Exhibit 4.2

AMENDED AND RESTATED BYLAWS

OF

IMMUNOCELLULAR THERAPEUTICS, LTD.

ARTICLE I

OFFICES

Section 1. Registered Office . The registered office of ImmunoCellular Therapeutics, Ltd. (the “Corporation”) shall be at 1209 Orange Street, City of Wilmington, County of Kent, Delaware 19901. The registered agent at this address is The Corporation Trust Company.

Section 2. Other Offices . The Corporation may also have offices at such other places both within and without the United States as the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “Board of Directors”) may from time to time determine.

ARTICLE II

MEETINGS OF STOCKHOLDERS

Section 1. Place of Meetings . Meetings of the stockholders for the election of directors or for any other purpose shall be held at such time and place, either within or without the State of Delaware, as shall be designated from time to time by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting or in a duly executed waiver of notice thereof.

Section 2. Annual Meetings . The annual meeting of stockholders shall be held on such date and at such time as may be fixed by the Board of Directors and stated in the notice of the meeting, for the purpose of electing directors and for the transaction of only such other business as is properly brought before the meeting in accordance with these bylaws (“Bylaws”)

Written notice of an annual meeting stating the place, date and hour of the meeting, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting at his, her or its address last known as the same appears on the books of the Corporation, not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting.

To be properly brought before the annual meeting, business must be either (i) specified in the notice of annual meeting (or any supplement or amendment thereto) given by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, (ii) otherwise brought before the annual meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, or (iii) otherwise properly brought before the annual meeting by a stockholder. In addition to any other applicable requirements, for business to be properly brought before an annual meeting by a stockholder, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than one hundred and twenty (120) days prior to the anniversary of the date on which the proxy statement for the immediately preceding annual meeting was mailed to stockholders, or if the Corporation did not hold an annual meeting in the prior year or if the date of the annual meeting occurs more than thirty (30) days before or after the anniversary of such immediately preceding annual meeting, not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60th) day prior to such annual meeting and the tenth (10th) day following the date on which public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is first made. A stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth (a) as to each matter the stockholder proposes to bring before the annual meeting (i) a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the annual meeting and the reasons for conducting such business at the annual meeting, and (ii) any material interest of the stockholder in such business, and (b) as to the stockholder giving the notice (1) the name and record address of the stockholder and (ii) the class, series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation that are beneficially owned by the stockholder. Notwithstanding anything in these Bylaws to the contrary, no business shall be conducted at the annual meeting except in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Article II, Section 2. The

officer of the Corporation presiding at an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the annual meeting that business was not properly brought before the annual meeting in accordance with the provisions of this Article II, Section 2, and if such officer should so determine, such officer shall so declare to the annual meeting and any such business not properly brought before the meeting shall not be transacted.

Section 3. Special Meetings . Unless otherwise prescribed by law or by the amended and restated certificate of incorporation of the Corporation (the “Certificate of Incorporation”), special meetings of stockholders, for any purpose or purposes, may only be called by a majority of the entire Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer. Written notice of a special meeting stating the place, date and hour of the meeting, shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at such meeting not less than ten (10) nor more than sixty (60) days before the date of the meeting. Business transacted at any special meeting shall be limited to the purposes stated in the notice. The written certificate of the officer or officers calling any special meeting setting forth the substance of the notice, and the time and place of the mailing of same to the stockholders, and the respective addresses to which the same were to be mailed, shall be prima facie evidence of the manner and fact of the calling and giving such notice.

Section 4. Quorum . Except as otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, the holders of outstanding shares of capital stock representing a majority of the voting power of the Corporation, present in person or represented by proxy, shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of the stockholders for the transaction of business. If, however, such quorum shall not be present or represented at any meeting of the stockholders, the holders of the shares representing a majority of the voting power, present in person or represented by proxy, and entitled to vote at the meeting, may adjourn the meeting from time to time, without notice other than announcement at the meeting, until a quorum shall be present or represented by proxy. At such adjourned meeting at which a quorum shall be present or represented, any business may be transacted which might have been transacted at the meeting as originally noticed. If the adjournment is for more than thirty (30) days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder entitled to vote at the meeting.

Section 5. Voting . Unless otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation, the rules or regulations of any stock exchange applicable to the Corporation or these Bylaws, any question (other than the election of directors) brought before any meeting of stockholders shall be decided by the vote of the holders of a majority of the stock represented and entitled to vote thereat. At all meetings of stockholders for the election of directors, a plurality of the votes cast shall be sufficient to elect. Each stockholder represented at a meeting of stockholders shall be entitled to cast one vote for each share of the capital stock entitled to vote thereat held by such stockholder, unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation. Such votes may be cast in person or by proxy, but no proxy shall be voted after three years from its date, unless such proxy provides for a longer period. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, or the officer of the Corporation presiding at a meeting of stockholders, in his discretion, may require that any votes cast at such meeting shall be cast by written ballot.

Section 6. Determination of Stockholders of Record .

(a) Meetings of Stockholders . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or any adjournment thereof, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors, and which record date shall not be more than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day immediately preceding the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day immediately preceding the day on which the meeting is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment of the meeting unless the Board of Directors fixes a new record date for the adjourned meeting.

(b) Consent of Stockholders . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors,

and which date shall not be more than ten (10) days after the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted by the Board of Directors. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, when no prior action by the Board of Directors is required by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware (the “GCL”), shall be the first date on which a signed written consent setting forth the action taken or proposed to be taken is delivered to the Corporation by delivery to its registered office in Delaware or its principal place of business, or to an officer or agent of the Corporation having custody of the books in which proceedings of meetings of stockholders are recorded. If no record date has been fixed by the Board of Directors and prior action by the Board of Directors is required by the GCL, the record date for determining stockholders entitled to consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution taking such prior action.

(c) Dividends . In order that the Corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution or allotment of any rights of the stockholders entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board of Directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date upon which the resolution fixing the record date is adopted, and which record date shall be not more than sixty (60) days prior to such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business on the day on which the Board of Directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.

Section 7. List of Stockholders Entitled to Vote . The officer of the Corporation who has charge of the stock ledger of the Corporation shall prepare and make, at least ten (10) days before every meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten (10) days prior to the meeting, either at a place within the city where the meeting is to be held, which place shall be specified in the notice of the meeting, or, if not so specified, at the place where the meeting is to be held. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder of the Corporation who is present.

Section 8. Inspectors of Election .

(a) Appointment . All elections of directors shall be by written ballot, unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation; the vote upon any other matter need not be by ballot. In advance of any meeting of stockholders, the Board of Directors may appoint one or more inspectors, who need not be stockholders, to act at the meeting and to make a written report thereof. The Board of Directors may designate one or more persons as alternate inspectors to replace any inspector who fails to act. If no inspector or alternate is able to act at a meeting of stockholders, the person presiding at the meeting shall appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his or her duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector with strict impartiality and according to the person’s best ability.

(b) Duties . The inspectors shall ascertain the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, shall determine the shares represented at the meeting and the validity of proxies and ballots, shall count all votes and ballots, shall determine and retain for a reasonable period a record of the disposition of any challenges made to any determination by the inspectors, and shall certify their determination of the number of shares represented at the meeting and their count of all votes and ballots. The inspectors may appoint or retain other persons or entities to assist the inspectors in the performance of the duties of the inspectors.

(c) Polls . The date and time of the opening and the closing of the polls for each matter upon which the stockholders will vote at a meeting shall be announced at the meeting. No ballot, proxies or votes, nor any revocations thereof or changes thereto, shall be accepted by the inspectors after the closing of the polls unless a court with appropriate jurisdiction upon application by a stockholder shall determine otherwise.

(d) Reconciliation of Proxies and Ballots . In determining the validity and counting of proxies and ballots, the inspectors shall be limited to an examination of the proxies, any envelopes submitted with those proxies, ballots and the regular books and records of the Corporation, except that the inspectors may consider other reliable information for the limited purpose of reconciling proxies and ballots submitted by or on behalf of banks, brokers, their nominees or similar persons which represent more votes than the holder of a proxy is authorized by the record owner to cast or more votes than the stockholder holds of record. If the inspectors consider other reliable information for the limited purpose permitted herein, the inspectors at the time they make their certification pursuant to Subsection (b), above, shall specify the precise information considered by them including the person or persons from whom they obtained the information, when the information was obtained, the means by which the information was obtained and the basis for the inspectors’ belief that such information is accurate and reliable.

Section 9. Stock Ledger . The stock ledger of the Corporation shall be the only evidence as to who are the stockholders entitled to examine the stock ledger, the list required by Section 6 of this Article II or the books of the Corporation, or to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of stockholders.

Section 10. Adjournment . Any meeting of the stockholders, including one at which directors are to be elected, may be adjourned for such periods as the presiding officer of the meeting or the stockholders present in person or by proxy and entitled to vote shall direct.

Section 11. Stockholder Action Without a Meeting . Any action required to be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, or any action that may be taken at any annual or special meeting of stockholders, may be taken without a meeting, without prior notice and without a vote, if a consent in writing, setting forth the action so taken, shall be signed by the holders of outstanding stock having not less than the minimum number of votes that would be necessary to authorize or take such action at a meeting at which all shares entitled to vote thereon were present and voted. Prompt notice of the taking of the corporate action without a meeting by less than unanimous written consent shall be given to those stockholders who have not consented in writing.

ARTICLE III

DIRECTORS

Section 1. Powers; Number; Qualifications . The business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board of Directors, except as maybe otherwise provided by law or in the Certificate Incorporation. The number of directors which shall constitute the Board of Directors shall be not less than one (1) nor more than seven (7). The exact number of directors shall be fixed from time to time by the Board of Directors, within the limits specified in this Section 1 or in the Certificate of Incorporation. Directors need not be stockholders of the Corporation.

Section 2. Election; Term of Office; Resignation; Removal; Vacancies . Each director shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders or until such director’s earlier resignation, removal from office, death or incapacity. Any director may resign at any time upon written notice to the Board of Directors or to the Chief Executive Officer or the Secretary of the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time specified therein, and unless otherwise specified therein no acceptance of such resignation shall be necessary to make it effective. Any director or the entire Board of Directors may be removed by that vote of the stockholders of the Corporation required under the GCL. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, vacancies and newly created directorships resulting from any increase in the authorized number of directors or from any other cause may be filled by a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, or by a sole remaining director, and each director so chosen shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until such director’s successor shall be duly elected and shall qualify, or until such director’s earlier resignation, removal from office, death or incapacity.

Section 3. Nominations . Nominations of persons for election to the Board of Directors of the Corporation at a meeting of stockholders of the Corporation may be made at such meeting by or at the direction of the Board of Directors, by any committee or persons appointed by the Board of Directors or by any stockholder of the Corporation entitled to vote for the election of directors at the meeting who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 3. Such nominations by any stockholder shall be made pursuant to timely notice in writing to

the Secretary of the Corporation. To be timely, a stockholder’s notice shall be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation not less than one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the anniversary of the date on which the proxy statement for the immediately preceding annual meeting was mailed to stockholders, or if the Corporation did not hold an annual meeting in the prior year or if the date of the annual meeting occurs more than thirty (30) days before or after the anniversary of such immediately preceding annual meeting, then not later than the close of business on the later of the sixtieth (60th) day prior to such annual meeting and the tenth (10 ^th ) day following the date on which public announcement of the date of such annual meeting is first made. Such stockholder’s notice to the Secretary shall set forth (i) as to each person whom the stockholder proposes to nominate for election or reelection as a director, (a) the name, age, business address and residence address of the person, (b) the principal occupation or employment of the person, (c) the class and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the person, and (d) any other information relating to the person that is required to be disclosed in solicitations for proxies for election of directors pursuant to the Rules and Regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and (ii) as to the stockholder giving the notice (a) the name and record address of the stockholder and (b) the class and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are beneficially owned by the stockholder. The Corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other information as may reasonably be required by the Corporation to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the Corporation. No person shall be eligible for election as a director of the Corporation unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth herein. The officer of the Corporation presiding at an annual meeting shall, if the facts warrant, determine and declare to the meeting that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedure, and if he should so determine, he shall so declare to the meeting and the defective nomination shall be disregarded.

Section 4. Meetings . The Board of Directors of the Corporation may hold meetings, both regular and special, either within or without the State of Delaware. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors may be held without notice at such time and at such place as may from time to time be determined by the Board of Directors. Special meetings of the Board of Directors may be called by the Chairman of the Board or the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation, or by a majority of the entire Board of Directors. Notice thereof stating the place, date and hour of the meeting shall be given to each director either by mail not less than forty-eight (48) hours before the date of the meeting, by telephone or telegram on twenty-four (24) hours notice, or on such shorter notice as the person or persons calling such meeting may deem necessary or appropriate in the circumstances.

Section 5. Quorum . Except as may be otherwise specifically provided by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, at all meetings of the Board of Directors or any committee thereof, a majority of the entire Board of Directors or such committee, as the case may be, shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum shall be the act of the Board of Directors or such committee, as the case may be. If a quorum shall not be present at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof, a majority of the directors present thereat may adjourn the meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present.

Section 6. Actions of Board of Directors . Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board of Directors or of any committee thereof may be taken without a meeting, if all the members of the Board of Directors or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing, and the writing or writings are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board of Directors or committee.

Section 7. Meetings by Means of Conference Telephone . Unless otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, members of the Board of Directors of the Corporation, or any committee designated by the Board of Directors, may participate in a meeting of the Board of Directors or such committee by means of a conference telephone or similar communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other, and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 7 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting.

Section 8. Committees of the Board of Directors . The Board of Directors may from time to time establish standing committees or special committees of the Board of Directors including, but not limited to, an Audit Committee, a Compensation Committee and a Nomination Committee, each of which shall have such powers and functions set forth below or as may be delegated to it by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may abolish any committee established by or pursuant to this Section 8 as it may deem advisable. Each such committee shall consist of one or more directors, the exact number being determined from time to time by the Board of Directors. Designations of the chairman and members of each such committee, and, if desired, a vice chairman and alternates for members, shall be made by the Board of Directors. Each such committee may have a secretary who shall be designated by its chairman and shall keep regular minutes and report to the Board of Directors as directed by the committee. The vice chairman of a committee shall act as the chairman of the committee in the absence or disability of the chairman.

Section 9. Other Committees . The Board of Directors, or any committee, officer or employee of the Company may establish additional standing committees or special committees to serve in an advisory capacity or in such other capacities as may be permitted by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation and by these Bylaws. The members of any such committee need not be members of the Board of Directors. Any committee established pursuant to this Subsection (d) may be abolished by the person or body by whom it was established as he, she or it may deem advisable. Each such committee shall consist of two or more members, the exact number being determined from time to time by such person or body. Designations of members of each such committee and, if desired, alternates for members, shall be made by such person or body, at whose will all such members and alternates shall serve.

Section 10. Compensation . The directors may be paid their expenses, if any, of attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors and may be paid a fixed amount (in cash or other form of consideration) for attendance at each meeting of the Board of Directors or a stated salary as director. No such payment shall preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving compensation therefor. Members of special or standing committees may be allowed like compensation for attending committee meetings.

Section 11. Interested Directors . No contract or transaction between the Corporation and one or more of its directors or officers, or between the Corporation and any other corporation, partnership, association, or other organization in which one or more of its directors or officers are directors or officers, or have a financial interest, shall be void or voidable solely for this reason, or solely because the director or officer is present at or participates in the meeting of the Board of Directors or committee thereof which authorizes the contract or transaction, or solely because his or their votes are counted for such purpose, if (i) the material facts as to his or their relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the Board of Directors or the committee, and the Board of Directors or committee in good faith authorizes the contract or transaction by the affirmative votes of a majority of the disinterested directors, even though the disinterested directors be less than a quorum; or (ii) the material facts as to his or their relationship or interest and as to the contract or transaction are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled to vote thereon, and the contract or transaction is specifically approved in good faith by vote of the stockholders; or (iii) the contract or transaction is fair as to the Corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified, by the Board of Directors, a committee thereof or the stockholders. Common or interested directors may be counted in determining the presence of a quorum at a meeting of the Board of Directors or of a committee which authorizes the contract or transaction.

ARTICLE IV

OFFICERS

Section 1. General . The officers of the Corporation shall be elected by the Board of Directors and shall consist of: a Chairman of the Board; a Chief Executive Officer; a President; a Secretary; and a Treasurer. The Board of Directors, in its discretion, may also elect one or more Vice Presidents (including Executive Vice Presidents and Senior Vice Presidents), Assistant Secretaries, Assistant Treasurers and such other officers as in the judgment of the Board of Directors may be necessary or desirable. Any number of offices may be held by the same person and more than one person may hold the same office, unless otherwise prohibited by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws. The officers of the Corporation need not be stockholders of the Corporation nor, except in the case of the Chairman of the Board of Directors, need such officers be directors of the Corporation.

Section 2. Election . The Board of Directors at its first meeting held after each annual meeting of stockholders shall elect the officers of the Corporation who shall hold their offices for such terms and shall exercise such powers and perform such duties as shall be determined from time to time by the Board of Directors; and all officers of the Corporation shall hold office until their successors are chosen and qualified, or until their earlier resignation or removal. Except as otherwise provided in this Article IV, any officer elected by the Board of Directors may be removed at any time by the affirmative vote of a majority of the Board of Directors. Any vacancy occurring in any office of the Corporation shall be filled by the Board of Directors. The salaries of all officers who are directors of the Corporation shall be fixed by the Board of Directors.

Section 3. Voting Securities Owned by the Corporation . Powers of attorney, proxies, waivers of notice of meeting, consents and other instruments relating to securities owned by the Corporation may be executed in the name of and on behalf of the Corporation by the Chairman of the Board, Chief Executive Officer, President or any Vice President, and any such officer may, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, take all such action as any such officer may deem advisable to vote in person or by proxy at any meeting of security holders of any corporation in which the Corporation may own securities and at any such meeting shall possess and may exercise any and all rights and powers incident to the ownership of such securities and which, as the owner thereof, the Corporation might have exercised and possessed if present. The Board of Directors may, by resolution, from time to time confer like powers upon any other person or persons.

Section 4. Chairman of the Board . The Chairman of the Board shall be a member of the Board of Directors, and shall exercise and perform such duties and have such powers as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or these Bylaws, all in accordance with basic policies as established by and subject to the oversight of the Board of Directors. The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall be responsible for scheduling all Board of Directors meetings, annual stockholder meetings, Board of Directors retreats and other activities pertaining to the Board of Directors. He shall also ensure that meeting agendas cover all matters of importance to the Board of Directors and be responsible for making all arrangements for meetings, to include proper notice as provided for herein. The Chairman of the Board of Directors shall also insure that the agenda of meetings is followed and be responsible for communication between the Board of Directors and management, during the period between meetings of the Board of Directors. The Chairman shall monitor the performance of the Board of Directors as a collective body and as individual members and shall otherwise insure the setting and maintaining of policies and procedures adopted by the Board of Directors.

Section 5. Chief Executive Officer . The Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation shall supervise, coordinate and manage the Corporation’s business and activities and supervise, coordinate and manage its operating expenses and capital allocation, shall have general authority to exercise all the powers necessary for the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or these Bylaws, all in accordance with basic policies as established by and subject to the oversight of the Board of Directors. In the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board, the duties of the Chairman of the Board shall be performed and the Chairman of the Board’s authority may be exercised by the Chief Executive Officer and, in the event the Chief Executive Officer is absent or disabled, such duties shall be performed and such authority may be exercised by a director designated for such purpose by the Board of Directors.

Section 6. President . The President shall have general authority to exercise all the powers necessary for the President of the Corporation and shall perform such other duties and have such other powers as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors or these Bylaws, all in accordance with basic policies as established by and subject to the oversight of the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board and the Chief Executive Officer. In the absence or disability of the Chief Executive Officer, the duties of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Executive Officer’s authority (other than the Chief Executive Officer’s authority to perform the duties of the Chairman of the Board in the absence or disability of the Chairman of the Board) may be exercised by the President. In the event the President is absent or disabled, such authority may be exercised by a director designated for such purpose by the Board of Directors.

Section 7. Vice Presidents . The Board of Directors may appoint one or more Vice Presidents. Each Vice President shall perform such duties and have such powers as the Board of Directors from time to time may prescribe. In the absence or disability of the President, the duties of the President and the President’s authority (other than the President’s authority to perform the duties of the Chief Executive Officer in the absence or disability of the Chief Executive Officer) may be exercised by any Vice-President. If the Board of Directors has appointed more than one Vice President, then the Board of Directors shall establish the order of succession of the Vice Presidents to the duties and authority of the President.

Section 8. Secretary . The Secretary shall attend all meetings of the Board of Directors and all meetings of stockholders and record all the proceedings thereat in a book or books to be kept for that purpose; the Secretary shall also perform like duties for the standing committees when required. The Secretary shall give, or cause to be given, notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and shall perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President, under whose supervision the Secretary shall be. If the Secretary shall be unable or shall refuse to cause to be given notice of all meetings of the stockholders and special meetings of the Board of Directors, and if there be no Assistant Secretary, then the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer or the President may choose another officer to cause such notice to be given. The Secretary shall have custody of the seal of the Corporation and the Secretary or any Assistant Secretary, if there be one, shall have authority to affix the same to any instrument requiring it and when so affixed, it may be attested by the signature of the Secretary or by the signature of any such Assistant Secretary. The Board of Directors may give general authority to any other officer to affix the seal of the Corporation and to attest the affixing by his signature. The Secretary shall see that all books, reports, statements, certificates and other documents and records required by law to be kept or filed are properly kept or filed, as the case may be.

Section 9. Treasurer . The Treasurer shall have the custody of the corporate funds and securities and shall keep full and accurate accounts of receipts and disbursements in books belonging to the Corporation and shall deposit all moneys and other valuable effects in the name and to the credit of the Corporation in such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The Treasurer shall disburse the funds of the Corporation as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, taking proper vouchers for such disbursements, and shall render to the President and the Board of Directors, at its regular meetings, or when the Board of Directors so requires, an account of all his transactions as Treasurer and of the financial condition of the Corporation. If required by the Board of Directors, the Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation.

Section 10. Assistant Secretaries . Except as may be otherwise provided in these Bylaws, Assistant Secretaries, if there be any, shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Vice President, if there be one, or the Secretary, and in the absence of the Secretary or in the event of his disability or refusal to act, shall perform the duties of the Secretary, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions upon the Secretary.

Section 11. Assistant Treasurers . Assistant Treasurers, if there be any, shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors, the Chairman of the Board, the Chief Executive Officer, the President, any Vice President, if there be one, or the Treasurer, and in the absence of the Treasurer or in the event of his disability or refusal to act, shall perform the duties of the Treasurer, and when so acting, shall have all the powers of and be subject to all the restrictions of the Treasurer. If required by the Board of Directors, an Assistant Treasurer shall give the Corporation a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for the faithful performance of the duties of his office and for the restoration to the Corporation, in case of his death, resignation, retirement or removal from office, of all hooks, papers, vouchers, money and other property of whatever kind in his possession or under his control belonging to the Corporation.

Section 12. Other Officers . Such other officers as the Board of Directors may choose shall perform such duties and have such powers as from time to time may be assigned to them by the Board of Directors. The Board of Directors may delegate to any other officer of the Corporation the power to choose such other officers and to prescribe their respective duties and powers.

ARTICLE V

STOCK

Section 1. Form of Certificates . Every holder of stock in the Corporation shall be entitled to have a certificate signed, in the name of the Corporation (i) by the Chief Executive Officer, the President or a Vice President and (ii) by the Treasurer or an Assistant Treasurer, or the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary of the Corporation, certifying the number of shares owned by him in the Corporation.

Section 2. Signatures . Any or all of the signatures on the certificate may be a facsimile, including, but not limited to, signatures of officers of the Corporation and countersignatures of a transfer agent or registrar. In case an officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

Section 3. Lost Certificates . The Board of Directors may direct a new certificate to be issued in place of any certificate theretofore issued by the Corporation alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed, upon the making of an affidavit of that fact by the person claiming the certificate of stock to be lost, stolen or destroyed. When authorizing such issue of a new certificate, the Board of Directors may, in its discretion and as a condition precedent to the issuance thereof, require the owner of such lost, stolen or destroyed certificate, or his legal representative, to advertise the same in such manner as the Board of Directors shall require and/or to give the Corporation a bond in such sum as it may direct as indemnity against any claim that may be made against the Corporation with respect to the certificate alleged to have been lost, stolen or destroyed.

Section 4. Transfers . Stock of the Corporation shall be transferable in the manner prescribed by law and in these Bylaws. Transfers of stock shall be made on the books of the Corporation only by the person named in the certificate or by his attorney lawfully constituted in writing and upon the surrender of the certificate therefor, which shall be canceled before a new certificate shall be issued.

ARTICLE VI

DIVIDENDS

Section 1. The Board of Directors shall have power to reserve over and above the capital stock paid in, such an amount in its discretion as it may deem advisable to fix as a reserve fund, and may, from time to time, declare dividends from the accumulated profits of the Corporation in excess of the amounts so reserved, and pay the same to the stockholders of the Corporation, and may also, if it deems the same advisable, declare stock dividends of the unissued capital stock of the Corporation.

ARTICLE VII

AMENDMENTS

Section 1. By Stockholders . Amendments and changes to these Bylaws may be made by a vote of, or a consent in writing signed individually or collectively by, the holders of issued and outstanding capital stock of the Corporation having that number of votes equal to at least a majority of the votes entitled to vote on matters presented to stockholders (other than the election of directors).

Section 2. By Directors . Amendments and changes to these Bylaws may be made at any regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors by a vote of not less than a majority of the entire Board of Directors, or may be made by a consent in writing signed individually or collectively by all of the entire Board of Directors.

ARTICLE VIII

CORPORATE SEAL

Section 1. The Corporation shall have a corporate seal, which shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Corporation, the year of its organization and the words “Corporate Seal, Delaware”. The seal may be used by causing it or a facsimile thereof to be impressed or affixed or in any other manner reproduced.

ARTICLE IX

INDEMNIFICATION

Section 1. Nature of Indemnity . Each person who was or is made a party or is threatened to be made a party to or is involved in any action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative (hereinafter a “Proceeding”), by reason of the fact that he or she, or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Corporation or is or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, shall be indemnified and held harmless by the Corporation to the fullest extent which it is empowered to do so by the GCL, as the same exists or may hereafter be amended, against all expense, liability and loss (including attorneys’ fees) actually and reasonably incurred by such person in connection with such Proceeding and such indemnification shall inure to the benefit of his or her heirs, executors and administrators; provided, however, that, except as provided in Article IX, Section 2, below, the Corporation shall indemnify any such person seeking indemnification in connection with a proceeding initiated by such person only if such proceeding was authorized by the Board of Directors. The right to indemnification conferred in this Article IX shall be a contract right and, subject to Sections 2 and 5 hereof, shall include the right to be paid by the Corporation the expenses incurred in defending any such proceeding in advance of its final disposition. The Corporation may, by action of its Board of Directors, provide indemnification to employees and agents of the Corporation with the same scope and effect as the foregoing indemnification of directors and officers.

Section 2. Procedure for Indemnification of Directors and Officers . Any indemnification of a director or officer of the Corporation under Section 1 of this Article IX or advance of expenses under Section 5 of this Article IX shall be made promptly, and in any event within thirty (30) days, upon the written request of the director or officer. If a determination by the Corporation that the director or officer is entitled to indemnification pursuant to this Article IX is required, and the Corporation fails to respond within sixty (60) days to a written request for indemnity, the Corporation shall be deemed to have approved the request. If the Corporation denies a written request for indemnification or advancing of expenses, in whole or in part, or if payment in full pursuant to such request is not made within thirty (30) days, the right to indemnification or advances as granted by this Article IX shall be enforceable by the director or officer in any court of competent jurisdiction. Such person’s costs and expenses incurred in connection with successfully establishing his or her right to indemnification, in whole or in part, in any such action shall also be indemnified by the Corporation. It shall be a defense to any such action (other than an action brought to enforce a claim for expenses incurred in defending any proceeding in advance of its final disposition where the required undertaking, if any, has been tendered to the Corporation) that the claimant has not met the standards of conduct which make it permissible under the GCL for the Corporation to indemnify the claimant for the amount claimed, but the burden of such defense shall be on the Corporation. Neither the failure of the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) to have made a determination prior to the commencement of such action that indemnification of the claimant is proper in the circumstances because he or she has met the applicable standard of conduct set forth in the GCL, nor an actual determination by the Corporation (including its Board of Directors, independent legal counsel or its stockholders) that the claimant has not met such applicable standard of conduct, shall be a defense to the action or create a presumption that the claimant has not met the applicable standard of conduct.

Section 3. Article Not Exclusive . The rights to indemnification and the payment of expenses incurred in defending a proceeding in advance of its final disposition conferred in this Article IX shall not be exclusive of any other right which any person may have or hereafter acquire under any statute, provision of the Certificate of Incorporation, these Bylaws, agreement, vote of stockholders or disinterested directors, or otherwise.

Section 4. Insurance . The Corporation may purchase and maintain insurance on its own behalf and on behalf of any person who is or was a director, officer, employee, fiduciary or agent of the Corporation or was serving at the request of the Corporation as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise against any liability asserted against him or her and incurred by him or her in any such capacity, whether or not the Corporation would have the power to indemnify such person against such liability under this Article IX.

Section 5. Expenses . Expenses incurred by any person described in Section 1 of this Article IX in defending a proceeding shall be paid by the Corporation in advance of such proceeding’s final disposition upon receipt of an undertaking by or on behalf of the director or officer to repay such amount if it shall ultimately be determined that he or she is not entitled to be indemnified by the Corporation. Such expenses incurred by other employees and agents may be so paid upon such terms and conditions, if any, as the Board of Directors deems appropriate.

Section 6. Employees and Agents . Persons who are not covered by the foregoing provisions of this Article IX and who are or were employees or agents of the Corporation, or who are or were serving at the request of the Corporation as employees or agents of another corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, may be indemnified to the extent authorized at any time or from time to time by the Board of Directors.

Section 7. Contract Rights . The provisions of this Article IX shall be deemed to be a contract right between the Corporation and each director or officer who serves in any such capacity at any time while this Article IX and the relevant provisions of the GCL or other applicable law are in effect, and any repeal or modification of this Article IX or any such law shall not affect any rights or obligations then existing with respect to any state of facts proceeding then existing.

ARTICLE X

WAIVERS OF NOTICE AND EXCEPTIONS TO NOTICE REQUIREMENTS

Section 1. Waivers of Notice.

(a) Written Waiver . Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of the GCL or of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, a written waiver, signed by the person or persons entitled to the notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the stockholders, Board of Directors or members of a committee of the Board of Directors need be specified in any written waiver of notice of such meeting.

(b) Waiver by Attendance . Attendance of a person at a meeting, either in person or by proxy, shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except where a person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting was not lawfully called or convened.

Section 2. Exception to Requirements of Notice .

(a) General Rule . Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of the GCL or of the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, to any person with whom communication is unlawful, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required and there shall be no duty to apply to any governmental authority or agency for a license or permit to give such notice to such person. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to any such person with whom communication is unlawful shall have the same force and effect as if such notice had been duly given.

(b) Stockholders Without Forwarding Addresses . Whenever notice is required to be given, under any provision of the GCL, the Certificate of Incorporation or these Bylaws, to any stockholder to whom (i) notice of two consecutive annual meetings, and all notices of meetings or of the taking of action by written consent without a meeting to such person during the period between such two consecutive annual meetings, or (ii) all, and at least two

(2), payments (if sent by first class mail) of dividends or interest on securities during a twelve (12) month period, have been mailed addressed to such person at his address as shown on the records of the Corporation and have been returned undeliverable, the giving of such notice to such person shall not be required. Any action or meeting which shall be taken or held without notice to such person shall have the same force and effect as if such notice setting forth the person’s then current address, the requirement that notice be given to such person shall be reinstated.

ARTICLE XI

GENERAL PROVISIONS

Section 1. Depositories . All monies of the Corporation shall be deposited when as received by the Treasurer in such bank or banks or other depositary as may from time to time be designated by the Board of Directors, and such deposits shall be made in the name of the Corporation.

Section 2. Other Securities . The Corporation may take, acquire, hold, mortgage, sell, or otherwise deal in stocks or bonds or securities of any other corporation, if and as often as the Board of Directors shall determine to be advisable and in the best interests of the Corporation.

Section 3. Forum Selection . The Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware shall be the sole and exclusive forum for (i) any derivative action or proceeding brought on behalf of the Corporation, (ii) any action asserting a claim of breach of a fiduciary duty owed by any director or officer of the Corporation to the Corporation or the Corporation’s stockholders, (iii) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation arising pursuant to any provision of the DGCL or the Corporation’s Certificate of Incorporation or Bylaws, or (iv) any action asserting a claim against the Corporation governed by the internal affairs doctrine.

CERTIFICATE OF SECRETARY

I, the undersigned, do hereby certify that:

(1) I am the duly elected and acting Secretary of ImmunoCellular Therapeutics, Ltd., a Delaware corporation; and

(2) The foregoing Amended and Restated Bylaws, comprising 16 pages, constitute the Amended and Restated Bylaws of said Corporation as duly adopted by written consent of the Board of Directors of the Corporation.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto subscribed my name this 27th day of September, 2010.

Exhibit 4.3

2006 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

OF

IMMUNOCELLULAR THERAPEUTICS, LTD.

(As Amended and Restated as of September 27, 2010)

The purposes of the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan (“Plan”) of IMMUNOCELLULAR THERAPEUTICS, LTD., a Delaware corporation formerly known as Patco Industries, Ltd. and Optical Molecular Imaging, Inc. (the “Company”), are to:

1.1 Encourage selected employees, directors, consultants and advisers to improve operations and increase the profitability of the Company;

1.2 Encourage selected employees, directors, consultants and advisers to accept or continue employment or association with the Company or its Affiliates; and

1.3 Increase the interest of selected employees, directors, consultants and advisers in the Company’s welfare through participation in the growth in value of the common stock of the Company, par value $.001 per share (the “Common Stock”). The Company intends to effect a .00434-for-1 reverse stock split of the Common Stock shortly after the adoption of this Plan. Accordingly, all references in this Plan to the number of shares of Common Stock for any purpose assume that the .4032258-for-1 reverse stock split has been effected and represent shares after such stock split.

2.1 The Administrator (as defined below) may, from time to time, take the following action, separately or in combination, under the Plan: (i) grant “incentive stock options” (“ISOs”) intended to satisfy the requirements of Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the regulations thereunder (the “Code”); (ii) grant “non-qualified options” (“NQOs,” and together with ISOs, “Options”); (iii) grant or sell Common Stock subject to restrictions (“restricted stock”) and (iv) grant stock appreciation rights (in general, the right to receive the excess of the fair market value of Common Stock on the exercise date over its fair market value on the grant date (“SARs”)), either in tandem with Options or as separate and independent grants. Any such awards may be made to employees, including employees who are officers or directors, and to individuals described in Section 1 of this Plan who the Administrator believes have made or will make a contribution to the Company or any Affiliate (as defined below); provided, however, that only a person who is an employee of the Company or any Affiliate at the date of the grant of an Option is eligible to receive ISOs under the plan. The term “Affiliate” as used in this Plan means a parent or subsidiary corporation as defined in the applicable provisions (currently Sections 424(e) and (f), respectively) of the Code. The term “employee” includes an officer or director who is an employee of the Company. The term “consultant” includes persons employed by, or otherwise affiliated with, a consultant. The term “adviser” includes persons employed by, or otherwise affiliated with, an adviser.

2.2 Except as otherwise expressly set forth in this Plan, no right or benefit under this Plan shall be subject in any manner to anticipation, alienation, hypothecation, or charge, and any such attempted action shall be void. No right or benefit under this Plan shall in any manner be liable for or subject to debts, contracts, liabilities, or torts of any option holder or any other person except as otherwise may be expressly required by applicable law.

Subject to the provisions of Sections 6.1.1 and 8.2 of this Plan, the total number of shares of Common Stock which may be offered, or issued as restricted stock or on the exercise of Options or SARs under the Plan shall not exceed six million (6,000,000)  shares of Common Stock. The shares subject to an Option or SAR granted under the Plan which expire, terminate or are cancelled unexercised shall become available again for grants under this Plan. If shares of restricted stock awarded under the Plan are forfeited to the Company or repurchased by the Company, the number of shares forfeited or repurchased shall again be available under the Plan. Where the exercise price of an Option is paid by means of the optionee’s surrender of previously owned shares of Common Stock or the Company’s withholding of shares otherwise issuable upon exercise of the Option as may be permitted herein, only the net number of shares issued and which remain outstanding in connection with such exercise shall be deemed “issued” and no longer available for issuance under this Plan. No eligible person shall be granted Options or other awards during any twelve-month period covering more than seven hundred twenty-five thousand (725,000)  shares.

4.1 This Plan shall be administered by the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Board”) or by a committee (the “Committee”) to which administration of this Plan, or of part of this Plan, is delegated by the Board (in either case, the “Administrator”). The Board shall appoint and remove members of the Committee in its discretion in accordance with applicable laws. At the Board’s discretion, the Committee may be comprised solely of “non-employee directors” within the meaning of Rule 16b-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), or “outside directors” within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code. The Administrator may delegate non-discretionary administrative duties to such employees of the Company as the Administrator deems proper and the Board, in its absolute discretion, may at any time and from time to time exercise any and all rights and duties of the Administrator under this Plan.

4.2 Subject to the other provisions of this Plan, the Administrator shall have the authority, in its discretion: (i) to grant Options and SARs and grant or sell restricted stock; (ii) to determine the fair market value of the Common Stock subject to Options or other awards; (iii) to determine the exercise price of Options granted, the economic terms of SARs granted, or the offering price of restricted stock; (iv) to determine the persons to whom, and the time or times at which, Options or SARs shall be granted or restricted stock granted or sold, and the number of shares subject to each Option or SAR or the number of shares of restricted stock granted or sold; (v) to construe and interpret the terms and provisions of this Plan, of any applicable agreement and all Options and SARs granted under this Plan, and of any restricted stock award under this Plan; (vi) to prescribe, amend, and rescind rules and regulations relating to this Plan; (vii) to determine the terms and provisions of each Option and SAR granted and award of restricted stock (which need not be identical), including but not limited to, the time or times at which Options and SARs shall be exercisable or the time at which the restrictions on restricted stock shall lapse; (viii) with the consent of the grantee, to rescind any award or exercise of an Option or SAR and to modify or amend the terms of any Option, SAR or restricted stock; (ix) to reduce the exercise price of any Option, the base value from which appreciation is to be determined with respect to an SAR or the purchase price of restricted stock, provided that any such reduction shall not be less than provided with Sections 6.2.1 and 6.3.1; (x) to accelerate or defer (with the consent of the grantee) the exercise date of any Option or SAR or the date on which the restrictions on restricted stock lapse; (xi) to issue shares of restricted stock to an optionee in connection with the accelerated exercise of an Option by such optionee; (xii) to authorize any person to execute on behalf of the Company any instrument evidencing the grant of an Option. SAR or award of restricted stock; (xiii) to determine the duration and purposes of leaves of absence which may be granted to participants without constituting a termination of their employment for the purposes of the Plan; and (xiv) to make all other determinations deemed necessary or advisable for the administration of this Plan, any applicable agreement, Option, SAR or award of restricted stock.

4.3 All questions of interpretation, implementation, and application of this Plan or any agreement or Option, SAR or award of restricted stock shall be determined by the Administrator, which determination shall be final and binding on all persons.

5.1 No Options or SARs shall be granted under this Plan after ten (10) years from the date of adoption of this Plan by the Board. No SARs shall be granted under the Plan unless and until the common stock of the Company is publicly traded.

5.2 Each Option and SAR shall be evidenced by a written agreement, in form satisfactory to the Administrator, executed by the Company and the person to whom such grant is made. In the event of a conflict between the terms or conditions of an agreement and the terms and conditions of this Plan, the terms and conditions of this Plan shall govern.

5.3 Each agreement shall specify whether the Option it evidences is an NQO or an ISO, provided, however, all Options granted under this Plan to non-employee directors, consultants and advisers of the Company are intended to be NQOs.

5.4 Subject to Section 6.3.3 with respect to ISOs, the Administrator may approve the grant of Options or SARs under this Plan to persons who are expected to become employees, directors, consultants or advisers of the Company, but are not employees, directors, consultants or advisers at the date of approval.

Each Option and SAR granted under this Plan shall be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 6.1. NQOs and SARs shall also be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 6.2, but not those set forth in Section 6.3. ISOs shall also be subject to the terms and conditions set forth in Section 6.3, but not those set forth in Section 6.2. SARs shall be subject to the terms and conditions of Section 6.4.

6.1 Terms and Conditions to Which All Options and SARs Are Subject . All Options and SARs granted under this Plan shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:

6.1.1 Changes in Capital Structure . Subject to Section 6.1.2, if the stock of the Company is changed by reason of a stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination or reclassification, or if the Company effects a spin-off of the Company’s subsidiary, appropriate adjustments shall be made by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, in (a) the number and class of shares of stock subject to this Plan and each Option and SAR outstanding under this Plan, and (b) the exercise price of each outstanding Option; provided, that the Company shall not be required to issue fractional shares as a result of any such adjustments. Any adjustment, however, in an outstanding Option shall be made without change in the total price applicable to the unexercised portion of the Option but with a corresponding adjustment in the price for each share covered by the unexercised portion of the Option. Adjustments under this Section 6.1.1 shall be made by the Administrator, whose determination as to the nature of the adjustments that shall be made, and the extent thereof, shall be final, binding, and conclusive. If an adjustment under this Section 6.1.1 would result in a fractional share interest under an option or any installment, the Administrator’s decision as to inclusion or exclusion of that fractional share interest shall be final, but no fractional shares of stock shall be issued under the Plan on account of any such adjustment.

6.1.2 Corporate Transactions . Except as otherwise provided in the applicable agreement, in the event of a Corporate Transaction (as defined below), the Administrator shall notify each holder of an Option or SAR at least thirty (30) days prior thereto or as soon as may be practicable. To the extent not then exercised all Options and SARs shall terminate immediately prior to the consummation of such Corporate Transaction unless the Administrator determines otherwise in its sole discretion; provided. however, that the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may (i) permit exercise of any Options or SARs prior to their termination, even if such Options or SARs would not otherwise have been exercisable, and/or (ii) provide that all or certain of the outstanding Options and SARs shall be assumed or an equivalent Option or SAR substituted by an applicable successor corporation or entity or any Affiliate of the successor corporation or entity. A “Corporate Transaction” means (i) a liquidation or dissolution of the Company; (ii) a merger or consolidation of the Company with or into another corporation or entity (other than a merger with a wholly-owned subsidiary); (iii) a sale of all or substantially all of the assets of the Company; or (iv) a purchase or other acquisition of more than 50% of the outstanding stock of the Company by one person or by more than one person acting in concert.

6.1.3 Time of Option or SAR Exercise . Subject to Section 5 and Section 6.3.4, an Option or SAR granted under the Plan shall be exercisable (a) immediately as of the effective date of the of the applicable agreement or (b) in accordance with a schedule or performance criteria as may be set by the Administrator and specified in the applicable agreement. However, in no case may an Option or SAR be exercisable until a written agreement in form and substance satisfactory to the Company is executed by the Company and the grantee.

6.1.4 Grant Date . The date of grant of an Option or SAR under the Plan shall be the effective date of the applicable agreement.

6.1.5 Non-Transferability of Rights . Except with the express written approval of the Administrator, which approval the Administrator is authorized to give only with respect to NQOs and SARs, no Option or SAR granted under this Plan shall be assignable or otherwise transferable by the grantee except by will or by the laws of descent and distribution. During the life of the grantee, an Option or SAR shall be exercisable only by the grantee.

6.1.6 Payment . Except as provided below, payment in full, in cash, shall be made for all stock purchased at the time written notice of exercise of an Option is given to the Company and the proceeds of any payment shall be considered general funds of the Company. The Administrator, in the exercise of its absolute discretion after considering any tax, accounting and financial consequences, may authorize any one or more of the following additional methods of payment:

(a) Subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, acceptance of the optionee’s full recourse promissory note for all or part of the Option price, payable on such terms and bearing such interest rate as determined by the Administrator (but in no event less than the minimum interest rate specified under the Code at which no additional interest or original issue discount would be imputed), which promissory note may be either secured or unsecured in such manner as the Administrator shall approve (including, without limitation, by a security interest in the shares of the Company);

(b) Subject to the discretion of the Administrator and the terms of the stock option agreement granting the Option, delivery by the optionee of shares of Common Stock already owned by the optionee for all or part of the Option price, provided the fair market value (determined as set forth in Section 6.1.9) of such shares of Common Stock is equal on the date of exercise to the Option price, or such portion thereof as the optionee is authorized to pay by delivery of such stock;

(c) Subject to the discretion of the Administrator, through the surrender of shares of Common Stock then issuable upon exercise of the Option, provided the fair market value (determined as set forth in Section 6.1.9) of such shares of Common Stock is equal on the date of exercise to the Option price, or such portion thereof as the optionee is authorized to pay by surrender of such stock; and

(d) By means of so-called cashless exercises as permitted under applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the Federal Reserve Board.

6.1.7 Withholding and Employment Taxes . At the time of exercise and as a condition thereto, or at such other time as the amount of such obligation becomes determinable, the grantee of an Option or SAR shall remit to the Company in cash all applicable federal and state withholding and employment taxes. Such obligation to remit may be satisfied, if authorized by the Administrator in its sole discretion, after considering any tax, accounting and financial consequences, by the holder’s (i) delivery of a promissory note in the required amount on such terms as the Administrator deems appropriate, (ii) tendering to the Company previously owned shares of Common Stock or other securities of the Company with a fair market value equal to the required amount, or (iii) agreeing to have shares of Common Stock (with a fair market value equal to the required amount), which are acquired upon exercise of the Option or SAR, withheld by the Company.

6.1.8 Other Provisions . Each Option and SAR granted under this Plan may contain such other terms, provisions, and conditions not inconsistent with this Plan as may be determined by the Administrator, and each ISO granted under this Plan shall include such provisions and conditions as are necessary to qualify the Option as an “incentive stock option” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code.

6.1.9 Determination of Value . For purposes of this Plan, the fair market value of Common Stock or other securities of the Company shall be determined as follows:

(a) If the stock of the Company is listed on a securities exchange or is regularly quoted by a recognized securities dealer, and selling prices are reported, its fair market value shall be the closing price of such stock on the date the value is to be determined, but if selling prices are not reported, its fair market value shall be the mean between the high bid and low asked prices for such stock on the date the value is to be determined (or if there are no quoted prices for the date of grant, then for the last preceding business day on which there were quoted prices).

(b) In the absence of an established market for the stock, the fair market value thereof shall be determined in good faith by the Administrator, with reference to the Company’s net worth, prospective earning power, dividend-paying capacity, and other relevant factors, including the goodwill of the Company, the economic outlook in the Company’s industry, the Company’s position in the industry, the Company’s management, and the values of stock of other corporations in the same or a similar line of business.

6.1.10 Option and SAR Term . No Option or SAR shall be exercisable more than 10 years after the date of grant, or such lesser period of time as is set forth in the applicable agreement (the end of the maximum exercise period stated in the agreement is referred to in this Plan as the “Expiration Date”).

6.2 Terms and Conditions to Which NQOs and SARs Are Subject . Options granted under this Plan which are designated as NQOs and SARs shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:

6.2.1 Exercise Price . The exercise price of an NQO and the base value of a SAR shall be no less than the fair market value of the Common Stock on the date of grant.

6.2.2 Termination of Employment . Except as otherwise provided in the applicable agreement, if for any reason a grantee ceases to be employed by the Company or any of its Affiliates, Options that are NQOs and SARs held at the date of termination (to the extent then exercisable) may be exercised in whole or in part at any time within ninety (90) days of the date of such termination (but in no event after the Expiration Date). For purposes of this Section 6.2.2, “employment” includes service as a director, consultant or adviser. For purposes of this Section 6.2.2, a grantee’s employment shall not be deemed to terminate by reason of the grantee’s transfer from the Company to an Affiliate, or vice versa, or sick leave, military leave or other leave of absence approved by the Administrator, if the period of any such leave does not exceed ninety (90) days or, if longer, if the grantee’s right to reemployment by the Company or any Affiliate is guaranteed either contractually or by statute.

6.3 Terms and Conditions to Which Only ISOs Are Subject . Options granted under this Plan which are designated as ISOs shall be subject to the following terms and conditions:

6.3.1 Exercise Price . The exercise price of an ISO shall not be less than the fair market value (determined in accordance with Section 6.1.9) of the stock covered by the Option at the time the Option is granted. The exercise price of an ISO granted to any person who owns, directly or by attribution under the Code (currently Section 424(d)), stock possessing more than ten percent (10%) of the total combined voting power of all classes of stock of the Company or of any Affiliate (a “Ten Percent Stockholder”) shall in no event be less than one hundred ten percent (110%) of the fair market value (determined in accordance with Section 6.1.9) of the stock covered by the Option at the time the Option is granted.

6.3.2 Disqualifying Dispositions . If stock acquired by exercise of an ISO granted pursuant to this Plan is disposed of in a “disqualifying disposition” within the meaning of Section 422 of the Code (a disposition within two (2) years from the date of grant of the Option or within one year after the issuance of such stock on exercise of the Option), the holder of the stock immediately before the disposition shall promptly notify the Company in writing of the date and terms of the disposition and shall provide such other information regarding the Option as the Company may reasonably require.

6.3.3 Grant Date . If an ISO is granted in anticipation of employment as provided in Section 5.4, the Option shall be deemed granted, without further approval, on the date the grantee assumes the employment relationship forming the basis for such grant, and, in addition, satisfies all requirements of this Plan for Options granted on that date.

6.3.4 Term . Notwithstanding Section 6.1.10, no ISO granted to any Ten Percent Stockholder shall be exercisable more than five (5) years after the date of grant.

6.3.5 Termination of Employment . Except as otherwise provided in the stock option agreement, if for any reason an optionee ceases to be employed by the Company or any of its Affiliates, Options that are ISOs held at the date of termination (to the extent then exercisable) may be exercised in whole or in part at any time within ninety (90) days of the date of such termination (but in no event after the Expiration Date). For purposes of this Section 6.3.5, an optionee’s employment shall not be deemed to terminate by reason of the optionee’s transfer from the Company to an Affiliate, or vice versa, or sick leave, military leave or other leave of absence approved by the Administrator, if the period of any such leave does not exceed ninety (90) days or, if longer, if the optionee’s right to reemployment by the Company or any Affiliate is guaranteed either contractually or by statute.

6.4 Terms and Conditions Applicable Solely to SARs . In addition to the other terms and conditions applicable to SARs in this Section 6, the holder shall be entitled to receive on exercise of an SAR only Common Stock at a fair market value equal to the benefit to be received by the exercise.

7.1 An optionee wishing to exercise an Option or SAR shall give written notice to the Company at its principal executive office, to the attention of the officer of the Company designated by the Administrator, accompanied by payment of the exercise price and/or withholding taxes as provided in Sections 6.1.6 and 6.1.7. The date the Company receives written notice of an exercise hereunder accompanied by the applicable payment will be considered as the date such Option or SAR was exercised.

7.2 Promptly after receipt of written notice of exercise and the applicable payments called for by Section 7.1, the Company shall, without stock issue or transfer taxes to the holder or other person entitled to exercise the Option or SAR, deliver to the holder or such other person a certificate or certificates for the requisite number of shares of Common Stock. A holder or permitted transferee of an Option or SAR shall not have any privileges as a stockholder with respect to any shares of Common Stock to be issued until the date of issuance (as evidenced by the appropriate entry on the books of the Company or a duly authorized transfer agent) of such shares.

8.1 Grant or Sale of Restricted Stock .

8.1.1 No awards of restricted stock shall be granted under this Plan after ten (10) years from the date of adoption of this Plan by the Board.

8.1.2 The Administrator may issue shares under the Plan as a grant or for such consideration (including services, and, subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, promissory notes) as determined by the Administrator. Shares issued under the Plan shall be subject to the terms, conditions and restrictions determined by the Administrator. The restrictions may include restrictions concerning transferability, repurchase by the Company and forfeiture of the shares issued, together with such other restrictions as may be determined by the Administrator. If shares are subject to forfeiture or repurchase by the Company, all dividends or other distributions paid by the Company with respect to the shares may be retained by the Company until the shares are no longer subject to forfeiture or repurchase, at which time all accumulated amounts shall be paid to the recipient. All Common Stock

issued pursuant to this Section 8 shall be subject to a purchase or grant agreement, which shall be executed by the Company and the prospective recipient of the shares prior to the delivery of certificates representing such shares to the recipient. The purchase or grant agreement may contain any terms, conditions, restrictions, representations and warranties required by the Administrator. The certificates representing the shares shall bear any legends required by the Administrator. The Administrator may require any purchaser of restricted stock to pay to the Company in cash upon demand amounts necessary to satisfy any applicable federal, state or local tax withholding requirements. If the purchaser fails to pay the amount demanded, the Administrator may withhold that amount from other amounts payable by the Company to the purchaser, including salary, subject to applicable law. With the consent of the Administrator in its sole discretion, a purchaser may deliver Common Stock to the Company to satisfy this withholding obligation. Upon the issuance of restricted stock, the number of shares reserved for issuance under the Plan shall be reduced by the number of shares issued.

8.2 Changes in Capital Structure . In the event of a change in the Company’s capital structure, as described in Section 6.1.1, appropriate adjustments shall be made by the Administrator, in its sole discretion, in the number and class of restricted stock subject to this Plan and the restricted stock outstanding under this Plan; provided, however, that the Company shall not be required to issue fractional shares as a result of any such adjustments.

8.3 Corporate Transactions . In the event of a Corporate Transaction, as defined in Section 6.1.2 hereof, to the extent not previously forfeited, all restricted stock shall be forfeited immediately prior to the consummation of such Corporate Transaction unless the Administrator determines otherwise in its sole discretion; provided, however, that the Administrator, in its sole discretion, may remove any restrictions as to any restricted stock. The Administrator may, in its sole discretion, provide that all outstanding restricted stock participate in the Corporate Transaction with an equivalent stock substituted by an applicable successor corporation subject to the restriction.

Nothing in this Plan or any Option granted hereunder shall interfere with or limit in any way the right of the Company or of any of its Affiliates to terminate the employment, consulting or advising of any optionee or restricted stock holder at any time, nor confer upon any optionee or restricted stock holder any right to continue in the employ of, or consult or advise with, the Company or any of its Affiliates.

10.1 Securities Act . Shares of Common Stock shall not be issued pursuant to the exercise of an Option or the receipt of restricted stock unless the exercise of such Option or such receipt of restricted stock and the issuance and delivery of such shares pursuant thereto shall comply with all relevant provisions of law, including, without limitation, the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).

10.2 Non-Compete Agreement . As a further condition to the receipt of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of an Option or the receipt of restricted stock, the optionee or recipient of restricted stock may be required not to render services for any organization, or engage directly or indirectly in any business, competitive with the Company at any time during which (i) an Option is outstanding to such Optionee and for six (6) months after any exercise of an Option or the receipt of Common Stock pursuant to the exercise of an Option and (ii) restricted stock is owned by such recipient and for six (6) months after the restrictions on such restricted stock lapse. Failure to comply with this condition shall cause such Option and the exercise or issuance of shares thereunder and/or the award of restricted stock to be rescinded and the benefit of such exercise, issuance or award to be repaid to the Company.

The adoption of this Plan shall not be construed as creating any limitations on the power of the Company to adopt such other incentive arrangements as it may deem desirable, including, without limitation, the granting of stock options other than under this Plan.

Each optionee, holder of an SAR or recipient of restricted stock, if so requested by the Company or any representative of the underwriters in connection with any registration of the offering of any securities of the Company under the Securities Act, shall not sell or otherwise transfer any shares of Common Stock acquired upon exercise of Options, SARs or receipt of restricted stock during the 180-day period following the effective date of a registration statement of the Company filed under the Securities Act; provided , however , that such restriction shall apply only to a registration statement of the Company which includes securities to be sold on behalf of the Company to the public in an underwritten public offering under the Securities Act and the restriction period shall not exceed 90 days after the registration statement becomes effective.

The Board may at any time amend, alter, suspend or discontinue this Plan. Without the consent of an optionee, holder of an SAR or holder of restricted stock, no amendment, alteration, suspension or discontinuance may adversely affect such person’s outstanding Option(s), SAR(s) or the terms applicable to restricted stock except to conform this Plan and ISOs granted under this Plan to the requirements of federal or other tax laws relating to incentive stock options. No amendment, alteration, suspension or discontinuance shall require stockholder approval unless (a) stockholder approval is required to preserve incentive stock option treatment for federal income tax purposes or (b) the Board otherwise concludes that stockholder approval is advisable.

This Plan shall become effective upon adoption by the Board; provided , however , that no Option or SAR shall be exercisable unless and until written consent of the stockholders of the Company, or approval of stockholders of the Company voting at a validly called stockholders’ meeting, is obtained within twelve (12) months after adoption by the Board. If any Options or SARs are so granted and stockholder approval shall not have been obtained within twelve (12) months of the date of adoption of this Plan by the Board, such Options and SARs shall terminate retroactively as of the date they were granted. Awards may be made under this Plan and exercise of Options and SARs shall occur only after there has been compliance with all applicable federal and state securities laws. This Plan (but not Options and SARs previously granted under this Plan) shall terminate within ten (10) years from the date of its adoption by the Board. Termination shall not affect any outstanding Options or SARs or the terms applicable to previously awarded restricted stock.