earned from Athene Asset Management of $3.4 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010. In addition, increased management fees were earned from EPF of $3.7 million driven by increases in committed capital during the period, as well as increased management fees from AIC of $3.3 million as a result of an increase in gross adjusted assets managed during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Carried interest income from affiliates changed by $(0.8) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was attributable to a decrease in net unrealized gains of $46.6 million driven by changes in the fair values of investments held by certain of our capital markets funds, primarily by COF I and COF II of $52.6 million and $20.4 million, respectively, which was impacted by unfavorable market conditions during 2010. This was partially offset by an increase in net unrealized gains by AIE II of $16.9 million as well as an increase in realized gains of $45.8 million, primarily from the disposition of fund portfolio investments by COF I and COF II of $34.0 million and $7.7 million, respectively, during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
172
Expenses
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 40,955 | $ | 37,578 | $ | 3,377 | 9.0 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
8,705 | 10,667 | (1,962 | ) | (18.4 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
8,940 | 4,746 | 4,194 | 88.4 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
11,487 | 8,938 | 2,549 | 28.5 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
3,510 | 1,667 | 1,843 | 110.6 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
4,701 | 5,589 | (888 | ) | (15.9 | ) | |||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
4,118 | 3,750 | 368 | 9.8 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 82,416 | $ | 72,935 | $ | 9,481 | 13.0 | % | |||||
Compensation and benefits increased by $3.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to higher incentive-based compensation expense of $9.3 million along with higher salary, bonus and benefits expense of $9.2 million due to an increase in headcount during the period. This was partially offset by decreased profit sharing expense of $15.1 million driven by the change in carried interest income (loss) of COF I and COF II during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Interest expense decreased by $2.0 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009, combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period in 2009.
Professional fees increased by $4.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to additional external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
General, administrative and other expense increased by $2.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred during the six months ended June 30, 2010 associated with the expansion of our global investment platform as compared to the same period during 2009.
Placement fees increased by $1.8 million for the six months ended
June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to active fundraising efforts for our capital markets funds resulting in higher placement fees incurred, primarily related to COF I and
Other (Loss) Income
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | ||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | | $ | (9,739 | ) | $ | 9,739 | (100.0 | )% | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 14,704 | (14,704 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
469 | 17,359 | (16,890 | ) | (97.3 | ) | |||||||||
Interest income |
385 | 419 | (34 | ) | (8.1 | ) | |||||||||
Other (loss) income, net |
(5,069 | ) | 4,122 | (9,191 | ) | NM | |||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (4,215 | ) | $ | 26,865 | $ | (31,080 | ) | NM | ||||||
173
Net losses from investment activities were $9.7 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was primarily attributable to the unrealized loss related to Artus driven by the change in the fair value during the period, where we, as the general partner, are guaranteeing the negative equity of the fund.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $14.7 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was attributable to the purchase of AMH debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 8 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase was accounted for as if the debt was extinguished and the difference between the carrying amount and the reacquisition price resulted in a gain on extinguishment of debt, of which $14.7 million was allocated to the capital markets segment.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $(16.9) million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was driven by changes in the fair values of our capital markets investments held primarily by COF I, COF II, ACLF and AIE II, which together generated decreased equity method investment income of $19.5 million due to unfavorable market conditions during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
Other (loss) income, net decreased by $9.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the six months ended June 30, 2009. This change was primarily attributable to losses resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the six months ended June 30, 2010 as compared to the same period during 2009.
174
Year Ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2008
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and ENI, for our capital markets segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 7,433 | $ | | $ | 7,433 | $ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 24,368 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
144,578 | | 144,578 | 139,779 | | 139,779 | ||||||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
| 120,126 | 120,126 | | (5,240 | ) | (5,240 | ) | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
50,404 | 22,995 | 73,399 | 49,829 | 3,857 | 53,686 | ||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
202,415 | 143,121 | 345,536 | 213,976 | (1,383 | ) | 212,593 | |||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (2) |
88,686 | 43,500 | 132,186 | 77,530 | | 77,530 | ||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
20,144 | | 20,144 | 28,432 | | 28,432 | ||||||||||||||
Professional fees (3) |
12,144 | | 12,144 | 27,376 | | 27,376 | ||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (4) |
22,191 | | 22,191 | 26,694 | | 26,694 | ||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
9,720 | | 9,720 | 23,143 | | 23,143 | ||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
14,112 | | 14,112 | 11,136 | | 11,136 | ||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,737 | | 7,737 | 5,436 | | 5,436 | ||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
174,734 | 43,500 | 218,234 | 199,747 | | 199,747 | ||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities (5) |
| 38,478 | 38,478 | | (38,444 | ) | (38,444 | ) | ||||||||||||
Gain on debt repurchase |
14,704 | | 14,704 | | | | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
845 | | 845 | 7,401 | | 7,401 | ||||||||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
| 46,384 | 46,384 | | (34,718 | ) | (34,718 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other income, net |
3,760 | | 3,760 | 2,277 | | 2,277 | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
19,309 | 84,862 | 104,171 | 9,678 | (73,162 | ) | (63,484 | ) | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 46,990 | $ | 184,483 | $ | 231,473 | $ | 23,907 | $ | (74,545 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million during 2008 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(3) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(4) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
175
Revenues
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 7,433 | $ | 24,368 | $ | (16,935 | ) | (69.5 | )% | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
144,578 | 139,779 | 4,799 | 3.4 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains (losses) |
120,126 | (5,240 | ) | 125,366 | NM | |||||||||
Realized gains |
73,399 | 53,686 | 19,713 | 36.7 | ||||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
193,525 | 48,446 | 145,079 | 299.5 | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 345,536 | $ | 212,593 | $ | 132,943 | 62.5 | % | ||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates decreased by $16.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to fewer acquisitions and divestitures during the period. There was one transaction in 2009 compared to two transactions in 2008. Deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource generated gross and net transaction fees of $61.0 million and $17.3 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2008. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $28.4 million and $80.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $52.3 million or 64.8%. Advisory and transaction fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets totaling $21.0 million and $56.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, a decrease of $35.3 million or 62.7%.
Management fees from affiliates increased by $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to increases in committed capital to EPF and invested capital by COF I and COF II, as well as increased net assets managed by certain capital markets funds including ACLF and AIE II, which collectively resulted in increased management fees earned of $36.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008. The remaining change was attributable to decreases in net assets managed by certain capital markets funds, specifically SVF, AIC, AAOF and VIF, resulting in decreased management fees earned of $27.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008. In addition, AIE I fees decreased by $3.8 million as a result of a monetization plan put into place during 2009. The investment performance of AIE I was adversely impacted due to market conditions in 2008 and its shareholders subsequently approved the monetization plan to sell its assets over a three-year period. During 2008, the company at its discretion established a $12.6 million management fee waiver to limit the adverse impact that deteriorating market conditions were having on AIE Is performance. As a result of the monetization plan, we expect AIE I to have adequate cash flow to satisfy its obligations as they come due. Management fees charged to AIE I during 2008 were $5.5 million (net of a $12.6 million fee waiver) as compared to $1.7 million in 2009 (net of a $2.0 million fee waiver). The company continues to charge AIE I management fees at a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I, whereas prior to the monetization plan the management fees were based on 2.0% of the gross assets.
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates changed by $145.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to an increase in net unrealized gains of $125.4 million driven by changes in the fair values of investments held by certain of our capital markets funds, specifically COF I, COF II, SVF and VIF. The remaining change was attributable to an increase in net realized gains of $19.7 million resulting from the disposition of fund investments held by VIF, SVF and SOMA during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the same period during 2008. There was $2.8 million and $10.3 million of incentive fees that were waived during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, in connection with AIE Is monetization plan.
176
Expenses
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 132,186 | $ | 77,530 | $ | 54,656 | 70.5 | % | |||||
Interest expense |
20,144 | 28,432 | (8,288 | ) | (29.2 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
12,144 | 27,376 | (15,232 | ) | (55.6 | ) | |||||||
General, administrative and other |
22,191 | 26,694 | (4,503 | ) | (16.9 | ) | |||||||
Placement fees |
9,720 | 23,143 | (13,423 | ) | (58.0 | ) | |||||||
Occupancy |
14,112 | 11,136 | 2,976 | 26.7 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
7,737 | 5,436 | 2,301 | 42.3 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 218,234 | $ | 199,747 | $ | 18,487 | 9.3 | % | |||||
Compensation and benefits increased by $54.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to profit sharing expense of $37.9 million relating to COF I and COF II during the year ended December 31, 2009 along with increased incentive fee compensation expense of $5.6 million. The remaining change was attributable to increased salary, bonus and benefits expenses of $11.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Interest expense decreased by $8.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest incurred on the AMH credit facility due to the $90.9 million debt repurchase during April and May 2009 combined with lower variable LIBOR and ABR interest rates during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Professional fees decreased by $15.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
General, administrative and other expenses decreased by $4.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreases in various expenses such as travel, information technology and other general expenses incurred as a result of our cost management initiatives across the company during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Placement fees decreased by $13.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to decreased fundraising during 2009. During 2008, COF I and COF II were new funds and were actively raising additional committed capital.
Occupancy expense increased by $3.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to losses incurred on two subleases totaling $1.5 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. The remaining increase was attributable to additional office space leased during 2009 as a result of the increase in our headcount to support the expansion of our global investment platform, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing leased space.
Depreciation and amortization expense increased by $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to increased depreciation expense associated with additional assets placed in service during the period.
177
Other Income (Loss)
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities |
$ | 38,478 | $ | (38,444 | ) | $ | 76,922 | NM | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
14,704 | | 14,704 | NM | ||||||||||
Interest income |
845 | 7,401 | (6,556 | ) | (88.6 | )% | ||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
46,384 | (34,718 | ) | 81,102 | NM | |||||||||
Other income, net |
3,760 | 2,277 | 1,483 | 65.1 | ||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
$ | 104,171 | $ | (63,484 | ) | $ | 167,655 | NM | ||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities increased by $76.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was attributable to a change in unrealized gains (losses) of $76.9 million related to Artus, where we as the general partner are allocated the negative equity of the fund. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the fair value of Artus increased which resulted in the reversal of a previously recognized obligation.
Gain from repurchase of debt was $14.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. This was attributable to the purchase of debt related to the AMH credit facility. As discussed in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the debt purchase resulted in the recognition of a gain as the purchase price was below the carrying value of the debt.
Interest income decreased by $6.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to lower average cash balances combined with lower base rates, LIBOR and the Federal Funds Rate, resulting in less interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Income (loss) from equity method investments changed by $81.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This increase was primarily driven by changes in the fair values of certain of our capital markets funds, specifically COF I, COF II, ACLF and Artus, totaling $70.6 million during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
Other income, net increased by $1.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2008. This change was primarily attributable to gains resulting from fluctuations in exchange rates of foreign denominated assets and liabilities of subsidiaries during the year ended December 31, 2009 as compared to 2008.
178
Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007
The following table sets forth segment statement of operations information and ENI, for our capital markets segment for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2008 | Year Ended December 31, 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capital Markets | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||||||
Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | Management (2) | Incentive (2) | Total | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 24,368 | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 194 | ||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
139,779 | | 139,779 | 100,244 | | 100,244 | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
| (5,240 | ) | (5,240 | ) | | 5,216 | 5,216 | ||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
49,829 | 3,857 | 53,686 | 51,532 | 23,438 | 74,970 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
213,976 | (1,383 | ) | 212,593 | 151,970 | 28,654 | 180,624 | |||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (3) |
77,530 | | 77,530 | 79,327 | 3,189 | 82,516 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
28,432 | | 28,432 | 46,579 | | 46,579 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | 113,280 | | 113,280 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (4) |
27,376 | | 27,376 | 12,464 | | 12,464 | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (5) |
26,694 | | 26,694 | 10,172 | | 10,172 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
23,143 | | 23,143 | 4,500 | | 4,500 | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
11,136 | | 11,136 | 4,314 | | 4,314 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
5,436 | | 5,436 | 2,402 | | 2,402 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
199,747 | | 199,747 | 273,038 | 3,189 | 276,227 | ||||||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (6) |
| (38,444 | ) | (38,444 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
7,401 | | 7,401 | 3,027 | | 3,027 | ||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
| (34,718 | ) | (34,718 | ) | | 1,350 | 1,350 | ||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
2,277 | | 2,277 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
9,678 | (73,162 | ) | (63,484 | ) | 3,027 | 1,350 | 4,377 | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 23,907 | $ | (74,545 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | $ | (118,041 | ) | $ | 26,815 | $ | (91,226 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million during 2008 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(2) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $51.5 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $10.3 million during 2007 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(3) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(4) | Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(5) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(6) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds. |
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Revenues
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,368 | $ | 194 | $ | 24,174 | NM | |||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
139,779 | 100,244 | 39,535 | 39.4 | % | |||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
(5,240 | ) | 5,216 | (10,456 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Realized gains |
53,686 | 74,970 | (21,284 | ) | (28.4 | ) | ||||||||
Total carried interest income from affiliates |
48,446 | 80,186 | (31,740 | ) | (39.6 | ) | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
$ | 212,593 | $ | 180,624 | $ | 31,969 | 17.7 | % | ||||||
Total revenues for the capital markets segment were $212.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $180.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $32.0 million or 17.7%. This change was primarily attributable to an increase of management fees earned from affiliates as a result of the increase in the net asset values of our existing funds combined with the commencement of new funds, along with an increase in advisory and transaction fees earned from affiliates partially offset by a net decrease of carried interest income earned from affiliates due to a decrease in the fair value of our fund portfolio investments.
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates were $24.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $0.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $24.2 million. This change was primarily attributable to new acquisitions and divestitures during the period. There were two transactions in 2008 compared to one transaction in 2007. Deal activity related to investments in LeverageSource generated gross and net transaction fees of $61.0 million and $17.3 million, respectively, during the year ended December 31, 2008. Gross advisory and transaction fees were $80.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to $0.2 million for the same period during 2007, an increase of $80.5 million. Advisory and transaction fees are reported net of Management Fee Offsets, totaling $56.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008.
Management fees from affiliates were $139.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $100.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $39.5 million or 39.4%. The increase in management fees earned from our capital markets funds was primarily driven by an increase in total net assets managed as a result of our new funds. EPF and ACLF commenced operations during the third and fourth quarters of 2007, respectively, and COF I, COF II and AIE II commenced operations during the second quarter of 2008. Our remaining existing capital markets funds had a combined net increase of $9.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2008, net of a $12.6 million management fee waiver for AIE I, when compared to 2007. The investment performance of AIE I was adversely impacted due to market conditions in 2008, and its shareholders subsequently approved a monetization plan to sell AIE Is assets over a three-year period. During 2008, the company at its discretion established $12.6 million in management fee waiver to limit the adverse impact that deteriorating market conditions were having on AIE Is performance. As a result of the monetization plan, we expect AIE I to have adequate cash flow to satisfy its obligations as they come due. Therefore, we do not anticipate any additional waivers for AIE I in the future. Management fees charged to AIE I during 2008 were $5.5 million (net of the $12.6 million fee waiver), compared to $13.9 million in 2007. The company continues to charge AIE I management fees at a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I. Prior to the monetization plan, the management fees were based on 2.0% of the gross assets of AIE I.
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates was $48.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $80.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $31.7 million or 39.6%. This change was primarily attributable to the increase in net unrealized losses of $10.4 million from our fund portfolio investments to a carried interest loss of $5.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to income of $5.2 million for the same period in 2007, primarily driven by decreases in the fair values of
180
investments held by SVF and VIF of $5.4 million and $4.4 million, respectively. The remaining change was attributable to a decrease in realized gains of $21.3 million from our fund portfolio
investments to $53.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to $75.0 million for the same period in 2007, primarily due to a decrease in realized gains in VIF, AAOF and SVF of $6.3 million, $6.3 million and $5.3 million,
Expenses
Year
Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
|||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
$ | 77,530 | $ | 82,516 | $ | (4,986 | ) | (6.0 | )% | ||||
Interest expense |
28,432 | 46,579 | (18,147 | ) | (39.0 | ) | |||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| 113,280 | (113,280 | ) | (100.0 | ) | |||||||
Professional fees |
27,376 | 12,464 | 14,912 | 119.6 | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
26,694 | 10,172 | 16,522 | 162.4 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
23,143 | 4,500 | 18,643 | 414.3 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
11,136 | 4,314 | 6,822 | 158.1 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
5,436 | 2,402 | 3,034 | 126.3 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
$ | 199,747 | $ | 276,227 | $ | (76,480 | ) | (27.7 | )% | ||||
Total expenses for the capital markets segment were $199.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $276.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $76.5 million or 27.7%. This change was primarily attributable to lower interest expense incurred since the BCF was recognized during 2007.
Compensation and benefits were $77.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $82.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $5.0 million or 6.0%. This change was primarily attributable to lower incentive-based compensation expense of $3.2 million driven by decreased carried interest income earned from affiliates during the period.
Interest expense was $28.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $46.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $18.1 million or 39.0%. This change was primarily attributable to additional interest incurred during 2007 on the convertible notes and a related write-off of unamortized debt issuance costs, which totaled $24.0 million and is discussed further in note 10 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. This decrease was partially offset by additional interest of $5.9 million incurred during 2008, primarily attributable to the AMH credit facility that was entered into during April 2007.
Interest expense of $113.3 million was incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007 as a result of the recognition of the BCF when the convertible notes issued to the Strategic Investors on July 13, 2007, were mandatorily converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares in August 2007. The allocation of this interest expense to this segment was based on the fair value of the entities in this segment on July 13, 2007.
Professional fees were $27.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $12.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $14.9 million or 119.6%. This change was primarily attributable to increased external accounting, tax, audit, legal and consulting fees incurred during 2008 in connection with the expansion of our platform.
General, administrative and other expenses were $26.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $10.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $16.5 million or 162.4%. This change was primarily attributable to increased travel, information technology and other expenses incurred during 2008 as a result of expanding our global platform and increased headcount.
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Placement fees incurred were $23.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $18.6 million or 414.3%. These expenses were incurred in relation to the raising of additional committed capital during 2008 for new capital markets funds.
Occupancy expense was $11.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $6.8 million or 158.1%. This change was primarily attributable to the expansion of office space leased during 2008 as a result of the increase in our headcount, as well as increased maintenance fees incurred on existing office space leased.
Depreciation and amortization expense was $5.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $2.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $3.0 million or 126.3%. This change was primarily attributable to depreciation expense associated with new assets placed in service during the period.
Other (Loss) Income
Year Ended
December 31, |
Amount
Change |
Percentage
Change |
||||||||||||
2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (38,444 | ) | $ | | $ | (38,444 | ) | NM | |||||
Interest income |
7,401 | 3,027 | 4,374 | 144.5 | % | |||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(34,718 | ) | 1,350 | (36,068 | ) | NM | ||||||||
Other income, net |
2,277 | | 2,277 | NM | ||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
$ | (63,484 | ) | $ | 4,377 | $ | (67,861 | ) | NM | |||||
Total other (loss) income for the capital markets segment was $(63.5) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $67.9 million. This change was primarily attributable to investment losses as a result of the decline in the values of equity method investments, combined with increased net losses from investment activities.
Net losses from investment activities were $38.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008. This amount was attributable to an unrealized loss related to Artus, where we as the general partner, are guaranteeing the negative equity of the fund.
Interest income was $7.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $3.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, an increase of $4.4 million or 144.5%. This change was primarily attributable to higher average cash balances during 2008 resulting in additional interest earned during the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the same period during 2007.
(Loss) income from equity method investments was $(34.7) million for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to $1.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $36.1 million. This change was primarily attributable to equity method investment losses associated with new capital markets funds, specifically Artus, ACLF, COF I, COF II, and EPF totaling $33.3 million, combined with losses on existing investments of $2.8 million.
182
Real Estate
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our real estate segment for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate | Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,568 | | 1,568 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,568 | | 1,568 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
6,126 | | 6,126 | 2,876 | | 2,876 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
277 | | 277 | 327 | | 327 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
421 | | 421 | 661 | | 661 | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
750 | | 750 | 162 | | 162 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
272 | | 272 | 189 | | 189 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
73 | | 73 | 34 | | 34 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
7,919 | | 7,919 | 4,249 | | 4,249 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Gains from repurchase of debt |
| | | 941 | 941 | |||||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 263 | 263 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
2 | | 2 | 222 | | 222 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
2 | 263 | 265 | 1,163 | | 1,163 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (6,349 | ) | $ | 263 | $ | (6,086 | ) | $ | (3,086 | ) | $ | | $ | (3,086 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
Management fees were $1.6 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and, of the total fees, $1.1 million and $0.5 million were related to ARI and the AGRE CMBS Account, respectively.
Total expenses for the real estate segment were $7.9 million and $4.2 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The majority of these expenses were incurred to establish our investment platform that will target real estate investment opportunities. The $3.3 million increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount during the period.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2009
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our real estate segment for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. ENI is a not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate | Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
3,215 | | 3,215 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
3,215 | | 3,215 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
9,803 | | 9,803 | 5,728 | | 5,728 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
592 | | 592 | 668 | | 668 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
938 | | 938 | 838 | | 838 | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
1,290 | | 1,290 | 524 | | 524 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
537 | | 537 | 309 | | 309 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
129 | | 129 | 65 | | 65 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
13,289 | | 13,289 | 8,132 | | 8,132 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Gains from repurchase of debt |
| | | 941 | 941 | |||||||||||||||||
Income from equity method investments |
| 120 | 120 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
74 | | 74 | 209 | | 209 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
74 | 120 | 194 | 1,150 | | 1,150 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (10,000 | ) | $ | 120 | $ | (9,880 | ) | $ | (6,982 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,982 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
Management fees were $3.2 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, and of the total fees, $2.2 million and $1.0 million were related to ARI and the AGRE CMBS Account, respectively.
Total expenses for the real estate segment were $13.3 million and $8.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The majority of these expenses were incurred to establish our investment platform that will target real estate investment opportunities. The $4.1 million increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount during the period.
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Year ended December 31, 2009 Compared to Year ended December 31, 2008
The following table sets forth our segment statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our real estate segment for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Real Estate | Real Estate | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,201 | | 1,201 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,201 | | 1,201 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (1) |
10,919 | | 10,919 | 4,679 | | 4,679 | |||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
1,300 | | 1,300 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Professional fees |
1,848 | | 1,848 | 101 | | 101 | |||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
9,501 | | 9,501 | 1,130 | | 1,130 | |||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
830 | | 830 | 93 | | 93 | |||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
142 | | 142 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
24,540 | | 24,540 | 6,003 | | 6,003 | |||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
941 | | 941 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
2 | | 2 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Loss from equity method investments |
| (743 | ) | (743 | ) | | | | |||||||||||||||
Other income, net |
100 | | 100 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
1,043 | (743 | ) | 300 | | | | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (22,296 | ) | $ | (743 | ) | $ | (23,039 | ) | $ | (6,003 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,003 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
Management fees were $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, and of the total fees, $1.1 million and $0.1 million were related to ARI and the AGRE CMBS Account, respectively.
Total expenses for the real estate segment were $24.5 million and $6.0 million for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The majority of these expenses were incurred to establish our investment platform that will target real estate investment opportunities. The $6.2 million increase in compensation and benefits was primarily attributable to an increase in headcount during the period.
Summary Combined Segment Results for Management Business and Incentive Business
The following tables combine our reportable segments statements of operations information and supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our management and incentive businesses for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007. ENI represents
185
segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the condensed consolidated and consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
In addition to providing the financial results of our three reportable business segments, we evaluate our reportable segments based on what we refer to as our management and incentive businesses. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fee revenues, carried interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds and expenses, each of which we believe are more stable in nature.
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||||
2010 (1) | 2009 (2)(3) | 2010 (1) | 2009 (2) (3) | 2009 (4)(5)(6) | 2008 (7) (8) | 2007 (8)(9) (10) | |||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Management Business |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | $ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 90,602 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | 406,257 | 384,247 | 249,424 | ||||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
10,240 | 12,100 | 22,340 | 24,785 | 50,404 | 49,829 | 51,532 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
143,196 | 113,969 | 270,169 | 230,221 | 512,736 | 579,257 | 391,558 | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits (11) |
60,289 | 55,012 | 120,059 | 107,071 | 227,356 | 201,098 | 149,553 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | 50,252 | 62,622 | 103,226 | ||||||||||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | | | | | 240,000 | ||||||||||||||||
Professional fees (12) |
9,063 | 8,509 | 21,617 | 13,744 | 33,220 | 72,907 | 71,583 | ||||||||||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| | | | | 200,000 | | ||||||||||||||||
General, administrative and other (13) |
16,338 | 11,420 | 30,403 | 21,707 | 59,437 | 70,537 | 32,867 | ||||||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | 12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | ||||||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | 29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | ||||||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | 24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
107,274 | 102,511 | 219,898 | 197,860 | 436,553 | 701,472 | 645,216 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities (14) |
| | | | | | (73 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Dividend income |
| | | | | | 551 | ||||||||||||||||
Gain from debt repurchase |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | 36,193 | | | ||||||||||||||||
Interest income |
298 | 285 | 660 | 691 | 1,450 | 19,368 | 19,421 | ||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss), net |
25,264 | 23,219 | 21,906 | 39,152 | 41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Total Other Income |
25,562 | 59,697 | 22,566 | 76,036 | 79,053 | 14,759 | 19,863 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 61,484 | $ | 71,155 | $ | 72,837 | $ | 108,397 | $ | 155,236 | $ | (107,456 | ) | $ | (233,795 | ) | |||||||
(1) | Includes $27.5 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement included in other income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively. |
(2) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $12.1 million and $24.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.1 million and $4.3 million during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively, have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(3) | Includes $15.0 million and $30.0 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement included in other income during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010, respectively. |
(4) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $12.7 million during 2009 and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.2 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
186
(5) | Includes $8 million of offering costs related to the launch of ARI during the third quarter of 2009, which were contractually incurred by the company for the benefit of ARI. |
(6) | Includes $37.5 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement included in other income. |
(7) | Includes $200 million of litigation settlement expense related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement. |
(8) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and $51.5 million during 2008 and 2007, respectively, and the related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million and $10.3 million during 2008 and 2007, respectively, have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
(9) | Includes $240 million of interest expense associated with the beneficial conversion feature, which was recorded during 2007. |
(10) | Includes $44 million of unamortized debt issuance costs that were associated with the convertible notes, which were written off on the conversion date, and $6 million of interest expense that was incurred on the convertible notes prior to their mandatory conversion, as described in note 5 above. |
(11) | Excludes non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation. |
(12) | Includes $1.9 million and $4.0 million that was incurred to register Class A shares during the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $1.0 million and $2.8 million that was incurred to register Class A shares during the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively. Finally $14.7 million and $26.8 million that was incurred to register Class A shares during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively, and reorganization costs of $16.2 million that were incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007. Excludes professional fees related to consolidated funds. |
(13) | Excludes general and administrative expenses related to consolidated funds. |
(14) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
The financial performance of our incentive business, which is dependent upon quarterly mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to fair value measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expenses that are associated with our general partner interests in the Apollo funds, which are generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
Three
Months
Ended June 30, |
Six
Months
Ended June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 (1) | 2010 | 2009 (1) | 2009 | 2008 (1) | 2007 (1) | |||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Incentive Business |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized (losses) gains |
$ | (117,232 | ) | $ | 20,812 | $ | (71,998 | ) | $ | 35,376 | $ | 383,016 | $ | (1,211,300 | ) | $ | 393,122 | ||||||||
Realized gains |
53,316 | 6,928 | 104,703 | 32,837 | 70,976 | 365,338 | 292,433 | ||||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(63,916 | ) | 27,740 | 32,705 | 68,213 | 453,992 | (845,962 | ) | 685,555 | ||||||||||||||||
Expenses: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Realized profit sharing expense |
26,982 | 2,570 | 46,680 | 11,671 | 24,073 | 164,326 | 147,317 | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized profit sharing expense |
(53,234 | ) | 9,473 | (31,471 | ) | 15,967 | 143,475 | (647,008 | ) | 163,611 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
(26,252 | ) | 12,043 | 15,209 | 27,638 | 167,548 | (482,682 | ) | 310,928 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities (2) |
| 11,223 | | (9,735 | ) | 39,062 | (38,444 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(927 | ) | 42,438 | 9,676 | 27,859 | 100,280 | (101,770 | ) | 12,014 | ||||||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(927 | ) | 53,661 | 9,676 | 18,124 | 139,342 | (140,214 | ) | 12,014 | ||||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (38,591 | ) | $ | 69,358 | $ | 27,172 | $ | 58,699 | $ | 425,786 | $ | (503,494 | ) | $ | 386,641 | |||||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC and the related incentive fee compensation expense have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
(2) | Excludes investment income and net gains (losses) from investments related to consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
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Summary
Below is the summary of our total reportable segments including management and incentive businesses and a reconciliation of ENI to Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC reported in our condensed consolidated statements of operations and our consolidated and combined statements of operations:
Three
Months
Ended June 30, |
Six
Months
Ended June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 79,280 | $ | 141,709 | $ | 302,874 | $ | 298,434 | $ | 966,728 | $ | (266,705 | ) | $ | 1,077,113 | |||||||||||||
Expenses |
81,022 | 114,554 | 235,107 | 225,498 | 604,101 | 218,790 | 956,144 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other income (loss) |
24,635 | 113,358 | 32,242 | 94,160 | 218,395 | (125,455 | ) | 31,877 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
22,893 | 140,513 | 100,009 | 167,096 | 581,022 | (610,950 | ) | 152,846 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(279,960 | ) | (275,592 | ) | (553,606 | ) | (549,508 | ) | (1,100,106 | ) | (1,125,184 | ) | (989,849 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | (28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income of Metals Trading Fund |
(1,343 | ) | 1,303 | (2,573 | ) | 728 | | | | |||||||||||||||||||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities (1) |
(7,261 | ) | (762 | ) | (9,767 | ) | (1,521 | ) | (7,818 | ) | (14,918 | ) | (4,471 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | 400,440 | 801,799 | 278,549 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | $ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||||||
(1) | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated VIEs as such amounts are not included within Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC. Economic Net Income (Loss) is presented on a segment basis and excludes our consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Historical
Although we have managed our historical liquidity needs by looking at deconsolidated cash flows, our historical consolidated and combined statement of cash flows reflects the cash flows of Apollo, as well as those of our consolidated Apollo funds.
The primary cash flow activities of Apollo are:
|
Generating cash flow from operations; |
|
Making investments in Apollo funds; |
|
Meeting financing needs through credit agreements; and |
|
Distributing cash flow to equity holders and Non-Controlling Interests. |
Primary cash flow activities of the consolidated Apollo funds are:
|
Raising capital from their investors, which have been reflected historically as Non-Controlling Interests of the consolidated subsidiaries in our financial statements; |
|
Using capital to make investments; |
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|
Generating cash flow from operations through dividends, interest and the realization of investments; and |
|
Distributing cash flow to investors. |
While primarily met by cash flows generated through fee income and carried interest income received, working capital needs have also been met (to a limited extent) through borrowings as follows:
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|||||||||
(in thousands) | (in thousands) | |||||||||||
AMH credit facility |
$ | 909,091 | 4.33 | % (1) | $ | 909,091 | 5.15 | % (1) | ||||
CIT master loan agreement |
23,940 | 3.46 | 24,743 | 3.64 | ||||||||
Total Debt |
$ | 933,031 | 4.30 | % | $ | 933,834 | 5.11 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes the effect of interest rate swaps. |
We determine whether to make capital commitments to our private equity funds in excess of our minimum required amounts based on a variety of factors, including estimates regarding our liquidity resources over the estimated time period during which commitments will have to be funded, estimates regarding the amounts of capital that may be appropriate for other funds that we are in the process of raising or are considering raising, and our general working capital requirements.
We have made one or more distributions to our managing partners and contributing partners, representing all of the undistributed earnings generated by the businesses contributed to the Apollo Operating Group prior to the Private Offering Transactions. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to the Private Offering Transactions or carry-generating transactions to which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to the Private Offering Transactions are treated as having been earned prior to the Private Offering Transactions.
On April 21, 2009 and May 1, 2009, the company purchased a combined total of $90.9 million face value of AMH debt related to the credit agreement for a cost of approximately $54.7 million resulting in a net gain of $36.2 million.
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Cash Flows
Significant amounts from our condensed consolidated statements of cash flow for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and our consolidated and combined statements of cash flows for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 are summarized and discussed within the table and corresponding commentary below. Prior to August 1, 2007, the funds cash flows were reflected in our consolidated and combined statement of cash flows and caused our cash flow to be substantially higher. Subsequent to the deconsolidation of most of the Apollo funds, the main drivers of cash flows are our management and incentive businesses.
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
Year Ended
December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Operating Activities |
$ | (113,192 | ) | $ | 75,596 | $ | 107,993 | $ | 153,071 | $ | 855,741 | |||||||||
Investing Activities |
(27,512 | ) | (34,761 | ) | (16,870 | ) | (186,458 | ) | (29,113 | ) | ||||||||||
Financing Activities |
257,981 | (82,401 | ) | (106,264 | ) | (348,299 | ) | (272,922 | ) | |||||||||||
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents |
$ | 117,277 | $ | (41,566 | ) | $ | (15,141 | ) | $ | (381,686 | ) | $ | 553,706 | |||||||
Operating Activities
Net cash used in operating activities was $113.2 million during the six months ended June 30, 2010. During this period there was a $375.3 million net loss, to which $553.6 million of equity-based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2010 included $85.6 million of net unrealized gains from investment activities and $371.6 million of purchases of investments held by AAA and consolidated VIEs, $6.2 million of income from equity method investments and $86.3 million of cash held at consolidated VIEs. These unfavorable cash adjustments were offset by dividends from investment activities of $17.0 million, sales of investments held by consolidated VIEs of $83.0 million, $38.0 million of cash transferred from the Metals Trading Fund and a $99.2 million decrease in our carried interest receivable. The decrease in our carried interest receivable balance during the six months ended June 30, 2010 was driven by fund cash distributions of $154.2 million, offset by a $55.0 million increase in the fair value of Apollo managed funds.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $75.6 million during the six months ended June 30, 2009. During this period there was a $273.2 million net loss, to which $549.5 million of equity-based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the six months ended June 30, 2009 included $123.0 million of net unrealized gains from investment activities that related to the consolidated funds, $23.1 million of income from equity method investments and a $34.3 million increase in our carried interest receivable, which was driven by a $93.0 million increase in the fair value of Apollo managed funds, partially offset by cash distributions of $58.7 million. These unfavorable adjustments were partially offset by $9.7 million in losses related to general partner commitments along with a $16.1 million increase in our profit sharing payable, which was primarily driven by increases in the fair value of Apollo managed funds.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $107.9 million during the year ended December 31, 2009. During this period there was a $95.4 million net loss, to which $1.1 billion of equity based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2009 included $471.9 million of unrealized gains on investments held by AAA, a $406.8 million increase in our carried interest receivable and $83.1 million of income from equity method investments. The increase in our carried interest receivable balance during the year ended December 31, 2009 was driven by a $504.4 million increase in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner, offset by fund cash distributions of $97.6 million. There was also a $45.3 million change in deferred revenue and $40.0 million change in net purchases of investments.
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These unfavorable cash adjustments were offset by a $144.5 million increase in our profit sharing payable, which was also primarily driven by increases in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $153.1 million during the year ended December 31, 2008. During this period there was a $2.9 billion net loss, to which $1.1 billion of equity based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2008 included $1.2 billion of unrealized losses on investments held by AAA, a $1.2 billion decrease in our carried interest receivable and a $211.0 million increase in deferred revenue that was primarily driven by new deal activity related to LeverageSource. The significant decrease in our carried interest receivable balance during the year ended December 31, 2008 was driven by a $783.1 million decrease in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner and fund cash distributions of $456.0 million. These favorable cash adjustments were offset by a $566.8 million reduction in our profit sharing payable, which was also primarily driven by decreases in the fair value of the funds for which we act as general partner, and a $207.9 million decrease in due to affiliates that was primarily the result of a reduction in amounts due to managing partners in connection with the Reorganization.
Net cash provided by operating activities was $855.7 million during the year ended December 31, 2007. During this period there was $1.2 billion of net income, to which $1.0 billion of equity based compensation, a non-cash expense, was added to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities. Additional adjustments to reconcile cash provided by operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2007 included $3.8 billion in proceeds from the sale of investments and liquidating dividends in our consolidated funds, $240.0 million from a non-cash interest charge related to a beneficial conversion feature, a $174.8 million increase in profit sharing payable and a $102.8 million increase in accounts payable and accrued expenses. These favorable cash adjustments were offset by $3.0 billion of investment purchases in our consolidated funds, $1.3 billion of unrealized gains on investments held by consolidated funds, $1.0 billion of realized gains on investments held by consolidated funds, a $203.1 million increase in our carried interest receivable and $142.2 million in cash relinquished with deconsolidation of funds.
The operating cash flow amounts from the Apollo funds represent the significant variances between net (loss) income and cash flow from operations and were classified as operating activities pursuant to the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, or AICPA, Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , or Investment Company Guide. The increasing capital needs reflect the growth of our business while the fund-related requirements vary based upon the specific investment activities being conducted at a point in time. These movements do not adversely affect our liquidity or earnings trends because we currently have sufficient cash reserves compared to planned expenditures.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities was $27.5 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, which was primarily comprised of $42.0 million of cash contributions to equity method investments, $1.4 million of business acquisitions and $2.2 million of fixed asset purchases, offset by $17.7 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, COF I, COF II and EPF. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, ACLF and Vantium.
Net cash used in investing activities was $34.8 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $9.6 million of cash contributions to equity method investments, $12.7 million of fixed asset purchases and an increase of $21.1 million in restricted cash, offset by $8.6 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, COF I, EPF and Palmetto. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, ACLF, COF I and EPF. Fixed asset purchases were primarily comprised of leasehold improvements, furniture and equipment that were needed for the expansion of our offices.
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Net cash used in investing activities was $16.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $40.2 million of cash contributions to equity method investments and $15.8 million of fixed asset purchases, offset by $40.1 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, ARI, COF II and EPF. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to COF I, Fund VII, EPF and ACLF.
Net cash used in investing activities was $186.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily comprised of $165.0 million of cash contributions to equity method investments and $57.3 million of fixed asset purchases, offset by $34.1 million of cash distributions from equity method investments. Cash contributions to equity method investments were primarily related to Fund VII, COF I, COF II, ACLF, EPF and Vantium. Cash distributions from equity method investments were primarily related to Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd., Fund VII, COF II and EPF. Fixed asset purchases were primarily comprised of leasehold improvements, furniture and equipment that were needed for the expansion of our investment platform.
Net cash used in investing activities was $29.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, which was primarily comprised of $16.0 million of cash relinquished related to excluded assets, $9.2 million of contributions to equity method investments and $6.9 million of fixed asset purchases.
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities was $258.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010, which was primarily comprised of $320.2 million of debt issued by consolidated VIEs. This amount was offset by the repayment of term loans of $17.2 million by consolidated VIEs, as well as $11.5 million of distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated entities, and $7.7 million, $16.8 million and $6.6 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders, Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group and Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated entities, respectively.
Net cash used in financing activities was $82.4 million for the six months ended June 30, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $6.9 million of distributions paid to Non-Controlling Interests in the consolidated entities, the repurchase of debt and Class A shares of $54.5 million and $3.5 million, respectively, and $4.9 million and $12.0 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders and Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, respectively.
Net cash used in financing activities was $106.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2009, which was primarily comprised of $55.8 million in repurchases of debt related to the AMH credit facility and principal repayments on debt, $18.0 million of distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, $12.4 million of distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities and $4.9 million and $12.0 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders and Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, respectively.
Net cash used in financing activities was $348.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, which was primarily comprised of $134.4 million of dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group, $58.6 million of principal repayments on debt that was primarily related to the AAA Holdings credit facility, $62.2 million in distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities and $54.9 million of dividends paid to Class A shareholders. These decreases in cash were offset by a $26.9 million increase in proceeds from a credit agreement in connection with the CIT Secured Loan Agreement.
Net cash used in financing activities was $272.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, which was primarily comprised of $2.7 billion in distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities, $1.1 billion in distributions to managing partners in connection with the Reorganization, $1.2 billion and $39.0 million in additional distributions to managing partners and contributing partners, respectively, $227.7 million in withdrawals paid to the investors in our consolidated Apollo funds, which were historically reflected as Non-Controlling Interests prior to the deconsolidation of these funds, and $156.4 million in purchases of interests from contributing partners. The aforementioned uses of cash in financing activities were offset by $2.2 billion in
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contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities, a $1.2 billion issuance of convertible notes that were issued to the Strategic Investors and subsequently converted into Class A shares, $1.0 billion in proceeds from the AMH credit facility and $818.9 million in net proceeds from the issuance of additional Class A shares.
Dividends/Distributions
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of quarterly dividends are at the sole discretion of the company.
On April 19, 2010, the company made a cash payment of $15.0 million to the managing partners and contributing partners relating to the tax receivable agreement resulting from a realized tax benefit for the 2009 tax year.
On May 27, 2010, the company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid on June 15, 2010. Of the $23.5 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, the company received $6.7 million, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to Holdings.
On September 9, 2009, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $27.0 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement for a portion of the tax savings APO Corp. realized as result of the acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units from the managing partners and the contributing partners. As such, $17.9 million was distributed to the managing partners and contributing partners through their ownership of Holdings and the remaining $9.1 million was paid to APO Corp. for it to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
On January 8, 2009, the company declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per Class A share, which was paid on January 15, 2009. Of the $16.9 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, the company received $4.9 million, and the remaining $12.0 million was paid to Holdings related to the tax year ended December 31, 2008. The company also accrued $0.3 million for distribution equivalents on vested RSUs, which were paid in January 2010.
During December 2008, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $18.1 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement for a portion of the tax savings APO Corp. realized as a result of the acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units from the managing partners and the contributing partners. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsTax Receivable Agreement for a discussion of the required payment. As such, $14.4 million was distributed to the managing partners and contributing partners through their ownership of Holdings and the remaining $3.7 million was paid to APO Corp. for it to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
The company accrued $0.4 million in distribution equivalents during the third quarter of 2008, which related to unvested RSUs granted to employees that are subject to accelerated vesting conditions in respect of distributions in accordance with the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. These amounts were paid in January 2009.
On July 15, 2008, the company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.23 per Class A share, which included a second quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.07 per Class A share that primarily related to realizations from (i) portfolio companies of Fund IV, Sky Terra Communications, Inc. and United Rentals, Inc., (ii) dividend income from a portfolio company of Fund VI and (iii) interest income related to debt investments of Fund VI. This $77.6 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $22.4 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed on July 25, 2008, to its Class A shareholders of record on July 18, 2008, and the remaining $55.2 million was paid to Holdings.
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On April 4, 2008, the company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.33 per Class A share, which included a first quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.17 per Class A share that primarily related to the realization of a fund portfolio company in February 2008. The $111.3 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $32.2 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed to its Class A shareholders of record on April 18, 2008, and the remaining $79.1 million was paid to Holdings.
The dividends declared in 2008 and 2009 are returns of amounts paid in by our Class A shareholders. All cash distributions paid in 2009 and 2008 have been charged against additional paid in capital.
Excluded Assets
At the time of the Reorganization on July 13, 2007, certain assets were not contributed to Apollo Global Management, LLC. The following summarizes the impact of the excluded assets in the periods prior to their exclusion:
Period
January 1, 2007 July 13, 2007 |
||||
(in thousands) | ||||
Revenues |
$ | | ||
Expenses |
(297 | ) | ||
Net losses from investment activities |
(4,513 | ) | ||
Net Loss |
(4,810 | ) | ||
Net Loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
3,942 | |||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC. |
$ | (868 | ) | |
Future Cash Flows
We have contributed the net proceeds of the Private Offering Transactions to the Apollo Operating Group, which is using the net proceeds:
|
to provide capital to facilitate the growth of our existing private equity and capital markets businesses, including through funding a portion of our general partner capital commitments to our funds; |
|
to provide capital to facilitate our expansion into new businesses that are complementary to our existing businesses and that can benefit from being affiliated with us, including possibly through selected strategic acquisitions; and |
|
for other general corporate purposes. |
We expect the proceeds from the offering, the cash on hand, capital calls from limited partners and our cash flows from operating activities will satisfy our liquidity needs with respect to current commitments relating to investments and with respect to our debt obligations over the next twelve months. We expect to meet our long-term liquidity requirements, including the repayment of our debt obligations and any new commitments, through the generation and growth of operating income and by raising capital, if necessary.
Our ability to execute our business strategy, particularly our ability to increase our AUM, depends on our ability to establish new funds and to raise additional investor capital within such funds. Our liquidity will depend on a number of factors, such as our ability to project our financial performance, which is highly dependent on our funds and our ability to manage our projected costs, fund performance, having access to credit facilities, being in compliance with existing credit agreements, as well as industry and market trends. Also during economic downturns the funds we manage might experience cash flow issues or liquidate entirely. In these situations we
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might be asked to reduce or eliminate the management fee and incentive fees we charge. As was the situation with AIE I, this could adversely impact our cash flow in the future.
For example, the investment performance of AlE I was adversely impacted due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, and its shareholders subsequently approved a monetization plan to sell AlE Is assets over a three-year period. The company waived management fees of $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 and an additional $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009 to limit the adverse impact that deteriorating market conditions were having on AIE Is performance. As a result of the monetization plan, we expect AIE I to have adequate cash flow to satisfy its obligations as they come due, Therefore, we do not anticipate any additional fee waivers for AIE I in the future. The company continues to charge AIE I management fees at a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I. Prior to the monetization plan, the management fees were based on 2.0% of the gross assets of AIE I. The company has no future plans to waive additional management fees charged to AIE I or to lower the current management fee arrangement.
In addition, we recently announced a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS, whereby we agreed to reduce management fees and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit.
An increase in the fair value of our funds investments, by contrast, could favorably impact our liquidity through higher management fees where the management fees are calculated based on the net asset value, gross assets and adjusted assets. Additionally, higher carried interest income would generally result when investments appreciate over their basis.
The company granted approximately 6.7 million RSUs to its employees in the first quarter of 2010. The estimated fair value per share on the grant date was $10.93 with a total fair value of the grant of $73.1 million. This will impact the companys compensation expense as these grants are amortized over their vesting term of three to six years. The company expects to incur annual compensation expenses of approximately $11.1 million, $26.6 million, $19.2 million, $8.2 million, $7.5 million and $0.5 million during the years ended December 31, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014 and 2015, respectively. These grants will not have an impact on the companys cash flow.
On August 2, 2010, the company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid as of August 25, 2010. Of the $23.7 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $6.9 million was received by the company, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to the companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
Although Apollo Global Management, LLC expects to pay dividends according to our dividend policy, we may not pay dividends according to our policy, or at all, if, among other things, we do not have the cash necessary to pay the intended dividends. To the extent we do not have cash on hand sufficient to pay dividends, we may have to borrow funds to pay dividends, or we may determine not to pay dividends. The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of our quarterly dividend is at the sole discretion of our manager.
Carried interest income from our funds can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The managing partners, contributing partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, to the extent of their ownership interest, subject to certain limitations, the obligations of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular managing partners or contributing partners distributions. The shareholders agreement dated July 13, 2007, includes clauses that indemnify each of our managing partners and certain contributing partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these
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personal guarantees in favor of Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that our managing partners and contributing partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that our managing partners, contributing partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made carried interest distributions with respect to Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI, we will be obligated to reimburse our managing partners and certain contributing partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of June 30, 2010, the company has indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.3 million due to Fund VI.
Distributions to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners
The three managing partners who became employees of Apollo Global Management, LLC on July 13, 2007, are each entitled to a $100,000 base salary. Any additional consideration will be paid to them in their proportional ownership interest in Holdings. Please refer to the structure chart for participation of profits in the Apollo Operating Group by Holdings. Additionally, 85% of any tax savings APO Corp. recognizes as a result of the tax receivable agreement will be paid to any exchanging or selling managing partners.
It should be noted that subsequent to the Reorganization, the contributing partners retained ownership interests at the entity level below the Apollo Operating Group; therefore any distributions prior to flowing up to the Apollo Operating Group are shared pro rata with the contributing partners who have a direct interest in the entity (management or advisory entity). These distributions are considered compensation expense post-Reorganization.
The contributing partners are entitled to receive the following:
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Profit sharingprivate equity carried interest income, from direct ownership of advisory entities. Any changes in fair value of the underlying fund investments would result in changes to Apollo Global Management, LLCs profit sharing payable. |
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Net management fee incomedistributable cash determined by the general partner of each management company, from direct ownership of the management company entity. The contributing partners will continue to receive net management fee income payments based on the interests they retained in management companies directly. Such payments are treated as compensation expense post-Reorganization as described above. |
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Any additional consideration will be paid to them in their proportional ownership interest in Holdings. Please refer to the structure chart for participation of profits in and distributions from the Apollo Operating Group by Holdings. |
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No base compensation is paid to the contributing partners from the company. |
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Additionally, 85% of any tax savings APO Corp. recognizes as a result of the tax receivable agreement will be paid to any exchanging or selling contributing partner. |
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Commitments
Our management companies and general partners have committed that we, or our affiliates, will invest into the funds a certain percentage of their capital. While a small percentage of these amounts are funded by us, the majority of these amounts have historically been funded by our affiliates, including certain of our employees and certain Apollo funds. The table below presents the commitment and remaining commitment amounts of Apollo and its affiliates, the percentage of total fund commitments of Apollo and its affiliates, the commitment and remaining commitment amounts of Apollo only (excluding affiliates), and the percentage of total fund commitments of Apollo only (excluding affiliates) for each private equity fund and each capital markets fund as of June 30, 2010 as follows ($ in millions):
Fund |
Apollo
and
Affiliates Commitments |
% of Total
Fund Commitments |
Apollo
Only
(Excluding Affiliates) Commitments |
Apollo
Only
(Excluding Affiliates) % of Total Fund Commitments |
Apollo and
Affiliates Remaining Commitments |
Apollo
Only
(Excluding Affiliates) Remaining Commitments |
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Fund VII |
$467.2 | (1) | 3.18 | % | $187.7 | 1.28 | % | $290.0 | (1) | $117.3 | ||||||||
Fund VI |
246.3 | 2.43 | 6.1 | 0.06 | 29.2 | 0.7 | ||||||||||||
Fund V |
100.0 | 2.67 | 0.5 | 0.01 | 6.5 | | (2) | |||||||||||
Fund IV |
100.0 | 2.78 | 0.2 | 0.01 | 0.5 | | (2) | |||||||||||
Fund III |
100.6 | 6.71 | | | 15.5 | | ||||||||||||
ACLF |
23.9 | 2.43 | 23.9 | 2.43 | 6.8 | 6.8 | ||||||||||||
EPF |
537.4 | (3) | 33.91 | 21.6 | 1.36 | 273.7 | (4) | 11.8 | ||||||||||
SOMA |
9.7 | 1.20 | 9.7 | 1.20 | 2.3 | 2.3 | ||||||||||||
ACLF Co-Invest |
| (5) | | (5) | | (5) | | (5) | | (5) | | (5) | ||||||
COF I |
234.9 | (6) | 15.82 | 29.6 | 1.99 | 36.4 | (6) | 3.5 | ||||||||||
COF II |
71.0 | 4.49 | 23.4 | 1.48 | 1.9 | 0.6 | ||||||||||||
AIE II |
8.0 | 3.17 | 4.9 | 1.94 | 0.8 | 0.5 | ||||||||||||
Palmetto |
9.0 | 1.19 | 9.0 | 1.19 | 6.0 | 6.0 | ||||||||||||
Total |
$1,908.0 | $316.6 | $669.6 | $149.5 | ||||||||||||||
(1) | As of June 30, 2010, Palmetto had commitments and remaining commitment amounts in Fund VII of $110.0 million and $68 million, respectively. |
(2) | As of June 30, 2010, Apollo had an immaterial amount of remaining commitments in Fund IV and Fund V. Accordingly, presentation of such remaining commitments was not deemed meaningful for inclusion in the table above. |
(3) | Of the total commitment amount in EPF, AAA, SOMA and Palmetto have approximately $288.7 million, $91.8 million and $136.5 million, respectively. |
(4) | Of the total remaining commitment amount in EPF, AAA, SOMA and Palmetto have approximately $138.0 million, $46.5 million and $65.7 million, respectively. |
(5) | As of June 30, 2010, the general partner of ACLF Co-Invest had committed an immaterial amount to ACLF Co-Invest. Accordingly, presentation of such commitment was not deemed meaningful for inclusion in the table above. |
(6) | As of June 30, 2010, SOMA had commitments and remaining commitment amounts in COF I of $250.0 million and $200.6 million, respectively. |
As a limited partner, the general partner and manager of the Apollo private equity funds and capital markets funds, Apollo has unfunded capital commitments of $149.5 million and $201.3 million at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively.
Apollo has an ongoing obligation to acquire additional common units from AAA on a quarterly basis in an amount equal to 25% of the aggregate after tax cash distributions, if any, that are made to Apollo affiliates pursuant to the carried interest distribution rights that are applicable to the investments that are made through AAA Investments.
The AMH credit facility, which provides for a variable-rate term loan, will have future impacts on our cash uses. Borrowings under the AMH credit facility accrue interest at a rate of (i) LIBOR loans (LIBOR plus 1.50%), or (ii) base rate loans (base rate plus 0.50%). The loan matures in April 2014. Additionally, the company has hedged $600 million of the variable-rate loan with fixed rate swaps to minimize our interest rate risk. In April and May 2009, the company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of par value of the AMH debt for $54.7 million and recognized a net gain of $36.2 million.
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On June 30, 2008, the company entered into a credit agreement with Fund VI, pursuant to which the fund advanced $18.9 million of carried interest that was otherwise distributable to us under the partnership agreement in July 2008. The loan terminates on the earlier of June 30, 2017 or the termination of Fund VI and accrues interest based on a fixed rate of 3.45%.
As of June 30, 2010, assuming Fund VI liquidated on the balance sheet date, we accrued a liability to Fund VI of $13.1 million associated with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income previously distributed from Fund VI. Combined with the $18.9 million loan mentioned previously, along with accrued interest on the loan of $1.3 million, represents a total liability of $33.3 million to Fund VI.
In accordance with the Managing Partners Shareholders Agreement dated July 13, 2007, as amended, and the above credit agreement, we have indemnified the managing partners and certain contributing partners (at varying percentages) for any carried interest income distributed from Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI that is subject to contingent repayment by the general partner. As of June 30, 2010, we have indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.3 million due to Fund VI.
In accordance with the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, which is discussed in note 13 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, we have paid $200.0 million to Huntsman, while reserving all rights with respect to reallocation of the payment to certain of our other affiliates. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the company had received $27.5 million and $37.5 million of insurance proceeds related to the Hexion/Huntsman litigation settlement, respectively. The 2010 amount has been presented within other income in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Potential Future Costs
We anticipate our annual cost of complying with regulatory requirements once we are a public company will be approximately as follows:
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Board of Directors and Committee Member Fees$700,000; |
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Audit Fees$1.0 million; |
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Finance Staff$3.0 million; |
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Computer Systems and Information Technology Staff$1.3 million; |
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Investor Relations and Other External Communications$1.5 million; and |
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Internal Audit Function$2.1 million. |
We also may make grants of RSUs to independent directors that we appoint in the future.
This Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is based upon the consolidated and combined financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. We also report segment information from our consolidated and combined statement of operations and include a supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our private equity, capital markets and real estate segments. ENI represents segment income (loss), excluding the impact of non-cash charges related to equity- based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. ENI is not a U.S. GAAP measure.
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The preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. GAAP requires the use of estimates and assumptions that could affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses. Actual results could differ from these estimates. A summary of our significant accounting policies is presented in our consolidated and combined financial statements. The following is a summary of our accounting policies that are affected most by judgments, estimates and assumptions.
Consolidation
Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or through other means, including those funds of which the general partner is presumed to have control. We also consolidate entities that are VIEs for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary. Under the amended consolidation rules, an enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entitys business and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
Certain of our subsidiaries hold equity interests in and/or receive fees qualifying as variable interests from the funds that the company manages. The amended consolidation rules require an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Where the VIEs have qualified for the deferral of the amended consolidation rules as discussed in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, the analysis is based on previous consolidation rules. These rules require an analysis to determine (a) whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity.
Under both guidelines, the determination of whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE requires judgments which include (a) determining whether the equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, (b) evaluating whether the equity holders, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity, (c) determining whether two or more parties equity interests should be aggregated, and (d) determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive returns from an entity. Under both guidelines, Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively. However, if it is apparent that Apollo is the primary beneficiary, a quantitative expected losses and expected residual returns calculation will be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, affiliates of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Apollo fund may affect an entitys status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.
At each reporting date, Apollo assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate the entity accordingly. Performance of that assessment requires the exercise of judgment. Where the variable interests have qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in estimating cash flows in evaluating which member within the equity group absorbs a majority of the expected profits or losses of the VIE. Where the variable interests have not qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in determining whether a member in the equity group has a controlling financial interest including power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance and rights to receive benefits or obligations to absorb losses that are potentially significant to the VIE. Under both guidelines, judgment is made in evaluating the nature of relationships and activities of the parties involved in determining which party within a related-party group is most closely associated with a VIE. The use of these judgments has a material impact to certain components of Apollos consolidated financial statements.
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Revenue Recognition
Carried Interest Income from Affiliates. We earn carried interest income from our funds as a result of such funds achieving specified performance criteria. Such carried interest income generally is earned based upon a fixed percentage of realized and unrealized gains of various funds after meeting any applicable hurdle rate or threshold minimum. Carried interest income from certain of the private equity and capital markets funds that we manage is subject to contingent repayment. Carried interest income is generally paid to us as particular investments made by the funds are realized. If, however, upon liquidation of a fund, the aggregate amount paid to us as carried interest exceeds the amount actually due to us based upon the aggregate performance of the fund, the excess (in certain cases net of taxes) is required to be returned by us to that fund. For a majority of our capital markets funds, once the annual carried interest income has been determined, there generally is no look-back to prior periods for a potential contingent repayment, however, carried interest income on certain other capital markets funds can be subject to contingent repayment at the end of the life of the fund. We have elected to adopt Method 2 from U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to accounting for management fees based on a formula, and under this method, we accrue carried interest income quarterly based on fair value of the underlying investments and separately assess if contingent repayment is necessary. The determination of carried interest income and contingent repayment considers both the terms of the respective partnership agreements and the current fair value of the underlying investments within the funds. Estimates and assumptions are made when determining the fair value of the underlying investments within the funds and could vary depending on the valuation methodology that is used. Refer to note 16 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for disclosure of the amounts of carried interest income (loss) income from affiliates that was generated from realized versus unrealized losses. See the Valuation of Investments section below for further discussion related to significant estimates and assumptions used for determining fair value of the underlying investments in our capital markets and private equity funds.
Management Fees from Affiliates. The management fees related to our private equity funds are generally based on a fixed percentage of the committed capital or invested capital. The corresponding fee calculations that consider committed capital or invested capital are both objective in nature and therefore do not require the use of significant estimates or assumptions. Management fees related to our capital markets funds, by contrast, can be based on net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments, capital commitments, adjusted assets, or capital contributions, all as defined in the respective partnership agreements. The capital markets management fee calculations that consider net asset value, gross assets, adjusted cost of all unrealized portfolio investments and adjusted assets, are normally based on the terms of the respective partnership agreements and the current fair value of the underlying investments within the funds. Estimates and assumptions are made when determining the fair value of the underlying investments within the funds and could vary depending on the valuation methodology that is used. See the Valuation of Investments section below for further discussion related to significant estimates and assumptions used for determining fair value of the underlying investments in our capital markets and private equity funds.
Valuation of Investments
Equity Method Investments. For funds over which we exercise significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation, we use the equity method of accounting pursuant to U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to equity method of accounting, whereby we record our share of the underlying income or loss of these funds. As such, our results are based on the reported fair value of the funds as of the reporting date with our pro rata ownership interest of the changes in each funds net asset value reflected in our results of operations.
Pre-Deconsolidation. Prior to the deconsolidation on August 1, 2007 and November 30, 2007, a number of funds were consolidated into Apollos consolidated and combined financial statements. These funds are, for U.S. GAAP purposes, investment companies that apply specialized accounting principles specified by the Investment Company Guide, and reflect their investments on the individual consolidated and combined statement of financial condition at their estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair
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value reflected as a component of other income in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. The realized and unrealized gains had a significant impact on our results of operations.
Subsequent to Deconsolidation. Subsequent to deconsolidation of certain funds, our investments in Apollo funds are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, except for AAA and the Metals Trading Fund. The funds we manage, except AAA and the Metals Trading Fund, will impact our carried interest income from affiliates to the extent there is a change in the fair value of the funds underlying investments. The impact on our consolidated and combined statements of operations will only be effected to a certain percentage, typically 20%, of the change in fair value of the funds underlying investments, unless the general partner has a potential obligation to return previously recorded carried interest income in which case there is no effect. Management fees and advisory and transaction fees are impacted to the extent we have additional AUM and more transaction activity. AAA will continue to impact the companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
Private Equity Investments. The majority of the investments within our private equity funds are valued using the market approach, which provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry.
Market Approach. The market approach is driven by current market conditions, including actual trading levels of similar companies and, to the extent available, actual transaction data of similar companies. Judgment is required by management when assessing which companies are similar to the subject company being valued. Consideration may also be given to any of the following factors: (1) the subject companys historical and projected financial data; (2) valuations given to comparable companies; (3) the size and scope of the subject companys operations; (4) the subject companys individual strengths and weaknesses; (5) expectations relating to the markets receptivity to an offering of the subject companys securities; (6) applicable restrictions on transfer; (7) industry and market information; (8) general economic conditions; and (9) other factors deemed relevant. Market approach valuation models typically employ a multiple that is based on one or more of the factors described above. Sources for gaining additional knowledge related to comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. Once a comparable company set is determined, we review certain aspects of the subject companys performance and determine how its performance compares to the group and to certain individuals in the group. We compare certain measurements such as EBITDA margins, revenue growth over certain time periods, leverage ratios, and growth opportunities. In addition, we compare our entry multiple and its relation to the comparable set at the time of acquisition to understand its relation to the comparable set on each measurement date.
Income Approach. For investments where the market approach does not provide adequate fair value information, we rely on the income approach. The income approach is also used to value investments or validate the market approach within our private equity funds. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology used in the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are significant assumptions related to the subject companys expected results and a calculated discount rate, which is normally based on the subject companys weighted average cost of capital, or WACC. The WACC represents the required rate of return on total capitalization, which is comprised of a required rate of return on equity, plus the current tax-effected rate of return on debt, weighted by the relative percentages of equity and debt that are typical in the industry. The most critical step in determining the appropriate WACC for each subject company is to select companies that are comparable in nature to the subject company. Sources for gaining additional knowledge about the comparable companies include public filings, annual reports, analyst research reports, and press releases. The general formula then used for calculating the WACC considers the after-tax rate of return on debt capital and the rate of return on common equity capital, which further considers the risk-free rate of return, market beta, market risk premium and small stock premium, if applicable. The variables used in the WACC formula are inferred from the comparable market data obtained. The company evaluates the comparable companies selected and concludes on WACC inputs based on the most comparable company or analyzes the range of data for the investment.
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The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic) is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the close price on the date of determination.
Apollo utilizes a valuation committee consisting of members from senior management that reviews and approves the valuation results related to our private equity investments. Management also retains an independent valuation firm to provide third-party valuation consulting services to Apollo, which consist of certain limited procedures that management identifies and requests them to perform. The limited procedures provided by the independent valuation firm assist management with validating their valuation results. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
Capital Markets Investments. The investments in our capital markets funds are valued based on valuation models and quoted market prices. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. The capital markets funds also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Changes in value are recorded in income currently. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the credit default contract and the original contract price.
Forwards are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. When determining fair value pricing when an investment is thinly traded or no observable market value exists, the value attributed to an investment is based on the enterprise value at the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of our capital markets investments also may include the market approach and the income approach, as previously described above.
Apollo also utilizes a valuation committee that reviews and approves the valuation results related to our capital markets investments. Management performs various back-testing procedures to validate their valuation approaches, including comparisons between expected and observed outcomes, forecast evaluations and variance analysis.
The fair values of the investments in our private equity and capital markets funds can be impacted by changes to the assumptions used in the underlying valuation models. For further discussion on the impact of changes to valuation assumptions refer to Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsSensitivity included elsewhere in this prospectus. There have been no material changes to the underlying valuation models during the periods that our financial results are presented.
Valuation of Financial Instruments held by Consolidated VIEs
The consolidated VIEs hold investments that are traded over-the-counter. Investments in securities that are traded on a securities exchange or comparable over-the-counter quotation systems are valued based on the last reported sale price at that date. If no sales of such investments are reported on such date, and in the case of over-the-counter securities or other investments for which the last sale date is not available, valuations are based on independent market quotations obtained from market participants, recognized pricing services or other sources deemed relevant, and the prices are based on the average of the bid and ask prices, or at ascertainable prices at the close of business on such day. Market quotations are generally based on valuation pricing models or market transactions of similar securities adjusted for security-specific factors such as relative capital structure priority and interest and yield risks, among other factors.
The consolidated VIEs also have debt obligations that are recorded at fair value. The valuation approach used to estimate the fair values of debt obligations is the discounted cash flow method, which includes
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consideration of the cash flows of the debt obligation based on projected quarterly interest payments and quarterly amortization. Debt obligations are discounted based on the appropriate yield curve given the loans respective maturity and credit rating. Management uses its discretion and judgment in considering and appraising relevant factors for determining the valuations of its debt obligations.
Fair Value Option . Apollo has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of the consolidated VIEs. Such election is irrevocable and is applied to financial instruments on an individual basis at initial recognition. Apollo has applied the fair value option for certain corporate loans, other investments and debt obligations held by these entities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value. Refer to note 4 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further disclosure on financial instruments of the consolidated VIEs for which the fair value option has been elected.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of the net assets of a business, including identifiable intangible assets, as a result of acquired interests in the predecessor businesses pursuant to the Reorganization.
The companys intangible assets with finite lives relate to (i) trade names, (ii) contractual rights to receive future fee income from management and advisory services, and (iii) the contractual rights to earn future carried interest income from the private equity and capital markets funds.
Goodwill. We test goodwill for impairment annually on a reporting unit basis for those entities organized underneath the Apollo Operating Group. See Our Structure for a structure chart of those entities.
In determining the fair value for each reporting unit, we utilize a discounted cash flow methodology based on the adjusted cash flows from operations for each reporting unit. We believe this method provides the best approximation of fair value given the inability to conduct a market approach-based valuation due to the lack of public companies available that are comparable to each reporting unit. The discounted cash flow methodology requires managements judgment and assumptions which include, but are not limited to, long-term projections of future financial performance, the selection of appropriate discount rates used to present value estimated future cash flows, and perpetual growth rates for periods beyond the long-term projection period. Discount rates are determined by examining the projected cash flow of each reporting unit and selecting a market participant rate of return that matches the risk characteristics of that reporting units estimated future cash flow. Such discount rates reflect the weighted average cost of capital adjusted for the risks inherent in the estimated future cash flows for each reporting unit.
Intangible Assets. We amortize our finite-life intangible assets over their estimated lives using the straight-line method in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to intangible assets. The amortization periods assigned to finite-life intangible assets are expected to range between 2 and 20 years and are included in note 3 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. No intangible assets with indefinite-lives were identified as of June 30, 2010.
No impairments were identified in goodwill and finite-life intangible assets as of June 30, 2010 or in prior periods. We have determined that the estimated fair value of each reporting unit substantially exceeds the carrying value. However, a prolonged period of weakness in the Apollo funds performance or in our ability to earn income from management and advisory fees, and carried interest income could adversely impact our businesses and impair the value of our goodwill and/or finite-life intangible assets.
Compensation and Benefits
Compensation and benefits include salaries, bonuses, profit sharing plans and the amortization of equity-based compensation. Bonuses are accrued over the service period. From time to time, the company may distribute profits interests as a result of waived management fees to its investment professionals, which are considered compensation. Additionally, certain employees have arrangements whereby they are entitled to
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receive a percentage of carried interest income based on the funds performance. To the extent that individuals are entitled to a percentage of the carried interest income and such entitlement is subject to potential forfeiture at inception, such arrangements are accounted for as profit sharing plans, and compensation expense is recognized as the related carried interest income is recognized.
Equity-based compensation is accounted for under U.S. GAAP, whereby the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments is generally measured based on the grant date fair value of the award. Equity-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Equity-based employee awards that require future service are recognized over the relevant service period. Further, as required under U.S. GAAP, the company estimates forfeitures using industry comparables or historical trends for equity-based awards that are not expected to vest. Apollos equity-based compensation awards consist of, or provide rights with respect to Apollo Operating Group units, RSUs, AAA RDUs and ARI Restricted Stock. The companys assumptions made to determine the fair value on grant date and the estimated forfeiture rate are embodied in the calculations of compensation expense.
Our compensation expense related to our profit sharing payable is a result of agreements with our contributing partners and employees to compensate them based on the ownership interest they have in the general partners of the Apollo funds. Therefore, any movements in the fair value of the underlying investments in the funds we manage and advise affect the profit sharing payable. As of June 30, 2010, our total private equity investments were approximately $17.0 billion. The contributing partners and employees are allocated approximately 30% to 50% of the total carried interest income and changes in fair value of the underlying funds investments related to these individuals is treated as compensation expense.
Another significant part of our compensation expense is derived from amortization of the Apollo Operating Group units subject to forfeiture by our managing partners and contributing partners. The estimated fair value was determined and recognized over the forfeiture period on a straight-line basis. We have estimated a 0% and 3% forfeiture rate for our managing partners and contributing partners, respectively, based on the companys historical attrition rate for this level of staff as well as industry comparable rates. If either the managing partners or contributing partners are no longer associated with Apollo or if there is no turn over, we will revise our estimated compensation expense to the actual amount of expense based on the units vested at the balance sheet date in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
Additionally, the value of the Apollo Operating Group units have been reduced to reflect the transfer restrictions imposed on units issued to the managing partners and contributing partners as well as the lack of rights to participate in future Apollo Global Management, LLC equity offerings. These awards have the following characteristics:
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Awards granted to the managing partners (i) are not permitted to be sold to any parties outside of the Apollo Global Management, LLC control group and transfer restrictions lapse pro rata during the forfeiture period over 60 or 72 months, and (ii) allow the managing partners to initiate a change in control. |
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Awards granted to the contributing partners (i) are not permitted to be sold or transferred to any parties except to the Apollo Global Management, LLC control group and (ii) the transfer restriction period lapses over six years (which is longer than the forfeiture period which lapses ratably over 60 months). |
As noted above, the Apollo Operating Group units issued to the managing partners and contributing partners have different restrictions which affect the liquidity of and the discounts applied to each grant.
We utilized the Finnerty Model to calculate a discount on the Apollo Operating Group units granted to the contributing partners. The Finnerty Model provides for a valuation discount reflecting the holding period restriction embedded in a restricted stock preventing its sale over a certain period of time. Along with the Finnerty Model we applied adjustments to account for the existence of liquidity clauses specific to contributing
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partner units and a minority interest consideration as compared to units sold through the Strategic Investor transaction. The combination of these adjustments yielded a fair value estimate of the Apollo Operating Group units granted to the contributing partners.
The Finnerty Model proposes to estimate a discount for lack of marketability such as transfer restrictions by using an option pricing theory. This model has gained recognition through its ability to address the magnitude of the discount by considering the volatility of a companys stock price and the length of restriction. The concept underpinning the Finnerty Model is that restricted stock cannot be sold over a certain period of time. Further simplified, a restricted share of equity in a company can be viewed as having forfeited a put on the average price of the marketable equity over the restriction period (also known as an Asian Put Option). If we price an Asian Put Option and compare this value to that of the assumed fully marketable underlying stock, we can effectively estimate the marketability discount.
The assumptions utilized in the model were (i) length of holding period, (ii) volatility, (iii) dividend yield and (iv) risk free rate. Our assumptions were as follows:
(i) | We assumed a maximum two year holding period. |
(ii) | We concluded based on industry peers, that our volatility annualized would be approximately 40%. |
(iii) | We assumed no dividends. |
(iv) | We assumed a 4.88% risk free rate based on U.S. Treasuries with a two year maturity. |
For the contributing partners grants, the Finnerty Model calculation, as detailed above, yielded a marketability discount of 25%. This marketability discount, along with adjustments to account for the existence of liquidity clauses and consideration of non-controlling interests as compared to units sold through the Strategic Investor transaction, resulted in an overall discount for these grants of 29%.
We determined a 14% discount for the grants to the managing partners based on the equity value per share of $24. We determined that the value of the grants to the managing partners was supported by the recent sale of an identical security to the CS Investor at $24 per share. Based on an equity value per share of $24, the implied discount for the grants to the managing partners was 14%. The contributing partners yielded a larger overall discount of 29%, as they are unable to cause a change in control of Apollo. This results in a lower fair value estimate, as their units have fewer beneficial features than those of the managing partners.
Income Taxes
Apollo has historically operated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and primarily corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As a result, income has not been subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by these entities represent obligations of the individual partners and members and have not been reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Income taxes presented on the consolidated and combined statements of operations are attributable to the New York City unincorporated business tax and income taxes on certain entities located in non-U.S. jurisdictions.
Following the Reorganization, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries continue to operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. Federal income purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases continue to be subject to New York City unincorporated business tax, or in the case of non-U.S. entities, to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, APO Corp. is subject to Federal, state and local corporate income taxes at the entity level and these taxes are reflected in the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis using currently enacted tax rates. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the
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period when the change is enacted. Deferred tax assets are reduced by a valuation allowance when it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.
The company follows U.S. GAAP applicable to fair value measurements, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
Level IQuoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The type of investments included in Level I include listed equities and listed derivatives. As required by U.S. GAAP, the company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where the company holds a large position and a sale could reasonably impact the quoted price.
Level IIPricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs.
Level IIIPricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and includes situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Investments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partnership interests in corporate private equity and real estate funds, mezzanine funds, funds of hedge funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and collateralized debt obligations where the fair value is based on observable inputs as well as unobservable inputs.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investments level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The companys assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment, and considers factors specific to the investment where the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.
The following table summarizes the valuation of Apollos investments in fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level III | ||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
(in thousands) | ||||||
Investment in AAA Investments |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||
Investment in the Metals Trading Fund |
| 40,034 | ||||
Total |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | ||
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The changes in investments of AAA Investments measured at fair value that the company has characterized as Level III investments are:
For the
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,437,947 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | ||||||
Purchases |
286 | 343 | 4,121 | |||||||||
Proceeds |
(16,991 | ) | (16,991 | ) | (5,497 | ) | ||||||
Change in unrealized (losses) gains |
(9,961 | ) | 102,990 | 471,873 | ||||||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||
The following table summarizes the changes in the investment in the Metals Trading Fund, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 38,804 | $ | 40,034 | $ | | |||||
Purchases |
| | 40,000 | ||||||||
Proceeds |
(37,760 | ) (1) | (37,760 | ) (1) | | ||||||
Change in unrealized (losses) gains |
(1,044 | ) | (2,274 | ) | 34 | ||||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | | $ | | $ | 40,034 | |||||
(1) | Refer to note 1 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for a discussion regarding consolidation of the Metals Trading Fund. |
The above changes in unrealized gains (losses) have been recorded within the caption Net gains (losses) from investment activities on the condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and the consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009.
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The following table summarizes a look through of the companys Level III investments by valuation methodology of the underlying investments held by AAA Investments:
Private Equity | ||||||||||||||
June 30, | December 31, | |||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
% of
Investment of AAA |
% of
Investment of AAA |
|||||||||||||
(in thousands) | (in thousands) | |||||||||||||
Approximate values based on net asset value of the underlying funds, which are based on the funds underlying investments that are valued using the following: |
||||||||||||||
Comparable company and industry multiples |
$ | 586,349 | 36.8 | % | $ | 527,105 | 33.2 | % | ||||||
Discounted cash flow models |
545,912 | 34.3 | 480,100 | 30.2 | ||||||||||
Broker quotes |
399,868 | 25.1 | 440,344 | 27.8 | ||||||||||
Options models |
2,100 | 0.1 | 14,000 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
Listed quotes |
33,073 | 2.1 | 40,447 | 2.6 | ||||||||||
Other net assets (liabilities) (1) |
24,880 | 1.6 | 83,514 | 5.3 | ||||||||||
Total Investments |
1,592,182 | 100.0 | % | 1,585,510 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Other Net Assets (Liabilities) (2) |
(180,901 | ) | (260,571 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Net Assets |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||||||
(1) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of certain funds that AAA Investments has invested in. Other assets and liabilities at the fund level primarily includes cash and cash equivalents, broker receivables and payables and amounts due to and from affiliates. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities, and accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
(2) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of AAA Investments, and are primarily comprised of $537.5 million and $650.0 million in long-term debt, offset by cash and cash equivalents at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities (except for debt), and accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
The following table summarizes the valuation of Apollos consolidated VIEs in fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level III investments include corporate loan and corporate bond investments held by the consolidated VIEs, while the Level III liabilities consist of notes and loans, the valuations for which are discussed further in note 2 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. Level II liabilities include derivative investments that are valued using broker quotes.
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The following table summarizes the changes in investments of consolidated VIEs, which are measured at fair value and characterized as Level III investments:
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,121,723 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 1,102,114 | ||||||
Purchases |
313,485 | 371,240 | ||||||
Sales of investments |
(24,128 | ) | (82,972 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on investments |
819 | 186 | ||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) on investments |
(36,478 | ) | (15,147 | ) | ||||
Elimination of equity investment attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,374,367 | $ | 1,374,367 | ||||
The following table summarizes the changes in liabilities of consolidated VIEs, which are measured at fair value and characterized as Level III liabilities:
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
(in thousands) | ||||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 702,298 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 706,027 | ||||||
Borrowings |
320,154 | 320,154 | ||||||
Repayment |
(3,794 | ) | (17,239 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on debt |
(681 | ) | (1,679 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized (gains) losses on debt |
(10,375 | ) | 339 | |||||
Elimination of equity investments attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,006,548 | $ | 1,006,548 | ||||
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Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Our predominant exposure to market risk is related to our role as investment manager for our funds and the sensitivity to movements in the fair value of their investments and resulting impact on carried interest income and management fee revenues. Our direct investments in the funds also expose us to market risk whereby movements in the fair values of the underlying investments will increase or decrease both net gains (losses) from investment activities and income (loss) from equity method investments. For a discussion of the impact of market risk factors on our financial instruments refer to Critical Accounting PoliciesConsolidationValuation of Investments.
The fair value of our financial assets and liabilities of our funds may fluctuate in response to changes in the value of investments, foreign exchange, commodities and interest rates. The net effect of these fair value changes impacts the gains and losses from investments in our consolidated and combined statements of operations. However, the majority of these fair value changes are absorbed by the Non-Controlling Interests.
Risks are analyzed across funds from the bottom up and from the top down with a particular focus on asymmetric risk. We gather and analyze data, monitor investments and markets in detail, and constantly strive to better quantify, qualify and circumscribe relevant risks.
Each segment runs its own investment and risk management process subject to our overall risk tolerance and philosophy:
|
The investment process of our private equity funds involves a detailed analysis of potential acquisitions, and asset management teams assigned to monitor the strategic development, financing and capital deployment decisions of each portfolio investment. |
|
Our capital markets funds continuously monitor a variety of markets for attractive trading opportunities, applying a number of traditional and customized risk management metrics to analyze risk related to specific assets or portfolios, as well as, fund-wide risks. |
Impact on Management Fees Our management fees are based on one of the following:
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capital commitments to an Apollo fund; |
|
capital invested in an Apollo fund; or |
|
the gross, net or adjusted asset value of an Apollo fund, as defined. |
Management fees could be impacted by changes in market risk factors and management could consider an investment permanently impaired as a result of (i) such market risk factors cause changes in invested capital or in market values to below cost, in the case of our private equity funds and certain capital markets funds, or (ii) such market risk factors cause changes in gross or net asset value, for the capital markets funds. The proportion of our management fees that are based on NAV is dependent on the number and types of our funds in existence and the current stage of each funds life cycle.
Impact on Advisory and Transaction Fees We earn transaction fees relating to the negotiation of private equity and capital markets transactions and may obtain reimbursement for certain out-of-pocket expenses incurred. Subsequently, on a quarterly or annual basis, ongoing advisory fees, and additional transaction fees in connection with additional purchases or follow-on transactions, may be earned. Management Fee Offsets and any broken deal costs are reflected as a reduction to advisory and transaction fees from affiliates. Advisory and transaction fees will be impacted by changes in market risk factors to the extent that they limit our opportunities to engage in private equity and capital markets transactions or impair our ability to consummate such transactions. The impact of changes in market risk factors on advisory and transaction fees is not readily predicted or estimated.
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Impact on Carried Interest Income We earn carried interest income from our funds as a result of such funds achieving specified performance criteria. Our carried interest income will be impacted by changes in market risk factors. However, several major factors will influence the degree of impact:
|
the performance criteria for each individual fund in relation to how that funds results of operations are impacted by changes in market risk factors; |
|
whether such performance criteria are annual or over the life of the fund; |
|
to the extent applicable, the previous performance of each fund in relation to its performance criteria; and |
|
whether each funds carried interest income is subject to contingent repayment. |
As a result, the impact of changes in market risk factors on carried interest income will vary widely from fund to fund. The impact is heavily dependent on the prior and future performance of each fund, and therefore is not readily predicted or estimated.
Market Risk We are directly and indirectly affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk generally represents the risk that values of assets and liabilities or revenues and expenses will be adversely affected by changes in market conditions. Market risk is inherent in each of our investments and activities, including equity investments, loans, short-term borrowings, long-term debt, hedging instruments, credit default swaps, and derivatives. Just a few of the market conditions that may shift from time to time, thereby exposing us to market risk, include fluctuations in interest and currency exchange rates, equity prices, changes in the implied volatility of interest rates and price deterioration. For example, subsequent to the second quarter of 2007, the debt capital markets around the world began to experience significant dislocation, severely limiting the availability of new credit to facilitate new traditional buyouts. Volatility in the debt and equity markets can impact our pace of capital deployment, the timing of receipt of transaction fee revenues, and the timing of realizations. These market conditions could have an impact on the value of investments and our rates of return. Accordingly, depending on the instruments or activities impacted, market risks can have wide ranging, complex adverse affects on our results from operations and our overall financial condition. We monitor our market risk using certain strategies and methodologies which management evaluates periodically for appropriateness. We intend to continue to monitor this risk going forward and continue to monitor our exposure to all market factors.
Interest Rate Risk Interest rate risk represents exposure we have to instruments whose values vary with the change in interest rates. These instruments include, but are not limited to, loans, borrowings and derivative instruments. We may seek to mitigate risks associated with the exposures by taking offsetting positions in derivative contracts. Hedging instruments allow us to seek to mitigate risks by reducing the effect of movements in the level of interest rates, changes in the shape of the yield curve, as well as, changes in interest rate volatility. Hedging instruments used to mitigate these risks may include related derivatives such as options, futures and swaps.
Credit Risk Certain of our funds are subject to certain inherent risks through their investments.
Certain of our entities invest substantially all of their excess cash in open-end money market funds and money market demand accounts, which are included in cash and cash equivalents. The money market funds invest primarily in government securities and other short-term, highly liquid instruments with a low risk of loss. We continually monitor the funds performance in order to manage any risk associated with these investments.
Certain of our entities hold derivatives instruments that contain an element of risk in the event that the counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of such agreements. We minimize our risk exposure by limiting the counterparties with which we enter into contracts to banks and investment banks who meet established credit and capital guidelines. We do not expect any counterparty to default on its obligations and therefore do not expect to incur any loss due to counterparty default.
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Foreign Exchange Risk Foreign exchange risk represents exposures we have to changes in the values of current holdings and future cash flows denominated in other currencies and investments in non-U.S. companies. The types of investments exposed to this risk include investments in foreign subsidiaries, foreign currency-denominated loans, foreign currency-denominated transactions, and various foreign exchange derivative instruments whose values fluctuate with changes in currency exchange rates or foreign interest rates. Instruments used to mitigate this risk are foreign exchange options, currency swaps, futures and forwards. These instruments may be used to help insulate us against losses that may arise due to volatile movements in foreign exchange rates and/or interest rates.
Non-U.S. Operations We conduct business throughout the world and are continuing to expand into foreign markets. We currently have offices in London, Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Mumbai, Hong Kong and Singapore, and have been strategically growing our international presence. Our investments and revenues are primarily derived from our U.S. operations. With respect to our non-U.S. operations, we are subject to risk of loss from currency fluctuations, social instability, changes in governmental policies or policies of central banks, expropriation, nationalization, unfavorable political and diplomatic developments and changes in legislation relating to non-U.S. ownership. We also invest in the securities of corporations which are located in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As we continue to expand globally, we will continue to focus on minimizing these risk factors as they relate to specific non-U.S. investments.
Our assets and unrealized gains, and our related equity and net income are sensitive to changes in the valuations of our funds underlying investments and could vary materially as a result of changes in our valuation assumptions and estimates. See Critical Accounting PoliciesValuation of Investments for details related to the valuation methods that are used and the key assumptions and estimates employed by such methods. We also quantify the Level III investments that are included on our consolidated and combined statements of financial condition by valuation methodology in Fair Value Measurements. We employ a variety of valuation methods of which no single methodology is used to value our consolidated investments more than any other methodology. Furthermore, the investments that we manage but are not on our consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, and therefore impact carried interest, also employ a variety of valuation methods of which no single methodology is used more than any other. A 10% change in any single key assumption or estimate that is employed by any of the valuation methodologies that we use will not have a material impact on our financial results. As described in Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk, changes in fair value will have the following impacts before a reduction of profit sharing expense and Non-Controlling Interests in the Apollo Operating Group and on a pre-tax basis on our results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008:
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Management fees from the funds in our capital markets segment are based on the net asset value of the relevant fund, gross assets, capital commitments or invested capital, each as defined in the respective management agreements. Changes in the fair values of the investments in capital markets funds that earn management fees based on net asset value or gross assets will have a direct impact on the amount of management fees that are earned. Management fees from our capital markets funds that were dependent upon estimated fair value during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease by approximately $8.0 million and $11.3 million, respectively, after assuming that the fair values of the investments held by such funds were 10% lower during the same respective periods. |
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Management fees for our private equity funds range from 0.65% to 1.5% and are charged on either (a) a fixed percentage of committed capital over a stated investment period or (b) a fixed percentage of invested capital of unrealized portfolio investments. Changes in values of investments could indirectly affect future management fees from private equity funds by, among other things, reducing the funds access to capital or liquidity and their ability to currently pay the management fees or if such change resulted in a write-down of investments below their associated invested capital. |
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Management fees earned from AAA and its affiliates range between 1.0% and 1.25% of AAA adjusted assets, defined as invested capital plus proceeds of any borrowings of AAA Investments, plus its cumulative distributable earnings at the end of each quarterly period (taking into account actual distributions but excluding the management fees relating to the period or any non-cash equity compensation expense), net of any amount AAA pays for the repurchase of limited partner interests, as well as capital invested in Apollo funds and temporary investments and any distributable earnings attributable thereto. Management fees earned from AAA Investments during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease by approximately $1.0 million and $1.1 million, respectively, if the fair values of the investments held by AAA Investments were 10% lower during the same respective periods. |
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Carried interest income from most of our capital markets funds, which are quantified above under Results of Operations and Segment Analysis, are impacted directly by changes in the fair value of their investments. Carried interest income from most of our capital markets funds generally is earned based on achieving specified performance criteria. We anticipate that a 10% decline in the fair values of investments held by all of the capital markets funds at December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease consolidated carried interest income for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 by approximately $55.2 million and zero, respectively. A 10% decline in fair value would not impact carried interest income from our capital markets segment during the year ended December 31, 2008 as the related funds fell below their respective high water marks. Additionally, the changes to carried interest income from most of our capital markets business assume there is no loss in the fund for the relevant period. If the fund had a loss for the period, no carried interest income would be earned by us. By contrast, a 10% increase in fair value would increase consolidated carried interest income for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 by approximately $74.3 million and zero, respectively. |
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Carried interest income from private equity funds generally is earned based on achieving specified performance criteria and is impacted by changes in the fair value of their fund investments. We anticipate that a 10% decline in the fair values of investments held by all of the private equity funds at December 31, 2009 and 2008 would decrease consolidated carried interest income for the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008 by $130.8 million and $40.5 million, respectively. The effects on private equity fees and income assume that a decrease in value does not cause a permanent write-down of investments below their associated invested capital. |
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For select Apollo funds, our share of investment income as a limited partner in such funds is derived from unrealized gains or losses on investments in funds included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. For funds in which we have an interest, but are not included in our consolidated and combined financial statements, our share of investment income is limited to our accrued compensation units and direct investments in the funds, which ranges from 0.006% to 14.2%. A 10% decline in the fair value of investments at December 31, 2009 and 2008 would result in an approximately $18.9 million and $10.4 million, respectively, decrease in investment income at the consolidated level. |
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
A list of recent accounting pronouncements that are relevant to Apollo and its industry are included in note 2 to our condensed consolidated and combined financial statements, included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
In the normal course of business, we engage in off-balance sheet arrangements, including transactions in derivatives, guarantees, commitments, indemnifications and potential contingent repayment obligations. See note 15 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus, for a discussion of guarantees and contingent obligations.
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Contractual Obligations, Commitments and Contingencies
As of June 30, 2010, the companys material contractual obligations consist of lease obligations, contractual commitments as part of the ongoing operations of the funds and debt obligations. In addition, on a historical basis, the company had the contractual obligations of the consolidated funds while the capital commitments to these funds were substantially eliminated in consolidation. Fixed and determinable payments due in connection with these obligations are as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
(in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Operating lease obligations |
$ | 13,846 | $ | 23,193 | $ | 23,074 | $ | 22,623 | $ | 22,085 | $ | 51,442 | $ | 156,263 | |||||||
Other long-term obligations (1) |
9,980 | 12,485 | 6,435 | 3,632 | 2,423 | 2,423 | 37,378 | ||||||||||||||
AMH credit facility (2) |
11,929 | 21,406 | 17,887 | 15,636 | 913,873 | | 980,731 | ||||||||||||||
CIT master loan agreement |
1,097 | 2,158 | 2,111 | 20,766 | | | 26,132 | ||||||||||||||
Total Obligations as of
|
$ | 36,852 | $ | 59,242 | $ | 49,507 | $ | 62,657 | $ | 938,381 | $ | 53,865 | $ | 1,200,504 | |||||||
(1) | Includes (i) payments on management service agreements related to certain assets and (ii) payments with respect to certain consulting agreements entered into by Apollo Investment Consulting, LLC. Note that a significant portion of these costs are reimbursable by funds or portfolio companies. |
(2) | The AMH credit facility matures in April 2014. Amounts represent estimated interest payments until the loan matures using an estimated weighted average annual interest rate of 2.07%, which includes the effects of the interest rate swap described in note 7 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. |
Note: | Due to the fact that the timing of certain amounts to be paid cannot be determined or for other reasons discussed below, the following contractual commitments have not been presented in the table above. |
(i) | Amounts do not include the senior secured revolving credit facility entered into by AAAs investment vehicle, of which $537.5 million was utilized as of June 30, 2010. The credit facility matures on May 31, 2012. AAA is consolidated by the company in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The company does not guarantee and has no legal obligation to repay amounts outstanding under the credit facility. Accordingly, the $537.5 million outstanding balance was excluded from the table above. |
(ii) | As noted previously, we have entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners which requires us to pay to our managing partners and contributing partners 85% of any tax savings received by APO Corp. from our step-up in tax basis. The tax savings achieved may not ensure that we have sufficient cash available to pay this liability and we might be required to incur additional debt to satisfy this liability. |
(iii) | Debt amounts related to the consolidated VIEs are not presented in the table above as the company is not a guarantor of these non-recourse liabilities. |
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The transaction is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2010.
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Contingent Obligations Carried interest income in both private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative carried interest recognized in income to date. If all of the existing investments and receivables from these investments were liquidated at zero values, the amounts of cumulative revenues that have been recognized by Apollo through June 30, 2010 that would be reversed approximates $615.6 million. Management views the possibility of liquidating all existing investments at zero values as remote. Carried interest is affected by changes in the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds that we manage. Valuations, on an unrealized basis, can be significantly affected by a variety of external factors such as bond yields and industry trading multiples. Movements in these items can affect valuations quarter to quarter even if the underlying business fundamentals remain stable. The table below indicates only the potential future reversal of carried interest income.
June 30, 2010 | |||
(in thousands) | |||
Fund IV |
$ | 97,500 | |
Fund V |
287,457 | ||
Fund VII |
153,646 | ||
COF I |
51,472 | ||
COF II |
25,507 | ||
$ | 615,582 | ||
Note: | EPF has not incurred or paid carried interest as of June 30, 2010, and the company has a $13.1 million liability in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. |
Additionally, at the end of the life of the funds there could be a payment due to a fund by the company if the company has received more carried interest than was ultimately earned. The current estimate of the General Partner obligation for carried interest previously distributed at June 30, 2010 is $13.1 million, as discussed in Due to Private Equity Funds in note 12 to our condensed consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus. The General Partner obligation amount, if any, will depend on final realized values of investments at the end of the life of the fund.
Certain private equity and capital markets funds are not generating carried interest income due to unrealized and realized losses in the current and prior reporting periods. In certain cases, carried interest income will not be generated until additional unrealized and realized gains occur. Any appreciation would first cover the deductions for invested capital, unreturned organizational expenses, operating expenses, management fees and priority returns based on the terms of the respective fund agreements.
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Overview
Asset management involves the management of investments on behalf of investors in exchange for a fee, and often cases include incentive income based upon the financial performance of investments. Asset managers employ a variety of investment strategies, which fall into two broad categories: traditional asset management and alternative asset management. The key differences between traditional asset managers and alternative asset managers primarily relate to investment strategies, return objectives, compensation structure and investor access to funds.
Traditional asset managers, such as mutual fund managers, engage in managing and trading investment portfolios of equity, fixed income, derivative securities and commodities. The investment objectives of these portfolios may include total return, capital appreciation, current income and/or replicating the performance of a particular index. Managers of such portfolios are compensated on a predetermined fee based on a percentage of the assets under management, generally substantially independent of performance. Performance measurement of traditional funds is typically against given benchmark market indices and peer groups over various time periods. Investors in traditional funds generally have unrestricted access to their funds either through market transactions in the case of closed-end mutual funds and exchange traded funds, or through withdrawals in the case of open-end mutual funds and separately managed accounts.
Alternative asset managers such as managers of hedge funds, private equity funds, venture capital funds, real estate funds, mezzanine funds and distressed investment funds, utilize a variety of investment strategies to achieve returns within certain stipulated risk parameters and investment criteria. These returns are evaluated on an absolute basis, rather than benchmarked in relation to an index. The compensation structure for alternative asset managers may include management fees on committed or contributed capital, transaction and advisory fees as capital is invested (typically for private equity funds) and carried interest or incentive fees tied to achieving certain absolute return hurdles. Unlike traditional asset managers, alternative asset managers may limit investors access to funds once committed or invested until the investments have been realized.
The asset management industry has experienced significant growth in worldwide assets under management in the past decade, fueled by growth in pension assets and savings globally. According to the Boston Consulting Group, as cited in their July 2009 report, Conquering the CrisisGlobal Asset Management 2009 (Copyright, The Boston Consulting Group, Inc. 2009), the total value of assets under management globally reached an estimated $48.6 trillion in 2008, an 18% decline from 2007. This sharp decline followed average growth of 12% per year from 2002 through 2007. According to the Winter 2009-10 Global Private Equity Barometer published by Coller Capital, which polled 108 private equity investors from around the world, by the end of 2010, 31% of North American investors are likely to have total commitments in excess of their target private equity allocations, with only one quarter of North American investors and one third of European investors expecting their actual percentage of total assets invested in private equity to be lower than their target by the end of 2010.
Private Equity
Private equity funds raise pools of capital from institutional investors, such as insurance companies and pension and endowment funds, as well as high net worth individuals. These funds typically seek to acquire controlling or influential ownership interests in businesses. Private equity funds typically invest in the common equity or preferred stock of private and sometimes those of public companies.
Private equity funds are typically structured as unregistered limited partnership funds with terms of typically eight to ten years, and can contain provisions to extend the life of the fund under certain circumstances. Investors in private equity funds provide a commitment to the fund that is called by the fund as investments are made and equity capital is required. Private equity fund managers typically are compensated as follows: (i) management
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fees based on the amount of invested or committed capital, (ii) transaction and advisory fees as capital is invested and portfolio companies are managed and (iii) a carried interest in the profits of the fund, which is often subject to a preferred return for investors, or hurdle.
The objective of a private equity fund is to earn attractive returns on its investment commensurate with the risk being taken. The returns come either in the form of capital gains upon realization of the funds underlying investments, or in the form of income, such as interest, dividends or fees. Private equity funds aim to realize their capital gain on an underlying business by either selling the business or selling its shares in the public markets. Since time is required to implement the value growth strategy for the business, private equity investments tend to be held for three or more years, although typical hold periods vary according to market conditions.
Private equity funds may seek to enhance returns through the use of financial leverage, which led to the term leveraged buyout, or LBO. In the course of acquiring a business, a private equity fund will utilize capital that it has raised from its investors to pay for a portion of the transaction value and will typically borrow the remaining proceeds. In leveraged buyouts, the borrowings typically constitute the majority of funds used to pay the transaction value, generally ranging from 60% to 80% of the purchase price.
Prior to the current global economic downturn, global private equity activity had increased significantly in recent years. According to Thomson Financial as of September 10, 2010, European LBO volume set a new record in 2006 at $234 billion but recorded lower volume in 2007 of $154 billion; additionally, Europe surpassed the U.S. market in buyout activity in 2008 with $52 billion in volume compared to the U.S. markets $35 billion. Both the U.S. and Europe recorded lower LBO levels in 2009 of $18 billion and $20 billion, respectively, with the U.S. on pace for higher levels in 2010 with $46 billion already completed through September 10, 2010. The same source indicates that in 2006 the Asia-Pacific region increased its LBO volume significantly to reach $20 billion, though 2007 Asia-Pacific LBO volume was down from that record high to $6 billion with 2008 volume further declining to $3 billion but had a minor recovery in 2009 of $4 billion. Conditions in the debt markets had been very favorable in 2006 through the first half of 2007; however, beginning in the second half of 2007, the markets experienced a serious contraction in the availability of debt financing for traditional LBO transactions resulting in a significant decline of such transactions in 2008 and the first half of 2009. The use of leverage increases both the potential risk and potential reward of investments, including assets purchased in LBOs. The chart below shows global LBO volume from 2000 through September 10, 2010.
Global LBO Volume ($ billions)
Source: Thomson Financial as of September 2010
Over the past two decades, from 1989 to 2009, the upper quartile of private equity funds has, in the aggregate, outperformed the S&P 500 Index by about 19.3% per year net of management fees, partnership expenses and fund managers carried interest, according to Thomson Financial. In 2005 through 2007, U.S. buyout and mezzanine inflows experienced significant growth, with more money raised in each of these three years than the cumulative funds raised in the previous three years, according to Thomson Financial (Buyouts Magazine, January 7, 2008). More recently, however, private equity and mezzanine fundraising has experienced
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a significant slowdown as institutional investors have become over-allocated to alternative investments as a result of declines in the overall values of their public portfolios, which has exceeded the decline in value of their private investments as well as a reduction in the value of cash realizations from their investments in private equity, mezzanine and real estate funds.
As displayed in the chart below, the pace of private equity fundraising had accelerated dramatically in the past few years prior to the current global economic downturn. The duration and impact of the current economic environment on private equity and mezzanine fundraising in the future is unknown.
U.S. LBO and Mezzanine Fundraising ($ billions)
Source: Thomson Financial (Various issues of Buyouts Magazine)
Record fundraising, together with historically high levels of liquidity in the debt capital markets, was a key driver of large private equity transactions. The scope of transaction size and complexity has also grown, often requiring several private equity firms to form a consortium to acquire a specific target. The above source reports that in 2007 alone, there were six completed LBOs with transaction values exceeding $20 billion. According to Thomson Financial as of September 10, 2010, private equity transactions increasingly comprised a larger percentage of total merger and acquisition transaction dollar volume, with financial sponsor activity reaching 19.4% of U.S. volume in 2007, particularly as large public-to-private transactions had become more prevalent. However, the same source indicates a decrease in financial sponsor activity in the wake of recent credit turmoil as LBO transactions represented only 2.5% of U.S. merger and acquisition transaction dollar volume in 2009, respectively. As a result, private equity fund managers are focused on managing their existing portfolio companies and are evaluating non-control transactions such as private investments in public equity, or PIPE. According to PrivateRaises PIPE Market Blurb, there have been approximately 3,368 PIPEs since the beginning of 2008 with over $177 billion of capital invested.
Mezzanine Funds
Mezzanine funds are investment vehicles that invest primarily in mezzanine securities, typically high-yielding long-term subordinated loans or preferred stock that may include an equity component or feature, such as warrants or co-investment rights, to enhance returns for the lender. Mezzanine lending is related to the volume of financial sponsor-driven transactions. This form of financing is most frequently utilized in the buyout of middle-market and smaller public companies.
There are several factors that are commonly believed to have contributed to the expansion of mezzanine investing over the past decade. The broad-based consolidation of the U.S. financial services industry over the past two decades has significantly reduced the number of FDIC-insured financial institutions. In recent years, this is believed to have caused many senior lenders to de-emphasize their service and product offerings to middle market businesses in favor of lending to larger corporate clients and managing larger capital markets transactions. As a result, many middle-market firms have faced increased difficulty raising debt from commercial
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lenders, thus creating demand for alternative sources of financing such as mezzanine debt financing. Additionally, over the past several years, the availability of large pools of capital has increased as mutual funds, private equity funds and hedge funds have all experienced significant growth. In particular, we believe that there is a considerable amount of un-invested private equity capital that will seek mezzanine capital to support investments in middle market companies being made by the private equity capital.
Given the fragmented nature of the mezzanine market, capital providers of mezzanine financing include a broad array of companies. Early mezzanine lenders include traditional investment management firms, investment arms of major companies and insurance companies. Growth in demand for such capital has encouraged various capital providers to enter this market over the last decade, including private equity firms, hedge funds, high-yield debt investors, business development companies and investment banks with dedicated mezzanine funds.
Distressed Funds
Distressed funds typically engage in the purchase or short sale of securities of companies where the price has been, or is expected to be, affected by a distressed situation. This may involve reorganizations, bankruptcies, distressed sales or other corporate restructurings. Investment opportunities arise in the market for distressed securities because holders of previously sound instruments find themselves in possession of creditor claims of uncertain value and, therefore, under pressure to dispose of them.
Investments are made for both the short-and long-term and are both active and passive with respect to participation in restructuring and company operations. In a distressed buyout, the investor works proactively through the restructuring process to equitize its debt position and gain control of the company with the objective of achieving a large return via a turnaround. A second strategy, more common among hedge funds, is to hold a position in a distressed debt security with the expectation that improved performance will lead to a run-up in the price of the debt instrument that will result in high short-term internal rate of return.
The chart below from the Second Quarter 2010 HFR Industry Report shows that the distressed investing industry experienced increased net asset flow during the recessionary period of 2002, during which stock market valuations were relatively depressed, there was an increase in the number of corporate distressed sellers of assets who needed to raise cash and company earnings had decreased. However, in light of the current global economic downturn, which is more severe than the one experienced in 2002, the distressed investing industry experienced declines in net asset flows in both 2008 and 2009, but the trend has started to reverse in 2010.
Estimated Growth of Assets/ Net Asset Flow Distressed / Restructuring ($ billions)
Source: HFR Industry Reports © HFR, Inc., Second Quarter 2010, www.hedgefundresearch.com
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Hedge Funds
Hedge funds are privately held and unregistered investment vehicles managed with the primary aim of delivering positive risk-adjusted returns under various market conditions. Hedge funds differ from traditional asset managers such as mutual funds by the asset classes in which they invest and/or the investment strategies they employ. Asset classes in which hedge funds invest may include liquid and illiquid securities, asset-backed securities, pools of loans and bonds or other financial assets. Hedge funds also employ a variety of strategies that may include short selling, equity long-short convertible arbitrage, fixed income arbitrage, merger arbitrage, event-driven, global macro and other quantitative strategies. The strategies may employ use of leverage, hedges, swaps and other derivative instruments.
Hedge funds are typically structured as limited partnerships, limited liability companies or offshore corporations. Hedge fund managers earn a base management fee typically based on the net asset value of the fund and incentive fees based on a percentage of the funds profits. Some hedge funds set a hurdle rate under which the fund manager does not earn an incentive fee until the funds performance exceeds a benchmark rate. Another feature common to hedge funds is the high water mark under which a fund manager does not earn incentive fees until the net asset value exceeds the highest historical value on which incentive fees were last paid. Typical investors include high net worth individuals and institutions. These investors can invest and withdraw funds periodically in accordance with the terms of the funds, which may include lock-up periods on withdrawals. Hedge fund managers often commit a portion of their own capital in the funds they manage to align their interests with the investors.
According to the Second Quarter 2010 HFR Industry Report, as of June 30, 2010, there were 9,083 hedge funds in existence globally. The same report shows global assets under management in the hedge fund industry have grown by approximately 21% annually since 1990 to exceed $1.6 trillion at June 30, 2010. Net asset inflows in 2007 increased to a record high of $195 billion, but reversed course in 2008 and 2009 with net asset outflows of $154 billion and $131 billion, respectively. As of June 30, 2010, the industry has shown signs of recovering with $23 billion of inflows. The chart below shows hedge fund assets under management from 1990 through June 30, 2010.
Hedge Fund Assets Under Management ($ billions)
Source: HFR Industry Reports © HFR, Inc., Second Quarter 2010, www.hedgefundresearch.com
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Founded in 1990, Apollo is a leading global alternative asset manager. We are contrarian, value-oriented investors in private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate, with significant distressed expertise. We have a flexible mandate in the majority of the funds we manage that enables the funds to invest opportunistically across a companys capital structure. We raise, invest and manage funds on behalf of some of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds, as well as other institutional and individual investors. As of June 30, 2010, we had AUM of $54.5 billion in our private equity and capital markets businesses. Our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, held a final closing in December 2008, raising a total of $14.7 billion. We have consistently produced attractive long-term investment returns in our private equity funds, generating a 39% gross IRR and a 26% net IRR on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010. A number of our capital markets funds have also performed well since their inception through June 30, 2010.
Over our 20-year history of investing, we have grown to become one of the largest alternative asset managers in the world and attribute our historical success to the following key competitive strengths:
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our track record of generating attractive long-term risk-adjusted returns in our private equity investment funds; |
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our integrated business model which combines the strength of our businesses and the intellectual capital base of the global Apollo franchise to create a sustainable competitive advantage; |
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our expertise in distressed investing and ability to invest capital and grow AUM throughout economic cycles; |
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our deep industry knowledge and expertise with complex transactions; |
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our collaboration with our portfolio company management teams; |
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our creation of an edge in investing by combining our core industry expertise, comfort with complexity and use of strategic platforms to create proprietary investment opportunities; |
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our long-standing investor relationships that include many of the worlds most prominent alternative asset investors; |
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our strong management team, brand name and reputation; and |
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our long-term capital base. |
Apollo is led by our managing partners, Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan, who have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 418 employees, including 140 investment professionals, as of June 30, 2010. This team possesses a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. We have offices in New York, Los Angeles, London, Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. We operate our private equity, capital markets and real estate businesses in an integrated manner, which we believe distinguishes us from other alternative asset managers. Our investment professionals frequently collaborate across disciplines. We believe that this collaboration, including market insight, management, banking and consultant contacts, as well as investment opportunities, enables us to more successfully invest across a companys capital structure. This platform and the depth and experience of our investment team have enabled us to deliver strong long-term investment performance in our private equity funds throughout a range of economic cycles. For example, Apollos most successful private equity funds (in terms of net IRR), Funds I, II, MIA and Fund V, were initiated during economic downturns. Funds I, II and MIA, which generated a combined gross IRR of 47% and a combined net IRR of 37% on a compound annual basis since inception through the date of the disposition of their final investment on September 30, 2004, were initiated during the economic downturn of 1990 through 1993 and Fund V, which generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis since inception through June 30, 2010, was initiated during the economic downturn of 2001 through late 2003. We began investing our latest private equity fund, Fund VII, in January 2008 in the midst of the current economic
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downturn. Similarly, with respect to our capital markets business, our flagship Value Funds, which were launched in 2003 and 2006, have also delivered attractive returns since inception through a range of economic cycles.
Our objective is to achieve superior long-term risk-adjusted returns for our fund investors. The majority of our investment funds are designed to invest capital over periods of seven or more years from inception, thereby allowing us to generate attractive long-term returns throughout economic cycles. Our investment approach is value-oriented, focusing on nine core industries in which we have considerable knowledge, and emphasizing downside protection and the preservation of capital. We are frequently contrarian in our investment approach, which is reflected in a number of ways, including:
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our willingness to invest in industries that our competitors typically avoid; |
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the often complex structures we employ in some of our investments, including our willingness to pursue difficult corporate carve-out transactions; |
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our experience investing during periods of uncertainty or distress in the economy or financial markets when many of our competitors simply reduce their investment activity; |
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our orientation towards sole sponsored transactions when other firms have opted to partner with others; and |
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our willingness to undertake transactions that have substantial business, regulatory or legal complexity. |
We have applied this investment philosophy over our 20-year history, allowing us to identify what we believe are attractive investment opportunities, deploy capital across the balance sheet of industry leading, or franchise, businesses and create value throughout economic cycles.
During the most recent global economic crisis, which we believe began in the third quarter of 2007, we have been relying on our deep industry, credit and financial structuring experience, coupled with our strengths as value-oriented, distressed investors, to deploy a significant amount of new capital. As examples of this, from the beginning of the second quarter of 2008 through June 30, 2010, we have invested approximately $16.4 billion of capital across our private equity and capital markets funds focused on control distressed and buyout investments, leveraged loan portfolios and mezzanine, non-control distressed and non-performing loans. In addition, from the beginning of the third quarter of 2007 through June 30, 2010, the funds managed by Apollo have acquired approximately $12.7 billion in face value of distressed debt at discounts to par value and purchased approximately $27.7 billion in face value of leveraged senior loans at discounts to par value from financial institutions. Since we purchased these leveraged loan portfolios from highly motivated sellers, we were able to secure attractive long-term, low cost financing and select credits of companies well known to Apollo. The benchmark S&P/LSTA Leveraged Loan Index, which includes a group of securities we believe is similar to those owned by our funds, had a net return of approximately 3% during the six months ended June 30, 2010, and the performance of our leveraged loan investments has exceeded this benchmark during this period.
As in prior market downturns and periods of significant volatility, we have been purchasing distressed securities and continue to opportunistically build positions in high quality companies with stressed balance sheets in industries where we have expertise such as cable, chemicals, packaging and transportation. Our approach towards investing in distressed situations often requires us to purchase particular debt securities as prices are declining, since this allows us both to reduce our average cost and accumulate sizable positions which may enhance our ability to influence any restructuring plans and maximize the value of our distressed investments. As a result, our investment approach may produce negative short-term unrealized returns in certain of the funds we manage. However, we concentrate on generating attractive, long-term, risk-adjusted realized returns for our fund investors, and we therefore do not overly depend on short-term results and quarterly fluctuations in the unrealized fair value of the holdings in our funds.
In addition to deploying capital in new investments, we have been depending on our 20 years of experience to enhance value in the current investment portfolio of the funds we manage. We have been relying on our restructuring and capital markets experience to work proactively with our funds portfolio company management
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teams to generate cost and working capital savings, reduce capital expenditures, and optimize capital structures through several means such as debt exchange offers and the purchase of portfolio company debt at discounts to par value. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion in face value of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt in portfolio companies such as CEVA Logistics, Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy and Momentive Performance Materials. In certain situations, such as CEVA Logistics, funds managed by Apollo are the largest owner of the total outstanding debt of the portfolio company. In addition to the attractive return profile associated with these portfolio company debt purchases, we believe that building positions as senior creditors within the existing portfolio companies is strategic to the existing equity ownership positions. Additionally, the portfolio companies of Fund VI have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis from the date we acquired them through June 30, 2010, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability.
Since the beginning of 2007, we have experienced significant globalization and expansion of our investment management activities. We have grown our global network by opening offices in Frankfurt, Luxembourg, Singapore, Hong Kong and Mumbai. Since the beginning of 2007, we have launched a new private equity fund, a new strategic investment account investing in CMBS and a commercial real estate finance company, as well as several new capital markets funds and leveraged investment vehicles. These vehicles had a combined AUM of $34.0 billion as of June 30, 2010. In addition, in order to more fully leverage our long history of investing in the real estate sector, we continue to hire senior members of the real estate team. Similar to the growth and evolution of our real estate business, we expect to continue to grow our company by applying our value-oriented approach across related investment categories which we believe have synergies with our core business and provide attractive opportunities for us to continue to expand our equity base.
We had total AUM of $54.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, consisting of $33.5 billion in our private equity business, $18.9 billion in our capital markets business, and $2.1 billion in our real estate business. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds. We have grown our total AUM at a 33.1% compound annual growth rate, or CAGR, from December 31, 2004 to June 30, 2010. In addition, we benefit from mandates with long-term capital commitments in both our private equity and capital markets businesses. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which is an important component in generating attractive returns for our investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, and 12% of our AUM was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration, as highlighted in the chart below:
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We expect our growth in AUM to continue over time by seeking to create value in our funds existing private equity, capital markets and real estate investments, continuing to deploy our available capital in what we believe are attractive investment opportunities, and raising new funds and investment vehicles as market opportunities present themselves. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesWe may not be successful in raising new funds or in raising more capital for certain of our funds and may face pressure to modify fee arrangements of our future funds.
We have three business segments: private equity, capital markets and real estate. We also manage (i) AAA, a publicly listed permanent capital vehicle, which invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored entities, funds and other investments, and (ii) several strategic investment accounts established to facilitate investments by third-party investors directly in Apollo-sponsored funds and other transactions. The diagram below summarizes our current businesses:
(1) | All data is as of June 30, 2010. The chart does not reflect legal entities or assets managed by former affiliates. |
(2) | Includes three funds that are denominated in Euros and translated into U.S. dollars at an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010. |
Our financial results are highly variable, since carried interest (which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds we manage), and the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. We manage our business and monitor our performance with a focus on long-term performance, an approach that mirrors the investment horizons of the funds we manage and is driven by the investment returns of our funds.
Private Equity Funds
Our private equity business had total and fee-generating AUM of $33.5 billion and $27.5 billion as of June 30, 2010, respectively. Our private equity business grew total and fee-generating AUM by a 25.1% and 40.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010. From our inception in 1990 through June 30, 2010, our private equity business invested approximately $33.0 billion of capital. As of June 30, 2010, our private equity funds had $10.8 billion of uncalled capital commitments, providing us with a significant source of capital for future investment activities. Since inception through March 31, 2010, the returns of our private equity funds have performed in the top quartile for all U.S. buyout funds, as measured by Thomson Financial.
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Our private equity funds have generated a gross IRR of 39% and a net IRR of 26% on a compound annual basis from inception through June 30, 2010, as compared with a total annualized return of 6% for the S&P 500 Index over the same period. In addition, since our inception, our private equity funds (excluding Fund VII, which began investing less than 36 months prior to the valuation date) have achieved a 2.4x average multiple of invested capital. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical private equity returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current and future funds or from us.
As a result of our long history of private equity investing across market cycles, we believe we have developed a unique set of skills which we rely on to make new investments and to maximize the value of our existing investments. As an example, through our experience with traditional private equity buyouts, we apply a highly disciplined approach towards structuring and executing transactions, the key tenets of which include acquiring companies at below industry average purchase price multiples, and establishing flexible capital structures with long-term debt maturities and few, if any, financial maintenance covenants.
We believe we have a demonstrated ability to adapt quickly to changing market environments and capitalize on market dislocations through our traditional, distressed and corporate buyout approach. In prior periods of strained financial liquidity and economic recession, our private equity funds have made attractive investments by buying the debt of quality businesses (which we refer to as classic distressed debt), converting that debt to equity, seeking to create value through active participation with management and ultimately monetizing the investment. This combination of traditional and corporate buyout investing with a distressed option has been deployed through prior economic cycles and has allowed our funds to achieve attractive long-term rates of return in different economic and market environments. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesDifficult market conditions may adversely affect our businesses in many ways, including by reducing the value or hampering the performance of the investments made by our funds or reducing the ability of our funds to raise or deploy capital, each of which could materially reduce our revenue, net income and cash flow and adversely affect our financial prospects and condition. In addition, during prior economic downturns we have relied on our restructuring experience and worked closely with our funds portfolio companies to maximize the value of our funds investments. For example, during the economic downturn during 2001-2003, we successfully restructured several of the portfolio companies in Fund IV that were experiencing financial difficulties, and as a result, Fund IV was able to produce a multiple of invested capital of nearly 1.8x as of June 30, 2010. During this same time period, we relied on our credit market expertise to deploy approximately 54% of the capital from Fund V, primarily in distressed for control situations, and this fund generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% on a compound annual basis as of June 30, 2010. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for a discussion of the reasons we do not believe our future IRRs will be similar to the IRRs for Fund V.
Traditional Buyouts
Traditional buyouts have historically comprised the majority of our investments. We generally target investments in companies where an entrepreneurial management team is comfortable operating in a leveraged environment. We also pursue acquisitions where we believe a non-core business owned by a large corporation will function more effectively if structured as an independent entity managed by a focused, stand-alone management team. Our leveraged buyouts have generally been in situations that involved consolidation through merger or follow-on acquisitions; carveouts from larger organizations looking to shed non-core assets; situations requiring structured ownership to meet a sellers financial goals; or situations in which the business plan involved substantial departures from past practice to maximize the value of its assets. Some of our traditional buyout investments include Compass Minerals International in 2001, Nalco Investment Holdings and United Agri Products in 2003, Intelsat in 2004, Berry Plastics in 2006, Smart & Final in 2007 and Harrahs in 2008.
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Distressed Buyouts and Debt Investments
Over our 20 year history, approximately 47% of our private equity investments have involved distressed buyouts and debt investments. We target assets with high quality operating businesses but low-quality balance sheets, consistent with our traditional buyout strategies. The distressed securities we purchase include bank debt, public high-yield debt and privately held instruments, often with significant downside protection in the form of a senior position in the capital structure, and in certain situations we also provide DIP financing to companies in bankruptcy. Our investment professionals generate these distressed buyout and debt investment opportunities based on their many years of experience in the debt markets, and as such they are generally proprietary in nature.
We believe distressed buyouts and debt investments represent a highly attractive risk/reward profile. Our investments in debt securities have generally resulted in two outcomes. The first has been when we succeed in taking control of a company through its distressed debt. By working proactively through the restructuring process, we are able to equitize our debt position, resulting in a well-financed buyout. Once we control the company, the investment team works closely with management toward an eventual exit, typically over a three- to five-year period as with a traditional buyout. The second outcome for debt investments has been when we do not gain control of the company. This is typically driven by an increase in the price of the debt beyond what is considered an attractive acquisition valuation. The run-up in bond prices is usually a result of market interest or a strategic investors interest in the company at a higher valuation than we are willing to pay. In these cases, we typically sell our securities for cash and seek to realize a high short-term internal rate of return. Some of our distressed buyout investments in prior economic downturns include Vail Resorts in 1991, Telemundo in 1992, SpectraSite in 2003 and Cablecom in 2003. As in prior market downturns, since the onset of the current economic downturn, we have been purchasing distressed securities and continue to opportunistically build positions in high quality companies with stressed balance sheets in industries where we have expertise such as cable, chemicals, packaging and transportation.
Corporate Partner Buyouts
Corporate partner buyouts offer another way to capitalize upon investment opportunities during environments in which purchase prices for control of companies are at high multiplies of earnings, making them less attractive for traditional buyout investors. Corporate partner buyouts focus on companies in need of a financial partner in order to consummate acquisitions, expand product lines, buy back stock or pay down debt. In these investments, we do not seek control but instead make significant investments that typically allow us to demand control rights similar to those that we would require in a traditional buyout, such as control over the direction of the business and our ultimate exit. Although corporate partner buyouts historically have not represented a large portion of our overall investment activity, we do engage in them selectively when we believe circumstances make them an attractive strategy.
Corporate partner buyouts typically have lower purchase multiples and a significant amount of downside protection, when compared with traditional buyouts. Downside protection can come in the form of seniority in the capital structure, a guaranteed minimum return from a creditworthy partner, or extensive governance provisions. Importantly, Apollo has often been able to use its position as a preferred security holder in several buyouts to weather difficult times in a portfolio companys lifecycle and to create significant value in investments that otherwise would have been impaired. Some of our corporate partner buyouts include Sirius Satellite Radio in 1998, Educate in 2000, AMC Entertainment in 2001 and Oceania Cruises (now Prestige Cruise Holdings) in 2007.
Other
In addition to our traditional, distressed and corporate partner buyout activities, we also maintain the flexibility to deploy capital of our private equity funds in other types of investments such as the creation of new companies, which allows us to leverage our deep industry and distressed expertise and collaborate with experienced management teams to seek to capitalize on market opportunities that we have identified, particularly in asset-intensive industries that are in distress. In these types of situations, we have the ability to establish new
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entities that can acquire distressed assets at what we believe are attractive valuations without the burden of managing an existing portfolio of legacy assets. Similar to our corporate partner
buyout activities, other investments, such as the creation of new companies, historically have not represented a large portion of our overall investment activities, although we do make these types of investments selectively. Examples of our other
Our Recent Buyouts
The following table presents the 25 most recent buyouts made by Fund VI and Fund VII as of June 30, 2010, except as otherwise indicated.
Company |
Year of Initial
Investment |
Buyout Type |
Industry |
Region |
Invested
Capital (1) |
Sole
Financial Sponsor |
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(in millions) | ||||||||||||
LyondellBasell |
2010 |
Distressed |
Chemicals |
Western Europe | $1,594 | No | ||||||
Aleris International |
2010 |
Distressed |
Building Products |
North America | 163 | No | ||||||
Gala Coral Group |
2010 |
Distressed |
Gaming & Leisure |
Western Europe | 114 | No | ||||||
Monier |
2010 |
Distressed |
Building Products |
Western Europe | 67 | No | ||||||
Veritable Maritime |
2010 | Other | Shipping | North America | 55 | Yes | ||||||
Charter Communications |
2009 |
Distressed |
Media, Entertainment & Cable |
North America | 973 | No | ||||||
Parallel Petrolium |
2009 |
Traditional |
Oil & Gas |
North America | 252 | Yes | ||||||
Dish TV |
2009 | Other | Media, Entertainment & Cable | India | 101 | No | ||||||
Skylink |
2008 |
Traditional |
Logistics |
North America | 79 | Yes | ||||||
Hexion Specialty Chemicals |
2008 | Traditional | Chemicals | North America | 136 | No | ||||||
Harrahs Entertainment |
2008 |
Traditional |
Gaming & Leisure |
North America | 1,433 | No | ||||||
Norwegian Cruise Line |
2008 |
Corporate Partner |
Cruise |
North America | 830 | Yes | ||||||
Vantium |
2007 | Other | Business Services | North America | 406 | Yes | ||||||
Smart & Final |
2007 |
Traditional |
Food Retail |
North America | 262 | Yes | ||||||
Noranda Aluminum |
2007 |
Traditional |
Materials |
North America | 215 | Yes | ||||||
Countrywide |
2007 |
Traditional |
Real Estate Services |
Western Europe | 416 | Yes | ||||||
Claires |
2007 |
Traditional |
Specialty Retail |
North America | 498 | Yes | ||||||
Prestige Cruise Holdings (2) |
2007 |
Corporate Partner |
Cruise |
North America | 962 | Yes | ||||||
Realogy |
2007 |
Traditional |
Real Estate Services |
North America | 1,050 | Yes | ||||||
Jacuzzi Brands |
2007 |
Traditional |
Building Products |
North America | 112 | Yes | ||||||
Verso Paper |
2006 |
Traditional |
Paper Products |
North America | 261 | Yes | ||||||
Berry Plastics (3) |
2006 |
Traditional |
Packaging |
North America | 347 | Yes | ||||||
Momentive Performance Materials |
2006 |
Traditional |
Chemicals |
North America | 454 | Yes | ||||||
CEVA Logistics (4) |
2006 |
Traditional |
Logistics |
Western Europe | 423 | Yes | ||||||
Rexnord (5) |
2006 |
Traditional |
Diversified Industrial |
North America | 714 | Yes | ||||||
Total |
$11,917 |
|||||||||||
(1) | Fund VI and Fund VII investments include AAA and Palmetto co-investments, where applicable. |
(2) | In connection with its acquisition of Regent Seven Seas Cruises, Oceania Cruise Holdings, Inc. changed its name to Prestige Cruise Holdings. |
(3) | Prior to the merger with Covalence. |
(4) | Includes add-on investment in EGL, Inc. |
(5) | Includes add-on investment in Zurn. |
Building Value in Portfolio Companies
We are a hands-on investor and remain actively involved with the operations of our buyout investments for the duration of the investment. As a result of our organization around core industries, and our extensive network of executives and other industry participants, we are able to actively participate in building value for our portfolio of investments. Following an investment, the deal team that executed the transaction focuses its role on functioning as a catalyst for business-transforming events and participates in all significant decisions to develop and support management in the execution of each portfolio companys business strategy. In connection with this strategy, we have established relationships with operating executives that assist in the diligence review of new opportunities and provide strategic and operational oversight for portfolio investments.
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Exiting Investments
We realize the value of the investments that we have made on behalf of our funds typically through either an initial public offering, or
IPO, of common stock on a nationally recognized exchange or through the private sale of the companies in which we have invested. The advantage of having long-lived funds and complete investment discretion is that we are able to time our exit when we
believe we may most easily maximize value. We rigorously review the ongoing business plan for each portfolio company and determine if we believe we can continue to compound increases in equity value at acceptable rates of return. Generally, if we
believe we can, we continue to hold and manage the investment and if we do not, we seek to exit. We also monitor the debt capital markets closely, which often times provides windows of opportunity to reduce risk in an investment by recouping a large
portion of our investment through a leveraged recapitalization. We sponsored the IPOs of 12 of our portfolio companies from January 1, 2002 through the date of this prospectus, as summarized in the table below. We believe that a track record of
Private Equity Sponsored IPOs
The following table summarizes the breakdown of our private equity sponsored IPOs from January 1, 2002 through the date of this prospectus.
Company |
Fund |
Date of
Initial Investment |
IPO
Date |
|||
Noranda Aluminum |
Fund VI | May-07 | May-10 | |||
Metals USA |
Fund V | Nov-05 | Apr-10 | |||
Verso Paper |
Fund VI | Aug-06 | May-08 | |||
Goodman Global Holdings |
Fund V | Dec-04 | Apr-06 | |||
Hughes Communications |
Fund IV | Jan-06 | Feb-06 | |||
United Agri Products |
Fund V | Nov-03 | Nov-04 | |||
Educate |
Fund IV | Jul-00 | Sep-04 | |||
Compass Minerals International |
Fund V | Nov-01 | Dec-03 | |||
Nalco Investment Holdings |
Fund V | Nov-03 | Nov-04 | |||
QDI (Quality Distribution) |
Fund III | Jun-98 | Nov-03 | |||
National Financial Partners |
Fund IV | Jan-99 | Sep-03 | |||
Pacer International |
Fund IV | May-99 | Jun-02 |
Our Recent Private Equity Funds
The following charts summarize the breakdown of our funds private equity investments by type and industry from our inception through June 30, 2010.
Private Equity Investments by Type | Private Equity Investments by Industry | |
* | Includes investments in special purpose entities that invest in debt-related securities of companies included in multiple industries. |
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Among our more recent funds, Fund V, with $3.7 billion of committed capital, started investing during the economic downturn of 2001 through late 2003. This fund has generated a gross IRR of 62% and a net IRR of 45% from our first investment in April 2001 to June 30, 2010. It has already returned nearly $11.0 billion to investors through June 30, 2010. At June 30, 2010, Fund V had an estimated unrealized value of $1.7 billion and a current multiple of invested capital of 3.4x. This performance was generated during an initial period of economic distress followed by substantial economic and capital markets expansion, which we believe illustrates our ability to use our flexible investment approach to generate returns across a range of economic environments. Fund V is in the top quartile of similar vintage funds according to Thomson Financial.
With $10.1 billion of committed capital as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI has invested or committed to invest approximately $11.3 billion through June 30, 2010. Currently, the Fund VI portfolio includes 19 companies, all but five of which are transactions where we were the sole financial sponsor, nine of which were proprietary in nature (meaning deals that arise other than from winning a competitive auction process), six of which were complex corporate carveouts and all of which were in industries well known to us. The Fund VI portfolio also includes debt investment vehicles formed by our affiliates to invest in debt securities to take advantage of volatility in the credit markets.
Fund VI has generated a gross IRR of 6% and a net IRR of 6% from the first investment in July 2006 to June 30, 2010 and has already returned approximately $3.3 billion to investors. We believe these IRRs reflect the early stage nature of Fund VI, the impact of applying mark-to-market valuations to the portfolio of investments, and the impact of the current global economic downturn on the performance of our funds investments. While we cannot predict the length and severity of the current global economic downturn and the impact it will ultimately have on our funds portfolio investments, as in past recessionary periods we are relying on our restructuring and distressed investing experience to work proactively with our funds portfolio company management teams to generate cost and working capital savings, reduce capital expenditures, divest non-core business lines and optimize capital structures through several means such as debt exchange offers and the purchase of portfolio debt at discounts to par. As of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt in portfolio companies such as CEVA Logistics, Harrahs Entertainment, Realogy and Momentive Performance Materials. In certain situations, such as CEVA Logistics, funds managed by Apollo are the largest owner of the total outstanding debt of the portfolio company. In addition to the attractive return profile associated with these portfolio company debt purchases, we believe that building positions as senior creditors within the existing portfolio companies is strategic to the existing equity ownership positions from the date of acquisition through June 30, 2010. Portfolio companies of Fund VI have also implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability.
Our most recent private equity fund, Fund VII, which closed with $14.7 billion in commitments in December 2008, has been making investments since January 2008, and as of June 30, 2010, Fund VII had invested $6.3 billion, approximately 58% of which has been invested in debt investments.
Since Apollos founding in 1990, we believe our capital markets expertise has served as an integral component of our companys growth and success. Our credit-oriented capital markets operations commenced in 1990 with the management of a $3.5 billion high-yield bond and leveraged loan portfolio. Since that time, our capital markets activities have grown significantly, and leverage Apollos integrated platform and utilize the same disciplined, value-oriented investment philosophy that we employ with respect to our private equity funds. Our capital markets operations are led by James Zelter, who has served as the managing director of the capital markets business since April 2006. Our capital markets business had total and fee-generating AUM of $18.9 billion and $15.3 billion, respectively, as of June 30, 2010 and grew its total and fee-generating AUM by a 57.5% and 51.9% CAGR, respectively, from December 31, 2004 through June 30, 2010.
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Our credit-oriented capital markets funds have been established to capitalize upon our investment experience and deep industry expertise. We seek to participate in capital markets businesses where we believe our industry expertise and experience can be used to generate attractive investment returns. As depicted in the chart below, our capital markets activities span a broad range of the credit spectrum, including non-performing loans, distressed debt, mezzanine debt, senior bank loans and value-oriented fixed income.
The value-oriented fixed income segment of the capital markets spectrum is the most recent investment area for Apollo, and it is characterized by its ability to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns relative to traditional fixed income investments. An example of our value-oriented fixed income investments is Athene Asset Management. We established Athene Asset Management, which is substantially owned by a subsidiary of Apollo, to provide asset management services to Athene Life Re and other third parties. Athene Life Re is an Apollo sponsored vehicle formed to focus on opportunities in the life reinsurance sector. Athene Life Re sources, analyzes and negotiates the acquisition of fixed annuity policies from primary insurance companies. As of June 30, 2010 Athene Asset Management had approximately $1.2 billion of AUM, $0.3 billion of which was included in our real estate segment.
As of June 30, 2010, our capital markets funds included seven distressed and hedge funds with total AUM of $2.7 billion, three mezzanine funds with total AUM of $4.2 billion, four credit opportunity funds with total AUM of $9.1 billion, and a European non-performing loan fund with total AUM of $1.6 billion. Our capital markets segment also includes strategic investment accounts and Athene Asset Management.
Distressed and Hedge Funds
We currently manage seven distressed and hedge funds that invest primarily in North America, Europe and Asia. These funds had a total of $2.7 billion in AUM as of June 30, 2010. Investors can invest in several of our distressed and hedge funds as frequently as monthly. Our distressed and hedge funds utilize similar value-oriented investment philosophies as our private equity business and are focused on capitalizing on our substantial industry and credit knowledge. In addition to owning the companies that manage our distressed and hedge funds, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interests in the general partners of each of these funds.
Value Funds. We are the investment managers for our flagship distressed Value Funds, which utilize similar investment strategies. The Value Funds seek to identify and capitalize on absolute-value driven investment opportunities. VIF began investing capital in October 2003 and is currently closed to new investors. SVF began investing capital in June 2006 and is currently open to new investors. The Value Funds had a combined net asset value of approximately $870.3 million as of June 30, 2010, and had a net return of 54.2% since inception and
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4.3% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why future performance by the Value Funds might fall short of their historical performance.
The Value Funds flexible investment strategy primarily focuses on investments in distressed companies before, during, or after a restructuring, as well as undervalued securities. Investments are executed primarily through the purchase or sale of senior secured bank debt, second lien debt, high yield debt, trade claims, credit derivatives, preferred stock and equity. In addition to owning the companies that manage the Value Funds, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interests in the general partners of each of these funds. As of June 30, 2010, the Value Funds investments were primarily located in North America and comprised approximately 75% of the portfolio, with the remaining 25% of the total portfolio being investments made internationally.
The following charts break down the Value Funds portfolio by investment type and industry as of June 30, 2010:
Value Funds Portfolio by Investment Type |
Value Funds Portfolio Investments by Industry |
SOMA. SOMA is a private investment fund we formed to manage for one of our Strategic Investors and that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns through investment in distressed opportunities, primarily in North America and Europe. This funds primary mandate is a very similar investment strategy to our Value Funds and is currently managed by the same investment professionals. SOMA began investing capital in March 2007 and represents a commitment by one of our Strategic Investors of $800.0 million. The fund had a net asset value of approximately $964.8 million as of June 30, 2010, including $749.5 million in the primary mandate, which had a net return of 29.4% since inception and 7.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Asian Credit-Oriented Hedge Fund (AAOF) . AAOF is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns throughout economic cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities in the Asian markets, excluding Japan, and targeting event-driven volatility across capital structures, as well as opportunities to develop proprietary platforms. AAOF began investing capital in February 2007. We believe our experienced Asia team has unique access to private deals throughout Asia. The fund primarily invests in the securities of public and private companies in need of capital for acquisitions, refinancing, monetization of assets and distressed financings and other special situations. AAOF primarily focuses on two core strategies, event driven investments and strategic opportunity investments. We believe the investment teams local expertise is complemented by Apollos global reach across its core industry verticals. In addition to owning the company that manages AAOF, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interests in the general partner of AAOF. The funds first investment was made in February 2007. The fund had a net asset value of approximately $333.8 million as of June 30, 2010, and had a net return of 6.0% since inception and 2.9% for the six months ended June 30, 2010.
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Mezzanine Funds
As of June 30, 2010, we managed U.S. and European-based mezzanine funds and related investment vehicles with total AUM of $4.2 billion as of June 30, 2010, including: (i) AIC, a U.S.-based permanent capital vehicle, is a publicly traded, closed-end, non-diversified management investment company that has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act and to be treated for tax purposes as a regulated investment company under the Internal Revenue Code; (ii) AIE I, which is an unregistered private closed-end investment fund formed in June 2006; and (iii) AIE II, which is an unregistered private closed-end investment fund formed in April 2008, that seek to capitalize upon mezzanine and subordinated debt opportunities with a focus on Western Europe.
Apollo Investment Corporation . AICs common stock is quoted on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol AINV and is currently a component of the S&P MidCap 400 index. AIC raised over $900 million of permanent investment capital through its initial public offering on the NASDAQ in April 2004. Since that time, AIC has successfully completed several secondary offerings and raised approximately $1.9 billion of incremental permanent investment capital. Since inception in April 2004 through June 30, 2010, the annualized return on AICs net asset value was 4.4%, and as of June 30, 2010, AICs net asset value was approximately $1.8 billion. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why future AIC returns might fall short of its historical performance. AIC has the ability to incur indebtedness by issuing senior securities in amounts such that its asset coverage equals at least 200% after each such issuance.
Set forth in the chart below are the market values and yields of the AIC portfolio since inception.
AIC Portfolio Growth and Yield Since Inception
The information above is as of June 30, 2010, is presented for illustrative purposes only and is no guarantee of the future success of AIC.
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The charts below break down AICs portfolio by investment type and industry as of June 30, 2010.
AIC Portfolio by Investment Type |
AIC Portfolio Investments by Industry |
|
|
European Mezzanine Funds (AIE I and AIE II) . AIE I and AIE II are unregistered private closed-end investment funds formed in June 2006 and April 2008, respectively, that seek to more fully capitalize upon mezzanine and subordinated debt opportunities with a primary focus on Western Europe. As of June 30, 2010, AIE I and AIE II had an investment portfolio of approximately 64% in secured and unsecured subordinated loans (also referred to as mezzanine loans), senior secured loans and high-yield debt.
As of June 30, 2010, AIE I had an investment portfolio of approximately $143.5 million at market value, based on an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of such date. Due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, AIE Is investment performance was adversely impacted, and on July 10, 2009, its shareholders approved a monetization plan, the primary objective of which is to maximize shareholder recovery value by (i) opportunistically selling AIE Is assets over a three-year period from July 2009 to July 2012 (subject to a one-year extension with the consent of a majority of AIE Is shareholders) and (ii) reducing the overall costs of the fund. The reduction of costs included a management fee waiver of $12.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 and an additional $2.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2009. Furthermore, management fees from AIE I are currently based on a reduced rate of 1.5% of the net assets of AIE I. Prior to the approval of the monetization plan, management fees were based on 2% of the gross assets of AIE I. The company has no future plans to reserve for additional management fees charged to AIE I or to lower the current management fee arrangement. Subject to compliance with applicable law and maintaining adequate liquidity, available cash received from the sale of assets will be returned to shareholders on a quarterly basis once all leverage in the fund is repaid.
The investment objective of AIE II is to generate both capital appreciation and current income through debt and equity investments. Within a flexible overall investment approach, AIE II utilizes a disciplined approach that seeks to evaluate the appropriate part of the capital structure in which to invest based on the risk/reward profile of the investment opportunity. AIE II invests primarily in European mezzanine investments, with a primary focus in Western Europe. AIE II participates in both the primary and secondary credit markets based on the relative attractiveness of each at any given time.
As of June 30, 2010, AIE II had an investment portfolio of approximately $302.6 million at market value based on an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of such date, and had a net return of 44.9% since inception and 13.5% for the six months ended June 30, 2010. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why AIE IIs returns might decrease from its historical performance and the historical performances of our other funds. The net return since inception for AIE II is based on the net cumulative change in net assets from the inception of the fund through June 30, 2010 as a percentage of aggregate capital contributions and is not a geometric return. AIE IIs net returns are net of all fees and expenses and exclude performance allocations, if any, to the general partner. The charts below break down the portfolio of AIE II by investment type and industry as of June 30, 2010.
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AIE II Portfolio by Investment Type |
AIE II Portfolio Investments by Industry |
|
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Senior Credit Funds
We manage senior credit funds, which currently comprise four credit opportunity funds, with total AUM of $9.1 billion as of June 30, 2010. We established our credit opportunity funds, which are primarily oriented towards the acquisition of leveraged loans and other performing senior debt, in late 2007 and 2008 in order to capitalize upon the supply-demand imbalances in the leveraged finance market. We have been actively investing these funds since they were formed and, together with our private equity funds, as of June 30, 2010, we have deployed approximately $24.5 billion, including leverage, in credit opportunity investments. We believe our credit opportunity funds benefit from the broad range of investment opportunities that arise as a result of our deep industry and credit expertise. As the opportunity set continues to evolve, we expect we will continue to offer the credit opportunity fund series to capitalize primarily upon senior credit opportunities in the market.
COF I. COF I began investing in April 2008 and, as of June 30, 2010, had aggregate capital commitments of approximately $1.5 billion, primarily from one of our Strategic Investors. COF I principally invests, through privately negotiated transactions, in senior secured debt instruments, including bank loans and bonds, as well as opportunistically investing in a variety of other public and private debt instruments such as DIP financings, rescue or bridge financings, and other debt instruments. COF I may use leverage to finance portfolio investments, including as incurred by the funds subsidiaries or special-purpose vehicles, and may enter into credit facilities or other debt transactions to leverage its investments.
Our capital commitment to COF I is equal to 2.0% of the aggregate capital commitments of COF Is limited partners (without regard to any co-investment commitments). COF I is closed to additional investors. As of June 30, 2010, COF I had a net asset value of approximately $1.4 billion.
COF II. COF II began investing in June 2008 and has aggregate capital commitments of approximately $1.6 billion as of the date hereof. COF II principally invests, through privately negotiated transactions, in senior secured debt instruments, including bank loans and bonds, as well as opportunistically investing in a variety of other public and private debt instruments such as debtor-in-possession (DIP) financings, rescue or bridge financings, and other debt instruments. COF II may use leverage to finance portfolio investments, including as incurred by the funds subsidiaries or special-purpose vehicles, and may enter into credit facilities or other debt transactions to leverage its investments.
Our capital commitment to COF II is equal to 1.5% of the aggregate capital commitments of COF IIs limited partners (without regard to any co-investment commitments). COF II is closed to additional investors. As of June 30, 2010, COF II had a net asset value of $1.7 billion.
ACLF. ACLF began investing capital in October 2007 and held its final closing on November 13, 2007 with initial aggregate capital commitments of $681.6 million. ACLF invests principally in senior secured bank debt
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and debt related securities in the United States and Western Europe. Additionally, up to 20% of ACLFs capital commitments may be invested in other types of debt and debt related securities, including non-senior bank debt, publicly traded debt securities, bridge financings and the equity tranche of any collateralized debt obligation fund sponsored by Apollo or others. Investments may be effected using a wide variety of investment types and transaction structures, including the use of derivatives or other credit instruments, such as credit default swaps, total return swaps and any other credit securities or other credit instruments.
Our capital commitment to ACLF is equal to 2.4% of the aggregate capital commitments of ACLFs limited partners (without regard to any co-investment commitments). ACLF is closed to additional investors. As part of the initial closing of ACLF, Apollo closed on a co-investment vehicle that has the capacity to invest alongside ACLF on a pre-determined proportionate basis in senior debt investments, which we refer to as ACLF Co-Invest. As of June 30, 2010, ACLF had net assets of $674.7 million and was primarily invested in debt-related securities and various derivative instruments.
Artus. Artus closed on October 19, 2007 with aggregate capital commitments of $106.6 million, including a commitment from one of our Strategic Investors. In November 2007, Artus purchased certain collateralized loan obligations. The collateralized loan obligations are secured by a diversified pool of approximately $0.8 billion in aggregate principal amount of United States dollar denominated commercial loans and cash as of June 30, 2010. As a result of the global credit crisis, the pace of ratings downgrades, defaults and mark-to-market volatility increased dramatically throughout 2008 and the first quarter of 2009, putting pressure on the expected performance of loan portfolios in general. The portfolio in Artus is well diversified, and contains over 95% first lien bank loans.
Non-Performing Loan Fund
European Non-Performing Loan Fund (EPF) . EPF is an investment vehicle launched in May 2007 to invest principally in NPLs. NPLs are loans held by financial institutions that are in default of principal or interest payments for 90 days or more. We estimate that the current size of the European NPL market is more than 500 billion, and we anticipate substantial growth in this market as financial institutions face increasing pressure to improve their balance sheets and make new loans. EPF seeks to capitalize on the inefficiencies of financial institutions in managing and restructuring their NPLs. We believe the EPF teams global experience and local network of relationships complements Apollos background in distressed and private equity investing. Currently, EPF has portfolio investments in the United Kingdom, Spain and Portugal.
In December 2009, EPF closed with 1.3 billion ($1.6 billion using an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of June 30, 2010) in total commitments. EPF is structured with many characteristics typically associated with private equity funds, including multi-year capital commitments from the funds investors. The fund had a net asset value of approximately $823.8 million as of June 30, 2010 based on an exchange rate of 1.00 to $1.22 as of such date. In addition to owning the company that manages EPF, the Apollo Operating Group holds the general partner interest in the general partner of EPF.
In addition to the funds described above, we manage other investment vehicles, including AAA and Palmetto, which have been established to invest either directly in or alongside our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage.
AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA)
AAA issued approximately $1.9 billion of equity capital in its initial offering in June 2006. AAA is designed to give investors in its common units exposure as a limited partner to certain of the strategies that we employ and allows us to manage the asset allocations to those strategies by investing alongside our private equity funds and directly in our capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. The
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common units of AAA, which represent limited partner interests, are listed on Euronext Amsterdam. AAA is the sole limited partner in AAA Investments, the vehicle through which AAAs investments are made, and the Apollo Operating Group holds the economic general partnership interests in AAA Investments. On June 1, 2007, AAA Investments entered into a credit facility that originally provided for a $900 million revolving line of credit, thus increasing the amount of cash that AAA Investments has available for making investments, and funding its liquidity and working capital needs. In connection with AAAs ongoing liquidity management and deleveraging strategy, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. In October 2009, AAA Investments repaid $225.0 million to the lenders in return for the right for AAA Investments or one of its affiliates to purchase its debt in the future at a discount to par value, subject to certain conditions. In December 2009, February 2010 and June 2010, AAA purchased $25.0 million, $37.5 million and $75.0 million, respectively, of its own debt for a purchase price of 85% of par value. As a result of these purchases, the revolving credit facility was permanently reduced to $537.5 million as of June 30, 2010. On August 11, 2010, AAA purchased 6,777,308 of its common units from holders participating in a tender offer announced on July 12, 2010 for an aggregate of $47.4 million.
Since its formation, AAA has allowed us to quickly target investment opportunities by capitalizing new investment vehicles formed by Apollo in advance of a lengthier third-party fundraising process. AAA Investments was the initial investor in one of our mezzanine funds, two of our distressed and hedge funds, and our non-performing loan fund. AAA Investments current portfolio also includes private equity co-investments in Fund VI and Fund VII portfolio companies, certain opportunistic investments and temporary cash investments. AAA Investments may also invest in additional funds and other opportunistic investments identified by Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., the investment manager of AAA.
AAA Investments generates management fees for us through the Apollo funds in which it invests. In addition, AAA Investments generates management fees and incentive income on the portion of its assets that are not invested directly in Apollo funds or temporary investments. AAA Investments pays management fees to Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P., its investment manager, which is 100% owned by the Apollo Operating Group, and pays incentive income to AAA Associates, L.P.
AAA Investments entered into co-investment agreements which allow it to co-invest alongside Fund VI and Fund VII. Under the co-investment agreement with Fund VI, AAA Investments initially agreed to co-invest with Fund VI in each of its investments in an amount equal to 12.5% of the total amount invested by Fund VI, subject to certain exceptions pursuant to which AAA Investments may be excluded from, or may opt out of, an investment. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreement with Fund VI was amended to provide that no new co-investments will be made, and only follow-on investments which are expected to protect AAA Investments interests in its existing portfolio companies will be made going forward. Under its co-investment agreement with Fund VII, AAA Investments has a variable co-investment commitment ranging from 0% to 12.5% of investments committed to by Fund VII during each calendar year, subject to certain exceptions pursuant to which AAA Investments may be excluded from, or may opt out of, an investment. The Fund VII co-investment percentage is set at the beginning of each calendar year by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreement with Fund VII was amended to provide that where a follow-on investment is made with Fund VII for reasons other than to protect AAA Investments interest in an existing portfolio company, it will be made at the co-investment percentage that has been set by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner for the relevant year (or, if lower, at the percentage necessary to ensure that AAA Investments and Fund VII continue to hold the relevant portfolio company in the same proportions as it is then owned by each of them). AAA Investments committed to co-invest in an amount equal to 0% of new investments committed to by Fund VII during the 2010 and 2009 calendar years and 5% during the 2008 calendar year.
As of June 30, 2010, AAA Investments had utilized $537.5 million of its line of credit for certain investments and had a cash balance of approximately $363 million. The amount of loans that may be borrowed under the AAA Investments credit facility cannot exceed the borrowing base, which is calculated based on the
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value of investments held by AAA Investments, including temporary investments, multiplied by advance rates ranging from 100% for cash equivalents to 35% for unquoted private equity investments. As a result, a decline in the value of investments held by AAA Investments could result in a borrowing base deficiency, and such deficiency may, if not cured in accordance with the terms of the credit facility, limit AAA Investments ability to borrow under its credit facility and eventually result in an event of default under such facility. AAA may incur additional indebtedness from time to time, subject to availability in the credit markets, among other things.
Due to market volatility and the tightening of the credit markets, particularly during the fourth quarter of 2008 and first quarter of 2009, AAA Investments took certain steps to manage its borrowing base under its credit agreement and maintain an appropriate level of liquidity:
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Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008 and continuing into the third quarter of 2009, AAA Investments exercised the right to opt-out of new co-investments alongside Fund VI and Fund VII and their parallel investment vehicles, as permitted by its co-investment agreements described above. Opt-out decisions are each made on a case-by-case basis taking into consideration reserves and liquidity at the time of the potential co-investment transaction. Beginning in the third quarter of 2009, AAA resumed making co-investments alongside the private equity funds. In the fourth quarter of 2009, the co-investment agreements with Fund VI and Fund VII were amended. The co-investment agreement with Fund VI was amended to provide that no new co-investments will be made and only follow-on investments which are expected to protect AAA Investments interests in its existing portfolio companies will be made going forward. The co-investment agreement with Fund VII was amended to provide that where a follow-on investment is made with Fund VII for reasons other than to protect AAA Investments interest in an existing portfolio company, it will be made at the co-investment percentage that has been set by the board of directors of AAAs managing general partner for the relevant year (or, if lower, at the percentage necessary to ensure that AAA Investments and Fund VII continue to hold the relevant portfolio company in the same proportions as it is then owned by each of them). The board of directors of AAAs managing general partner continues to set the Fund VII co-investment percentage for new co-investments at the beginning of each calendar year. |
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During 2008, AAA Investments requested the redemption of a portion of its outstanding shares of SVF with a value of $475.0 million, subject to certain terms and conditions. Of the $475.0 million redeemable in 2008, $200.0 million was redeemed in 2008. The remaining $275.0 million redemption, which represented the remainder of AAA Investments investment in SVF, was converted into liquidating shares issued by SVF. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of SVFs existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred by SVF. During the year ended December 31, 2009, AAA Investments received redemptions of $163.4 million from SVF. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, AAA Investments received redemptions of $20.3 million from SVF. |
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During 2009, AAA Investments requested redemptions of portions of its outstanding shares of AAOF with values of $140.0 million, which were converted into liquidating shares issued by AAOF. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of AAOFs existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred or reserves set by AAOF. During the year ended December 31, 2009, AAA Investments received redemptions of $49.3 million from AAOF. During six months ended June 30, 2010, AAA Investments received redemptions of $45.1 million from AAOF. At June 30, 2010, the remainder of the liquidating shares of AAOF had a fair value of $55.1 million. |
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The following chart shows the breakdown of AAA Investments $1.6 billion in investments as of June 30, 2010.
AAA Investments
As is common with investments in private equity funds, AAA Investments may follow an over-commitment approach when making investments in order to maximize the amount of capital that is invested at any given time. When an over-commitment approach is followed, the aggregate amount of capital committed by AAA Investments to, or to co-investment programs with, private equity funds and capital markets funds at a given time may exceed the aggregate amount of cash and available credit lines that AAA Investments has available for immediate investment. We cannot assure you that any of such commitments will be funded. As of June 30, 2010, AAA Investments was not overcommitted.
We are contractually committed to reinvest a certain amount of our carried interest income from AAA into common units or other equity interests of AAA, as described in more detail below under General Partner and Professionals Investments and Co-InvestmentsGeneral Partner Investments.
Strategic Investment Accounts
Institutional investors are expressing increasing levels of interest in SIAs since these accounts can provide investors with greater levels of transparency, liquidity and control over their investments as compared to more traditional investment funds. Based on the trends we are currently witnessing among a select group of large institutional investors, we expect our AUM that is managed through SIAs to continue to grow over time. As of June 30, 2010, over $7.0 billion of our total AUM and $4.7 billion of our fee-generating AUM was managed through SIAs.
One example of an SIA managed by Apollo is Palmetto, which we manage on behalf of a single investor. As of June 30, 2010, the capital commitments to Palmetto were $759.0 million, which included a capital commitment of $750.0 million from one institutional investor that is a large state pension fund and $9.0 million of current commitments from Apollo. Palmetto was established to facilitate investments by such third-party investor directly in our private equity and capital markets funds and certain other transactions that we sponsor and manage. As of June 30, 2010, Palmetto had committed approximately $399.7 million for investments primarily in our European nonperforming loan fund, our private equity funds and SVF.
We have assembled a dedicated team to pursue real estate investment opportunities, which we refer to as AGRE and which we believe benefits from Apollos long-standing history of investing in real estate-related
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sectors such as hotels and lodging, leisure, and logistics. AGRE, which includes ten investment professionals as of June 30, 2010, is led by Joseph Azrack, who joined Apollo in 2008 with 30 years of real estate investment management experience, serving most recently as President and CEO of Citi Property Investors.
We believe our dedicated real estate platform benefits from, and contributes to, Apollos integrated platform, and further expands Apollos deep real estate industry knowledge and relationships. As of June 30, 2010, our real estate business had total and fee-generating AUM of $2.1 billion and $0.4 billion, respectively.
In addition to the funds described below, we may seek to serve as the manager of, or sponsor, a series of real estate funds that focus on other opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions, including corporate real estate, distress for control situations and the acquisition and recapitalization of real estate portfolios, platforms and operating companies, including non-performing and deeply discounted loans.
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions.
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc.
In 2009, we launched ARI, a commercial real estate finance company managed by Apollo that has been formed primarily to originate, invest in, acquire, and manage senior performing commercial real estate mortgage loans, CMBS, commercial real estate corporate debt and loans and other real estate-related investments in the United States. On September 29, 2009, ARI completed the initial public offering of 10 million shares of its common stock, at a price to the public of $20.00 per share, for gross proceeds of $200 million, and a concurrent private placement of 500,000 shares of its common stock to Apollo and certain of its affiliates at a price per share equal to the initial public offering price. The proceeds to ARI from the initial public offering and the concurrent private placement, net of related issuance costs, were approximately $0.2 billion. In addition, ARI intends to elect to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2009. To maintain its status as a REIT, ARI must distribute at least 90% of its taxable income to its shareholders and meet, on a continuing basis, certain other complex requirements under the Internal Revenue Code. As of June 30, 2010, ARI had total and fee-generating AUM of $0.5 billion and $0.2 billion, respectively.
During September 2010, ARI completed an offering of 6.9 million shares, which generated gross proceeds of approximately $110.4 million. The proceeds will be used for general corporate purposes, including the repayment of debt and continued investment in target assets, with a focus on performing commercial first mortgage loans, commercial mortgage-backed securities, mezzanine financings and other real estate-related debt investments.
AGRE CMBS Fund L.P.
In December 2009, we launched the AGRE CMBS Account, a real estate strategic investment account formed to invest principally in CMBS and leverage those investments by borrowing from the Federal Reserve Bank of New Yorks TALF. As of June 30, 2010, the AGRE CMBS Account had total and fee-generating AUM of $1.6 billion and $0.3 billion, respectively.
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Over our 20-year history, we have grown to be one of the largest alternative asset managers in the world, which we attribute to the following competitive strengths:
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Our Investment Process and Approach to Investing Have Delivered a Strong Track Record. In aggregate, our private equity funds have generated a 39% gross IRR and a 26% net IRR from inception through June 30, 2010. Our track record of generating attractive long-term risk-adjusted private equity fund returns is a key differentiating factor for our fund investors and, we believe, will allow us to continue to expand our AUM and capitalize new investment vehicles. See Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of OperationsThe Historical Investment Performance of Our Funds for reasons why our historical returns are not indicative of the future results you should expect from our current or future funds or from us. Some of the elements that have enabled us to generate these attractive returns include: |
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Our flexibility to invest throughout market cycles and across the capital structureWe have consistently invested capital on behalf of our investors throughout economic cycles by focusing on opportunities that we believe are often overlooked by other investors. We believe that our expertise in capital markets, focus on core industry sectors and investment experience allows us to respond quickly to changing environments. We believe our ability to invest capital through market cycles will allow us to grow our AUM consistently and generate attractive investment opportunities in various market environments. |
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We pay close attention to the cycles that our core industry sectors are experiencing and are opportunistic in entering and exiting investments when the risk/reward profile is in our favor. Our private equity funds have had success investing in buyouts and credit opportunities during both expansionary and recessionary economic periods. During the recovery and expansionary periods of 1994 through 2000 and late 2003 through the first half of 2007, our private equity funds invested or committed to invest approximately $13.7 billion primarily in traditional and corporate partner buyouts. In the recessionary periods of 1990 through 1993, 2001 through late 2003 and the current recessionary period, our private equity funds invested approximately $19.3 billion through June 30, 2010, $14.4 billion of which was in distressed buyouts and debt investments when the debt securities of quality companies traded at deep discounts to par value. We believe distressed buyouts represent a highly attractive risk/reward profile and allow our funds to invest at below-market multiples when historically our peer private equity firms have largely been inactive. Our capital markets funds follow the same disciplined approach to investing throughout economic cycles. |
Since the onset of the current global economic downturn, we have been drawing on our credit expertise and long history of investing across market cycles to deploy our investors capital in ways which we believe will allow our funds to achieve attractive long-term rates of return. Between September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2009, Apollos private equity and capital markets funds have invested a combined $30.1 billion in debt securities with a face value of $41.4 billion. The $30.1 billion invested includes $22.0 billion of capital from the funds managed by Apollo and $8.1 billion of additional leverage.
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The table below summarizes our view of how our private equity business differed from that of a typical private equity firm during the U.S. economic cycles since our inception in 1990 and our view of certain market conditions during these cycles.
Recession
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Recovery
1994-1997 |
Expansion
1998-2000 |
Recession
2001-2003 3Q |
Recovery
2003 4Q-2005 |
Expansion
2006-2007 2Q |
Recession
2007 3Q-current |
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Liquidity |
Low | High | High | Low | High | High | Low | |||||||
Valuation |
Low | Low-Medium | High | Low | Medium | Medium-High | Low | |||||||
Typical private
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Inactive | Active |
Inactive or
paid high prices |
Inactive |
Active and paid
high prices |
Active and
paid high prices |
Inactive | |||||||
Apollo |
Focus on distressed buyout option |
Traditional
buyouts |
Seeks to
reduce acquisition price through complex buyouts and corporate partnerships |
Focus on
distressed buyout option |
Traditional
buyouts using industry expertise to reduce acquisition price |
Seeks to
reduce acquisition price through complex buyouts and corporate partnerships |
Focus on
distressed investments and strategic acquisitions |
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Apollos traditional and
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$490 | $1,297 | $3,107 | $596 | $2,393 | $5,845 | $3,817 (2) | |||||||
Apollos distressed buyouts and debt investments (1) |
$2,907 | $113 |
$50
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$1,025 | $846 | $3 |
$10,501
(2)
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Note: | Characterization of economic cycles is based on our managements views. |
(1) | Dollars in millions. Amounts set forth above represent capital invested by our private equity business. |
(2) | Amounts are through June 30, 2010. |
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Our deep industry expertise and focus on complex transactionsWe have substantial expertise in nine core industry sectors and our funds have invested in over 300 companies since inception. Our core industry sectors are chemicals; commodities; consumer and retail; distribution and transportation; financial and business services; manufacturing and industrial; media and leisure; packaging and materials; and satellite and wireless. Our deep experience in these industry sectors has allowed us to develop an extensive network of strategic relationships with CEOs, CFOs and board members of current and former portfolio companies, as well as consultants, investment bankers and other industry-focused intermediaries. We believe that situational and structural complexity often hides compelling value that competitors may lack the inclination or ability to uncover. For example, carveouts of divisions of larger corporations are complex transactions that often provide compelling investment opportunities. We believe that we are known in the market for having substantial corporate carveout experience, having consummated 15 buy-side carveouts since 2000, and that our industry expertise and comfort with complexity help drive our performance. |
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The table below lists and briefly describes the background of all proprietary carve-out deals our funds have completed since 2000.
Proprietary Corporate Carve-outs |
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Company | Seller |
Date of Initial
Investment |
Date of
Final Exit |
Multiple
of
Invested Capital (1) |
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Prestige Cruise Holdings (Regent Seven Seas) | Carlson | January 2008 | NA | 0.8x | ||||
Noranda Aluminum |
Xstrata plc | May 2007 | NA | 2.7x | ||||
Momentive Performance Materials |
General Electric | December 2006 | NA | 1.3x | ||||
CEVA Logistics |
TNT Group | November 2006 | NA | 1.1x | ||||
Verso Paper |
International Paper | August 2006 | NA | 1.1x | ||||
Berry Plastics Corporation (formerly Covalence) | Tyco | February 2006 | NA | 1.5x | ||||
Hughes Communications |
DirecTV Group | February 2006 | NA | 3.1x | ||||
United Agri Products |
ConAgra Foods | November 2003 | November 2006 | 7.7x | ||||
Compass Minerals |
IMC Global | November 2001 | November 2004 | 5.0x | ||||
Hexion Specialty Chemicals |
Shell, Eastman, Rutgers, KKR | November 2000 | NA | 2.1x | ||||
Educate |
Sylvan | July 2000 | NA | 3.2x |
(1) | Multiple of invested capital is calculated from total value (realized proceeds plus any unrealized fair value as of June 30, 2010) divided by original investment amount. |
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Our investment expertise creates proprietary investment opportunitiesWe believe our industry expertise allows us to create strategic platforms and approach new investments as a strategic buyer with synergies, cross-selling opportunities and economies of scale advantages over other purely financial sponsors. Examples include the creation of Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., a chemical company that had over $6 billion in revenues during 2008, and Berry Plastics, a plastic packaging company that had over $3 billion in revenues during 2008, both of which were built through multiple acquisitions in our core industry verticals. Additionally, our expertise in complex corporate carveouts allows us to source investment opportunities in a private-to-private negotiation, oftentimes exclusively, which facilitates deployment of capital at attractive valuations. Examples include the purchase of United Agri Products from ConAgra Foods (where we realized 7.7x invested capital) and the purchase of Compass Minerals from IMC Global (where we realized 5.0x invested capital). Since our inception through June 30, 2010, we believe over 76% of the private equity buyouts completed by our funds have been proprietary in nature. We have also avoided the market trend of consortium transactions (defined as including more than one main financial sponsor), with Fund VI and Fund VII being the sole financial sponsor in 13 of their last 15 traditional private equity portfolio company buyouts. |
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We believe that our proprietary investment opportunities provide the ability to consistently invest capital and generate market leading returns for our funds. We believe these competitive advantages often result in our funds buyouts being effected at a lower multiple of adjusted EBITDA than many of our peers. For example, for the buyouts completed by our funds in 2006 and 2007 with values over $500 million, the average purchase price multiple was 7.6x of adjusted EBITDA. The average purchase price multiple of all financial sponsor transactions, as tracked by Thomson Financial, was 11.8x for deals with values over $500 million in 2006 and 2007. In addition, Apollo created these companies at a net Debt to EBITDA ratio of 5.7x and an average equity contribution of approximately 20%. |
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Our collaboration with portfolio company management teamsWe possess two decades of experience working with management teams to help create significant long-term value for the portfolio companies of our funds. We believe we add value to our funds investments by working closely with the portfolio company management teams. Among other things, in partnership with our management teams, we identify and execute growth opportunities including strategic mergers |
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and acquisitions, generate cost and working capital savings, divest non-core business lines, optimize capital structures and create synergies among our network of current and former portfolio companies. For example, as of June 30, 2010, Fund VI and its underlying portfolio companies purchased or retired approximately $18.5 billion of debt and captured approximately $9.2 billion of discount to par value of debt. In addition, from the date of acquisition through June 30, 2010, Fund VI portfolio companies have implemented approximately $2.7 billion of cost savings programs on an aggregate basis, which we believe will positively impact their operating profitability. |
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Our Integrated Business Model. Generally, we operate our global franchise as an integrated investment platform with a free flow of information across our businesses. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesPossession of material non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers. Our investment professionals interact frequently across our businesses on a formal and informal basis. For example, in the course of reviewing a large buyout opportunity, a partner from our private equity business might discover an opportunity to invest in an attractive non-control debt investment and convey the opportunity to one of our capital markets partners. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesPossession of material, non-public information could prevent Apollo funds from undertaking advantageous transactions; our internal controls could fail; we could determine to establish information barriers. In addition, members of the private equity investment committee currently serve on the investment committees of each of our capital markets funds. |
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Our Strong, Longstanding Investor Relationships. We manage capital for hundreds of investors in our private equity funds, which include many of the worlds most prominent pension funds, university endowments, financial institutions and individuals. Most of our private equity investors are invested in multiple Apollo private equity funds, and many have invested in one or more of our capital markets funds, including as seed investors in new strategies. We believe that our deep investor relationships, founded on our consistent performance, disciplined and prudent management of our fund investors capital and our frequently contrarian investment approach, have facilitated the growth of our existing businesses and will assist us with the launch of new businesses and investment offerings, thereby increasing our fee-generating AUM. |
Investor Base of Apollo Private Equity
Represents Investor Base of Funds III, IV, V, VI and VII. Data as of June 30, 2010.
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Long-Term Capital Base. A significant portion of our $54.5 billion of AUM as of June 30, 2010 was long term in nature. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 91% of our AUM was in funds with a contractual life at inception of seven years or more, including 12% that was in permanent capital vehicles with unlimited duration, as highlighted in the chart below. Our long-lived capital base allows us to invest assets with a long-term focus, which we believe is an important component in generating attractive returns for our funds investors. We believe our long-term capital also leaves us well-positioned during economic downturns, when the fundraising environment for alternative assets has historically been more challenging than during periods of economic expansion. |
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The Continuity of Our Strong Management Team and Reputation. Our managing partners actively participate in the oversight of the investment activities of our funds, have worked together for more than 20 years and lead a team of 140 investment professionals as of June 30, 2010 who possess a broad range of transaction, financial, managerial and investment skills. Our investment team includes our contributing partners, who, together with our managing partners, have worked together for an average of 16 years, as well as exclusive relationships with operating executives who are former CEOs with significant experience in our core industries. We have developed a strong reputation in the market as an investor and partner who can make significant contributions to a business or investing decision, and we believe the longevity of our management team is a key competitive advantage. |
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Alignment of Interests with Investors in Our Funds and Shareholders. Fundamental to our business model is the alignment of interests of our professionals with those of the investors in our funds and with those of our shareholders. From our inception through June 30, 2010, our professionals have committed or invested an estimated $1.0 billion of their own capital to our funds (including Fund VII). In addition, our practice is to allocate a portion of the management fees and incentive income payable by our funds to our professionals, which we believe serves to incentivize those employees to generate superior risk-adjusted investment returns. Also, the majority of our employees own RSUs which vest over time, and our managing partners and contributing partners will own % of the company immediately after the offering. We expect to continue to increase the equity ownership of our employees over time through additional grants of RSUs in lieu of cash compensation. We believe that the alignment of interests with our shareholders and fund investors helps us to raise new funds, execute our growth strategy and deliver earnings to our shareholders. |
Our growth and investment returns have been supported by an institutionalized and strategic organizational structure designed to promote teamwork, industry specialization, longevity of capital, compliance and regulatory excellence and internal systems and processes. Our ability to grow our AUM and revenues depends on our performance and on our ability to attract new capital and fund investors, which we have done successfully over the last 20 years.
The following are key elements of our growth strategy.
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Continuing to Achieve Long-Term Returns in Our Funds . Continued achievement of superior long-term returns will support growth in AUM. We believe our experienced investment team, value-oriented investment strategy and flexible investment approach will continue to drive superior returns. We will emphasize creating long-term value for our shareholders with less focus on our quarter-to-quarter or year-to-year earnings volatility. |
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Continuing Our Commitment to Our Fund Investors . We intend to continue managing our businesses with a strong focus on developing and maintaining long-term relationships with our fund investors. Our fund investors include many of the worlds most prominent pension and endowment funds as well as other institutional and individual investors. Most of our private equity investors are invested in multiple Apollo private equity funds, and many invested in one or more of our capital markets funds. We believe that our strong investor relationships facilitate the growth of our existing businesses and the successful launch of new businesses. |
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Raising Additional Investment Capital for Our Current Businesses . We will continue to utilize our firms reputation and track record to seek to grow our AUM. Our funds capital raising activities benefit from our 20-year investment track record, the reputation of our firm and investment professionals, our access to public markets through entities such as AIC and AAA and our strong relationships with our investors. |
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Expanding Into New Investment Strategies, Markets and Businesses . We intend to grow our businesses through the targeted development of new investment strategies such as real estate that we |
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believe are complementary to our existing businesses. In addition, we expect to continue expanding into new businesses, possibly through strategic acquisitions of other investment management companies or other strategic initiatives. |
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Capitalize Upon the Benefits of Being a Public Company, including the Pursuit of Complementary and Strategic Acquisitions. We believe that being a public company will help us grow our AUM and revenues. We believe that fund investors will increasingly prefer to trust their capital to publicly traded asset managers because of the corporate-governance and disclosure requirements that apply to such managers, as well as the more efficient succession-planning and reduced key man risk that we believe result from becoming a public company, as we become more institutionalized. As a public company we expect to become less dependent on a small number of individuals and better able to attract senior talent with the backing of public investors and with the ability to provide senior talent with more liquid equity incentive income. We also believe that we can utilize our currency as a public company to broaden our industry verticals and capital markets products and expand into new product offerings and strategies. |
Our revenues and other income consist principally of (i) management fees, which are based upon a percentage of the committed or invested capital (in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds), adjusted assets (in the case of AAA), gross invested capital or fund net asset value (in the case of the rest of our capital markets funds) and stockholders equity (in the case of ARI); (ii) transaction and advisory fees received from private equity and certain capital markets portfolio companies in respect of business and transaction consulting services that we provide, as well as advisory services provided to a capital markets fund; (iii) income based on the performance of our funds, which consists of allocations, distributions or fees from our private equity funds, AAA and our capital markets funds; and (iv) investment income from our investments as general partner and other direct investments primarily in the form of net gains from investment activities as well as interest and dividend income. Carried interest from our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds entitles us to an allocation of a portion of the income and gains from that fund and is as much as 20% of the net realized income and gains that are achieved by the funds net of fund expenses, generally subject to an annual preferred return for the limited partners of 8% with a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. The general partner of each of the funds accrues for its portion of carried interest at each quarter-end balance sheet date for any changes in value of the funds underlying investments. For example, if one of our private equity funds were to exceed the preferred return threshold and generate $100 million of profits net of allocable fees and expenses from a given investment, our carried interest would entitle us to receive as much as $20 million of these net profits less appropriate compensation expense for our investment professionals.
Carried interest from most of our capital markets funds is as much as 20% of either the funds income and gain or the yearly appreciation of the funds net asset value. For such capital markets funds, we accrue carried interest on both realized and unrealized gains, subject to any applicable hurdles and high-water marks. Certain of our capital markets funds are subject to a preferred return. Our ability to generate carried interest is an important element of our business and has historically accounted for a very significant portion of our income. For the six months ended June 30, 2010, management fees, transaction and advisory fees, and carried interest income represented 69.3%, 12.5% and 18.2%, respectively, of our $303 million of revenues.
Management further evaluates our segments based on our management and incentive business within each segment. We believe this information provides enhanced transparency with respect to our financial performance. Our management business is generally characterized by the predictability of its financial metrics, including revenues and expenses. This business includes management fee revenues, advisory and transaction revenues, carried interest income from certain of our mezzanine funds, and expenses exclusive of profit sharing, which we believe are more stable in nature. The financial performance of our incentive business, which is dependent upon quarterly mark-to-market unrealized valuations in accordance with U.S. GAAP guidance applicable to fair value
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measurements, includes carried interest income and profit sharing expense in connection with our investment funds, and is generally less predictable and more volatile in nature.
For more information regarding the financial performance of our segments, refer to Prospectus SummarySummary Historical and Other Data which includes our statement of operations information and our supplemental performance measure, ENI, for our reportable segments and the management business and incentive business, as well as further reconciliation of ENI to Adjusted ENI to identify non-recurring or unusual items for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Fundraising and Investor Relations
We believe our performance track record across our funds has resulted in strong relationships with our fund investors. Our fund investors include many of the worlds most prominent pension funds, university endowments and financial institutions, as well as individuals. We maintain an internal team dedicated to investor relations across our private equity, credit-oriented capital markets and real estate businesses.
In our private equity business, fundraising activities for new funds begin once the investor capital commitments for the current fund are largely invested or committed to be invested. The investor base of our private equity funds includes both investors from prior funds and new investors. In many instances, investors in our private equity funds have increased their commitments to subsequent funds as our private equity funds have increased in size. During our Fund VI fundraising effort, investors representing over 88% of Fund Vs capital committed to the new fund. During our Fund VII fundraising effort, investors representing over 84% of Fund VIs capital committed to Fund VII. The single largest unaffiliated investor represents only 6% of Fund VIs commitments and 7% of Fund VIIs commitments. In addition, our investment professionals commit their own capital to each private equity fund.
During the management of a fund, we maintain an active dialogue with our fund investors. We host quarterly webcasts for our fund investors led by members of our senior management team and we provide quarterly reports to our fund investors detailing recent performance by investment. We also organize an annual meeting for our private equity investors that consists of detailed presentations by the senior management teams of many of our current investments. From time to time, we also hold meetings for the advisory board members of our private equity funds.
AAA is an important component of our business strategy, as it has allowed us to quickly target attractive investment opportunities by capitalizing new investment vehicles formed by Apollo in advance of a lengthier third-party fundraising process. In particular, we have used AAA capital to make initial investments in AIE I, SVF, AAOF and EPF. The common units of AAA are listed on Euronext Amsterdam by NYSE Euronext and AAA complies with the reporting requirements of that exchange. AAA provides monthly information and quarterly reports to, and hosts quarterly conference calls with, our AAA investors. See Strategic Investment VehiclesAP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA) for information regarding AAAs liquidity condition.
In our capital markets business, we have raised capital from prominent institutional investors, similar to our private equity and real estate businesses, and have also raised capital from public market investors, as in the case of AIC. AIC provides quarterly reports to, and hosts conference calls with, investors that highlight investment activities. AIC is listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market and complies with the reporting requirements of that market.
Similar to our private equity and capital markets businesses, in our real estate business we have raised capital from a prominent institutional investor for the AGRE CMBS Account, and we have also raised capital from public market investors with respect to ARI. ARI provides quarterly reports to, and hosts conference calls with, investors that highlight investment activities. ARI is listed on the NYSE and complies with the reporting requirements of that market.
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We maintain a rigorous investment process and a comprehensive due diligence approach across all of our funds. We have developed policies and procedures, the adequacy of which are reviewed annually, that govern the investment practices of our funds. Moreover, each fund is subject to certain investment criteria set forth in its governing documents that generally contain requirements and limitations for investments, such as limitations relating to the amount that will be invested in any one company and the geographic regions in which the fund will invest. Our investment professionals are thoroughly familiar with our investment policies and procedures and the investment criteria applicable to the funds that they manage, and these limitations have generally not impacted our ability to invest our funds.
Our investment professionals interact frequently across our businesses on a formal and informal basis. In addition, members of the private equity investment committee currently serve on the investment committees of each of our capital markets funds. We believe this structure is uncommon and provides us with a competitive advantage.
We have in place certain procedures to allocate investment opportunities among our funds. These procedures are meant to ensure that each fund is treated fairly and that transactions are allocated in a way that is equitable, fair and in the best interests of each fund, subject to the terms of the governing agreements of such funds. Each of our funds has primary investment mandates, which are carefully considered in the allocation process.
Private Equity
Private Equity Funds . Our private equity investment professionals are responsible for selecting, evaluating, structuring, diligencing, negotiating, executing, monitoring and exiting investments for our traditional private equity funds, as well as pursuing operational improvements in our funds portfolio companies. These investment professionals perform significant research into each prospective investment, including a review of the companys financial statements, comparisons with other public and private companies and relevant industry data. The due diligence effort will also typically include:
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on-site visits; |
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interviews with management, employees, customers and vendors of the potential portfolio company; |
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research relating to the companys management, industry, markets, products and services, and competitors; and |
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background checks. |
After an initial selection, evaluation and diligence process, the relevant team of investment professionals will prepare a detailed analysis of the investment opportunity for our private equity investment committee. Our private equity investment committee generally meets weekly to review the investment activity and performance of our private equity funds.
After discussing the proposed transaction with the deal team, the investment committee will decide whether to give its preliminary approval to the deal team to continue the selection, evaluation, diligence and negotiation process. The investment committee will typically conduct several lengthy meetings to consider a particular investment before finally approving that investment and its terms. Both at such meetings and in other discussions with the deal team, our managing partners and partners will provide guidance to the deal team on strategy, process and other pertinent considerations. Every private equity investment requires the approval of our three managing partners.
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Our private equity investment professionals are responsible for monitoring an investment once it is made and for making recommendations with respect to exiting an investment. Disposition decisions made on behalf of our private equity funds are subject to careful review and approval by the private equity investment committee, including all three of our managing partners.
AAA . Investment decisions on behalf of AAA are subject to investment policies and procedures that have been adopted by the board of directors of the managing general partner of AAA. Those policies and procedures provide that all AAA investments (except for temporary investments) must be reviewed and approved by the AAA investment committee. In addition, they provide that over time AAA will invest approximately 90% or more of its capital in Apollo funds and Apollo sponsored private equity transactions and, subject to market conditions, target approximately 50% or more in private equity transactions. Pending those uses, AAA capital is invested in temporary liquid investments. AAAs investments do not need to be exited within fixed periods of time or in any specified manner. AAA is, however, generally required to exit any co-investments it makes with an Apollo fund at the same time and on the same terms as the Apollo fund in question exits its investment. The AAA investment policies and procedures provide that the AAA investment committee should review the policies and procedures on a regular basis and, if necessary, propose changes to the board of directors of the managing general partner of AAA when the committee believes that those changes would further assist AAA in achieving its objective of building a strong investment base and creating long-term value for its unitholders.
Capital Markets and Real Estate
Each of our capital markets funds and real estate funds maintains an investment process similar to that described above under Private Equity. Our capital markets and real estate investment professionals are responsible for selecting, evaluating, structuring, diligencing, negotiating, executing, monitoring and exiting investments for our capital markets funds and real estate funds, respectively. The investment professionals perform significant research into and due diligence of each prospective investment, and prepare analyses of recommended investments for the investment committee of the relevant fund.
Investment decisions are carefully scrutinized by the investment committees, who review potential transactions, provide input regarding the scope of due diligence and approve recommended investments and dispositions. Close attention is given to how well a proposed investment is aligned with the distinct investment objectives of the fund in question, which in many cases have specific geographic or other focuses. At least one of our managing partners approves every significant capital markets and real estate fund investment decision. The investment committee of each of our capital markets funds and real estate funds generally is provided with a summary of the investment activity and performance of the relevant funds on at least a monthly basis.
Independent Valuation Firms
We are responsible for determining the fair value of our private equity fund portfolio investments on a quarterly basis in good faith, subject to the approval of the advisory board for the relevant private equity fund. We have retained independent valuation firms to provide third-party valuation consulting services to the company which consist of certain limited procedures that the company identifies and requests them to perform. Upon completion of the limited procedures, the independent valuation firms generally assess whether the fair value of those investments subjected to the limited procedures do not appear to be unreasonable. The limited procedures do not involve an audit, review, compilation or any other form of examination or attestation under generally accepted auditing standards. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, an investment for which a market quotation is readily available will be valued using a market price for the investment as of the end of the applicable reporting period and an investment for which a market quotation is not readily available will be valued at the investments fair value as of the end of the applicable reporting period as determined in good faith. While there is no single standard for determining fair value in good faith, the methodologies described below will generally be followed when fair value pricing is applied.
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Valuation of Our Private Equity Funds
We calculate the aggregate realized value of a private equity funds portfolio company investments based on the historical amount of the net cash and marketable securities actually distributed to fund investors from all of the funds investments made from the date of the funds formation through the valuation date. Such amounts do not give effect to the allocation of any realized returns to the funds general partner pursuant to carried interest or the payment of any applicable management fees to the funds investment advisor. Where the value of an investment is only partially realized, we classify the actual cash and other consideration distributed to fund investors as realized value, and we classify the balance of the value of the investment as unrealized and valued using the methodology described below.
We calculate the aggregate estimated unrealized value of a private equity fund by adding the individual estimated unrealized values of the funds portfolio companies. We determine individual investment valuations using market prices where a market quotation is available for the investment or fair value pricing where a market quotation is not available for the investment. For debt securities, if no sales occurred as of year-end and there is no closing price (i.e. the date of determination), we value the securities at the bid price at the close of business on such day. Since December 31, 2008, we have valued the securities based on the average of the bid and ask (the mid) price. Fair value pricing represents an investments fair value as determined by us in good faith. Market value represents a valuation of an investment derived from the last available closing sales price as of the valuation date. Market values that we derive from market quotations do not take into account various factors which may affect the value that may ultimately be realized in the future, such as the possible illiquidity associated with a large ownership position or a control premium.
There is no single standard for determining fair value in good faith and, in many cases, fair value is best expressed as a range of fair values from which a single estimate may be derived. We determine the fair values of investments for which market quotations are not readily available based on the enterprise values at which we believe the portfolio companies could be sold in orderly dispositions over a reasonable period of time between willing parties other than in a forced or liquidation sale. The portfolio companies are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. The market approach uses comparable public company multiples such as the ratio of terminal enterprise value to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, and the ratio of terminal enterprise value to revenue, as well as other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. These estimated unrealized values may not be realized for the amount provided.
Valuation of Our Capital Markets Funds
Capital Markets Funds other than AIC. For our capital markets funds other than AIC, we generally value securities that are listed on a recognized exchange or a computerized quotation system and that are freely transferable at their last sales price on the relevant exchange based on the last sale recorded on such exchange as of the valuation date. When a security is not traded on an active market exchange, we seek market pricing data from at least two brokers, collateral agents or market makers. In cases where there is only a single broker quoting a specific security, we seek to corroborate any quote received by attempting to obtain quotes on similar securities from independent pricing services. In most cases, the average of mid prices will be used; however, if no ask price is obtained, the bid price will be used in valuing the investment. Since the end of 2008, all capital markets funds, except AAOF, are pricing their securities based on the mid broker price. For most private illiquid investments, we seek an opinion from a third-party valuation firm that will either determine the appropriate value or provide a supporting opinion to our internally modeled valuation. We value all other assets of the fund at fair value in accordance with the valuation policies of the funds. We may change the foregoing valuation methods if we determine in good faith that such change is advisable to better reflect market conditions or activities. Due to the
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inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the value of investments by certain of our capital markets funds may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
AIC. Under procedures established by its board of directors, AICs investments, including certain subordinated debt, senior secured debt and other debt securities with maturities greater than 60 days, for which market quotations are readily available, are valued at such market quotations (unless they are deemed not to represent fair value). AIC also utilizes independent third-party valuation firms to assist in determining fair value if and when such market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value. Investments purchased within 60 days of maturity are valued at cost plus accreted discount, or minus amortized premium, which approximates fair value. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market quotations are not readily available are valued at fair value as determined in good faith by or under the direction of AICs board of directors. Such determination of fair values may involve subjective judgments and estimates. With respect to investments for which market quotations are not readily available or when such market quotations are deemed not to represent fair value, AICs board of directors has approved a multi-step quarterly valuation process. AICs quarterly valuation process begins with each portfolio company or investment being initially valued by the investment professionals of AICs investment advisor that are responsible for the portfolio investment. Preliminary valuation conclusions are then documented and discussed with senior management of AICs investment advisor. Independent valuation firms engaged by AICs board of directors conduct independent appraisals and review the investment advisors preliminary valuations and make their own independent assessment. The audit committee of AICs board of directors then reviews and discusses the preliminary valuation of the investment adviser and that of the independent valuation firms. Finally, the board of directors discusses valuations and determines the fair value of each investment in AICs portfolio in good faith based on the input of AICs investment advisor, the respective independent valuation firm and the audit committee.
AICs investments are valued utilizing a market approach, an income approach, or both approaches, as appropriate. The market approach uses prices and other relevant information generated by market transactions involving identical or comparable assets or liabilities (including a business). The income approach uses valuation techniques to convert future amounts (for example, cash flows or earnings) to a single present amount (discounted). The measurement is based on the value indicated by current market expectations about those future amounts. In following these approaches, the types of factors that AIC may take into account in fair value pricing its investments include, as relevant: available current market data, including relevant and applicable market trading and transaction comparables, applicable market yields and multiples, security covenants, call protection provisions, information rights, the nature and realizable value of any collateral, the portfolio companys ability to make payments, its earnings and discounted cash flows, the markets in which the portfolio company does business, comparisons of financial ratios of peer companies that are public, M&A comparables, the principal market and enterprise values, among other factors. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the fair value of AICs investments may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
Valuation of Our Real Estate Funds
For our real estate funds, we seek market pricing data from at least two brokers, collateral agents or market makers and corroborate any quote received by attempting to obtain quotes from independent pricing services. All real estate funds price their securities based on the mid broker price. We value all other assets of the fund at fair value in accordance with the valuation policies of the funds. We may change the foregoing valuation methods if we determine in good faith that such change is advisable to better reflect market conditions or activities. Due to the inherent uncertainty of determining the fair value of investments that do not have a readily available market value, the value of investments by certain of our real estate funds may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a readily available market value existed for such investments, and the differences could be material.
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Fees, Carried Interest, Redemption and Termination
Our revenues from the management of our funds consist primarily of:
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management/monitoring fees, which are based on committed or invested capital (in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds), gross invested capital or fund net asset value (in the case of most of our capital markets funds) and gross asset value of structured portfolio vehicle instruments, which includes the leverage used by such structured portfolio vehicles; |
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carried interest based on the performance of our funds; and |
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transaction and advisory fees relating to the investments our private equity and certain capital markets funds make. |
In addition, we earn management fees based on the adjusted assets (as defined below) of AAA and are entitled to a carried interest based on the realized gains on each co-investment made by AAA pursuant to a committed co-investment facility and other opportunistic investments. We also earn incentive income from the underlying investments of AAA in our capital markets funds, calculated per the terms of the applicable funds. In addition, with respect to Artus we earn an investment advisory fee based on the sum of the average principal amount of the underlying collateralized loan obligations.
We also receive investment income from the direct investment of capital in our funds in our capacity as general partner, which is described below under General Partner and Professionals Investments and Co-InvestmentsGeneral Partner Investments. Please see Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations for a more detailed description of our revenues.
Overview of Fund Operations
Investors in our private equity funds make commitments to provide capital at the outset of a fund and deliver capital when called by us as investment opportunities become available. We determine the amount of initial capital commitments for any given private equity fund by taking into account current market opportunities and conditions, as well as investor expectations. The general partners capital commitment is determined through negotiation with the funds investor base. The commitments are generally available for six years during what we call the investment period. We have typically invested the capital committed to our funds over a three to four year period. Generally, as each investment is realized, our private equity funds first return the capital and expenses related to that investment and any previously realized investments to fund investors and then distribute any profits. These profits are typically shared 80% to the investors in our private equity funds and 20% to us so long as the investors receive at least an 8% compounded annual return on their investment, which we refer to as a preferred return or hurdle. Our private equity funds typically terminate ten years after the final closing, subject to the potential for two one-year extensions. After the amendments we sought in order to deconsolidate most of our funds, dissolution of those funds can be accelerated upon a majority vote of investors not affiliated with us and, in any case, all of our funds also may be terminated upon the occurrence of certain other events, as described below under Redemption and Termination. Ownership interests in our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, are not, however, subject to redemption prior to termination of the funds.
The processes by which our capital markets funds receive and invest capital vary by type of fund. AIC, for instance, raises capital by selling shares in the public markets and it can also issue debt. Our distressed and hedge funds sell shares or limited partner interests, subscriptions for which are payable in full upon a funds acceptance of an investors subscription, via private placements. The investors in SOMA, EPF and AIE II made a commitment to provide capital at the formation of such funds and deliver capital when called by us as investment opportunities become available. COF I and COF II invest in a wide variety of public and private debt and debt-related securities and the limited partners subscribe for interests in each of the funds by making commitments through subscription agreements. Limited partners of COF I and COF II respond to capital calls as they arise. As with our private equity funds, the amount of initial capital commitments for our capital markets funds is determined by taking into account
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current market opportunities and conditions, as well as investor expectations. The general partner commitments for our capital markets funds that are structured as limited partnerships are determined through negotiation with the funds investor base. The fees and incentive income we earn for management of our capital markets funds and the performance of these funds and the terms of such funds governing withdrawal of capital and fund termination vary across our capital markets funds and are described in detail below.
We conduct the management of our private equity and capital markets funds primarily through a partnership structure, in which limited partnerships organized by us accept commitments and/or funds for investment from investors. Funds are generally organized as limited partnerships with respect to private equity funds and other U.S. domiciled vehicles and limited partnership and limited liability (and other similar) companies with respect to non-U.S. domiciled vehicles. Typically, each fund has an investment advisor affiliated with an advisor registered under the Advisers Act. Responsibility for the day-to-day operations of the funds is typically delegated to the funds respective investment advisors pursuant to an investment advisory (or similar) agreement. Generally, the material terms of our investment advisory agreements relate to the scope of services to be rendered by the investment advisor to the applicable funds, certain rights of termination in respect of our investment advisory agreements and, generally, with respect to our capital markets funds (as these matters are covered in the limited partnership agreements of the private equity funds), the calculation of management fees to be borne by investors in such funds, as well as the calculation of the manner and extent to which other fees received by the investment advisor from fund portfolio companies serve to offset or reduce the management fees payable by investors in our funds. The funds themselves do not register as investment companies under the Investment Company Act, in reliance on Section 3(c)(7) or Section 7(d) thereof or, typically in the case of funds formed prior to 1997, Section 3(c)(1) thereof. Section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act excepts from its registration requirements funds privately placed in the United States whose securities are owned exclusively by persons who, at the time of acquisition of such securities, are qualified purchasers or knowledgeable employees for purposes of the Investment Company Act. Section 3(c)(1) of the Investment Company Act excepts from its registration requirements privately placed funds whose securities are beneficially owned by not more than 100 persons. In addition, under current interpretations of the SEC, Section 7(d) of the Investment Company Act exempts from registration any non-U.S. fund all of whose outstanding securities are beneficially owned either by non-U.S. residents or by U.S. residents that are qualified purchasers.
In addition to having an investment advisor, each fund that is a limited partnership, or partnership fund, also has a general partner that makes all policy and investment decisions relating to the conduct of the funds business. The general partner is responsible for all decisions concerning the making, monitoring and disposing of investments, but such responsibilities are typically delegated to the funds investment advisor pursuant to an investment advisory (or similar) agreement. The limited partners of the partnership funds take no part in the conduct or control of the business of the funds, have no right or authority to act for or bind the funds and have no influence over the voting or disposition of the securities or other assets held by the funds. These decisions are made by the funds general partner in its sole discretion, subject to the investment limitations set forth in the agreements governing each fund. The limited partners often have the right to remove the general partner or investment advisor for cause or cause an early dissolution by a majority vote. In connection with the Private Offering Transactions, we have amended the governing agreements of certain of our consolidated private equity funds (with the exception of AAA) and capital markets funds to provide that a simple majority of a funds investors will have the right to accelerate the dissolution date of the fund.
In addition, the governing agreements of our private equity funds enable the limited partners holding a specified percentage of the interests entitled to vote not to elect to continue the limited partners capital commitments in the event certain of our managing partners do not devote the requisite time to managing the fund or in connection with certain Triggering Events (as defined below). This is true of Fund VI and Fund VII on which our near- to medium-term performance will heavily depend. EPF, COF I and COF II have a similar provision. In addition to having a significant, immeasurable negative impact on our revenue, net income and cash flow, the occurrence of such an event with respect to any of our funds would likely result in significant reputational damage to us. Further, the loss of one or more our of managing partners may result in the
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acceleration of our debt. The loss of the services of any of our managing partners would have a material adverse effect on us, including our ability to retain and attract investors and raise new funds, and the performance of our funds. We do not carry any key man insurance that would provide us with proceeds in the event of the death or disability of any of our managing partners.
Management Fees
During the investment period, we earn semi-annual management fees from our private equity funds and EPF ranging between 1.0% to 1.75% per annum of the capital commitments of limited partners, other than designated management investors and certain other investors. Upon the third anniversary of the final closing for EPF, the management fees from EPF will step down to 1.75% of the acquisition cost of unrealized investments. Upon the earlier of the termination of the investment period for the relevant fund and the date as of which management fees begin to accrue with respect to a successor fund (the Management Fee Step Down Date), the percentage rates of the management fees from our private equity funds are reduced to a percentage ranging from 0.65% to 0.75% of the cost of unrealized portfolio investments. Private equity management fees are reduced by a percentage of any monitoring, consulting, investment banking, advisory, transaction, directors or break-up or similar fees paid to the funds general partner, management company, principal partners ( i.e. , those of our named partners who are principally responsible for the management of the fund) or any of their affiliates, or Fund Special Fees. In the case of Funds IV, V, and VI this reduction applies only after deducting from Fund Special Fees the costs of unconsummated transactions borne by us. In Fund VII, such unconsummated transaction costs will be borne by Fund VII, but reimbursed to Fund VII by an offset against the management fee of Fund Special Fees in an amount up to the amount of such costs, and thereafter the management fee will be offset by the applicable percentage of Fund Special Fees. In the case of Funds VI and VII, management fees are also reduced by an amount equal to any organizational expenses (to the extent they exceed those that the fund is required to bear) and placement fees paid by the fund.
The Management Fee Step Down Date has already occurred with respect to Funds IV, V and VI and the percentage rates of their management fees have been reduced. Fund VII will transition from the investment period rate to the post Management Fee Step Down Date rate upon the earliest of (i) August 30, 2013, (ii) the permanent termination, pursuant to certain provisions of the Fund VII partnership agreement, of the Fund VII investment period, and (iii) the date as of which management fees begin to accrue that are payable by another pooled investment vehicle with investment objectives and policies substantially similar to those of Fund VII and formed by us or by Fund VIIs partners.
Management fees from AAA and its affiliates range between 1.0% and 1.25% of AAAs adjusted assets, defined as invested capital plus proceeds of any borrowings of AAA Investments plus its cumulative distributable earnings at the end of each quarterly period (taking into account actual distributions but excluding the management fees relating to the period or any non-cash equity compensation expense), net of any amount AAA pays for the repurchase of limited partner interests, as well as capital invested in Apollo funds and temporary investments and any distributable earnings attributable thereto. There are no reductions to AAA Investments management fees for Management Fee Offsets.
Management fees for most of our capital markets funds generally range between 0.75% and 2.0% per annum of the applicable funds average gross assets under management or net asset value and are paid on a monthly or quarterly basis, depending on the fund. Unlike our private equity funds, which have fixed, limited lives, most of our capital markets funds have unlimited lives, so there is no investment period or mandatory reduction in the percentage charged over time. There are also generally no reductions for financial consulting, advisory, transactions, directors or break-up fees, although such fees are not typically charged in respect of our capital markets investments.
Management fees for AIE II are paid quarterly. Through June 30, 2009, and depending on the percentage of drawn capital commitments, management fees are based on either 1.5% of the capital commitments of limited partners or 1.5% of the net asset value attributable to the limited partners, in either case plus 1.0% of the
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partnership leverage attributable to the limited partners. Beginning in July 2009, management fees stepped down to the sum of 1.25% of the net asset value attributable to the limited partners and 0.75% of the partnership leverage attributable to the limited partners. The net asset value of the fund equals the gross assets of the fund less liabilities of the fund. The partnership leverage of the fund equals the gross assets of the fund less the net asset value of the fund.
Management fees for COF I and COF II are 0.75% and 1.25%, respectively, per annum of the aggregate capital contributions of limited partners, other than designated management investors and certain other investors, invested in unrealized portfolio investments. Such management fees are reduced by Management Fee Offsets similar to the reduction to private equity management fees described above.
With respect to our real estate business, we receive management fees from ARI, which are calculated and payable quarterly in arrears in an amount equal to 1.50% of ARIs stockholders equity (as defined in its management agreement) per annum.
We also receive a management fee from the AGRE CMBS Account, which is calculated as a percentage of the capital accounts of the limited partners and payable monthly in advance.
Transaction Fees
We receive transaction fees in connection with many of the acquisitions and dispositions made by our private equity funds, certain of our capital markets funds and by AAA Investments in its co-investments alongside our private equity funds. These fees are generally calculated as a percentage of the total enterprise value of the entity acquired or sold. Except in the case of AAA Investments, discussed above, a specified percentage of these fees reduce our management fees.
We generally do not receive transaction fees in connection with the investments of our capital markets funds.
Advisory Fees
We receive advisory fees for consulting services that we perform for certain private equity and capital markets funds portfolio companies. The fees vary between portfolio companies and for certain portfolio companies, the fees are dependent on EBITDA. Except in the case of AAA Investments, Artus and the Value Funds, a specified percentage of these fees reduce our management fees.
Except as related to ACLF, Artus, COF I, COF II, SOMA and the Value Funds, for which we receive advisory fees, we generally do not receive advisory fees in connection with investments of our capital markets funds.
Carried Interest
Carried interest for our private equity funds and capital markets funds entitles us to an allocation of a portion of the income and gains from that fund and, in the case of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, is as much as 20% of the cash received from the disposition of a portfolio investment or dividends, interest income or other items of ordinary income received from a portfolio investment or the value of securities distributed in kind, after deducting the capital contributions, organizational expenses, operating expense and management fees in respect of any realized investments. In the case of each of our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, the respective carried interest is subject to annual preferred return for limited partners of 8%, subject to a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. Carried interest is normally distributed upon the disposition of a portfolio investment. Carried interest is normally distributed on an annual basis and under certain circumstances upon the disposition of a specific investment. With respect to dividends, interest income and ordinary income received from a portfolio investment, carried interest is distributed no later than a specified period after the end of a fiscal year of the relevant fund.
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Carried interest for most of our capital markets funds ranges between 15% and 20% of either the funds income and gain or the yearly appreciation of the funds net asset value. For such capital markets funds, we accrue incentive income on both realized and unrealized gains, subject to any applicable hurdles and high-water marks. Certain of our capital markets funds are subject to a preferred return.
If, upon the final distribution of any of our private equity funds or certain of our capital markets funds, the relevant funds general partner has received cumulative carried interest on individual portfolio investments in excess of the amount of carried interest it would be entitled to from the profits calculated for all portfolio investments in the aggregate, the general partner will return the excess amount of incentive income it received to the limited partners up to the amount it has received less taxes. With respect to our private equity funds and certain of our capital markets funds, an escrow account is required to be maintained, such that upon each distribution, if the fair value of unrealized investments (plus any amounts already in the escrow accounts) is not equal to 115% of the cost of the unrealized investments plus allocable expenses and management fees, the general partner will place the portion of its carried interest into such escrow account as is necessary for the value of the account, together with the fair value of the unrealized investments, to equal 115% of the cost of the unrealized investments plus allocable expenses and management fees.
As of June 30, 2010, based on the inception-to-date performance of our private equity and capital markets funds, none of the general partners of such funds, excluding Fund VI, had an obligation to return carried interest or incentive income distributions based on realization of investments. Assuming Fund VI had to liquidate on June 30, 2010, the company accrued a liability of $13.1 million in connection with the general partners potential obligation to return carried interest that was previously distributed from Fund VI. In Funds IV, V, VI and VII, the obligation to return carried interest income distributions is guaranteed by the partners of the funds general partners. Although our managing partners and contributing partners remain personally liable for their obligations under the guarantees, pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, we agreed to indemnify our managing partners and certain contributing partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of our funds (all including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) with respect to the interests that they contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
See further discussion related to the potential reversal of carried interest income in note 14 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus.
Our carried interest from AAA Investments entitles us to 20% of the realized gains (net of related expenses, including any allocable borrowing costs) from each co-investment made by AAA Investments pursuant to a committed co-investment facility (such as its agreement with Fund VI) after its capital contributions in respect of realized investments made pursuant to that committed co-investment facility have been recovered, subject (in the case of AAA Investments, co-investment with Fund VI) to a preferred return of 8%, with a catch-up allocation to us thereafter. There is no similar preferred return requirement in respect of AAA Investments, co-investment with Fund VII. Distributions in respect of our carried interest in investments made pursuant to AAA Investments, co-investment facilities are made as investments are realized. We are also allocated 20% of the realized gains on AAA Investments opportunistic investments (meaning ones that are not temporary, a co-investment with a private equity fund or a direct investment in an Apollo fund), with no preferred return (net of related expenses, including allocable borrowing costs).
Redemption and Termination
AIC and AIE I, with a combined AUM of $3.6 billion as of June 30, 2010, are not subject to mandatory termination and do not permit investors to withdraw capital through redemptions. Our other funds are subject to termination or redemption as described below. Additionally, AIE I shareholders have agreed to a monetization plan discussed elsewhere in this prospectus.
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Private Equity Funds. Our private equity funds, with a combined total of $33.5 billion of AUM as of June 30, 2010 (including a portion of the AAA Investments co-investment alongside Fund VI and Fund VII), generally terminate 10 years after the last date on which a limited partner purchased an interest in the fund, subject to extension for up to two years if certain consents of the limited partners or the funds advisory board are obtained. However, termination can be accelerated:
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six years after the applicable funds general partner or advisory board gives written notice to the funds limited partners that the requisite number of key persons have failed to devote the requisite time to the management of the fund, if at a specified number of days after such notice the limited partners holding a specified percentage of the limited partner interests entitled to vote fail to elect to continue the investment period, subject to extension for up to two years with the same consents as are required to extend the fund at the end of its scheduled 10-year term; |
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upon a disabling event (as defined below), unless within 90 days after such disabling event, a majority of the limited partner interests entitled to vote agree in writing to continue the business of the fund and to the appointment of another general partner; |
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upon the affirmative vote of a simple majority in interest of the total limited partner interests entitled to vote; |
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except in the case of Fund VII, upon the affirmative vote of 50% to 66.6% of the total limited partner interests entitled to vote, upon the occurrence of a triggering event (as defined below) with respect to the funds general partner or management company, or some specified number of the funds key persons; |
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after the commitment period, upon a good faith determination by the general partner of the applicable fund that the fund has disposed of substantially all of its portfolio investments; |
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in the discretion of the general partner of the applicable fund to address certain circumstances where the continued participation in the fund by certain limited partners would violate law or have certain adverse consequences for such limited partner or the fund; |
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the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution under Delaware partnership law; or |
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any time there are no limited partners, unless the business of the applicable fund is continued in accordance with Delaware partnership law. |
Disabling event means (i) the occurrence of an event set forth in Section 17-402 of the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, which include the withdrawal of the applicable funds general partner, the assignment of the general partners interest, the general partners removal under the applicable funds limited partnership agreement and certain events of bankruptcy, reorganization or dissolution relating to the general partner, and (ii) in the case of one of our private equity funds, the termination of the investment period by the limited partner in connection with a Triggering Event. With respect to the general partner or management company of the fund, a Triggering Event generally means with respect to any person, the criminal conviction of, or admission by consent (including a plea of no contest or, in the case of certain of our private equity funds, consent to a permanent injunction prohibiting future violations of the federal securities laws) of such person to a material violation of federal securities law, or any rule or regulation promulgated thereunder or any other criminal statute involving a material breach of fiduciary duty; or the conviction of such person of a felony under any federal or state statute; or the commission by such person of an action, or the omission by such person to take an action, if such commission or omission constitutes bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or willful or reckless disregard for such persons duties to the applicable fund or its limited partners; or the obtaining by such person of any material improper personal benefit as a result of its breach of any covenant, agreement or representation and warranty contained in the applicable partnership agreement or the subscription agreement between the applicable fund and its limited partners.
Capital Markets Funds. Equity interests issued by SVF, VIF and AAOF may be redeemed at the option of the holder on a quarterly or annual basis after satisfying the applicable minimum holding period requirement
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(ranging from 12 months to 60 months depending on the particular fund and class of interest). Certain classes of interests in certain funds provide for the imposition of redemption charges at declining rates for interests redeemed on any of the first four quarterly redemption dates from the expiration of the minimum holding period requirement (ranging from 1% to 6% of gross redemption proceeds, depending on the terms of the applicable fund and class). Aggregate redemptions on any redemption date may be limited by a gating restriction to a maximum of 25% of net assets. An investors allocable share of certain investments designated as special investments generally is not eligible for redemption until the occurrence of a realization or liquidity event with respect to the underlying investment. Holders of a majority of the outstanding equity interests in each fund also have the right to accelerate the liquidation date of the fund.
The investor in SOMA may elect to withdraw its capital as of January 31 of each year, commencing January 31, 2010. We have the right to terminate SOMA at any time. In addition, SOMA will dissolve automatically upon the occurrence of certain events that result in the general partner ceasing to serve or to be able to serve in that capacity (such as bankruptcy, insolvency or withdrawal) unless the investor elects to continue SOMA and to appoint a new general partner.
Under the terms of their respective partnership agreements, COF I and COF II will terminate 8 years after the first date on which a limited partner purchased an interest in the fund and certain other capital markets funds will terminate within five to eight years after the last date on which a limited partner purchased an interest in the fund, in each case, subject to extensions for further periods if certain consents of the limited partners or the funds advisory board are obtained. However, termination can be accelerated in similar circumstances to those set out under Private Equity Funds above. Under the terms of its partnership agreement, Artus can be terminated only upon the determination of its general partner; however, a majority in interest of its unaffiliated investors may remove the general partner at any time with or without cause.
General Partner and Professionals Investments and Co-Investments
General Partner Investments
Certain of our management companies and general partners are committed to contribute to the private equity and capital markets funds and affiliates. As a limited partner, general partner and manager of the Apollo private equity funds and capital markets funds, Apollo had unfunded capital commitments of $149.5 million, $201.3 million and $175.7 million at June 30, 2010, December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
Under the services agreement between AAA and one of our subsidiaries, we are obligated to reinvest into common units (which may be in the form of RDUs) or other equity interests of AAA, on a quarterly basis, 25% of the aggregate after tax distributions, if any, that the Apollo Operating Group entity receives in respect of carried interests allocable to investments made by AAA Investments, including co-investments with Fund VI and Fund VII. Accordingly, we expect to periodically acquire newly issued common units of AAA (which may be in the form of RDUs) in connection with AAAs investments in our funds. Such common units will be subject to a three-year lockup period.
Managing Partners and Other Professionals Investments
To further align our interests with those of investors in our funds, our managing partners and other professionals have invested their own capital in our funds. Our managing partners and other professionals will either re-invest their carried interest to fund these investments or use cash on hand or funds borrowed from third parties. On occasion, we have provided guarantees to lenders in respect of funds borrowed by some of our professionals to fund their capital commitments. We do not provide guarantees for our managing partners or other senior executives. We generally have not historically charged management fees or carried interest on capital invested by our managing partners and other professionals directly in our private equity and capital markets funds. Our managing partners and other professionals are not contributing the investments made in their personal capacity in our funds, or as co-investments.
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Co-Investments
Investors in many of our funds as well as other investors may receive the opportunity to make co-investments with the funds. Co-investments are investments in portfolio companies or other assets generally on the same terms and conditions as those to which the applicable fund is subject.
Regulatory and Compliance Matters
Our businesses, as well as the financial services industry generally, are subject to extensive regulation in the United States and elsewhere.
All of the investment advisors of our funds are affiliates of certain of our subsidiaries that are registered as investment advisors with the SEC. Registered investment advisors are subject to the requirements and regulations of the Investment Advisers Act. Such requirements relate to, among other things, fiduciary duties to clients, maintaining an effective compliance program, solicitation agreements, conflicts of interest, recordkeeping and reporting requirements, disclosure requirements, limitations on agency cross and principal transactions between an advisor and advisory clients and general anti-fraud prohibitions.
In addition, AIC has elected to be treated as a business development company under the Investment Company Act. The entity that serves as AICs investment advisor is subject to the Investment Advisers Act and the rules thereunder.
In order to maintain its status as a regulated investment company under Subchapter M of the Internal Revenue Code, AIC is required to distribute at least 90% of its ordinary income and realized, net short-term capital gains in excess of realized net long-term capital losses, if any, to its shareholders. In addition, in order to avoid excise tax, it needs to distribute at least 98% of its income (such income to include both ordinary income and net capital gains), which would take into account short-term and long-term capital gains and losses. AIC, at its discretion, may carry forward taxable income in excess of calendar year distributions and pay an excise tax on this income. In addition, as a business development company, AIC must not acquire any assets other than qualifying assets specified in the Investment Company Act unless, at the time the acquisition is made, at least 70% of AICs total assets are qualifying assets (with certain limited exceptions). Qualifying assets include investments in eligible portfolio companies. In late 2006, the SEC adopted rules under the Investment Company Act to expand the definition of eligible portfolio company to include all private companies and companies whose securities are not listed on a national securities exchange. The rules also permit AIC to include as qualifying assets certain follow-on investments in companies that were eligible portfolio companies at the time of initial investment but that no longer meet the definition. In addition, the SEC recently adopted a new rule under the Investment Company Act to expand the definition of eligible portfolio company to include companies whose securities are listed on a national securities exchange but whose market capitalization is less than $250 million. This new rule became effective July 21, 2008.
In addition, ARI intends to elect to be taxed as a real estate investment trust, or REIT, under the Internal Revenue Code commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2009. To maintain its status as a REIT, ARI must distribute at least 90% of its taxable income to its shareholders and meet, on a continuing basis, certain other complex requirements under the Internal Revenue Code.
The SEC and various self-regulatory organizations have in recent years increased their regulatory activities in respect of asset management firms.
Certain of our businesses are subject to compliance with laws and regulations of U.S. Federal and state governments, non-U.S. governments, their respective agencies and/or various self-regulatory organizations or exchanges relating to, among other things, the privacy of client information, and any failure to comply with these regulations could expose us to liability and/or reputational damage. Our businesses have operated for many years
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within a legal framework that requires our being able to monitor and comply with a broad range of legal and regulatory developments that affect our activities.
However, additional legislation, changes in rules promulgated by self-regulatory organizations or changes in the interpretation or enforcement of existing laws and rules, either in the United States or elsewhere, may directly affect our mode of operation and profitability.
Rigorous legal and compliance analysis of our businesses and investments is important to our culture. We strive to maintain a culture of compliance through the use of policies and procedures such as oversight compliance, codes of ethics, compliance systems, communication of compliance guidance and employee education and training. We have a compliance group that monitors our compliance with all of the regulatory requirements to which we are subject and manages our compliance policies and procedures. Our Chief Legal Officer serves as the Chief Compliance Officer and supervises our compliance group, which is responsible for addressing all regulatory and compliance matters that affect our activities. Our compliance policies and procedures address a variety of regulatory and compliance risks such as the handling of material non-public information, position reporting, personal securities trading, valuation of investments on a fund-specific basis, document retention, potential conflicts of interest and the allocation of investment opportunities.
As an element of our platform, we generally operate without information barriers between our businesses. In an effort to manage possible risks resulting from our decision not to implement these barriers, our compliance personnel maintain a list of issuers for which we have access to material, non-public information and for whose securities our funds and investment professionals are not permitted to trade. We could in the future decide that it is advisable to establish information barriers, particularly as our business expands and diversifies. In such event our ability to operate as an integrated platform will be restricted.
We anticipate our annual cost of complying with regulatory requirements once we are a public company will be approximately as follows:
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Board of Directors and Audit Committee Member Fees$700,000; |
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Audit Fees$1.0 million; |
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Finance Staff$3.0 million; |
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Computer Systems and Information Technology Staff$1.3 million; |
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Investor Relations and Other External Communications$1.5 million; and |
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Internal Audit Function$2.1 million. |
We also may make grants of RSUs to independent directors that we appoint in the future.
The asset management industry is intensely competitive, and we expect it to remain so. We compete both globally and on a regional, industry and niche basis.
We face competition both in the pursuit of outside investors for our funds and in acquiring investments in attractive portfolio companies and making other investments. We compete for outside investors based on a variety of factors, including:
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investment performance; |
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investor perception of investment managers drive, focus and alignment of interest; |
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quality of service provided to and duration of relationship with investors; |
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business reputation; and |
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the level of fees and expenses charged for services. |
Over the past several years, the size and number of private equity funds and capital markets funds has continued to increase, heightening the level of competition for investor capital.
In addition, private equity and capital markets fund managers have increasingly adopted investment strategies traditionally associated with the other. Capital markets funds have become active in taking control positions in companies, while private equity funds have acquired minority and/or debt positions in publicly listed companies. This convergence could heighten our competitive risk by expanding the range of asset managers seeking private equity investments and making it more difficult for us to differentiate ourselves from managers of capital markets funds.
Depending on the investment, we expect to face competition in acquisitions primarily from other private equity funds, specialized funds, hedge fund sponsors, other financial institutions, corporate buyers and other parties. Many of these competitors in some of our businesses are substantially larger and have considerably greater financial, technical and marketing resources than are available to us. Several of these competitors have recently raised, or are expected to raise, significant amounts of capital and many of them have similar investment objectives to us, which may create additional competition for investment opportunities. Some of these competitors may also have a lower cost of capital and access to funding sources that are not available to us, which may create competitive disadvantages for us with respect to investment opportunities. In addition, some of these competitors may have higher risk tolerances, different risk assessments or lower return thresholds, which could allow them to consider a wider variety of investments and to bid more aggressively than us for investments that we want to make. Corporate buyers may be able to achieve synergistic cost savings with regard to an investment that may provide them with a competitive advantage in bidding for an investment. Lastly, the allocation of increasing amounts of capital to alternative investment strategies by institutional and individual investors could well lead to a reduction in the size and duration of pricing inefficiencies that many of our funds seek to exploit.
Competition is also intense for the attraction and retention of qualified employees. Our ability to continue to compete effectively in our businesses will depend upon our ability to attract new employees and retain and motivate our existing employees.
For additional information concerning the competitive risks that we face, see Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our BusinessesThe investment management business is intensely competitive, which could materially adversely impact us.
We are, from time to time, party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including claims and litigation, reviews, investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding our business.
On or about March 21, 2009, an entity known as LLDVF, L.P., which alleges that it is an investor in certain notes with a face amount of $43,500,000 issued by Linens n Things, Inc., or Linens, commenced an action in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against, inter alia, Apollo Management V, L.P., two Apollo partners, certain Apollo investment entities relating to the Linens transaction, certain current and former officers and directors of Linens, and certain other investors in Linens, alleging violations of the Federal Securities Laws and the making of negligent misrepresentations respecting the financial condition and future prospects of Linens from at least March 27, 2007 until May 2, 2008, the date on which Linens filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On July 10, 2009, the plaintiff effectuated service of the summons and complaint on the defendants. As stipulated by the parties and ordered by the Court, on September 23, 2009 the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, which asserted the same causes of
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action as alleged in the original complaint. On November 23, 2009, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaint. On August 12, 2010, the Court granted the defendants motions and dismissed the complaint without prejudice and subsequently agreed to allow plaintiff, until September 30, 2010, to file a second amended complaint in order to cure any deficiencies identified in the Courts ruling. Plaintiff filed its second amended complaint on September 30, 2010, and this most recently amended complaint asserts the same causes of action set forth in its first amended complaint, but no longer names the two Apollo partners as defendants. The parties have agreed to discuss, but have not finalized, a briefing schedule for the defendants expected motion to dismiss this second amended complaint. Currently, the company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted defendants initial motions to dismiss plaintiffs first amended complaint without prejudice, and defendants anticipate moving to dismiss plaintiffs second amended complaint, filed on September 30, 2010, because defendants continue to believe the plaintiffs allegations lack factual and legal merit. In any event, the lawsuit is in its preliminary stages and no discovery has been taken. As a result, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
On July 16, 2008, Apollo was joined as a defendant in a pre-existing purported class action pending in Massachusetts federal court against, among other defendants, numerous private equity firms. The suit alleges that beginning in mid-2003, Apollo and the other private equity firm defendants violated the U.S. antitrust laws by forming bidding clubs or consortia that, among other things, rigged the bidding for control of various public corporations, restricted the supply of private equity financing, fixed the prices for target companies at artificially low levels and allocated amongst themselves an alleged market for private equity services in leveraged buyouts. The suit seeks class action certification, declaratory and injunctive relief, unspecified damages and attorneys fees. On August 27, 2008, Apollo and its co-defendants moved to dismiss plaintiffs complaint and on November 20, 2008, the Court granted the companys motion. The Court also dismissed two other defendants, Permira and Merrill Lynch. In an order dated August 18, 2010, the Court granted in part and denied in part plaintiffs motion to expand the complaint and to obtain additional discovery. The Court ruled that plaintiffs could amend the complaint and obtain discovery in a second discovery phase limited to eight additional transactions. The Court gave the plaintiffs until September 17, 2010 to amend the complaint to include the additional eight transactions. On September 17, 2010, the plaintiffs filed a motion to amend the complaint by adding the additional eight transactions and adding Apollo as a defendant. On October 6, 2010, the Court granted plaintiffs motion to file the fourth amended complaint. Currently, the company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted Apollos motion to dismiss plaintiffs initial complaint in 2008, and Apollo intends to file another well-supported motion to dismiss the fourth amended complaint, although no assurance can be given as to the motions outcome. Apollo also believes that regardless of whether its motion to dismiss is granted, plaintiffs claims and allegations lack factual and legal merit. In addition, discovery has not yet begun on the new transactions that plaintiffs propose to add to the litigation. For all of these reasons, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
Apollo believes that each of these actions is without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.
Various state attorneys general and federal and state agencies have initiated industry-wide investigations into the use of placement agents in connection with the solicitation of investments, particularly with respect to investments by public pension funds. Certain affiliates of Apollo have received subpoenas and other requests for information from various government regulatory agencies and investors in Apollos funds, seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. CalPERS, one of our Strategic Investors, announced on October 14, 2009, that it had initiated a special review of placement agents and related issues. Apollo is cooperating with all such investigations and other reviews. In addition, on May 6, 2010, the California Attorney General filed a civil complaint against Alfred Villalobos and his company, Arvco Capital Research, LLC (a placement agent that Apollo has used) and Federico Buenrostro Jr., the former CEO of CalPERS, alleging conduct in violation of certain California laws in connection with CalPERSs purchase of securities in various funds managed by Apollo and another asset manager. Apollo is not a party to the civil lawsuit and the lawsuit does not allege any misconduct on the part of Apollo. Apollo believes that it has handled its use of placement agents in an appropriate manner.
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Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, we are of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which we are a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on our financial statements. Legal actions material to us could, however, arise in the future.
Our principal executive offices are located in leased office space at 9 West 57th Street, New York, New York. We also lease the space for our offices in Purchase, NY, London, Los Angeles, Singapore, Frankfurt, Mumbai, Hong Kong and Luxembourg. We do not own any real property. We consider these facilities to be suitable and adequate for the management and operation of our businesses.
We believe that one of the strengths and principal reasons for our success is the quality and dedication of our employees. As of June 30, 2010, we employed 418 people. We strive to attract and retain the best talent in the industry.
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Our Partners
Set forth below are the names, ages, numbers of years with Apollo, number of years in the financial services industry and area of operation of each of our executive officers and partners as of the date hereof.
Name |
Age |
Years with
Apollo |
Years in
Industry |
|||
Executive Officers |
||||||
Leon Black |
59 | 20 | 33 | |||
Joshua Harris |
45 | 20 | 24 | |||
Marc Rowan |
48 | 20 | 26 | |||
Henry Silverman |
70 | 2 | 26 | |||
Gene Donnelly |
52 | <1 | 2 | |||
Barry Giarraputo |
46 | 4 | 26 | |||
John Suydam |
50 | 5 | 26 | |||
James Zelter |
48 | 4 | 25 | |||
Private Equity |
||||||
Andrew Africk |
44 | 18 | 18 | |||
Greg Beard |
38 | <1 | 17 | |||
Marc Becker |
38 | 14 | 16 | |||
Dan Bellissimo |
36 | 4 | 13 | |||
Laurence Berg |
44 | 18 | 22 | |||
Mintoo Bhandari |
45 | 4 | 17 | |||
Anthony Civale |
36 | 11 | 14 | |||
Michael Cohen |
34 | 10 | 12 | |||
Peter Copses |
52 | 20 | 24 | |||
Stephanie Drescher |
37 | 6 | 15 | |||
Robert Falk |
72 | 17 | >35 | |||
Damian Giangiacomo |
34 | 10 | 12 | |||
Andrew Jhawar |
39 | 11 | 16 | |||
Scott Kleinman |
37 | 15 | 17 | |||
Gernot Lohr |
41 | 3 | 15 | |||
Steve Martinez |
41 | 11 | 16 | |||
Lance Milken |
34 | 12 | 12 | |||
Sam Oh |
40 | 2 | 17 | |||
Stan Parker |
34 | 10 | 12 | |||
Sanjay Patel |
49 | 1 | 25 | |||
Eric Press |
45 | 12 | 18 | |||
Ali Rashid |
34 | 8 | 10 | |||
Robert Seminara |
38 | 8 | 17 | |||
Imran Siddiqui |
36 | 2 | 9 | |||
Aaron Stone |
37 | 13 | 15 | |||
Gareth Turner |
46 | 5 | 22 | |||
Jordan Zaken |
35 | 11 | 13 | |||
Capital Markets |
||||||
David Abrams |
43 | 4 | 23 | |||
Rajay Bagaria |
33 | 6 | 11 | |||
Robert Burdick |
47 | 3 | 24 | |||
Patrick Dalton |
42 | 6 | 20 | |||
John Hannan |
57 | 20 | 31 | |||
Abraham Katz |
39 | 6 | 16 | |||
Narayanan Girish Kumar |
43 | 4 | 21 | |||
Joseph Moroney |
38 | 2 | 17 | |||
Robert Ruberton |
35 | 6 | 13 | |||
Justin Sendak |
41 | 3 | 19 | |||
Chin Hwee Tan |
39 | 4 | 15 | |||
Real Estate |
||||||
Joseph Azrack |
63 | 2 | 31 | |||
Grant Kelley |
46 | 1 | 20 | |||
Raymond Mikulich |
57 | <1 | 36 |
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Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it. Pursuant to a delegation of authority from our manager, which may be revoked, our board of directors will establish and maintain audit and conflicts committees of the board of directors that has the responsibilities described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee and Committees of the Board of DirectorsConflicts Committee.
Decisions by our manager are made by its executive committee, which is composed of our three managing partners and our Chief Operating Officer; who serves as a non-voting member. Each managing partner will remain on the executive committee for so long as he is employed by us, provided that Mr. Black, upon his retirement, may at his option remain on the executive committee until his death or disability or any commission of an act that would constitute cause if Mr. Black had still been employed by us. Actions by the executive committee are determined by majority vote of its members, except as to the following matters, as to which Mr. Black will have the right of veto: (i) the designations of directors to our board, or (ii) a sale or other disposition of the Apollo Operating Group and/or its subsidiaries or any portion thereof, through a merger, recapitalization, stock sale, asset sale or otherwise, to an unaffiliated third party (other than through an exchange of Apollo Operating Group units and interests in our Class B share for Class A shares, transfers by a founder or a permitted transferee to another permitted transferee, or the issuance of bona fide equity incentives to any of our non-founder employees) that constitutes (x) a direct or indirect sale of a ratable interest (or substantially ratable interest) in each entity that constitutes the Apollo Operating Group or (y) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Apollo. Exchanges of Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares that are not pro rata among our managing partners or in which each managing partner has the option not to participate are not subject to Mr. Blacks right of veto.
Subject to limited exceptions described in our operating agreement, our manager may not sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions without the approval of holders of a majority of the aggregate number of voting shares outstanding; provided, however, that this does not preclude or limit our managers ability, in its sole discretion, to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries (including for the benefit of persons other than us or our subsidiaries, including affiliates of our manager).
We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. This agreement does not limit the amount of expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates.
Directors and Executive Officers
The following table sets forth certain information about our directors and executive officers. Each of our executive officers serves at the pleasure of our manager, subject to rights under any employment agreement. See Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table. Under our operating agreement, our board of directors has authority to act only when such authority is delegated to it by our manager or the Apollo control condition is not satisfied. See Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a more detailed description of the terms of our operating agreement.
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager shall (i) nominate and elect all directors to our board of directors, (ii) set the number of directors of our board of directors and (iii) fill any vacancies on our board of directors. Our manager has nominated and elected our initial board of directors. After the Apollo
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control condition is no longer satisfied, each of our directors will be elected by the vote of a plurality of our shares entitled to vote, voting as a single class, to serve until his or her successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified or until his or her earlier death, retirement, disqualification, resignation or removal. Our board currently consists of three members.
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager may remove any director, with or without cause, at anytime. After such condition is no longer satisfied, a director or the entire board of directors may be removed by the affirmative vote of holders of 50% or more of the total voting power of our shares.
Upon listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, our manager will appoint at least two additional directors who are independent within the criteria established by the NYSE for independent board members. Following these appointments, we expect that our board of directors will consist of at least six directors. Prior to the listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, our manager is not required by the terms of our operating agreement or otherwise to appoint any independent directors or use the criteria established by the NYSE for independent board members. After such listing, if completed, our manager will be required to establish an audit committee comprised of independent directors using the NYSE criteria, as described below under Committee of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee.
Name |
Age |
Position(s) |
||
Leon Black |
59 | Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director | ||
Joshua Harris |
45 | Senior Managing Director and Director | ||
Marc Rowan |
48 | Senior Managing Director and Director | ||
Henry Silverman |
70 | Vice Chairman, Chief Operating Officer and Director | ||
Gene Donnelly |
52 | Chief Financial Officer | ||
Barry Giarraputo |
46 | Chief Accounting Officer and Controller | ||
John Suydam |
50 | Chief Legal Officer and Chief Compliance Officer | ||
James Zelter |
48 | Managing DirectorCapital Markets |
Leon Black. In 1990, Mr. Black founded Apollo Management, L.P. and Lion Advisors, L.P. to manage investment capital on behalf of a group of institutional investors, focusing on corporate restructuring, leveraged buyouts, and taking minority positions in growth-oriented companies. From 1977 to 1990, Mr. Black worked at Drexel Burnham Lambert Incorporated, where he served as Managing Director, head of the Mergers & Acquisitions Group and co-head of the Corporate Finance Department. Mr. Black serves on the boards of directors of Sirius XM Radio Inc. and the general partner of AAA. Mr. Black is a trustee of Dartmouth College, The Museum of Modern Art, Mount Sinai Hospital, The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Prep for Prep, and The Asia Society. He is also a member of The Council on Foreign Relations, The Partnership for New York City and the National Advisory Board of JPMorgan Chase. He is also a member of the boards of directors of FasterCures and the Port Authority Task Force. Mr. Black graduated summa cum laude from Dartmouth College in 1973 with a major in Philosophy and History and received an MBA from Harvard Business School in 1975. Mr. Black has significant experience making and managing private equity investments on behalf of Apollo and has over 33 years experience financing, analyzing and investing in public and private companies. In his prior position with Drexel and in his position at Apollo, Mr. Black is responsible for leading and overseeing teams of professionals. His extensive experience allows Mr. Black to provide insight into various aspects of Apollos business and is of significant value to the board of directors.
Joshua Harris. Mr. Harris co-founded Apollo Management, L.P. in 1990. Prior to 1990, Mr. Harris was a member of the Mergers and Acquisitions Group of Drexel Burnham Lambert Incorporated. Mr. Harris currently serves on the boards of directors of Berry Plastics Corporation, CEVA Logistics and Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc. and Mr. Harris serves as Chairman of the Board for Momentive Performance Materials. Mr. Harris has previously served on the boards of directors of Verso Paper Corp. Metals USA, Nalco Company, Allied Waste Industries, Inc., Pacer International, Inc., General Nutrition Centers, Inc., Furniture Brands International, Compass Minerals Group, Inc., Alliance Imaging, Inc., NRT Inc., Covalence Specialty Materials
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Corp., United Agri Products, Inc., Quality Distribution, Inc., Whitmire Distribution Corp. and Noranda Aluminum. Mr. Harris is actively involved in charitable and political organizations. He is a member of The Federal Reserve Bank of New York Investors Advisory Committee on Financial Markets and is a member of the Corporate Affairs Committee of the Council on Foreign Relations. Mr. Harris serves as Chairman of the Department of Medicine Advisory Board for The Mount Sinai Medical Center and is on the Board of Trustees of the Mount Sinai Medical Center. He is also a member of The University of Pennsylvanias Wharton Undergraduate Executive Board and is on the Board of Trustees for The Dalton School and Harvard Business School. Mr. Harris graduated summa cum laude and Beta Gamma Sigma from the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School of Business with a Bachelor of Science degree in Economics and received his MBA from the Harvard Business School, where he graduated as a Baker and Loeb Scholar. Mr. Harris has significant experience in making and managing private equity investments on behalf of Apollo and has over 24 years experience in financing, analyzing and investing in public and private companies. Mr. Harriss extensive knowledge of Apollos business and experience in a variety of senior leadership roles enhance the breadth of experience of the board of directors.
Marc Rowan. Mr. Rowan co-founded Apollo Management, L.P. in 1990. Prior to that time, Mr. Rowan was a member of the Mergers & Acquisitions Group of Drexel Burnham Lambert Incorporated, with responsibilities in high yield financing, transaction idea generation and merger structure negotiation. Mr. Rowan currently serves on the boards of directors of the general partner of AAA, Athene Re, Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. and Norwegian Cruise Lines. He has previously served on the boards of directors of AMC Entertainment, Inc., Cablecom GmbH, Countrywide plc, Culligan Water Technologies, Inc., Furniture Brands International, Mobile Satellite Ventures, National Cinemedia, Inc., National Financial Partners, Inc., New World Communications, Inc., Quality Distribution, Inc., Samsonite Corporation, SkyTerra Communications Inc., Unity Media SCA, Vail Resorts, Inc. and Wyndham International, Inc. Mr. Rowan is also active in charitable activities. He is a founding member and serves on the executive committee of the Youth Renewal Fund and is a member of the boards of directors of the National Jewish Outreach Program and the Undergraduate Executive Board of the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School of Business. Mr. Rowan graduated summa cum laude from the University of Pennsylvanias Wharton School of Business with a BS and an MBA in Finance. Mr. Rowan has significant experience making and managing private equity investments on behalf of Apollo and has over 26 years experience financing, analyzing and investing in public and private companies. Mr. Rowans extensive financial background and expertise in private equity investments enhance the breadth of experience of the board of directors.
Henry Silverman. Mr. Silverman joined Apollo in 2009. From November 2007 through January 2009, Mr. Silverman served as senior advisor to Apollo. Prior to joining Apollo, from July 2006 until November 2007, Mr. Silverman served as Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer of Realogy Corporation, formerly Cendants real estate division. Mr. Silverman was Chief Executive Officer of Cendant Corporation from December 1997 until the completion of Cendants separation plan in August 2006, as well as Chairman of the Board of Directors from July 1998 until August 2006. Mr. Silverman served as President of Cendant from December 1997 until October 2004. Mr. Silverman was Chairman of the Board, Chairman of the Executive Committee, and Chief Executive Officer of HFS Incorporated (Cendant predecessor) from May 1990 until December 1997. Cendant was a Fortune 100 company and the largest global provider of consumer and business services within the travel and residential real estate sectors prior to its separation into several new companies in late 2006. Mr. Silverman continues to serve as a director and Chairman of the Board of Realogy Corporation. In addition, Mr. Silverman is a director and Chairman of the Board of Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. and he serves as a director of the general partner of AAA. Mr. Silverman serves on the Board of Commissioners of the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey and as a trustee of NYU Langone Medical Center. Mr. Silvermans philanthropy includes Silverman Hall, the Silverman-Rodin scholars and the Silverman Professor of Law at Penn Law School, and the Silverman Professor of Obstetrics and Gynecology at NYU School of Medicine. Mr. Silverman was awarded the American Heritage Award from the Anti-Defamation League for lifetime achievement in fighting discrimination and was honored for his efforts to promote diversity in the workplace by the Jackie Robinson Foundation and the U.S. Hispanic Chamber of Commerce. Mr. Silverman graduated from Williams College in 1961, and the University of Pennsylvania Law School in
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1964, and served as a legal officer in the U.S. Navy Reserve from 1965 to 1972. Mr. Silverman brings to the board of directors expertise as a strategist, management and operations experience, and a perspective on business operations and corporate governance in the public company context. In his prior experience as chief executive officer of Cendant, he gained extensive experience working with complex organizations and analyzing investment opportunities, all of which the company believes enhances the resources available to the board of directors.
Gene Donnelly . Mr. Donnelly joined Apollo in 2010, following a 30-year career with PricewaterhouseCoopers (PwC), most recently as PwCs lead client relationship partner for several leading private equity firms. Prior to that role, Mr. Donnelly served as the Global Managing Partner for PwCs advisory and tax practices from 2006 through 2008. During 2000 through 2005, Mr. Donnelly served as Vice Chairman and Chief Financial Officer for PwCs U.S. firm. Previously, Mr. Donnelly served in PwCs global transaction services practice from 1996 through 2000, and he was the leader of that practice from 1997 through 2000. Before joining PwCs transaction services practice, Mr. Donnelly was with PwCs audit practice from 1979 through 1995, and he was appointed as a partner in 1989. Mr. Donnelly graduated summa cum laude with a BS in Accounting from St. Francis College.
Barry Giarraputo. Mr. Giarraputo joined Apollo in 2006. Prior to that time, Mr. Giarraputo was a Senior Managing Director at Bear Stearns & Co. where he served in a variety of finance roles over nine years. Previous to that, Mr. Giarraputo was with the accounting and auditing firm of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP for 12 years where he was a member of the firms Audit and Business Services Group and was responsible for a number of capital markets clients including broker-dealers, money-center banks, domestic investment companies and offshore hedge funds and related service providers. Mr. Giarraputo is on the Board of Directors for the Association for Children with Down Syndrome where he also serves as the Treasurer and Chairman of the Audit Committee. Mr. Giarraputo has also served as an Adjunct Professor of Accounting at Baruch College where he graduated cum laude in 1985 with a BBA in Accountancy.
John Suydam. Mr. Suydam joined Apollo in 2006. From 2002 through 2006, Mr. Suydam was a partner at OMelveny & Myers LLP, where he served as head of Mergers & Acquisitions and co-head of the Corporate Department. Prior to that, Mr. Suydam served as chairman of the law firm OSullivan, LLP, which specialized in representing private equity investors. Mr. Suydam serves on the board of directors of the Big Apple Circus and he is also a member of the Department of Medicine Advisory Board of The Mount Sinai Medical Center. Mr. Suydam received his JD from New York University and graduated magna cum laude with a BA in History from the State University of New York at Albany.
James Zelter. Mr. Zelter joined Apollo in 2006. Mr. Zelter is the Managing Director of Apollos capital markets business, Chief Executive Officer and director of AIC and director of AIE I. Prior to joining Apollo, Mr. Zelter was with Citigroup Inc. and its predecessor companies from 1994 to 2006. From 2003 to 2005, Mr. Zelter was Chief Investment Officer of Citigroup Alternative Investments, and prior to that he was responsible for the firms Global High Yield franchise. Prior to joining Citigroup in 1994, Mr. Zelter was a High Yield Trader at Goldman, Sachs & Co. Mr. Zelter is a board member of DUMAC, the investment management company that oversees the Duke Endowment and Duke Foundation. Mr. Zelter has a degree in Economics from Duke University.
We intend to continue to employ our current management structure, and, upon the listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, if achieved, we have decided to avail ourselves of the controlled company exception from certain of the NYSE governance rules, which eliminates the requirements that we have a majority of independent directors on our board of directors and that we have a compensation committee and a nominating and corporate governance committee composed entirely of independent directors. In addition, our company will continue to have a manager that manages all our operations and activities, with only limited powers retained by the board of directors, so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied.
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Limited Powers of Our Board of Directors
As noted, so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it. Our manager has delegated to an audit committee of our board of directors the functions described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee and to a conflicts committee the functions described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsConflicts Committee. In the event that the Apollo control condition is not satisfied, our board of directors will manage all of our operations and activities.
Pursuant to a delegation of authority from our manager, which may be revoked, our board of directors has established and at all times will maintain audit and conflicts committees of the board of directors that have the responsibilities described below under Committees of the Board of DirectorsAudit Committee and Committees of the Board of DirectorsConflicts Committee.
Where action is required or permitted to be taken by our board of directors or a committee thereof, a majority of the directors or committee members present at any meeting of our board of directors or any committee thereof at which there is a quorum shall be the act of our board or such committee, as the case may be. Our board of directors or any committee thereof may also act by unanimous written consent.
Under the Agreement Among Managing Partners, the vote of a majority of the independent members of our board will decide the following: (i) in the event that a vacancy exists on the executive committee of our managers and the remaining members of the executive committee cannot agree on a replacement, the independent members of our board shall select one of the two nominees to the executive committee of our manager presented to them by the remaining members of such executive committee to fill the vacancy on such executive committee and (ii) in the event that at any time after December 31, 2009, Mr. Black wishes to exercise his ability to cause (x) the direct or indirect sale of a ratable interest (or substantially ratable interest) in each Apollo Operating Group entity, or (y) a sale of all or substantially all of our assets, through a merger, recapitalization, stock sale, asset sale or otherwise, to an unaffiliated third party. We are not a party to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, and neither we nor our shareholders (other than our Strategic Investors, as set forth under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) have any right to enforce the provisions described above. Such provisions can be amended or waived upon agreement of our managing partners at any time.
Committees of the Board of Directors
We have established an audit committee as well as a conflicts committee. Our audit committee has adopted a charter that complies with current federal and NYSE rules relating to corporate governance matters. Our board of directors may from time to time establish other committees of our board of directors.
Audit Committee
The purpose of the audit committee is to assist our manager in overseeing and monitoring (i) the quality and integrity of our financial statements, (ii) our compliance with legal and regulatory requirements, (iii) our independent registered public accounting firms qualifications and independence and (iv) the performance of our independent registered public accounting firm. Our manager intends, on or prior to the planned listing of our Class A shares on the NYSE, to cause the members of the audit committee to meet the independence standards for service on an audit committee of a board of directors pursuant to federal securities regulations and NYSE rules relating to corporate governance matters. These rules require that we have one independent member of the audit committee at the time our Class A shares are listed on the NYSE, a majority of independent members within 90 days of listing and a fully independent committee within one year. Pending appointment of independent directors to our audit committee, it is currently comprised of Mr. Silverman.
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Conflicts Committee
The purpose of the conflicts committee is to review specific matters that our manager believes may involve conflicts of interest. The conflicts committee will determine whether the resolution of any conflict of interest submitted to it is fair and reasonable to us. Any matters approved by the conflicts committee will be conclusively deemed to be fair and reasonable to us and not a breach by us of any duties that we may owe to our shareholders. In addition, the conflicts committee may review and approve any related person transactions, other than those that are approved pursuant to our related person policy, as described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsStatement of Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons, and may establish guidelines or rules to cover specific categories of transactions.
Lack of Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
We do not have a compensation committee. Our managing partners have historically made all final determinations regarding executive officer compensation. Our manager has determined that maintaining our existing compensation practices as closely as possible is desirable and intends that these practices will continue. Accordingly, our manager does not intend to establish a compensation committee of our board of directors. For a description of certain transactions between us and our managing partners see Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions.
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
Overview of Compensation Philosophy
Alignment of interests with investors and shareholders. Our principal compensation philosophy is to align the interests of our managing partners, contributing partners, and other senior professionals with those of our Class A shareholders and fund investors. This alignment, which we believe is a key driver of our success, has been achieved principally by our managing partners and contributing partners direct ownership of equity in our business in the form of Apollo Operating Group units, our contributing partners ownership of rights to receive a portion of the management fees and incentive income earned for management of our funds, the direct investment by both our managing partners and our contributing partners in our funds, and our practice of making annual bonus payments partly in the form of equity-based grants that are subject to vesting. As a result of this alignment, the compensation of our professionals is closely tied to the performance of our businesses.
Significant personal investment. Like our fund investors and Class A shareholders, our managing partners and contributing partners make significant personal investments in our funds (as more fully described under Certain Relationships and Related Party Transactions), directly or indirectly, and our professionals who receive carried interests in our funds are generally required to invest their own capital in the funds they manage in amounts that are proportionate to the size of their participation in incentive income. We believe that this ownership ensures that our professionals have significant capital at risk and reinforces the linkage between the success of the funds we manage, the success of the company and the compensation paid to our professionals.
Long-term performance and commitment. Most of our professionals have been issued RSUs, which provide rights to receive Class A shares and distributions on those shares. The managing partners and contributing partners pecuniary interests in Apollo Operating Group units are subject to a five or six year vesting schedule, and the RSUs are also subject to a vesting schedule (generally ranging from three to six years). In addition, AAA incentive units held by certain of our professionals are subject to vesting over three years. The vesting requirements for these awards contribute to our professionals focus on long-term performance while enhancing retention of these professionals.
Discouragement of excessive risk-taking. Although investments in alternative assets can pose risks, we believe that our compensation program includes significant elements that discourage excessive risk-taking while
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aligning the compensation of our professionals with our long-term performance. For example, notwithstanding that we accrue compensation for our carried interest programs (described below) as increases in the value of the portfolio investments are recorded in the related funds, we generally make cash payments of carried interest to our employees only after profitable investments have actually been realized. This helps to ensure that our professionals take a long-term view that is consistent with the companys and our shareholders interests. Moreover, if a fund fails to achieve specified investment returns due to diminished performance of later investments, our carried interest program relating to that fund generally permits, for the benefit of the limited partner investors in that fund, the return of carried interest payments previously made to us, our contributing partners or our other employees. These provisions discourage excessive risk-taking and promote a long-term view that is consistent with the interests of our investors and shareholders. Our requirement that our professionals invest in the funds we manage further aligns the interests of our professionals, fund investors and Class A shareholders. Finally, the significant vesting provisions of our RSUs, Apollo Operating Group units and AAA incentive units noted above discourage excessive risk-taking because the value of these units is tied directly to the long-term performance of our Class A shares.
Compensation Elements for Named Executive Officers
Consistent with our emphasis on alignment of interests with our fund investors and Class A shareholders, compensation elements tied to the profitability of our different businesses and that of the funds that we manage are, except for our vice chairman and chief operating officer, Henry Silverman, the primary means of compensating our five executive officers listed in the tables below, or the named executive officers. As we describe below, Mr. Silverman was compensated primarily in cash in 2009, but we expect to grant him options to acquire Class A shares, which will provide him with rights to acquire an equity stake in the company. The key elements of the compensation of our named executive officers during fiscal year 2009 are described below. We distinguish among the compensation components applicable to our five named executive officers as appropriate in the below summary. Mr. Black is a member of the group referred to elsewhere in this prospectus as the managing partners, and Mr. Zelter is a member of the group referred to elsewhere in this prospectus as the contributing partners.
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Annual Salary . Each of our named executive officers receives an annual salary. Pursuant to his employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement entered into in connection with the Reorganization (discussed below), Mr. Black receives a base salary of $100,000 per year. After the expiration of the five-year term of his employment agreement, his compensation will be determined by our manager if the Apollo control condition is then satisfied, or otherwise by our board of directors. We expect to re-examine the $100,000 salary for Mr. Black as we approach the end of his employment agreement term in 2012. The base salaries of our named executive officers who are not managing partners are set forth in the Summary Compensation Table below, and those base salaries were set by our managing partners in their judgment after considering the historic compensation levels of the officer, competitive market dynamics, and each officers level of responsibility and anticipated contributions to our overall success. We did not increase the base salary of any of our named executive officers in 2009. |
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Annual Bonus. Most of our professionals are eligible to receive discretionary annual bonuses, including Messrs. Vecchione, Zelter and Suydam (but not Messrs. Black or Silverman). The inclusion of annual bonuses as part of our overall compensation rewards superior performance and enables us to attract and retain talented professionals by enhancing our capacity to offer competitive compensation opportunities. Mr. Zelter is also entitled to receive an annual bonus based on the management fee and incentive income of certain of our businesses in which he participates, which encourages him to maintain a long-term focus on the performance of those businesses and to contain their operating costs. Annual bonuses are generally paid partly in cash and partly in the form of Bonus Grants (as defined below), which are subject to vesting over three years and are described below under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. As a result of his cessation of employment on |
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March 31, 2010, Mr. Vecchione did not receive a Bonus Grant, which would have constituted the equity portion of his annual bonus, in respect of his 2009 service (see below under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableEmployment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, and subsequent Separation Letter, with Former Chief Financial Officer). |
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Plan Grants. In addition to annual Bonus Grants, following the Reorganization we made Plan Grants (as defined below) of RSUs to most of our professionals, including Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam. These awards, which are subject to multi-year vesting and phased issuance of the Class A shares underlying the RSUs, are described below under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. |
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Carried Interest. Carried interests with respect to our funds confer rights to receive distributions if a distribution is made to investors following the realization of an investment or receipt of operating profit from an investment by the fund. These rights provide their holders with substantial incentives to attain strong returns in a manner that does not subject their significant capital investment in the company to excessive risk. Distributions of carried interest generally are subject to contingent repayment if the fund fails to achieve specified investment returns due to diminished performance of later investments. The actual gross amount of carried interest allocations available is a function of the performance of the applicable fund. For these reasons, we believe that carried interest participation aligns the interests of our professionals with those of our Class A shareholders and fund investors. Our financial statements characterize the carried interest income allocated to participating professionals as compensation, and accruals of this compensation expense (rather than actual distributions paid) are therefore included in the All Other Compensation column of the summary compensation table. Mr. Black participates in the carried interests of the general partners of our underlying funds indirectly, through his ownership of Apollo Operating Group units. Mr. Zelter also participates in the carried interests of the general partners of our underlying funds, both through his indirect ownership of Apollo Operating Group units and RSUs and his direct rights to carried interest with respect to certain of our funds. In addition, Mr. Suydam participates, and Mr. Vecchione participated, directly in the carried interests of the general partners of certain of our funds. While direct carried interests are generally subject to vesting, Mr. Vecchiones carried interests provided rights to distributions only during employment and were forfeited upon his employment termination on March 31, 2010. Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam also participate indirectly in carried interests through their ownership of RSUs. Mr. Silverman is not entitled to carried interests in any of our funds. |
Determination of Compensation of Named Executive Officers
Our managing partners make all final determinations regarding named executive officer compensation. Decisions about a named executive officers cash bonus and grants of equity-based awards are based primarily on our managing partners assessment of such named executive officers individual performance, operational performance for the department or division in which the officer (other than a managing partner) serves, and the officers impact on our overall operating performance and potential to contribute to long-term shareholder value. In evaluating these factors, our managing partners do not utilize quantitative performance targets but rather rely upon their judgment about each named executive officers performance to determine an appropriate reward for the current years performance. The determinations by our managing partners are ultimately subjective, are not tied to specified annual, qualitative and individual objectives or performance factors, and reflect discussions among the managing partners. Key factors that our managing partners consider in making such determinations include the officers nature, scope and level of responsibility and overall contribution to our success. Our managing partners also consider each named executive officers prior-year compensation, the appropriate balance between incentives for long-term and short-term performance, competitive market dynamics and the compensation paid to the named executive officers peers within the company. Unlike the compensation of the other named executive officers, Mr. Silvermans compensation has
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consisted almost exclusively of base salary. Given Mr. Silvermans track record in building companies and his unique set of skills, experiences and relationships, the managing partners determined that it was appropriate to respect his request that most of his compensation be paid currently and in cash. However, we expect to grant Mr. Silverman options to acquire Class A shares, which will provide him with rights to acquire an equity stake in the company.
Note on Distributions on Apollo Operating Group Units
We note that all of our managing partners and contributing partners, including Mr. Black and Mr. Zelter, beneficially own Apollo Operating Group units. In particular, immediately after this offering, the managing partners own, through their interest in BRH and Holdings, % of the total limited partner interests in the Apollo Operating Group (as described above in Prospectus SummaryStructure and Formation of the Company). When made, distributions on these units (which are made on both vested and unvested units) are generally in the same amount per unit as distributions made to us in respect of the Apollo Operating Group units we hold. Accordingly, although distributions on Apollo Operating Group units are distributions on equity rather than compensation, they play a central role in aligning our managing partners and contributing partners interests with those of our Class A shareholders, which is consistent with our fundamental philosophy.
The following summary compensation table sets forth information concerning the compensation earned by, awarded to or paid to our principal executive officer, our principal financial officer and our three other most highly compensated executive officers for services rendered in 2009. Managing partners Messrs. Harris and Rowan are not included in the table because their compensation does not result in either of them being among the three most highly compensated executive officers after Messrs. Black and Vecchione. Our managing partners earnings derive predominantly from distributions they receive as a result of their indirect ownership of Apollo Operating Group units and their rights under the tax receivable agreement (described elsewhere in this prospectus, including above under Cash Dividend Policy), rather than from compensation. The officers named in the table are referred to as the named executive officers.
Name and Principal Position |
Year |
Salary
($) |
Bonus
($) (2) |
Stock
Awards ($) (3) |
All
Other
Compensation ($) (5) |
Total
($) |
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Leon Black, Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
2009 | 100,000 | | | 687,391 | 787,391 | ||||||||
Kenneth Vecchione, Chief Financial Officer and Vice President (resigned from this position effective January 22, 2010) |
2009 | 1,293,750 | 1,100,000 | 136,800 | (4) | 348,123 | 2,878,673 | |||||||
Henry Silverman, Vice Chairman, Chief Operating Officer and Director |
2009 | 6,416,667 | (1) | | | 583,333 | 7,000,000 | |||||||
James Zelter, Managing Director Capital Markets |
2009 | | 4,161,076 | 704,878 | 7,200,013 | 12,065,967 | ||||||||
John Suydam, Chief Legal Officer and Chief Compliance Officer |
2009 | 400,000 | 3,337,500 | 228,000 | 951,058 | 4,916,558 |
(1) | Represents the portion of Mr. Silvermans salary received from February 1, 2009 to December 31, 2009. Prior to becoming our chief operating officer, Mr. Silverman provided services as a consultant and was paid the consulting fee described in footnote 5 and included in the All Other Compensation column. |
(2) | Represents cash bonuses earned in 2009 or waived for investment pursuant to the terms of the fee waiver program described below under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsFee Waiver Program. |
(3) | Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of stock awards (specifically, Bonus Grant RSUs) granted in 2009, computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. See note 12 to our consolidated and combined financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus for further information concerning the assumptions made in valuing our RSU awards. The amounts shown do not reflect compensation actually received by the named executive officers, but instead represent the aggregate grant date fair value of the awards. |
(4) | At the time of his termination of employment on March 31, 2010, Mr. Vecchione had vested in one third of this award and the remainder of the award was forfeited. |
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(5) | Amounts represent an amount of compensation expense recorded by us on an accrual basis in respect of carried interest allocations to Messrs. Vecchione, Zelter and Suydam in 2009. These amounts do not reflect actual cash carried interest distributions to these named executive officers. For GAAP reporting purposes, these amounts are classified as compensation expense due to the accrual of carried interest related to unrealized investments as of the last day of the relevant period as if the investments in the funds generating such carried interest were realized at such time. Compensation expense may also be negative in the event of a reversal of previously allocated carried interest due to negative adjustments in the fair value of certain portfolio investments. The ultimate amount of actual carried interest distributions that may be generated in connection with fund investments and subsequently distributed to our named executive officers may be more or less than the amounts indicated and is not knowable at this time. |
The All Other Compensation column also includes the following:
(a) $79,000 in fees paid to Mr. Vecchione for his service as a member of the Board of Directors of Affinion Group, a portfolio company of one of our funds, and Affinion stock options having an aggregate grant date fair value (computed in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718) of $122,720.
(b) Distributions to Mr. Black that had accrued with respect to carried interests earned prior to the Reorganization in the amount of $512,539.
(c) A consulting fee of $583,333 paid to Mr. Silverman for services he provided to us prior to becoming our chief operating officer.
(d) Costs relating to company-provided cars and drivers for the business and personal use of Mr. Black. We provide this benefit to Mr. Black because we believe that its cost is outweighed by the convenience, increased efficiency and added security that it offers to him. The cost of Mr. Blacks personal use was approximately $140,202. This amount includes both fixed and variable costs, including lease costs, driver compensation, driver meals, fuel, parking, tolls, maintenance and insurance.
(e) Tickets to sporting events for Mr. Blacks personal use having an aggregate incremental cost (based on the full price of the tickets used) of $26,400.
Except as discussed above in paragraphs (d) and (e) of this footnote 5, no perquisites or personal benefits individually exceeded the greater of $25,000 or 10% of the total amount of all perquisites and other personal benefits reported for the named executive officer. The cost of excess liability insurance provided to Mr. Black falls below this threshold. None of Messrs. Vecchione, Zelter, Silverman or Suydam received perquisites or personal benefits in 2009, except for incidental benefits having an aggregate value of less than $10,000 per individual. Our named executive officers also receive occasional secretarial support with respect to personal matters. We incur no incremental cost for the provision of such additional benefits. Finally, Messrs. Black and Zelter make business and personal use of various aircraft in which we have fractional interests, and each bears the aggregate incremental cost of his personal usage. Accordingly, no such amount is included in the Summary Compensation Table.
Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table
Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement with Chief Executive Officer
In connection with the Reorganization, we entered into an employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with Mr. Black. The term of his agreement is the five years concluding July 13, 2012. He has the right to terminate his employment voluntarily at any time, but we may terminate his employment only for cause or by reason of disability.
Mr. Black is entitled during his employment to an annual salary of $100,000 and to participate in our employee benefit plans, as in effect from time to time. He currently participates only in the companys group health plans.
The employment agreement requires Mr. Black to protect the confidential information of Apollo both during and after employment. In addition, until one year after his employment terminates, Mr. Black is required to refrain from soliciting employees under the circumstances specified therein or interfering with our relationships with investors and to refrain from competing with us in a business that involves primarily ( i.e. , more than 50%) third-party capital, whether or not the termination occurs during the term of the agreement or thereafter. These post-termination covenants survive any termination or expiration of the Agreement Among Managing Partners.
We may terminate Mr. Blacks employment during the term of the employment agreement solely for cause or by reason of his disability. His employment agreement defines cause as a final, non-appealable conviction of or plea of no contest to a felony that prohibits him from continuing to provide his services as an investment professional due to legal restriction or physical confinement or the occurrence of a final, non-appealable legal restriction that precludes him from serving as an investment professional. Disability is defined as any physical
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or mental incapacity that prevents Mr. Black from carrying out all or substantially all of his duties for any period of 180 consecutive days or any aggregate period of eight months in any 12-month period as determined by the executive committee of our manager. If Mr. Black becomes subject to a potential termination for cause or by reason of disability, our manager may appoint an investment professional to perform his functional responsibilities and duties until cause or disability definitively results in his termination or is determined not to have occurred, but the manager may so appoint an investment professional only if Mr. Black is unable to perform his responsibilities and duties or, as a matter of fiduciary duty, should be prohibited from doing so. During any such period, Mr. Black shall continue to serve on the executive committee of our manager unless otherwise prohibited from doing so pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners.
Under his employment agreement, if we terminate Mr. Blacks employment for cause or his employment is terminated by reason of death or disability, or if he terminates his employment voluntarily, he (or his estate) will be paid only his accrued but unpaid salary through the date of termination.
Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, and subsequent Separation Letter, with Former Chief Financial Officer
On October 29, 2007, we entered into an employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with our former chief financial officer, Kenneth Vecchione. We describe this agreement because it was in effect for the entirety of 2009 and is reflected in the amounts shown in the Summary Compensation Table, but we note that on February 1, 2010, it was superseded in part by a letter agreement entered into by Mr. Vecchione and Apollo, which we refer to as the separation letter and discuss below.
Under his employment agreement, Mr. Vecchione had been entitled to an annual salary of $1,250,000 (which amount had been increased to $1,293,750) and to an annual bonus target of 100% of his annual salary. The actual amount of Mr. Vecchiones bonus each year was determined by the managing partners in their discretion. During his employment, Mr. Vecchione has been eligible to participate in our employee benefit plans as in effect from time to time. Had his employment been terminated by the company without cause or by him for good reason (as those terms are defined in the employment agreement), the employment agreement would have entitled Mr. Vecchione to severance in an amount equal to 12 months base salary. Upon his termination by the company without cause, by him for good reason, or by reason of death or disability, the employment agreement also provided for additional vesting of his Plan Grant RSUs in an amount equal to the lesser of 50% of his then-unvested Plan Grant RSUs or that number of Plan Grant RSUs scheduled to vest in the next 24 months.
The employment agreement required Mr. Vecchione to protect the confidential information of Apollo both during and after employment and, both during and for a two-year period after employment, to refrain from soliciting employees under the circumstances specified therein or interfering with our relationships with investors and to refrain from competing with us in a business that manages or invests in assets substantially similar to Apollo or its affiliates, whether or not the termination occurs during the term of the agreement or thereafter. The separation letter specifically preserves these obligations, as well as the restrictive covenants contained in his RSU agreement (discussed below under Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control).
In accordance with the separation letter, Mr. Vecchione remained our employee until March 31, 2010, with responsibility for transitioning his duties as our chief financial officer and assisting in the filing of this registration statement. Mr. Vecchiones resignation from Apollo did not entitle him to severance under his employment agreement, and no amounts were paid to him under the employment agreement as a result of his employment termination. However, in consideration for providing the above-described services through his employment termination date, the separation letter entitles Mr. Vecchione to a payment of $893,000, which was paid on March 31, 2010, and to the payment of legal fees incurred in entering into the separation letter. Mr. Vecchione will not receive the portion of his annual bonus that would have been paid to him in the form of a Bonus Grant (described below under Awards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan) had his employment continued.
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Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement with Chief Operating Officer
We entered into an employment, non-competition and non-solicitation agreement with our vice chairman and chief operating officer, Henry Silverman, effective February 1, 2009. The agreements initial term ends on December 31, 2012. Under his employment agreement, Mr. Silverman is entitled to an annual salary of $7,000,000. The agreement provides that during the term, Mr. Silverman will refrain from providing services to or on behalf of any non-Apollo investment fund. We may terminate Mr. Silvermans employment for any reason and Mr. Silverman has the right to terminate his employment voluntarily at any time, in each case following three months notice. If Apollo terminates Mr. Silvermans employment prior to the last day of the term, he will be entitled to receive, in a lump sum in cash, the remaining compensation due to him with respect to his services through the end of the term.
The employment agreement requires Mr. Silverman to protect the confidential information of Apollo both during and after employment, and, both during and for a six-month period after employment, to refrain from soliciting employees under the circumstances specified therein or interfering with our relationships with investors and to refrain from competing with us in a business that manages or invests in assets substantially similar to Apollo or its affiliates, whether or not the termination occurs during the term of the agreement or thereafter.
Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement and Roll-Up Agreement with Managing DirectorCapital Markets
We entered into an employment agreement with our managing director for our capital markets business, James Zelter, on May 15, 2006. The agreement was amended in connection with the Reorganization, when Mr. Zelter entered into a Roll-Up Agreement dated as of July 13, 2007, and this discussion refers to the employment agreement as so amended. The agreement provides Mr. Zelter with the right to participate in net management fee income and incentive income attributable to various funds managed by us. It also entitles Mr. Zelter to carried interests in one of our private equity funds, which carried interest rights are subject to vesting. A portion of Mr. Zelters total annual compensation is payable in the form of a Bonus Grant, as discussed below under the section entitled, Awards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. In connection with the management and incentive income rights provided to him under the employment agreement, Mr. Zelter is required to make significant investments of his own capital in various of our funds.
In the event of his termination without cause (as defined in the applicable partnership agreement) and other than by reason of death or disability, Mr. Zelter will vest in his rights to receive carried interests in the private equity fund in which he received carried interests pursuant to his employment agreement and will continue to receive payments with respect to the other funds in which he has rights to receive management fee and incentive income for one year after his employment termination. With respect to his Apollo Operating Group units, in the event of a termination by the company without cause, by himself for good reason, or due to disability (as these terms are defined in the Roll-Up Agreement) or death, Mr. Zelter will generally vest in additional Apollo Operating Group units equal to one half of his then-unvested Apollo Operating Group units.
Mr. Zelter is subject to the restrictive covenants contained in his Roll-Up Agreement, as discussed under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsRoll-Up Agreements.
Awards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan
On October 23, 2007, we adopted our 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan (described below under 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan). To date, the only awards made under the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan have been grants of RSUs, although we expect to grant options to Mr. Silverman. Grants of RSUs to certain of our named executive officers have been made pursuant to two programs, which we call the Plan Grants and the Bonus Grants. Following the Reorganization, Plan Grants were made to Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam and a broad range of our other employees. The Plan Grants generally vest over six years, with the first installment
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becoming vested approximately one year after grant and the balance vesting thereafter in equal quarterly installments. As we pay ordinary distributions on our outstanding Class A shares, recipients of Plan Grants receive distribution equivalents on their vested RSUs. Once vested, the Class A shares underlying the Plan Grants generally are issued on fixed dates as follows: 7.5% of the interests are generally issued on each of the second, third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of June 2008, with the remaining 70% issued in seven equal installments over the seven calendar quarters beginning June 2014. The administrator of the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan determines when shares issued pursuant to the Plan Grants may be disposed of, except that a participant will generally be permitted to sell shares if necessary to cover taxes. Pursuant to the RSU award agreement provided to them in connection with their Plan Grants, Messrs. Vecchione and Suydam are subject to non-competition restrictions during employment and for up to two years after employment termination.
During the restricted period set forth in a participants award agreement evidencing his Plan Grant, the participant will not (i) engage in any business activity in which the company operates, (ii) render any services to any competitive business or (iii) acquire a financial interest in, or become actively involved with, any competitive business (other than as a passive holding of less than a specified percentage of publicly traded companies). In addition, the grant recipient will be subject to non-solicitation, non-hire and non-interference covenants during employment and for up to two years thereafter. Each grant recipient is generally also bound to a non-disparagement covenant with respect to us and the managing partners and to confidentiality restrictions. Any resignation by a grant recipient shall generally require at least 90 days notice. Any restricted period applicable to the grant recipient will commence after the notice of termination period.
The RSUs advance several goals of our compensation program. The Plan Grants align employee interests with those of our shareholders by making our employees, upon delivery of the underlying Class A shares, shareholders themselves. Because they vest over time, the Plan Grants reward employees for sustained contributions to the company and foster retention. The size of the Plan Grants is determined by the Plan administrator based on the grantees level of responsibility and contributions to the company. The restrictive covenants contained in the RSU agreements reinforce our culture of fiduciary protection of our investors by requiring RSU holders to abide by the provisions regarding non-competition, confidentiality and other limitations on behavior described in the immediately preceding paragraph.
The Bonus Grants are also grants of RSUs under the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. However, the Bonus Grants constitute payment of a portion of the annual compensation payable to certain of our professionals, including Messrs. Zelter, Vecchione and Suydam, subject to the employees continued service through the vesting dates. Bonus Grants differ from Plan Grants in the following principal ways:
|
The RSU Shares underlying Bonus Grants are scheduled to vest in three equal annual installments, on December 31 of the year in which the Bonus Grants are granted, and December 31 of each of the next two years. |
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The RSU Shares underlying Bonus Grants are issued not later than March 15th of the year after the year in which they vest. |
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Distribution equivalents accrue on Bonus Grant RSUs from the grant date, rather than from the vesting date. |
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Bonus Grants do not contain restrictive covenants (however, an individual who has received both a Plan Grant and a Bonus Grant remains subject to the restrictive covenants contained in his or her Plan Grant). |
AAA Unit Awards
In addition to the Plan Grants and Bonus Grants, management companies that manage investments in our funds provide a portion of the compensation paid to certain of their professionals in the form of incentive units that provide the right to receive shares of restricted depositary units of AAA. As discussed above under
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Prospectus SummaryStrategic InvestmentsAP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA), AAA is a publicly-listed, permanent capital vehicle, which invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored funds and other investments. These awards are granted pursuant to the Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan, which is described below under Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan. Mr. Suydam and Mr. Zelter are the only named executive officers to have received grants of AAA incentive units under the plan. Mr. Black received fully vested AAA RDUs as a non-cash distribution in connection with the Reorganization on March 15, 2007 and March 14, 2008. Mr. Zelter also received fully vested RDUs on March 14, 2008. Because AAA invests substantially all of its capital in or alongside Apollo-sponsored entities, funds, and other investments, the RDUs further align the interests of their recipients with those of our investors and shareholders. No RDUs or incentive units providing rights to receive RDUs were granted to our named executive officers in 2009.
The following table presents information regarding the equity-based awards granted to the named executive officers under a plan in 2009. All such awards were granted under the Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan.
Name |
Grant Date |
Stock Awards:
|
Grant Date
($) (2) |
|||
Leon Black |
|
|
|
|||
Kenneth Vecchione |
March 13, 2009 |
60,000 |
136,800 (3) |
|||
Henry Silverman |
|
|
|
|||
James Zelter |
March 13, 2009 |
309,157 |
704,878 |
|||
John Suydam |
March 13, 2009 |
100,000 |
228,000 |
(1) | Represents the aggregate number of Bonus Grant RSUs (one third of which are vested) covering our Class A shares. For a discussion of these grants, please see the discussion above under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. The March 2009 RSU Bonus Grants related primarily to services performed in 2008 but were contingent on continued service through March 13, 2009. |
(2) | Represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the Bonus Grant RSUs granted in 2009, computed in accordance with ASC Topic 718. The amount shown does not reflect compensation actually received, but instead represents the aggregate grant date fair value of the award. |
(3) | At the time of his termination of employment on March 31, 2010, Mr. Vecchione had vested in one third of this stock award and the remainder of the award was forfeited. |
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Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End
The following table presents information regarding the outstanding unvested equity awards made by us to each of our named executive officers on or prior to December 31, 2009.
Name |
Source of Award |
Number of
Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested (#) |
Market or Payout
Value of Unearned Shares, Units or Other Rights That Have Not Vested ($) |
|||||
Leon Black |
Apollo Operating Group Units | 46,054,560 | (1) | 276,327,360 | (6) | |||
Kenneth Vecchione |
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
402,920
40,000 |
(2)
(3) |
2,417,520
240,000 |
(7)
(7) |
|||
Henry Silverman |
| | | |||||
James Zelter |
Apollo Operating Group Units |
1,401,120 | (1) | 8,406,720 | (6) | |||
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
206,105 | (3) | 1,236,630 | (7) | ||||
John Suydam |
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
668,403 | (4) | 4,010,418 | (7) | |||
Apollo Global Management 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan |
66,667 | (3) | 400,002 | (7) | ||||
Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan |
11,111 | (5) | 74,444 | (8) |
(1) | Vest in equal monthly installments over the 72 months beginning January 1, 2007. |
(2) | The first installment (121,354) of these Plan Grant RSUs vested on December 31, 2008 and the remainder vest in 20 equal quarterly installments beginning March 31, 2009. |
(3) | Bonus Grant RSUs that vest in equal annual installments on December 31 of each of 2009, 2010 and 2011. |
(4) | The first installment (286,458) of these Plan Grant RSUs vested on December 31, 2008 and the remainder vest in 18 equal quarterly installments beginning March 31, 2009. |
(5) | AAA incentive units that vest in equal annual installments on December 31 of each of 2008, 2009 and 2010. |
(6) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of unvested Apollo Operating Group units held by the named executive officer by the closing price of $6.00 per Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC on December 31, 2009. |
(7) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of unvested RSUs held by the named executive officer by the closing price of $6.00 per Class A share of Apollo Global Management, LLC on December 31, 2009. The amounts shown for the unvested Plan Grant RSUs do not reflect the discount that would be applied to such RSUs in light of the fact that the holders thereof are not entitled to receive distribution equivalents. |
(8) | Amount calculated by multiplying the number of unvested AAA incentive units held by the named executive officer by the closing price of $6.70 per common unit of AAA on December 31, 2009. |
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Option Exercises and Stock Vested
The following table presents information regarding the number of outstanding initially unvested equity awards made to our named executive officers that vested during 2009. This table depicts three types of equity-based awards:
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Apollo Operating Group units received by Messrs. Black and Zelter, which units vest on a monthly basis over six years; |
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RSUs that vest over three years or six years; and |
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AAA incentive units that vest over three years. |
Stock Awards |
|||||||
Name |
Type of Award |
Number of Shares
Acquired on Vesting (#) |
Value Realized on Vesting
($) |
||||
Leon Black |
Apollo Operating Group Units | 15,351,530 | 52,451,027 | (1) | |||
Kenneth Vecchione |
RSUs |
120,730 | 522,920 | (2) | |||
Henry Silverman |
| | | ||||
James Zelter |
Apollo Operating Group Units |
400,320 | 1,367,760 | (1) | |||
RSUs |
103,052 | 618,312 | (2) | ||||
AAA Incentive Units |
16,667 | 111,669 | (3) | ||||
John Suydam |
RSUs |
224,305 | 963,886 | (2) | |||
AAA Incentive Units |
19,445 | 130,282 | (3) |
(1) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of Apollo Operating Group units beneficially held by the named executive officer that vested on each month-end vesting date in 2009 by the closing price per Class A share on that date. |
(2) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of RSUs held by the named executive officer that vested on each applicable quarter-end or year-end vesting date in 2009 by the closing price per Class A share on that date. Class A shares underlying these vested RSUs are issued to the named executive officer in accordance with the schedules described above under Narrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards TableAwards of Restricted Share Units Under the Equity Plan. |
(3) | Amounts calculated by multiplying the number of AAA incentive units held by the named executive officer that vested on December 31, 2009 by the closing price per AAA common unit on that date. AAA RDUs underlying these vested AAA incentive units were issued to the named executive officer on March 12, 2010. |
Potential Payments upon Termination or Change in Control
None of the named executive officers is entitled to payment or other benefits in connection with a change in control.
Mr. Blacks employment agreement does not provide for severance or other payments or benefits in connection with an employment termination. Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, Mr. Black vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments. For purposes of these vesting provisions, Mr. Black is credited for his employment with us since January 1, 2007. Upon a termination for cause, 50% of his then-unvested Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units will vest. Upon a termination as a result of his death or disability, 100% of his interest shall vest. We may not terminate Mr. Black except for cause or by reason of disability.
Similar to Mr. Black, Mr. Zelter vests in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments, with vesting beginning on January 1, 2007. Pursuant to his Roll-Up Agreement, upon a termination without cause or for good reason or a termination by reason of disability (as such terms are defined in the Roll-Up Agreement) or death, 50% of Mr. Zelters then-unvested Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units will generally vest. In the event of his termination without cause (as defined in the applicable partnership agreement) and other than by reason of death or disability, Mr. Zelter will vest in his rights to receive carried interests in the private equity fund in which he received carried interests pursuant to his employment agreement and will continue to receive payments with respect to the other funds in which he has rights to receive management fee and incentive income for one year after his employment termination.
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Mr. Silvermans employment agreement entitles him to be paid his annual salary through December 31, 2012 if his employment is terminated by Apollo for any reason before such date.
Upon Mr. Suydams employment termination without cause, for good reason or by reason of disability (as such terms are defined in his Plan Grant) or death, 50% of his then-unvested Plan Grant RSUs will vest. Mr. Suydam is not entitled to any severance payments upon his employment termination.
Mr. Vecchiones employment agreement has been superseded in part by his separation letter (which is discussed above under Employment, Non-Competition and Non-Solicitation Agreement, and subsequent Separation Letter, with Former Chief Financial Officer), but his employment agreement provided the basis for the severance shown on the below table, which is measured as of December 31, 2009. Mr. Vecchiones employment agreement provided for 12 months of base salary if he is terminated by the company without cause or he resigns for good reason, contingent upon the effective execution of a general release of claims.
Mr. Vecchiones Plan Grant provides that upon Mr. Vecchiones termination due to his death or disability, by us without cause or by his resignation for good reason, he will vest in the lesser of (i) 50% of those RSUs that remain subject to the award and (ii) those RSUs that would have vested during the 24 months following the date of termination. The administrator of the 2007 Omnibus Equity Plan also may accelerate the vesting of any Plan Grants. As provided in his separation letter, Mr. Vecchione will not receive this additional vesting on his RSUs in connection with his employment termination. Instead, his RSUs were vested only through his employment termination date. The Plan Grant agreement with Mr. Vecchione contains covenants not to disclose or use our confidential information and not to disparage us following termination. In addition, the Plan Grant agreement provides that Mr. Vecchione may not compete with us or solicit our employees during employment and for two years after his resignation and one year following his termination for any other reason, which obligations are affirmed in his separation letter.
Our determination of appropriate severance for Messrs. Silverman and Vecchione under their employment agreements was based on our managing partners subjective assessment of what would be fair and reasonable in the circumstances in light of their responsibilities, historic compensation, prior job experience, and duration of their post-employment noncompetition period and on discussions with them. The severance levels were fixed at the time the agreements were negotiated and signed and are not intended to be a measure of corporate performance at the time of employment termination. Mr. Vecchione voluntarily resigned from Apollo and the separation payment was accordingly made to him pursuant to his February 1, 2010 separation letter rather than his employment agreement.
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The following table lists the estimated amounts that would have been payable to each of our named executive officers in connection with a termination that occurred on the last day of our last completed fiscal year. Although Mr. Vecchiones payments in connection with his termination are now known and are specified in his separation letter, the below information is required to be provided. When listing the potential payments to named executive officers under the plans and agreements described above, we have assumed that the applicable triggering event occurred on December 31, 2009 and that the price per share of our common stock was $6.00, which is equal to the closing price on such date. For purposes of this table, RSU acceleration values are based on the $6.00 closing price.
Name |
Estimated
Value of Cash Payments (Base Salary and Annual Bonus Amounts) ($) (1) |
Estimated
Value of Equity Acceleration ($) |
|||
Leon Black | | 138,163,680 | (2) | ||
Kenneth Vecchione | 1,293,750 | 1,208,760 | (3) | ||
Henry Silverman | 21,000,000 | | |||
James Zelter | | 4,203,360 | (4) | ||
John Suydam | | 2,005,209 | (5) |
(1) | For Messrs. Vecchione and Silverman, the amounts shown apply in the event of an involuntary termination without cause (neither Mr. Vecchione nor Mr. Silverman was entitled on December 31, 2009 to any payment in the event of a voluntary resignation or a termination by reason of death). |
(2) | This amount represents the additional equity vesting that Mr. Black would receive on a termination for cause on December 31, 2009, based on the closing price of a Class A share on such date. Please see our Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End table for information regarding his unvested equity holdings as of December 31, 2009. In the event of Mr. Blacks termination by reason of death or disability, his pecuniary interest in Apollo Operating Group units would vest in full. Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Blacks employment is not subject to termination by the company without cause. |
(3) | This amount represents the additional equity vesting that Mr. Vecchione would have received had his employment been terminated by the company without cause, by reason of his death or disability, or by him for good reason, on December 31, 2009, based on the closing price of a Class A share on such date. Please see our Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End table for information regarding his unvested equity holdings as of December 31, 2009. |
(4) | This amount represents the additional equity vesting that Mr. Zelter would have received in respect of his Apollo Operating Group units had his employment been terminated by the company without cause, by reason of his death or disability, or by him for good reason, on December 31, 2009, based on the closing price of a Class A share on such date. Please see our Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End table for information regarding his unvested equity holdings as of December 31, 2009. Pursuant to his employment agreement, he also would have vested in his carried interest in the private equity fund specified in his employment agreement, which carried interest has been reflected under the column All Other Compensation in the Summary Compensation Table included above and is not included again here. |
(5) | This amount represents the additional equity vesting that Mr. Suydam would have received had his employment been terminated by the company without cause, by reason of his death or disability, or by him for good reason, on December 31, 2009, based on the closing price of a Class A share on such date. Please see our Outstanding Equity at Fiscal Year-End table for information regarding his unvested equity holdings as of December 31, 2009. |
We currently do not have any independent directors. None of our directors receives compensation for his service on our Board. Our directors are the managing partners and our Chief Operating Officer and their compensation is set forth above on the Summary Compensation Table.
2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan
The Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, or the Equity Plan, was adopted on October 23, 2007. The purposes of the Equity Plan are to provide additional incentive to selected employees and directors of, and consultants to, us or our subsidiaries or affiliates, to strengthen their
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commitment, to motivate them to faithfully and diligently perform their responsibilities, to align their interests with those of our Class A shareholders, and to attract and retain competent and dedicated individuals who are essential to the success of our businesses and whose efforts will result in our long-term growth and profitability. To accomplish such purposes, the Equity Plan permits us to make grants of share options, share appreciation rights, restricted shares, RSUs, deferred shares, performance shares, distribution equivalent rights, unrestricted shares and other share-based awards, or any combination of the foregoing.
From the inception of the Equity Plan through December 31, 2009, we have granted to our employees, subject to vesting, RSUs covering a total of 32,030,015 Class A shares (net of forfeited awards). While we may issue restricted shares and other share-based awards in the future to professionals and other employees as a recruiting and retention tool, we have not established specific parameters regarding future grants. Our manager will determine the specific criteria surrounding other equity issuances under the Equity Plan. A total of 52,950,000 Class A shares was initially reserved for issuance under the Equity Plan. The Class A shares reserved under the Equity Plan are increased on the first day of each fiscal year during the Equity Plans term (with the first such increase made as of January 1, 2008) by the lesser of (i) the excess of (a) 15% of the number of outstanding Class A shares and Apollo Operating Group units exchangeable for Class A shares on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year over (b) the number of shares reserved and available for issuance under the Equity Plan as of such date or (ii) such lesser amount by which the administrator may decide to increase the number of Class A shares. The number of shares reserved under the Equity Plan is also subject to adjustment in the event of a share split, share dividend, or other change in our capitalization. Generally, employee shares that are forfeited or canceled from awards under the Equity Plan will be available for future awards.
Administration
The Equity Plan is currently administered by our manager, although it may be administered by either our manager or any committee appointed by our manager (the manager or committee being sometimes referred to as the plan administrator). The plan administrator may interpret the Equity Plan and may prescribe, amend and rescind rules and make all other determinations necessary or desirable for the administration of the Equity Plan. The Equity Plan permits the plan administrator to select the directors, employees and consultants who will receive awards, to determine the terms and conditions of those awards, including but not limited to the exercise price, the number of shares subject to awards, the term of the awards, the performance goals and the vesting schedule applicable to awards, to determine the restrictions applicable to awards of restricted shares or deferred shares and the conditions under which such restrictions will lapse, and to amend the terms and conditions of outstanding awards (except that certain amendments require the approval of the companys shareholders). All partners, employees, directors or consultants of Apollo Global Management, LLC or its subsidiaries or affiliates are eligible to participate in our share incentive plan.
Options
We may issue share options under the Equity Plan. No such options have been granted to date, although we expect to grant share options to Mr. Silverman. The option exercise price of any share options granted under the Equity Plan will be determined by the plan administrator. The term of any share options granted under the Equity Plan will be determined by the plan administrator, but may not exceed ten years. Each share option will be exercisable at such time and pursuant to such terms and conditions as are determined by the plan administrator in the applicable share option agreement. Unless the applicable share option agreement provides otherwise, in the event of an optionees termination of employment or service for any reason other than cause, retirement, disability or death, such optionees share options (to the extent exercisable at the time of such termination) generally will remain exercisable until 90 days after such termination, and then expire. Unless the applicable share option agreement provides otherwise, in the event of an optionees termination of employment or service due to retirement, disability or death, such optionees share options (to the extent exercisable at the time of such termination) generally will remain exercisable until one year after such termination and will then expire. Share options that were not exercisable on the date of termination will expire at the close of business on the date of
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such termination. In the event of an optionees termination of employment or service for cause, such optionees outstanding share options will expire at the commencement of business on the date of such termination.
Restricted Shares and Other Awards
Restricted shares, deferred shares or performance shares and other share-based awards may be granted under the Equity Plan. No such awards (except for RSUs) have been granted to date. The plan administrator will determine the purchase price and performance objectives, if any, with respect to the grant of restricted shares, deferred shares and performance shares. Participants with restricted shares and performance shares that have vested generally have all of the rights of a shareholder; participants generally will not have any rights of a shareholder with respect to deferred shares. Subject to the provisions of the Equity Plan and applicable award agreement, the plan administrator has sole discretion to provide for the lapse of restrictions in installments or the acceleration or waiver of restrictions (in whole or in part) under certain circumstances, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance goals, a participants termination of employment or service or a participants death or disability.
Share Appreciation Rights
Share appreciation rights may also be granted under the Equity Plan. No such awards have been granted to date. These rights may be granted either alone or in conjunction with all or part of any options granted under the Equity Plan, so long as the shares underlying the share appreciation rights are traded on an established securities market within the meaning of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code. The plan administrator will determine the number of shares to be awarded, the price per share and all other conditions of share appreciation rights. The provisions of share appreciation rights need not be the same with respect to each participant. The prospective recipients of share appreciation rights will not have any rights with respect to such awards unless and until such recipient has executed an award agreement. The plan administrator has sole discretion to determine the times at which share appreciation rights are exercisable, and the term of such rights.
Share-Based Awards
Other share-based awards under the Equity Plan include awards that may be denominated in or payable in, or valued in whole or in part by reference to, our Class A shares, including but not limited to RSUs, distribution equivalents, Long Term Incentive Plan, or LTIP, units or performance units, each of which may be subject to the attainment of performance goals, a period of continued employment, or other terms or conditions as permitted under the Equity Plan. LTIP units may be issued pursuant to a separate series of Apollo Operating Group units. LTIP units, which can be granted as free-standing awards or in tandem with other awards under the Equity Plan, will be valued by reference to the value of our Class A shares, and will be subject to such conditions and restrictions as the plan administrator may determine, including continued employment or service, computation of financial metrics and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. If applicable conditions and/or restrictions are not attained, participants would forfeit their LTIP units. LTIP unit awards, whether vested or unvested, may entitle the participant to receive, currently or on a deferred or contingent basis, dividends or dividend equivalent payments with respect to the number of shares of our Class A shares corresponding to the LTIP award or other distributions from the Apollo Operating Group and the plan administrator may provide that such amounts (if any) shall be deemed to have been reinvested in additional Class A shares or LTIP units. The Equity Plan provides that on terms and conditions determined by the plan administrator, including the conversion ratio, the LTIP units granted under those plans in the limited partnership units of the operating and investing entities may be converted into our Class A shares in the same manner as applicable to the managing partners.
Profits Interests
LTIP units may be structured as profits interests for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and we do not expect the grant, vesting or conversion of any profits interests would produce a tax deduction for us. To date, no
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such awards have been granted under the Equity Plan. Profits interests initially would not have full parity, on a per unit basis, with the Apollo Operating Group units with respect to liquidating distributions. Upon the occurrence of specified events, profits interests could over time achieve full parity with the units and therefore accrete to an economic value for the participant equivalent of such units. Ordinarily, we anticipate that each profits interest awarded will be equivalent to an award of one Class A share reserved under the Equity Plan, thereby reducing the number of shares available for other equity awards on a one-for-one basis. However, the plan administrator has the authority under the Equity Plan to determine the number of shares underlying an award of LTIP units in light of all applicable circumstances, including performance-based vesting conditions, operating partnership capital account allocations, to the extent set forth in the partnership agreements for Apollo Operating Group, the Internal Revenue Code or Treasury Regulations, value accretion factors and conversion ratios.
Amendment and Termination
The Equity Plan provides that the manager may amend, alter or terminate the Equity Plan, but no such action may impair the rights of any participant with respect to outstanding awards without the participants consent. The plan administrator may amend an award, prospectively or retroactively, but no such amendment may impair the rights of any participant without the participants consent. Unless the manager determines otherwise, shareholder approval of any such action will be obtained if required to comply with applicable law. The Equity Plan will terminate on the tenth anniversary of the effective date of the Equity Plan.
Registration
We intend to file with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-8 covering the shares issuable under the Equity Plan following the shelf effectiveness date.
Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan
Our Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan (the AAA Plan), which is administered by management companies that employ our investment professionals, provides for the award, to certain of our investment professionals and officers, of incentive units that provide the right to receive RDUs of AAA. AAA is a fund that we manage that is publicly traded on the Euronext Amsterdam and is consolidated in the enclosed financial statements. The AAA Plan Awards are intended to align the interests of their recipients with those of our investors and to bolster retention of our management team because they are generally subject to a vesting schedule. Awards outstanding under the AAA Plan will not be affected by this offering.
The AAA Plan provides for the grant of AAA incentive units, each of which is a unit of measurement deemed for bookkeeping purposes to be equivalent to one AAA RDU. Each RDU represents one common unit of AAA. AAA incentive units are used solely as a device for determining the payment to be made if such units vest pursuant to the AAA Plan and the agreement evidencing the award. Unless otherwise provided in the AAA Plan award agreement, AAA Plan awards typically vest in three equal annual installments beginning on December 31 of the year that they are granted. The RDUs granted under the AAA Plan are currently held by one of our indirect subsidiaries, AAA Holdings, L.P. AAA incentive units may be granted under the AAA Plan by certain management companies affiliated with Apollo Management, L.P. With respect to any award, the AAA Plan is administered by the applicable management company that granted the award. The management companies administer and interpret the AAA Plan with respect to awards they grant, and have the power to determine: (1) who will receive awards under the AAA Plan, (2) the form and substance of grants and the conditions and restrictions (if any) subject to which such grants are made, (3) appropriate adjustments in connection with a reorganization, change in control or certain other events, and (4) the vesting of awards.
A participant generally has no rights as a security holder of AAA, no distribution rights (except as described below) and no voting rights with respect to AAA incentive units and any RDUs underlying or issuable in respect
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of such units until such RDUs are actually issued to and held of record by the participant. However, if any distribution is made in respect of RDUs that the applicable management company determines to be a distribution other than a tax distribution, the applicable management company will credit a participants Plan account with an amount equal to the per-RDU non-tax distribution, multiplied by the total number of outstanding and unpaid AAA incentive units held by the participant as of the date of distribution. Non-tax distributions credited to a participants account are subject to the same vesting, payment and other applicable terms, conditions and restrictions as the AAA incentive units to which the non-tax distribution relates. Any vested AAA incentive units that had not been paid to a participant as of June 7, 2009 were paid on or about that date as an equivalent number of RDUs. The lock-up period applicable to grants made under the AAA Plan expired on June 7, 2009. Unless otherwise provided in a separate agreement between a participant and a management company, a participants unvested AAA incentive units will automatically terminate without payment upon the participants termination of employment or service with the management company. Prior to the time they become vested under the AAA Plan, neither the AAA incentive units nor any interest therein may be sold, assigned or otherwise transferred, except for transfers to the management company that granted the award. The RDUs issuable upon vesting of AAA incentive units are also subject to substantial restrictions on transfer under applicable securities laws and listing requirements, the AAA limited partnership agreement and a lock-up agreement to which participants are required to become a party as a condition to receiving an award under the AAA Plan.
Under our operating agreement, in most circumstances we will indemnify the following persons, to the fullest extent permitted by law, from and against all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts: our manager; any departing manager; any person who is or was an affiliate of our manager or any departing manager; any person who is or was a member, partner, tax matters partner, officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager; any person who is or was serving at the request of our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of our manager or any departing manager as an officer, director, employee, member, partner, agent, fiduciary or trustee of another person; or any person designated by our manager. We have agreed to provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. We have also agreed to provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings. Any indemnification under these provisions will only be out of our assets. We may purchase insurance against liabilities asserted against and expenses incurred by persons for our activities, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify the person against liabilities under our operating agreement.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and certain of our employees which set forth the obligations described above.
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Agreement Among Managing Partners
Our managing partners have entered into the Agreement Among Managing Partners, which provides that each managing partners Pecuniary Interest (as defined below) in the Apollo Operating Group units that he holds indirectly through Holdings shall be subject to vesting. The managing partners own Holdings in accordance with their respective sharing percentages, or Sharing Percentages, as set forth in the Agreement Among Managing Partners. For the purposes of the Agreement Among Managing Partners, Pecuniary Interest means, with respect to each managing partner, the number of Apollo Operating Group units that would be distributable to such managing partner assuming that Holdings was liquidated and its assets distributed in accordance with its governing agreements.
Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, each of Messrs. Harris and Rowan will vest in their interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 60 equal monthly installments, and Mr. Black will vest in his interest in the Apollo Operating Group units in 72 equal monthly installments. Although the Agreement Among Managing Partners was entered into on July 13, 2007, for purposes of its vesting provisions, our managing partners are credited for their employment with us since January 1, 2007. Upon a termination for cause, 50% of such managing partners unvested Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units shall vest. Upon a termination as a result of death or disability (as defined in the Agreement Among Managing Partners) of Messrs. Rowan or Harris, vesting will be calculated using a 60-month vesting schedule and 50% of such managing partners unvested interest shall also vest. Upon a termination as a result of death or disability of Mr. Black, 100% of his interest shall vest. Upon a termination as a result of resignation or retirement, a fraction of such managing partners unvested interest shall vest, the numerator of which is the number of months that have elapsed since January 1, 2007 and the denominator of which is 60 (in the case of Messrs. Harris and Rowan) or 72 (in the case of Mr. Black). We may not terminate a managing partner except for cause or by reason of disability.
Upon a managing partners resignation or termination for any reason, the Pecuniary Interest held by such managing partner that has not vested shall be forfeited as of the applicable Forfeiture Date (as defined below) and the remaining Pecuniary Interest held by such managing partner shall no longer be subject to vesting. None of such interests, or the Forfeited Interests, shall return to or benefit us or the Apollo Operating Group. Forfeited Interests will be allocated within Holdings for the benefit of the managing partners, or the continuing managing partners, who continue to be employed as of the applicable Forfeiture Date, pro rata based upon their relative Sharing Percentages.
For the purposes of the Agreement Among Managing Partners, Forfeiture Date means, as to the Forfeited Interests to be forfeited within Holdings for the benefit of the continuing managing partners, the date which is the earlier of (i) the date that is six months after the applicable date of termination of employment and (ii) the date on or after such termination date that is six months after the date of the latest publicly reported disposition (or deemed disposition subject to Section 16 of the Exchange Act) of equity securities of Apollo by any of the continuing managing partners.
The transfer by a managing partner of any portion of his Pecuniary Interest to a permitted transferee will in no way affect any of his obligations under the Agreement Among Managing Partners (nor will such transfer in any way affect the vesting of such Pecuniary Interest in Apollo Operating Group units ); provided, that all permitted transferees are required to sign a joinder to the Agreement Among Managing Partners in order to bind such permitted transferee to the forfeiture provisions in the Agreement Among Managing Partners.
The managing partners respective Pecuniary Interests in certain funds, or the Heritage Funds, within the Apollo Operating Group are not held in accordance with the managing partners respective Sharing Percentages. Instead, each managing partners Pecuniary Interest in such Heritage Funds is held in accordance with the
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historic ownership arrangements among the managing partners, and the managing partners continue to share the operating income in such Heritage Funds in accordance with their historic ownership arrangement with respect to such Heritage Funds.
The Agreement Among Managing Partners may be amended and the terms and conditions of the Agreement Among Managing Partners may be changed or modified upon the unanimous approval of the managing partners. We, our shareholders (other than the Strategic Investors, as set forth under Lenders Rights AgreementAmendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions) and the Apollo Operating Group have no ability to enforce any provision thereof or to prevent the managing partners from amending the Agreement Among Managing Partners or waiving any forfeiture obligation.
Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement
We have entered into the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement with our managing partners. The Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement provides the managing partners with certain rights with respect to the approval of certain matters and the designation of nominees to serve on our board of directors, as well as registration rights for our securities that they own.
Board Representation
The Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement requires our board of directors, so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, to nominate individuals designated by our manager such that our manager will have a majority of the designees on our board.
Transfer Restrictions
No managing partner may, nor shall any of such managing partners permitted transferees, directly or indirectly, voluntarily effect cumulative transfers of Equity Interests, representing more than: (i) 0.0% of his Equity Interests at any time prior to the second anniversary of the date on which the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part became effective (the shelf effectiveness date), (ii) 7.5% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the second anniversary and prior to the third anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; (iii) 15% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the third anniversary and prior to the fourth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; (iv) 22.5% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the fourth anniversary and prior to the fifth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; (v) 30% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the fifth anniversary and prior to the sixth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date; and (vi) 100% of his Equity Interests at any time on or after the sixth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, other than, in each case, with respect to transfers (a) from one founder to another founder, (b) to a permitted transferee of such managing partner, or (c) in connection with a sale by one or more of our managing partners in one or a related series of transactions resulting in the managing partners owning or controlling, directly or indirectly, less than 50.1% of the economic or voting interests in us or the Apollo Operating Group, or any other person exercising control over us or the Apollo Operating Group by contract, which would include a transfer of control of our manager.
The percentages referenced in the preceding paragraph will apply to the aggregate amount of Equity Interests held by each managing partner (and his permitted transferees) as of July 13, 2007 and adjusted for any additional Equity Interests received by such managing partner upon the forfeiture of Equity Interests by another managing partner. Any Equity Interests received by a managing partner pursuant to the forfeiture provisions of the Agreement Among Managing Partners (described below) will remain subject to the foregoing restrictions in the receiving managing partners hands; provided, that each managing partner shall be permitted to sell without regard to the foregoing restrictions such number of forfeitable interests received by him as are required to pay taxes payable as a result of the receipt of such interests, calculated based on the maximum combined U.S. Federal, New York State and New York City tax rate applicable to individuals; and, provided further, that each managing partner who is not required to pay taxes in the applicable fiscal quarter in which he receives Equity
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Interests as a result of being in the U.S. Federal income tax safe harbor will not effect any such sales prior to the six-month anniversary of the applicable termination date which gave rise to the receipt of such Equity Interests. After six years, each managing partner and his permitted transferees may transfer all of the Equity Interests of such managing partner to any person or entity in accordance with Rule 144, in a registered public offering or in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act. The above transfer restrictions will lapse with respect to a managing partner if such managing partner dies or becomes disabled.
A permitted transferee means, with respect to each managing partner and his permitted transferees, (i) such managing partners spouse, (ii) a lineal descendant of such managing partners parents (or any such descendants spouse), (iii) a charitable institution controlled by such managing partner, (iv) a trustee of a trust (whether inter vivos or testamentary), the current beneficiaries and presumptive remaindermen of which are one or more of such managing partner and persons described in clauses (i) through (iii) above, (v) a corporation, limited liability company or partnership, of which all of the outstanding shares of capital stock or interests therein are owned by one or more of such managing partner and persons described in clauses (i) through (iv) above, (vi) an individual mandated under a qualified domestic relations order, (vii) a legal or personal representative of such managing partner in the event of his death or disability, (viii) any other managing partner with respect to transactions contemplated by the Managing Partner Shareholder Agreement, and (ix) any other managing partner who is then employed by Apollo or any of its affiliates or any permitted transferee of such managing partner in respect of any transaction not contemplated by the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, in each case that agrees in writing to be bound by these transfer restrictions.
Any waiver of the above transfer restrictions may only occur with our consent. As our managing partners control the management of our company, however, they have discretion to cause us to grant one or more such waivers. Accordingly, the above transfer restrictions might not be effective in preventing our managing partners from selling or transferring their Equity Interests.
Indemnity
Carried interest income from our funds can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The managing partners, contributing partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, subject to certain limitations, the obligations of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular managing partners or contributing partners distributions. Pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, we agreed to indemnify each of our managing partners and certain contributing partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that our managing partners and contributing partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that our managing partners, contributing partners and certain other investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made distributions with respect to Fund IV, Fund V and Fund VI, we will be obligated to reimburse our managing partners and certain contributing partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of June 30, 2010, the company had indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI.
Registration Rights
Pursuant to the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement, we have granted Holdings, an entity through which our managing partners and contributing partners own their Apollo Operating Group units, and its permitted transferees the right, under certain circumstances and subject to certain restrictions, to require us to register under the Securities Act our Class A shares held or acquired by them. Under the Managing Partner
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Shareholders Agreement, the registration rights holders (i) will have demand registration rights, exercisable two years after the shelf effectiveness date, but unlimited in number thereafter, which require us to register under the Securities Act the Class A shares that they hold or acquire, (ii) may require us to make available shelf registration statements permitting sales of Class A shares they hold or acquire into the market from time to time over an extended period and (iii) have the ability to exercise certain piggyback registration rights in connection with registered offerings requested by other registration rights holders or initiated by us. We have agreed to indemnify each registration rights holders and certain related parties against any losses or damages resulting from any untrue statement or omission of material fact in any registration statement or prospectus pursuant to which they sell our shares, unless such liability arose from such holders misstatement or omission, and each registration rights holder has agreed to indemnify us against all losses caused by his misstatements or omissions.
Subject to the executive committees approval, each managing partner and each other professional designated by the executive committee may elect to waive a portion of the management fees that he would otherwise be entitled to receive directly or indirectly on a periodic basis from AMH in exchange for a profits interest in the applicable Apollo fund, which is deemed to satisfy a portion of his capital commitment in the amount of such waived amount.
Pursuant to the Roll-Up Agreements, the contributing partners received interests in Holdings, which we refer to as Holdings Units, in exchange for their contribution of assets to the Apollo Operating Group. The Holdings Units received by our contributing partners and any units into which they are exchanged will generally vest over six years in equal monthly installments with additional vesting (i) on death, disability, a termination without cause or a resignation by the contributing partner for good reason, (ii) with consent of BRH, which is controlled by our managing partners, and (iii) in connection with certain other transactions involving sales of interests in us and with transfers by our managing partners in connection with their registration rights to the extent that our contributing partners do not have sufficient vested securities to otherwise allow them to participate pro rata. Holdings Units are subject to a lock-up until two years after the shelf effectiveness date. Thereafter, 7.5% of the Holding Units will become tradable on each of the second, third, fourth and fifth anniversaries of the shelf effectiveness date, with the remaining Holding Units becoming tradable on the sixth anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date or upon subsequent vesting. A Holdings Unit that is forfeited will revert to the managing partners. Our contributing partners have the ability to direct Holdings to exercise Holdings registration rights described above under Managing Partner Shareholders AgreementRegistration Rights.
Our contributing partners are subject to a noncompetition provision for the applicable period of time as follows: (i) if the contributing partner is still providing services as a partner to us on the fifth anniversary of the date of his Roll-Up Agreement, the first anniversary of the date of termination of his service as a partner to us, or (ii) if the contributing partner is terminated for any reason such that he is no longer providing services to us prior to the fifth anniversary of the date of his Roll-Up Agreement, the earlier to occur of (A) the second anniversary of such date of termination and (B) the sixth anniversary of the date of his Roll-Up Agreement. During that period, our contributing partners will be prohibited from (i) engaging in any business activity that we operate in, (ii) rendering any services to any alternative asset management business (other than that of us or our affiliates) that involves primarily ( i.e. , more than 50%) third-party capital or (iii) acquiring a financial interest in, or becoming actively involved with, any competitive business (other than as a passive holding of a specified percentage of publicly traded companies). In addition, our contributing partners will be subject to nonsolicitation, nonhire and noninterference covenants during employment and for two years thereafter. Our contributing partners will also be bound to a nondisparagement covenant with respect to us and our contributing partners and to confidentiality restrictions. Any resignation by any of our contributing partners shall require ninety days notice. Any restricted period applicable to a contributing partner will commence after the ninety day notice of termination period.
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We have entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings under which, subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements described above) upon 60 days written notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner (or certain transferees thereof) has the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through Holdings for our Class A shares and to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept) and distribute the net proceeds of such sale to such managing partner or contributing partner. Under the exchange agreement, to effect the exchange, a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, must then simultaneously exchange one Apollo Operating Group unit (being an equal limited partner interest in each Apollo Operating Group entity) for each Class A share received from our intermediate holding companies. As a managing partner or contributing partner exchanges his Apollo Operating Group units, our interest in the Apollo Operating Group units will be correspondingly increased and the voting power of the Class B share will be correspondingly decreased.
We may, from time to time, at the discretion of our manager, provide the opportunity for Holdings and any other holders of Apollo Operating Group units at such time to sell Apollo Operating Group units to us, provided that the aggregate amount of designated quarterly dates for exchanges and such opportunities for the sale of such units may not exceed four. We will use an independent, third-party valuation expert for purposes of determining the purchase price of any such purchases of Apollo Operating Group units.
With respect to any exchange by a managing partner or contributing partner of Apollo Operating Group units (together with the corresponding interest in our Class B share) that he owns through Holdings for our Class A shares in a taxable transaction, each of Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and the Apollo Operating Group entities controlled by Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. has made an election under Section 754 of the Internal Revenue Code, which may result in an adjustment to the tax basis of a portion of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. The taxable exchanges may result in increases in the tax depreciation and amortization deductions from depreciable and amortizable assets, as well as an increase in the tax basis of other assets, of the Apollo Operating Group that otherwise would not have been available. A portion of these increases in tax depreciation and amortization deductions, as well as the increase in the tax basis of such other assets, will reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future. Additionally, our acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units from the managing partners or contributing partners, such as our acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units from the managing partners in the Strategic Investors Transaction, may result in increases in tax deductions and tax basis that reduces the amount of tax that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to pay in the future.
APO Corp. has entered into a tax receivable agreement with our managing partners and contributing partners that provides for the payment by APO Corp. to an exchanging or selling managing partner or contributing partner of 85% of the amount of actual cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign income tax that APO Corp. realizes (or is deemed to realize in the case of an early termination payment by APO Corp. or a change of control, as discussed below) as a result of these increases in tax deductions and tax basis, and certain other tax benefits, including imputed interest expense, related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. APO Corp. expects to benefit from the remaining 15% of actual cash savings, if any, in income tax that it realizes. For purposes of the tax receivable agreement, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing our actual income tax liability to the amount of such taxes that APO Corp. would have been required to pay had there been no increase to the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of the applicable Apollo Operating Group entity as a result of the transaction and had APO Corp. not entered into the tax receivable agreement. The tax savings achieved may not ensure that we have sufficient cash available to pay our tax liability or generate additional distributions to our investors. Also, we may need to incur additional debt to repay the tax
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receivable agreement if our cash flows are not met. The term of the tax receivable agreement will continue until all such tax benefits have been utilized or expired, unless APO Corp. exercises the right to terminate the tax receivable agreement by paying an amount based on the present value of payments remaining to be made under the agreement with respect to units that have been exchanged or sold and units which have not yet been exchanged or sold. Such present value will be determined based on certain assumptions, including that APO Corp. would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions that would have arisen from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. No payments will be made if a managing partner or contributing partner elects to exchange his or her Apollo Operating Group units in a tax-free transaction. In the event that other of our current or future subsidiaries become taxable as corporations and acquire Apollo Operating Group units in the future, or if we become taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, each will become subject to a tax receivable agreement with substantially similar terms. In connection with the amendment of the AMH partnership agreement in April of 2010, the tax receivable agreement has been revised to reflect the managing partners agreement to defer 25% of required payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement that is attributable to the 2010 fiscal year for a period of four years. For more information about the amendment to the AMH partnership agreement and tax receivable agreement, see Special Allocation of AMH Income below.
The IRS could challenge our claim to any increase in the tax basis of the assets owned by the Apollo Operating Group that results from the exchanges entered into by the managing partners or contributing partners. The IRS could also challenge any additional tax depreciation and amortization deductions or other tax benefits we claim as a result of such increase in the tax basis of such assets. If the IRS were to successfully challenge a tax basis increase or tax benefits we previously claimed from a tax basis increase, our managing partners and contributing partners would not be obligated under the tax receivable agreement to reimburse APO Corp. for any payments previously made to it (although future payments would be adjusted to reflect the result of such challenge). As a result, in certain circumstances, payments could be made to our managing partners and contributing partners under the tax receivable agreement in excess of 85% of APO Corp.s actual cash tax savings. In general, estimating the amount of payments that may be made to our managing partners and contributing partners under the tax receivable agreement is by its nature, imprecise, in the absence of an actual transaction, insofar as the calculation of amounts payable depends on a variety of factors. The actual increase in tax basis and the amount and timing of any payments under the tax receivable agreement will vary depending upon a number of factors, including:
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the timing of the transactionsfor instance, the increase in any tax deductions will vary depending on the fair market value, which may fluctuate over time, of the depreciable or amortizable assets of the Apollo Operating Group entities at the time of the transaction; |
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the price of our Class A shares at the time of the transactionthe increase in any tax deductions, as well as tax basis increase in other assets, of the Apollo Operating Group entities, is directly proportional to the price of the Class A shares at the time of the transaction; |
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the taxability of exchangesif an exchange is not taxable for any reason, increased deductions will not be available; and |
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the amount and timing of our incomeAPO Corp. will be required to pay 85% of the tax savings as and when realized, if any. If APO Corp. does not have taxable income, it is not required to make payments under the tax receivable agreement for that taxable year because no tax savings were actually realized. |
In addition, the tax receivable agreement provides that, upon a merger, asset sale or other form of business combination or certain other changes of control, APO Corp.s (or its successors) obligations with respect to exchanged or acquired units (whether exchanged or acquired before or after such change of control) would be based on certain assumptions, including that APO Corp. would have sufficient taxable income to fully utilize the deductions arising from the increased tax deductions and tax basis and other benefits related to entering into the tax receivable agreement. As noted above, no payments will be made if a managing partner or contributing partner elects to exchange his or her Apollo Operating Group units in a tax-free transaction.
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Strategic Investors Transaction
On July 13, 2007, we sold securities to the Strategic Investors in return for a total investment of $1.2 billion. Through our intermediate holding companies, we used all of the proceeds from the issuance of such securities to the Strategic Investors to purchase from our managing partners 17.4% of their Apollo Operating Group units for an aggregate purchase price of $1,068 million, and to purchase from our contributing partners a portion of their points for an aggregate purchase price of $156 million. The Strategic Investors hold non-voting Class A shares, which will represent % of our issued and outstanding Class A shares and % of the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group, in each case immediately after the offering. Based on our agreement with the Strategic Investors, we will distribute to the Strategic Investors the greater of 7% on the convertible notes issued or a pro rata portion of our net income for our fiscal year 2007, based on (i) their proportionate interests in Apollo Operating Group units during the period after the Strategic Investors Transaction and prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions, and (ii) the number of days elapsed during such period. For this purpose, income attributable to carried interest on private equity funds related to either carry-generating transactions that closed prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions or carry-generating transactions in respect of which a definitive agreement was executed, but that did not close, prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions shall be treated as having been earned prior to the date of the Private Offering Transactions. On August 8, 2007, we paid approximately $6 million in interest expense on the convertible notes and as a result of our net loss we have no further obligations for 2007 to pay the Strategic Investors.
As all of their holdings in us are non-voting, neither of the Strategic Investors has any means for exerting control over our company.
Strategic Relationship Agreement
On April 20, 2010, we announced a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS, whereby we agreed to reduce management fees and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds we manage, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit. The agreement further provides that we will not use a placement agent in connection with securing any future capital commitments from CalPERS.
In connection with the Strategic Investors Transaction, we entered into a shareholders agreement, or the Lenders Rights Agreement, with the Strategic Investors.
Transfer Restrictions
Except in connection with the drag-along covenants provided for in the Lenders Rights Agreement, prior to the second anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor may not transfer its rights, other than to an Investor Permitted Transferee, as defined below, without the prior written consent of our managing partners.
Following the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor may transfer its non-voting Class A shares up to the percentages set forth below during the relevant periods identified:
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, at no time following the shelf effectiveness date may a Strategic Investor make a transfer representing 2% or more of our total Class A share to any one person or group of related persons.
An Investor Permitted Transferee shall include any entity controlled by, controlling or under common control with a Strategic Investor, or certain of its affiliates so long as such entity continues to be an affiliate of the Strategic Investor at all times following such transfer.
Registration Rights
Pursuant to the Lenders Rights Agreement, following the second anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor shall be afforded four demand registrations with respect to non-voting Class A shares, covering offerings of at least 2.5% of our total equity ownership and customary piggyback registration rights. All cut-backs between the Strategic Investors, the CS Investor and Holdings (or its members) in any such demand registration shall be pro rata based upon the number of shares available for sale at such time (regardless of which party exercises a demand).
Amendments to Managing Partner Transfer Restrictions
Each Strategic Investor has a consent right with respect to any amendment or waiver of any transfer restrictions that apply to our managing partners.
Private Placement Shareholders Agreement
In connection with the Private Placement, we entered into a shareholders agreement with the CS Investor. The shareholders agreement provides for a lock-up period applicable to the CS Investors Class A shares for one year from August 8, 2007. The CS Investor has three demand registration rights, exercisable after expiration of its lock-up period, and customary piggyback registration rights. The CS Investor has exercised its demand rights and is participating as a selling shareholder in this prospectus.
Our Operating Agreement and Apollo Operating Group Limited Partnership Agreements
Please see the section entitled Description of SharesOperating Agreement for a description of our Operating Agreement.
Pursuant to the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships, the wholly-owned subsidiaries of Apollo Global Management, LLC that are the general partners of those partnerships have the right to determine when distributions will be made to the partners of the Apollo Operating Group and the amount of any such distributions. If a distribution is authorized, such distribution will be made to the partners of Apollo Operating Group pro rata in accordance with their respective partnership interests.
The partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships also provide that substantially all of our expenses, including substantially all expenses solely incurred by or attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC (such as expenses incurred in connection with the Private Offering Transactions), will be borne by the Apollo Operating Group; provided that obligations incurred under the tax receivable agreement by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries (which currently consist of our three intermediate holding companies, APO Corp., APO (FC), LLC and APO Asset Co., LLC), income tax expenses of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and indebtedness incurred by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries shall be borne solely by Apollo Global Management, LLC and its wholly-owned subsidiaries.
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Special Allocation of AMH Income
AMHs partnership agreement has been amended to provide that 100% of AMHs 2009 taxable income in excess of the amount of its distribution to Holdings in September 2009 and 100% of AMHs 2010 taxable income will be specially allocated to APO Corp. (the Special Allocation). As a result, APO Corp.s allocation of AMHs 2009 and 2010 taxable income was increased from approximately 28.49% to 72.46% and 100%, respectively, and Holdings allocation of AMHs 2009 and 2010 taxable income was decreased from approximately 71.51% to 27.54% and 0%, respectively. The amendments to AMHs partnership agreement also provided that APO Corp. will be entitled to receive a priority distribution equal to the total amount of income specially allocated to APO Corp. pursuant to the Special Allocation (the Special Distribution). The initial payments of the Special Distribution will be sufficient to allow APO Corp. to make TRA Payments (as defined below) with respect to the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years, including deferred payments. The balance of the Special Distribution will be payable only upon a liquidation or deemed liquidation of AMH. The AMH partnership agreement was also amended to provide that the Special Allocation and Special Distribution may be effectively reversed, in whole or in part, upon a book-up event, as described below.
Under the AMH partnership agreement, AMH partners are entitled to receive distributions of available cash from AMH sufficient to cover the portion of their tax liabilities not otherwise covered by other AMH distributions during that fiscal year. Because APO Corp. has net operating losses (NOLs) that it can use to offset its tax liability each year, the need for tax distributions will be eliminated during the period covered by the Special Allocation, which allows AMH to retain more cash for use in the Apollo business.
As a result of the Special Allocation, a portion of APO Corp.s required payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement (the TRA Payments) to each of the managing partners and contributing partners will be accelerated to the period covered by the Special Allocation. The number of future periods from which these TRA Payments will be accelerated depends on the amount of taxable income generated by APO Corp. in those future periods. In order for APO Corp. to make the TRA Payments to the managing partners and contributing partners with respect to the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years, AMH will be required to make distributions to APO Corp. The total amount of these distributions will be less than the total amount of the tax distributions that would otherwise have been made with respect to the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years absent the Special Allocation. In addition, each of the managing partners has agreed to defer 25% of the TRA Payments payable to him that is attributable to the 2010 fiscal year for a period of four years, which will reduce the amount of TRA Payments that APO Corp. would otherwise be required to make in 2011. The cash that would otherwise be paid to the managing partners will be retained by AMH for use in the Apollo business. For more information about the tax receivable agreement, see Tax Receivable Agreement above.
Although APO Corp. will need to use a greater portion of its NOLs during the 2009 and 2010 fiscal years as a result of the Special Allocation, 85% of the NOLs represents a liability of APO Corp. to the managing partners and contributing partners equal to the amount of APO Corp.s required TRA Payments. As a result, only 15% of the APO Corp.s NOLs are left available for APO Corp.s own benefit. In addition, the Special Distribution described above permits APO Corp. to discharge a portion of its liability for the TRA Payments with cash made available to it by AMH, without a corresponding pro rata distribution made to Holdings. As part of amending the AMH partnership agreement, Holdings waived its right to receive its pro rata portion (71.51% to APO Corp.s 28.49%, as of December 31, 2009) of any Special Distribution. In other words, a substantial portion of the accelerated liability that APO Corp. must pay the TRA Holders as a result of the Special Allocation will be borne by Holdings; although such portion is expected to remain substantial, it will decline over time as Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is diluted by future issuances of our Class A shares to persons other than Holdings (such as the issuances by us in the offering).
The Special Allocation may be effectively reversed in the future, in whole or in part, if AMH has a book-up event for tax purposes. A book-up event may only occur at certain times specified by applicable IRS regulations (such as a sale of AMH, a substantial new issuance of AMH interests or a substantial, non-pro rata redemption of
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AMH interests) and only if the fair value of AMHs net assets are greater than the aggregate book value of its capital accounts at that time. If and when this occurs, Holdings will be allocated a larger portion of AMHs future book income appreciation (and a corresponding larger portion of certain taxable income) in order to compensate it, to the extent of the book-up, for the reduced income allocation it received under the 2009 and 2010 Special Allocation. If the book-up event takes place, and is sufficiently large, then the income allocated to APO Corp. via the Special Allocation and the income allocated to Holdings via the book-up event would result in no net effect to APO Corp.s and Holdings allocation of taxable income.
Please see the section entitled ManagementNarrative Disclosure to the Summary Compensation Table and Grants of Plan-Based Awards Table for a description of these agreements.
In the normal course of business, our personnel have made use of aircraft owned as personal assets by Messrs. Black and Rowan. Messrs. Black and Rowan paid for their purchases of the aircraft and bear all operating, personnel and maintenance costs associated with their operation for personal use. Payment by us for the business use of these aircraft by Messrs. Black and Rowan and other of our personnel is made at market rates, which totaled $59,290 and $632,503 for 2009 and 2010, respectively, for Mr. Black, and $2,043,080 and $1,930,759 for 2009 and 2010, respectively, for Mr. Rowan. In addition, Mr. Harris makes business and personal use of various aircraft in which we have fractional interests, and pays the aggregate incremental cost of his personal usage. The total amount paid by Mr. Harris for this personal usage was $409,683 and $448,135 for 2009 and 2010, respectively. The transactions described herein are not material to the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Statement of Policy Regarding Transactions with Related Persons
Our board of directors has adopted a written statement of policy regarding transactions with related persons, which we refer to as our related person policy. Our related person policy requires that a related person (as defined as in paragraph (a) of Item 404 of Regulation S-K) must promptly disclose to our Chief Legal Officer any related person transaction (defined as any transaction that is reportable by us under Item 404(a) of Regulation S-K in which we were or are to be a participant and the amount involved exceeds $120,000 and in which any related person had or will have a direct or indirect material interest) and all material facts with respect thereto. Our Chief Legal Officer will then promptly communicate that information to our manager. No related person transaction will be consummated without the approval or ratification of the executive committee of our manager or any committee of our board of directors consisting exclusively of disinterested directors. It is our policy that persons interested in a related person transaction will recuse themselves from any vote of a related person transaction in which they have an interest.
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The following table sets forth information regarding the current beneficial ownership of our Class A shares by (i) each person known to us to beneficially own more than 5% of voting Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC, (ii) each of our directors, (iii) each of our named executive officers and (iv) all directors and executive officers as a group.
None of our managing partners directly own our Class A shares, Class B share or the Apollo Operating Group units. BRH, the entity through which our managing partners hold the Class B share, will directly own the Class B share, currently representing 240,000,000 votes, or % of our voting control immediately after the offering. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner, through Holdings, exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his limited partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share is proportionately reduced. Holdings, the entity through which our managing partners and the contributing partners hold their Apollo Operating Group units, will directly own 240,000,000 Apollo Operating Group units, representing % of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group immediately after the offering. The percentage of beneficial ownership assumes the underwriters do not exercise their over-allotment options to purchase additional Class A shares from us and/or the selling shareholders.
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. To our knowledge, each person named in the table below has sole voting and investment power with respect to all of the Class A shares and interests in our Class B share shown as beneficially owned by such person, except as otherwise set forth in the notes to the table and pursuant to applicable community property laws. Unless otherwise indicated, the address of each person named in the table is c/o Apollo Global Management, LLC, 9 West 57 th Street, New York, NY 10019.
In respect of our Class A shares, the table set forth below assumes the exchange by Holdings of all Apollo Operating Group units for our Class A shares with respect to which the person listed below has the right to direct such exchange pursuant to the exchange agreement described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsExchange Agreement, and the distribution of such shares to such person as a limited partner of Holdings.
Amount and Nature of Beneficial Ownership | ||||||||||||||||||||
Class A Shares Beneficially Owned | Class B Share Beneficially Owned | |||||||||||||||||||
Prior to this Offering | After this Offering |
Total Percentage
of Voting Power After this Offering (2) |
Total Percentage
of Voting Power After this Offering (2) |
|||||||||||||||||
Number of
Shares |
Percent (1) |
Number of
Shares |
Percent (1) |
Number of
Shares |
Percent | |||||||||||||||
Leon Black (3)(4) |
92,727,166 | 48.6 | % | 92,727,166 | % | % | 1 | 100 | % | % | ||||||||||
Joshua Harris (3)(4) |
59,008,262 | 37.6 | 59,008,262 | 1 | 100 | |||||||||||||||
Marc Rowan (3)(4) |
59,008,262 | 37.6 | 59,008,262 | 1 | 100 | |||||||||||||||
Kenneth Vecchione (5) |
* | * | * | * | * | | | N/A | ||||||||||||
Henry Silverman |
| | | | N/A | | | N/A | ||||||||||||
James Zelter |
2,504,972 | 2.5 | 2,504,972 | | | N/A | ||||||||||||||
John Suydam |
* | * | * | * | * | | | N/A | ||||||||||||
All directors and executive officers as a group (eight persons) |
213,248,662 | 68.5 | 213,248,662 | 1 | 100 | |||||||||||||||
BRH (4) |
| | | | N/A | 1 | 100 | |||||||||||||
AP Professional Holdings, L.P. (6) |
240,000,000 | 71.0 | 240,000,000 | | | N/A | ||||||||||||||
Credit Suisse Management LLC (7) |
7,500,000 | 7.7 | | | N/A | |||||||||||||||
Goldman, Sachs & Co. (8) |
5,981,809 | 6.1 | | | N/A |
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* | Represents less than 1%. |
(1) | The percentage of beneficial ownership of our Class A shares is based on voting and non-voting Class A shares outstanding. |
(2) | The total percentage of voting power is based on voting Class A shares and the Class B share, in each case immediately after this offering. |
(3) | Does not include any Class A shares owned by Holdings with respect to which this individual, as one of the three owners of all of the interests in BRH, the general partner of Holdings, or as a party to the Agreement Among Managing Partners described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsAgreement Among Managing Partners or the Managing Partner Shareholders Agreement described under Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders Agreement, may be deemed to have shared voting or dispositive power. Each of these individuals disclaim any beneficial ownership of these shares, except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein. |
(4) | BRH, the holder of the Class B share, is one third owned by Mr. Black, one third owned by Mr. Harris and one third owned by Mr. Rowan. Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, the Class B share is to be voted and disposed by BRH based on the determination of at least two of the three managing partners; as such, they share voting and dispositive power with respect to the Class B share. |
(5) | Kenneth Vecchione resigned from his position as chief financial officer effective January 22, 2010. |
(6) | Assumes that no Class A shares are distributed to the limited partners of Holdings. The general partner of AP Professional Holdings, L.P. is BRH, which is one third owned by Mr. Black, one third owned by Mr. Harris and one third owned by Mr. Rowan. BRH is also the general partner of BRH Holdings, L.P., the limited partnership through which Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan hold their limited partnership interests in AP Professional Holdings, L.P. Each of these individuals disclaim any beneficial ownership of these Class A shares, except to the extent of their pecuniary interest therein. |
(7) | Credit Suisse Management LLC has the following address: 11 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10010. |
(8) | Goldman, Sachs & Co. has the following address: 85 Broad Street, New York, New York 10010. |
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The following table sets forth certain information regarding Class A shares held by each selling shareholder as of the date of this prospectus.
Class A Shares Beneficially Owned Prior to this Offering |
Number of
Class A Shares Being Offered |
Class A Shares Beneficially
Owned After this Offering |
||||||||
Selling Shareholder |
Number of Class A Shares |
Percent |
Number of
Class A Shares |
Percent |
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CONFLICTS OF INTEREST AND FIDUCIARY RESPONSIBILITIES
Conflicts of interest exist and may arise in the future as a result of the relationships between our manager and its affiliates (including our managing partners), on the one hand, and us and our Class A shareholders, on the other hand.
Whenever a potential conflict arises between our manager or its affiliates, on the one hand, and us or any Class A shareholders, on the other hand, our manager will resolve that conflict. Our operating agreement contains provisions that reduce and eliminate our managers duties (including fiduciary duties) to the Class A shareholders. Our operating agreement also restricts the remedies available to Class A shareholders for actions taken that without those limitations might constitute breaches of duty (including fiduciary duties).
Under our operating agreement, our manager will not be in breach of its obligations under the operating agreement or its duties to us or our Class A shareholders if the resolution of the conflict is:
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approved by a conflicts committee of our board of directors comprised entirely of independent directors, although we currently do not have such a committee, and if and when we do have such a committee, our manager is not obligated to seek its approval; |
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approved by the vote of a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting shares, excluding any voting shares owned by our manager or its affiliates, although our manager is not obligated to seek the approval of our Class A shareholders; |
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on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or |
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fair and reasonable to us, taking into account the totality of the relationships among the parties involved, including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to us. |
If our manager does not seek approval from a conflicts committee of our board of directors or our Class A shareholders and it determines that the resolution or course of action taken with respect to the conflict of interest satisfies either of the standards set forth in the third and fourth bullet points above, then it will be presumed that in making its decision our manager acted in good faith, and in any proceeding brought by or on behalf of any shareholder or us or any other person bound by our operating agreement, the person bringing or prosecuting such proceeding will have the burden of overcoming such presumption. Unless the resolution of a conflict is specifically provided for in our operating agreement, our manager or a conflicts committee of our board of directors may consider any factors it determines in good faith to consider when resolving a conflict. Our operating agreement provides that our manager will be conclusively presumed to be acting in good faith if our manager subjectively believes that the decision made or not made is in the best interests of the company.
The standards set forth in the four bullet points above establish the procedures by which conflict of interest situations are to be resolved pursuant to our operating agreement. These procedures benefit our manager by providing our manager with significant flexibility with respect to its ability to make decisions and pursue actions involving conflicts of interest. Given the significant flexibility afforded our manager to resolve conflicts of interestincluding that our manager has the right to determine not to seek the approval of Class A shareholders with respect to the resolution of such conflictsour manager may resolve conflicts of interests pursuant to the operating agreement in a manner that Class A shareholders may not believe to be in their or in our best interests. Neither our Class A shareholders nor we will have any recourse against our manager if our manager satisfies one of the standards described in the four bullet points above.
In addition to the provisions relating to conflicts of interest, our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or otherwise applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides
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that when our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable, then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting us or any Class A shareholders and will not be subject to any different standards imposed by the operating agreement, the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act or under any other law, rule or regulation or in equity. These modifications of fiduciary duties are expressly permitted by Delaware law. Hence, we and our Class A shareholders will only have recourse and be able to seek remedies against our manager if our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement. Unless our manager breaches its obligations pursuant to our operating agreement, we and our Class A shareholders will not have any recourse against our manager even if our manager were to act in a manner that was inconsistent with traditional fiduciary duties. Furthermore, even if there has been a breach of the obligations set forth in our operating agreement, our operating agreement provides that our manager and its officers and directors will not be liable to us or our Class A shareholders for errors of judgment or for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that our manager or its officers and directors acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. These modifications are detrimental to the Class A shareholders because they restrict the remedies available to Class A shareholders for actions that without those limitations might constitute breaches of duty (including fiduciary duty).
Conflicts of interest could arise in the situations described below, among others.
Actions taken by our manager may affect the amount of cash flow from operations available for distribution to our Class A shareholders.
The amount of cash flow from operations that is available for distribution to our Class A shareholders is affected by decisions of our manager regarding such matters as:
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amount and timing of cash expenditures, including those relating to compensation; |
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amount and timing of investments and dispositions; |
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indebtedness; |
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tax matters; |
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reserves; and |
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issuance of additional equity securities, including Class A shares, or additional Apollo Operating Group units. |
In addition, borrowings by us and our affiliates do not constitute a breach of any duty owed by our manager to our Class A shareholders. Our operating agreement provides that we and our subsidiaries may borrow funds from our manager and its affiliates on terms that are fair and reasonable to us, provided, however, that such borrowings will be deemed to be fair and reasonable if (i) they are approved in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement, (ii) the terms are no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties or (iii) the terms are fair and reasonable to us, taking into account the totality of the relationship between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to us).
We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for expenses.
Our manager will not have any business activities other than managing and operating us. We will reimburse our manager and its affiliates for all costs incurred in managing and operating us, and our operating agreement provides that our manager will determine the expenses that are allocable to us. Although there are no ceilings on the expenses for which we will reimburse our manager and its affiliates, the expenses to which they may be entitled to reimbursement from us are expected to be immaterial.
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Our manager intends to limit its liability regarding our obligations.
Our manager intends to limit its liability under contractual arrangements so that the other party has recourse only to our assets, and not against our manager, its assets or its owners. Our operating agreement provides that any action taken by our manager to limit its liability or our liability is not a breach of our managers fiduciary duties, even if we could have obtained more favorable terms without the limitation on liability.
Class A shareholders will have no right to enforce obligations of our manager and its affiliates under agreements with us.
Any agreements between us, on the one hand, and our manager and its affiliates, on the other, will not grant to the Class A shareholders, separate and apart from us, the right to enforce the obligations of our manager and its affiliates in our favor.
Contracts between us, on the one hand, and our manager and its affiliates, on the other, will not be the result of arms-length negotiations.
Our operating agreement allows our manager to determine in its sole discretion any amounts to pay itself or its affiliates for any services rendered to us. Our manager may also enter into additional contractual arrangements with any of its affiliates on our behalf. Neither the operating agreement nor any of the other agreements, contracts and arrangements between us on the one hand, and our manager and its affiliates on the other, are or will be the result of arms-length negotiations.
Our manager will determine the terms of any of these transactions entered into on terms that are fair and reasonable to us.
Our manager and its affiliates have no obligation to permit us to use any facilities or assets of our manager and its affiliates, except as may be provided in contracts entered into specifically dealing with that use. There will not be any obligation of our manager and its affiliates to enter into any contracts of this kind.
We may not choose to retain separate counsel for ourselves or for the holders of Class A shares.
The attorneys, independent auditors and others who have performed services for us regarding this offering have been retained by our manager. Attorneys, independent auditors and others who will perform services for us will be selected by our manager and may perform services for our manager and its affiliates. We may retain separate counsel for ourselves or the holders of our Class A shares in the event of a conflict of interest between our manager and its affiliates, on the one hand, and us or the holders of our Class A shares, on the other, depending on the nature of the conflict, but are not required to do so.
Our managers affiliates may compete with us.
Our operating agreement provides that our manager will be restricted from engaging in any business activities other than those incidental to its ownership of interests in us. Except as provided in the non-competition and non-solicitation agreements to which our managing directors are subject, affiliates of the manager, including our managing directors, are not prohibited from engaging in other businesses or activities, including those that might be in direct competition with us.
Certain of our subsidiaries have obligations to investors in our funds that may conflict with your interests.
Our subsidiaries that serve as the managers of our funds have fiduciary and contractual obligations to the investors in those funds. As a result, we expect to regularly take actions with respect to the allocation of investments among our funds (including funds that have different fee structures), the purchase or sale of investments in our funds, the structuring of investment transactions for those funds, the advice we provide or
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otherwise that comply with these fiduciary and contractual obligations. In addition, our managing directors have made personal investments in a variety of our funds, which may result in conflicts of interest among investors in our funds and our Class A shareholders regarding investment decisions for these funds. Some of these actions might at the same time adversely affect our near-term results of operations or cash flow.
U.S. Federal income tax considerations of our managing directors may conflict with your interests.
Because our managing directors hold their Apollo Operating Group units through entities that are not subject to corporate income taxation, and Apollo Global Management, LLC holds Apollo Operating Group units through wholly-owned subsidiaries, one of which is subject to corporate income taxation, conflicts may arise between our managing directors and Apollo Global Management, LLC relating to the selection and structuring of investments. Our Class A holders will be deemed to expressly acknowledge that our manager is under no obligation to consider the separate interests of our Class A shareholders (including without limitation the tax consequences to Class A holders) in deciding whether to cause us to take (or decline to take) any actions.
The Delaware Limited Liability Company Act or, the Delaware LLC Act, provides that Delaware limited liability companies may in their operating agreements expand, restrict or eliminate the duties, including fiduciary duties, otherwise owed by a manager to the limited liability company.
Our operating agreement contains various provisions modifying, restricting and eliminating the duties, including fiduciary duties, that might otherwise be owed by our manager. We have adopted these restrictions to allow our manager and its affiliates to engage in transactions with us that might otherwise be prohibited by state-law fiduciary duty standards and to take into account the interests of other parties in addition to our interests when resolving conflicts of interest. These modifications are detrimental to our Class A shareholders because they restrict the remedies available to our Class A shareholders for actions that, without those limitations, might constitute breaches of duty, including a fiduciary duty, as described below, and they permit our manager to take into account the interests of third parties in addition to our interests when resolving conflicts of interest.
The following is a summary of the material restrictions of the fiduciary duties owed by our manager to our Class A shareholders:
General
Operating Agreement Modified Standards |
Our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides that when our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a |
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decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any factors affecting us or any members, including our Class A shareholders, and will not be subject to any different standards imposed by the operating agreement, the Delaware LLC Act or under any other law, rule or regulation or in equity. In addition, when our manager is acting in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our manager, it may act without any fiduciary obligation to us or the Class A shareholders whatsoever. These standards reduce the obligations to which our manager would otherwise be held. |
In addition, our operating agreement provides that our manager and its officers and directors will not be liable to us, our members (including our Class A shareholders), or assignees for errors of judgment or for any acts or omissions unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that the manager or its officers and directors acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. |
Special Provisions Regarding Affiliated Transactions
Our operating agreement generally provides that affiliated transactions and resolutions of conflicts of interest not involving a vote of Class A shareholders and that are not approved by the conflicts committee of the board of directors of our manager or by our Class A shareholders must be: |
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on terms no less favorable to us than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or |
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fair and reasonable to us taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to us). |
If our manager does not seek approval from the conflicts committee or our Class A shareholders and the board of directors of our manager determines that the resolution or course of action taken with respect to the conflict of interest satisfies either of the standards set forth in the bullet points above, then it will be presumed that in making its decision, the board of directors acted in good faith, and in any proceeding brought by or on behalf of any member, including our Class A shareholders, or any other person bound by our operating agreement, the person bringing or prosecuting such proceeding will have the burden of overcoming such presumption. These standards reduce the obligations to which our manager would otherwise be held. |
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Rights and Remedies of Class A Shareholders |
The Delaware LLC Act generally provides that a member or an assignee of a limited liability company interest may institute legal action on behalf of the limited liability company to recover damages from a third party where a manager has refused to institute the action or where an effort to cause a manager to do so is not likely to succeed. In addition, the statutory or case law of some jurisdictions may permit a member or an assignee of a limited liability company interest to institute legal action on behalf of himself and all other similarly situated members or assignees to recover damages from a manager for violations of its fiduciary duties to the members or assignees. |
By purchasing our Class A shares, each Class A shareholder will automatically agree to be bound by the provisions in our operating agreement, including the provisions described above. This is in accordance with the policy of the Delaware LLC Act favoring the principle of freedom of contract and the enforceability of operating agreements. The failure of a Class A shareholder to sign our operating agreement does not render our operating agreement unenforceable against that person.
We have agreed to indemnify our manager and any of its affiliates and any member, partner, tax matters partner, officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of our partnership, our manager or any of our affiliates and certain other specified persons, to the fullest extent permitted by law, against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts incurred by our manager or these other persons. We have agreed to provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. We have also agreed to provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings. Thus, our manager could be indemnified for its negligent acts if it met the requirements set forth above. To the extent these provisions purport to include indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act, in the opinion of the SEC such indemnification is contrary to public policy and therefore unenforceable. See Description of SharesOperating AgreementIndemnification.
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General
AMH is the borrower under a credit agreement, dated as of April 20, 2007, by and among the borrower, Apollo Management, L.P., Apollo Capital Management, L.P., Apollo International Management, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. and AAA Holdings, as initial guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and certain financial institutions from time to time party thereto, as lenders. Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. subsequently became guarantors. The AMH credit facility provides for a $1.0 billion term loan facility and
Use of Proceeds
As of April 20, 2007, we had borrowed the full amount under the AMH credit facility. We used borrowings under the AMH credit facility to make a $986.6 million distribution to our managing partners and to pay related fees and expenses.
Security for the AMH Credit Facility
The AMH credit facility is secured by a first priority lien on substantially all assets of the borrower and the guarantors, subject to customary carveouts.
Interest Rate
Loans under the AMH credit facility accrue interest at a rate equal to with respect to (i) LIBOR loans, LIBOR plus 1.50% and (ii) base rate loans, base rate plus 0.50%. Under the AMH credit facility, base rate is defined for any day as a fluctuating rate per annum equal to the higher of (i) the Federal Funds Rate plus 0.50% and (ii) the prime rate as publicly announced by JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A. The applicable margin for such borrowing may be reduced subject to AMH obtaining certain leverage ratios. As of June 30, 2010, the loans under the AMH credit facility were LIBOR-based and had an interest rate of 1.72%.
Amortization
The AMH credit facility does not require any scheduled amortization payment prior to the final maturity date.
Mandatory Cash Collateralization
Asset Sales
If AMH receives net cash proceeds from certain non-ordinary course asset sales, then such net cash proceeds shall be deposited in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce its debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the last day of the most recently completed fiscal quarter (after giving effect to such non-ordinary course asset sale and such deposit) to (i) for 2010, 2011 and 2012, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 and (ii) for all other years, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 4.00 to 1.00.
Excess Cash Flow
If AMHs debt to EBITDA ratio as of the end of any fiscal year exceeds the level set forth in the next sentence (the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio), AMH must deposit its Excess Cash Flow (as defined in the AMH
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credit facility) in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of such fiscal year to 0.25 to 1.00 below the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio. The Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio will be: for 2007, 5.00 to 1.00; for 2008, 4.75 to 1.00; for 2009, 4.25 to 1.00; for 2010, 4.00 to 1.00; for 2011, 4.00 to 1.00; and for 2012, 4.00 to 1.00.
In addition, during 2010, 2011 and 2012, AMH must deposit the lesser of (a) 50% of any remaining Excess Cash Flow and (b) the amount required to reduce such debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis at the end of such fiscal year to 3.25 to 1.00.
To the extent AMH is required to provide cash to collateralize the AMH credit facility, such cash will not be available to distribute to us and to Holdings.
Voluntary Prepayment
The borrower may prepay loans under the AMH credit facility in whole or in part, without penalty or premium, subject to certain minimum amounts and increments.
Mandatory Prepayment
Upon the incurrence of certain indebtedness, AMH must apply all of its net cash proceeds to the prepayment of the AMH credit facility.
Affirmative and Negative Covenants
The AMH credit facility includes customary affirmative and negative covenants. Among other things the borrower and its subsidiaries are prohibited from incurring additional indebtedness, further encumbering their assets or making payments on equity, subject to certain exceptions. The AMH credit facility does not contain financial maintenance covenants.
Restricted Payments
AMH will generally be restricted from paying dividends, repurchasing capital stock and making distributions and similar types of payments if any default or event of default occurs, if it has failed to deposit the requisite cash collateralization or does not expect to be able to maintain the requisite cash collateralization or if, after giving effect to the incurrence of debt to finance such distribution, its debt to EBITDA ratio would exceed specified levels.
Events of Default
The AMH credit facility contains customary events of default, including, without limitation, payment defaults, failure to comply with covenants, cross-defaults to other material indebtedness, bankruptcy and insolvency. In addition, it will be an event of default under the AMH credit facility if either (i) Mr. Black, together with related persons or trusts, shall cease as a group to participate to a material extent in the beneficial ownership of AMH or (ii) two of the group constituting Messrs. Black, Harris and Rowan shall cease to be actively engaged in the management of the AMH loan parties. If any event of default occurs and is continuing, the lenders may declare all of the amounts owed under the AMH credit facility to be immediately due and payable and prevent AMH and the guarantors from making any distribution on their equity (except tax distributions).
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The following descriptions of our shares and provisions of our operating agreement are summaries and are qualified by reference to our operating agreement, which is included in this prospectus as Annex A.
Our operating agreement authorizes us to issue an unlimited number of shares. Currently, two classes of shares have been designated: Class A shares and Class B shares. As of the date of this prospectus, there will be Class A shares issued and outstanding immediately after the offering, and one Class B share issued and outstanding.
Class A Shares
All of the outstanding Class A shares are duly issued. Upon payment in full of the consideration payable with respect to the Class A shares, as determined by our board of directors, the holders of such shares shall not be liable to us to make any additional capital contributions with respect to such shares (except as otherwise required by Sections 18-607 and 18-804 of the Delaware LLC Act). No holder of Class A shares is entitled to preemptive, redemption or conversion rights.
Voting Rights
The holders of Class A shares, other than the Strategic Investors and their affiliates, are entitled to one vote per share held of record on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors and their affiliates have no voting rights, although their written consent will be required for certain changes to our operating agreement, including in respect of share splits and combinations, capital accounts, allocation of the items and distributions, dissolution and liquidation, requirements for amending our operating agreement and mergers, consolidations or sales of substantially all our assets, if such changes would have a disproportionate adverse impact on the Strategic Investors or their affiliates. Class A shares owned by the Strategic Investors will become entitled to vote upon transfers by a Strategic Investor or one of its affiliates in accordance with the Lenders Rights Agreement. Generally, all matters to be voted on by our shareholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of election of directors when the Apollo control condition is no longer satisfied, by a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all Class A shares and Class B shares present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class.
Dividend Rights
Holders of Class A shares will share ratably (based on the number of Class A shares held) in any dividend declared by our manager out of funds legally available therefore, subject to any statutory or contractual restrictions on the payment of dividends and to any restrictions on the payment of dividends imposed by the terms of any outstanding preferred shares. Dividends consisting of Class A shares may be paid only as follows: (i) Class A shares may be paid only to holders of Class A shares; and (ii) shares shall be paid proportionally with respect to each outstanding Class A share.
Liquidation Rights
Upon our dissolution, liquidation or winding up, after payment in full of all amounts required to be paid to creditors and to the holders of preferred shares having liquidation preferences, if any, the holders of our Class A shares will be entitled to receive our remaining assets available for distribution. Such assets will be distributed to the holders of our Class A shares pro rata based upon the number of shares held by them.
Other Matters
In the event of our merger or consolidation with or into another entity in connection with which our Class A shares are converted into or exchangeable for shares of stock, other securities or property (including cash), all
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holders of Class A shares will thereafter be entitled to receive the same kind and amount of shares of stock and other securities and property (including cash). Under our operating agreement, in the event that our manager determines that we should seek relief pursuant to Section 7704(e) of the Internal Revenue Code to preserve our status as a partnership for U.S. Federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes, we and each of our shareholders will be required to agree to adjustments required by the tax authorities, and we will pay such amounts as are required by the tax authorities to preserve our status as a partnership.
Class B Shares
We have duly issued a single Class B share to BRH, which is owned by our managing partners. If BRH elects to give up its Class B share, we will issue one Class B share to each record holder of an Apollo Operating Group unit for each unit held. No holder of Class B shares will be entitled to preemptive, redemption or conversion rights.
Voting Rights
The Class B share that we have issued to Holdings is initially entitled to 240,000,000 votes on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units (together with his interest in the Class B share) that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share will be proportionately reduced. Generally, all matters to be voted on by our shareholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of the election of directors, a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all Class A shares and Class B shares present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class.
Dividend Rights
The holder of our Class B share will not have any right to receive dividends other than dividends consisting of Class B shares paid proportionally with respect to each outstanding Class B share.
Liquidation Rights
Upon our liquidation, dissolution or winding up, no holder of Class B shares will have any right to receive distributions.
Preferred Shares
Our operating agreement authorizes our manager to establish one or more series of preferred shares. Unless required by law or by any stock exchange, the authorized preferred shares will be available for issuance without further action by Class A shareholders. Our manager is able to determine, with respect to any series of preferred shares, the holders of terms and rights of that series.
We could issue a series of preferred shares that would, depending on the terms of the series, impede or discourage an acquisition attempt or other transaction that some, or a majority, of holders of Class A shares might believe to be in their best interests or in which holders of Class A shares might receive a premium for their Class A shares over the market price of the Class A shares.
We will be entitled to recognize the person in whose name any shares are registered on the books of the transfer agent as of the opening of business on a particular business day as owner, or record holder, of such shares, and accordingly shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such shares on the part of any other person, regardless of whether we have actual or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by law, including any applicable rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any national securities exchange on which such shares are listed for trading. Without limiting the foregoing, when a person is acting as
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nominee, agent or in some other representative capacity for another person in acquiring and/or holding the shares, as between us on the one hand and such other person on the other, such representative person shall be deemed the record holder of such share.
We intend to apply for our Class A shares to be listed on the NYSE upon the effectiveness of our shelf registration statement.
The transfer agent and registrar for our Class A shares and our Class B share is American Stock Transfer & Trust Company.
Manager
Our operating agreement provides that so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager will manage all of our operations and activities and will have discretion over significant corporate actions, such as the issuance of securities, payment of distributions, sales of assets, making certain amendments to our operating agreement and other matters, and our board of directors will have no authority other than that which our manager chooses to delegate to it.
Our operating agreement contains provisions that waive or consent to conduct by our manager and its affiliates that might otherwise raise issues about compliance with fiduciary duties or applicable law. For example, our operating agreement provides that when our manager is acting in its individual capacity, as opposed to in its capacity as our manager, it may act without any fiduciary obligations to us or our shareholders whatsoever. When our manager, in its capacity as our manager, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable, then our manager will be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and will have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting us or any of our shareholders. See Risk FactorsRisks Related to Our Organization and StructureOur operating agreement contains provisions that reduce or eliminate duties (including fiduciary duties) of our manager and limit remedies available to shareholders for actions that might otherwise constitute a breach of duty. It will be difficult for a shareholder to challenge a resolution of a conflict of interest by our manager or by its conflicts committee. See also Conflicts of Interest and Fiduciary Responsibilities for a more detailed description of our managers potential conflicts of interest and how our operating agreement restricts and limits certain duties of our manager, including fiduciary duties.
Organization
We were formed on July 3, 2007 and have a perpetual existence.
Purpose
Under our operating agreement, we are permitted to engage, directly or indirectly, in any business activity that is approved by our manager and that lawfully may be conducted by a limited liability company organized under Delaware law.
Power of Attorney
Each Class A shareholder, and each person who acquires Class A shares in accordance with our operating agreement, grants to our manager and, if appointed, a liquidator, a power of attorney to, among other things,
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execute and file documents required for our qualification, continuance, dissolution or termination. The power of attorney also grants our manager the authority to amend, and to make consents and waivers under, our operating agreement and certificate of formation, in each case in accordance with our operating agreement.
Board of Directors
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, pursuant to the terms of our operating agreement, our manager shall (i) nominate and elect all directors to our board of directors, (ii) set the number of directors of our board of directors and (iii) fill any vacancies on our board of directors. After the Apollo condition is no longer satisfied, (i) each of the directors will be elected by the vote of a plurality of our shares entitled to vote, voting as a single class, to serve until his or her successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified or until his or her earlier death, retirement, disqualification, resignation or removal, and (ii) the size of the board of directors will be set by resolution of the board.
For so long as the Apollo control condition is satisfied, our manager may remove any director, with or without cause, at any time. After such condition is no longer satisfied, a director or the entire board of directors may be removed by the affirmative vote of holders of 50% or more of the total voting power of our shares.
Subject to limited exceptions described in our operating agreement, our manager may not sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries, taken as a whole, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions without the approval of holders of a majority of the aggregate number of voting shares outstanding; provided, however, that this does not preclude or limit our managers ability, in its sole discretion, to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries (including for the benefit of persons other than us or our subsidiaries, including affiliates of our manager).
Capital Contributions
Our shareholders are not obligated to make additional capital contributions, except as described below under Limited Liability.
Limited Liability
The Delaware LLC Act provides that a member of a Delaware limited liability company who receives a distribution from such company and knew at the time of the distribution that the distribution was in violation of the Delaware LLC Act shall be liable to the company for the amount of the distribution for three years. Under the Delaware LLC Act, a limited liability company may not make a distribution to a member if, after the distribution, all liabilities of the company, other than liabilities to members on account of their shares and liabilities for which the recourse of creditors is limited to specific property of the company, would exceed the fair value of the assets of the company. The fair value of property subject to liability for which recourse of creditors is limited shall be included in the assets of the company only to the extent that the fair value of that property exceeds the nonrecourse liability. Under the Delaware LLC Act, an assignee who becomes a substituted member of a company is liable for the obligations of his assignor to make contributions to the company, except the assignee is not obligated for liabilities unknown to him at the time the assignee became a member and that could not be ascertained from the operating agreement.
Issuance of Additional Securities
Our operating agreement authorizes us to issue an unlimited number of additional shares and options, rights, warrants and appreciation rights relating to shares for the consideration and on the terms and conditions established by our manager in its sole discretion without the approval of any shareholders.
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In accordance with the Delaware LLC Act and the provisions of our operating agreement, we may also issue additional membership interests that have designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties that do not apply to the Class A shares.
Amendment of the Operating Agreement
General
Amendments to our operating agreement may be proposed only by our manager, and our manager is under no obligation or duty to make any amendments to our operating agreement. A proposed amendment, other than those amendments that require the approval of the shareholders or those amendments that are within the unilateral discretion of our manager, both of which are discussed below, will be effective upon the approval of our manager and a majority of the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of voting shares outstanding as of the relevant record date.
Prohibited Amendments
No amendment may be made that would:
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enlarge the obligations of any Class A shareholder without his or her consent, except that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any class of shares in relation to other classes of shares interests may be approved by at least a majority of the type or class of shares so affected, or |
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enlarge the obligations of, restrict in any way any action by or rights of, or reduce in any way the amounts distributable, reimbursable or otherwise payable by us to our manager or any of its affiliates without the consent of our manager, which may be given or withheld in its sole discretion. |
These two provisions can only be amended upon the approval of the holders of at least 90% of the outstanding voting shares.
No Shareholder Approval
Our manager may generally make amendments to our operating agreement or certificate of formation without the approval of any shareholder to reflect:
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a change in our name, the location of our principal place of business, our registered agent or its registered office, |
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the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of shareholders in accordance with the operating agreement, |
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a change that our manager determines is necessary or appropriate for the company to qualify or to continue our qualification as a limited liability company or a company in which the Class A shareholders have limited liability under the laws of any state or other jurisdiction or to ensure that the company and its subsidiaries will not be treated as associations taxable as corporations or otherwise taxed as entities for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, |
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an amendment that our manager determines to be necessary or appropriate to address certain changes in U.S. Federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation, |
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an amendment that our manager determines is necessary or appropriate, based on the advice of counsel, to prevent the company or our manager or its partners, officers, trustees, representatives or agents, from having a material risk of being in any manner being subjected to the provisions of the 1940 Act, the Advisers Act or plan asset regulations adopted under the ERISA, whether or not substantially similar to plan asset regulations currently applied or proposed by the U.S. Department of Labor, |
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a change in our fiscal year or taxable year and related changes, |
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an amendment that our manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary, desirable or appropriate for the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of shares or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to shares, |
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any amendment expressly permitted in our operating agreement to be made by our manager acting alone, |
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an amendment effected, necessitated or contemplated by an agreement of merger, consolidation or other business combination agreement that has been approved under the terms of our operating agreement, |
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any amendment that in the sole discretion of our manager is necessary or appropriate to reflect and account for the formation by the limited liability company of, or its investment in, any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other entity, as otherwise permitted by our operating agreement, |
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a merger with or conversion or conveyance to another limited liability entity that is newly formed and has no assets, liabilities or operations at the time of the merger, conversion or conveyance other than those it receives by way of the merger, conversion or conveyance, |
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an amendment effected, necessitated or contemplated by an amendment to any partnership agreement of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships that requires partners of any Apollo Operating Group partnership to provide a statement, certification or other proof of evidence regarding whether such shareholder is subject to U.S. Federal income taxation on the income generated by the Apollo Operating Group partnerships, or |
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any other amendments substantially similar to any of the matters described above. |
In addition, our manager may make amendments to our operating agreement without the approval of any shareholder if those amendments, in the discretion of our manager:
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do not adversely affect our shareholders considered as a whole (including any particular class of shares as compared to other classes of shares, treating the Class A shares and the Class B shares as a separate class for this purpose) in any material respect, |
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are necessary or appropriate to satisfy any requirements, conditions or guidelines contained in any opinion, directive, order, ruling or regulation of any federal or state or non-U.S. agency or judicial authority or contained in any federal or state or non-U.S. statute (including the Delaware LLC Act), |
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are necessary or appropriate to facilitate the trading of shares or to comply with any rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any securities exchange on which the shares are or will be listed for trading, |
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are necessary or appropriate for any action taken by our manager relating to splits or combinations of shares under the provisions of our operating agreement, or |
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are required to effect the intent expressed of this prospectus or the intent of the provisions of our operating agreement or are otherwise contemplated by our operating agreement. |
Merger, Sale or Other Disposition of Assets
Our operating agreement generally prohibits our manager, without the prior approval of the holders of a majority of the voting power of our outstanding voting shares, from causing us to, among other things, sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of our assets in a single transaction or a series of related transactions, including by way of merger, consolidation or other combination, or approving on our behalf the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets of our subsidiaries. However, our manager in its sole discretion may mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or
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substantially all of our assets (including for the benefit of persons other than us or our subsidiaries) without that approval. Our manager may also sell all or substantially all of our assets under any forced sale of any or all of our assets pursuant to the foreclosure or other realization upon those encumbrances without that approval.
Pursuant to the Agreement Among Managing Partners, however, Mr. Black, as a member of the executive committee of our manager, will have the right of veto over, among other things a sale or other disposition of the Apollo Operating Group and/or its subsidiaries or any portion thereof, through a merger, recapitalization, stock sale, asset sale or otherwise, to an unaffiliated third party (other than through an exchange of Apollo Operating Group units and interests in our Class B share for Class A shares, transfers by a founder or a permitted transferee to another permitted transferee, or the issuance of bona fide equity incentives to any of our non-founder employees) that constitutes (x) a direct or indirect sale of a ratable interest (or substantially ratable interest) in each entity that constitutes the Apollo Operating Group or (y) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of Apollo.
If conditions specified in our operating agreement are satisfied, our manager may convert or merge us or any of our subsidiaries into, or convey some or all of our assets to, a newly formed entity if the sole purpose of that merger or conveyance is to effect a mere change in our legal form into another limited liability entity. The shareholders are not entitled to dissenters rights of appraisal under our operating agreement or the Delaware LLC Act in the event of a merger or consolidation, a sale of substantially all of our assets or any other transaction or event.
Election to be Treated as a Corporation
If our manager determines that it is no longer in our best interests to continue as a limited liability company for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, our manager may elect to treat us as an association or as a publicly traded company taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes.
Dissolution
We will continue as a limited liability company until terminated under our operating agreement. We will dissolve upon: (i) the election of our manager to dissolve us, if approved by the holders of a majority of the total combined voting power of all of our outstanding Class A and Class B shares; (ii) the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of our assets and those of our subsidiaries; (iii) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of our limited liability company; or (iv) at any time that we no longer have any shareholders, unless our businesses are continued in accordance with the Delaware LLC Act.
Liquidation and Distribution of Proceeds
Upon our dissolution, unless we are continued as a new limited liability company, the liquidator authorized to wind up our affairs will, acting with all of the powers of our manager that the liquidator deems necessary or appropriate in its judgment, liquidate our assets and apply the proceeds of the liquidation first, to discharge our liabilities as provided in the operating agreement and by law and thereafter to the shareholders pro rata according to the percentages of their respective shares as of a record date selected by the liquidator. The liquidator may defer liquidation of our assets for a reasonable period of time or distribute assets to Class A shareholders in kind if it determines that an immediate sale or distribution of all or some of our assets would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Class A shareholders.
Resignation of the Manager
Our manager may resign at any time by giving notice of such resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to us. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein. The acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. Our manager may at any time designate a substitute manager, which substitute manager will, upon the later of the acceptance of such designation and the effective
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date of such resignation of the departing manager, have control of us under the terms of the operating agreement upon the effective date of the departing managers resignation. In the event our manager resigns and does not designate a substitute manager in accordance with the terms of the operating agreement, control of us will shift to our board of directors.
Limited Call Right
If at any time less than 10% of the then issued and outstanding shares of any class, including our Class A shares, are held by persons other than our manager and its affiliates, our manager will have the right, which it may assign in whole or in part to any of its affiliates or to us, to acquire all, but not less than all, of the remaining shares of the class held by unaffiliated persons as of a record date to be selected by our manager, on at least ten but not more than 60 days notice. The purchase price in the event of this purchase is the greater of:
(i) | the current market price as of the date three days before the date the notice is mailed, and |
(ii) | the highest cash price paid by our manager or any of its affiliates for any membership interests of the class purchased within the 90 days preceding the date on which our manager first mails notice of its election to purchase those membership interests. |
As a result of our managers right to purchase outstanding shares, a Class A shareholder may have his Class A shares purchased at an undesirable time or price. The tax consequences to a Class A shareholder of the exercise of this call right are the same as a sale by that shareholder of his Class A shares in the market. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax Considerations.
Preemptive Rights
We have not granted any preemptive rights with respect to our Class A shares.
Meetings; Voting
Except as described below regarding a person or group owning 20% or more of the Class A shares then outstanding, record Class A shareholders will be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, meetings of our Class A shareholders and to act upon matters as to which Class A shareholders have the right to vote or to act.
Except as described below regarding a person or group owning 20% or more of the Class A shares then outstanding, each record holder of a Class A share, other than the Strategic Investors or their affiliates, is entitled to a number of votes equal to the number of Class A shares held. Each outstanding Class A share, other than Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors or their affiliates, shall be entitled to one vote per share on all matters submitted to the shareholders for approval. Class A shares held by the Strategic Investors or their affiliates will not be entitled to vote, although such Class A shares will become entitled to vote upon certain transfers in accordance with the Lenders Rights Agreement. In the case of Class A shares held by our manager on behalf of non-citizen assignees, our manager will distribute the votes on those Class A shares in the same ratios as the votes of shareholders in respect of other Class A shares are cast.
The Class B share that we have issued to BRH is initially entitled to 240,000,000 votes on all matters submitted to a vote of our shareholders. In the event that a managing partner or contributing partner exercises his right to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through his partnership interest in Holdings for Class A shares, the voting power of the Class B share will be proportionately reduced. Generally, all matters to be voted on by our shareholders must be approved by a majority (or, in the case of the election of directors, a plurality) of the votes entitled to be cast by all shares present in person or represented by proxy, voting together as a single class.
Any action that is required or permitted to be taken by the shareholders may be taken either at a meeting of such holder without a meeting, without a vote and without prior notice if consents in writing describing the action so taken are signed by holders owning not less than the minimum percentage of the voting power of the
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outstanding shares that would be necessary to authorize or take that action at a meeting. Meetings of the shareholders may be called by our manager. Shareholders may vote either in person or by proxy at meetings. The holders of a majority of the voting power of the outstanding shares for which a meeting has been called, represented in person or by proxy, will constitute a quorum unless any action by the holders of the shares requires approval by holders of a greater percentage of such shares, in which case the quorum will be the greater percentage.
However, if at any time any person or group (other than our manager and its affiliates, or a direct or subsequently approved transferee of our manager or its affiliates) acquires, in the aggregate, beneficial ownership of 20% or more of any class of shares then outstanding, that person or group will lose voting rights on all of its shares and the shares may not be voted on any matter and will not be considered to be outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of shareholders, calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes. Shares held in nominee or street name account will be voted by the broker or other nominee in accordance with the instruction of the beneficial owner unless the arrangement between the beneficial owner and his nominee provides otherwise.
Status as Shareholder
By transfer of Class A shares in accordance with our operating agreement, each transferee of Class A shares will be admitted as a shareholder with respect to the Class A shares transferred when such transfer and admission is reflected in our books and records. Except as described in our operating agreement, the Class A shares will be fully paid and non-assessable.
Non-Citizen Assignees; Redemption
If we are or become subject to federal, state or local laws or regulations that in the determination of our manager create a substantial
risk of cancellation or forfeiture of any property in which the limited liability company has an interest because of the nationality, citizenship or other related status of any Class A shareholder, we may redeem the Class A shares held by
that holder at their current market price. To avoid any cancellation or forfeiture, our manager may require each Class A shareholder to furnish information about his nationality, citizenship or related status. If a Class A shareholder
fails to furnish information about his nationality, citizenship or other related status within 30 days after a request for the information or our manager determines, with the advice of counsel, after receipt of the information that the
Class A shareholder is not an eligible citizen, the Class A shareholder may be treated as a non-citizen assignee. A non-citizen assignee does not have the right to direct the voting of his Class A shares and may not receive
Indemnification
Under our operating agreement, in most circumstances we will indemnify the following persons, to the fullest extent permitted by law, from and against all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts:
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our manager; |
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any departing manager; |
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any person who is or was an affiliate of our manager or any departing manager; |
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any person who is or was a member, partner, tax matters partner, officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of us or our subsidiaries, our manager or any departing manager; |
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any person who is or was serving at the request of our manager or any departing manager or any affiliate of our manager or any departing manager as an officer, director, employee, member, partner, agent, fiduciary or trustee of another person; or |
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any person designated by our manager. |
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We have agreed to provide this indemnification unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that these persons acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. We have also agreed to provide this indemnification for criminal proceedings. Any indemnification under these provisions will only be out of our assets. We may purchase insurance against liabilities asserted against and expenses incurred by persons for our activities, regardless of whether we would have the power to indemnify the person against liabilities under our operating agreement.
We have entered into indemnification agreements with each of our executive officers and certain of our employees which set forth the obligations described above.
Books and Reports
Our manager is required to keep appropriate books of the limited liability companys business at our principal offices or any other place designated by our manager. The books will be maintained for both tax and financial reporting purposes on an accrual basis. For tax and fiscal reporting purposes, our year ends on December 31 each year.
As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each fiscal year, we will furnish to each shareholder tax information (including Schedule K-1), which describes on a U.S. dollar basis such shareholders share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our preceding taxable year. It will most likely require longer than 90 days after the end of our fiscal year to obtain the requisite information from all lower-tier entities so that K-1s may be prepared for us. Consequently, shareholders who are U.S. taxpayers should anticipate the need to file annually with the IRS (and certain states) a request for an extension past April 15 or the otherwise applicable due date of their income tax return for the taxable year. In addition, each shareholder will be required to report for all tax purposes consistently with the information provided by us. See Material Tax ConsiderationsMaterial U.S. Federal Tax ConsiderationsAdministrative MattersInformation Returns.
Right to Inspect Our Books and Records
Our operating agreement provides that a shareholder can, for a purpose reasonably related to his or her interest as such a holder, upon reasonable written demand and at his or her own expense, have furnished to him or her:
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promptly after becoming available, a copy of our U.S. Federal, state and local income tax returns; and |
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copies of our operating agreement, the certificate of formation of the limited liability company, related amendments and powers of attorney under which they have been executed. |
Our manager may, and intends to, keep confidential from the Class A shareholders trade secrets or other information the disclosure of which our manager believes is not in our best interests or which we are required by law or by agreements with third parties to keep confidential.
Upon consummation of the Private Offering Transactions, we entered into a shareholders agreement with Holdings regarding voting, transfer and registration rights, among other things. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders Agreement.
In connection with the sale of Class A shares to the Strategic Investors, we entered into the Lenders Rights Agreement. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights Agreement.
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SHARES ELIGIBLE FOR FUTURE SALE
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for our Class A shares. We cannot predict the effect, if any, future sales of Class A shares, or the availability for future sale of Class A shares, will have on the market price of our Class A shares prevailing from time to time. The sales of substantial amounts of our Class A shares in the public market, or the perception that such sales could occur, could harm the prevailing market price of our Class A shares.
Our Strategic Investors, CalPERS and ADIA, own 30,000,001 and 30,000,000 non-voting Class A shares respectively. Such shares are restricted securities as defined in Rule 144, unless we register such shares under the Securities Act. However, we have granted the Strategic Investors rights that require us to register their Class A shares under the Securities Act. Although the shares held by our Strategic Investors are currently non-voting, upon sale by a third party, the shares will have voting rights. See Registration Rights and Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsLenders Rights Agreement.
Our managing partners and contributing partners hold indirectly through Holdings 240,000,000 Apollo Operating Group units. We have entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings under which, subject to certain procedures and restrictions (including the vesting schedules applicable to our managing partners and any applicable transfer restrictions and lock-up agreements) upon 60 days notice prior to a designated quarterly date, each managing partner and contributing partner (or certain transferees thereof) has the right to cause Holdings to exchange the Apollo Operating Group units that he owns through Holdings for our Class A shares and to sell such Class A shares at the prevailing market price (or at a lower price that such managing partner or contributing partner is willing to accept). See Lock-Up Arrangements and Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsExchange Agreement.
In addition, we have granted 39,434,825 (net of forfeited awards) RSUs as of June 30, 2010, subject to vesting to certain employees and consultants that will settle in Class A shares and effective as of January 1, 2009, 78,706,931 interests in respect of Class A shares were reserved for issuance under our equity incentive plan with 39,272,106 remaining for grant as of June 30, 2010. We intend to file one or more registrations statements on Form S-8 under the Securities Act to register Class A shares covered by such RSUs. Any such Form S-8 registration statements will automatically become effective upon filing. Accordingly, Class A shares registered under such registration statements will be available for sale in the open market.
Pursuant to the Lenders Rights Agreement, following the second anniversary of the shelf effectiveness date, each Strategic Investor shall be afforded four demand registrations with respect to their Class A shares, covering offerings of at least 2.5% of our total equity ownership and customary piggyback registration rights.
Pursuant to the Managing Partners Shareholders Agreement, we have granted Holdings, an entity through which our managing partners and contributing partners own Apollo Operating Group units, the right to require us to register under the Securities Act our shares held or acquired by them. Holders of such rights (i) will have demand registration rights, exercisable two years after the shelf effectiveness date, but unlimitedly in number thereafter, (ii) may require us to make available shelf registration statements permitting sales of shares they hold or acquire into the market from time to time over an extended period and (iii) have the ability to exercise certain piggyback registration rights. See Certain Relationships and Related Party TransactionsManaging Partner Shareholders Agreement Registration Rights Agreement.
Pursuant to the Lenders Rights Agreement, the Strategic Investors have agreed not to sell any of their shares for a period of two years following the shelf effectiveness date.
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BRH Holdings, L.P., Holdings, certain of our executive officers and the Strategic Investors have agreed with the initial purchasers not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is 180 days after the shelf effectiveness date, except with the prior written consent of the representatives of the initial purchasers. In addition, certain of our executive officers, directors, employees and affiliates will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the offering and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the offering. After the expiration of the applicable lock-up period, these Class A shares will be eligible for resale from time to time, subject to certain contractual restrictions and Securities Act limitations. Under certain circumstances, the applicable lock-up period may be extended.
We and our manager will enter into lock-up agreements with underwriters in the offering and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the offering.
The selling shareholders in the offering will also enter into lock-up agreements with the underwriters in the offering and will agree not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares, subject to specified exceptions, through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the underwriters in the offering.
In general, under Rule 144 of the Securities Act, a person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is not deemed to have been an affiliate of ours at any time during the three months preceding a sale, and who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months (including any period of consecutive ownership of preceding non-affiliated holders) would be entitled to sell those shares, subject only to the availability of current public information about us. A non-affiliated person who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least one year would be entitled to sell those shares without regard to the provisions of Rule 144.
A person (or persons whose shares are aggregated) who is deemed to be an affiliate of ours and who has beneficially owned restricted securities within the meaning of Rule 144 for at least six months would be entitled to sell within any three-month period a number of Class A shares that does not exceed the greater of one percent of the then outstanding Class A shares or the average weekly trading volume of our Class A shares reported through the NYSE during the four calendar weeks preceding such sale. Such sales are also subject to certain manner of sale provisions, notice requirements and the availability of current public information about us.
In general, under Rule 701 of the Securities Act as currently in effect, our employees, consultants or advisors who receive Class A shares from us in connection with a compensatory stock or option plan or other written agreement are eligible to resell those shares 90 days after the effective date of the offering in reliance on Rule 144, but without having to comply with certain of the restrictions contained in Rule 144.
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Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations
To ensure compliance with Treasury Department Circular 230, investors are hereby notified that: (i) any discussion of U.S. Federal income tax issues in this prospectus is not intended or written to be relied upon, and cannot be relied upon, by any investor for the purpose of avoiding penalties that may be imposed on such investor under the Internal Revenue Code; (ii) such discussion is included herein by Apollo Global Management, LLC in connection with the promotion or marketing (within the meaning of Circular 230) by the issuer and of the transactions or matters addressed herein; and (iii) investors should seek advice based on their particular circumstances from an independent tax advisor.
The following discussion summarizes the material U.S. Federal income tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares. For purposes of this section, references to Apollo, we, our, and us mean only Apollo Global Management, LLC and not its subsidiaries, except as otherwise indicated. This discussion is based on the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the Code), Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, administrative rulings and pronouncements of the IRS, and judicial decisions, all as in effect on the date hereof and which are subject to change or differing interpretations, possibly with retroactive effect.
This discussion is not a comprehensive discussion of all of the U.S. Federal income tax considerations applicable to us or that may be relevant to a particular holder of Class A shares in view of such holders particular circumstances and, except to the extent provided below, is not directed to holders of Class A shares subject to special treatment under the U.S. Federal income tax laws, such as banks or other financial institutions, dealers in securities or currencies, tax-exempt entities, regulated investment companies, real estate investment trusts, non-U.S. persons (as defined below), insurance companies, mutual funds, persons holding shares as part of a hedging, integrated or conversion transaction or a straddle, traders in securities that elect to use a mark-to-market method of accounting for their securities holdings, charitable remainder unit trusts, common trust funds, or persons liable for the alternative minimum tax. In addition, except to the extent provided below, this discussion does not address any aspect of state, local or non-U.S. tax law and assumes that holders of Class A shares will hold their Class A shares as capital assets within the meaning of Section 1221 of the Code. The tax treatment of holders in a partnership (including an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) that is a holder of our Class A shares generally depends on the status of the partner, and is not specifically addressed herein. Partners in partnerships purchasing the Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors.
Legislation has been introduced in the U.S. Congress that would, if enacted, preclude us from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. On May 28, 2010, the House of Representatives passed H.R. 4213, the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010. If enacted, this bill would cause portions of income associated with carried interests to be taxed as ordinary income and not treated as qualifying income for purposes of the publicly traded partnership tests. This would have the effect of treating publicly traded partnerships that derive substantial amounts of income from carried interests as corporations for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Such legislation does provide a transition rule that could defer corporate treatment for 10 years. See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action.
No statutory, administrative or judicial authority directly addresses the treatment of certain aspects of the Class A shares or instruments similar to the shares for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. We cannot give any assurance that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax aspects set forth below. Moreover, we have not and will not seek any advance rulings from the IRS regarding any matter discussed in this prospectus. We cannot give any assurance that the IRS would not assert, or that a court would not sustain, a position contrary to any of the tax aspects set forth below. Accordingly, prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares, as well as the effects of state, local and non-U.S. tax laws .
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For purposes of the following discussion, a U.S. person is a person that is (i) a citizen or resident of the United States, (ii) a corporation (or other entity taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) created or organized under the laws of the United States or any state thereof, or the District of Columbia, (iii) an estate, the income of which is subject to U.S. Federal income taxation regardless of its source, or (iv) a trust (a) the administration over which a U.S. court can exercise primary supervision and (b) all of the substantial decisions of which one or more U.S. persons have the authority to control. A non-U.S. person is a person that is neither a U.S. person nor an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes.
Taxation of the Company
Federal Income Tax Opinion Regarding Partnership Status . OMelveny & Myers LLP has acted as our counsel in connection with this offering. OMelveny & Myers LLP has issued the opinion that as of August 8, 2007, we, Principal Holdings I, L.P. and Principal Holdings III, L.P., will each be treated as a partnership and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes based on certain assumptions and factual statements and representations made by us, including statements and representations as to the manner in which we intend to manage our affairs and the composition of our income. However, opinions of counsel are not binding upon the IRS or any court, and the IRS may challenge this conclusion and a court may sustain such a challenge. We must emphasize that the opinion of OMelveny & Myers LLP is based on various assumptions and representations relating to our organization, operation, assets, activities and income, including that all factual representations set forth in the relevant documents, records and instruments are true and correct, all actions described in this offering are completed in a timely fashion and that we will at all times operate in accordance with the method of operation described in our organizational documents and this offering, and such opinion is conditioned upon representations and covenants made by our management regarding our organization, assets, activities, income, and present and future conduct of our business operations, and assumes that such representations and covenants are accurate and complete.
Taxation of Apollo . While we are organized as a limited liability company and intend to operate so that we will be treated for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a partnership, and not as a corporation, given the highly complex nature of the rules governing partnerships, the ongoing importance of factual determinations, and the possibility of future changes in our circumstances, neither we nor OMelveny & Myers LLP can give any assurance that we will so qualify for any particular year. OMelveny & Myers LLP will have no obligation to advise us or the holders of Class A shares of any subsequent change in the matters stated, represented or assumed, or of any subsequent change in, or differing IRS interpretation of, the applicable law. Our treatment as a partnership that is not a publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation will depend on our ability to meet, on a continuing basis, through actual operating results, the qualifying income exception (as described below), the compliance with which will not be reviewed by OMelveny & Myers LLP on an ongoing basis. Accordingly, we cannot give any assurance that the actual results of our operations for any taxable year will satisfy the qualifying income exception. You should be aware that opinions of counsel are not binding on the IRS, and we cannot give any assurance that the IRS will not challenge the conclusions set forth in such opinions. Furthermore, it is possible that the U.S. Federal income tax law could be amended by Congress so as to cause part or all of our income to be non-qualifying income under the publicly traded partnership rules. A change in the administrative or judicial interpretation of the U.S. Federal income tax law could also create this result. See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action below.
If we fail to satisfy the qualifying income exception (other than a failure which is determined by the IRS to be inadvertent and which is cured within a reasonable period of time after the discovery of such failure as discussed below) or if we elect to be treated as a corporation based upon a determination by our board of directors, we will be treated as if we had transferred all of our assets, subject to our liabilities, to a newly formed corporation, on the first day of the year in which we failed to satisfy the qualifying income exception, in return for stock of the corporation, and then distributed to the holders of Class A shares in liquidation of their interests in us. This contribution and liquidation should be tax-free to holders of Class A shares (except for a non-U.S. holder if we own an interest in U.S. real property or an interest in a USRPHC as discussed below in Taxation
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of Non-U.S. Persons) so long as we do not have liabilities in excess of the tax basis of our assets. If, for any reason (including our failure to meet the qualifying income exception or a determination by our board of directors to elect to be treated as a corporation), we were treated as an association or publicly traded partnership taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, (i) we would be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on our taxable income at regular corporate income tax rates, without deduction for any distributions to holders, thereby substantially reducing the amount of any cash available for distribution to holders and (ii) distributions made to the holders of our Class A shares would be treated as either taxable dividend income, which may be eligible for reduced rates of taxation (currently available through 2010), to the extent of our current or accumulated earnings and profits, or in the absence of earnings and profits, as a nontaxable return of capital, to the extent of the holders tax basis in the common units, or as taxable capital gain, after the holders basis is reduced to zero. The net effect of such treatment would be, among other things, to subject the income from APO Asset Co., LLC to corporate level taxation.
Under Section 7704 of the Code, unless certain exceptions apply, if an entity that would otherwise be classified as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is a publicly traded partnership (as defined in the Code) it will be treated and taxed as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. An entity that would otherwise be classified as a partnership is a publicly traded partnership if (i) interests in the entity are traded on an established securities market or (ii) interests in the entity are readily tradable on a secondary market or the substantial equivalent thereof. We expect that we will be treated as a publicly traded partnership.
A publicly traded partnership will, however, be treated as a partnership, and not as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, if 90% or more of its gross income during each taxable year consists of qualifying income within the meaning of Section 7704 of the Code and it is not required to register as an investment company under the Investment Company Act. We refer to this exception as the qualifying income exception. Qualifying income generally includes dividends, interest, capital gains from the sale or other disposition of stocks and securities and certain other forms of investment income. We expect that our investments will earn interest, dividends, capital gains and other types of qualifying income, however, we cannot give any assurance as to the types of income that will be earned in any given year.
While we will be treated as a publicly traded partnership, we will manage our investments so that we will satisfy the qualifying income exception to the extent reasonably possible. We cannot give any assurance, however, that we will do so or that the IRS would not challenge our compliance with the qualifying income requirements and, therefore, assert that we should be taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. In such event, the amount of cash available for distribution to holders would be reduced materially.
If at the end of any year we fail to meet the qualifying income exception, we may still qualify as a partnership if we are entitled to relief under the Code for an inadvertent termination of partnership status. This relief will be available if (i) the failure to meet the qualifying income exception is cured within a reasonable time after discovery, (ii) the failure is determined by the IRS to be inadvertent, and (iii) we and each of the holders of our Class A shares (during the failure period) agree to make such adjustments or to pay such amounts as are required by the IRS. Under our operating agreement, each holder of Class A shares is obligated to make such adjustments or to pay such amounts as are required by the IRS to maintain our status as a partnership. It is not possible to state whether we would be entitled to this relief in any or all circumstances. It also is not clear under the Code whether this relief would be available for our first taxable year as a publicly traded partnership. If this relief provision is inapplicable to a particular set of circumstances involving us, we will not qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Even if this relief provision applies and we retain our partnership status, we or the holders of Class A shares (during the failure period) will be required to pay such amounts as are determined by the IRS.
The remainder of this section assumes that we and the underlying partnerships of Apollo Operating Group will be treated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. However, due to proposed legislation this could change. See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action below.
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Certain State, Local and Non-U.S. Tax Matters. We and our subsidiaries may be subject to state, local or non-U.S. taxation in various jurisdictions, including those in which we or they transact business, own property, or reside. For example, we and our subsidiaries may be subject to New York City unincorporated business tax. We may be required to file tax returns in some or all of those jurisdictions. The state, local or non-U.S. tax treatment of us and our holders may not conform to the U.S. Federal income tax treatment discussed herein. We will pay non-U.S. taxes, and dispositions of foreign property or operations involving, or investments in, foreign property may give rise to non-U.S. income or other tax liability in amounts that could be substantial. Any non-U.S. taxes incurred by us may not be able to be used by holders of our Class A shares as a credit against their U.S. Federal income tax liability, subject to applicable limitations under the Code.
APO Corp. APO Corp. is taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, even though we expect to qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, the income from the portion of our business that we hold through APO Corp. will be subject to U.S. Federal corporate income tax and other taxes. As the holder of APO Corp.s shares, we will not be taxed directly on earnings of entities we hold through APO Corp. Distributions of cash or other property that APO Corp. pays to us will constitute dividends for U.S. Federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from its current or accumulated earnings and profits (as determined under U.S. Federal income tax principles). If the amount of a distribution by APO Corp. exceeds its current and accumulated earnings and profits, such excess will be treated as a tax-free return of capital to the extent of our tax basis in APO Corp.s common stock, and thereafter will be treated as a capital gain.
APO (FC), LLC . APO (FC), LLC is taxable as a corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, any income from the portion of our business that we hold through APO (FC), LLC that is treated as effectively connected with a U.S. trade or business will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax and other taxes. APO (FC), LLC will be considered a CFC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. Accordingly, each U.S. holder of our Class A shares may be required to include in income its allocable share of Subpart F income of APO (FC), LLC. Subpart F income generally includes dividends, interest, net gain from the sale or disposition of securities, non-actively managed rents and certain other generally passive types of income. These inclusions are treated as ordinary income (whether or not such inclusions are attributable to net capital gains). Thus, an investor may be required to report as ordinary income its allocable share of APO (FC) LLCs Subpart F income reported by us without corresponding receipts of cash and may not benefit from capital gain treatment with respect to the portion of our earnings (if any) attributable to net capital gains of APO (FC), LLC. The tax basis of our shares of APO (FC), LLC, and a holders tax basis in our Class A shares, will be increased to reflect any required Subpart F income inclusions. Such income will be treated as income from sources within the United States, for certain foreign tax credit purposes, to the extent derived by APO (FC) LLC from U.S. sources. Such income will not be eligible for the reduced rate of tax that may be applicable to qualified dividend income for individual U.S. persons. Amounts included as such income with respect to direct and indirect investments generally will not be taxable again when actually distributed. For further discussion of CFC treatment, see Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares Passive Foreign Investment Companies and Controlled Foreign Corporations below.
APO Asset Co., LLC. APO Asset Co., LLC is a wholly-owned limited liability company. APO Asset Co., LLC will be treated as an entity disregarded as a separate entity from us. Accordingly, all the assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit of APO Asset Co., LLC will be treated as our assets, liabilities and items of income, deduction and credit.
If we form a U.S. corporation or other entity treated as a U.S. corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, that corporation would be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on its income.
Personal Holding Companies. APO Corp. could be subject to additional U.S. Federal income tax on a portion of its income if it is determined to be a personal holding company, or PHC, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes. A U.S. corporation generally will be classified as a PHC for U.S. Federal income tax purposes in a given taxable year if (i) at any time during the last half of such taxable year, five or fewer individuals (without regard to their citizenship or residency and including as individuals for this purpose certain entities such as
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certain tax-exempt organizations and pension funds) own or are deemed to own (pursuant to certain constructive ownership rules) more than 50% of the stock of the corporation by value and (ii) at least 60% of the corporations adjusted ordinary gross income, as determined for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, for such taxable year consists of PHC income (which includes, among other things, dividends, interest, royalties, annuities and, under certain circumstances, rents). The PHC rules do not apply to non-U.S. corporations.
Due to applicable attribution rules, it is likely that five or fewer individuals or tax-exempt organizations will be treated as owning actually or constructively more than 50% of the value of stock in APO Corp. Consequently, APO Corp. could be or become a PHC, depending on whether it fails the PHC gross income test. Certain aspects of the gross income test cannot be predicted with certainty. Thus, we cannot give any assurance that APO Corp. will not become a PHC in the future.
If APO Corp. is or were to become a PHC in a given taxable year, it would be subject to an additional 15% PHC tax on its undistributed PHC income, which generally includes the companys taxable income, subject to certain adjustments. For taxable years beginning after December 31, 2010, the PHC tax rate on undistributed PHC income will be equal to the highest marginal rate on ordinary income applicable to individuals (currently 35%).
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares on Our Profits and Losses. As a partnership for tax purposes, we are not a taxable entity and incur no U.S Federal income tax liability. Instead, each holder of Class A shares in computing such holders U.S. Federal income tax liability for a taxable year will be required to take into account its allocable share of items of our income, gain, loss, deduction and credit (including those items of APO Asset Co., LLC as an entity disregarded as a separate entity from us for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) for each of our taxable years ending with or within the taxable year of such holder, regardless whether the holder has received any distributions. The characterization of an item of our income, gain, loss, deduction or credit generally will be determined at our (rather than at the holders) level.
Limits on Deductions for Losses and Expenses. A holders deduction of its share of our losses, if any, will be limited to such holders tax basis in its Class A shares and, if such holder is an individual or a corporation that is subject to the at risk rules, to the amount for which such holder is considered to be at risk with respect to our activities, if that is less than such holders tax basis. In general, a holder of Class A shares will be at risk to the extent of such holders tax basis in its Class A shares, reduced by (1) the portion of that basis attributable to such holders share of our liabilities for which such holder will not be personally liable and (2) any amount of money such holder borrows to acquire or hold its Class A shares, if the lender of those borrowed funds owns an interest in us, is related to such holder or can look only to the Class A shares for repayment. A holders at risk amount will generally increase by its allocable share of our income and gain and decrease by cash distributions to such holder and such holders allocable share of losses and deductions. A holder must recapture losses deducted in previous years to the extent that distributions cause such holders at risk amount to be less than zero at the end of any taxable year. Losses disallowed or recaptured as a result of these limitations will carry forward and will be allowable to the extent that a holders tax basis or at risk amount, whichever is the limiting factor, subsequently increases. Any excess loss above that gain previously suspended by the at risk or basis limitations may no longer be used. It is not entirely free from doubt whether a holder would be subject to additional loss limitations imposed by Section 470 of the Code. The IRS has not yet issued final guidance limiting the scope of this anti-abuse provision. Prospective holders of Class A shares should therefore consult their own tax advisors about the possible effect of this provision.
We do not expect to generate any income or losses from passive activities for purposes of Section 469 of the Code. Accordingly, income allocated by us to a holder of Class A shares may not be offset by any Section 469 passive losses of such holder from other sources and any losses we allocate to a holder generally may not be used to offset Section 469 passive income of such holder from other sources. In addition, other
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provisions of the Code may limit or disallow any deduction for losses by a holder of Class A shares or deductions associated with certain assets of the partnership in certain cases, including potentially Section 470 of the Code. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult with their own tax advisors regarding their limitations on the deductibility of losses under applicable sections of the Code.
Limitations on Deductibility of Organizational Expenses and Syndication Fees. In general, neither we nor any U.S. holder of Class A shares may deduct organizational or syndication expenses. An election may be made by our partnership to amortize organizational expenses over a 15-year period. Syndication fees (which would include any sales or placement fees or commissions or underwriting discount payable to third parties) must be capitalized and cannot be amortized or otherwise deducted.
Limitations on Interest Deductions . A holders share of our interest expense is likely to be treated as investment interest expense. If a holder is a non-corporate taxpayer, the deductibility of investment interest expense is generally limited to the amount of such holders net investment income. A holders share of our dividend and interest income will be treated as investment income, although qualified dividend income subject to reduced rates of tax in the hands of an individual (currently through 2010) will only be treated as investment income if a holder elects to treat such dividend as ordinary income not subject to reduced rates of tax. In addition, state and local tax laws may disallow deductions for a holders share of our interest expense.
The computation of a holders investment interest expense will take into account interest on any margin account borrowing or other loan incurred to purchase a Class A share. Net investment income includes gross income from property held for investment and amounts treated as portfolio income under the passive loss rules less deductible expenses, other than interest, directly connected with the production of investment income, but generally does not include gains attributable to the disposition of property held for investment. For this purpose, any long-term capital gain or qualifying dividend income that is taxable at long-term capital gain rates (such preferential rates currently available through 2010) is excluded from net investment income, unless a holder of Class A shares elects to pay tax on such gain or dividend income at ordinary income rates.
Deductibility of Partnership Investment Expenditures by Individual Partners and by Trusts and Estates . Subject to certain exceptions, all miscellaneous itemized deductions of an individual taxpayer, and certain of such deductions of an estate or trust, are deductible only to the extent that such deductions exceed 2% of the taxpayers adjusted gross income. For tax years beginning after December 31, 2010, the otherwise allowable itemized deductions of individuals whose gross income exceeds an applicable threshold amount are subject to reduction by an amount equal to the lesser of (1) 3% of the excess of the individuals adjusted gross income over the threshold amount, or (2) 80% of the amount of the itemized deductions. The operating expenses of Apollo may be treated as miscellaneous itemized deductions subject to the foregoing rule. Prospective non-corporate holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors with respect to the application of these limitations.
Allocation of Profits and Losses. For each of our fiscal years, items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit recognized by us (including those items of APO Asset Co., LLC as an entity disregarded as a separate entity from us for U.S. Federal income tax purposes) generally will be allocated among the holders of Class A shares pro rata in accordance with the number of shares held. To the extent that our managing partners and contributing partners exchange Apollo Operating Group units for Class A shares, such income and gain will from time to time include the built-in income or gain inherent in the underlying assets of the Apollo Operating Group at the time of such exchange. Section 704(c) of the Code arguably requires that we specially allocate such built-in income or gain to the holders of these specific Class A shares. However, since we do not expect to be able to identify these specific Class A shares following their sales on the market by such partners, we expect that we will not be able to make such special allocations to the holders of these specific Class A shares. Accordingly, such built-in income or gain will likely be allocated pro rata among all holders of Class A shares.
We may make investments that produce taxable income before they generate cash and/or may devote cash flow to make other investments or pay principal amount of debt. Therefore the amount of taxable income that we allocated to you may exceed your cash distributions, and this excess may be substantial.
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We must allocate items of partnership income and deductions between transferors and transferees of Class A shares. We will apply certain assumptions and conventions in an attempt to comply with applicable rules under the Code and to report income, gain, loss, deduction and credit to holders in a manner that reflects such holders beneficial shares of our items. These conventions are designed to more closely align the receipt of cash and the allocation of income between holders of Class A shares, but these assumptions and conventions may not be in compliance with all aspects of applicable tax requirements. In addition, as a result of such allocation method, we may allocate taxable income to you even if you do not receive any distributions.
If the IRS does not accept our conventions, the IRS may contend that our taxable income or losses must be reallocated among the holders of Class A shares. If such a contention were sustained, certain holders respective tax liabilities would be adjusted to the possible detriment of certain other holders. The Board of Directors is authorized to revise our method of allocation between transferors and transferees (as well as among holders whose interests otherwise could vary during a taxable period). See Administrative MattersPossible New Legislation or Administration or Judicial Action below.
Adjusted Tax Basis of Class A Shares . A holders adjusted tax basis in its Class A shares will equal the amount paid for the shares and will be increased by the holders allocable share of (i) items of our income and gain and (ii) our liabilities, if any. A holders adjusted tax basis will be decreased, but not below zero, by (a) distributions from us, (b) the holders allocable share of items of our deductions and losses, and (c) the holders allocable share of the reduction in our liabilities, if any. Although a holder in such circumstance would have a single adjusted tax basis in the separately purchased Class A shares, such holder will have a split holding period in such shares.
Holders who purchase Class A shares in separate transactions must combine the basis of those Class A shares and maintain a single adjusted tax basis for all of those Class A shares. Upon a sale or other disposition of less than all of the Class A shares, a portion of that tax basis must be allocated to the Class A shares sold.
Treatment of Distributions . Distributions of cash by us generally will not be taxable to a holder to the extent of such holders adjusted tax basis (described above) in its Class A shares. Any cash distributions in excess of a holders adjusted tax basis generally will be considered to be gain from the sale or exchange of Class A shares (as described below). Such amount would be treated as gain from the sale or exchange of its interest in us. Such gain would generally be treated as capital gain and would be long-term capital gain if the holders holding period for its interest exceeds one year. A reduction in a holders allocable share of our liabilities, and certain distributions of marketable securities by us, are treated similar to cash distributions for U.S. Federal income tax purposes.
Disposition of Interest . A sale or other taxable disposition of all or a portion of a holders interest in its Class A shares will result in the recognition of gain or loss in an amount equal to the difference, if any, between the amount realized on the disposition (including the holders share of our liabilities) and the holders adjusted tax basis in its Class A shares. A holders adjusted tax basis will be adjusted for this purpose by its allocable share of our income or loss for the year of such sale or other disposition. Except as described below, any gain or loss recognized with respect to such sale or other disposition generally will be treated as capital gain or loss and will be long-term capital gain or loss if the holders holding period for its interest exceeds one year. If we have not made a qualifying electing fund, or QEF, election to treat our interest in a PFIC as a QEF, gain attributable to such an interest would be taxable as ordinary income and would be subject to an interest charge. In addition, certain gain attributable to our investment in a CFC, for instance Apollo (FC), LLC, may be ordinary income and certain gain attributable to unrealized receivables or inventory items would be characterized as ordinary income rather than capital gain. For example, if we hold debt acquired at a market discount, accrued market discount on such debt would be treated as unrealized receivables.
Holders who purchase Class A shares at different times and intend to sell all or a portion of the shares within a year of their most recent purchase are urged to consult their tax advisors regarding the application of certain split holding period rules to them and the treatment of any gain or loss as long-term or short term
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capital gain or loss. For example, a selling holder may use the actual holding period of the portion of his transferred shares, provided (i) his shares are divided into identifiable shares with ascertainable holding periods, (ii) the selling holder can identify the portion of the shares transferred, and (iii) the selling holder elects to use the identification method for all sales or exchanges of our shares.
Foreign Tax Credit Limitations . Holders of Class A shares will generally be entitled to a foreign tax credit with respect to their allocable share of creditable foreign taxes paid on our income and gains. Complex rules may, depending on the particular circumstances, limit the availability or use of foreign tax credits. Gains from the sale of our foreign investments may be treated as U.S. source gains. Consequently, holders of Class A shares may not be able to use the foreign tax credit arising from any foreign taxes imposed on such gains unless such credit can be applied (subject to applicable limitations) against tax due on other income treated as derived from foreign sources. Certain losses that we incur may be treated as foreign source losses, which could reduce the amount of foreign tax credits otherwise available.
Mutual Fund Holders . U.S. mutual funds that are treated as regulated investment companies, or RICs, for U.S. Federal income tax purposes are required, among other things, to meet an annual 90% gross income and a quarterly 50% asset value test under Section 851(b) of the Code to maintain their favorable U.S. Federal income tax status. The treatment of an investment by a RIC in Class A shares for purposes of these tests will depend on whether our partnership will be treated as a qualifying publicly traded partnership. If our partnership is so treated, then the Class A shares themselves are the relevant assets for purposes of the 50% asset value test and the net income from the Class A shares is relevant gross income for purposes of the 90% gross income test. If, however, our partnership is not so treated, then the relevant assets are the RICs allocable share of the underlying assets held by our partnership and the relevant gross income is the RICs allocable share of the underlying gross income earned by our partnership. Whether our partnership will qualify as a qualifying publicly traded partnership will depend upon the exact nature of our future investments. We will operate such that at least 90% of our gross income from the underlying assets held by our partnership will constitute cash and property that generates dividends, interest and gains from the sale of securities or other income that qualifies for the RIC gross income test described above. RICs should consult their own tax advisors about the U.S. tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares.
Tax-Exempt Holders . A holder of our Class A shares that is a tax-exempt organization for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and, therefore, exempt from U.S. Federal income taxation, may nevertheless be subject to unrelated business income tax to the extent, if any, that its allocable share of our income consists of UBTI. A tax-exempt partner of a partnership that engages in a trade or business which is unrelated to the exempt function of the tax-exempt partner must include in computing its UBTI, its pro rata share (whether or not distributed) of such partnerships gross income derived from such unrelated trade or business. Moreover, a tax-exempt partner of a partnership generally could be treated as earning UBTI to the extent that such partnership derives income from debt-financed property, or if the partnership interest itself is debt financed. Debt-financed property means property held to produce income with respect to which there is acquisition indebtedness ( i.e. , indebtedness incurred in acquiring or holding property).
An investment in Class A shares will give rise to UBTI, in particular from debt-financed property, because APO Asset Co., LLC and/or its subsidiaries will borrow funds from APO Corp. or third parties from time to time to make investments. In each case, these investments will give rise to UBTI from debt-financed property. We will not make investments through taxable corporations solely for the purpose of limiting UBTI from debt-financed property and other sources.
Prospective tax-exempt holders are urged to consult their own tax advisors regarding the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares.
Passive Foreign Investment Companies and Controlled Foreign Corporations . It is possible that we will invest in non-U.S. corporations treated as PFICs or CFCs. A PFIC is defined as any foreign corporation with respect to which either (1) 75% or more of the gross income for a taxable year is passive income or (2) 50% or
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more of its assets in any taxable year (generally based on the quarterly average of the value of its assets) produce passive income. There are no minimum stock ownership requirements for PFICs. Once a corporation qualifies as a PFIC it is, subject to certain exceptions, always treated as a PFIC, regardless of whether it satisfies either of the qualification tests in subsequent years. In the case of PFICs, a U.S. Class A shareholders share of certain distributions from such corporations and gains from the sale by us of interests in such corporations (or gains from the sale by a U.S. Class A shareholder of their interest) could be subject to an interest charge and certain other disadvantageous tax treatment. A non-U.S. entity will be treated as a CFC if it is treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes and if more than 50% of (i) the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the non-U.S. entity entitled to vote or (ii) the total value of the stock of the non-U.S. entity is owned by U.S. Shareholders on any day during the taxable year of such non-U.S. entity. For purposes of this discussion, a U.S. Shareholder with respect to a non-U.S. entity means a U.S. person that owns 10% or more of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the non-U.S. entity entitled to vote. In the case of CFCs, a portion of the income of such corporations (whether or not distributed) could be imputed currently as ordinary income to certain U.S. Class A shareholders. Furthermore, in the case of PFICs and CFCs, gains from the sale by us of an interest in such corporations (or gains recognized by certain U.S. Class A shareholder on the sale of their interest) could be characterized as ordinary income (rather than as capital gains) in whole or in part. If we make a QEF election with respect to a PFIC, each U.S. Class A shareholder would in general be required to include in income annually its share of the PFICs current income and gains (losses are not currently deductible), but would avoid the interest charge and ordinary income treatment as to gains described above. As a result of a QEF election, a U.S. Class A shareholder could recognize income subject to tax prior to the receipt by us of any distributable proceeds. We can not give any assurance that the QEF election will be available with respect to a PFIC that we invest in.
U.S. Federal Estate Taxes . Since Class A shares held by a U.S. citizen or resident would be included in the gross estate of such U.S. citizen or resident for U.S. Federal estate tax purposes, then a U.S. Federal estate tax might be payable with respect to such shares in connection with the death of such person. Prospective individual U.S. holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors concerning the potential U.S. Federal estate tax consequences with respect to Class A shares.
Taxation of Non-U.S. Persons
Non-U.S. Persons . Special rules apply to a holder of our Class A shares that is a non-U.S. person. Non-U.S. persons are generally subject to U.S. withholding tax at a 30% rate on the gross amount of interest, dividends and other fixed or determinable annual or periodical income received from sources within the United States if such income is not treated as effectively connected with a trade or business within the United States. The 30% rate may be reduced or eliminated under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and the country in which the non-U.S. person resides or is organized. Whether a non-U.S. person is eligible for such treaty benefits will depend upon the provisions of the applicable treaty as well as the treatment of us under the laws of the non-U.S. persons jurisdiction. The 30% withholding tax rate does not apply to certain portfolio interest on obligations of U.S. persons allocable to certain non-U.S. persons. Moreover, non-U.S. persons generally are not subject to U.S. Federal income tax on capital gains if (i) such gains are not effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business of such non-U.S. person; (ii) a tax treaty is applicable and such gains are not attributable to a permanent establishment in the United States maintained by such non-U.S. person; or (iii) such non-U.S. person is an individual and is not present in the United States for 183 or more days during the taxable year (assuming certain other conditions are met).
Non-U.S. persons treated as engaged in a U.S. trade or business are subject to U.S. Federal income tax at the graduated rates applicable to U.S. persons on their net income that is considered to be effectively connected with such U.S. trade or business. Non-U.S. persons that are corporations may also be subject to a 30% branch profits tax on such effectively connected income. The 30% rate applicable to branch profits may be reduced or eliminated under the provisions of an applicable income tax treaty between the United States and the country in which the non-U.S. person resides or is organized.
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While it is expected that our methods of operation will not result in a determination that we are engaged in a U.S. trade or business, we cannot give any assurance that the IRS will not assert successfully that we are engaged in a U.S. trade or business, with the result that some portion of our income is properly treated as effectively connected income with respect to non-U.S. holders. If a holder who is a non-U.S. person were treated as being engaged in a U.S. trade or business in any year because of an investment in the Class A shares in such year, such holder generally would be (i) subject to withholding by us on its distributive share of our income effectively connected with such U.S. trade or business, (ii) required to file a U.S. Federal income tax return for such year reporting its allocable share, if any, of income or loss effectively connected with such trade or business and (iii) required to pay U.S. Federal income tax at regular U.S. Federal income tax rates on any such income. Moreover, a holder who is a corporate non-U.S. person might be subject to a U.S. branch profits tax on its allocable share of its effectively connected income. Any amount so withheld would be creditable against such non-U.S. persons U.S. Federal income tax liability, and such non-U.S. person could claim a refund to the extent that the amount withheld exceeded such non-U.S. persons U.S. Federal income tax liability for the taxable year. Finally, if we were treated as being engaged in a U.S. trade or business, a portion of any gain recognized by a holder who is a non-U.S. person on the sale or exchange of its Class A shares could be treated for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as effectively connected income, and hence such non-U.S. person could be subject to U.S. Federal income tax on the sale or exchange.
Generally, under the Foreign Investment in Real Property Tax Act of 1980, or FIRPTA, provisions of the Code, non-U.S. persons are subject to U.S. tax in the same manner as U.S. persons on any gain realized on the disposition of an interest, other than an interest solely as a creditor, in U.S. real property. An interest in U.S. real property includes stock in a U.S. corporation (except for certain stock of publicly traded U.S. corporations) if interests in U.S. real property constitute 50% or more by value of the sum of the corporations assets used in a trade or business, its U.S. real property interests and its interests in real property located outside the United States (a United States Real Property Holding Corporation or USRPHC). Consequently, a non-U.S. person who invests directly in U.S. real estate, or indirectly by owning the stock of a USRPHC, will be subject to tax under FIRPTA on the disposition of such investment. The FIRPTA tax will also apply if the non-U.S. person is a holder of an interest in a partnership that owns an interest in U.S. real property or an interest in a USRPHC. We may, from time to time, make certain investments (other than direct investments in U.S. real property) through APO Asset Co., LLC that could constitute investments in U.S. real property or USRPHCs, including dividends from real estate investment trust investments that are attributable to gains from the sale of U.S. real property. If we make such investments, each non-U.S. person will be subject to U.S. Federal income tax under FIRPTA on such holders allocable share of any gain realized on the disposition of a FIRPTA interest and will be subject to the tax return filing requirements discussed above.
In general, different rules from those described above apply in the case of non-U.S. persons subject to special treatment under U.S. Federal income tax law, including a non-U.S. person (i) who has an office or fixed place of business in the United States or is otherwise carrying on a U.S. trade or business; (ii) who is an individual present in the United States for 183 or more days or has a tax home in the United States for U.S. Federal income tax purposes; or (iii) who is a former citizen or resident of the United States.
U.S. Federal Estate Tax Consequences . The U.S. Federal estate tax treatment of Class A shares with regards to the estate of a non-citizen who is not a resident of the United States is not entirely clear. If Class A shares are includible in the U.S. gross estate of such person, then a U.S. Federal estate tax might be payable in connection with the death of such person. Prospective individual non-U.S. holders of Class A shares who are non-citizens and not residents of the United States should consult their own tax advisors concerning the potential U.S. Federal estate tax consequences with regard to Class A shares.
Prospective holders who are non-U.S. persons are urged to consult their tax advisors with regard to the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares, as well as the effects of state, local and non-U.S. tax laws, as well as eligibility for any reduced withholding benefits.
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Administrative Matters
Tax Matters Partner . One of our managing partners will act as our tax matters partner. Our board of directors will have the authority, subject to certain restrictions, to appoint another founder or Class A shareholder to act on our behalf in connection with an administrative or judicial review of our items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit.
Tax Elections . We have not made and currently do not intend to make the election permitted by Section 754 of the Code with respect to us. Each of Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and the Apollo Operating Group entities controlled by Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. has made such an election while Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. have not made such an election and currently do not intend to make the election. The election, if made, is irrevocable without the consent of the IRS, and would generally require us to adjust the tax basis in our assets, or inside basis, attributable to a transferee of common units under Section 743(b) of the Code to reflect the purchase price of the common units paid by the transferee. However, this election does not apply to a person who purchases common units directly from us, including in this offering. For purposes of this discussion, a transferees inside basis in our assets will be considered to have two components: (1) the transferees share of our tax basis in our assets, or common basis, and (2) the Section 743(b) adjustment to that basis.
If no Section 754 election is made, there would be no adjustment for the transferee of Class A shares, even if the purchase price of those common units, is higher than the transferors share of the aggregate tax basis of our assets immediately prior to the transfer. In that case, on a sale of an asset, gain allocable to the transferee would include built-in gain allocable to the transferee at the time of the transfer, which built-in gain would otherwise generally be eliminated if a Section 754 election had been made.
Even assuming no Section 754 election is made, if Class A shares were transferred at a time when we had a substantial built-in loss inherent in our assets, we would be obligated to reduce the tax basis in the portion of such assets attributable to such Class A shares.
The calculations under Section 754 of the Code are complex, and there is little legal authority concerning the mechanics of the calculations, particularly in the context of publicly traded partnerships. To help reduce the complexity of those calculations and the resulting administrative costs to us if we make elections under Section 754, we will apply certain conventions in determining and allocating basis adjustments. For example, we may apply a convention in which we deem the price paid by a holder of Class A shares to be the lowest quoted trading price of the Class A shares during the month in which the purchase occurred irrespective of the actual price paid. Nevertheless, the use of such conventions may result in basis adjustments that do not exactly reflect a holders purchase price for its Class A shares, including less favorable basis adjustments to a holder who paid more than the lowest quoted trading price of the Class A shares for the month in which the purchase occurred. It is also possible that the IRS will successfully assert that the conventions we utilize do not satisfy the technical requirements of the Code or the Treasury Regulations and, thus, will require different basis adjustments to be made. If the IRS were to sustain such a position, a holder of Class A shares may have adverse tax consequences.
Constructive Termination . Subject to the electing large partnership rules described below, we will be considered to have been terminated and reformed as a new partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes if there is a sale or exchange of 50% or more of the total interests in our capital and profits within a 12-month period. Our termination would result in the closing of our taxable year for all holders of Class A shares. In the case of a holder reporting on a taxable year other than a fiscal year ending on our year end, the closing of our taxable year may result in more than 12 months of our taxable income or loss being includable in the holders taxable income for the year of termination. We would be required to make new tax elections after a termination, including a new tax election under Section 754 of the Code. A termination could also result in penalties if we were unable to determine that the termination had occurred. Moreover, a termination might either accelerate the application of, or subject us to, any tax legislation enacted before the termination.
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Information Returns . We have agreed to use reasonable efforts to furnish to you tax information (including Schedule K-1) as promptly as possible, which describes your allocable share of our income, gain, loss and deduction for our preceding taxable year. In preparing this information, we will use various accounting and reporting conventions to determine your allocable share of income, gain, loss and deduction. Delivery of this information by us will be subject to delay in the event of, among other reasons, the late receipt of any necessary tax information from an investment in which we hold an interest. It is therefore likely that, in any taxable year, our shareholders will need to apply for extensions of time to file their tax returns. The IRS may successfully contend that certain of these reporting conventions are impermissible, which could result in an adjustment to your allocable share of our income, gain, loss and/or deduction and necessitate that you file amended tax returns for the taxable year(s) affected to reflect such adjustment. If you are not a U.S. person, we cannot give any assurance that the tax information we furnish will meet your jurisdictions compliance requirements.
It is possible that we may engage in transactions that subject our partnership and, potentially, the holders of our Class A shares to other information reporting requirements with respect to an investment in us. You may be subject to substantial penalties if you fail to comply with such information reporting requirements. You should consult with your tax advisors regarding such information reporting requirements.
We may be audited by the IRS. Adjustments resulting from an IRS audit may require you to file amended tax returns for the taxable year(s) affected to reflect such adjustment and possibly may result in an audit of your own tax return. Any audit of your tax return could result in adjustments not related to our tax returns as well as those related to our tax returns. Under our operating agreement, in the event of an inadvertent partnership termination in which the IRS has granted us limited relief each holder of our Class A shares is obligated to make such adjustments as are required by the IRS to maintain our status as a partnership.
Nominee Reporting . Persons who hold our Class A shares as nominees for another person are required to furnish to us (i) the name, address and taxpayer identification number of the beneficial owner and the nominee; (ii) whether the beneficial owner is (1) a person that is not a U.S. person, (2) a foreign government, an international organization or any wholly-owned agency or instrumentality of either of the foregoing, or (3) a tax-exempt entity; (iii) the amount and description of Class A shares held, acquired or transferred for the beneficial owner; and (iv) specific information including the dates of acquisitions and transfers, means of acquisitions and transfers, and acquisition costs for purchases, as well as the amount of net proceeds from sales.
Brokers and financial institutions are required to furnish additional information, including whether they are U.S. persons and specific information on Class A shares they acquire, hold or transfer for their own account. A penalty of $50 per failure, up to a maximum of $100,000 per calendar year, is imposed by the Code for failure to report that information to us. The nominee is required to supply the beneficial owner of the Class A shares with the information furnished to us.
Taxable Year . A partnership is required to have a tax year that is the same tax year as any partner, or group of partners, that owns a majority interest (more than 50%) in the partnership. A partnership also is required to change its tax year every time a group of partners with a different tax year end acquires a majority interest, unless the partnership has been forced to change its tax year during the preceding two-year period. In the event the majority interest in the Class A shares is acquired by a group of partners with a different tax year and we have not been forced to change our tax year during the preceding two-year period, we will be required to change our tax year to the tax year of that group of partners. We may request permission from the IRS to adopt a tax year end of December 31.
Elective Procedures for Large Partnerships . The Code allows large partnerships to elect streamlined procedures for income tax reporting. This election, if made, would reduce the number of items that must be separately stated on the Schedule K-1 that are issued to the holders of the Class A shares, and such Schedules K-1 would have to be provided on or before the first March 15 following the close of each taxable year. In
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addition, this election would prevent us from suffering a technical termination (which would close our taxable year) if, within a 12-month period, there is a sale or exchange of 50% or more of our total interests. If an election is made, IRS audit adjustments will flow through to the holders of the Class A shares for the year in which the adjustments take effect, rather than the holders of the Class A shares in the year to which the adjustment relates. In addition, we, rather than the holders of the Class A shares individually, generally will be liable for any interest and penalties that result from an audit adjustment.
Treatment of Amounts Withheld . If we are required to withhold any U.S. tax on distributions made to any holder of Class A shares, we will pay such withheld amount to the IRS. That payment, if made, will be treated as a distribution of cash to the holder of Class A shares with respect to whom the payment was made and will reduce the amount of cash to which such holder would otherwise be entitled.
Withholding and Backup Withholding . For each calendar year, we will report to you and the IRS the amount of distributions we made to you and the amount of U.S. Federal income tax (if any) that we withheld on those distributions. The proper application to us of rules for withholding under Section 1441 of the Code (applicable to certain dividends, interest and similar items) is unclear. Because the documentation we receive may not properly reflect the identities of partners at any particular time (in light of possible sales of Class A shares), we may over-withhold or under-withhold with respect to a particular holder of Class A shares. For example, we may impose withholding, remit that amount to the IRS and thus reduce the amount of a distribution paid to a non-U.S. holder. It may turn out, however, the corresponding amount of our income was not properly allocable to such holder, and the withholding should have been less than the actual withholding. Such holder would be entitled to a credit against the holders U.S. tax liability for all withholding, including any such excess withholding, but, if the withholding exceeded the holders U.S. tax liability, the holder would have to apply for a refund to obtain the benefit of the excess withholding. Similarly, we may fail to withhold on a distribution, and it may turn out the corresponding income was properly allocable to a non-U.S. holder and withholding should have been imposed. In that event, we intend to pay the under-withheld amount to the IRS, and we may treat such under-withholding as an expense that will be borne by all holders of our Class A shares on a pro rata basis (since we may be unable to allocate any such excess withholding tax cost to the relevant non-U.S. holder).
If you do not timely provide us with IRS Form W-8 or W-9, as applicable, or such form is not properly completed, we may become subject to U.S. backup withholding taxes in excess of what would have been imposed had we received certifications from all holders. Such excess U.S. backup withholding taxes may be treated by us as an expense that will be borne by all holders on a pro rata basis (where we are or may be unable to cost efficiently allocate any such excess withholding tax cost specifically to the holders that failed to timely provide the proper U.S. tax certifications).
Withholding Legislation . On March 18, 2010, President Obama signed the Hiring Incentives to Restore Employment (HIRE) Act into law. This legislation would generally impose, effective for payments made after December 31, 2012, a withholding tax of 30% on (i) interest, (ii) dividends paid on common stock and (iii) the gross proceeds of a disposition of common stock paid to a foreign financial institution, unless such institution enters into an agreement with the U.S. government to collect and provide to the U.S. tax authorities substantial information regarding U.S. account holders of such institution (which would include certain account holders that are foreign entities with U.S. owners). The legislation would also generally impose a withholding tax of 30% on (i) interest, (ii) dividends paid on common stock and (iii) the gross proceeds of a disposition of common stock paid to a non-financial foreign entity unless such entity provides the withholding agent with a certification identifying the direct and indirect U.S. owners of the entity. Under certain circumstances, a holder of such obligations might be eligible for refunds or credits of such taxes. The recently adopted legislation also imposes new U.S. return disclosure obligations (and related penalties for failure to disclose) on U.S. individuals that hold certain specified foreign financial assets (which include financial accounts in foreign financial institutions). Investors are encouraged to consult with their own tax advisors regarding the possible implications of this legislation on their investment in the Class A shares.
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Tax Shelter Regulations . If we were to engage in a reportable transaction, we (and possibly you and others) would be required to make a detailed disclosure of the transaction to the IRS in accordance with recently issued regulations governing tax shelters and other potentially tax-motivated transactions. A transaction may be a reportable transaction based upon any of several factors, including the fact that it is a type of tax avoidance transaction publicly identified by the IRS as a listed transaction or that it produces certain kinds of losses in excess of $2 million. An investment in us may be considered a reportable transaction if, for example, we recognize certain significant losses in the future. In certain circumstances, a holder of our Class A shares who disposes of an interest in a transaction resulting in the recognition by such holder of significant losses in excess of certain threshold amounts may be obligated to disclose its participation in such transaction. Our participation in a reportable transaction also could increase the likelihood that our U.S. Federal income tax information return (and possibly your tax return) would be audited by the IRS. Certain of these rules are currently unclear and it is possible that they may be applicable in situations other than significant loss transactions.
Moreover, if we were to participate in a reportable transaction with a significant purpose to avoid or evade tax, or in any listed transaction, you may be subject to (i) significant accuracy-related penalties with a broad scope, (ii) for those persons otherwise entitled to deduct interest on U.S. Federal tax deficiencies, nondeductibility of interest on any resulting tax liability, and (iii) in the case of a listed transaction, an extended statute of limitations.
Holders of our Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors concerning any possible disclosure obligation under the regulations governing tax shelters with respect to the dispositions of their interests in us.
Possible New legislation or Administrative or Judicial Action . The rules dealing with U.S. Federal income taxation are constantly under review by persons involved in the legislative process, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department, frequently resulting in revised interpretations of established concepts, statutory changes, revisions to regulations and other modifications and interpretations. We cannot give any assurance as to whether, or in what form, any proposals affecting us or our shareholders will be enacted. The IRS pays close attention to the proper application of tax laws to partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of an investment in the Class A shares may be modified by administrative, legislative or judicial action at any time, and any such action may affect investments and commitments previously made. The U.S. Congress, the IRS and the U.S. Treasury Department are currently examining the U.S. Federal income tax treatment of private equity funds, hedge funds and other kinds of investment partnerships. The present U.S. Federal income tax treatment of an investment in our Class A shares and/or our own taxation as described under Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations may be adversely affected by any new legislation, new regulations or revised interpretations of existing tax law that arise as a result of such examinations. Most notably, on May 28, 2010, the U.S. House of Representatives passed legislation that would, in general, treat income and gains, including gain on sale, attributable to an interest in an investment services partnership interest, or ISPI, as income subject to a new blended tax rate that is higher than under current law, except to the extent such ISPI is considered under the legislation to be a qualified capital interest. The interests of Class A shareholders and our interests in the Apollo Operating Group that are entitled to receive carried interest may be classified as ISPIs for purposes of this legislation. The U.S. Senate considered but did not pass legislation that is generally similar to the legislation passed by the U.S. House of Representatives. It is unclear when or whether the U.S. Senate will act on such legislation or what provisions will be included in any final legislation, if enacted.
The House bill provides that, for taxable years beginning ten years after the date of enactment, income derived with respect to an ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest and that is treated as ordinary income under the rules discussed above will not be qualifying income for purposes of the qualifying income exception. Therefore, if this or similar legislation is enacted, following such ten-year period, we would be precluded from qualifying as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes or be required to hold all such ISPIs through corporations, possibly U.S. corporations. If we were taxed as a U.S. corporation or required to hold all ISPIs through corporations, our effective tax rate would increase significantly. The federal statutory rate for corporations is currently 35%. In addition, we could be subject to increased state and local taxes. Furthermore, holders of Class A shares could be subject to tax on our conversion into a corporation or any restructuring required in order for us to hold our ISPIs through a corporation.
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Under the House bill, if you are an individual, 75% of the income and gains attributable to an interest in an ISPI would be taxed at ordinary income tax rates (50% during a two-year transition period). A version considered in the Senate would eliminate the transition period but would reduce the portion of income and gains attributable to an ISPI that are taxed at ordinary income tax rates to 50% for income and gains attributable to assets held by the partnership for more than five years. The deductibility of any losses attributable to any ISPI that is not a qualified capital interest would be subject to limitations. In addition, any dividends that are attributable to an ISPI directly or indirectly held by us would not be considered qualified dividends and, therefore, would not be entitled to reduced rates of taxation currently available for qualified dividends through 2010. Holders of Class A shares may also be subject to additional state and local tax as a result of the legislation. While the legislation does not specifically address whether income or gains that is attributable to an interest in an ISPI is treated as ECI or as UBTI, the technical explanation accompanying the legislation indicates that, under regulations to be promulgated following enactment, such income or gains should only be treated as ECI or UBTI to the extent it would be treated as such under current law. Apollos principals and other professionals may face additional adverse tax consequences under the legislation, which may thereby adversely affect Apollos ability to offer attractive incentive opportunities for key personnel.
Additionally, President Obama endorsed legislation to tax carried interest as ordinary income in the 2010 and 2011 budget blueprint. Legislation similar to the American Jobs and Closing Tax Loopholes Act of 2010, as well as legislation that would tax, as corporations, publicly traded partnerships that directly or indirectly derive income from investment adviser or asset management services were introduced in prior sessions of Congress. None of these legislative proposals affecting the tax treatment of our carried interests, or of our ability to qualify as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, has yet been enacted. Any such changes in tax law would cause us to be taxable as a corporation, thereby substantially increasing our tax liability and potentially reducing the value of Class A shares. Furthermore, it is possible that the U.S. Federal income tax law could be changed in ways that would adversely affect the anticipated tax consequences for us and/or the holders of Class A shares as described herein, including possible changes that would adversely affect the taxation of tax-exempt and/or non-U.S. holders of Class A shares. For example, there could be changes that could adversely affect the taxation of tax-exempt and/or non-U.S. holders of Class A shares, by treating carried interest income as fees for services (which generally would be taxable to tax-exempt investors and non-U.S. holders).
Other jurisdictions have also introduced legislation to increase taxes with respect to carried interest. For instance, on June 29, 2010, the New York State Legislature introduced legislation to expand New Yorks non-resident personal income to include carried interest. If passed, this legislation would be retroactive to January 1, 2010. It is unclear whether this legislation or other legislation will be enacted. Finally, because of widespread state budget deficits, several states are evaluating ways to subject partnerships to entity level taxation through the imposition of state income, franchise or other forms of taxation. If any state were to impose a tax upon us as an entity, our distribution to the holders of Class A shares would be reduced.
It is unclear whether any additional legislation will be proposed or enacted or, if enacted, whether and how the legislation would apply to us and/or the holders of Class A shares, and it is unclear whether any other such tax law changes will occur or, if they do, how they might affect us and/or the holders of Class A shares. Our organizational documents and agreements permit the manager to modify the operating agreement from time to time, without the consent of the holders of Class A shares, in order to address certain changes in U.S. Federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation. In some circumstances, such revisions could have a material adverse impact on some or all of the holders of our Class A shares. In view of the potential significance of any such U.S. Federal income tax law changes and the fact that there are likely to be ongoing developments in this area, each prospective holder of Class A shares should consult its own tax advisor to determine the U.S. Federal income tax consequences to it of acquiring and holding Class A shares in light of such potential U.S. Federal income tax law changes.
THE FOREGOING DISCUSSION IS NOT INTENDED AS A SUBSTITUTE FOR CAREFUL TAX PLANNING. THE TAX MATTERS RELATING TO APOLLO AND HOLDERS OF CLASS A SHARES ARE COMPLEX AND ARE SUBJECT TO VARYING INTERPRETATIONS. MOREOVER, THE
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EFFECT OF EXISTING INCOME TAX LAWS, THE MEANING AND IMPACT OF WHICH IS UNCERTAIN AND OF PROPOSED CHANGES IN INCOME TAX LAWS WILL VARY WITH THE PARTICULAR CIRCUMSTANCES OF EACH PROSPECTIVE HOLDER AND, IN REVIEWING THIS OFFERING CIRCULAR, THESE MATTERS SHOULD BE CONSIDERED. PROSPECTIVE HOLDERS OF CLASS A SHARES SHOULD CONSULT THEIR TAX ADVISORS WITH RESPECT TO THE U.S. FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL AND OTHER TAX CONSEQUENCES OF ANY INVESTMENT IN CLASS A SHARES.
Material Argentine Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Argentine tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Argentina. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Argentine tax considerations relevant to a holder resident in Argentina. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Argentine laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
For the purpose of the material Argentine tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that an Argentine person is a person that is (i) an individual resident in Argentina for income tax purposes (an Argentine Individual) or (ii) (x) a corporation or any other company taxable as a corporation for Argentine income tax purposes that is resident in Argentina, (y) a permanent establishment that is located in Argentina and belongs to a non-resident company or individual or (z) a trust or an investment fund formed in Argentina (an Argentine Legal Entity).
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares
Taxation of Dividends. Pursuant to the Argentine income tax law (ITL), dividends either distributed to or available for collection by Argentine holders of Class A shares, whether in the form of cash, stock or other types of consideration, would be subject to Argentine income tax.
Argentine Individuals are subject to progressive tax rates ranging from 9% to 35%, whereas Argentine Legal Entities are subject to a flat rate of 35%, imposed on taxable income.
Argentine holders of Class A shares would be entitled to an ordinary direct foreign tax credit for any income taxes or similar taxes effectively paid by such holders upon the distribution of dividends.
Taxation of Capital Gains. The tax treatment of capital gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares would depend on whether such gains are realized by an Argentine Individual or an Argentine Legal Entity.
Under current law and the interpretation of the Attorney General, Argentine Individuals who do not sell Class A shares on a regular basis generally are not subject to the Argentine income tax on capital gains derived from the disposal of such Class A shares. There is no legal test or definition used to determine whether such activity is deemed to be carried out on a regular basis.
Argentine Individuals who purchase and sell shares on a regular basis would be subject to income tax at a progressive rate ranging from 9% to 35% on capital gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares. The taxable gain would equal the price paid for the shares less the cost for the shares, converted into pesos at the time of acquisition, and related expenses.
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Capital gains realized upon the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares by an Argentine Legal Entity would be subject to income tax at the rate of 35%. The taxable gain would equal the price paid for the shares less the cost for the shares, converted into pesos at the time of acquisition, and related expenses.
Capital losses realized upon the disposal of Class A shares ( i.e., foreign source losses from shares) would be subject to a basket limitation and could only be offset against foreign source gains from the disposal of shares of foreign entities.
Value Added Tax (VAT) . Neither the sale, exchange or other disposition of Class A shares nor the payment of dividends on such shares is subject to VAT.
Personal Assets Tax (PAT) . Under Law 23,966, as amended, Argentine Individuals are subject to the PAT, a net wealth tax levied on worldwide assets, which would include Class A shares, held as of December 31 of each year. Argentine Legal Entities are not subject to the PAT with respect to the shares they own in other legal entities.
The PAT is imposed on the value (calculated according to the PAT Law) of an Argentine Individuals assets. Argentine Individuals whose total assets do not exceed AR$305,000 are exempt from the tax.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value that does not exceed AR$750,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 0.5% on the total assets.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value in excess of AR$750,000 and up to AR$2,000,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 0.75% on the total assets.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value in excess of AR$2,000,000 and up to AR$5,000,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 1% on the total assets.
For Argentine Individuals who own assets with a value of more than AR$5,000,000, the PAT is calculated at the rate of 1.25% on the total assets.
Class A shares would be considered assets subject to the PAT based on their fair market value as of December 31st of each year if they are listed on an established securities market and based on the holders proportionate share of the net worth of Apollo if they are not listed on an established securities market.
Minimum Deemed Income Tax (MDIT) . Argentine Legal Entities are subject to the MDIT at the rate of 1% (0.2% in the case of local financial entities, leasing entities, insurance entities) on their assets wherever located, according to the value of such assets at the end of the fiscal year. If Class A shares are listed on an established securities market they would have to be valued according to their market price. If they are not listed on an established securities market, value would be determined based on the holders proportionate share of the net worth of Apollo.
There is a de minimis threshold of AR$200,000, but if the value of the assets exceeds such amount, the total value of the assets is subject to the tax.
The MDIT is payable only if the income tax as determined for a given fiscal year does not equal or exceed the amount of the MDIT assessed for such year. In such a case, only the difference between the MDIT determined for such year and the income tax determined for such year shall be paid. Any MDIT paid in a given year may be used as a credit against any income tax payable during any of the immediately following ten fiscal years in which income tax exceeds MDIT. MDIT has been in force up to December 31, 2008, and has not been extended yet.
Tax on Debits and Credits on Banking Accounts . Law No. 25,413, as amended, levies a tax on debits from and credits to bank accounts at financial institutions located in Argentina and on other transactions that are used as a substitute for the regular use of bank accounts.
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The general tax rate is 0.6% for each debit or credit. In certain cases, an increased rate of 1.2% or a reduced rate of 0.075% may apply.
A tax credit is available against income tax and MDIT for 34% of the tax paid at the 0.6% rate on bank credits, and 17% of the tax paid at the 1.2% rate.
This tax could be applicable to Argentine holders in connection with any debit from or credit to Argentine bank accounts, excluding saving accounts generated by, among others, the purchase or disposal of Class A shares or the collection of dividends.
Turnover Tax . The turnover tax is a local tax levied by the Argentine provinces and the city of Buenos Aires on the performance of a for-profit activity ( i.e., an activity for which consideration is paid) on a regular basis. The taxable gain is the amount of gross receipts realized from any such activity within the local jurisdiction. The applicable tax rate ranges from 1% to 3%, depending on the jurisdiction.
Argentine Legal Entities are generally subject to this tax, but Argentine Individuals who are not involved in the regular activity of buying and selling shares are not. Prospective Argentine holders of Class A shares should analyze the possible application of the turnover tax, taking into account the relevant provincial laws given such holders places of residence and business.
Under the Tax Code of the City of Buenos Aires, turnover derived from dividends or as a result of any transaction in respect of shares is exempt. Therefore, the holding of Class A shares would not trigger turnover tax in the City of Buenos Aires.
Stamp Tax. The stamp tax is a local tax levied on the instrumentation of contracts either signed or having effects in Argentina. It is payable in the jurisdiction in which the economic transaction is instrumented, but it may also be applicable in the jurisdiction in which such transaction has effects. The tax rate varies in each jurisdiction (the average is 1%) and the tax is imposed on the economic value of the instrumented transaction.
Argentine holders of Class A shares could be subject to stamp tax in certain Argentine provinces (La Rioja Province or Tierra del Fuego Province) if any instrumented transaction in connection with Class A shares is performed or executed in such local jurisdiction.
Other Taxes. The Province of Buenos Aires enacted Law 14,044, introducing an inheritance and gift tax, effective as of January 1, 2010.
Such tax is levied on the increase of a persons wealth as a consequence of receiving assets on a gratuitous basis, such as inheritances, legacies, gifts, and eligible contributions to companies (in this latter case as an anti-avoidance measure).
Individuals and legal entities domiciled in the Province of Buenos Aires will be subject to this tax if they receive the Class A Shares as an inheritance or gift.
This law provides that any gratuitous transfer of assets the aggregate value of which does not exceed AR$3,000,000 is exempt from the tax. If such value exceeds AR$3,000,000, all the assets received on a gratuitous basis will be subject to the tax at progressive rates, ranging between 5% and 10.5%, subject to certain conditions.
Tax Treaties. There is currently no tax treaty in effect between Argentina and the United States to avoid double taxation on income and capital.
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Material Brazilian Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Brazilian Federal income tax (Corporate Income Tax and Social Contribution on Profits) considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Brazil. This summary is not meant to be a comprehensive and complete description of all Brazilian tax considerations that may be relevant for Brazilian resident holders.
This summary is based on Brazilian laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the Brazilian Federal income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
Taxation of Brazilian Holders of Class A Shares
Under Brazilian law, Brazilian resident holders of Class A shares (whether individuals or entities) would be subject to income tax upon the disposal of Class A shares. Specific rules apply to profits received by Brazilian resident-holders of Class A shares. Dividends derived from equity held in Brazil are not subject to taxation in Brazil.
Capital Gain on Disposal of Class A Shares. Under Articles 117, 138 and 142 of the Income Tax Regulation individual holders of Class A shares would be subject to Income Tax at a rate of 15% on the excess of the sale price of the Class A shares over the acquisition cost of such Class A shares, in respect of capital gains received upon the disposal of Class A shares. Such tax must be collected on or before the last business day of the following month in which the proceeds derived from the disposition of the shares are received.
If the holder is an entity, any capital gains would be added to the holders taxable income for Income Tax purposes. Such an addition could result in taxation of the capital gain at a rate of 34% (considering the 25% of corporate income tax and 9% of social contribution on net income), unless the entity has net operating losses in an amount which would be sufficient to offset the increase in the taxable basis represented by the capital gains.
Capital gains earned by companies located in Brazil with respect to transactions abroad subject such companies to Income Tax and to Social Contribution on Profit under the real profit regime.
Capital gains earned abroad must be converted into Reais at the exchange rate (selling rate) as of the date they are accounted in Brazil. In accordance with Article 395 of Income Tax Regulation, the income tax due abroad with respect to capital gains that are added to taxable income in Brazil can be offset against Income Tax due in Brazil on such capital gains.
In addition, under a reciprocity agreement executed between Brazil and the United States, income tax paid in the United States can be offset against Income Tax due in Brazil, and Income Tax paid in Brazil can be offset against income tax due in the United States.
Capital gains earned by individuals are exempt from income tax as long as the sale price does not exceed R$35,000.00.
Distribution of Profits and Dividends. Distribution of profits or dividends to Brazilian resident holders of Class A shares would be subject to Income Tax and, if the holder is an entity, it will also be subject to the Social Contribution on Profits.
Individual holders are not subject to taxation in Brazil for dividends derived from equity held in Brazil. If the dividends derived from Class A shares are held abroad by Brazilian individuals, such individuals are subject to Income Tax at variable rates of 7.5%, on monthly income from R$ 1,499.16 to R$ 2,246.75, with a R$ 112.43 tax deduction allowed; 15%, from R$ 2,246.76 to R$ 2,995.70, with a R$ 280.94 tax deduction allowed; 22.5% from R$ 2,995.71 to R$ 3,743.19, with a R$ 505.62 tax deduction allowed; and 27.5%, on monthly income exceeding R$ 3,743.19, with a R$ 692.78 deduction allowed.
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If the holder is an entity, any distributed profits or dividends in respect of equity held abroad would be added to the holders taxable income for Income Tax purposes. Such an addition could result in taxation of such distributions at a rate of 34% (corporate income tax and social contribution on net income), unless the entity has net operating losses in an amount which would be sufficient to offset the increase in the taxable basis represented by the capital gains.
The Income Tax paid in the United States can be offset against Income Tax in Brazil.
Foreign exchange operations in Brazil are now subject to the assessment of the Tax on Financial Operations, at a rate of 0.38%, on the currency exchange.
Material French Tax Considerations
The following summary describes certain French tax considerations of the acquisition, holding and disposition of our Class A shares as of the date hereof. This summary does not represent a detailed description of all French tax considerations that may be relevant to a decision to acquire, hold or dispose of our shares. This summary is based on French tax laws (including, as the case may be, the income tax treaty entered into between France and the United States on July 31, 1994, as amended (the U.S.-France Treaty)) and regulations in force as of the date of this prospectus, and as interpreted by the French courts and tax authorities without prejudice to any amendments introduced at a later date and implemented with or without retroactive effect. Each prospective holder of Class A shares should consult his or her own professional tax advisor with respect to the tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares. The discussion of the principal French tax consequences of the acquisition, holding and disposal of Class A shares set forth below is included for general information only.
For purposes of the following summary, it is assumed that no holder of Class A shares holds (directly or indirectly, taking into account constructive ownership and attribution rules as may be applicable under French tax law) shares representing 5% or more of the total issued and outstanding capital or voting rights of Apollo, and that no Class A shares held by a French resident holder are attributable to a permanent establishment or fixed base situated outside France.
This discussion does not apply to certain categories of investors that may be subject to specific rules, including inter alia banks and financial institutions, insurance companies, collective investment schemes, companies holding Class A shares as a controlling interest ( titres de participation ) or individuals holding Class A shares as part of their professional assets. Those investors should consult their own professional tax advisors with respect to the French tax consequences of such an investment.
Investors Holding Class A Shares
We expect to be treated as a partnership for U.S. tax purposes. Generally, there is no clear guidance under French tax law addressing the treatment of tax transparent entities formed under foreign law. However, the French tax authorities have issued a statement of practice addressing certain specific aspects of the application of the U.S.-France Treaty to partnerships and similar entities (including certain limited liability companies) organized under the laws of the United States (the Instruction of April 26, 1999 published in the Bulletin officiel des impôts 14 B-3-99 dated May 6, 1999; the Statement of Practice). However, the Statement of Practice does not provide comprehensive guidelines regarding the application of the U.S.-France Treaty to such entities, and the French tax authorities are currently considering potential modifications of their current practice regarding foreign partnerships in general. On this basis, it is expected that the current tax treatment of French holders of Class A shares would be as summarized below.
Taxation of Income. The tax treatment of U.S.-source dividends received by a French resident in respect of an investment in a U.S. limited liability company treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes is not entirely clear and is not specifically addressed in the Statement of Practice. It may however be inferred from
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the Statement of Practice and the usual practice of the French tax authorities that holders of Class A shares who are resident in France for tax purposes should not be taxable on a flow-through basis in relation to their investment ( i.e. , they should not recognize income upon its realization by Apollo). Such holders should be required to include distributions made by Apollo in their taxable income in respect of the taxable period during which those distributions are made.
The proportionate share of income realized by Apollo that is allocated to a French individual holder of Class A shares as part of his or her private assets would be subject to income tax at a progressive rate, together with social taxes of 12.1%.
Income distributed by Apollo to a holder that is an entity subject to French corporation tax should be included in that entitys taxable income, subject to corporation tax at the standard rate of 33.33% plus (subject to certain exemptions) a social contribution of 3.3% assessed on the amount of corporation tax after a deduction capped at 763,000 per twelve month period.
Although this is not expressly confirmed in the guidelines published by the French tax authorities, the U.S.-France Treaty provisions could, in principle, be construed as entitling French holders of Class A shares to (subject to certain requirements and limitations) a tax credit in France in respect of any withholding taxes paid in the United States, in accordance with the U.S.-France Treaty in respect of distributions made by Apollo. The tax credit for withholding tax in France needs to be cleared with the French tax authorities.
Taxation of Capital Gains or Losses. Capital gains resulting from the sale of Class A shares by an individual holding such shares as part of his or her private assets would be subject (from the first euro) to income tax at a rate of 18%, together with social taxes of 12.1% (resulting in an aggregate rate of 30.1%). However, if the total amount realized in respect of disposals of securities and other assimilated interests during the same calendar year within such individuals fiscal household is lower than a certain threshold revised each year (25,830 for 2010 income), such capital gains would be exempt from income tax but would remain subject to the 12.1% social taxes. Capital losses could be set off against capital gains of the same nature realized in the year of transfer or in the following ten years, it being noted that capital losses realized with respect to a year during which the above-mentioned threshold (25,830 for 2010 income) has not been reached could be set off against capital gains for social taxes purposes only (such capital losses could not be used or carried forward for income tax purposes).
A disposal of Class A shares by an entity subject to French corporation tax should give rise to a gain or loss included in that entitys taxable income, subject to corporate tax at the standard rate of 33.3% plus (subject to certain exemptions) a social contribution of 3.3% assessed on the amount of corporation tax after a deduction capped at 763,000 per twelve month period.
Wealth Tax. Class A shares held by individuals that are resident of France for tax purposes are in principle included in such holders taxable assets for wealth tax purposes.
Registration Duty. No French registration duty would be due on the issue or transfer of Class A shares, unless the transfer is effected by means of a written agreement executed in France.
Material German Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material German tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by persons resident in Germany. This summary is not meant to be a comprehensive and complete representation of all German tax considerations possibly relevant for German resident holders. This discussion is not directed to holders of Class A shares subject to special treatment under German income tax laws, such as credit institutions ( Kreditinstitute ), financial services institutions ( Finanzdienstleistungsinstitute ), financial enterprises ( Finanzunternehmen ) and insurance companies.
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The following discussion is based upon German tax law applicable as of the date of this prospectus and upon provisions of double taxation treaties entered into between the Federal Republic of Germany and other countries. In both areas, the law may change and such changes may have retroactive effect.
Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors about the tax consequences of the acquisition, holding and transfer of Class A shares. Only such tax advisors are in a position to take into account adequately the special tax situation of the individual holder.
Qualification of Apollo Global Management, LLC for German Tax Purposes
We intend to operate so that we will qualify to be treated for U.S. Federal income tax purposes as a partnership. However, according to an interpretation letter on the qualification of US-LLCs for German tax purposes issued by the German Federal Ministry of Finance (BMF letter of 19 March 2004, IV B4 S1301 USA 22/04, BStBl. I 2004, page 411), such qualification is not binding for German tax purposes. Based on this interpretation letter, we believe that we qualify as a corporation for German tax purposes.
Taxation of Dividends
Class A shares held as private assets . Given that the company is assumed to be a corporation for German tax purposes, the income derived by German investors is regarded either as dividend income or as capital gain from the disposal of shares. German withholding tax is deducted on dividends only in cases where the Class A shares are held in custody or administered by a German financial institution, a German financial services institution (including the German branch of a foreign institution), a German securities trading company or a German securities trading bank (a Disbursing Agent).
The Disbursing Agent must withhold and remit to the respective German tax office a dividend withholding tax in the amount of 25% on any dividends it disburses to German resident holders of Class A shares, plus a solidarity surcharge of 5.5% thereon (in total 26.375%). The basis for the dividend withholding tax is the dividend approved for payment by the companys shareholders meeting.
The dividend withholding tax is typically considered a final flat tax. However, shareholders can apply to have their dividend income assessed in accordance with the general rules on determining an individuals tax bracket if this would result in a lower tax burden.
Shareholders are subject to income tax on their gross personal investment income less the savers allowance ( Sparer-Pauschbetrag ) of 801 (1,602 for married couples filing jointly). The deduction of income related expenses actually incurred is not allowed.
If the Class A shares are not held with a Disbursing Agent, the German tax resident individual is obliged to include the dividends paid on the Class A shares in its annual tax return (i.e., the ordinary assessment procedure is mandatory). Also, the dividend income will effectively be subject to the flat income tax rate of 25% plus a solidarity surcharge of 5.5% thereon (or, if applicable, the lower individual tax rate).
Class A shares held as business assets . When Class A shares are held as part of a shareholders business assets (including Class A shares attributable to a permanent establishment in Germany of a shareholder subject to limited tax liability), taxation of the dividends depends upon whether the shareholder is a corporation, sole proprietor or partnership. Irrespective of the shareholders legal form, dividends paid on the Class A shares are, however, not subject to German withholding tax.
Corporations. If the shareholder is a corporation domiciled in Germany, 95% of the dividend income is generally exempt from corporate income tax. Business expenses actually incurred that have a direct economic connection to the dividends are (subject to the general limitations on debt financing) deductible when determining the shareholders corporate income tax liability and, within certain limits, the trade tax liability. If the Class A shares are attributable to a permanent establishment maintained in Germany by the corporation, generally the full amount of the dividend income is subject to trade tax.
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Sole proprietors. If a sole proprietor holds the Class A shares as business assets, 60% of the dividend income is subject to the progressive personal income tax, plus a 5.5% solidarity surcharge thereon. Sixty percent of any business expenses actually incurred that have an economic connection to the dividends can be deducted (subject to the general limitations on debt financing) from the income tax liability. If the Class A shares form part of the business assets of a permanent establishment maintained in Germany for a commercial enterprise the shareholder owns, generally the full amount of the dividend income (less business expenses with an economic connection to the dividend income) is subject to trade tax. The trade tax is generally credited as a lump sum against the shareholders personal income tax liability.
Partnerships. Generally, partnerships are considered transparent for purposes of determining personal and corporate income tax liability. Thus, the (corporate) income tax is not assessed at the level of the partnership, but rather at the level of the individual shareholder, and is undertaken, therefore, in accordance with the tax principles described above (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors). Trade tax, by contrast, is assessed at the level of the partnership, with consideration given to the trade tax rules applicable to the respective shareholders (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors).
Taxation of Capital Gains
Unless otherwise noted in this section, the statements made above under Taxation of Dividends apply accordingly to the taxation of capital gains.
Shares held as private assets . Withholding tax is deducted from capital gains only in cases where the Class A shares are held in custody or administered by a Disbursing Agent. To the extent the Class A shares are held in a custody account outside of Germany when sold, the ordinary assessment procedure for income tax purposes is mandatory. Gains on the sale of Class A shares are generally taxed as investment income and as such are subject to income tax at a uniform rate of 25% (plus 5.5% solidarity surcharge thereon). It is likely that capital losses resulting from the disposal of the Class A shares can only be deducted from capital gains on the disposal of shares. If the individual selling the Class A shares directly or indirectly held at least 1% of the companys capital at any time during the five years preceding the sale, only 60% of the gains from the sale of the Class A shares is taxable at the individuals personal income tax rate plus a 5.5% solidarity surcharge thereon. Correspondingly, 60% of capital losses on the sale of the Class A shares and of expenses economically connected to the sale is generally deductible.
Class A Shares held as business assets . No tax is withheld on capital gains that qualify as business income of a corporation, association or estate subject to unlimited tax liability in Germany or of a German establishment of a shareholder subject to limited or unlimited tax liability in Germany.
Corporations. Generally, capital gains earned on the sale of Class A shares by corporations are 95% exempt from corporate income tax and trade tax, irrespective of the stake represented by the Class A shares. Business expenses actually incurred that have a direct economic connection to the Class A shares sold are deductible (subject to the general limitations on debt financing) when determining the shareholders corporate income tax liability and, within certain limits, the trade tax liability. Losses from the sale of Class A shares are not deductible for corporate income tax or trade tax purposes.
Sole proprietors. Sixty-percent of the capital gains on the sale of Class A shares is subject to income tax and trade tax irrespective of the stake represented by the Class A shares. Correspondingly, 60% of capital losses on the sale of the Class A shares is deductible for income and trade tax purposes. Shareholders can deduct 60% of the actually incurred business expenses with an economic connection to the capital gains (subject to the general limitations on debt financing) when determining their income tax liability and, within certain limits, their trade tax liability.
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Partnerships. Personal income tax or corporate income tax on gains from the sale of the Class A shares is assessed at the level of each partner rather than at the level of the partnership and is undertaken, therefore, in accordance with the tax principles described above (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors). Trade tax, by contrast, is assessed at the level of the partnership, with consideration given to the trade tax rules applicable to the respective shareholders (see above Corporations and Sole proprietors).
Credit of Foreign Taxes
Persons who are residents in Germany may be subject to certain U.S. taxes (e.g., withholding taxes) as a result of an investment in Class A shares. Such taxes may be, subject to certain requirements and limitations, creditable against the German (corporate) income tax liability.
Other Taxes
No German transfer tax, value-added tax, stamp duty or similar taxes are assessed on the purchase, sale or other transfer of the Class A shares. Provided that certain requirements are met, business owners may, however, opt for the payment of value-added tax on transactions that are otherwise tax-exempt. No net wealth tax is currently imposed in Germany.
Material Hong Kong Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Hong Kong tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Hong Kong. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Hong Kong tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Hong Kong. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Hong Kong laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
Profits Tax on Our Profits, Distributions, or Disposition of Interest
No Profits Tax is imposed under Hong Kong law in respect of income generated from holding or disposing of Class A shares, unless all of the following factors are present: (i) the taxpayer carries on a trade, profession or business in Hong Kong; (ii) such income is attributable to that trade, profession or business; (iii) such income is derived from or arises in Hong Kong; and (iv) in the case of dispositions, Class A shares were not a capital asset of that trade, profession or business.
If the above factors are present for a given holder, taxable gains would be subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax, which is currently imposed on companies at a rate of 16.5% and on other persons at a rate of 15%.
Gains from sales of trading stock would be considered to be derived from or arising in Hong Kong if the relevant purchase or sales contracts are negotiated and concluded in Hong Kong. However, as Class A shares are traded on the NYSE, such gains would generally be considered as sourced outside Hong Kong and hence not subject to Hong Kong Profits Tax.
Tax Treaties
Except for a treaty on the avoidance of double taxation on shipping profits, Hong Kong is not party to any income tax treaty with the United States. The discussion above in Material U.S. Federal Tax Considerations regarding the possibility of reduced rates of U.S. taxation due to a tax treaty with the United States is not relevant for Hong Kong residents.
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Stamp Duty
A sale or purchase of Class A shares would be subject to Hong Kong Stamp Duty if a share register for such shares is maintained in Hong Kong. Because Class A shares will not have a share register maintained in Hong Kong, their transfer should not be subject to Hong Kong Stamp Duty.
Material Luxembourg Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Luxembourg tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders residing in the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Luxembourg tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Luxembourg. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Luxembourg laws and regulations currently in force, as well as the treaty for avoidance of double taxation concluded between the United States of America and the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg on April 3, 1996, and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
Holders resident in Luxembourg must, for income tax purposes, include in their annual taxable income any income (dividends, capital gains, liquidation proceeds in excess of their cost base) received or accrued on their Class A shares. Luxembourg holders will not be subject to any Luxembourg income tax on the repayment of principal.
Status of the LLC
For the purpose of the material Luxembourg tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that Apollo Global Management, LLC will be considered to be a corporation under Luxembourg law under a substance over form approach. To qualify as a corporation under this approach, Apollo must be considered as taxed at a corporate tax rate corresponding to the Luxembourg corporate tax rate. Even if Apollo is not taxable itself in the United States, it could be considered to be a corporation if the taxes paid on the income it receives at the level of APO Asset Co., LLC and APO Corp. are comparable to the Luxembourg income tax in principle and in level. As long as the income from APO Asset Co., LLC does not exceed 2/3 of the total income received (assuming that the 1/3 of the income received from APO Corp. is taxed in the United States at a 35% rate), Apollo should under that approach be considered as corresponding to the Luxembourg income tax.
Alternatively, under a literal and more formalistic approach one would disregard the taxation at the lower level of the income flows received by Apollo and only consider its tax exempt status under U.S. tax laws. In addition, based on Luxembourg case law, foreign entities are classified as corporations or partnerships according to their legal status, regardless of the tax treatment in the country where they are established. Apollo will be considered to be a corporation provided that it has similar legal and economic characteristics to those of Luxembourg corporations. In that case, Apollo would fail to qualify as a corporation subject to taxation in the United States in a manner comparable to the Luxembourg corporations. Consequently, none of the provisions of the Luxembourg tax laws aiming at alleviating the economical double taxation would apply, subjecting all of the income derived from Apollo being fully taxable at the marginal tax rate of the Luxembourg investor. The below only analyzes the applicable tax treatment under the more favorable substance over form approach. Investors should carefully consider together with their counsel whether the substance over form approach might be applicable to them before making any investment decision.
Taxation of Individual Luxembourg Holders
The below comments apply only in the case Apollo is treated as a corporation under Luxembourg tax law. In case Apollo would be treated as a tax transparent partnership, none of the below comments apply as the individual would be fully taxable on the profits realized by the partnership (even if not distributed).
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Dividends. Dividend distributions received by a Luxembourg resident individual holder of Class A shares would be taxed at a progressive rate corresponding to the yearly income of such individual, with a maximum of 38% with a surcharge of 2.5% for employment fund. However, individual shareholders would benefit from an exemption of 50% of the amounts received if Apollo meets the exemption criteria necessary to be considered as taxed at a corporate tax rate corresponding to the Luxembourg corporate tax rate.
Any withholding tax levied by U.S. tax authorities will be creditable up to a maximum of 15% against the Luxembourg income tax due on all the U.S. taxable income received. No second tier or lower tier tax credit is available.
Capital Gains. If Class A shares are sold by a Luxembourg individual within six months after the shares acquisition, any gain realized upon the sale would be subject to tax at the rate corresponding to the yearly income of such individual.
If Class A shares are sold more than six months after the shares acquisition, the gain would be tax exempt if the individual, alone or with his spouse or partner and his minor children, has held at any time within the 5 years preceding the sale, a participation not exceeding 10% of the capital of Apollo. If the individual owns a participation in excess of 10% of the capital of Apollo, then the gain would be subject to tax at half of the normal tax rate corresponding to the yearly income of such individual. The first EUR 50,000 of long-term taxable gains (EUR 100,000 for spouses or partners taxed jointly) realized in a 11-year period are tax exempt.
Net Wealth Tax. Individuals are no longer subject to net wealth tax since January 2006.
Taxation of Luxembourg Entities
A Luxembourg resident holder subject to (i) the law of July 31, 1929 on pure holding companies or (ii) the law of December 20, 2002 on investment funds ( fonds dinvestissement ) or (iii) the law of February 13, 2007 on specialised investment funds ( fonds dinvestissement spécialisés ) or (iv) the law of May 11, 2007 on family estate holding companies ( sociétés de gestion de patrimoine familial ) would not be subject to any Luxembourg income tax in respect of income received or accrued on Class A shares or on gains realised on the sale or disposal of Class A shares.
Other Luxembourg tax resident entities will be subject to the following treatment:
Dividends. Dividends received by a Luxembourg entity could (i) be fully taxable at the global corporate tax rate ( i.e., 28.59% for entities residing in Luxembourg City), (ii) be exempt from tax if the recipient entity holds or undertakes to hold a participation of at least 10% or of an acquisition price of at least 1.2 million for an uninterrupted period of at least 12 months in an entity that is taxed at an income tax corresponding to the Luxembourg corporation tax (a Qualifying Participation) or (iii) benefit from a specific exemption under a treaty for the avoidance of double taxation.
Dividends received in respect of Class A shares should be tax exempt if (i) Apollo is considered as taxed at a rate corresponding to the Luxembourg corporate tax, (ii) the participation held is at least 10% and (iii) the shares have been held for an uninterrupted period of at least 12 months.
Any withholding tax levied by U.S. tax authorities will be creditable against the Luxembourg corporate tax due on all the U.S. taxable income received. No second tier or lower tier tax credit is available.
Capital Gains. Any gain realized by a Luxembourg resident entity on the sale of Class A shares should be taxed at the global corporate tax rate ( i.e. , 28.59% for entities residing in Luxembourg City). Gains realized on the sale of a Qualifying Participation should be tax exempt, but in this case the minimum acquisition price threshold would be 6 million.
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Net Wealth Tax. Luxembourg companies are subject to the annual net wealth tax (the NWT), which is assessed at the rate of 0.5% on the fair market value of a companys net assets as of January 1st of each year.
However, a Luxembourg entity would be exempt from NWT on Class A shares under the conditions of the Qualifying Participation (without regard to the 12 month holding period).
Material Mexican Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Mexican tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Mexico. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Mexican tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Mexico. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Mexican laws currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
For the purpose of the material Mexican tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that Mexican taxpayers are (i) individuals with their dwelling located within Mexican territory or, if they have another dwelling located abroad, individuals whose center of vital interests is located within Mexico and (ii) entities with the principal administration of their business or effective place of management located within Mexican territory.
The material Mexican tax consequences of an investment in Class A shares described herein would not be different by virtue of being held through a nominee or deposited or kept by a third party (i.e., DTC).
Acquisition of Class A Shares
General Tax Regime. Under the Mexican Income Tax Law (MITL), an individual taxpayer is liable for tax when acquiring shares for a purchase price that is 10% or more below market value.
In the above-mentioned case, the taxable gain is the difference between market value and purchase price.
Entities that purchase shares must consider the effective purchase price as part of the shares tax basis when they determine future capital gains on the disposal of the shares.
Equity interests are treated as shares for all income tax purposes.
Income from transfers of shares or equity is exempted under the Business Flat Rate Tax Law effective as of January 1st 2008. The Business Flat Rate Tax is a complementary tax of the Income Tax.
Investment in Preferential Tax Regimes. Income considered to be obtained from a preferential tax regime is deemed to be received when it is accrued even if it is not already distributed to the Mexican taxpayer as dividends or profits. For such purposes, income is considered to be obtained in proportion to the average per diem direct or indirect participation owned by the Mexican taxpayer.
Investments in preferential tax regimes must be reported annually. Delay in filing the report for more than three months is a criminal offense. Income from such investments may not be commingled with any other income.
Under the MITL, income from entities or structures that are transparent for tax purposes is considered as originated in a preferential tax regime.
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An entity or structure is considered to be transparent for tax purposes if it is not considered as an income tax taxpayer in the jurisdiction in which it was incorporated or where it has its principal administration or effective place of management, and the income generated by it is attributable (for income tax purposes) to its members, partners or beneficiaries.
According to the administrative rules in effect as of January 1st 2008, income from transparent entities or structures shall not be considered as income from preferential tax regimes if the taxpayers participation in the transparent entity or structure is insufficient to give such taxpayer effective control (directly or through a nominee) over distributions of income or the administration of such entity or structure. This is also applicable to investments made through transparent entities or structures.
Administrative rules may be amended or eliminated by the authorities at any time.
For such case the administrative rules provide that income is accruable when the transparent structure or entity distributes it to the taxpayer.
If Apollo Global Management, LLC is treated as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, an investment in Class A shares would be subject to the provisions for income derived from preferential tax regimes unless acquiror demonstrates that it does not hold effective control on Apollo Global Management, LLC or its administration.
The MITL assumes that a Mexican taxpayer has effective control over an investment in a preferential tax regime, so such taxpayer must provide evidence of its ownership percentage in the entity or structure and such taxpayers lack of such control.
According to the rule, if such lack of control is proved, the taxpayer shall not be obligated to file the annual preferential tax regimes report for such investment.
Dividends and Capital Redemptions
General Regime
Taxation of Mexican Entities . Dividends paid by a foreign entity to a taxpayer entity are taxable and are accrued for income tax purposes to determine monthly provisional payments and the annual tax. The taxpayer is entitled to credit the provisional tax payments paid during the tax year against the annual tax.
Income realized by a taxpayer in relation to the capital reduction or liquidation of a foreign entity in which the taxpayer is a partner or shareholder must be accrued as a capital gain. The taxable gain is determined by subtracting the acquisition cost of the shares from the proceeds derived from the capital reduction.
Taxation of Mexican Individuals . Dividends paid by a foreign entity to an individual taxpayer are taxable. If the taxpayer receives dividends regularly, such taxpayer must file monthly tax returns and pay the applicable tax at a progressive rate up to a maximum of 30%.
For income realized by an individual taxpayer in relation to a capital reduction or liquidation of an entity, taxable gain is the amount redeemed per share less the updated acquisition cost per share.
A taxpayer is entitled to a credit against annual income tax for monthly provisional payments made by such taxpayer in such tax year.
Income from Preferential Tax Regimes. There is no tax payable at the time of a dividend in relation to an investment in a preferential tax regime, including through transparent entities or structures, since the applicable tax was already paid at the time of accrual.
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For any income realized in relation to the liquidation or capital reduction of an entity, trust, joint venture, investment fund or any similar structure incorporated or formed under foreign law, a taxpayer must determine taxable income by applying the capital reductions rules for Mexican entities. Such taxpayer must maintain a capital contributions account that is increased by capital contributions and net premiums for capital subscriptions and decreased by capital reductions reimbursed to such taxpayer. Specific rules govern the extent to which capital reductions are treated as distributions of profit.
Tax Credit on Dividends and Capital Reductions Paid from Abroad. Mexican resident individuals and entities are entitled to credit foreign income tax paid in relation to income realized from a source located abroad against the Mexican income tax, provided that such income is taxable under the MITL.
Additionally, corporate tax paid abroad by a non-resident entity paying dividends or profits directly or indirectly to a Mexican taxpayer entity may be credited in proportion to the Mexican taxpayers ownership, subject to certain ownership thresholds and other rules. In such case, the Mexican taxpayer must consider as tax base the dividend or profit received and the income tax paid abroad related to that dividend or profit.
Credits claimed by a Mexican taxpayer are subject to certain limitations and other rules.
Transfer of Shares
Capital Gains for Entities. Gain derived from the transfer of shares is included in the determination of provisional payments and annual income tax. Gain is calculated by subtracting the average price paid for the shares by the transferor (tax basis) from the purchase price paid by the acquiror. The general corporate rate (30%) is applicable to such gain.
The average price paid for shares issued by a non-resident entity is the proven price paid less any reimbursement derived from capital reductions.
For a transfer of shares issued by an entity subject to the preferential tax regimes regulations, gain may be determined according to the rules applicable to a transfer of shares issued by a Mexican entity. These rules require specific calculations and vary depending on the period in which the Mexican company owned the shares.
Deduction of losses incurred in the transfer of stock is limited by the MITL, and some formal requirements must be met in order to take the corresponding deduction.
Capital Gains for Individuals. Individuals must make a provisional payment of 20% of the consideration received for the shares.
If shares are transferred to another Mexican taxpayer, the acquiror must withhold the tax and pay it to the Mexican tax authorities. If the shares are transferred to a non-Mexican, the Mexican transferor must pay the tax directly.
The tax payment may be reduced by complying with certain requirements and filing an auditors report in connection with the calculation of the tax. This releases the acquiror from the withholding obligation.
Individuals transferring shares governed by the provisions of preferential tax regimes may determine the corresponding capital gain by applying the tax basis rules for shares issued by Mexican companies.
Exemptions. Income realized by Mexican individuals in relation to the transfer of stock issued by a foreign entity listed in a Mexican stock house authorized under the Mexican Law of Securities Markets is exempt as long as holders or group of interest does not own directly or indirectly 10% or more of the shares of the entity. In case of equity derivatives referred to shares listed in a Mexican Stock house authorized under the Mexican Law of Securities Market, an exemption applies to income realized by individuals provided certain requirements are satisfied.
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Tax Credit on Transfer of Shares. The use of credits by a Mexican entity or individual in connection with income tax paid abroad is subject to certain limitations and other rules.
Material Singapore Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Singapore tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by persons resident in Singapore. This summary is based on the tax laws of Singapore as currently applied by the Singapore courts and on published practice of the Inland Revenue Authority of Singapore (IRAS) as of the date of this prospectus. This summary does not purport to be a complete discussion of all Singapore tax considerations that may be relevant to holders of Class A shares. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor.
Prospective holders who are resident or may otherwise be subject to tax in Singapore should consult their own tax advisors with regard to the Singapore income tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares, as well as eligibility for any reduced withholding benefits.
Income Tax
In General. Singapore imposes income tax on income accruing in or derived from Singapore (sourced in Singapore) and income received in Singapore from outside Singapore (remitted to Singapore).
Foreign sourced income is considered received or deemed received in Singapore whether or not the source from which the income is derived has ceased if it is: (i) remitted to, transmitted to or brought into Singapore; (ii) applied in or towards satisfaction of any debt incurred in respect of a trade or business carried on in Singapore; or (iii) applied to the purchase of any movable property which is brought into Singapore.
Foreign-sourced income not remitted to Singapore is generally not subject to Singapore income tax.
Foreign-sourced income received by an individual resident in Singapore is tax exempt (unless such income is received through a partnership registered in Singapore). Foreign-sourced dividend income, branch profits and service income received by a person (other than an individual) resident in Singapore may be tax exempt subject to satisfaction of certain conditions.
An individual is considered resident in Singapore in any year if he resides in Singapore (except for such temporary absences therefrom as may be reasonable and not inconsistent with a claim by such person to be resident in Singapore) or if he is physically present or is employed (other than as a director of a company) in Singapore for 183 days or more in the particular year. A company or body of persons is considered resident in Singapore in any year if the control and management of its business is exercised in Singapore.
The current corporate tax rate in Singapore is 17%. Singapore resident individuals are subject to tax based on progressive rates, currently ranging from 0% to 20%.
Taxation of Holders of Class A Shares
There is no regime in Singapore that provides for a limited liability company to be taxed as a partnership.
Where a limited liability company established in the United States (LLC) (which is not resident in Singapore and neither carries on any business operations or activities nor has any office or any form of permanent establishment in Singapore) qualifies to be taxed as a partnership for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, the IRAS presently does not have any published or official position as to whether distributions made by such LLC would be treated for Singapore income tax purposes either as dividend income arising from the holding of shares in such LLC or as partnership distributions. Accordingly, both characterizations are set forth below.
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Tax Treatment of Foreign-sourced Dividend Income Received by any Singapore-resident Person
If distributions by us are deemed to be foreign-sourced dividend income, then such income would generally not be subject to Singapore income tax if not remitted to or received in Singapore.
Foreign-sourced dividend income remitted to or received by an individual resident in Singapore is tax exempt (unless such income is remitted or received through a partnership registered in Singapore).
Foreign-sourced dividend income remitted to or received by a person (other than an individual) resident in Singapore is prima facie entitled to tax exemption if such dividend is subject to tax in the jurisdiction from which the dividend is paid and the highest corporate tax rate of such jurisdiction at the time of remittance is at least 15%.
Tax Treatment of Distributions from Foreign Partnership Sourced Outside Singapore
If distributions by us are deemed to be distributions paid by a foreign partnership the following would apply:
As a general rule, a partnership is not a taxable legal entity and partnership income is allocated to each partner in accordance with the partners respective interest in the partnership and taxed solely at the hands of the respective partner level.
Whether any portion of a partners allocated partnership income is subject to tax in Singapore depends on (i) the source of such income ( i.e., whether the income is sourced in Singapore or foreign-sourced), (ii) the character of such income ( i.e., whether the income consists of dividends, interest, trading income, etc.) and (iii) the form of legal entity of the partner ( i.e., whether it is a corporation, an individual or any other form of legal entity).
Partnership distributions consisting of foreign-sourced income are not subject to Singapore income tax if not remitted to or received in Singapore.
In the case of an individual partner resident in Singapore, all partnership distributions consisting of foreign-sourced income are tax exempt even if remitted to or received in Singapore by such individual (provided that such foreign-sourced income is not remitted or received through a partnership registered in Singapore).
In the case of a partner (other than an individual) resident in Singapore, partnership distributions consisting of, inter alia, foreign-sourced interest income and trading income/sale proceeds are potentially subject to Singapore income tax if remitted to or received in Singapore, whereas partnership distributions consisting of foreign-sourced dividend income are prima facie entitled to tax exemption if such dividend is subject to tax in the jurisdiction from which the dividend is paid and the highest corporate tax rate of such jurisdiction at the time of remittance is at least 15%.
The tax treatment of foreign partnership distributions is currently under review by the IRAS and the tax treatment set forth above may change.
Tax Credit
Singapore does not have a comprehensive double tax treaty with the United States. However, Singapore domestic income tax legislation provides for unilateral tax credits to be given to Singapore residents in respect of remittances of offshore income derived from prescribed foreign countries with which Singapore does not have a double tax treaty (non-treaty country). The United States is such a non-treaty country. Where Singapore tax is payable on the remittance of any type of income, including dividends, the resident taxpayer may be entitled to claim unilateral tax credits subject to the fulfillment of certain conditions. The amount of tax credit given is restricted to the tax charged on the same income in Singapore or the actual foreign tax paid, whichever is less. Any excess credit will be disregarded and can not be set off against Singapore tax payable on other income or carried forward for future set-off.
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If a resident taxpayer holds at least 25% of the total number of issued shares of the foreign dividend paying company, the tax credit shall take into account any foreign tax paid by such company in such foreign jurisdiction in which the company is resident in respect of its income out of which the dividend is paid.
Unilateral tax credit is not available to any non-resident person.
Taxation on Disposal of Class A Shares
Singapore does not impose capital gains tax. Hence, gains arising from disposal of assets that are held as capital assets for long term investment purposes will not be subject to Singapore income tax.
However, gains derived from the disposal of the Class A shares may be regarded as income and subject to Singapore income tax if they arise from or are otherwise connected with the activities of a trade or business carried on in Singapore. Such gains may also be considered income and subject to Singapore income tax even if they do not arise from an activity in the ordinary course of trade or business or an ordinary incident of some other business activity if the holders of such Class A shares have the intention or purpose to make a profit at the time of acquisition and the Class A shares are not intended to be held as long term capital investments.
Foreign sourced gains derived from the disposal of shares and which are revenue in nature, may also be subject to Singapore income tax if they are remitted or deemed remitted to Singapore by persons (other than an individual) in Singapore.
Stamp Duty
Singapore stamp duty is not payable on the subscription of the Class A shares by any holder resident in Singapore.
If a register of the Class A shares is kept in Singapore and an instrument of transfer is executed in respect of such shares, stamp duty may be payable on such instrument at the rate of 0.2%, based on the higher of the consideration or market value of the shares.
Goods and Services Tax (GST)
The subscription of shares by and the sale of shares to Singapore investors are not subject to GST in Singapore.
Material Spanish Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Spanish tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Spain. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Spanish tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Spain. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Spanish laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective Spanish holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
For the purpose of the material Spanish tax consequences described herein, it is assumed that a prospective holder of Class A shares will hold, either directly or indirectly, less than 5% of the share capital in Apollo, and that such holder is not subject to any special tax regime in relation to Class A shares, such as the Spanish Holding Companies (Entidades de Tenencia de Valores Extranjeros) regime. Also, in the case of Spanish corporate holders (Corporate Holders), it is assumed that the financial year of Corporate Holders has started after 31 December 2009.
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Income Tax
The Spanish income tax treatment applicable to Spanish resident holders of Class A shares depends upon Apollos characterization for Spanish tax purposes. In this respect, Apollo could be characterized legally as either (i) a corporation or (ii) a foreign entity with a similar or analogous nature to that of a Spanish pass-through entity (Entidad en Regimen de Atribución de Rentas).
In the following paragraphs, both of the above mentioned possible characterizations of Apollo will be considered because Apollos tax characterization for Spanish tax purposes is unclear. This lack of clarity is caused by the absence of (i) specific provisions of law regarding the legal characteristics that a foreign entity must have to be characterized as a pass-through entity for Spanish tax purposes; (ii) interpretations by the tax administration as to whether the nature of a U.S. limited liability company is similar, in all circumstances, to that of a pass-through for Spanish tax purposes; and (iii) clear guidance as to whether the tax treatment in a foreign entitys state of incorporation would prevail over its legal classification under Spanish law the entity for Spanish tax purposes.
Characterization of Apollo as a CorporationDividend Taxation. If Class A shares are characterized as shares in a corporation for Spanish tax purposes, profits distributed on Class A shares received by Spanish tax residents would be subject to the following regime:
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Dividends paid by us to Corporate Holders and duly recognized for accounting purposes in the P&L account will form part of the aggregate taxable income of such holders, subject to corporate income tax (CIT) currently at a 30% rate. |
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If dividends paid by us to Corporate Holders are subject to U.S. withholding tax, such Corporate Holders would be allowed to deduct from their annual CIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to CIT or to Spanish NonResident Income Tax (NRIT) ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Double Tax Treaty (the U.S.-Spain Treaty) or (ii) the amount of tax which would have been payable had such income been realized in Spain. |
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If the dividends are paid through a Spanish paying agent, such agent must withhold from such dividend payments an 19% withholding tax as prepayment of the Spanish Corporate Holders final CIT liability. |
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Dividends paid by a non-resident company, such as Apollo, to Spanish tax resident individuals holding Class A shares (Individual Holders) would be subject to Individual Income Tax (IIT) at a rate of 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). The first 1,500 of any dividends received annually may be exempt under certain circumstances. |
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If dividends paid by us to Individual Holders are subject to U.S. withholding tax, such Individual Holder would be allowed to deduct from his or her annual IIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to IIT or to NRIT ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Treaty; or (ii) the result of applying the Spanish effective average tax rate to the portion of the net tax base taxed abroad. |
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If the dividends are paid through a Spanish paying agent, such agent must withhold from such dividend payments an 19% withholding tax as prepayment of the Spanish Individual Holders final IIT liability. |
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Characterization of Apollo as a CorporationCapital Gain Taxation. If Class A shares are characterized as shares in a corporation for Spanish tax purposes, capital gains derived from Class A shares would be subject to the following regime:
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Capital gains realized by a Corporate Holder upon holding or disposing of Class A shares will be regarded as taxable income on an accrual basis based on the income recognized in its P&L account adjusted in accordance with the rules contained in the CIT Law and, therefore, subject to CIT and taxed at the ordinary CIT 30% rate. |
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If the capital gains are subject to U.S. withholding tax, the Corporate Holder would be allowed to deduct from its annual CIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to CIT or to NRIT ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Treaty or (ii) the amount of tax which would have been payable had such income had been realized in Spain. |
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Capital losses incurred by the Corporate Holder in relation to Class A shares based on the loss recognized in its P&L account adjusted in accordance with the rules contained in the CIT Law would be deductible for CIT purposes. |
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Disposal of Class A shares by an Individual Holder may give rise to a taxable capital gain or a tax deductible capital loss to be included in such Individual Holders IIT taxable income. |
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Such gain or loss shall be calculated by reference to the difference between the transfer value of Class A shares, as established under IIT Law, and their acquisition value. |
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Capital gains obtained by an Individual Holder upon disposal of Class A shares will be taxed at a rate of 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). |
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Capital losses may be offset against capital gains arising in the same taxable year. Outstanding capital losses can be carried forward and offset against capital gains arising in the same part of the taxable income base during the following four years. |
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If the capital gains are subject to U.S. withholding tax, the Individual Holder would be allowed to deduct from its IIT liability the lower of (i) the actual amount paid at source due to a tax of identical or analogous nature to IIT or to NRIT ( i.e., withholding tax), which shall not exceed the maximum amount allowed to be taxed in the United States under the U.S.-Spain Treaty or (ii) the result of applying the Spanish effective average tax rate to the portion of the net tax base taxed abroad. |
Characterization of Apollo as a Foreign Pass-Through Entity (Entidad en Regimen de Atribución de Rentas). If Apollo is characterized as a foreign pass-trough entity for Spanish tax purposes, Spanish holders of Class A shares would be treated as follows:
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Any items of income or capital gains realized by Apollo would be allocated to Spanish holders of Class A shares in proportion to such holders interests in Apollo, even if such holders have not received any distributions. Therefore, the amount of the taxable income of Spanish holders of Class A shares may exceed the cash distributions. In particular (i) cash distributions made by Apollo would not be taxable to Spanish holders of Class A shares; and (ii) in the case of Corporate Holders, amounts which may be recognized in the P&L account as a result of a change in value of the Class A shares should not be included in the CIT taxable income; in both cases, to the extent that such amounts (the cash distributions or the changes in value, respectively) correspond to allocated income. |
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The characterization of the items of income and capital gains realized by Apollo would be maintained upon allocation to Spanish holders of Class A shares. Determination of the taxable income to be allocated to Spanish holders of Class A shares would generally be made according to the IIT rules, regardless of whether such holders are individuals or corporations. |
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The tax rate applicable to income and capital gain allocated to Corporate Holders would be 30%, while the tax rate applicable to income allocated to Individual Holders would depend on the nature of the income allocated. If the income allocated to Individual Holders qualifies as dividend, interest or capital gain income, the applicable tax rate would be 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). |
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If the income or capital gain allocated to Spanish holders of Class A shares is subject to withholding tax outside of Spain, such holders would be allowed to deduct this withholding tax from their Spanish income tax liability, subject to the terms and restrictions set forth in the above paragraphs regarding Corporate Holders and Individual Holders. |
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Disposal of Class A shares by Spanish holders may give rise to taxable capital gain or tax-deductible capital loss to be included in such holders taxable income, in accordance with the rules established under CIT Law (in the case of Corporate Holders) or under IIT Law (in the case of Individual Holders). |
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In the case of Corporate Holders, we believe that the capital gains should be calculated by reference to the difference between the transfer value and the acquisition value of Class A shares, and that for these purposes the acquisition value of transferred Class A shares should be increased by the amount of the previous undistributed income allocations during the transferring holders holding period that are allocable to such transferred Class A shares, although this is an unclear issue which is not expressly stated in the law. Capital gains realized by Corporate Holders would be taxed at a flat rate of 30%. Capital losses would be deductible in accordance with the rules established under CIT Law. |
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In the case of Individual Holders, such gain or loss would be calculated by reference to the difference between the transfer value and the acquisition value of Class A shares. For these purposes, we also believe that the acquisition value of transferred Class A shares should be increased by the amount of the previous undistributed income allocations during the transferring holders holding period that are allocable to such transferred Class A shares, although this is not expressly stated in the law. Capital gains realized by Individual Holders would be taxed at a rate of 19% (in respect of the first 6,000 of any income received by the Individual Holder) and of 21% (in respect of the income exceeding such 6,000). Capital losses would be deductible in accordance with the rules established under IIT Law. |
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If the capital gain realized upon the disposal of Class A shares is subject to withholding tax outside of Spain, Spanish holders would be allowed to deduct this withholding tax from their Spanish income tax liability, subject to the terms and restrictions set forth in the above paragraphs regarding Corporate Holders and Individual Holders. |
Prospective holders of Class A shares should be aware of the risk that, for Spanish tax purposes, the Spanish tax authorities could disregard Apollo and any of the companies, partnerships or entities in which Apollo owns an interest, and could try to allocate to Spanish holders of Class A shares any income or capital gain obtained by such a lower-tier entity before such entity makes distributions to Apollo if (i) the lower-tier entity is characterized as a foreign pass-through entity for Spanish tax purposes and (ii) the interest in the lower-tier entity is held by Apollo directly or through another lower-tier entity which is also deemed a foreign pass-through entity for Spanish tax purposes.
Transfer Tax, Stamp Duty and Capital Duty
Transfers of Class A shares will be exempt from any Spanish Transfer Tax or Value Added Tax. Additionally, no Stamp Duty will be levied on such transfers.
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Material Swiss Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Swiss tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Switzerland. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Swiss tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Switzerland. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Swiss laws and regulations currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of the Class A shares.
In General
Under Swiss tax regulations, an investment in a U.S. limited liability company, such as Apollo, is typically treated as an investment in a company (rather than in a partnership). This is the case without regard to whether a U.S. election is made to treat the limited liability company as a partnership for U.S. tax purposes. However, according to guidelines issued on March 5, 2009 by the Swiss federal tax administration, investments in companies such as Apollo may, from a Swiss tax perspective, be treated in a similar manner as an investment in Swiss collective investment schemes.
In light of the above, Swiss resident holders of Class A shares will be treated in the following manner for Swiss tax purposes:
Income Tax
In General. Capital gains realized by a Swiss resident upon disposal of Class A shares and dividends distributed to our Class A shareholders would be treated differently depending on the qualification of the Swiss resident holder of Class A shares as a private or business investor.
Private Investors. Swiss resident investors who do not qualify as so-called professional securities dealers (commerçants professionnels de titres) and who hold Class A shares as part of their private (as opposed to business) assets are hereby defined as Private Investors.
Capital gains realized upon disposal of Class A shares by a Private Investor is generally treated as tax exempt capital gain. Such exemption would, however, not be available if the Class A shares are redeemed by the company or its affiliates in order to cancel them for at least the amount corresponding to the share of accumulated ordinary income as opposed to the accumulated capital gains.
Business Investors. Swiss resident individuals holding Class A shares as part of their business assets as well as Swiss resident legal entities would be liable to income or profit taxes on the gain realized upon disposal of the Class A shares as well as on income generated by distributions to our Class A shareholders. For capital gains, the difference between book value and market value would be included in the taxable income or profits and taxed as such.
Foreign Tax Credit. Persons who are residents in Switzerland may be subject to certain U.S. taxes (e.g., withholding taxes) as a result of an investment in Class A shares. Such taxes may be, subject to certain requirements (such as the securing of a partial relief from U.S. taxes under the U.S. Switzerland double tax treaty) and limitations, creditable against the Swiss income tax liability.
Cantonal Wealth Tax
Class A shares held by Swiss resident individuals are included in the taxable net wealth and are subject to Cantonal/Communal wealth taxes.
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Swiss Transfer Stamp Duty
The issuance of Class A shares will be subject to a Swiss Transfer stamp duty (at the current rate of 0.3%) if a Swiss securities dealer is involved in the transaction either as a party to the transaction or as an intermediary. The notion of Swiss securities dealer is very broad and encompasses Swiss and Liechtenstein banks, securities brokers, and even companies holding in their books taxable securities for an amount exceeding CHF 10 million.
The purchase or sale of Class A shares is subject to a Swiss transfer stamp duty at the current rate of 0.30% if a Swiss securities dealer is involved in the transaction either as a party to the transaction or as an intermediary. Certain exceptions apply.
If the securities dealer is a party to the transaction it will have to settle half of the stamp duty for itself and the other half for the counterparty to the extent that the latter does not qualify as a securities dealer or as an exempt investor ( e.g. , Swiss or foreign investment schemes). If the bank acts as an intermediary, it will be liable for half of the stamp duty for each party to the transaction that does qualify as a securities dealer or an exempt investor.
Material United Kingdom Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material United Kingdom (UK) tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in the UK for UK tax purposes (UK holders). This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all UK tax considerations that may be relevant to a UK holder. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on UK laws and the published practices of HM Revenue and Customs (HMRC) currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change, possibly with retroactive effect. Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
The following summary applies only to holders who are the beneficial owners of Class A shares and hold such shares for investment purposes, and may not apply to dealers in shares, insurance companies, trustees, collective investment schemes or tax-exempt entities.
General
For UK tax purposes, assuming HMRC maintains its current practice, we should be treated as a company and not as a partnership or other tax transparent entity. Accordingly, UK holders of Class A shares would not generally be subject to UK tax in respect of income or gains that we accrue, or be entitled to relief in respect of losses or expenses that we realize, incur or suffer. Instead, UK holders would be subject to UK tax on distributions which we make to them, which would generally be treated as dividends for UK tax purposes.
Taxes that we or holders of Class A shares incur in respect of income or gains that we accrue may in most cases be regarded for UK double taxation relief purposes as underlying tax. Therefore, except in relation to a UK company holding 10% or more of our voting power, no credit would be available against UK taxation on distributions by us, under UK national tax law or under any double tax arrangements, for any taxes that we or holders of Class A shares pay in respect of the income, profits or gains out of which we pay such distributions. Any withholding tax levied in respect of such distributions, however, would generally be creditable.
Taxation of Distributions
An individual UK holder who is liable to UK income tax at no more than the basic rate would be liable to income tax on the distributions at the dividend ordinary rate (10% in 2010 and 2011). An individual UK holder who is liable to UK income tax at the higher rate would be subject to income tax on the dividend income at the dividend upper rate (32.5% in 2010 and 2011). However, individual UK holders should be entitled to a UK tax credit of 1/9 of the dividend income which would reduce the effective rate of tax on gross dividend distributions
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to 25% for higher rate taxpayers and eliminating the tax liabilities for basic rate taxpayers. From April 6, 2010 the UK Government has proposed the introduction of a new dividend rate of tax of 42.5% for individuals who are liable to UK tax with taxable earnings in excess of £150,000. For these individuals the UK tax credit will reduce the effective rate of tax on gross distributions to 36.1%.
An individual holder who is resident in the UK but is not ordinarily resident, or is not domiciled, in the UK and who has made an election for the remittance basis of taxation in the UK for the relevant tax year would generally be subject to UK income tax on distributions received in that tax year to the extent that sums are remitted in the UK in respect of those distributions. Remittance is interpreted broadly and is extended further under certain anti-avoidance legislation.
Corporate holders of Class A shares within the charge to UK corporation tax should generally expect to be exempt from United Kingdom taxation in respect of distributions that we pay on Class A shares where such shares are held for investment purposes.
Taxation of Chargeable Gains
A disposal of Class A shares by a holder who is either resident or, in the case of an individual, ordinarily resident for UK tax purposes in the UK, may, depending on the holders circumstances, give rise to a chargeable gain or an allowable loss (including by reference to changes in the U.S. dollar/UK sterling exchange rate) for the purposes of UK taxation of chargeable gains (subject to any available exemptions or relief). A holder who is an individual and who has ceased to be resident or ordinarily resident for UK tax purposes in the UK for a period of less than five years, and who disposes of Class A shares during that period, may, depending on certain further conditions relating to tax years prior to the tax year of his departure, be liable on his return to UK taxation of chargeable gains (subject to any available exemptions or relief).
For a holder within the charge to UK corporation tax, the corporation tax rate will apply to any chargeable gains (28% for large companies in 2010 and 2011), although an indexation allowance on the cost apportioned to Class A shares should be available to reduce the amount of any chargeable gain realized on a subsequent disposal. An individual holder will be subject to tax on any chargeable gain at the capital gains tax rate (18% for 2010 and 2011) and may also be entitled to set all or part of his gains against his annual capital gains exemption.
UK Stamp Duty and Stamp Duty Reserve Tax (SDRT)
As long as no register of our members or of the holders of any class of our shares is kept in the UK by us or on our behalf, the following position in respect of UK transfer taxes would apply. No UK stamp duty or stamp duty reserve tax (SDRT) would be payable in respect of the issue of Class A shares or any certificate representing Class A shares. Transfers of Class A shares or of interest in Class A shares under the system operated by DTC would not be subject to UK SDRT. Stamp duty would also not be payable on a transfer of Class A shares or of interests in Class A shares under the system operated by DTC provided that the instrument of transfer is not executed in the UK nor relates to any property situate, or any matter or thing done or to be done, in the UK. No UK stamp duty or SDRT would be payable in respect of the issue of Class A shares to Euroclear or Clearstream or on the transfer of Class A shares within Euroclear or Clearstream.
Other UK Tax Considerations
Individual holders ordinarily resident in the UK should be aware of the provisions of Chapter 2 of Part 13 of the Income Tax Act 2007 (ITA). These anti-avoidance provisions deal with the transfer of assets to overseas persons in circumstances which may render such individuals liable to taxation in respect of our undistributed profits. More generally, individual holders should also be aware of the provisions of Chapter 1 of Part 13 of the ITA and the corresponding provisions applicable to holders within the charge to UK corporation tax in sections 703-709 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 that give powers to HM Revenue and Customs to cancel tax advantages derived from certain transactions in securities.
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Companies resident in the UK should be aware of the fact that the controlled foreign companies provisions contained in sections 747-756 of the Income and Corporation Taxes Act 1988 could be material to any company so resident that holds alone, or together with certain other associated persons, 25%, or more of the Class A shares, if at the same time we are controlled by companies or any other persons who are resident in the UK for taxation purposes. Persons who may be treated as associated with each other for these purposes include two or more companies one of which controls the other(s) or all of which are under common control. The effect of such provisions could be to render such companies liable to UK corporation tax in respect of our undistributed income profits.
UK resident or ordinarily resident (and if an individual, resident or ordinarily resident and not taxed in the UK on a remittance basis) holders should be aware of the provisions of section 13 of the Taxation of Chargeable Gains Act 1992 under which, in certain circumstances where we would, if UK resident, be a close company, a portion of capital gains realized by us can be attributed to an investor who, alone or together with associated persons, has more than a 10% interest in us.
Material Venezuelan Tax Considerations
The following summary describes the material Venezuelan tax considerations relating to an investment in Class A shares by holders resident in Venezuela. This summary does not purport to be a comprehensive discussion of all Venezuelan tax considerations that may be relevant to a holder resident in Venezuela. In particular, this discussion does not consider any specific facts or circumstances that may apply to a particular investor. This summary is based on Venezuelan laws currently in force and as applied on the date of this prospectus, which are subject to change (change in the tax law cannot be applied retroactively. Under the Venezuelan Constitution and the Master Tax Code, any change in the income tax law must be applied only to the fiscal year that follows the date when law is enacted). Prospective holders of Class A shares should consult their own tax advisors to determine the tax consequences to them of acquiring, holding and disposing of Class A shares.
For the purpose of the material Venezuelan tax consequences described herein, we assume that, according to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law, tax residents in Venezuela are: (i) Venezuelan citizens; (ii) individuals who are present in Venezuela for more than 183 days in a tax period or during a former tax period; (iii) companies incorporated or domiciled in Venezuela; (iv) companies that have a permanent establishment ( e.g., fixed place of business, office, branch, workshop, factory or natural resource extraction site) in Venezuela.
We also assume that, according to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law, any income derived from Class A shares shall be regarded as income from a foreign (Non-Venezuelan) source for Venezuelan tax purposes.
The treaty to avoid double taxation executed between the United States and Venezuela (the U.S.Venezuela Treaty) would be applicable to any income (dividends/interest), received by Venezuelan tax residents in respect of an investment in Class A shares.
The U.S.Venezuela Treaty establishes that dividends paid from the United States to a Venezuelan tax resident are subject to income tax in Venezuela. Hence, the Venezuelan income tax rules for dividends would apply to dividends paid by us on Class A shares. According to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law dividends received from abroad are subject to income tax at a 34% proportional rate on the gross amount of such dividend.
The U.S.Venezuela Treaty also establishes that such dividends may be subject to tax in the United States, but that such U.S. tax must not exceed 15% of the gross amount of the dividends. According to the Venezuelan Income Tax Law, the aforementioned tax paid in the United States on dividend income may be credited to the tax payable in Venezuela on the same dividend income.
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According to Venezuelan Income Tax Law, interests from Class A shares are subject to tax in Venezuela. The taxable base of such tax will be the net profit of the interests. The applicable tax rate imposed on such profit would vary depending on whether the investor is an individual or a corporate entity as follows:
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For individuals, the following progressive rates would apply depending on the amount of the profit: |
Taxable Income (in Tax Units) (1) |
Tax Rate | ||
Up to 2,000 |
15.00 | % | |
Over 2,000 up to 3,000 |
22.00 | ||
Over 3,000 |
34.00 |
(1) | 1 Tax Unit 2008 = Bs. F 46 (approx. US $21.40). |
1 Tax Unit 2009 = Bs. F 55 (approx. US $25.58). |
1 Tax Unit 2010 = Bs. F 65 (approx. US $15.12). |
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For corporate entities, the following progressive rates would apply depending on the amount of the profit: |
Taxable Income (in Tax Units) |
Tax Rate | ||
Up to 2,000 |
15.00 | % | |
Over 2,000 up to 3,000 |
22.00 | ||
Over 3,000 |
34.00 |
Interests derived from Class A shares may also be subject to tax in the United States according to the U.S.Venezuela Treaty. However, such tax must not exceed a 10% rate over the gross amount of the interest earned. Under Venezuelan Income Tax Law, such tax paid in the U.S. for interests may be credited against the Venezuelan tax on income and is not limited to the tax payable in Venezuela with respect to the same interests all subject to the tax credit rules established under the Venezuelan Income Tax Law.
Under the U.S.Venezuela Treaty, capital gain realized on the transfer of Class A shares would only be taxable in Venezuela. Such gain would be treated as ordinary income and, therefore, the same taxable base and the same rates as for interests will apply to individuals and corporate entities.
Any loss realized in connection with an investment in Class A shares could only be allocated to income derived from a foreign (Non-Venezuelan) source.
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We, the selling shareholders and the underwriters named below have entered into an underwriting agreement with respect to the Class A shares being offered. Subject to certain conditions, each underwriter has severally agreed to purchase the number of Class A shares indicated in the following table. is the representative of the underwriters.
Underwriters |
Number of
Class A Shares |
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Total |
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The underwriters are committed to take and pay for all of the Class A shares being offered, if any are taken, other than the Class A shares covered by the option described below unless and until this option is exercised.
If the underwriters sell more Class A shares than the total number set forth in the table above, the underwriters have an option to buy up to an additional Class A shares from us and the selling shareholders. They may exercise that option for 30 days. If any Class A shares are purchased pursuant to this option, the underwriters will severally purchase Class A shares in approximately the same proportion as set forth in the table above.
The following tables show the per share and total underwriting discounts and commissions to be paid to the underwriters by us and the
selling shareholders. Such amounts are shown assuming both no exercise and full exercise of the underwriters option to purchase additional Class A shares from us and
Paid by the Company
No Exercise | Full Exercise | |||||
Per Share |
$ | $ | ||||
Total |
$ | $ |
Paid by the Selling Shareholders
No Exercise | Full Exercise | |||||
Per Share |
$ | ` | $ | |||
Total |
$ | $ |
Class A shares sold by the underwriters to the public will initially be offered at the initial public offering price set forth on the front cover of this prospectus. Any Class A shares sold by the underwriters to securities dealers may be sold at a discount of up to $ per share from the initial public offering price. If all the Class A shares are not sold at the initial public offering price, the representative may change the offering price and the other selling terms. The offering of the Class A shares by the underwriters is subject to receipt and acceptance and subject to the underwriters right to reject any order in whole or in part.
Certain of our executive officers, directors, employees and affiliates have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Class A shares during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the representative of the underwriters. We and our manager have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to
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dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Class A shares during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the representative of the underwriters. The selling shareholders have agreed with the underwriters, subject to certain exceptions, not to dispose of or hedge any of our Class A shares or securities convertible into or exchangeable for Class A shares during the period from the date of this prospectus continuing through the date that is days after the date of this prospectus, except with the prior written consent of the representative of the underwriters. See Shares Eligible for Future Sale for a discussion of certain other transfer restrictions.
Each of the restricted periods described in the preceding paragraph will be automatically extended if: (1) during the last 17 days of the applicable restricted period we issue an earnings release or announce material news or a material event; or (2) prior to the expiration of the applicable restricted period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 15-day period following the last day of the applicable restricted period, in which case the restrictions described in the preceding paragraph will continue to apply until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the issuance of the earnings release or the announcement of the material news or material event.
These restrictions do not apply to transfers of the Class A shares (i) as a bona fide gift or gifts, (ii) by will or intestate succession, (iii) to any trust, partnership or limited liability company for the direct or indirect benefit of the shareholder or the immediate family of such shareholder, provided that the trustee of the trust or such partnership or limited liability company, as the case may be, agrees to be bound in writing by the same restrictions and that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, (iv) with the prior written consent of the representative of the underwriters, (v) to a nominee or custodian of a person or entity to whom a disposition or transfer would be permitted, (vi) in connection with the forfeiture to us of Class A shares to cover tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of restricted share units and other equity based compensation granted to the shareholder subject to the transfer restrictions pursuant to an existing employee stock option plan or (vii) if the shareholder is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or similar entity, the shareholder may transfer Class A shares to any wholly-owned subsidiary or any stockholders, partners, members or similar persons of such shareholder, provided that in the case of a transfer pursuant to clause (vii), it shall be a condition to such transfer that the transferee executes an agreement stating that the transferee is receiving and holding such shares subject to the provisions of the lock-up agreement and there shall be no further transfer of such shares except in accordance with the lock-up agreement and that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value and no filing under Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with such transfer.
Prior to this offering, there has been no public market for the Class A shares. The initial public offering price will be negotiated among us and the representative. Among the factors to be considered in determining the initial public offering price of the Class A shares, in addition to prevailing market conditions, will be our historical performance, estimates of our business potential and earnings prospects, an assessment of our management and the consideration of the above factors in relation to market valuation of companies in related businesses.
An application has been made to list the Class A shares on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol . In order to meet one of the requirements for listing the Class A shares on the NYSE, the underwriters have undertaken to sell lots of 100 or more Class A shares to a minimum of 400 beneficial holders.
In connection with this offering, the underwriters may purchase and sell Class A shares in the open market. These transactions may include short sales, stabilizing transactions and purchases to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of Class A shares than they are required to purchase in this offering. Covered short sales are sales made in an amount not greater than the underwriters option to purchase additional Class A shares from us and the selling shareholders in this offering. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising their option to purchase
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additional Class A shares or purchasing Class A shares in the open market. In determining the source of Class A shares to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of Class A shares available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price at which they may purchase additional Class A shares pursuant to the option granted to them. Naked short sales are any sales in excess of such option. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing Class A shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of the Class A shares in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. Stabilizing transactions consist of various bids for or purchases of Class A shares made by the underwriters in the open market prior to the completion of the offering.
The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid. This occurs when a particular underwriter repays to the underwriters a portion of the underwriting discount received by it because the representatives have repurchased Class A shares sold by or for the account of such underwriter in stabilizing or short covering transactions.
Purchases to cover a short position and stabilizing transactions, as well as other purchases by the underwriters for their own accounts, may have the effect of preventing or retarding a decline in the market price of our Class A shares, and together with the imposition of the penalty bid, may stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the market price of our Class A shares. As a result, the price of our Class A shares may be higher than the price that otherwise might exist in the open market. If these activities are commenced, they may be discontinued at any time. These transactions may be effected on the NYSE, in the over-the-counter market or otherwise.
European Economic Area
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant Member State), each underwriter has represented and agreed that with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member State (the Relevant Implementation Date) it has not made and will not make an offer of Class A shares to the public in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the Class A shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that it may, with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, make an offer of Class A shares to the public in that Relevant Member State at any time:
(a) to legal entities which are authorized or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorized or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
(b) to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than 43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than 50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts;
(c) to fewer than 100 natural or legal persons (other than qualified investors as defined in the Prospectus Directive) subject to obtaining the prior consent of the representatives for any such offer; or
(d) in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by us of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an offer of shares to the public in relation to any Class A shares in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the Class A shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe for the Class A shares, as the same may be varied in that Relevant Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Relevant Member State and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.
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Each underwriter has represented and agreed that:
(a) | it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of Section 21 of the FSMA) received by it in connection with the issue or sale of the Class A shares in circumstances in which Section 21(1) of the FSMA does not apply to us; and |
(b) | it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the Class A shares in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom. |
The Class A shares may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than (i) in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), or (ii) to professional investors within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder, or (iii) in other circumstances which do not result in the document being a prospectus within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32, Laws of Hong Kong), and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the Class A shares may be issued or may be in the possession of any person for the purpose of issue (in each case whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere), which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to Class A shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to professional investors within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571, Laws of Hong Kong) and any rules made thereunder.
This prospectus has not been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the Class A shares may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the Class A shares be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore (the SFA), (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
Where the Class A shares are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is: (a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or (b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor, shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the Class A shares under Section 275 except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA; (2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or (3) by operation of law.
The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law of Japan (the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law) and each underwriter has agreed that it will not offer or sell any securities, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Financial Instruments and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.
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The underwriters do not expect sales to discretionary accounts to exceed five percent of the total number of Class A shares offered.
We estimate that our share of the total expenses of this offering in aggregate, excluding the underwriting discount, will be approximately $ .
We and the selling shareholders have agreed to indemnify the several underwriters against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act.
364
The validity of the Class A shares being offered hereby will be passed upon for us by OMelveny & Myers LLP, New York, New York. OMelveny & Myers LLP has provided a tax opinion in connection with the Class A shares being offered hereby. The underwriters have been represented by Cravath, Swaine & Moore LLP, New York, New York, in connection with the offering.
The consolidated and combined financial statements of Apollo Global Management, LLC as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, included in this prospectus have been audited by Deloitte & Touche LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report appearing herein (which report expresses an unqualified opinion on the consolidated and combined financial statements and includes an explanatory paragraph related to the adjustments made to retrospectively apply guidance for non-controlling interests issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board). Such financial statements have been so included in reliance upon the report of such firm given upon their authority as experts in accounting and auditing.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We have filed with the SEC a registration statement on Form S-1 under the Securities Act with respect to the Class A shares offered in this prospectus. This prospectus, filed as part of the registration statement, does not contain all of the information set forth in the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules, portions of which have been omitted as permitted by the rules and regulations of the SEC. For further information about us and the Class A shares, we refer you to the registration statement and to its exhibits and schedules. Statements in this prospectus about the contents of any contract, agreement or other document are not necessarily complete and, in each instance, we refer you to the copy of such contract, agreement or document filed as an exhibit to the registration statement.
Anyone may inspect the registration statement and its exhibits and schedules without charge at the public reference facilities the SEC maintains at 100 F Street, N.E., Washington, D.C. 20549. You may obtain copies of all or any part of these materials from the SEC upon the payment of certain fees prescribed by the SEC. You may obtain further information about the operation of the SECs Public Reference Room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. You may also inspect these reports and other information without charge at the website maintained by the SEC. The address of this website is http://www.sec.gov.
Upon effectiveness of the registration statement, we will become subject to the informational requirements of the Exchange Act and will be required to file reports and other information with the SEC. You will be able to inspect and copy these reports and other information at the public reference facilities maintained by the SEC at the address noted above. You also will be able to obtain copies of this material from the Public Reference Room as described above, or inspect them without charge at the SECs website. We intend to furnish our shareholders with annual reports containing consolidated financial statements audited by our independent registered public accounting firm. We maintain a website at www.agm.com . Our website and the information contained therein or connected thereto shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this prospectus or the registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part, and you should not rely on any such information in making your decision whether to purchase our Class A shares.
365
INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Page | ||
Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements |
||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 |
F-2 | |
F-3 | ||
F-4 | ||
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 |
F-5 | |
F-7 | ||
Audited Consolidated and Combined Financial Statements |
||
F-59 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 |
F-60 | |
F-61 | ||
F-62 | ||
F-64 | ||
F-67 |
F-1
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION (UNAUDITED)
JUNE 30, 2010 AND DECEMBER 31, 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
June 30,
2010 (Unaudited) |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 436,152 | $ | 366,226 | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at Consolidated Funds |
47,351 | | ||||||
Restricted cash |
6,460 | 6,818 | ||||||
Investments |
1,630,877 | 1,554,155 | ||||||
Assets of consolidated variable interest entities |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
86,271 | | ||||||
Investments, at fair value |
1,374,367 | | ||||||
Other assets |
43,775 | | ||||||
Carried interest receivable |
384,695 | 483,854 | ||||||
Due from affiliates |
144,580 | 133,678 | ||||||
Fixed assets, net |
63,703 | 67,794 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
630,738 | 644,395 | ||||||
Other assets |
13,485 | 11,329 | ||||||
Goodwill |
48,894 | 47,897 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
62,700 | 69,051 | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 33,095 | $ | 35,944 | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
65,728 | 30,388 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
271,315 | 321,424 | ||||||
Due to affiliates |
543,546 | 548,593 | ||||||
Profit sharing payable |
143,275 | 174,536 | ||||||
Debt |
933,031 | 933,834 | ||||||
Liabilities of consolidated variable interest entities |
||||||||
Debt, at fair value |
1,006,548 | | ||||||
Other liabilities |
89,995 | | ||||||
Other liabilities |
30,690 | 41,368 | ||||||
Total Liabilities |
3,117,223 | 2,086,087 | ||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (see note 13) |
||||||||
Shareholders Equity: |
||||||||
Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders equity: |
||||||||
Class A shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 96,346,032 and 95,624,541 shares issued and outstanding at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively |
| | ||||||
Class B shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 1 share issued and outstanding at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 |
| | ||||||
Additional paid in capital |
1,906,281 | 1,729,593 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(2,166,138 | ) | (2,029,541 | ) | ||||
Appropriated partners deficit |
(3,584 | ) | | |||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(2,483 | ) | (4,088 | ) | ||||
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
(265,924 | ) | (304,036 | ) | ||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
1,791,362 | 1,283,262 | ||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
331,387 | 319,884 | ||||||
Total Shareholders Equity |
1,856,825 | 1,299,110 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 4,974,048 | $ | 3,385,197 | ||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-2
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)
THREE AND SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Three Months Ended
June 30, |
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 26,844 | $ | 7,427 | $ | 37,913 | $ | 15,898 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
106,112 | 94,442 | 209,916 | 189,538 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(53,676 | ) | 39,840 | 55,045 | 92,998 | |||||||||||
Total Revenues |
79,280 | 141,709 | 302,874 | 298,434 | ||||||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
313,997 | 342,646 | 688,874 | 684,216 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense |
9,502 | 12,748 | 20,324 | 26,105 | ||||||||||||
Professional fees |
9,539 | 8,811 | 22,404 | 14,383 | ||||||||||||
General, administrative and other |
16,990 | 11,930 | 31,503 | 22,788 | ||||||||||||
Placement fees |
680 | 1,417 | 4,541 | 3,765 | ||||||||||||
Occupancy |
5,361 | 7,296 | 10,808 | 13,370 | ||||||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
6,041 | 6,109 | 12,146 | 12,098 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
362,110 | 390,957 | 790,600 | 776,725 | ||||||||||||
Other (Loss) Income: |
||||||||||||||||
Net (losses) gains from investment activities |
(11,005 | ) | 279,666 | 100,716 | 113,068 | |||||||||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(19,432 | ) | | (265 | ) | | ||||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| 36,193 | | 36,193 | ||||||||||||
(Loss) income from equity method investments |
(1,712 | ) | 32,572 | 6,168 | 23,134 | |||||||||||
Interest income |
300 | 293 | 662 | 701 | ||||||||||||
Other income, net |
25,264 | 23,218 | 21,906 | 39,151 | ||||||||||||
Total Other (Loss) Income |
(6,585 | ) | 371,942 | 129,187 | 212,247 | |||||||||||
(Loss) income before income tax provision |
(289,415 | ) | 122,694 | (358,539 | ) | (266,044 | ) | |||||||||
Income tax provision |
(12,727 | ) | (945 | ) | (16,782 | ) | (7,116 | ) | ||||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(302,142 | ) | 121,749 | (375,321 | ) | (273,160 | ) | |||||||||
Net loss (income) attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
23,744 | (257,232 | ) | (107,398 | ) | (117,161 | ) | |||||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
203,274 | 98,108 | 346,913 | 276,767 | ||||||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | ||||
Dividends Declared per Class A Share |
$ | 0.07 | $ | | $ | 0.07 | $ | 0.05 | ||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A Share: |
||||||||||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A ShareBasic and Diluted |
$ | (0.79 | ) | $ | (0.39 | ) | $ | (1.42 | ) | $ | (1.18 | ) | ||||
Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares Basic and Diluted |
96,346,032 | 95,624,541 | 96,065,452 | 96,011,763 | ||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-3
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY (UNAUDITED)
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Apollo Global Management, LLC Shareholders |
Apollo Global
Management, LLC Total Shareholders Deficit |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Consolidated Entities |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Total
Shareholders Equity |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Class A
Shares |
Class B
Shares |
Additional
Paid In Capital |
Accumulated
Deficit |
Appropriated
Partners Deficit |
Accumulated
Other Compre- hensive (Loss) Income |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2009 |
97,324,541 | 1 | $ | 1,384,143 | $ | (1,874,365 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,836 | ) | $ | (497,058 | ) | $ | 822,843 | $ | | $ | 325,785 | ||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 177,695 | | | | 177,695 | | 369,011 | 546,706 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | | | | (6,922 | ) | | (6,922 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (4,866 | ) | | | | (4,866 | ) | | (12,000 | ) | (16,866 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | (4,572 | ) | | | | (4,572 | ) | 4,273 | | (299 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contribution |
| | (102 | ) | | | | (102 | ) | 3,162 | | 3,060 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated entities |
| | (3,943 | ) | | | | (3,943 | ) | 3,943 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
| | 6,762 | | | | 6,762 | | | 6,762 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
(1,700,000 | ) | | (3,485 | ) | | | | (3,485 | ) | | | (3,485 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive (loss) income: |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (113,554 | ) | | | (113,554 | ) | 117,161 | (276,767 | ) | (273,160 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $1,035 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | | 1,387 | 1,387 | | 6,028 | 7,415 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (113,554 | ) | | 1,387 | (112,167 | ) | 117,161 | (270,739 | ) | (265,745 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2009 |
95,624,541 | 1 | $ | 1,551,632 | $ | (1,987,919 | ) | $ | | $ | (5,449 | ) | $ | (441,736 | ) | $ | 944,460 | $ | 86,272 | $ | 588,996 | ||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
95,624,541 | 1 | $ | 1,729,593 | $ | (2,029,541 | ) | $ | | $ | (4,088 | ) | $ | (304,036 | ) | $ | 1,283,262 | $ | 319,884 | $ | 1,299,110 | ||||||||||||||||
Transition adjustments relating to consolidation of variable interest entity |
| | | | | | | 411,885 | | 411,885 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 182,898 | | | | 182,898 | | 368,966 | 551,864 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of AAA shares |
| | | | | | | (740 | ) | | (740 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | | | | | | 15 | | 15 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | | | | (11,527 | ) | | (11,527 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (7,704 | ) | | | | (7,704 | ) | (6,602 | ) | (16,800 | ) | (31,106 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions related to deliveries of Class A shares for RSUs |
721,491 | | | (773 | ) | | | (773 | ) | | | (773 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | | 57 | | 57 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | | (18 | ) | | | (18 | ) | (575 | ) | | (593 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (4,605 | ) | | | | (4,605 | ) | 4,605 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
| | 6,099 | | | | 6,099 | | | 6,099 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss (income): |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (135,806 | ) | (3,584 | ) | | (139,390 | ) | 110,982 | (346,913 | ) | (375,321 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income on available-for-sale securities (from equity method investment) |
| | | | | 123 | 123 | | | 123 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $1,021 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | | 1,482 | 1,482 | | 6,250 | 7,732 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (135,806 | ) | (3,584 | ) | 1,605 | (137,785 | ) | 110,982 | (340,663 | ) | (367,466 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
96,346,032 | 1 | $ | 1,906,281 | $ | (2,166,138 | ) | $ | (3,584 | ) | $ | (2,483 | ) | $ | (265,924 | ) | $ | 1,791,362 | $ | 331,387 | $ | 1,856,825 | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-4
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
||||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (375,321 | ) | $ | (273,160 | ) | ||
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||
Equity-based compensation |
553,606 | 549,508 | ||||||
Depreciation |
5,795 | 5,772 | ||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
6,351 | 6,326 | ||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
28 | 14 | ||||||
Income from equity method investments |
(6,168 | ) | (23,134 | ) | ||||
Waived management fees |
(14,631 | ) | (17,969 | ) | ||||
Non-cash compensation related to waived management fees |
14,631 | 17,969 | ||||||
Deferred taxes, net |
12,550 | 3,156 | ||||||
Loss related to general partner commitments |
| 9,739 | ||||||
Loss on disposal of assets |
| 5 | ||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
| (36,193 | ) | |||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Carried interest receivable |
99,159 | (34,280 | ) | |||||
Due from affiliates |
(11,226 | ) | (18,613 | ) | ||||
Other assets |
(2,110 | ) | 18,865 | |||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(3,801 | ) | (10,542 | ) | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
39,698 | 9,761 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
(50,109 | ) | (43,157 | ) | ||||
Due to affiliates |
(4,850 | ) | 12,694 | |||||
Profit sharing payable |
(31,261 | ) | 16,073 | |||||
Other liabilities |
(600 | ) | 1,128 | |||||
Apollo Funds related: |
||||||||
Net realized (gains) losses from investment activities |
(186 | ) | 213 | |||||
Net realized gains on debt |
(1,679 | ) | | |||||
Net unrealized gains from investment activities |
(85,569 | ) | (123,020 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized losses on debt |
339 | | ||||||
Dividends from investment activities |
16,991 | | ||||||
Cash transferred in from Metals Trading Fund |
38,033 | | ||||||
Change in cash held at consolidated variable interest entities |
(86,271 | ) | | |||||
Purchases of investments |
(371,583 | ) | | |||||
Sales of investments |
82,972 | 4,441 | ||||||
Change in other assets |
(14,986 | ) | | |||||
Change in other liabilities |
77,006 | | ||||||
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities |
(113,192 | ) | 75,596 | |||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
||||||||
Purchases of fixed assets |
(2,169 | ) | (12,665 | ) | ||||
Business acquisition |
(1,354 | ) | | |||||
Cash contributions to equity method investments |
(42,023 | ) | (9,640 | ) | ||||
Cash distributions from equity method investments |
17,676 | 8,635 | ||||||
Change in restricted cash |
358 | (21,091 | ) | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (27,512 | ) | $ | (34,761 | ) | ||
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-5
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)
SIX MONTHS ENDED JUNE 30, 2010 AND 2009
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
|
Six Months Ended
June 30, |
|
||||||
2010 | 2009 | |||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||||||
Principal repayments on debt |
$ | (803 | ) | $ | (607 | ) | ||
Repurchase of debt |
| (54,521 | ) | |||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
| (3,485 | ) | |||||
Distributions related to deliveries of Class A shares for RSUs |
(773 | ) | | |||||
Distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(11,527 | ) | (6,922 | ) | ||||
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
15 | | ||||||
Dividends paid |
(7,704 | ) | (4,866 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(16,800 | ) |
|
(12,000
|
)
|
|||
Apollo Funds related: |
||||||||
Issuance of debt |
320,154 | | ||||||
Repayment of term loans |
(17,239 | ) | | |||||
Purchase of AAA shares |
(740 | ) | | |||||
Dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(6,602 | ) | | |||||
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |
257,981 | (82,401 | ) | |||||
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents |
117,277 | (41,566 | ) | |||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period |
366,226 | 381,367 | ||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period |
$ | 483,503 | $ | 339,801 | ||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |
||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 22,540 | $ | 26,763 | ||||
Interest paid by consolidated variable interest entities |
4,330 | | ||||||
Income taxes paid |
4,539 | 2,435 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing Activities : |
||||||||
Change in accrual for purchase of fixed assets |
749 | 4,495 | ||||||
Non-cash disposal of fixed assets |
| 405 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Financing Activities : |
||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
(18 | ) | (4,572 | ) | ||||
Non-cash distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(575 | ) | 4,273 | |||||
Non-cash contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group for equity-based compensation |
368,966 | 369,011 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
6,250 | 6,028 | ||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
(6,099 | ) | (6,762 | ) | ||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
4,605 | | ||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to AGM |
(4,605 | ) | | |||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps |
2,503 | 2,423 | ||||||
Unrealized gain on available-for-sale securities |
123 | | ||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
182,898 | 177,695 | ||||||
Net transfers to and from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| 3,943 | ||||||
Non-cash contribution |
| 102 | ||||||
Non-cash contribution from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
57 | 3,162 | ||||||
Deferred tax asset related to interest rate swaps |
(1,021 | ) | (1,036 | ) | ||||
Net Assets Transferred from Metals Trading Fund: |
||||||||
Cash |
38,033 | | ||||||
Other assets |
443 | | ||||||
Net Assets Transferred from Variable Interest Entities: |
||||||||
Investments |
1,102,114 | | ||||||
Other assets |
28,789 | | ||||||
Debt |
(706,027 | ) | | |||||
Other liabilities |
(12,991 | ) | |
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.
F-6
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Apollo Global Management, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries (the Company or Apollo), is a global alternative asset manager whose predecessor was founded in 1990. Its primary business is to raise, invest and manage private equity, capital markets and real estate funds on behalf of pension and endowment funds, as well as other institutional and high net worth individual investors. For these investment and management services, Apollo receives management fees generally related to the amount of assets managed, transaction and advisory fees for the investments made and carried interest income related to the performance of the respective funds that it manages. Apollo has three primary business segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed debt securities; and |
|
Real estate primarily invests in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. The Company may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP) and Rule 10-01 of Regulation S-X under the Exchange Act. The condensed consolidated financial statements, including these notes, are unaudited and exclude some of the disclosures required in annual financial statements. Management believes it has made all necessary adjustments (consisting of normal recurring items) so that the condensed consolidated financial statements are presented fairly and that any related estimates made are reasonable and prudent. Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation. The operating results presented for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for any other interim period or for the entire year. These condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated and combined financial statements of the Company for the year ended December 31, 2009.
Reorganization of the Company
The Company was formed as a Delaware limited liability company on July 3, 2007 and completed a reorganization of its predecessor businesses on July 13, 2007 (the Reorganization). The Company is managed and operated by its manager, AGM Management, LLC, which in turn is wholly owned and controlled by Leon Black, Joshua Harris and Marc Rowan (the Managing Partners).
As of June 30, 2010, the Company owned, through three intermediate holding companies that include APO Corp. (APO Corp), a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, APO Asset Co., LLC (APO Asset), a Delaware limited liability company that is a disregarded entity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and APO (FC), LLC (APO (FC)), an Anguilla limited liability company that is treated as a corporation for U.S Federal income tax purpose (collectively, the Intermediate Holding Companies), 28.6% of the economic interests of, and operated and controlled all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group as general partners.
AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (Holdings), is the entity through which its Managing Partners and other contributing partners (the Contributing Partners) hold Apollo Operating Group Units (AOG Units) that represent 71.4% of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating
F-7
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Group as of June 30, 2010. The Company consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as a Non-Controlling Interest in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
Apollo also entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings that allows the partners in Holdings, subject to the vesting and minimum retained ownership requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group, to exchange their AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares on a one-for-one basis up to four times each year, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for splits, unit distributions and reclassifications. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the ten Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share.
In April 2010, the Company began to consolidate Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. The Company consolidates Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. as the Company is the sole investor in the master and feeder fund structure of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. and the Apollo Commodities Trading Fund, L.P., respectively. There were no net open investment positions at June 30, 2010. Additionally, subsequent to June 30, 2010 the Company made a strategic decision to wind down the activities of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P.
Business Acquisition
On February 1, 2010, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of a limited company incorporated under the laws of Hong Kong and related entities thereto. The Company paid cash consideration of $1.4 million for identifiable assets with a combined fair value of $0.4 million, which resulted in $1.0 million of additional goodwill.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Accounting The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP under the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (the Codification) as the source of authoritative accounting principles in the preparation of financial statements.
Principles of Consolidation Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or through other means, including those funds in which the general partner is presumed to have control over them. Apollo also consolidates entities that are variable interest entities (VIEs) for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary. Under the amended consolidation rules, an enterprise is determined to be the primary beneficiary if it holds a controlling financial interest. A controlling financial interest is defined as (a) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entitys business and (b) the obligation to absorb losses of the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the VIE.
Certain of our subsidiaries hold equity interests in and/or receive fees qualifying as variable interests from the funds that the Company manages. The amended consolidation rules require an analysis to (a) determine whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would give it a controlling financial interest. Where the VIEs have qualified for the deferral of the amended consolidation rules as discussed in Recent Accounting Pronouncements, the analysis is based on
F-8
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
previous consolidation rules, which require an analysis to (a) determine whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE and (b) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity.
Under both guidelines, the determination of whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE requires judgments which include determining whether the equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, evaluating whether the equity holders, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity, determining whether two or more parties equity interests should be aggregated, and determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive returns from an entity. Under both guidelines, Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion continuously. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively. However, if it is not readily apparent that Apollo is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative expected losses and expected residual returns calculation will be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, affiliates of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Apollo fund may affect an entitys status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.
At each reporting date, Apollo assesses whether it is the primary beneficiary and will consolidate or deconsolidate the entity accordingly. Performance of that assessment requires the exercise of judgment. Where the variable interests have qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in estimating cash flows in evaluating which member within the equity group absorbs a majority of the expected profits or losses of the VIE. Where the variable interests have not qualified for the deferral, judgments are made in determining whether a member in the equity group has a controlling financial interest including power to direct activities that most significantly impact the VIEs economic performance and rights to receive benefits or obligations to absorb losses that are potentially significant to the VIE. Under both guidelines, judgment is made in evaluating the nature of relationships and activities of the parties involved in determining which party within a related-party group is most closely associated with a VIE. The use of these judgments has a material impact to certain components of Apollos condensed consolidated financial statements.
Upon adoption of the amended consolidation guidance on January 1, 2010, the Company determined that it was the primary beneficiary of one VIE and recorded a cumulative effect adjustment to Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated entities equal to the difference between the fair value of the VIE assets and liabilities. Assets and liability amounts of consolidated VIEs are shown in separate sections within the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition as of June 30, 2010. Changes in the fair value of the consolidated VIE assets and liabilities and related interest, dividend and other income and expenses subsequent to consolidation are presented within net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities and are attributable to Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated entities in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. In addition, the Company also consolidated an additional VIE upon its formation during the second quarter of 2010, whose gains or losses are recorded within appropriated partners deficit.
Refer to additional disclosures regarding VIEs in note 4. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the condensed consolidated financial statements.
Non-Controlling Interest For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than Apollo. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by the Company is included in Non-Controlling Interest in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Non-Controlling Interest relating to Apollo Global Management, LLC primarily includes the 71.4% (after March 2010 delivery of Class A
F-9
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
shares in respect of certain vested RSUs) ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group held by the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their partnership interests in Holdings, other ownership interests in consolidated entities, which primarily consists of the approximate 97% ownership interest held by limited partners in AAA and effective January 1, 2010, limited partner interests of Apollo managed funds in a consolidated VIE.
The authoritative guidance for Non-Controlling Interest in condensed consolidated financial statements requires reporting entities to present Non-Controlling (minority) Interests as equity and provides guidance on the accounting for transactions between an entity and Non-Controlling Interests. According to the guidance, (1) Non-Controlling Interest is presented as a separate component of shareholders equity on the Companys condensed consolidated statements of financial condition, (2) net loss includes the net loss attributed to the Non-Controlling Interest holders on the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interest are separately presented in the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and other ownership interests in the consolidated entities and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Held at Consolidated Funds Cash held at Consolidated Funds is not available to fund general liquidity needs of Apollo.
Investments, at Fair Value The Company follows U.S. GAAP attributable to fair value measurements, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. Investments, at fair value, represent investments in consolidated funds and investments of the consolidated VIEs with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in the fair value reflected as net gains (losses) from investment activities in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
Level I Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The type of investments included in Level I include listed equities and listed derivatives. As required by U.S. GAAP, the Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where the Company holds a large position and the sale of such position would likely deviate from the quoted price.
Level II Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments that are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives where the fair value is based on observable inputs.
Level III Pricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Investments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partner interests in corporate private equity and real estate funds, mezzanine funds, funds of hedge funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and collateralized debt obligations where the fair value is based on observable inputs as well as unobservable inputs.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investments level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of
F-10
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Companys assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment when the fair value is based on unobservable inputs.
Private Equity Investments
The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic) is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the last sales price on the date of determination.
Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of investments that are less liquid include the income approach and the market approach. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology used in the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are assumptions of expected results and a calculated discount rate. The market approach provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry. The market approach is driven more by current market conditions of actual trading levels of similar companies and actual transaction data of similar companies. Consideration may also be given to such factors as the Companys historical and projected financial data, valuations given to comparable companies, the size and scope of the Companys operations, the Companys strengths, weaknesses, expectations relating to the markets receptivity to an offering of the Companys securities, applicable restrictions on transfer, industry information and assumptions, general economic and market conditions and other factors deemed relevant. As part of managements process, the Company utilizes a valuation committee to review and approve the valuations. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had a ready market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
Capital Markets Investments
The majority of the investments in Apollos capital markets funds are valued using quoted market prices. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. The capital markets funds also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of this period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the credit default contract and the original contract price.
Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. When determining fair value pricing when no market value exists, the value attributed to an investment is based on the enterprise value at the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid investments included in Apollos capital markets
F-11
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
funds also may use the income approach or market approach. The valuation approaches used consider, as applicable, market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
U.S. GAAP guidance requires the disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
Except for the Companys debt obligation related to the AMH Credit Agreement (as defined in note 9), Apollos financial instruments are recorded at fair value or at amounts whose carrying value approximates fair value. See Investments, at Fair Value above. While Apollos valuations of portfolio investments are based on assumptions that Apollo believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the actual realized gains or losses will depend on, among other factors, future operating results, the value of the assets and market conditions at the time of disposition, any related transaction costs and the timing and manner of sale, all of which may ultimately differ significantly from the assumptions on which the valuations were based. Other financial instruments carrying values generally approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments or variable interest rates related to the borrowings. As disclosed in note 9, the Companys long term debt obligation related to the AMH Credit Agreement is believed to have an estimated fair value of approximately $835.9 million based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. However, the carrying value that is recorded on the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition is the amount for which we expect to settle the long term debt obligation.
Fair Value Option Apollo has elected the fair value option for the assets and liabilities of the consolidated VIEs. Such election is irrevocable and is applied to financial instruments on an individual basis at initial recognition. Apollo has applied the fair value option for certain corporate loans, other investments and debt obligations held by these entities that otherwise would not have been carried at fair value. Refer to note 4 for further disclosure on financial instruments of the consolidated VIEs for which the fair value option has been elected.
Valuation of Financial Instruments held by Consolidated VIEs
The consolidated VIEs hold investments that are traded over-the-counter. Investments in securities that are traded on a securities exchange or comparable over-the-counter quotation systems are valued based on the last reported sale price at that date. If no sales of such investments are reported on such date, and in the case of over-the-counter securities or other investments for which the last sale date is not available, valuations are based on independent market quotations obtained from market participants, recognized pricing services or other sources deemed relevant, and the prices are based on the average of the bid and ask prices, or at ascertainable prices at the close of business on such day. Market quotations are generally based on valuation pricing models or market transactions of similar securities adjusted for security-specific factors such as relative capital structure priority and interest and yield risks, among other factors.
The consolidated VIEs also have debt obligations that are recorded at fair value. The valuation approach used to estimate the fair values of debt obligations is the discounted cash flow method, which includes consideration of the cash flows of the debt obligation based on projected quarterly interest payments and quarterly amortization. Debt obligations are discounted based on the appropriate yield curve given the loans respective maturity and credit rating. Management uses its discretion and judgment in considering and appraising relevant factors for determining the valuations of its debt obligations.
F-12
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other Investments The Companys investments in the funds that it manages and are not consolidated, are accounted for under the equity method of accounting, whereby the Company records its share of the underlying income or loss of such funds as income (loss) from equity method investments in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The funds that the Company manages are, for U.S. GAAP purposes, investment companies and therefore apply specialized accounting principles and reflect their underlying investments at estimated fair value.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets must be reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. Identifiable finite-life intangible assets, by contrast, are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which are periodically re-evaluated for impairment or when circumstances indicate an impairment may have occurred. Apollo amortizes its identifiable finite-life intangible assets using the straight-line method. At June 30, 2010, the Company performed its annual impairment testing and determined there was no impairment of goodwill or indefinite life intangible assets at such time.
Use of Estimates The preparation of the condensed consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the condensed consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Apollos most significant estimates include goodwill, intangible assets, income taxes, carried interest income from affiliates, non-cash compensation and fair value of investments and debt in the consolidated and unconsolidated funds. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
On January 1, 2010, the Company adopted amended consolidation guidance issued by FASB on issues related to VIEs. The amended guidance significantly affects the overall consolidation analysis, changing the approach taken by companies in identifying which entities are VIEs and in determining which party is the primary beneficiary. The amended guidance requires continuous assessment of the reporting entitys involvement with such VIEs. The amended guidance also enhances the disclosure requirements for a reporting entitys involvement with VIEs, including presentation on the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition of assets and liabilities of consolidated VIEs that meet the separate presentation criteria and disclosure of assets and liabilities recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of financial condition and the maximum exposure to loss for those VIEs in which a reporting entity is determined to not be the primary beneficiary but in which it has a variable interest. The guidance provides a limited scope deferral for a reporting entitys interest in an entity that meets all of the following conditions: (a) the entity has all the attributes of an investment company as defined under AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , or does not have all the attributes of an investment company but is an entity for which it is acceptable based on industry practice to apply measurement principles that are consistent with the AICPA Audit and Accounting Guide, Investment Companies , (b) the reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity and (c) the entity is not a securitization entity (i.e., VIE entity), asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special-purpose entity. The reporting entity is required to perform a consolidation analysis for entities that qualify for the deferral in accordance with previously issued guidance on variable interest entities. Apollos involvement with the funds it manages is such that all three of the above conditions are met with the exception of certain vehicles which fail condition (c) above. As previously mentioned, the incremental impact of adopting the amended consolidation
F-13
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
guidance resulted in the consolidation of one VIE as of January 1, 2010. The Company also consolidated an additional VIE upon its formation during the second quarter of 2010. Further disclosures related to Apollos involvement with VIEs are presented in note 4.
In January 2010, the FASB issued guidance on improving disclosures about fair value measurements. The guidance requires additional disclosure on transfers in and out of Levels I and II fair value measurements in the fair value hierarchy and the reasons for such transfers. In addition, for fair value measurements using significant unobservable inputs (Level III), the reconciliation of beginning and ending balances must be presented on a gross basis, with separate disclosure of gross purchases, sales, issuances and settlements and transfers in and transfers out of Level III. The new guidance also requires enhanced disclosures on the fair value hierarchy to disaggregate disclosures by each class of assets and liabilities. In addition, an entity is required to provide further disclosures on valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for fair value measurements that fall in either Level II or Level III. Except for the Level III reconciliation disclosures, this guidance became effective for the Company beginning January 1, 2010. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements. The Level III reconciliation disclosures are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys condensed consolidated financial statements.
3. INVESTMENTS
The following table represents Apollos investments:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Investments, at fair value |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | ||
Other investments |
219,596 | 189,182 | ||||
Total Investments |
$ | 1,630,877 | $ | 1,554,155 | ||
Investments at Fair Value
Investments at fair value consist of financial instruments held by AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA), Apollo Commodities Trading Fund, L.P. (the Commodities Trading Fund) and consolidated VIEs as discussed further in note 4. As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the net assets of the consolidated funds and VIEs were $1,867.8 million and $1,364.6 million, respectively. The following investments are presented as a percentage of net assets of the consolidated funds:
Investments, at Fair
|
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value | Cost |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
Fair Value | Cost |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
AAA |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | | $ | 1,737,337 | 75.6 | % | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | | $ | 1,753,985 | 97.1 | % | |||||||||||
Commodities Trading Fund |
| (1) | | (1) | | (1) | | % | | 40,034 | 40,000 | 2.9 | % | ||||||||||||||
Total Investments |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | | $ | 1,737,337 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 40,034 | $ | 1,793,985 | |||||||||||||||
(1) | Refer to note 1 for a discussion regarding consolidation of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
F-14
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Securities
At June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the sole investment of AAA was its investment in AAA Investments, L.P. (AAA Investments). The following tables represent each investment of AAA Investments constituting more than five percent of the net assets of the consolidated funds as of the aforementioned dates:
June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost |
Fair
Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 124,761 | $ | 164,184 | 8.8 | % | ||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 146,131 | 143,898 | 7.7 | |||||||
Apollo Life Re Ltd. |
Equity | 98,002 | 135,900 | 7.3 | |||||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 118,209 | 116,140 | 6.2 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment Inc. |
Equity | 177,778 | 113,000 | 6.0 |
December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost |
Fair
Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 144,111 | $ | 184,575 | 13.5 | % | ||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 164,813 | 158,597 | 11.6 | |||||||
AP Investment Europe Limited |
Investment Fund | 339,488 | 135,473 | 9.9 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. |
Equity | 165,625 | 126,000 | 9.2 | |||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 103,081 | 111,152 | 8.1 | |||||||
Apollo Life Re Ltd. |
Equity | 98,002 | 87,900 | 6.4 | |||||||
AP Charter Holdings, L.P. |
Equity | 45,107 | 82,955 | 6.1 | |||||||
Rexnord Corporation |
Equity | 37,461 | 82,700 | 6.1 |
In addition to AAA Investments private equity co-investment in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. (Harrahs), as shown in the tables above, AAA Investments has an ownership interest in LeverageSource, L.P., which owns Harrahs debt. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is valued at $116.5 million at June 30, 2010 and $129.4 million at December 31, 2009, respectively. AAA Investments also owns equity, as a private equity co-investment, and debt, through its investment in Autumnleaf, L.P. and Apollo Fund VI BC, L.P. in CEVA Logistics. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is greater than 5% of net assets of consolidated funds and is valued at $87.3 million at June 30, 2010 and $97.8 million at December 31, 2009, respectively. AAA Investments also owns equity, as a private equity co-investment, and debt, in Momentive Performance Materials Holdings Inc. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is greater than 5% of net assets of consolidated funds and is valued at $71.6 million at June 30, 2010.
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. primarily invests in the securities of leveraged companies in North America and Europe through three core strategies: distressed investments, value-driven investments and special opportunities. In connection with the redemptions requested by AAA Investments of its investment in Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd., the remainder of AAA Investments investment in Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. was converted into liquidating shares issued by Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of Apollo Strategic Value
F-15
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Offshore Fund, Ltd.s existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred by Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd.
AP Investment Europe Limited (Apollo Investment Europe) invests in mezzanine, debt and equity investments of both public and private companies primarily located in Europe. The fund generates current income and capital appreciation through its flexible investment strategy, which is intended to capture opportunities across the capital structure. Due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, Apollo Investment Europes investment performance was adversely impacted, and on July 10, 2009, the companys shareholders approved a monetization plan, the primary objective of which is to maximize shareholder recovery value by (i) opportunistically selling Apollo Investment Europes assets over a three-year period from July 2009 to July 2012 (subject to a one-year extension with the consent of a majority of Apollo Investment Europes shareholders) and (ii) reducing the overall costs of the fund. Subject to compliance with applicable law and maintaining adequate liquidity, available cash received from the sale of assets will be returned to shareholders on a quarterly basis once all leverage in the fund is repaid. Substantially all of Apollo Investment Europes leverage was repaid during 2009.
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. (the Asia Opportunity Fund) is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns across market cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities created by the increasing demand for capital in the rapidly expanding Asian markets. In connection with a redemption requested by AAA Investments of its investment in the Asia Opportunity Fund, a portion of AAA Investments investment was converted into liquidating shares issued by the Asia Opportunity Fund. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of the Asia Opportunity Funds existing investments and liabilities, and as those investments are sold, AAA Investments is allocated the proceeds from such disposition less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred or reserves set by the Asia Opportunity Fund. At June 30, 2010, the liquidating shares had a fair value of $55.1 million.
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. invests primarily in European non-performing loans, or NPLs. Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. seeks to capitalize on the inefficiencies of financial institutions in managing and restructuring their non-performing loans. The investment in Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. has a life of five years plus two one-year extensions from December 22, 2009, the final closing of the fund. Distributed capital can be recalled for an 18-month recycle period.
F-16
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Net (Losses) Gains from Investment Activities
Net (losses) gains from investment activities on the condensed consolidated statements of operations includes net realized gains from sales of investments, and the change in net unrealized gains resulting from changes in fair value of the affiliated funds investments and realization of previously unrealized gains. The following tables present Apollos net (losses) gains from investment activities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009:
Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net unrealized losses due to changes in fair value |
$ | (9,961 | ) | $ | (1,044 | ) | $ | (11,005 | ) | |||
Net Losses from Investment Activities |
$ | (9,961 | ) | $ | (1,044 | ) | $ | (11,005 | ) | |||
Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net realized losses on sales of investments |
$ | | $ | (108 | ) | $ | (108 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized gains due to changes in fair value |
267,007 | 12,767 | 279,774 | |||||||||
Net Gains from Investment Activities |
$ | 267,007 | $ | 12,659 | $ | 279,666 | ||||||
Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair value |
$ | 102,990 | $ | (2,274 | ) | $ | 100,716 | |||||
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities |
$ | 102,990 | $ | (2,274 | ) | $ | 100,716 | |||||
Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net realized losses on sales of investments |
$ | | $ | (213 | ) | $ | (213 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) due to changes in fair value |
121,684 | (8,403 | ) | 113,281 | ||||||||
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities |
$ | 121,684 | $ | (8,616 | ) | $ | 113,068 | |||||
F-17
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other Investments
Other Investments primarily consist of equity method investments. Apollos share of operating income (loss) generated by these investments is recorded as other income (loss) in the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
(Loss) income from equity method investments for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009 consisted of the following:
For the Three Months
Ended June 30, |
For the Six Months
Ended June 30, |
|||||||||||||||
2010 | 2009 | 2010 | 2009 | |||||||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | (3 | ) | $ | 144 | $ | 64 | $ | 61 | |||||||
Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. (Fund IV) |
13 | 12 | 16 | 11 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. (Fund V) |
(12 | ) | 12 | 25 | 15 | |||||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. (Fund VI) |
139 | 164 | (241 | ) | 141 | |||||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P. (Fund VII) |
2,655 | 10,373 | 2,703 | 7,859 | ||||||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. |
114 | 462 | 321 | 280 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. |
7 | 15 | 13 | 17 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. |
(1 | ) | 16 | 8 | 17 | |||||||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P. |
(1,563 | ) | 6,400 | (1,088 | ) | 7,942 | ||||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. |
487 | | 1,191 | | ||||||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. (COF I) |
(1,190 | ) | 8,978 | (2,130 | ) | 3,394 | ||||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. (COF II) |
(363 | ) | 5,603 | 172 | 3,551 | |||||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
357 | 412 | 1,960 | 57 | ||||||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. |
(569 | ) | 1,642 | (111 | ) | 1,488 | ||||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. |
11 | (116 | ) | 133 | (116 | ) | ||||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
263 | | 120 | | ||||||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series A (Vantium A) |
(96 | ) | (3,703 | ) | (526 | ) | (5,285 | ) | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series C (Vantium C) |
(2,010 | ) | 2,155 | 3,514 | 3,694 | |||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series D (Vantium D) |
49 | 3 | 24 | 8 | ||||||||||||
Total (Loss) Income from Equity Method Investments |
$ | (1,712 | ) | $ | 32,572 | $ | 6,168 | $ | 23,134 | |||||||
F-18
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other investments as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 consisted of the following:
Equity held as of | ||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
% of
Ownership |
December 31,
2009 |
% of
Ownership |
|||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | 801 | 0.057 | % | $ | 746 | 0.056 | % | ||||
Fund IV |
38 | 0.007 | 30 | 0.006 | ||||||||
Fund V |
217 | 0.013 | 308 | 0.012 | ||||||||
Fund VI |
5,116 | 0.053 | 4,948 | 0.055 | ||||||||
Fund VII |
83,231 | 1.338 | 61,245 | 1.389 | ||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. |
5,094 | 0.524 | 4,773 | 0.513 | ||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. |
136 | 0.068 | 124 | 0.065 | ||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. |
131 | 0.058 | 123 | 0.058 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P. |
16,477 | 2.442 | 19,618 | 2.440 | ||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. |
3,440 | 6.156 | 2,249 | 6.160 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. |
29,121 | 2.046 | 26,402 | 2.007 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. |
25,318 | 1.474 | 20,223 | 1.455 | ||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
12,365 | 1.363 | 7,116 | 1.360 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. |
6,547 | 2.084 | 6,069 | 1.971 | ||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. |
3,378 | 1.186 | 2,918 | 1.186 | ||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
10,181 | 5.262 | 10,260 | 5.180 | ||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||
Vantium A |
2,644 | 11.864 | 3,170 | 14.158 | ||||||||
Vantium C |
15,006 | 4.684 | 18,529 | 6.291 | ||||||||
Vantium D |
355 | 6.345 | 331 | 6.345 | ||||||||
Total Other Investments |
$ | 219,596 | $ | 189,182 | ||||||||
F-19
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Fair Value Measurements
The following tables summarize the valuation of Apollos assets and liabilities, at fair value, in the fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||
Assets, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in AAA Investments, L.P. |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||||||
Investments in Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
| | | | | (1) | 40,034 | | (1) | 40,034 | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | $ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,364,973 | ||||||||||
(1) | Refer to note 1 for a discussion regarding consolidation of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Liabilities, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | $ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | $ | | $ | | $ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | ||||||||
The following table summarizes the changes in AAA Investments, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,437,947 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||
Purchases |
286 | 343 | ||||||
Distributions |
(16,991 | ) | (16,991 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized (losses) gains |
(9,961 | ) | 102,990 | |||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,411,281 | ||||
F-20
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes the changes in Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. investment, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 38,804 | $ | 40,034 | ||||
Purchases |
| | ||||||
Distributions (1) |
(37,760 | ) | (37,760 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized losses |
(1,044 | ) | (2,274 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | | $ | | ||||
(1) | Refer to note 1 for discussion regarding consolidation of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. |
The change in unrealized (losses) gains has been recorded within the caption Net (losses) gains from investment activities on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
The following table summarizes a look through of the Companys Level III investments by valuation methodology of the underlying securities held by AAA Investments:
Private Equity | ||||||||||||||
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
% of
Investment of AAA |
% of
Investment of AAA |
|||||||||||||
Approximate values based on net asset value of the underlying funds, which are based on the funds underlying investments that are valued using the following: |
||||||||||||||
Comparable company and industry multiples |
$ | 586,349 | 36.8 | % | $ | 527,105 | 33.2 | % | ||||||
Discounted cash flow models |
545,912 | 34.3 | 480,100 | 30.2 | ||||||||||
Broker quotes |
399,868 | 25.1 | 440,344 | 27.8 | ||||||||||
Options models |
2,100 | 0.1 | 14,000 | 0.9 | ||||||||||
Listed quotes |
33,073 | 2.1 | 40,447 | 2.6 | ||||||||||
Other net assets (liabilities) (1) |
24,880 | 1.6 | 83,514 | 5.3 | ||||||||||
Total Investments |
1,592,182 | 100.0 | % | 1,585,510 | 100.0 | % | ||||||||
Other net assets (liabilities) (2) |
(180,901 | ) | (260,571 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Net Assets |
$ | 1,411,281 | $ | 1,324,939 | ||||||||||
(1) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of certain funds in which AAA Investments has invested. Other assets and liabilities at the fund level primarily includes cash and cash equivalents, broker receivables and payables and amounts due to and from affiliates. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities and, accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
(2) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of AAA Investments, and are primarily comprised of $537.5 million and $650.0 million in long-term debt offset by cash and cash equivalents at the June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 balance sheet dates, respectively. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities (except debt) and, accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
F-21
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
4. VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES
The Company consolidates entities that are VIEs of which the Company has been designated as the primary beneficiary. The purpose of such VIEs is to provide strategy specific investment opportunities for investors in exchange for management and performance based fees. The investment strategies of the entities that the Company manages may vary by entity, however, the fundamental risks of such entities have similar characteristics, including loss of invested capital and the return of carried interest income previously distributed to the Company by certain private equity and capital markets entities. The nature of the Companys involvement with VIEs includes direct and indirect investments and fee arrangements. The Company does not provide performance guarantees and has no other financial obligation to provide funding to VIEs other than its own capital commitments.
Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
As of June 30, 2010, Apollo consolidated two VIEs. The assets of these consolidated VIEs are not available to creditors of the Company. In
addition, the investors in these consolidated VIEs have no recourse to the credit of the Company. The Company has elected the fair value option for financial instruments held by its consolidated VIEs, which includes the investments and debt
obligations held by such consolidated VIEs. Other assets includes amounts due from brokers and interest receivables. Other liabilities includes derivative investments and payables for securities purchased, which represent open trades within the
Fair Value Measurements
The following table summarizes the valuation of Apollos consolidated VIEs in fair value hierarchy levels as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009:
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,374,367 | $ | | $ | 1,374,367 | $ | | ||||||||
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Liabilities, at fair value |
$ | | $ | | $ | 5,283 | $ | | $ | 1,006,548 | $ | | $ | 1,011,831 | $ | |
Level III investments include corporate loan and corporate bond investments held by the consolidated VIEs, while the Level III liabilities consist of notes and loans, the valuations of which are discussed further in note 2. Level II liabilities include derivative investments that are valued using broker quotes.
F-22
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes the changes in investments of consolidated VIEs, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 1,121,723 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 1,102,114 | ||||||
Purchases |
313,485 | 371,240 | ||||||
Sales of investments |
(24,128 | ) | (82,972 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on investments |
819 | 186 | ||||||
Net unrealized losses on investments |
(36,478 | ) | (15,147 | ) | ||||
Elimination of equity investment attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,374,367 | $ | 1,374,367 | ||||
The following table summarizes the changes in liabilities of consolidated VIEs, which is measured at fair value and characterized as a Level III investment.
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 702,298 | $ | | ||||
Transition adjustment relating to consolidation of VIE on January 1, 2010 |
| 706,027 | ||||||
Borrowings |
320,154 | 320,154 | ||||||
Repayment |
(3,794 | ) | (17,239 | ) | ||||
Net realized gains on debt |
(681 | ) | (1,679 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized (gains) losses on debt |
(10,375 | ) | 339 | |||||
Elimination of debt attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(1,054 | ) | (1,054 | ) | ||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,006,548 | $ | 1,006,548 | ||||
F-23
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Net Losses from Investment Activities of Consolidated Variable Interest Entities
The following table presents the net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010:
For the Three
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
For the Six
Months Ended June 30, 2010 |
|||||||
Net unrealized losses from investment activities |
$ | (36,478 | ) | $ | (15,147 | ) | ||
Net realized gains from investment activities |
819 | 186 | ||||||
Net losses from investment activities |
(35,659 | ) | (14,961 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized gains (losses) from debt |
10,375 | (339 | ) | |||||
Net realized gains from debt |
681 | 1,679 | ||||||
Net gain on debt |
11,056 | 1,340 | ||||||
Interest income |
12,164 | 23,429 | ||||||
Other expenses |
(6,993 | ) | (10,073 | ) | ||||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated VIEs |
$ | (19,432 | ) | $ | (265 | ) | ||
Investments of Consolidated VIEs
The following table presents a condensed summary of the consolidated VIEs investments that are included in the condensed consolidated balance sheet as of June 30, 2010:
Fair
Value
as of June 30, 2010 |
% of Consolidated
Fund and VIE Net Assets |
|||||
Corporate Loans |
||||||
North America |
||||||
Communications |
||||||
Intelsat Jackson term loan due February 1, 2014 |
$ | 189,396 | 10.2 | % | ||
Other |
114,839 | 6.1 | ||||
Total communications |
304,235 | 16.3 | ||||
Manufacturing & industrial |
||||||
Servicemaster term loan due July 24, 2014 |
112,889 | 6.0 | ||||
Other |
92,424 | 4.9 | ||||
Total manufacturing & industrial |
205,313 | 10.9 | ||||
Healthcare |
||||||
Bausch & Lomb term loans due April 26, 2015 |
95,311 | 5.1 | ||||
Other |
23,002 | 1.2 | ||||
Total healthcare |
118,313 | 6.3 | ||||
Technology |
78,374 | 4.2 | ||||
Media, cable and leisure |
74,610 | 4.0 | ||||
Financial & business services |
42,529 | 2.3 | ||||
Consumer & retail |
35,005 | 1.9 | ||||
Packaging & materials |
18,356 | 1.0 | ||||
Energy |
12,174 | 0.7 | ||||
Metals & mining |
7,783 | 0.4 | ||||
Other |
10,671 | 0.6 | ||||
Total corporate loans North America (amortized cost $911,322) |
907,363 | 48.6 | ||||
F-24
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Fair
Value
as of June 30, 2010 |
% of Consolidated
Fund and VIE Net Assets |
||||||
Europe |
|||||||
Company/Industry Description |
|||||||
Healthcare |
|||||||
Alliance Boots senior facility B1 due July 5, 2015 |
$ | 178,516 | 9.6 | % | |||
Consumer & retail |
|||||||
Univar term loan B due October 10, 2014 |
147,211 | 7.8 | |||||
Other |
14,250 | 0.8 | |||||
Total consumer & retail |
161,461 | 8.6 | |||||
Media, cable and leisure |
13,668 | 0.7 | |||||
Chemicals |
4,900 | 0.3 | |||||
Total corporate loans Europe (amortized cost $421,401) |
358,545 | 19.2 | |||||
Total Corporate Loans (amortized cost $1,332,723) |
1,265,908 | 67.8 | |||||
Corporate Bonds |
|||||||
North America |
|||||||
Communications |
66,589 | 3.6 | |||||
Consumer & retail |
40,813 | 2.2 | |||||
Distribution & transportation |
1,944 | 0.1 | |||||
Energy |
828 | 0.0 | |||||
Total corporate bonds North America (amortized cost $103,714) |
110,174 | 5.9 | |||||
Europe |
|||||||
Media, cable & leisure |
3,041 | 0.2 | |||||
Total corporate bonds Europe (amortized cost $3,041) |
3,041 | 0.2 | |||||
Total corporate bonds (amortized cost $106,755) |
113,215 | 6.1 | |||||
Elimination of equity investments attributable to consolidated VIEs |
(4,756 | ) | (0.3 | ) | |||
Total investments of consolidated VIEs (amortized cost $1,439,478) |
$ | 1,374,367 | 73.6 | % | |||
F-25
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Senior Secured Notes, Subordinated Note, Term Loans Included within debt are amounts due to third-party institutions and an affiliate of the consolidated VIEs. The following table summarizes the principal provisions of the consolidated VIE debt as of June 30, 2010:
Description |
Principal
Outstanding Balance |
Fair Value |
Maturity Date |
Interest Rate |
Weighted
Average Interest Rate |
||||||||
Loans: (1)(2) |
|||||||||||||
Term A Loan |
$ | 293,157 | $271,581 | October 29, 2012 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 0.5% | 0.84 | % | ||||||
Term B Loan |
188,749 | (3) | 133,025 | June 13, 2013 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (GBP) plus 0.5% | 0.84 | % | ||||||
Term C Loan |
305,313 | 282,842 | October 29, 2013 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 0.5% | 0.84 | % | |||||||
787,219 | 687,448 | ||||||||||||
Notes: (4)(5) |
|||||||||||||
Senior secured notes A1 |
215,400 | 215,400 | May 20, 2020 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 1.7% | 2.24 | % | |||||||
Senior secured notes A2 |
10,668 | 10,668 | May 20, 2020 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 2.25% | 2.78 | % | |||||||
Senior secured notes B |
22,586 | 22,586 | May 20, 2020 | BBA 3 mo LIBOR (USD) plus 2.30% | 2.84 | % | |||||||
Subordinated note (6) |
70,446 | 70,446 | May 20, 2020 | N/A | N/A | ||||||||
319,100 | 319,100 | ||||||||||||
Total notes and loans |
$ | 1,106,319 | $1,006,548 | ||||||||||
(1) | Scheduled amortization payments received from investments held by the VIE are applied first against the loans until they are repaid in full. Scheduled interest payments received are generally used first to pay all fees and expenses under the agreement, then to pay interest due and payable to repay the loans. Any residual amounts are then paid to the VIE. To the extent certain of the investments are sold, the sales proceeds are applied first to repay the loans in an amount agreed upon under the credit agreement (currently 70% of such sales proceeds), and the remaining to the VIE. |
(2) | The loans are subject to certain affirmative and negative covenants which include, but are not limited to, a Market Trigger Event (MTE) covenant. An MTE occurs with respect to any loan in the portfolio if the market price on any business day is 20 (or more) percentage points lower than its purchase price and the Loan-to-Value Ratio is greater than 87.5%. Additionally the loans are subject to an Interest Coverage Ratio (ICR) covenant. ICR is calculated as of each interest payment date. The ratio of interest income to income expense for the twelve months ended each interest payment date must not be less than 1.75:1.00. If an MTE or a breach of the ICR occurs, the VIE must cure such breach by either prepaying a portion of the loans or selling the loan in the portfolio for which the breach pertains (applying 100% of the proceeds to the loan). The loans are subject to a Trigger Event provision. A Trigger Event occurs any time (a) an MTE has occurred and is continuing, (b) the Loan-to-Value Ratio at such time exceeds 90% and (c) an Event of Default has occurred and is continuing for at least 30 days. If a Trigger Event with respect to any loan is continuing, periodic cash flows of interest from the loans in the portfolio are applied first to prepay any and all outstanding loans before any proceeds are received by the VIE. |
(3) | Loan amount is denominated in GBP. Cost at June 30, 2010 was £96,065 and amounts are translated into U.S. dollars at a historical exchange rate of £1.00 to $1.96. |
(4) | Each class of notes will mature at par on the stated maturity, unless previously redeemed or repaid. Principal will not be payable on the notes except in certain limited circumstances. Interest on the notes is payable quarterly in arrears on the outstanding amount of the notes on scheduled payment dates. The subordinated note will be fully redeemed on the stated maturity unless previously redeemed. The subordinated notes may be redeemed, in whole but not in part, on or after the redemption or repayment in full of principal and interest on the secured notes. No interest accrues or is payable on the subordinated notes. |
(5) | The notes are subject to two coverage tests. These tests are primarily used to determine whether principal and interest may be paid on the secured notes and distributions may be made on the subordinated notes. The Coverage Tests will consist of the Overcollateralization Ratio Test and the Interest Coverage Test; each test applies to each note. The Overcollateralization Ratio Test and Interest Coverage Test applicable to the indicated classes of secured notes will be satisfied as of any date on which such Coverage Test is applicable, if (1) the applicable Overcollateralization Ratio or Interest Coverage Ratio is at least equal to the applicable ratio or (2) the class or classes of secured notes is no longer outstanding. The applicable Interest Coverage Ratio for Class A Notes and B Notes is 110.0% and 105.0%, respectively. The applicable Overcollateralization Ratio for Class A Notes and B Notes is 137.5% and 126.4%, respectively. |
(6) | The subordinated note was issued to an affiliate of the Company. Amount is reduced by approximately $1.1 million due to elimination of equity investment attributable to consolidated VIEs. |
F-26
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The consolidated VIEs have elected the fair value option to value the loans and notes. The general partner uses its discretion and judgment in considering and appraising relevant factors in determining valuation of these loans. As of June 30, 2010, the loans and notes are classified as Level III liabilities. Because of the inherent uncertainty in the valuation of the loans and notes, which are not publicly traded, estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been reported had a ready market for such loans existed.
The consolidated VIEs debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants as described above. As of the balance sheet date, the Company was not aware of any instances of noncompliance with any of these covenants.
Variable Interest Entities that are not Consolidated
The Company holds variable interests in certain VIEs which are not consolidated as it has been determined that Apollo is not the primary beneficiary of such VIEs.
The following tables present the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs for which Apollo has concluded that it holds a variable interest, but that it is not the primary beneficiary. In addition, the tables present the maximum exposure to loss relating to those VIEs.
June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Apollo Exposure | ||||||||||
Private Equity |
$ | 7,396,237 | $ | (25,598 | ) | $ | 18,005 | |||||
Capital Markets |
3,203,366 | (1,140,005 | ) | 8,800 | ||||||||
Real Estate |
1,563,615 | (1,251,939 | ) | | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 12,163,218 | (1) | $ | (2,417,542 | ) (2) | $ | 26,805 | (3) | |||
(1) | Consists of $204,886 in cash, $11,504,802 in investments and $453,530 in receivables. |
(2) | Represents $(2,372,278) in payables and accrued expenses, $(45,264) in securities sold, not purchased, and $0 in capital withdrawals payable. |
(3) | Apollos exposure is limited to its direct and indirect investments in those entities in which Apollo holds a variable interest. |
December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Apollo Exposure | ||||||||||
Private Equity |
$ | 5,767,009 | $ | (72,055 | ) | $ | | |||||
Capital Markets |
2,422,323 | (305,723 | ) | 5,019 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 8,189,332 | (1) | $ | (377,778 | ) (2) | $ | 5,019 | (3) | |||
(1) | Consists of $225,226 in cash, $7,470,213 in investments and $493,893 in receivables. |
(2) | Represents $(139,775) in payables and accrued expenses, $(45,487) in securities sold, not purchased, and $(192,516) in capital withdrawals payable. |
(3) | Apollos exposure is limited to its direct and indirect investments in those entities in which Apollo holds a variable interest. |
F-27
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
5. CARRIED INTEREST RECEIVABLE
Carried interest receivable from private equity and capital markets funds consists of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Private equity |
$ | 300,422 | $ | 328,246 | ||
Capital markets |
84,273 | 155,608 | ||||
Total carried interest receivable |
$ | 384,695 | $ | 483,854 | ||
The timing of the payment of carried interest due to the general partner or investment manager varies depending on the terms of the applicable fund agreements. Generally, carried interest with respect to the private equity funds is payable and is distributed to the funds general partner upon realization of an investment if the funds cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return. For most capital markets funds, carried interest is payable after the end of the relevant funds fiscal year or in certain cases fiscal quarter subject to high watermark provisions. There is currently no carried interest receivable associated with the Companys real estate segment.
The table below provides a roll-forward of the carried interest receivable balance during the six months ended June 30, 2010.
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Carried interest receivable at January 1, 2010 |
$ | 328,246 | $ | 155,608 | $ | 483,854 | ||||||
Change in fair value of funds |
30,316 | 24,729 | 55,045 | |||||||||
Fund cash distributions |
(58,140 | ) | (96,064 | ) | (154,204 | ) | ||||||
Carried interest receivable at June 30, 2010 |
$ | 300,422 | $ | 84,273 | $ | 384,695 | ||||||
6. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consist of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Prepaid expenses |
$ | 5,982 | $ | 3,922 | ||
Tax receivables |
3,467 | 3,471 | ||||
Prepaid rent |
1,188 | 1,601 | ||||
Rent deposits |
943 | 620 | ||||
Other |
1,905 | 1,715 | ||||
Total Other Assets |
$ | 13,485 | $ | 11,329 | ||
F-28
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
7. OTHER LIABILITIES
Other liabilities consist of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | 16,183 | $ | 26,639 | ||
Deferred rent |
9,892 | 9,582 | ||||
Deferred taxes |
2,668 | 2,754 | ||||
Other |
1,947 | 2,393 | ||||
Total Other Liabilities |
$ | 30,690 | $ | 41,368 | ||
Interest Rate Swap Agreements The principal financial instruments used for cash flow hedging purposes are interest rate swaps. Apollo enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to interest rate changes. The swaps effectively converted a portion of its variable rate debt under the AMH Credit Agreement (discussed in note 9) to a fixed rate, without exchanging the notional principal amounts. Apollo entered into interest rate swap agreements whereby Apollo receives floating rate payments in exchange for fixed rate payments of 5.068% (weighted average) and 5.175%, on the notional amounts of $433.0 million and $167.0 million, respectively, effectively converting a portion of its floating rate borrowings to a fixed rate. The interest rate swap agreements related to the $433.0 million are comprised of two components for $333.0 million and $100.0 million. The interest rate swap agreement related to the $333.0 million expired in May 2010. The interest rate swap agreement related to the $100.0 million expires in November 2010. The interest rate swap agreement related to the $167.0 million expires in May 2012. Apollo has hedged only the risk related to changes in the benchmark interest rate (three month LIBOR). As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company has recorded a liability of $16.2 million and $26.6 million, respectively, to recognize the fair value of these derivatives.
The Company has determined that the valuation of the interest rate swaps fall within Level II of the fair value hierarchy. The Company estimates the fair value of its interest rate swaps using discounted cash flow models, which project future cash flows based on the instruments contractual terms using market-based expectations for interest rates. The Company also includes a credit risk adjustment to the cash flow discount rate to incorporate the impact of non-performance risk in the recognized measure of the fair value of the swaps. This adjustment is based on the counterpartys credit risk when the swaps are in a net asset position and on the Companys own credit risk when the swaps are in a net liability position.
8. INCOME TAXES
The Apollo Operating Group operates in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions; accordingly, these entities in some cases are subject to the New York City Unincorporated Business Tax or, in the case of non-U.S. entities, income taxes in their local jurisdictions. In addition, APO Corp., a corporation wholly-owned by the Company, is subject to U.S. Federal, state and local corporate income taxes.
Apollos provision for income taxes totaled $12.7 million and $0.9 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $16.8 million and $7.1 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Apollos effective income tax rate was approximately (4.40)% and 0.77% for the three
F-29
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and (4.68)% and (2.67)% for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. As a result of the estimates used in its calculation, Apollos effective tax rate for U.S. GAAP reporting purposes is subject to significant variation from period to period.
Apollos effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2010 was due to the following: (i) income allocable to APO Corp was subject to federal, state and local corporate income taxes, certain wholly owned subsidiaries are subject to New York City unincorporated business tax and certain non-U.S. corporate entities continue to be subject to non-U.S. corporate income tax, (ii) a portion of the compensation charges that contribute to Apollos net loss are not deductible for tax purposes and (iii) income allocable to Non-Controlling Interests is not subject to corporate level income taxes.
As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the Company determined it was not required to establish a liability for
9. DEBT
Debt consists of the following:
June 30, 2010 | December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
Weighted Average Interest Rate |
|||||||||
AMH credit agreement |
$ | 909,091 | 4.33 | % (1) | $ | 909,091 | 5.15 | % (1) | ||||
CIT secured loan agreement |
23,940 | 3.46 | 24,743 | 3.64 | ||||||||
Total Debt |
$ | 933,031 | 4.30 | % | $ | 933,834 | 5.11 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes the effect of interest rate swaps. |
AMH Credit Agreement On April 20, 2007, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (AMH) entered into a $1.0 billion seven-year credit agreement (the AMH Credit Agreement). Interest payable under the AMH Credit Agreement may from time to time be based on Eurodollar (LIBOR) or Alternate Base Rate (ABR) as determined by the borrower. Through the use of interest rate swaps, AMH has irrevocably elected three-month LIBOR for $433 million of the debt for three years and $167 million of the debt for five years. The remaining amount of the debt is computed currently based on three-month LIBOR. The interest rate of the Eurodollar loan will be the daily Eurodollar rate plus the applicable margin rate (1.25% as of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009). The interest rate on the ABR term loan, for any day, will be the greater of (a) the prime rate in effect on such day, or (b) the Federal Funds Rate in effect on such day plus 0.5% and the applicable margin rate of 0.5%. The AMH Credit Agreement matures in April 2014. During April and May 2009, the Company repurchased a combined total of $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a gain of $36.2 million, which is included in other income in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. The interest rate on the loan at June 30, 2010 was 1.72%, and the estimated fair value of the Companys long term debt obligation related to the AMH Credit Agreement is believed to be approximately $835.9 million based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. The $909.1 million carrying value of debt that is recorded on the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition at June 30, 2010 is the amount that the Company expects to settle the AMH Credit Agreement.
F-30
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
As of June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, the AMH Credit Agreement is guaranteed by, and is collateralized by, substantially all of the assets of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH, as well as cash proceeds from the sale of assets or similar recovery events and any cash deposited pursuant to the excess cash flow covenant, which will be deposited as cash collateral to the extent necessary as set out in the AMH Credit Agreement. As of June 30, 2010, the consolidated net assets (deficit) of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH were $61.8 million, $14.4 million, $37.7 million, $30.3 million and $(1,304.2) million, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, the consolidated net assets (deficit) of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., and AMH were $13.2 million, $(7.8) million, $37.0 million, $70.2 million and $(1,284.1) million, respectively.
In accordance with the AMH Credit Agreement, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH and their subsidiaries are subject to certain negative and affirmative covenants. Among other things, the AMH Credit Agreement includes an excess cash flow covenant and an asset sales covenant. The AMH Credit Agreement does not contain any financial maintenance covenants.
The excess cash flow covenant provides that if AMHs debt to EBITDA ratio as of the end of any fiscal year exceeds the level set forth below (the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio), AMH must deposit its excess cash flow (as defined in the AMH Credit Agreement) in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of such fiscal year to 0.25 to 1.00 below the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio. The Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio per the AMH Credit Agreement is 4.75 to 1.00 for 2008; 4.25 to 1.00 for 2009; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2010; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2011; and 4.00 to 1.00 for 2012. Beginning in 2010, AMH must deposit excess cash flow in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of each fiscal year to 3.25 to 1.00.
The asset sales covenant provides that if AMH receives net cash proceeds from certain non-ordinary course asset sales, then such net cash proceeds shall be deposited in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce its debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the last day of the most recently completed fiscal quarter (after giving effect to such non-ordinary course asset sale and such deposit) to (i) for 2010, 2011 and 2012, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 and (ii) for all other years, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 4.00 to 1.00. As of June 30, 2010, the Company was not aware of any instances of non-compliance with the AMH Credit Agreement.
The AMH Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including events of default arising from non-payment, material misrepresentations, breaches of covenants, cross default to material indebtedness, bankruptcy and changes in control of AMH.
CIT Secured Loan Agreement During the second quarter of 2008, the Company entered into four secured loan agreements totaling $26.9 million with CIT Group/Equipment Financing Inc. (CIT) to finance the purchase of certain fixed assets. The loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 318 basis points per annum with interest and principal to be repaid monthly and a balloon payment of the remaining principal totaling $20.1 million due at the end of the terms in April and June 2013. At June 30, 2010, the interest rate was 3.53%.
Apollo has determined that the carrying value of this debt approximates fair value as the loans are primarily variable rate in nature.
F-31
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
10. NET LOSS PER CLASS A SHARE
U.S. GAAP requires use of the two-class method of computing earnings per share for all periods presented for each class of common stock and participating security as if all earnings for the period had been distributed. The two-class method requires allocation of distributed earnings and undistributed earnings to common shareholders and participating security holders. Under the two-class method, dividends declared on all classes of securities are first deducted from net income. The remaining amount (the undistributed earnings) is allocated among common and participating shares to the extent each security may share in such earnings. Distributions are then added to the undistributed earnings, and the total is divided by the applicable number of shares to arrive at the basic earnings per share.
The table below presents basic and diluted net loss per Class A share using the two-class method for the quarters ended June 30, 2010 and 2009.
Three Months Ended | Six Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
June 30,
2010 |
June 30,
2009 |
June 30,
2010 |
June 30,
2009 |
|||||||||||||
Numerator: |
||||||||||||||||
Net loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (135,806 | ) | $ | (113,554 | ) | ||||
Dividends declared on Class A shares |
(6,744 | ) (1) | | (6,744 | ) (1) | (4,866 | ) (2) | |||||||||
Dividends on participating securities |
(960 | ) | | (960 | ) | (299 | ) | |||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Class A Shareholders |
$ | (82,828 | ) | $ | (37,375 | ) | $ | (143,510 | ) | $ | (118,719 | ) | ||||
Denominator: |
||||||||||||||||
Weighted average number of Class A shares outstanding |
96,346,032 | 95,624,541 | 96,065,452 | 96,011,763 | ||||||||||||
Weighted average number of participating securities outstanding |
| | | (3) | | (3) | ||||||||||
Total Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares and Weighted Average Participating Securities Outstanding |
96,346,032 | 95,624,541 | 96,065,452 | 96,011,763 | ||||||||||||
Net loss per Class A share: Basic and Diluted: |
||||||||||||||||
Distributable Earnings |
0.07 | | 0.07 | 0.05 | ||||||||||||
Undistributed Loss |
(0.86 | ) | (0.39 | ) | (1.49 | ) | (1.23 | ) | ||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A Share |
$ | (0.79 | ) | $ | (0.39 | ) | $ | (1.42 | ) | $ | (1.18 | ) | ||||
(1) | The Company declared a $0.07 dividend on Class A shares in May 2010. As a result, there is an increase in net loss attributable to Class A shareholders presented during the six months ended June 30, 2010. |
(2) | The Company declared a $0.05 dividend on Class A shares in January 2009. As a result, there is an increase in net loss attributable to Class A shareholders presented during the six months ended June 30, 2009. |
(3) | Basic and diluted net loss per share are identical for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, as application of the treasury method for Apollo Class A share equivalents for the AOG Units for vested and unvested units are anti-dilutive. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, had the Class A shares been dilutive, the Company would have: (1) included an additional 240,000,000 shares from the conversion of the AOG Units and shares with respect to vested RSUs in the determination of diluted net income (loss) per Class A share and (2) adjusted net income (loss) related to amortization of the AOG Units and RSUs, as well as its related tax effects. |
On October 24, 2007, the Company commenced the granting of restricted share units (RSUs) that provide the right to receive, upon vesting, Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC, pursuant to the 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. RSU grants to Company employees during 2007, 2008 and certain RSU grants to Company employees in 2009 and 2010 provide the right to receive distribution equivalents on vested RSUs on
F-32
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
an equal basis with the Class A shareholders any time a dividend is declared. The Company refers to these RSU grants as Plan Grants. For any Plan Grant made before 2010, distribution equivalents are paid in January of the calendar year next following the calendar year in which a dividend on Class A shares was declared. In addition, certain RSU grants to Company employees in 2009 and 2010 (the Company refers to these as Bonus Grants) provide that both vested and unvested RSUs participate in distribution equivalents on an equal basis with the Class A shareholders any time a dividend is declared. As of June 30, 2010, approximately 13.7 million vested RSUs and 5.7 million unvested RSUs were eligible for participation in distribution equivalents.
Any distribution equivalent paid to an employee will not be returned to the Company upon forfeiture of the award by the employee. Vested and unvested RSUs that are entitled to non-forfeitable distribution equivalents qualify as participating securities and are included in the Companys basic and diluted EPS computations using the two-class method.
During periods when the entity is generating net losses, the net loss is allocated to participating securities only if the security has (1) the right to participate in the earnings of the entity and (2) an objectively determinable contractual obligation to share in net losses of the entity. The holder of a participating security would have a contractual obligation to share in the losses of the entity if the holder is obligated to fund the losses of the issuing entity or if the contractual principal or mandatory redemption amount of the participating security is reduced as a result of losses incurred by the issuing entity. Because the participating securities do not have a mandatory redemption amount and the holders of the participating securities are not obligated to fund losses, neither the vested RSUs nor the unvested RSUs are subject to any contractual obligation to share in losses of the Company.
Holders of AOG Units are subject to the vesting requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the agreements with the respective holders, and may up to four times each year (subject to the terms of the exchange agreement) exchange their AOG Units for Class A shares on a one-for-one basis. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the eight Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share. If converted, the result would be an additional 240,000,000 Class A shares added to the basic earnings per share calculation. Consequently, the Company applies the if converted method to determine the dilutive effect, if any, that the exchange of all AOG Units would have on basic earnings per Class A share. The assumed exchange of AOG Units includes an assumed tax effect resulting from the increased income (loss) allocated to the Company on the exchange of the AOG Units.
Apollo has one Class B share held by Holdings. The voting power of the Class B share is reduced on a one vote per one AOG Unit basis in the event of an exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares, as discussed above. The Class B share has no net income (loss) per share as it does not participate in Apollos earnings (losses) or distributions. The Class B share has no dividend or liquidation rights. The Class B share has voting rights on a pari passu basis with the Class A shares. The Class B share has a super voting power of 240,000,000 votes.
On February 11, 2009, Apollo repurchased 1.7 million Class A shares for $2 per share. The repurchase was followed by a corresponding exchange and cancellation of AOG Units by the Apollo Operating Group. The Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group was 28.9% prior to the repurchase and 28.5% after the repurchase. As Holdings did not sell any AOG Units to the Apollo Operating Group, its ownership in the Apollo Operating Group increased from 71.1% to 71.5%.
F-33
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
On March 12, 2010, the Company issued 0.7 million Class A shares in exchange for vested RSUs. This issuance caused the Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group to increase to 28.6% from 28.5%. As Holdings did not participate in this Class A share issuance, its ownership interest decreased from 71.5% to 71.4%.
11. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION
AOG Units
As a result of the service requirement, the fair value of the AOG Units of approximately $5.6 billion will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the five or six year service period, as applicable. Accordingly, we have recognized $516.7 million of compensation expense in the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations for both the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $258.3 million for both the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The estimated forfeiture rate was 3% for Contributing Partners and 0% for Managing Partners based on actual forfeitures as well as the Companys future forfeiture expectations. As of June 30, 2010, there was $2.1 billion of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested AOG Units that are expected to vest over the next three to four years.
Apollo
Operating Group Units |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
110,832,094 | $ | 23.35 | |||
Granted |
1,404,650 | 11.96 | ||||
Forfeited |
(1,404,650 | ) | 20.00 | |||
Vested at June 30, 2010 |
(22,014,340 | ) | 23.46 | |||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
88,817,754 | $ | 23.19 | |||
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 88,396,732 AOG Units are expected to vest over the next three to four years.
RSUs
On October 24, 2007, the Company commenced the granting of RSUs under the Companys 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. These grants are accounted for as a grant of equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The fair value of Plan Grants made in 2010 was approximately $93.5 million, which is based on valuation methods that consider market comparables for transfer restrictions and lack of distributions until vested. For Bonus Grants, the valuation methods consider transfer restrictions and timing of distributions. The total fair value will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, which can be up to 24 quarters or annual vesting over three years. The forfeiture rate was 7.1% and 4.0% for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and 2.8% and 2.9% for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $35.2 million and $30.0 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $20.7 million and $15.9 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, the Company delivered 0.7 million Class A shares in settlement of vested RSUs, which caused the Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group to increase to 28.6% from 28.5%.
F-34
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes RSU activity for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RSUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
19,937,996 | $ | 10.87 | 12,092,019 | 32,030,015 | ||||||
Granted |
9,502,594 | 9.83 | | 9,502,594 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(2,097,784 | ) | 10.33 | | (2,097,784 | ) | |||||
Vested at June 30, 2010 |
(2,519,289 | ) | 11.42 | 2,519,289 | | ||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
24,823,517 | $ | 10.46 | 14,611,308 | 39,434,825 | ||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 23,454,068 RSUs are expected to vest.
RDUs
On June 15, 2006, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P., purchased 3,700,000 restricted depositary units (RDUs) of AAA for $74.0 million. These units were purchased as part of the global private placement of AAA RDUs. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P. purchased an additional 2.2 million units of AAA for an aggregate purchase price of $26.2 million.
Incentive units that provide the right to receive RDUs following vesting are granted periodically to employees of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its affiliated management companies. These grants are accounted for as equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The RDUs subject to incentive units granted to employees generally vest over three years. In contrast, the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have received distributions of fully vested RDUs. The fair value of the grants is recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period (or upon grant in the case of fully vested RDUs). Vested RDUs can be converted into ordinary common units of AAA. During the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, the forfeiture rate was 2.5% and 7.6%, respectively. For the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $1.3 million and $2.8 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. For the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, $0.7 million and $1.4 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively.
During the six months ended June 30, 2010, the Company delivered 389,892 RDUs to individuals who had vested in these units. The delivery resulted in a reduction of the accrued compensation liability of $6.1 million and the recognition of net additional paid in capital of $1.5 million. These amounts are presented in the statement of changes in shareholders equity. There is no liability for vested but undelivered RDUs in accrued compensation in the condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2010. The following table summarizes RDU activity for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RDUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance January 1, 2010 |
221,221 | $ | 12.95 | 3,368,524 | 3,589,745 | ||||||
Granted |
200,000 | 7.20 | | 200,000 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(10,427 | ) | 13.00 | | (10,427 | ) | |||||
Vested at June 30, 2010 |
| | | | |||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
410,794 | $ | 10.15 | 3,368,524 | 3,779,318 | ||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 361,499 RDUs are expected to vest over the next three years.
F-35
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes the activity of RDUs available for future grants:
RDUs Available
for Future Grants |
|||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
2,418,528 | ||
Purchases |
91,657 | ||
Granted |
(200,000 | ) | |
Forfeited |
10,427 | ||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
2,320,612 | ||
Restricted Stock AwardsApollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (ARI)
On September 29, 2009, 97,500 and 140,000 shares of ARI restricted stock were granted to the Company and certain of the Companys employees, respectively. Additionally, on December 31, 2009, 5,000 shares of ARI restricted stock awards were granted to a Company employee. The fair value of the Company and employee awards granted was $1.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively. These awards vest over three years or twelve quarters, with the first quarter vesting on January 1, 2010. Effective March 23, 2010, an additional 102,084 shares of ARI restricted stock units (ARI RSUs) were granted to certain of the Companys employees. Pursuant to this issuance, 102,084 shares of ARI restricted stock were forfeited by the Companys employees. As the fair value of ARI RSUs was not greater than the fair value of the forfeited ARI restricted stock, no additional value will be amortized. The awards granted to the Company are accounted for as investments and deferred revenue in the condensed consolidated statement of financial condition. As these awards vest, the deferred revenue is recognized as management fees. The investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting for awards granted to the Company and as a deferred compensation asset for the awards granted to employees. Compensation expense will be recognized on a straight line-basis over the vesting period for the awards granted to the employees. The Company recorded an asset and a liability upon receiving the awards on behalf of the Companys employees. The awards granted to the Companys employees are remeasured each period to reflect the fair value of the asset and liability and any changes in these values are recorded in the condensed consolidated statement of operations. For the six months ended June 30, 2010, $0.7 million of management fees and $0.4 million of compensation expense were recognized in the condensed consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended June 30, 2010, $0.4 million of management fees and $0.2 million of compensation expense was recognized. The forfeiture rate for unvested ARI restricted stock awards and RSUs is estimated to be 6% as of June 30, 2010.
The following table summarizes activity for the ARI restricted stock awards and ARI RSUs that were granted to both the Company and certain of its employees for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
ARI
RSUs Unvested |
ARI
Restricted Stock Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of ARI Restricted Stock Awards and RSUs Issued |
|||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2010 |
| 242,500 | $ | 18.47 | | 242,500 | |||||||
Granted to employees of the Company |
102,084 | | 17.25 | | 102,084 | ||||||||
Forfeited by employees of the Company |
| (102,084 | ) | 18.46 | | (102,084 | ) | ||||||
Vested awards for employees of the Company |
| (24,166 | ) | 18.46 | 24,166 | | |||||||
Vested awards for the Company |
| (16,250 | ) | 18.48 | 16,250 | | |||||||
Balance at June 30, 2010 |
102,084 | 100,000 | $ | 17.86 | 40,416 | 242,500 | |||||||
F-36
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Units Expected to Vest As of June 30, 2010, 194,834 shares of ARI restricted stock and ARI RSUs are expected to vest.
Equity-based compensation is allocated based on ownership interests. Therefore, the amortization of the AOG Units is allocated to Shareholders Equity and the Non-Controlling Interests, which results in a difference in the amounts charged to equity-based compensation expense and the amounts credited to Shareholders Equity in the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three months ended June 30, 2010:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated to
Non-Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 258,336 | 71.4 | % | $ | 184,336 | $ | 74,000 | ||||||
RSUs |
20,722 | | | 20,722 | ||||||||||
ARI Restricted Stock Awards and ARI RSUs |
203 | 71.4 | 144 | 59 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
699 | 71.4 | 499 | 200 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 279,960 | 184,979 | 94,981 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs, ARI Restricted Stock Award and ARI RSUs |
(643 | ) | (259 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 184,336 | $ | 94,722 | ||||||||||
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the three months ended June 30, 2009:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated to
Non-Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 258,337 | 71.5 | % | $ | 184,711 | $ | 73,626 | ||||||
RSUs |
15,856 | | | 15,856 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
1,399 | 71.5 | 1,000 | 399 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 275,592 | 185,711 | 89,881 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs |
(1,000 | ) | (399 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 184,711 | $ | 89,482 | ||||||||||
F-37
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group (1) |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 516,672 | 71.4 | % | $ | 368,966 | $ | 147,706 | ||||||
RSUs |
35,192 | | | 35,192 | ||||||||||
ARI Restricted Stock Awards and ARI RSUs |
421 | 71.4 | 300 | 121 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
1,321 | 71.4 | 943 | 378 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 553,606 | 370,209 | 183,397 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs, ARI Restricted Stock Awards and ARI RSUs |
(1,243 | ) | (499 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 368,966 | $ | 182,898 | ||||||||||
(1) | Calculated based on average ownership percentage for the period considering the Class A share issuance in March 2010. |
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interest % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interest in Apollo Operating Group (1) |
Allocated
to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 516,672 | 71.5 | % | $ | 369,011 | $ | 147,661 | ||||||
RSUs |
30,034 | | | 30,034 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
2,802 | 71.5 | 2,003 | 799 | ||||||||||
Total Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 549,508 | 371,014 | 178,494 | ||||||||||
Less RDUs |
(2,003 | ) | (799 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-Based Compensation |
$ | 369,011 | $ | 177,695 | ||||||||||
(1) | Calculated based on average ownership percentage for the period considering Class A share repurchase in February 2009. |
F-38
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
12. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
As a management company, the Company is responsible for paying for certain operating costs incurred by the funds that it manages as well as their affiliates. These costs are normally reimbursed by such funds and are included in due from affiliates.
Due from affiliates and due to affiliates are comprised of the following:
June 30,
2010 |
December 31,
2009 |
|||||
Due from Affiliates: |
||||||
Management and advisory fees receivable from capital markets funds |
$ | 22,160 | $ | 25,904 | ||
Due from private equity funds |
28,041 | 17,120 | ||||
Due from capital markets funds |
10,895 | 12,574 | ||||
Due from portfolio companies |
67,994 | 62,379 | ||||
Due from real estate funds |
1,780 | | ||||
Due from Contributing Partners, employees and former employees |
12,273 | 12,134 | ||||
Other |
1,437 | 3,567 | ||||
Total Due From Affiliates |
$ | 144,580 | $ | 133,678 | ||
Due to Affiliates: |
||||||
Due to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement |
$ | 499,016 | $ | 514,044 | ||
Due to Managing Partners |
764 | 764 | ||||
Due to private equity funds |
42,739 | 32,046 | ||||
Due to capital markets funds |
| 314 | ||||
Other |
1,027 | 1,425 | ||||
Total Due To Affiliates |
$ | 543,546 | $ | 548,593 | ||
Tax Receivable Agreement
Subject to certain restrictions, each of the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners has the right to exchange their vested AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares. Certain Apollo Operating Group entities have made an election under Section 754 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, as amended, which will result in an adjustment to the tax basis of the assets owned by Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. These exchanges will result in increases in tax deductions that will reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future. Additionally, the further acquisition of AOG Units from the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners also may result in increases in tax deductions and tax basis of assets that will further reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future.
APO Corp. entered into a tax receivable agreement with the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners that provides for the payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign income taxes that APO Corp. would realize as a result of the increases in tax basis of assets that resulted from the Reorganization. These payments are expected to occur approximately over the next 20 years.
In April 2010, the Company made a cash payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners amounting to $15.0 million resulting from a realized tax benefit for the 2009 tax year.
F-39
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Special Allocation
In December 2009, the AMH partnership agreement was amended to provide for special allocations of income to APO Corp. and a reduction of income allocated to Holdings for the 2009 and 2010 calendar years. In connection with the amendment of the AMH partnership agreement in April of 2010, the tax receivable agreement was revised to reflect the managing partners agreement to defer 25% of required payments pursuant to the tax receivable agreement that is attributable to the 2010 fiscal year for a period of four years. The amendment allows for a maximum allocation of income from Holdings of approximately $22.1 million in 2009 and reduces the income allocation to Holdings from 71.4% to 0% in 2010. The Company allocated $12.0 million of AMH income to APO Corp. for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2010. The Company did not allocate any AMH income to APO Corp. for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2009.
Due from Contributing Partners, Employees and Former Employees
The Company has accrued a receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees and former employees for the potential return of carried interest income that would be due if the private equity funds were liquidated at the balance sheet date. Also see Due to Private Equity Funds.
Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program
Apollo has forgone a portion of management fee revenue that it would have been entitled to receive in cash and instead received profits interests and assigned these profits interests to employees and partners. The amount of management fees waived amounted to $7.3 million and $9.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $14.6 million and $18.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The related compensation expense was $7.3 million and $9.0 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $14.6 million and $18.0 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
Dividends/Distributions
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of the Companys quarterly dividend are at the sole discretion of the Companys manager.
On January 8, 2009, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per Class A share, which was paid as of January 15, 2009. Of the $16.9 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $4.9 million was received by the Company, and the remaining $12.0 million was paid to the Companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
On May 27, 2010, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid as of June 15, 2010. Of the $23.5 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $6.7 million was received by the Company, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to the Companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
Due to Private Equity Funds
On June 30, 2008, the Company entered a credit agreement with Fund VI, pursuant to which Fund VI advanced $18.9 million of carried interest income to the limited partners of Apollo Advisors VI, L.P., who are also employees of the Company. The advance was otherwise distributable to the Company based on the
F-40
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
partnership agreements between the Company and Fund VI and therefore results in an obligation to Fund VI and a receivable from the recipients of the advance. The loan obligation accrues interest at an annual fixed rate of 3.45% and terminates on the earlier of June 30, 2017 or the termination of Fund VI. As of June 30, 2010, the total outstanding loan aggregated $20.2 million, including accrued interest of $1.3 million, of which approximately $6.4 million was not subject to the indemnity discussed below and is receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees.
Assuming Fund VI liquidated on the balance sheet date, the Company has also accrued a liability to Fund VI of $13.1 million in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. Of this amount, approximately $3.6 million was not subject to the indemnity discussed below and is receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees of the Company. The total liability to Fund VI is $33.3 million, including the outstanding loan balance above, of which $10.0 million in total was receivable from the Contributing Partners and certain employees of the Company.
Indemnity
Carried interest income from certain funds that the Company manages can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, subject to certain limitations, the obligation of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular Managing Partners or Contributing Partners distributions. An existing shareholders agreement includes clauses that indemnify each of the Companys Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of certain funds that the Company manages (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that the Companys Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made distributions, we will be obligated to reimburse the Companys Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the certain distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of June 30, 2010, the Company has indemnified $23.3 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.3 million due to Fund VI.
Litigation Settlement
On December 29, 2008, pursuant to the terms of a settlement agreement, the Company and certain of its affiliates paid Huntsman Corporation (Huntsman) $425 million. Of this amount, Apollo Management VI, L.P. paid $200 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities: Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Global Management, LLC; Apollo Management IV, L.P.; Apollo Advisors IV, L.P.; Apollo Management V, L.P.; and Apollo Advisors V, L.P. As a result, a $200 million litigation settlement is included within the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008. The remaining portion of the settlement was paid to Huntsman by Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., a portfolio company that is outside of the Companys consolidated structure and therefore not included in the Companys financial
F-41
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
statements. Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc. paid Huntsman $225 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities comprising Apollo Funds IV and V: Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners IV, L.P.; Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners V, L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(A), L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(B), L.P.; and Apollo German Partners V GmbH & Co. KG. The impact of this $225 million payment resulted in a decrease of approximately $31 million of carried interest income allocated to the general partner of Fund V. The $425 million payment was in settlement of Huntsmans defamation claim against all of the foregoing entities. The Company subsequently received insurance proceeds of $37.5 million and $27.5 million from certain of its professional liability insurance carriers in respect of the litigation settlement. The $37.5 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. The $27.5 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010. There are no pending actions involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman transaction. Additionally, $15.0 million and $30.0 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys condensed consolidated statements of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2009, respectively.
Strategic Relationship Agreement
On April 20, 2010, the Company announced that it has entered into a new strategic relationship agreement with CalPERS. The new strategic relationship agreement provides that Apollo will reduce management and other fees charged to CalPERS on funds it manages, or in the future will manage, solely for CalPERS by $125 million over the next five years or as close a period as required to provide CalPERS with that benefit. The agreement further provides that Apollo will not use a placement agent in connection with securing any future capital commitments from CalPERS.
13. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Financial Guarantees Apollo has provided financial guarantees on behalf of certain employees for the benefit of unrelated third-party lenders, in connection with their capital commitment to certain funds managed by the Company. As of June 30, 2010, the maximum exposure relating to this financial guarantee approximated $4.9 million. Apollo has historically not incurred any liabilities as a result of these agreements and does not expect to in the future. Accordingly, no liability has been recorded in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements.
As the general partner of Apollo/Artus Investor 2007-I L.P. (Artus), the Company may be obligated for losses in excess of those allocable to the limited partners to the extent that there is negative equity in that fund. As of June 30, 2010, Artus did not have negative equity and accordingly, the Company has no current obligations to Artus. During the six months ended June 30, 2010, there were no investment losses.
Investment Commitments As a limited partner, general partner and manager of the Apollo private equity funds and capital markets funds, Apollo has unfunded capital commitments at June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009 of $149.5 million and $201.3 million, respectively.
Apollo has an ongoing obligation to acquire additional common units of AP Alternative Assets, L.P., on a quarterly basis, in an amount equal to 25% of the aggregate after-tax cash distributions, if any, that are made to its affiliates pursuant to the carried interest distribution rights that are applicable to investments made through AAA Investments, L.P.
Debt Covenants Apollos debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. As of the balance sheet date, the Company was not aware of any instances of noncompliance with any of these covenants.
F-42
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Litigation and Contingencies The Company is from time to time, party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including claims and litigation, reviews, investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding the Companys business. Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, the Company is of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which it is a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on the Companys financial statements. Legal actions material to the Company could, however, arise in the future.
On or about March 21, 2009, an entity known as LLDVF, L.P., which alleges that it is an investor in certain notes with a face amount of $43,500,000 issued by Linens n Things, Inc., or Linens, commenced an action in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against, inter alia, Apollo Management V, L.P., two Apollo partners, certain Apollo investment entities relating to the Linens transaction, certain current and former officers and directors of Linens, and certain other investors in Linens, alleging violations of the Federal Securities Laws and the making of negligent misrepresentations respecting the financial condition and future prospects of Linens from at least March 27, 2007 until May 2, 2008, the date on which Linens filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On July 10, 2009, the plaintiff effectuated service of the summons and complaint on the defendants. As stipulated by the parties and ordered by the Court, on September 23, 2009 the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, which asserted the same causes of action as alleged in the original complaint. On November 23, 2009, the defendants filed motions to dismiss the amended complaint. On August 12, 2010, the Court granted the defendants motions and dismissed the complaint without prejudice and subsequently agreed to allow plaintiff, until September 30, 2010, to file a second amended complaint in order to cure any deficiencies identified in the Courts rulings. Plaintiff filed its second amended complaint on September 30, 2010, and this most recently amended complaint asserts the same causes of action set forth in its first amended complaint, but no longer names the two Apollo partners as defendants. The parties have agreed to discuss, but have not finalized, a briefing schedule for the defendants expected motion to dismiss this second amended complaint. Currently, the Company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted defendants initial motions to dismiss plaintiffs first amended complaint without prejudice, and defendants anticipate moving to dismiss plaintiffs second amended complaint, filed on September 30, 2010, because defendants continue to believe the plaintiffs allegations lack factual and legal merit. In any event, the lawsuit is in its preliminary stages and no discovery has been taken. As a result, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
On July 16, 2008, Apollo was joined as a defendant in a pre-existing purported class action pending in Massachusetts federal court against, among other defendants, numerous private equity firms. The suit alleges that beginning in mid-2003, Apollo and the other private equity firm defendants violated the U.S. antitrust laws by forming bidding clubs or consortia that, among other things, rigged the bidding for control of various public corporations, restricted the supply of private equity financing, fixed the prices for target companies at artificially low levels and allocated amongst themselves an alleged market for private equity services in leveraged buyouts. The suit seeks class action certification, declaratory and injunctive relief, unspecified damages and attorneys fees. On August 27, 2008, Apollo and its co-defendants moved to dismiss plaintiffs complaint and on November 20, 2008, the Court granted the Companys motion. The Court also dismissed two other defendants, Permira and Merrill Lynch. In an order dated August 18, 2010, the Court granted in part and denied in part plaintiffs motion to expand the complaint and to obtain additional discovery. The Court ruled that plaintiffs could amend the complaint and obtain discovery in a second discovery phase limited to eight additional transactions. The Court gave the plaintiffs until September 17, 2010 to amend the complaint to include the additional eight transactions. On September 17, 2010, the plaintiffs filed a motion to amend the complaint by adding the additional eight transactions and adding Apollo as a defendant. On October 6, 2010, the Court granted plaintiffs motion to file the
F-43
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
fourth amended complaint. Currently, the Company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. The Court granted Apollos motion to dismiss plaintiffs initial complaint in 2008, and Apollo intends to file another well-supported motion to dismiss the fourth amended complaint, although no assurance can be given as to the motions outcome. Apollo also believes that regardless of whether its motion to dismiss is granted, plaintiffs claims and allegations lack factual and legal merit. In addition, discovery has not yet begun on the new transactions that plaintiffs propose to add to the litigation. For all of these reasons, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made at this time.
Apollo believes that each of these actions is without merit and intends to defend them vigorously.
Various state attorneys general and federal and state agencies have initiated industry-wide investigations into the use of placement agents in connection with the solicitation of investments, particularly with respect to investments by public pension funds. Certain affiliates of Apollo have received subpoenas and other requests for information from various government regulatory agencies and investors in Apollos funds, seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. CalPERS, one of Apollos Strategic Investors, announced on October 14, 2009, that it had initiated a special review of placement agents and related issues. Apollo is cooperating with all such investigations and other reviews. In addition, on May 6, 2010, the California Attorney General filed a civil complaint against Alfred Villalobos and his company, Arvco Capital Research, LLC (a placement agent that Apollo has used) and Federico Buenrostro Jr., the former CEO of CalPERS, alleging conduct in violation of certain California laws in connection with CalPERSs purchase of securities in various funds managed by Apollo and another asset manager. Apollo is not a party to the civil lawsuit and the lawsuit does not allege any misconduct on the part of Apollo. Apollo believes that it has handled its use of placement agents in an appropriate manner.
Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, Apollo is of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which it is a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on its financial statements. Legal actions material to Apollo could, however, arise in the future.
Commitments Apollo leases office space and certain office equipment under various lease and sublease arrangements, which expire on various dates through 2022. As these leases expire, it can be expected that in the normal course of business, they will be renewed or replaced. Certain lease agreements contain renewal options, rent escalation provisions based on certain costs incurred by the landlord or other inducements provided by the landlord. Rent expense is accrued to recognize lease escalation provisions and inducements provided by the landlord, if any, on a straight-line basis over the lease term and renewal periods where applicable. Apollo has entered into various operating lease service agreements in respect of certain assets.
As of June 30, 2010, the approximate aggregate minimum future payments required for operating leases were as follows:
Remaining
2010 |
2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
Aggregate minimum future payments |
$ | 13,846 | $ | 23,193 | $ | 23,074 | $ | 22,623 | $ | 22,085 | $ | 51,442 | $ | 156,263 |
Expenses related to non-cancellable contractual obligations for premises, equipment, auto and other assets were $6.8 million and $9.7 million for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively, and $14.0 million and $17.9 million for the six months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
F-44
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Contingent Obligations Carried interest income in both private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative carried interest recognized in income to date. If all of the existing investments became worthless, the amount of cumulative revenues that has been recognized by Apollo through June 30, 2010 and that would be reversed approximates $615.6 million. Management views the possibility of all of the investments becoming worthless as remote. Carried interest is affected by changes in the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds that Apollo manages. Valuations, on an unrealized basis, can be significantly affected by a variety of external factors such as bond yields and industry trading multiples. Movements in these items can affect valuations quarter to quarter even if the underlying business fundamentals remain stable. The table below indicates the potential future reversal of carried interest income.
June 30, 2010 | |||
Fund IV |
$ | 97,500 | |
Fund V |
287,457 | ||
Fund VII |
153,646 | ||
COF I |
51,472 | ||
COF II |
25,507 | ||
Total |
$ | 615,582 | |
Note: | EPF has not incurred or paid carried interest as of June 30, 2010, and the Company has a $13.1 million liability in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. |
Additionally, at the end of the life of certain funds that the Company manages, there could be a payment due to a fund by the Company if the Company as general partner has received more carried interest income than was ultimately earned. The current estimate of the general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed as of June 30, 2010 is $13.1 million, as discussed in Due to Private Equity Funds in note 12. The general partner obligation amount, if any, will depend on final realized values of investments at the end of the life of each fund.
Certain private equity and capital markets funds are not generating carried interest income due to unrealized and realized losses in the current and prior reporting periods. In certain cases, carried interest income will not be generated until additional unrealized and realized gains occur. Any appreciation would first cover the deductions for invested capital, unreturned organizational expenses, operating expenses, management fees and priority returns based on the terms of the respective fund agreements.
14. MARKET AND CREDIT RISK
In the normal course of business, Apollo encounters market and credit risk concentrations. Market risk reflects changes in the value of investments due to changes in interest rates, credit spreads or other market factors. Credit risk includes the risk of default on Apollos investments, where the counterparty is unable or unwilling to make required or expected payments.
The Company is subject to a concentration risk related to the investors in its funds. As of June 30, 2010, there were more than 800 limited partner investors in Apollos active private equity, capital markets and real estate funds, and no individual investor accounted for more than 10% of the committed capital to Apollos active funds.
F-45
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Apollos derivative financial instruments contain credit risk to the extent that its counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. Apollo seeks to minimize this risk by limiting its counterparties to highly rated major financial institutions with good credit ratings. Management does not expect any material losses as a result of default by other parties.
Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions that exceed insured limits are invested in interest-bearing accounts with U.S. money center banks.
Apollo is exposed to economic risk concentrations insofar as Apollo is dependent on the ability of the funds that it manages to compensate it for the services the management companies provide to these funds. Further, the incentive income component of this compensation is based on the ability of such funds to generate returns above certain specified thresholds.
Additionally, Apollo is exposed to interest rate risk. Apollo has debt obligations that have variable rates. Interest rate changes may therefore affect the amount of interest payments, future earnings and cash flows. At June 30, 2010 and December 31, 2009, $933.0 million and $933.8 million of Apollos debt balance excluding the debt obligations of the consolidated VIEs, had a variable interest, respectively. However, as of June 30, 2010, $267.0 million of the debt had been effectively converted to a fixed rate using interest rate swaps as discussed in note 7.
15. SEGMENT REPORTING
Apollo conducts its management and incentive businesses primarily in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically. These businesses are conducted through the following three reportable segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed debt instruments; and |
|
Real estate Apollo organized a commercial real estate finance company and launched a strategic investment account to invest principally in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. The Company may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
These business segments are differentiated based on the varying investment strategies. The performance is measured by management on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollos business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that excludes the effects of consolidation of any of the affiliated funds.
The Companys financial results vary, since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds that Apollo manages, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that the Company receives, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, the Company emphasizes long-term financial growth and profitability to manage its business.
The following tables present the financial data for Apollos reportable segments further separated between the management and incentive business as of June 30, 2010 and for the three and six months ended June 30, 2010
F-46
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
and 2009, respectively, which management believes is useful to the reader. The Companys management business has fairly stable revenues and expenses, while its incentive business is more event driven and can have significant fluctuations as it reflects the variable financial portion of the Companys business. The financial results of the management entities, as reflected in the management business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fees and expenses exclusive of profit sharing expense. The financial results of the advisory entities, as reflected in the incentive business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include carried interest income and profit sharing expenses.
Economic Net Income (Loss)
Economic Net Income (ENI) is a key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of Apollos private equity, capital markets and real estate segments, as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the Companys performance. Management also uses ENI in making key operating decisions such as the following:
|
Decisions related to the allocation of resources such as staffing decisions including hiring and locations for deployment of the new hires; |
|
Decisions related to capital deployment such as providing capital to facilitate growth for the business and/or to facilitate expansion into new businesses; and |
|
Decisions related to compensation expense, such as determining annual discretionary bonuses to its employees. As it relates to compensation, management seeks to align the interests of certain professionals and selected other individuals who have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to the funds, with those of the investors in such funds and those of the Companys shareholders. To achieve that objective, a certain amount of compensation is based on the Companys performance and growth for the year. |
ENI is a measure of profitability and has certain limitations in that it does not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. ENI represents segment income (loss) attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC, which excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the funds that are included in the condensed consolidated financial statements. Certain amounts in 2009 have been reclassified to conform with the 2010 presentation, as specified in the footnotes to the tables impacted.
F-47
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present the financial data for Apollos reportable segments as of June 30, 2010 and for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively:
As of and for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | 2,520 | $ | | $ | 26,844 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | 39,443 | 1,568 | 106,112 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest loss from affiliates |
(39,629 | ) | (14,047 | ) | | (53,676 | ) | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
49,796 | 27,916 | 1,568 | 79,280 | ||||||||||||
Expenses |
37,203 | 35,900 | 7,919 | 81,022 | ||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
29,560 | (5,190 | ) | 265 | 24,635 | |||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 42,153 | $ | (13,174 | ) | $ | (6,086 | ) | $ | 22,893 | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,073,317 | $ | 936,621 | $ | 16,920 | $ | 2,026,858 | ||||||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the three months ended June 30, 2010:
As of and for the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 79,280 | $ | | $ | 79,280 | ||||||
Expenses |
81,022 | 281,088 | (1) | 362,110 | ||||||||
Other income (loss) |
24,635 | (31,220 | ) (2) | (6,585 | ) | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 22,893 | (3) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 2,026,858 | $ | 2,947,190 | (4) | $ | 4,974,048 | |||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (11,005 | ) | |
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(19,432 | ) | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(785 | ) | ||
Interest income |
2 | |||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | (31,220 | ) | |
F-48
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 22,893 | ||
Income tax provision |
(12,727 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(7,261 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
203,274 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(279,960 | ) | ||
Net loss of Metals Trading Fund |
(1,343 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (75,124 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated VIEs. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the three months ended June 30, 2010 and 2009, respectively:
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 24,324 | $ | | $ | 24,324 | $ | 2,520 | $ | | $ | 2,520 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
65,101 | | 65,101 | 39,443 | | 39,443 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses |
| (83,700 | ) | (83,700 | ) | | (33,532 | ) | (33,532 | ) | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 44,071 | 44,071 | 10,240 | 9,245 | 19,485 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
89,425 | (39,629 | ) | 49,796 | 52,203 | (24,287 | ) | 27,916 | |||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
30,303 | (19,053 | ) | 11,250 | 23,860 | (7,199 | ) | 16,661 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
25,953 | | 25,953 | 19,239 | | 19,239 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
56,256 | (19,053 | ) | 37,203 | 43,099 | (7,199 | ) | 35,900 | |||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
28,039 | 1,521 | 29,560 | (2,479 | ) | (2,711 | ) | (5,190 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 61,208 | $ | (19,055 | ) | $ | 42,153 | $ | 6,625 | $ | (19,799 | ) | $ | (13,174 | ) | ||||||||
F-49
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,568 | | 1,568 | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,568 | | 1,568 | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
6,126 | | 6,126 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
1,793 | | 1,793 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
7,919 | | 7,919 | ||||||||
Other Income |
2 | 263 | 265 | ||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (6,349 | ) | $ | 263 | $ | (6,086 | ) | |||
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 6,349 | $ | 1,078 | $ | | $ | 7,427 | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
63,155 | 31,287 | | 94,442 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
27,641 | 12,199 | | 39,840 | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
97,145 | 44,564 | | 141,709 | |||||||||
Expenses |
72,704 | 37,601 | 4,249 | 114,554 | |||||||||
Other Income |
56,934 | 55,261 | 1,163 | 113,358 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 81,375 | $ | 62,224 | $ | (3,086 | ) | $ | 140,513 | ||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements for the three months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
|||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 141,709 | $ | | $ | 141,709 | |||||
Expenses |
114,554 | 276,403 | (1) | 390,957 | |||||||
Other income |
113,358 | 258,584 | (2) | 371,942 | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 140,513 | (3) | N/A | N/A | ||||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-50
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 268,443 | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(9,866 | ) | ||
Interest income |
8 | |||
Other loss |
(1 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 258,584 | ||
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 140,513 | ||
Income tax provision |
(945 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in
|
(762 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
98,108 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(275,592 | ) | ||
Net income of Metals Trading Fund |
1,303 | |||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (37,375 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the three months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
For the Three Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 6,349 | $ | | $ | 6,349 | $ | 1,078 | $ | | $ | 1,078 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
63,155 | | 63,155 | 31,287 | | 31,287 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 20,713 | 20,713 | | 99 | 99 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 6,928 | 6,928 | 12,100 | | 12,100 | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
69,504 | 27,641 | 97,145 | 44,465 | 99 | 44,564 | ||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
33,337 | 12,043 | 45,380 | 18,799 | | 18,799 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses |
27,324 | | 27,324 | 18,802 | | 18,802 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
60,661 | 12,043 | 72,704 | 37,601 | | 37,601 | ||||||||||||
Other Income |
38,633 | 18,301 | 56,934 | 19,901 | 35,360 | 55,261 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 47,476 | $ | 33,899 | $ | 81,375 | $ | 26,765 | $ | 35,459 | $ | 62,224 | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from Apollo Investment Corporation, a publicly traded business development company that is managed by Apollo, of $12.1 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $2.1 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
F-51
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Three Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
| | | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
2,876 | | 2,876 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
1,373 | | 1,373 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
4,249 | | 4,249 | ||||||||
Other Income |
1,163 | | 1,163 | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (3,086 | ) | $ | | $ | (3,086 | ) | |||
As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | ||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | 5,814 | $ | | $ | 37,913 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | 77,251 | 3,215 | 209,916 | ||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
30,316 | 24,729 | | 55,045 | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
191,865 | 107,794 | 3,215 | 302,874 | ||||||||||
Expenses |
139,402 | 82,416 | 13,289 | 235,107 | ||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
36,263 | (4,215 | ) | 194 | 32,242 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 88,726 | $ | 21,163 | $ | (9,880 | ) | $ | 100,009 | |||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,073,317 | $ | 936,621 | $ | 16,920 | $ | 2,026,858 | ||||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements as of and for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
As of and for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
|||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 302,874 | $ | | $ | 302,874 | |||||
Expenses |
235,107 | 555,493 | (1) | 790,600 | |||||||
Other income |
32,242 | 96,945 | (2) | 129,187 | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 100,009 | (3) | N/A | N/A | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 2,026,858 | $ | 2,947,190 | (4) | $ | 4,974,048 | ||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs, as well as expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-52
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 100,716 | ||
Net losses from investment activities of consolidated variable interest entities |
(265 | ) | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(3,508 | ) | ||
Interest income |
2 | |||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 96,945 | ||
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 100,009 | ||
Income tax provision |
(16,782 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(9,767 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
346,913 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(553,606 | ) | ||
Net loss of Metals Trading Fund |
(2,573 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (135,806 | ) | |
* | Excludes the Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA and consolidated VIEs. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of consolidated funds and consolidated VIEs. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2010:
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2010 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 32,099 | $ | | $ | 32,099 | $ | 5,814 | $ | | $ | 5,814 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
129,450 | | 129,450 | 77,251 | | 77,251 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses |
| (26,187 | ) | (26,187 | ) | | (45,811 | ) | (45,811 | ) | |||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 56,503 | 56,503 | 22,340 | 48,200 | 70,540 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
161,549 | 30,316 | 191,865 | 105,405 | 2,389 | 107,794 | |||||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
63,495 | 21,015 | 84,510 | 46,761 | (5,806 | ) | 40,955 | ||||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
54,892 | | 54,892 | 41,461 | | 41,461 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
118,387 | 21,015 | 139,402 | 88,222 | (5,806 | ) | 82,416 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
27,176 | 9,087 | 36,263 | (4,684 | ) | 469 | (4,215 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 70,338 | $ | 18,388 | $ | 88,726 | $ | 12,499 | $ | 8,664 | $ | 21,163 | |||||||||||
F-53
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2010 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
3,215 | | 3,215 | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
3,215 | | 3,215 | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
9,803 | | 9,803 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
3,486 | | 3,486 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
13,289 | | 13,289 | ||||||||
Other Income |
74 | 120 | 194 | ||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (10,000 | ) | $ | 120 | $ | (9,880 | ) | |||
The following table presents the financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 13,754 | $ | 2,144 | $ | | $ | 15,898 | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
127,328 | 62,210 | | 189,538 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
67,466 | 25,532 | | 92,998 | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
208,548 | 89,886 | | 298,434 | |||||||||
Expenses |
144,431 | 72,935 | 8,132 | 225,498 | |||||||||
Other Income |
66,145 | 26,865 | 1,150 | 94,160 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 130,262 | $ | 43,816 | $ | (6,982 | ) | $ | 167,096 | ||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Condensed
Consolidated |
|||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 298,434 | $ | | $ | 298,434 | |||||
Expenses |
225,498 | 551,227 | (1) | 776,725 | |||||||
Other income |
94,160 | 118,087 | (2) | 212,247 | |||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 167,096 | (3) | N/A | N/A | ||||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of consolidated funds and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-54
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 122,803 | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(4,725 | ) | ||
Interest income |
10 | |||
Other loss |
(1 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 118,087 | ||
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the condensed consolidated statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 167,096 | ||
Income tax provision |
(7,116 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(1,521 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
276,767 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(549,508 | ) | ||
Net income of Metals Trading Fund |
728 | |||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (113,554 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
F-55
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the six months ended June 30, 2009:
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
For the Six Months Ended
June 30, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 13,754 | $ | | $ | 13,754 | $ | 2,144 | $ | | $ | 2,144 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
127,328 | | 127,328 | 62,210 | | 62,210 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 34,629 | 34,629 | | 747 | 747 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 32,837 | 32,837 | 24,785 | | 24,785 | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
141,082 | 67,466 | 208,548 | 89,139 | 747 | 89,886 | ||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
63,765 | 27,638 | 91,403 | 37,578 | | 37,578 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses |
53,028 | | 53,028 | 35,357 | | 35,357 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
116,793 | 27,638 | 144,431 | 72,935 | | 72,935 | ||||||||||||
Other Income |
55,641 | 10,504 | 66,145 | 19,245 | 7,620 | 26,865 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 79,930 | $ | 50,332 | $ | 130,262 | $ | 35,449 | $ | 8,367 | $ | 43,816 | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from Apollo Investment Corporation, a publicly traded business development company that is managed by Apollo, of $24.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $4.3 million during 2009 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2010 presentation. |
For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2009 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
| | | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
5,728 | | 5,728 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
2,404 | | 2,404 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
8,132 | | 8,132 | ||||||||
Other Income |
1,150 | | 1,150 | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (6,982 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,982 | ) | |||
F-56
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table presents total assets for Apollos reportable segments, and reconciles the segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs condensed consolidated financial statements as of December 31, 2009:
As of December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments |
Condensed
Consolidated |
||||||||||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,062,043 | $ | 981,390 | $ | 13,852 | $ | 2,057,285 | $ | 1,327,912 | (a) | $ | 3,385,197 |
(a) | Represents the addition of assets of AAA and Commodities Trading Fund. |
16. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
On May 8, 2010, an affiliate of Apollo Global Management, LLC entered into a purchase and sale agreement to acquire a real estate private equity business from a financial institution. Upon closing of the acquisition, Apollo will be acquiring general partner interests in, and advisory agreements with, various real estate investment funds and co-invest vehicles and adding to our team of real estate investment professionals. The closing of the acquisition is subject to the receipt of certain third-party consents and the satisfaction of customary closing conditions. The transaction is expected to close during the fourth quarter of 2010.
Subsequent to June 30, 2010, the Company made a strategic decision to wind down the activities of Apollo Metals Trading Fund, L.P. The Company recovered its remaining investment and there was no further impact to net income after the funds closing.
On July 9, 2010, July 23, 2010 and September 30, 2010, the Company issued 1,539,680 Class A shares, 31,250 Class A shares and 11,405 Class A shares, respectively, in settlement of vested RSUs. The issuances caused the Companys ownership of the Apollo Operating Group to increase to 29.0% from 28.6%. As Holdings did not participate in this Class A issuance, its ownership interest decreased to 71.0% from 71.4%.
The Board of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA approved the commencement of an offer to purchase for cash up to 4,545,454 common units or RDUs (Units) for a maximum aggregate consideration of up to $25 million (the Tender Offer). The Tender Offer dated July 12, 2010 was announced on July 12, 2010 and remained open until August 11, 2010. Under the terms of the Tender Offer, Units were able to be tendered to AAA by unitholders or RDU holders at a price range between $5.50 and $7.00 per Unit. As of August 11, 2010, 6,777,308 Units had been tendered by the unitholders and RDU holders. Under the terms of the Tender Offer, the price payable per Unit was determined to be $7.00. Due to the fact that the Units tendered exceeded the $25 million maximum amount payable by AAA pursuant to the Tender Offer (the Maximum Amount), AAA had the right to pro-rate the number of Units it purchased from unitholders at the $7.00 price so that the Maximum Amount would not be exceeded. However, at a meeting on August 12, 2010 of the Board of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA, which had been convened to consider the outcome of the Tender Offer, the Board of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA resolved, in accordance with the provisions of the Tender Offer, to increase the Maximum Amount to a level where all Units tendered in the Tender Offer would be accepted. The Maximum Amount was therefore increased to $47.4 million and AAA determined to buy back 6,777,308 Units pursuant to the Tender Offer. The Units acquired in the Tender Offer were cancelled.
Pursuant to an on-market buyback program approved through December 31, 2010 by the Boards of Directors of the Managing General Partner of AAA and the Managing Investment Partner of AAA, subsequent to June 30, 2010, through July 11, 2010, AAA purchased 17,452 units at an average price of $6.03 per unit for total consideration of $0.1 million. The remaining maximum aggregate consideration of $24.2 million for the On-
F-57
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (UNAUDITED)
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Market Buyback Program represents 4.0 million units based on the closing price at June 30, 2010. AAA intends to continue monitoring the trading performance of AAA in the market and may, from time to time, seek to purchase units either directly or through one or more affiliates, when market conditions permit. The On-Market Buyback Program was suspended on July 12, 2010 due to the Tender Offer.
On August 2, 2010, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.07 per Class A share, which was paid as of August 25, 2010. Of the $23.7 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, $6.9 million was received by the Company, and the remaining $16.8 million was paid to the Companys Non-Controlling Interest holders in the Apollo Operating Group.
On September 30, 2010, the committee that administers the Companys 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan approved grants of RSUs to certain company personnel totaling approximately 0.9 million RSUs.
F-58
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Apollo Global Management, LLC
New York, New York
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Apollo Global Management, LLC and subsidiaries (the Company) as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the related consolidated and combined statements of operations, changes in shareholders equity and partners capital, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. The Company is not required to have, nor were we engaged to perform, an audit of its internal control over financial reporting. Our audits included consideration of internal control over financial reporting as a basis for designing audit procedures that are appropriate in the circumstances, but not for the purpose of expressing an opinion on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting. Accordingly, we express no such opinion. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, such consolidated and combined financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Apollo Global Management, LLC and subsidiaries as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
As discussed in Note 2 to the consolidated and combined financial statements, on January 1, 2009, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Boards authoritative guidance related to Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated financial statements and retrospectively adjusted all periods presented in the consolidated and combined financial statements for the changes required by this statement.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
March 17, 2010
F-59
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION
DECEMBER 31, 2009 AND 2008
(dollars in thousands, except per share data)
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Assets: |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 366,226 | $ | 381,367 | ||||
Restricted cash |
6,818 | 5,844 | ||||||
Investments |
1,554,155 | 958,645 | ||||||
Carried interest receivable |
483,854 | 77,085 | ||||||
Due from affiliates |
133,678 | 145,179 | ||||||
Fixed assets, net |
67,794 | 68,063 | ||||||
Deferred tax assets |
644,395 | 669,023 | ||||||
Other assets |
11,329 | 39,701 | ||||||
Goodwill |
47,897 | 47,897 | ||||||
Intangible assets, net |
69,051 | 81,728 | ||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Liabilities: |
||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 35,944 | $ | 48,891 | ||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
30,388 | 35,017 | ||||||
Deferred revenue |
321,424 | 364,901 | ||||||
Due to affiliates |
548,593 | 591,022 | ||||||
Profit sharing payable |
174,536 | 30,076 | ||||||
Debt |
933,834 | 1,026,005 | ||||||
Other liabilities |
41,368 | 52,835 | ||||||
Total Liabilities |
2,086,087 | 2,148,747 | ||||||
Commitments and Contingencies (See Note 14) |
||||||||
Shareholders Equity: |
||||||||
Class A shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 95,624,541 and 97,324,541 shares issued and outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively |
| | ||||||
Class B shares, no par value, unlimited shares authorized, 1 share issued and outstanding at December 31, 2009 and 2008 |
| | ||||||
Additional paid in capital |
1,729,593 | 1,384,143 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(2,029,541 | ) | (1,874,365 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
(4,088 | ) | (6,836 | ) | ||||
Total Apollo Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
(304,036 | ) | (497,058 | ) | ||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
1,283,262 | 822,843 | ||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
319,884 | | ||||||
Total Shareholders Equity |
1,299,110 | 325,785 | ||||||
Total Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
$ | 3,385,197 | $ | 2,474,532 | ||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-60
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 56,075 | $ | 145,181 | $ | 150,191 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
406,257 | 384,247 | 192,934 | |||||||||
Carried interest income (loss) from affiliates |
504,396 | (796,133 | ) | 294,725 | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
966,728 | (266,705 | ) | 637,850 | ||||||||
Expenses: |
||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
1,495,010 | 843,600 | 1,450,330 | |||||||||
Interest expense |
50,252 | 62,622 | 105,968 | |||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | 240,000 | |||||||||
Professional fees |
33,889 | 76,450 | 81,824 | |||||||||
Litigation settlement |
| 200,000 | | |||||||||
General, administrative and other |
61,066 | 71,789 | 36,618 | |||||||||
Placement fees |
12,364 | 51,379 | 27,253 | |||||||||
Occupancy |
29,625 | 20,830 | 12,865 | |||||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
24,299 | 22,099 | 7,869 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
1,706,505 | 1,348,769 | 1,962,727 | |||||||||
Other Income (Loss): |
||||||||||||
Net gains (losses) from investment activities |
510,935 | (1,269,100 | ) | 2,279,263 | ||||||||
Gains from repurchase of debt |
36,193 | | | |||||||||
Dividend income from affiliates |
| | 238,609 | |||||||||
Interest income ($0, $0 and $11,268 from affiliates for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively) |
1,450 | 19,368 | 52,500 | |||||||||
Income (loss) from equity method investments |
83,113 | (57,353 | ) | 1,722 | ||||||||
Other income (loss) |
41,410 | (4,609 | ) | (36 | ) | |||||||
Total Other Income (Loss) |
673,101 | (1,311,694 | ) | 2,572,058 | ||||||||
(Loss) income before income tax (provision) benefit |
(66,676 | ) | (2,927,168 | ) | 1,247,181 | |||||||
Income tax (provision) benefit |
(28,714 | ) | 36,995 | (6,726 | ) | |||||||
Net (Loss) Income |
(95,390 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | 1,240,455 | |||||||
Net (income) loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Entities |
(460,226 | ) | 1,176,116 | (2,088,655 | ) | |||||||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
400,440 | 801,799 | 278,549 | |||||||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (569,651 | ) | |||
Dividends declared per Class A Share |
$ | 0.05 | $ | 0.56 | $ | | ||||||
July 13, 2007
through December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Net Loss Per Class A Share: |
||||||||||||
Net Loss Available to Class A Shareholders |
$ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (962,107 | ) | |||
Net Loss Per Class A ShareBasic and Diluted |
$ | (1.62 | ) | $ | (9.37 | ) | $ | (11.71 | ) | |||
Weighted Average Number of Class A Shares Basic and Diluted |
95,815,500 | 97,324,541 | 82,152,883 | |||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-61
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARTNERS CAPITAL
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Class A
Shares |
Class B
Shares |
Additional
Paid-in Capital |
Retained
Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)* |
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Total Apollo
Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
Non-Controlling
Interests in consolidated entities |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Total
Shareholders Equity and Partners Capital |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
| | $ | | $ | 484,921 | $ | | $ | 484,921 | $ | 9,847,069 | $ | | $ | 10,331,990 | ||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | (1,239,409 | ) | | (1,239,409 | ) | (2,305,243 | ) | | (3,544,652 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | | (68,392 | ) | | (68,392 | ) | (2,762 | ) | | (71,154 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | | 2,535 | | 2,535 | 1,969,865 | | 1,972,400 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | 19,486 | | 19,486 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions of RDUs |
| | | | | | 15,341 | | 15,341 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners |
| | | (222,047 | ) | | (222,047 | ) | | | (222,047 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests transfer from feeder funds |
| | | | | | 286,672 | | 286,672 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
| | | 392,456 | | 392,456 | 2,053,536 | | 2,445,992 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $0 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | 2,860 | 2,860 | | | 2,860 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive income |
| | | 392,456 | 2,860 | 395,316 | 2,053,536 | | 2,448,852 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at July 12, 2007 |
| | | (649,936 | ) | 2,860 | (647,076 | ) | 11,883,964 | | 11,236,888 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Reclassify predecessor partners deficit |
| | (649,936 | ) | 649,936 | | | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer of Partners Capital |
| | | | | | | 237,353 | 237,353 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Transfer to co-investor |
| | | | | | 23,533 | | 23,533 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Beneficial conversion feature |
| | 240,000 | | | 240,000 | | | 240,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | (9,341 | ) | | | (9,341 | ) | (424,540 | ) | | (433,881 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash contributions |
| | | | | | 202,128 | | 202,128 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | 1,488 | | 1,488 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profit interests in funds |
| | | | | | (1,625 | ) | (1,000 | ) | (2,625 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners |
| | (1,067,862 | ) | | | (1,067,862 | ) | | | (1,067,862 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Deconsolidation of the funds |
| | | | | | (9,535,711 | ) | | (9,535,711 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests of excluded assets |
| | | | | | (121,021 | ) | | (121,021 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Conversion of Strategic Investors debt |
60,000,001 | | 1,200,000 | | | 1,200,000 | | | 1,200,000 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of shares |
37,324,540 | 1 | 816,391 | | | 816,391 | | | 816,391 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dilution impact of conversion and issuance of shares |
| | (237,353 | ) | | | (237,353 | ) | | | (237,353 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred tax effects resulting from acquisition of Apollo Operating Group units |
| | 92,330 | | | 92,330 | | | 92,330 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 679,954 | | | 679,954 | | 306,026 | 985,980 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (962,107 | ) | | (962,107 | ) | 35,119 | (278,549 | ) | (1,205,537 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $0 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | (8,893 | ) | (8,893 | ) | | (14,879 | ) | (23,772 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (962,107 | ) | (8,893 | ) | (971,000 | ) | 35,119 | (293,428 | ) | (1,229,309 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
97,324,541 | 1 | 1,064,183 | (962,107 | ) | (6,033 | ) | 96,043 | 2,063,335 | 248,951 | 2,408,329 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | 20 | | | 20 | 73 | 343 | 436 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | | | | | 468 | | 468 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions of RDUs |
| | | | | | 21,195 | | 21,195 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 373,903 | | | 373,903 | | 736,314 | 1,110,217 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (54,928 | ) | | | (54,928 | ) | | (134,400 | ) | (189,328 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | | | (62,164 | ) | (14,400 | ) | (76,564 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | | | | | (941 | ) | | (941 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions to Managing Partners |
| | (17,849 | ) | | | (17,849 | ) | | | (17,849 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions to Managing Partners |
| | (14,145 | ) | | | (14,145 | ) | | | (14,145 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Dilution impact of distributions |
| | 21,312 | | | 21,312 | | (21,312 | ) | | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Purchase of RDUs from Non-Controlling Interests |
| | | | | | (23,007 | ) | | (23,007 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Contribution of undistributed earnings of contributed businesses |
| | 11,647 | | | 11,647 | | | 11,647 | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive loss: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | (912,258 | ) | | (912,258 | ) | (1,176,116 | ) | (801,799 | ) | (2,890,173 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $4,751 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | (803 | ) | (803 | ) | | (13,697 | ) | (14,500 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive loss |
| | $ | | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (803 | ) | $ | (913,061 | ) | $ | (1,176,116 | ) | $ | (815,496 | ) | $ | (2,904,673 | ) | ||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-62
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN
SHAREHOLDERS EQUITY AND PARTNERS CAPITAL
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
Class A
Shares |
Class B
Shares |
Additional
Paid-in Capital |
Retained
Earnings (Accumulated Deficit)* |
Accumulated
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
Total Apollo
Global Management, LLC shareholders deficit |
Non-Controlling
Interests in consolidated entities |
Non-Controlling
Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Total
Shareholders Equity and Partners Capital |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
97,324,541 | 1 | $ | 1,384,143 | $ | (1,874,365 | ) | $ | (6,836 | ) | $ | (497,058 | ) | $ | 822,843 | $ | | $ | 325,785 | ||||||||||||||
Capital contributions |
| | | | | | 207 | | 207 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
| | (105 | ) | | | (105 | ) | 4,301 | | 4,196 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Capital increase related to equity-based compensation |
| | 355,659 | | |
|
355,659 |
|
| 738,431 | 1,094,090 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Dividends |
| | (4,866 | ) | | | (4,866 | ) | | (12,000 | ) | (16,866 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Cash distributions |
| | | | |
|
|
|
(12,387 | ) | (17,950 | ) | (30,337 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
| | (4,572 | ) | | |
|
(4,572 |
) |
4,273 | | (299 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (3,799 | ) | | |
|
(3,799 |
) |
3,799 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
| | 6,618 | | |
|
6,618 |
|
| | 6,618 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
(1,700,000 | ) | | (3,485 | ) | | |
|
(3,485 |
) |
| | (3,485 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive (loss) income: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
| | | (155,176 | ) | | (155,176 | ) | 460,226 | (400,440 | ) | (95,390 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on interest rate swaps (net of taxes of $1,992 and $0 for Apollo Global Management, LLC and Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, respectively) |
| | | | 2,748 | 2,748 | | 11,843 | 14,591 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Total comprehensive (loss) income |
| | | (155,176 | ) | 2,748 | (152,428 | ) | 460,226 | (388,597 | ) | (80,799 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Balance at December 31, 200 9 |
95,624,541 | 1 | $ | 1,729,593 | $ | (2,029,541 | ) | $ | (4,088 | ) | $ | (304,036 | ) | $ | 1,283,262 | $ | 319,884 | $ | 1,299,110 | ||||||||||||||
* | Balances pre-Reorganization represent Apollo Operating Group. |
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-63
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities: |
||||||||||||
Net (loss) income |
$ | (95,390 | ) | $ | (2,890,173 | ) | $ | 1,240,455 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by operating activities: |
||||||||||||
Depreciation |
11,622 | 8,180 | 3,216 | |||||||||
Amortization of debt issuance costs |
28 | 20 | 430 | |||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
12,677 | 13,919 | 4,653 | |||||||||
(Income) loss from equity method investments |
(83,113 | ) | 57,353 | (1,722 | ) | |||||||
(Income) loss related to general partner commitment |
(38,444 | ) | 38,444 | | ||||||||
Waived management fees |
(19,738 | ) | (35,692 | ) | (27,922 | ) | ||||||
Non-cash compensation expense related to waived management fees |
19,738 | 35,352 | 21,582 | |||||||||
Deferred taxes, net |
19,059 | (44,047 | ) | (866 | ) | |||||||
Equity-based compensation |
1,100,106 | 1,125,184 | 989,849 | |||||||||
Interest expensebeneficial conversion feature |
| | 240,000 | |||||||||
Loss on disposal of fixed assets |
847 | 1,697 | | |||||||||
Gain from repurchase of debt |
(36,193 | ) | | | ||||||||
Other |
(584 | ) | (12 | ) | 308 | |||||||
Changes in assets and liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Carried interest receivable |
(406,769 | ) | 1,239,040 | (203,140 | ) | |||||||
Due from affiliates |
11,681 | (80,076 | ) | (40,270 | ) | |||||||
Other assets |
28,928 | (6,177 | ) | 25,952 | ||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
(8,189 | ) | 6,567 | 102,841 | ||||||||
Accrued compensation and benefits |
(4,027 | ) | (34,488 | ) | 19,941 | |||||||
Deferred revenue |
(45,279 | ) | 211,001 | (702 | ) | |||||||
Due to affiliates |
(4,284 | ) | (207,949 | ) | 15,115 | |||||||
Profit sharing payable |
144,460 | (566,800 | ) | 174,777 | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
7,267 | 3,323 | (6,974 | ) | ||||||||
Apollo funds related: |
||||||||||||
Net realized gains from investment activities |
| | (1,013,220 | ) | ||||||||
Net unrealized (gains) losses from investment activities |
(471,907 | ) | 1,230,656 | (1,266,043 | ) | |||||||
Non-cash dividends from investment activities |
| | (62,161 | ) | ||||||||
Cash relinquished with deconsolidation of funds |
| | (142,161 | ) | ||||||||
Net purchases of investments |
(40,000 | ) | (3,098 | ) | (3,010,514 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from sale of investments and liquidating dividends |
5,497 | 50,847 | 3,792,317 | |||||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
107,993 | 153,071 | 855,741 | |||||||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Purchases of fixed assets |
(15,849 | ) | (57,302 | ) | (6,856 | ) | ||||||
Proceeds from disposals of fixed assets |
| 4,189 | | |||||||||
Cash contributions to equity method investments |
(42,522 | ) | (165,011 | ) | (9,211 | ) | ||||||
Cash distributions from equity method investments |
42,475 | 34,148 | 326 | |||||||||
Cash relinquished related to excluded assets |
| | (16,001 | ) | ||||||||
Change in restricted cash |
(974 | ) | (2,482 | ) | 2,629 | |||||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
$ | (16,870 | ) | $ | (186,458 | ) | $ | (29,113 | ) | |||
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-64
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Principal repayments on debt and repurchase of debt |
$ | (55,783 | ) | $ | (58,611 | ) | $ | (21,376 | ) | |||
Proceeds from credit agreement |
| 26,855 | 1,000,000 | |||||||||
Issuance of debt |
| | 1,200,000 | |||||||||
Debt issuance costs |
| (141 | ) | (13,096 | ) | |||||||
Net proceeds from issuance of shares |
| | 818,891 | |||||||||
Public offering costs |
| (2,500 | ) | | ||||||||
Repurchase of Class A shares |
(3,485 | ) | | | ||||||||
Dividends paid |
(4,866 | ) | (54,928 | ) | | |||||||
Dividends paid to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(12,000 | ) | (134,400 | ) | | |||||||
Purchase of RDUs from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| (23,007 | ) | | ||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners |
| (17,849 | ) | (1,209,785 | ) | |||||||
Distributions to Contributing Partners |
| | (38,965 | ) | ||||||||
Contributions from Managing Partners |
| 20 | 2,440 | |||||||||
Contributions from Contributing Partners |
| | 95 | |||||||||
Distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
(12,387 | ) | (62,164 | ) | (2,731,108 | ) | ||||||
Distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(17,950 | ) | (14,400 | ) | | |||||||
Withdrawals paid to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (227,744 | ) | ||||||||
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
207 | 73 | 2,171,993 | |||||||||
Contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
| 343 | | |||||||||
Distributions to Managing Partners related to the Reorganization |
| | (1,067,862 | ) | ||||||||
Purchase of interests from Contributing Partners |
| (7,590 | ) | (156,405 | ) | |||||||
Net cash used in financing activities |
(106,264 | ) | (348,299 | ) | (272,922 | ) | ||||||
Net (Decrease) Increase in Cash and Cash Equivalents |
(15,141 | ) | (381,686 | ) | 553,706 | |||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, Beginning of Period |
381,367 | 763,053 | 209,347 | |||||||||
Cash and Cash Equivalents, End of Period |
$ | 366,226 | $ | 381,367 | $ | 763,053 | ||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Cash Flow Information: |
||||||||||||
Interest paid |
$ | 51,850 | $ | 63,443 | $ | 95,606 | ||||||
Income taxes paid |
6,652 | 14,837 | 5,443 | |||||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Investing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions from equity method investments |
| 1,040 | | |||||||||
Profits interests received in Fund VII |
1,510 | 340 | | |||||||||
Change in accrual for purchase of fixed assets |
3,649 | (4,649 | ) | | ||||||||
Non-cash contribution to equity method investments |
1,802 | | | |||||||||
Net assets other than cash of deconsolidated funds |
||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
| | 10,457,695 | |||||||||
Other |
| | (1,044,992 | ) | ||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | (9,554,871 | ) | ||||||||
Net assets other than cash of excluded assets on July 13, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
| | 116,758 | |||||||||
Other |
| | (12,192 | ) | ||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | (121,021 | ) | ||||||||
Assets and liabilities of newly consolidated subsidiaries |
| | 20,994 | |||||||||
Net assets other than cash transferred from feeder fund |
||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
| | 378,457 | |||||||||
Receivables from brokers and counterparties |
| | 42,967 | |||||||||
Other assets |
| | 4,871 | |||||||||
Withdrawals payables |
| | (120,509 | ) | ||||||||
Other liabilities |
| | (19,114 | ) | ||||||||
Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated subsidiaries |
| | (286,672 | ) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-65
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
YEARS ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2009, 2008 AND 2007
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Supplemental Disclosure of Non-Cash Financing Activities: |
||||||||||||
Non-cash distributions of RDUs to Managing Partners |
$ | | $ | (12,697 | ) | $ | (10,272 | ) | ||||
Non-cash distributions of RDUs to Contributing Partners |
| | (5,069 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Managing Partners |
| | (16,418 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Contributing Partners |
| | (8,375 | ) | ||||||||
Other non-cash distributions to Managing Partners |
| (1,448 | ) | | ||||||||
Non-cash purchase of interest from Contributing Partners |
| (252 | ) | | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions |
(4,572 | ) | | (3,667 | ) | |||||||
Non-cash distributions to co-investor |
| | (24,591 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group related to equity-based compensation |
738,431 | 736,387 | 306,026 | |||||||||
Capital increases related to equity-based compensation |
355,659 | 373,903 | 679,954 | |||||||||
Satisfaction of liability related to AAA RDUs |
(6,618 | ) | | | ||||||||
Net transfers of AAA ownership interest to (from) Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
3,799 | | | |||||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps |
4,741 | (5,555 | ) | (6,033 | ) | |||||||
Unrealized gain (loss) on interest rate swaps to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group, net of taxes |
11,843 | (13,697 | ) | (14,879 | ) | |||||||
Deferred tax asset related to interest rate swaps |
(1,993 | ) | 4,752 | | ||||||||
Dilution impact of distributions |
| 21,312 | | |||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
| | (1,625 | ) | ||||||||
Non-cash distributions of profits interests in funds to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
| | (1,000 | ) | ||||||||
Contribution of undistributed earnings of contributed businesses |
| 11,647 | | |||||||||
Non-cash contributions from Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
4,301 | 468 | 59,952 | |||||||||
Non-cash contributions from AP Professional Interest holders |
| | 291,146 | |||||||||
Non-cash contributions |
105 | | | |||||||||
Non-cash distributions to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
|
(4,273 |
) |
(941 | ) | (1,324 | ) | |||||
Carried interest payable to Managing Partners |
| | (238,416 | ) | ||||||||
Transfer of partners capital to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
| | 237,353 | |||||||||
Accrued transaction costs for S-1 Filing |
| | (2,500 | ) | ||||||||
Conversion of Strategic Investors notes to equity |
| | 1,440,000 | |||||||||
Adjustments related to exchange of Managing Partners and Contributing Partners limited partnership interests for Apollo Operating Group units and tax receivable agreement: |
||||||||||||
Deferred tax assets |
| | 612,660 | |||||||||
Due to affiliates |
| | (520,330 | ) | ||||||||
Additional paid in capital |
| | (92,330 | ) | ||||||||
Partners capital |
| | (4,033 | ) | ||||||||
Profit sharing payable |
| | (46,318 | ) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated and combined financial statements.
F-66
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
1. ORGANIZATION AND BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Apollo Global Management, LLC and its consolidated subsidiaries (Successor or the Company or Apollo), is a global alternative asset manager whose predecessor was founded in 1990. Its primary business is to raise, invest and manage private equity, capital markets and real estate funds on behalf of pension and endowment funds as well as other institutional and individual investors. For these investment and management services, Apollo receives management fees generally related to the amount of assets managed, transaction and advisory fees for the investments made and carried interest income related to the performance of the funds managed. Apollo has three primary business segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed instruments; and |
|
Real estate Apollo recently organized a commercial real estate finance company and launched a vehicle to invest principally in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. The Company may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
Basis of Presentation
Prior to the Reorganization of the Company on July 3, 2007 as discussed below, the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements include the entities engaged in the above businesses and their related funds (collectively, Predecessor or Operating Entities or the Partnership) under the common ownership of Leon Black, Joshua Harris, and Marc Rowan (the Managing Partners or Control Group). Subsequent to the Reorganization of the Company, the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements include the accounts of Apollo excluding funds that were deconsolidated (see Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds below). The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (U.S. GAAP). Intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.
Reorganization of the Company
The Company was formed as a Delaware limited liability company on July 3, 2007. The Company is managed and operated by its manager, AGM Management, LLC, which in turn is wholly owned and controlled by the Managing Partners.
Apollos business was historically conducted through a large number of entities for which there was no single holding entity but were separately owned by the Managing Partners and other individuals (collectively as the Predecessor Owners) yet controlled by the Managing Partners. In order to facilitate the private placement, as described in further detail below, the Predecessor Owners completed a Reorganization as of the close of business on July 13, 2007 (the Reorganization) whereby, except for Apollo Advisors, L.P. (Apollo Advisors) and Apollo Advisors II, L.P. (Apollo Advisors II), each of the operating entities that was owned by the Predecessor Owners and the intellectual property rights associated with the Apollo name were contributed (Contributed Businesses) to five newly-formed holding partnerships (Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (AMH) and Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. Five additional holding partnerships were formed in 2008 (Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., Apollo
F-67
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.). The ten holding partnerships (collectively referred to as the Apollo Operating Group) were formed for the purpose of, among other activities, holding certain of the Companys gains and losses on their principal investments in the funds.
As of December 31, 2009, the Company owned, through three intermediate holding companies APO Corp. (APO Corp), a Delaware corporation that is a domestic corporation for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, APO Asset Co., LLC (APO Asset), a Delaware limited liability company that is a disregarded entity for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and APO (FC), LLC (APO (FC)), an Anguilla limited liability company that is treated as a corporation for U.S Federal income tax purposes (collectively, the Intermediate Holding Companies), 28.5% of the economic interests of, and operates and controls all of the businesses and affairs of, the Apollo Operating Group as general partners.
AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership (Holdings), is the entity through which the Managing Partners and other contributing partners (the Contributing Partners) hold Apollo Operating Group Units (AOG Units) representing 71.5% of the economic interests in the Apollo Operating Group. The Company consolidates the financial results of the Apollo Operating Group and its consolidated subsidiaries. Holdings ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group is reflected as a Non-Controlling Interest in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements.
On July 13, 2007, the Company contributed to APO Corp and APO Asset $1.2 billion of proceeds from the sale of convertible securities to the California Public Employees Retirement System (CalPERS) and an affiliate of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority (ADIA and, together with CalPERS, the Strategic Investors). APO Corp and APO Asset used proceeds from the sale of the convertible securities to purchase from the Managing Partners for $1.1 billion certain interests in the limited partnerships that operate the business, and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group, in return for approximately 17.4% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. In addition, APO Corp and APO Asset purchased from the Contributing Partners a portion of their interests in subsidiaries of the Apollo Operating Group for an aggregate purchase price of $156.4 million (excluding any potential contingent consideration) and contributed those purchased interests to the Apollo Operating Group in return for approximately 2.6% of the limited partner interests of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, on August 8, 2007 and September 5, 2007, Apollo issued 34,500,000 Class A shares and 2,824,541 Class A shares, respectively, which diluted the Non-Controlling Interests by 8.9%. The purchase agreement related to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners interests also included a provision for contingent consideration.
In January 2008 and April 2008, a preliminary and final distribution was made to the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners related to a contingent consideration of $29.9 million and $7.8 million, respectively. The determination of the amount and timing of the distribution were based on net income with discretionary adjustments, all of which were determined by Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, the general partner of AMH. Included in the distribution were Restricted Depositary Units (RDUs) of AP Alternative Assets, L.P. (AAA) valued at approximately $12.7 million for the Managing Partners combined with a distribution of interests in Apollo VIF Co-Investors, LLC in settlement of interests with respect to units in Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. of approximately $0.5 million and $0.3 million for the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners, respectively.
The Reorganization was accounted for as an exchange of entities under common control for the interests in the Contributed Businesses, which were contributed by the Managing Partners. The acquisition of
F-68
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Non-Controlling Interests from the Contributing Partners was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. As part of the Reorganization and in accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Company has recorded the dilution impact at the time of the reorganization and Class A share issuance. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, consolidated equity is allocated to Non-Controlling Interest based on the initial ownership percentage of the Non-Controlling Interest compared to the consolidated equity at the time of the private placement on August 8, 2007. A dilution impact of $237,353 was recorded in the consolidated and combined statements of changes in shareholders (deficit) equity and partners capital (deficit) and was computed based on the initial Non-Controlling Interest ownership of 71.1% multiplied by the consolidated equity balance on August 8, 2007, the date of the private placement discussed below. Therefore, subsequent to the Reorganization and Private Placement the Non-Controlling Interest of the Apollo Operating Group consisted of Holdings.
Although Apollo has less than 50% of the economics in the Apollo Operating Group, it has a majority voting interest and controls the management of the Apollo Operating Group. Additionally, although Holdings has a majority of the economics in the Apollo Operating Group, it does not have the right to dissolve the partnerships or have substantive kick-out rights or participating rights that would overcome the presumption of control by Apollo. Accordingly, Apollo consolidates the Apollo Operating Group and records the Non-Controlling Interests for the economic interest in the Apollo Operating Group directly held by Holdings.
Apollo also entered into an exchange agreement with Holdings that allows the partners in Holdings, subject to the vesting and minimum retained ownership requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the partnership agreements of the Apollo Operating Group, to exchange their AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares on a one-for-one basis up to four times each year, subject to customary conversion rate adjustments for splits, unit distributions and reclassifications. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the ten Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share.
As of December 31, 2008, all undistributed earnings of the Contributed Businesses through the date of the Reorganization that were attributable to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners for the sold portion of their interest were distributed.
Private Placement On August 8, 2007, Apollo completed a private placement in reliance upon Rule 144A under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (Private Placement) of its Class A shares. Upon the completion of the Private Placement, Qualified Institutional Buyers and Accredited Investors, each as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission rules, directly owned 37,324,540 Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC. The completion of the Private Placement triggered the conversion of the convertible securities and issuance of 60,000,001 non-voting Class A shares of Apollo Global Management, LLC to CalPERS and ADIA. The Company retained the proceeds from the Private Placement and intends to use such proceeds for general business purposes.
Consolidation and Deconsolidation of Apollo Funds
In accordance with U.S. GAAP, a number of the funds were historically consolidated into Apollos combined financial statements.
Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Contributed Businesses that act as a general partner of a majority of the consolidated funds granted rights to the unaffiliated investors in each respective fund to provide that a simple majority of such funds unaffiliated investors have the right, without cause, to liquidate that fund in accordance with certain procedures. These rights were granted in order to achieve the deconsolidation of such funds from the
F-69
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Companys financial statements. For the Apollo funds previously consolidated, these rights became effective either on August 1, 2007 or November 30, 2007. The deconsolidation of these funds presents the Companys financial statements in a manner consistent with how Apollo evaluates its business and its related risks. Accordingly, the Company believes that deconsolidating these funds provides investors with a better understanding of its business. The results of the deconsolidated funds are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements through the date of deconsolidation. Apollo will continue to consolidate AAA.
As the Managing Partners held more than 50% of the voting ownership interest of each of the respective entities and written evidence of an agreement exists that requires the Managing Partners to vote in concert, the Company and Apollo Advisors and Apollo Advisors II (Advisor Entities) were under a common control group as defined by U.S. GAAP. As a result, the Advisor Entities are combined for the historical periods prior to the effective date of the Reorganization in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, the Advisor Entities consolidated their respective funds. The Advisor Entities assets were excluded on July 12, 2007 as they were not sold to the Company as part of the Reorganization (see Reorganization of the Company above). As such, they are not presented in the consolidated and combined financial statements subsequent to the Reorganization date.
2. SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Accounting The accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements are prepared in accordance with U.S. GAAP. On July 1, 2009, the Company adopted the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Accounting Standards Codification (the Codification) as the source of authoritative accounting principles in the preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP. On the effective date of codification, substantially all existing accounting and reporting standards were superseded, and therefore, are no longer referenced by title in the accompanying notes to the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Principles of Consolidation Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or through other means, including those funds in which the general partner is presumed to have control over them. Apollo also consolidates entities that are variable interest entities (VIEs) for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary. Intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated in the consolidated and combined financial statements.
Equity Method For entities over which the Company exercises significant influence but which do not meet the requirements for consolidation, the Company uses the equity method of accounting, whereby the Company records its share of the underlying income or loss of these entities. Income (loss) from equity method investments are recognized as part of other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Apollo evaluates its equity method investments for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amounts of such investments may not be recoverable. The difference between the carrying value of the equity method investments and the estimated fair value of such investments is recognized as an impairment when the loss is deemed other than temporary.
Non-Controlling Interests For entities that are consolidated, but not 100% owned, a portion of the income or loss and corresponding equity is allocated to owners other than Apollo. The aggregate of the income or loss and corresponding equity that is not owned by the Company is included in Non-Controlling Interests in the
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
consolidated and combined financial statements. Subsequent to the Reorganization, the Non-Controlling Interests relating to Apollo Global Management, LLC primarily include the 71.5% ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group held by the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their partnership interests in Holdings and the approximate 97% ownership interest held by limited partners in AAA. In the Predecessors combined financial statements, the Non-Controlling Interests primarily include limited partner interests in the consolidated funds.
In December 2007, the FASB issued authoritative guidance for Non-Controlling Interest in consolidated financial statements. This guidance requires reporting entities to present Non-Controlling (minority) Interests as equity (as opposed to a liability or mezzanine equity) and provides guidance on the accounting for transactions between an entity and Non-Controlling Interests. This guidance applies prospectively as of January 1, 2009, except for the presentation and disclosure requirements, which are applied retrospectively for all periods presented. The Company adopted this guidance effective January 1, 2009 and as a result, (1) Non-Controlling Interest was reclassified as a separate component of Shareholders Equity on the Companys consolidated and combined statements of financial condition, (2) Net (loss) income was adjusted to include the net (loss) income attributed to the Non-Controlling Interest holders on the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations, (3) the primary components of Non-Controlling Interests are now separately presented in the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements to clearly distinguish the interest in the Apollo Operating Group and the interest held by limited partners in AAA from the interests of the Company and (4) profits and losses are allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in proportion to their ownership interests regardless of their basis. Prior to January 1, 2009, when losses attributable to the Non-Controlling Interest holders exceeded their basis, the Company stopped attributing losses to the Non-Controlling Interest holders account and recorded the losses in the excess of basis as part of accumulated deficit.
Use of Estimates The preparation of the consolidated and combined financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated and combined financial statements, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated and combined financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Apollos most significant estimates include goodwill, intangible assets, income taxes, carried interest income from affiliates, non-cash compensation and fair value of investments in the consolidated and unconsolidated funds. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.
Revenues Revenues are reported in three separate categories that include (i) management fees from affiliates, which are based on committed capital, invested capital, net asset value, gross assets or as otherwise defined in the respective agreements; (ii) advisory and transaction fees from affiliates, which relate to the investments the funds make and may include individual monitoring agreements with the portfolio companies and debt investment vehicles of the private equity funds and capital markets funds; and (iii) carried interest income (loss) from affiliates, which is normally based on the performance of the funds subject to preferred return.
Management Fees from Affiliates Management fees for private equity funds, real estate funds and certain capital markets funds are recognized in the period during which the related services are performed in accordance with the contractual terms of the related agreement. Management fees for private equity funds and certain capital markets funds are based upon a percentage of the capital committed during the commitment period, and thereafter based on the remaining invested capital of unrealized investments. For most capital markets funds, management fees are recognized in the period during which the related services are performed and are based upon net asset value, gross assets or as otherwise defined in the respective agreements.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates Advisory and transaction fees, including directors fees are recognized when the underlying services rendered are substantially completed in accordance with the terms of their transaction and advisory agreements. Additionally, during the normal course of business, the Company incurs certain costs related to private equity fund transactions that are not consummated (Broken Deal Costs). Refer to the Pending Deal Costs policy below for information regarding how and when the Company accounts for Broken Deal Costs.
As a result of providing advisory services to private equity and capital markets portfolio companies, Apollo is entitled to receive fees for transactions related to the acquisition and disposition of portfolio companies as well as ongoing monitoring of portfolio company operations. The amounts due from portfolio companies are included in Due from Affiliates, which is discussed further in note 13. Under the terms of the limited partnership agreements for certain funds, the management fee payable by the funds is subject to a reduction of a certain percentage of such transaction fees, net of applicable broken deal costs (Management Fee Offset). Such amounts are presented as a reduction to Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Carried Interest Income (Loss) from Affiliates Apollo is entitled to an incentive return that can normally amount to as much as approximately 20% of the total returns on funds capital, depending upon performance. Performance-based fees are assessed as a percentage of the investment performance of the funds. The carried interest income from affiliates for any period is based upon an assumed liquidation of the funds net assets on the reporting date, and distribution of the net proceeds in accordance with the funds income allocation provisions. The net carried interest income that was distributed may be subject to repayment based on subsequent performance of the fund in accordance with the respective partnership agreements. Carried interest receivable is presented separately in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition.
Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program Under the terms of certain investment fund partnership agreements, Apollo may from time to time elect to forgo a portion of the management fee revenue that is due from the funds and instead receive a right to a proportionate interest in future distributions of profits of those funds. Waived fees recognized during the period are included in management fees from affiliates in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. This election allows certain employees of Apollo to waive a portion of their respective share of future income from Apollo and receive, in lieu of a cash distribution, title and ownership of the profits interests in the respective fund. Apollo immediately assigns the profits interests received to its employees. Such assignments of profits interests are treated as compensation and benefits when assigned. Prior to the Reorganization, the profits interests assigned to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners were treated as asset distributions to Non-Controlling Interests and are recorded as Non-Cash Distributions of Profits Interests in funds.
Deferred Revenue Apollo earns management fees subject to the Management Fee Offset. When advisory and transaction fees are earned by the management company the Management Fee Offset reduces the management fee obligation of the fund. When the management company receives cash for advisory and transaction fees, a certain percentage as agreed to with the fund is allocated as a credit to reduce future management fees, otherwise payable by such fund. Such credit is classified as deferred revenue in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. As the management fees earned by the management company are presented on a gross basis, any Management Fee Offsets calculated are presented as a reduction to advisory and transaction fees in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Additionally, Apollo earns advisory fees pursuant to the terms of the advisory agreements with certain of the portfolio companies that are owned by the funds. When Apollo receives a payment from a portfolio company that exceeds the advisory fees earned at that point in time, the excess payment is classified as deferred revenue in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. The advisory agreements with the portfolio companies vary in duration and the associated fees are received monthly, quarterly or annually. Deferred revenue is reversed and recognized as revenue over the period that the agreed upon services are performed.
Under the terms of the funds partnership agreements, Apollo is normally required to bear organizational expenses over a set dollar amount and placement costs in connection with the offering and sale of interests in private equity and capital markets funds to investors. The placement fees are payable to placement agents, who are independent third parties that assist in identifying potential investors, securing commitments to invest from such potential investors, preparing or revising offering and marketing materials, developing strategies for attempting to secure investments by potential investors and/or providing feedback and insight regarding issues and concerns of potential investors, when a limited partner either commits or funds a commitment to a fund. In certain instances the placement fees are paid over a period of time. Based on the management agreements with the funds, Apollo considers placement fees and organization costs paid in determining if cash has been received in excess of the management fees earned. Placement fees and organization costs are normally the obligation of Apollo but can be paid for by the funds. When these costs are paid by the fund, the resulting obligations are included within deferred revenue. The deferred revenue balance will also be reduced during future periods when management fees are earned but not paid.
Interest and Dividend Income and Other Income Apollo recognizes security transactions on the trade date. Dividend income is recognized on the ex-dividend date, and interest income is recognized as earned on an accrual basis. Discounts and premiums on securities purchased are accreted or amortized over the life of the respective securities using the effective interest method. Realized gains and losses are recorded based on the specific identification method.
Cash and Cash Equivalents Apollo considers all highly liquid short term investments with original maturities of 90 days or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions that exceed insured limits are invested in interest-bearing accounts.
Restricted Cash Restricted cash represents cash deposited at a bank, which is pledged as collateral in connection with leased premises.
Due from/to Affiliates Apollo considers its existing partners, employees, former employees, non-consolidated private equity funds, non-consolidated capital markets funds, real estate funds, private equity fund portfolio companies, certain real estate management companies and certain advisors to be affiliates or related parties.
Investments The Companys investments in the Apollo funds that are not consolidated are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The funds are, for U.S. GAAP purposes, investment companies and therefore apply specialized accounting principles, and reflect their underlying investments on their respective statements of financial condition at an estimated fair value, with unrealized gains and losses resulting from changes in fair value reflected as a component of other income (loss) in their respective statements of operations. Realized and unrealized gains have a significant impact on the Companys results of operations as it has retained the specialized accounting for the funds.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The Company follows U.S. GAAP attributable to fair value measurements, which among other things, requires enhanced disclosures about investments that are measured and reported at fair value. In accordance with U.S. GAAP, investments measured and reported at fair value are classified and disclosed in one of the following categories:
Level I Quoted prices are available in active markets for identical investments as of the reporting date. The type of investments included in Level I include listed equities and listed derivatives. As required by U.S. GAAP, the Company does not adjust the quoted price for these investments, even in situations where the Company holds a large position and the sale of such position would likely deviate from the quoted price.
Level II Pricing inputs are other than quoted prices in active markets, which are either directly or indirectly observable as of the reporting date, and fair value is determined through the use of models or other valuation methodologies. Investments which are generally included in this category include corporate bonds and loans, less liquid and restricted equity securities and certain over-the-counter derivatives.
Level III Pricing inputs are unobservable for the investment and include situations where there is little, if any, market activity for the investment. The inputs into the determination of fair value require significant management judgment or estimation. Investments that are included in this category generally include general and limited partner interests in corporate private equity and real estate funds, mezzanine funds, funds of hedge funds, distressed debt and non-investment grade residual interests in securitizations and collateralized debt obligations.
In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, an investments level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. The Companys assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the investment.
Private Equity Investments
The value of liquid investments, where the primary market is an exchange (whether foreign or domestic), is determined using period end market prices. Such prices are generally based on the last sales price on the date of determination.
Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of investments that are less liquid include the income approach and the market approach. The income approach provides an indication of fair value based on the present value of cash flows that a business or security is expected to generate in the future. The most widely used methodology used in the income approach is a discounted cash flow method. Inherent in the discounted cash flow method are assumptions of expected results and a calculated discount rate. The market approach provides an indication of fair value based on a comparison of the subject company to comparable publicly traded companies and transactions in the industry. The market approach is driven more by current market conditions of actual trading levels of similar companies and actual transaction data of similar companies. Consideration may also be given to such factors as the companys historical and projected financial data, valuations given to comparable companies, the size and scope of the companys operations, the companys strengths, weaknesses, expectations relating to the markets receptivity to an offering of the companys securities, applicable restrictions on transfer, industry information and assumptions, general economic and market conditions and other factors deemed relevant. As part of managements process, the Company utilizes a valuation committee to review and approve
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
the valuations. However, because of the inherent uncertainty of valuation, those estimated values may differ significantly from the values that would have been used had an active market for the investments existed, and the differences could be material.
Capital Markets Investments
The majority of the investments in Apollos capital markets funds are valued by the funds based on quoted market prices. Debt and equity securities that are not publicly traded or whose market prices are not readily available are valued at fair value utilizing recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. The capital markets funds also enter into foreign currency exchange contracts, credit default swap contracts, and other derivative contracts, which may include options, caps, collars and floors. Foreign currency exchange contracts are marked-to-market by recognizing the difference between the contract exchange rate and the current market rate as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. If securities are held at the end of this period, the changes in value are recorded in income as unrealized. Realized gains or losses are recognized when contracts are settled. Credit default swap contracts are recorded at fair value as an asset or liability with changes in fair value recorded as unrealized appreciation or depreciation. Realized gains or losses are recognized at the termination of the contract based on the difference between the close-out price of the credit default contract and the original contract price.
Forward contracts are valued based on market rates obtained from counterparties or prices obtained from recognized financial data service providers. When determining fair value pricing when no market value exists, the value attributed to an investment is based on the enterprise value at the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Valuation approaches used to estimate the fair value of illiquid investments included in Apollos capital markets funds also may use the income approach or market approach. The valuation approaches used will consider as applicable market risks, credit risks, counterparty risks and foreign currency risks.
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
U.S. GAAP guidance requires the disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments. The fair value of a financial instrument is the amount at which the instrument could be exchanged in a current transaction between willing parties, other than in a forced or liquidation sale.
Except for the debt obligation related to the AMH credit agreement, Apollos financial instruments are recorded at fair value or at amounts whose carrying value approximates fair value. See the Companys valuation policy for Investments above. While Apollos valuations of portfolio investments are based on assumptions that Apollo believes are reasonable under the circumstances, the actual realized gains or losses will depend on, among other factors, future operating results, the value of the assets and market conditions at the time of disposition, any related transaction costs and the timing and manner of sale, all of which may ultimately differ significantly from the assumptions on which the valuations were based. Other financial instruments carrying values generally approximate fair value because of the short-term nature of those instruments or variable interest rates related to the borrowings. As disclosed in note 10, our long term debt obligation related to the AMH credit agreement is believed to have an estimated fair value of approximately $762.8 million based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. However, the carrying value that is recorded on the consolidated and combined statement of financial condition is the amount for which we expect to settle the long term debt obligation.
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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Interest Rate Swap Agreements In accordance with U.S. GAAP, Apollo recognizes derivatives as either an asset or liability measured at fair value. In order to reduce interest rate risk, Apollo entered into interest rate swap agreements which were formally designated as cash flow hedges. To qualify for cash flow hedge accounting, interest rate swaps must meet certain criteria, including (a) the items to be hedged expose Apollo to interest rate risk and (b) the interest rate swaps are highly effective in reducing Apollos exposure to interest rate risk. Apollo formally documents at inception its hedge relationships, including identification of the hedging instruments and the hedged items, its risk management objectives, its strategy for undertaking the hedge transaction and Apollos evaluation of effectiveness. Effectiveness is periodically assessed based upon a comparison of the relative changes in the cash flows of the interest rate swaps and the items being hedged.
For derivatives that have been formally designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the derivatives are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (OCI). Amounts in OCI are reclassified into earnings when interest expense on the underlying borrowings is recognized. If, at any time, the swaps are determined to be ineffective, in whole or in part, due to changes in the interest rate swap or underlying debt agreements, the fair value of the portion of the interest rate swap determined to be ineffective will be recognized as a gain or loss in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Pending Deal Costs Pending deal costs consist of certain costs incurred (e.g. research costs) related to private equity fund transactions that we are pursuing but which have not yet been consummated. These costs are deferred until such transactions are broken or successfully completed. A transaction is determined to be broken upon managements decision to no longer pursue the transaction. In accordance with the related fund agreements, in the event the deal is broken, all of the costs are reimbursed by the funds and considered in the calculation of the Management Fee Offset. These offsets are included in Advisory and Transaction Fees from Affiliates in the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations. If a deal is successfully completed, Apollo is reimbursed by the fund or a funds portfolio company for all costs incurred.
Fixed Assets Fixed Assets consist primarily of ownership interests in aircraft, leasehold improvements, furniture, fixtures and equipment, computer hardware and software and are recorded at cost, net of accumulated depreciation and amortization. Depreciation and amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the assets estimated useful lives. Aircraft engine overhauls are capitalized and depreciated until the next expected overhaul. Expenditures for repairs and maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment periodically and whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amounts of the assets may be impaired.
Business Combinations The Company accounts for acquisitions using the purchase method of accounting in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The purchase price of the acquisition is allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed using the fair values determined by management as of the acquisition date. The consolidated and combined financial statements of the Company for the periods presented do not reflect any business combinations. However, the acquisitions of Non-Controlling Interests described in Notes 1 and 3 are accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.
Goodwill and Intangible Assets U.S. GAAP does not permit the amortization of goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets. Goodwill and indefinite-life intangible assets must be reviewed annually for impairment or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. Identifiable finite-life intangible assets, by contrast, are amortized over their estimated useful lives, which are periodically re-evaluated for
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
impairment or when circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred in. Apollo amortizes its identifiable finite-life intangible assets using the straight-line method. At June 30, 2009, the Company performed its annual impairment testing and determined there was no impairment at such time.
Profit Sharing Payable Profit sharing payable represents the amounts payable to employees and former employees who are entitled to a proportionate share of carried interest income in one or more funds. The liability is calculated based upon the changes to realized and unrealized carried interest and is therefore not payable until the carried interest itself is realized.
Debt Issuance Costs Debt issuance costs consist of costs incurred in obtaining financing and are amortized over the term of the financing using the effective interest method. These costs are included in Other Assets on the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition.
Foreign Currency Foreign currency denominated assets and liabilities are sometimes held. Such assets and liabilities are translated using the exchange rates prevailing at the end of each reporting period. The functional currency of the Companys international subsidiaries is the U.S. Dollar, as their operations are considered an extension of U.S. parent operations. Non-monetary assets and liabilities of the Companys international subsidiaries are remeasured into the functional currency using historical exchange rates specific to each asset and liability. The results of the Companys foreign operations are normally remeasured using an average exchange rate for the respective reporting period. All currency remeasurement adjustments are included within other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. Gains and losses on the settlement of foreign currency transactions are also included within other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Compensation and Benefits Compensation and benefits includes salaries, bonuses, severance and employee benefits, but excludes payments made to the Managing Partners prior to the Reorganization of the Company. Individuals who owned direct equity interests and participated in the governing process are considered partners. As a result, the distributions made to these individuals prior to July 13, 2007 are considered equity distributions that are presented within the consolidated and combined statement of changes in shareholders equity and partners capital within the captions of Cash distributions to Managing Partners and Non-cash distributions to Managing Partners.
Bonuses are accrued over the service period. From time to time, the Company may distribute profit interests received in lieu of management fees. Profits interests in funds received as a result of waived management fees, which are considered compensation, are granted to the investment professionals. Additionally, certain employees have arrangements whereby they are entitled to receive a percentage of carried interest income based on the funds performance. To the extent that individuals are entitled to a percentage of the carried interest income, and such entitlement is subject to potential forfeiture at inception, such arrangements are accounted for as profit sharing plans, and compensation expense is recognized as the related carried interest income is recognized. Profit sharing expense can be reversed during periods when there is a decline in carried interest income that was previously recognized.
The Company sponsors a 401(k) Savings Plan whereby U.S. based employees are entitled to participate in the plan based upon certain eligibility requirements. The Company may provide discretionary contributions from time to time. No contributions relating to this plan were made by the Company for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Equity-based Compensation Equity-based compensation is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP, which requires that the cost of employee services received in exchange for an award of equity instruments generally be measured based on the grant date fair value of the award. Equity-based awards that do not require future service (i.e., vested awards) are expensed immediately. Equity-based employee awards that require future service are expensed over the relevant service period. The Company estimates forfeitures for equity-based awards that are not expected to vest.
Comprehensive Income (Loss) U.S. GAAP guidance establishes standards for reporting comprehensive income and its components in a financial statement that is displayed with the same prominence as other financial statements. U.S. GAAP requires that the Company classify items of OCI by their nature in the financial statements and display the accumulated balance of OCI separately in the shareholders equity section of the Companys consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. Comprehensive income (loss) consists of net income (loss) and OCI. Apollos OCI is primarily comprised of the effective portion of changes in the fair value of the interest rate swap agreements discussed above. If, at any time, any of the Companys subsidiaries functional currency becomes non-U.S. dollar denominated, the Company will record foreign currency cumulative translation adjustments in OCI.
Income Taxes Apollo has historically operated as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes, and primarily corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. As a result, prior to the Reorganization, income was not subject to U.S. Federal and state income taxes. Taxes related to income earned by these entities represent obligations of the individual partners and members and have not been reflected in the historical consolidated and combined financial statements. Income taxes shown on the historical consolidated and combined statements of operations are attributable to the New York City unincorporated business tax and income taxes on certain entities located in non-U.S. jurisdictions.
Following the Reorganization, the Apollo Operating Group and its subsidiaries continue to operate in the U.S. as partnerships for U.S. Federal income tax purposes and generally as corporate entities in non-U.S. jurisdictions. Accordingly, these entities in some cases continue to be subject to New York City unincorporated business tax, or in the case of non-U.S. entities, to non-U.S. corporate income taxes. In addition, APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, is subject to U.S. corporate Federal income tax, and the Companys provision for income taxes is accounted for in accordance with U.S. GAAP.
As significant judgment is required in determining tax expense and in evaluating tax positions, including evaluating uncertainties, we recognize the tax benefits of uncertain tax positions only where the position is more likely than not to be sustained assuming examination by tax authorities. The tax benefit is measured as the largest amount of benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement. If a tax position is not considered more likely than not to be sustained then no benefits of the position are to be recognized. We review and evaluate the Companys tax positions quarterly and determine whether or not we have uncertain tax positions that require financial statement recognition.
Deferred income taxes are provided for the effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.
Net Loss Per Class A Share The Company computes net loss per Class A share under the two class method in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Basic net loss per Class A share is computed by dividing net loss
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
available to Class A shareholders by the weighted average number of shares outstanding for the period. Diluted net income per Class A share reflects the assumed conversion of all dilutive securities, if any. Prior to the Reorganization, Apollos business was conducted through a large number of entities as to which there was no single holding entity but which were separately owned by its then existing partners. There was no single capital structure upon which to calculate historical earnings per share information. Accordingly, earnings per share information is not presented for historical periods prior to the Reorganization. The Class B share has no net loss per share as it does not participate in Apollos earnings or distributions.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2009, the FASB issued new guidance for accounting for transfers of financial assets, which amends the derecognition guidance and eliminates the exemption from consolidation for qualifying special-purpose entities (QSPEs). Consequently, a transferor will need to evaluate all existing QSPEs to determine whether they must now be consolidated in accordance with the new guidance on consolidations (see below). This new guidance is effective for financial asset transfers occurring after January 1, 2010 and early adoption is prohibited. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In June 2009, the FASB amended the consolidation guidance applicable to VIEs. The amended guidance will significantly affect the overall consolidation analysis as it modifies the approach for identifying which entities are VIEs and for determining which party is the primary beneficiary of a VIE. In particular, the amended guidance requires continuous assessment of the reporting entitys involvement with VIEs and identifies the primary beneficiary as the party that has: (1) the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the entitys economic performance, and (2) the obligation to absorb the losses that could potentially be significant to the entity or the right to receive benefits from the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity. The amended guidance also enhances the disclosure requirements for a reporting entitys involvement with VIEs, irrespective of whether they qualify for deferral, as noted below. This amended guidance will be effective as of the beginning of the first annual period that begins after November 15, 2009, and for interim periods within that first annual reporting period. In February 2010, the FASB issued further guidance which provided a limited scope deferral for a reporting entitys interest in an entity that met all of the following conditions: (a) the entity has all the attributes of an investment company or for which it is industry practice to apply measurement principles for financial reporting purposes that are consistent with those followed by investment companies, (b) the reporting entity does not have explicit or implicit obligations to fund any losses of the entity that could potentially be significant to the entity, and (c) the entity is not a securitization entity, asset-backed financing entity or an entity that was formerly considered a qualifying special-purpose entity. The reporting entity is required to perform a consolidation analysis for entities that qualify for the deferral in accordance with previously issued guidance on VIEs. The effective date of the deferral guidance coincides with the effective date of the amended consolidation guidance. The Company is currently in the process of evaluating the impact that this guidance might have on its consolidated and combined financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued guidance on fair value measurements and disclosures relating to investments in certain entities that calculate net asset value (NAV) per share (or its equivalent). The guidance permits, as a practical expedient, an entity holding investments in certain entities that either are investment companies or have attributes similar to an investment company, and calculate net asset value per share or its equivalent for which the fair value is not readily determinable, to measure the fair value of such investments on the basis of that NAV per share, or its equivalent, without adjustment. The guidance also requires disclosure of the attributes of investments within the scope of the guidance by major category of investment. Such disclosures
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APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
include but are not limited to the nature of any restrictions on an investors ability to redeem its investments at the measurement date and the investment strategies of the investee. Additional guidance is provided on the classification of investments for which NAV is used to measure fair value within the fair value hierarchy. If an entity has the ability to redeem its investment at net asset value at the measurement date or within the near term, the fair value measurement of the investment shall be categorized as a Level II fair value measurement. If an entity does not know when it will have the ability to redeem its investment or cannot do so in the near term, the fair value measurement of the investment shall be categorized as a Level III fair value measurement. The guidance is effective for interim and annual periods ending after December 15, 2009. The Company adopted this guidance with additional disclosure requirements presented in note 4 of its consolidated and combined financial statements. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In September 2009, the FASB issued additional implementation guidance on accounting for uncertain tax positions for pass-through entities and tax-exempt not-for-profit entities. In particular, this guidance pertains to determining whether income tax paid by an entity is attributable to the entity or its owners, determining what constitutes a tax position for a pass-through or tax-exempt not-for-profit entity, and determining how to apply accounting for uncertainty in income taxes when a group of related entities comprise both taxable and nontaxable entities. Additionally, the guidance eliminates certain disclosure requirements for non-public entities. This guidance is effective for periods ending after September 15, 2009. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In January 2010, the FASB issued new guidance applicable to disclosures about fair value measurements. This guidance adds new requirements for disclosures about transfers into and out of Levels 1 and 2 and separate disclosures about purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements relating to Level 3 measurements. It also clarifies existing fair value disclosures about the level of disaggregation and about inputs and valuation techniques used to measure fair value. This guidance is effective for the first reporting period beginning after December 15, 2009, except for the requirement to provide the Level 3 activity of purchases, sales, issuances, and settlements on a gross basis, which will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
In February 2010, the FASB amended its guidance on subsequent events to remove the requirement for SEC filers to disclose the date through which an entity has evaluated subsequent events. This change alleviates potential conflicts with current SEC guidance. The amended guidance also clarifies that an entity that is a conduit bond obligor for conduit debt securities that are traded in a public market (a domestic or foreign stock exchange or an over-the-counter market, including local or regional markets) must evaluate subsequent events through the date of issuance of its financial statements and must disclose such date. There is no change to the guidance for all other entities, who will continue to be required to evaluate subsequent events through the date the financial statements are available to be issued, and must disclose such date. For entities, other than conduit bond obligors, the provisions of this guidance are effective upon issuance. The adoption of this guidance did not have a material impact on the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements.
3. ACQUISITION OF NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
Pursuant to the Reorganization and the Private Placement described in note 1, the Company acquired interests in the predecessor businesses from the Predecessor Owners. These interests were acquired, in part, through an exchange of Holdings units (Units) and, in part, through the payment of cash.
F-80
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
This Reorganization has been accounted for partially as a transfer of interests under common control and, as an acquisition of Non-Controlling Interests in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The cash paid for the interests acquired from members of the Control Group has been charged to equity. Cash payments related to the acquisition of interests outside of the Control Group have been accounted for using the purchase method of accounting.
The total consideration paid to the Contributing Partners including contingent consideration of $7.8 million paid in January and April 2008, aggregated to $164.2 million. The excess of the purchase price paid over the fair value of the tangible assets acquired approximates $148.2 million and has been included in the captions Goodwill and Intangible Assets, Net in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition as of December 31, 2009 and 2008.
The finite-life intangible assets related to (i) trade names, (ii) the contractual right to receive future fee income from management and advisory services and (iii) the contractual right to earn future carried interest income from the private equity and capital markets funds. These finite-life intangible assets were estimated to be $100.3 million. The residual amount representing the purchase price in excess of fair value of the tangible and intangible assets is $47.9 million and has been recorded as Goodwill.
The Company has performed an analysis and an evaluation of the excess of the cost over the net tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The Company has determined the following estimated fair values for the acquired assets and liabilities assumed as of the date of acquisition.
Purchase price |
$ | 164,246 | |
Net assets acquired, at fair value |
$ | 16,049 | |
Trade names/contractual rights |
100,300 | ||
Total |
116,349 | ||
Goodwill |
47,897 | ||
Purchase price allocation |
$ | 164,246 | |
The estimated useful lives of the finite-life intangibles range between 2 and 20 years. The Company is amortizing these finite-life intangibles over their estimated useful lives using the straight-line method. The average useful life of the finite-life intangibles is approximately 10 years.
Useful Life in
Years |
December 31, | |||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||
Trade names |
20 | $ | 400 | $ | 400 | |||||
Existing contractual relationshipsCapital Markets |
14 | 42,700 | 42,700 | |||||||
Existing contractual relationshipsPrivate Equity |
215 | 57,200 | 57,200 | |||||||
Total identifiable intangible asset fair values |
100,300 | 100,300 | ||||||||
Less: Accumulated amortization of intangibles |
(31,249 | ) | (18,572 | ) | ||||||
Total |
$ | 69,051 | $ | 81,728 | ||||||
F-81
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Amortization expense related to the intangible assets was $12.7 million, $13.9 million and $4.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Expected amortization of intangible assets for each of the next 5 years and thereafter is as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 |
There-
after |
Total | |||||||||||||||
Amortization of intangible assets |
$ | 12,345 | $ | 11,516 | $ | 10,167 | $ | 6,604 | $ | 3,677 | $ | 24,742 | $ | 69,051 |
4. INVESTMENTS
The following table represents Apollos investments:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Investments, at fair value |
$ | 1,364,973 | $ | 854,442 | ||
Other investments |
189,182 | 104,203 | ||||
Total investments |
$ | 1,554,155 | $ | 958,645 | ||
Investments at Fair Value
Investments, at fair value, consist primarily of financial instruments held by AAA and Apollo Commodities Trading Fund, L.P. (Commodities Trading Fund). As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the net assets of the consolidated funds were $1,364.6 million and $850.8 million, respectively. The following investments are presented as a percentage of net assets of the consolidated funds:
December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Fund |
||||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Cost |
Private
Equity |
Cost | |||||||||||||||||
Investments, at fair value |
|||||||||||||||||||||
AAA |
$ | 1,324,939 | $ | | $ | 1,753,985 | 97.1 | % | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,755,361 | 100.4 | % | |||||||
Commodities Trading Fund |
| 40,034 | 40,000 | 2.9 | % | | |
|
|
||||||||||||
Total investments |
$ | 1,324,939 | $ | 40,034 | $ | 1,793,985 | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,755,361 | |||||||||||
F-82
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Securities
At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the sole investment of AAA was its investment in AAA Investments, L.P. (AAA Investments). The following tables represents each investment of AAA Investments constituting more than 5% of the net assets of the consolidated funds:
December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost | Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Funds |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 144,111 | $ | 184,575 | 13.5 | % | ||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 164,813 | 158,597 | 11.6 | |||||||
AP Investment Europe Limited |
Investment Fund | 339,488 | 135,473 | 9.9 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. |
Equity | 165,625 | 126,000 | 9.2 | |||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 103,081 | 111,152 | 8.1 | |||||||
Apollo Life Re Ltd. |
Equity | 98,002 | 87,900 | 6.4 | |||||||
AP Charter Holdings, L.P. |
Equity | 45,107 | 82,955 | 6.1 | |||||||
Rexnord Corporation |
Equity | 37,461 | 82,700 | 6.1 |
In addition to AAA Investments private equity co-investment in Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. (Harrahs), as shown in the table above, AAA Investments has an ownership interest in LeverageSource, L.P., which owns Harrahs debt. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is valued at $129.4 million at December 31, 2009. AAA Investments also owns equity, as a private equity co-investment, and debt, through its investment in Autumnleaf, L.P. and Apollo Fund VI BC, L.P. in CEVA Logistics. AAA Investments combined share of these debt and equity investments is greater than 5% of net assets of consolidated funds and is valued at $97.8 million at December 31, 2009.
December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||
Instrument Type | Cost | Fair Value |
% of Net
Assets of Consolidated Fund |
||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | $ | 321,244 | $ | 270,251 | 31.8 | % | ||||
Apollo Asia Opportunity Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
Investment Fund | 218,000 | 182,101 | 21.4 | |||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
Investment Fund | 104,994 | 94,982 | 11.2 | |||||||
LeverageSource, L.P. |
Equity | 177,974 | 90,656 | 10.7 | |||||||
Rexnord Corporation |
Equity | 37,461 | 90,400 | 10.6 | |||||||
AP Investment Europe Limited |
Investment Fund | 339,488 | 74,289 | 8.7 | |||||||
Prestige Cruise Holdings |
Equity | 100,019 | 72,045 | 8.5 | |||||||
Harrahs Entertainment, Inc. |
Equity | 165,625 | 56,900 | 6.7 | |||||||
CEVA Logistics |
Equity | 17,174 | 53,367 | 6.3 | |||||||
NCL Corporation |
Equity | 98,906 | 50,400 | 5.9 | |||||||
Smart and Final, Inc |
Equity | 32,750 | 49,800 | 5.9 |
The Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. primarily invests in the securities of leveraged companies in North America and Europe through three core strategies: distressed investments, value-driven investments and special opportunities. In connection with the redemptions requested by AAA Investments of its investment in
F-83
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. the remainder of the AAA Investments investment in the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. was converted into liquidating shares issued by the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd.s existing investments and liabilities as of the date of issuance. As those investments are sold, the liquidating shares proportionate share of the net proceeds from such disposition, less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred by the Apollo Strategic Value Offshore Fund, Ltd. and applicable management fees and performance allocation, is distributed to the holders of such liquidating shares rather than being reinvested in the fund.
AP Investment Europe Limited (Apollo Investment Europe) invests in mezzanine, debt and equity investments of both public and private companies primarily located in Europe. The fund generates current income and capital appreciation through its flexible investment strategy which is intended to capture opportunities across the capital structure. Due to market conditions in 2008 and early 2009, Apollo Investment Europes investment performance was adversely impacted, and on July 10, 2009, the companys shareholders approved a monetization plan, the primary objective of which is to maximize shareholder recovery value by (i) opportunistically selling Apollo Investment Europes assets over a three-year period beginning in July 2009 to July 2012 (subject to a one-year extension with the consent of a majority of Apollo Investment Europes shareholders) and (ii) reducing the overall costs of the fund. Subject to compliance with the applicable law and maintaining adequate liquidity, available cash received from the sale of assets will be returned to shareholders on a quarterly basis once all leverage in the fund is repaid. Substantially all of Apollo Investment Europes leverage was repaid during 2009.
The Apollo Asia Opportunity Fund, Ltd. (Asia Opportunity Fund) is an investment vehicle that seeks to generate attractive risk-adjusted returns across market cycles by capitalizing on investment opportunities created by the increasing demand for capital in the rapidly expanding Asian markets. In connection with a redemption requested by the AAA Investments of its investment in Asia Opportunity Fund, a portion of AAA Investments investment was converted into liquidating shares issued by the Asia Opportunity Fund. The liquidating shares are generally allocated a pro rata portion of each of the Asia Opportunity Funds existing investments and liabilities as of the date of issuance. As those investments are sold the liquidating shares proportionate share of the net proceeds from such disposition, less its proportionate share of any expenses incurred or reserves set by the Asia Opportunity Fund and applicable management fees and performance allocation, is distributed to the holders of such liquidating shares rather than being reinvested in the fund. At December 31, 2009, the liquidating shares had a fair value of $49.9 million. As part of the reorganization of the Asia Opportunity Fund, AAA Investments agreed to make a matching one year lock-up election for every dollar of capital owned by other investors that elect the additional one year lock-up. As a result, $5.0 million of AAA Investments investment in Asia Opportunity Fund is subject to an additional one year lock-up that expires March 31, 2010.
The Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. invests primarily in European non-performing loans, or NPLs. Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. seeks to capitalize on the inefficiencies of financial institutions in managing and restructuring their non-performing loans. The investment in the Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. has a life of five years plus two one-year extensions from December 22, 2009, the final closing of the fund. Distributed capital can be recalled for an 18-month recycle period. As of December 31, 2009, AAA Investments had an unfunded commitment to Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. of $210.7 million.
F-84
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Net Gains (Losses) from Investment Activities
Net gains (losses) from Investment Activities on the consolidated and combined statements of operations includes net realized gains from sales of investments, and the net change in net unrealized gains (losses) resulting from changes in fair value of the consolidated investments and realization of previously unrealized gains (losses). The following table presents Apollos net gains (losses) from investment activities:
Year Ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Realized gains on sales of investments |
$ | 584 | $ | | $ | 584 | ||||||
Change in net unrealized gains due to changes in fair value |
471,873 | 38,478 | 510,351 | |||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 472,457 | $ | 38,478 | $ | 510,935 | ||||||
Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Change in unrealized losses due to changes in fair value |
$ | (1,230,656 | ) | $ | (38,444 | ) | $ | (1,269,100 | ) | |||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (1,230,656 | ) | $ | (38,444 | ) | $ | (1,269,100 | ) | |||
Year Ended December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Net realized gains on sales of investments |
$ | 948,856 | $ | 64,364 | $ | 1,013,220 | ||||||
Change in net unrealized gains from realization due to sale of investments |
(996,666 | ) | (32,859 | ) | (1,029,525 | ) | ||||||
Change in net unrealized gains due to changes in fair value |
2,290,782 | 4,786 | 2,295,568 | |||||||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 2,242,972 | $ | 36,291 | $ | 2,279,263 | ||||||
F-85
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other Investments
Other Investments consists of investments in equity method investees. Apollos share of operating income (loss) generated by these investments is recorded as other income (loss) in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Income (loss) from equity method investments for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 consisted of the following:
For the Years Ended
December 31, |
||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | 261 | $ | (683 | ) | $ | 157 | |||||
Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. (Fund IV) |
17 | (68 | ) | 40 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. (Fund V) |
44 | (293 | ) | 224 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. (Fund VI) |
1,335 | (187 | ) | (3 | ) | |||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P. (Fund VII) |
31,527 | (14,806 | ) | | ||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Offshore Fund, Ltd. |
| | 1,181 | |||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. (SOMA) |
1,961 | (1,343 | ) | 40 | ||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. (VIF) |
57 | (32 | ) | 87 | ||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. (SVF) |
57 | (31 | ) | (4 | ) | |||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P (ACLF). |
13,768 | (11,028 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. (Artus) |
2,249 | (6,560 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. (COF I) |
16,473 | (7,096 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. (COF II) |
8,294 | (5,130 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. (EPF) |
330 | (1,973 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. (AIE II) |
2,937 | (1,525 | ) | | ||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. (Palmetto) |
258 | | | |||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
(743 | ) | | | ||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series A (Vantium A) |
(3,770 | ) | (5,560 | ) | | |||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series C (Vantium C) |
8,072 | (1,038 | ) | | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series D (Vantium D) |
(14 | ) | | | ||||||||
Total income (loss) from equity method investments |
$ | 83,113 | $ | (57,353 | ) | $ | 1,722 | |||||
F-86
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Other investments as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 consisted of the following:
Equity held as of December 31, | ||||||||||||
2009 |
% of
ownership |
2008 |
% of
ownership |
|||||||||
Investments: |
||||||||||||
Private Equity Funds: |
||||||||||||
AAA Investments |
$ | 746 | 0.056 | % | $ | 488 | 0.057 | % | ||||
Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P. |
30 | 0.006 | 34 | 0.006 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P. |
308 | 0.012 | 263 | 0.012 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VI, L.P. |
4,948 | 0.055 | 584 | 0.004 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Fund VII, L.P. |
61,245 | 1.389 | 24,364 | 1.242 | ||||||||
Capital Markets Funds: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Special Opportunities Managed Account, L.P. |
4,773 | 0.513 | 2,812 | 0.490 | ||||||||
Apollo Value Investment Fund, L.P. |
124 | 0.065 | 67 | 0.052 | ||||||||
Apollo Strategic Value Fund, L.P. |
123 | 0.058 | 66 | 0.083 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Liquidity Fund, L.P. |
19,618 | 2.440 | 11,108 | 2.440 | ||||||||
Apollo/Artus Investors 2007-I, L.P. |
2,249 | 6.160 | | | ||||||||
SOMA/Artus Guarantor, LLC |
| | 1,545 | 5.152 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund I, L.P. |
26,402 | 2.007 | 23,924 | 2.415 | ||||||||
Apollo Credit Opportunity Fund II, L.P. |
20,223 | 1.455 | 9,992 | 1.499 | ||||||||
Apollo European Principal Finance Fund, L.P. |
7,116 | 1.360 | 7,422 | 2.080 | ||||||||
Apollo Investment Europe II, L.P. |
6,069 | 1.971 | 3,132 | 1.959 | ||||||||
Apollo Palmetto Strategic Partnership, L.P. |
2,918 | 1.186 | | | ||||||||
Real Estate: |
||||||||||||
Apollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. |
10,260 | 5.180 | | | ||||||||
Other Equity Method Investments: |
||||||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series A |
3,170 | 14.158 | 6,940 | 41.349 | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series C |
18,529 | 6.291 | 11,462 | 47.461 | ||||||||
VC Holdings, L.P. Series D |
331 | 6.345 | | | ||||||||
Total other investments |
$ | 189,182 | $ | 104,203 | ||||||||
F-87
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The summarized aggregated financial information of the funds in which Apollo has equity method investments is as follows:
Private Equity | Capital Markets | Real Estate | |||||||||||||
As of December 31, | As of December 31, |
As
of
December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Information |
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||
Investments |
$ | 17,884,552 | $ | 10,199,597 | $ | 5,257,180 | $ | 2,922,491 | $ | 203,614 | |||||
Assets |
18,818,089 | 11,642,654 | 6,390,731 | 4,118,709 | 335,137 | ||||||||||
Liabilities |
718,264 | 958,731 | 426,723 | 706,337 | 139,842 | ||||||||||
Equity |
18,099,825 | 10,683,923 | 5,964,008 | 3,412,372 | 195,295 |
Note: Real Estate fund commenced operations in 2009.
Aggregate Totals As of
December 31, |
||||||
Balance Sheet Information |
2009 | 2008 | ||||
Investments |
$ | 23,345,346 | $ | 13,122,088 | ||
Assets |
25,543,957 | 15,761,363 | ||||
Liabilities |
1,284,829 | 1,665,068 | ||||
Equity |
24,259,128 | 14,096,295 |
Private Equity | Capital Markets | Real Estate | |||||||||||||||||||||||
For the Years Ended December 31, | For the Years Ended December 31, |
For the Year
Ended December 31, 2009 |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Statement Information |
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||||||||||||||
Revenues/Investment Income |
$ | 734,480 | $ | 180,132 | $ | 191,042 | $ | 427,030 | $ | 106,870 | $ | 31,145 | $ | 660 | |||||||||||
Expenses |
233,257 | 494,425 | 40,423 | 114,991 | 90,332 | 20,420 | 2,834 | ||||||||||||||||||
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
501,223 | (314,293 | ) | 150,619 | 312,039 | 16,538 | 10,725 | (2,174 | ) | ||||||||||||||||
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
6,824,737 | (9,347,089 | ) | 3,395,684 | 2,452,273 | (1,661,465 | ) | (12,685 | ) | | |||||||||||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 7,325,960 | $ | (9,661,382 | ) | $ | 3,546,303 | $ | 2,764,312 | $ | (1,644,927 | ) | $ | (1,960 | ) | $ | (2,174 | ) | |||||||
Note: Real Estate fund commenced operations in 2009.
Aggregate Totals
For the Years Ended December 31, |
||||||||||
Income Statement Information |
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Revenues/Investment Income |
$ | 1,162,170 | $ | 287,002 | $ | 222,187 | ||||
Expenses |
351,082 | 584,757 | 60,843 | |||||||
Net Investment Income (Loss) |
811,088 | (297,755 | ) | 161,344 | ||||||
Net Realized and Unrealized Gain (Loss) |
9,277,010 | (11,008,554 | ) | 3,382,999 | ||||||
Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 10,088,098 | $ | (11,306,309 | ) | $ | 3,544,343 | |||
F-88
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Fair Value Measurements
The following tables summarize the valuation of Apollos investments using the fair value hierarchy levels as of December 31, 2009 and 2008:
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
Assets, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Investment in AAA Investments, L.P. |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | ||||||||
Investment in Apollo Metals Trading Fund L.P. |
| | | | 40,034 | | 40,034 | | ||||||||||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | | $ | | $ | 1,364,973 | $ | 854,442 | $ | 1,364,973 | $ | 854,442 | ||||||||
Level I | Level II | Level III | Totals | |||||||||||||||||||||
As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | As of December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | 2009 | 2008 | |||||||||||||||||
Liabilities, at fair value: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | $ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | $ | | $ | | $ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | ||||||||
The changes in AAAs investments measured at fair value that the Company has characterized as Level III investments are:
For the Year Ended
December 31, |
||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | 854,442 | $ | 2,132,847 | ||||
Purchases |
4,121 | 3,098 | ||||||
Distributions |
(5,497 | ) | (50,847 | ) | ||||
Change in unrealized gains (losses) |
471,873 | (1,230,656 | ) | |||||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 1,324,939 | $ | 854,442 | ||||
The changes in the Commodities Trading Funds investments measured at fair value that the Company has characterized as Level III investments are:
For the Year
Ended December 31, |
|||
2009 | |||
Balance, beginning of period |
$ | | |
Purchases |
40,000 | ||
Distributions |
| ||
Change in unrealized gains |
34 | ||
Balance, end of period |
$ | 40,034 | |
F-89
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes a look through of the Companys Level III investments by valuation methodology of the underlying investments held by AAA Investments:
(1) | Balances include other assets and liabilities of certain funds that AAA Investments has invested in. Other assets and liabilities at the fund level primarily include cash and cash equivalents, broker receivables and payables and amounts due to and from affiliates. Carrying values approximate fair value for other assets and liabilities, and accordingly, extended valuation procedures are not required. |
(2) | Balances include other assets and liabilities and general partner interests of AAA Investments, and are primarily comprised of $650.0 million and $900.0 million in long-term debt offset by cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively. |
Variable Interest Entities
Apollo consolidates those entities it controls through a majority voting interest or otherwise, including those funds over which the general partner is presumed to have control. Apollo also consolidates entities which are variable interest entities (VIEs) for which Apollo is the primary beneficiary.
Additional disclosures are required for public enterprises, including sponsors that have a variable interest in a VIE. Among other things, those additional disclosure requirements include significant judgments and assumptions made in determining whether an enterprise must consolidate a VIE, the nature of, and changes in, the risks associated with an enterprises involvement with a VIE, and how an enterprises involvement with a VIE affects its financial results.
Certain of our subsidiaries hold equity interests in and/or receive fees qualifying as variable interests from the Apollo investment funds. U.S. GAAP requires an analysis to (i) determine whether an entity in which Apollo holds a variable interest is a VIE, and (ii) whether Apollos involvement, through holding interests directly or indirectly in the entity or contractually through other variable interests (e.g., carried interest and management fees), would be expected to absorb a majority of the variability of the entity. The evaluation of whether a fund is
F-90
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
a VIE and the determination of whether Apollo should consolidate such VIE requires managements judgment. These judgments include determining whether the equity investment at risk is sufficient to permit the entity to finance its activities without additional subordinated financial support, evaluating whether the equity holders, as a group, can make decisions that have a significant effect on the success of the entity, determining whether two or more parties equity interests should be aggregated, determining whether the equity investors have proportionate voting rights to their obligations to absorb losses or rights to receive returns from an entity, evaluating the nature of relationships and activities of the parties involved in determining which party within a related-party group is most closely associated with a VIE, and estimating cash flows in evaluating which member within the equity group absorbs a majority of the expected losses and, hence, would be deemed the primary beneficiary. The use of these judgments has a material impact to certain components of Apollos consolidated and combined financial statements, but does not affect Apollos net income or equity.
Based on the consolidation analyses performed, Apollo determined that it holds a significant variable interest or is a sponsor that holds a variable interest in certain VIEs, but is not the VIEs primary beneficiary. Apollo determines whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time it becomes involved with a VIE and reconsiders that conclusion based on certain events. The consolidation analysis can generally be performed qualitatively. However, if it is not readily apparent that Apollo is not the primary beneficiary, a quantitative expected losses and expected residual returns calculation will be performed. Investments and redemptions (either by Apollo, affiliates of Apollo or third parties) or amendments to the governing documents of the respective Apollo fund may affect an entitys status as a VIE or the determination of the primary beneficiary.
The nature of Apollos involvement with VIEs includes investments in private equity and capital markets funds. The disclosures are presented aggregating all VIEs. The investment strategies of the Apollo funds differ by product; however, the fundamental risks of the Apollo funds have similar characteristics, including loss of invested capital and the return of carried interest income previously distributed for our private equity and certain capital markets funds.
For those VIEs for which Apollo is the sponsor, Apollo may have an obligation as general partner to provide equity contributions to the funds to satisfy its capital commitments to such funds. During 2008 and 2009, Apollo did not provide any financial support to its VIEs other than its committed equity contributions.
The following table presents the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities of the VIEs for which Apollo has concluded that it holds a significant variable interest or is a sponsor that holds a variable interest in but that it is not the primary beneficiary of such VIEs. In addition, the table presents the maximum exposure to loss relating to those VIEs.
December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Total Assets | Total Liabilities | Apollo Exposure | ||||||||||
Private Equity |
$ | 5,767,009 | $ | (72,055 | ) | $ | | |||||
Capital Markets |
2,422,323 | (305,723 | ) | 5,019 | ||||||||
Total |
$ | 8,189,332 | (1) | $ | (377,778 | ) (2) | $ | 5,019 | (3) | |||
(1) | Consists of $225,226 in cash, $7,470,213 in investments and $493,893 in receivables. |
(2) | Represents $(139,775) in payables and accrued expenses, $(45,487) in securities sold, not purchased, and $(192,516) in capital withdrawals payable. |
(3) | Apollos exposure is limited to its direct investments in those entities in which Apollo holds a significant variable interest. Apollo has no exposure to loss for those entities of which Apollo is only a sponsor for which it holds a variable interest. |
F-91
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Excluded Assets
At the time of the Reorganization on July 13, 2007, certain assets were not contributed to Apollo Global Management, LLC. The following summarizes the impact of the excluded entities in the periods prior to their exclusion:
Period
January 1, 2007 July 13, 2007 |
||||
Revenues |
$ | | ||
Expenses |
(297 | ) | ||
Net loss from investment activities |
(4,513 | ) | ||
Net Loss |
(4,810 | ) | ||
Net Loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities |
3,942 | |||
Net Loss attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (868 | ) | |
5. CARRIED INTEREST RECEIVABLES
Carried interest receivable from private equity and capital markets funds consisted of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Private equity |
$ | 328,246 | $ | 63,888 | ||
Capital markets |
155,608 | 13,197 | ||||
Total carried interest receivable |
$ | 483,854 | $ | 77,085 | ||
The timing of the payment of carried interest due to the general partner or investment manager varies depending on the terms of the applicable fund agreements. Generally, carried interest in the private equity funds is payable and is distributed to the funds general partner upon realization of an investment if the funds cumulative returns are in excess of the preferred return. In most capital markets funds, carried interest is payable after the end of the relevant funds fiscal year or in certain cases fiscal quarter subject to high watermark provisions. There currently is no carried interest receivable associated with the Companys real estate segment.
F-92
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The table below provides a roll-forward of the carried interest receivable balance during the years ended December 31, 2009 and 2008.
Private
Equity |
Capital
Markets |
Total | ||||||||||
Carried interest receivable at January 1, 2008 |
$ | 1,273,602 | $ | 42,523 | $ | 1,316,125 | ||||||
Change in fair value of funds (1) |
(831,648 | ) | 48,578 | (783,070 | ) | |||||||
Fund cash distributions |
(378,066 | ) | (77,904 | ) | (455,970 | ) | ||||||
Carried interest receivable at December 31, 2008 |
63,888 | 13,197 | 77,085 | |||||||||
Change in fair value of funds |
310,871 | 193,525 | 504,396 | |||||||||
Fund cash distributions |
(46,513 | ) | (51,114 | ) | (97,627 | ) | ||||||
Carried interest receivable at December 31, 2009 |
$ | 328,246 | $ | 155,608 | $ | 483,854 | ||||||
6. FIXED ASSETS
Fixed assets consist of the following:
Useful
Life in Years |
December 31, | |||||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||||||
Ownership interests in aircraft |
15 | $ | 30,249 | $ | 30,249 | |||||
Leasehold improvements |
1016 | 29,098 | 20,379 | |||||||
Furniture, fixtures and other equipment |
410 | 11,378 | 12,152 | |||||||
Computer software and hardware |
24 | 21,598 | 18,962 | |||||||
Other |
4 | 501 | 501 | |||||||
Total fixed assets |
92,824 | 82,243 | ||||||||
LessAccumulated depreciation and amortization |
(25,030 | ) | (14,180 | ) | ||||||
Fixed Assets, net |
$ | 67,794 | $ | 68,063 | ||||||
Depreciation expense for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007 was $11.6 million, $8.2 million and $3.2 million, respectively.
F-93
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
7. OTHER ASSETS
Other assets consist of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Prepaid expenses |
$ | 3,922 | $ | 3,914 | ||
Tax receivables |
3,471 | 7,611 | ||||
Prepaid rent |
1,601 | 4,715 | ||||
Rent deposits |
620 | 963 | ||||
Purchased receivables |
| 9,989 | ||||
Pending deal costs |
| 7,668 | ||||
Other |
1,715 | 4,841 | ||||
Total other assets |
$ | 11,329 | $ | 39,701 | ||
8. OTHER LIABILITIES
Other liabilities consist of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Interest rate swap agreements |
$ | 26,639 | $ | 42,113 | ||
Deferred rent |
9,582 | 2,644 | ||||
Deferred taxes |
2,754 | 6,330 | ||||
Other |
2,393 | 1,748 | ||||
Total other liabilities |
$ | 41,368 | $ | 52,835 | ||
Interest Rate Swap Agreements The principal financial instruments used for cash flow hedging purposes are interest rate swaps. Apollo enters into interest rate swap agreements to manage its exposure to interest rate changes. The swaps effectively converted a portion of its variable rate debt under the AMH credit agreement to a fixed rate, without exchanging the notional principal amounts (see note 10). Apollo entered into interest rate swap agreements whereby Apollo receives floating rate payments in exchange for fixed rate payments of 5.068% (weighted average) and 5.175%, on the notional amounts of $433.0 million and $167.0 million, respectively, effectively converting a portion of its floating rate borrowings to a fixed rate. The interest rate swap agreements on the $433.0 million and $167.0 million expire in 2010 and 2012, respectively. Apollo has hedged only the risk related to changes in the benchmark interest rate (three month LIBOR). As of December 31, 2009 and 2008, the Company has recorded a liability of $26.6 million and $42.1 million, respectively, to recognize the fair value of these derivatives, which is included in Other Liabilities in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition.
The Company has determined that the valuation of the interest rate swaps fall within Level II of the fair value hierarchy. The Company estimates the fair value of its interest rate swaps using discounted cash flow models which project future cash flows based on the instruments contractual terms using market-based expectations for interest rates. The Company also includes a credit risk adjustment to the cash flow discount rate to incorporate the impact of nonperformance risk in the recognized measure of the fair value of the swaps. This adjustment is based on the counterpartys credit risk when the swaps are in a net asset position and on the Companys own credit risk when the swaps are in a net liability position.
F-94
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
9. INCOME TAXES
Prior to July 13, 2007, the Company had not been subject to U.S. Federal corporate income taxes. However, certain subsidiaries of the Company were subject to New York City Unincorporated Business Tax (NYC UBT) attributable to the Companys operations apportioned to New York City. In addition, certain non-U.S. subsidiaries of the Company were subject to income taxes in their local jurisdictions. Commencing July 13, 2007, APO Corp., a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company, became subject to U.S. Federal corporate income taxes. The Companys provision for income taxes is accounted for under the provisions of U.S. GAAP.
APO Corp. is required to file a standalone Federal corporate tax return, as well as filing standalone corporate state tax returns in New York and California. In addition, various subsidiaries of the Company file NYC UBT returns and others file corporate tax returns in foreign jurisdictions as required. APO Corp.s effective tax rate was approximately (43.18)%, 1.26% and 0.54% for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively.
The (provision) benefit for income taxes is presented in the following table:
Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||
Current: |
||||||||||||
Foreign income tax |
$ | (3,993 | ) | $ | (2,688 | ) | $ | (2,507 | ) | |||
NYC UBT |
(5,661 | ) | (4,366 | ) | (5,085 | ) | ||||||
Subtotal |
(9,654 | ) | (7,054 | ) | (7,592 | ) | ||||||
Deferred: |
||||||||||||
Federal income tax |
(2,666 | ) | 19,779 | (1,596 | ) | |||||||
Foreign income tax |
(1,045 | ) | | | ||||||||
State and local income tax (net of federal (benefit) provision) |
(14,398 | ) | 14,328 | (276 | ) | |||||||
NYC UBT |
(951 | ) | 9,942 | 2,738 | ||||||||
Subtotal |
(19,060 | ) | 44,049 | 866 | ||||||||
Total Income Tax (Provision) Benefit |
$ | (28,714 | ) | $ | 36,995 | $ | (6,726 | ) | ||||
For 2009, 2008 and 2007, the amount of federal income tax (benefit) provision netted in the deferred state and local income tax amounts were $(7.9) million, $7.6 million and $0 million, respectively.
Deferred income taxes are provided for the effects of temporary differences between the tax basis of an asset or liability and its reported amount in the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition. These temporary differences result in taxable or deductible amounts in future years.
F-95
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The Companys deferred tax assets and liabilities on the consolidated and combined statements of financial condition consist of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Deferred Tax Assets: |
||||||
Depreciation and amortization |
$ | 540,907 | $ | 576,304 | ||
Revenue recognition |
46,015 | 40,994 | ||||
Net operating loss carry forward |
32,010 | 21,143 | ||||
Unrealized gains |
2,243 | 10,689 | ||||
Equity-based compensation |
19,952 | 8,553 | ||||
Other |
3,268 | 11,340 | ||||
Total Deferred Tax Assets |
$ | 644,395 | $ | 669,023 | ||
Deferred Tax Liabilities: |
||||||
Other |
2,754 | 6,330 | ||||
Total Deferred Tax Liabilities |
$ | 2,754 | $ | 6,330 | ||
The Company has recorded a significant deferred tax asset for the future amortization of tax basis intangibles resulting from the investment by the Strategic Investors. The amortization period for these tax basis intangibles is 15 years and accordingly, the related deferred tax assets will reverse over the same period.
The Company has a cumulative tax loss of $79.9 million and recorded a total tax benefit of $32.0 million for the benefit of the carry forward of such taxable loss. The material portion of these tax benefits will begin to expire in 2027.
The Company considered the 15 year amortization period of the tax basis intangibles and the 20 year carry forward period for its taxable loss in evaluating whether it should establish a valuation allowance. The Company also considered large recurring book expenses that do not provide a corresponding reduction in taxable income. The Companys short term and long term projections anticipate positive book income. In addition, the Companys projection of future taxable income include the effects of originating and reversing temporary differences including those for the tax basis intangibles, indicate that deferred tax liabilities will reverse substantially in the same period and jurisdiction and are of the same character as the temporary differences giving rise to the deferred tax asset. Based upon this positive evidence, the Company has concluded it is more likely than not that the deferred tax asset inclusive of the 2008 and 2009 tax losses, will be realized and that no valuation allowance is needed at December 31, 2009.
F-96
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table reconciles the provision for taxes to the U.S. federal statutory tax rate:
Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||
2009 | 2008 | 2007 | |||||||
Reconciliation of the Statutory Income Tax Rate: |
|||||||||
U.S. Statutory Federal income tax rate |
35.00 | % | 35.00 | % | 35.00 | % | |||
Income passed through to Non-Controlling Interests |
38.15 | (27.51 | ) | (39.20 | ) | ||||
Income passed through to Class A holders |
46.04 | (3.88 | ) | | |||||
Equity-based compensation |
(146.43 | ) | (2.84 | ) | 3.55 | ||||
Foreign income taxes |
(6.98 | ) | (0.09 | ) | 0.20 | ||||
State and local income taxes |
(30.74 | ) | 0.46 | 0.20 | |||||
Amortization and other accrual adjustments |
22.18 | | | ||||||
Other |
(0.40 | ) | 0.12 | 0.79 | |||||
Effective Income Tax Rate |
(43.18 | )% | 1.26 | % | 0.54 | % | |||
Under U.S. GAAP a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position may be recognized when it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes, based on the technical merits.
We recognize tax liabilities in accordance with U.S. GAAP and we adjust these liabilities when our judgment changes as a result of the evaluation of new information not previously available. Due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from our current estimate of the tax liabilities. These differences will be reflected as increases or decreases to income tax expense in the period in which they are determined.
The Company analyzed its tax filing position in all of the federal, state and foreign tax jurisdictions where it is required to file income tax returns, as well as for all open years in these jurisdictions. Based on this review, no reserves for uncertain tax positions were required to have been recorded. In addition, the Company does not believe that it has any tax positions for which it is reasonably possible that it will be required to record significant amounts of unrecognized tax benefits within the next twelve months.
The Company files its tax returns as prescribed by the tax laws of the jurisdictions in which it operates. In the normal course of business the Company is subject to examination by federal and certain state, local, and foreign regulators. As of December 31, 2009, Apollo and its predecessor entities U.S. federal income tax returns for the years 2006 through 2008 are open under the normal statute of limitations and therefore subject to examination. The 2005 through 2008 state and local tax returns are generally subject to audit.
F-97
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
10. DEBT
Debt consists of the following:
December 31, 2009 | December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
weighted average interest rate |
Outstanding
Balance |
Annualized
weighted average interest rate |
|||||||||
AMH Credit Agreement |
$ | 909,091 | 5.15 | % (1) | $ | 1,000,000 | 5.90 | % (1) | ||||
CIT Secured Loan Agreement |
24,743 | 3.64 | 26,005 | 5.79 | ||||||||
Total Debt |
$ | 933,834 | 5.11 | % | $ | 1,026,005 | 5.90 | % | ||||
(1) | Includes the effect of interest rate swaps. |
AMH Credit Agreement On April 20, 2007, AMH entered into a $1.0 billion seven-year credit agreement. Interest payable under the agreement may from time to time be based on Eurodollar (LIBOR) or Alternate Base Rate (ABR) as determined by the borrower. With respect to the AMH credit agreement, via swaps AMH has irrevocably elected three-month LIBOR for $433 million of the debt for three years and $167 million of the debt for five years. The remaining $400 million of the debt is computed currently based on three-month LIBOR. The interest rate of the Eurodollar loan will be the daily Eurodollar rate plus the applicable margin rate (1.25% and 1.50% as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively). The interest rate on the ABR term loan, for any day, will be the greater of (a) the prime rate in effect on such day, or (b) the Federal Funds Rate in effect on such day plus 1/2 of 1% and the applicable margin rate of 0.5%. The AMH loan matures in April 2014. The interest rate at December 31, 2008 on the loan was 3.68%. At December 31, 2009 the interest rate on the loan was 1.52%. During April and May 2009, the Company repurchased a combined $90.9 million of face value of debt for $54.7 million and recognized a gain of $36.2 million within other income in the consolidated and combined statements of operations. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, the estimated fair value of the Companys long term debt obligation related to the AMH credit agreement is approximately $762.8 million and $769.7 million, respectively. These amounts were based on a yield analysis using available market data of comparable securities with similar terms and remaining maturities. The $909.1 million carrying value of debt that is recorded on the consolidated statement of financial condition at December 31, 2009 is the amount that the Company expects to settle the AMH Credit Agreement.
As of December 31, 2009, the credit agreement is guaranteed by, and is collateralized by substantially all the assets of, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH, as well as cash proceeds from the sale of assets or similar recovery events and any cash deposited pursuant to the excess cash flow covenant, which will be deposited as cash collateral to the extent necessary as set out in the credit agreement. The proceeds of the term loan have substantially all been distributed to the Managing Partners. As of December 31, 2008, the credit agreement was collateralized by Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. and AMH. At December 31, 2009, the consolidated net assets (deficit) of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH were $13.2 million, $(7.8) million, $37.0 million, $70.2 million and $(1,284.1) million, respectively. At December 31, 2008, the consolidated net deficits of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. and AMH were $(61.1) million, $(7.2) million and $(1,342.1) million, respectively.
In accordance with the AMH credit agreement, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. and AMH and their
F-98
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
subsidiaries are subject to certain negative and affirmative covenants. Among other things, the credit agreement includes an excess cash flow covenant and an asset sales covenant. The AMH credit agreement does not contain any financial maintenance covenants.
The excess cash flow covenant provides that if AMHs debt to EBITDA ratio as of the end of any fiscal year exceeds the level set forth below (the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio), AMH must deposit its excess cash flow (as defined in the AMH Credit Agreement) in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of such fiscal year to 0.25 to 1.00 below the Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio. The Excess Sweep Leverage Ratio per the AMH Credit Agreement is 4.75 to 1.00 for 2008; 4.25 to 1.00 for 2009; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2010; 4.00 to 1.00 for 2011; and 4.00 to 1.00 for 2012. Beginning in 2010, AMH must deposit excess cash flow in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce the debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the end of each fiscal year to 3.25 to 1.00.
The asset sales covenant provides that if AMH receives net cash proceeds from certain non-ordinary course asset sales, then such net cash proceeds shall be deposited in the cash collateral account to the extent necessary to reduce its debt to EBITDA ratio on a pro forma basis as of the last day of the most recently completed fiscal quarter (after giving effect to such non-ordinary course asset sale and such deposit) to (i) for 2010, 2011 and 2012, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 3.50 to 1.00 and (ii) for all other years, a debt to EBITDA ratio of 4.00 to 1.00. As of December 31, 2009, the Company was not aware of any instances of non-compliance with the AMH Credit Agreement. See note 8 for discussion of the swaps associated with the AMH Credit Agreement.
The AMH Credit Agreement contains customary events of default, including events of default arising from non-payment, material misrepresentations, breaches of covenants, cross default to material indebtedness, bankruptcy and changes in control of AMH.
CIT Secured Loan Agreement During the second quarter of 2008, the Company entered into four secured loan agreements totaling $26.9 million with CIT Group/Equipment Financing Inc. (CIT) to finance the purchase of fixed assets. The loans bear interest at LIBOR plus 318 basis points per annum with interest and principal to be repaid monthly and a balloon payment of the remaining principal totaling $20.1 million due at the end of the terms in April and June 2013. At December 31, 2009, the interest rate was 3.42%.
Convertible Debt Issued to Strategic Investors On July 13, 2007, the Company issued convertible notes with a principal amount of $1.2 billion to the Strategic Investors. The notes bore interest at 7% per annum and had a stated 15-year term. Apollo incurred approximately $44.3 million in costs in conjunction with the issuance of the debt. The notes included provisions calling for either an optional or mandatory conversion of the loan to non-voting Class A shares at a conversion price of $20 per share. The mandatory conversion occurred at the time of the Private Placement, which was completed on August 8, 2007 at $24 per share. On the conversion date, the unamortized deferred debt issuance costs of $44.1 million were written off and included as a component of interest expense.
The intrinsic value calculated at the commitment date is based on the fair value of the Company as determined through an independent valuation. The intrinsic value of the beneficial conversion feature (BCF) was approximately $240 million based on the difference between the conversion price of $20 per share and $24 fair value per share and given the conversion of the $1.2 billion notes into 60,000,001 Class A shares. The BCF was charged to interest expense upon conversion of the notes. At that time, the $1.2 billion of notes held by the Strategic Investors converted to 60,000,001 Class A shares. Additionally, the Company paid approximately $6.1 million of interest while the notes were outstanding prior to conversion.
F-99
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
As of December 31, 2009, the Companys debt obligations have contractual maturities as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
Contractual maturities |
$ | 1,492 | $ | 1,377 | $ | 1,377 | $ | 20,497 | $ | 909,091 | $ | | $ | 933,834 |
11. NET LOSS PER CLASS A SHARE
Basic and diluted weighted average Class A shares outstanding are as follows:
Basic and Diluted | ||||||
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
July 13, 2007
Through December 31, 2007 |
||||
Apollo Global Management, LLC, Class A shares |
95,624,541 | 97,324,541 | 97,324,541 | |||
Weighted average Class A shares outstanding |
95,815,500 | 97,324,541 | 82,152,883 |
Basic and diluted net loss per Class A share is calculated as follows:
Basic and Diluted | ||||||||||||
Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
July 13, 2007
Through December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||
Net loss available to Class A shareholders |
$ | (155,176 | ) | $ | (912,258 | ) | $ | (962,107 | ) | |||
Weighted average Class A shares outstanding |
95,815,500 | 97,324,541 | 82,152,883 | |||||||||
Net loss per Class A share |
$ | (1.62 | ) | $ | (9.37 | ) | $ | (11.71 | ) |
Prior to the Companys Reorganization, there was no single capital structure of the Apollo Operating Group upon which to calculate earnings per share information. Accordingly, earnings per share information is not meaningful for periods prior to the Reorganization and has not been presented.
On August 8, 2007, the Company issued 34,500,000 Class A shares in connection with the Private Placement, which also triggered the issuance of 60,000,001 Class A shares as a result of the conversion of the notes issued to the Strategic Investor. The Private Placement also included an option to purchase additional shares. On August 31, 2007, the initial purchasers exercised their option to purchase additional shares, which closed on September 5, 2007 and resulted in the issuance of 2,824,540 shares. An additional over allotment purchase option of 2,375,460 shares has expired unexercised.
Basic and diluted loss per unit are identical in each year presented, as application of the treasury method for Apollo Class A share equivalents for the AOG Units for vested and unvested units are anti-dilutive. For the year ended December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for the period from July 13, 2007 through December 31, 2007, had the Class A shares been dilutive, the Company would have: (1) included an additional 240,000,000 shares from the conversion of the Class B share and vested shares from its Apollo Global Management restricted share units (RSUs) in the determination of diluted net income per Class A share and (2) adjusted net income related to amortization of the AOG Units and RSUs, as well as its related tax effects.
Holders of AOG Units are subject to the vesting requirements and transfer restrictions set forth in the agreements with the respective holders, and may up to 4 times each year (subject to the terms of the exchange
F-100
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
agreement) exchange their AOG Units for Class A shares on a one-for-one basis. A limited partner must exchange one partnership unit in each of the Apollo Operating Group partnerships to effect an exchange for one Class A share. Prior to their conversion, AOG Units would not have rights to undistributed earnings (losses) of Apollo that otherwise would have been available to common shareholders. As a result, the AOG Units are not considered participating securities under U.S. GAAP. If fully converted, the result would be an additional 240,000,000 Class A shares added to the basic earnings per share calculation. Consequently, the Company applies the if converted method to determine the dilutive effect, if any, that the exchange of all AOG Units would have on basic earnings per Class A share. The assumed exchange of AOG Units includes an assumed tax effect resulting from the increased income (loss) allocated to the Company on the exchange of the AOG Units.
In addition to the vested RSUs as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, approximately 1.7 million RSUs granted to Apollo employees are entitled to distribution equivalents any time a dividend is declared. Once distributed to the employees, the distribution equivalents will not be returned to Apollo upon forfeiture of the award by such employee. Under U.S. GAAP, the unvested RSUs granted that are entitled to distribution equivalents are considered participating securities. Because no dividends were declared subsequent to the grant date of the unvested participating RSUs and these unvested RSUs are not subject to any contractual obligation to share in losses of the Company, the use of the two-class method was not required to separately present the unvested participating RSUs in the net loss per Class A share calculation.
Apollo has one Class B share held by Holdings. The voting power of the Class B share is reduced on a one vote per one AOG Unit basis in the event of an exchange of AOG Units for Class A shares, as discussed above. The Class B share has no net income (loss) per share as it does not participate in Apollos earnings (losses) or distributions. The Class B share has no dividend or liquidation rights. The Class B share has voting rights on a pari passu basis with the Class A shares. The number of Class B shares outstanding did not change subsequent to the Private Placement. The Class B share has a super voting power of 240,000,000 votes.
The convertible debt issued to the Strategic Investors has participation rights in certain income under certain circumstances for the period from July 13, 2007 until August 8, 2007 (Private Placement) based on the number of Class A shares that the debt converted into (60,000,001 Class A shares). These shares are included in the computation of both basic and diluted earnings per Class A share using the two-class method for participating securities, in accordance with U.S. GAAP. Additionally, the interest expense associated with the convertible debt (including the BCF charge) has not been added back because the effect of doing so would be anti-dilutive.
On February 11, 2009, Apollo repurchased 1.7 million Class A shares for $2 per share. The repurchase was followed by a corresponding exchange and cancellation of AOG Units by the Apollo Operating Group. The Companys ownership interest in the Apollo Operating Group was 28.9% prior to the repurchase and 28.5% after the repurchase. As Holdings did not sell any AOG Units back, their ownership in the Apollo Operating Group increased from 71.1% to 71.5%.
F-101
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
In accordance with new U.S. GAAP guidance on Non-Controlling Interests, companies are required to provide a pro-forma presentation of the pro-forma consolidated net income attributable to the parent and pro-forma earnings per share in the year of adoption of the guidance, if the results under prior guidance would have been significantly different. The following table presents the pro-forma impact to the Companys net loss and earnings per share had losses not been allocated to our Non-Controlling Interests in excess of their basis:
Pro-Forma Year
Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC: |
||||
Net Loss - as Reported |
$ | (155,176 | ) | |
Net Losses Allocated to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
(400,440 | ) | ||
Net Loss - Pro-Forma |
$ | (555,616 | ) | |
Earnings per Share: |
||||
Net Loss per Class A Share Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC - as Reported |
$ | (1.62 | ) | |
Adjustment per Class A Share for Losses Attributable to Apollo Operating Group |
(4.18 | ) | ||
Net Loss per Class A Share Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC - Pro-Forma |
$ | (5.80 | ) | |
12. EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION
AOG Units
At the time of the Reorganization, the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners received 240,000,000 AOG Units, all of which will vest over a period of either 60 or 72 months. The Reorganization agreements specify that the service inception date commenced on January 1, 2007 for the Managing Partners. The Company is accounting for the unvested AOG Units as compensation expense in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The unvested AOG Units are charged to compensation expense as the AOG Units vest over the service period on a straight-line basis. Compensation expense for the Contributing Partners has been calculated based on the enterprise fair value, which was determined based upon expected future cash flows, discounted back to present value of $28 per share as of July 13, 2007 less a 29% discount to reflect transfer restrictions. Additionally, the calculation of the compensation expense assumes a forfeiture rate for the Contributing Partners of up to 3%, based on Apollos historical turnover experience. The Managing Partners compensation expense is also based on $28 per share less a 14% discount to reflect transfer restrictions on the Managing Partners units for certain restrictions, which include satisfaction of certain criteria related to transferability and ability to cause a change in control in the entity. The Managing Partners entered into an agreement among themselves (the Principals Agreement) which provides that, in the event a Managing Partner voluntarily terminates his employment with Apollo Global Management, LLC for any reason prior to January 1, 2012 or January 1, 2013, a portion of the equity interests held by that Managing Partner as of the completion of the Private Placement will be forfeited to the remaining Managing Partners who are employed by Apollo Global Management, LLC generally as of the date of such termination of employment. Generally, upon the termination of a Managing Partners employment, for any reason, all unvested AOG Units received by the Managing Partner will be immediately forfeited without any payment or consideration; provided that (1) if such termination is due to death or permanent disability, 100% or 50%, respectively, of the unvested AOG Units will become vested, or (2) if such termination occurs in connection with a resignation or retirement, the amount forfeited is the number of unvested units. In the event that a Managing Partner breaches his or her restrictive covenants or is terminated for cause, all AOG Units
F-102
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(whether vested or unvested), and any AOG Units then held by the Managing Partner in respect of previously delivered unvested AOG Units, will be forfeited. Additionally, in connection with certain change of control events, any unvested AOG Units will automatically be deemed vested immediately prior to such change in control and their delivery may be accelerated. The terms of the Principals Agreement provided for partial vesting of the AOG Units as if they were granted on January 1, 2007, therefore six months of expense was recognized on July 13, 2007.
As a result of the service requirement, the fair value of the AOG Units of approximately $5.6 billion will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the five or six year service period, as applicable. Accordingly, we have recognized $1,033.3 million, $1,034.9 million and $980.7 million of compensation expense in the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. As of December 31, 2009, there was $2.6 billion of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested shares that is expected to vest over the next three to four years.
Apollo
Operating Group Units |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
|||||
Balance at July 13, 2007 |
| $ | | |||
Granted |
240,000,000 | 23.49 | ||||
Forfeited |
| | ||||
Vested |
(41,275,930 | ) | 23.75 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
198,724,070 | 23.43 | ||||
Granted |
| | ||||
Forfeited |
| | ||||
Vested |
(43,984,314 | ) | 23.53 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
154,739,756 | 23.41 | ||||
Granted |
| | ||||
Forfeited |
| | ||||
Vested |
(43,907,662 | ) | 23.53 | |||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
110,832,094 | $ | 23.35 | |||
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 110,295,527 of unvested AOG Units are expected to vest over the next three to four years.
RSUs
On October 24, 2007, the Company commenced the granting of Apollo Global Management, LLC units in the form of RSUs. These grants are accounted for as a grant of equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP . All of the RSUs granted in 2009 were granted to the Companys employees under the Companys equity compensation plan. The fair value of these plan-based awards was approximately $10.0 million, which is based on valuation methods that consider market comparables for transfer restrictions and lack of distributions until vested. For bonus grant awards, the valuation methods consider transfer restrictions and timing of distributions. Both valuations consider that dividend equivalents are paid in January of the next year after a dividend on Class A shares was declared. The total fair value will be charged to compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the vesting period, which can be twenty four quarters or annual vesting over 3 years. The forfeiture rate was 6.6%, 2.9% and 0.0% in 2009, 2008 and 2007 respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, $60.7 million, $75.4 million and $5.3 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively.
F-103
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following table summarizes RSU activity for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RSUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance at July 13, 2007 |
| $ | | | | ||||||
Granted |
20,477,101 | 15.30 | | 20,477,101 | |||||||
Forfeited |
| | | | |||||||
Vested |
| | | | |||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
20,477,101 | 15.30 | | 20,477,101 | |||||||
Granted |
11,106,232 | 6.02 | | 11,106,232 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(925,003 | ) | 14.72 | | (925,003 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(5,986,867 | ) | 13.00 | 5,986,867 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
24,671,463 | 11.70 | 5,986,867 | 30,658,330 | |||||||
Granted |
3,221,335 | 3.09 | | 3,221,335 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(1,849,650 | ) | 10.08 | | (1,849,650 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(6,105,152 | ) | 10.37 | 6,105,152 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
19,937,996 | $ | 10.87 | 12,092,019 | 32,030,015 | ||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 18,741,716 RSUs are expected to vest.
RDUs
On June 15, 2006, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P., purchased 3,700,000 RDUs of AP Alternative Assets, L.P. for $74.0 million. These units were purchased as part of the global private placement of AAA RDUs. During the year ended December 31, 2008, the Companys subsidiary, AAA Holdings, L.P. purchased an additional 2.2 million units of AAA for an aggregate purchase price of $26.2 million.
Incentive units that provide the right to receive RDUs following vesting are granted periodically to employees of Apollo Global Management, LLC and its affiliated management companies. These grants are accounted for as equity awards in accordance with U.S. GAAP. The RDUs subject to incentive units granted to employees generally vest over three years. In contrast, the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have received distributions of fully vested RDUs. The fair value of the grants are recognized on a straight-line basis over the vesting period (or upon grant in the case of fully vested RDUs). Vested RDUs can be converted into ordinary common units of AAA.
For the year ended December 31, 2007, 513,524 RDUs and 253,474 RDUs were granted to the Companys Managing Partners and Contributing Partners, respectively, made prior to the Reorganization, which were treated as equity distributions in the amount of $10.3 million and $5.1 million, respectively. For the year ended December 31, 2008, the Company granted awards covering a total of 2,422,496 RDUs, of those granted, 982,839 RDUs were granted to the Companys Managing Partners as part of the contingent consideration distributed to the Managing Partners in exchange for their interests that were purchased during the Reorganization, which were treated as equity distributions in the amount of $12.7 million. As part of the total grants in 2008, 583,690 RDUs were granted to the Companys Contributing Partners, resulting in a compensation expense of $7.6 million for the year and 855,967 RDUs were granted to certain employees of the Company, resulting in an additional
F-104
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
compensation expense of $7.3 million for the year. As of December 31, 2008, all units awarded to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners were fully vested and delivered. The Company has not made any significant grants in 2009 of either RDUs or incentive units covering RDUs.
The forfeiture rate for unvested RDUs was 11.0%, 3.9% and 0.4% for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, $5.8 million, $14.9 million and $3.9 million of compensation expense was recognized, respectively. There was $6.2 million and $6.8 million of vested but undelivered RDUs included in accrued compensation in the consolidated and combined financial statements as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, respectively.
The following table summarizes RDU activity for the year ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of RDUs Issued |
||||||||
Balance at January 1, 2007 |
| $ | 19.60 | | | ||||||
Granted |
1,354,998 | 19.60 | | 1,354,998 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(5,000 | ) | 19.60 | | (5,000 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(942,997 | ) | 19.60 | 942,997 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2007 |
407,001 | 19.60 | 942,997 | 1,349,998 | |||||||
Granted |
2,422,496 | 13.00 | | 2,422,496 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(110,546 | ) | 14.40 | | (110,546 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(2,040,302 | ) | 13.63 | 2,040,302 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
678,649 | 14.57 | 2,983,299 | 3,661,948 | |||||||
Granted |
2,667 | 1.07 | | 2,667 | |||||||
Forfeited |
(74,870 | ) | 14.23 | | (74,870 | ) | |||||
Vested |
(385,225 | ) | 15.65 | 385,225 | | ||||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
221,221 | $ | 12.95 | 3,368,524 | 3,589,745 | ||||||
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 194,674 RDUs are expected to vest.
The following table summarizes the activity of RDUs available for future grants:
RDUs Available
For Future Grants |
|||
Balance at January 1, 2008 |
2,439,724 | ||
Purchases |
2,175,139 | ||
Granted |
(2,422,496 | ) | |
Forfeited |
110,546 | ||
Balance at December 31, 2008 |
2,302,913 | ||
Purchases |
43,412 | ||
Granted |
(2,667 | ) | |
Forfeited |
74,870 | ||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
2,418,528 | ||
F-105
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Restricted Stock AwardsApollo Commercial Real Estate Finance, Inc. (ACREF)
On September 29, 2009, 97,500 and 140,000 shares of ACREF restricted stock were granted to the Company and certain of the Companys employees, respectively. The fair value of the Company and employee awards is $1.8 million and $2.7 million, respectively. Additionally, on December 31, 2009, 5,000 shares of ACREF restricted stock awards were granted to the Companys employees. These awards vest over three years or twelve quarters with the first quarter vesting on January 1, 2010. The awards granted to the Company are accounted for as investments and deferred revenue in the consolidated and combined statement of financial condition. As these awards vest, the deferred revenue is recognized as management fees. The investment is accounted for using the equity method of accounting for awards granted to the Company and as a deferred compensation asset for the awards granted to employees. Compensation expense will be recognized on a straight line-basis over the vesting period for the awards granted to the employees. For the year ended December 31, 2009, $0.4 million of management fees and $0.2 million of compensation expense was recognized in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
The following table summarizes activity for the ACREF restricted stock awards that were granted to both the Company and its employees for the year ended December 31, 2009:
Unvested |
Weighted
Average Grant Date Fair Value |
Vested |
Total
Number of Restricted Stock Awards Issued |
||||||
Balance at January 1, 2009 |
| $ | | | | ||||
Granted employees of the Company |
145,000 | 18.46 | | 145,000 | |||||
Granted the Company |
97,500 | 18.48 | | 97,500 | |||||
Vested |
| | | | |||||
Balance at December 31, 2009 |
242,500 | $ | 18.47 | | 242,500 | ||||
F-106
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Units Expected to Vest As of December 31, 2009, 227,950 ACREF restricted stock awards are expected to vest.
Equity-based compensation is allocated based on ownership interests. Therefore, the amortization of the AOG Units is allocated to Shareholders Equity and the Non-Controlling Interests, which results in a difference in the amounts charged to equity-based compensation expense and the amounts credited to Shareholders Equity in the Companys consolidated and combined financial statements. Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2009:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interests % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group (1) |
Allocated to
Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 1,033,343 | 71.5 | % | $ | 738,431 | $ | 294,912 | ||||||
RSUs |
60,747 | | | 60,747 | ||||||||||
ACREF Restricted Stock Awards |
217 | 71.5 | % | 155 | 62 | |||||||||
RDUs |
5,799 | 71.5 | % | 4,146 | 1,653 | |||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 1,100,106 | $ | 742,732 | $ | 357,374 | ||||||||
Less RDUs and ACREF Restricted Stock Awards |
(4,301 | ) | (1,715 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 738,431 | $ | 355,659 | ||||||||||
(1) | Calculation based on average ownership percentage for the period after considering Class A share repurchase that took place in February 2009. |
Below is a reconciliation of the equity-based compensation allocated to Apollo Global Management, LLC for the year ended December 31, 2008:
Total
Amount |
Non-
Controlling Interests % in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated
to Non- Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
Allocated to
Apollo Global Management, LLC |
|||||||||||
AOG Units |
$ | 1,034,876 | 71.1 | % | $ | 736,387 | $ | 298,489 | ||||||
RSUs |
75,414 | | | 75,414 | ||||||||||
RDUs |
14,894 | 71.1 | % | 10,597 | 4,297 | |||||||||
Total Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 1,125,184 | $ | 746,984 | 378,200 | |||||||||
Less RDUs |
(10,597 | ) | (4,297 | ) | ||||||||||
Capital Increase Related to Equity-based Compensation |
$ | 736,387 | $ | 373,903 | ||||||||||
F-107
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
13. RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
As a management company, the Company is responsible for paying certain operating costs incurred by the funds and affiliates. These costs are reimbursable to the Company from the funds and are included in due from affiliates. Due from affiliates and due to affiliates are comprised of the following:
December 31, | ||||||
2009 | 2008 | |||||
Due from Affiliates: |
||||||
Management and advisory fees receivable from capital markets funds |
$ | 25,904 | $ | 23,512 | ||
Due from private equity funds |
17,120 | 22,310 | ||||
Due from capital markets funds |
12,574 | 8,627 | ||||
Due from portfolio companies |
62,379 | 64,475 | ||||
Due from related party real estate management companies (1) |
| 5,500 | ||||
Due from Contributing Partners, employees and former employees |
12,134 | 17,918 | ||||
Other |
3,567 | 2,837 | ||||
Total Due From Affiliates |
$ | 133,678 | $ | 145,179 | ||
Due to Affiliates: |
||||||
Due to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners in connection with the tax receivable agreement |
$ | 514,044 | $ | 516,582 | ||
Due to Managing Partners |
764 | 966 | ||||
Due to private equity funds |
32,046 | 34,429 | ||||
Due to capital markets funds |
314 | 38,617 | ||||
Other |
1,425 | 428 | ||||
Total Due To Affiliates |
$ | 548,593 | $ | 591,022 | ||
(1) | Due from related party real estate management companies primarily represents expense allocations from the Company. |
Tax Receivable Agreement
Subject to certain restrictions, each of the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners has the right to exchange their vested AOG Units for the Companys Class A shares. Certain Apollo Operating Group entities have made an election under Section 754 of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code, as amended, which results in an adjustment to the tax basis of the assets owned by Apollo Operating Group at the time of the exchange. These exchanges will result in increases in tax deductions that will reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future. Additionally, the further acquisition of AOG Units from the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners also may result in increases in tax deductions and tax basis of assets that will further reduce the amount of tax that APO Corp. will otherwise be required to pay in the future.
APO Corp. entered into a tax receivable agreement with the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners that provides for the payment of 85% of the amount of cash savings, if any, in U.S. Federal, state, local and foreign income taxes that APO Corp. would realize, as defined in the agreement, as a result of the increases in tax basis of assets that resulted from the investment by the Strategic Investors. For purposes of the tax receivable agreement, cash savings in income tax will be computed by comparing the actual income tax liability of APO Corp. to the amount of such taxes that APO Corp. would have been required to pay had there been no increase to
F-108
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
the tax basis of the tangible and intangible assets of APO Corp. as a result of the exchanges and had APO Corp. not entered into the tax receivable agreement. These payments are expected to occur approximately over the next 20 years. As a result, a $520.3 million capital decrease and corresponding liability was recorded.
In December 2008, the Company made a cash payment to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners amounting to $3.7 million resulting from the tax savings from the tax receivable agreement for the 2007 tax year. In September 2009, the Company made a $9.1 million payment against the tax receivable agreement from proceeds distributed by the Apollo Operating Group. In December 2009, the Company increased the liability an additional $6.6 million, due to a change in the projected state tax rates, thus increasing future tax savings resulting from the tax receivable agreement.
Additionally, the Managing Partners have agreed to defer 25% of their Tax Receivable Agreement payments for the 2010 tax year for a period of four years.
Special Allocation
In December 2009, the AMH partnership agreement was amended to provide for special allocations of income to APO Corp. and a reduction of income allocated to Holdings for the 2009 and 2010 calendar years. The amendment allows for a maximum allocation of income from Holdings of approximately $22.1 million in 2009 and reduces the income allocation to Holdings from 71.5% to 0% in 2010. As a result, the Company has allocated $22.1 million of AMH income to APO Corp. in 2009 and will not allocate any AMH income or loss in 2010 to Holdings.
Due to Managing Partners
On July 13, 2007, the Company established a payable for the amount of undistributed earnings of the contributed businesses, as discussed in note 1 under Reorganization of the Company. On October 8, 2008, the Investment Advisory Board of Fund IV and V agreed to not sell a portfolio company to Fund VI. This decision caused the remaining payable to be reversed. The reversal caused approximately $11.6 million to be accounted for as an equity contribution from the Managing Partners.
Due from Portfolio Companies
Apollo is entitled to receive advisory and transaction fees related to the acquisition and disposition of portfolio companies as well as ongoing monitoring of structured vehicle entities and portfolio company operations. From time to time, the Company also pays expenses on behalf of portfolio companies of the funds that it manages. These expenses normally relate to third-party costs. These charges are billed to and collected from the portfolio companies on a periodic basis.
Due from Contributing Partners, Employees and Former Employees
The Company has accrued a receivable from Contributing Partners, employees and former employees for the potential return of carried interest income that would be due if the private equity funds were liquidated at the balance sheet date. Also see Due to Private Equity Funds.
F-109
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Transactions with the Funds
Private Equity Funds
The agreements entered into with the funds allow the Company to receive management fees, payable semi-annually in advance. During the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, these fees ranged from 0.65% to 1.5% per annum of the aggregate third-party capital commitments of the funds invested capital or assets under management as defined by the relevant management agreement with the exception of management fees received by Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P. Management fees are reduced pursuant to the limited partnership agreements of the funds by a percentage of advisory fees and transaction fees received by the Company, net of costs of unconsummated transactions. Percentages, formula calculations, underlying agreements and terms vary and are defined in each management agreement. See note 16 for discussion of revenues earned and expenses incurred for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Capital Markets Funds
The Company derives revenues from management fees and carried interest income. The management fees are calculated and payable based on gross or adjusted assets, capital commitments or the net asset value of the respective funds, as applicable. Management fee percentages generally vary from 0.75% to 2.0% per annum. Net asset value includes the value of investments of the fund, which are valued at fair value by the general partner, managing member or board of directors, as applicable, based on quoted market prices or independent market quotations obtained from recognized pricing services, market participants or other sources. See note 16 for discussion of revenues earned and expenses incurred for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007.
Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program
As part of the Management Fee Waiver and Notional Investment Program, the Company elected to receive, in lieu of cash payment for management fees, profits interests in the funds in the amounts of $19.7 million, $35.7 million and $49.0 million the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively. The Company has forgone a portion of management fee revenue it would have been entitled to receive in cash with respect to certain of the private equity funds it manages, and instead received profits interests in such funds and assigned these profits interests to employees and partners. The amount of management fees waived amounted to $19.7 million, $35.7 million and $27.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively. Compensation expense was $19.7 million, $35.4 million, and $21.6 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Prior to Reorganization, profits interests received from unconsolidated funds assigned to certain Managing Partners and Contributing Partners of the Company were treated as equity distributions. As a result, there was $27.4 million of profits interests received and accounted for as a distribution to Managing Partners and Contributing Partners during the year ended December 31, 2007.
During 2009 and 2008, the Company also paid $4.1 million and $0.7 million, respectively, to acquire additional ownership interests in Fund VI and Fund VII in connection with employees leaving the Company.
F-110
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Dividends/Distributions
The declaration, payment and determination of the amount of quarterly dividends are at the sole discretion of the Company.
On September 9, 2009, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $27.0 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement. We distributed $17.9 million to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their ownership of Holdings with the remaining $9.1 million being paid to APO Corp. to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
On January 8, 2009, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per Class A share, which was paid on January 15, 2009. Of the $16.9 million aggregate distribution from the Apollo Operating Group, the Company received $4.9 million, and the remaining $12.0 million was paid to Holdings related to the tax year ended December 31, 2008. The Company also accrued $0.3 million for distribution equivalents on vested RSUs, which were paid in January 2010.
During December 2008, the Apollo Operating Group made a total distribution of $18.1 million to APO Corp. and Holdings, in accordance with their pro rata interests, to satisfy the liability under the tax receivable agreement for a portion of the tax savings APO Corp. realized as result of the acquisition of AOG Units from the Managing Partners and the Contributing Partners. We distributed $14.4 million to the Managing Partners and Contributing Partners through their ownership of Holdings, with the remaining $3.7 million being paid to APO Corp. to pay its liability under the tax receivable agreement.
The Company accrued $0.4 million in distribution equivalents during the third quarter of 2008, which related to unvested RSUs granted to employees that are subject to accelerated vesting conditions in respect of distributions in accordance with the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. These amounts were paid in January 2009.
On July 15, 2008, the Company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.23 per Class A share, which included a second quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.07 per Class A share that primarily related to realizations from (i) portfolio companies, (ii) dividend income from a portfolio company, and (iii) interest income related to debt investments. This $77.6 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $22.4 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed on July 25, 2008, to its Class A shareholders of record on July 18, 2008, and the remaining $55.2 million was paid to Holdings.
On April 4, 2008, the Company declared a cash distribution amounting to $0.33 per Class A share, which included a first quarter 2008 quarterly distribution of $0.16 per Class A share plus a special distribution of $0.17 per Class A share that primarily related to the realization of a fund portfolio company in February 2008. The $111.3 million aggregate distribution was paid to the owners of the Apollo Operating Group. Of this amount, $32.2 million was received by Apollo Global Management, LLC and distributed to its Class A shareholders of record on April 18, 2008, and the remaining $79.1 million was paid to Holdings.
The dividends declared in 2009 and 2008 are returns of amounts paid in by our Class A shareholders. All cash distributions paid to our Class A shareholders in 2009 and 2008 have been charged against additional paid in capital.
F-111
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Due to Private Equity Funds
On June 30, 2008, the Company entered into a credit agreement with Fund VI, pursuant to which Fund VI advanced $18.9 million of carried interest income to the limited partners of Apollo Advisors VI, L.P., who are also employees of the Company. The $18.9 million was otherwise distributable to the Company based on the respective partnership agreement between the Company and Fund VI. The $18.9 million loan accrues interest at an annual fixed rate of 3.45% and terminates on the earlier of June 30, 2017 or the termination of Fund VI. As of December 31, 2009, there was accrued interest of $1.0 million on the loan for a total outstanding loan balance of $19.9 million, of which approximately $6.3 million was a receivable from Contributing Partners and employees.
Assuming Fund VI liquidated on the balance sheet date, the Company has also accrued a liability to Fund VI of $13.1 million in association with the potential general partner obligation to return carried interest income that was previously distributed from Fund VI. Of this amount, approximately $3.5 million was a receivable from Contributing Partners and employees of the Company. The total liability to Fund VI is $33.0 million including the outstanding loan balance above, of which $9.8 million in total was a receivable from Contributing Partners and employees of the Company as of December 31, 2009.
Indemnity
Carried interest income from our funds can be distributed to us on a current basis, but is subject to repayment by the subsidiary of the Apollo Operating Group that acts as general partner of the fund in the event that certain specified return thresholds are not ultimately achieved. The Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain other investment professionals have personally guaranteed, subject to certain limitations, the obligation of these subsidiaries in respect of this general partner obligation. Such guarantees are several and not joint and are limited to a particular Managing Partners or Contributing Partners distributions. An existing shareholders agreement includes clauses that indemnify each of our Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners against all amounts that they pay pursuant to any of these personal guarantees in favor of our funds (including costs and expenses related to investigating the basis for or objecting to any claims made in respect of the guarantees) for all interests that our Managing Partners and Contributing Partners have contributed or sold to the Apollo Operating Group.
Accordingly, in the event that our Managing Partners, Contributing Partners and certain investment professionals are required to pay amounts in connection with a general partner obligation for the return of previously made distributions, we will be obligated to reimburse our Managing Partners and certain Contributing Partners for the indemnifiable percentage of amounts that they are required to pay even though we did not receive the certain distribution to which that general partner obligation related. As of December 31, 2009, the Company has indemnified $23.2 million of such distributions related to Fund VI, which is included in the above accrued liability of $33.0 million due to Fund VI.
Litigation Settlement
On December 29, 2008, pursuant to the terms of a settlement agreement, the Company and certain of its affiliates paid Huntsman Corporation (Huntsman) $425 million. Of this amount, Apollo Management VI, L.P. paid $200 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities: Apollo Management, L.P.; Apollo Global Management, LLC; Apollo Management IV, L.P.; Apollo Advisors IV, L.P.; Apollo Management V, L.P.; and Apollo Advisors V, L.P. As a result, a $200 million litigation settlement is included within the Companys
F-112
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2008. The remaining portion of the settlement was paid to Huntsman by Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., a portfolio company that is outside of the Companys consolidated structure and therefore not included in the Companys financial statements. Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc. paid Huntsman $225 million on behalf of itself and the following Apollo entities comprising Apollo Funds IV and V: Apollo Investment Fund IV, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners IV, L.P.; Apollo Investment Fund V, L.P.; Apollo Overseas Partners V, L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(A), L.P.; Apollo Netherlands Partners V(B), L.P.; and Apollo German Partners V GmbH & Co. KG. The impact of this $225 million payment resulted in a decrease of approximately $31 million of carried interest income allocated to the general partner of Fund V. The $425 million payment was in settlement of Huntsmans defamation claim against all of the foregoing entities. The Company subsequently received insurance proceeds of $37.5 million from an insurance policy that covers litigation matters. The $37.5 million was included in other income (loss) within the Companys consolidated and combined statements of operations for the year ended December 31, 2009. There are no pending actions involving the Company or any of its subsidiaries in connection with the Hexion/Huntsman transaction.
Underwriting Fee Paid for ACREF
The Company incurred $8.0 million in underwriting expenses for the benefit of ACREF, which are contingently returnable to the Company if during any period of four consecutive calendar quarters during the sixteen full calendar quarters after the consummation of ACREFs initial public offering on September 29, 2009, their core earnings, as defined in the corresponding management agreement, for any such four-quarter period exceeds an 8% performance hurdle rate.
14. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Financial Guarantees Apollo has provided financial guarantees on behalf of certain employees for the benefit of unrelated third-party lenders, in connection with their capital commitment to funds managed by Apollo. As of December 31, 2009, the maximum exposure relating to these financial guarantees approximated $5.2 million. Apollo has historically not incurred any liabilities as a result of these agreements and does not expect to in the future. Accordingly, no liability has been recorded in the accompanying consolidated and combined financial statements.
As the general partner of Apollo/Artus Investor 2007-I L.P. (Artus), the Company may be obligated for losses in excess of those allocable to the limited partners to the extent that there is negative equity in that fund. As of December 31, 2009, the maximum exposure to the Company relating to the negative basis was approximately $72.8 million after assuming the fair value of its investments were marked down to zero. Management views the possibility of this occurrence as remote, and as of December 31, 2009, the Company has no obligations to Artus. During the year ended December 31, 2009, the Company also recognized income of $38.4 million from the reversal of a general partner obligation, which is included in net gains (losses) from investment activities in the consolidated and combined statements of operations.
Investment Commitments As a limited partner, the general partner and manager of Apollos private equity and capital markets funds, Apollo has unfunded capital commitments at December 31, 2009 and 2008 of $201.3 million and $175.7 million, respectively.
Apollo has an ongoing obligation to acquire additional common units of AAA, on a quarterly basis, in an amount equal to 25% of the aggregate after-tax cash distributions, if any, that are made to its affiliates pursuant to the carried interests distribution rights that are applicable to investments made through AAA Investments, L.P.
F-113
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
Debt Covenants Apollos debt obligations contain various customary loan covenants. As of December 31, 2009, the Company was not aware of any instances of noncompliance with any of these covenants.
Litigation and Contingencies We are, from time to time, party to various legal actions arising in the ordinary course of business, including claims and litigation, reviews, investigations and proceedings by governmental and self-regulatory agencies regarding our business. Although the ultimate outcome of these matters cannot be ascertained at this time, we are of the opinion, after consultation with counsel, that the resolution of any such matters to which we are a party at this time will not have a material adverse effect on our financial statements. Legal actions material to us could, however, arise in the future.
On or about March 21, 2009, an entity known as LLDVF, L.P., which alleges that it is an investor in certain notes with a face amount of $43,500,000 issued by Linens n Things, Inc. (Linens), commenced an action in the United States District Court for the District of New Jersey against, inter alia, Apollo Management V, L.P., two Apollo partners, certain Apollo investment entities relating to the Linens transaction, certain current and former officers and directors of Linens, and certain other investors in Linens, alleging violations of the Federal securities laws and the making of negligent misrepresentations respecting the financial condition and future prospects of Linens from at least March 27, 2007 until May 2, 2008, the date on which Linens filed for bankruptcy protection under Chapter 11 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. On July 10, 2009, the plaintiff effectuated service of the summons and complaint on the defendants. As stipulated by the parties and ordered by the Court, on September 23, 2009, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint, which asserted the same causes of action as alleged in the original complaint. The defendants moved to dismiss the amended complaint on November 23, 2009, and briefing by the parties on those motions has not been completed. In any event, the Apollo-related defendants deny the material allegations of the complaint and will contest this case vigorously. The Company does not believe that a loss from liability in this case is either probable or reasonably estimable. Defendants have pending motions to dismiss the action and believe the plaintiffs allegations lack factual and legal merit. In any event, the lawsuit is in its preliminary stages, no discovery has been taken and the Court has not heard arguments or ruled on the defendants pending motions to dismiss. As a result, no estimate of possible loss, if any, can be made.
Certain of Apollos affiliates have received subpoenas from various government regulatory agencies and requests for information from certain Apollo investors seeking information regarding the use of placement agents. We are cooperating with such requests. CalPERS, one of our Strategic Investors, announced on October 14, 2009 that it has initiated a special review of the fees paid by its external managers to placement agents and their related activities. We are cooperating with the special review. It is not possible to predict the outcome or duration of government investigations related to placement agents or the special review. We believe that we have handled our placement agent relationships in an appropriate manner.
Commitments Apollo leases office space and certain office equipment under various lease and sublease arrangements, which expire on various dates through 2022. As these leases expire, it can be expected that in the normal course of business they will be renewed or replaced. Certain lease agreements contain renewal options, rent escalation provisions based on certain costs incurred by the landlord or other inducements provided by the landlord. Rent expense is accrued to recognize lease escalation provisions and inducements provided by the landlord, if any, on a straight-line basis over the lease term and renewal periods where applicable. Apollo has
F-114
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
entered into various operating lease service agreements in respect of certain assets. As of December 31, 2009, the approximate aggregate minimum future payments required on the operating leases were as follows:
2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | Thereafter | Total | |||||||||||||||
Aggregate minimum future payments |
$ | 23,151 | $ | 22,364 | $ | 22,246 | $ | 21,746 | $ | 21,233 | $ | 49,680 | $ | 160,420 |
Expenses related to non-cancellable contractual obligations for premises, equipment, auto and other assets was $35.1 million, $31.0 million and $13.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007, respectively.
Contingent Obligations Carried interest income in both private equity funds and certain capital markets funds is subject to reversal in the event of future losses to the extent of the cumulative carried interest recognized in income to date. If all of the existing investments were liquidated at zero values, the amounts of cumulative revenues that have been recognized by Apollo through December 31, 2009 that would be reversed approximates $787.8 million. Management views the possibility of liquidating all existing investments at zero values as remote. Carried interest is affected by changes in the fair values of the underlying investments in the funds that we manage. Valuations, on an unrealized basis, can be significantly affected by a variety of external factors such as bond yields and industry trading multiples. Movements in these items can affect valuations quarter to quarter even if the underlying business fundamentals remain stable.
The table below indicates the maximum potential future reversal of carried interest income.
As
of
December 31, 2009 |
|||
Fund V |
$ | 406,455 | |
Fund VII |
177,578 | ||
Fund IV |
95,547 | ||
COF I |
70,093 | ||
COF II |
38,155 | ||
Total |
$ | 787,828 | |
For certain capital markets funds, the carried interest income is subject to repayment prior to year-end. Once the year is completed, any carried interest income paid during the year to the general partner is not subject to repayment in subsequent periods.
Additionally, at the end of the life of a fund there could be a payment due to the fund by the Company if it received as general partner more carried interest income than was ultimately earned. The current estimate of the general partner obligation for carried interest income previously distributed at December 31, 2009 is $13.1 million, as discussed in Due to Private Equity Funds in note 13. The general partner obligation amount, if any, will depend on the final realized values of investments at the end of the funds life.
Certain private equity and capital markets funds are not generating carried interest income due to unrealized and realized losses in the current and prior reporting periods. In certain cases, carried interest income will not be generated until additional unrealized and realized gains occur. Any appreciation would first cover the deductions for invested capital, unreturned organizational expenses, operating expenses, management fees and priority returns based on the terms of the respective fund agreements.
F-115
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
15. MARKET AND CREDIT RISK
In the normal course of business, Apollo encounters market and credit risk concentrations. Market risk reflects changes in the value of investments due to changes in interest rates, credit spreads or other market factors. Credit risk includes the risk of default on Apollos investments, where the counterparty is unable or unwilling to make required or expected payments.
Apollos derivative financial instruments contain credit risk to the extent that its counterparties may be unable to meet the terms of the agreements. Apollo seeks to minimize this risk by limiting its counterparties to highly rated major financial institutions with good credit ratings. Management does not expect any material losses as a result of default by other parties.
Apollo is exposed to economic risk concentrations insofar as Apollo is dependent on the ability of the funds to compensate them for the services that it provides to these funds. Further, the incentive income component of this compensation is based on the ability of the funds to generate returns above certain specified thresholds.
Additionally, Apollo is exposed to interest rate risk. Apollo has debt obligations which have variable rates. Interest rate changes may therefore affect the amount of interest payments, future earnings and cash flows. At December 31, 2009 and 2008, $933.8 million and $1,026.0 million of Apollos debt balance had a variable interest, respectively. However $600.0 million of the debt has been effectively converted to a fixed rate using interest rate swaps as discussed in note 8. Substantially all amounts on deposit with major financial institutions that exceed insured limits are invested in interest-bearing accounts.
16. SEGMENT REPORTING
Apollo conducts its management and incentive businesses primarily in the United States and substantially all of its revenues are generated domestically. These businesses are conducted through the following three reportable segments:
|
Private equity primarily invests in control equity and related debt instruments, convertible securities and distressed debt investments; |
|
Capital markets primarily invests in non-control debt and non-control equity investments, including distressed debt instruments; and |
|
Real estate we recently organized a commercial real estate finance company and launched a vehicle to invest principally in legacy commercial mortgage-backed securities. We may seek to sponsor additional real estate funds that focus on opportunistic investments in distressed debt and equity recapitalization transactions. |
These business segments are differentiated based on the varying investment strategies. The performance is measured by management on an unconsolidated basis because management makes operating decisions and assesses the performance of each of Apollos business segments based on financial and operating metrics and data that excludes the effects of consolidation of any of the affiliated funds.
Our financial results vary, since carried interest, which generally constitutes a large portion of the income from the funds that we manage, as well as the transaction and advisory fees that we receive, can vary significantly from quarter to quarter and year to year. As a result, we emphasize long-term financial growth and profitability to manage our business.
F-116
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present the financial data for the Companys reportable segments further separated between the management and incentive business as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 and for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008 and 2007, respectively, which we believe is useful to the reader. In our management business we have fairly stable revenue and expenses, while our incentive business is more event driven and can have significant fluctuations as it reflects the variable financial portion of our business. The financial results of the management entities, as reflected in the management business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include management fee revenues, advisory and transaction fees and expenses exclusive of profit sharing expense. The financial results of the advisory entities, as reflected in the incentive business sections of the segment tables that follow, generally include carried interest income and profit sharing expenses.
Economic Net Income (Loss)
Economic Net Income (ENI) is a key performance measure used by management in evaluating the performance of Apollos private equity, capital markets and real estate segments, as the amount of management fees, advisory and transaction fees and carried interest income are indicative of the Companys performance. Management also uses ENI in making key operating decisions such as the following:
|
Decisions related to the allocation of resources such as staffing decisions including hiring and locations for deployment of the new hires; |
|
Decisions related to capital deployment such as providing capital to facilitate growth for the business and/or to facilitate expansion into new businesses; and |
|
Decisions related to compensation expense, such as determining annual discretionary bonuses to its employees. As it relates to compensation, the philosophy has been and remains to better align the interests of certain professionals and selected other individuals who have a profit sharing interest in the carried interest earned in relation to the funds with those of the investors in the funds and those of the Companys shareholders. To achieve that objective, a certain amount of compensation is based on the Companys performance and growth for the year. |
ENI is a measure of profitability and has certain limitations in that it does not take into account certain items included under U.S. GAAP. ENI represents segment income (loss) attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC, which excludes the impact of non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation, income taxes and Non-Controlling Interests. In addition, segment data excludes the assets, liabilities and operating results of the Apollo funds that are included in the consolidated and combined financial statements. Certain amounts in 2008 and 2007 have been reclassified to conform with the 2009 presentation.
F-117
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present the financial data for Apollos reportable segments, as of December 31, 2009 and 2008 for the years ended December 31, 2009, 2008, and 2007 respectively:
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | 7,433 | $ | | $ | 56,075 | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | 144,578 | 1,201 | 406,257 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
310,871 | 193,525 | | 504,396 | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
619,991 | 345,536 | 1,201 | 966,728 | |||||||||
Expenses |
361,327 | 218,234 | 24,540 | 604,101 | |||||||||
Other Income |
113,924 | 104,171 | 300 | 218,395 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 372,588 | $ | 231,473 | $ | (23,039 | ) | $ | 581,022 | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,062,043 | $ | 981,390 | $ | 13,852 | $ | 2,057,285 | |||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated and combined financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2009:
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Consolidated
and Combined |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 966,728 | $ | | $ | 966,728 | ||||||
Expenses |
604,101 | 1,102,404 | (1) | 1,706,505 | ||||||||
Other income |
218,395 | 454,706 | (2) | 673,101 | ||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 581,022 | (3) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 2,057,285 | $ | 1,327,912 | (4) | $ | 3,385,197 | |||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of AAA and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 471,873 | ||
Loss from equity method investments |
(17,167 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 454,706 | ||
F-118
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the consolidated and combined statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2009 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 581,022 | ||
Income tax provision |
(28,714 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(7,818 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
400,440 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(1,100,106 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (155,176 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of AAA and Commodities Trading Fund. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the year ended December 31, 2009:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | |||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | |||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 48,642 | $ | | $ | 48,642 | $ | 7,433 | $ | | $ | 7,433 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
260,478 | | 260,478 | 144,578 | | 144,578 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 262,890 | 262,890 | | 120,126 | 120,126 | ||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | 50,404 | 22,995 | 73,399 | ||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 47,981 | 47,981 | | | | ||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
309,120 | 310,871 | 619,991 | 202,415 | 143,121 | 345,536 | ||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
127,751 | 124,048 | 251,799 | 88,686 | 43,500 | 132,186 | ||||||||||||
Other expenses |
109,528 | | 109,528 | 86,048 | | 86,048 | ||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
237,279 | 124,048 | 361,327 | 174,734 | 43,500 | 218,234 | ||||||||||||
Other Income |
58,701 | 55,223 | 113,924 | 19,309 | 84,862 | 104,171 | ||||||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 130,542 | $ | 242,046 | $ | 372,588 | $ | 46,990 | $ | 184,483 | $ | 231,473 | ||||||
F-119
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2009 | ||||||||||||
Real Estate | ||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | ||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
1,201 | | 1,201 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | |||||||||
Total Revenues |
1,201 | | 1,201 | |||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
10,919 | | 10,919 | |||||||||
Other expenses |
13,621 | | 13,621 | |||||||||
Total Expenses |
24,540 | | 24,540 | |||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
1,043 | (743 | ) | 300 | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (22,296 | ) | $ | (743 | ) | $ | (23,039 | ) | |||
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Real
Estate Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
|||||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 145,181 | ||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | 139,779 | | 384,247 | ||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates |
(844,579 | ) | 48,446 | | (796,133 | ) | ||||||||||
Total Revenues |
(479,298 | ) | 212,593 | | (266,705 | ) | ||||||||||
Expenses |
13,040 | 199,747 | 6,003 | 218,790 | ||||||||||||
Other Loss |
(61,971 | ) | (63,484 | ) | | (125,455 | ) | |||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (554,309 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | $ | (6,003 | ) | $ | (610,950 | ) | ||||
Total Assets |
$ | 809,200 | $ | 838,700 | $ | 8 | $ | 1,647,908 | ||||||||
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated and combined financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008:
As of and for the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments and Other |
Consolidated
and Combined |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | (266,705 | ) | $ | | $ | (266,705 | ) | ||||
Expenses |
218,790 | 1,129,979 | (1) | 1,348,769 | ||||||||
Other loss |
(125,455 | ) | (1,186,239 | ) (2) | (1,311,694 | ) | ||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (610,950 | ) (3) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
Total Assets |
$ | 1,647,908 | $ | 826,624 | (4) | $ | 2,474,532 | |||||
(1) | Represents the addition of expenses of AAA and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
F-120
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(2) | Results from the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
||||
Net losses from investment activities |
$ | (1,230,656 | ) | |
Income from equity method investments |
44,417 | |||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | (1,186,239 | ) | |
(3) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Loss to Net Loss reported in the consolidated and combined statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2008 |
||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (610,950 | ) | |
Income tax benefit |
36,995 | |||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(14,918 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
801,799 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(1,125,184 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (912,258 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
(4) | Represents the addition of assets of AAA. |
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the year ended December 31, 2008:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 120,813 | $ | | $ | 120,813 | $ | 24,368 | $ | | $ | 24,368 | |||||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
244,468 | | 244,468 | 139,779 | | 139,779 | |||||||||||||||||
Carried interest (loss) income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized losses |
| (1,206,060 | ) | (1,206,060 | ) | | (5,240 | ) | (5,240 | ) | |||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | 49,829 | 3,857 | 53,686 | |||||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 361,481 | 361,481 | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
365,281 | (844,579 | ) | (479,298 | ) | 213,976 | (1,383 | ) | 212,593 | ||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
118,889 | (482,682 | ) | (363,793 | ) | 77,530 | | 77,530 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
376,833 | | 376,833 | 122,217 | | 122,217 | |||||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
495,722 | (482,682 | ) | 13,040 | 199,747 | | 199,747 | ||||||||||||||||
Other Income (Loss) |
5,081 | (67,052 | ) | (61,971 | ) | 9,678 | (73,162 | ) | (63,484 | ) | |||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (125,360 | ) | $ | (428,949 | ) | $ | (554,309 | ) | $ | 23,907 | $ | (74,545 | ) | $ | (50,638 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $49.8 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $9.0 million during 2008 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
F-121
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
For the Year Ended December 31, 2008 | |||||||||||
Real Estate | |||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | |||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | | $ | | $ | | |||||
Management fees from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
| | | ||||||||
Total Revenues |
| | | ||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
4,679 | | 4,679 | ||||||||
Other expenses |
1,324 | | 1,324 | ||||||||
Total Expenses |
6,003 | | 6,003 | ||||||||
Other Income |
| | | ||||||||
Economic Net Loss |
$ | (6,003 | ) | $ | | $ | (6,003 | ) | |||
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Private
Equity Segment |
Capital
Markets Segment |
Total
Reportable Segments |
||||||||||
Revenues: |
||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 90,408 | $ | 194 | $ | 90,602 | ||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
149,180 | 100,244 | 249,424 | |||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates |
656,901 | 80,186 | 737,087 | |||||||||
Total Revenue |
896,489 | 180,624 | 1,077,113 | |||||||||
Expenses |
679,917 | (1) | 276,227 | (1) | 956,144 | (1) | ||||||
Other Income |
27,500 | 4,377 | 31,877 | |||||||||
Economic Net Income (Loss) |
$ | 244,072 | $ | (91,226 | ) | $ | 152,846 | |||||
(1) | Includes expenses related to beneficial conversion feature relating to Strategic Investor debt conversion, placement fees and transaction costs. |
The following table reconciles the Total Reportable Segments to Apollo Global Management, LLCs consolidated and combined financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007.
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||||||||||
Total
Reportable Segments |
Consolidation
Adjustments |
Consolidated
and Combined |
||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 1,077,113 | $ | (439,263 | ) (2) | $ | 637,850 | |||||
Expenses |
956,144 | 1,006,583 | (3) | 1,962,727 | ||||||||
Other Income |
31,877 | 2,540,181 | (4) | 2,572,058 | ||||||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 152,846 | (5) | N/A | N/A | |||||||
(2) | Revenues consist of: (i) addition of funds share of transaction and advisory fees, (ii) elimination of management fee income earned from funds, and (iii) elimination of carried interest income earned from funds. |
F-122
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
(3) | Represents the addition of expenses of the funds and expenses related to equity-based compensation. |
(4) | Results from the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||
Net gains from investment activities |
$ | 2,279,336 | ||
Dividend income from affiliates |
238,058 | |||
Interest income |
33,079 | |||
Loss from equity method investments |
(10,292 | ) | ||
Total Consolidation Adjustments |
$ | 2,540,181 | ||
(5) | The reconciliation of Economic Net Income to Net Loss reported in the consolidated and combined statements of operations consists of the following: |
For the Year Ended
December 31, 2007 |
||||
Economic Net Income |
$ | 152,846 | ||
Income tax provision |
(6,726 | ) | ||
Net income attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in consolidated entities* |
(4,471 | ) | ||
Net loss attributable to Non-Controlling Interests in Apollo Operating Group |
278,549 | |||
Non-cash charges related to equity-based compensation |
(989,849 | ) | ||
Net Loss Attributable to Apollo Global Management, LLC |
$ | (569,651 | ) | |
* | Excludes Non-Controlling Interests attributable to AAA. |
F-123
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(dollars in thousands, except share data)
(continued)
The following tables present additional financial data for Apollos reportable segments for the year ended December 31, 2007:
For the Year Ended December 31, 2007 | For the Year Ended December 31, 2007 | ||||||||||||||||||||
Private Equity | Capital Markets | ||||||||||||||||||||
Management | Incentive | Total | Management (1) | Incentive (1) | Total | ||||||||||||||||
Revenues: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Advisory and transaction fees from affiliates |
$ | 90,408 | $ | | $ | 90,408 | $ | 194 | $ | | $ | 194 | |||||||||
Management fees from affiliates |
149,180 | | 149,180 | 100,244 | | 100,244 | |||||||||||||||
Carried interest income from affiliates: |
|||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gains |
| 387,906 | 387,906 | | 5,216 | 5,216 | |||||||||||||||
Interest income |
| | | 51,532 | 23,438 | 74,970 | |||||||||||||||
Realized gains |
| 268,995 | 268,995 | | | | |||||||||||||||
Total Revenues |
239,588 | 656,901 | 896,489 | 151,970 | 28,654 | 180,624 | |||||||||||||||
Compensation and benefits |
70,226 | 307,739 | 377,965 | 79,327 | 3,189 | 82,516 | |||||||||||||||
Other expenses |
301,952 | | 301,952 | 193,711 | | 193,711 | |||||||||||||||
Total Expenses |
372,178 | 307,739 | 679,917 | 273,038 | 3,189 | 276,227 | |||||||||||||||
Other Income |
16,836 | 10,664 | 27,500 | 3,027 | 1,350 | 4,377 | |||||||||||||||
Economic Net (Loss) Income |
$ | (115,754 | ) | $ | 359,826 | $ | 244,072 | $ | (118,041 | ) | $ | 26,815 | $ | (91,226 | ) | ||||||
(1) | Carried interest income earned from AIC of $51.5 million and related incentive fee compensation expense of $10.3 million during 2007 have been reclassified to the management business from the incentive business to conform with the 2009 presentation. |
17. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
Approximately 6.7 million RSUs were granted to the Companys employees during the first quarter of 2010.
F-124
AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED LIABILITY COMPANY AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
DATED AS OF JULY 13, 2007
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||||
ARTICLE I |
DEFINITIONS |
A-1 | ||||
Section 1.1 |
Definitions |
A-1 | ||||
Section 1.2 |
Interpretation |
A-10 | ||||
ARTICLE II |
ORGANIZATION |
A-11 | ||||
Section 2.1 |
Formation |
A-11 | ||||
Section 2.2 |
Certificate of Formation |
A-11 | ||||
Section 2.3 |
Name |
A-12 | ||||
Section 2.4 |
Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices |
A-12 | ||||
Section 2.5 |
Purposes |
A-12 | ||||
Section 2.6 |
Powers |
A-12 | ||||
Section 2.7 |
Power of Attorney |
A-12 | ||||
Section 2.8 |
Term |
A-13 | ||||
Section 2.9 |
Title to Company Assets |
A-13 | ||||
ARTICLE III |
MEMBERS AND SHARES |
A-14 | ||||
Section 3.1 |
Members |
A-14 | ||||
Section 3.2 |
Authorization to Issue Shares |
A-14 | ||||
Section 3.3 |
Certificates |
A-15 | ||||
Section 3.4 |
Record Holders |
A-16 | ||||
Section 3.5 |
Registration and Transfer of Shares |
A-16 | ||||
Section 3.6 |
Restrictions on Transfers |
A-17 | ||||
Section 3.7 |
Citizenship Certificates; Non-citizen Assignees |
A-18 | ||||
Section 3.8 |
Redemption of Shares of Non-citizen Assignees |
A-18 | ||||
Section 3.9 |
Rights of Members |
A-19 | ||||
Section 3.10 |
ERISA Ownership Limitations |
A-20 | ||||
ARTICLE IV |
SPLITS AND COMBINATIONS |
A-22 | ||||
Section 4.1 |
Splits and Combinations |
A-22 | ||||
ARTICLE V |
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; ALLOCATIONS OF TAX ITEMS; DISTRIBUTIONS |
A-22 | ||||
Section 5.1 |
Maintenance of Capital Accounts; Allocations |
A-22 | ||||
Section 5.2 |
Distributions to Record Holders |
A-23 | ||||
ARTICLE VI |
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF BUSINESS |
A-24 | ||||
Section 6.1 |
Management |
A-24 | ||||
Section 6.2 |
Restrictions on Managers Authority |
A-26 | ||||
Section 6.3 |
Resignation of the Manager |
A-26 | ||||
Section 6.4 |
Board Generally |
A-26 | ||||
Section 6.5 |
Election of Directors |
A-27 | ||||
Section 6.6 |
Removal |
A-27 |
A-i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||||||
Section 6.7 |
Resignations |
A-27 | ||||
Section 6.8 |
Vacancies |
A-27 | ||||
Section 6.9 |
Chairman of Meetings |
A-27 | ||||
Section 6.10 |
Place of Meetings |
A-27 | ||||
Section 6.11 |
Special Meetings; Notice |
A-28 | ||||
Section 6.12 |
Action Without Meeting |
A-28 | ||||
Section 6.13 |
Conference Telephone Meetings |
A-28 | ||||
Section 6.14 |
Quorum |
A-28 | ||||
Section 6.15 |
Committees |
A-28 | ||||
Section 6.16 |
Remuneration |
A-28 | ||||
Section 6.17 |
Reimbursement of the Manager |
A-29 | ||||
Section 6.18 |
Outside Activities |
A-29 | ||||
Section 6.19 |
Loans from the Manager; Loans or Contributions from the Company; Contracts with Affiliates; Certain Restrictions on the Manager |
A-30 | ||||
Section 6.20 |
Indemnification |
A-31 | ||||
Section 6.21 |
Liability of Indemnified Persons |
A-33 | ||||
Section 6.22 |
Resolution of Conflicts of Interest; Standards of Conduct and Modification of Duties |
A-33 | ||||
Section 6.23 |
Other Matters Concerning the Manager |
A-34 | ||||
Section 6.24 |
Reliance by Third Parties |
A-34 | ||||
ARTICLE VII |
BOOKS; RECORDS; ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS |
A-35 | ||||
Section 7.1 |
Records and Accounting |
A-35 | ||||
Section 7.2 |
Fiscal Year |
A-35 | ||||
Section 7.3 |
Reports |
A-35 | ||||
ARTICLE VIII |
TAX MATTERS |
A-36 | ||||
Section 8.1 |
Tax Returns and Information |
A-36 | ||||
Section 8.2 |
Tax Elections |
A-36 | ||||
Section 8.3 |
Tax Controversies |
A-36 | ||||
Section 8.4 |
Withholding |
A-36 | ||||
Section 8.5 |
Class B Common Shares |
A-36 | ||||
Section 8.6 |
Tax Receivable Agreement |
A-36 | ||||
ARTICLE IX |
DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION |
A-37 | ||||
Section 9.1 |
Dissolution |
A-37 | ||||
Section 9.2 |
Liquidator |
A-37 | ||||
Section 9.3 |
Liquidation |
A-37 | ||||
Section 9.4 |
Cancellation of Certificate of Formation |
A-38 | ||||
Section 9.5 |
Return of Contributions |
A-38 |
A-ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(continued)
Page | ||||||
Section 9.6 |
Waiver of Partition |
A-38 | ||||
ARTICLE X |
AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT |
A-38 | ||||
Section 10.1 |
Amendments to be Adopted Solely by the Manager |
A-38 | ||||
Section 10.2 |
Amendment Procedures |
A-39 | ||||
Section 10.3 |
Amendment Requirements |
A-40 | ||||
ARTICLE XI |
MERGER, CONSOLIDATION OR CONVERSION |
A-40 | ||||
Section 11.1 |
Authority |
A-40 | ||||
Section 11.2 |
Procedure for Merger, Consolidation or Conversion |
A-40 | ||||
Section 11.3 |
Approval by Members of Merger, Consolidation or Conversion or Sales of Substantially All of the Companys Assets |
A-41 | ||||
Section 11.4 |
Certificate of Merger or Conversion |
A-42 | ||||
Section 11.5 |
Amendment of Agreement |
A-42 | ||||
Section 11.6 |
Effect of Merger |
A-42 | ||||
Section 11.7 |
Corporate Treatment; Change of Law |
A-43 | ||||
ARTICLE XII |
MEMBER MEETINGS |
A-43 | ||||
Section 12.1 |
Member Meetings |
A-43 | ||||
Section 12.2 |
Notice of Meetings of Members |
A-44 | ||||
Section 12.3 |
Record Date |
A-44 | ||||
Section 12.4 |
Quorum: Required Vote for Member Action; Voting for Directors; Adjournment |
A-44 | ||||
Section 12.5 |
Conduct of a Meeting; Member Lists |
A-45 | ||||
Section 12.6 |
Action Without a Meeting |
A-45 | ||||
Section 12.7 |
Voting and Other Rights |
A-45 | ||||
Section 12.8 |
Proxies and Voting |
A-46 | ||||
ARTICLE XIII |
GENERAL PROVISIONS |
A-47 | ||||
Section 13.1 |
Addresses and Notices |
A-47 | ||||
Section 13.2 |
Further Assurances |
A-47 | ||||
Section 13.3 |
Binding Effect |
A-47 | ||||
Section 13.4 |
Integration |
A-47 | ||||
Section 13.5 |
Creditors |
A-48 | ||||
Section 13.6 |
Waiver |
A-48 | ||||
Section 13.7 |
Counterparts |
A-48 | ||||
Section 13.8 |
Applicable Law |
A-48 | ||||
Section 13.9 |
Severability |
A-48 | ||||
Section 13.10 |
Consent of Members |
A-48 | ||||
Section 13.11 |
Facsimile Signatures |
A-48 |
A-iii
This Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 (as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, this Agreement ), of Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Company ), is made and entered into and shall be effective as of this 13th day of July, 2007, by and among the Members (as defined below), AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Manager ), and the Company.
WHEREAS , the Company was formed under the Delaware Act pursuant to a certificate of formation filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on July 3, 2007;
WHEREAS , the Company and certain Members originally entered into a Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement, dated as of July 3, 2007 (the Original Agreement ), for the purpose of governing the affairs of, and the conduct of the business of, a limited liability company formed pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act;
WHEREAS, the parties hereto are entering into this Agreement to amend and restate the Original Agreement in its entirety as set forth herein and the Manager has authorized and approved an amendment and restatement of the Original Agreement on the terms set forth herein.
NOW , THEREFORE , the parties hereto, in consideration of the mutual covenants and undertakings contained herein and for good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the parties agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.1 Definitions .
The following definitions shall be for all purposes, unless otherwise clearly indicated to the contrary, applied to the terms used in this Agreement.
Affiliate of any Person means any other Person that, directly or indirectly, through one or more intermediaries, controls, or is controlled by, or is under common control with, such first Person. Except as expressly stated otherwise in this Agreement, the term Affiliate with respect to the Company does not include at any time any Fund or Portfolio Company.
Aggregate Class B Vote has the meaning set forth in Section 12.7(e) .
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement.
Agreement Among Principals means the Agreement Among Principals, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Principals, Black Family Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, MJR Foundation LLC, a New York limited liability company, BRH and Holdings, as may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Apollo Employer means the Company (or such successor thereto or such other entity controlled by the Company or its successor as may be such Persons employer at such time, but does not include any Portfolio Companies).
Apollo Group means (i) the Manager and its Affiliates, including their respective general partners, members and limited partners, (ii) Holdings and its Affiliates, including their respective general partners,
A-1
members and limited partners, (iii) with respect to each Principal, such Principal and such Principals Group, (iv) any former or current investment professional of or other employee of an Apollo Employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and any member of such Persons Group, (v) any former or current executive officer of an Apollo Employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and any member of such Persons Group; and (vi) any former or current director of an Apollo Employer or the Apollo Operating Group (or such other entity controlled by a member of the Apollo Operating Group) and any member of such Persons Group.
Apollo Operating Group means (i) Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed by the Company or its Subsidiaries to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management) and (ii) any such carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed by the Company or its Affiliates to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management) and receiving management fees, incentive fees, fees paid by Portfolio Companies, carry or other remuneration which are not Subsidiaries of the Persons described in clause (i), excluding any Funds and any Portfolio Companies.
Applicable Law means, with respect to any Person, all provisions of laws, statutes, ordinances, rules, regulations, permits, certificates, judgments, decisions, decrees or orders of any Governmental Entity applicable to such Person.
Assets means all assets, whether, tangible or intangible and whether real, personal or mixed, at any time owned by the Company, including cash and investments acquired by the Manager for the account of the Company in the course of carrying on the activities of the Company, including the lending of money or the purchasing of shares, bonds, debentures, notes, warrants, options or other securities, instruments, rights or any other assets of the Company (whether convertible or exchangeable or not);
Audit Committee means a committee of the Board designated as such in accordance with Section 6.15 hereof, and composed entirely of one or more Independent Directors.
Beneficial Owner means, with respect to a Share, a Person who directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise has or shares: (A) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such Share and/or (B) investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such Share. The terms Beneficially Own and Beneficial Ownership have correlative meanings.
Board means the Board of Directors of the Company.
Business Day means a day other than a Saturday, Sunday or other day on which commercial banks in New York, New York are authorized or required by law to close.
BRH means BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.
BRH Holdings means BRH Holdings GP, Ltd, a Cayman Islands exempted company.
BRH Holdings Cessation Date has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(c) .
Capital Contribution means any cash, cash equivalents or the fair market value (as determined by the Manager) of any property or asset that a Member contributes to the Company pursuant to this Agreement.
A-2
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Company asset, the assets adjusted basis for U.S. federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Company shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the Manager, and the Carrying Values of all Company assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in United States Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of: (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Share by any new or existing Members in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Company assets to a Member; (c) the date a Share is relinquished to the Company; or (d) any other date specified in the United States Treasury Regulations; provided however that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the Manager to reflect the relative economic interests of the Members. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Net Income (Loss) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for U.S. federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate means a certificate issued in global form in accordance with the rules and regulations of the Depository Trust Company or in such other form as may be adopted by the Manager, issued by the Company evidencing ownership of one or more Class A Common Shares or Class B Common Shares or a certificate, in such form as may be adopted by the Manager, issued by the Company evidencing ownership of one or more other securities of the Company.
Certificate of Formation means the Certificate of Formation of the Company filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware, as may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Charitable Institution means an organization described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code (or any corresponding provision of a future United State Internal Revenue law) which is exempt from income taxation under Section 501(a) thereof.
Charitable Beneficiary means one or more beneficiaries of a trust as determined pursuant to Section 3.10(d)(vi) , provided that each such organization must be described in Section 501(c)(3) of the Code and contributions to each such organization must be eligible for deduction under each of Sections 170(b)(1)(A), 2055 and 2522 of the Code.
Citizenship Certification means a properly completed certificate in such form as may be specified by the Manager by which a Member certifies that he, she or it (and if he, she or it is a nominee holding for the account of another Person, that to the best of his knowledge such other Person) is an Eligible Citizen.
Class A Common Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Company (including any non-voting Class A Common Shares held by an Investor or its Affiliates) representing limited liability company interests in the Company, having such rights associated with such Class A Common Shares as set forth in this Agreement and any equity securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Class A Common Shares (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
Class B Common Shares means the Class B Common Shares of the Company representing limited liability company interests in the Company, having such rights associated with such Class B Common Shares as set forth in this Agreement and any equity securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Class B Common Shares (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
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Common Shares means the Class A Common Shares and Class B Common Shares.
Company has the meaning set forth in the recitals to this Agreement, including any successor entity thereto.
Company Group means the Company and each Subsidiary of the Company.
Company Group Member means a member of the Company Group.
Conflicts Committee means a committee of the Board designated as such in accordance with Section 6.15 hereof, and composed entirely of one or more Independent Directors.
Control means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management or policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, by contrast or otherwise, and controlling and controlled shall have meanings correlative thereto.
CS Rights Agreement means the Registration Rights Agreement, to be entered into by and between the Company and CS (as defined in the Shareholders Agreement), as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Current Market Price means with respect to any class of Shares as of any date, the average of the daily closing prices per Share of such class for the 20 consecutive Trading Days immediately prior to such date, or as otherwise determined in accordance with Section 3.8(a)(ii) .
Delaware Act means the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act, 6 Del. C. Section 18-101, et seq., as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and any successor to such statute.
Departing Manager means a former Manager from and after the effective date of any withdrawal of such former Manager.
DGCL means the Delaware General Corporation Law, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and any successor to such statute.
Director means a member of the Board.
Eligible Citizen means a Person qualified to own interests in real property in jurisdictions in which any Company Group Member does business or proposes to do business from time to time, and whose status as a Member the Manager determines in its sole discretion does not or would not subject such Company Group Member to a significant risk of cancellation or forfeiture of any of its properties or any interest therein.
ERISA means the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Law of 1974, as amended, and rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
ERISA Person means any Person which is, or is acting on behalf of, a Plan.
ERISA Trust has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(g) .
Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the Exchange Agreement, dated as of date hereof, by and among the Company, each member of the Apollo Operating Group, Intermediate Holdings and the other parties thereto.
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Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
Governmental Entity means any Federal, state, county, city, local or foreign governmental, administrative or regulatory authority, commission, committee, agency or body (including any court, tribunal or arbitral body).
Group has the meaning set forth in Section 13(d) of the Exchange Act as in effect on the date of this Agreement.
Holdings means AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.
Indemnified Person means: (a) the Manager, (b) any Departing Manager; (c) any Affiliate of the Manager or any Departing Manager; (d) any member, partner, Tax Matters Partner (as defined in the Code), officer, director, employee, agent, fiduciary or trustee of any Company Group Member, the Manager, any Departing Manager or any of their respective Affiliates; (e) any Person who is or was serving at the request of the Manager or any Departing Manager or any of their respective Affiliates as an officer, director, employee, member, partner, Tax Matters Partner, agent, fiduciary or trustee of another Person; provided that a Person shall not be an Indemnified Person by reason of providing, on a fee-for-services basis, trustee, fiduciary or custodial services; and (f) any Person that the Manager in its sole discretion designates as an Indemnified Person for purposes of this Agreement.
Independent Director means a Director who meets the then current independence standards required of audit committee members established by the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations of the SEC thereunder and by each National Securities Exchange on which Shares are listed for trading.
Initial Offering means the earlier to occur of (i) a Private Placement or (ii) an IPO.
Initial Offering Registration Rights Agreements means any registration rights agreement approved by the Manager in connection with the consummation of an IPO.
Investment Company Act means the U.S. Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended, modified, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Investor means, each of the APOC Holdings, Ltd., a Cayman Islands exempted company, and California Public Employees Retirement System, a unit of the State and Consumer Services Agency of the State of California (together with its Affiliates that become Noteholders under the Strategic Agreement).
IPO means the earlier of (i) the consummation of an underwritten public offering of Class A Common Shares pursuant to an effective registration statement (other than on Forms S-4 or S-8 or successors and/or equivalents to such forms); provided , that no such underwritten public offering shall constitute an IPO for the purposes of this Agreement unless (x) it involves a sale to underwriters for distribution to the public representing a public float of at least 10% of the then Outstanding Voting Power of the Company (calculated on a fully-diluted basis as if all outstanding Operating Group Units have been exchanged for, and all outstanding Notes have been converted into, Class A Common Shares) and (y) such offering satisfies the Price Threshold, and (ii) the effectiveness of the shelf registration statement to be filed by the Company in respect of the Class A Common Shares to be sold in the Private Placement; in the case of clauses both (i) and (ii), such registration statement to be filed by the Company with the SEC or (in connection with a listing on the London Stock Exchange) with the Financial Services Authority of the United Kingdom.
IPO Date means the first date on which Class A Common Shares are delivered by the Company to the Underwriters pursuant to the provisions of the Underwriting Agreement.
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Lender Rights Agreement means the Lender Rights Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Investors and the Company, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Liquidator means one or more Persons selected by the Manager to perform the functions described in Section 9.2 as liquidating trustee of the Company within the meaning of the Delaware Act.
Manager has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Member means any Person owning any Share in the Company, including any Substitute Member or any Person admitted as a Member of the Company in accordance with Article III as a result of an issuance of Shares by the Company to such Person.
Merger Agreement has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1 .
National Securities Exchange means an exchange registered with the SEC under Section 6(a) of the Exchange Act or any other exchange (domestic or foreign, and whether or not so registered) designated by the Manager as a National Securities Exchange.
Net Income (Loss) for any tax years means the taxable income or loss of the Company for such period as determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Company for U.S. federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments; (i) any income of the Company that is exempt from U.S. federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Income (Loss) shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (ii) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for U.S. federal income tax purposes, any depreciation, amortization or gain resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (iii) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; and (iv) any expenditures of the Company not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Net Income (Loss) pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Non-citizen Assignee means a Person whom the Manager has determined in its sole discretion does not constitute an Eligible Citizen and as to whose Shares the Manager has become the Member, pursuant to Section 3.8 .
Noteholder means any Person who holds a Note, other than Persons who acquired Notes in a transaction not permitted by the Notes, the Strategic Agreement, any substantially similar agreement pursuant to which additional Notes may be issued and the Lender Rights Agreement.
Notes means the 7% convertible senior unsecured notes of the Company, convertible into non-voting Class A Common Shares, as each may be amended, supplemented, restated or otherwise modified from time to time. Notes shall also include any additional Notes issued within ninety (90) days of the date hereof.
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represent one limited partnership interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Opinion of Counsel means a written opinion of counsel (who may be regular counsel to the Company or any of its Affiliates) acceptable to the Manager.
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Outstanding means, with respect to Company securities, all Company securities that are issued by the Company and reflected as outstanding on the Companys books and records as of the date of determination; provided , however , that if at any time any Person or Group (other than any member of the Apollo Group) Beneficially Owns 20% or more of any class of Outstanding Shares, all Shares owned by such Person or Group shall not be entitled to be voted on any matter and shall not be considered to be Outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of Members to vote on any matter (unless otherwise required by Applicable Law), calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes under this Agreement; provided , further , that the foregoing limitation shall not apply: (i) to any Person or Group who acquired 20% or more of any Outstanding Shares of any class then Outstanding directly from any member of the Apollo Group; (ii) to any Person or Group who acquired 20% or more of any Outstanding Shares of any class then Outstanding directly or indirectly from a Person or Group described in clause (i) provided that the Manager shall have notified such Person or Group in writing that such limitation shall not apply; or (iii) to any Person or Group who acquired 20% or more of any Shares issued by the Company with the prior approval of the Manager; provided , further , that if at any time the Investor or any of its Affiliates Beneficially Owns any Class A Common Shares, no Class A Common Shares Beneficially Owned by the Investor or any of its Affiliates shall be entitled to be voted on any matter and shall not be considered to be Outstanding when sending notices of a meeting of Members to vote on any matter (unless otherwise required by Applicable Law), calculating required votes, determining the presence of a quorum or for other similar purposes under this Agreement.
Percentage Interest means, as to any Class A Common Shares held by any Person (assuming the conversion of the Notes into Class A Common Shares), the product obtained by multiplying (a) 100% less the percentage applicable to the Shares referred to in clause (iii) by (b) the quotient obtained by dividing (x) the number of such Class A Common Shares held by such Person (determined on an as-converted basis) by (y) the total number of all Outstanding Class A Common Shares (determined on an as-converted basis), (ii) as to any Class B Common Shares, 0%, and (iii) as to any other Shares, the percentage established for such Shares by the Manager as a part of the issuance of such Shares.
Person shall be construed broadly and includes any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, limited liability company, joint venture, estate, business, association, trust, Governmental Entity or other entity.
Plan means (a) an employee benefit plan (within the meaning of Section 3(3) of ERISA) that is subject to Part 4 of Subtitle B Title I of ERISA, (b) a plan, individual retirement account or other arrangement that is subject to Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Law, or (c) an entity whose underlying assets are considered to include plan assets of any such plan, account or arrangement pursuant to ERISA, the Code, any applicable Similar Law or otherwise;
Plan Asset Regulations means the plan asset regulations of the U.S. Department of Labor, 29 C.F.R. Sec. 2510.3-101 (as modified by Section 3(42) of ERISA);
Plan of Conversion has the meaning set forth in Section 11.1 .
Portfolio Company means any Person in which any Fund owns or has made, directly or indirectly, an Investment (as defined in the Strategic Agreement).
Preferred Shares means a class of Shares that entitles the Record Holders thereof to a preference or priority over the Record Holders of any other class of Shares in: (i) the right to share profits or losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Company distributions; or (iii) rights upon dissolution or liquidation of the Company.
Price Threshold has the meaning set forth in the Strategic Agreement.
Principal means each of Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan and Joshua J. Harris.
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Principals Group means with respect to each Principal, such Principal and (i) such Principals spouse, (ii) a lineal descendant of such Principals parents, the spouse of any such descendant or a lineal descendent of any such spouse, (iii) a Charitable Institution controlled solely by such Principal and other members of such Principals Group, (iv) a trustee of a trust (whether inter vivos or testamentary), all of the current beneficiaries and presumptive remaindermen of which are one or more of such Principal and Persons described in clauses (i) through (iii) of this definition, (v) a corporation, limited liability company or partnership, of which all of the outstanding shares of capital stock or interests therein are owned by one or more of such Principal and Persons described in clauses (i) through (iv) of this definition, (vi) an individual mandated under a qualified domestic relations order, or (vii) a legal or personal representative of such Principal in the event of his death or Disability. For purposes of this definition, (x) lineal descendants shall not include individuals adopted after attaining the age of eighteen (18) years and such adopted Persons descendants; and (y) presumptive remaindermen shall refer to those Persons entitled to a share of a trusts assets if it were then to terminate. No Principal shall ever be a member of the Principal Group of another Principal. As used herein, Principals Group means individually, any member of a Principals Group or, collectively, more than one member of a Principals Group.
Private Placement means a private placement of Class A Common Shares pursuant to Rule 144A (or any successor provision) and Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act, in an offering (i) to at least fifteen (15) purchasers and (ii) that requires the Company to file with the SEC a shelf registration statement permitting registered re-sales of the Class A Common Shares within eight (8) months of the consummation of such offering (subject to Section 6.2(d) ); provided , that no such private placement shall qualify as a Private Placement for the purposes of this Agreement, unless (x) such offering satisfies the Price Threshold and (y) it involves engagement of one or more initial purchasers, placement agents or investment banks performing a similar role for the purpose of facilitating the distribution of Class A Common Shares representing at least 10% of the then outstanding equity interests of the Company (calculated on a fully-diluted basis as if all outstanding Operating Group Units have been exchanged for, and all outstanding Notes had been converted into, Class A Common Shares); provided , further that in the event that any Person purchases Class A Common Shares representing more than 25% of such offering, the amount in excess of 25% shall be disregarded for the purpose of determining whether the 10% threshold set forth in this clause (y) has been satisfied.
Prohibited Owner has the meaning set forth in Section 3.10(a) .
Quarter means, unless the context requires otherwise, a fiscal quarter, or, with respect to the first fiscal quarter after the IPO Date, the portion of such fiscal quarter after the IPO Date, of the Company.
Record Date means the date established by the Manager in its sole discretion for determining (a) the identity of the Record Holders entitled to notice of, or to vote at, any meeting of Members or entitled to vote by ballot or give approval of Company action in writing without a meeting or entitled to exercise rights in respect of any lawful action of Members; or (b) the identity of Record Holders entitled to receive any report or distribution or to participate in any offer.
Record Holder or holder means with respect to any Shares, the Person in whose name such Shares are registered on the books of the Transfer Agent as of the opening of business on a particular Business Day.
Registration Statement means (i) any registration statement or comparable U.K. filing, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, filed by the Company with the SEC or the Financial Services Authority of the United Kingdom (other than on Forms S-4 or S-8 or successors and/or equivalents to such forms), in each case, to register the offering and sale of the Class A Common Shares in the Initial Offering, or (ii) any Private Placement offering memorandum, as it may be amended or supplemented from time to time, prepared by the Company pursuant to an exemption from the Securities Act including, without limitation, Rule 144A and Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act to effect a Private Placement of Class A Common Shares by the Company in the Initial Offering.
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Roll-up Agreements mean the several Roll-up Agreements, each dated as of the date hereof, among Holdings, BRH, the Company, APO Corp., a Delaware corporation, and APO Asset Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, on the one hand, and a senior manager of Apollo, on the other hand, in each case, dated as of the date hereof.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Share means a share of capital stock or other equity interests (including, the Class A Common Shares and the Class B Common Shares) of the Company or any options, warrants or other securities that are directly or indirectly convertible into, or exercisable or exchangeable for, capital stock or other equity interests of the Company then outstanding (including, for the avoidance of doubt, the Notes).
Share Designation means, with respect to any additional Shares that may be issued by the Company in one or more classes in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be junior to, equivalent to, or senior or superior to, any existing classes of Shares), as shall be fixed by the Manager and reflected in a written action or actions approved by the Manager.
Shareholders Agreement means the Shareholders Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among the Company, Holdings, BRH, Black Family Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, MJR Foundation LLC, a New York limited liability company, and each of the Principals, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Similar Law means any state, local, non-U.S. or other laws or regulations that would have the same effect as the Plan Asset Regulations so as to cause the underlying assets of the Company to be treated as assets of an investing entity by virtue of its investment (or any beneficial interest) in the Company and thereby subject the Company and the Manager (or other Persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Companys assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Special Approval means either (a) approval by a majority of the members of the Conflicts Committee, as applicable, or (b) approval by the vote of the Record Holders of a majority of the voting power of the Outstanding Voting Shares (excluding Voting Shares owned by the Manager and its Affiliates).
Strategic Agreement means the Strategic Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among the Company, the Investors, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Subsidiary or Subsidiaries means, with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, any other Person as to which such Person owns, directly or indirectly, or otherwise controls, more than 50% of the voting shares or other similar interests or the sole general partner interest or managing member or similar interest of such Person. The term Subsidiary does not include at any time any Funds or Portfolio Companies.
Substitute Member means a Person who is admitted as a Member of the Company pursuant to Article III as a result of a Transfer of Shares to such Person.
Surviving Business Entity has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2(a)(ii) .
Tax Matters Partner means the tax matters partner as defined in the Code.
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Tax Receivable Agreement means the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of the date hereof, by and among APO Corp., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership (together with all other Persons in which APO Corp. acquires a partnership interest, member interest or similar interest after the date thereof and who becomes party thereto by execution of a joinder), Holdings, the Principals and the Senior Managers party thereto, as such agreement may be amended, supplemented, restated or otherwise modified from time to time.
Trading Day means a day on which the principal National Securities Exchange on which such Shares of any class are listed or admitted to trading is open for the transaction of business or, if Shares of a class are not listed or admitted to trading on any National Securities Exchange, a day on which banking institutions in New York City generally are open.
Transfer means a direct or indirect sale, assignment, gift, exchange or any other disposition by law or otherwise, including any transfer upon foreclosure of any pledge, encumbrance, hypothecation or mortgage.
Transfer Agent means, with respect to any class of Shares, such bank, trust company or other Person (including the Company or one of its Affiliates) as shall be appointed from time to time by the Company to act as registrar and transfer agent for such class of Shares; provided that if no Transfer Agent is specifically designated for such class of Shares, the Company shall act in such capacity.
Trust has the meaning set forth in Section 11.2(g) .
Trustee means the Person unaffiliated with the Company that is appointed by the Manager to serve as trustee of an ERISA Trust.
Underwriter means each Person named as an underwriter or purchaser in the Underwriting Agreement who is obligated to purchase Class A Common Shares pursuant thereto.
Underwriting Agreement means the underwriting agreement or the purchase agreement, as the case may be, expected to be entered into by the Company providing for the sale of Class A Common Shares in the Initial Offering, as it may be amended, supplemented or restated from time to time.
Voting Power means the aggregate number of votes that may be cast by holders of Voting Shares Outstanding as of the relevant Record Date.
Voting Share means a Class A Common Share (other than any Class A Common Shares Beneficially Owned by the Investor or any of its Affiliates), a Class B Common Share and any other Share of the Company that is designated as a Voting Share from time to time.
Section 1.2 Interpretation . In this Agreement, unless the context otherwise requires:
(a) words importing the singular include the plural and vice versa;
(b) pronouns of either gender or neuter shall include, as appropriate, the other pronoun forms;
(c) a reference to a clause, party, annex, exhibit or schedule is a reference to a clause of, and a party, annex, exhibit and schedule to this Agreement, and a reference to this Agreement includes any annex, exhibit and schedule hereto;
(d) a reference to a statute, regulations, proclamation, ordinance or by-law includes all statues, regulations, proclamations, ordinances or by-laws amending, consolidating or replacing it, whether passed by the same or another Governmental Entity with legal power to do so, and a reference to a statute includes all regulations, proclamations, ordinances and by-laws issued under the statute;
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(e) a reference to a document includes all amendments or supplements to, or replacements or novations of, that document;
(f) a reference to a party to a document includes that partys successors, permitted transferees and permitted assigns;
(g) the use of the term including means including, without limitation;
(h) the words herein, hereof, hereunder and other words of similar import refer to this Agreement as a whole, including the annexes, schedules and exhibits, as the same may from time to time be amended, modified, supplemented or restated, and not to any particular section, subsection, paragraph, subparagraph or clause contained in this Agreement;
(i) the title of and the section and paragraph headings used in this Agreement are for convenience of reference only and shall not govern of affect the interpretation of any of the terms or provisions in this Agreement;
(j) where specific language is used to clarify by example a general statement contained herein, such specific language shall not be deemed to modify, limit or restrict in any manner the construction of the general statement to which it relates;
(k) the language used in this Agreement has been chosen by the parties to express their mutual intent, and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against any party; and
(l) unless expressly provided otherwise, the measure of a period of one month or year for purposes of this Agreement shall be that date of the following month or year corresponding to the starting date; provided , that if no corresponding date exists, the measure shall be that date of the following month or year corresponding to the next day following the starting date (for example, one month following February 18 is March 18, and one month following March 31 is May 1).
ARTICLE II
ORGANIZATION
Section 2.1 Formation . The Company has been formed as a limited liability company pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act. Except as expressly provided to the contrary in this Agreement, the rights, duties, liabilities and obligations of the Members and the administration, dissolution and termination of the Company shall be governed by the Delaware Act. All Shares shall constitute personal property of the owner thereof for all purposes and a Member has no interest in specific Company property.
Section 2.2 Certificate of Formation . The Certificate of Formation has been filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware as required by the Delaware Act, such filing being hereby confirmed, ratified and approved in all respects. The Manager shall use all reasonable efforts to cause to be filed such other certificates or documents that it determines to be necessary or appropriate for the formation, continuation, qualification and operation of a limited liability company in the State of Delaware or any other state in which the Company may elect to do business or own property. To the extent that the Manager determines such action to be necessary or appropriate, the Manager shall direct the appropriate officers of the Company to file amendments to and restatements of the Certificate of Formation and do all things to maintain the Company as a limited liability company under the laws of the State of Delaware or of any other state in which the Company may elect to do business or own property, and any such officer so directed shall be an authorized person of the Company within the meaning of the Delaware Act for purposes of filing any such certificate with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware. Subject to Section 3.9(a) , the Company shall not be required, before or after filing, to deliver or mail a copy of the Certificate of Formation, any qualification document or any amendment thereto to any Member.
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Section 2.3 Name . The name of the Company shall be Apollo Global Management, LLC. The Companys business may be conducted under any other name or names, as determined by the Manager. The words Limited Liability Company, LLC or similar words or letters shall be included in the Companys name where necessary for the purpose of complying with the laws of any jurisdiction that so requires. The Manager may change the name of the Company at any time and from time to time by filing an amendment to the Certificate of Formation (and upon any such filing this Agreement shall be deemed automatically amended to change the name of the Company) and shall notify the Members of such change in the next regular communication to the Members.
Section 2.4 Registered Office; Registered Agent; Principal Office; Other Offices . Unless and until changed by the Manager, the registered office of the Company in the State of Delaware shall be located at 2711 Centerville Road, Suite 400, Wilmington, County of New Castle, Delaware 19808, and the registered agent for service of process on the Company in the State of Delaware at such registered office shall be Corporation Service Company. The principal office of the Company shall be located at 9 West 57th Street, 43rd Floor, New York, New York 10019 or such other place as the Manager may from time to time designate by notice to the Members. The Company may maintain offices at such other place or places within or outside the State of Delaware as the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate.
Section 2.5 Purposes . The purpose and nature of the business to be conducted by the Company shall be to: (a) engage directly in, or enter into or form any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other arrangement to engage indirectly in, any business activity that is approved by the Manager in its sole discretion and that lawfully may be conducted by a limited liability company organized pursuant to the Delaware Act and, in connection therewith, to exercise all of the rights and powers conferred upon the Company pursuant to the agreements relating to such business activity; and (b) do anything necessary or appropriate in furtherance of Section 2.5(a) , including the making of capital contributions or loans to a Company Group Member. To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Manager shall have no duty or obligation to propose or approve, and may decline to propose or approve, the conduct by the Company of any business free of any duty (including any fiduciary duty) or obligation whatsoever to the Company or any Member and, in declining to so propose or approve, shall not be deemed to have breached this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby, the Delaware Act or any other provision of Applicable Law.
Section 2.6 Powers . The Company shall be empowered to do any and all acts and things necessary, appropriate, proper, advisable, incidental to or convenient for the furtherance and accomplishment of the purposes and business described in Section 2.5(a) and for the protection and benefit of the Company.
Section 2.7 Power of Attorney .
(a) Each Member and Record Holder hereby constitutes and appoints the Manager and, if a Liquidator (other than the Manager) shall have been selected pursuant to Section 9.2 , the Liquidator, severally (and any successor to the Liquidator by merger, Transfer, assignment, election or otherwise) and each of their authorized managers, officers and attorneys-in-fact, as the case may be, with full power of substitution, as his true and lawful agent and attorney-in-fact, with full power and authority in his name, place and stead, to:
(i) execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record in the appropriate public offices:
(A) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including this Agreement and the Certificate of Formation and all amendments or restatements hereof or thereof) that the Manager or the Liquidator, determines to be necessary or appropriate to form, qualify or continue the existence or qualification of the Company as a limited liability company in the State of Delaware and in all other jurisdictions in which the Company may conduct business or own property;
(B) all certificates, documents and other instruments that the Manager, or the Liquidator, determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect, in accordance with its terms, any amendment, change, modification or restatement of this Agreement;
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(C) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including conveyances and a certificate of cancellation) that the Manager or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect the dissolution, liquidation and termination of the Company pursuant to the terms of this Agreement;
(D) all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the admission, withdrawal, removal or substitution of any Member pursuant to, or other events described in, Article III or Article IX (including, without limitation, issuance and cancellations of Class B Common Shares pursuant to Section 3.2 );
(E) all certificates, documents and other instruments relating to the determination of the rights, preferences and privileges of any class of Shares issued pursuant to Section 3.2 ; and
(F) all certificates, documents and other instruments (including agreements and a certificate of merger) relating to a merger, consolidation or conversion of the Company pursuant to Article XI ; and
(ii) execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record all ballots, consents, approvals, waivers, certificates, documents and other instruments that the Manager or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to: (A) make, evidence, give, confirm or ratify any vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action that is made or given by the Members hereunder or is consistent with the terms of this Agreement; or (B) effectuate the terms or intent of this Agreement; provided , that when required by Section 10.3 or any other provision of this Agreement that establishes a percentage of the Members or of the Members of any class or series required to take any action, the Manager, or the Liquidator, may exercise the power of attorney made in this Section 2.7(a) only after the necessary vote, consent, approval, agreement or other action of the Members or of the Members of such class or series, as applicable.
(b) Nothing contained in this Section 2.7 shall be construed as authorizing the Manager, or the Liquidator, to amend, change or modify this Agreement except in accordance with Article X or as may otherwise be provided in this Agreement.
(c) The foregoing power of attorney is hereby declared to be irrevocable and a power coupled with an interest, and it shall survive and, to the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law, not be affected by the subsequent death, incompetency, disability, incapacity, dissolution, bankruptcy or termination of any Member or Record Holder and the Transfer of all or any portion of such Member or Record Holders Shares and shall extend to such Member or Record Holders heirs, successors, assigns and personal representatives. Each such Member or Record Holder hereby agrees to be bound by any representation made by the Manager, or the Liquidator, pursuant to such power of attorney; and each such Member or Record Holder, to the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law, hereby waives any and all defenses that may be available to contest, negate or disaffirm the action of the Manager, or the Liquidator, taken in good faith under such power of attorney in accordance with this Section 2.7 . Each Member and Record Holder shall execute and deliver to the Manager, or the Liquidator, within 15 days after receipt of the request therefor, such further designations, powers of attorney and other instruments as such Manager or the Liquidator determines to be necessary or appropriate to effectuate this Agreement and the purposes of the Company.
Section 2.8 Term . The term of the Company commenced upon the filing of the Certificate of Formation in accordance with the Delaware Act and shall continue until the dissolution of the Company in accordance with the provisions of Article IX . The existence of the Company as a separate legal entity shall continue until the cancellation of the Certificate of Formation as provided in the Delaware Act.
Section 2.9 Title to Company Assets . Title to Company assets, whether real, personal or mixed and whether tangible or intangible, shall be deemed to be owned by the Company as an entity, and no Member, individually or collectively, shall have any ownership interest in such Company assets or any portion thereof. Title to any or all of the Company assets may be held in the name of the Company one or more of its Affiliates or
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one or more nominees, as the Manager may determine. All Company assets shall be recorded as the property of the Company in its books and records, irrespective of the name in which record title to such Company assets is held.
ARTICLE III
MEMBERS AND SHARES
Section 3.1 Members .
(a) A Person shall be admitted as a Member and shall become bound by the terms of this Agreement if such Person purchases or otherwise lawfully acquires any Share and becomes the Record Holder of such Share in accordance with the provisions of this Article III . A Person may become a Record Holder without the consent or approval of any of the Members. A Person may not become a Member without acquiring a Share.
(b) The name and mailing address of each Member shall be listed on the books and records of the Company maintained for such purpose by the Company or the Transfer Agent. The Secretary of the Company shall update the books and records of the Company from time to time as necessary to reflect accurately the information therein (or shall cause the Transfer Agent to do so, as applicable).
(c) Except as otherwise provided in the Delaware Act, the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, whether arising in contract, tort or otherwise, shall be solely the debts, obligations and liabilities of the Company, and the Members shall not be obligated personally for any such debt, obligation or liability of the Company solely by reason of being a Member of the Company.
(d) Subject to Article XI and Sections 3.8 and 3.10 , Members may not be expelled from or removed as Members of the Company. Members shall not have any right to withdraw from the Company; provided , however , that when a transferee of a Members Shares becomes a Record Holder of such Shares, such Transferring Member shall cease to be a member of the Company with respect to the Shares so Transferred.
(e) Except to the extent expressly provided in this Agreement (including any Share Designation):
(i) no Member shall be entitled to the withdrawal or return of its Capital Contribution, except to the extent that distributions, if any, made pursuant to this Agreement or upon dissolution of the Company may be considered as such by Applicable Law and then only to the extent provided for in this Agreement;
(ii) no interest shall be paid by the Company on Capital Contributions; and
(iii) except for any member of the Apollo Group, no Member, in its capacity as such, shall participate in the operation, management or control of the Companys business, transact any business in the Companys name or have the power to sign documents for or otherwise bind the Company.
(f) Any Member shall be entitled to and may have business interests and engage in business activities in addition to those relating to the Company, including business interests and activities in direct competition with the Company Group, and none of the same shall constitute a breach of this Agreement or any duty (including fiduciary duties) otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise to any Company Group Member or Member. Neither the Company nor any of the other Members shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement in any such business interests or activities of any Member.
Section 3.2 Authorization to Issue Shares .
(a) The Company may issue Shares, and options, rights, warrants and appreciation rights relating to Shares, for any Company purpose at any time and from time to time to such Persons for such consideration (which may be cash, property, services or any other lawful consideration) or for no consideration and on
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such terms and conditions as the Manager shall determine, all without the approval of any Member. Each Share shall have the rights and be governed by the provisions set forth in this Agreement (including any Share Designation). Except to the extent expressly provided in this Agreement (including any Share Designation), no Share shall entitle any Member to any preemptive, preferential, or similar rights with respect to the issuance of Shares.
(b) As of the date of this Agreement, two classes of Shares have been designated: Class A Common Shares and Class B Common Shares. Subject to Article XII , the Shares shall entitle the Record Holders thereof to vote on any and all matters submitted for the consent or approval of Members generally. The Company has entered into the Lender Rights Agreement, the Shareholders Agreement and the CS Rights Agreement, which provide certain rights to the other parties thereto, including, without limitation, certain registration rights relating to the Shares. The Company, Holdings and the other parties thereto have entered into an Exchange Agreement which provides for the exchange by Holdings of Operating Group Units, on the one hand, for Class A Common Shares (or, at the election of the Company, cash), on the other hand.
(c) On the date of this Agreement, the Company shall issue one (1) Class B Common Share to BRH Holdings. On any date BRH Holdings may in its sole discretion elect to give up its Class B Common Share (the BRH Holdings Cessation Date ), and the Company shall issue one (1) Class B Common Share to each holder of record on such date of an Operating Group Unit (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries) for each Operating Group Unit held, whether or not such Operating Group Unit is vested. In addition, on each date following the BRH Holdings Cessation Date that any Person that is not already a holder of a Class B Common Share shall become a holder of record of an Operating Group Unit (other than the Company and its Subsidiaries), whether or not such Operating Group Unit is vested, the Company shall issue one (1) Class B Common Share to such Person on such date for each Operating Group Unit held. In the event that a holder of a Class B Common Share shall subsequent to the BRH Holdings Cessation Date cease to be the record holder of any such Operating Group Unit, the Class B Common Share held by such holder with respect to such Operating Group Unit shall be automatically cancelled without any further action of any Person and such holder shall cease to be a Member with respect to such Class B Common Share so cancelled. Upon the issuance to it of a Class B Common Share, each holder thereof shall automatically and without further action be admitted to the Company as a Member of the Company.
(d) The Manager may, without the consent or approval of any Members, amend this Agreement and make any filings under the Delaware Act or otherwise to the extent the Manager determines that it is necessary or desirable in order to effectuate any issuance of Shares pursuant to this Article III , including, without limitation, an amendment of Section 3.2(b) .
Section 3.3 Certificates .
(a) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, unless the Manager shall determine otherwise in respect of some or all of any or all classes of Shares, Shares shall not be evidenced by certificates.
(b) In the event that Certificates are issued:
(i) such Certificates shall be executed on behalf of the Company by the Manager (and by any authorized officer of the Company on behalf of the Manager).
(ii) No Certificate shall be valid for any purpose until it has been countersigned by the Transfer Agent; provided , however , that if the Manager elects to issue certificates evidencing Shares in global form, the certificates evidencing Shares shall be valid upon receipt of a certificate from the Transfer Agent certifying that the certificates evidencing the Shares have been duly registered in accordance with the directions of the Company.
(iii) If any mutilated Certificate is surrendered to the Transfer Agent, the authorized officers of the Company, on behalf of the Manager, shall execute, and the Transfer Agent shall countersign and deliver in exchange therefor, a new Certificate evidencing the same number and class or series of Shares as the Certificate so surrendered.
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(iv) The authorized officers of the Company, on behalf of the Manager, shall execute, and the Transfer Agent shall countersign and deliver, a new Certificate in place of any Certificate previously issued if the Record Holder of the Certificate:
(A) makes proof by affidavit, in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager, that a previously issued Certificate has been lost, destroyed or stolen;
(B) requests the issuance of a new Certificate before the Manager has notice that the Certificate has been acquired by a purchaser for value in good faith and without notice of an adverse claim;
(C) if requested by the Manager, delivers to the Manager a bond, in form and substance satisfactory to the Manager, with surety or sureties and with fixed or open penalty as the Manager may direct to indemnify the Company, the Manager and the Transfer Agent against any claim that may be made on account of the alleged loss, destruction or theft of the Certificate; and
(D) satisfies any other reasonable requirements imposed by the Manager.
(v) If a Member fails to notify the Manager within a reasonable time after he has notice of the loss, destruction or theft of a Certificate, and a Transfer of the Shares represented by the Certificate is registered before the Manager or the Transfer Agent receives such notification, the Member shall be precluded from making any claim against the Manager, the Company or the Transfer Agent for such Transfer or for a new Certificate. As a condition to the issuance of any new Certificate under this Section 3.3 , the Manager may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed in relation thereto and any other expenses (including the fees and expenses of the Transfer Agent and the Manager) connected therewith.
Section 3.4 Record Holders . The Company shall be entitled to recognize the Record Holder as the owner of a Share and, accordingly, shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in such Share on the part of any other Person, regardless of whether the Company shall have actual or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by Applicable Law, including any applicable rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange on which such Shares are listed for trading. Without limiting the foregoing, when a Person (such as a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation or an agent of any of the foregoing) is acting as nominee, agent or in some other representative capacity for another Person in acquiring and/or holding Shares, as between the Company on the one hand, and such other Person on the other, such representative Person shall be deemed the Record Holder of such Share.
Section 3.5 Registration and Transfer of Shares .
(a) No Share shall be Transferred, in whole or in part, except in accordance with the terms and conditions set forth in this Article III . Any Transfer or purported Transfer of a Share not made in accordance with this Article III shall be null and void.
(b) Nothing contained in this Agreement shall be construed to prevent a disposition by any equityholder of the Manager of any or all of the issued and outstanding equity interests in the Manager.
(c) The authorized officers of the Company shall keep or cause to be kept a register in which, subject to such reasonable regulations as it may prescribe and subject to the provisions of Section 3.5(d) , the Company will provide for the registration and Transfer of Shares. The Transfer Agent is hereby appointed registrar and transfer agent for the purpose of registering Shares and Transfers of such Shares as herein provided.
(d) In furtherance, and not in limitation, of this Section 3.5 , in the event that Shares are evidenced by Certificates, the provisions of this Section 3.5(c) shall apply to any Transfer of Shares and the Company shall not recognize Transfers of a Certificate unless such Transfers are effected in the manner described in this Section 3.5 . Upon surrender of a Certificate for registration of Transfer of any Shares evidenced by a
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Certificate to the Company, and subject to the provisions of this Section 3.5(d) , the authorized officers of the Company, on behalf of the Manager, shall execute and deliver, and the Transfer Agent shall countersign and deliver, in the name of the holder or the designated transferee or transferees, as required pursuant to the holders instructions, one or more new Certificates evidencing the same aggregate number and type of Shares as was evidenced by the Certificate so surrendered. Except as otherwise provided in Section 3.7 , the Company shall not recognize any Transfer of Shares evidenced by Certificates until the Certificates evidencing such Shares are surrendered for registration of such Transfer. No charge shall be imposed by the Manager for such Transfer; provided that as a condition to the issuance of any new Certificate under this Section 3.5 , the Manager may require the payment of a sum sufficient to cover any tax or other governmental charge that may be imposed with respect thereto.
(e) Shares shall be freely transferable subject to the following: (i) the foregoing provisions of this Section 3.5 ; (ii) Section 3.4 ; (iii) Section 3.6 ; (iv) Section 3.10 ; (v) with respect to any series of Shares, the provisions of any Share Designations, or amendments to this Agreement establishing such series; (vi) any contractual provisions that are binding on any Member; and (vii) any provisions of Applicable Law, including the Securities Act.
Section 3.6 Restrictions on Transfers .
(a) Except as provided in Section 3.6(c) below, but notwithstanding the other provisions of this Article III , no Transfer of any Shares shall be made if such Transfer would:
(i) violate the then Applicable Law, including U.S. federal or state securities laws or rules and regulations of the SEC, any state securities commission or any other applicable securities laws of a Governmental Entity (including those outside the jurisdiction of the U.S.) with jurisdiction over such Transfer or have the effect of rendering unavailable any exemption under Applicable Law relied upon for a prior transfer of such Shares;
(ii) terminate the existence or qualification of the Company under the laws of the jurisdiction of its formation;
(iii) cause the Company to be treated as an association taxable as a corporation or otherwise to be taxed as an entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes (to the extent not already so treated or taxed);
(iv) require the Company to be subject to the registration requirements of the Investment Company Act; or
(v) result in (A) all or any portion of the Assets of the Company becoming or being deemed to be plan assets (pursuant to ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law or otherwise) of any existing or contemplated Member or be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code, or any applicable Similar Law, or (B) the Manager becoming or being deemed to be a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Member pursuant to ERISA, the Code, any applicable Similar Law or otherwise.
(b) The Manager may impose restrictions on the Transfer of Shares if it receives an Opinion of Counsel that such restrictions are necessary or advisable to avoid a significant risk of the Company becoming taxable as a corporation or otherwise becoming taxable as an entity for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Manager may impose such restrictions by amending this Agreement without the approval of the Members.
(c) Nothing contained in this Article III , or elsewhere in this Agreement, shall preclude (i) the Company from complying with its obligations under the Initial Offering Registration Rights Agreement or (ii) the settlement of any transactions involving Shares entered into through the facilities of any National Securities Exchange on which such Shares are listed for trading.
(d) By acceptance of the Transfer of any Share, and subject to compliance with Sections 3.5 and 3.6 with respect to such Transfer, each transferee of a Share (including any nominee holder or an agent or
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representative acquiring such Shares for the account of another Person): (i) shall be admitted to the Company as a Substitute Member with respect to the Shares so Transferred to such transferee when any such Transfer or admission is reflected in the books and records of the Company; (ii) shall be deemed to agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement; (iii) shall become the Record Holder of the Shares so Transferred; (iv) grants powers of attorney to the officers of the Company and any Liquidator of the Company, as specified herein; and (v) makes the consents and waivers contained in this Agreement.
(e) Any Transfer of a Share shall not entitle the transferee to share in the profits and losses, to receive distributions, to receive allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit or any similar item or to any other rights to which the transferor was entitled until the transferee becomes a Member pursuant to this Article III .
(f) The Transfer of any Shares and the admission of any new Member shall not constitute an amendment to this Agreement.
(g) For the avoidance of doubt, the restrictions on the Transfer of Shares contained herein shall be in addition to restrictions on the Transfer of Shares applicable to a Member pursuant to the terms of any agreement entered into among the Company and such Member.
Section 3.7 Citizenship Certificates; Non-citizen Assignees .
(a) If any Company Group Member is or becomes subject to any Applicable Law that, in the determination of the Manager in its sole discretion, creates a substantial risk of cancellation or forfeiture of any property in which the Company Group Member has an interest based on the nationality, citizenship or other related status of any Member, the Manager may request any Member (or, in the case of a Member that is an entity, its direct or indirect equity owners, as required) to furnish to the Manager, within 30 days after receipt of such request, an executed Citizenship Certification or such other information concerning his nationality, citizenship or other related status (or, if the Member is a nominee holding for the account of another Person, the nationality, citizenship or other related status of such other Person) as the Manager may request. If a Member fails to furnish to the Manager within such 30-day period such Citizenship Certification or other requested information, or if upon receipt of such Citizenship Certification or other requested information the Manager determines, with the advice of counsel, that a Member is not an Eligible Citizen, the Shares owned by such Member shall be subject to redemption in accordance with the provisions of Section 3.8 . The Manager also may require in its sole discretion that the status of any such Member be changed to that of a Non-citizen Assignee and, thereupon, the Manager (or its designee) shall be substituted for such Non-citizen Assignee as the Member in respect of such Shares.
(b) Upon dissolution of the Company, a Non-citizen Assignee shall have no right to receive a distribution in kind pursuant to Section 9.3 but shall be entitled to the cash equivalent thereof, and the Company shall provide cash in exchange for an assignment of the Non-citizen Assignees share of the distribution in kind. Such payment and assignment shall be treated for the Companys purposes as a purchase by the Company from the Non-citizen Assignee of their Shares (representing their right to receive such share of such distribution in kind).
(c) At any time after such Member can and does certify that they have become an Eligible Citizen, a Non-citizen Assignee may, upon application to the Manager, request that with respect to any Shares of such Non-citizen Assignee not redeemed pursuant to Section 3.8 , such Non-citizen Assignee be admitted as a Member, and upon approval of the Manager in its sole discretion, such Non-citizen Assignee shall be admitted as a Member and shall no longer constitute a Non-citizen Assignee and the Manager (or its designee) shall cease to be deemed to be the Member in respect of the Non-citizen Assignees Shares.
Section 3.8 Redemption of Shares of Non-citizen Assignees .
(a) If at any time a Member fails to furnish a Citizenship Certification or other information requested within the 30-day period specified in Section 3.7(a) , or if upon receipt of such Citizenship Certification or
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other information the Manager determines, with the advice of counsel, that a Member is not an Eligible Citizen, the Manager, in its sole discretion, may cause the Company to, unless the Member establishes to the satisfaction of the Manager that such Member is an Eligible Citizen or has Transferred his, her or its Shares to a Person who is an Eligible Citizen and such Person furnishes a Citizenship Certification to the Manager prior to the date fixed for redemption as provided below, redeem the Shares of such Member as follows:
(i) The Manager shall, not later than the 30 th day before the date fixed for redemption, give notice of redemption to the Member, at his last address designated on the records of the Company or the Transfer Agent, by registered or certified mail, postage prepaid. The notice shall be deemed to have been given when so mailed. The notice shall specify the redeemable Shares, the date fixed for redemption, the place of payment, that payment of the redemption price will be made upon the redemption of the redeemable Shares (or, if later in the case of redeemable Shares evidenced by Certificates, upon surrender of the Certificates evidencing such redeemable Shares) and that on and after the date fixed for redemption no further allocations or distributions to which the Member would otherwise be entitled in respect of the redeemable Shares will accrue or be made.
(ii) The aggregate redemption price payable by the Company for Shares redeemable under this Section 3.8 shall be an amount equal to the Current Market Price (the date of determination of which shall be the date fixed for redemption) of Shares of the class to be so redeemed multiplied by the number of Shares of each such class included among the redeemable Shares, as determined by the Manager in its sole discretion. Prior to such time as the Shares are listed on a National Securities Exchange, the Current Market Price shall be determined by the Manager in its sole discretion. The redemption price shall be paid as determined by the Manager in its sole discretion, in cash or by delivery of a promissory note of the Company in the principal amount of the redemption price, bearing interest at the rate of 7% annually and payable in three equal annual installments of principal together with accrued interest, commencing one year after the redemption date.
(iii) The Member (or its duly authorized representative) shall be entitled to receive the payment for the redeemable Shares at the place of payment specified in the notice of redemption on the redemption date (or, if later in the case of redeemable Shares evidenced by Certificates, upon surrender by or on behalf of the Member, at the place specified in the notice of redemption, of the certificates, evidencing the redeemable Shares, duly endorsed in blank or accompanied by an assignment duly executed in blank).
(iv) After the redemption date, redeemable Shares shall no longer constitute Outstanding Shares.
(b) The provisions of this Section 3.8 shall also be applicable to Shares held by a Member as nominee of a Person determined to be other than an Eligible Citizen.
(c) Nothing in this Section 3.8 shall prevent the recipient of a notice of redemption from Transferring his Shares before the redemption date if such Transfer is otherwise permitted under this Agreement. Upon receipt of notice of such a Transfer, the Manager shall withdraw the notice of redemption; provided , the transferee of such Shares certifies to the satisfaction of the Manager in a Citizenship Certification that he is an Eligible Citizen. If the transferee fails to make such certification, such redemption shall be effected from the transferee on the original redemption date.
Section 3.9 Rights of Members .
(a) In addition to other rights provided by this Agreement or by Applicable Law, and except as limited by Section 3.4(b) , each Member shall have the right, for a purpose reasonably related to such Members interest as a Member in the Company, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Members own expense:
(i) promptly after its becoming available, to obtain a copy of the Companys U.S. federal, state and local income tax returns for each year; and
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(ii) to obtain a copy of this Agreement and the Certificate of Formation and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which this Agreement, the Certificate of Formation and all amendments thereto have been executed.
(b) The Manager may keep confidential from the Members, for such period of time as the Manager determines in its sole discretion: (i) any information that the Manager believes to be in the nature of trade secrets; or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the Manager believes: (A) is not in the best interests of the Company Group; (B) could damage the Company Group or its business; or (C) that any Company Group Member is required by Applicable Law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential (other than agreements with Affiliates of the Company, the primary purpose of which is to circumvent the obligations set forth in this Section 3.9 ).
Section 3.10 ERISA Ownership Limitations .
(a) Unless permitted by the Manager pursuant to a written waiver, any purported acquisition or holding of a Share with the assets of any Plan will be void and shall have no force and effect. In addition, if any ERISA Person acquires or holds Shares in violation of the foregoing sentence, (i) the Shares acquired or held by such ERISA Person shall be deemed to be Shares-in-Trust to prevent the Assets from being treated as plan assets that are subject to Title I of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Laws; (ii) such Shares shall be transferred automatically and by operation of law to an ERISA Trust (as described below); and (iii) the ERISA Persons purportedly owning such Shares-in-Trust (the Prohibited Owner ) shall submit such Shares for registration in the name of the ERISA Trust. Such transfer to an ERISA Trust and the designation of Shares as Shares-in-Trust shall be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the date of the event that otherwise could have caused the Assets to be treated as plan assets that are subject to Title I of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any Similar Laws. The Manager shall not permit a waiver of the type described in the first sentence of this Section 3.10(a) unless the Person for which such waiver is provided represents to the Manager in writing, or the Manager otherwise determines, that such purchase and holding of Shares will not constitute or result in a non-exempt prohibited transaction under Section 406 of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code or a violation of Similar Laws and will not cause the Assets to be treated as plan assets or equity participation in the Company by benefit plan investors to be significant (within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulation).
(b) During the period prior to the discovery of the existence of the ERISA Trust, any transfer of Shares by an ERISA Person to a non-ERISA Person shall reduce the number of Shares-in-Trust on a one-for-one basis, and to that extent such Shares shall cease to be designated as Shares-in-Trust. After the discovery of the existence of the ERISA Trust, but prior to the redemption of all discovered Shares-in-Trust and/or the submission of all discovered Shares-in-Trust for registration in the name of the ERISA Trust, any transfer of Shares by an ERISA Person to a non-ERISA Person shall reduce the number of Shares-in-Trust on a one-for-one basis, and to that extent such Shares shall cease to be designated as Shares-in-Trust.
(c) If any Shares are deemed Shares-in-Trust, the Prohibited Owner shall immediately cease to own any right or interest with respect to such Shares and the Company will have the right to repurchase such Shares-in-Trust for an amount equal to their Current Market Price, which proceeds shall be payable to the Prohibited Owner.
(d) (i) Upon any purported transfer or other event that would result in a transfer of Shares to an ERISA Trust, such Shares shall be deemed to have been transferred to a Trustee as trustee of such ERISA Trust for the exclusive benefit of one or more Charitable Beneficiaries. Such transfer to the Trustee shall be deemed to be effective as of the close of business on the business day prior to the purported transfer or other event that results in the transfer to the ERISA Trust. Each Charitable Beneficiary shall be designated by the Company as provided below.
(ii) Shares held by the Trustee shall be issued and outstanding Shares of the Company. The Prohibited Owner shall have no rights in the Shares held by the Trustee. The Prohibited Owner shall not benefit economically from ownership of any Shares held in trust by the Trustee, shall have no
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rights to any distributions and shall not possess any rights to vote or other rights attributable to the Shares held in the ERISA Trust.
(iii) The Trustee shall have all consent rights and rights to distributions with respect to Shares held in the ERISA Trust, which rights shall be exercised for the exclusive benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary. Any distribution paid prior to the discovery by the Manager that the Shares have been transferred to the ERISA Trustee shall be paid by the recipient of such distribution to the Trustee upon demand and any distribution authorized but unpaid shall be paid when due to the Trustee. Any distribution so paid to the Trustee shall be held in trust for the Charitable Beneficiary. The Prohibited Owner shall have no consent rights with respect to Shares held in the ERISA Trust and, effective as of the date that the Shares have been transferred to the Trustee, the Trustee shall have the authority (at the Trustees sole discretion) (A) to rescind as void any consent cast by a Prohibited Owner prior to the discovery by the Manager that the Shares have been transferred to the Trustee and (B) to recast such consent in accordance with the desires of the Trustee acting for the benefit of the Charitable Beneficiary, provided that if the Company has already taken irreversible action, then the Trustee shall not have the authority to rescind and recast such consent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, until the Manager has received notification that Shares have been transferred into an ERISA Trust, the Manager shall be entitled to rely on its Shares transfer and other Company records for purposes of preparing lists of Record Holders entitled to consent at meetings, determining the validity and authority of proxies and otherwise obtaining consents of Members.
(iv) Within 20 days of receiving notice from the Manager that Shares have been transferred to the ERISA Trust, the Trustee of the ERISA Trust shall sell the Shares held in the ERISA Trust to a Person, designated by the Trustee, whose ownership of the Shares will not violate the ownership limitations set forth herein. Upon such sale, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner and to the Charitable Beneficiary as provided herein. The Prohibited Owner shall receive the lesser of (A) the price paid by the Prohibited Owner for the Shares or, if the Prohibited Owner did not give value for the Shares in connection with the event causing the Shares to be held in the ERISA Trust ( e.g., in the case of a gift, devise or other such transaction), the Current Market Price of the Shares on the day of the event causing the Shares to be held in the ERISA Trust and (B) the price received by the Trustee from the sale or other disposition of the Shares held in the ERISA Trust. Any net sales proceeds in excess of the amount payable to the Prohibited Owner shall be immediately paid to the Charitable Beneficiary. If, prior to the discovery by the Company that Shares have been transferred to the Trustee, such Shares are sold by a Prohibited Owner, then (X) such Shares shall be deemed to have been sold on behalf of the ERISA Trust and (Y) to the extent that the Prohibited Owner received an amount for such Shares that exceeds the amount that such Prohibited Owner was entitled to receive hereunder, such excess shall be paid to the Trustee upon demand.
(v) Shares transferred to the Trustee shall be deemed to have been offered for sale to the Company, or its designee, at a price per Share equal to the lesser of (1) the price per Share in the transaction that resulted in such transfer to the ERISA Trust (or, in the case of a devise or gift, the Current Market Price at the time of such devise or gift) and (2) the Current Market Price on the date the Company, or its designee, accepts such offer. The Company shall have the right to accept such offer until the Trustee has sold the Shares held in the ERISA Trust. Upon such a sale to the Company, the interest of the Charitable Beneficiary in the Shares sold shall terminate and the Trustee shall distribute the net proceeds of the sale to the Prohibited Owner.
(vi) By written notice to the Trustee, the Manager shall designate one or more non-profit organizations to be the Charitable Beneficiary of the interest in the Trust such that the Shares held in the ERISA Trust would not violate the restrictions set forth herein in the hands of such Charitable Beneficiary.
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(e) The provisions of Section 3.10 shall cease to apply and all Shares-in-Trust shall cease to be designated as Shares-in Trust and shall be returned, automatically and by operation of law, to their Prohibited Owners, all of which shall occur at such time as Shares qualify as a class of publicly-offered securities within the meaning of the Plan Asset Regulations.
ARTICLE IV
SPLITS AND COMBINATIONS.
Section 4.1 Splits and Combinations .
(a) Subject to Section 4.1(d) , the Company may make a pro rata distribution of Shares of any class or series to all Record Holders of such class or series of Shares, or may effect a subdivision or combination of Shares of any class or series so long as, after any such event, each Member shall have the same Percentage Interest in the Company as before such event, and any amounts calculated on a per Share basis (including voting rights) or stated as a number of Shares are proportionately adjusted.
(b) Whenever such a distribution, subdivision or combination of Shares is declared, the Manager shall select a Record Date as of which the distribution, subdivision or combination shall be effective and shall send notice thereof at least 20 days prior to such Record Date to each Record Holder as of a date not less than 10 days prior to the date of such notice. The Manager also may cause a firm of independent public accountants selected by it to calculate the number of Shares to be held by each Record Holder after giving effect to such distribution, subdivision or combination. The Manager shall be entitled to rely on any certificate provided by such firm as conclusive evidence of the accuracy of such calculation.
(c) In the event that Certificates are issued, promptly following any such distribution, subdivision or combination, the Company may issue new Certificates to the Record Holders of Shares or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares as of the applicable Record Date representing the new number of Shares or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares held by such Record Holders, or the Manager may adopt such other procedures that it determines to be necessary or appropriate to reflect such changes. If any such combination results in a smaller total number of Outstanding Shares or outstanding options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares, the Company shall require, as a condition to the delivery to a Record Holder of any such new Certificate, the surrender of any Certificate held by such Record Holder immediately prior to such Record Date.
(d) The Company shall not issue fractional Shares upon any distribution, subdivision or combination of Shares. If a distribution, subdivision or combination of Shares would otherwise result in the issuance of fractional Shares, each fractional Share shall be rounded to the nearest whole Share (and a 0.5 Share shall be rounded to the next higher Share).
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; ALLOCATIONS OF TAX ITEMS; DISTRIBUTIONS.
Section 5.1 Maintenance of Capital Accounts; Allocations .
(a) There shall be established for each Member on the books of the Company as of the date such Member becomes a Member a capital account (each being a "Capital Account"). Each Capital Contribution by any Member, if any, shall be credited to the Capital Account of such Member on the date such Capital Contribution is made to the Company. In addition, each Members Capital Account shall be (a) credited with (i) such Members allocable share of any Net Income of the Company, and (ii) the amount of any Company liabilities that are assumed by the Member or secured by any Company property distributed to the Member, (b) debited with (i) the amount of distributions (and deemed distributions) to such Member of cash
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or the fair market value of other property so distributed, (ii) such Members allocable share of Net Loss of the Company and expenditures of the Company described or treated under Section 704(b) of the Code as described in Section 705(a)(2)(B) of the Code, and (iii) the amount of any liabilities of the Member assumed by the Company or which are secured by any property contributed by the Member to the Company and (c) otherwise maintained in accordance with the provisions of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. Any other item which is required to be reflected in a Members Capital Account under Section 704(b) of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder or otherwise under this Agreement shall be so reflected. The Manager shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Members interest in the Company. Interest shall not be payable on Capital Account balances. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the Manager shall maintain the Capital Accounts of the Members in accordance with the principles and requirements set forth in Section 704(b) of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder. The Capital Account of each holder of Class B Common Shares shall at all times be zero, except to the extent such holder also holds Shares other than Class B Common Shares.
(b) Net Income (Loss) of the Company for each tax year shall be allocated among the Capital Accounts of the Members in a manner that as closely as possible gives economic effect to the manner in which distributions are made to the Members pursuant to the provisions of Sections 5.2(e) and 9.3.
(c) All items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit of the Company shall be allocated among the Members for U.S. federal, state and local income tax purposes consistent with the manner that the corresponding constituent items of Net Income (Loss) shall be allocated among the Members pursuant to this Agreement, except as may otherwise be provided herein or by the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Manager in its sole discretion shall make such allocations for tax purposes as may be needed to ensure that allocations are in accordance with the interests of the Members in the Company, within the meaning of the Code and United States Treasury Regulations. The Manager shall determine all matters concerning allocations for tax purposes not expressly provided for herein in its sole discretion. For the proper administration of the Company and for the preservation of uniformity of Shares (or any portion or class or classes thereof), the Manager may (i) amend the provisions of this Agreement as appropriate (x) to reflect the proposal or promulgation of United States Treasury Regulations under Section 704(b) or Section 704(c) of the Code or (y) otherwise to preserve or achieve uniformity of Shares (or any portion or class or classes thereof), and (ii) adopt and employ or modify such conventions and methods as the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate for (A) the determination for tax purposes of items of income, gain, loss, deduction and credit and the allocation of such items among Members and between transferors and transferees under this Agreement and pursuant to the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder, (B) the determination of the identities and tax classification of Members, (C) the valuation of Company assets and the determination of tax basis, (D) the allocation of asset values and tax basis, (E) the adoption and maintenance of accounting methods and (F) taking into account differences between the Carrying Values of Company assets and such asset adjusted tax basis pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code and the United States Treasury Regulations promulgated thereunder.
(d) Allocations that would otherwise be made to a Member under the provisions of this Article V shall instead be made to the beneficial owner of Shares held by a nominee in any case in which the nominee has furnished the identity of such owner to the Company in accordance with Section 6031(c) of the Code or any other method determined by the Manager in its sole discretion.
Section 5.2 Distributions to Record Holders .
(a) Subject to the applicable provisions of the Delaware Act, the Manager may, in its sole discretion, at any time and from time to time, declare, make and pay distributions of cash or other assets to the Members. Subject to the terms of any Share Designation, distributions shall be paid to Members in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests as of the Record Date selected by the Manager. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Company shall not make or pay any
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distributions of cash or other assets with respect to the Class B Common Share except for distributions consisting only of additional Class B Common Shares paid proportionally with respect to each outstanding Class B Common Share.
(b) Notwithstanding Section 5.2(a) , in the event of the dissolution and liquidation of the Company, all distributions shall be made in accordance with, and subject to the terms and conditions of, Section 9.3 .
(c) Pursuant to Section 8.4 , the Company is authorized to withhold from payments or other distributions to the Members, and to pay over to any U.S. federal, state and local government or any foreign government, any amounts required to be so withheld pursuant to the Code or any other Applicable Law.
(d) Each distribution in respect of any Shares shall be paid by the Company, directly or through the Transfer Agent or through any other Person or agent, only to the Record Holder of such Shares as of the Record Date set for such distribution. Such payment shall constitute full payment and satisfaction of the Companys liability in respect of such payment, regardless of any claim of any Person who may have an interest in such payment by reason of an assignment or otherwise.
(e) Notwithstanding anything in this Section 5.2 to the contrary, after an Initial Offering, the following amounts shall be distributed solely to holders of Class A Common Shares that acquired such shares as a result of the conversion of Notes into Class A Shares: (i) any interest on the Notes that was accrued and unpaid at the IPO Date, (ii) any amount Deemed Distribution Reserve as such term is defined in the Strategic Agreement and (iii) any other amount distributable solely to a Noteholder or former Noteholder pursuant to the Strategic Agreement after the IPO Date.
ARTICLE VI
MANAGEMENT AND OPERATION OF BUSINESS
Section 6.1 Management .
(a) The Manager shall conduct, direct and manage all activities of the Company for so long as the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns at least 10% of the Voting Power. Except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, all management powers over the business and affairs of the Company shall be exclusively vested in the Manager, and no other Member shall have any management power over the business and affairs of the Company. In the event that the Apollo Group no longer Beneficially Owns, in the aggregate, 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, the Board or its designee shall conduct, direct and manage all activities of the Company or, as contemplated under Section 6.3 , shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Manager hereunder.
(b) In addition to the powers now or hereafter granted to the Manager under any other provision of this Agreement, the Manager, subject to Section 6.1(a) and Section 6.2 , shall have full power and authority to do all things and on such terms as it determines, in its sole discretion, to be necessary or appropriate to conduct the business of the Company, to exercise all powers set forth in Section 2.6 and to effectuate the purposes set forth in Section 2.5 , including without limitation the power to:
(i) vest in the Board any or all powers over the business and affairs of the Company, as the Manager determines, in its sole discretion;
(ii) make any expenditures, lend or borrow money, assume or guarantee, or otherwise contract for, indebtedness and other liabilities, issue evidences of indebtedness, including indebtedness that is convertible or exchangeable into Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities, and incur any other obligations;
(iii) make tax, regulatory and other filings, or render periodic or other reports to governmental or other agencies having jurisdiction over the business or assets of the Company;
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(iv) acquire, dispose of, mortgage, pledge, encumber, hypothecate or exchange any or all of the assets of the Company or merge or otherwise combine the Company with or into another Person (subject, however, to any prior approval that may be required by Section 6.2 , Article XI );
(v) use the assets of the Company (including cash on hand) for any purpose consistent with the terms of this Agreement, including the distribution of Company cash, the financing of the conduct of the operations of the Company Group; subject to applicable securities laws, the lending of funds to other Persons; the repayment or guarantee of obligations of any Company Group Member and the making of capital contributions to any Company Group Member;
(vi) negotiate, execute and perform any contract, conveyance or other instrument (including instruments that limit the liability of the Manager under contractual arrangements to all or particular assets of the Company, with the other party to the contract to have no recourse against the Manager or its assets other than its interest in the Company, even if same results in the terms of the transaction being less favorable to the Company than would otherwise be the case);
(vii) select, appoint and dismiss the Companys officers and employees (including employees having titles such as chief executive officer, senior managing director, president, vice president, secretary, treasurer or any other titles the Manager in its sole discretion may determine) and agents, representatives, outside attorneys, accountants, consultants and contractors and the determination of their compensation and other terms of employment or hiring;
(viii) maintain insurance for the benefit of the Company Group, the Members and Indemnified Persons;
(ix) form, or acquire an interest in, and contribute property and make loans to, any limited or general partnerships, joint ventures, limited liability companies, corporations or other relationships (including the acquisition of interests in, and the contributions of property to, the Companys Subsidiaries from time to time);
(x) control any matters affecting the rights and obligations of the Company, including the bringing and defending of actions at law or in equity and otherwise engaging in the conduct of litigation, arbitration or mediation and the incurring of legal expense and the settlement of claims and litigation;
(xi) indemnify any Person against liabilities and contingencies to the extent permitted by Applicable Law;
(xii) enter into listing agreements with any National Securities Exchange and delist some or all of the Shares from, or request that trading be suspended on, any such exchange;
(xiii) purchase, sell or otherwise acquire or dispose of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities;
(xiv) undertake any action in connection with the Companys participation in the management of the Company Group through its managers, directors, officers or employees or the Companys direct or indirect ownership of the Company Group Members, including, without limitation, all things described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement and the agreements described in or filed as exhibits to any Registration Statement;
(xv) cause to be registered for resale under the Securities Act and applicable state or non-U.S. securities laws, any securities of, or any securities convertible or exchangeable into securities of, the Company held by any Person;
(xvi) declare or pay any distributions of cash or other assets to Members;
(xvii) file a bankruptcy petition; and
(xviii) execute and deliver agreements with Affiliates of the Company or any Company Group Member to render services to a Company Group Member.
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(c) In exercising its authority under this Agreement, the Manager may, but shall be under no obligation to, take into account the tax consequences to any Member of any action taken (or not taken) by it. Neither the Company nor the Manager shall have any liability to a Member for monetary damages or otherwise for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived by such Member in connection with such decisions.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Delaware Act or any Applicable Law, each of the Members and each other Person who may acquire an interest in Company securities hereby:
(i) approves, ratifies and confirms the execution, delivery and performance by the parties thereto of the Exchange Agreement, the Tax Receivable Agreement, the Strategic Agreement, the Notes, the Lender Rights Agreement, the Shareholders Agreement, the CS Rights Agreement, the Roll-up Agreements and the other agreements described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement;
(ii) agrees that the Manager is authorized to execute, deliver and perform on behalf of the Company the agreements referred to in Section 6.1(d)(i) and the other agreements, acts, transactions and matters described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement, without any further act, approval or vote of the Members or the other Persons who may acquire an interest in Company securities; and
(iii) agrees that the execution, delivery or performance by the Company, any Company Group Member or any Affiliate of any of them, of this Agreement or any agreement authorized or permitted under this Agreement shall not constitute a breach by the Company of any duty that the Company may owe the Members or any other Persons under this Agreement (or any other agreements) or of any duty (fiduciary or otherwise) existing at law, in equity or otherwise.
Section 6.2 Restrictions on Managers Authority .
(a) The Manager shall have the right to exercise any of the powers granted to it by this Agreement and perform any of the duties imposed upon it hereunder either directly or by or through its duly authorized representatives or the duly authorized officers of the Company, and the Manager shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence on the part of any such officer or representative duly appointed or duly authorized by the Manager in good faith.
(b) Except as provided in Article IX and Article XI , the Manager may not sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of the Company Groups assets, taken as a whole, in a single transaction or a series of related transactions without the approval of holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company; provided , however , that this provision shall not preclude or limit the Managers ability, in its sole discretion, to mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of the assets of the Company Group (including for the benefit of Persons other than members of the Company Group, including Affiliates of the Manager) and shall not apply to any forced sale of any or all of the assets of the Company Group pursuant to the foreclosure of, or other realization upon, any such encumbrance.
Section 6.3 Resignation of the Manager . The Manager, may resign at any time by giving notice of such resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Board. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein. The acceptance of such resignation by the Board shall not be necessary to make it effective. The Manager may at any time designate a substitute manager that is a member of the Apollo Group, which substitute manager shall, upon the later of the acceptance of such designation and the effective date of such resignation of the departing Manager, be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Agreement and be deemed the Manager for all purposes hereunder. In the event the Manager resigns and does not designate a substitute manager in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Board shall conduct, direct and manage all activities of the Company and shall exercise all of the powers granted to the Manager hereunder.
Section 6.4 Board Generally . Following an Initial Offering, the Manager shall establish the Board, unless the Manager determines, in its sole discretion, to establish the Board prior to the Initial Offering. For so long as
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the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, the Manager shall (i) nominate and elect all Directors on the Board, (ii) set the number of Directors which shall constitute the Board and (iii) fill any vacancies on the Board. Each Director elected by the Manager shall hold office until such Directors successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such Directors death or until such Director resigns or is removed in the manner hereinafter provided. In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, the number of directors which will constitute the Board shall be set by resolution of the Board.
Section 6.5 Election of Directors . In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, (i) Directors shall be elected at the annual meeting of Members, except as provided in Section 6.8 and each Director elected shall hold office until the succeeding meeting after such Directors election and until such Directors successor is duly elected and qualified, or until such Directors death or until such Director resigns or is removed in the manner hereinafter provided and (ii) Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes of Outstanding Voting Shares present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the election of Directors at any annual or special meeting of Members.
Section 6.6 Removal . For so long as the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, any Director may be removed, with or without cause, at any time, by the Manager. In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Outstanding Voting Power of the Company, any Director or the whole Board may be removed, with or without cause, at any time, by the affirmative vote of holders of 50% of the Voting Power of the Company, given at an annual meeting or at a special meeting of Members called for that purpose.
Section 6.7 Resignations . Any Director may resign at any time by giving notice of such Directors resignation in writing or by electronic transmission to the Company. Any such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, or if the time when it shall become effective shall not be specified therein, then it shall take effect immediately upon receipt by the Company of such resignation. Unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective.
Section 6.8 Vacancies . For so long as the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns 10% or more of the Voting Power of the Company, unless otherwise required by Applicable Law, any vacancy on the Board will be filled by a designee of the Manager. In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, unless otherwise required by law, (i) any vacancy on the Board that results from newly created Directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of Directors may be filled by a majority of the Directors then in office, provided that a quorum is present, and any other vacancies may be filled by a majority of the Directors then in office, though less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining Director, (ii) any Director elected to fill a vacancy not resulting from an increase in the number of Directors shall have the same remaining term as that of such Directors predecessor and until such Directors successor is duly elected or appointed and qualified, or until his or her earlier death, resignation or removal, (iii) if there are no Directors in office, then an election of Directors may be held in the manner provided by the DGCL, as though the Company were a Delaware corporation and as though the Members were stockholders of a Delaware corporation.
Section 6.9 Chairman of Meetings . The Manager may elect one of the Directors then in office as Chairman of the Board. At each meeting of the Board, the Chairman of the Board or, in the Chairman of the Boards absence, a Director chosen by a majority of the Directors present, shall act as chairman of the meeting. The Secretary of the Company shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board. In case the Secretary shall be absent from any meeting of the Board, an Assistant Secretary shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and all the Assistant Secretaries, the chairman of the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.
Section 6.10 Place of Meetings . The Board may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware.
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Section 6.11 Special Meetings; Notice . Special meetings of the Board may be called by either the Manager, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or, upon a resolution adopted by the Board, by the Secretary (or other officer of the Company if the Secretary is unavailable) on twenty-four (24) hours notice to each Director, either personally or by telephone or by mail, facsimile, wireless or other form of recorded or electronic communication, or on such shorter notice as the person or persons calling such meeting may deem necessary or appropriate under the circumstances. Notice of any such meeting need not be given to any Director, however, if waived by such Director in writing or by facsimile, wireless or other form of recorded or electronic communication, or if such Director shall be present at such meeting.
Section 6.12 Action Without Meeting . Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting by the Board or any committee thereof, as the case may be, may be taken without a meeting if a consent thereto is signed or transmitted electronically, as the case may be, by all members of the Board or of such committee, as the case may be, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or such committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are maintained in paper form and shall be in electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form.
Section 6.13 Conference Telephone Meetings . Members of the Board, or any committee thereof, may participate in a meeting of the Board or such committee by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all Persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and such participation in a meeting shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.
Section 6.14 Quorum . At all meetings of the Board, a majority of the then total number of Directors in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. At all meetings of any committee of the Board, the presence of a majority of the total number of members of such committee (assuming no vacancies) shall constitute a quorum. The act of a majority of the Directors or committee members present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board or such committee, as the case may be. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board or any committee, a majority of the Directors or members, as the case may be, present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time without further notice other than announcement at the meeting.
Section 6.15 Committees . The Manager may designate one (1) or more committees consisting of one (1) or more Directors of the Company, which, to the extent provided in such designation, shall have and may exercise, subject to the provisions of this Agreement, the powers and authority granted hereunder. Such committee or committees shall have such name or names as may be determined from time to time by the Manager. A majority of all the members of any such committee may determine its action and fix the time and place, if any, of its meetings and specify what notice thereof, if any, shall be given, unless the Manager shall otherwise provide. The Manager shall have power to change the members of any such committee at any time to fill vacancies, and to discharge any such committee, either with or without cause, at any time. The Secretary of the Company shall act as Secretary of any committee, unless otherwise provided by the Board or the Committee. From after the IPO Date, the Manager shall cause the Company to form, constitute and empower each of the Audit Committee and the Conflicts Committee, which shall have such powers and rights as the Manager shall set forth in its written resolution.
Section 6.16 Remuneration . Unless otherwise expressly provided by the Manager, none of the Directors shall, as such, receive any stated remuneration for such Directors services; but the Manager may at any time and from time to time by resolution provide that a specified sum shall be paid to any Director, payable in cash or securities, either as such Directors annual remuneration as Director or member of any special or standing committee of the Board or as remuneration for such Directors attendance at each meeting of the Board or any such committee. The Manager may also provide that the Company shall reimburse each Director for any expenses paid by such Director on account of such Directors attendance at any meeting. Nothing in this Section 6.16 shall be construed to preclude any Director from serving the Company in any other capacity and receiving remuneration therefor.
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Section 6.17 Reimbursement of the Manager .
(a) Except as provided in this Section 6.17 and elsewhere in this Agreement, the Manager shall not be compensated for its services as manager or general partner of any Company Group Member.
(b) The Manager shall be reimbursed on a monthly basis, or such other reasonable basis as the Manager may determine, in its sole discretion, for: (i) all direct and indirect expenses it incurs or payments it makes on behalf of the Company Group (including salary, bonus, incentive compensation and other amounts paid to any Person including Affiliates of the Manager to perform services for the Company Group or for the Manager in the discharge of its duties to the Company Group); and (ii) all other expenses allocable to the Company Group or otherwise incurred by the Manager in connection with operating the Company Groups business (including expenses allocated to the Manager by its Affiliates). The Manager in its sole discretion shall determine the expenses that are allocable to the Company Group. Reimbursements pursuant to this Section 6.17 shall be in addition to any reimbursement to the Manager as a result of indemnification pursuant to Section 6.20 .
(c) The Manager may, in its sole discretion, without the approval of the other Members (who shall have no right to vote in respect thereof), propose and adopt on behalf of the Company Group equity benefit plans, programs and practices (including plans, programs and practices involving the issuance of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities), or cause the Company to issue Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities in connection with, or pursuant to, any such equity benefit plan, program or practice or any equity benefit plan, program or practice maintained or sponsored by the Manager or any of its Affiliates in respect of services performed directly or indirectly for the benefit of the Company Group. The Company agrees to issue and sell to the Manager or any of its Affiliates any Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities that the Manager or such Affiliates are obligated to provide pursuant to any equity benefit plans, programs or practices maintained or sponsored by them. Expenses incurred by the Manager in connection with any such plans, programs and practices (including the net cost to the Manager or such Affiliates of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities purchased by the Manager or such Affiliates from the Company to fulfill options or awards under such plans, programs and practices) shall be reimbursed in accordance with Section 6.17(b) .
Section 6.18 Outside Activities .
(a) The Manager, for so long as it is a manager of the Company: (i) agrees that its sole business will be to act as a manager, managing member or general partner, and to undertake activities that are ancillary or related thereto, of (x) the Company and any other limited liability company or partnership of which the Company is, directly or indirectly, a member or partner, or (y) any member of the Apollo Group; and (ii) shall not engage in any business or activity or incur any debts or liabilities except in connection with or incidental to: (A) its performance as manager, managing member or general partner of one or more Company Group Members or manager, managing member or general partner of one or more members of the Apollo Group; or (B) the acquiring, owning or disposing of debt or equity securities in any Company Group Member or member of the Apollo Group.
(b) Except insofar as the Manager is specifically restricted by Section 6.18(a) , each Indemnified Person shall have the right to engage in businesses of every type and description and other activities for profit and to engage in and possess an interest in other business ventures of any and every type or description, whether in businesses engaged in or anticipated to be engaged in by any Company Group Member, independently or with others, including business interests and activities in direct competition with the business and activities of any Company Group Member, and none of the same shall constitute a breach of this Agreement or any duty otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise to any Company Group Member or any Member or Record Holder. None of any Company Group Member, any Member or any other Person shall have any rights by virtue of this Agreement or the relationship established hereby in any business ventures of any Indemnified Person.
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(c) Subject to the terms of Section 6.18(a) and (b) , and subject to any agreement between the Manager or the Company and any Indemnified Person, but otherwise notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein: (i) the engaging in competitive activities by any Indemnified Person (other than the Manager) in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.18 is hereby approved by the Company and all the Members; (ii) it shall be deemed not to be a breach of the Managers or any other Indemnified Persons duties or any other obligation of any type whatsoever of the Manager or any other Indemnified Person for the Indemnified Person (other than the Manager) to engage in such business interests and activities in preference to or to the exclusion of any Company Group Member; (iii) the Manager and the Indemnified Persons shall have no obligation hereunder or as a result of any duty otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise to present business opportunities to any Company Group Member; and (iv) the doctrine of corporate opportunity or other analogous doctrine shall not apply to any such Indemnified Person.
(d) The Manager may cause the Company or any other Company Group Member to purchase or otherwise acquire Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities. Affiliates of the Manager may acquire Shares or other Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities and, except as otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, shall be entitled to exercise all rights of the Manager or a Member, as applicable, relating to such Shares or Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities.
Section 6.19 Loans from the Manager; Loans or Contributions from the Company; Contracts with Affiliates; Certain Restrictions on the Manager .
(a) Affiliates of the Manager may, but shall be under no obligation to, lend to any Company Group Member, and any Company Group Member may borrow from Affiliates of the Manager, funds needed or desired by the Company Group Member for such periods of time and in such amounts as the Manager may determine, in each case on terms that are fair and reasonable to the Company; provided , however , that the requirements of this Section 6.19 conclusively shall be deemed satisfied and not a breach of any duty hereunder or existing at law, in equity or otherwise as to any transaction: (i) approved by Special Approval; (ii) the terms of which are no less favorable to the Company than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iii) that is fair and reasonable to the Company, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company).
(b) Any Company Group Member may lend or contribute to any other Company Group Member, and any Company Group Member may borrow from any other Company Group Member, funds on terms and conditions determined by the Manager. The foregoing authority shall be exercised by the Manager in its sole discretion and shall not create any right or benefit in favor of any Company Group Member or any other Person.
(c) Affiliates of the Manager may render services to a Company Group Member or to the Manager in the discharge of its duties as manager of the Company. Any services rendered to a Company Group Member by an Affiliate of the Manager shall be on terms that are fair and reasonable to the Company; provided , however , that the requirements of this Section 6.19(c) conclusively shall be deemed satisfied and not a breach of any duty hereunder or existing at law, in equity or otherwise as to any transaction: (i) approved by Special Approval; (ii) the terms of which are no less favorable to the Company than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iii) that is fair and reasonable to the Company, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company). The provisions of Section 6.17 shall apply to the rendering of services described in this Section 6.19(c) .
(d) The Manager or any of its Affiliates may Transfer any property to, or purchase any property from, the Company, directly or indirectly, pursuant to transactions that are fair and reasonable to the Company; provided , however that the requirements of this Section 6.19(d) conclusively shall be deemed to be satisfied
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and not a breach of any duty hereunder or existing at law, in equity or otherwise as to: (i) the transactions described in or contemplated by any Registration Statement; (ii) any transaction approved by Special Approval; (iii) any transaction, the terms of which are no less favorable to the Company than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iv) any transaction that is fair and reasonable to the Company, taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be or have been particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company). With respect to any contribution of assets to the Company in exchange for Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities, the Conflicts Committee (if utilized), in determining whether the appropriate number of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Company securities are being issued, may take into account, among other things, the fair market value of the assets, the liquidated and contingent liabilities assumed, the tax basis in the assets, the extent to which tax-only allocations to the transferor will protect the existing partners of the Company against a low tax basis, and such other factors as the Conflicts Committee deems relevant under the circumstances.
Section 6.20 Indemnification .
(a) To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law but subject to the limitations expressly provided in this Agreement, all Indemnified Persons shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Company from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts arising from any and all threatened, pending or completed claims, demands, actions, suits or proceedings, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, and whether formal or informal and including appeals, in which any Indemnified Person may be involved, or is threatened to be involved, as a party or otherwise, by reason of its status as an Indemnified Person whether arising from acts or omissions to act occurring before or after the date of this Agreement; provided , however , that the Indemnified Person shall not be indemnified and held harmless if there has been a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that, in respect of the matter for which the Indemnified Person is seeking indemnification pursuant to this Section 6.20 , the Indemnified Person acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct. Notwithstanding the preceding sentence, except as otherwise provided in Section 6.20(k) , the Company shall be required to indemnify a Person described in such sentence in connection with any action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such Person only if the commencement of such action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) by such Person was authorized by the Manager in its sole discretion.
(b) To the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, expenses (including legal fees and expenses) incurred by an Indemnified Person in appearing at, participating in or defending any indemnifiable claim, demand, action, suit or proceeding pursuant to Section 6.20(a) shall, from time to time, be advanced by the Company prior to a final and non-appealable determination that the Indemnified Person is not entitled to be indemnified upon receipt by the Company of an undertaking by or on behalf of the Indemnified Peron to repay such amount if it ultimately shall be determined that the Indemnified Person is not entitled to be indemnified pursuant to this Section 6.20 . Notwithstanding the immediately preceding sentence, except as otherwise provided in Section 6.20(k) , the Company shall be required to indemnify an Indemnified Person pursuant to the immediately preceding sentence in connection with any action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) commenced by such Person only if the commencement of such action, suit or proceeding (or part thereof) by such Person was authorized by the Manager in its sole discretion.
(c) The indemnification provided by this Section 6.20 shall be in addition to any other rights to which an Indemnified Person may be entitled under this or any other agreement, pursuant to a vote of a majority of disinterested Directors with respect to such matter, as a matter of law, in equity or otherwise, both as to actions in the Indemnified Persons capacity as an Indemnified Person and as to actions in any other capacity (including any capacity under the Underwriting Agreement), and shall continue as to an Indemnified Person who has ceased to serve in such capacity.
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(d) The Company may purchase and maintain (or reimburse the Manager or its Affiliates for the cost of) insurance, on behalf of the Manager, its Affiliates, any other Indemnified Person and such other Persons as the Manager shall determine in its sole discretion, against any liability that may be asserted against, or expense that may be incurred by, such Person in connection with the Companys activities or any such Persons activities on behalf of the Company, regardless of whether the Company would have the power to indemnify such Person against such liability under the provisions of this Agreement.
(e) For purposes of this Section 6.20 : (i) the Company shall be deemed to have requested an Indemnified Person to serve as fiduciary of an employee benefit plan whenever the performance by it of its duties to the Company also imposes duties on, or otherwise involves services by, such Indemnified Person to the plan or participants or beneficiaries of the plan; (ii) excise taxes assessed on an Indemnified Person with respect to an employee benefit plan pursuant to Applicable Law shall constitute fines within the meaning of Section 6.20(a) ; and (iii) any action taken or omitted by an Indemnified Person with respect to any employee benefit plan in the performance of its duties for a purpose reasonably believed by it to be in the best interest of the participants and beneficiaries of the plan shall be deemed to be for a purpose that is in the best interests of the Company.
(f) Any indemnification pursuant to this Section 6.20 shall be made only out of the assets of the Company. In no event may an Indemnified Person subject the Members to personal liability by reason of the indemnification provisions set forth in this Agreement.
(g) An Indemnified Person shall not be denied indemnification in whole or in part under this Section 6.20 because the Indemnified Person had an interest in the transaction with respect to which the indemnification applies if the transaction was otherwise permitted by the terms of this Agreement.
(h) The provisions of this Section 6.20 are for the benefit of the Indemnified Persons and their heirs, successors, assigns, executors and administrators and shall not be deemed to create any rights for the benefit of any other Persons.
(i) The Manager and each Director and officer shall, in the performance of his, her or its duties, be fully protected in relying in good faith upon the records of the Company and on such information, opinions, reports or statements presented to the Company by any of the officers, directors or employees of the Company or any other Company Group Member, or committees of the Board, or by any other Person (including legal counsel, accountants, appraisers, management consultants, investment bankers and other consultants and advisers selected by it) as to matters the Director or the Manager, as the case may be, reasonably believes are within such other Persons professional or expert competence.
(j) No amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 6.20 or any provision hereof shall in any manner terminate, reduce or impair the right of any past, present or future Indemnified Person to be indemnified by the Company, nor the obligations of the Company to indemnify any such Indemnified Person under and in accordance with the provisions of this Section 6.20 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or-in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted.
(k) If a claim for indemnification (following the final disposition of the action, suit or proceeding for which indemnification is being sought) or advancement of expenses under this Section 6.20 is not paid in full within thirty (30) days after a written claim therefor by any Indemnified Person has been received by the Company, such Indemnified Person may file suit to recover the unpaid amount of such claim and, if successful in whole or in part, shall be entitled to be paid the expenses of prosecuting such claim, including reasonable attorneys fees.
(l) This Section 6.20 shall not limit the right of the Company, to the extent and in the manner permitted by Applicable Law, to indemnify and to advance expenses to, and purchase and maintain insurance on behalf of Persons other than Indemnified Persons.
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Section 6.21 Liability of Indemnified Persons .
(a) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, no Indemnified Person shall be liable to the Company, the Members, in their capacity as such, or any other Persons who have acquired interests in the Company securities, for any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, joint or several, expenses (including legal fees and expenses), judgments, fines, penalties, interest, settlements or other amounts arising as a result of any act or omission of an Indemnified Person, or for any breach of contract (including breach of this Agreement) or any breach of duties (including breach of fiduciary duties) whether arising hereunder, at law, in equity or otherwise, unless there has been a final and non-appealable judgment entered by a court of competent jurisdiction determining that, in respect of the matter in question, the Indemnified Person acted in bad faith or engaged in fraud or willful misconduct.
(b) Any amendment, modification or repeal of this Section 6.21 or any provision hereof shall be prospective only and shall not in any way affect the limitations on the liability of the Indemnified Persons under this Section 6.21 as in effect immediately prior to such amendment, modification or repeal with respect to claims arising from or relating to matters occurring, in whole or in part, prior to such amendment, modification or repeal, regardless of when such claims may arise or be asserted, and provided such Person became an Indemnified Person hereunder prior to such amendment, modification or repeal.
Section 6.22 Resolution of Conflicts of Interest; Standards of Conduct and Modification of Duties .
(a) Unless otherwise expressly provided in this Agreement, whenever a potential conflict of interest exists or arises between the Manager, one or more Directors or its or their respective Affiliates, on the one hand, and the Company, any Company Group Member or any Member, on the other hand, any resolution or course of action by the Manager or its Affiliates in respect of such conflict of interest shall be permitted and deemed approved by all Members, and shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement, of any agreement contemplated herein, or of any duty stated or implied by law or equity, including any fiduciary duty, if the resolution or course of action in respect of such conflict of interest is: (i) approved by Special Approval; (ii) on terms no less favorable to the Company, Company Group Member or Member, as applicable, than those generally being provided to or available from unrelated third parties; or (iii) fair and reasonable to the Company taking into account the totality of the relationships between the parties involved (including other transactions that may be particularly favorable or advantageous to the Company).
The Manager shall be authorized but not required in connection with its resolution of such conflict of interest to seek Special Approval of such resolution, and the Manager may also adopt a resolution or course of action that has not received Special Approval. Failure to seek Special Approval shall not be deemed to indicate that a conflict of interest exists or that Special Approval could not have been obtained. If Special Approval is not sought and the Manager determines that the resolution or course of action taken with respect to a conflict of interest satisfies either of the standards set forth in clauses (ii) or (iii) of this Section 6.22(a) , then it shall be presumed that, in making its decision, the Manager acted in good faith, and in any proceeding brought by or on behalf of the Company, any Member or any other Person challenging such approval, the Person bringing or prosecuting such proceeding shall have the burden of overcoming such presumption. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein or any duty otherwise existing in law, equity, or otherwise, the existence of the conflicts of interest described in any Registration Statement are hereby approved by all Members and shall not constitute a breach of this Agreement or of any duty otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise.
(b) The Members hereby authorize the Manager, on behalf of the Company as a partner or member of a Company Group Member, to approve of actions by the directors, general partner, managers or managing member of such Company Group Member similar to those actions permitted to be taken by the Manager pursuant to this Section 6.22 .
(c) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein or any Applicable Law, whenever in this Agreement or any other agreement contemplated hereby or otherwise, the Manager, in its capacity as the manager of the Company, is permitted to or required to make a decision in its sole discretion or
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discretion or that it deems necessary or appropriate or necessary or advisable or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, then the Manager, or any of its Affiliates that cause it to make any such decision, shall, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, make such decision in its sole discretion (regardless of whether there is a reference to sole discretion or discretion), and shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation (fiduciary or otherwise) to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Company or the Members, and shall not be subject to any other or different standards imposed by this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby, under the Delaware Act or under any other Applicable Law or in equity. Whenever in this Agreement or any other agreement contemplated hereby or otherwise the Manager is permitted to or required to make a decision in its good faith then for purposes of this Agreement, the Manager, or any of its Affiliates that cause it to make any such decision, shall be conclusively presumed to be acting in good faith if such Person or Persons subjectively believe(s) that the decision made or not made is in or not opposed to the best interests of the Company.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Manager and its Affiliates shall have no duty or obligation, express or implied, to: (i) sell or otherwise dispose of any asset of the Company Group; or (ii) permit any Company Group Member to use any facilities or assets of the Manager and its Affiliates, except as may be provided in contracts entered into from time to time specifically dealing with such use. Any determination by the Manager or any of its Affiliates to enter into such contracts shall be in such Persons sole discretion.
(e) Except as expressly set forth in this Agreement, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, neither the Manager nor any other Indemnified Person shall have any duties or liabilities, including fiduciary duties, to the Company, any Member or any other Person bound by this Agreement, and the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or otherwise modify or eliminate the duties and liabilities, including fiduciary duties, of the Manager or any other Indemnified Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Members to replace such other duties and liabilities of the Manager or such other Indemnified Person.
(f) The Members expressly acknowledge that the Manager is under no obligation to consider the separate interests of the Members (including, without limitation, the tax consequences to Members) in deciding whether to cause the Company to take (or decline to take) any actions, and that the Manager shall not be liable for monetary damages for losses sustained, liabilities incurred or benefits not derived by Members in connection with such decisions.
Section 6.23 Other Matters Concerning the Manager .
(a) The Manager may rely and shall be protected in acting or refraining from acting upon any resolution, certificate, statement, instrument, opinion, report, notice, request, consent, order, bond, debenture or other paper or document believed by it to be genuine and to have been signed or presented by the proper party or parties.
(b) The Manager shall have the right, in respect of any of its powers or obligations hereunder, to act through any of its duly authorized officers or any duly appointed attorney or attorneys-in-fact, and the Manager shall not be responsible for the misconduct or negligence on the part of any such officer or attorney. Subject to the immediately preceding sentence, each such attorney shall, to the extent provided by the Manager in the power of attorney, have full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and duty that is permitted or required to be done by the Manager hereunder.
Section 6.24 Reliance by Third Parties . Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, any Person dealing with the Company shall be entitled to assume that the Manager, its representatives and any officer of the Company authorized by the Manager to act on behalf of and in the name of the Company has full power and authority to encumber, sell or otherwise use in any manner any and all assets of the Company and to enter into any authorized contracts on behalf of the Company, and such Person shall be entitled to deal with the
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Manager, any such representative or any such officer as if it were the Companys sole party in interest, both legally and beneficially. Each Member hereby waives any and all defenses or other remedies that may be available against such Person to contest, negate or disaffirm any action of the Manager, any such representative or any such officer in connection with any such dealing. In no event shall any Person dealing with the Manager or any such officer or its representatives be obligated to ascertain that the terms of this Agreement have been complied with or to inquire into the necessity or expedience of any act or action of the Manager or any such officer or its representatives. Each and every certificate, document or other instrument executed on behalf of the Company by the Manager or its representatives shall be conclusive evidence in favor of any and every Person relying thereon or claiming thereunder that: (i) at the time of the execution and delivery of such certificate, document or instrument, this Agreement was in full force and effect; (ii) the Person executing and delivering such certificate, document or instrument was duly authorized and empowered to do so for and on behalf of the Company; and (iii) such certificate, document or instrument was duly executed and delivered in accordance with the terms and provisions of this Agreement and is binding upon the Company.
ARTICLE VII
BOOKS; RECORDS; ACCOUNTING AND REPORTS
Section 7.1 Records and Accounting . The Manager shall keep or cause to be kept at the principal office of the Company appropriate books and records with respect to the Companys business, including all books and records necessary to provide to the Members any information required to be provided pursuant to this Agreement. Any books and records maintained by or on behalf of the Company in the regular course of its business, including the record of the Members, books of account and records of Company proceedings, may be kept on, or be in the form of, computer disks, hard drives, punch cards, magnetic tape, photographs, micrographics or any other information storage device; provided , that the books and records so maintained are convertible into clearly legible written form within a reasonable period of time. The books of the Company shall be maintained, for financial reporting purposes, on an accrual basis in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
Section 7.2 Fiscal Year . The fiscal year for tax and financial reporting purposes of the Company shall be a calendar year ending December 31 unless otherwise required by the Code or permitted by Applicable Law.
Section 7.3 Reports .
(a) As soon as practicable, but in no event later than 120 days after the close of each fiscal year of the Company, the Manager shall cause to be mailed or made available to each Record Holder, as of a date selected by the Manager, an annual report containing financial statements of the Company for such fiscal year of the Company, presented in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, including a balance sheet and statements of operations, equity and cash flows, such statements to be audited by a registered public accounting firm selected by the Manager.
(b) As soon as practicable, but in no event later than 90 days after the close of each Quarter except the last Quarter of each fiscal year, the Manager shall cause to be mailed or made available to each Record Holder, as of a date selected by the Manager in its sole discretion, a report containing unaudited financial statements of the Company and such other information as may be required by Applicable Law or any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, or as the Manager determines to be necessary.
(c) The Manager shall be deemed to have made a report available to each Record Holder as required by this Section 7.3 if it has either: (i) filed such report with the SEC via its Electronic Data Gathering, Analysis and Retrieval system and such report is publicly available on such system; or (ii) made such report available on any publicly available website maintained by the Company.
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ARTICLE VIII
TAX MATTERS
Section 8.1 Tax Returns and Information . The Company shall timely file all returns of the Company that are required for federal, state and local income tax purposes on the basis of the accrual method and its fiscal year. The Company shall use reasonable efforts to furnish to all Members necessary tax information as promptly as possible after the end of the fiscal year of the Company; provided , however , that delivery of such tax information may be subject to delay as a result of the late receipt of any necessary tax information from an entity in which the Company or any Company Group Member holds an interest. Each Member shall be required to report for all tax purposes consistently with such information provided by the Company.
Section 8.2 Tax Elections .
(a) The Manager shall determine whether to make or refrain from making the election provided for in Section 754 of the Code, and any and all other elections permitted by the tax laws of the U.S., the several states and other relevant jurisdictions, in its sole discretion. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, for the purposes of computing the adjustments under Section 743(b) of the Code, the Manager shall be authorized (but not required) to adopt a convention whereby the price paid by a transferee of a Share will be deemed to be the lowest quoted closing price of the Shares on any National Securities Exchange on which such Shares are traded during the calendar month in which such Transfer occurs as is deemed to occur pursuant to this Agreement without regard to the actual price paid by such transferee.
(b) Except as otherwise provided herein, the Manager shall determine whether the Company should make any other elections permitted by the Code.
Section 8.3 Tax Controversies . The Manager (or such other person as required by applicable law) shall be the Tax Matters Partner. The Manager is authorized and required to represent the Company (at the Companys expense) in connection with all examinations of the Companys affairs by tax authorities, including resulting administrative and judicial proceedings, and to expend Company funds for professional services and costs associated therewith. Each Member agrees to cooperate with the Manager and to do or refrain from doing any or all things reasonably required by the Manager to conduct such proceedings. The Company shall give the Manager any required power of attorney to satisfy the intent of this Section 8.3.
Section 8.4 Withholding . Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Manager is authorized to take any action that may be required to cause the Company and other Company Group Members to comply with any withholding requirements established under the Code or any other Applicable Law including pursuant to Sections 1441, 1442, 1445 and 1446 of the Code. To the extent that the Company is required or elects to withhold and pay over to any taxing authority any amount resulting from the allocation or distribution of income to any Member (including by reason of Section 1446 of the Code), the Manager may treat the amount withheld as a distribution of cash pursuant to Sections 5.2 or 9.3 in the amount of such withholding from such Member.
Section 8.5 Class B Common Shares . For federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes, no Class B Common Shares shall be treated as outstanding limited liability company membership interests and holders that own only Class B Common Shares shall not be treated as Members.
Section 8.6 Tax Receivable Agreement . In the event the Company is taxed as a corporation for US federal income tax purposes, the Company will enter, and will cause APO LLC, Apollo Principal I, Apollo Principal III, and any other flow-through entity the Issuer owns interests in, to enter, into a tax receivable agreement substantially in the same form as the Tax Receivable Agreement.
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ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION AND LIQUIDATION
Section 9.1 Dissolution . The Company shall not be dissolved by the admission of Substitute Members or additional Members following the date hereof. The Company shall dissolve, and its affairs shall be wound up, upon:
(a) an election to dissolve the Company by the Manager that is approved by the Members holding a majority of the Voting Power of the Company;
(b) the sale, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of the assets and properties of the Company;
(c) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Company pursuant to the provisions of the Delaware Act; or
(d) at any time that there are no Members of the Company, unless the business of the Company is continued in accordance with the Delaware Act.
Section 9.2 Liquidator .
(a) Upon dissolution of the Company, the Manager shall select one or more Persons to act as Liquidator (which may be the Manager). The Liquidator (if other than the Manager) shall be entitled to receive such compensation for its services as may be approved by the Manager. The Liquidator (if other than the Manager) shall agree not to resign at any time without 15 days prior notice and may be removed at any time, with or without cause, by notice of removal approved by the Manager.
(b) Upon dissolution, death, incapacity, removal or resignation of the Liquidator, a successor and substitute Liquidator (who shall have and succeed to all rights, powers and duties of the original Liquidator) shall within 30 days thereafter be appointed by the Manager. The right to approve a successor or substitute Liquidator in the manner provided herein shall be deemed to refer also to any such successor or substitute Liquidator approved in the manner herein provided. Except as expressly provided in this Article IX , the Liquidator approved in the manner provided herein shall have and may exercise, without further authorization or consent of any of the parties hereto, all of the powers conferred upon the Manager under the terms of this Agreement (but subject to all of the applicable limitations, contractual and otherwise, upon the exercise of such powers) necessary or appropriate to carry out the duties and functions of the Liquidator hereunder for and during the period of time required to complete the winding up and liquidation of the Company as provided for herein.
Section 9.3 Liquidation . The Liquidator shall proceed to dispose of the assets of the Company, discharge its liabilities, and otherwise wind up its affairs in such manner and over such period as determined by the Liquidator, subject to Section 18-804 of the Delaware Act and the following:
(a) Subject to Section 9.3(c) the assets may be disposed of by public or private sale or by distribution in kind to one or more Members on such terms as the Liquidator and such Member or Members may agree. The Liquidator may defer liquidation or distribution of the Companys assets for a reasonable time if it determines that an immediate sale or distribution of all or some of the Companys assets would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Members. The Liquidator may distribute the Companys assets, in whole or in part, in kind if it determines that a sale would be impractical or would cause undue loss to the Members. If any property is distributed in kind, the Member receiving the property shall be deemed for purposes of Section 9.3(c) to have received cash equal to its fair market value; and contemporaneously therewith, appropriate cash distributions must be made to the other Members. Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Members understand and acknowledge that a Member may be compelled to accept a distribution of any asset in kind from the Company despite the fact that the percentage of the asset distributed to such Member exceeds the percentage of that asset which is equal to the percentage in which such Member shares in distributions from the Company.
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(b) Liabilities of the Company include amounts owed to the Liquidator as compensation for serving in such capacity (subject to the terms of Section 9.2 ) and amounts to Members otherwise than in respect of their distribution rights under Article V . With respect to any liability that is contingent, conditional or unmatured or is otherwise not yet due and payable, the Liquidator shall either settle such claim for such amount as it thinks appropriate or establish a reserve of cash or other assets to provide for its payment. When paid, any unused portion of the reserve shall be applied to other liabilities or distributed as additional liquidation proceeds.
(c) Upon dissolution and liquidation of the Company pursuant to Article IX, all property and all cash in excess of that required to discharge liabilities as provided in Section 9.3(b) shall be distributed to the Members pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests, and shall also take into consideration any liquidation preference that the Noteholders are entitled to receive under the Strategic Agreement.
Section 9.4 Cancellation of Certificate of Formation . Upon the completion of the distribution of Company cash and property as provided in Section 9.3 in connection with the liquidation of the Company, the Certificate of Formation and all qualifications of the Company as a foreign limited liability company in jurisdictions other than the State of Delaware shall be canceled and such other actions as may be necessary to terminate the Company shall be taken.
Section 9.5 Return of Contributions . The Manager, the Members and the officers of the Company will not be personally liable for, or have any obligation to contribute or loan any monies or property to the Company to enable it to effectuate, the return of the Capital Contributions of the Members, or any portion thereof, it being expressly understood that any such return shall be made solely from Company assets.
Section 9.6 Waiver of Partition . To the maximum extent permitted by Applicable Law, each Member hereby waives any right to partition of the Company property.
ARTICLE X
AMENDMENT OF AGREEMENT
Section 10.1 Amendments to be Adopted Solely by the Manager . Each Member agrees that the Manager, without the approval of any Member, the Board or any other Person, may amend any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect:
(a) a change in the name of the Company, the location of the principal place of business of the Company, the registered agent of the Company or the registered office of the Company;
(b) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Members in accordance with this Agreement;
(c) a change that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to qualify or continue the qualification of the Company as a limited liability company or a company in which the Members have limited liability under the laws of any state or other jurisdiction or to ensure that the Company Group Members will not be treated as associations taxable as corporations or otherwise taxed as entities for U.S. federal income tax purposes;
(d) a change that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in U.S. federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation;
(e) a change that the Manager determines in its sole discretion: (i) does not adversely affect the Members considered as a whole (including any particular class of Shares as compared to other classes of Shares, treating the Common Shares as a separate class for this purpose) in any material respect; (ii) to be
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necessary, desirable or appropriate to: (A) satisfy any requirements, conditions or guidelines contained in any opinion, directive, order, ruling or regulation of any U.S. federal or state or non-U.S. agency or judicial authority or contained in any U.S. federal or state or non-U.S. statute (including the Delaware Act); or (B) facilitate the trading of the Shares (including the division of any class or classes of Shares into different classes to facilitate uniformity of tax consequences within such classes of Shares) or comply with any rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are or will be listed; (iii) to be necessary or appropriate in connection with action taken by the Manager pursuant to Section 4.2 ; or (iv) is required to effect the intent expressed in any Registration Statement or the intent of the provisions of this Agreement or is otherwise contemplated by this Agreement;
(f) a change in the fiscal year or taxable year of the Company and any other changes that the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the fiscal year or taxable year of the Company including, if the Manager shall so determine in its sole discretion, a change in the definition of Quarter and the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Company;
(g) an amendment that the Manager determines is necessary or appropriate based on advice of counsel, to prevent the Company, or the Manager or its partners, officers, trustees, representatives or agents (as applicable) from having a material risk of being in any manner subjected to the provisions of the Investment Company Act, the U.S. Investment Advisers Act of 1940, as amended, or plan asset regulations adopted under the U.S. Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended, regardless of whether such are substantially similar to plan asset regulations currently applied or proposed by the United States Department of Labor;
(h) an amendment that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary, desirable or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of Company securities or options, rights, warrants or appreciation rights relating to Shares;
(i) any amendment expressly permitted in this Agreement to be made by the Manager acting alone;
(j) an amendment effected, necessitated or contemplated by a Merger Agreement approved in accordance with Section 11.3 ;
(k) an amendment that the Manager determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to reflect and account for the formation by the Company of, or investment by the Company in, any corporation, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company or other entity, in connection with the conduct by the Company of activities permitted by the terms of Section 2.5 or Section 6.1 ;
(l) a merger, conversion or conveyance pursuant to Section 11.3(d) , including any amendment permitted pursuant to Section 11.5 ; or
(m) any other amendments substantially similar to the foregoing.
Section 10.2 Amendment Procedures . Except as provided in Section 3.2 , Section 10.1 , Section 10.3 and Section 11.5 , all amendments to this Agreement shall be made in accordance with the following requirements. Amendments to this Agreement may be proposed only by the Manager; provided however , that, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Manager shall have no duty or obligation to propose any amendment to this Agreement and may decline to do so free of any duty (including any fiduciary duty) or obligation whatsoever to the Company or any Member or other Person bound by this Agreement and, in declining to propose an amendment, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, shall not be required to act in good faith or pursuant to any other standard imposed by this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby or under the Delaware Act or any other Applicable Law or at equity. A proposed amendment shall be effective upon its approval by the Manager and the Members holding a majority of the Voting Power of the Company unless a greater or different percentage is required under this Agreement or by Delaware law. Each proposed amendment that requires the approval of the holders of a specified percentage of the Voting Power of the Company shall be set forth in a writing that contains the text of the proposed amendment. If such an amendment is proposed, the Manager shall seek the written approval of the requisite percentage of the Voting Power of the Company or call a
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meeting of the Members to consider and vote on such proposed amendment, in each case in accordance with the other provisions of this Article X . The Manager shall notify all Record Holders upon final adoption of any such proposed amendments.
Section 10.3 Amendment Requirements .
(a) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.1 , Section 10.2 and Section 11.5 , no provision of this Agreement that requires the vote or consent of Members holding, or holders of, a percentage of the Voting Power of the Company (including the Voting Power in respect of Voting Shares deemed owned by the Manager and its Affiliates) required to take any action shall be amended, altered, changed, repealed or rescinded in any respect that would have the effect of reducing such voting percentage unless such amendment is approved by the written consent or the affirmative vote of Members or holders of Voting Power of the Company whose aggregate Voting Power constitutes not less than the voting or consent requirement sought to be reduced.
(b) Notwithstanding the provisions of Section 10.1 and Section 10.2 , no amendment to this Agreement may: (i) enlarge the obligations of any a Member without his, her or its consent, unless such shall be deemed to have occurred as a result of an amendment approved pursuant to Section 10.3(c) ; or (ii) enlarge the obligations of, restrict in any way any action by or rights of, or reduce in any way the amounts distributable, reimbursable or otherwise payable to the Manager or any of its Affiliates without the Managers consent, which consent may be given or withheld in its sole discretion.
(c) Except as provided in Section 10.1 and Section 11.3 , any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any class of Shares in relation to other classes of Shares must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Outstanding Shares of the class affected.
(d) Except as provided in Section 10.1 and subject to Section 12.7(c) , this Section 10.3 shall only be amended with the approval of the Members holding of at least 90% of the Voting Power of the Company.
ARTICLE XI
MERGER, CONSOLIDATION OR CONVERSION
Section 11.1 Authority . The Company may merge or consolidate with one or more limited liability companies or other business entities as defined in Section 18-209 of the Delaware Act, or convert into any such entity, whether such entity is formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any other state of the United States of America, pursuant to a written agreement of merger or consolidation ( Merger Agreement ) or a written plan of conversion ( Plan of Conversion ), as the case may be, in accordance with this Article XI .
Section 11.2 Procedure for Merger, Consolidation or Conversion . Merger, consolidation or conversion of the Company pursuant to this Article XI requires the prior approval of the Manager; provided , however , that to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, the Manager shall have no duty or obligation to consent to any merger, consolidation or other business combination of the Company and, to the fullest extent permitted by Applicable Law, may decline to do so free of any duty (including any fiduciary duty) or obligation whatsoever to the Company, any Member or any other Person bound by this Agreement and, in declining to consent to a merger, consolidation or other business combination, shall not be required to act pursuant to any other standard imposed by this Agreement, any other agreement contemplated hereby or under the Delaware Act or any other Applicable Law.
(a) If the Manager shall determine to consent to a merger or consolidation, the Manager shall approve the Merger Agreement, which shall set forth:
(i) the names and jurisdictions of formation or organization of each of the business entities proposing to merge or consolidate;
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(ii) the name and jurisdiction of formation or organization of the business entity that is to survive the proposed merger or consolidation (the Surviving Business Entity );
(iii) the terms and conditions of the proposed merger or consolidation;
(iv) the manner and basis of exchanging or converting the rights or securities of, or interests in, each constituent business entity for, or into, cash, property, rights, or securities of or interests in, the Surviving Business Entity; and if any rights or securities of, or interests in, any constituent business entity are not to be exchanged or converted solely for, or into, cash, property, rights, or securities of or interests in, the Surviving Business Entity, the cash, property, rights, or securities of or interests in, any limited liability company or other business entity which the holders of such rights, securities or interests are to receive, if any;
(v) a statement of any changes in the constituent documents or the adoption of new constituent documents (the certificate of formation or limited liability company agreement, articles or certificate of incorporation, articles of trust, declaration of trust, certificate or agreement of limited partnership or other similar charter or governing document) of the Surviving Business Entity to be effected by such merger or consolidation;
(vi) the effective time of the merger, which may be the date of the filing of the certificate of merger or a later date specified in or determinable in accordance with the Merger Agreement (provided, that if the effective time of the merger is to be later than the date of the filing of the certificate of merger, the effective time shall be fixed no later than the time of the filing of the certificate of merger or the time stated therein); and
(vii) such other provisions with respect to the proposed merger or consolidation that the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate.
(b) If the Manager shall determine to consent to a conversion, the Manager may approve and adopt a Plan of Conversion containing such terms and conditions that the Manager determines to be necessary or appropriate.
Section 11.3 Approval by Members of Merger, Consolidation or Conversion or Sales of Substantially All of the Companys Assets .
(a) Except as provided in Section 11.3(d) , the Manager, upon its approval of the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as the case may be, shall direct that the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as applicable, be submitted to a vote of Members, whether at an annual meeting or a special meeting, in either case, in accordance with the requirements of Article XII . A copy or a summary of the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as applicable, shall be included in or enclosed with the notice of meeting.
(b) Except as provided in Section 11.3(d) , the Merger Agreement or Plan of Conversion, as applicable, shall be approved upon receiving the affirmative vote or consent of the holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company.
(c) Except as provided in Section 11.3(d) , after such approval by vote or consent of the Members, and at any time prior to the filing of the certificate of merger or a certificate of conversion pursuant to Section 11.4 , the merger, consolidation or conversion may be abandoned pursuant to provisions therefor, if any, set forth in the Merger Agreement or the Plan of Conversion, as the case may be.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Manager is permitted, without Member approval, to convert the Company into a new limited liability entity, or to merge the Company into, or convey all of the Companys assets to, another limited liability entity, which shall be newly formed and shall have no assets, liabilities or operations at the time of such conversion, merger or conveyance other than those it receives from the Company if: (i) the Manager has received an Opinion of Counsel that the conversion, merger or conveyance, as the case may be, would not result in the loss of the limited liability of any Member or cause the Company to be treated as an association taxable as a corporation or otherwise to
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be taxed as an entity for federal income tax purposes (to the extent not previously treated as such); (ii) the sole purpose of such conversion, merger or conveyance is to effect a mere change in the legal form of the Company into another limited liability entity; and (iii) the governing instruments of the new entity provide the Members and the Manager with substantially the same rights and obligations as are herein contained.
(e) No Member is entitled to dissenters rights of appraisal in the event of a merger, consolidation or conversion pursuant to this Article XI , a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company or the Companys Subsidiaries, or any other similar transaction or event.
(f) The Manager may cause the Company to sell, exchange or otherwise dispose of all or substantially all of its assets, in one transaction or a series of related transactions, or approve on behalf of the Company any such sale, exchange or other disposition, or mortgage, pledge, hypothecate or grant a security interest in all or substantially all of the assets of the Company, in each case, without the approval of any Member.
(g) Without the approval of any Member, the Manager may, at any time, cause the Company to implement a reorganization whereby a Delaware statutory trust (the ERISA Trust ) would hold all Outstanding Class A Common Shares and the holder of each Class A Common Share would receive, in exchange for such Class A Common Shares, a common share of the Trust which would represent one undivided beneficial interest in the Trust, and each common share of the Trust would correspond to one underlying Class A Common Share; provided , however , that the Manager will not implement such a trust structure if, in its sole discretion, it determines that such reorganization would be taxable or otherwise alter the benefits or burdens of ownership of the Class A Common Shares, including altering a Members allocation of items of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit or the treatment of such items for U.S. federal income tax purposes. The Manager will also be required to implement the reorganization in such a manner that the reorganization does not have a material effect on the voting or economic rights of Class A Common Shares and Class B Common Shares.
(h) Each merger, consolidation or conversion approved pursuant to this Article XI shall provide that all holders of Class A Common Shares shall be entitled to receive the same consideration pursuant to such transaction with respect to each of their Class A Common Shares.
Section 11.4 Certificate of Merger or Conversion . Upon the required approval by the Manager of a Merger Agreement or a Plan of Conversion, as the case may be, a certificate of merger or certificate of conversion, as applicable, shall be executed and filed with the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware in conformity with the requirements of the Delaware Act.
Section 11.5 Amendment of Agreement . Pursuant to Section 18-209(f) of the Delaware Act, an agreement of merger, consolidation or other business combination approved in accordance with this Article XI may:
(a) effect any amendment to this Agreement; or
(b) effect the adoption of a new limited liability company agreement for a limited liability company if it is the Surviving Business Entity.
Any such amendment or adoption made pursuant to this Section 11.5 shall be effective at the effective time or date of the merger, consolidation or other business combination.
Section 11.6 Effect of Merger .
(a) At the effective time of the certificate of merger, consolidation or similar certificate:
(i) all of the rights, privileges and powers of each of the business entities that has merged or consolidated, and all property, real, personal and mixed, and all debts due to any of those business entities shall be vested in the Surviving Business Entity and after the merger or consolidation shall be the property of the Surviving Business Entity and all other things and causes of action belonging to
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each of those business entities, shall be vested in the Surviving Business Entity to the extent they were of each constituent business entity;
(ii) the title to any real property vested by deed or otherwise in any of those constituent business entities shall not revert and is not in any way impaired because of the merger or consolidation;
(iii) all rights of creditors and all liens on or security interests in property of any of those constituent business entities shall be preserved unimpaired; and
(iv) all debts, liabilities and duties of those constituent business entities shall attach to the Surviving Business Entity and may be enforced against it to the same extent as if the debts, liabilities and duties had been incurred or contracted by it.
(b) It is the intent of the parties hereto that a merger or consolidation effected pursuant to this Article XI shall not be deemed to result in a Transfer or assignment of assets or liabilities from one entity to another.
Section 11.7 Corporate Treatment; Change of Law .
(a) In the event that the Manager determines the Company should seek relief pursuant to Section 7704(e) of the Code to preserve the status of the Company as a partnership for U.S. federal (and applicable state) income tax purposes, the Company and each Member shall agree to adjustments required by the tax authorities, and the Company shall pay such amounts as required by the tax authorities, to preserve the status of the Company as a partnership for tax purposes.
(b) If there is a change in the Code or other applicable tax law that causes the Company to be taxable as an association or a corporation, or otherwise imposes taxes with respect to the earnings of the Company or its Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, on the Company, its Subsidiaries or its Members in a way that is materially different from the way in which such taxes are imposed as of the date hereof, then the Manager may take such measures as it determines, in consultation with tax counsel, are necessary or advisable to optimize the Companys tax structure, including causing the Company to be taxed as a corporation.
ARTICLE XII
MEMBER MEETINGS.
Section 12.1 Member Meetings .
(a) All acts of Members (other than the Manager) to be taken hereunder shall be taken in the manner provided in this Article XII . The Manager may, in its sole discretion, call meetings of the Members for the transaction of such business, at such time and place as the Manager shall specify.
(b) A failure to hold a meeting of the Members at a designated time shall not affect otherwise valid acts of the Company or work a forfeiture or dissolution of the Company.
(c) In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company and the annual meeting for election of Directors is not held on the date designated therefor, the Directors shall cause the meeting to be held as soon as is convenient. If there is a failure to hold the annual meeting for a period of 30 days after the date designated for the annual meeting, or if no date has been designated, for a period of 13 months after the latest to occur of the date of this Agreement or its last annual meeting, it is the intent of the parties that no annual meeting be held for that year. In such situations, the Manager will provide notice to all Members entitled to vote in the election of Directors as to the manner in which the election shall be conducted and the procedure that such Member must comply with in order to vote in the election of Directors.
(d) In the event that the Apollo Group Beneficially Owns less than 10% of the Voting Power of the Company, all elections of Directors will be by written ballots; if authorized by the Board, such requirement
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of a written ballot shall be satisfied by a ballot submitted by electronic transmission, provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be reasonably determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the Member or proxyholder.
(e) Special meetings of the Members may only be called by either the Manager or the holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company.
Section 12.2 Notice of Meetings of Members .
(a) Notice, stating the place, day and hour of any annual or special meeting of the Members, as determined by the Manager, and: (i) in the case of a special meeting of the Members, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called; or (ii) in the case of an annual meeting, those matters that the Manager, at the time of giving the notice, intends to present for action by the Members, shall be delivered by the Company not less than 10 calendar days nor more than 60 calendar days before the date of the meeting, to each Record Holder who is entitled to vote at such meeting. Such further notice shall be given as may be required by Delaware law. Any previously scheduled meeting of the Members may be postponed, and any meeting of the Members may be canceled, by written notice of the Manager prior to the date previously scheduled for such meeting of the Members.
Section 12.3 Record Date. For purposes of determining the Members entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of the Members, the Manager may set a Record Date, which shall not be (a) less than 10 nor more than 60 days before the date of the meeting (unless such requirement conflicts with any rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, in which case the rule, regulation, guideline or requirement of such exchange shall govern) or (b) in the event that approvals are sought without a meeting (pursuant to Section 12.6 ), the date by which Members are requested in writing by the Manager to give such approvals. If no Record Date is fixed by the Manager, then (x) the Record Date for determining Members entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Members shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which notice is given and (ii) the Record Date for determining the Members entitled to give approvals without a meeting shall be the date the first written approval is deposited with the Company. A determination of Members of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of Members shall apply to any adjournment or postponement of the meeting; provided , however , that the Manager may fix a new Record Date for the adjourned or postponed meeting.
Section 12.4 Quorum: Required Vote for Member Action; Voting for Directors; Adjournment.
(a) At any meeting of the Members, the holders of a majority of the Voting Power of the Company or of such class or series for which a meeting has been called, represented in person or by proxy, shall constitute a quorum of such class or classes or series unless any such action by the Members requires approval by holders of a greater percentage of Voting Power of such Shares, in which case the quorum shall be such greater percentage. The submission of matters to Members for approval shall occur only at a meeting of the Members duly called and held in accordance with this Agreement at which a quorum is present; provided , however , that the Members present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to transact business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Members to leave less than a quorum, if any action taken (other than adjournment) is approved by the required percentage of Shares specified in this Agreement. Any meeting of Members may be adjourned from time to time by the chairman of the meeting to another place or time, without regard to the presence of a quorum.
(b) All matters properly submitted to Members for approval shall be determined by a majority of the Voting Power of the Company entitled to vote at such meeting and which are present in person or by proxy at such meeting (unless a greater percentage is required with respect to such matter under the Delaware Act, under the rules of any National Securities Exchange on which the Shares are listed for trading, or under the provisions of this Agreement, in which case the approval of Members holding Outstanding Shares that in the aggregate represent at least such greater percentage shall be required) and such determination shall be deemed to constitute the act of all of the Members.
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(c) Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast for a particular position.
(d) In the absence of a quorum, any meeting of Members may be adjourned from time to time by the affirmative vote of Members holding at least a majority of the Voting Power of the Company entitled to vote at such meeting represented either in person or by proxy, but no other business may be transacted, except as provided in this Article XII. When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting and a new Record Date need not be fixed, if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, unless such adjournment shall be for more than 45 days. At the adjourned meeting, the Company may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. If the adjournment is for more than 45 days or if a new Record Date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given in accordance with this Article XII.
Section 12.5 Conduct of a Meeting; Member Lists . The Manager shall have full power and authority concerning the manner of conducting any meeting of the Members, including the determination of Persons entitled to vote, the existence of a quorum, the satisfaction of the requirements of this Article XII , the conduct of voting, the validity and effect of any proxies and the determination of any controversies, votes or challenges arising in connection with or during the meeting or voting. The Manager shall designate a Person to serve as chairman of any meeting and shall further designate a Person to take the minutes of any meeting. All minutes shall be kept with the records of the Company maintained by the Manager. The Manager may make such other regulations consistent with Applicable Law and this Agreement as it may deem advisable concerning the conduct of any meeting of the Members, including regulations in regard to the appointment of proxies, the appointment and duties of inspectors of votes, the submission and examination of proxies and other evidence of the right to vote.
Section 12.6 Action Without a Meeting . On any matter that is to be voted on, consented to or approved by Members, the Members may take such action without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote if a consent or consents in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the Members having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all Members entitled to vote thereon were present and voted.
Section 12.7 Voting and Other Rights .
(a) Only those Record Holders of Outstanding Shares on the Record Date set pursuant to Section 12.3 shall be entitled to notice of, and to vote at, a meeting of Members or to act with respect to matters as to which the holders of the Outstanding Shares have the right to vote or to act. All references in this Agreement to votes of, or other acts that may be taken by, the holders of Outstanding Shares shall be deemed to be references to the votes or acts of the Record Holders of such Outstanding Voting Shares on such Record Date. Each Class A Common Share shall entitle the holder thereof (other than the Investor or any of its Affiliates) to one vote for each Class A Common Share held of record by such holder as of the relevant Record Date. Each Class B Common Share shall entitle the holder thereof to vote in accordance with the provisions of Section 12.7(e) .
(b) With respect to Outstanding Shares that are held for a Persons account by another Person (such as a broker, dealer, bank, trust company or clearing corporation, or an agent of any of the foregoing), in whose name such Outstanding Shares are registered, such other Person shall, in exercising the voting rights in respect of such Outstanding Shares on any matter, and unless the arrangement between such Persons provides otherwise, vote such Outstanding Shares in favor of, and at the direction of, the Person who is the Beneficial Owner, and the Company shall be entitled to assume it is so acting without further inquiry.
(c) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, for the avoidance of doubt, the Investor and each of its Affiliates shall be subject to the limitations on voting set forth in this Section 12.7(c) upon becoming a Member (whether at the time of conversion of the Note into Class A Common Shares or otherwise) and for so long as the Investor and its Affiliates Beneficially Own any Shares. Notwithstanding
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anything otherwise to the contrary herein or the terms of any Class A Common Shares, the Investor and each of its Affiliates shall have no voting rights whatsoever with respect to the Company, including any voting rights that may otherwise exist for Members or Record Holders hereunder, under the Delaware Act, at law, in equity or otherwise; provided , that, (i) prior to an Initial Offering, any amendment to Article IV , Article V , Article IX , Section 10.3 , or Section 11.3 of this Agreement that would have a disproportionate adverse effect on the Noteholders must be consented to in writing by the Noteholders holding 66% of the aggregate principal balance of the then outstanding Notes; provided, that as long as either Investor (directly or indirectly) holds at least 50% of the outstanding principal amount of the Notes purchased by such Investor under the Strategic Agreement on the Closing Date (as such term is defined in the Strategic Agreement), such consent shall also require the separate prior consent of such Investor; and (ii) after an Initial Offering, any amendment to Article IV , Article V , Article IX , Section 10.3 , or Section 11.3 of this Agreement that would have a disproportionate adverse effect on the Investors and their Affiliates must be consented to in writing by the Investors and their Affiliates.
(d) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, the Delaware Act or Applicable Law, each of the Members and each other Person who may acquire an interest in Shares hereby agrees that the holders of Class B Common Shares shall be entitled to receive notice of, be included in any requisite quora for and participate in any and all approvals, votes or other actions of the Members on an equivalent basis as holders of Class A Common Shares (including any and all notices, quora, approvals, votes and other actions that may be taken pursuant to the requirements of the Delaware Act or any other Applicable Law), in each case subject to and not in limitation of the rights of the holders of Class B Common Shares as provided in this Agreement.
(e) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the holders of Class B Common Shares, as such, collectively shall be entitled to a number of votes that is equal to the aggregate number of Operating Group Units outstanding as of the relevant Record Date, less the number of Class A Common Shares outstanding as of the same relevant Record Date (the Aggregate Class B Vote ). Prior to the BRH Holdings Cessation Date, BRH Holdings shall be entitled to all of the votes to which the holders of Class B Common Shares, as such, collectively are then entitled. From and after the BRH Holdings Cessation Date, the Aggregate Class B Vote shall be allocated among all holders of Class B Common Shares (other than the Company or its Subsidiaries), if more than one, as BRH Holdings shall determine in its sole discretion. The number of votes to which the holders of Class B Common Shares shall be entitled shall be adjusted accordingly if (i) a holder of Class A Common Shares, as such, shall become entitled to a number of votes other than one for each Class A Common Share held and/or (ii) under the terms of the Exchange Agreement the holders of Operating Group Units party thereto shall become entitled to exchange each such Operating Group Unit for a number of Class A Common Shares other than one. The holders of Class B Common Shares shall vote together with the holders of Class A Common Shares as a single class and, to the extent that the holders of Class A Common Shares shall vote together with the holders of any other class of limited liability company interests, the holders of Class B Common Shares shall also vote together with the holders of such other class of limited liability company interests on an equivalent basis as the holders of Class A Common Shares.
(f) Notwithstanding anything otherwise to the contrary herein, and in addition to any other vote required by the Delaware Act or this Agreement, the affirmative vote of the holders of at least a majority of the voting power of the Class B Common Shares (excluding Class B Common Shares held by the Company and its Subsidiaries) voting separately as a class shall be required to alter, amend or repeal Sections 12.7(d) or 12.7(e) or this Section 12.7(f) , or to adopt any provision inconsistent therewith.
Section 12.8 Proxies and Voting .
(a) On any matter that is to be voted on by Members, the Members may vote in person or by proxy, and such proxy may be granted in writing, by means of electronic transmission or as otherwise permitted by Applicable Law. Any such proxy shall be filed in accordance with the procedure established for the meeting. For purposes of this Agreement, the term electronic transmission means any form of
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communication not directly involving the physical transmission of paper that creates a record that may be retained, retrieved and reviewed by a recipient thereof and that may be directly reproduced in paper form by such a recipient through an automated process. Any copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reliable reproduction of the writing or transmission created pursuant to this paragraph may be substituted or used in lieu of the original writing or transmission for any and all purposes for which the original writing or transmission could be used, provided that such copy, facsimile telecommunication or other reproduction shall be a complete reproduction of the entire original writing or transmission.
(b) The Manager may, and to the extent required by Applicable Law, shall, in advance of any meeting of Members, appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting and make a written report thereof. The Manager may designate one or more alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act.
(c) With respect to the use of proxies at any meeting of Members, the Company shall be governed by paragraphs (b), (c), (d) and (e) of Section 212 of the DGCL and other applicable provisions of the DGCL, as though the Company were a Delaware corporation and as though the Members were stockholders of a Delaware corporation.
ARTICLE XIII
GENERAL PROVISIONS
Section 13.1 Addresses and Notices . Any notice, demand, request, report or proxy materials required or permitted to be given or made to a Member under this Agreement shall be in writing and shall be deemed given or made when delivered in person or when sent by first class United States mail or by other means of written communication to the Member at the address described below. Any notice, payment or report to be given or made to a Member hereunder shall be deemed conclusively to have been given or made, and the obligation to give such notice or report or to make such payment shall be deemed conclusively to have been fully satisfied, upon sending of such notice, payment or report to the Record Holder of such Shares at his address as shown on the records of the Transfer Agent or as otherwise shown on the records of the Company, regardless of any claim of any Person who may have an interest in such Shares by reason of any assignment or otherwise. An affidavit or certificate of making of any notice, payment or report in accordance with the provisions of this Section 13.1 executed by the Company, the Transfer Agent or the mailing organization shall be prima facie evidence of the giving or making of such notice, payment or report. If any notice, payment or report addressed to a Record Holder at the address of such Record Holder appearing on the books and records of the Transfer Agent or the Company is returned by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the United States Postal Service is unable to deliver it, such notice, payment or report and any subsequent notices, payments and reports shall be deemed to have been duly given or made without further mailing (until such time as such Record Holder or another Person notifies the Transfer Agent or the Company of a change in his address) if they are available for the Member at the principal office of the Company for a period of one year from the date of the giving or making of such notice, payment or report to the other Members. Any notice to the Company shall be deemed given if received by the Secretary at the principal office of the Company designated pursuant to Section 2.4 . The Manager may rely and shall be protected in relying on any notice or other document from a Member or other Person if believed by it to be genuine.
Section 13.2 Further Assurances . Each party hereto shall do and perform, or cause to be done and performed, all such further acts and things and shall execute and deliver all such other agreements, certificates, instruments, and documents as any other party hereto reasonably may request in order to carry out the provisions of this Agreement and the consummation of the transactions contemplated hereby.
Section 13.3 Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of the parties hereto and their heirs, executors, administrators, successors, legal representatives and permitted assigns.
Section 13.4 Integration . This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto;
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provided , that nothing contained herein shall be construed to amend or modify in any way the rights and obligations of the respective parties under the Agreement Among Principals, the Shareholders Agreement and the Investors Rights Agreement.
Section 13.5 Creditors . None of the provisions of this Agreement shall be for the benefit of, or shall be enforceable by, any creditor of the Company.
Section 13.6 Waiver . No failure by any party to insist upon the strict performance of any covenant, duty, agreement or condition of this Agreement or to exercise any right or remedy consequent upon a breach thereof shall constitute waiver of any such breach of any other covenant, duty, agreement or condition.
Section 13.7 Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed in counterparts, all of which together shall constitute an agreement binding on all the parties hereto, notwithstanding that all such parties are not signatories to the original or the same counterpart. Each party shall become bound by this Agreement immediately upon affixing its signature hereto or, in the case of a Person acquiring a Share pursuant to Article III , without need for execution hereto.
Section 13.8 Applicable Law . This Agreement shall be construed in accordance with and governed by the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to principles of conflict of laws. Prior to the Initial Offering, each Member: (i) irrevocably submits to the non-exclusive jurisdiction and venue of any Delaware state court or U.S. federal court sitting in Wilmington, Delaware in any action arising out of this Agreement; and (ii) consents to the service of process by mail. Nothing herein shall affect the right of any party to serve legal process in any manner permitted by Applicable Law or affect its right to bring any action in any other court.
Section 13.9 Severability . It is the desire and intent of the parties that the provisions of this Agreement be enforced to the fullest extent permissible under the laws and public policies applied in each jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought. Accordingly, if any particular provision of this Agreement shall be adjudicated by a court of competent jurisdiction to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable for any reason, such provision, as to such jurisdiction, shall be ineffective, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if such provision could be more narrowly drawn so as not to be invalid, prohibited or unenforceable in such jurisdiction, it shall, as to such jurisdiction, be so narrowly drawn, without invalidating the remaining provisions of this Agreement or affecting the validity or enforceability of such provision in any other jurisdiction.
Section 13.10 Consent of Members . Each Member hereby expressly consents and agrees that, whenever in this Agreement it is specified that an action may be taken upon the affirmative vote or consent of less than all of the Members, such action may be so taken upon the concurrence of less than all of the Members and each Member shall be bound by the results of such action.
Section 13.11 Facsimile Signatures . The use of facsimile signatures affixed in the name and on behalf of the transfer agent and registrar of the Company on certificates representing Shares is expressly permitted by this Agreement.
[Remainder of page intentionally left blank.]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered, all as of the date first set forth above.
No dealer, salesperson or other person is authorized to give any information or to represent anything not contained in this prospectus. You must not rely on any unauthorized information or representations. This prospectus is an offer to sell only the shares offered hereby, but only under circumstances and in jurisdictions where it is lawful to do so. The information contained in this prospectus is current only as of its date.
Class A Shares
Apollo Global
Management, LLC
Representing Class A Limited Liability Company Interests
PART II
INFORMATION NOT REQUIRED IN PROSPECTUS
ITEM 13 | OTHER EXPENSES OF ISSUANCE AND DISTRIBUTION. |
The following table sets forth the expenses payable by the Registrant in connection with the issuance and distribution of the Class A shares being registered hereby. All of such expenses are estimates, other than the filing and listing fees payable to the Securities and Exchange Commission, the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA) and the New York Stock Exchange.
Filing FeeSecurities and Exchange Commission |
$ | 24,101 | |
FeeFINRA |
* | ||
Listing FeeNew York Stock Exchange |
* | ||
Fees and Expenses of Counsel |
* | ||
Printing Expenses |
* | ||
Fees and Expenses of Accountants |
* | ||
Miscellaneous Expenses |
* | ||
Total |
* | ||
* | To be filed by amendment. |
ITEM 14 | INDEMNIFICATION OF DIRECTORS AND OFFICERS. |
Section 107 of the Delaware Limited Liability Company Act empowers us to indemnify and hold harmless any member or manager or other persons from and against all claims and demands whatsoever. Pursuant to Section 6.20 of our Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement, we will generally indemnify our members, managers, officers, directors and affiliates of the managers and certain other specified persons to the fullest extent permitted by the law against all losses, claims, damages or similar events. We currently maintain liability insurance for our directors and officers.
ITEM 15 | RECENT SALES OF UNREGISTERED SECURITIES. |
On August 8, 2007, in a transaction exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933 (the Securities Act), we sold 27,000,000 Class A shares, at an initial offering price of $24 per share and for a total of $763.3 million in net proceeds, to (i) Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Credit Suisse (USA) LLC, which we refer to as the initial purchasers, for their resale to qualified institutional buyers that are also qualified purchasers in reliance upon Rule 144A under the Securities Act, and (ii) to accredited investors, with the initial purchasers acting as placement agents, in a private placement, as defined in Rule 501(a) under the Securities Act. The initial purchasers exercised their over-allotment option and on September 5, 2007, we sold an additional 2,824,540 Class A shares to the initial purchasers at the price of $24 per share and we received a total of $64.1 million in net proceeds. We refer to this exempt sale of Class A shares to the initial purchasers and to accredited investors, as the Rule 144A Offering.
In connection with the Rule 144A Offering, on July 16, 2007, we entered into a purchase agreement with Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC, one of the Rule 144A Offering initial purchasers, pursuant to which Credit Suisse Management LLC, or the CS Investor, purchased from us in a private placement that closed concurrently with the Rule 144A Offering an aggregate of $180 million of the Class A shares at a price per share of $24 or 7,500,000 Class A shares. Pursuant to a shareholders agreement we entered into with the CS Investor, the CS Investor agreed not to sell its Class A shares for a period of one year from August 8, 2007, the closing date of the Rule 144A Offering. We refer to our sale of Class A shares to the CS Investor as the Private Placement and to the Private Placement, and the Rule 144A Offering collectively, as the Private Offering Transactions.
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On July 13, 2007, we sold securities to the California Public Employees Retirement System, or CalPERS, and an affiliate of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority, or ADIA, in return for a total investment of $1.2 billion. We refer to CalPERS and ADIA as the Strategic Investors. Upon completion of the Private Offering Transactions, the securities that we sold to the Strategic Investors converted into non-voting Class A shares. Pursuant to a lenders rights agreement we have entered into with the Strategic Investors, the Strategic Investors have agreed not to sell any of their Class A shares for a period of two years after the date on which the shelf registration statement of which this prospectus forms a part became effective, or the shelf effectiveness date, subject to limited exceptions. Thereafter, the amount of Class A shares they may sell is subject to a limit that increases with each year.
On March 12, 2010, July 9, 2010 and July 23, 2010, we issued 721,491, 1,539,680 and 31,250 Class A shares to Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., respectively, for an aggregate purchase price of $4,328,946, $10,777,760 and $218,750, respectively. The issuances were exempt from registration under the Securities Act in accordance with Section 4(2) and Rule 506 thereof, as a transaction by the issuer not involving a public offering. We determined that the purchaser of Class A shares in the transactions, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., was an accredited investor.
ITEM 16 | EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES. |
(a) | Exhibits |
II-2
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
10.8 | Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan | |
10.9 |
Agreement Among Principals, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan, Joshua J. Harris, Black Family Partners, L.P., MJR Foundation LLC, AP Professional Holdings, L.P. and BRH Holdings, L.P. |
|
10.10 | Shareholders Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., BRH Holdings, L.P., Black Family Partners, L.P., MJR Foundation LLC, Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan and Joshua J. Harris | |
10.11 |
Exchange Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and the Apollo Principal Holders (as defined therein), from time to time party thereto. |
|
10.12 |
Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among APO Corp., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and each Holder defined therein. |
|
10.13 | Credit Agreement dated as of April 20, 2007 among Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., as borrower, Apollo Management, L.P., Apollo Capital Management, L.P., Apollo International Management, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. and AAA Holdings, L.P., as guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto. | |
*10.14 | Employment Agreement with Leon D. Black | |
*10.15 | Employment Agreement with Marc J. Rowan | |
*10.16 | Employment Agreement with Joshua J. Harris | |
*10.17 | Employment Agreement with Kenneth A. Vecchione | |
*10.18 | Separation Agreement with Kenneth A. Vecchione | |
*10.19 | Employment Agreement with Henry Silverman | |
10.20 | Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.21 | Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.22 | Second Amended and Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.23 | Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.24 | Second Amended and Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.25 | Third Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.26
|
Settlement Agreement, dated December 14, 2008, by and among Huntsman Corporation, Jon M. Huntsman, Peter R. Huntsman, Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., Hexion LLC, Nimbus Merger Sub, Inc., Craig O. Morrison, Leon Black, Joshua J. Harris and Apollo Global Management, LLC and certain of its affiliates. |
II-3
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
10.27 | First Amendment and Joinder, dated as of August 18, 2009, to the Shareholders Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., BRH Holdings, L.P., Black Family Partners, L.P., MJR Foundation LLC, Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan and Joshua J. Harris | |
10.28
|
Form of Indemnification Agreement | |
*10.29
|
Employment Agreement with James Zelter | |
*10.30 | Roll-Up Agreement with James Zelter | |
*10.31 | Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement | |
*10.32 | Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement for Bonus Grants | |
10.33 | Form of Lock-up Agreement | |
10.34 | Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan | |
*10.35 | AAA Incentive Unit Award Agreement with John Suydam | |
10.36 | First Amendment and Joinder, dated as of April 14, 2010, to the Tax Receivable Agreement | |
*10.37 | Employment Agreement with Gene Donnelly | |
*21.1 | Subsidiaries of Apollo Global Management, LLC | |
23.1 | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP | |
*23.2 | Consent of OMelveny & Myers LLP (included as part of Exhibit 5.1) | |
24.1 | Power of Attorney for Messrs. Black, Harris, Rowan, Silverman and Giarraputo | |
24.2 | Power of Attorney for Mr. Donnelly | |
99.1 | Consent of Duff & Phelps, LLC |
* | To be filed by amendment. |
| Previously filed. |
(b) | Financial Statement Schedules |
See the Index to Financial Statements included on page F-1 for a list of the financial statements included in this registration statement.
All schedules not identified above have been omitted because they are not required, are not applicable or the information is included in the selected combined financial data or notes contained in this registration statement.
ITEM 17 | UNDERTAKINGS |
(a) | The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes: |
(1) | To file, during any period in which offers or sales are being made, a post-effective amendment to this registration statement: |
(i) | To include any prospectus required by section 10(a)(3) of the Securities Act of 1933; |
(ii) |
To reflect in the prospectus any facts or events arising after the effective date of the registration statement (or the most recent post-effective amendment thereof) which, individually or in the aggregate, represent a fundamental change in the information set forth in the registration statement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, any increase or decrease in volume of securities offered |
II-4
(if the total dollar value of securities offered would not exceed that which was registered) and any deviation from the low or high end of the estimated maximum offering range may be reflected in the form of prospectus filed with the Commission pursuant to Rule 424(b) (§230.424(b) of this chapter) if, in the aggregate, the changes in volume and price represent no more than a 20% change in the maximum aggregate offering price set forth in the Calculation of Registration Fee table in the effective registration statement. |
(iii) | To include any material information with respect to the plan of distribution not previously disclosed in the registration statement or any material change to such information in the registration statement. |
(2) | That, for the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each such post-effective amendment shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
(3) | To remove from registration by means of a post-effective amendment any of the securities being registered which remain unsold at the termination of the offering. |
(4) | That, for the purpose of determining liability under the Securities Act of 1933 to any purchaser, each prospectus filed pursuant to Rule 424(b) as part of a registration statement relating to an offering shall be deemed to be part of and included in the registration statement as of the date it is first used after effectiveness. Provided, however, that no statement made in a registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement or made in a document incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference into the registration statement or prospectus that is part of the registration statement will, as to a purchaser with a time of contract of sale prior to such first use, supersede or modify any statement that was made in the registration statement or prospectus that was part of the registration statement or made in any such document immediately prior to such date of first use. |
(b) | The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes to provide to the underwriters at the closing specified in the underwriting agreements certificates in such denominations and registered in such names as required by the underwriter to permit prompt delivery to each purchaser. |
(c) | The undersigned Registrant hereby undertakes that: |
(1) | For purposes of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, the information omitted from the form of prospectus filed as part of this registration statement in reliance upon Rule 430A and contained in a form of prospectus filed by the Registrant pursuant to Rule 424(b)(1) or (4) or 497(h) under the Securities Act of 1933 shall be deemed to be part of this registration statement as of the time it was declared effective. |
(2) | For the purpose of determining any liability under the Securities Act of 1933, each post-effective amendment that contains a form of prospectus shall be deemed to be a new registration statement relating to the securities offered therein, and the offering of such securities at that time shall be deemed to be the initial bona fide offering thereof. |
(d) | Insofar as indemnification for liabilities arising under the Securities Act of 1933 may be permitted to directors, officers and controlling persons of the Registrant pursuant to the foregoing provisions, or otherwise, the Registrant has been advised that in the opinion of the Securities and Exchange Commission such indemnification is against public policy as expressed in the Act and is, therefore, unenforceable. In the event that a claim for indemnification against such liabilities (other than the payment by the Registrant of expenses incurred or paid by a director, officer or controlling person of the Registrant in the successful defense of any action, suit or proceeding) is asserted by such director, officer or controlling person in connection with the securities being registered, the Registrant will, unless in the opinion of its counsel the matter has been settled by controlling precedent, submit to a court of appropriate jurisdiction the question whether such indemnification by it is against public policy as expressed in the Act and will be governed by the final adjudication of such issue. |
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, Apollo Global Management, LLC has duly caused this Registration Statement to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized, in New York, New York, on the 7th day of October, 2010.
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC | ||
By: |
AGM Management, LLC, its Manager |
|
By: |
BRH Holdings GP, Ltd. its Sole Member |
|
By: |
/ S / J OHN J. S UYDAM |
|
Name: John J. Suydam Title: Vice President |
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 7th day of October, 2010.
Signature |
Title |
|
* Leon D. Black |
Chairman, Chief Executive Officer and Director (Principal Executive Officer) |
|
* Joshua J. Harris |
Director | |
* Marc J. Rowan |
Director | |
* Henry Silverman |
Vice Chairman, Chief Operating Officer and Director | |
/ S / G ENE D ONNELLY Gene Donnelly |
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |
|
* Barry J. Giarraputo |
Chief Accounting Officer and Controller (Principal Accounting Officer) |
* |
/ S / J OHN J. S UYDAM |
|
Name: John J. Suydam Title: Attorney-in-fact |
II-6
EXHIBIT INDEX
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
1.1 | Purchase/Placement Agreement, dated as of August 2, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC and Goldman, Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC as representatives of the purchasers and placement agents named therein | |
*1.2 | Form of Underwriting Agreement | |
3.1 | Certificate of Formation of Apollo Global Management, LLC | |
3.2 | Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of Apollo Global Management, LLC dated as of July 13, 2007 | |
*4.1 | Specimen Certificate evidencing the Registrants Class A shares | |
*5.1 | Opinion of OMelveny & Myers LLP regarding validity of the Class A shares registered | |
*8.1 | Opinion of OMelveny & Myers LLP regarding certain tax matters | |
10.1 | Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Operating Agreement of AGM Management, LLC dated as of July 10, 2007 | |
10.2 | Third Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.3 | Third Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.4 | Third Amended and Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.5 | Third Amended and Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.6 | Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, Goldman Sachs & Co., J.P. Morgan Securities Inc. and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC | |
10.7 | Investor Rights Agreement, dated as of August 8, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, AGM Management, LLC and Credit Suisse Securities (USA) LLC | |
10.8 | Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan | |
10.9 |
Agreement Among Principals, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan, Joshua J. Harris, Black Family Partners, L.P., MJR Foundation LLC, AP Professional Holdings, L.P. and BRH Holdings, L.P. |
|
10.10 | Shareholders Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., BRH Holdings, L.P., Black Family Partners, L.P., MJR Foundation LLC, Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan and Joshua J. Harris | |
10.11 |
Exchange Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and the Apollo Principal Holders (as defined therein), from time to time party thereto. |
|
10.12 |
Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among APO Corp., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. and each Holder defined therein. |
|
10.13 | Credit Agreement dated as of April 20, 2007 among Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., as borrower, Apollo Management, L.P., Apollo Capital Management, L.P., Apollo International Management, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. and AAA Holdings, L.P., as guarantors, JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto. |
Exhibit Number |
Description |
|
*10.14 | Employment Agreement with Leon D. Black | |
*10.15 | Employment Agreement with Marc J. Rowan | |
*10.16 | Employment Agreement with Joshua J. Harris | |
*10.17 | Employment Agreement with Kenneth A. Vecchione | |
*10.18 | Separation Agreement with Kenneth A. Vecchione | |
*10.19 | Employment Agreement with Henry Silverman | |
10.20 | Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.21 | Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.22 | Second Amended and Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.23 | Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.24 | Second Amended and Restated Exempted Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.25 | Third Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. dated as of April 14, 2010 | |
10.26 | Settlement Agreement, dated December 14, 2008, by and among Huntsman Corporation, Jon M. Huntsman, Peter R. Huntsman, Hexion Specialty Chemicals, Inc., Hexion LLC, Nimbus Merger Sub, Inc., Craig O. Morrison, Leon Black, Joshua J. Harris and Apollo Global Management, LLC and certain of its affiliates. | |
10.27 | First Amendment and Joinder, dated as of August 18, 2009, to the Shareholders Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Apollo Global Management, LLC, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., BRH Holdings, L.P., Black Family Partners, L.P., MJR Foundation LLC, Leon D. Black, Marc J. Rowan and Joshua J. Harris | |
10.28 | Form of Indemnification Agreement | |
*10.29 | Employment Agreement with James Zelter | |
*10.30 | Roll-Up Agreement with James Zelter | |
*10.31 | Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement | |
*10.32 | Form of Restricted Share Unit Award Agreement for Bonus Grants | |
10.33 | Form of Lock-up Agreement | |
10.34 | Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan | |
*10.35 | AAA Incentive Unit Award Agreement with John Suydam | |
10.36 | First Amendment and Joinder, dated as of April 14, 2010, to the Tax Receivable Agreement | |
*10.37 | Employment Agreement with Gene Donnelly | |
*21.1 | Subsidiaries of Apollo Global Management, LLC | |
23.1 | Consent of Deloitte & Touche LLP | |
*23.2 | Consent of OMelveny & Myers LLP (included as part of Exhibit 5.1) | |
24.1 | Power of Attorney for Messrs. Black, Harris, Rowan, Silverman and Giarraputo | |
24.2 | Power of Attorney for Mr. Donnelly | |
99.1 | Consent of Duff & Phelps, LLC |
* | To be filed by amendment. |
| Previously filed. |
Exhibit 10.2
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS I, L.P.
Dated as of April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS I, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
Article I DEFINITIONS | 1 | |
Section 1.01. Definitions |
1 | |
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS | 8 | |
Section 2.01. Formation |
8 | |
Section 2.02. Name |
8 | |
Section 2.03. Term |
8 | |
Section 2.04. Offices |
8 | |
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process |
8 | |
Section 2.06. Business Purpose |
9 | |
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership |
9 | |
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners |
9 | |
Section 2.09. Withdrawal |
9 | |
Article III MANAGEMENT | 9 | |
Section 3.01. General Partner |
9 | |
Section 3.02. Compensation |
10 | |
Section 3.03. Expenses |
10 | |
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners |
10 | |
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification |
11 | |
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS | 11 | |
Section 4.01. Distributions |
11 | |
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution |
12 | |
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution |
12 | |
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS | 12 | |
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts |
12 | |
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses |
13 | |
Section 5.05. Special Allocations |
13 | |
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations |
14 | |
Section 5.07. Tax Advances |
15 | |
Section 5.08. Tax Matters |
15 | |
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions |
15 | |
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS | 16 | |
Section 6.01. Books and Records |
16 | |
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS | 16 | |
Section 7.01. Units |
16 | |
Section 7.02. Register |
17 | |
Section 7.03. Registered Partners |
17 |
i
Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS | 17 | |
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers |
17 | |
Section 8.02. Encumbrances |
18 | |
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions |
18 | |
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees |
19 | |
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals |
19 | |
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners |
19 | |
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners |
20 | |
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 20 | |
Section 9.01. No Dissolution |
20 | |
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution |
20 | |
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution |
20 | |
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation |
21 | |
Section 9.05. Termination |
21 | |
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners |
21 | |
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions |
21 | |
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 22 | |
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners |
22 | |
Section 10.02. Indemnification |
23 | |
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS | 24 | |
Section 11.01. Severability |
24 | |
Section 11.02. Notices |
24 | |
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies |
25 | |
Section 11.04. Binding Effect |
25 | |
Section 11.05. Interpretation |
25 | |
Section 11.06. Counterparts |
25 | |
Section 11.07. Further Assurances |
25 | |
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement |
25 | |
Section 11.09. Governing Law |
26 | |
Section 11.10. Expenses |
26 | |
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers |
26 | |
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries |
27 | |
Section 11.13. Headings |
27 | |
Section 11.14. Construction |
27 | |
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney |
27 | |
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules |
28 | |
Section 11.17. Partnership Status |
28 |
ii
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS I, L.P.
This THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made as of April 14, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings I GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as a limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the Limited Partnership Agreement of the Company on April 5, 2007 (the Original Agreement ) by the General Partner and Laurie Medley (the Initial Limited Partner ) and the filing of a Certificate of Limited Partnership (the Certificate ) with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on April 5, 2007;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the First Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of additional limited partners (the Original Limited Partners ) to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partner;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, pursuant to the transactions effected by a Contribution, Sale and Purchase Agreement and the Roll-Up Agreements, the Original Limited Partners transferred their limited partner interests to the current Limited Partners and the current Limited Partners were admitted to the Partnership (the Restructuring );
WHEREAS, as of October 13, 2008, the First Amended Agreement was amended and restated (the Second Amended Agreement ) to reflect the withdrawal of the Original Limited Partners and the admission of the current Limited Partners pursuant to the Restructuring; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Second Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means, the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, 6 Del. C. Section 17-101, et seq., as it may be amended from time to time.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
APO LLC means APO Asset Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Authorized Person has the meaning set forth in Section 3.01(b).
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Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(a).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the
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management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership pursuant to Section 17-402 of the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
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Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
First Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2007 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings I GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partner has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
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Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Original Limited Partners has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value
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(other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Restructuring has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Second Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
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Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as a limited partnership under the provisions of the Act by the filing on April 5, 2007 of the Certificate as provided in the recitals. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of a limited partnership under the laws of the State of Delaware, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as a limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the filing of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware shall be as set forth in the Certificate, as the same may be amended by the General Partner from time to time.
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Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the Partnership will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any officer of the General Partner, including but not limited to Wendy F. Dulman, Barry J. Giarraputo, Joseph D. Glatt, Jessica L. Lomm, Laurie D. Medley, Cindy Z. Michel, Henry R. Silverman, and John J. Suydam (each, an Authorized Person ) on its behalf, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on
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behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person on its behalf, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership under any title, including without limitation Authorized Person, that the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO LLC, with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO LLC but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer, income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO LLC and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO LLC.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. Except as required or permitted by Law, or by separate agreement with the Partnership, no Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a
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Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
(c) 2007 Distributions . The Partners acknowledge that all distributions of Distributable Cash made in 2007 were governed by Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement and the terms of such Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement, which are hereby incorporated by reference, shall govern with respect to all distributions made in 2007.
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section
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5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the - liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made
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as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset.
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Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes, except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in
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a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon dissolution and liquidation of the
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Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) Except as provided in clauses (b) and (c) of this Section 8.01, no Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
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(b) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.03, each Limited Partner may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO LLC.
(c) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.04, each Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) other than Encumbrances that run in favor of the Limited Partner unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
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(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income; gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO LLC. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn).
(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
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(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall withdraw from the Partnership and shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be dissolved, liquidated wound up and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution . The Partnership shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Partnership under Section 17-802 of the Act upon the finding that it is not reasonably practicable to carry on the business of the Partnership in conformity with this Agreement;
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO LLC;
(d) any other event not inconsistent with any provision hereof causing a dissolution of the Partnership under the Act;
(e) the Incapacity or removal of the General Partner or the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO LLC consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 120 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution . Upon dissolution, the Partnership shall not be terminated and shall continue until the winding up of the affairs of the Partnership is completed. Upon the dissolution of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person
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designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the Certificate shall have been cancelled in the manner required by the Act.
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
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ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Limited Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) Except as required by law, this Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Partners hereby eliminate, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such elimination, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto (including without limitation, the General Partner).
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will, with respect to the Partnership and the other Partners, be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected from liability to the Partnership and the other Partners in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
(e) To the fullest extent permitted by law and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or any agreement contemplated herein or otherwise applicable provision of law or equity otherwise, whenever in this Agreement the General Partner is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its sole discretion or discretion or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, such General Partner shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Partnership or the Limited Partners, or (ii) in its good faith or under another expressed standard, such General Partner shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standards.
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Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership(as modified by this Agreement).
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and
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no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings I GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
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(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings I GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings I GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
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Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (or other appropriate state court in the State of Delaware) or the federal courts located in the State of Delaware, and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further
26
exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place
27
and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as a limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (c) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (d) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (e) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS I GP, LLC | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||
Limited Partners: | APO ASSET CO., LLC | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||
By: | BRH Holdings GP, Ltd. | |||||
its general partner | ||||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President |
Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P.
Third Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.3
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS II, L.P.
Dated as of April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS II, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||||
Article I DEFINITIONS | 1 | |||||
Section 1.01. | Definitions | 1 | ||||
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS | 8 | |||||
Section 2.01. | Formation | 8 | ||||
Section 2.02. | Name | 8 | ||||
Section 2.03. | Term | 8 | ||||
Section 2.04. | Offices | 8 | ||||
Section 2.05. | Agent for Service of Process | 8 | ||||
Section 2.06. | Business Purpose | 9 | ||||
Section 2.07. | Powers of the Partnership | 9 | ||||
Section 2.08. | Partners; Admission of New Partners | 9 | ||||
Section 2.09. | Withdrawal | 9 | ||||
Article III MANAGEMENT | 9 | |||||
Section 3.01. | General Partner | 9 | ||||
Section 3.02. | Compensation | 10 | ||||
Section 3.03. | Expenses | 10 | ||||
Section 3.04. | Authority of Partners | 10 | ||||
Section 3.05. | Action by Written Consent or Ratification | 11 | ||||
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS | 11 | |||||
Section 4.01. | Distributions | 11 | ||||
Section 4.02. | Liquidation Distribution | 12 | ||||
Section 4.03. | Limitations on Distribution | 12 | ||||
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS | 12 | |||||
Section 5.01. | Initial Capital Contributions | 12 | ||||
Section 5.02. | No Additional Capital Contributions | 12 | ||||
Section 5.03. | Capital Accounts | 12 | ||||
Section 5.04. | Allocations of Profits and Losses | 13 | ||||
Section 5.05. | Special Allocations | 13 | ||||
Section 5.06. | Tax Allocations | 14 | ||||
Section 5.07. | Tax Advances | 15 | ||||
Section 5.08. | Tax Matters | 15 | ||||
Section 5.09. | Other Allocation Provisions | 15 | ||||
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS | 16 | |||||
Section 6.01. | Books and Records | 16 | ||||
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS | 16 | |||||
Section 7.01. | Units | 16 | ||||
Section 7.02. | Register | 17 | ||||
Section 7.03. | Registered Partners | 17 |
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Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS | 17 | |||||
Section 8.01. | Limited Partner Transfers | 17 | ||||
Section 8.02. | Encumbrances | 18 | ||||
Section 8.03. | Further Restrictions | 18 | ||||
Section 8.04. | Rights of Assignees | 19 | ||||
Section 8.05. | Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals | 19 | ||||
Section 8.06. | Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners | 19 | ||||
Section 8.07. | Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners | 20 | ||||
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 20 | |||||
Section 9.01. | No Dissolution | 20 | ||||
Section 9.02. | Events Causing Dissolution | 20 | ||||
Section 9.03. | Distribution upon Dissolution | 20 | ||||
Section 9.04. | Time for Liquidation | 21 | ||||
Section 9.05. | Termination | 21 | ||||
Section 9.06. | Claims of the Partners | 21 | ||||
Section 9.07. | Survival of Certain Provisions | 21 | ||||
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 22 | |||||
Section 10.01. | Liability of Partners | 22 | ||||
Section 10.02. | Indemnification | 23 | ||||
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS | 24 | |||||
Section 11.01. | Severability | 24 | ||||
Section 11.02. | Notices | 24 | ||||
Section 11.03. | Cumulative Remedies | 25 | ||||
Section 11.04. | Binding Effect | 25 | ||||
Section 11.05. | Interpretation | 25 | ||||
Section 11.06. | Counterparts | 25 | ||||
Section 11.07. | Further Assurances | 25 | ||||
Section 11.08. | Entire Agreement | 25 | ||||
Section 11.09. | Governing Law | 26 | ||||
Section 11.10. | Expenses | 26 | ||||
Section 11.11. | Amendments and Waivers | 26 | ||||
Section 11.12. | No Third Party Beneficiaries | 27 | ||||
Section 11.13. | Headings | 27 | ||||
Section 11.14. | Construction | 27 | ||||
Section 11.15. | Power of Attorney | 27 | ||||
Section 11.16. | Letter Agreements; Schedules | 28 | ||||
Section 11.17. | Partnership Status | 28 |
ii
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS II, L.P.
This THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made as of April 14, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings II GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as a limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on March 21, 2007 (the Original Agreement ) by the General Partner and the initial limited partners set forth therein (the Initial Limited Partners ) and the filing of a Certificate of Limited Partnership (the Certificate ) with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on March 21, 2007;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the First Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of additional limited partners (the Original Limited Partners ) to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partners;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, pursuant to the transactions effected by a Contribution, Sale and Purchase Agreement and the Roll-Up Agreements, the Original Limited Partners transferred their limited partner interests to the current Limited Partners and the current Limited Partners were admitted to the Partnership (the Restructuring );
WHEREAS, as of October 13, 2008, the First Amended Agreement was amended and restated (the Second Amended Agreement ) to reflect the withdrawal of the Original Limited Partners and the admission of the current Limited Partners pursuant to the Restructuring; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Second Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means, the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, 6 Del. C. Section 17-101, et seq., as it may be amended from time to time.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Authorized Person has the meaning set forth in Section 3.01(b).
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Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(b).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the
3
management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership pursuant to Section 17-402 of the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
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Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
First Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2007 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings II GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partners has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
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Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Original Limited Partners has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value
6
(other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Restructuring has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Second Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
7
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as a limited partnership under the provisions of the Act by the filing on March 21, 2007 of the Certificate as provided in the recitals. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of a limited partnership under the laws of the State of Delaware, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as a limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the filing of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware shall be as set forth in the Certificate, as the same may be amended by the General Partner from time to time.
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Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the Partnership will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any officer of the General Partner, including but not limited to Wendy F. Dulman, Barry J. Giarraputo, Joseph D. Glatt, Jessica L. Lomm, Laurie D. Medley, Cindy Z. Michel, Henry R. Silverman, and John J. Suydam (each, an Authorized Person ) on its behalf, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on
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behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person on its behalf, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership under any title, including without limitation Authorized Person, that the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO Corp., with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO Corp. but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer or APO Corp., income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO Corp. and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO Corp.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. Except as required or permitted by Law, or by separate agreement with the Partnership, no Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or
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assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount
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for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
(c) 2007 Distributions . The Partners acknowledge that all distributions of Distributable Cash made in 2007 were governed by Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement and the terms of such Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement, which are hereby incorporated by reference, shall govern with respect to all distributions made in 2007.
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to
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Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess
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of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take
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account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes, except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended
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to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to
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share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) Except as provided in clauses (b) and (c) of this Section 8.01, no Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
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(b) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.03, each Limited Partner may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO Corp.
(c) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.04, each Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) other than Encumbrances that run in favor of the Limited Partner unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
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(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income; gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO Corp. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn).
(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
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(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall withdraw from the Partnership and shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be dissolved, liquidated wound up and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution . The Partnership shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Partnership under Section 17-802 of the Act upon the finding that it is not reasonably practicable to carry on the business of the Partnership in conformity with this Agreement;
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO Corp.;
(d) any other event not inconsistent with any provision hereof causing a dissolution of the Partnership under the Act;
(e) the Incapacity or removal of the General Partner or the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO Corp. consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 120 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution . Upon dissolution, the Partnership shall not be terminated and shall continue until the winding up of the affairs of the Partnership is completed. Upon the dissolution of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person
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designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the Certificate shall have been cancelled in the manner required by the Act.
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
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ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) Except as required by law, this Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Partners hereby eliminated, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such elimination, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto (including without limitation, the General Partner).
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will, with respect to the Partnership and the other Partners, be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected from liability to the Partnership and the other Partners in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
(e) To the fullest extent permitted by law and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or any agreement contemplated herein or otherwise applicable provision of law or equity, whenever in this Agreement the General Partner is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its sole discretion or discretion or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, such General Partner shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Partnership or the Limited Partners, or (ii) in its good faith or under another expressed standard, such General Partner shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standards.
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Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership (as modified by this Agreement).
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and
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no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. |
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings II GP, LLC |
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor |
New York, NY 10019 |
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(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P. |
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings II GP, LLC |
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor |
New York, NY 10019 |
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings II GP, LLC |
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor |
New York, NY 10019 |
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
25
Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (or other appropriate state court in the State of Delaware) or the federal courts located in the State of Delaware, and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further
26
exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place
27
and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as a limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (c) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (d) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (e) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS II GP, LLC | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||
Limited Partners: | APO CORP. | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||
By: | BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., | |||||
its general partner | ||||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President |
Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P.
Third Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.4
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS III, L.P.
Dated April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS III, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
Article I DEFINITIONS |
1 | |
Section 1.01. Definitions |
1 | |
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS |
8 | |
Section 2.01. Formation |
8 | |
Section 2.02. Name |
8 | |
Section 2.03. Term |
8 | |
Section 2.04. Offices |
8 | |
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process |
8 | |
Section 2.06. Business Purpose |
9 | |
Section 2.07. Powers of the General Partner |
9 | |
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners |
9 | |
Section 2.09. Withdrawal |
9 | |
Article III MANAGEMENT |
9 | |
Section 3.01. General Partner |
9 | |
Section 3.02. Compensation |
10 | |
Section 3.03. Expenses |
10 | |
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners |
10 | |
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification |
11 | |
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS |
11 | |
Section 4.01. Distributions |
11 | |
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution |
12 | |
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution |
12 | |
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS |
12 | |
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts |
12 | |
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses |
13 | |
Section 5.05. Special Allocations |
13 | |
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations |
14 | |
Section 5.07. Tax Advances |
14 | |
Section 5.08. Tax Matters |
15 | |
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions |
15 | |
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS |
16 | |
Section 6.01. Books and Records |
16 | |
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS |
16 | |
Section 7.01. Units |
16 | |
Section 7.02. Register |
17 | |
Section 7.03. Registered Partners |
17 |
i
Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS | 17 | |
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers |
17 | |
Section 8.02. Encumbrances |
18 | |
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions |
18 | |
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees |
18 | |
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals |
19 | |
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners |
19 | |
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners |
19 | |
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 20 | |
Section 9.01. No Dissolution |
20 | |
Section 9.02. Events Causing Winding Up |
20 | |
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Winding Up |
20 | |
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation |
21 | |
Section 9.05. Termination |
21 | |
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners |
21 | |
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions |
21 | |
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 21 | |
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners |
21 | |
Section 10.02. Indemnification |
22 | |
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS | 23 | |
Section 11.01. Severability |
23 | |
Section 11.02. Notices |
24 | |
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies |
24 | |
Section 11.04. Binding Effect |
24 | |
Section 11.05. Interpretation |
24 | |
Section 11.06. Counterparts |
24 | |
Section 11.07. Further Assurances |
25 | |
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement |
25 | |
Section 11.09. Governing Law |
25 | |
Section 11.10. Expenses |
25 | |
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers |
25 | |
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries |
26 | |
Section 11.13. Headings |
27 | |
Section 11.14. Construction |
27 | |
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney |
27 | |
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules |
27 | |
Section 11.17. Partnership Status |
28 |
ii
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS III, L.P.
This THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made on the 14 th day of April, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings III GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the initial Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on April 10, 2007 (the Original Agreement ) by Apollo Principal Holdings III GP, Ltd., as general partner, and Sheryl Dean, as limited partner (the Initial Limited Partner );
WHEREAS, the Partnership was registered as an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands as evidenced by the certificate of registration (the Certificate ) dated April 10, 2007;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the First Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of additional limited partners (the Original Limited Partners ) to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partner;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, pursuant to the transactions effected by a Contribution, Sale and Purchase Agreement and the Roll-Up Agreements, the Original Limited Partners transferred their limited partner interests to the current Limited Partners and the current Limited Partners were admitted to the Partnership (the Restructuring );
WHEREAS, on September 30, 2008, the First Amended Agreement was amended and restated (the Second Amended Agreement ) to reflect the withdrawal of the Original Limited Partners and the admission of the current Limited Partners pursuant to the Restructuring; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Second Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01 . Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means the Exempted Limited Partnership Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
APO LLC means APO Asset Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
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Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(a).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the
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management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership for any of the reasons set out under the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
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Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
First Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2007 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings III GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partner has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
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Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Original Limited Partners has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value
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(other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Restructuring has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Second Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
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Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01 . Formation . The Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership under the provisions of the Act on April 10, 2007. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as an exempted limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02 . Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P.
Section 2.03 . Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the issuance of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the winding up and dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04 . Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05 . Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered office and registered agent for service of process in the Cayman Islands shall be Walkers Corporate Services Limited, Walker House, 87 Mary Street, George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-9005, Cayman Islands or as otherwise determined by the General Partner from time to time.
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Section 2.06 . Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which exempted limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07 . Powers of the General Partner . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the General Partner will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08 . Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart or instrument of adherence to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09 . Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01 . General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the
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Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership that the General Partner deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
Section 3.02 . Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03 . Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO LLC, with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO LLC but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer, income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO LLC and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO LLC.
Section 3.04 . Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. No Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
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Section 3.05 . Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01 . Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the
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Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
(c) 2007 Distributions . The Partners acknowledge that all distributions of Distributable Cash made in 2007 were governed by Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement and the terms of such Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement, which are hereby incorporated by reference, shall govern with respect to all distributions made in 2007.
Section 4.02 . Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
Section 4.03 . Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01 . Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02 . No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03 . Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from
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time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04 . Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.05 . Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is
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obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06 . Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07 . Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with
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respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08 . Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes, except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09 . Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
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ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01 . Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney (if applicable) pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01 . Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon the winding up, liquidation and dissolution of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange;
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(vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02 . Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03 . Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01 . Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) No Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Subject to Section 8.03, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO LLC.
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(c) Subject to Section 8.04, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units by a Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02 . Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03 . Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04 . Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other
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rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05 . Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO LLC. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn). The outgoing General Partner shall execute such documents as must be filed with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands to reflect a change in the General Partner.
(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06 . Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07 . Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
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ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01 . No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be wound up, liquidated, dissolved, and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a winding up and/or dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02 . Events Causing Winding Up . The Partnership shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) an order of the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands pursuant to the Act;
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO LLC;
(d) any other event expressly set out in the Act not inconsistent with any provision hereof requiring the Partnership to be wound up and dissolved;
(e) the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO LLC consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 90 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03 . Distribution upon Winding Up . Upon the commencement of the winding up of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof and otherwise in accordance with Section 15(1) of the Act (to the extent applicable) and this Agreement. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any
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Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04 . Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05 . Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the General Partner or the Liquidation Agent (as applicable) shall then file a notice of dissolution with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands.
Section 9.06 . Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07 . Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01 . Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) This Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Limited Partners hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Limited Partners hereby waive any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such waiver, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
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(c) Subject to the Act, to the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto.
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
Section 10.02 . Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership or as otherwise required by law.
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be
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in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01 . Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
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Section 11.02 . Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) If to the Partnership, to:
Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings III GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(b) If to any Limited Partner, to:
Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings III GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) If to the General Partner, to:
Apollo Principal Holdings III GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03 . Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04 . Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05 . Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06 . Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the
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different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07 . Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
Section 11.08 . Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09 . Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the courts of the Cayman Islands. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10 . Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11 . Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization
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or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12 . No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
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Section 11.13 . Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14 . Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
Section 11.15 . Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) this Agreement and any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) the original certificate of registration of the Partnership and all amendments thereto required or permitted by law or the provisions of this Agreement; (c) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as an exempted limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (d) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (e) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (f) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16 . Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
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Section 11.17 . Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes. The General Partner shall file a Form 8832 with the Internal Revenue Service electing for the Partnership to be classified as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as a deed of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS III GP, LTD. | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||||
Limited Partners: | APO ASSET CO., LLC | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||
By: | BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., | |||||
its general partner | ||||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P.
Third Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.5
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IV, L.P.
Dated April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IV, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||
Article I DEFINITIONS | 1 | |||
Section 1.01. |
Definitions | 1 | ||
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS | 8 | |||
Section 2.01. |
Formation | 8 | ||
Section 2.02. |
Name | 8 | ||
Section 2.03. |
Term | 8 | ||
Section 2.04. |
Offices | 8 | ||
Section 2.05. |
Agent for Service of Process | 8 | ||
Section 2.06. |
Business Purpose | 8 | ||
Section 2.07. |
Powers of the General Partner | 9 | ||
Section 2.08. |
Partners; Admission of New Partners | 9 | ||
Section 2.09. |
Withdrawal | 9 | ||
Article III MANAGEMENT | 9 | |||
Section 3.01. |
General Partner | 9 | ||
Section 3.02. |
Compensation | 10 | ||
Section 3.03. |
Expenses | 10 | ||
Section 3.04. |
Authority of Partners | 10 | ||
Section 3.05. |
Action by Written Consent or Ratification | 10 | ||
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS | 11 | |||
Section 4.01. |
Distributions | 11 | ||
Section 4.02. |
Liquidation Distribution | 12 | ||
Section 4.03. |
Limitations on Distribution | 12 | ||
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS | 12 | |||
Section 5.01. |
Initial Capital Contributions | 12 | ||
Section 5.02. |
No Additional Capital Contributions | 12 | ||
Section 5.03. |
Capital Accounts | 12 | ||
Section 5.04. |
Allocations of Profits and Losses | 13 | ||
Section 5.05. |
Special Allocations | 13 | ||
Section 5.06. |
Tax Allocations | 14 | ||
Section 5.07. |
Tax Advances | 14 | ||
Section 5.08. |
Tax Matters | 15 | ||
Section 5.09. |
Other Allocation Provisions | 15 | ||
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS | 16 | |||
Section 6.01. |
Books and Records | 16 | ||
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS | 16 | |||
Section 7.01. |
Units | 16 | ||
Section 7.02. |
Register | 17 | ||
Section 7.03. |
Registered Partners | 17 |
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Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS | 17 | |||
Section 8.01. |
Limited Partner Transfers | 17 | ||
Section 8.02. |
Encumbrances | 18 | ||
Section 8.03. |
Further Restrictions | 18 | ||
Section 8.04. |
Rights of Assignees | 18 | ||
Section 8.05. |
Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals | 19 | ||
Section 8.06. |
Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners | 19 | ||
Section 8.07. |
Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners | 19 | ||
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 20 | |||
Section 9.01. |
No Dissolution | 20 | ||
Section 9.02. |
Events Causing Winding Up | 20 | ||
Section 9.03. |
Distribution upon Winding Up | 20 | ||
Section 9.04. |
Time for Liquidation | 21 | ||
Section 9.05. |
Termination | 21 | ||
Section 9.06. |
Claims of the Partners | 21 | ||
Section 9.07. |
Survival of Certain Provisions | 21 | ||
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 21 | |||
Section 10.01. |
Liability of Partners | 21 | ||
Section 10.02. |
Indemnification | 22 | ||
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS | 23 | |||
Section 11.01. |
Severability | 23 | ||
Section 11.02. |
Notices | 24 | ||
Section 11.03. |
Cumulative Remedies | 24 | ||
Section 11.04. |
Binding Effect | 24 | ||
Section 11.05. |
Interpretation | 24 | ||
Section 11.06. |
Counterparts | 24 | ||
Section 11.07. |
Further Assurances | 25 | ||
Section 11.08. |
Entire Agreement | 25 | ||
Section 11.09. |
Governing Law | 25 | ||
Section 11.10. |
Expenses | 25 | ||
Section 11.11. |
Amendments and Waivers | 25 | ||
Section 11.12. |
No Third Party Beneficiaries | 26 | ||
Section 11.13. |
Headings | 27 | ||
Section 11.14. |
Construction | 27 | ||
Section 11.15. |
Power of Attorney | 27 | ||
Section 11.16. |
Letter Agreements; Schedules | 27 | ||
Section 11.17. |
Partnership Status | 28 |
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THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IV, L.P.
This THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made on the 14 th day of April, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings IV GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the initial Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on April 30, 2007 (the Original Agreement ) by Apollo Principal Holdings IV GP, Ltd., as general partner, and Sheryl Dean, as limited partner (the Initial Limited Partner );
WHEREAS, the Partnership was registered as an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands as evidenced by the certificate of registration (the Certificate ) dated April 30, 2007;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the First Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of additional limited partners (the Original Limited Partners ) to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partner;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, pursuant to the transactions effected by a Contribution, Sale and Purchase Agreement and the Roll-Up Agreements, the Original Limited Partners transferred their limited partner interests to the current Limited Partners and the current Limited Partners were admitted to the Partnership (the Restructuring );
WHEREAS, on September 30, 2008, the First Amended Agreement was amended and restated (the Second Amended Agreement ) to reflect the withdrawal of the Original Limited Partners and the admission of the current Limited Partners pursuant to the Restructuring; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Second Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means the Exempted Limited Partnership Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
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Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(a).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
3
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership for any of the reasons set out under the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
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First Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2007 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings IV GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partner has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the
5
Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Original Limited Partners has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value (other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such
6
taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Restructuring has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Second Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
7
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership under the provisions of the Act on April 30, 2007. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as an exempted limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the issuance of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the winding up and dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered office and registered agent for service of process in the Cayman Islands shall be Walkers Corporate Services Limited, Walker House, 87 Mary Street, George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-9005, Cayman Islands or as otherwise determined by the General Partner from time to time.
Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which exempted limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
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Section 2.07. Powers of the General Partner . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the General Partner will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart or instrument of adherence to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the
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Partnership, acting by the General Partner, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership that the General Partner deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO Corp., with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO Corp. but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer or APO Corp., income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO Corp. and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO Corp.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. No Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
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ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the
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Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
(c) 2007 Distributions . The Partners acknowledge that all distributions of Distributable Cash made in 2007 were governed by Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement and the terms of such Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement, which are hereby incorporated by reference, shall govern with respect to all distributions made in 2007.
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
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Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as
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possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would
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otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes, except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
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ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney (if applicable) pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon the winding up, liquidation and dissolution of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of
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the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) No Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Subject to Section 8.03, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO Corp.
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(c) Subject to Section 8.04, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units by a Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other
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rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO Corp. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn). The outgoing General Partner shall execute such documents as must be filed with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands to reflect a change in the General Partner.
(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
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ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be wound up, liquidated, dissolved, and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a winding up and/or dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Winding Up . The Partnership shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) an order of the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands pursuant to the Act;
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO Corp.;
(d) any other event expressly set out in the Act not inconsistent with any provision hereof requiring the Partnership to be wound up and dissolved;
(e) the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO Corp. consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 90 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Winding Up . Upon the commencement of the winding up of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof and otherwise in accordance with Section 15(1) of the Act (to the extent applicable) and this Agreement. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any
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Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the General Partner or the Liquidation Agent (as applicable) shall then file a notice of dissolution with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands.
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) This Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Limited Partners hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Limited Partners hereby waive any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such waiver, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
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(c) Subject to the Act, to the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto.
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership or as otherwise required by law.
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be
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in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
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Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings IV GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings IV GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings IV GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the
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different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the courts of the Cayman Islands. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization
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or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
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Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) this Agreement and any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) the original certificate of registration of the Partnership and all amendments thereto required or permitted by law or the provisions of this Agreement; (c) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as an exempted limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (d) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (e) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (f) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
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Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes. The General Partner shall file a Form 8832 with the Internal Revenue Service electing for the Partnership to be classified as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as a deed of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IV GP, LTD. | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President |
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
Limited Partners: | APO CORP. | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President |
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||
By: |
BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., its general partner |
|||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President |
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P.
Third Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.8
Originally Adopted October 23, 2007
As Amended as of March 31, 2008 and March 13, 2009
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
2007 OMNIBUS EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
Section 1. Purpose of Plan.
The name of this plan is the Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan. The purpose of the Plan is to provide additional incentive to selected employees, directors, and other service providers of the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as hereinafter defined) whose contributions are integral to the growth and success of the Companys business, in order to strengthen the commitment of such persons to the Company and its Subsidiaries and Affiliates, motivate such persons to faithfully and diligently perform their responsibilities and attract and retain competent and dedicated persons whose efforts shall result in the long-term growth and profitability of the Company. To accomplish such purposes, the Plan provides that the Company may (or may cause a Subsidiary or Affiliate to) grant (a) Options, (b) Share Appreciation Rights, (c) Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards, or (d) any combination of the foregoing.
Section 2. Definitions.
For purposes of the Plan, the following terms shall be defined as set forth below:
(a) Administrator means the Board, or if and to the extent the Board does not administer the Plan, the Committee in accordance with Section 3 hereof.
(b) Affiliate means, with respect to any Person, any other Person that directly or indirectly through one or more intermediaries controls, is controlled by or is under common control with the Person in question. As used herein, control means the possession, direct or indirect, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through ownership of voting securities, by contract or otherwise.
(c) AOG means the Apollo Operating Group.
(d) AOG Unit refers to a unit in the Apollo Operating Group, which represents one limited partnership interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such AOG Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization.
(e) Apollo Operating Group means (i) Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for Apollo carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management) and (ii) any such Apollo carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management) and receiving management fees, incentive fees, fees paid by Portfolio Companies, carry or other remuneration which are not Subsidiaries of the Persons described in clause (i), excluding any Funds and any Portfolio Companies.
(f) Award means, individually or collectively, any Option, Share Appreciation Right, Restricted Share, Restricted Share Unit, Performance Share, unrestricted Share or Other Share-Based Award granted under the Plan.
(g) Award Agreement means any written agreement, contract or other instrument or document evidencing an Award.
(h) A Beneficial Owner of a security is a Person who directly or indirectly, through any contract, arrangement, understanding, relationship or otherwise has or shares: (i) voting power, which includes the power to vote, or to direct the voting of, such security, and/or (ii) investment power, which includes the power to dispose, or to direct the disposition of, such security. The term Beneficially Own shall have a correlative meaning.
(i) Board means AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and the sole manager of the Company, except that at such time as AGM Management, LLC ceases to have all management powers over the business and affairs of the Company in accordance with Section 6.1 of the LLC Agreement, the Board shall mean the Board of Directors of the Company.
(j) Cause means, unless otherwise provided in an applicable Award Agreement, a termination of employment or service, based upon a finding by the Company, acting in good faith, after the occurrence of any of the following: (1) the Participant is convicted or charged with a criminal offense; (2) the Participants intentional violation of law in connection with any transaction involving the purchase, sale, loan or other disposition of, or the rendering of investment advice with respect to, any security, futures or forward contract, insurance contract, debt instrument, financial instrument or currency; (3) the Participants dishonesty, bad faith, gross negligence, willful misconduct, fraud or willful or reckless disregard of duties in connection with the performance of any services on behalf of the Company or any of its Affiliates or the Participants engagement in conduct which is injurious to the Company or any of its Affiliates, monetarily or otherwise; (4) the Participants intentional failure to comply with any reasonable directive by a supervisor in connection with the performance of any services on behalf of the Company of any of its Affiliates; (5) the Participants intentional breach of any material provision of an Award Agreement or any other agreements of the Company or any of its Affiliates; (6) the Participants material violation of any written policies adopted by the Company or any of its Affiliates governing the conduct of persons performing services on behalf of the Company or such Affiliate or the Participants non-adherence to Apollos policies and procedures or other applicable Apollo compliance manuals; (7) the taking of or omission to take any action that has caused or substantially contributed to a material deterioration in the business or reputation of the Company or any of its Affiliates, or that was otherwise materially disruptive of their business or affairs; provided, however, that the term Cause shall not include for this purpose any mistake of judgment made in good faith with respect to any transaction respecting a portfolio investment or account managed by the Company; (8) the failure by the Participant to devote a significant portion of time to performing services as an agent of the Company without the prior written consent of the Company, other than by reason of death or Disability; (9) the obtaining by the Participant of any material improper personal benefit as a result of a breach by the Participant of any covenant or agreement (including, without limitation, a breach by the Participant of the Companys code of ethics or a material breach by the Participant of other written policies furnished to the Participant relating to personal investment transactions or of any covenant, agreement, representation or warranty contained in any limited partnership agreement); or (10) the Participants suspension or other disciplinary action against the Participant by an applicable regulatory authority; provided, however, that if a failure, breach, violation or action or omission described in any of clauses (4) to (7) is capable of being cured, the Participant has failed to do so after being given notice and a reasonable opportunity to cure. As used in this definition, material means more than de minimis .
(k) Change in Capitalization means any (i) merger, consolidation, reclassification, recapitalization, spin-off, spin-out, repurchase or other reorganization or corporate transaction or event, (ii) distribution (whether in the form of cash, Shares, or other property), share split or reverse share split, (iii) combination or exchange of shares, (iv) other change in structure, or (v) declaration of a distribution, which the Administrator determines, in its sole discretion, affects the Shares such that an adjustment pursuant to Section 5 hereof is appropriate.
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(l) Class A Shares means the Class A Shares of the Company.
(m) Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended and in effect from time to time. Any reference herein to a specific section or sections of the Code shall be deemed to include a reference to any corresponding provision of any successor law.
(n) Committee means the Board or any committee or subcommittee the Board may appoint to administer the Plan from time to time. Unless otherwise determined by the Board, the Committee shall be composed entirely of individuals who meet the qualifications of an outside director within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code, a non-employee director within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act and any other qualifications required by the applicable stock exchange on which the Shares are traded. If at any time or to any extent the Board shall not administer the Plan, then the functions of the Administrator specified in the Plan shall be exercised by the Committee. Except as otherwise provided in the LLC Agreement, as amended from time to time, any action of the Committee with respect to the administration of the Plan shall be taken by a majority vote at a meeting at which a quorum is duly constituted or by unanimous written consent of the Committees members.
(o) Company means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, and any successors thereto.
(p) Consultant means a consultant or advisor who is a natural person, engaged to render bona fide services to the Company or any Subsidiary.
(q) Disability shall have the meaning provided under Section 409A(a)(2)(C) of the Code. Notwithstanding the foregoing or any other provision of this Plan, the definition of Disability (or any analogous term) in an Award Agreement shall supersede the foregoing definition; provided, however, that if no definition of Disability or any analogous term is set forth in such agreement, the foregoing definition shall apply.
(r) Eligible Recipient means an employee, director, partner or Consultant of the Company, any Subsidiary or Affiliate who has been selected as an eligible participant by the Administrator.
(s) Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(t) Exercise Price means the per share price (if any) at which a holder of an Award granted hereunder may purchase the Shares issuable upon exercise of such Award.
(u) Fair Market Value as of a particular date shall mean the fair market value as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion; provided, however, (i) if the Share or other security is admitted to trading on a national securities exchange, on the private over-the-counter market for Tradable Unregistered Equity Securities developed by Goldman, Sachs & Co. ( GS TrUE ) or on a substantially similar over-the-counter market, the fair market value on any date shall be the closing sale price reported on such date, or (ii) if the Share or other security is then traded in an over-the-counter market that, as determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion, is not substantially similar to GS TrUE, the fair market value on any date shall be the average of the closing bid and asked prices for such share in such over-the-counter market for the last preceding date on which there was a sale of such share in such market.
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(v) Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries.
(w) Investment shall mean any investment (or similar term describing the results of the deployment of capital) as defined in the governing document of any Fund managed (directly or indirectly) by a member of the Apollo Operating Group.
(x) LLC Agreement means the Amended and Restated Limited Liability Company Agreement of Apollo Global Management, LLC, as amended from time to time.
(y) LTIP Units means Awards issued with respect to AOG Units, as more fully described in Section 10.
(z) Option means an option to purchase Shares granted pursuant to Section 7 hereof.
(aa) Other Share-Based Awards means a right or other interest granted to a Participant under the Plan that may be denominated or payable in, valued in whole or in part by reference to, or otherwise based on or related to, Shares, including but not limited to restricted units, distribution equivalent rights, LTIP Units or performance units, each of which may be subject to the attainment of Performance Goals or a period of continued employment or other terms or conditions as permitted under the Plan.
(bb) Participant means any Eligible Recipient selected by the Administrator, pursuant to the Administrators authority in Section 3 below, to receive grants of Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Awards of Restricted Shares, Awards of unrestricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, Other Share-Based Awards or any combination of the foregoing, and upon his or her death, his or her successors, heirs, executors and administrators, as the case may be.
(cc) Performance Goals means performance goals based on one or more of the following criteria: (i) earnings including operating income, earnings before or after taxes, earnings before or after interest, depreciation, amortization, or extraordinary or special items or book value per share (which may exclude nonrecurring items); (ii) pre-tax income, after-tax income, or economic net income; (iii) earnings per Share (basic or diluted); (iv) operating profit; (v) distributable earnings; (vi) revenue, revenue growth or rate of revenue growth; (vii) return on assets (gross or net), return on investment, return on capital, or return on equity; (vii) returns on sales or revenues; (ix) operating expenses; (x) share price appreciation; (xi) cash flow, free cash flow, cash flow return on investment (discounted or otherwise), net cash provided by operations, or cash flow in excess of cost of capital; (xii) implementation or completion of critical projects or processes; (xiii) economic value created; (xiv) cumulative earnings per share growth; (xv) operating margin or profit margin; (xvi) Share price or total shareholder return; (xvii) cost targets, reductions and savings, productivity and efficiencies; (xviii) strategic business criteria, consisting of one or more objectives based on meeting specified market penetration, geographic business expansion, investor satisfaction, employee satisfaction, human resources management, supervision of litigation, information technology, and goals relating to acquisitions, divestitures, joint ventures and similar transactions, and budget comparisons; (xix) personal professional objectives, including any of the foregoing performance goals, the implementation of policies and plans, the negotiation of transactions, the development of long term business goals, formation of joint ventures, research or development collaborations, and the completion of other corporate transactions; and (xx) any combination of, or a specified increase in, any of the foregoing. Where applicable, the Performance Goals may be expressed in terms of attaining a specified level of the particular criteria or the attainment of a percentage increase or decrease in the particular criteria, and may be applied to one or more of the Company, a Subsidiary or Affiliate, or a division or strategic business unit of the Company, or may be applied to the performance of
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the Company relative to a market index, a group of other companies or a combination thereof, all as determined by the Committee. The Performance Goals may include a threshold level of performance below which no payment shall be made (or no vesting shall occur), levels of performance at which specified payments shall be made (or specified vesting shall occur), and a maximum level of performance above which no additional payment shall be made (or at which full vesting shall occur). Each of the foregoing Performance Goals shall not be required to be determined in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and shall be subject to certification by the Committee; provided that the Committee shall have the authority to make equitable adjustments to the Performance Goals in recognition of unusual or non-recurring events affecting the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate or the financial statements of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate, in response to changes in applicable laws or regulations, or to account for items of gain, loss or expense determined to be extraordinary or unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence or related to the disposal of a segment of a business or related to a change in accounting principles.
(dd) Performance Shares means Shares that are subject to restrictions based upon the attainment of specified performance objectives granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(ee) Person means any individual, corporation, firm, partnership, joint venture, limited liability company, estate, trust, business association, organization, Governmental Entity or other entity.
(ff) Plan means this Apollo Global Management, LLC 2007 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan, as the same may be amended, modified or supplemented from time to time.
(gg) Portfolio Company means any Person in which any Fund owns an Investment.
(hh) Restricted Shares means Shares subject to certain restrictions granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(ii) Restricted Share Units means the right to receive Shares at the end of a specified period, or upon specified dates, granted pursuant to Section 9 below.
(jj) Retirement means a termination of a Participants employment, other than for Cause, on or after attainment of age 65.
(kk) SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
(ll) Section 409A means Section 409A of the Code and U.S. Department of Treasury regulations and interpretative guidance issued thereunder.
(mm) Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, supplemented or restated from time to time and any successor to such statute, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
(nn) Shares means the Companys Class A Shares (as specified in the applicable Award Agreement) reserved for issuance under the Plan, as adjusted pursuant to the Plan, and any successor (pursuant to a merger, consolidation or other reorganization) security.
(oo) Share Appreciation Right means the right pursuant to an Award granted under Section 8 below to receive an amount equal to the excess, if any, of (i) the aggregate Fair Market Value, as of the date such Share Appreciation Right or portion thereof is surrendered, of the Shares covered by such right or such portion thereof, over (ii) the aggregate Exercise Price of such right or such portion thereof.
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(pp) Subsidiary means, with respect to any Person, as of any date of determination, any other Person as to which such Person owns or otherwise controls, directly or indirectly, more than 50% of the voting shares or other similar interests or a sole general partner interest or managing member or similar interest of such Person.
Section 3. Administration.
(a) The Plan shall be administered by the Administrator and shall be administered in accordance with the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code (but only to the extent necessary and desirable to maintain qualification of Awards under the Plan under Section 162(m) of the Code) and, to the extent applicable, Rule 16b-3 under the Exchange Act ( Rule 16b-3 ).
(b) Pursuant to the terms of the Plan, the Administrator, subject, in the case of any Committee, to any restrictions on the authority delegated to it by the Board, shall have the power and authority, without limitation:
(1) to select those Eligible Recipients who shall be Participants;
(2) to determine whether and to what extent Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, Other Share-Based Awards or a combination of any of the foregoing, are to be granted hereunder to Participants;
(3) to determine the number of Shares to be covered by each Award granted hereunder;
(4) to determine the terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, which shall govern all written instruments evidencing Options, Share Appreciation Rights, Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, Other Share-Based Awards or any combination of the foregoing granted hereunder (including, but not limited to, (i) the restrictions applicable to Awards and the conditions under which restrictions applicable to such Awards shall lapse, (ii) the performance goals and periods applicable to Awards of Performance Shares, (iii) the Exercise Price, if any, of Awards, (iv) the vesting schedule (and, for unit Awards, Share issuance schedule) applicable to Awards, (v) the terms upon which Awards may be forfeited, (vi) the number of Shares subject to Awards, and (vii) any amendments or modifications to the terms and conditions of outstanding Awards, including, but not limited to reducing the Exercise Price of such Awards, extending the exercise period of such Awards and accelerating the vesting schedule of such Awards);
(5) to determine the Fair Market Value with respect to any Award;
(6) to determine the duration and purpose of leaves of absence which may be granted to a Participant without constituting a termination of the Participants employment for purposes of Options granted under the Plan;
(7) to adopt, alter and repeal such administrative rules, guidelines and practices governing the Plan as it shall from time to time deem advisable;
(8) to construe and interpret the terms and provisions of the Plan and any Award issued under the Plan (and any Award Agreement relating thereto), and to otherwise supervise the administration of the Plan and to exercise all powers and authorities either specifically granted under the Plan or necessary and advisable in the administration of the Plan;
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(9) to delegate its authority, in whole or in part, under this Section 3 to two or more individuals (who may or may not be members of the Board), subject to the requirements of applicable law or any stock exchange on which the Shares are traded;
(10) to determine the manner and timing of sales or other dispositions of Shares received pursuant to an Award, including by requiring that any such disposition occur on a date or dates designated by the Company or Administrator and/or pursuant to a block trade; and
(11) to determine at any time whether, to what extent and under what circumstances and method or methods (including in the form of cash or other property) Awards may be settled by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates. In the event of such determination, references to the Company shall be deemed to be references to the applicable Subsidiary or Affiliate for purposes of the Plan as appropriate.
(c) All decisions made by the Administrator pursuant to the provisions of the Plan shall be final, conclusive and binding on all persons, including the Company and the Participants. No member of the Board or the Committee, nor any officer or employee of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate acting on behalf of the Board or the Committee, shall be personally liable for any action, omission, determination or interpretation taken or made in good faith with respect to the Plan, and all members of the Board or the Committee and each and any officer or employee of the Company and of any Subsidiary or Affiliate acting on their behalf shall, to the maximum extent permitted by law, be fully indemnified and protected by the Company in respect of any such action, omission, determination or interpretation.
Section 4. Shares Reserved for Issuance Under the Plan.
(a) Subject to Section 5 hereof, the maximum number of Shares that may be delivered pursuant to Awards granted under the Plan (the Share Limit ) shall be 52,950,000 shares, subject to adjustment as provided herein, as increased on the first day of each fiscal year beginning in calendar year 2008 by a number of Class A Shares equal to the lesser of (x) the excess of (i) 15% of the number of outstanding Class A shares of the Company and those AOG Units that are exchangeable for Class A Shares of the Company on the last day of the immediately preceding fiscal year over (ii) the number of Class A Shares reserved and available for issuance under the Plan as of such date, or (y) such lesser amount as the Administrator may decide to increase the number of Class A Shares by as of such date. For purposes of clause (ii) of the immediately preceding sentence, the number of Class A Shares reserved and available for issuance under the Plan shall be determined net of the number of Shares covered by Awards approved by the Administrator during the fiscal year ending on such date. From and after such time as the Plan is subject to Code Section 162(m), the aggregate Awards granted during any fiscal year to any single individual who is likely to be a covered employee as defined under Code Section 162(m) shall not exceed (i) 3,000,000 shares subject to Options or Share Appreciation Rights or (ii) 3,000,000 shares subject to Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted Shares or Other Share-Based Awards. Determinations made in respect of the limitation set forth in the immediately preceding sentence shall be made in a manner consistent with Section 162(m) of the Code.
(b) Shares issued under the Plan may, in whole or in part, be authorized but unissued Shares or Shares that shall have been or may be reacquired by the Company or an Affiliate or Subsidiary in the open market, in private transactions or otherwise. If any Shares subject to an Award are forfeited, cancelled, exchanged or surrendered or if an Award otherwise terminates or expires without a distribution of shares to the Participant, the Shares with respect to such Award shall, to the extent of any such forfeiture, cancellation, exchange, surrender, termination or expiration, again be available for Awards under the Plan.
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Section 5. Equitable Adjustments.
In the event of any Change in Capitalization, an equitable substitution or proportionate adjustment shall be made, in each case, in the manner to be determined by the Administrator, in (i) the aggregate number of Shares reserved for issuance under the Plan and the maximum number of Shares that may be subject to Awards granted to any Participant in any calendar or fiscal year, (ii) the kind, number and Exercise Price subject to outstanding Options and Share Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan, and (iii) the kind, number and purchase price of Shares subject to outstanding Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units, Performance Shares, unrestricted shares or Other Share-Based Awards granted under the Plan; provided, however, that any fractional shares resulting from the adjustment shall be eliminated. Equitable substitutions or adjustments shall also be made if the Administrator determines in its sole discretion that such adjustment is necessary in order to avoid an adverse impact on the value of any outstanding Award granted hereunder. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, in connection with a Change in Capitalization, the Administrator shall take such action as is necessary to adjust the outstanding Awards to reflect the Change in Capitalization, including, but not limited to, the cancellation of any outstanding Award granted hereunder in exchange for payment in cash or other property of the aggregate Fair Market Value of the Shares covered by such Award under the circumstances (to the extent then vested), reduced by the aggregate Exercise Price or purchase price thereof, if any. The Administrators determinations pursuant to this Section 5 shall be final, binding and conclusive.
Section 6. Eligibility.
The Participants under the Plan shall be selected from time to time by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, from among Eligible Recipients.
Section 7. Options.
(a) General . Each Participant who is granted an Option shall enter into an Award Agreement with the Company, containing such terms and conditions as the Administrator shall determine, in its discretion, which Award Agreement shall set forth, among other things, the Exercise Price of the Option, the term of the Option and provisions regarding exercisability of the Option granted thereunder. The provisions of each Option need not be the same with respect to each Participant. More than one Option may be granted to the same Participant and be outstanding concurrently hereunder. Options granted under the Plan shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in this Section 7 and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable and set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(b) Exercise Price . The Exercise Price of Shares purchasable under an Option shall be determined by the Administrator in its sole discretion at the time of grant, provided that the Exercise Price of any Option intended to qualify as performance-based compensation under Section 162(m) of the Code shall not be less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of the Shares on the date of grant.
(c) Option Term . The maximum term of each Option shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Option shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such Option is granted. Each Options term is subject to earlier expiration pursuant to the applicable provisions in the Plan and the Award Agreement. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator shall have the authority to accelerate the exercisability of any outstanding Option at such time and under such circumstances as it, in its sole discretion, deems appropriate.
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(d) Exercisability . Each Option shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions, including the attainment of preestablished corporate performance goals, as shall be determined by the Administrator in the applicable Award Agreement. The Administrator may also provide that any Option shall be exercisable only in installments, and the Administrator may waive such installment exercise provisions at any time, in whole or in part, based on such factors as the Administrator may determine in its sole discretion. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, an Option may not be exercised for a fraction of a share.
(e) Method of Exercise . Options may be exercised in whole or in part by giving written notice of exercise to the Company specifying the number of Shares to be purchased, accompanied by payment in full of the aggregate Exercise Price of the Shares so purchased in cash or its equivalent, as determined by the Administrator. As determined by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, with respect to any Option or category of Options, payment in whole or in part may also be made (i) by means of consideration received under any cashless exercise procedure approved by the Administrator (including the withholding of Shares otherwise issuable upon exercise), (ii) in the form of unrestricted Shares already owned by the Participant which, (x) in the case of unrestricted Shares acquired upon exercise of an Option, have been owned by the Participant for more than six months on the date of surrender, and (y) have a Fair Market Value on the date of surrender equal to the aggregate option price of the Shares as to which such Option shall be exercised, (iii) any other form of consideration approved by the Administrator and permitted by applicable law or (iv) any combination of the foregoing.
(f) Rights as Shareholder . A Participant shall have no rights to distributions or any other rights of a shareholder with respect to the Shares subject to an Option until the Participant has given written notice of exercise, has paid in full for such Shares, has satisfied the requirements of Section 13 hereof and, if requested, has given the representation described in paragraph (b) of Section 14 hereof or in the applicable Award Agreement.
(g) Transfers of Options . Except as otherwise determined by the Administrator, no Option granted under the Plan shall be transferable by a Participant other than by the laws of descent and distribution. Unless otherwise determined by the Administrator in accordance with the provisions of the immediately preceding sentence, an Option may be exercised, during the lifetime of the Participant, only by the Participant or, during the period the Participant is under a legal disability, by the Participants guardian or legal representative. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, subject to applicable law, permit the gratuitous transfer during a Participants lifetime of an Option, (i) by gift to a member of the Participants immediate family, (ii) by transfer by instrument to a trust for the benefit of such immediate family members, or (iii) to a partnership or limited liability company in which such family members are the only partners or members; provided, however, that, in addition to such other terms and conditions as the Administrator may determine in connection with any such transfer, no transferee may further assign, sell, hypothecate or otherwise transfer the transferred Option, in whole or in part, other than by operation of the laws of descent and distribution. Each permitted transferee shall agree to be bound by the provisions of this Plan and the applicable Award Agreement.
(h) Termination of Employment or Service .
(1) Unless the applicable Award Agreement provides otherwise, in the event that the employment or service of a Participant with the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate shall terminate for any reason other than Cause, Retirement, Disability, or death, (A) if such termination occurs before the effectiveness of the registration of the Companys Shares in accordance with the Securities Act, Options granted to Participants, whether vested or unvested,
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shall be forfeited and be terminated and cancelled with no consideration therefor; and (B) if such termination occurs after the effectiveness of the registration of the Companys Shares in accordance with the Securities Act, then (x) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they are exercisable at the time of such termination, shall remain exercisable until the date that is 90 days after such termination, on which date they shall expire, and (y) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were not exercisable at the time of such termination, shall expire at the close of business on the date of such termination. The 90-day period described in this Section 7(h)(1) shall be extended to one year after the date of such termination in the event of the Participants death during such 90-day period. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of its term.
(2) Unless the applicable Award Agreement provides otherwise, in the event that the employment or service of a Participant with the Company or any Subsidiary shall terminate on account of the Retirement, Disability, or death of the Participant, (A) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were exercisable at the time of such termination, shall remain exercisable until the date that is one year after such termination, on which date they shall expire and (B) Options granted to such Participant, to the extent that they were not exercisable at the time of such termination, shall expire at the close of business on the date of such termination. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Option shall be exercisable after the expiration of its term.
(3) In the event of the termination of a Participants employment or service for Cause, all outstanding Options granted to such Participant shall expire at the commencement of business on the date of such termination.
Section 8. Share Appreciation Rights.
(a) General . Share Appreciation Rights may be granted either alone ( Standalone Rights ) or in conjunction with all or part of any other Award granted under the Plan ( Tandem Rights ). Tandem Rights may be granted either at or after the time of the grant of such Award. The Administrator shall determine the Eligible Recipients to whom, and the time or times at which, grants of Share Appreciation Rights shall be made, the number of Shares to be awarded, the price per share, and all other conditions of Share Appreciation Rights. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Tandem Right may be granted for more shares than are subject to the Award to which it relates and any Share Appreciation Right must be granted with an Exercise Price not less than the Fair Market Value of Shares on the date of grant. The provisions of Share Appreciation Rights need not be the same with respect to each Participant. Share Appreciation Rights granted under the Plan shall be subject to the following terms and conditions set forth in this Section 8 and shall contain such additional terms and conditions, not inconsistent with the terms of the Plan, as the Administrator shall deem desirable, as set forth in the applicable Award Agreement.
(b) Awards . The prospective recipient of a Share Appreciation Right shall not have any rights with respect to such Award, unless and until such recipient has executed an Award Agreement and delivered a fully executed copy thereof to the Company, within a period of 60 days (or such other period as the Administrator may specify) after the award date. Participants who are granted Share Appreciation Rights shall have no rights as shareholders of the Company with respect to the grant or exercise of such rights.
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(c) Exercisability .
(1) Share Appreciation Rights that are Standalone Rights ( Standalone Share Appreciation Rights ) shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after grant.
(2) Share Appreciation Rights that are Tandem Rights ( Tandem Share Appreciation Rights ) shall be exercisable only at such time or times and to the extent that the Awards to which they relate shall be exercisable in accordance with the provisions of Section 7 above and this Section 8 of the Plan.
(d) Payment Upon Exercise .
(1) Upon the exercise of a Standalone Share Appreciation Right, the Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but not more than, that number of Shares equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the date of exercise over the price per share specified in the Standalone Share Appreciation Right (which price shall be no less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of such Share on the date of grant) multiplied by the number of Shares in respect of which the Standalone Share Appreciation Right is being exercised, with the Administrator having the right to determine the form of payment.
(2) A Tandem Right may be exercised by a Participant by surrendering the applicable portion of the related Award. Upon such exercise and surrender, the Participant shall be entitled to receive up to, but not more than, that number of Shares equal in value to the excess of the Fair Market Value of a Share as of the date of exercise over the Exercise Price specified in the related Award (which price shall be no less than 100% of the Fair Market Value of a Share on the date of grant) multiplied by the number of Shares in respect of which the Tandem Share Appreciation Right is being exercised, with the Administrator having the right to determine the form of payment. Awards that have been so surrendered, in whole or in part, shall no longer be exercisable to the extent the Tandem Rights have been so exercised.
(3) Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Administrator may determine to settle the exercise of a Share Appreciation Right in cash (or in any combination of Shares and cash).
(e) Non-Transferability .
(1) Standalone Share Appreciation Rights shall be transferable only when and to the extent that an Award would be transferable under Section 7 of the Plan.
(2) Tandem Share Appreciation Rights shall be transferable only when and to the extent that the underlying Award would be transferable under Section 7 of the Plan.
(f) Termination of Employment or Service .
(1) In the event of the termination of employment or service with the Company, any Subsidiary or any Affiliate of a Participant who has been granted one or more Standalone Share Appreciation Rights, such rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as shall be determined by the Administrator at or after grant.
(2) In the event of the termination of employment or service with the Company or any Subsidiary of a Participant who has been granted one or more Tandem Share Appreciation Rights, such rights shall be exercisable at such time or times and subject to such terms and conditions as set forth in the related Options.
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(g) Term .
(1) The term of each Standalone Share Appreciation Right shall be fixed by the Administrator, but no Standalone Share Appreciation Right shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such right is granted.
(2) The term of each Tandem Share Appreciation Right shall be the term of the Award to which it relates, but no Tandem Share Appreciation Right shall be exercisable more than ten years after the date such right is granted.
Section 9. Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares.
(a) General . Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares may be issued either alone or in addition to other Awards granted under the Plan. The Administrator shall determine the Eligible Recipients to whom, and the time or times at which, Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares shall be made; the number of Shares to be awarded; the price, if any, to be paid by the Participant for the acquisition of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares; the Restricted Period (as defined in the applicable Award Agreement), if any, applicable to Awards of Restricted Shares or Restricted Share Units; the performance objectives applicable to Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares; and all other conditions of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares. The Administrator may also condition the grant of the award of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares upon the exercise of Options, or upon such other criteria as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion. If the restrictions, performance objectives and/or conditions established by the Administrator are not attained, a Participant shall forfeit his or her shares of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares. The provisions of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares need not be the same with respect to each Participant.
(b) Awards and Certificates . The prospective recipient of Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares shall not have any rights with respect to any such Award, unless and until such recipient has executed an Award Agreement and delivered a fully executed copy thereof to the Company, within a period of sixty days (or such other period as the Administrator may specify) after the award date. Except as otherwise provided below in this Section 9, (i) each Participant who is granted an Award of Restricted Shares or Performance Shares shall be issued a share certificate in respect of such shares of Restricted Shares or Performance Shares (or such other appropriate evidence of ownership, including book entry, as determined by the Administrator), and (ii) such certificate (or other evidence of ownership) shall be registered in the name of the Participant, and, if appropriate, shall bear a legend referring to the terms, conditions, and restrictions applicable to any such Award.
(1) The Company may require that any share certificates evidencing Restricted Shares or Performance Shares granted hereunder be held in the custody of the Company until the restrictions thereon shall have lapsed, and that, as a condition of any Award of Restricted Shares or Performance Shares, the Participant shall have delivered a power of attorney, endorsed in blank, relating to the Shares covered by such Award.
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(2) With respect to Awards of Restricted Share Units, at such times as are indicated in the applicable Award Agreement, share certificates (or such other appropriate evidence of ownership, including book entry, as determined by the Administrator) in respect of such shares of Restricted Share Units shall be delivered to the Participant, or his legal representative, in a number equal to the number of Shares the Participant is entitled to be issued pursuant to the terms of the Award Agreement.
(c) Restrictions and Conditions . Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units and Performance Shares granted pursuant to this Section 9 shall be subject to the following restrictions and conditions and any additional restrictions or conditions as determined by the Administrator at the time of grant or thereafter:
(1) Subject to the provisions of the Plan and except as otherwise provided in the Restricted Shares Award Agreement, Restricted Share Units Award Agreement or Performance Shares Award Agreement, as appropriate, governing any such Award, during such period as may be set by the Administrator commencing on the date of grant, the Participant shall not be permitted to sell, transfer, pledge or assign shares of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares awarded under the Plan; provided, however, that the Administrator may, in its sole discretion, provide for the lapse of such restrictions in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions in whole or in part based on such factors and such circumstances as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance related goals, the Participants termination of employment or service as a director, partner or Consultant of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate, the Participants death or Disability.
(2) Except as otherwise provided in the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant shall generally not have the rights of a shareholder with respect to Shares subject to Awards of Restricted Share Units until such Shares are issued in accordance with the terms of the Award Agreement. Except as may be provided in the applicable Award Agreement, the Participant shall generally have the rights of a shareholder of the Company with respect to Restricted Shares or Performance Shares; provided, however, that unless otherwise provided in the Award Agreement, the Participant shall not have rights to any distributions declared on unvested Restricted Shares or Performance Shares.
(3) The rights of Participants granted Awards of Restricted Shares, Restricted Share Units or Performance Shares upon termination of employment or service as a director or Consultant to the Company or to any Subsidiary or Affiliate terminates for any reason during the Restricted Period shall be set forth in the Award Agreement and subject to the Plan.
Section 10. Other Share-Based Awards.
(a) The Administrator is authorized to grant Awards to Participants in the form of Other Share-Based Awards, as deemed by the Administrator to be consistent with the purposes of the Plan and as evidenced by an Award Agreement, including, but not limited to, Awards of LTIP Units, Awards of restricted units and Awards that are valued in whole or in part by reference to Shares, including Awards valued by reference to book value, fair value or performance of a Subsidiary, partner interests or AOG Units, including distribution equivalent rights and performance units. Other Share-Based Awards may be granted as free-standing Awards or in tandem with other Awards under the Plan. The Administrator shall determine the terms and conditions of such Awards, consistent with the terms of the Plan, at the date of grant or thereafter, including any Performance Goals and performance periods. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, provide for the lapse of restrictions applicable to Other Share-Based Awards in installments and may accelerate or waive such restrictions in whole or in part based on such factors and such circumstances as the Administrator may determine, in its sole discretion, including, but not limited to, the attainment of certain performance related goals, the Participants
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termination of employment or service as a director or Consultant to the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate, the Participants death or Disability. Shares or other securities or property delivered pursuant to an Award in the nature of a purchase right granted under this Section 10 shall be purchased for such consideration, paid for at such times, by such methods, and in such forms, including, without limitation, Shares, other Awards, notes or other property, as the Administrator shall determine, subject to any required corporate action. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, settle such Other Share-Based Awards for cash or other property as appropriate.
(b) LTIP Units may be granted as free-standing Awards or in tandem with other Awards under the Plan, and may be valued by reference to the Shares, and will be subject to such other conditions and restrictions as the Administrator, in its sole and absolute discretion, may determine, including, but not limited to, continued employment or service, computation of financial metrics and/or achievement of pre-established performance goals and objectives. LTIP Unit Awards, whether vested or unvested, may entitle the participant to receive, currently or on a deferred or contingent basis, distributions or distribution equivalent payments with respect to the number of Shares corresponding to the LTIP Unit or other distributions from AOG and the Administrator may provide in the applicable Award Agreement that such amounts (if any) shall be deemed to have been reinvested in additional Shares or LTIP Units. The LTIP Units granted under the Plan, subject to such terms and conditions as may be determined by the Administrator in its sole and absolute discretion, including, but not limited to the conversion ratio, may be exchanged for Shares in accordance with applicable Company agreement(s) governing such exchanges. LTIP units may be structured as profits interests, capital interests or other types of interests for federal income tax purposes. The Administrator has the authority to determine the number of Shares underlying an Award of LTIP Units in light of all applicable circumstances, including performance-based vesting conditions, operating partnership capital account allocations, partnership agreements with respect to Apollo Operating Group, the Code, or value accretion factors and conversion ratios.
(c) To the extent that the Plan is subject to Section 162(m) of the Code, no payment shall be made to a covered employee (within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code) prior to the certification by the Committee that the Performance Goals have been attained. The Committee may establish such other rules applicable to the Other Share-Based Awards, provided, however, that in the event that the Plan is subject to Section 162(m) of the Code, such rules shall be in compliance with Section 162(m) of the Code. Any rules contained herein that apply by reason of Section 162(m) of the Code shall not be binding on the Administrator during any period in which Section 162(m) of the Code does not apply to the Plan.
Section 11. Amendment and Termination.
The Board may amend, alter or terminate the Plan, but, subject to Sections 5 and 17 of the Plan, no amendment, alteration, or termination shall be made that would materially impair the rights of a Participant under any Award theretofore granted without the Participants consent. Unless the Board determines otherwise, the Board shall obtain approval of the Companys shareholders for any amendment that would require such approval in order to satisfy the requirements of Section 162(m) of the Code, any rules of the stock exchange on which the Shares are traded or other law, in each case to the extent applicable. The Administrator may amend the terms of any Award theretofore granted, prospectively or retroactively, but, subject to Sections 5 and 17, no such amendment shall materially impair the rights of any Participant without his or her consent. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participants consent shall not be required to the extent the Board or Administrator (as applicable) in its sole discretion, determines that an amendment, alteration or termination is required or advisable in order for the Company, the Plan or the Award to satisfy any law or regulation or to meet the requirements of any accounting standard or to correct an administrative error.
14
Section 12. Unfunded Status of Plan.
The Plan is intended to constitute an unfunded plan for incentive compensation. With respect to any payments not yet made to a Participant by the Company, nothing contained herein shall give any such Participant any rights that are greater than those of a general creditor of the Company.
Section 13. Withholding Taxes.
Each Participant shall, no later than the date as of which the value of an Award first becomes subject to tax for U.S. federal, state or local income or other tax purposes and/or for any non-U.S. tax purposes, pay to the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates (as determined by the Administrator), or make arrangements satisfactory to the Administrator regarding payment of, any taxes of any kind required by law to be withheld or accounted for by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries or Affiliates with respect to the Award. The obligations of the Company under the Plan shall be conditional on the making of such payments or arrangements, and the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall, to the extent permitted by law, have the right to deduct any such taxes from any payment of any kind otherwise due to the Participant. Whenever cash is to be paid pursuant to an Award granted hereunder, the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates shall have the right to deduct therefrom an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements (or local taxes required to be accounted for by the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates) related thereto. Whenever Shares are to be delivered pursuant to an Award or taxes otherwise become due with respect to an Award, the Company shall have the right to require the Participant to remit to the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates in cash an amount sufficient to satisfy any federal, state and local withholding tax requirements (or local taxes required to be accounted for by the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates) related thereto. With the approval of the Administrator, a Participant may satisfy the foregoing requirement by electing to have the Company or its Subsidiaries or Affiliates withhold from delivery of Shares or by delivering already owned unrestricted Shares, in each case, having a value equal to the minimum amount of tax required to be withheld or paid. Such shares shall be valued at their Fair Market Value on the date of which the amount of tax to be withheld or paid is determined. Solely for this purpose, fractional share amounts shall be settled in cash. Such an election may be made with respect to all or any portion of the Shares to be delivered pursuant to an Award. The Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates may also use any other method or procedure of obtaining the necessary payment or proceeds, as permitted by law, to satisfy their withholding or other tax obligations with respect to any Option or other Award and the Participant shall comply with any reasonable requests made by the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates to complete and execute documentation necessary to implement such method or procedure.
Section 14. General Provisions.
(a) Compliance with Law . Shares shall not be issued pursuant to the exercise of any Award granted hereunder unless the exercise of such Award and the issuance and delivery of such Shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all relevant provisions of law, including, without limitation, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, the Exchange Act and the requirements of any stock exchange upon which the Shares may then be listed, and shall be further subject to the approval of counsel for the Company with respect to such compliance. The Company shall be under no obligation to register the Shares pursuant to the Securities Act or any other federal or state securities laws.
(b) Legending and Other Considerations . The Administrator may require each person acquiring Shares to represent to and agree with the Company in writing that such person is acquiring the Shares without a view to distribution thereof. The certificates for such Shares may include any legend that the Administrator deems appropriate to reflect any restrictions on transfer which the Administrator determines, in its sole discretion, arise under applicable securities laws or are otherwise applicable. All certificates for Shares delivered under the Plan shall be subject to such stop-transfer
15
orders and other restrictions as the Administrator may deem advisable under the rules, regulations, and other requirements of the Securities and Exchange Commission, any stock exchange upon which the Shares may then be listed, and any applicable federal or state securities law, and the Administrator may cause a legend or legends to be placed on any such certificates to make appropriate reference to such restrictions.
(c) Lock-Up Agreements . The Administrator may require a Participant receiving Shares pursuant to the Plan, as a condition precedent to receipt of such Shares, to enter into a shareholder agreement or lock-up agreement in such form as the Committee shall determine is necessary or desirable to further the Companys interests.
(d) No Right to Continued Service . The adoption of the Plan shall not confer upon any Eligible Recipient any right to continued employment or service with the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate, as the case may be, nor shall it interfere in any way with the right of the Company or any Subsidiary or Affiliate to terminate the employment or service of any of its Eligible Recipients at any time.
(e) Governing Law; Venue; Waiver of Jury Trial . The Plan and all Awards shall be governed by, interpreted under, and construed and enforced in accordance with the internal laws, and not the laws pertaining to conflicts or choices of laws, of the State of Delaware applicable to agreements made and to be performed wholly within the State of Delaware. The agreed venue for the resolution of disputes relating to an Award Agreement or the Plan, if any, shall be set forth in the applicable Award Agreement. Unless otherwise specifically provided by explicit reference to the jury waiver provision in this Section 14(e) in an applicable Award Agreement, each Participant, TO THE EXTENT NOT PROHIBITED BY APPLICABLE LAW THAT CANNOT BE WAIVED, WAIVES, AND COVENANTS THAT THE PARTICIPANT WILL NOT ASSERT (WHETHER AS PLAINTIFF, DEFENDANT OR OTHERWISE) ANY RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY ACTION ARISING IN WHOLE OR IN PART UNDER OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE PLAN OR ANY AWARD AGREEMENT, WHETHER AT THE EFFECTIVE DATE OR THEREAFTER ARISING, AND WHETHER SOUNDING IN CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, AND AGREES THAT ANY OF THE COMPANY OR ANY OF ITS AFFILIATES OR THE PARTICIPANT MAY FILE A COPY OF THIS PARAGRAPH WITH ANY COURT AS WRITTEN EVIDENCE OF THE KNOWING, VOLUNTARY AND BARGAINED-FOR AGREEMENT AMONG THE COMPANY AND ITS AFFILIATES, ON THE ONE HAND, AND THE PARTICIPANT, ON THE OTHER HAND, IRREVOCABLY TO WAIVE ITS RIGHT TO TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY PROCEEDING WHATSOEVER BETWEEN THEM RELATING TO THE PLAN OR ANY AWARD AGREEMENT, AND THAT ANY SUCH PROCEEDING WILL INSTEAD BE TRIED IN A COURT OF COMPETENT JURISDICTION BY A JUDGE SITTING WITHOUT A JURY.
(f) Certain Changes in Employment Status . Unless otherwise specifically provided in the applicable Award Agreement, an Award shall be affected, both with regard to vesting schedule and termination, by leaves of absence, changes from full-time to part-time employment, partial disability or other changes in the employment status of a Participant, in the discretion of the Administrator. The Administrator shall follow any applicable written policies (if any) of the Company, its Subsidiaries or Affiliates, including such rules, guidelines and practices as may be adopted pursuant to Section 3 hereof, as they may be in effect from time to time, with regard to such matters.
(g)
Notices
. All notices, requests, consents and other communications with respect to the Plan or any Award Agreement to any party
shall be deemed to be sufficient if contained in a written instrument delivered in person or sent by facsimile (
provided
a copy is thereafter promptly delivered as provided in this Section 14(g)) or by a nationally recognized overnight
courier. If to the Company, such notice shall be sent to Apollo Global Management, LLC, Attention: Gerard F. Cruse, 9 West 57th St. 41st Floor,
New York, NY 10019. If to a Participant, such notice shall be delivered by hand or sent to the last
home address on file with the Company.
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(h) Regional Variation . The Administrator reserves the right to authorize the establishment of, and to grant Awards pursuant to, annexes, sub-plans or other supplementary documentation as the Administrator deems appropriate in light of local laws, rules and customs.
Section 15. Effective Date.
The Plan became effective upon adoption by the Board and approval by the shareholders as of October 23, 2007 (the Effective Date ).
Section 16. Term of Plan.
No Award shall be granted pursuant to the Plan on or after the tenth anniversary of the Effective Date, but Awards theretofore granted may extend beyond that date.
Section 17. Section 409A.
To the extent applicable, this Plan and Awards issued hereunder shall be interpreted in accordance with Section 409A, including without limitation any such regulations or other guidance that may be issued after the Effective Date. Notwithstanding other provisions of the Plan or any Award Agreements thereunder, it is intended that no Award shall be granted, deferred, accelerated, extended, paid out or modified under this Plan in a manner that would result in the imposition of an additional U.S. tax under Section 409A upon a Participant. In the event that it is reasonably determined by the Administrator that, as a result of Section 409A, payments in respect of any Award under the Plan may not be made at the time contemplated by the terms of the Plan or the relevant Award Agreement, as the case may be, without causing the Participant holding such Award to be subject to taxation under Section 409A, the Company may take whatever actions the Administrator determines necessary or advisable to comply with, or exempt the Plan and Award Agreement from the requirements of, Section 409A, and, to the extent necessary to avoid the imposition of an additional tax under Section 409A, any payment of deferred compensation arising solely due to a separation from service (and not by reason of the lapse of a substantial risk of forfeiture), as such terms are used in Section 409A, to a Participant who is a specified employee as defined in Code Section 409A(a)(2)(B)(i) and Treasury Regulation §1.409A-1(i)(1) shall be delayed until the first day following the six-month period beginning on the date of the Participants separation from service under Section 409A (or, if earlier, until the Participants death). Neither the Company, the Administrator nor any employee, director, advisor or representative of the Company or of any of its Affiliates shall have any liability to Participants with respect to this Section 17.
[END OF PLAN]
Exhibit 10.20
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS V, L.P.
Dated as of April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS V, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
Article I DEFINITIONS |
1 | |
Section 1.01. Definitions |
1 | |
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS |
7 | |
Section 2.01. Formation |
7 | |
Section 2.02. Name |
8 | |
Section 2.03. Term |
8 | |
Section 2.04. Offices |
8 | |
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process |
8 | |
Section 2.06. Business Purpose |
8 | |
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership |
8 | |
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners |
8 | |
Section 2.09. Withdrawal |
8 | |
Article III MANAGEMENT |
9 | |
Section 3.01. General Partner |
9 | |
Section 3.02. Compensation |
9 | |
Section 3.03. Expenses |
10 | |
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners |
10 | |
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification |
10 | |
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS |
11 | |
Section 4.01. Distributions |
11 | |
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution |
12 | |
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution |
12 | |
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS |
12 | |
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts |
12 | |
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses |
12 | |
Section 5.05. Special Allocations |
13 | |
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations |
14 | |
Section 5.07. Tax Advances |
14 | |
Section 5.08. Tax Matters |
15 | |
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions |
15 | |
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS |
16 | |
Section 6.01. Books and Records |
16 | |
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS |
16 | |
Section 7.01. Units |
16 | |
Section 7.02. Register |
17 | |
Section 7.03. Registered Partners |
17 |
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Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS |
17 | |
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers |
17 | |
Section 8.02. Encumbrances |
18 | |
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions |
18 | |
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees |
18 | |
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals |
19 | |
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners |
19 | |
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners |
19 | |
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION |
20 | |
Section 9.01. No Dissolution |
20 | |
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution |
20 | |
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution |
20 | |
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation |
21 | |
Section 9.05. Termination |
21 | |
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners |
21 | |
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions |
21 | |
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION |
22 | |
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners |
22 | |
Section 10.02. Indemnification |
23 | |
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS |
24 | |
Section 11.01. Severability |
24 | |
Section 11.02. Notices |
24 | |
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies |
25 | |
Section 11.04. Binding Effect |
25 | |
Section 11.05. Interpretation |
25 | |
Section 11.06. Counterparts |
25 | |
Section 11.07. Further Assurances |
25 | |
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement |
26 | |
Section 11.09. Governing Law |
26 | |
Section 11.10. Expenses |
26 | |
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers |
26 | |
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries |
27 | |
Section 11.13. Headings |
27 | |
Section 11.14. Construction |
28 | |
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney |
28 | |
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules |
28 | |
Section 11.17. Partnership Status |
28 |
ii
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS V, L.P.
This SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made as of April 14, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings V GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as a limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on August 20, 2008 (the Original Agreement ), by the General Partner and the initial limited partners set forth therein and the filing of a Certificate of Limited Partnership (the Certificate ) with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August 20, 2008;
WHEREAS, on August 20, 2008 the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the Amended Agreement ) to make the changes set forth therein; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means, the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, 6 Del. C. Section 17-101, et seq., as it may be amended from time to time.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
1
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO LLC means APO Asset Co., LLC, a Delaware limited liability company.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Authorized Person has the meaning set forth in Section 3.01(b).
Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of
2
contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(a).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Non-U.S. Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is
3
eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Non-U.S. Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Non-U.S. Tax in Temporary Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1T(b)(4)(xi)(b), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership pursuant to Section 17-402 of the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2008 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings V GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
4
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
5
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value (other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P.,
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a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, APO Corp., a Delaware corporation, and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as a limited partnership under the provisions of the Act by the filing on August 20, 2008 of the Certificate as provided in the recitals of this Agreement. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this
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Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of a limited partnership under the laws of the State of Delaware, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as a limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the filing of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware shall be as set forth in the Certificate, as the same may be amended by the General Partner from time to time.
Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the Partnership will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
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ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any officer of the General Partner, including but not limited to Wendy F. Dulman, Barry J. Giarraputo, Joseph D. Glatt, Jessica L. Lomm, Laurie D. Medley, Cindy Z. Michel, Henry R. Silverman, and John J. Suydam (each, an Authorized Person ) on its behalf, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person on its behalf, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership under any title, including without limitation Authorized Person, that the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
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Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO LLC, with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO LLC but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer, income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO LLC and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO LLC.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. Except as required or permitted by Law, or by separate agreement with the Partnership, no Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
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ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the
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Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
Section 4.02 . Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
Section 4.03 . Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article
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IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
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(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Non-U.S. Taxes . Creditable Non-U.S. Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Non-U.S. Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Temporary Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1T(b)(4)(xi), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without
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limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes, except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
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ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters,
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including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) Except as provided in clauses (b) and (c), of this Section 8.01, no Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.03, each Limited Partner may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO LLC.
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(c) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.04, each Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) other than Encumbrances that run in favor of the Limited Partner unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its
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Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO LLC. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn).
(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners. If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall withdraw from the Partnership and shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
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ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be dissolved, liquidated wound up and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution . The Partnership shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Partnership under Section 17-802 of the Act upon the finding that it is not reasonably practicable to carry on the business of the Partnership in conformity with this Agreement;
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO LLC;
(d) any other event not inconsistent with any provision hereof causing a dissolution of the Partnership under the Act;
(e) the Incapacity or removal of the General Partner or the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO LLC consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 120 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution . Upon dissolution, the Partnership shall not be terminated and shall continue until the winding up of the affairs of the Partnership is completed. Upon the dissolution of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for
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any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the Certificate shall have been cancelled in the manner required by the Act.
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
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ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Limited Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) Except as required by law, this Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Partners hereby eliminate, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such elimination, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto (including without limitation, the General Partner).
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will, with respect to the Partnership and the other Partners, be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected from liability to the Partnership and the other Partners in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
(e) To the fullest extent permitted by law and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or any agreement contemplated herein or otherwise applicable provision of law or equity otherwise, whenever in this Agreement the General Partner is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its sole discretion or discretion or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, such General Partner shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Partnership or
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the Limited Partners, or (ii) in its good faith or under another expressed standard, such General Partner shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standards.
Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership (as modified by this Agreement).
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses
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pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings V GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
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(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings V GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings V GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
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Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (or other appropriate state court in the State of Delaware) or the federal courts located in the State of Delaware, and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal
26
income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, (iii) the allocation of items of income, gains, deductions and losses required by the final regulations similar to Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(xii)(b) and (c), and (iv) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
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Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as a limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (c) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (d) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (e) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS V GP, LLC | |||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||
Title: Vice President | ||||
Limited Partners: | APO ASSET CO., LLC | |||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||
Title: Vice President | ||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||
By: |
BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., its general partner |
|||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||
Title: Vice President |
Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P.
Second Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.21
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VI, L.P.
Dated as of April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VI, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||||||
Article I DEFINITIONS | 1 | |||||
Section 1.01. |
Definitions | 1 | ||||
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS | 8 | |||||
Section 2.01. |
Formation | 8 | ||||
Section 2.02. |
Name | 8 | ||||
Section 2.03. |
Term | 8 | ||||
Section 2.04. |
Offices | 8 | ||||
Section 2.05. |
Agent for Service of Process | 8 | ||||
Section 2.06. |
Business Purpose | 8 | ||||
Section 2.07. |
Powers of the Partnership | 8 | ||||
Section 2.08. |
Partners; Admission of New Partners | 8 | ||||
Section 2.09. |
Withdrawal | 9 | ||||
Article III MANAGEMENT | 9 | |||||
Section 3.01. |
General Partner | 9 | ||||
Section 3.02. |
Compensation | 10 | ||||
Section 3.03. |
Expenses | 10 | ||||
Section 3.04. |
Authority of Partners | 10 | ||||
Section 3.05. |
Action by Written Consent or Ratification | 10 | ||||
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS | 11 | |||||
Section 4.01. |
Distributions | 11 | ||||
Section 4.02. |
Liquidation Distribution | 12 | ||||
Section 4.03. |
Limitations on Distribution | 12 | ||||
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS | 12 | |||||
Section 5.01. |
Initial Capital Contributions | 12 | ||||
Section 5.02. |
No Additional Capital Contributions | 12 | ||||
Section 5.03. |
Capital Accounts | 12 | ||||
Section 5.04. |
Allocations of Profits and Losses | 12 | ||||
Section 5.05. |
Special Allocations | 13 | ||||
Section 5.06. |
Tax Allocations | 14 | ||||
Section 5.07. |
Tax Advances | 14 | ||||
Section 5.08. |
Tax Matters | 15 | ||||
Section 5.09. |
Other Allocation Provisions | 15 | ||||
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS | 16 | |||||
Section 6.01. |
Books and Records | 16 | ||||
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS | 16 | |||||
Section 7.01. |
Units | 16 | ||||
Section 7.02. |
Register | 17 | ||||
Section 7.03. |
Registered Partners | 17 |
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Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS | 17 | |||||
Section 8.01. |
Limited Partner Transfers | 17 | ||||
Section 8.02. |
Encumbrances | 18 | ||||
Section 8.03. |
Further Restrictions | 18 | ||||
Section 8.04. |
Rights of Assignees | 18 | ||||
Section 8.05. |
Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals | 19 | ||||
Section 8.06. |
Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners | 19 | ||||
Section 8.07. |
Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners | 19 | ||||
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 20 | |||||
Section 9.01. |
No Dissolution | 20 | ||||
Section 9.02. |
Events Causing Dissolution | 20 | ||||
Section 9.03. |
Distribution upon Dissolution | 20 | ||||
Section 9.04. |
Time for Liquidation | 21 | ||||
Section 9.05. |
Termination | 21 | ||||
Section 9.06. |
Claims of the Partners | 21 | ||||
Section 9.07. |
Survival of Certain Provisions | 21 | ||||
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 21 | |||||
Section 10.01. |
Liability of Partners | 21 | ||||
Section 10.02. |
Indemnification | 22 | ||||
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS | 24 | |||||
Section 11.01. |
Severability | 24 | ||||
Section 11.02. |
Notices | 24 | ||||
Section 11.03. |
Cumulative Remedies | 25 | ||||
Section 11.04. |
Binding Effect | 25 | ||||
Section 11.05. |
Interpretation | 25 | ||||
Section 11.06. |
Counterparts | 25 | ||||
Section 11.07. |
Further Assurances | 25 | ||||
Section 11.08. |
Entire Agreement | 25 | ||||
Section 11.09. |
Governing Law | 25 | ||||
Section 11.10. |
Expenses | 26 | ||||
Section 11.11. |
Amendments and Waivers | 26 | ||||
Section 11.12. |
No Third Party Beneficiaries | 27 | ||||
Section 11.13. |
Headings | 27 | ||||
Section 11.14. |
Construction | 27 | ||||
Section 11.15. |
Power of Attorney | 27 | ||||
Section 11.16. |
Letter Agreements; Schedules | 28 | ||||
Section 11.17. |
Partnership Status | 28 |
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SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VI, L.P.
This SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made as of April 14, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings VI GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as a limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on August 20, 2008 (the Original Agreement ) by the General Partner and the initial limited partners set forth therein and the filing of a Certificate of Limited Partnership (the Certificate ) with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on August 20, 2008;
WHEREAS, on August 20, 2008 the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the Amended Agreement ) to make the changes set forth therein; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means, the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, 6 Del. C. Section 17-101, et seq., as it may be amended from time to time.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Authorized Person has the meaning set forth in Section 3.01(b).
Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of
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contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(b).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
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Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership pursuant to Section 17-402 of the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2008 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
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General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings VI GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
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Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value (other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
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Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
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ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as a limited partnership under the provisions of the Act by the filing on August 20, 2008 of the Certificate as provided in the recitals. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of a limited partnership under the laws of the State of Delaware, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as a limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the filing of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware shall be as set forth in the Certificate, as the same may be amended by the General Partner from time to time.
Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the Partnership will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner
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an appropriate supplement or counterpart to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any officer of the General Partner, including but not limited to Wendy F. Dulman, Barry J. Giarraputo, Joseph D. Glatt, Jessica L. Lomm, Laurie D. Medley, Cindy Z. Michel, Henry R. Silverman, and John J. Suydam (each, an Authorized Person ) on its behalf, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person on its behalf, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership under any title, including without limitation Authorized Person, that the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or
9
any of them, deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO Corp., with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO Corp. but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer or APO Corp., income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO Corp. and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO Corp.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. Except as required or permitted by Law, or by separate agreement with the Partnership, no Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
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ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the
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Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article
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IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
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(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without
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limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes, except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
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ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters,
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including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) Except as provided in clauses (b) and (c) of this Section 8.01, no Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.03, each Limited Partner may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO Corp.
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(c) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.04, each Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) other than Encumbrances that run in favor of the Limited Partner unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its
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Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO Corp. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn).
(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall withdraw from the Partnership and shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
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ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be dissolved, liquidated wound up and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution . The Partnership shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Partnership under Section 17-802 of the Act upon the finding that it is not reasonably practicable to carry on the business of the Partnership in conformity with this Agreement;
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO Corp.;
(d) any other event not inconsistent with any provision hereof causing a dissolution of the Partnership under the Act;
(e) the Incapacity or removal of the General Partner or the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO Corp. consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 120 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution . Upon dissolution, the Partnership shall not be terminated and shall continue until the winding up of the affairs of the Partnership is completed. Upon the dissolution of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for
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any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the Certificate shall have been cancelled in the manner required by the Act.
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) Except as required by law, this Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Partners hereby eliminated, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such elimination,
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may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto (including without limitation, the General Partner).
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will, with respect to the Partnership and the other Partners, be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected from liability to the Partnership and the other Partners in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
(e) To the fullest extent permitted by law and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or any agreement contemplated herein or otherwise applicable provision of law or equity, whenever in this Agreement the General Partner is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its sole discretion or discretion or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, such General Partner shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Partnership or the Limited Partners, or (ii) in its good faith or under another expressed standard, such General Partner shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standards.
Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss,
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claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership (as modified by this Agreement).
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
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(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings VI GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings VI GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings VI GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
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Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (or other appropriate state court in the State of Delaware) or the federal courts located in the State of Delaware, and not in any other state or
25
federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43
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(and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as a limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (c) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional
27
Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (d) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (e) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VI GP, LLC | |||||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||||
Limited Partners: | APO CORP. | |||||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||||
By: | BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., | |||||||
its general partner | ||||||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||||
Title: | Vice President |
Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P.
Second Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.22
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VII, L.P.
Dated April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VII, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page |
||
Article I DEFINITIONS | 1 | |
Section 1.01. Definitions |
1 | |
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS | 8 | |
Section 2.01. Formation |
8 | |
Section 2.02. Name |
8 | |
Section 2.03. Term |
8 | |
Section 2.04. Offices |
8 | |
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process |
8 | |
Section 2.06. Business Purpose |
8 | |
Section 2.07. Powers of the General Partner |
8 | |
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners |
8 | |
Section 2.09. Withdrawal |
9 | |
Article III MANAGEMENT | 9 | |
Section 3.01. General Partner |
9 | |
Section 3.02. Compensation |
10 | |
Section 3.03. Expenses |
10 | |
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners |
10 | |
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification |
10 | |
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS | 10 | |
Section 4.01. Distributions |
10 | |
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution |
11 | |
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution |
12 | |
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS | 12 | |
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts |
12 | |
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses |
12 | |
Section 5.05. Special Allocations |
13 | |
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations |
14 | |
Section 5.07. Tax Advances |
14 | |
Section 5.08. Tax Matters |
14 | |
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions |
15 | |
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS |
15 | |
Section 6.01. Books and Records |
15 | |
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS | 16 | |
Section 7.01. Units |
16 | |
Section 7.02. Register |
16 | |
Section 7.03. Registered Partners |
16 |
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Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS | 17 | |
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers |
17 | |
Section 8.02. Encumbrances |
17 | |
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions |
17 | |
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees |
18 | |
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals |
18 | |
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners |
19 | |
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners |
19 | |
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 19 | |
Section 9.01. No Dissolution |
19 | |
Section 9.02. Events Causing Winding Up |
19 | |
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Winding Up |
20 | |
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation |
20 | |
Section 9.05. Termination |
20 | |
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners |
21 | |
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions |
21 | |
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 21 | |
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners |
21 | |
Section 10.02. Indemnification |
22 | |
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS | 23 | |
Section 11.01. Severability |
23 | |
Section 11.02. Notices |
23 | |
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies |
24 | |
Section 11.04. Binding Effect |
24 | |
Section 11.05. Interpretation |
24 | |
Section 11.06. Counterparts |
24 | |
Section 11.07. Further Assurances |
24 | |
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement |
25 | |
Section 11.09. Governing Law |
25 | |
Section 11.10. Expenses |
25 | |
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers |
25 | |
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries |
26 | |
Section 11.13. Headings |
26 | |
Section 11.14. Construction |
26 | |
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney |
27 | |
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules |
27 | |
Section 11.17. Partnership Status |
27 |
ii
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VII, L.P.
This SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made on the 14 th day of April, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings VII GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the initial Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on August 20, 2008 (the Original Agreement ) by Apollo Principal Holdings VII GP, Ltd., as general partner, and Patrick Head, as limited partner (the Initial Limited Partner );
WHEREAS, the Partnership was registered as an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands as evidenced by the certificate of registration (the Certificate ) dated August 20, 2008;
WHEREAS, on August 20, 2008, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of the Limited Partners to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partner; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01 . Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means the Exempted Limited Partnership Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore
pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
APO (FC) LLC means APO (FC), LLC, an Anguilla limited liability company.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
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Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(a).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
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Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership for any of the reasons set out under the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2008 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
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General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings VII GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partner has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
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Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value (other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any
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expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
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ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01 . Formation . The Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership under the provisions of the Act on August 20, 2008. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as an exempted limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02 . Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P.
Section 2.03 . Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the issuance of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the winding up and dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04 . Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05 . Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered office and registered agent for service of process in the Cayman Islands shall be Walkers Corporate Services Limited, Walker House, 87 Mary Street, George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-9005, Cayman Islands or as otherwise determined by the General Partner from time to time.
Section 2.06 . Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which exempted limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07 . Powers of the General Partner . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the General Partner will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08 . Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06;
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provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart or instrument of adherence to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09 . Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01 . General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership that the General Partner deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
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Section 3.02 . Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03 . Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO (FC) LLC, with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO (FC) LLC but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer, income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO (FC) LLC and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO (FC) LLC.
Section 3.04 . Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. No Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05 . Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01 . Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
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(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
Section 4.02 . Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
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Section 4.03 . Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01 . Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02 . No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03 . Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04 . Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
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Section 5.05 . Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall
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be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06 . Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07 . Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08 . Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes,
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except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09 . Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01 . Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney (if applicable) pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
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(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01 . Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon the winding up, liquidation and dissolution of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02 . Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03 . Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and
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shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01 . Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) No Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Subject to Section 8.03, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO (FC) LLC.
(c) Subject to Section 8.04, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units by a Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02 . Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03 . Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
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(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04 . Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05 . Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO (FC) LLC. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn). The outgoing General Partner shall execute such documents as must be filed with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands to reflect a change in the General Partner.
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(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06 . Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07 . Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01 . No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be wound up, liquidated, dissolved, and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a winding up and/or dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02 . Events Causing Winding Up . The Partnership shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) an order of the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands pursuant to the Act;
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(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO (FC) LLC;
(d) any other event expressly set out in the Act not inconsistent with any provision hereof requiring the Partnership to be wound up and dissolved;
(e) the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO (FC) LLC consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 90 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03 . Distribution upon Winding Up . Upon the commencement of the winding up of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof and otherwise in accordance with Section 15(1) of the Act (to the extent applicable) and this Agreement. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04 . Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05 . Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the General Partner or the Liquidation Agent (as applicable) shall then file a notice of dissolution with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands.
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Section 9.06 . Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07 . Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01 . Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) This Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Limited Partners hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Limited Partners hereby waive any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such waiver, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) Subject to the Act, to the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto.
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
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Section 10.02 . Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership or as otherwise required by law.
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or
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to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01 . Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02 . Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) If to the Partnership, to:
Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings VII GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(b) If to any Limited Partner, to:
Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings VII GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
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(c) If to the General Partner, to:
Apollo Principal Holdings VII GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03 . Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04 . Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05 . Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06 . Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07 . Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
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Section 11.08 . Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09 . Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the courts of the Cayman Islands. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10 . Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11 . Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
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(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12 . No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13 . Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14 . Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
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Section 11.15 . Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) this Agreement and any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) the original certificate of registration of the Partnership and all amendments thereto required or permitted by law or the provisions of this Agreement; (c) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as an exempted limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (d) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (e) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (f) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16 . Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17 . Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes. The General Partner shall file a Form 8832 with the Internal Revenue Service electing for the Partnership to be classified as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as a deed of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VII GP, LTD. | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||||
Limited Partners: | APO (FC), LLC | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||
By: |
BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., its general partner |
|||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P.
Second Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.23
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VIII, L.P.
Dated April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VIII, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page |
Article I DEFINITIONS | 1 | |||
Section 1.01. |
Definitions | 1 | ||
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS | 8 | |||
Section 2.01. |
Formation | 8 | ||
Section 2.02. |
Name | 8 | ||
Section 2.03. |
Term | 8 | ||
Section 2.04. |
Offices | 8 | ||
Section 2.05. |
Agent for Service of Process | 8 | ||
Section 2.06. |
Business Purpose | 8 | ||
Section 2.07. |
Powers of the General Partner | 8 | ||
Section 2.08. |
Partners; Admission of New Partners | 8 | ||
Section 2.09. |
Withdrawal | 9 | ||
Article III MANAGEMENT | 9 | |||
Section 3.01. |
General Partner | 9 | ||
Section 3.02. |
Compensation | 10 | ||
Section 3.03. |
Expenses | 10 | ||
Section 3.04. |
Authority of Partners | 10 | ||
Section 3.05. |
Action by Written Consent or Ratification | 10 | ||
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS | 10 | |||
Section 4.01. |
Distributions | 10 | ||
Section 4.02. |
Liquidation Distribution | 11 | ||
Section 4.03. |
Limitations on Distribution | 12 | ||
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS | 12 | |||
Section 5.01. |
Initial Capital Contributions | 12 | ||
Section 5.02. |
No Additional Capital Contributions | 12 | ||
Section 5.03. |
Capital Accounts | 12 | ||
Section 5.04. |
Allocations of Profits and Losses | 12 | ||
Section 5.05. |
Special Allocations | 13 | ||
Section 5.06. |
Tax Allocations | 14 | ||
Section 5.07. |
Tax Advances | 14 | ||
Section 5.08. |
Tax Matters | 14 | ||
Section 5.09. |
Other Allocation Provisions | 15 | ||
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS | 15 | |||
Section 6.01. |
Books and Records | 15 | ||
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS | 16 | |||
Section 7.01. |
Units | 16 | ||
Section 7.02. |
Register | 16 | ||
Section 7.03. |
Registered Partners | 16 |
i
Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS | 17 | |||
Section 8.01. |
Limited Partner Transfers | 17 | ||
Section 8.02. |
Encumbrances | 17 | ||
Section 8.03. |
Further Restrictions | 17 | ||
Section 8.04. |
Rights of Assignees | 18 | ||
Section 8.05. |
Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals | 18 | ||
Section 8.06. |
Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners | 19 | ||
Section 8.07. |
Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners | 19 | ||
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION | 19 | |||
Section 9.01. |
No Dissolution | 19 | ||
Section 9.02. |
Events Causing Winding Up | 19 | ||
Section 9.03. |
Distribution upon Winding Up | 20 | ||
Section 9.04. |
Time for Liquidation | 20 | ||
Section 9.05. |
Termination | 20 | ||
Section 9.06. |
Claims of the Partners | 21 | ||
Section 9.07. |
Survival of Certain Provisions | 21 | ||
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION | 21 | |||
Section 10.01. |
Liability of Partners | 21 | ||
Section 10.02. |
Indemnification | 22 | ||
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS | 23 | |||
Section 11.01. |
Severability | 23 | ||
Section 11.02. |
Notices | 23 | ||
Section 11.03. |
Cumulative Remedies | 24 | ||
Section 11.04. |
Binding Effect | 24 | ||
Section 11.05. |
Interpretation | 24 | ||
Section 11.06. |
Counterparts | 24 | ||
Section 11.07. |
Further Assurances | 24 | ||
Section 11.08. |
Entire Agreement | 25 | ||
Section 11.09. |
Governing Law | 25 | ||
Section 11.10. |
Expenses | 25 | ||
Section 11.11. |
Amendments and Waivers | 25 | ||
Section 11.12. |
No Third Party Beneficiaries | 26 | ||
Section 11.13. |
Headings | 26 | ||
Section 11.14. |
Construction | 26 | ||
Section 11.15. |
Power of Attorney | 27 | ||
Section 11.16. |
Letter Agreements; Schedules | 27 | ||
Section 11.17. |
Partnership Status | 27 |
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SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VIII, L.P.
This SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made on the 14 th day of April, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings VIII GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII GP, Ltd., as general partner, and Patrick Head, as limited partner (the Initial Limited Partner ) entered into the initial Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on December 17, 2008 (the Original Agreement );
WHEREAS, the Partnership was registered as an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands as evidenced by the certificate of registration (the Certificate ) dated December 22, 2008;
WHEREAS, on December 30, 2008, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of the Limited Partners to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partner; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means the Exempted Limited Partnership Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets
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contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(b).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
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Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership for any of the reasons set out under the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2008 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
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General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings VIII GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partner has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
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Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value (other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any
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expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
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ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership under the provisions of the Act on December 22, 2008. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as an exempted limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the issuance of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the winding up and dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05 . Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered office and registered agent for service of process in the Cayman Islands shall be Walkers Corporate Services Limited, Walker House, 87 Mary Street, George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-9005, Cayman Islands or as otherwise determined by the General Partner from time to time.
Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which exempted limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07. Powers of the General Partner . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the General Partner will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section
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8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart or instrument of adherence to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership that the General Partner deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
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Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO Corp., with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO Corp. but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer or APO Corp., income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO Corp. and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO Corp.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. No Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
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(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
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Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
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Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall
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be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes,
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except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney (if applicable) pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
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(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon the winding up, liquidation and dissolution of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and
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shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) No Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Subject to Section 8.03, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO Corp.
(c) Subject to Section 8.04, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units by a Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
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(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO Corp. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn). The outgoing General Partner shall execute such documents as must be filed with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands to reflect a change in the General Partner.
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(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be wound up, liquidated, dissolved, and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a winding up and/or dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Winding Up . The Partnership shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) an order of the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands pursuant to the Act;
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(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO Corp.;
(d) any other event expressly set out in the Act not inconsistent with any provision hereof requiring the Partnership to be wound up and dissolved;
(e) the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO Corp. consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 90 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Winding Up . Upon the commencement of the winding up of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof and otherwise in accordance with Section 15(1) of the Act (to the extent applicable) and this Agreement. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the General Partner or the Liquidation Agent (as applicable) shall then file a notice of dissolution with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands.
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Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) This Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Limited Partners hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Limited Partners hereby waive any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such waiver, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) Subject to the Act, to the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto.
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
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Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership or as otherwise required by law.
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or
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to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings VIII GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
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(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings VIII GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings VIII GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
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Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the courts of the Cayman Islands. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
25
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
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Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) this Agreement and any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) the original certificate of registration of the Partnership and all amendments thereto required or permitted by law or the provisions of this Agreement; (c) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as an exempted limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (d) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (e) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (f) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes. The General Partner shall file a Form 8832 with the Internal Revenue Service electing for the Partnership to be classified as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as a deed of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VIII GP, LTD. | |||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||
Title: Vice President | ||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||
Limited Partners: | APO CORP. | |||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||
Title: Vice President | ||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||
By: |
BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., its general partner |
|||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||
Title: Vice President | ||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P.
Second Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.24
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IX, L.P.
Dated April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IX, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
Article I DEFINITIONS |
1 | |
Section 1.01. Definitions |
1 | |
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS |
8 | |
Section 2.01. Formation |
8 | |
Section 2.02. Name |
8 | |
Section 2.03. Term |
8 | |
Section 2.04. Offices |
8 | |
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process |
8 | |
Section 2.06. Business Purpose |
8 | |
Section 2.07. Powers of the General Partner |
8 | |
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners |
8 | |
Section 2.09. Withdrawal |
9 | |
Article III MANAGEMENT |
9 | |
Section 3.01. General Partner |
9 | |
Section 3.02. Compensation |
10 | |
Section 3.03. Expenses |
10 | |
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners |
10 | |
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification |
10 | |
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS |
10 | |
Section 4.01. Distributions |
10 | |
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution |
11 | |
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution |
12 | |
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS |
12 | |
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions |
12 | |
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts |
12 | |
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses |
12 | |
Section 5.05. Special Allocations |
13 | |
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations |
14 | |
Section 5.07. Tax Advances |
14 | |
Section 5.08. Tax Matters |
14 | |
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions |
15 | |
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS |
15 | |
Section 6.01. Books and Records |
15 | |
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS |
16 | |
Section 7.01. Units |
16 | |
Section 7.02. Register |
16 | |
Section 7.03. Registered Partners |
16 |
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Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS |
17 | |
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers |
17 | |
Section 8.02. Encumbrances |
17 | |
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions |
17 | |
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees |
18 | |
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals |
18 | |
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners |
19 | |
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners |
19 | |
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION |
19 | |
Section 9.01. No Dissolution |
19 | |
Section 9.02. Events Causing Winding Up |
19 | |
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Winding Up |
20 | |
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation |
20 | |
Section 9.05. Termination |
20 | |
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners |
21 | |
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions |
21 | |
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION |
21 | |
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners |
21 | |
Section 10.02. Indemnification |
22 | |
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS |
23 | |
Section 11.01. Severability |
23 | |
Section 11.02. Notices |
23 | |
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies |
24 | |
Section 11.04. Binding Effect |
24 | |
Section 11.05. Interpretation |
24 | |
Section 11.06. Counterparts |
24 | |
Section 11.07. Further Assurances |
24 | |
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement |
25 | |
Section 11.09. Governing Law |
25 | |
Section 11.10. Expenses |
25 | |
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers |
25 | |
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries |
26 | |
Section 11.13. Headings |
26 | |
Section 11.14. Construction |
26 | |
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney |
27 | |
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules |
27 | |
Section 11.17. Partnership Status |
27 |
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SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED
EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IX, L.P.
This SECOND AMENDED AND RESTATED EXEMPTED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made on the 14 th day of April, 2010, by and among Apollo Principal Holdings IX GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, Apollo Principal Holdings IX GP, Ltd., as general partner, and Patrick Head, as limited partner (the Initial Limited Partner ) entered into the initial Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on December 17, 2008 (the Original Agreement );
WHEREAS, the Partnership was registered as an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands as evidenced by the certificate of registration (the Certificate ) dated December 22, 2008;
WHEREAS, on December 30, 2008, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of the Limited Partners to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partner; and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Amended Agreement to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
Act means the Exempted Limited Partnership Law (as amended) of the Cayman Islands.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
APO (FC) LLC means APO (FC), LLC, an Anguilla limited liability company.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
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Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(a).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
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Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership for any of the reasons set out under the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2008 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
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General Partner means Apollo Principal Holdings IX GP, Ltd., an exempted company formed under the laws of the Cayman Islands or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partner has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
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Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value (other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any
6
expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
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ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as an exempted limited partnership under the provisions of the Act on December 17, 2008. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of an exempted limited partnership under the laws of the Cayman Islands, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as an exempted limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the issuance of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the winding up and dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered office and registered agent for service of process in the Cayman Islands shall be Walkers Corporate Services Limited, Walker House, 87 Mary Street, George Town, Grand Cayman KY1-9005, Cayman Islands or as otherwise determined by the General Partner from time to time.
Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which exempted limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07. Powers of the General Partner . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the General Partner will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section
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8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart or instrument of adherence to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership that the General Partner deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
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Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO (FC) LLC, with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO (FC) LLC but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer, income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO (FC) LLC and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO (FC) LLC.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. No Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
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(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
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Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
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Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall
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be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes,
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except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney (if applicable) pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
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(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon the winding up, liquidation and dissolution of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi) the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and
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shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) No Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Subject to Section 8.03, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO (FC) LLC.
(c) Subject to Section 8.04, the General Partner may consider consenting to an exchange or Transfer of Units by a Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
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(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income, gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO (FC) LLC. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn). The outgoing General Partner shall execute such documents as must be filed with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands to reflect a change in the General Partner.
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(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be wound up, liquidated, dissolved, and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a winding up and/or dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Winding Up . The Partnership shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) an order of the Grand Court of the Cayman Islands pursuant to the Act;
19
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO (FC) LLC;
(d) any other event expressly set out in the Act not inconsistent with any provision hereof requiring the Partnership to be wound up and dissolved;
(e) the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO (FC) LLC consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 90 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Winding Up . Upon the commencement of the winding up of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof and otherwise in accordance with Section 15(1) of the Act (to the extent applicable) and this Agreement. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03; and
(b) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the General Partner or the Liquidation Agent (as applicable) shall then file a notice of dissolution with the Registrar of Exempted Limited Partnerships in the Cayman Islands.
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Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) This Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Limited Partners hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Limited Partners hereby waive any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such waiver, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) Subject to the Act, to the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto.
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
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Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership or as otherwise required by law.
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or
22
to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. Subject to the Act, the provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity, are agreed by the Partners to replace such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings IX GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
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(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.
c/o Apollo Principal Holdings IX GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Principal Holdings IX GP, Ltd.
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
24
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the Cayman Islands. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the courts of the Cayman Islands. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
25
(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
26
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) this Agreement and any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) the original certificate of registration of the Partnership and all amendments thereto required or permitted by law or the provisions of this Agreement; (c) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as an exempted limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (d) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (e) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (f) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes. The General Partner shall file a Form 8832 with the Internal Revenue Service electing for the Partnership to be classified as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement as a deed of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS IX GP, LTD. | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||||
Limited Partners: | APO (FC), LLC | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
|||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||
By: |
BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., its general partner |
|||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: | John J. Suydam | |||||
Title: | Vice President | |||||
Witness: |
/s/ Wendy Dulman |
Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P.
Second Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.25
PROPRIETARY & CONFIDENTIAL
EXECUTION VERSION
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
OF
APOLLO MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, L.P.
Dated as of April 14, 2010
THE PARTNERSHIP UNITS OF APOLLO MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, L.P. HAVE NOT BEEN REGISTERED UNDER THE UNITED STATES SECURITIES ACT OF 1933, AS AMENDED, THE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE, PROVINCE OR ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS AND ARE BEING ISSUED IN RELIANCE UPON EXEMPTIONS FROM THE REGISTRATION REQUIREMENTS OF THE SECURITIES ACT AND SUCH LAWS. SUCH UNITS MUST BE ACQUIRED FOR INVESTMENT ONLY AND MAY NOT BE OFFERED FOR SALE, PLEDGED, HYPOTHECATED, SOLD, ASSIGNED OR TRANSFERRED AT ANY TIME EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH (I) THE SECURITIES ACT, ANY APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS OF ANY STATE OR PROVINCE, AND ANY OTHER APPLICABLE SECURITIES LAWS; AND (II) THE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THE UNITS MAY NOT BE TRANSFERRED OF RECORD EXCEPT IN COMPLIANCE WITH SUCH LAWS AND THIS LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT. THEREFORE, PURCHASERS AND OTHER TRANSFEREES OF SUCH UNITS WILL BE REQUIRED TO BEAR THE RISK OF THEIR INVESTMENT OR ACQUISITION FOR AN INDEFINITE PERIOD OF TIME.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page | ||
Article I DEFINITIONS |
1 | |
Section 1.01. Definitions |
1 | |
Article II FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS |
9 | |
Section 2.01. Formation |
9 | |
Section 2.02. Name |
9 | |
Section 2.03. Term |
9 | |
Section 2.04. Offices |
10 | |
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process |
10 | |
Section 2.06. Business Purpose |
10 | |
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership |
10 | |
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners |
10 | |
Section 2.09. Withdrawal |
10 | |
Article III MANAGEMENT |
10 | |
Section 3.01. General Partner |
10 | |
Section 3.02. Compensation |
11 | |
Section 3.03. Expenses |
11 | |
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners |
11 | |
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification |
12 | |
Article IV DISTRIBUTIONS |
12 | |
Section 4.01. Distributions |
12 | |
Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution |
14 | |
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution |
14 | |
Article V CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS; TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS |
14 | |
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions |
14 | |
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions |
14 | |
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts |
14 | |
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses |
14 | |
Section 5.05. Special Allocations |
15 | |
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations |
16 | |
Section 5.07. Tax Advances |
17 | |
Section 5.08. Tax Matters |
17 | |
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions |
17 | |
Article VI BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS |
18 | |
Section 6.01. Books and Records |
18 | |
Article VII PARTNERSHIP UNITS |
18 | |
Section 7.01. Units |
18 | |
Section 7.02. Register |
19 | |
Section 7.03. Registered Partners |
19 |
i
Article VIII FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS |
19 | |
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers |
19 | |
Section 8.02. Encumbrances |
20 | |
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions |
20 | |
Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees |
21 | |
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals |
21 | |
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners |
21 | |
Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners |
22 | |
Article IX DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION |
22 | |
Section 9.01. No Dissolution |
22 | |
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution |
22 | |
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution |
22 | |
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation |
23 | |
Section 9.05. Termination |
23 | |
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners |
23 | |
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions |
23 | |
Article X LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION |
24 | |
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners |
24 | |
Section 10.02. Indemnification |
25 | |
Article XI MISCELLANEOUS |
26 | |
Section 11.01. Severability |
26 | |
Section 11.02. Notices |
26 | |
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies |
27 | |
Section 11.04. Binding Effect |
27 | |
Section 11.05. Interpretation |
27 | |
Section 11.06. Counterparts |
27 | |
Section 11.07. Further Assurances |
27 | |
Section 11.08. Entire Agreement |
28 | |
Section 11.09. Governing Law |
28 | |
Section 11.10. Expenses |
28 | |
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers |
28 | |
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries |
29 | |
Section 11.13. Headings |
29 | |
Section 11.14. Construction |
29 | |
Section 11.15. Power of Attorney |
30 | |
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules |
30 | |
Section 11.17. Partnership Status |
30 |
ii
THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED
LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT OF
APOLLO MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS, L.P.
This THIRD AMENDED AND RESTATED LIMITED PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT (this Agreement ) of Apollo Management Holdings, L.P. (the Partnership ) is made as of April 14, 2010, by and among Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, as general partner, and the Limited Partners (as defined herein) of the Partnership.
WHEREAS, the Partnership was formed as a limited partnership pursuant to the Act on the execution of the Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership on January 25, 2007 (the Original Agreement ) by the General Partner and Leon D. Black as the initial limited partner (the Initial Limited Partner ) and the filing of a Certificate of Limited Partnership (the Certificate ) with the Office of the Secretary of State of the State of Delaware on January 25, 2007;
WHEREAS, on April 19, 2007, the Original Agreement was amended and restated (the First Amended Agreement ) to permit the admission of additional limited partners to the Partnership and the withdrawal of the Initial Limited Partner;
WHEREAS, as of July 13, 2007, the First Amended Agreement was amended and restated (the Second Amended Agreement ) to reflect the withdrawal of a limited partner of the Partnership, the admission of an additional limited partner to the Partnership, and to make additional changes therein;
WHEREAS, on July 13, 2007, pursuant to the transactions effected by a Contribution, Sale and Purchase Agreement and the Roll-Up Agreements, the then current limited partners of the Partnership (the Original Limited Partners ) transferred their limited partner interests to the current Limited Partners and the current Limited Partners were admitted to the Partnership (the Restructuring ); and
WHEREAS, the Partners wish to amend and restate the Second Amended Agreement to reflect the withdrawal of the Original Limited Partners and the admission of the current Limited Partners pursuant to the Restructuring, and to make the changes set forth below.
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the mutual promises and agreements herein made and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
ARTICLE I
DEFINITIONS
Section 1.01. Definitions . Capitalized terms used herein without definition have the following meanings (such meanings being equally applicable to both the singular and plural form of the terms defined):
2009 Special Book-Up Amount means:
A - ( B * C) C |
where: | A | = | the amount allocated to APO Corp. pursuant to Section 5.05(h). | |||
B | = | the total amount allocated to Limited Partners pursuant to Section 5.05(h). | ||||
C | = | APO Corp.s Percentage Interest for the 2009 Fiscal Year, taking into account the varying interests at the time of each distribution of cash by the Partnership during the 2009 Fiscal Year. |
2010 Special Book-Up Amount means:
Act means, the Delaware Revised Uniform Limited Partnership Act, 6 Del. C. Section 17-101, et seq., as it may be amended from time to time.
Additional Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Adjusted Capital Account Balance means, with respect to each Partner, the balance in such Partners Capital Account adjusted (i) by taking into account the adjustments, allocations and distributions described in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(c)(4), (5) and (6); and (ii) by adding to such balance such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5), and any amounts such Partner is obligated to restore pursuant to any provision of this Agreement or by applicable Law. The foregoing definition of Adjusted Capital Account Balance is intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d) and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
Affiliate means, with respect to a specified Person, any other Person that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediaries, Controls, is Controlled by, or is under common Control with, such specified Person.
Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
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Amended Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
APO Corp. means APO Corp., a Delaware corporation.
Apollo Operating Group means each of the Partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings I, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings III, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings V, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and Apollo Principal Holdings IX, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, and any successors thereto or other entities formed to serve as holding vehicles for the Issuers carry vehicles, management companies or other entities formed to engage in the asset management business (including alternative asset management), as set forth on Annex A , as amended from time to time.
AP Professional means AP Professional Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership.
Assignee has the meaning set forth in Section 8.04.
Assumed Tax Rate means the highest effective marginal combined United States federal, state and local income tax rate for a Fiscal Year prescribed for an individual or corporate resident in New York, New York (taking into account (a) the nondeductibility of expenses subject to the limitation described in Section 67(a) of the Code and (b) the character (e.g., long-term or short-term capital gain or ordinary or exempt income) of the applicable income, but not taking into account the deductibility of state and local income taxes for United States federal income tax purposes). For the avoidance of doubt, the Assumed Tax Rate will be the same for all Partners.
Authorized Person has the meaning set forth in Section 3.01(b).
Capital Account means the separate capital account maintained for each Partner in accordance with Section 5.03.
Capital Contribution means, with respect to any Partner, the aggregate amount of money contributed to the Partnership and the Carrying Value of any property (other than money), net of any liabilities assumed by the Partnership upon contribution or to which such property is subject, contributed to the Partnership pursuant to Article V.
Carrying Value means, with respect to any Partnership asset, the assets adjusted basis for United States federal income tax purposes, except that the initial carrying value of assets contributed to the Partnership shall be their respective gross fair market values on the date of contribution as determined by the General Partner, and the Carrying Values of all Partnership assets shall be adjusted to equal their respective fair market values, in accordance with the rules set forth in Treasury Regulation Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv)(f), except as otherwise provided herein, as of (a) the date of the acquisition of any additional Partnership interest by any new or existing Partner in exchange for more than a de minimis Capital Contribution; (b) the date of the
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distribution of more than a de minimis amount of Partnership assets to a Partner; (c) the date a Partnership interest is relinquished to the Partnership; (d) any other date specified in the Treasury Regulations or (e) any other date specified by the General Partner; provided , however, that adjustments pursuant to clauses (a), (b) (c) and (d) above shall be made only if such adjustments are deemed necessary or appropriate by the General Partner to reflect the relative economic interests of the Partners. The Carrying Value of any Partnership asset distributed to any Partner shall be adjusted immediately before such distribution to equal its fair market value. In the case of any asset that has a Carrying Value that differs from its adjusted tax basis, Carrying Value shall be adjusted by the amount of depreciation calculated for purposes of the definition of Profits (Losses) rather than the amount of depreciation determined for United States federal income tax purposes, and depreciation shall be calculated by reference to Carrying Value rather than tax basis once Carrying Value differs from tax basis.
Certificate has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Class means the classes of Units into which the interests in the Partnership may be classified or divided from time to time pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement.
Class A Shares means the Class A Common Shares of the Issuer representing Class A limited liability company interests of the Issuer.
Class A Units means the Units of partnership interest in the Partnership designated as the Class A Units herein and having the rights pertaining thereto as are set forth in this Agreement.
Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended from time to time.
Contingencies has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03(a).
Control (including the terms Controlled by and under common Control with ) means the possession, directly or indirectly, of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of a Person, whether through the ownership of voting securities, as trustee or executor, by contract or otherwise, including, without limitation, the ownership, directly or indirectly, of securities having the power to elect a majority of the board of directors or similar body governing the affairs of such Person.
Covered Person and Covered Persons have the meanings set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Credit Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
Creditable Foreign Tax means a non-United States tax paid or accrued for United States federal income tax purposes by the Partnership, in either case to the extent that such tax is eligible for credit under Section 901(a) of the Code. A non-United States tax is a Creditable Foreign Tax for these purposes without regard to whether a partner receiving an allocation of such non-United States tax elects to claim a credit for such amount. This definition is intended to be consistent with the definition of Creditable Foreign Tax in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
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Disabling Event means the General Partner ceasing to be the general partner of the Partnership pursuant to Section 17-402 of the Act.
Distributable Cash means cash received by the Partnership from dividends and distributions or other income, other than cash reserves to account for reasonably anticipated expenses and other liabilities, including, without limitation, tax liabilities, as the General Partner may determine to be appropriate.
Encumbrance means any mortgage, claim, lien, encumbrance, conditional sales or other title retention agreement, right of first refusal, preemptive right, pledge, option, charge, security interest or other similar interest, easement, judgment or imperfection of title of any nature whatsoever.
ERISA means the United States Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended.
Exchange Act means the United States Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Exchange Agreement means the exchange agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 among the Issuer, the Apollo Operating Group, and the limited partners of the Apollo Operating Group entities from time to time, as amended from time to time.
Exchange Transaction means an exchange of Units for Class A Shares pursuant to, and in accordance with, the Exchange Agreement or, if the Issuer and the exchanging Limited Partner shall mutually agree, a Transfer of Units to the Issuer, the Partnership or any of their subsidiaries for other consideration.
Final Adjudication has the meaning set forth in Section 10.02(a).
Final Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(ii).
First Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
First Amendment and Joinder means the First Amendment and Joinder dated as of April 13, 2010 to the Tax Receivable Agreement dated as of July 13, 2007 by and among APO Corp., Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership, Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Partnership, and each of the other parties signatory thereto identified as Holders.
Fiscal Year means (i) the period commencing upon the formation of the Partnership and ending on December 31, 2007 or (ii) any subsequent twelve-month period commencing on January 1 and ending on December 31.
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Fund means any pooled investment vehicle or similar entity sponsored or managed, directly or indirectly, by the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries.
General Partner means Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware or any successor general partner admitted to the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, each in its capacity as general partner of the Partnership.
Incapacity means, with respect to any Person, the bankruptcy, dissolution, termination, entry of an order of incompetence, or the insanity, permanent disability or death of such Person.
Initial Limited Partner has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Issuer means Apollo Global Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware, or any successor thereto.
Issuer Manager means AGM Management, LLC, a limited liability company formed under the laws of the State of Delaware and the manager of the Issuer, or any successor manager of the Issuer.
Law means any statute, law, ordinance, regulation, rule, code, executive order, injunction, judgment, decree or other order issued or promulgated by any national, supranational, state, federal, provincial, local or municipal government or any administrative or regulatory body with authority therefrom with jurisdiction over the Partnership or any Partner, as the case may be.
Limited Partner means each of the Persons from time to time listed as a limited partner in the books and records of the Partnership, each in their capacity as a limited partner of the Partnership.
Liquidation Agent has the meaning set forth in Section 9.03.
Net Taxable Income has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b). The amount of Nonrecourse Deductions of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year equals the net increase, if any, in the amount of Partnership Minimum Gain of the Partnership during that Fiscal Year, determined according to the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(c).
Operating Group Units refers to units in the Apollo Operating Group, each of which represents one limited partner interest in each of the limited partnerships that comprise the Apollo Operating Group and any other securities issued or issuable in exchange for or with respect to such Operating Group Units (i) by way of a dividend, split or combination of shares or (ii) in connection with a reclassification, recapitalization, merger, consolidation or other reorganization. All calculations in respect of the Operating Group Units shall assume that all Operating Group Units shall have vested fully as of the date of determination.
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Operating Income means the income (or particular items thereof) of the Partnership during a Fiscal Year other than income (or particular items thereof) attributable to the sales of assets that are outside the ordinary course of business.
Original Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Original Limited Partners has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partners means, at any time, each person listed as a partner (including the General Partner) on the books and records of the Partnership, in each case for so long as he, she or it remains a partner of the Partnership as provided hereunder.
Partnership has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Partnership Minimum Gain has the meaning set forth in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(b)(2) and 1.704-2(d).
Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain means an amount with respect to each partner nonrecourse debt (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(b)(4)) equal to the Partnership Minimum Gain that would result if such partner nonrecourse debt were treated as a nonrecourse liability (as defined in Treasury Regulations Section 1.752-1(a)(2)) determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(3).
Partner Nonrecourse Deductions has the meaning ascribed to the term partner nonrecourse deductions set forth in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(i)(2).
Percentage Interest means, with respect to any Partner, the quotient obtained by dividing the number of Units then owned by such Partner by the number of Units then owned by all Partners.
Person means any individual, corporation, partnership, limited partnership, limited liability company, limited company, joint venture, trust, unincorporated or governmental organization or any agency or political subdivision thereof.
Profits and Losses means, for each Fiscal Year or other period, the taxable income or loss of the Partnership, or particular items thereof, determined in accordance with the accounting method used by the Partnership for United States federal income tax purposes with the following adjustments: (a) all items of income, gain, loss or deduction allocated pursuant to Section 5.05 shall not be taken into account in computing such taxable income or loss; (b) any income of the Partnership that is exempt from United States federal income taxation and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses shall be added to such taxable income or loss; (c) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, any gain or loss resulting from a disposition of such asset shall be calculated with reference to such Carrying Value; (d) upon an adjustment to the Carrying Value (other than an adjustment in respect of depreciation) of any asset, pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value, the amount of the adjustment shall be included as gain or loss in computing such taxable income or loss; (e) if the Carrying Value of any asset differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, the amount of depreciation, amortization or cost
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recovery deductions with respect to such asset for purposes of determining Profits and Losses, if any, shall be an amount which bears the same ratio to such Carrying Value as the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions bears to such adjusted tax basis; provided that if the United States federal income tax depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deduction is zero, the General Partner may use any reasonable method for purposes of determining depreciation, amortization or other cost recovery deductions in calculating Profits and Losses); and (f) except for items in (a) above, any expenditures of the Partnership not deductible in computing taxable income or loss, not properly capitalizable and not otherwise taken into account in computing Profits and Losses pursuant to this definition shall be treated as deductible items.
Restructuring has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Roll-up Agreements mean collectively, each Roll-up Agreement, by and among BRH Holdings, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, AP Professional, a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership, the Issuer, APO LLC, a Delaware limited liability company, APO Corp., and an employee of the Issuer or one of its subsidiaries, dated as of July 13, 2007, each as amended, restated, supplemented or otherwise modified from time to time.
SEC means the United States Securities and Exchange Commission or any similar agency then having jurisdiction to enforce the Securities Act.
Second Amended Agreement has the meaning set forth in the recitals.
Securities Act means the United States Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.
Similar Law means any law or regulation that could cause the underlying assets of the Partnership to be treated as assets of the Limited Partner by virtue of its limited partner interest in the Partnership and thereby subject the Partnership and the General Partner (or other persons responsible for the investment and operation of the Partnerships assets) to laws or regulations that are similar to the fiduciary responsibility or prohibited transaction provisions contained in Title I of ERISA or Section 4975 of the Code.
Special Percentage Interest means 100% for APO Corp. and 0% for AP Professional.
Tax Advances has the meaning set forth in Section 5.07.
Tax Amount has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Distributions has the meaning set forth in Section 4.01(b)(i).
Tax Matters Partner has the meaning set forth in Section 5.08.
Transfer means, in respect of any Unit, property or other asset, any sale, assignment, transfer, distribution or other disposition thereof, whether voluntarily or by operation of Law, including, without limitation, the exchange of any Unit for any other security.
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Treasury Regulations means the income tax regulations, including temporary regulations, promulgated under the Code, as such regulations may be amended from time to time (including corresponding provisions of succeeding regulations).
Undistributed Special Allocation Amount means:
Units means the Class A Units and any other Class of Units authorized in accordance with this Agreement, which shall constitute interests in the Partnership as provided in this Agreement and under the Act; entitling the holders thereof to the relative rights, title and interests in the profits, losses, deductions and credits of the Partnership at any particular time as set forth in this Agreement, and any and all other benefits to which a holder thereof may be entitled as a Partner as provided in this Agreement, together with the obligations of such Partner to comply with all terms and provisions of this Agreement.
ARTICLE II
FORMATION, TERM, PURPOSE AND POWERS
Section 2.01. Formation . The Partnership was formed as a limited partnership under the provisions of the Act by the filing on January 25, 2007 of the Certificate as provided in the recitals. The Partnership is hereby continued pursuant to the Act and this Agreement. If requested by the General Partner, the Limited Partners shall promptly execute all certificates and other documents consistent with the terms of this Agreement necessary for the General Partner to accomplish all filing, recording, publishing and other acts as may be appropriate to comply with all requirements for (a) the formation and operation of a limited partnership under the laws of the State of Delaware, (b) if the General Partner deems it advisable, the operation of the Partnership as a limited partnership, or partnership in which the Limited Partners have limited liability, in all jurisdictions where the Partnership proposes to operate and (c) all other filings required to be made by the Partnership.
Section 2.02. Name . The name of the Partnership shall be, and the business of the Partnership shall be conducted under the name of, Apollo Management Holdings, L.P.
Section 2.03. Term . The term of the Partnership commenced on the date of the filing of the Certificate, and the term shall continue until the dissolution of the Partnership in accordance with Article IX. The existence of the Partnership shall continue until cancellation of the Certificate in the manner required by the Act.
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Section 2.04. Offices . The Partnership may have offices at such places as the General Partner from time to time may select.
Section 2.05. Agent for Service of Process . The Partnerships registered agent for service of process in the State of Delaware shall be as set forth in the Certificate, as the same may be amended by the General Partner from time to time.
Section 2.06. Business Purpose . The Partnership shall have the power to engage in any lawful act or activity for which limited partnerships may be formed under the Act and engage in any and all activities necessary or incidental thereto.
Section 2.07. Powers of the Partnership . Subject to the limitations set forth in this Agreement, the Partnership will possess and may exercise all of the powers and privileges granted to it by the Act including, without limitation, the ownership and operation of the assets contributed to the Partnership by the Partners, by any other Law or this Agreement, together with all powers incidental thereto, so far as such powers are necessary or convenient to the conduct, promotion or attainment of the purpose of the Partnership set forth in Section 2.06.
Section 2.08. Partners; Admission of New Partners . Each of the Partners of the Partnership hereby continue as Partners of the Partnership. The rights, duties and liabilities of the Partners shall be as provided in the Act, except as is otherwise expressly provided herein, and the Partners consent to the variation of such rights, duties and liabilities as provided herein. A Person may be admitted from time to time as a new Partner in accordance with Section 8.05 and Section 8.06; provided , however, that each new Partner shall execute and deliver to the General Partner an appropriate supplement or counterpart to this Agreement pursuant to which the new Partner agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of the Agreement, as it may be amended from time to time.
Section 2.09. Withdrawal . No Partner shall have the right to withdraw as a Partner of the Partnership other than following the Transfer of all Units owned by such Partner in accordance with Article VIII; provided , however, that a new General Partner or substitute General Partner may be admitted to the Partnership in accordance with Section 8.05.
ARTICLE III
MANAGEMENT
Section 3.01. General Partner .
(a) The business, property and affairs of the Partnership shall be managed under the sole, absolute and exclusive direction of the General Partner, which may from time to time delegate authority to officers or to others to act on behalf of the Partnership.
(b) The Partners hereby agree that the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any officer of the General Partner, including but not limited to Lisa Barse
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Bernstein, Leon D. Black, Gerard Cruse, Wendy F. Dulman, Barry J. Giarraputo, Joseph D. Glatt, Joshua J. Harris, Jessica L. Lomm, Laurie D. Medley, Cindy Z. Michel, Marc J. Rowan, Henry R. Silverman, and John J. Suydam (each, an Authorized Person ) on its behalf, shall be and hereby is authorized to (i) open bank accounts on behalf of the Partnership in such banks, and designate the persons authorized to sign checks, notes, drafts, bills of exchange, acceptances, undertakings or orders for payment of money from funds of the Partnership on deposit in such accounts, as may be deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership and, in connection therewith, execute any form of required resolution necessary to open any such bank accounts; (ii) prepare and file, or cause to be prepared and filed, by mail, facsimile or telephone, for and on behalf of the Partnership, an Application for Employer Identification Number on United States Internal Revenue Service Form SS-4, and to prepare, execute and file with the appropriate authorities such other federal, state or local applications, forms and papers on behalf of the Partnership as may be required by law or deemed by the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, to be necessary, appropriate or otherwise in the best interests of the Partnership, as applicable; and (iii) pay on behalf of the Partnership any and all fees and expenses incident to and necessary to perfect the organization of the Partnership. Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, the Partnership, acting by the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person on its behalf, is hereby authorized to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents, without any consent of any Limited Partner, but such authorization shall not be deemed a restriction on the power of the Partnership or the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership to enter into, and to perform its obligations under, other agreements on behalf of the Partnership. The Partners agree that the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person may execute the aforementioned agreements, deeds, receipts, certificates, filings and other documents on behalf of the Partnership under any title, including without limitation Authorized Person, that the General Partner or any Authorized Person, or any of them, deems appropriate and that any prior acts of the Partnership and the General Partner and/or any Authorized Person acting on behalf of the Partnership, consistent with the foregoing authorizations, are hereby ratified and confirmed.
Section 3.02. Compensation . The General Partner shall not be entitled to any compensation for services rendered to the Partnership in its capacity as General Partner.
Section 3.03. Expenses . The Partnership shall bear and/or reimburse (i) the General Partner for any expenses incurred by the General Partner in connection with serving as the general partner of the Partnership, and (ii) Issuer and APO Corp., with respect to the Partnerships allocable share of any expenses solely incurred by or attributable to the Issuer or APO Corp. but excluding obligations incurred under the Tax Receivable Agreement, dated as of July 13, 2007 among APO Corp. and the Apollo Operating Group entities party thereto, by the Issuer or APO Corp., income tax expenses of the Issuer or APO Corp. and indebtedness incurred by the Issuer or APO Corp.
Section 3.04. Authority of Partners . No Limited Partner, in its capacity as such, shall participate in or have any control over the business of the Partnership. Except as expressly provided herein, the Units do not confer any rights upon the Limited Partners to participate in the affairs of the Partnership described in this Agreement. Except as expressly provided herein, the
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Limited Partners shall have no right to vote on any matter involving the Partnership, including with respect to any merger, consolidation, combination or conversion of the Partnership. The conduct, control and management of the Partnership shall be vested exclusively in the General Partner. In all matters relating to or arising out of the conduct of the operation of the Partnership, the decision of the General Partner shall be the decision of the Partnership. Except as required or permitted by Law, or by separate agreement with the Partnership, no Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) shall take any part in the management or control of the operation or business of the Partnership in . its capacity as a Partner, nor shall any Partner who is not also a General Partner (and acting in such capacity) have any right, authority or power to act for or on behalf of or bind the Partnership in his or its capacity as a Partner in any respect or assume any obligation or responsibility of the Partnership or of any other Partner. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Partnership may employ one or more Partners from time to time, and such Partners, in their capacity as employees of the Partnership (and not, for clarity, in their capacity as Limited Partners of the Partnership), may take part in the control and management of the business of the Partnership to the extent such authority and power to act for or on behalf of the Partnership has been delegated to them by the General Partner.
Section 3.05. Action by Written Consent or Ratification . Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Partners pursuant to this Agreement shall be taken if all Partners whose consent or ratification is required consent thereto or provide a consent or ratification in writing.
ARTICLE IV
DISTRIBUTIONS
Section 4.01. Distributions .
(a) All distributions of Distributable Cash shall be made, at the discretion of the General Partner, to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests; provided , that :
(i) distributions in 2010 of Operating Income shall be pro rata based on the Special Percentage Interests;
(ii) distributions in 2011 attributable to Operating Income for the 2010 Fiscal Year shall be pro rata based on the Special Percentage Interests; and
(iii) distributions in 2014 and subsequent to 2014 shall first be distributed pro rata based on the Special Percentage Interests until an amount has been distributed to APO Corp. equal to the amount APO Corp. is obligated to pay during such year pursuant to the First Amendment and Joinder as a Deferred Tax Benefit Payment (as defined in the First Amendment and Joinder).
(b) Tax Distributions .
(i) In addition to the foregoing, if the General Partner reasonably determines that the taxable income of the Partnership for a Fiscal Year will give rise to taxable income for the Partners ( Net Taxable Income ), the General Partner shall cause the Partnership
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to distribute Distributable Cash in respect of income tax liabilities (the Tax Distributions ) to the extent that other distributions made by the Partnership for such year were otherwise insufficient to cover such tax liabilities, provided that distributions pursuant to Section 4.02 and allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 related to such distributions shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 4.01(b). The Tax Distributions payable with respect to any Fiscal Year shall be computed based upon the General Partners estimate of the allocable Net Taxable Income in accordance with Article V, multiplied by the Assumed Tax Rate (the Tax Amount ). For purposes of computing the Tax Amount, the effect of any benefit under Section 743(b) of the Code will be ignored. Any Tax Distributions shall be made to all Partners, whether or not they are subject to such applicable United States federal, state and local taxes, pro rata in accordance with their Percentage Interest except for Tax Distributions attributable to 2009 or 2010 Net Taxable Income, which shall be pro rata in accordance with their Special Percentage Interests. Notwithstanding anything provided in this Section 4.01(b), the General Partner shall not be required to cause the Partnership to make Tax Distributions with respect to 2009 and 2010 Net Taxable Income but may make such Tax Distributions to the extent of APO Corp.s actual tax liability.
(ii) Tax Distributions shall be calculated and paid no later than one day prior to each quarterly due date for the payment by corporations on a calendar year of estimated taxes under the Code in the following manner (A) for the first quarterly period, 25% of the Tax Amount, (B) for the second quarterly period, 50% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year, (C) for the third quarterly period, 75% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year and (D) for the fourth quarterly period, 100% of the Tax Amount, less the prior Tax Distributions for the Fiscal Year. Following each Fiscal Year, and no later than one day prior to the due date for the payment by corporations of income taxes for such Fiscal Year, the General Partner shall make an amended calculation of the Tax Amount for such Fiscal Year (the Amended Tax Amount ), and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Amended Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of such Fiscal Year. If the Amended Tax Amount is less than the cumulative Tax Distributions previously made by the Partnership in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference (the Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Within 30 days following the date on which the Partnership files a tax return on Form 1065, the General Partner shall make a final calculation of the Tax Amount of such Fiscal Year (the Final Tax Amount ) and shall cause the Partnership to distribute a Tax Distribution, out of Distributable Cash, to the extent that the Final Tax Amount so calculated exceeds the Amended Tax Amount. If the Final Tax Amount is less than the Amended Tax Amount in respect of the relevant Fiscal Year, then the difference ( Additional Credit Amount ) shall be applied against, and shall reduce, the amount of Tax Distributions made for subsequent Fiscal Years. Any Credit Amount and Additional Credit Amount applied against future Tax Distributions shall be treated as an amount actually distributed pursuant to this Section 4.01(b) for purposes of the computations herein.
(c) 2007 Distributions . The Partners acknowledge that all distributions of Distributable Cash made in 2007 were governed by Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement and the terms of such Article IV of the Second Amended Agreement, which are hereby incorporated by reference, shall govern with respect to all distributions made in 2007.
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Section 4.02. Liquidation Distribution . Distributions made upon dissolution of the Partnership shall be made as provided in Section 9.03.
Section 4.03. Limitations on Distribution . Notwithstanding any provision to the contrary contained in this Agreement, the General Partner shall not make a Partnership distribution to any Partner if such distribution would violate the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE V
CAPITAL CONTRIBUTIONS; CAPITAL ACCOUNTS;
TAX ALLOCATIONS; TAX MATTERS
Section 5.01. Initial Capital Contributions . The Partners have made, on or prior to the date hereof, Capital Contributions and have acquired the number of Class A Units as specified in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 5.02. No Additional Capital Contributions . Except as otherwise provided in this Article V, no Partner shall be required to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of such Partner or permitted to make additional Capital Contributions to the Partnership without the consent of the General Partner.
Section 5.03. Capital Accounts . A separate capital account (a Capital Account ) shall be established and maintained for each Partner in accordance with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(iv). The Capital Account of each Partner shall be credited with such Partners Capital Contributions, if any, all Profits allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04 and any items of income or gain which are specially allocated pursuant to Section 5.05; and shall be debited with all Losses allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.04, any items of loss or deduction of the Partnership specially allocated to such Partner pursuant to Section 5.05, and all cash and the Carrying Value of any property (net of liabilities assumed by such Partner and the - liabilities to which such property is subject) distributed by the Partnership to such Partner. Any references in any section of this Agreement to the Capital Account of a Partner shall be deemed to refer to such Capital Account as the same may be credited or debited from time to time as set forth above. In the event of any transfer of any interest in the Partnership in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the transferee shall succeed to the Capital Account of the transferor to the extent it relates to the transferred interest.
Section 5.04. Allocations of Profits and Losses . Except as otherwise provided in this Agreement, Profits and Losses (and, to the extent necessary, individual items of income, gain or loss or deduction of the Partnership) shall be allocated in a manner such that the Capital Account of each Partner after giving effect to the special allocations set forth in Section 5.05 is, as nearly as possible, equal (proportionately) to (i) the distributions that would be made pursuant to Article IV if the Partnership were dissolved, its affairs wound up and its assets sold for cash equal to their Carrying Value, all Partnership liabilities were satisfied (limited with respect to each non-recourse liability to the Carrying Value of the assets securing such liability) and the net assets of the Partnership were distributed to the Partners pursuant to this Agreement, minus (ii) such Partners share of Partnership Minimum Gain and Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain, computed immediately prior to the hypothetical sale of assets. Notwithstanding the foregoing,
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the General Partner shall make such adjustments to Capital Accounts as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership. Solely for purposes of clause (i) of this Section 5.04, the distribution provision set forth in Section 9.03(b) shall be treated as being added to Section 4.01(a) as clause (iv).
Section 5.05. Special Allocations . Notwithstanding any other provision in this Article V:
(a) Minimum Gain Chargeback . If there is a net decrease in Partnership Minimum Gain or Partner Nonrecourse Debt Minimum Gain (determined in accordance with the principles of Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(d) and 1.704-2(i)) during any Partnership taxable year, the Partners shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain for such year (and, if necessary, subsequent years) in an amount equal to their respective shares of such net decrease during such year, determined pursuant to Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(g) and 1.704-2(i)(5). The items to be so allocated shall be determined in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(f). This Section 5.05(a) is intended to comply with the minimum gain chargeback requirements in such Treasury Regulations Sections and shall be interpreted consistently therewith; including that no chargeback shall be required to the extent of the exceptions provided in Treasury Regulations Sections 1.704-2(f) and 1.704-2(i)(4).
(b) Qualified Income Offset . If any Partner unexpectedly receives any adjustments, allocations, or distributions described in Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(2)(ii)(d)(4), (5) or (6), items of Partnership income and gain shall be specially allocated to such Partner in an amount and manner sufficient to eliminate the deficit balance in such Partners Adjusted Capital Account Balance created by such adjustments, allocations or distributions as promptly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(b) shall be made only to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Adjusted Capital Account Balance in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if this Section 5.05(b) were not in this Agreement. This Section 5.05(b) is intended to comply with the qualified income offset requirement of the Code and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(c) Gross Income Allocation . If any Partner has a deficit Capital Account at the end of any Fiscal Year which is in excess of the sum of (i) the amount such Partner is obligated to restore, if any, pursuant to any provision of this Agreement, and (ii) the amount such Partner is deemed to be obligated to restore pursuant to the penultimate sentences of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(g)(1) and 1.704-2(i)(5), each such Partner shall be specially allocated items of Partnership income and gain in the amount of such excess as quickly as possible; provided that an allocation pursuant to this Section 5.05(c) shall be made only if and to the extent that a Partner would have a deficit Capital Account in excess of such sum after all other allocations provided for in this Article V have been tentatively made as if Section 5.05(b) and this Section 5.05(c) were not in this Agreement.
(d) Nonrecourse Deductions . Nonrecourse Deductions shall be allocated to the Partners in accordance with their respective Percentage Interests.
(e) Partner Nonrecourse Deductions . Partner Nonrecourse Deductions for any taxable period shall be allocated to the Partner who bears the economic risk of loss with respect to the liability to which such Partner Nonrecourse Deductions are attributable in accordance with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-2(j).
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(f) Creditable Foreign Taxes . Creditable Foreign Taxes for any taxable period attributable to the Partnership, or an entity owned directly or indirectly by the Partnership, shall be allocated to the Partners in proportion to the Partners distributive shares of income (including income allocated pursuant to Section 704(c) of the Code) to which the Creditable Foreign Tax relates (under principles of Treasury Regulations Section 1.904-6). The provisions of this Section 5.05(f) are intended to comply with the provisions of Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1(b)(4)(viii), and shall be interpreted consistently therewith.
(g) Ameliorative Allocations . Any special allocations of income or gain pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) hereof shall be taken into account in computing subsequent allocations pursuant to Section 5.04 and this Section 5.05(g), so that the net amount of any items so allocated and all other items allocated to each Partner shall, to the extent possible, be equal to the net amount that would have been allocated to each Partner if such allocations pursuant to Section 5.05(b) or (c) had not occurred.
(h) With respect to the amount in excess of the first $36,955,739 of Net Profit for the 2009 Fiscal Year, all items of income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to the Operating Income for the 2009 Fiscal Year shall be allocated to the Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Special Percentage Interests.
(i) All items of income, gain, loss and deduction attributable to the Operating Income for the 2010 Fiscal Year shall be allocated to the Limited Partners pro rata in accordance with their respective Special Percentage Interests.
(j) Notwithstanding clause (d) of the definition of Profits and Losses, upon an adjustment (or adjustments) to the Carrying Value of the Partnerships assets pursuant to the definition of Carrying Value that results in a net gain, such net gain shall be specially allocated to AP Professional until AP Professional has been allocated an amount pursuant to this Section 5.05(j) equal to the sum of the 2009 Special Book-Up Amount plus the 2010 Special Book-Up Amount.
Section 5.06. Tax Allocations . For income tax purposes, each item of income, gain, loss and deduction of the Partnership shall be allocated among the Partners in the same manner as the corresponding items of Profits and Losses and specially allocated items are allocated for Capital Account purposes; provided that in the case of any asset the Carrying Value of which differs from its adjusted tax basis for United States federal income tax purposes, income, gain, loss and deduction with respect to such asset shall be allocated solely for income tax purposes in accordance with the principles of Sections 704(b) and (c) of the Code (in any manner determined by the General Partner and permitted by the Code and Treasury Regulations) so as to take account of the difference between Carrying Value and adjusted basis of such asset. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the General Partner shall make such allocations for tax purposes as it determines in its sole discretion to be appropriate to ensure allocations are made in accordance with a Partners interest in the Partnership.
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Section 5.07. Tax Advances . To the extent the General Partner reasonably believes that the Partnership is required by law to withhold or to make tax payments on behalf of or with respect to any Partner or the Partnership is subjected to tax itself by reason of the status of any Partner ( Tax Advances ), the General Partner may withhold such amounts and make such tax payments as so required. All Tax Advances made on behalf of a Partner shall be repaid by reducing the amount of the current or next succeeding distribution or distributions which would otherwise have been made to such Partner or, if such distributions are not sufficient for that purpose, by so reducing the proceeds of liquidation otherwise payable to such Partner. For all purposes of this Agreement such Partner shall be treated as having received the amount of the distribution that is equal to the Tax Advance. Each Partner hereby agrees to indemnify and hold harmless the Partnership and the other Partners from and against any liability (including, without limitation, any liability for taxes, penalties, additions to tax or interest other than any penalties, additions to tax or interest imposed as a result of the Partnerships failure to withhold or make a tax payment on behalf of such Partner which withholding or payment is required pursuant to applicable Law but only to the extent amounts sufficient to pay such taxes were not timely distributed to the Partner pursuant to Section 4.01(b)) with respect to income attributable to or distributions or other payments to such Partner.
Section 5.08. Tax Matters . The General Partner shall be the initial tax matters partner within the meaning of Section 6231(a)(7) of the Code (the Tax Matters Partner ). The Partnership shall file as a partnership for federal, state, provincial and local income tax purposes, except where otherwise required by Law. All elections required or permitted to be made by the Partnership, and all other tax decisions and determinations relating to federal, state, provincial or local tax matters of the Partnership, shall be made by the Tax Matters Partner, in consultation with the Partnerships attorneys and/or accountants. Tax audits, controversies and litigations shall be conducted under the direction of the Tax Matters Partner. The Tax Matters Partner shall keep the other Partners reasonably informed as to any tax actions, examinations or proceedings relating to the Partnership and shall submit to the other Partners, for their review and comment, any settlement or compromise offer with respect to any disputed item of income, gain, loss, deduction or credit of the Partnership. As soon as reasonably practicable after the end of each Fiscal Year, the Partnership shall send to each Partner a copy of United States Internal Revenue Service Schedule K-1, and any comparable statements required by applicable United States state or local income tax Law as a result of the Partnerships activities or investments, with respect to such Fiscal Year. The Partnership also shall provide the Partners with such other information as may be reasonably requested for purposes of allowing the Partners to prepare and file their own tax returns. The Partnership shall use any reasonable method or combination of methods in accordance with Section 706(d) of the Code for the purpose of allocating or specifically allocating items of income, gain, loss, deduction and expense of the Partnership for federal income tax purposes to account for the varying interests of the Partners for the Fiscal Year.
Section 5.09. Other Allocation Provisions . Certain of the foregoing provisions and the other provisions of this Agreement relating to the maintenance of Capital Accounts are intended to comply with Treasury Regulations Section 1.704-1 (b) and shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with such regulations. Section 5.03, Section 5.04 and Section 5.05 may be amended at any time by the General Partner if the General Partner believes such amendment is advisable, so long as any such amendment does not materially change the relative economic interests of the Partners. Furthermore, the General Partner shall use its reasonable best efforts to
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cause its subsidiaries to make adjustments to Capital Accounts to reflect an adjustment to the carrying value of such subsidiaries assets consistent with the adjustments to Carrying Values of the Partnerships assets hereunder.
ARTICLE VI
BOOKS AND RECORDS; REPORTS
Section 6.01. Books and Records .
(a) At all times during the continuance of the Partnership, the Partnership shall prepare and maintain separate books of account for the Partnership.
(b) Except as limited by Section 6.01(c), each Limited Partner shall have the right to receive, for a purpose reasonably related to such Limited Partners interest as a Limited Partner in the Partnership, upon reasonable written demand stating the purpose of such demand and at such Limited Partners own expense:
(i) a copy of the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto, together with a copy of the executed copies of all powers of attorney pursuant to which the Certificate and this Agreement and all amendments thereto have been executed; and
(ii) promptly after their becoming available, copies of the Partnerships federal, state and local income tax returns and reports, if any, for the three most recent years.
(c) The General Partner may keep confidential from the Limited Partners, for such period of time as the General Partner determines in its sole discretion, (i) any information that the General Partner reasonably believes to be in the nature of trade secrets or (ii) other information the disclosure of which the General Partner believes is not in the best interests of the Partnership, could damage the Partnership or its business or that the Partnership is required by law or by agreement with any third party to keep confidential.
ARTICLE VII
PARTNERSHIP UNITS
Section 7.01. Units . Interests in the Partnership shall be represented by Units. The Units initially are comprised of one Class: Class A Units. The General Partner may establish, from time to time in accordance with such procedures as the General Partner shall determine from time to time, other Classes, one or more series of any such Classes, or other Partnership securities with such designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties (which may be senior to existing Classes and series of Units or other Partnership securities), as shall be determined by the General Partner, including (i) the right to share in Profits and Losses or items thereof; (ii) the right to share in Partnership distributions; (iii) the rights upon dissolution and liquidation of the Partnership; (iv) whether, and the terms and conditions upon which, the Partnership may or shall be required to redeem the Units or other Partnership securities (including sinking fund provisions); (v) whether such Unit or other Partnership security is issued with the privilege of conversion or exchange and, if so, the terms and conditions of such conversion or exchange; (vi)
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the terms and conditions upon which each Unit or other Partnership security will be issued, evidenced by certificates and assigned or transferred; (vii) the method for determining the Percentage Interest as to such Units or other Partnership securities; and (viii) the right, if any, of the holder of each such Unit or other Partnership security to vote on Partnership matters, including matters relating to the relative designations, preferences, rights, powers and duties of such Units or other Partnership securities. Except as expressly provided in this Agreement to the contrary, any reference to Units shall include the Class A Units and any other Classes that may be established in accordance with this Agreement. All Units of a particular Class shall have identical rights in all respects as all other Units of such Class, except in each case as otherwise specified in this Agreement.
Section 7.02. Register . The register of the Partnership shall be the definitive record of ownership of each Unit and all relevant information with respect to each Partner. Unless the General Partner shall determine otherwise, Units shall be uncertificated and recorded in the books and records of the Partnership.
Section 7.03. Registered Partners . The Partnership shall be entitled to recognize the exclusive right of a Person registered on its records as the owner of Units for all purposes and shall not be bound to recognize any equitable or other claim to or interest in Units on the part of any other Person, whether or not it shall have express or other notice thereof, except as otherwise provided by the Act or other applicable Law.
ARTICLE VIII
FORFEITURE OF INTERESTS; TRANSFER RESTRICTIONS
Section 8.01. Limited Partner Transfers .
(a) Except as provided in clauses (b) and (c) of this Section 8.01, no Limited Partner or Assignee thereof may Transfer (including by exchanging in an Exchange Transaction) all or any portion of its Units or other interest in the Partnership (or beneficial interest therein) without the prior consent of the General Partner, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions (including, without limitation, the receipt of such legal opinions and other documents that the General Partner may require) as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion. Any such determination in the General Partners discretion in respect of Units shall be final and binding. Such determinations need not be uniform and may be made selectively among Limited Partners, whether or not such Limited Partners are similarly situated, and shall not constitute the breach of any duty hereunder or otherwise existing at law, in equity or otherwise. Any purported Transfer of Units that is not in accordance with, or subsequently violates, this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
(b) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.03, each Limited Partner may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units in an Exchange Transaction pursuant to the terms of the Exchange Agreement. In the case of a Transfer of Units in connection with an Exchange Transaction, the Percentage Interests of the Limited Partners shall be appropriately adjusted to provide for, as applicable, a decrease in the number of Units owned by the exchanging Limited Partner and an increase in the number of Units owned by APO Corp.
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(c) Notwithstanding clause (a) above, and subject to Section 8.04, each Limited Partner that is a party to a Roll-up Agreement may exchange or otherwise Transfer Units pursuant to the terms and provisions thereof.
Section 8.02. Encumbrances . No Limited Partner or Assignee may create an Encumbrance with respect to all or any portion of its Units (or any beneficial interest therein) other than Encumbrances that run in favor of the Limited Partner unless the General Partner consents in writing thereto, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in the General Partners sole discretion. Consent of the General Partner shall be withheld until the holder of the Encumbrance acknowledges the terms and conditions of this Agreement. Any purported Encumbrance that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be, to the fullest extent permitted by law, null and void.
Section 8.03. Further Restrictions . Notwithstanding any contrary provision in this Agreement, in no event may any Transfer of a Unit be made by any Limited Partner or Assignee if:
(a) such Transfer is made to any Person who lacks the legal right, power or capacity to own such Unit;
(b) such Transfer would require the registration of such transferred Unit or of any Class of Unit pursuant to any applicable United States federal or state securities laws (including, without limitation, the Securities Act or the Exchange Act) or other non-U.S securities laws (including Canadian provincial or territorial securities laws) or would constitute a non-exempt distribution pursuant to applicable provincial or state securities laws;
(c) such Transfer would cause (i) all or any portion of the assets of the Partnership to (A) constitute plan assets (under ERISA, the Code or any applicable Similar Law) of any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, or (B) be subject to the provisions of ERISA, Section 4975 of the Code or any applicable Similar Law, or (ii) the General Partner to become a fiduciary with respect to any existing or contemplated Limited Partner, pursuant to ERISA, any applicable Similar Law, or otherwise;
(d) to the extent requested by the General Partner, the Partnership does not receive such legal and/or tax opinions and written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as an Assignee) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner, as determined in the General Partners sole discretion; or
(e) such Transfer would create a substantial risk that the Partnership would be classified or otherwise treated other than as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
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Section 8.04. Rights of Assignees . Subject to Section 8.05 and Section 8.06, the transferee of any permitted Transfer pursuant to this Article VIII will be an assignee only ( Assignee ), and only will receive, to the extent transferred, the distributions and allocations of income; gain, loss, deduction, credit or similar item to which the Partner which transferred its Units would be entitled, and such Assignee will not be entitled or enabled to exercise any other rights or powers of a Partner, such other rights, and all obligations relating to, or in connection with, such interest remaining with the transferring Partner. The transferring Partner will remain a Partner even if it has transferred all of its Units to one or more Assignees until such time as the Assignee(s) is admitted to the Partnership as a Partner pursuant to Section 8.05 or Section 8.06.
Section 8.05. Admissions, Withdrawals and Removals .
(a) No Person may be admitted to the Partnership as an additional General Partner or substitute General Partner without the prior written consent or ratification of APO Corp. A General Partner will not be entitled to Transfer all of its Units or to withdraw from being a General Partner of the Partnership unless another General Partner shall have been admitted hereunder (and not have previously been removed or withdrawn).
(b) No Limited Partner will be removed or entitled to withdraw from being a Partner of the Partnership except in accordance with Section 8.07.
(c) Except as otherwise provided in Article IX or the Act, no admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of a Partner will cause the dissolution of the Partnership. To the fullest extent permitted by law, any purported admission, withdrawal or removal that is not in accordance with this Agreement shall be null and void.
Section 8.06. Admission of Assignees as Substitute Limited Partners . An Assignee will become a substitute Limited Partner only if and when each of the following conditions is satisfied:
(a) the General Partner consents in writing to such admission, which consent may be given or withheld, or made subject to such conditions as are determined by the General Partner, in each case in the General Partners sole discretion;
(b) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives written instruments (including, without limitation, copies of any instruments of Transfer and such Assignees consent to be bound by this Agreement as a substitute Limited Partner) that are in a form satisfactory to the General Partner (as determined in its sole discretion);
(c) if required by the General Partner, the General Partner receives an opinion of counsel satisfactory to the General Partner to the effect that such Transfer is in compliance with this Agreement and all applicable Law; and
(d) if required by the General Partner, the parties to the Transfer, or any one of them, pays all of the Partnerships reasonable expenses connected with such Transfer (including, but not limited to, the reasonable legal and accounting fees of the Partnership).
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Section 8.07. Withdrawal and Removal of Limited Partners . If a Limited Partner ceases to hold any Units, then such Limited Partner shall withdraw from the Partnership and shall cease to be a Limited Partner and to have the power to exercise any rights or powers of a Limited Partner.
ARTICLE IX
DISSOLUTION, LIQUIDATION AND TERMINATION
Section 9.01. No Dissolution . Except as required by the Act, the Partnership shall not be dissolved by the admission of additional Partners or withdrawal of Partners in accordance with the terms of this Agreement. The Partnership may be dissolved, liquidated wound up and terminated only pursuant to the provisions of this Article IX, and the Partners hereby irrevocably waive any and all other rights they may have to cause a dissolution of the Partnership or a sale or partition of any or all of the Partnership assets.
Section 9.02. Events Causing Dissolution . The Partnership shall be dissolved and its affairs shall be wound up upon the occurrence of any of the following events:
(a) the entry of a decree of judicial dissolution of the Partnership under Section 17-802 of the Act upon the finding that it is not reasonably practicable to carry on the business of the Partnership in conformity with this Agreement;
(b) any event which makes it unlawful for the business of the Partnership to be carried on by the Partners;
(c) the written consent of the General Partner and APO Corp.;
(d) any other event not inconsistent with any provision hereof causing a dissolution of the Partnership under the Act;
(e) the Incapacity or removal of the General Partner or the occurrence of a Disabling Event with respect to the General Partner; provided that the Partnership will not be dissolved or required to be wound up in connection with any of the events specified in this Section 9.02(e) if: (i) at the time of the occurrence of such event there is at least one other general partner of the Partnership who is hereby authorized to, and elects to, carry on the business of the Partnership; or (ii) APO Corp. consents to or ratifies the continuation of the business of the Partnership and the appointment of another general partner of the Partnership, effective as of the event that caused the General Partner to cease to be a general partner of the Partnership, within 120 days following the occurrence of any such event.
Section 9.03. Distribution upon Dissolution . Upon dissolution, the Partnership shall not be terminated and shall continue until the winding up of the affairs of the Partnership is completed. Upon the dissolution of the Partnership, the General Partner, or any other Person designated by the General Partner (the Liquidation Agent ), shall take full account of the assets and liabilities of the Partnership and shall, unless the General Partner determines otherwise, liquidate the assets of the Partnership as promptly as is consistent with obtaining the fair value thereof. The proceeds of any liquidation shall be applied and distributed in the following order:
(a) First, to the satisfaction of debts and liabilities of the Partnership (including satisfaction of all indebtedness to Partners and/or their Affiliates to the extent otherwise permitted by law) including the expenses of liquidation, and including the establishment of any reserve which the Liquidation Agent shall deem reasonably necessary for any contingent, conditional or unmatured contractual liabilities or obligations of the Partnership ( Contingencies ). Any such reserve may be paid over by the Liquidation Agent to any attorney-at-law, or acceptable party, as escrow agent, to be held for disbursement in payment of any Contingencies and, at the expiration of such period as shall be deemed advisable by the Liquidation Agent for distribution of the balance in the manner hereinafter provided in this Section 9.03;
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(b) Second, pro rata based on the maximum amounts distributable under clauses (i) and (ii) of this Section 9.03(b), (i) to APO Corp., the Undistributed Special Allocation Amount and (ii) to AP Professional, the aggregate amount allocated to AP Professional pursuant to Section 5.05(j), until APO Corp. has received distributions pursuant to this Section 9.03(b) of the Undistributed Special Allocation Amount and AP Professional has received distributions pursuant to this Section 9.03(b) of the aggregate amount allocated to it pursuant to Section 5.05(j); and
(c) The balance, if any, to the Partners, pro rata to each of the Partners in accordance with their Percentage Interests.
Section 9.04. Time for Liquidation . A reasonable amount of time shall be allowed for the orderly liquidation of the assets of the Partnership and the discharge of liabilities to creditors so as to enable the Liquidation Agent to minimize the losses attendant upon such liquidation.
Section 9.05. Termination . The Partnership shall terminate when all of the assets of the Partnership, after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership, shall have been distributed to the holders of Units in the manner provided for in this Article IX, and the Certificate shall have been cancelled in the manner required by the Act.
Section 9.06. Claims of the Partners . The Partners shall look solely to the Partnerships assets for the return of their Capital Contributions, and if the assets of the Partnership remaining after payment of or due provision for all debts, liabilities and obligations of the Partnership are insufficient to return such Capital Contributions, the Partners shall have no recourse against the Partnership or any other Partner or any other Person. No Partner with a negative balance in such Partners Capital Account shall have any obligation to the Partnership or to the other Partners or to any creditor or other Person to restore such negative balance during the existence of the Partnership, upon dissolution or termination of the Partnership or otherwise, except to the extent required by the Act.
Section 9.07. Survival of Certain Provisions . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the provisions of Section 10.02 and Section 11.09 shall survive the termination of the Partnership.
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ARTICLE X
LIABILITY AND INDEMNIFICATION
Section 10.01. Liability of Partners .
(a) No Limited Partner shall be liable for any debt, obligation or liability of the Partnership or of any other Partner or have any obligation to restore any deficit balance in its Capital Account solely by reason of being a Partner of the Partnership, except to the extent required by the Act.
(b) Except as required by law, this Agreement is not intended to, and does not, create or impose any fiduciary duty on any of the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) hereto or on their respective Affiliates. Further, the Partners hereby eliminated, to the fullest extent permitted by law, any and all fiduciary duties that, absent such elimination, may exist at or be implied by Law or in equity, and in doing so, recognize, acknowledge and agree that their duties and obligations to one another and to the Partnership are only as expressly set forth in this Agreement and those required by the Act.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or to another Partner, the Partners (including without limitation, the General Partner) acting under this Agreement will not be liable to the Partnership or to any such other Partner for their good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities relating thereto of any Partner (including without limitation, the General Partner) otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate to that extent such other duties and liabilities of the Partners relating thereto (including without limitation, the General Partner).
(d) The General Partner may consult with legal counsel, accountants and financial or other advisors and any act or omission suffered or taken by the General Partner on behalf of the Partnership or in furtherance of the interests of the Partnership in good faith in reliance upon and in accordance with the advice of such counsel, accountants or financial or other advisors will, with respect to the Partnership and the other Partners, be full justification for any such act or omission, and the General Partner will be fully protected from liability to the Partnership and the other Partners in so acting or omitting to act so long as such counsel or accountants or financial or other advisors were selected with reasonable care.
(e) To the fullest extent permitted by law and notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement or any agreement contemplated herein or otherwise applicable provision of law or equity, whenever in this Agreement the General Partner is permitted or required to make a decision (i) in its sole discretion or discretion or under a grant of similar authority or latitude, such General Partner shall be entitled to consider only such interests and factors as it desires, including its own interests, and shall have no duty or obligation to give any consideration to any interest of or factors affecting the Partnership or
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the Limited Partners, or (ii) in its good faith or under another expressed standard, such General Partner shall act under such express standard and shall not be subject to any other or different standards.
Section 10.02. Indemnification .
(a) The General Partner (including, without limitation, for this purpose each former and present director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, employee and stockholder of the General Partner) and each Limited Partner (including any former Limited Partner), in his capacity, as such, and to the extent such Limited Partner participates, directly or indirectly, in the Partnerships activities (each, a Covered Person and collectively, the Covered Persons ) shall not be liable to the Partnership or, to the extent applicable, to any of the other Partners for any loss, claim, damage or liability occasioned by any acts or omissions in the performance of its services hereunder, unless it shall ultimately be determined by final judicial decision from which there is no further right to appeal (a Final Adjudication ) that such loss, claim, damage or liability is due to an act or omission of a Covered Person (i) made in bad faith or with criminal intent or (ii) that adversely affected the Partnership and that failed to satisfy the duty of care owed pursuant to the Partnership (as modified by this Agreement).
(b) A Covered Person shall be indemnified to the fullest extent permitted by law by the Partnership against any losses, claims, damages, liabilities, and expenses (including attorneys fees, judgments, fines, penalties and amounts paid in settlement) incurred by or imposed upon him by reason of or in connection with any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person arising out of the Covered Persons status as a Partner or its activities on behalf of the Partnership, including in connection with any action, suit, investigation or proceeding before any judicial, administrative, regulatory or legislative body or agency to which it may be made a party or otherwise involved or with which it shall be threatened by reason of being or having been the General Partner or by reason of serving or having served as a director, officer, consultant, advisor, manager, member, partner, employee or stockholder of any enterprise in which the Partnership or any of its Affiliates has or had a financial interest; provided that the Partnership may, but shall not be required to, indemnify a Covered Person with respect to any matter as to which there has been a Final Adjudication that its acts or its failure to act (i) were in bad faith or with criminal intent, or (ii) were of a nature that makes indemnification by the relevant Affiliate unavailable. The right to indemnification granted by this Section 10.02 shall be in addition to any rights to which a Covered Person may otherwise be entitled and shall inure to the benefit of the successors by operation of law or valid assigns of such Covered Person. The Partnership shall pay the expenses incurred by a Covered Person in defending a civil or criminal action, suit, investigation or proceeding in advance of the final disposition of such, action, suit, investigation or proceeding, upon receipt of an undertaking by the Covered Person to repay such payment if there shall be a Final Adjudication that it is not entitled to indemnification as provided herein. In any suit brought by the Covered Person to enforce a right to indemnification hereunder it shall be a defense that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02, and in any suit in the name of the Partnership to recover expenses advanced pursuant to the terms of an undertaking the Partnership shall be entitled to recover such expenses upon Final Adjudication that the Covered Person has not met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in this Section 10.02. In any such suit brought to enforce a right to indemnification or to recover an advancement of expenses pursuant to the terms of an
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undertaking, the burden of proving that the Covered Person is not entitled to be indemnified, or to an advancement of expenses, shall be on the Partnership (or any Limited Partner acting derivatively or otherwise on behalf of the Partnership or the Limited Partners). The General Partner may not satisfy any right of indemnity or reimbursement granted in this Section 10.02 or to which it may be otherwise entitled except out of the assets of the Partnership (including, without limitation, insurance proceeds and rights pursuant to indemnification agreements), and no Partner shall be personally liable with respect to any such claim for indemnity or reimbursement. The General Partner may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02 and obtain appropriate insurance coverage on behalf and at the expense of the Partnership to secure the Partnerships indemnification obligations hereunder and may enter into appropriate indemnification agreements and/or arrangements reflective of the provisions of this Section 10.02. Each Covered Person shall be deemed a third party beneficiary (to the extent not a direct party hereto) to this Agreement and, in particular, the provisions of this Section 10.02.
(c) To the extent that, at law or in equity, a Covered Person has duties (including fiduciary duties) and liabilities relating thereto to the Partnership or the Partners, the Covered Person shall not be liable to the Partnership or to any Partner for its good faith reliance on the provisions of this Agreement. The provisions of this Agreement, to the extent that they restrict or eliminate the duties and liabilities of a Covered Person otherwise existing at law or in equity to the Partnership or the Partners, are agreed by the Partners to replace or eliminate such other duties and liabilities of each such Covered Person.
ARTICLE XI
MISCELLANEOUS
Section 11.01. Severability . If any term or other provision of this Agreement is held to be invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced by any rule of Law, or public policy, all other conditions and provisions of this Agreement shall nevertheless remain in full force and effect so long as the economic or legal substance of the transactions is not affected in any manner materially adverse to any party. Upon a determination that any term or other provision is invalid, illegal or incapable of being enforced, the parties hereto shall negotiate in good faith to modify this Agreement so as to effect the original intent of the parties as closely as possible in a mutually acceptable manner in order that the transactions contemplated hereby be consummated as originally contemplated to the fullest extent possible.
Section 11.02. Notices . All notices, requests, claims, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be given (and shall be deemed to have been duly given upon receipt) by delivery in person, by courier service, by fax, by electronic mail (delivery receipt requested) or by registered or certified mail (postage prepaid, return receipt requested) to the respective parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a party as shall be specified in a notice given in accordance with this Section 11.02):
(a) | If to the Partnership, to: |
Apollo Management Holdings, L.P.
c/o Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
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(b) | If to any Limited Partner, to: |
Apollo Management Holdings, L.P.
c/o Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
(c) | If to the General Partner, to: |
Apollo Management Holdings GP, LLC
9 West 57 th St., 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
Section 11.03. Cumulative Remedies . The rights and remedies provided by this Agreement are cumulative and the use of any one right or remedy by any party shall not preclude or waive its right to use any or all other remedies. Said rights and remedies are given in addition to any other rights the parties may have by Law.
Section 11.04. Binding Effect . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of all of the parties and, to the extent permitted by this Agreement, their successors, executors, administrators, heirs, legal representatives and assigns.
Section 11.05. Interpretation . Throughout this Agreement, nouns, pronouns and verbs shall be construed as masculine, feminine, neuter, singular or plural, whichever shall be applicable. Unless otherwise specified, all references herein to Articles, Sections and paragraphs shall refer to corresponding provisions of this Agreement.
Section 11.06. Counterparts . This Agreement may be executed and delivered (including by facsimile transmission or other electronic means) in one or more counterparts, and by the different parties hereto in separate counterparts, each of which when executed and delivered shall be deemed to be an original but all of which taken together shall constitute one and the same agreement. Copies of executed counterparts transmitted by telecopy or other electronic transmission service shall be considered original executed counterparts for purposes of this Section 11.06.
Section 11.07. Further Assurances . Each Limited Partner shall perform all other acts and execute and deliver all other documents as may be necessary or appropriate to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.
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Section 11.08. Entire Agreement .
(a) This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement among the parties hereto pertaining to the subject matter hereof and supersedes all prior agreements and understandings pertaining thereto.
(b) For the avoidance of doubt, each of the Limited Partners that serve as a senior managing director of any of the Apollo Operating Group entities or their subsidiaries may from time to time enter into agreements with the Partnership in respect of the terms of such service.
Section 11.09. Governing Law . This Agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware. To the fullest extent permitted by applicable law, the General Partner and each Limited Partner hereby agree that any claim, action or proceeding by any Limited Partner seeking any relief whatsoever based on, arising out of or in connection with, this Agreement or the Partnerships business or affairs shall be brought only in the Chancery Court of the State of Delaware (or other appropriate state court in the State of Delaware) or the federal courts located in the State of Delaware, and not in any other state or federal court in the United States of America or any court in any other country. EACH PARTNER HEREBY IRREVOCABLY WAIVES, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, ANY AND ALL RIGHT TO A TRIAL BY JURY IN ANY LEGAL PROCEEDING ARISING OUT OF OR RELATED TO THIS AGREEMENT OR THE TRANSACTIONS CONTEMPLATED HEREBY .
Section 11.10. Expenses . Except as otherwise specified in this Agreement, the Partnership shall be responsible for all costs and expenses, including, without limitation, fees and disbursements of counsel, financial advisors and accountants, incurred in connection with its operation.
Section 11.11. Amendments and Waivers .
(a) This Agreement (including the Annexes hereto) may be amended, supplemented, waived or modified by the written consent of the General Partner; provided that any amendment that would have a material adverse effect on the rights or preferences of any Class of Units in relation to other Classes of Units must be approved by the holders of not less than a majority of the Percentage Interests of the Class affected; provided further , that the General Partner may, without the written consent of any Limited Partner or any other Person, amend, supplement, waive or modify any provision of this Agreement and execute, swear to, acknowledge, deliver, file and record whatever documents may be required in connection therewith, to reflect: (i) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate in connection with the creation, authorization or issuance of any class or series of equity interest in the Partnership; (ii) the admission, substitution, withdrawal or removal of Partners in accordance with this Agreement; (iii) a change in the name of the Partnership, the location of the principal place of business of the Partnership, the registered agent of the Partnership or the registered office of the Partnership; (iv) any amendment, supplement, waiver or modification that the General Partner determines in its sole discretion to be necessary or appropriate to address changes in United States federal income tax regulations, legislation or interpretation; and (v) a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership and any other changes that the General Partner determines to be necessary or appropriate as a result of a change in the Fiscal Year or taxable year of the Partnership including a change in the dates on which distributions are to be made by the Partnership.
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(b) No failure or delay by any party in exercising any right, power or privilege hereunder (other than a failure or delay beyond a period of time specified herein) shall operate as a waiver thereof nor shall any single or partial exercise thereof preclude any other or further exercise thereof or the exercise of any other right, power or privilege. The rights and remedies herein provided shall be cumulative and not exclusive of any rights or remedies provided by Law.
(c) The General Partner may, in its sole discretion, unilaterally amend this Agreement on or before the effective date of the final regulations to provide for (i) the election of a safe harbor under Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.83-3(1) (or any similar provision) under which the fair market value of a partnership interest that is transferred is treated as being equal to the liquidation value of that interest, (ii) an agreement by the Partnership and each of its Partners to comply with all of the requirements set forth in such regulations and Notice 2005-43 (and any other guidance provided by the Internal Revenue Service with respect to such election) with respect to all partnership interests transferred in connection with the performance of services while the election remains effective, and (iii) any other related amendments.
(d) Except as may be otherwise required by law in connection with the winding-up, liquidation, or dissolution of the Partnership, each Partner hereby irrevocably waives any and all rights that it may have to maintain an action for judicial accounting or for partition of any of the Partnerships property.
(e) Upon obtaining such approvals required by this Agreement and without further action or execution by any other Person, including any Limited Partner, (i) any amendment to this Agreement may be implemented and reflected in a writing executed solely by the General Partner, and (ii) the Limited Partners shall be deemed a party to and bound by such amendment of this Agreement.
Section 11.12. No Third Party Beneficiaries . This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure solely to the benefit of the parties hereto and their permitted assigns and successors and nothing herein, express or implied, is intended to or shall confer upon any other Person or entity, any legal or equitable right, benefit or remedy of any nature whatsoever under or by reason of this Agreement (other than pursuant to Section 10.02).
Section 11.13. Headings . The headings and subheadings in this Agreement are included for convenience and identification only and are in no way intended to describe, interpret, define or limit the scope, extent or intent of this Agreement or any provision hereof.
Section 11.14. Construction . Each party hereto acknowledges and agrees it has had the opportunity to draft, review and edit the language of this Agreement and that it is the intent of the parties hereto that no presumption for or against any party arising out of drafting all or any part of this Agreement will be applied in any dispute relating to, in connection with or involving this Agreement. Accordingly, the parties hereby waive to the fullest extent permitted by law the benefit of any rule of Law or any legal decision that would require that in cases of uncertainty, the language of a contract should be interpreted most strongly against the party who drafted such language.
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Section 11.15. Power of Attorney . Each Limited Partner, by its execution hereof, hereby irrevocably makes, constitutes and appoints the General Partner as its true and lawful agent and attorney in fact, with full power of substitution and full power and authority in its name, place and stead, to make, execute, sign, acknowledge, swear to, record and file (a) any amendment to this Agreement that has been adopted as herein provided; (b) all certificates and other instruments (including consents and ratifications which the Limited Partners have agreed to provide upon a matter receiving the agreed support of Limited Partners) deemed advisable by the General Partner to carry out the provisions of this Agreement (including the provisions of Section 8.04) and Law or to permit the Partnership to become or to continue as a limited partnership or partnership wherein the Limited Partners have limited liability in each jurisdiction where the Partnership may be doing business; (c) all instruments that the General Partner deems appropriate to reflect a change or modification of this Agreement or the Partnership in accordance with this Agreement, including, without limitation, the admission of additional Limited Partners or substituted Limited Partners pursuant to the provisions of this Agreement; (d) all conveyances and other instruments or papers deemed advisable by the General Partner to effect the liquidation and termination of the Partnership; and (e) all fictitious or assumed name certificates required or permitted (in light of the Partnerships activities) to be filed on behalf of the Partnership.
Section 11.16. Letter Agreements; Schedules . Notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement, including Section 11.11, it is hereby acknowledged and agreed that the General Partner on its own behalf or on behalf of the Partnership without the approval of any Limited Partner or any other Person may enter into a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner which has the effect of establishing rights under, or altering or supplementing the terms of, this Agreement. The parties hereto agree that any terms contained in a side letter or similar agreement to or with a Limited Partner shall govern with respect to such Limited Partner notwithstanding the provisions of this Agreement. The General Partner may from time to time execute and deliver to the Limited Partners schedules which set forth information contained in the books and records of the Partnership and any other matters deemed appropriate by the General Partner. Such schedules shall be for information purposes only and shall not be deemed to be part of this Agreement for any purpose whatsoever.
Section 11.17. Partnership Status . The parties intend to treat the Partnership as a partnership for United States federal income tax purposes.
[Signature Page Follows]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the parties hereto have executed this Agreement of the date first written above.
General Partner: | APOLLO MANAGEMENT HOLDINGS GP, LLC | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
Limited Partners: | APO CORP. | |||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President | ||||||
AP PROFESSIONAL HOLDINGS, L.P. | ||||||
By: | BRH Holdings GP, Ltd., | |||||
its general partner | ||||||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
|||||
Name: John J. Suydam | ||||||
Title: Vice President |
Apollo Management Holdings, L.P.
Third Amended and Restated LPA
Signature Page
Annex A
Exhibit 10.28
APOLLO GLOBAL MANAGEMENT, LLC
9 West 57 th Street, 43 rd Floor
New York, NY 10019
[ ], 20[ ]
[ ]
c/o Apollo Global Management, LLC
9 West 57th Street
New York, NY 10019
Dear [ ]:
In connection with your activities directly and indirectly on behalf of one or more of the entities set forth on Annex A hereto (collectively, the Indemnitors), including, without limitation, activities respecting one or more of the entities set forth on Annex B hereto (the Apollo Funds) or the Portfolio Companies (as defined below), each of the Indemnitors, jointly and severally, hereby confirms the extension to you as an indemnified party (you or Indemnified Party) of indemnification benefits as provided herein. Notwithstanding the affiliations of, and certain of the common obligations by, the Indemnitors herein, nothing shall be construed in a manner (i) to view funds and/or property of each of the Indemnitors as commingled funds and/or property of any or all the other Indemnitors, (ii) to, inter alia, diminish the legal separateness and/or identity of each such entity respecting its underlying (investment) management obligations relating to its corresponding (managed) Apollo Fund or (iii) to support a claim against assets of an Apollo Fund for activities unrelated to such Apollo Fund.
1. | Indemnification . |
a. |
Each of the Indemnitors agrees, jointly and severally, to indemnify, defend, protect and hold you (as the Indemnified Party) harmless, to the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, including, without limitation, from and against any and all losses, claims, damages, demands, deficiencies, threats, liabilities, obligations, costs and expenses, including, without limitation, judgments, fines, penalties, amounts paid in settlement or otherwise, including associated tax liabilities in respect of any such payments, and the reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel and other professionals, experts and advisors (collectively, Losses), arising out of or relating to any civil, administrative, regulatory or criminal action, governmental investigation, inquiry, arbitration or other proceeding or claim of any kind, or any threat thereof, whether or not matured or inchoate, known or unknown, suspected or unsuspected, vested or contingent, formal or informal, or arising from past, present or future activities (a Proceeding) incurred or suffered by or imposed upon you in connection with or related to (i) you serving or being asked to serve, or otherwise being associated with, whether prior to, on or subsequent to the date hereof (A) as a director, officer, member, manager, shareholder, agent, consultant, representative, employee, attorney, advisor or partner of, or otherwise being or being asked to be associated with, or as a member of an official or unofficial committee of creditors |
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of, or in any other capacity with respect to, any Indemnitor or Apollo Fund, or any affiliate of any Indemnitor or any Apollo Fund (including, without limitation, any entity in which an Apollo Fund had, has or may have in the future an investment or other direct or indirect financial interest including any subsidiary or affiliate thereof (herein, Portfolio Company)), or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other entity at the request of, or upon appointment by, any Indemnitor, Apollo Fund or Portfolio Company, or any affiliate of any Indemnitor, Apollo Fund or Portfolio Company), or (B) as a witness in any Proceeding (including, but not limited to, the giving of testimony by deposition or otherwise) in connection with or arising from any matter referred to in clause (A) above, or (ii) any act or omission, or alleged act or omission, whether arising prior to, on or subsequent to the date hereof, by (X) you in connection with or arising from any matter referred to in clause (i)(A) or (B) above or (Y) any of the Indemnitors, Apollo Funds or Portfolio Companies, or any of the directors, officers, agents, consultants, affiliates, partners, members, managers, shareholders, employees, attorneys, advisors or representatives of any of the Indemnitors, Apollo Funds or Portfolio Companies, or (iii) the enforcement of your rights hereunder. The Indemnitors will promptly reimburse you for all Losses as they are incurred by you and in advance of the final disposition of any Proceeding upon your written demand in connection with investigating, preparing or defending any such Proceeding; provided however, that you hereby agree to repay to the respective Indemnitors any and all expense reimbursement and/or advancement, but only to the extent it is determined by final adjudication from which there is no further right of appeal that the Losses relating to such Proceeding, for which expenses were reimbursed or advanced, were the result of your acts or failure to act which were in bad faith or with criminal intent. The Indemnitors hereby agree that any service, act or omission (including, without limitation, any board or official or unofficial committee representation) by you respecting the investment activities of one or more of the Indemnitors and/or one or more of the Apollo Funds or their respective affiliates (including, without limitation, any of the Portfolio Companies) is at the request and direction of and on behalf of one or more of the Indemnitors and/or one or more of the Apollo Funds or their respective affiliates (including, without limitation, any of the Portfolio Companies). The Indemnitors hereby further agree that in the event of any change in applicable law, statute or rule which narrows the right of an Indemnitor to indemnify you, such changes, to the extent not otherwise required by such law, statute or rule to be applied to this Agreement, shall have no effect on this Agreement or the rights and obligations hereunder. |
b. |
You hereby represent and warrant to the Indemnitors that the only boards of directors or official or unofficial committees that you are presently a member of or are otherwise associated with at the request and/or on behalf of one or more of the Indemnitors, the Apollo Funds and/or Portfolio Companies that are not an Indemnitor, an Apollo Fund or a Portfolio Company are set forth on Annex C hereto (it being understood that the indemnity benefits extended hereby also cover any such representation prior to the date hereof on boards of directors or official or unofficial committees that are not listed Annex C). You further agree to notify |
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the General Counsel of the Indemnitors of any future change in the entities listed on Annex C and the General Counsel shall either amend Annex C hereto to add such change or promptly give you notice that Annex C hereto will not be changed. The indemnity benefits extended hereby shall not be applicable for Losses relating to actions or omissions occurring with respect to (i) any board or official or unofficial committee representation subsequent to such time as you are requested to terminate such representation by one or more of the Indemnitors or (ii) any entity after the date hereof other than an Indemnitor, an Apollo Fund or a Portolio Company that is not listed on Annex C hereto or is not added thereto subsequent to the date hereof in accordance with this Agreement. |
c. | Notwithstanding paragraph 1(a) above, the Indemnitors will not be responsible for, and shall not be required to indemnify you in respect of any Losses incurred or suffered by you only to the extent such Losses are the subject of a final adjudication from which there is no further right of appeal, establishing that your acts or omissions giving rise to such Losses were the result of your acts or failure to act which were in bad faith or with criminal intent. The termination of any Proceeding or of any issue or matter therein by judgment, order, settlement or conviction without a finding, admission or consent to your criminal intent or bad faith, shall not adversely affect your right to indemnification under this Agreement. The knowledge, actions or omissions of any or all of the Indemnitors, the Apollo Funds, the Portfolio Companies, or any or all of their respective affiliates or of any or all of their respective directors, officers, members, managers, shareholders, agents, consultants, representatives, employees, attorneys, advisors or partners, shall not be imputed to you for purposes of determining your right to indemnification under this Agreement. |
d. | It is recognized that certain Losses may arise from actions (or omissions) respecting a particular Apollo Fund and/or Portfolio Company of such Fund. In such cases, the relevant Indemnitor, and in turn, you as an Indemnified Party, will be a direct and indirect beneficiary of indemnity from the Apollo Fund and/or Portfolio Company of such Apollo Fund. |
e. | Notwithstanding the foregoing, it is recognized and understood that the funds and properties of each Apollo Fund are maintained separately and not commingled with the funds and properties of the other Apollo Funds and further that the investment activities of each Apollo Fund are several in nature respecting each other Apollo Fund. As such, notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, assets or other property of one Apollo Fund shall not be available to satisfy claims arising in connection with the investment or other activities of another Apollo Fund. |
f. | The Indemnitors also agree that you shall not have any liability to any or all of the Indemnitors or any or all of their affiliates or any or all of their respective directors, officers, members, managers, shareholders, agents, consultants, representatives, employees, attorneys, advisors or partners for or in connection with, any matter for which you are entitled to indemnity hereunder. |
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g. | Notwithstanding any provision herein to the contrary, satisfaction of any claims for Losses incurred shall be limited to (i) the assets and properties of the Indemnitors, including, without limitation, their respective claims and interests in the Apollo Funds, as applicable, (ii) the assets and properties of the applicable Portfolio Companies, with respect to Losses arising out of their respective activities to the extent you are indemnified by the applicable Portfolio Company and (iii) applicable insurance proceeds. Nothing herein shall obligate or expose any director, officer, member, manager, shareholder, agent, consultant, representative, employee, attorney, advisor or partner of an Indemnitor, solely by reason of such persons interest therein or capacity therewith, to satisfy any indemnity herein beyond the then existing assets of such Indemnitor, including, without limitation, any available insurance proceeds. |
h. | The indemnities provided herein shall survive the termination or completion of your employment or performance of activities or other services on behalf of any or all of the Indemnitors and/or any or all of the Apollo Funds and/or any or all of the Portfolio Companies and/or any or all of the entities listed on Annex C hereto (including any additions thereto), and shall continue in effect for your benefit irrespective of (i) your status as an active or Retired Partner or former member or owner of an Indemnitor or (ii) whether any such termination or completion of employment, or retirement or withdrawal as a partner, member or owner, was for cause or without cause. |
i. | As a condition to and as further consideration for the indemnification benefits provided herein, you will provide reasonable cooperation, on such terms and at such times as may reasonably be requested, to any and all of the Indemnitors and their respective counsel, other professionals, experts and advisors respecting any Proceeding and/or Losses affecting you or one or more of the Indemnitors, Apollo Funds, Portfolio Companies, entities listed on Annex C hereto (including any additions thereto) or any of their respective affiliates. |
j. | Upon the payment of any indemnification obligation hereunder with respect to a Loss or Proceeding which was the basis for such indemnification obligation, the applicable Indemnitor(s) shall be subrogated to the rights of the Indemnified Party in respect of any payment regarding such Loss or Proceeding with respect to which such amount has been paid by any Indemnitor hereunder (unless such rights are released or waived in connection with the settlement or other disposition of a Proceeding approved by one or more Indemnitors); provided, however, that the foregoing shall not in and of itself extinguish any unpaid or unsatisfied rights the Indemnified Party has against any third party or any Indemnitor regarding such Loss or Proceeding. |
2. | Settlement of Proceedings . |
a. |
You agree that you will not settle, compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment as to the Indemnified Party in any pending or threatened Proceeding (whether or not you are an actual or potential party to such Proceeding) in which you have sought indemnification hereunder without the Indemnitors prior written |
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consent, which consent may be given or withheld in their sole discretion, unless such settlement, compromise or consent respecting such Proceeding includes an unconditional release of you and does not (i) require or impose any injunctive or other non-monetary remedy on any Indemnitor, Apollo Fund or their respective affiliates, (ii) require or impose an admission or consent as to any wrongdoing by any Indemnitor, Apollo Fund or their respective affiliates, or (iii) otherwise result in a direct or indirect payment by or monetary cost to any Indemnitor, Apollo Fund or their respective affiliates. |
b. | The Indemnitors agree that they will not settle, compromise or consent to the entry of any judgment as to the Indemnified Party in any pending or threatened Proceeding (whether or not you are an actual or potential party to such Proceeding) in which you have sought indemnification hereunder without your prior written consent, which consent may be given or withheld in your sole discretion, unless such settlement, compromise or consent includes an unconditional release of you and does not (i) require or impose any injunctive or other non-monetary remedy on you, (ii) require or impose an admission or consent as to any wrongdoing by you or (iii) otherwise result in a direct or indirect payment by or monetary cost to you personally (as opposed to a payment to be made or cost to be paid by an Indemnitor on your behalf). |
3. |
Notice and Procedure for Indemnification . Promptly after receipt by you of any threat, demand, notice of any complaint or the commencement of any Proceeding with respect to which indemnification may be sought by you hereunder, you will notify the Indemnitors in writing thereof, but your failure to notify the Indemnitors will not relieve the Indemnitors from any liability which the Indemnitors may have hereunder except to the extent that the Indemnitors are materially prejudiced thereby, but will not in any event relieve the Indemnitors from any other obligation or liability that the Indemnitors may have to you otherwise than under this Agreement. If the Indemnitors so elect or are requested by you, the Indemnitors will assume the defense of such Proceeding, including the employment of counsel reasonably satisfactory to you and the Indemnitors and the payment of the fees and disbursements of such counsel. In the event, however, that (a) you reasonably determine at any time that having such counsel would present such counsel with a conflict of interest or if the defendants in, or targets of, any such Proceeding include both you and any or all of the Indemnitors or any of their respective directors, officers, partners, members, managers, shareholders, or any of the Apollo Funds, and you reasonably conclude that there may be legal defenses available to you that are different from or in addition to those available to the Indemnitors, the Apollo Funds or such other persons, or (b) the Proceeding involves allegations of any criminal acts or criminal conduct by you, or is before or threatened by any regulatory agency or commission, or (c) if the Indemnitors fail to assume the defense of the Proceeding or to employ counsel reasonably satisfactory to you, in either case in a timely manner, then, in the case of (a), (b) or (c) above, you may employ separate counsel to represent or defend you in any such Proceeding and the Indemnitors will pay in advance (subject to the terms and conditions hereof) of the final disposition of such Proceeding upon your written demand the reasonable fees and disbursements of such counsel; provided , however , |
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that the Indemnitors will not be required to pay the fees and disbursements of more than one separate counsel for you in any jurisdiction in any single Proceeding. In any Proceeding the defense of which the Indemnitors assume that does not entitle you to exercise the rights set forth in the preceding sentence, you will have the right to participate in such Proceeding and to retain your own counsel at your own expense. |
4. | Remedies . In any claim by you to enforce a right of indemnification or advancement of expenses, or by any Indemnitor to recover any amounts advanced to you hereunder, such Indemnitor(s) shall have the burden of proving that you are not entitled to indemnification, or that such Indemnitor(s) is entitled to the repayment of any such advance under this Agreement. If you are successful, in whole or in part, in any such claim, you shall be entitled to be paid all expenses, including, without limitation, reasonable fees and disbursements of counsel and other professionals, experts and advisors, of prosecuting or defending such claim, including enforcing this Agreement. |
5. | Contribution . To the extent permitted by law, the Indemnitors agree that if any indemnification sought by you pursuant to this Agreement is held by a court of competent jurisdiction, pursuant to a final adjudication from which there is no further right of appeal, to be unavailable for any reason other than as specified in paragraphs 1(b) and 1(c) above, then the Indemnitors and you will contribute to the Losses for which such indemnification is held unavailable in such proportion as is appropriate to reflect the relative benefits to the Indemnitors, on the one hand, and you, on the other hand, in connection with activities taken on the Indemnitors behalf in connection with your employment with any Indemnitor or any affiliate thereof, or which relate to or arise out of activities on behalf of any of the Indemnitors. |
6. | Nonexclusivity; No Impairment of Rights . The indemnity, reimbursement and contribution obligations of the Indemnitors under this Agreement shall be in addition to any rights that you may have at common law or otherwise. Further, nothing contained herein shall be deemed to impair, restrict or prevent any party from exercising any rights or remedies otherwise available to him, her or it under law upon any default by any other party hereunder. |
7. | Insurance . Without limiting any other provision of this Agreement, to the extent that an Indemnitor maintains, or in the future should obtain, an insurance policy or policies providing liability insurance for persons serving on behalf of any Indemnitor, Apollo Fund or Portfolio Company or another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other entity in any capacity at the request of an Indemnitor, Apollo Fund or Portfolio Company, or any of their respective affiliates, the Indemnitors shall use their best efforts to include you as an insured person at their expense under such policy or policies in accordance with its or their terms to the maximum extent of the coverage available for any such person under such policy or policies and, to the extent applicable, you shall be a (third party) beneficiary thereof; provided that to the extent applicable and reasonably necessary you shall abide by applicable provisions in such insurance program respecting, among other things, your cooperation and employment of counsel approved by the insurer, etc. |
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8. | Authorization; Enforceability . Each Indemnitor hereby represents and warrants as follows: |
a. | The charter and governing documents authorize the Indemnitor to enter into this letter agreement. The execution of this letter agreement does not violate or otherwise conflict with any agreement, arrangement or obligation of the Indemnitor. |
b. | This letter agreement has been duly authorized, executed and delivered, and it constitutes the legal, valid and binding obligation of each Indemnitor, enforceable against each Indemnitor, its successors and assigns in accordance with its terms. |
9. | Notices . All notices, requests, demands and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed to have been duly given if (i) delivered personally and receipted for by the party to whom said notice or other communication shall have been directed, or (ii) mailed by certified or registered first-class mail, return receipt requested, with postage prepaid, on the third business day after the date on which it is so mailed: |
a. | If to you, to the address set forth on the first page hereof. |
b. | If to an Indemnitor, to: |
c/o Apollo Global Management, LLC
9 West 57th Street
New York, NY 10019
Attention: General Counsel
or to such other address as may have been furnished to you by an Indemnitor or to an Indemnitor by you, as the case may be.
10. | Amendments . No supplement, modification or amendment of this Agreement shall be binding on you or any other party unless executed in writing by each of the parties hereto. No waiver of any of the provisions of this Agreement shall be deemed or shall constitute a waiver of any other provision hereof (whether or not similar) nor shall such waiver constitute a continuing waiver. |
11. | Assignment . All rights and privileges hereunder shall inure to the benefit of your heirs, executors and administrators and all obligations of the Indemnitors shall be binding upon their respective successors and legal representatives. Subject to the foregoing, neither you nor any Indemnitor may assign any rights or delegate any duties hereunder without the prior written consent of the other parties. |
12. |
Severability; Construction . If this letter agreement or any portion thereof shall be invalidated on any ground by any court of competent jurisdiction, then each Indemnitor shall nevertheless indemnify you to the fullest extent permitted by any applicable portion of this letter agreement that shall not have been invalidated and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. To the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this letter agreement (including, without limitation, each portion of any provision of this letter agreement containing any such provision held to be invalid, |
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illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable) shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable. In this regard, if the court finds any provision of this letter agreement to be invalid due to the scope thereof, the court shall have the right to reduce the scope of such provision in order to render it enforceable. Further, this letter agreement shall not be construed against one party or the other by reason of any one partys preparation hereof. |
13. | Jurisdiction and Venue . The parties hereby consent to exclusive jurisdiction, service and venue in any federal or state court in the county, city and state of New York. |
14. | Governing Law . This letter agreement shall be governed by and construed in accordance with the laws of the State of Delaware without regard to conflicts of laws principles. |
15. | Joint and Several Liability . The Indemnitors shall be jointly and severally liable for the payment and performance of their obligations hereunder. |
16. | Counterparts . This letter agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but when taken together, shall constitute one and the same instrument. |
[next page is signature page]
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Very truly yours, |
||
INDEMNITORS |
||
Apollo Global Management, LLC |
||
By: | AGM Management, LLC | |
Its Manager | ||
By: |
|
|
Name: | ||
Title: | ||
[OTHER INDEMNITORS] |
||
By: |
|
|
Name: | ||
Title: |
Indemnification Letter Agreement
Signature Page
INDEMNIFIED PARTY |
||
By: |
|
|
Name: |
Indemnification Letter Agreement
Signature Page
ANNEX A
SCHEDULE OF INDEMNITORS
The following entities shall be the Indemnitors as referenced in the accompanying Indemnification Agreement:
[ ]
A-1
ANNEX B
SCHEDULE OF APOLLO FUNDS
The following sets forth the Apollo Funds 1 as referenced in the accompanying Indemnification Agreement:
[ ]
1 |
Such identified investment fund to include affiliated co-investment or parallel funds, alternative investment vehicles, and/or feeder funds, if any. |
B-1
ANNEX C
SCHEDULE OF COMPANIES
The following sets forth those companies on whose boards and/or official or unofficial committees the Indemnified Party is a member as referenced in the accompanying Indemnification Agreement.
[ ]
C-1
Exhibit 10.33
Form of Lock-Up Agreement
, 2010
, as representative of the underwriters
Re: | Lock-Up Agreement |
Ladies and Gentlemen:
The undersigned understands that , as representative (the Representative ), proposes to enter into an Underwriting Agreement (the Underwriting Agreement ) on behalf of the several underwriters (collectively, the Underwriters ) named in Schedule I to such agreement, with Apollo Global Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the Company ), AGM Management, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and the manager of the Company, and certain existing holders, providing for a public offering (the Offering ) of Class A shares (the Shares ) of the Company pursuant to a Registration Statement on Form S-1, as amended, to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC ).
In consideration of the agreement by the Underwriters to offer and sell the Shares, and of other good and valuable consideration the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the undersigned agrees that, during the period specified in the following paragraph (the Lock-Up Period ), the undersigned will not offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge, grant any option to purchase, make any short sale or otherwise dispose of any Shares of the Company, or any options or warrants to purchase any Shares of the Company, or any securities convertible into, exchangeable for or that represent the right to receive Shares of the Company, whether now owned or hereinafter acquired, owned directly by the undersigned (including holding as a custodian) or with respect to which the undersigned has beneficial ownership within the rules and regulations of the SEC (collectively the Undersigneds Shares ). The foregoing restriction is expressly agreed to preclude the undersigned from (i) engaging in any hedging or other transaction which is designed to or which reasonably could be expected to lead to or result in a sale or disposition of the Undersigneds Shares even if such Shares would be disposed of by someone other than the undersigned, or (ii) effecting any Exchanges or In-Kind Exchange Distributions (as those terms are defined in those certain Roll-Up Agreements, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among the undersigned, BRH Holdings, L.P., APO Asset Co., LLC, APO Corp., Apollo Global Management, LLC and certain of the undersigneds limited partners). Such prohibited hedging or other transactions would include without limitation any short sale or any purchase, sale or grant of any right (including without limitation any put or call option) with respect to any of the Undersigneds Shares or with respect to any security that includes, relates to, or derives any significant part of its value from such Shares.
The initial Lock-Up Period will commence on the date of this Lock-Up Agreement and continue until days after the public offering date set forth on the final prospectus used to sell the Shares pursuant to the Underwriting Agreement; provided , however , that if (1) during the last 17 days of the initial Lock-Up Period, the Company releases earnings results or announces material news or a material event or (2) prior to the expiration of the initial Lock-Up Period, the Company announces that it will release earnings results during the 15-day period
following the last day of the Lock-Up Period, then in each case the Lock-Up Period will be automatically extended until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the date of release of the earnings results or the announcement of the material news or material event, as applicable, unless the Representative waives, in writing, such extension.
The undersigned hereby acknowledges that the Company will agree in the Underwriting Agreement to provide written notice of any event that would result in an extension of the Lock-Up Period pursuant to the previous paragraph to the undersigned (in accordance with Section 13 of the Underwriting Agreement) and agrees that any such notice properly delivered will be deemed to have been given to, and received by, the undersigned. The undersigned hereby further agrees that, prior to engaging in any transaction or taking any other action that is subject to the terms of this Lock-Up Agreement during the period from the date of this Lock-Up Agreement to and including the 34th day following the expiration of the initial Lock-Up Period, it will give notice thereof to the Company and will not consummate such transaction or take any such action unless it has received written confirmation from the Company that the Lock-Up Period (as such may have been extended pursuant to the previous paragraph) has expired.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, the undersigned may transfer the Undersigneds Shares (i) as a bona fide gift or gifts, provided that the donee or donees thereof agree to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, (ii) by will or intestate succession, (iii) to any trust, partnership or limited liability company for the direct or indirect benefit of the undersigned or the immediate family of the undersigned, provided that the trustee of the trust or such partnership or limited liability company, as the case may be, agrees to be bound in writing by the restrictions set forth herein, and provided further that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value, (iv) with the prior written consent of the Representative, (v) to a nominee or custodian of a person or entity to whom a disposition or transfer would be permitted under this Lock-Up Agreement, (vi) in connection with the forfeiture to the Company of Shares to cover tax withholding obligations upon the vesting of restricted share units and other equity based compensation granted to the undersigned pursuant to any employee stock option plan existing on the date of this Lock-Up Agreement or (vii) if the undersigned is a corporation, partnership, limited liability company or similar entity, the undersigned may transfer Shares to any wholly-owned subsidiary or any stockholders, partners, members or similar persons of the undersigned, provided that, for purposes of this clause (vii), it shall be a condition to such transfer (A) that (if not already subject to this Lock-Up Agreement) the transferee executes an agreement stating that the transferee is receiving and holding such Shares subject to the provisions of this Lock-Up Agreement and there shall be no further transfer of such Shares except in accordance with this Lock-Up Agreement and (B) that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value and no filing under Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, shall be required or shall be voluntarily made in connection with such transfer. For purposes of this Lock-Up Agreement, immediate family shall mean any relationship by blood, marriage or adoption, not more remote than first cousin. In addition, notwithstanding the foregoing, if the undersigned is a corporation, the corporation may transfer the capital stock of the Company to any wholly-owned subsidiary of such corporation; provided , however , that in any such case, it shall be a condition to the transfer that the transferee execute an agreement stating that the transferee is receiving and holding such capital stock subject to the provisions of this Agreement and there shall be no further transfer of such capital stock except in accordance with this Agreement, and provided further that any such transfer shall not involve a disposition for value. The undersigned now has, and, except as contemplated by clause (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (v), (vi) or (vii) above, for the duration of this Lock-Up Agreement will have, good and marketable title to the Undersigneds Shares, free and clear of all liens, encumbrances, and claims whatsoever. The undersigned also agrees and consents to the entry of stop transfer instructions with the Companys transfer agent and registrar against the transfer of the Undersigneds Shares except in compliance with the foregoing restrictions.
The undersigned understands that the Company and the Underwriters are relying upon this Lock-Up Agreement in proceeding toward consummation of the Offering. The undersigned further understands that this Lock-Up Agreement is irrevocable and shall be binding upon the undersigneds heirs, legal representatives, successors, and assigns. If (i) the Company notifies you in writing that it does not intend to proceed with the Offering or (ii) for any reason the Underwriting Agreement (other than the provisions that survive termination) shall be terminated prior to payment for and deliver of the Shares described therein, this Lock-Up Agreement shall be terminated and the undersigned shall be released from its obligations hereunder.
Very truly yours, |
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Exact Name of Shareholder |
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Authorized Signature |
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Title |
Exhibit 10.34
APOLLO MANAGEMENT COMPANIES
AAA UNIT PLAN
1. Purpose .
This plan shall be known as the Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan (the Plan ). The purpose of the Plan shall be to provide certain employees of the Management Companies (as defined below) with incentives. Grants of AAA Incentive Units (as defined below) may be made only under the Plan.
2. Definitions .
(a) AAA Incentive Unit means a unit of measurement which is deemed for bookkeeping purposes to be equivalent to one outstanding RDU (subject to adjustment as provided in Section 11) solely for purposes of the Plan and the applicable Agreement. AAA Incentive Units shall be used solely as a device for the determination of the payment to be made to a Participant if such Participants AAA Incentive Units vest pursuant to an Agreement. AAA Incentive Units shall not be treated as property or as a trust fund of any kind.
(b) AAA LP Agreement means the Limited Partnership Agreement of the Partnership, dated June 8, 2006, as it may be amended or restated from time to time.
(c) Accredited Investor means (i) a natural person who has individual net worth, or joint net worth with the persons spouse, that exceeds $1 million at the time of the purchase; or (ii) a natural person with income exceeding $200,000 in each of the two most recent years or joint income with a spouse exceeding $300,000 for those years and a reasonable expectation of the same income level in the current year.
(d) Affiliated Management Person means an Affiliated Person that manages the investment activities of a Covered Company.
(e) Affiliated Person of another person means (i) any person directly or indirectly owning, controlling, or holding with power to vote, five per centum or more of the outstanding voting securities of such other person; (ii) any person five per centum or more of whose outstanding voting securities are directly or indirectly owned, controlled, or held with power to vote, by such other person; (iii) any person directly or indirectly controlling, controlled by, or under common control with, such other person; (iv) any officer, director, partner, copartner, or employee of such other person; (v) if such other person is an investment company for purposes of the Investment Company Act, any investment advisor thereof or any member of an advisory board thereof; and (vi) if such other person is an unincorporated investment company not having a board of directors, the depositor thereof.
(f) Agreement means a written agreement issued pursuant to Section 8.
(g) Applicable Management Company means, as to rights, obligations and determinations to be made under the Plan with respect to AAA Incentive Units subject to an Award, the Management Company or Management Companies that have granted such AAA Incentive Units under such Award.
(h) Award means an award of AAA Incentive Units.
(i) Code means the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended.
(j) Common Unit has the meaning set forth in the AAA LP Agreement.
(k) Covered Company means a company that would be an investment company for purposes of the Investment Company Act but for the exclusion provided by section 3(c)(1) or section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act.
(l) Exchange Act means the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended.
(m) Executive Officer means the president, any vice president in charge of a principal business unit, division or function (such as sales, administration or finance), any other officer who performs a policy-making function, or any other person who performs similar policy-making functions, for a Covered Company or for an Affiliated Management Person.
(n) Holdings means AAA Holdings, L.P.
(o) Holdings LP Agreement means the Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of Holdings, amended and restated as of February 26, 2007, as the same may be amended or restated from time to time.
(p) Investment Company Act means the Investment Company Act of 1940, as amended.
(q) Knowledgeable Employee means, with respect to any Covered Company, any natural person who is:
(i) an Executive Officer, director, trustee, general partner, advisor board member, or person serving in a similar capacity of the Covered Company or an Affiliated Management Person of the Covered Company; or
(ii) an employee of the Covered Company or an Affiliated Management Person of the Covered Company (other than an employee performing solely clerical, secretarial or administrative functions with respect to such company or its investments) who, in connection with his or her regular functions or duties, participates in the investment activities of such Covered Company, other Covered Companies, or investment companies the investment activities of which are managed by such Affiliated Management Person of the Covered Company, provided that such employee has been performing such function and duties for or on behalf of the Covered Company or the Affiliated Management Person of the Covered Company, or substantially similar functions or duties for or on behalf of another company for at least 12 months.
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(r) Management Company means a management company affiliated with Apollo Management, L.P. (including a company a subsidiary of which is such a management company). The initial Management Companies are set forth on Schedule 1 attached hereto, which shall be updated from time to time.
(s) Non-Tax Distribution means a distribution made in respect of RDUs to holders of RDUs that the Applicable Management Company determines to be a distribution other than a tax distribution.
(t) Participant means an employee of a Management Company who has been granted and holds an Award under the Plan.
(u) Partnership means AP Alternative Assets, L.P.
(v) Person shall be construed broadly and shall mean an individual, a partnership, a limited liability company, a corporation, an association, a joint stock company, a trust, a joint venture, an unincorporated organization, or a governmental entity or any department, agency or political subdivision thereof.
(w) Plan means this Apollo Management Companies AAA Unit Plan, as may be amended from time to time.
(x) Qualified Purchaser means (i) any natural person (including any person who holds a joint, community property, or other similar shared ownership interest in an issuer that is excepted under section 3(c)(7) of the Investment Company Act with that persons qualified purchaser spouse) who owns not less than $5,000,000 in investments, as defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission; or (ii) any person, acting for its own account or the account of other qualified purchasers, who in the aggregate owns and invests on a discretionary basis, not less than $25,000,000 in investments.
(y) RDU means a restricted depositary unit of the Partnership, representing one Common Unit.
(z) Section 409A has the meaning set forth in Section 17.
(aa) Securities Act means the Securities Act of 1933, as amended.
(bb) Separation Date has the meaning set forth in Section 6(e).
(cc) U.S. Person has the meaning assigned to it in Rule 902(k) of Regulation S promulgated under the Securities Act.
3. Administration .
With respect to each Award, the Plan shall be administered by the Applicable Management Company. Awards will not be final until approved by the Applicable Management Company. Decisions of a Management Company on matters relating to the Plan shall be in the Management Companys sole discretion and shall be conclusive and binding on all parties, except that no decision by a Management Company shall be binding on another Management Company.
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Subject to the limits of the Plan, a Management Company shall be authorized to (i) select persons to whom the Management Company will grant an Award under the Plan, (ii) determine the form and substance of grants made by such Management Company under the Plan to Participants, and the conditions and restrictions, if any, subject to which such grants will be made, (iii) certify that the conditions and restrictions applicable to any grant made by such Management Company have been met, (iv) modify the terms of grants made by such Management Company under the Plan, (v) interpret grants (and the Plan as to such grants) made by such Management Company thereunder, and (vi) make any adjustments necessary or desirable in connection with grants made by such Management Company under the Plan to eligible Participants located outside the United States. The Management Companies that have granted Awards may collectively adopt, amend, or rescind such rules and regulations, and make such other determinations, for carrying out the Plan as they may collectively deem appropriate. When one Management Company is a subsidiary of another Management Company, the parent Management Company may act on behalf of such subsidiary or cause its obligations hereunder to be discharged by a subsidiary.
By making a grant under the Plan, a Management Company agrees to be bound by the terms of the Plan. If a Management Company ceases to be a Management Company, the employment of each Participant employed by such Management Company shall be deemed to have terminated for purposes of the Plan, except to the extent such Participant continues to be an employee of another Management Company and such other Management Company (or another Management Company) succeeds to the obligations under the Participants Agreement(s) with the first Management Company.
No officer, employee, member or manager of any Management Company, Holdings or the Partnership shall be liable for any action taken or omitted to be taken by such Person in connection with the performance of duties under the Plan, except for such Persons own willful misconduct or as expressly provided by statute.
4. Expenses; No Separate Assets .
The expenses of the Plan shall be borne by the Management Companies that have granted Awards. The Plan shall not be required to establish any special or separate fund or make any other segregation of assets to assume the payment of any Award under the Plan, and rights to the payment of such Awards shall be no greater than the rights of the Applicable Management Companys general creditors.
5. Participation .
Participation in the Plan shall be limited to those employees of a Management Company selected by such Management Company (including Participants located outside the United States). For purposes of the Plan, a Participant is considered employed by a Management Company if employed by its subsidiary. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan, to the extent required by the AAA LP Agreement, RDUs may not be delivered under the Plan in the
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United States or to, or for the account or benefit of, a U.S. Person at any time without the prior consent of the general partner of the Partnership (and such general partner may request certain representations be made by the applicable employee as a prerequisite to such consent), which consent may be granted or withheld in the sole discretion of the general partner of the Partnership, but which will not in any case be granted if, as a result thereof, the Partnership is required to register pursuant to the Investment Company Act or the transfer would be in breach of applicable U.S. federal or state securities laws. Nothing in the Plan or in any Award hereunder shall confer any right on a Participant to continue in the employ or services of any Management Company as a director, officer, or employee or shall interfere in any way with the right of a Management Company to terminate the employment or services or to reduce the compensation or responsibilities of a Participant at any time. By accepting any Award under the Plan, each Participant and each person claiming under or through him or her shall be conclusively deemed to have indicated his or her acceptance and ratification of, and consent to, any action taken under the Plan by Holdings, the Partnership, or a Management Company.
Subject to the limits of the Plan, Awards may be granted to such persons and for such number of AAA Incentive Units as the Applicable Management Company shall determine. Determinations made by the Applicable Management Company under the Plan need not be uniform and may be made selectively among eligible individuals under the Plan, whether or not such individuals are similarly situated. A grant of any type made hereunder in any one year to an eligible Participant shall neither guarantee nor preclude a further grant of that or any other type to such Participant in that year or subsequent years.
6. Awards of AAA Incentive Units .
(a) Awards of AAA Incentive Units in General . Each Award of AAA Incentive Units shall be evidenced by an Agreement in the form approved by the Applicable Management Company. The Agreement evidencing an Award shall contain the terms established by the Applicable Management Company for that Award, as well as any other terms, provisions, or restrictions that the Applicable Management Company may impose on the Award; in each case subject to the applicable provisions and limitations of this Section 6 and the other applicable provisions and limitations of the Plan. The Applicable Management Company may require that the recipient of an Award promptly execute and return to the Applicable Management Company his or her Agreement evidencing the Award. An Award shall be void ab initio if the recipient is unable to make the representations required under the applicable Agreement.
(b) Distributions and Voting Rights .
(i) Limitations on Rights Associated with AAA Incentive Units . A Participant shall have no rights as a security holder of the Partnership, no distribution rights (except as expressly provided in Section 6(b)(ii) with respect to Non-Tax Distributions) and no voting rights with respect to AAA Incentive Units and any RDUs underlying or issuable in respect of such AAA Incentive Units until such RDUs are actually issued to and held of record by the Participant. For avoidance of doubt, the RDUs are non-voting.
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(ii) Non-Tax Distributions . In the event that any Non-Tax Distribution is made in respect of RDUs, the Applicable Management Company shall credit a Participants bookkeeping account under the Plan with an amount equal to the per-RDU Non-Tax Distribution paid on the RDUs, multiplied by the total number of outstanding and unpaid AAA Incentive Units held by such Participant as of the date of the distribution. Any such Non-Tax Distribution credited to a Participant pursuant to the foregoing provisions of this Section 6(b)(ii) shall be subject to the same vesting, payment and other applicable terms, conditions, restrictions as the AAA Incentive Units to which such Non-Tax Distribution relates. No Non-Tax Distributions shall be credited to a Participant pursuant to this Section 6(b)(ii) with respect to any of the Participants AAA Incentive Units which, as of the date of the Non-Tax Distribution, have either been paid pursuant to Section 6(c) or terminated pursuant to Section 6(e).
(c) Vesting and Payment .
(i) Vesting in General . Any vesting schedule imposed on the AAA Incentive Units subject to an Award (which may be based on performance criteria, passage of time or other factors or any combination thereof) will be set forth in the applicable Agreement or, if more favorable to a Participant, as provided in another agreement between the Participant and a Management Company.
(ii) Payment . Subject to Section 6(c)(iii), promptly after the vesting of any AAA Incentive Units pursuant to the Agreement evidencing an Award and the satisfaction of any and all related tax withholding obligations pursuant to Section 7, the Applicable Management Company shall deliver (or cause to be delivered) to the Participant (i) a number of RDUs, in certificate form, equal to the number of AAA Incentive Units subject to the Award that vest on the applicable vesting date; and (ii) a cash payment equal to the amount of any Non-Tax Distributions credited to the Participant pursuant to Section 6(b)(ii) with respect to such vested AAA Incentive Units. Notwithstanding the foregoing, for any AAA Incentive Units that vest during the period beginning January 1, 2008 and ending June 7, 2009 pursuant to an Agreement evidencing an Award granted in 2007, the Applicable Management Company shall deliver (or cause to be delivered) the items set forth in clauses (i) and (ii) of the immediately preceding sentence on June 7, 2009 (or promptly thereafter in 2009), rather than promptly after the vesting date, provided that all related tax withholding obligations are satisfied pursuant to Section 7. No fractional RDUs shall be delivered under the Plan. The Participant (or the beneficiary or personal representative of the Participant in the event of the Participants death or disability, as the case may be) shall deliver to Holdings, the Partnership, the Applicable Management Company, or any other Person as the Applicable Management Company may require, any representations or other documents or assurances as the Applicable Management Company or its counsel may determine to be necessary or advisable (including, without limitation, in order to ensure compliance with all applicable laws, rules, and regulations) with respect to the grant of the Award and the delivery of RDUs in respect thereof. A Participant shall have no further rights with respect to any AAA Incentive Units that are paid pursuant to this Section 6(c)(ii) or that terminate pursuant to Section 6(e). In the case of an Agreement evidencing an Award that provides for payment of RDUs on more than one date, the payments of RDUs thereunder shall be treated as a series of separate payments within the meaning of Treasury Regulation § 1.409A-2(b)(2)(iii).
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(iii) Lock-up . Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the Plan, if, at the time AAA Incentive Units vest under the Plan, the Applicable Management Company is prohibited from delivering (or causing to be delivered) the corresponding RDUs to the Participant (including, without limitation, by reason of the lock-up applicable to Holdings through June 7, 2009), such RDUs shall, in the sole discretion of the Applicable Management Company, be delivered to the Participant (i) as soon as the applicable restrictions expire or terminate or (ii) subject to such restrictions as the Applicable Management Company deems necessary or advisable in light of such lock-up or other applicable considerations.
(iv) Legending . RDUs are subject to substantial restrictions on transfer pursuant to the AAA LP Agreement and applicable law. The Applicable Management Company reserves the right to apply an appropriate and customary legend to any certificates representing RDUs covered by an Award indicating such RDUs are subject to restrictions on transfer as provided by the Plan, the Agreement evidencing the Award or applicable law or listing requirements.
(d) Term . An Award shall either vest or be forfeited not more than 10 years after the date of grant. Each Award will be subject to earlier termination as provided in or pursuant to Sections 6(f) and 11.
(e) Effect of Termination of Employment or Services . Unless otherwise provided in a separate agreement with a Management Company to which a Participant is a party, a Participants AAA Incentive Units shall terminate on the Participants Separation Date (as defined below) to the extent such AAA Incentive Units have not become vested as of the Separation Date. For purposes of the Plan, Separation Date means the last day the Participant is employed by any Management Company; provided, however, that if immediately following such termination of employment, the Participant continues to provide services to a Management Company as a consultant, the Applicable Management Company, in its sole discretion, may (but is not obligated to) provide that the Participants Separation Date shall not be the date of such termination of employment but rather shall be the last day the Participant provides services to a Management Company as a consultant. If any unvested AAA Incentive Units are terminated hereunder, such AAA Incentive Units shall automatically terminate and be cancelled as of the Separation Date without payment to the Participant of any consideration and without any other action by the Participant or the Participants beneficiary or personal representative, as the case may be. If any unvested AAA Incentive Units are terminated hereunder, the amount of any Non-Tax Distributions credited to the Participant pursuant to Section 6(b)(ii) with respect to such unvested AAA Incentive Units will be forfeited to the Applicable Management Company.
(f) Waiver of Restrictions . Subject to Sections 3 and 11 and the specific limitations on Awards contained in the Plan, the Applicable Management Company from time to time may authorize, generally or in specific cases only, for the benefit of any Participant, any adjustment in the vesting schedule (including without limitation the acceleration of vesting), or the restrictions upon or the term of, an Award granted under the Plan by amendment, by substitution of an outstanding Award, by waiver or by other legally valid means.
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7. Withholding Taxes .
Upon the delivery of any RDUs in respect of AAA Incentive Units, the Applicable Management Company may withhold and retain (or cause to be withheld and retained) the appropriate number of whole RDUs, valued at their then fair market value (as determined by the Applicable Management Company), to satisfy any withholding obligations of the Applicable Management Company with respect to such delivery at the minimum required withholding rates. Alternatively, the Applicable Management Company shall be entitled to require a cash payment by or on behalf of the Participant and/or to deduct from other compensation payable to the Participant any sums required by law to be withheld with respect to such delivery of any AAA Incentive Units.
8. Written Agreement .
Each Participant to whom an Award is granted under the Plan shall, as a condition to the effectiveness of such Award, enter into an Agreement with the Applicable Management Company that shall contain such provisions, including without limitation vesting requirements, consistent with the provisions of the Plan, as may be approved by the Applicable Management Company.
9. Transferability .
Prior to the time that they have become vested pursuant to the Agreement evidencing the Award, neither the AAA Incentive Units nor any interest therein or amount payable thereof may be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged or otherwise disposed of, alienated or encumbered, either voluntarily or involuntarily. In no instances may any AAA Incentive Units be used by or on behalf of a Participant as collateral for securing a loan. The transfer restrictions described in the preceding sentences shall not apply to transfers to the Applicable Management Company. By executing an Agreement each Participant shall agree to execute any such further documentation as may be reasonably required by the Applicable Management Company to evidence any applicable transfer restrictions, including any lock-up described in Section 6(c)(iii). All transfers of RDUs received pursuant to an Award are subject to Section 16 of the Plan.
10. Transfer of Employee .
The transfer of an employee from one Management Company to another Management Company shall not be considered a termination of employment; nor shall it be considered a termination of employment if an employee is placed on military or sick leave or such other leave of absence which is considered by the Applicable Management Company as continuing intact an employment relationship with such Applicable Management Company.
11. Adjustments Upon Specified Events .
Upon or in contemplation of any reclassification or recapitalization; any merger, combination, consolidation or other reorganization; any
similar extraordinary distribution in respect of RDUs (whether in the form of securities or property); any exchange of RDUs or other securities of the Partnership, or any similar, unusual or extraordinary transaction in respect of RDUs; or a sale of
substantially all the assets of the Partnership as an entirety; then the Applicable Management Company shall, in such manner, to such extent (if any) and at such time as it deems appropriate and equitable in the circumstances make adjustments if
appropriate in the number of AAA Incentive Units then outstanding and the number and kind of securities that may be issued in respect of an Award. No such adjustment shall be made with respect to any Non-Tax Distribution credited to Participants
pursuant to
Section 6(b)(ii).
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12. Amendment and Termination of the Plan .
The Management Companies may, by action of a majority (based on the number of AAA Incentive Units outstanding under Agreements) of the Management Companies, amend, terminate, suspend or discontinue the Plan. Subject to Section 17, no termination of the Plan shall materially and adversely affect any of the rights or obligations of any person, without his or her written consent, under any Award theretofore granted under the Plan.
13. Amendment of Awards Under the Plan .
The terms of any outstanding Award under the Plan may be amended from time to time by the Applicable Management Company in its discretion in any manner (consistent with the terms of the Plan) that it deems appropriate (including, but not limited to, acceleration of the date of vesting of any Award and/or payments thereunder); provided that, except as otherwise provided in Section 12 or 17, no such amendment shall adversely affect in a material manner any right of a Participant under the Award without his or her written consent.
14. Commencement Date .
The date of commencement of the Plan shall be February 26, 2007.
15. Severability .
Whenever possible, each provision of the Plan and each Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under applicable law, but if any provision of the Plan or an Agreement is held to be prohibited by or invalid under applicable law, such provision shall be ineffective only to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of the Plan or Agreement.
16. Governing Law; Compliance with Laws .
The Plan and the Agreements shall be governed by and construed and enforced in accordance with the laws of Guernsey without regard to conflict of law principles thereunder that would give effect to the laws of another jurisdiction. The Plan and the grant of Awards hereunder is subject to compliance with all applicable laws, rules and regulations (including but not limited to securities law and margin requirements) and to such approvals by any listing, regulatory or governmental authority as may, in the opinion of the Applicable Management Company, be necessary or advisable in connection therewith. Any securities delivered under the Plan or an Agreement will be subject to such restrictions and to any restrictions the Applicable Management Company or the Partnership may require to preserve favorable accounting treatment under generally accepted accounting principles, and a Participant shall, if requested by the Applicable Management Company, provide such assurances and representations to the Applicable Management Company or Holdings as the Applicable Management Company may deem necessary or desirable to assure compliance with all applicable legal requirements.
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17. Construction .
The Plan and the Agreements shall be construed and interpreted to comply with Section 409A of the Code ( Section 409A ) and applicable securities laws. The Management Companies reserve the right collectively to amend or terminate the Plan, and the Applicable Management Company reserves the right to amend or terminate outstanding Awards, in each case to the extent they or it determine(s) to be reasonably necessary to comply with (or avoid penalties under) applicable laws, regulations or accounting rules, including Section 409A.
18. Notices .
Any notice to be given under the terms of the Plan or an Agreement shall be in writing and addressed to the Applicable Management Company at its principal office to the attention of the Secretary, and to the Participant at the Participants principal office or last address reflected on the payroll records of the Applicable Management Company. Any notice shall be delivered by hand or shall be enclosed in a properly sealed envelope, addressed as aforesaid, and sent with a reputable express courier service. Any such notice shall be given only when received, but if the Participant is no longer employed by or providing services to a Management Company shall be deemed to have been duly given five business days after the date sent by express courier in accordance with the foregoing provisions of this Section 18.
19. Counterparts .
An Agreement may be executed in any number of counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original as against any party whose signature appears thereon, and all of which together shall constitute one and the same instrument. An Agreement shall become binding when one or more counterparts thereof, individually or taken together, shall bear the signatures of all of the parties reflected thereto as the signatories. Photographic copies of such signed counterparts may be used in lieu of the originals for any purpose.
20. Section Headings .
The section headings of the Plan are for convenience of reference only and shall not be deemed to alter or affect any provision hereof.
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SCHEDULE 1
MANAGEMENT COMPANIES
Apollo Management, L.P.
Apollo Management III, L.P.
Apollo Management IV, L.P.
Apollo Management V, L.P.
Apollo Management VI, L.P.
Apollo Alternative Assets, L.P.
Apollo Europe Management, L.P.
Apollo SVF Management, L.P.
Apollo Investment Management, L.P.
Apollo Value Management, L.P.
Apollo International Management, L.P.
Apollo Management International LLP
Apollo Capital Management, L.P.
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Exhibit 10.36
EXECUTION VERSION
FIRST AMENDMENT AND JOINDER , dated as of April 14, 2010 (this Amendment ), to the TAX RECEIVABLE AGREEMENT , dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among APO Corp., a Delaware corporation ( APO Corp. ), Apollo Principal Holdings II, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ( Apollo Principal II ), Apollo Principal Holdings IV, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership ( Apollo Principal IV ), Apollo Management Holdings, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ( AMH ), and each of the other parties signatory thereto identified as Holders. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the respective meanings given to them in the Agreement.
RECITALS
WHEREAS, APO Corp., on behalf of itself and the respective Partnerships it Controls, and Leon D. Black ( Black ), Marc J. Rowan ( Rowan ), Joshua J. Harris ( Harris , and together with Black and Rowan, the Founders ), Black Family Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ( BFP and together with Black and any other member of Blacks Group that becomes a party hereto, the Black Group ), MJR Foundation LLC, a New York limited liability company ( MJR Foundation and together with Rowan and any other member of Rowans Group that becomes a party hereto, the Rowan Group ), and MJH Partners, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ( MJH Partners and together with Harris and any other member of Harriss Group that becomes a party hereto, the Harris Group ) (the Black Group, the Rowan Group and the Harris Group are collectively referred to herein as the Founders Groups , and together with APO Corp., on behalf of itself and the respective Partnerships it Controls, are referred to herein as the Amending Parties ), wish to amend certain terms of the Agreement as described below;
WHEREAS, MJH Partners has acquired an ownership interest in AP Professional and desires to become party to the Agreement in accordance with the terms hereof;
WHEREAS, each of Apollo Principal Holdings VI, L.P., a Delaware limited partnership ( Apollo Principal VI ), and Apollo Principal Holdings VIII, L.P., a Cayman Islands exempted limited partnership ( Apollo Principal VIII ), have become Subsidiaries of APO Corp. and Section 7.14 of the Agreement requires APO Corp. to cause any Person in which it acquires a general partner interest, managing member interest or similar interest to execute and deliver a joinder to the Agreement and become a Partnership for all purposes of the Agreement;
WHEREAS , APO Corp. is obligated, pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, to pay certain Tax Benefit Payments (as defined in the Agreement) to certain members of the Founders Groups;
WHEREAS , in connection herewith, an amendment (the AMH LP Agreement Amendment ) is being made to the Second Amended and Restated Limited Partnership Agreement of AMH, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among Apollo Management Holdings G.P., LLC and the Limited Partners (as defined therein), to provide for (1) a special allocation in 2009 and 2010 (the Special Allocation ) of the income that AMH allocates to its two limited partners, APO Corp. and AP Professional, such that the income allocated to APO Corp. in 2009 in excess of $36,955,739 and in 2010 would be increased from 28.49% to 100% and the income allocated to AP Professional in 2009 in excess of $36,955,739 and 2010 would be decreased from 71.51% to 0%, (2) a special distribution (the APO Special Distribution ) to APO Corp.
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equal to the amount of the Special Allocation attributable to APO Corp., payable pursuant to the terms of the AMH LP Agreement Amendment and (3) a special distribution (the AP Special Distribution , and together with the APO Special Distribution, the Special Distributions) to AP Professional to the extent of the book-up as described in Section 5.05(j) of the AMH LP Agreement Amendment;
WHEREAS, after giving effect to the Special Allocation, APO Corp. would need to make accelerated Tax Benefit Payments to each of the Holders, including certain members of the Founders Groups;
WHEREAS, in order for APO Corp. to make the Tax Benefit Payments to the Holders, including certain members of the Founders Groups, AMH would make a partial payment of the APO Special Distribution to APO Corp.;
WHEREAS, in connection with the entry into the AMH LP Agreement Amendment to give effect to the Special Allocation and the Special Distributions, the Amending Parties desire for a portion of any Tax Benefits Payment payable to any members of the Founders Groups in respect of the 2010 Taxable Year to be partially deferred as set forth herein;
NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing and the respective covenants and agreements set forth herein, and intending to be legally bound hereby, the parties hereto agree as follows:
1.1 Amendments .
(a) The Agreement is hereby amended by adding the following definition of Group immediately after the definition of Expert in Section 1.01 of the Agreement:
Group shall have the meaning given to such term in the Agreement Among Principals, dated as of July 13, 2007, by and among the Founders, BFP, MJR Foundation, AP Professional and BRH Holdings, L.P., as amended from time to time.
(b) The Agreement is hereby amended by amending and restating the definition of Holder in Section 1.01 of the Agreement to read in its entirety as follows:
Holder means each of the parties hereto other than APO Corp. and its Subsidiaries.
(c) The Agreement is hereby amended by amending and restating Section 3.01(a) of the Agreement to read in its entirety as follows:
Payments . Within five (5) calendar days of a Tax Benefit Schedule becoming final in accordance with Section 2.04(a), APO Corp. shall pay to the applicable Holder, for such Taxable Year, the Tax Benefit Payment determined pursuant to Section 3.01(b); provided , that, with respect to any Tax Benefit Payment to be made to any member of the Founders Group in respect of the 2010 Taxable Year, (i) each such member agrees and acknowledges that 25% of any such Tax Benefit Payment payable to such member in respect of the 2010 Taxable Year (such portion, a Deferred Tax Benefit Payment ) shall be payable by APO Corp. to the
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applicable member of the Founders Group on the fourth anniversary of the date on which the Tax Benefit Schedule in respect of the 2010 Taxable Year became final in accordance with Section 2.04(a). Each such Tax Benefit Payment shall be made by wire transfer of immediately available funds to a bank account of the applicable Holder previously designated by such Holder or as otherwise agreed by APO Corp. and the applicable Holder. For the avoidance of doubt, no Tax Benefit Payment shall be made in respect of estimated tax payments, including, without limitation, federal income tax estimated payments.
1.2 Joinder to the Agreement .
(a) MJH Partners hereby agrees that upon execution of this Amendment, it shall become a party to the Agreement and shall be fully bound by, and subject to, all of the covenants, terms and conditions of the Agreement as though an original party thereto and shall be deemed a Holder for all purposes thereof
(b) Pursuant to Section 7.14 of the Agreement, each of Apollo Principal VI and Apollo Principal Holdings VIII hereby agrees that upon execution of this Amendment, it shall become a party to the Agreement and shall be fully bound by, and subject to, all of the covenants, terms and conditions of the Agreement as though an original party thereto and shall be deemed a Partnership for all purposes thereof.
1.3 No Other Amendments or Waivers; Integration .
Except as expressly amended by this Amendment, the Agreement shall remain in full force and effect, enforceable in accordance with its terms. Except as specifically set forth herein, this Amendment is not a consent to any waiver or modification of any other term or condition of the Agreement or any of the instruments or documents referred to in the Agreement and shall not prejudice any rights that the parties thereto may now or hereafter have under or in connection with the Agreement or any of the instruments or documents referred to therein. Except as specifically set forth herein, this Amendment shall be interpreted in a manner consistent with the terms of the Agreement.
1.4 Governing Law .
This Amendment shall be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of New York.
1.5 Counterparts and Facsimile Execution .
This Amendment may be executed in one or more counterparts, all of which shall be considered one and the same agreement and shall become effective when one or more counterparts have been signed by each of the parties and delivered to the other parties, it being understood that all parties need not sign the same counterpart. Delivery of an executed signature page to this Amendment by facsimile transmission shall be as effective as delivery of a manually signed counterpart of this Amendment.
[Signatures on following pages]
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IN WITNESS WHEREOF , the undersigned have duly executed this Amendment as of the date first written above.
APO CORP. | ||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam* |
|
John J. Suydam | ||
Vice President and Secretary | ||
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VI, L.P. | ||
By: | Apollo Principal Holdings VI GP, LLC, | |
its General Partner | ||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam* |
|
John J. Suydam | ||
Vice President | ||
APOLLO PRINCIPAL HOLDINGS VIII, L.P. | ||
By: | Apollo Principal Holdings VIII GP, Ltd., | |
its General Partner | ||
By: |
/s/ John J. Suydam* |
|
John J. Suydam | ||
Vice President |
* | The undersigned executes this Amendment on behalf of each of the entities listed above with an asterisk following his name, solely in his capacity as an officer of such entities. |
/s/ John J. Suydam |
John J. Suydam |
[First Amendment to the Tax Receivable Agreement]
HOLDERS: | ||
/s/ Leon D. Black |
||
Leon D. Black | ||
/s/ Marc J. Rowan |
||
Marc J. Rowan | ||
/s/ Joshua J. Harris |
||
Joshua J. Harris | ||
BLACK FAMILY PARTNERS, L.P. | ||
By: | Black Family GP, LLC, | |
its General Partner | ||
By |
/s/ Leon D. Black |
|
Leon D. Black | ||
Manager | ||
MJR FOUNDATION LLC | ||
By: |
/s/ Marc J. Rowan |
|
Marc J. Rowan | ||
Manager | ||
MJH PARTNERS, L.P. | ||
By: | MJH Family, LLC | |
its General Partner | ||
By: |
/s/ Joshua J. Harris |
|
Joshua J. Harris | ||
Member |
[First Amendment to the Tax Receivable Agreement]
Exhibit 23.1
CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
We consent to the use in this Amendment No. 5 to Registration Statement No. 333-150141 of our report dated March 17, 2010 relating to the consolidated and combined financial statements of Apollo Global Management, LLC as of December 31, 2009 and 2008, and for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2009 (which report expresses an unqualified opinion and includes an explanatory paragraph related to the adjustments made to retrospectively apply guidance for non-controlling interests issued by the Financial Accounting Standards Board), appearing in the Prospectuses, which are part of this Registration Statement, and to the reference to us under the heading Experts in such Prospectuses.
/s/ Deloitte & Touche LLP
New York, New York
October 7, 2010
Exhibit 24.2
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Know all men by these presents, that the undersigned officer of the Registrant, which is filing a Registration Statement on Form S-1 with the Securities and Exchange Commission, Washington, D.C. 20549 under the provisions of the Securities Act of 1933 hereby constitutes and appoints John J. Suydam, the individuals true and lawful attorney-in-fact and agent, with full power of substitution and resubstitution, for the person and in his or her name, place and stead, in any and all capacities, to sign such registration statement and any or all amendments, including post-effective amendments to the registration statement, including a prospectus or an amended prospectus therein and any registration statement for the same offering that is to be effective upon filing pursuant to Rule 415 under the Securities Act, and all other documents to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pertaining to the registration of the securities covered hereby, granting unto said attorney-in-fact and agent, full power and authority to do and perform each and every act and thing requisite and necessary to be done in respect hereof, hereby ratifying and confirming all that said attorney-in-fact as agent may lawfully do or cause to be done by virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, this Registration Statement has been signed by the following persons in the capacities indicated on the 7 th day of October, 2010.
POWER OF ATTORNEY
Signature |
Title |
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/ S / G ENE D ONNELLY Gene Donnelly |
Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer) |