Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

(Mark One)

þ  

ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 For the Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2010

or

 

¨  

TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 1-10269

Allergan, Inc.

(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)

 

Delaware   95-1622442

(State or Other Jurisdiction of

Incorporation or Organization)

  (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

2525 Dupont Drive

Irvine, California

 

92612

(Zip Code)

(Address of Principal Executive Offices)  

(714) 246-4500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of Each Class   Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered

Common Stock, $0.01 Par Value

  New York Stock Exchange

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes   þ     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes   ¨     No   þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes   þ     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes   þ     No   ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K (§229.405 of this chapter) is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.     þ

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

 

 

Large accelerated filer   þ

 

Accelerated filer   ¨

Non-accelerated filer   ¨  (Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

 

Smaller reporting company   ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes   ¨     No   þ

As of June 30, 2010, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant was approximately $17,638 million based on the closing sale price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

Common stock outstanding as of February 22, 2011 — 307,511,888 shares (including 1,834,765 shares held in treasury).

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Part III of this report incorporates certain information by reference from the registrant’s proxy statement for the annual meeting of stockholders to be held on May 3, 2011, which proxy statement will be filed no later than 120 days after the close of the registrant’s fiscal year ended December 31, 2010.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          Page  

PART I.  

     1   

Item 1.

   Business      1   

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors      32   

Item 1B.

   Unresolved Staff Comments      52   

Item 2.

   Properties      52   

Item 3.

   Legal Proceedings      52   

Item 4.

   (Removed and Reserved)      62   

PART II.  

     63   

Item 5.

   Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities      63   

Item 6.

   Selected Financial Data      64   

Item 7.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations      65   

Item 7A.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk      95   

Item 8.

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data      99   

Item 9.

   Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure      99   

Item 9A.

   Controls and Procedures      100   

Item 9B.

   Other Information      100   

PART III.  

     101   

Item 10.

   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance      101   

Item 11.

   Executive Compensation      101   

Item 12.

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters      101   

Item 13.

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence      101   

Item 14.

   Principal Accounting Fees and Services      101   

PART IV.  

     102   

Item 15.

   Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules      102   

SIGNATURES

     109   

 

i


Table of Contents

Statements made by us in this report and in other reports and statements released by us that are not historical facts constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section 21 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. These forward-looking statements are necessarily estimates reflecting the best judgment of our senior management based on our current estimates, expectations, forecasts and projections and include comments that express our current opinions about trends and factors that may impact future operating results. Disclosures that use words such as we “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “intend,” “could,” “plan,” “expect,” “project” or the negative of these, as well as similar expressions, are intended to identify forward-looking statements. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and rely on a number of assumptions concerning future events, many of which are outside of our control, and involve known and unknown risks and uncertainties that could cause our actual results, performance or achievements, or industry results, to differ materially from any future results, performance or achievements expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We discuss such risks, uncertainties and other factors throughout this report and specifically under the caption “Risk Factors” in Item 1A of Part I of this report below. Any such forward-looking statements, whether made in this report or elsewhere, should be considered in the context of the various disclosures made by us about our businesses including, without limitation, the risk factors discussed below. Except as required under the federal securities laws and the rules and regulations of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, we do not have any intention or obligation to update publicly any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, changes in assumptions or otherwise.

PART I

 

Item 1. Business

General Overview of our Business

We are a multi-specialty health care company focused on developing and commercializing innovative pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices and over-the-counter products that enable people to live life to its greatest potential — to see more clearly, move more freely and express themselves more fully. Our diversified approach enables us to follow our research and development into new specialty areas where unmet needs are significant.

We discover, develop and commercialize specialty pharmaceutical, biologics, medical device and over-the-counter products for the ophthalmic, neurological, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology, breast aesthetics, obesity intervention, urological and other specialty markets in more than 100 countries around the world. Our diversified business model includes products for which patients may be eligible for reimbursement and cash pay products that consumers pay for directly. Based on internal information and assumptions, we estimate that in fiscal year 2010, approximately 71% of our net product sales were derived from reimbursable products and 29% of our net product sales were derived from cash pay products.

We are a pioneer in specialty pharmaceutical, biologic and medical device research and development, with global efforts targeting products and technologies related to eye care, skin care, neuromodulators, medical aesthetics, obesity intervention, urology and neurology. In 2010, our research and development expenditures were approximately 16.7% of our product net sales or approximately $804.6 million. We supplement our own research and development activities with our commitment to identify and obtain new technologies through in-licensing, research collaborations, joint ventures and acquisitions.

We were founded in 1950 and incorporated in Delaware in 1977. Our principal executive offices are located at 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California, 92612, and our telephone number at that location is (714) 246-4500. Our Internet website address is www.allergan.com . Our Internet website address is not intended to function as a hyperlink and the information available at our website address is not incorporated by reference into this Annual Report on Form 10-K. We make our periodic and current reports, together with amendments to these reports, available on our Internet website, free of charge, as soon as reasonably practicable after such material is

 

1


Table of Contents

electronically filed with, or furnished to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. The SEC maintains an Internet website at www.sec.gov that contains the reports, proxy and information statements and other information that we file electronically with the SEC.

Operating Segments

We operate our business on the basis of two reportable segments — specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The specialty pharmaceuticals segment produces a broad range of pharmaceutical products, including: ophthalmic products for dry eye, glaucoma, retinal diseases and ocular surface disease; Botox ® for certain therapeutic and aesthetic indications; skin care products for acne, psoriasis, eyelash growth and other prescription and over-the-counter skin care products; and urologics products. The medical devices segment produces a broad range of medical devices, including: breast implants for augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery; obesity intervention products, including the Lap-Band ® System and the Orbera Intragastric Balloon System; and facial aesthetics products. The following table sets forth, for the periods indicated, product net sales for each of our product lines within our specialty pharmaceuticals segment and medical devices segment, domestic and international sales as a percentage of total product net sales within our specialty pharmaceuticals segment and medical devices segment, and segment operating income for our specialty pharmaceuticals segment and medical devices segment:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  
     (dollars in millions)  

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment Product Net Sales by Product Line

  

Eye Care Pharmaceuticals

   $ 2,262.0      $ 2,100.6      $ 2,009.1   

Botox ® /Neuromodulator

     1,419.4        1,309.6        1,310.9   

Skin Care

     229.5        208.0        113.7   

Urologics

     62.5        65.6        68.6   
                        

Total Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment Product Net Sales

   $ 3,973.4      $ 3,683.8      $ 3,502.3   
                        

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment Product Net Sales

      

Domestic

     63.6     66.5     65.2

International

     36.4     33.5     34.8

Medical Devices Segment Product Net Sales by Product Line

      

Breast Aesthetics

   $ 319.1      $ 287.5      $ 310.0   

Obesity Intervention

     243.3        258.2        296.0   

Facial Aesthetics

     283.8        218.1        231.4   
                        

Total Medical Devices Segment Product Net Sales

   $ 846.2      $ 763.8      $ 837.4   
                        

Medical Devices Segment Product Net Sales

      

Domestic

     57.9     60.5     62.0

International

     42.1     39.5     38.0

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment Operating Income (1)

   $ 1,501.9      $ 1,370.8      $ 1,220.1   

Medical Devices Segment Operating Income (1)

     284.7        189.2        222.0   

Consolidated Long-Lived Assets

      

Domestic

   $ 3,222.4      $ 3,678.3      $ 3,785.4   

International

     688.1        572.3        549.4   

 

  (1)

Management evaluates business segment performance on an operating income basis exclusive of general and administrative expenses and other indirect costs, legal settlement expenses, intangible asset impairment and related costs, restructuring charges, in-process research and development expenses, amortization of certain identifiable intangible assets related to business combinations and asset acquisitions and related capitalized licensing costs and certain other adjustments, which are not allocated to our business segments for performance assessment by our chief operating decision maker. Other adjustments excluded from our business segments for purposes of performance assessment represent income or expenses that do not reflect, according to established company-defined criteria, operating income or expenses associated with our core business activities.

 

2


Table of Contents

We do not discretely allocate assets to our operating segments, nor does our chief operating decision maker evaluate operating segments using discrete asset information.

See Note 17, “Business Segment Information,” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules,” for further information concerning our foreign and domestic operations.

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment

Eye Care Pharmaceuticals Product Line

We develop, manufacture and market a broad range of prescription and non-prescription products designed to treat diseases and disorders of the eye, including chronic dry eye, glaucoma, inflammation, infection, allergy and retinal disease.

Chronic Dry Eye

Restasis ® (cyclosporine ophthalmic emulsion) 0.05% is the first, and currently the only, prescription therapy for the treatment of chronic dry eye worldwide. Restasis ® is our best selling eye care product. Chronic dry eye is a painful and irritating condition involving abnormalities and deficiencies in the tear film initiated by a variety of causes. The incidence of chronic dry eye increases markedly with age, after menopause in women and in people with systemic diseases such as Sjögren’s syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis. Until the approval of Restasis ® , physicians used lubricating tears to provide palliative relief of the debilitating symptoms of chronic dry eye. We launched Restasis ® in the United States in 2003 under a license from Novartis AG for the ophthalmic use of cyclosporine. During the third quarter of 2010, Health Canada approved Restasis ® for the treatment of moderate to moderately severe aqueous deficient dry eye disease. Restasis ® is currently approved in 41 countries.

Our over-the-counter artificial tears products, including the Refresh ® and Refresh ® Optive brands, treat dry eye symptoms including irritation and dryness due to pollution, computer use, aging and other causes. Refresh ® , launched in 1986, includes a wide range of preserved and non-preserved drops as well as ointments to treat dry eye symptoms. According to IMS Health Incorporated, an independent marketing research firm, our artificial tears products, including the Refresh ® and Refresh ® Optive brands, were again the number one selling artificial tears products worldwide for the first nine months of 2010.

Glaucoma

The largest segment of the market for ophthalmic prescription drugs is for the treatment of glaucoma, a sight-threatening disease typically characterized by elevated intraocular pressure leading to optic nerve damage. Glaucoma is currently the world’s second leading cause of blindness, and we estimate that over 70 million people worldwide have glaucoma. According to IMS Health Incorporated, our products for the treatment of glaucoma, including Lumigan ® (bimatoprost ophthalmic solution) 0.03%, Lumigan ® 0.01%, Ganfort (bimatoprost/timolol maleate ophthalmic solution), Alphagan ® (brimonidine tartrate ophthalmic solution) 0.2%, or Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15%, Alphagan ® P 0.1% and Combigan ® (brimonidine tartrate/timolol maleate ophthalmic solution) 0.2%/0.5%, captured approximately 26.2% of worldwide market sales in their product categories for first nine months of 2010.

Lumigan ® 0.03% and Lumigan ® 0.01% are topical treatments indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with glaucoma or ocular hypertension. Lumigan ® 0.01% is an improved reformulation of Lumigan ® 0.03%. We currently sell Lumigan ® 0.01% and Lumigan ® 0.03% in the United States and over 75 countries worldwide and, together, they are our second best selling eye care products. According to IMS Health Incorporated, Lumigan ® 0.01% and Lumigan ® 0.03% were amongst the best selling glaucoma products in the world for the first nine months of 2010. In 2002, the European Commission approved Lumigan ®

 

3


Table of Contents


0.03%. In 2004, the European Union’s Committee for Proprietary Medicinal Products approved Lumigan ® 0.03% as a first-line therapy for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in chronic open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension. In 2006, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, approved Lumigan ® 0.03% as a first-line therapy. We are party to an exclusive licensing agreement with Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., or Senju, under which Senju became responsible for the development and commercialization of Lumigan ® 0.03% in Japan. In 2009, Senju received approval of Lumigan ® 0.03% in Japan. Also in 2009, Lumigan ® 0.01% was approved by Health Canada. In the first quarter of 2010, the European Commission granted a Marketing Authorization for Lumigan ® 0.01% in the European Union member states. During the third quarter of 2010, the FDA approved Lumigan ® 0.01% as a first-line therapy indicated for the reduction of elevated intraocular pressure in patients with open-angle glaucoma or ocular hypertension. In 2006, we received a license from the European Commission to market Ganfort in the European Union. Ganfort is now sold in over 37 countries outside the United States. Combined sales of Lumigan ® 0.03%, Lumigan ® 0.01% and Ganfort represented approximately 11%, 10% and 10% of our total consolidated product net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Our third best selling eye care products are the ophthalmic solutions Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15% and Alphagan ® P 0.1%. These products lower intraocular pressure by reducing aqueous humor production and increasing uveoscleral outflow. Alphagan ® P 0.15% and Alphagan ® P 0.1% are improved reformulations of Alphagan ® containing brimonidine, the active ingredient in Alphagan ® , preserved with Purite ® . We currently market Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15% and Alphagan ® P 0.1% in over 70 countries worldwide. In 2002, based on the acceptance of Alphagan ® P 0.15%, we discontinued the U.S. distribution of Alphagan ® . We are party to an exclusive licensing agreement with Senju, under which Senju is responsible for the development and commercialization of Alphagan ® and Alphagan ® P 0.15% in Japan. The marketing exclusivity period for Alphagan ® P 0.1% expired in 2008 and Alphagan ® P 0.15 % now faces generic competition in the United States, although we have a number of patents covering the Alphagan ® P 0.1% and Alphagan ® P 0.15% technology that extend to 2022 in the United States. In 2003, the FDA approved the first generic of Alphagan ® . Additionally, a generic form of Alphagan ® is sold in a limited number of other countries, including Canada, Mexico, India, Brazil, Colombia, Argentina and in the European Union.

We also developed the ophthalmic solution Combigan ® , a brimonidine and timolol combination designed to treat glaucoma and ocular hypertension in patients who are not responsive to treatment with only one medication and are considered appropriate candidates for combination therapy. In 2005, we received positive opinions for Combigan ® from 20 concerned member states included in the Combigan ® Mutual Recognition Procedure for the European Union, and we launched Combigan ® in the European Union during 2006. In 2007, the FDA approved Combigan ® and we launched Combigan ® in the United States. Combigan ® is now sold in 67 countries worldwide. Combined sales of Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15% and Alphagan ® P 0.1% and Combigan ® represented approximately 8%, 9% and 9% of our total consolidated product net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Inflammation

Our ophthalmic anti-inflammatory product Acuvail ® (ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution) 0.45%, an advanced unit-dose preservative-free formulation of ketorolac for the treatment of pain and inflammation following cataract surgery, was approved by the FDA in 2009. Our ophthalmic anti-inflammatory product Acular LS ® (ketorolac ophthalmic solution) 0.4% is a version of Acular ® that has been reformulated for the reduction of ocular pain, burning and stinging following corneal refractive surgery. Acular ® PF was the first preservative-free topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug in the United States. Acular ® PF is indicated for the reduction of ocular pain and photophobia following incisional refractive surgery. In 2009, the FDA approved seven Abbreviated New Drug Applications, or ANDAs, for ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution 0.5%, a generic version of Acular ® and Acular LS ® . Acular ® and Acular LS ® now face generic competition. Our ophthalmic anti-inflammatory product Pred Forte ® remains a leading topical steroid worldwide based on 2010 sales. Pred Forte ® has no patent protection or marketing exclusivity and faces generic competition.

 

4


Table of Contents

Infection

Our leading anti-infective is Zymar ® (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.3%, which we license from Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and have worldwide ophthalmic commercial rights excluding Japan, Korea, Taiwan and certain other countries in Asia and Europe. We launched Zymar ® in the United States in 2003. Zymar ® is a fourth-generation fluoroquinolone for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis and is currently approved in 33 countries. Laboratory studies have shown that Zymar ® kills the most common bacteria that cause eye infections as well as specific resistant bacteria. During the second quarter of 2010, we received FDA approval of Zymaxid ® (gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution) 0.5%, our next-generation anti-infective product indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis. In February 2011, we announced the discontinuation of Zymar ® due to strong physician acceptance of Zymaxid ® with its increased concentration.

Allergy

The allergy market is, by its nature, a seasonal market, peaking during the spring months. We license Elestat ® from Boehringer Ingelheim AG, and hold worldwide ophthalmic commercial rights excluding Japan. Elestat ® is used for the prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. We launched Elestat ® in Europe under the brand names Relestat ® and Purivist ® during 2004, and Inspire Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Inspire, our marketing partner in the United States, launched Elestat ® during 2004. Elestat ® (together with sales under its brand names Relestat ® and Purivist ® ) is currently approved in 49 countries. In the third quarter of 2010, we acquired from Vistakon Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Beerse and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Inc., or, collectively, Vistakon, the global license to manufacture and commercialize alcaftadine 0.25%, a topical allergy medication for the prevention and treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. Alcaftadine is FDA-approved in the United States under the brand name Lastacaft (alcaftadine ophthalmic solution) and was commercialized in January 2011.

Retinal Disease

Ozurdex ® is a novel bioerodable formulation of dexamethasone in our proprietary Novadur sustained-release drug delivery system that can be used to locally and directly administer medications to the retina. In 2009, the FDA approved Ozurdex ® (dexamethasone intravitreal implant) 0.7 mg, as the first drug therapy indicated for the treatment of macular edema associated with branch retinal vein occlusion or central retinal vein occlusion. We launched Ozurdex ® in the United States in 2009. In the third quarter of 2010, the European Medicines Agency granted marketing authorization for Ozurdex ® in the 27 member states of the European Union, making Ozurdex ® the first licensed treatment in Europe for macular edema in patients with retinal vein occlusion. Also in the third quarter of 2010, the FDA approved Ozurdex ® for the treatment of non-infectious ocular inflammation, or uveitis, affecting the posterior segment of the eye.

Neuromodulator

Botox ®

Our neuromodulator product, Botox ® (onabotulinumtoxinA), has a long-established safety profile and has been approved by the FDA for more than 20 years to treat a variety of therapeutic conditions, as well as for aesthetic use since 2002. In 2010, therapeutic uses accounted for approximately 51% and aesthetic uses for approximately 49% of total sales. With more than 2,000 publications on Botox ® and Botox ® Cosmetic in scientific and medical journals, results of approximately 50 randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trials involving more than 11,000 patients, Botox ® is a widely researched medicine with more than 100 potential therapeutic and aesthetic uses reported in the medical literature. Over 18 million treatment sessions have been recorded with Botox ® and Botox ® Cosmetic in the United States alone over the past 16 years (1994-2009). Marketed as Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, Vistabel ® , Vistabex ® or Botox Vista ® depending on the indication and country of approval, the product is currently approved in approximately 80 countries for up to 21 unique

 

5


Table of Contents


indications. In 2009, following the approval of a competitor product, Dysport in the United States, we adopted a Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies program, or REMS, including a boxed warning about the potential spread of botulinum toxins from the site of injection and the lack of interchangeability among botulinum toxin products. Sales of Botox ® represented approximately 29%, 29% and 30% of our total consolidated product net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Botox ® has been primarily used therapeutically for the treatment of certain neuromuscular disorders which are characterized by involuntary muscle contractions or spasms as well as upper limb spasticity. In the fourth quarter of 2010, the FDA approved Botox ® for the prophylactic treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine. The approved therapeutic indications for Botox ® in the United States are as follows:

 

   

blepharospasm, the uncontrollable contraction of the eyelid muscles which can force the eye closed and result in functional blindness;

 

   

strabismus, or misalignment of the eyes, in people 12 years of age and over;

 

   

cervical dystonia, or sustained contractions or spasms of muscles in the shoulders or neck in adults, along with associated neck pain;

 

   

severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis (underarm sweating) that is inadequately managed with topical agents;

 

   

the treatment of increased muscle stiffness in the elbow, wrist and fingers in adults with upper limb spasticity; and

 

   

the prophylactic (preventative) treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine.

In many countries outside of the United States, Botox ® is approved for treating hemifacial spasm, spasticity associated with pediatric cerebral palsy and upper limb spasticity in post-stroke patients. We are currently in development for Botox ® in the United States and Europe for new indications, including lower limb spasticity, neurogenic overactive bladder, idiopathic overactive bladder and benign prostatic hyperplasia. In the third quarter of 2010, we received approval for Botox ® for the prophylactic treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine in the United Kingdom. In 2009, we submitted regulatory files for the use of Botox ® to treat chronic migraine in France, Switzerland and Canada and are currently seeking approval in the European Union. In the fourth quarter of 2010, we filed a supplemental Biologics License Application, or sBLA, with the FDA for the use of Botox ® in the treatment of urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity resulting from neurogenic bladder and we are currently seeking approval in the European Union and Canada. In 2010, we completed enrollment in our Phase III clinical trials for the use of Botox ® to treat idiopathic overactive bladder. In 2005, we initiated Phase II clinical trials outside the United States for the use of Botox ® to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia. In 2009, we filed an Investigational New Drug Application with the FDA relating to the use of Botox ® to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia.

Botox ® Cosmetic

The FDA approved Botox ® Cosmetic in 2002 for the temporary improvement in the appearance of moderate to severe glabellar lines in adult men and women age 65 or younger. Referred to as Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, Vistabel ® , Vistabex ® or Botox Vista ® , depending on the country of approval, this product is administered in small injections to temporarily reduce the muscle activity that causes the formation of glabellar lines between the eyebrows that often develop during the aging process. Currently, more than 60 countries have approved facial aesthetic indications for Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, Vistabel ® , Vistabex ® or Botox Vista ® . In Australia, New Zealand, Canada and certain countries in East Asia and Latin America, we have regulatory approvals for upper facial lines, including crow’s feet. Since we have launched Botox ® Cosmetic, we have conducted comprehensive direct-to-consumer marketing campaigns in the United States. We continue to sponsor aesthetic specialty physician training in approved countries to further expand the base of qualified physicians using Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, Vistabel ® , Vistabex ® or Botox Vista ® .

 

6


Table of Contents


        In 2005, we entered into a long-term arrangement with GlaxoSmithKline, or GSK, under which GSK agreed to develop and promote Botox ® in Japan and China and we agreed to co-promote GSK’s products Imitrex STATdose System ® (sumatriptan succinate) and Amerge ® (naratriptan hydrochloride) in the United States until the third quarter of 2010. In the first quarter of 2010, we reacquired the rights from GSK to develop and sell Botox ® in Japan and China for all current and future cosmetic indications. GSK retains the rights granted under the long-term arrangement to develop and sell Botox ® in Japan and China for all current and future therapeutic indications. In 2009, Botox ® was approved in Japan for the additional indications of glabellar lines and equinus foot due to lower limb spasticity in juvenile cerebral palsy patients and was launched in Japan for these indications with the glabellar lines indication marketed as Botox Vista ® . Botox ® was also approved for the treatment of glabellar lines in China in 2009. In the fourth quarter of 2010, we received approval of Botox ® in Japan for the treatment of upper and lower limb spasticity.

Skin Care Product Lines

Our skin care product lines focus on the acne, psoriasis, physician-dispensed skin care and eyelash growth markets, particularly in the United States and Canada.

Acne/Psoriasis

Aczone ® (dapsone) gel 5% is approved for sale in both the United States and Canada and is indicated for the treatment of acne vulgaris in patients age 12 and older. Aczone ® contains the first new FDA-approved chemical entity (dapsone) for acne treatment since Tazorac ® (tazarotene) gel was approved in 1997. We launched Aczone ® in the United States in 2008. In February 2011, we outlicensed our Canadian rights to Aczone ® to Biovail Laboratories International SRL, a subsidiary of Valeant Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

Tazorac ® (tazarotene) gel is approved for sale in the United States for the treatment of acne and plaque psoriasis, a chronic skin disease characterized by dry red patches. We also market a cream formulation of Tazorac ® in the United States for the topical treatment of acne and for the treatment of psoriasis. We have also engaged Pierre Fabre Dermatologie as our promotion partner for Zorac ® (tazarotene) in certain parts of Europe, the Middle East and Africa. In 2007, we entered into a strategic collaboration agreement with Stiefel Laboratories, Inc., which was acquired by GSK in 2009, to develop and market new products involving tazarotene for dermatological use worldwide.

Topical Aesthetic Skin Care

Avage ® (tazarotene) cream is indicated for the treatment of facial fine wrinkling, mottled hypo- and hyperpigmentation, or blotchy skin discoloration, and benign facial lentigines, or flat patches of skin discoloration, in patients using a comprehensive skin care and sunlight avoidance program. We launched Avage ® in the United States in 2003.

We develop and market glycolic acid-based skin care products. We market our M.D. Forte ® line of alpha hydroxy acid products to physicians in the United States.

Prevage ® MD, containing 1% idebenone, which we launched in 2005, is a clinically tested antioxidant designed to reduce the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, as well as provide protection against environmental factors, including sun damage, air pollution and cigarette smoke. We market Prevage ® MD to physicians in the United States.

Vivité ® is an advanced anti-aging skin care line that uses proprietary GLX Technology , creating a highly specialized blend of glycolic acid and natural antioxidants. We market our Vivité ® line of skin care products to physicians in the United States. We launched Vivité ® in 2007.

 

7


Table of Contents

Eyelash Growth

Latisse ® (bimatoprost ophthalmic solution) 0.03%, is the first, and currently the only, FDA-approved prescription treatment of insufficient or inadequate eyelashes. The FDA approved Latisse ® in 2008 and we launched Latisse ® in the United States in 2009. Latisse ® is a once-daily prescription treatment applied to the base of the upper eyelashes with a sterile, single-use-per-eye disposable applicator. Patients using Latisse ® typically experience noticeable eyelash growth in eight to 16 weeks. Continued treatment with Latisse ® is required to maintain its effect. Latisse ® is also approved for sale in Canada and certain markets in Latin America and Asia Pacific.

Urologics

Following our 2007 acquisition of Esprit Pharma Holdings Company, Inc., or Esprit, we began marketing Sanctura ® , a twice-a-day anticholinergic approved for the treatment of over-active bladder, or OAB. The FDA approved Sanctura XR ® , a once-daily anticholinergic for the treatment of OAB in 2007 and we launched Sanctura XR ® in 2008. Sanctura XR ® is well tolerated by patients and has demonstrated improvements in certain adverse side effects common in existing OAB treatments, including dry mouth. We obtained an exclusive license to market Sanctura ® and Sanctura XR ® in the United States and its territories from Indevus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., which has since been acquired by Endo Pharmaceuticals, or Endo. We pay royalties to Endo based upon our sales of Sanctura ® and Sanctura XR ® and assumed Esprit’s obligations to pay certain other third-party royalties, also based upon sales of Sanctura ® and Sanctura XR ® . In 2008, we entered into a license agreement with Indevus and Madaus GmbH, which grants us the right to seek approval for and to commercialize Sanctura XR ® in Canada. In the first quarter of 2010, Health Canada approved Sanctura XR ® . We promote Sanctura XR ® to the urology specialty channel using our existing sales force in the United States. Sanctura ® began facing generic competition in 2010.

Medical Devices Segment

Breast Aesthetics

For more than 25 years, our silicone gel and saline breast implants, consisting of a variety of shapes, sizes and textures, have been available to women in more than 60 countries for breast augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery. Our breast implants consist of a silicone elastomer shell filled with either a saline solution or silicone gel with varying degrees of cohesivity. This shell can consist of either a smooth or textured surface. We market our breast implants under the trade names Natrelle ® , Inspira ® , and CUI and the trademarks BioCell ® , MicroCell and BioDimensional ® . We currently market over 1,000 breast implant product variations worldwide to meet our patients’ preferences and needs.

We sell saline breast implants in the United States and worldwide for use in breast augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery. The U.S. market is the primary market for our saline breast implants. Following the approval of silicone gel breast implants by the FDA and Health Canada in 2006, the U.S. and Canadian markets have been undergoing a transition from saline breast implants to silicone gel breast implants. The majority of the breast implants we now sell are silicone gel breast implants.

The safety of our silicone gel breast implants is supported by our extensive preclinical device testing, their use in over one million women worldwide and 20 years of U.S. clinical experience involving more than 150,000 women. The FDA approved our silicone gel breast implants in 2006 based on the FDA’s review of interim data from our 10-year core clinical study and our preclinical studies, its review of studies by independent scientific bodies and the deliberations of advisory panels of outside experts. Following approval, we are required to comply with a number of conditions, including our distribution of labeling to physicians and the distribution of our patient planner, which includes our informed consent process to help patients fully consider the risks associated with breast implant surgery. In addition and pursuant to the conditions placed on the FDA’s approval of our silicone gel breast implants, we continue to monitor patients in the 10-year core clinical study and the 5-year

 

8


Table of Contents

adjunct clinical study and, in 2007, we initiated the Breast Implant Follow-Up Study, or BIFS, a 10-year post-approval clinical study. The 10-year core clinical study, which we began in 1999 and had fully enrolled in 2000 with approximately 940 augmentation, revision or reconstructive surgery patients, was designed to establish the safety and effectiveness of our silicone gel breast implants. We plan to continue to monitor patients in the 10-year core clinical study through the end of the study in 2011. In 2006, we terminated new enrollment into our 5-year adjunct study, which was designed to further support the safety and effectiveness of silicone gel breast implants and which includes over 80,000 revision or reconstructive surgery patients. We plan to continue to monitor patients in the 5-year adjunct study through the end of the study in 2012. Finally, pursuant to the conditions placed on the FDA’s approval of our silicone gel breast implants, we initiated BIFS, a new 10-year post-approval study of approximately 40,000 augmentation, revision or reconstructive surgery patients with silicone gel implants and approximately 20,000 augmentation, revision or reconstructive surgery patients with saline implants acting as a control group. In 2008, the FDA approved a modification to BIFS, which reduced the number of patients with saline breast implants from 20,000 to approximately 15,000. BIFS is designed to provide data on a number of endpoints including, for example, long-term local complications, connective tissue disease issues, neurological disease issues, offspring issues, reproductive issues, lactation issues, cancer, suicide, mammography issues and to study magnetic resonance imaging compliance and rupture results. We completed enrollment in BIFS in the first quarter of 2010.

In January 2011, the FDA released preliminary findings and analysis regarding recent reports in the scientific community that have suggested a possible association between saline and silicone gel-filled breast implants and anaplastic large cell lymphoma, or ALCL, a very rare form of cancer. The FDA believes that, based on its review of limited scientific data, women with breast implants may have a very small but increased risk of developing ALCL in the scar capsule adjacent to the implant. According to the FDA, a study by the National Cancer Institute indicates that only approximately 3 in 100 million women per year in the United States are diagnosed with ALCL in the breast, including both women with implants and without implants.

We sell a line of tissue expanders primarily for breast reconstruction and also as an alternative to skin grafting to cover burn scars and correct birth defects.

Facial Aesthetics

We develop, manufacture and market dermal filler products designed to improve facial appearance by smoothing wrinkles and folds. Our primary facial aesthetics product is the Juvéderm ® dermal filler family of products.

Our Juvéderm ® dermal filler family of products, including Juvéderm ® , Voluma and Surgiderm ® , are developed using our proprietary Hylacross technology, a technologically advanced manufacturing process that results in a smooth consistency gel formulation. This technology is based on the delivery of a homogeneous gel-based hyaluronic acid, as opposed to a particle gel-based hyaluronic acid technology, which is used in other hyaluronic acid dermal filler products. In 2006, the FDA approved Juvéderm ® Ultra and Ultra Plus, indicated for wrinkle and fold correction, for sale in the United States. In Europe, we market various formulations of Juvéderm ® , Voluma and Surgiderm ® for wrinkle and fold augmentation. The Juvéderm ® dermal filler family of products are currently approved or registered in over 34 countries, including all major world markets with the exception of Japan and China where we are pursuing approvals.

In 2007, the FDA approved label extensions in the United States for Juvéderm ® Ultra and Ultra Plus based on new clinical data demonstrating that the effects of both products may last for up to one year, which is a longer period of time than was reported in clinical studies that supported FDA approval of other hyaluronic acid dermal fillers. In 2008, we began selling Juvéderm ® Ultra 2, 3 and 4, containing lidocaine, an anesthetic that alleviates pain during injections, in Europe. Also in 2008, we began selling Juvéderm ® Ultra and Ultra Plus with lidocaine in Canada. After FDA approval in the first quarter of 2010, we launched Juvéderm ® Ultra XC and Ultra Plus XC, each formulated with lidocaine, in the first quarter of 2010.

 

9


Table of Contents

Obesity Intervention

Lap-Band ®

We develop, manufacture and market several medical devices for the treatment of obesity. Our principal product in this area, the Lap-Band ® System, is designed to provide minimally invasive long-term treatment of severe obesity and is used as an alternative to more invasive procedures such as gastric bypass surgery, sleeve gastrectomy, “stapling” or gastric imbrications. The Lap-Band ® System is an adjustable silicone band that is laparoscopically placed around the upper part of the stomach through a small incision, creating a small pouch at the top of the stomach. The new pouch fills faster, making the patient feel full sooner and, because the adjustable component of the band slows the passage of food, patients retain a feeling of fullness for longer periods of time. In addition to the anatomic effect of the pouch, data also suggests that patients with a properly adjusted band are less hungry due to neurological feedback to the brain.

The Lap-Band ® System has achieved widespread acceptance in the United States and worldwide. The FDA approved the Lap-Band ® System in 2001 to treat severe obesity in adults who have failed more conservative weight reduction alternatives. In 2007, we launched the Lap-Band AP ® System, a next-generation of the Lap-Band ® System. The Lap-Band AP ® System has proprietary 360-degree Omniform ® technology, which is designed to evenly distribute pressure throughout the band’s adjustment range. The Lap-Band AP ® System also comes in two sizes, standard and large, to better serve patients who are physically larger, have thicker gastric walls or have substantial abdominal fat. Over 650,000 Lap-Band ® System bands have been sold worldwide since 1993. In 2008, we completed enrollment in our pivotal adolescent study of the Lap-Band ® System in patients aged 14 to 17 and submitted a sPMA to the FDA in 2009 seeking approval to market the Lap-Band ® System for the treatment of obesity in patients aged 14 to 17. In February 2011, the FDA approved the expanded use of the Lap-Band ® System for weight reduction in obese adults who have failed more conservative weight reduction alternatives and have a Body Mass Index, or BMI, of 30 to 40 and at least one comorbid condition, such as type-2 diabetes or hypertension.

Orbera

We also sell the Orbera Intragastric Balloon System, which is a non-surgical alternative for the treatment of overweight and obese adults. Approved for sale in more than 60 countries, including many significant international markets, but not in the United States, the Orbera System includes a silicone elastomer balloon that is filled with saline after transoral insertion into the patient’s stomach to reduce stomach capacity and create an earlier sensation of fullness. The Orbera System is removed endoscopically within six months of placement, and is designed to be utilized in conjunction with a comprehensive diet and exercise program.

EasyBand

In 2007, we completed the acquisition of Swiss medical technology developer EndoArt SA, or EndoArt, a pioneer in the field of telemetrically-controlled, or remote-controlled, gastric bands used to treat morbid obesity and other conditions. The EndoArt acquisition gave us ownership of EndoArt’s proprietary technology platform, including FloWatch ® technology, which powers the EasyBand Remote Adjustable Gastric Band System, or EasyBand , a telemetrically-adjustable gastric banding device for the treatment of morbid obesity. The EasyBand , like the Lap-Band ® System, is implanted laparoscopically through a small incision. Clinical benefits of the EasyBand are similar to the Lap-Band ® System’s clinical benefits, except that adjustments to the EasyBand are done telemetrically rather than hydraulically.

International Operations

Our international sales represented 37.4%, 34.6% and 35.4% of our total consolidated product net sales for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Our products are sold in over 100 countries.

 

10


Table of Contents

Marketing activities are coordinated on a worldwide basis, and resident management teams provide leadership and infrastructure for customer-focused, rapid introduction of new products in the local markets.

Sales and Marketing

We sell our products directly through our own sales subsidiaries in 36 countries and additionally through independent distributors in over 100 countries worldwide. We maintain a global marketing team, as well as regional sales and marketing organizations, to support the promotion and sale of our products. We also engage contract sales organizations to promote certain products. Our sales efforts and promotional activities are primarily aimed at eye care professionals, neurologists, physiatrists, dermatologists, plastic and reconstructive surgeons, aesthetic specialty physicians, bariatric surgeons and urologists who use, prescribe and recommend our products. We advertise in professional journals, participate in medical meetings and utilize direct mail and Internet programs to provide descriptive product literature and scientific information to specialists in the ophthalmic, dermatological, medical aesthetics, bariatric, neurology, movement disorder and urology fields. We have developed training modules and seminars to update physicians regarding evolving technology in our products. In 2010, we also utilized direct-to-consumer advertising for our Botox ® Cosmetic, Juvéderm ® , the Lap-Band ® System, Latisse ® , Natrelle ® and Restasis ® products.

Our products are sold to drug wholesalers, independent and chain drug stores, pharmacies, commercial optical chains, opticians, mass merchandisers, food stores, hospitals, group purchasing organizations, integrated direct hospital networks, ambulatory surgery centers and medical practitioners, including ophthalmologists, neurologists, physiatrists, dermatologists, plastic and reconstructive surgeons, aesthetic specialty physicians, bariatric surgeons, pediatricians, urologists and general practitioners. As of December 31, 2010, we employed approximately 3,000 sales representatives throughout the world. We supplement our marketing efforts with exhibits at medical conventions, advertisements in trade journals, sales brochures and national media. In addition, we sponsor symposia and educational programs to familiarize physicians and surgeons with the leading techniques and methods for using our products.

We also utilize distributors for our products in smaller international markets. We transferred back sales and marketing rights for our products from our distributors and established direct operations in Poland and Turkey in the third quarter of 2010, and in the Philippines in the fourth quarter of 2010.

U.S. sales, including manufacturing operations, represented 62.6%, 65.4% and 64.6% of our total consolidated product net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. Sales to Cardinal Health, Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were 13.1%, 13.9% and 12.0%, respectively, of our total consolidated product net sales. Sales to McKesson Drug Company for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were 12.1%, 12.8% and 12.3%, respectively, of our total consolidated product net sales. No other country, or single customer, generated over 10% of our total consolidated product net sales.

Research and Development

Our global research and development efforts currently focus on eye care, skin care, neuromodulators, medical aesthetics, obesity intervention, urology and neurology. We have a fully integrated research and development organization with in-house discovery programs, including medicinal chemistry, high throughput screening and biological sciences. We supplement our own research and development activities with our commitment to identify and obtain new technologies through in-licensing, research collaborations, joint ventures and acquisitions.

As of December 31, 2010, we had approximately 1,800 employees involved in our research and development efforts. Our research and development expenditures for 2010, 2009 and 2008 were approximately $804.6 million, $706.0 million and $797.9 million, respectively. The increase in research and development expenses in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily resulted from increased spending on next-generation eye care

 

11


Table of Contents


pharmaceuticals products for the treatment of glaucoma and retinal diseases, Latisse ® in international markets, Botox ® for the treatment of overactive bladder, hyaluronic-acid based dermal filler products, tissue regeneration technology acquired in our acquisition of Serica Technologies, Inc., or Serica, and obesity intervention products, partially offset by a reduction in expenses related to the development of Ozurdex ® for retinal vein occlusion, the development of Botox ® for the treatment of chronic migraine, and lower upfront payments for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval. Excluding in-process research and development expenditures related to company acquisitions, we have increased our annual investment in research and development by over $416 million in the past five years.

Our strategy includes developing innovative products to address unmet medical needs and conditions associated with aging, and otherwise assisting patients in reaching life’s potential. Our top priorities include furthering our leadership in ophthalmology, medical aesthetics and neuromodulators, identifying new potential compounds for sight-threatening diseases such as glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration and other retinal disorders and developing novel therapies for chronic dry eye, pain and genitourinary diseases as well as next-generation breast implants, dermal fillers and obesity intervention devices. We plan to continue to build on our strong market positions in ophthalmic pharmaceuticals, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology, obesity intervention and neurology, and to explore new therapeutic areas that are consistent with our focus on specialty physician groups.

Our research and development efforts for the ophthalmic pharmaceuticals business focus primarily on new therapeutic products for retinal disease, glaucoma and chronic dry eye. As part of our focus on diseases of the retina, we acquired Oculex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. in 2003. With this acquisition, we obtained a novel posterior segment drug delivery system for use with compounds to treat eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration and other retinal disorders. In 2009, the FDA approved Ozurdex ® for the treatment of macular edema following retinal vein occlusion, utilizing our proprietary Novadur sustained-release drug delivery system that slowly releases dexamethasone, a potent steroid, to the back of the eye. In the second quarter of 2010, the European Medicines Agency granted marketing authorization for Ozurdex ® in the European Union. In the third quarter of 2010, the FDA approved Ozurdex ® to treat non-infectious intermediate and posterior uveitis.

In 2005, we entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with Sanwa Kagaku Kenkyusho Co., Ltd., or Sanwa, to develop and commercialize Ozurdex ® for the ophthalmic specialty market in Japan. Under the terms of the agreement, Sanwa is responsible for the development and commercialization of Ozurdex ® in Japan and associated costs. Sanwa will pay us a royalty based on net sales of Ozurdex ® in Japan, makes clinical development and commercialization milestone payments and reimbursed us for certain expenses associated with our Phase III studies outside of Japan. We are working collaboratively with Sanwa on the clinical development of Ozurdex ® as well as overall product strategy and management.

In 2009, we entered into a collaboration agreement with Pieris AG, or Pieris, a biopharmaceutical company engaged in the discovery and development of a novel class of targeted human proteins designed to diagnose and treat serious human disorders. The agreement combines Pieris’ proprietary technology with our expertise in drug delivery and ophthalmic drug development, with a goal of developing agents for the treatment of serious retinal disorders.

We continue to invest heavily in the research and development of neuromodulators, primarily Botox ® and Botox ® Cosmetic. We focus on both expanding the approved indications for Botox ® and pursuing next-generation neuromodulator-based therapeutics. This includes expanding the approved uses for Botox ® to include treatment for spasticity, OAB and benign prostatic hyperplasia. We are also developing a new targeted neuromodulator for use in post herpetic neuralgia and overactive bladder. We are also continuing our investment in the areas of biologic process development and manufacturing and the next-generation of neuromodulator products, and we are conducting a Phase IV study of Botox ® for the treatment of palmar hyperhidrosis, as part of our conditions of approval for axillary hyperhidrosis by the FDA. In addition, GSK received approval of Botox ® in Japan for the treatment of glabellar lines and equinus foot due to lower limb spasticity in juvenile cerebral palsy patients and launched Botox ® in Japan for these indications in 2009 with the glabellar lines indication

 

12


Table of Contents

marketed as Botox Vista ® . GSK also received approval of Botox ® in China for the treatment of glabellar lines during 2009. In the first quarter of 2010, we reacquired from GSK all rights to develop and sell Botox ® in Japan and China for all cosmetic indications. In the third quarter of 2010, the Medicines and Healthcare Products Agency in the United Kingdom also approved Botox ® for the preventative treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine. In the second quarter of 2010, the FDA approved Botox ® for treatment of increased muscle stiffness in the elbow, wrist and fingers in adults with upper limb spasticity. In the fourth quarter of 2010, the FDA approved Botox ® for preventative treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine. We also filed a sBLA with the FDA in the fourth quarter of 2010 for the use of Botox ® in the treatment of urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity resulting from neurogenic bladder and we are currently seeking approval in the European Union and Canada. In the fourth quarter of 2010, we also received approval of Botox ® in Japan for the treatment of upper and lower limb spasticity.

In January 2011, we entered into a collaboration agreement and a co-promotion agreement with MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or MAP, for the exclusive development and commercialization by us and MAP of Levadex within the United States to certain headache specialist physicians for the treatment of acute migraine in adults, migraine in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age and other indications that may be approved by the parties. Levadex is a self-administered, orally inhaled therapy consisting of a proprietary formulation of dihydroergotamine delivered using MAP’s proprietary Tempo ® delivery system, which has completed Phase III clinical development for the treatment of acute migraine in adults.

We have a strategic research collaboration and license agreement with ExonHit Therapeutics, or ExonHit. The goals of this collaboration are to identify new molecular targets based on ExonHit’s gene profiling DATAS technology and to work collaboratively to develop unique compounds and commercial products based on these targets. Our strategic alliance with ExonHit provides us with the rights to compounds developed in the fields of neurodegenerative disease, pain and ophthalmology. In 2009, we extended and expanded the scope of our collaboration with ExonHit.

In 2008, we entered into a strategic collaboration arrangement with Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Spectrum, to develop and commercialize apaziquone, an antineoplastic agent currently being investigated for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Under the collaboration, Spectrum is conducting two Phase III clinical trials to explore apaziquone’s safety and efficacy as a potential treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer following surgery. In 2009, the FDA granted Fast Track Designation for the investigation of apaziquone for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Spectrum completed enrollment in the two Phase III clinical trials in 2009. Spectrum is conducting the apaziquone clinical trials pursuant to a joint development plan, and we bear the majority of these expenses. We will also make certain additional payments to Spectrum based on the achievement of certain development, regulatory and commercialization milestones and, following approval in countries outside of the United States and Asia, will make certain royalty payments on sales in such countries.

In the first quarter of 2010, we acquired Serica, a medical device company focused on the development of biodegradable silk-based scaffolds for use in tissue regeneration, including breast augmentation, revision and reconstruction and general surgical applications.

In the first quarter of 2010, we entered into a global agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, or Bristol-Myers Squibb, for the development and commercialization of AGN-209323, a Phase II-ready, orally administered small molecule in clinical development for neuropathic pain. Under the agreement, we received an upfront milestone payment and, if successful, will receive further milestone payments and royalties.

In the first quarter of 2010, we also entered into a strategic development and license agreement with Serenity Pharmaceuticals, LLC, or Serenity, for the development and commercialization of Ser-120, a Phase III investigational drug currently in clinical development for the treatment of nocturia, a urological disorder in adults characterized by frequent urination at night time. Under the agreement, we received an exclusive worldwide license to develop, manufacture and commercialize Ser-120 for all potential indications, except

 

13


Table of Contents

under certain circumstances, pediatric bedwetting, which will remain with Serenity. In the third quarter of 2010, the Phase III clinical trials failed to meet their primary efficacy endpoints and we are currently evaluating a revised clinical plan.

We also continue to invest in research and development around our Juvéderm ® family of dermal filler products, including preparation for and ongoing clinical trials for Juvederm ® Voluma , a volumizing filler.

In connection with our obesity intervention products, we are conducting a clinical study of the Orbera System, with the goal of obtaining approval in the United States. In addition, in 2008, we completed enrollment in a pivotal adolescent study of Lap-Band ® patients aged 14 to 17 and submitted a sPMA to the FDA in 2009 seeking approval to market the Lap-Band ® System for the treatment of obesity in patients aged 14 to 17. In February 2011, the FDA approved the expanded use of the Lap-Band ® System for weight reduction in obese adults who have failed more conservative weight reduction alternatives and have a BMI of 30 to 40 and at least one comorbid condition, such as type-2 diabetes or hypertension.

The continuing introduction of new products supplied by our research and development efforts, including our clinical development projects, and in-licensing opportunities are critical to our success. There are intrinsic uncertainties associated with research and development efforts and the regulatory process. We cannot assure you that any of the research projects, clinical development projects or pending drug marketing approval applications will result in new products that we can commercialize. Delays or failures in one or more significant research or clinical development projects and pending drug marketing approval applications could have a material adverse effect on our future operations.

Manufacturing

We manufacture the majority of our commercial products in our own plants located at the following locations: Westport, Ireland; Waco, Texas; San José, Costa Rica; Annecy, France; and Guarulhos, Brazil. In connection with our 2010 acquisition of Serica, we produce clinical supplies of biodegradable silk-based scaffolds at a leased facility in Massachusetts. We maintain sufficient manufacturing capacity at these facilities to support forecasted demand as well as a modest safety margin of additional capacity to meet peaks of demand and sales growth in excess of expectations. We increase our capacity as required in anticipation of future sales increases. In the event of a very large or very rapid unforeseen increase in market demand for a specific product or technology, supply of that product or technology could be negatively impacted until additional capacity is brought on line. Third parties manufacture a small number of commercial products for us, including Sanctura ® , Sanctura XR ® , Lastacaf t and Aczone ® gel. For a discussion of the risks relating to the use of third party manufacturers, see Item 1A of Part I of this report, “Risk Factors — We could experience difficulties obtaining or creating the raw materials or components needed to produce our products and interruptions in the supply of raw materials or components could disrupt our manufacturing and cause our sales and profitability to decline.”

In 2007, we announced the closing of the collagen manufacturing facility in Fremont, California that we acquired in our acquisition of Inamed Corporation, or Inamed, and we substantially completed all restructuring activities and closed the facility in 2008. Before closing the facility, we manufactured a sufficient quantity of our collagen products to meet estimated remaining market demand. In 2009, we closed our Arklow, Ireland breast implant manufacturing facility and transferred manufacturing to our San José, Costa Rica manufacturing plant.

We are a vertically integrated producer of plastic parts and produce our own bottles, tips and caps for use in the manufacture of our ophthalmic solutions. Additionally, we ferment, purify and characterize the botulinum toxin used in our product Botox ® . With these two exceptions, we purchase all other significant raw materials and parts for medical devices from qualified domestic and international sources. Where practical, we maintain more than one supplier for each material, and we have an ongoing alternate program that identifies additional sources of key raw materials. In some cases, however, most notably with active pharmaceutical ingredients and silicone raw materials, we are a niche purchaser, which, in certain cases, are sole sourced. These sources are identified in

 

14


Table of Contents

filings with regulatory agencies, including the FDA, and cannot be changed without prior regulatory approval. In these cases, we maintain inventories of the raw material itself and precursor intermediates to mitigate the risk of interrupted supply. A lengthy interruption of the supply of one of these materials and parts for medical devices could adversely affect our ability to manufacture and supply commercial products. A small number of the raw materials required to manufacture certain of our products are derived from biological sources which could be subject to contamination and recall by their suppliers. We use multiple lots of these raw materials at any one time in order to mitigate such risks. However, a shortage, contamination or recall of these products could disrupt our ability to maintain an uninterrupted commercial supply of our finished goods.

Manufacturing facilities producing pharmaceutical and medical device products intended for distribution in the United States and internationally are subject to regulation and periodic review by the FDA, international regulatory authorities and European notified bodies for certain of our medical devices. All of our facilities are currently approved by the FDA, the relevant notified bodies and other foreign regulatory authorities to manufacture pharmaceuticals and medical devices for distribution in the United States and international markets.

Competition

The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are highly competitive and require an ongoing, extensive search for technological innovation. They also require, among other things, the ability to effectively discover, develop, test and obtain regulatory approvals for products, as well as the ability to effectively commercialize, market and promote approved products, including communicating the effectiveness, safety and value of products to actual and prospective customers and medical professionals. Numerous companies are engaged in the development, manufacture and marketing of health care products competitive with those that we manufacture, develop and market. Many of our competitors have greater resources than we have. This enables them, among other things, to make greater research and development investments and spread their research and development costs, as well as their marketing and promotion costs, over a broader revenue base. Our competitors may also have more experience and expertise in obtaining marketing approvals from the FDA and other regulatory authorities. In addition to product development, testing, approval and promotion, other competitive factors in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries include industry consolidation, product quality and price, product technology, reputation, customer service and access to technical information. We believe that our products principally compete on the basis of quality, clinical data, product design, an experienced sales force, physicians’ and surgeons’ familiarity with our products and brand names, effective marketing campaigns, including direct-to-consumer advertising, regional warranty programs and our ability to identify and develop or license patented products embodying new technologies. In addition to the information provided below, please see Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings,” for information concerning current litigation regarding our products and intellectual property.

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment

Eye Care Products

Our eye care pharmaceutical products, including Acular ® , Acular LS ® , Acular ® PF, Acuvail ® , Alocril ® , Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15% , Alphagan ® P 0.1%, Combigan ® , Elestat ® , Ganfort , Lastacaft , Lumigan ® 0.03%, Lumigan ® 0.01%, Ozurdex ® , Pred Forte ® , Refresh ® , Relestat ® , Restasis ® , Zymar ® and Zymaxid ® , face extensive competition from Alcon Laboratories, Inc./Novartis AG, Bausch & Lomb Inc., Genentech/Hoffman La Roche AG, Inspire, Ista Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Merck & Co., Inc., Pfizer Inc. and Santen Seiyaku. For our eye care products to be successful, we must be able to manufacture and effectively detail them to a sufficient number of eye care professionals such that they use or continue to use our current products and the new products we may introduce. Glaucoma must be treated over an extended period and doctors may be reluctant to switch a patient to a new treatment if the patient’s current treatment for glaucoma is effective and well tolerated.

 

15


Table of Contents


        We also face competition from generic drug manufacturers in the United States and internationally. For instance, in 2010, Alphagan ® P 0.15% and our Acular ® products faced generic competition in the United States. A generic form of Zymar ® produced by Apotex Inc. is pending FDA approval. The FDA has granted tentative approval of a generic form of Elestat ® produced by Sandoz, Inc., PharmaForce, Inc. and Apotex Inc. but as of February 2011 no generic has been launched. In 2009, we received paragraph IV Hatch-Waxman Act certifications from Sandoz, Hi-Tech Pharmacal Co., and Alcon Research, Ltd., seeking FDA approval of generic forms of Combigan ® and Barr Laboratories, Inc. seeking FDA approval of a generic form of Lumigan ® . In February 2011, we received a paragraph IV Hatch-Waxman Act certification in which the applicant purports to have sought FDA approval of a generic form of Zymaxid ® .

Neuromodulators

Botox ® was the only neuromodulator approved by the FDA until 2000, when the FDA approved Myobloc ® (rimabotulinumtoxinB), a neuromodulator formerly marketed by Elan Pharmaceuticals and Solstice Neurosciences Inc. and marketed by US Worldmeds since 2010. In 2009, the FDA approved Dysport (abobotulinumtoxinA) for the treatment of cervical dystonia and glabellar lines, which is marketed by Ipsen Ltd., or Ipsen, and Medicis Pharmaceutical Corporation, or Medicis, respectively. The approved package for Dysport included a boxed warning regarding the symptoms associated with the spread of botulinum toxin beyond the injection site. Additionally, the FDA approved Ipsen’s and Medicis’ REMS program, which addresses the lack of interchangeability of botulinum toxin products and the risks associated with the spread of botulinum toxin beyond the injection site. Ipsen has marketed Dysport for therapeutic indications in Europe since 1991, prior to our European commercialization of Botox ® in 1992. In 2006, Ipsen received marketing authorization for a cosmetic indication for Dysport in Germany. In 2007, Ipsen granted Galderma, a joint venture between Nestle and L’Oréal Group, an exclusive development and marketing license for Dysport for cosmetic indications in the European Union, Russia, Eastern Europe and the Middle East, and first rights of negotiation for other countries around the world, except the United States, Canada and Japan. In 2008, Galderma became Ipsen’s sole distributor for Dysport in Brazil, Argentina and Paraguay. In 2009, the health authorities of 15 European Union countries approved Dysport for glabellar lines under the trade name Azzalure . In the fourth quarter of 2010, Galderma announced its plan to acquire Q-Med A.B., a Swedish company that markets several products for various therapeutic areas derived from hyaluronic acid, including Restylane ® and Perlane dermal fillers.

In addition, Merz Pharmaceuticals’, or Merz’s, botulinum toxin product Xeomin ® , is currently approved for therapeutic indications in Germany and several other countries in the European Union. Xeomin ® was approved by the FDA in the third quarter of 2010 for cervical dystonia and blepharospasm in adults previously treated with Botox ® . Merz is currently pursuing FDA approval of Xeomin ® for cosmetic use in the United States. In 2009, Merz received approval of Bocouture ® (rebranded from Xeomin ® ) for glabellar lines in Germany. In 2010, Bocouture ® was approved in significant markets within the European Union. Xeomin ® is also approved for glabellar lines in Argentina and Mexico. In the first quarter of 2010, Merz acquired Bioform Medical Inc., or Bioform, a California-based company that markets Radiesse ® , a calcium hydroxylapatite filler. Merz also previously acquired rights from Anteis S.A., a Swiss company, to market Belotero ® , a hyaluronic acid filler, in certain European markets, the United States and Canada. The FDA accepted Merz’s registration file for Belotero ® in 2009.

Mentor Worldwide LLC, a division of Johnson & Johnson, or Mentor, is conducting clinical trials for a competing neuromodulator in the United States which Mentor has indicated that it expects to be approved in 2012 or beyond. A Korean botulinum toxin, Meditoxin ® , was approved for sale in Korea in 2006. The company, Medy-Tox Inc., received exportation approval from Korean authorities in early 2005 to ship their product under the trade name Neuronox ® . Neuronox ® is marketed in Hong Kong, India and Thailand. Meditoxin ® is approved in approximately seven South American countries, including Brazil and Columbia, under various trade names.

In addition, we are aware of competing neuromodulators currently being developed and commercialized in Asia, Europe, South America and other markets. A Chinese entity, Lanzhou Biological Institute, received approval to market a botulinum toxin in China in 1997 under the tradename HengLi, and has launched its botulinum toxin product in other lightly regulated markets in Asia, South America and Central America under

 

16


Table of Contents

several trade names. These lightly regulated markets may not require adherence to the FDA’s current Good Manufacturing Practice regulations, or cGMPs, or the regulatory requirements of the European Medical Evaluation Agency or other regulatory agencies in countries that are members of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. While these products are unlikely to meet stringent U.S. regulatory standards, the companies operating in these markets may be able to produce products at a lower cost than we can.

Our sales of Botox ® could be materially and negatively impacted by this competition or competition from other companies that might obtain FDA approval or approval from other regulatory authorities to market a neuromodulator.

Skin Care Product Line

Our skin care products, including Aczone ® , Tazorac ® , Avage ® , M.D. Forte ® , Prevage ® MD, Vivité ® and Latisse ® focus on the acne, psoriasis, physician-dispensed skin care and eyelash growth markets, particularly in the United States and Canada, and compete with many other skin care products from companies, including among others, Dermik, a division of Sanofi-Aventis, Galderma, Medicis, Stiefel Laboratories, Inc., a division of GSK, Novartis AG, Merck & Co., Inc., Johnson & Johnson, Obagi Medical Products, Inc., L’Oréal Group, SkinMedica, Inc. and Valeant Pharmaceuticals International, many of which have greater resources than us. We also compete with over-the-counter products that are designed to treat skin care issues similar to those for which our products are indicated. For example, Aczone ® faces competition from several generic and over-the-counter products, which provide lower-priced options for the treatment of acne. We also face competition from generic skin care products in the United States and internationally.

Urologics

Our products for the treatment of OAB, Sanctura ® and Sanctura XR ® , compete with several other OAB treatment products, many of which have been on the market for a longer period of time, including Pfizer Inc.’s Detrol ® , Detrol ® LA and Toviaz , Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s Oxytrol ® and Gelnique , Warner Chilcott PLC’s Enablex ® and Astellas Pharma US, Inc. and GSK’s Vesicare ® and certain generic OAB products. We also face competition from generic urologic drug manufacturers in the United States and internationally. In 2009, we received paragraph 4 Hatch-Waxman Act certifications from Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc. seeking FDA approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® . In 2010, a generic version of Sanctura ® was launched in the United States. For our urologics products to be successful, we must be able to effectively detail our products to a sufficient number of urologists, obstetrician/gynecologists, primary care physicians and other medical specialists such that they recommend our products to their patients. We will also have to demonstrate that our products are safe and reduce patients’ sense of urgency, frequency and urge urinary incontinence episodes while also having limited side effects, such as dry mouth, constipation, blurred vision, drowsiness and headaches. We also have to demonstrate the effectiveness of our urologics products to Medicare and other governmental agencies to secure an appropriate and competitive level of reimbursement.

Medical Devices Segment

Breast Aesthetics

We compete in the U.S. breast implant market with Mentor. Mentor announced that, like us, it received FDA approval in 2006 to sell its silicone breast implants in the United States. The conditions under which Mentor is allowed to market its silicone breast implants in the United States are similar to ours, including indications for use and the requirement to conduct post-marketing studies. If patients or physicians prefer Mentor’s breast implant products to ours or perceive that Mentor’s breast implant products are safer than ours, our sales of breast implants could materially suffer. In the United States, Sientra, Inc. is conducting clinical studies of saline and silicone gel breast implant products. Internationally, we compete with several manufacturers, including Mentor, Silimed, Arion, BioSil Ltd, Cereplas, Eurosilicone, Nagor, Poly Implant Prostheses, Polytech and several Chinese implant manufacturers.

 

17


Table of Contents

Obesity Intervention

Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc., a subsidiary of Johnson & Johnson, received FDA approval in 2007 to market its gastric band product, the Realize Personalized Banding Solution, in the United States. The Realize band competes with our Lap-Band ® System. Outside the United States, the Lap-Band ® System competes primarily with the Realize band, Helioscopie SA’s Heliogast ® adjustable gastric ring and Medical Innovation Developpement SAS’s Midband gastric band. The Lap-Band ® System also competes indirectly with surgical obesity procedures, including gastric bypass, vertical banded gastroplasty, sleeve gastrectomy, gastric imbrication and biliopancreatic diversion. No intragastric balloons for the treatment of obesity are commercially available in the United States. Outside the United States, our Orbera products compete with Helioscopie SA’s Heliosphere intragastric balloon and intragastric balloon products from Silimed and Spatz FGIA, Inc. in certain countries in the European Union and Latin America.

Facial Aesthetics

Our facial products compete in the dermatology and plastic surgery markets with other hyaluronic acid products and animal- or cadaver-based collagen products as well as other polymer/bioceramic- based injectables, and indirectly with substantially different treatments, such as laser treatments, chemical peels, fat injections and botulinum toxin-based products. In addition, several companies are engaged in research and development activities examining the use of collagen, hyaluronic acids and other biomaterials for the correction of soft tissue defects. In the United States, our dermal filler products, including Juvéderm ® Ultra and Ultra Plus, compete with Medicis’ products’ Restylane ® and Perlane , which were approved by the FDA in 2004 and in 2007, respectively. In the first quarter of 2010, the FDA approved our lidocaine containing Juvéderm ® Ultra XC and Ultra Plus XC. In the first quarter of 2010, the FDA also approved new formulations of Restylane ® and Perlane containing lidocaine. In addition, we compete with Merz’s Radiesse ® , a calcium hydroxylapatite dermal filler from BioForm, which received FDA approval in 2006, as well as Sanofi-Aventis’ Sculptra ® and Mentor’s Prevelle . Internationally, we compete with Q-Med’s range of Restylane ® and Perlane products, as well as products from Sanofi-Aventis, Teoxane, Anteis and a large number of other hyaluronic acid, bioceramic, protein and other polymer-based dermal fillers.

Government Regulation

Specialty Pharmaceuticals Segment

Drugs and biologics are subject to regulation by the FDA, state agencies and by foreign health agencies. Pharmaceutical products and biologics are subject to extensive pre- and post-market regulation by the FDA, including regulations that govern the testing, manufacturing, safety, efficacy, labeling, storage, record keeping, advertising and promotion of the products under the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or FFDCA, and its implementing regulations with respect to drugs and the Public Health Services Act and its implementing regulations with respect to biologics, and by comparable agencies in foreign countries. Failure to comply with applicable FDA or other requirements may result in civil or criminal penalties, recall or seizure of products, partial or total suspension of production or withdrawal of a product from the market.

The process required by the FDA before a new drug or biologic may be marketed in the United States is long, expensive, and inherently uncertain. We must complete preclinical laboratory and animal testing, submit an Investigational New Drug Application, which must become effective before United States clinical trials may begin, and perform adequate and well controlled human clinical trials to establish the safety and efficacy of the proposed drug or biologic for its intended use. Clinical trials are typically conducted in three sequential phases, which may overlap, and must satisfy extensive Good Clinical Practice regulations and informed consent regulations. Further, an independent institutional review board, or IRB, for each medical center or medical practice proposing to conduct the clinical trial must review and approve the plan for any clinical trial before it commences at that center or practice and must monitor the study until completed. The FDA, the IRB or the study

 

18


Table of Contents


sponsor may suspend a clinical trial at any time on various grounds, including a finding that the subjects or patients are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. In addition, the Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007, or FDAAA, imposes certain clinical trial registry obligations on study sponsors, including the posting of detailed trial design and trial results in the FDA public databases.

We must submit a New Drug Application, or NDA, for a new drug, or a Biologics License Application, or BLA, for a biologic to the FDA, and the NDA or BLA must be reviewed and approved by the FDA before the drug or biologic may be legally marketed in the United States. To satisfy the criteria for approval, a NDA or BLA must demonstrate the safety and efficacy of the product based on results of preclinical studies and the three phases of clinical trials. Both NDAs and BLAs must also contain extensive manufacturing information, and the applicant must pass an FDA pre-approval inspection of the manufacturing facilities at which the drug or biologic is produced to assess compliance with the FDA’s current cGMPs prior to commercialization. Satisfaction of FDA pre-market approval requirements typically takes several years and the actual time required may vary substantially based on the type, complexity and novelty of the product, and we cannot be certain that any approvals for our products will be granted on a timely basis, or at all.

Once approved, the FDA may require post-marketing clinical studies, known as Phase IV studies, and surveillance programs to monitor the effect of approved products. The FDA may limit further marketing of the product based on the results of these post-market studies and programs. Further, any modifications to the drug or biologic, including changes in indications, labeling or manufacturing processes or facilities, may require the submission of a new or supplemental NDA or BLA, which may require that we develop additional data or conduct additional preclinical studies and clinical trials.

The manufacture and distribution of drugs and biologics are subject to continuing regulation by the FDA, including recordkeeping requirements, reporting of adverse experiences associated with the drug, and cGMPs, which regulate all aspects of the manufacturing process and impose certain procedural and documentation requirements. Drug and biologic manufacturers and their subcontractors are required to register their establishments, and are subject to periodic unannounced inspections by the FDA and certain state agencies for compliance with regulation requirements. Further, the FDAAA, which went into law in 2007, provided the FDA with additional authority over post-market safety. The FDAAA permits the FDA to require sponsors to conduct post-approval clinical studies, to mandate labeling changes based on new safety information and to require sponsors to implement a REMS program. The FDA may require a sponsor to submit a REMS program before a product is approved, or after approval based on new safety information. A REMS program may include a medication guide, a patient package insert, a plan for communicating risks to health care providers or other elements that the FDA deems necessary to assure the safe use of the drug. If the manufacturer or distributor fails to comply with the statutory and regulatory requirements, or if safety concerns arise, the FDA may take legal or regulatory action, including civil or criminal penalties, suspension, withdrawal or delay in the issuance of approvals, or seizure or recall of products, any one or more of which could have a material adverse effect upon us.

The FDA imposes a number of complex regulatory requirements on entities that advertise and promote pharmaceuticals and biologics, including, but not limited to, standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion, industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities, and promotional activities including Internet marketing. Drugs and biologics can only be marketed for approved indications and in accordance with the labeling approved by the FDA. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties, including the issuance of warning letters directing a company to correct deviations from FDA standards, a requirement that future advertising and promotional materials be pre-cleared by the FDA, and federal and state civil and criminal investigations and prosecutions. The FDA does not, however, regulate the behavior of physicians in their practice of medicine and choice of treatment. Physicians may prescribe (although manufacturers are not permitted to promote) legally available drugs and biologics for uses that are not described in the product’s labeling and that differ from those tested by us and approved by the FDA. Such off-label uses are common across medical specialties.

 

19


Table of Contents

We are also subject to various laws and regulations regarding laboratory practices, the housing, care and experimental use of animals, and the use and disposal of hazardous or potentially hazardous substances in connection with our research. In each of these areas, as above, the FDA and Department of Justice have broad regulatory and enforcement powers, including the ability to levy fines and civil penalties, suspend or delay our operations and issue approvals, seize or recall products, and withdraw approvals, any one or more of which could have a material adverse effect upon us.

Internationally, the regulation of drugs is also complex. In Europe, our products are subject to extensive regulatory requirements. As in the United States, the marketing of medicinal products has for many years been subject to the granting of marketing authorizations by the European Medicines Agency and national Ministries of Health. Particular emphasis is also being placed on more sophisticated and faster procedures for reporting adverse events to the competent authorities. The European Union procedures for the authorization of medicinal products are intended to improve the efficiency of operation of both the mutual recognition and centralized procedures to license medicines. Similar rules and regulations exist in all countries around the world. Additionally, new rules have been introduced or are under discussion in several areas, including the harmonization of clinical research laws and the law relating to orphan drugs and orphan indications. Outside the United States, reimbursement pricing is typically regulated by government agencies.

The total cost of providing health care services has been and will continue to be subject to review by governmental agencies and legislative bodies in the major world markets, including the United States, which are faced with significant pressure to lower health care costs. Legislation passed in recent years has imposed certain changes to the way in which pharmaceuticals, including our products, are covered and reimbursed in the United States. For instance, federal legislation and regulations have created a voluntary prescription drug benefit, Medicare Part D, and have imposed significant revisions to the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program. The recently enacted Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act, collectively, the PPACA, imposes yet additional changes to these programs. Beginning in 2011, PPACA requires manufacturers to participate in a coverage gap discount program, under which they must agree to offer 50 percent point-of-sale discounts off negotiated prices of applicable brand drugs to eligible beneficiaries during their coverage gap period, as a condition for the manufacturer’s outpatient drugs to be covered under Medicare Part D. PPACA also increases manufacturer’s rebate liability under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program. In addition, the PPACA establishes annual, non-deductible fees on any entity that manufactures or imports certain branded prescription drugs and biologics, beginning in 2011, and a deductible excise tax on any entity that manufactures or imports certain medical devices offered for sale in the United States, beginning in 2013. Already in 2010, incremental rebates were levied for Medicaid and the 340B program was expanded to extend manufacturers’ rebate responsibilities for outpatient drugs to additional providers, including certain children’s hospitals, free-standing cancer hospitals, critical access hospitals, rural referral centers and sole community hospitals. Finally, there is growing political pressure to allow the importation of pharmaceutical and medical device products from outside the United States. These reimbursement restrictions or other price reductions or controls or imports of pharmaceutical or medical device products from outside of the United States could materially and adversely affect our revenues and financial condition. Additionally, price reductions and rebates have recently been mandated in several European countries, principally Germany, Italy, Spain, the United Kingdom, Turkey and Greece. Certain products are also no longer eligible for reimbursement in France, Italy and Germany. Reference pricing is used in several markets around the world to reduce prices. Furthermore, parallel trade within the European Union, whereby products flow from relatively low-priced to high-priced markets, has been increasing.

We cannot predict the likelihood or pace of any significant regulatory or legislative action in these areas, nor can we predict whether or in what form health care legislation being formulated by various governments will be passed. Initiatives in these areas could subject Medicare and Medicaid reimbursement rates to change at any time. We cannot predict with precision what effect such governmental measures would have if they were ultimately enacted into law. However, in general, we believe that such legislative activity will likely continue.

 

20


Table of Contents

Medical Devices Segment

Medical devices are subject to regulation by the FDA, state agencies and foreign government health agencies. FDA regulations, as well as various U.S. federal and state laws, govern the development, clinical testing, manufacturing, labeling, record keeping and marketing of medical device products. Our medical device product candidates, including our breast implants, must undergo rigorous clinical testing and an extensive government regulatory clearance or approval process prior to sale in the United States and other countries. The lengthy process of clinical development and submissions for approvals, and the continuing need for compliance with applicable laws and regulations, require the expenditure of substantial resources. Regulatory clearance or approval, when and if obtained, may be limited in scope, and may significantly limit the indicated uses for which a product may be marketed. Approved products and their manufacturers are subject to ongoing review, and discovery of previously unknown problems with products may result in restrictions on their manufacture, sale, use or their withdrawal from the market.

Our medical device products are subject to extensive regulation by the FDA in the United States. Unless an exemption applies, each medical device we market in the United States must have a 510(k) clearance or a Premarket Approval, or PMA, application in accordance with the FFDCA and its implementing regulations. The FDA classifies medical devices into one of three classes, depending on the degree of risk associated with each medical device and the extent of controls that are needed to ensure safety and effectiveness. Devices deemed to pose a lower risk are placed in either Class I or Class II, which may require the manufacturer to submit to the FDA a premarket notification under Section 510(k) of the FFDCA requesting permission for commercial distribution. Devices deemed by the FDA to pose the greatest risk, such as life-sustaining, life-supporting or implantable devices, or a device deemed to be not substantially equivalent to a previously cleared 510(k) device, are placed in Class III. In general, a Class III device cannot be marketed in the United States unless the FDA approves the device after submission of a PMA application. The majority of our medical device products, including our breast implants, are regulated as Class III medical devices.

When we are required to obtain a 510(k) clearance for a device we wish to market, we must submit a premarket notification to the FDA demonstrating that the device is “substantially equivalent” to a previously cleared 510(k) device or a device that was in commercial distribution before May 28, 1976 for which the FDA had not yet called for the submission of PMA applications. By regulation, the FDA is required to respond to a 510(k) premarket notification within 90 days after submission of the notification, although clearance can take significantly longer. If a device receives 510(k) clearance, any modification that could significantly affect its safety or efficacy, or that would constitute a major change in its intended use, design or manufacture requires a new 510(k) clearance or PMA approval. The FDA requires each manufacturer to make this determination initially, but the FDA can review any such decision and can disagree with a manufacturer’s determination. If the FDA disagrees with a manufacturer’s determination that a new clearance or approval is not required for a particular modification, the FDA can require the manufacturer to cease marketing and/or recall the modified device until 510(k) clearance or premarket approval is obtained.

In response to industry and healthcare provider concerns regarding the predictability, consistency and rigor of the 510(k) regulatory pathway, the FDA initiated an evaluation of the program, and in January 2011, announced 25 actions that the FDA intends to implement during 2011 to reform the review process governing the clearance of medical devices. Key actions, to be carried out through forthcoming FDA guidance to industry, include clarifying when clinical data should be included in a premarket submission and requiring medical device manufacturers to submit a brief description of scientific information regarding safety and effectiveness for select higher-risk devices. The FDA intends these reform actions to improve the efficiency and transparency of the clearance process, as well as bolster patient safety. The FDA has submitted additional proposed actions to the Institute of Medicine, or IOM, for review and may implement further 510(k) reform measures in the future. We cannot predict the impact that these regulatory actions and FDA’s forthcoming guidance will have on the clearance of any new or modified medical device products that are currently pending FDA review or that we may develop in the future.

 

21


Table of Contents

A PMA application must be submitted if the device cannot be cleared through the 510(k) process. The PMA process is much more demanding than the 510(k) clearance process. A PMA application must be supported by extensive information, including data from preclinical and clinical trials, sufficient to demonstrate to the FDA’s satisfaction that the device is safe and effective for its intended use. The FDA, by statute and regulation, has 180 days to review and accept a PMA application, although the review generally occurs over a significantly longer period of time, and can take up to several years. The FDA may also convene an advisory panel of experts outside the FDA to review and evaluate the PMA application and provide recommendations to the FDA as to the approvability of the device. New PMA applications or supplemental PMA applications are required for significant modifications to the manufacturing process, labeling and design of a medical device that is approved through the PMA process. PMA supplements require information to support the changes and may include clinical data.

A clinical trial is almost always required to support a PMA application and is sometimes required for a 510(k) premarket notification. As noted above, the FDA intends to clarify when clinical data should be included in 510(k) premarket submissions. Clinical trials generally require submission of an application for an investigational device exemption, which must be supported by appropriate data, such as animal and laboratory testing results, showing that it is safe to test the device in humans and that the testing protocol is scientifically sound, as well as approval by the FDA and the IRB overseeing the trial. In addition, the FDAAA imposes certain clinical trial registry obligations on study sponsors. We, the FDA or the IRB at each site at which a clinical trial is being performed may suspend a clinical trial at any time for various reasons, including a belief that the study subjects are being exposed to an unacceptable health risk. The results of clinical testing may not be sufficient to obtain approval of the product.

After a device is placed on the market, numerous regulatory requirements apply. These include:

 

   

establishing registration and device listings with the FDA;

 

   

Quality System Regulation, or QSR, which requires manufacturers to follow design, testing, control documentation and other quality assurance procedures during the manufacturing process;

 

   

labeling regulations, which prohibit the promotion of products for unapproved or “off-label” uses and impose other restrictions on labeling;

 

   

medical device reporting regulations, which require that manufacturers report to the FDA if their device may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury or malfunctioned in a way that would likely cause or contribute to a death or serious injury if it were to recur; and

 

   

corrections and removal reporting regulations, which require that manufacturers report to the FDA field corrections and product recalls or removals if undertaken to reduce a risk to health posed by the device or to remedy a violation of the FFDCA that may present a health risk.

The FDA imposes a number of complex regulatory requirements on entities that advertise and promote medical devices, including, but not limited to, standards and regulations for direct-to-consumer advertising, off-label promotion, industry-sponsored scientific and educational activities, and promotional activities including Internet marketing. Medical devices can only be marketed for indications approved or cleared by the FDA. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties, the issuance of warning letters directing a company to correct deviations from FDA standards, a requirement that future advertising and promotional materials be pre-cleared by the FDA, and federal and state civil and criminal investigations and prosecutions. The FDA does not, however, regulate physicians in their practice of medicine and choice of treatment. Physicians may prescribe (although manufacturers are not permitted to promote) legally available devices for uses that are not described in the product’s labeling and that differ from those tested by us and approved or cleared by the FDA. Such off-label uses are common across medical specialties.

A Class III device may have significant additional obligations imposed in its conditions of approval. Compliance with regulatory requirements is assured through periodic, unannounced facility inspections by the

 

22


Table of Contents

FDA and other regulatory authorities, and these inspections may include the manufacturing facilities of our subcontractors or other third party manufacturers. Failure to comply with applicable regulatory requirements can result in enforcement action by the FDA, which may include any of the following sanctions: warning letters or untitled letters; fines, injunctions and civil penalties; recall or seizure of our products; operating restrictions, partial suspension or total shutdown of production; refusing our request for 510(k) clearance or PMA approval of new products; withdrawing 510(k) clearance or PMAs that are already granted; and criminal prosecution.

Products that are marketed in the European Union, or EU, must comply with the requirements of the Medical Device Directive, or MDD, as implemented in the national legislation of the EU member states. The MDD, as implemented, provides for a regulatory regime with respect to the design, manufacture, clinical trials, labeling and adverse event reporting for medical devices to ensure that medical devices marketed in the EU are safe and effective for their intended uses. Medical devices that comply with the MDD, as implemented, are entitled to bear a CE marking and may be marketed in the EU. Medical device laws and regulations similar to those described above are also in effect in many of the other countries to which we export our products. These range from comprehensive device approval requirements for some or all of our medical device products to requests for product data or certifications. Failure to comply with these domestic and international regulatory requirements could affect our ability to market and sell our products in these countries.

Medical devices are also subject to review by governmental agencies and legislative bodies in the major world markets, including the United States, which are faced with significant pressure to lower health care costs. Governments may delay reimbursement decisions after a device has been approved by the appropriate regulatory agency, impose rebate obligations or restrict patient access. In the United States, as mentioned in the previous section, the PPACA includes a number of provisions affecting the device industry, such as a new deductible excise tax on any entity that manufactures or imports certain medical devices offered for sale in the United States, beginning in 2013. In addition, among other things, the PPACA also establishes a new Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to oversee, identify priorities in and conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research. We expect that the PPACA, as well as other health care reform measures that may be adopted in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our industry generally and our ability to successfully commercialize our products or could limit or eliminate our spending on certain development projects.

Other Regulations

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations, including the U.S. Occupational Safety and Health Act, the U.S. Toxic Substances Control Act, the U.S. Resource Conservation and Recovery Act, Superfund Amendments and Reauthorization Act, Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation and Liability Act and other current and potential future federal, state or local regulations. Our manufacturing and research and development activities involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals and biological materials, which require compliance with various laws and regulations regarding the use, storage and disposal of such materials. We cannot assure you, however, that environmental problems relating to properties owned or operated by us will not develop in the future, and we cannot predict whether any such problems, if they were to develop, could require significant expenditures on our part. In addition, we are unable to predict what legislation or regulations may be adopted or enacted in the future with respect to environmental protection and waste disposal.

Additionally, we are subject to domestic and international laws and regulations pertaining to the privacy and security of personal health information, including but not limited to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, collectively, HIPAA. HIPAA mandates, among other things, the adoption of uniform standards for the electronic exchange of information in common health care transactions (e.g., health care claims information and plan eligibility, referral certification and authorization, claims status, plan enrollment, coordination of benefits and related information), as well as standards relating to the privacy and security of

 

23


Table of Contents

individually identifiable health information, which require the adoption of administrative, physical and technical safeguards to protect such information. In addition, many states have enacted comparable laws addressing the privacy and security of health information, some of which are more stringent then HIPAA.

We are also subject to various federal and state laws pertaining to health care “fraud and abuse” and gifts to health care practitioners. For example, the federal Anti-Kickback Statute makes it illegal to solicit, offer, receive or pay any remuneration, directly or indirectly, in cash or in kind, in exchange for, or to induce, the referral of business, including the purchase or prescription of a particular product, for which payment may be made under government health care programs such as Medicare and Medicaid. The U.S. federal government has published regulations that identify “safe harbors” or exemptions for certain practices from enforcement actions under the Anti-Kickback Statute. We seek to comply with the safe harbors where possible. The risk of our being found in violation of these laws is increased by the fact that many of them have not been fully interpreted by the regulatory authorities or the courts, and their provisions are open to a variety of interpretations. Moreover, recent health care reform legislation has strengthened these laws. For example, the PPACA, among other things, amends the intent requirement of the federal anti-kickback and criminal health care fraud statutes; a person or entity no longer needs to have actual knowledge of this statute or specific intent to violate it. In addition, the PPACA provides that the government may assert that a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal anti-kickback statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the false claims statutes.

Furthermore, the federal False Claims Act prohibits anyone from, among other things, knowingly and willingly presenting, or causing to be presented for payment to third party payors (including Medicare and Medicaid), claims for reimbursed products or services that are false or fraudulent, claims for items or services not provided as claimed, or claims for medically unnecessary items or services. HIPAA prohibits executing a scheme to defraud any health care benefit program or making false statements relating to health care matters. In addition, many states have adopted laws similar to the federal fraud and abuse laws discussed above, which, in some cases, apply to all payors whether governmental or private. Our activities, particularly those relating to the sale and marketing of our products, may be subject to scrutiny under these and other laws. In the third quarter of 2010, we entered into a five-year corporate integrity agreement with the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services as part of our settlement agreement with the U.S. Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice for the Northern District of Georgia and other federal agencies regarding our alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® . Failure to comply with the terms of the corporate integrity agreement could result in substantial civil or criminal penalties and being excluded from government health care programs. Violations of fraud and abuse laws may be punishable by criminal and/or civil sanctions, including fines and civil monetary penalties, as well as the possibility of exclusion from federal health care programs (including Medicare and Medicaid).

Some states, such as California, Massachusetts and Vermont, mandate implementation of commercial compliance programs to ensure compliance with these laws. Under California law, pharmaceutical companies must adopt a comprehensive compliance program that is in accordance with both the April 2003 Office of Inspector General Compliance Program Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers, or OIG Guidance, and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Code on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals, or the PhRMA Code. The PhRMA Code seeks to promote transparency in relationships between health care professionals and the pharmaceutical industry and to ensure that pharmaceutical marketing activities comport with the highest ethical standards. The PhRMA Code contains strict limitations on certain interactions between health care professionals and the pharmaceutical industry relating to gifts, meals, entertainment and speaker programs, among others. Similarly, the Advanced Medical Technology Association’s Revised Code of Ethics, or the AdvaMed Code, also seeks to ensure that medical device companies and health care professionals have collaborative relationships that meet high ethical standards, that medical decisions are based on the best interests of patients, and that medical device companies and health care professionals comply with applicable laws, regulations and government guidance. To that end, the AdvaMed Code provides guidance regarding how medical device companies may comply with certain aspects of the anti-kickback laws and OIG Guidance by outlining

 

24


Table of Contents

ethical standards for interactions with health care professionals. In addition, certain states, such as Massachusetts and Minnesota, have also imposed restrictions on the types of interactions that pharmaceutical and medical device companies or their agents (e.g., sales representatives) may have with health care professionals, including bans or strict limitations on the provision of meals, entertainment, hospitality, travel and lodging expenses, and other financial support, including funding for continuing medical education activities.

Patents, Trademarks and Licenses

We own, or have licenses under, numerous U.S. and foreign patents relating to our products, product uses and manufacturing processes. We believe that our patents and licenses are important to all segments of our business.

With the exception of the U.S. and European patents relating to Lumigan ® , Lumigan ® 0.01%, Alphagan ® P 0.15%, Alphagan ® P 0.1% , Combigan ® , Ganfort and the U.S. patents relating to Restasis ® , Zymaxid ® , Acuvail ® , Lastacaft and Latisse ® , no one patent or license is materially important to our specialty pharmaceuticals segment. The U.S. patents covering Lumigan ® 0.03% expire in 2012 and 2014. The European patents covering Lumigan ® 0.03% expire in various countries between 2013 and 2017. The U.S. marketing exclusivity for Lumigan ® 0.01% expires in August 2013. The U.S. patents covering Lumigan ® 0.01% expire in 2012, 2014 and 2027. The European patents covering Lumigan ® 0.01% expire between 2013 and 2017, and 2026. The U.S. patents covering the commercial formulations of Alphagan ® P 0.15%, and Alphagan ® P 0.1% expire in 2012 and 2022. The U.S. patent covering Restasis ® expires in 2014. One U.S. patent covering Zymar ® and Zymaxid ® expired in 2010, and the other U.S. patents covering Zymar ® and Zymaxid ® expire in 2016 and 2020. The U.S. patents covering Combigan ® expire in 2022 and 2023. The marketing exclusivity period for Combigan ® in the United States expired in October 2010 and expires in Europe in 2015. The European patents covering Ganfort expire in 2013 and 2022. The marketing exclusivity period for Acuvail ® expires in the United States in July 2012. The U.S. patent covering Acuvail ® expires in 2029. The U.S. patents covering Latisse ® expire in 2012, 2022 and 2024 and the European patents expire in 2013, 2021 and 2023. The marketing exclusivity period for Latisse ® expires in December 2011.

We have rights in well over 100 issued Botox ® related U.S. and European use and process patents covering, for example, pain associated with cervical dystonia, treatment of chronic migraine, hyperhidrosis, OAB and benign prostatic hyperplasia. We have granted royalty-bearing patent licenses to Merz with regard to Xeomin ® in many countries where we have issued or pending patents and to US Worldmeds with regard to MyoBloc ® / Neurobloc ® .

With the exception of certain U.S. and European patents relating to the Lap-Band ® System and our Inspira ® and Natrelle ® Collection of breast implants, no one patent or license is materially important to our specialty medical device segment based on overall sales. The patents covering our Lap-Band ® System, some of which we license from third parties, expire in June 2011, 2014 and 2024 in the United States and in 2014 and 2023 in Europe. The patents covering our Inspira ® and Natrelle ® Collection of breast implants expire in 2018 in the United States and in 2017 in Europe.

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patents or rights to patents, protect trade secrets and other proprietary technologies and processes, operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others, and prevent others from infringing on our patents, trademarks, service marks and other intellectual property rights. Upon the expiration or loss of patent protection for a product, we can lose a significant portion of sales of that product in a very short period of time as other companies manufacture generic forms of our previously protected product at lower cost, without having had to incur significant research and development costs in formulating the product. In addition, the issuance of a patent is not conclusive as to its validity or as to the enforceable scope of the claims of the patent. It is impossible to anticipate the breadth or degree of protection that any such patents will afford, or that any such patents will not be successfully challenged in the future. Accordingly, our patents may not prevent other companies from developing substantially identical products. Hence, if our patent

 

25


Table of Contents

applications are not approved or, even if approved, such patents are circumvented, our ability to competitively exploit our patented products and technologies may be significantly reduced. Also, such patents may or may not provide competitive advantages for their respective products, in which case our ability to commercially exploit these products may be diminished.

Third parties may challenge, invalidate or circumvent our patents and patent applications relating to our products, product candidates and technologies. Challenges may result in significant harm to our business. The cost of responding to these challenges and the inherent costs to defend the validity of our patents, including the prosecution of infringements and the related litigation, can require a substantial commitment of our management’s time, require us to incur significant legal expenses and can preclude or delay the commercialization of products. See Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings,” for information concerning our current intellectual property litigation.

From time to time, we may need to obtain licenses to patents and other proprietary rights held by third parties to develop, manufacture and market our products. If we are unable to timely obtain these licenses on commercially reasonable terms, our ability to commercially exploit such products may be inhibited or prevented. See Item 1A of Part I of this report, “Risk Factors.”

We market our products under various trademarks, for which we have both registered and unregistered trademark protection in the United States and certain countries outside the United States. We consider these trademarks to be valuable because of their contribution to the market identification of our products and we regularly prosecute third party infringers of our trademarks in an attempt to limit confusion in the marketplace. Any failure to adequately protect our rights in our various trademarks and service marks from infringement could result in a loss of their value to us. If the marks we use are found to infringe upon the trademark or service mark of another company, we could be forced to stop using those marks and, as a result, we could lose the value of those marks and could be liable for damages caused by infringing those marks. In addition to intellectual property protections afforded to trademarks, service marks and proprietary know-how by the various countries in which our proprietary products are sold, we seek to protect our trademarks, service marks and proprietary know-how through confidentiality agreements with third parties, including our partners, customers, employees and consultants. These agreements may be breached or become unenforceable, and we may not have adequate remedies for any such breach. It is also possible that our trade secrets will become known or independently developed by our competitors, resulting in increased competition for our products.

In addition, we are currently engaged in various collaborative ventures for the development, manufacturing and distribution of current and new products. These projects include, but are not limited to, the following:

 

   

We entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with Kyorin under which Kyorin became responsible for the development and commercialization of Alphagan ® and Alphagan ® P 0.15% in Japan. Kyorin subsequently sublicensed its rights under the agreement to Senju. Under the licensing agreement, Senju incurs associated costs, makes clinical development and commercialization milestone payments, and makes royalty-based payments on product sales. We are working collaboratively with Senju on overall product strategy and management.

 

   

We entered into an exclusive licensing agreement with Senju under which Senju became responsible for the development and commercialization of Lumigan ® in Japan. Senju incurs associated costs, makes development and commercialization milestone payments and makes royalty-based payments on product sales. We are working collaboratively with Senju on overall product strategy and management. In 2009, Senju received approval of Lumigan ® 0.03% in Japan.

 

   

We have licensed to GSK all clinical development and commercial rights to Botox ® for therapeutic indications in Japan and China. We receive royalties on GSK’s Japan and China Botox ® sales. We also manufacture Botox ® for GSK as part of a long-term supply agreement. In the first quarter of 2010, we reacquired from GSK all rights to develop and sell Botox ® in Japan and China for all cosmetic indications. We market Botox ® in Japan for the glabellar lines indication as Botox Vista ® .

 

26


Table of Contents
   

We entered into a strategic collaboration arrangement with Spectrum to develop and commercialize apaziquone, an antineoplastic agent currently being investigated for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer by intravesical instillation. Under the collaboration, Spectrum is conducting two Phase III clinical trials to explore apaziquone’s safety and efficacy as a potential treatment for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer following surgery. In 2009, the FDA granted Fast Track Designation for the investigation of apaziquone for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Spectrum completed enrollment in the two Phase III clinical trials in 2009. Spectrum retained exclusive rights to apaziquone in Asia, including Japan and China. We received exclusive rights to apaziquone for the treatment of bladder cancer in the rest of the world, including the United States, Canada and Europe.

 

   

In the first quarter of 2010, we entered into an agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb for the development and commercialization of an investigational drug for neuropathic pain. Under the terms of the agreement, we granted to Bristol-Myers Squibb exclusive worldwide rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize the investigational drug for neuropathic pain and backup compounds.

 

   

In the first quarter of 2010, we entered into an agreement with Serenity for the development and commercialization of Ser-120, a nasally administered low dosage formulation of desmopressin currently in Phase III clinical trials for the treatment of nocturia, a common yet often under-diagnosed urological disorder in adults characterized by frequent urination at night time. We received an exclusive worldwide license to develop, manufacture and commercialize Ser-120 for all potential indications except, under certain circumstances, primary nocturnal enuresis (pediatric bedwetting). In 2010, the Phase III clinical trials failed to meet their primary efficacy endpoints and we are currently evaluating a revised clinical plan.

 

   

In the third quarter of 2010, we renegotiated our partnership with Inspire to revise Inspire’s right to receive revenues from us based on net sales of Restasis ® and any other human ophthalmic formulations of cyclosporine owned or controlled by us.

 

   

In January 2011, we entered into a collaboration agreement and a co-promotion agreement with MAP for the exclusive development and commercialization by us and MAP of Levadex within the United States to certain headache specialist physicians for the treatment of acute migraine in adults, migraine in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age and other indications that may be approved by the parties. Levadex is a self-administered, orally inhaled therapy consisting of a proprietary formulation of dihydroergotamine delivered using MAP’s proprietary Tempo ® delivery system, which has completed Phase III clinical development for the treatment of acute migraine in adults.

In 2004, through our acquisition of Inamed, we entered into a settlement agreement with Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc. pursuant to which, among other terms, we were granted a worldwide, royalty-bearing, non-exclusive license with respect to a portfolio of U.S. and international patents applicable to adjustable gastric bands and will pay royalties until the expiry of the applicable patents.

We are also a party to license agreements allowing other companies to manufacture products using some of our technology in exchange for royalties and other compensation or benefits. See “Research and Development” for additional information concerning our current license agreements.

Environmental Matters

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign environmental laws and regulations. We believe that our operations comply in all material respects with applicable environmental laws and regulations in each country where we have a business presence. We also pride ourselves on our comprehensive and successful environmental, health and safety programs and performance against internal objectives. We have been recognized many times for superior environmental health and safety performance.

 

27


Table of Contents

Although we continue to make capital expenditures for environmental protection, we do not anticipate any expenditures in order to comply with such laws and regulations that would have a material impact on our earnings or competitive position. We are not aware of any pending litigation or significant financial obligations arising from current or past environmental practices that are likely to have a material adverse effect on our financial position. We cannot assure you, however, that environmental problems relating to properties owned or operated by us will not develop in the future, and we cannot predict whether any such problems, if they were to develop, could require significant expenditures on our part. In addition, we are unable to predict what legislation or regulations may be adopted or enacted in the future with respect to environmental protection and waste disposal.

Seasonality

Our business, both taken as a whole and by our business segments, is not materially affected by seasonal factors, although we have noticed a historical trend with respect to sales of our Botox ® product. Specifically, sales of Botox ® have tended to be lowest during the first fiscal quarter, with sales during the second and third fiscal quarters being comparable and marginally higher than sales during the first fiscal quarter. Botox ® sales during the fourth fiscal quarter have tended to be the highest due to patients obtaining their final therapeutic treatment at the end of the year, presumably to fully utilize deductibles and to receive additional aesthetic treatments prior to the holiday season. Breast augmentation surgery has a seasonal highpoint in spring prior to summer vacations.

Third Party Coverage and Reimbursement

Health care providers generally rely on third-party payors, including governmental payors such as Medicare and Medicaid, and private insurance carriers, to adequately cover and reimburse the cost of pharmaceuticals and medical devices. Such third-party payors are increasingly challenging the price of medical products and services and instituting cost containment measures to control, restrict access or significantly influence the purchase of medical products and services. The market for some of our products therefore is influenced by third-party payors’ policies. This includes the placement of our pharmaceutical products on drug formularies or lists of medications.

Purchases of aesthetic products and procedures using those products generally are not covered by third-party payors, and consequently patients incur out-of-pocket costs for such products and associated procedures. This includes breast aesthetics products for augmentation and facial aesthetics products. Since 1998, however, U.S. federal law has mandated that group health plans, insurance companies and health maintenance organizations offering mastectomy coverage must also provide coverage for reconstructive surgery following a mastectomy, which includes coverage for breast implants. Outside the United States, reimbursement for breast implants used in reconstructive surgery following a mastectomy may be available, but the programs vary on a country by country basis.

Furthermore, treatments for obesity alone may not be covered by third-party payors. For example, in 2006, Medicare began covering certain designated bariatric surgical services, including gastric bypass surgery and procedures using the Lap-Band ® System, for Medicare patients who have previously been unsuccessfully treated for obesity and who have a BMI equal to or greater than 40 or a BMI of 35 when at least one co-morbidity is present. However, the policy reiterates that treatments for obesity alone are not covered, because such treatments are not considered reasonable and necessary. Without changing current coverage for morbidly obese individuals, effective February 12, 2009, the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or CMS, the agency responsible for implementing the Medicare program, determined that Type 2 diabetes mellitus is a co-morbid condition related to obesity under the existing policies. While Medicare policies are sometimes adopted by other third-party payors, other governmental and private insurance coverage currently varies by carrier and geographic location, and we actively work with governmental agencies, insurance carriers and employers to obtain reimbursement

 

28


Table of Contents


coverage for procedures using our Lap-Band ® System product. For instance, the Technology Evaluation Center of the Blue Cross/Blue Shield National Association provided a positive assessment of the Lap-Band ® System, an important step in providing private payor reimbursement for the procedure.

Outside the United States, reimbursement programs vary on a country by country basis. In some countries, both the procedure and product are fully reimbursed by the government health care systems for all citizens who need it, and there is no limit on the number of procedures that can be performed. In other countries, there is complete reimbursement but the number of procedures that can be performed at each hospital is limited either by the hospital’s overall budget or by the national budget for the type of product.

In the United States, there have been and continue to be a number of legislative initiatives to contain health care coverage and reimbursement by governmental and other payors. For example, in March 2010, the President of the United States signed the PPACA, which substantially changes the way health care is financed by both governmental and private insurers, subjects biologic products to potential competition by lower-cost “biosimilars,” and significantly impacts the U.S. pharmaceutical and medical device industries. Among other things, the PPACA:

 

   

Establishes a licensure framework for biosimilar products;

 

   

Establishes a new Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to oversee, identify priorities in and conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research;

 

   

Increases minimum Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, retroactive to January 1, 2010, to 23.1 percent and 13 percent of the average manufacturer price, or AMP, for branded and generic drugs, respectively;

 

   

Expands manufacturers’ rebate responsibilities for outpatient drugs by extending the 340B program to additional providers including certain children’s hospitals, free-standing cancer hospitals, critical access hospitals, rural referral centers and sole community hospitals, effective January 2010;

 

   

Extends manufacturers’ Medicaid rebate liability to covered drugs dispensed to individuals who are enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations, effective March 23, 2010;

 

   

Expands eligibility criteria for Medicaid programs by, among other things, allowing states to offer Medicaid coverage to additional individuals beginning April 2010 and by adding new mandatory eligibility categories for certain individuals with income at or below 133 percent of the Federal Poverty Level beginning 2014, thereby potentially increasing manufacturers’ Medicaid rebate liability;

 

   

Redefines a number of terms used to determine Medicaid drug rebate liability, including average manufacturer price and retail community pharmacy, effective October 2010;

 

   

Requires manufacturers to participate in a coverage gap discount program, under which they must agree to offer 50 percent point-of-sale discounts off negotiated prices of applicable brand drugs to eligible beneficiaries during their coverage gap period, as a condition for the manufacturer’s outpatient drugs to be covered under Medicare Part D, beginning January 2011;

 

   

Establishes annual, non-deductible fees on any entity that manufactures or imports certain branded prescription drugs and biologics, beginning January 2011; and

 

   

Establishes a deductible excise tax on any entity that manufactures or imports certain medical devices offered for sale in the United States, beginning 2013.

The PPACA provisions on comparative clinical effectiveness research extend the initiatives of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, also known as the stimulus package, which included $1.1 billion in

 

29


Table of Contents

funding to study the comparative effectiveness of health care treatments and strategies. This funding was designated for, among other things, conducting, supporting or synthesizing research that compares and evaluates the risk and benefits, clinical outcomes, effectiveness and appropriateness of products. Although Congress has indicated that this funding is intended to improve the quality of health care, it remains unclear how the research will impact current Medicare coverage and reimbursement or how new information will influence other third-party payor policies. Though there have been initiatives to rescind the PPACA, we expect that its legislative measures, as well as other health care reform measures that may be adopted in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our industry generally and our ability to successfully commercialize our products or could limit or eliminate our spending on certain development projects.

Breast Implant Replacement Programs

We conduct our product development, manufacturing, marketing and service and support activities with careful regard for the consequences to patients. As with any medical device manufacturer, however, we receive communications from surgeons or patients with respect to our various breast implant products claiming the products were defective, lost volume or have resulted in injury to patients. In the event of a loss of shell integrity resulting in breast implant rupture or deflation that requires surgical intervention with respect to our breast implant products sold and implanted in the United States, in most cases our ConfidencePlus ® programs provide lifetime product replacement, contralateral implant product replacement and some financial assistance for surgical procedures required within ten years of implantation. Breast implants sold and implanted outside of the United States are subject to a similar program. We do not warrant any level of aesthetic result and, as required by government regulation, make extensive disclosure concerning the risks of our products and implantation surgery.

Employee Relations

At December 31, 2010, we employed approximately 9,200 persons throughout the world, including approximately 4,600 in the United States. None of our U.S.-based employees are represented by unions. We believe that our relations with our employees are generally good.

Executive Officers

Our executive officers and their ages as of February 28, 2011 are as follows:

 

Name

  

Age

    

Principal Positions with Allergan

David E.I. Pyott

     57      

Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

F. Michael Ball

     55       President, Allergan

James F. Barlow

     52      

Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Raymond H. Diradoorian

     53       Executive Vice President, Global Technical Operations

Jeffrey L. Edwards

     50      

Executive Vice President, Finance and Business Development,

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Samuel J. Gesten

     49       Executive Vice President, General Counsel

Scott D. Sherman

     45       Executive Vice President, Human Resources

Scott M. Whitcup, M.D.

     51      

Executive Vice President, Research & Development,

Chief Scientific Officer

Officers are appointed by and hold office at the pleasure of the board of directors.

Mr. Pyott has been Allergan’s Chief Executive Officer since January 1998 and in 2001 became the Chairman of the Board. Mr. Pyott also served as Allergan’s President from January 1998 until February 2006. Previously, he was head of the Nutrition Division and a member of the executive committee of Novartis AG, a

 

30


Table of Contents

publicly-traded company focused on the research and development of products to protect and improve health and well-being, from 1995 until December 1997. From 1992 to 1995, Mr. Pyott was President and Chief Executive Officer of Sandoz Nutrition Corp., Minneapolis, Minnesota, a predecessor to Novartis, and General Manager of Sandoz Nutrition, Barcelona, Spain, from 1990 to 1992. Prior to that, Mr. Pyott held various positions within the Sandoz Nutrition group from 1980. Mr. Pyott is also a member of the board of directors of Avery Dennison Corporation, a publicly-traded company focused on pressure-sensitive technology and self-adhesive solutions, where he serves as the lead independent director, and Edwards Lifesciences Corporation, a publicly-traded company focused on products and technologies to treat advanced cardiovascular diseases. Mr. Pyott is a member of the Directors’ Board of The Paul Merage School of Business at the University of California, Irvine (UCI). Mr. Pyott serves on the board of directors and the Executive Committee of the California Healthcare Institute, and serves on the board of directors, Executive Committee and as Chairman of the International Affairs Committee of the Biotechnology Industry Organization. Mr. Pyott also serves as a member of the board of directors of the Pan-American Ophthalmological Foundation, the International Council of Ophthalmology Foundation, and as a member of the Advisory Board for the Foundation of The American Academy of Ophthalmology. Mr. Pyott also serves as a Vice Chairman of the Board of Trustees of Chapman University.

Mr. Ball has been President, Allergan since February 2006. Mr. Ball was Executive Vice President and President, Pharmaceuticals from October 2003 until February 2006. Prior to that, Mr. Ball was Corporate Vice President and President, North America Region and Global Eye Rx Business since May 1998 and prior to that was Corporate Vice President and President, North America Region since April 1996. He joined Allergan in 1995 as Senior Vice President, U.S. Eye Care after 12 years with Syntex Corporation, a multinational pharmaceutical company, where he held a variety of positions including President, Syntex Inc. Canada and Senior Vice President, Syntex Laboratories. Mr. Ball serves on the board of directors of STEC, Inc., a publicly-traded manufacturer and marketer of computer memory and hard drive storage solutions.

Mr. Barlow has been Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller since February 2005. Mr. Barlow joined Allergan in January 2002 as Vice President, Corporate Controller. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Barlow served as Chief Financial Officer of Wynn Oil Company, a division of Parker Hannifin Corporation. Prior to Wynn Oil Company, Mr. Barlow was Treasurer and Controller at Wynn’s International, Inc., a supplier of automotive and industrial components and specialty chemicals, from July 1990 to September 2000. Before working for Wynn’s International, Inc., Mr. Barlow was Vice President, Controller from 1986 to 1990 for Ford Equipment Leasing Company. From 1983 to 1985 Mr. Barlow worked for the accounting firm Deloitte Haskins and Sells.

Mr. Diradoorian has served as Allergan’s Executive Vice President, Global Technical Operations since February 2006. From April 2005 to February 2006, Mr. Diradoorian served as Senior Vice President, Global Technical Operations. From February 2001 to April 2005, Mr. Diradoorian served as Vice President, Global Engineering and Technology. Mr. Diradoorian joined Allergan in July 1981. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Diradoorian held positions at American Hospital Supply and with the Los Angeles Dodgers baseball team.

Mr. Edwards has been Executive Vice President, Finance and Business Development, Chief Financial Officer since September 2005. Prior to that, Mr. Edwards was Corporate Vice President, Corporate Development since March 2003 and previously served as Senior Vice President, Treasury, Tax, and Investor Relations. He joined Allergan in 1993. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Edwards was with Banque Paribas and Security Pacific National Bank, where he held various senior level positions in the credit and business development functions.

Mr. Gesten has been Executive Vice President and General Counsel since August 2010. Mr. Gesten joined Allergan in June 2009 and served as Senior Vice President and General Counsel until July 2010. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Gesten spent 11 years with Thermo Fisher Scientific where he held various roles, including Vice President and General Counsel of the Laboratory Equipment Group and served on the group’s leadership team. Mr. Gesten was also responsible for Thermo Fisher’s corporate online legal training. Mr. Gesten has over 23 years of experience in the management of domestic and international legal affairs and leads Allergan’s global team on all legal matters as well as supporting Allergan’s Board of Directors and senior management. Mr. Gesten

 

31


Table of Contents

is also the Vice-Chairman of the Allergan Political Action Committee for Employees. Mr. Gesten also serves as a member of the board of United Cerebral Palsy of Orange County.

Mr. Sherman joined Allergan as Executive Vice President, Human Resources in September 2010 with more than fifteen years of human resources leadership experience. Prior to joining Allergan, Mr. Sherman worked at Medtronic, Inc., a global medical device company, from August 1995 to September 2010 in roles of increasing complexity and responsibility. From April 2009 until September 2010, Mr. Sherman served as Medtronic’s Vice President, Global Total Rewards and Human Resources Operations, where he was responsible for global compensation and benefits programs, and served as Secretary to the Compensation Committee of Medtronic’s Board of Directors. Mr. Sherman lived in Europe from August 2005 until April 2009 and served as Vice-President, International Human Resources (May 2008 – April 2009) and Vice-President, Human Resources—Europe, Emerging Markets and Canada (August 2005 – May 2008). Prior to these assignments, Mr. Sherman held a series of other positions at Medtronic including Vice President, Human Resources—Diabetes (January 2002 – July 2005). Prior to joining Medtronic, Mr. Sherman held various positions in the Human Resources and Sales organizations at Exxon Corporation from 1990 to 1995.

Dr. Whitcup has been Executive Vice President, Research and Development, and Chief Scientific Officer since April 2009. Prior to that, Dr. Whitcup was Executive Vice President, Research and Development since July 2004. Dr. Whitcup joined Allergan in January 2000 as Vice President, Development, Ophthalmology. In January 2004, Dr. Whitcup became Allergan’s Senior Vice President, Development, Ophthalmology. From 1993 until 2000, Dr. Whitcup served as the Clinical Director of the National Eye Institute at the National Institutes of Health. As Clinical Director, Dr. Whitcup’s leadership was vital in building the clinical research program and promoting new ophthalmic therapeutic discoveries. Dr. Whitcup is a faculty member at the Jules Stein Eye Institute/David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California, Los Angeles. Dr. Whitcup serves on the board of directors of Avanir Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a publicly-traded pharmaceutical company.

 

Item 1A. Risk Factors

Before deciding to purchase, hold or sell our common stock, you should carefully consider the risks described below in addition to the other cautionary statements and risks described elsewhere and the other information contained in this report and in our other filings with the SEC, including subsequent Quarterly Reports on Forms 10-Q and Current Reports on Form 8-K. We operate in a rapidly changing environment that involves a number of risks. The risks and uncertainties described below are not the only ones we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to us or that we currently deem immaterial may also affect our business. These known and unknown risks could materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition, prospects, operating results or cash flows.

We operate in a highly competitive business.

The pharmaceutical and medical device industries are highly competitive. To be successful in these industries, we must be able to, among other things, effectively discover, develop, test and obtain regulatory approvals for products, effectively commercialize, market and promote approved products, including communicating the effectiveness, safety and value of products to actual and prospective customers and medical professionals. Many of our competitors have greater resources than we have. This enables them, among other things, to make greater research and development investments and spread their research and development costs, as well as their marketing and promotion costs, over a broader revenue base.

Developments by our competitors, the entry of new competitors into the markets in which we compete, or consolidation in the pharmaceutical and medical device industries could make our products or technologies less competitive or obsolete. Our future growth depends, in part, on our ability to develop and introduce products which are more effective than those developed by our competitors. Sales of our existing products may decline rapidly if a new product is introduced that represents a substantial improvement over our existing products.

 

32


Table of Contents

Certain of our pharmaceutical products also compete with over-the-counter products which may be priced and regulated differently than our prescription products, and are subject to the evolving preferences of consumers.

We also face competition from lower-cost generic drug and biological products. As discussed more fully below, such competition may increase in light of recent legislation providing a new regulatory pathway for the approval of lower-cost biosimilars. The patent rights that protect our products are of varying strength and duration, and the loss of patent protection is typically followed by generic substitutes. As a result, we may compete against generic products that are as safe and effective as our products, but sold at substantially lower prices. Generic competition may significantly reduce the demand for our products with which any such generic products compete.

Adverse U.S. and international economic conditions may reduce consumer demand for our products, causing our sales and profitability to suffer.

Adverse conditions in the U.S. and international economies and financial markets may continue to negatively affect our revenues and operating results. Many of our products, including Refresh ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, Juvéderm ® , Latisse ® , to a large extent the Natrelle ® line of breast implants, and to a lesser extent the Lap-Band ® System, have limited reimbursement or are not reimbursable by governmental or other health care plans and instead are partially or wholly paid for directly by the consumer. Sales of the Lap-Band ® System appear to be adversely affected by high levels of unemployment in the United States. Adverse economic conditions impacting consumers, including among others, increased taxation, higher unemployment, lower consumer confidence in the economy, higher consumer debt levels, lower availability of consumer credit, higher interest rates and hardships relating to declines in the housing and stock markets, historically have caused consumers to reassess their spending choices and reduce their purchases of certain of our products. Any failure to attain our projected revenues and operating results as a result of reduced consumer demand due to adverse economic or market conditions could have a material adverse effect on our business, cause our sales and profitability to suffer, reduce our operating cash flow and result in a decline in the price of our common stock. Adverse economic and market conditions could also have a negative impact on our business by negatively affecting the parties with whom we do business, including among others, our business partners, creditors, third-party contractors and suppliers, causing them to fail to meet their obligations to us.

We could experience difficulties obtaining or creating the raw materials or components needed to produce our products and interruptions in the supply of raw materials or components could disrupt our manufacturing and cause our sales and profitability to decline.

The loss of a material supplier or the interruption of our manufacturing processes could adversely affect our ability to manufacture or sell many of our products. We obtain the specialty chemicals that are the active pharmaceutical ingredients in certain of our products from single sources, who must maintain compliance with the FDA’s cGMPs. We also obtain Aczone ® , Sanctura ® and Sanctura XR ® under manufacturing agreements with sole source suppliers. If we experience difficulties acquiring sufficient quantities of these materials or products from our existing suppliers, or if our suppliers are found to be non-compliant with the cGMPs, obtaining the required regulatory approvals, including from the FDA or the European Medical Evaluation Agency to use alternative suppliers may be a lengthy and uncertain process. A lengthy interruption of the supply of one or more of these materials could adversely affect our ability to manufacture and supply products, which could cause our sales and profitability to decline. In addition, the manufacturing process to create the raw material necessary to produce Botox ® is technically complex and requires significant lead-time. Any failure by us to forecast demand for, or to maintain an adequate supply of, the raw material and finished product could result in an interruption in the supply of Botox ® and a resulting decrease in sales of the product.

We also rely on a single supplier for silicone raw materials used in some of our products, including breast implants. Although we have an agreement with this supplier to transfer the necessary formulations to us in the event that it cannot meet our requirements, we cannot guarantee that we would be able to produce or obtain a

 

33


Table of Contents

sufficient amount of quality silicone raw materials in a timely manner. We depend on third party manufacturers for silicone molded components. These third party manufacturers must maintain compliance with the FDA’s QSR, which sets forth the current good manufacturing practice standard for medical devices and requires manufacturers to follow design, testing and control documentation and air quality assurance procedures during the manufacturing process. Any material reduction in our raw material supply or a failure by our third party manufacturers to maintain compliance with the QSR could result in decreased sales of our products and a decrease in our revenues. Additionally, certain of the manufacturing processes that we perform are only performed at one location worldwide. Furthermore, as a result of the credit crisis and current economic conditions, and while we analyze the financial solvency of our key suppliers, we cannot guarantee that our key suppliers will remain solvent or that we will be able to obtain sufficient supplies of key materials, particularly as we often represent a small part of the overall output of these manufacturers.

Our future success depends upon our ability to develop new products, and new indications for existing products, that achieve regulatory approval for commercialization.

For our business model to be successful, we must continually develop, test and manufacture new products or achieve new indications or label extensions for the use of our existing products. Prior to marketing, these new products and product indications must satisfy stringent regulatory standards and receive requisite approvals or clearances from regulatory authorities in the United States and abroad. The development, regulatory review and approval, and commercialization processes are time consuming, costly and subject to numerous factors that may delay or prevent the development, approval or clearance, and commercialization of new products, including legal actions brought by our competitors. To obtain approval or clearance of new indications or products in the United States, we must submit, among other information, the results of preclinical and clinical studies on the new indication or product candidate to the FDA. The number of preclinical and clinical studies that will be required for FDA approval varies depending on the new indication or product candidate, the disease or condition for which the new indication or product candidate is in development and the regulations applicable to that new indication or product candidate. Even if we believe that the data collected from clinical trials of new indications for our existing products or for our product candidates are promising, the FDA may find such data to be insufficient to support approval of the new indication or product. The FDA can delay, limit or deny approval or clearance of a new indication or product candidate for many reasons, including:

 

   

the FDA may determine that the new indication or product candidate is not safe and effective;

 

   

the FDA may interpret our preclinical and clinical data in different ways than we do;

 

   

the FDA may not approve our manufacturing processes or facilities;

 

   

the FDA may not approve our risk evaluation and mitigation strategy, or REMS, program;

 

   

the FDA may require us to perform post-marketing clinical studies; or

 

   

the FDA may change its approval policies or adopt new regulations.

Products that we are currently developing, other future product candidates or new indications or label extensions for our existing products, may or may not receive the regulatory approvals or clearances necessary for marketing or may receive such approvals or clearances only after delays or unanticipated costs. Further, the FDA may require us to implement a REMS program to manage known or potential serious risks associated with our pharmaceutical products to ensure that the benefits of our products outweigh their risks. A REMS program can include patient package inserts, medication guides, communication plans, pharmacovigilance or adverse event monitoring, an implementation system and other elements necessary to assure safe use of our pharmaceutical product. If the FDA determines that a REMS program is necessary, the agency will not approve our product without an approved REMS program, which could delay approval or impose additional requirements on our products. In addition, we may be subject to enforcement actions, including civil money penalties if we do not comply with REMS program requirements. Delays or unanticipated costs in any part of the process or our inability to obtain timely regulatory approval for our products, including those attributable to, among other

 

34


Table of Contents

things, our failure to maintain manufacturing facilities in compliance with all applicable regulatory requirements, including the cGMPs and QSR, could cause our operating results to suffer and our stock price to decrease. Our facilities, our suppliers’ facilities and other third parties’ facilities on which we rely must pass pre-approval reviews and plant inspections and demonstrate compliance with the cGMPs and QSR.

Further, even if we receive FDA and other regulatory approvals for a new indication or product, the product may later exhibit adverse effects that limit or prevent its widespread use or that force us to withdraw the product from the market or to revise our labeling to limit the indications for which the product may be prescribed. In addition, even if we receive the necessary regulatory approvals, we cannot assure you that new products or indications will achieve market acceptance. Our future performance will be affected by the market acceptance of, or continued market acceptance of, products such as Acuvail ® , Aczone ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15%, Alphagan ® P 0.1%, Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, Combigan ® , Elestat ® , Ganfort , Juvéderm ® , the Lap-Band ® System, Latisse ® , Lumigan ® 0.03%, Lumigan ® 0.01%, Optive , Ozurdex ® , Refresh ® , Relestat ® , Restasis ® , Sanctura XR ® , Tazorac ® , and Vistabel ® , as well as the Natrelle ® line of breast implant products, new indications for Botox ® , and new products such as Lastacaft and Zymaxid ® . We cannot assure you that our currently marketed products will not be subject to further regulatory review and action.

In 2008, the FDA announced in an “Early Communication” its review of certain adverse events following the use of botulinum toxins, including Botox ® and Botox ® Cosmetic. In 2009, simultaneously with its approval of Dysport , the FDA announced the completion of its review and has requested that we adopt a REMS program equivalent to the REMS program required for Dysport . In 2009, the FDA approved our REMS program for Botox ® , which addresses the risks related to botulinum toxin spread beyond the injection site and the lack of botulinum toxin interchangeability. In the second quarter of 2010, the FDA requested that we submit an update to the Botox ® Medication Guide to include the chronic migraine indication, updated REMS to include a physician training plan for chronic migraine, and a proposed physician communication, including a draft “dear healthcare practitioner” letter announcing the chronic migraine indication and providing information on the updated REMS. In the fourth quarter of 2010, the FDA approved Botox ® for the prophylactic treatment of headaches in adults with chronic migraine. We cannot assure you that any other compounds or products that we are developing for commercialization will be approved by the FDA or foreign regulatory bodies for marketing or that we will be able to commercialize them on terms that will be profitable, or at all. If any of our products cannot be successfully or timely commercialized or our direct-to-consumer advertising materials fail to be approved by the FDA, our operating results could be materially adversely affected.

Our product development efforts may not result in commercial products.

We intend to continue an aggressive research and development program. Successful product development in the pharmaceutical and medical device industry is highly uncertain, and very few research and development projects produce a commercial product. Product candidates that appear promising in the early phases of development, such as in early human clinical trials, may fail to reach the market for a number of reasons, such as:

 

   

the product candidate did not demonstrate acceptable clinical trial results even though it demonstrated positive preclinical trial results;

 

   

the product candidate was not effective in treating a specified condition or illness;

 

   

the product candidate had harmful side effects in humans or animals;

 

   

the necessary regulatory bodies, such as the FDA, did not approve the product candidate for an intended use;

 

   

the product candidate was not economical for us to manufacture and commercialize;

 

   

other companies or people have or may have proprietary rights to the product candidate, such as patent rights, and will not sell or license these rights to us on reasonable terms, or at all;

 

35


Table of Contents
   

the product candidate is not cost effective in light of existing therapeutics or alternative devices; and

 

   

certain of our licensors or partners may fail to effectively conduct clinical development or clinical manufacturing activities.

Several of our product candidates have failed or been discontinued at various stages in the product development process. Of course, there may be other factors that prevent us from marketing a product. We cannot guarantee we will be able to produce commercially successful products. Further, clinical trial results are frequently susceptible to varying interpretations by scientists, medical personnel, regulatory personnel, statisticians and others, which may delay, limit or prevent further clinical development or regulatory approvals of a product candidate. Also, the length of time that it takes for us to complete clinical trials and obtain regulatory approval for product marketing has in the past varied by product and by the intended use of a product. We expect that this will likely be the case with future product candidates and we cannot predict the length of time to complete necessary clinical trials and obtain regulatory approval.

If we are unable to obtain and maintain adequate protection for our intellectual property rights associated with the technologies incorporated into our products, our business and results of operations could suffer.

Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain patents or rights to patents, protect trade secrets and other proprietary technologies and processes, and prevent others from infringing on our patents, trademarks, service marks and other intellectual property rights. Upon the expiration or loss of patent protection for a product, we can lose a significant portion of sales of that product in a very short period of time as other companies manufacture generic forms of our previously protected product or manufacture similar products or devices at lower cost, without having had to incur significant research and development costs in formulating the product or designing the device. Therefore, our future financial success may depend in part on obtaining patent protection for technologies incorporated into our products. We cannot assure you that such patents will be issued, or that any existing or future patents will be of commercial benefit. In addition, it is impossible to anticipate the breadth or degree of protection that any such patents will afford, and we cannot assure you that any such patents will not be successfully challenged in the future. If we are unsuccessful in obtaining or preserving patent protection, or if any of our products rely on unpatented proprietary technology, we cannot assure you that others will not commercialize products substantially identical to those products. Generic drug manufacturers are currently challenging the patents covering certain of our products, and we expect that they will continue to do so in the future.

Third parties may challenge, invalidate or circumvent our patents and patent applications relating to our products, product candidates and technologies. Challenges may result in potentially significant harm to our business. The cost of responding to these challenges and the inherent costs to defend the validity of our patents, including the prosecution of infringements and the related litigation, could be substantial and can preclude or delay commercialization of products. Such litigation also could require a substantial commitment of our management’s time. For certain of our product candidates, third parties may have patents or pending patents that they claim prevent us from commercializing certain product candidates in certain territories. Our success depends in part on our ability to obtain and defend patent rights and other intellectual property rights that are important to the commercialization of our products and product candidates. See “Patents, Trademarks and Licenses” in Item 1 of Part I of this report, “Business” and Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings” for information concerning our current intellectual property and related litigation.

We also believe that the protection of our trademarks and service marks is an important factor in product recognition and in our ability to maintain or increase market share. If we do not adequately protect our rights in our various trademarks and service marks from infringement, their value to us could be lost or diminished, seriously impairing our competitive position. Moreover, the laws of certain foreign countries do not protect our intellectual property rights to the same extent as the laws of the United States. In addition to intellectual property

 

36


Table of Contents

protections afforded to trademarks, service marks and proprietary know-how by the various countries in which our proprietary products are sold, we seek to protect our trademarks, service marks and proprietary know-how through confidentiality and proprietary information agreements with third parties, including our partners, customers, employees and consultants. These agreements may not provide meaningful protection or adequate remedies for violation of our rights in the event of unauthorized use or disclosure of confidential information. It is possible that these agreements will be breached or that they will not be enforceable in every instance, and that we will not have adequate remedies for any such breach. It is also possible that our trade secrets will become known or independently developed by our competitors.

We may be subject to intellectual property litigation and infringement claims, which could cause us to incur significant expenses and losses or prevent us from selling our products.

We cannot assure you that our products will not infringe patents or other intellectual property rights held by third parties. In the event we discover that we may be infringing third party patents or other intellectual property rights, we may not be able to obtain licenses from those third parties on commercially attractive terms or at all. We may have to defend, and have defended, against charges that we violated patents or the proprietary rights of third parties. Litigation is costly and time-consuming, and diverts the attention of our management and technical personnel. In addition, if we infringe the intellectual property rights of others, we could lose our right to develop, manufacture or sell products or could be required to pay monetary damages or royalties to license proprietary rights from third parties. An adverse determination in a judicial or administrative proceeding or a failure to obtain necessary licenses could prevent us from manufacturing or selling our products, which could harm our business, financial condition, prospects, results of operations and cash flows. See Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings” and Note 13, “Legal Proceedings,” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules,” for information concerning our current intellectual property litigation.

Importation of products from Canada and other countries into the United States may lower the prices we receive for our products.

In the United States, some of our pharmaceutical and medical device products are subject to competition from lower priced versions of those products and competing products from Canada, Mexico and other countries where government price controls or other market dynamics result in lower prices. Our products that require a prescription in the United States are often available to consumers in these other markets without a prescription, which may cause consumers to further seek out our products in these lower priced markets. The ability of patients and other customers to obtain these lower priced imports has grown significantly as a result of the Internet, an expansion of pharmacies in Canada and elsewhere targeted to American purchasers, the increase in U.S.-based businesses affiliated with Canadian pharmacies marketing to American purchasers and other factors. These foreign imports are illegal under current U.S. law, with the sole exception of limited quantities of prescription drugs imported for personal use. However, the volume of imports continues to rise due to the limited enforcement resources of the FDA and the U.S. Customs and Border Protection, and there is increased political pressure to permit the imports as a mechanism for expanding access to lower priced medicines.

In December 2003, Congress enacted the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003, or MMA. The MMA contains provisions that may change U.S. import laws and expand consumers’ ability to import lower priced versions of our products and competing products from Canada, where there are government price controls. These changes to U.S. import laws will not take effect unless and until the Secretary of Health and Human Services certifies that the changes will lead to substantial savings for consumers and will not create a public health safety issue. The Secretary of Health and Human Services has not made such a certification. However, it is possible that the current Secretary or a subsequent Secretary could make such a certification in the future. As directed by Congress, a task force on drug importation conducted a comprehensive study regarding the circumstances under which drug importation could be safely conducted and the consequences of importation on the health, medical costs and development of new medicines for U.S. consumers. The task

 

37


Table of Contents

force issued its report in December 2004, finding that there are significant safety and economic issues that must be addressed before importation of prescription drugs is permitted. In addition, federal legislative proposals have been made to implement the changes to the U.S. import laws without any certification, and to broaden permissible imports in other ways. For example, versions of the House and Senate bills introduced in 2009 to reform the health care industry in the United States included provisions that would have allowed the importation of pharmaceuticals from Canada and other countries. Although the provisions were not included in the final legislation passed by each chamber, we believe there will likely be future efforts to reintroduce similar proposals. Even if such changes to the U.S. import laws are not enacted, imports from Canada and elsewhere may continue to increase due to market and political forces, and the limited enforcement resources of the FDA, the U.S. Customs and Border Protection and other government agencies. For example, Public Law Number 111-83, which was signed into law in October 2009 and provided appropriations for the Department of Homeland Security for the 2010 fiscal year, expressly prohibits the U.S. Customs and Border Protection from using funds to prevent individuals from importing from Canada less than a 90-day supply of a prescription drug for personal use, when the drug otherwise complies with the FFDCA. In addition, certain state and local governments have implemented importation schemes for their citizens and, in the absence of federal action to curtail such activities, other states and local governments may also launch importation efforts.

The importation of foreign products adversely affects our profitability in the United States. This impact could become more significant in the future, and the impact could be even greater if there is a further change in the law or if state or local governments take further steps to import products from abroad.

Our ownership of real property and the operation of our business will continue to expose us to risks of environmental liabilities.

Under various U.S. federal, state and local environmental laws, ordinances and regulations, a current or previous owner or operator of real property may be liable for the cost of removal or remediation of hazardous or toxic substances on, under or in such property. Such laws often impose liability whether or not the owner or operator knew of, or was responsible for, the presence of such hazardous or toxic substances. Environmental laws also may impose restrictions on the manner in which property may be used or the businesses that may be operated, and these restrictions may require expenditures. Environmental laws provide for sanctions in the event of noncompliance and may be enforced by governmental agencies or, in certain circumstances, by private parties. In connection with the acquisition and ownership of our properties, we may be potentially liable for such costs. The cost of defending against claims of liability, complying with environmental regulatory requirements or remediating any contaminated property could have a material adverse effect on our business, assets or results of operations. Any costs or expenses relating to environmental matters may not be covered by insurance.

Our product development programs and manufacturing processes involve the controlled use of hazardous materials, chemicals and toxic compounds. These programs and processes expose us to risks that an accidental contamination could lead to noncompliance with environmental laws, regulatory enforcement actions and claims for personal injury and property damage. If an accident or environmental discharge occurs, or if we discover contamination caused by prior operations, including by prior owners and operators of properties we acquire, we could be liable for cleanup obligations, damages and fines. The substantial unexpected costs we may incur could have a significant and adverse effect on our business and results of operations.

A disruption at certain of our manufacturing sites would significantly interrupt our production capabilities, which could result in significant product delays and adversely affect our results.

Certain of our products are produced at single manufacturing facilities, including Restasis ® , our breast implant products, our obesity intervention products and our dermal filler products. In addition, we manufacture Botox ® at two structurally separate facilities located adjacent to one another at a single site. We face risks inherent in manufacturing our products at a single facility or at a single site. These risks include the possibility that our manufacturing processes could be partially or completely disrupted by a fire, natural disaster, terrorist

 

38


Table of Contents

attack, foreign governmental action or military action. In the case of a disruption, we may need to establish alternative manufacturing sources for these products. This would likely lead to substantial production delays as we build or locate replacement facilities and seek and obtain the necessary regulatory approvals. If this occurs, and our finished goods inventories are insufficient to meet demand, we may be unable to satisfy customer orders on a timely basis, if at all. Further, our business interruption insurance may not adequately compensate us for any losses that may occur and we would have to bear the additional cost of any disruption. For these reasons, a significant disruptive event at certain of our manufacturing facilities or sites could materially and adversely affect our business and results of operations.

We may experience losses due to product liability claims, product recalls or corrections.

The design, development, manufacture and sale of our products involve an inherent risk of product liability or other claims by consumers and other third parties. We have in the past been, and continue to be, subject to various product liability claims and lawsuits. In addition, we have in the past and may in the future recall or issue field corrections related to our products due to manufacturing deficiencies, labeling errors or other safety or regulatory reasons. We cannot assure you that we will not in the future experience material losses due to product liability claims, lawsuits, product recalls or corrections.

As part of the Inamed acquisition, we assumed Inamed’s product liability risks, including any product liability for its past and present manufacturing of breast implant products. The manufacture and sale of breast implant products has been and continues to be the subject of a significant number of product liability claims due to allegations that the medical devices cause disease or result in complications, rare lymphomas and other health conditions due to rupture, deflation or other product failure. Historically, other breast implant manufacturers that suffered such claims in the 1990’s were forced to cease operations or even to declare bankruptcy.

Additionally, recent FDA marketing approval for our silicone breast implants requires that:

 

   

we monitor patients in our core study out to 10 years even if there has been explantation of the core device without replacement;

 

   

patients in the core study receive magnetic resonance imaging tests, or MRIs, at seven and nine years;

 

   

we conduct a large, 10-year post-approval study;

 

   

we monitor patients in our adjunct study through the patients’ 5-year evaluation; and

 

   

we conduct additional smaller evaluations, including a focus group aimed at ensuring patients are adequately informed about the risks of our silicone breast implants and that the format and content of patient labeling is adequate.

We are seeking marketing approval for other silicone breast implants in the United States, and if we obtain this approval, it may similarly be subject to significant restrictions and requirements, including the need for a patient registry, follow up MRIs and substantial post-market clinical trial commitments.

We also face a substantial risk of product liability claims from our eye care, neuromodulator, urology, skin care, obesity intervention and facial aesthetics products. Additionally, our pharmaceutical and medical device products may cause, or may appear to cause, serious adverse side effects or potentially dangerous drug interactions if misused, improperly prescribed, improperly implanted or based on faulty surgical technique. We are subject to adverse event reporting regulations that require us to report to the FDA or similar bodies in other countries if our products are associated with a death or serious injury. These adverse events, among others, could result in additional regulatory controls, such as the performance of costly post-approval clinical studies or revisions to our approved labeling, which could limit the indications or patient population for our products or could even lead to the withdrawal of a product from the market. Furthermore, any adverse publicity associated with such an event could cause consumers to seek alternatives to our products, which may cause our sales to decline, even if our products are ultimately determined not to have been the primary cause of the event.

 

39


Table of Contents

Negative publicity concerning the safety of our products may harm our sales, force us to withdraw products and cause a decline in our stock price.

Physicians and potential and existing patients may have a number of concerns about the safety of our products, including Botox ® , breast implants, eye care pharmaceuticals, urologics products, skin care products, obesity intervention products and facial dermal fillers, whether or not such concerns have a basis in generally accepted science or peer-reviewed scientific research. These concerns may be increased by negative publicity, even if the publicity is inaccurate. For example, consumer groups and certain plaintiffs have alleged that certain uses of Botox ® , including off-label uses, have caused patient injuries and death and have further alleged that we failed to adequately warn patients of the risks relating to Botox ® use. In addition, recent reports have suggested a possible association between anaplastic large cell lymphoma, or ALCL, and breast implants. In January 2011, the FDA released preliminary findings and analysis regarding recent reports in the scientific community that have suggested a possible association between saline and silicone gel-filled breast implants and anaplastic large cell lymphoma, or ALCL, a very rare form of cancer. The FDA believes that, based on its review of limited scientific data, women with breast implants may have a very small but increased risk of developing ALCL in the scar capsule adjacent to the implant. Negative publicity — whether accurate or inaccurate — about the efficacy, safety or side effects of our products or product categories, whether involving us or a competitor, or new government regulations, could materially reduce market acceptance of our products, cause consumers to seek alternatives to our products, result in product withdrawals and cause our stock price to decline. Negative publicity could also result in an increased number of product liability claims, whether or not these claims have a basis in scientific fact.

Health care initiatives and other third-party payor cost-containment pressures could impose financial burdens or cause us to sell our products at lower prices, resulting in decreased revenues.

Some of our products are purchased or reimbursed by federal and state government authorities, private health insurers and other organizations, such as health maintenance organizations, or HMOs, and managed care organizations, or MCOs. Third-party payors increasingly challenge pharmaceutical and other medical device product pricing. There also continues to be a trend toward managed health care in the United States. Pricing pressures by third-party payors and the growth of organizations such as HMOs and MCOs could result in lower prices and a reduction in demand for our products.

In addition, legislative and regulatory proposals and enactments to reform health care and government insurance programs could significantly influence the manner in which pharmaceutical products, biologic products and medical devices are prescribed and purchased. In March 2010, the President of the United States signed the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act, collectively, the PPACA, which substantially changes the way health care is financed by both governmental and private insurers, subjects biologic products to potential competition by lower-cost biosimilars, and significantly impacts the U.S. pharmaceutical and medical device industries. Among other things, the PPACA:

 

   

Establishes a licensure framework for biosimilar products;

 

   

Establishes a new Patient-Centered Outcomes Research Institute to oversee, identify priorities in and conduct comparative clinical effectiveness research;

 

   

Increases minimum Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, retroactive to January 1, 2010, to 23.1 percent and 13 percent of the average manufacturer price, or AMP, for branded and generic drugs, respectively;

 

   

Expands manufacturers’ rebate responsibilities for outpatient drugs by extending the 340B program to additional providers including certain children’s hospitals, free-standing cancer hospitals, critical access hospitals, rural referral centers and sole community hospitals, effective January 2010;

 

40


Table of Contents
   

Extends manufacturers’ Medicaid rebate liability to covered drugs dispensed to individuals who are enrolled in Medicaid managed care organizations, effective March 23, 2010;

 

   

Expands eligibility criteria for Medicaid programs by, among other things, allowing states to offer Medicaid coverage to additional individuals beginning April 2010 and by adding new mandatory eligibility categories for certain individuals with income at or below 133 percent of the Federal Poverty Level beginning 2014, thereby potentially increasing manufacturers’ Medicaid rebate liability;

 

   

Redefines a number of terms used to determine Medicaid drug rebate liability, including average manufacturer price and retail community pharmacy, effective October 2010;

 

   

Requires manufacturers to participate in a coverage gap discount program, under which they must agree to offer 50 percent point-of-sale discounts off negotiated prices of applicable brand drugs to eligible beneficiaries during their coverage gap period, as a condition for the manufacturer’s outpatient drugs to be covered under Medicare Part D, beginning January 2011;

 

   

Establishes annual, non-deductible fees on any entity that manufactures or imports certain branded prescription drugs and biologics, beginning January 2011; and

 

   

Establishes a deductible excise tax on any entity that manufactures or imports certain medical devices offered for sale in the United States, beginning 2013.

The PPACA provisions on comparative clinical effectiveness research extend the initiatives of the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, also known as the stimulus package, which included $1.1 billion in funding to study the comparative effectiveness of health care treatments and strategies. This stimulus funding was designated for, among other things, conducting, supporting or synthesizing research that compares and evaluates the risks and benefits, clinical outcomes, effectiveness and appropriateness of products. The PPACA also appropriates additional funding to comparative clinical effectiveness research. Although Congress has indicated that this funding is intended to improve the quality of health care, it remains unclear how the research will impact current Medicare coverage and reimbursement or how new information will influence other third-party payor policies. We expect that the PPACA, as well as other health care reform measures that may be adopted in the future, could have a material adverse effect on our industry generally and our ability to successfully commercialize our products or could limit or eliminate our spending on certain development projects.

Title VII of the PPACA, the Biologics Price Competition and Innovation Act of 2009, or BPCIA, creates a new licensure framework for biosimilar products, which could ultimately subject our biologic products, including Botox ® , to competition. Under the BPCIA, a manufacturer may submit an application for licensure of a biologic product that is “biosimilar to” or “interchangeable with” a referenced, branded biologic product. Previously, there had been no licensure pathway for such a follow-on product. While we do not anticipate that the FDA will license a biosimilar of Botox ® for several years, given the need to generate data sufficient to demonstrate “biosimilarity” to or “interchangeability” with the branded biologic according to the criteria set forth in the BPCIA, as well as the need for the FDA to implement the BPCIA’s provisions with respect to particular classes of biologic products, we note that the FDA held a public meeting in November, 2010 to seek stakeholder input on the subject and has the authority to approve biosimilar products whether or not the Agency first publishes guidance or promulgates regulations for biosimilar applicants. We cannot guarantee that our biologic products such as Botox ® will not eventually become subject to direct competition by a licensed biosimilar.

Other legislative and regulatory reform measures, including the Medicare Prescription Drug, Improvement, and Modernization Act of 2003, or MMA, the Deficit Reduction Act of 2005, or DRA, and the Hospital Outpatient Prospective Payment System, or HOPPS, continue to significantly influence how our products are priced and reimbursed. For example, effective January 1, 2006, the MMA established a new Medicare outpatient prescription drug benefit under Part D. Further, among other things, the DRA required states to collect drug utilization data for single source drugs and certain multiple source drugs administered by physicians as a

 

41


Table of Contents

condition of federal financial participation to be available for the drugs, and required the Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services, or CMS, the federal agency that both administers the Medicare program and administers and oversees the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, to amend certain formulas used to calculate pharmacy reimbursement and rebates under Medicaid and to publish final regulations. In July 2007, CMS issued a final rule that, among other things, clarifies and changes how drug manufacturers must calculate and report key pricing data under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program. This data is used by CMS and state Medicaid agencies to calculate rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program and to calculate the federal upper limits on cost-sharing for certain prescription drugs. In December 2007, following a judicial challenge brought by a national association of pharmacies, a federal judge ordered an injunction that prevents CMS from implementing portions of its July 2007 final rule, as they affect Medicaid payments to pharmacies and the sharing by CMS of certain drug pricing data. In addition, the Medicare Improvements for Patients and Providers Act of 2008, or MIPPA, which was passed in July 2008, delayed the implementation dates of these portions of the July 2007 Medicaid final rule. The MIPPA prohibited the computation of Medicaid payments based on AMP and the public availability of AMP data through September 2009. The PPACA made certain changes that directly affect the provisions that were enjoined. Under the PPACA, key terms used for calculating manufacturer rebates and Medicaid payments for drugs, including AMP, have been redefined. The PPACA also made certain changes to establish adequate pharmacy reimbursement and limited the AMP information that may be publicly disclosed to weighted averages of multiple source drugs. These changes went into effect on October 1, 2010. At this time, uncertainties remain as to how the PPACA will be fully implemented and the extent to which such implementation could lead to reduced payments to pharmacies and others dispensing prescriptions for certain pharmaceutical products. These and other cost containment measures and health care reforms could adversely affect our ability to sell our products.

Furthermore, effective January 1, 2008, CMS reduced Medicare reimbursement for most separately payable physician-administered drugs under the hospital outpatient prospective payment system from an average sales price plus six percent to plus five percent. An additional reduction to average sales price plus four percent went into effect January 1, 2009, which continued for 2010. For calendar year 2011, CMS increased Medicare reimbursement to average sales price plus five percent, but further reductions may be imposed in the future.

Other recent federal regulatory changes include a final rule issued by the U.S. Department of Defense, or DoD, placing pricing limits on certain branded pharmaceutical products. Under the rule, effective May 26, 2009, payments made to retail pharmacies under the TRICARE Retail Pharmacy Program for prescriptions filled on or after January 28, 2008 are subject to certain price ceilings utilized by other DoD programs. Pursuant to the final rule and as a condition for placement on the Uniform Formulary, manufacturers are required, among other things, to modify their existing contracts with the DoD and to make refunds for prescriptions filled beginning on January 28, 2008 and extending to future periods based on the newly applicable price limits. The refunds required by the rule exempt certain prescriptions covered by manufacturer requests for a waiver. On October 15, 2010, the DoD issued a final rule, effective December 27, 2010, pursuant to which the DoD collects refunds as the means to subject prescriptions to the price ceilings and can take action against a manufacturer for failure to honor a requirement of the regulation or an agreement under the regulation. The new rule no longer penalizes manufacturers for failure to make an agreement with the DoD, because manufacturers may voluntarily elect not to participate in the TRICARE Pharmacy Benefits Program for any particular drug. Further, on October 26, 2010, the U.S. Government Accountability Office issued a report concluding that the DoD complied with the applicable procedural requirements in implementing the final rule. The issue of DoD’s statutory authority to impose retroactive and prospective liability through refunds is on appeal.

In addition, individual states have also become increasingly aggressive in passing legislation and implementing regulations designed to control pharmaceutical product pricing, including price or patient reimbursement constraints, discounts, restrictions on certain product access, and to encourage importation from other countries and bulk purchasing. Legally-mandated price controls on payment amounts by third-party payors or other restrictions could negatively and materially impact our revenues and financial condition.

 

42


Table of Contents

We expect there will continue to be federal and state laws and/or regulations, proposed and implemented, that could limit the amounts that federal and state governments will pay for health care products and services. The extent to which future legislation or regulations, if any, relating to the health care industry or third-party coverage and reimbursement may be enacted or what effect such legislation or regulation would have on our business remains uncertain.

Furthermore, regional health care authorities and individual hospitals are increasingly using bidding procedures to determine what pharmaceutical and medical device products and which suppliers will be included in their prescription drug and other health care programs. This can reduce demand for our products or put pressure on our product pricing, which could negatively affect our revenues and profitability.

Our ability to sell our products to hospitals in the United States also depends in part on our relationships with group purchasing organizations, or GPOs. Many existing and potential customers for our products become members of GPOs. GPOs negotiate pricing arrangements and contracts, sometimes on an exclusive basis, with medical supply manufacturers and distributors, and these negotiated prices are made available to a GPO’s affiliated hospitals and other members. If we are not one of the providers selected by a GPO, affiliated hospitals and other members may be less likely to purchase our products, and if the GPO has negotiated a strict sole source, market share compliance or bundling contract for another manufacturer’s products, we may be precluded from making sales to members of the GPO for the duration of the contractual arrangement. Our failure to renew contracts with GPOs may cause us to lose market share and could have a material adverse effect on our sales, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure you that we will be able to renew these contracts at the current or substantially similar terms. If we are unable to keep our relationships and develop new relationships with GPOs, our competitive position would likely suffer.

We encounter similar legislative, regulatory and pricing issues in most countries outside the United States. International operations are generally subject to extensive governmental price controls and other market regulations, and we believe the increasing emphasis on cost-containment initiatives in Europe and other countries has and will continue to put pressure on the price and usage of our pharmaceutical and medical device products. Although we cannot predict the extent to which our business may be affected by future cost-containment measures or other potential legislative or regulatory developments, additional foreign price controls or other changes in pricing regulation could restrict the amount that we are able to charge for our current and future products, which could adversely affect our revenue and results of operations.

We are subject to risks arising from currency exchange rates, which could increase our costs and may cause our profitability to decline.

We collect and pay a substantial portion of our sales and expenditures in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. Therefore, fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates affect our operating results. We cannot assure you that future exchange rate movements, inflation or other related factors will not have a material adverse effect on our sales or operating expenses.

We are subject to risks associated with doing business internationally.

Our business is subject to certain risks inherent in international business, many of which are beyond our control. These risks include, among other things:

 

   

adverse changes in tariff and trade protection measures;

 

   

reductions in the reimbursement amounts we receive for our products from foreign governments and foreign insurance providers;

 

   

unexpected changes in foreign regulatory requirements, including quality standards and other certification requirements;

 

43


Table of Contents
   

potentially negative consequences from changes in or interpretations of tax laws;

 

   

differing labor regulations;

 

   

changing economic conditions in countries where our products are sold or manufactured or in other countries;

 

   

differing local product preferences and product requirements;

 

   

exchange rate risks;

 

   

restrictions on the repatriation of funds;

 

   

political unrest and hostilities;

 

   

product liability, intellectual property and other claims;

 

   

differing quality control standards and assays;

 

   

new export license requirements;

 

   

differing degrees of protection for intellectual property; and

 

   

difficulties in coordinating and managing foreign operations, including ensuring that foreign operations comply with foreign laws as well as U.S. laws applicable to U.S. companies with foreign operations, such as export laws and the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, or FCPA.

Any of these factors, or any other international factors, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations. We cannot assure you that we can successfully manage these risks or avoid their effects.

The consolidation of drug wholesalers and other wholesaler actions could increase competitive and pricing pressures on pharmaceutical manufacturers, including us.

We sell our pharmaceutical products primarily through wholesalers. These wholesale customers comprise a significant part of the distribution network for pharmaceutical products in the United States. This distribution network is continuing to undergo significant consolidation. As a result, a smaller number of large wholesale distributors control a significant share of the market. We expect that consolidation of drug wholesalers will increase competitive and pricing pressures on pharmaceutical manufacturers, including us. In addition, wholesalers may apply pricing pressure through fee-for-service arrangements, and their purchases may exceed customer demand, resulting in reduced wholesaler purchases in later quarters. We cannot assure you that we can manage these pressures or that wholesaler purchases will not decrease as a result of this potential excess buying.

Our failure to attract and retain key managerial, technical, scientific, selling and marketing personnel could adversely affect our business.

Our success depends upon our retention of key managerial, technical, scientific, selling and marketing personnel. The loss of the services of key personnel might significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our development and strategic objectives.

We must continue to attract, train and retain managerial, technical, scientific, selling and marketing personnel. Competition for such highly skilled employees in our industry is high, and we cannot be certain that we will be successful in recruiting or retaining such personnel. We also believe that our success depends to a significant extent on the ability of our key personnel to operate effectively, both individually and as a group. If we are unable to identify, hire and integrate new employees in a timely and cost-effective manner, our operating results may suffer.

 

44


Table of Contents

Acquisitions of technologies, products, and businesses could disrupt our business, involve increased expenses and present risks not contemplated at the time of the transactions.

As part of our business strategy, we regularly consider and, as appropriate, make acquisitions of technologies, products and businesses that we believe are complementary to our business. Acquisitions typically entail many risks and could result in difficulties in integrating the operations, personnel, technologies and products acquired, some of which may result in significant charges to earnings. Issues that must be addressed in integrating the acquired technologies, products and businesses into our own include:

 

   

conforming standards, controls, procedures and policies, business cultures and compensation structures;

 

   

conforming information technology and accounting systems;

 

   

consolidating corporate and administrative infrastructures;

 

   

consolidating sales and marketing operations;

 

   

retaining existing customers and attracting new customers;

 

   

retaining key employees;

 

   

identifying and eliminating redundant and underperforming operations and assets;

 

   

minimizing the diversion of management’s attention from ongoing business concerns;

 

   

coordinating geographically dispersed organizations;

 

   

managing tax costs or inefficiencies associated with integrating operations; and

 

   

making any necessary modifications to operating control standards to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

If we are unable to successfully integrate our acquisitions with our existing business, we may not obtain the advantages that the acquisitions were intended to create, which may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows, our ability to develop and introduce new products and the market price of our stock. Actual costs and sales synergies, if achieved at all, may be lower than we expect and may take longer to achieve than we anticipate. In connection with acquisitions, we could experience disruption in our business or employee base, or key employees of companies that we acquire may seek employment elsewhere, including with our competitors. Furthermore, the products of companies we acquire may overlap with our products or those of our customers, creating conflicts with existing relationships or with other commitments that are detrimental to the integrated businesses.

Compliance with the extensive government regulations to which we are subject is expensive and time consuming, and may result in the delay or cancellation of product sales, introductions or modifications.

Extensive industry regulation has had, and will continue to have, a significant impact on our business, especially our product development and manufacturing capabilities. All companies that manufacture, market and distribute pharmaceuticals and medical devices, including us, are subject to extensive, complex, costly and evolving regulation by federal governmental authorities, principally by the FDA and the U.S. Drug Enforcement Administration, or DEA, and similar foreign and state government agencies. Failure to comply with the regulatory requirements of the FDA, DEA and other comparable U.S. and foreign regulatory agencies may subject a company to administrative or judicially imposed sanctions, including, among others, a refusal to approve a pending application to market a new product or a new indication for an existing product. The FFDCA, the Controlled Substances Act and other domestic and foreign statutes and regulations govern or influence the research, testing, manufacturing, packing, labeling, storing, record keeping, safety, effectiveness, approval, advertising, promotion, sale and distribution of our products.

 

45


Table of Contents

Under certain of these regulations, we are subject to periodic inspection of our facilities, production processes and control operations and/or the testing of our products by the FDA, the DEA and other authorities, to confirm that we are in compliance with all applicable regulations, including the FDA’s cGMPs, with respect to drug and biologic products, and the FDA’s QSR, with respect to medical device products. The FDA conducts pre-approval and post-approval reviews and plant inspections of us and our direct and indirect suppliers to determine whether our record keeping, production processes and controls, personnel and quality control are in compliance with the cGMPs, the QSR and other FDA regulations. We are also required to perform extensive audits of our vendors, contract laboratories and suppliers to ensure that they are compliant with these requirements. In addition, in order to commercialize our products or new indications for an existing product, we must demonstrate that the product or new indication is safe and effective, and that our and our suppliers’ manufacturing facilities are compliant with applicable regulations, to the satisfaction of the FDA and other regulatory agencies.

The process for obtaining governmental approval to manufacture and to commercialize pharmaceutical and medical device products is rigorous, costly and typically takes many years, and we cannot predict the extent to which we may be affected by intervening legislative and regulatory developments. We are dependent on receiving FDA and other governmental approvals prior to manufacturing, marketing and distributing our products. We may fail to obtain approval from the FDA or other governmental authorities for our product candidates, or we may experience delays in obtaining such approvals, due to varying interpretations of data or our failure to satisfy rigorous efficacy, safety and manufacturing quality standards. Consequently, there is always a risk that the FDA or other applicable governmental authorities will not approve our products, or will take post-approval action limiting or revoking our ability to sell our products, or that the rate, timing and cost of such approvals will adversely affect our product introduction plans, results of operations and stock price. Despite the time and expense exerted, regulatory approval is never guaranteed.

Even after we obtain regulatory approval or clearance for a product candidate or new indication, we are subject to extensive additional regulation, including implementation of REMS programs, completion of post-marketing clinical studies mandated by the FDA, and compliance with regulations relating to labeling, advertising, marketing and promotion, as well as regulations governing manufacturing controls noted above. In addition, we are subject to adverse event reporting regulations that require us to report to the FDA if our products are associated with a death or serious injury. If we or any third party that we involve in the testing, packaging, manufacture, labeling, marketing and distribution of our products fail to comply with any such regulations, we may be subject to, among other things, warning letters, product seizures, recalls, fines or other civil penalties, injunctions, suspension or revocation of approvals, operating restrictions and/or criminal prosecution.

In the past few years, the FDA has increased its enforcement activities related to the advertising and promotion of pharmaceutical, biological and medical device products. In particular, the FDA has expressed concern regarding the pharmaceutical and medical device industry’s compliance with the agency’s regulations and guidance governing direct-to-consumer advertising, and has increased its scrutiny of such promotional materials. The FDA may limit or, with respect to certain products, terminate our dissemination of direct-to-consumer advertisements in the future, which could cause sales of those products to decline. Physicians may prescribe pharmaceutical and biologic products, and utilize medical device products for uses that are not described in the product’s labeling or differ from those tested by us and approved or cleared by the FDA. While such off-label uses are common and the FDA does not regulate a physician’s practice of medicine, the FDA takes the position that a manufacturer’s communications regarding an approved product’s off-label uses are restricted by federal statutes, FDA regulations and other governmental communications. For example, the FDA issued final guidelines on January 13, 2009 setting forth “good reprint practices” for drug and medical device manufacturers, which provide detailed requirements drug and device companies must follow when disseminating journal articles and referencing publications describing off-label uses of their approved products to health care professionals and entities. The standards associated with such laws and rules are complex, not well defined or articulated and are subject to conflicting interpretations. If, in the view of the FDA or other governmental agency, our promotional

activities fail to comply with applicable laws, regulations, guidelines or interpretations, we may be subject to enforcement actions by the FDA or other governmental enforcement authorities.

 

46


Table of Contents

From time to time, legislative or regulatory proposals are introduced that could alter the review and approval process relating to our products. For example, in response to industry and healthcare provider concerns regarding the predictability, consistency and rigor of the 510(k) regulatory pathway, the FDA initiated an evaluation of the program, and on January 19, 2011, announced 25 actions that the FDA intends to implement during 2011 to reform the review process governing the clearance of medical devices. Among these actions, the FDA plans to issue multiple guidance to industry clarifying submission requirements. It is possible that the FDA or other governmental authorities will issue additional regulations further restricting the sale of our present or proposed products. Any change in legislation or regulations that govern the review and approval process relating to our current and future products could make it more difficult and costly to obtain approval for new products, or to produce, market and distribute existing products.

Compliance with the requirements of domestic and international laws and regulations pertaining to the privacy and security of health information may be time consuming, difficult and costly, and if we are unable to or fail to comply, our business may be adversely affected.

We are subject to various domestic and international privacy and security regulations, including but not limited to the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996, as amended by the Health Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act of 2009, or HIPAA. HIPAA mandates, among other things, the adoption of uniform standards for the electronic exchange of information in common health care transactions (e.g., health care claims information and plan eligibility, referral certification and authorization, claims status, plan enrollment, coordination of benefits and related information), as well as standards relating to the privacy and security of individually identifiable health information, which require the adoption of administrative, physical and technical safeguards to protect such information. In addition, many states have enacted comparable laws addressing the privacy and security of health information, some of which are more stringent than HIPAA. Failure to comply with these laws can result in the imposition of significant civil and criminal penalties. The costs of compliance with these laws and potential liability associated with failure to do so could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

If we market products in a manner that violates health care fraud and abuse laws, we may be subject to civil or criminal penalties.

The federal health care program Anti-Kickback Statute prohibits, among other things, knowingly and willfully offering, paying, soliciting or receiving remuneration to induce or in return for purchasing, leasing, ordering or arranging for the purchase, lease or order of any health care item or service reimbursable under Medicare, Medicaid or other federally financed health care programs. This statute has been interpreted to apply to arrangements between pharmaceutical or medical device manufacturers, on the one hand, and prescribers, purchasers and formulary managers, on the other hand. Further, the PPACA, among other things, amends the intent requirement of the federal anti-kickback and criminal health care fraud statutes. A person or entity no longer needs to have actual knowledge of this statute or specific intent to violate it. In addition, the PPACA provides that the government may assert that a claim including items or services resulting from a violation of the federal anti-kickback statute constitutes a false or fraudulent claim for purposes of the false claims statutes. Although there are a number of statutory exemptions and regulatory safe harbors protecting certain common activities from prosecution, the exemptions and safe harbors are drawn narrowly, and practices that involve remuneration could be subject to scrutiny if they do not qualify for an exemption or safe harbor.

The PPACA also imposes new reporting and disclosure requirements on device and drug manufacturers for any “transfer of value” made or distributed to prescribers and other healthcare providers, effective March 30, 2013. Such information will be made publicly available in a searchable format beginning September 30, 2013. In addition, device and drug manufacturers will also be required to report and disclose any investment interests held by physicians and their immediate family members during the preceding calendar year. Failure to submit required information may result in civil monetary penalties of up to an aggregate of $150,000 per year (and up to an aggregate of $1 million per year for “knowing failures”), for all payments, transfers of value or ownership or

 

47


Table of Contents

investment interests not reported in an annual submission. Finally, under the PPACA, effective April 1, 2012, pharmaceutical manufacturers and distributors must provide the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services with an annual report on the drug samples they provide to physicians.

Federal false claims laws prohibit any person from knowingly presenting, or causing to be presented, a false claim for payment to the federal government, or knowingly making, or causing to be made, a false statement to get a false claim paid. Pharmaceutical companies have been prosecuted under these laws for a variety of alleged promotional and marketing activities, such as allegedly providing free product to customers with the expectation that the customers would bill federal programs for the product; reporting to pricing services inflated average wholesale prices that were then used by federal programs to set reimbursement rates; engaging in off-label promotion that caused claims to be submitted to Medicaid for non-covered off-label uses; and submitting inflated best price information to the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program.

The HIPAA created two new federal crimes: health care fraud and false statements relating to health care matters. The health care fraud statute prohibits knowingly and willfully executing a scheme to defraud any health care benefit program, including private payors. The false statements statute prohibits knowingly and willfully falsifying, concealing or covering up a material fact or making any materially false, fictitious or fraudulent statement in connection with the delivery of or payment for health care benefits, items or services.

The majority of states also have statutes or regulations similar to these federal laws, which apply to items and services reimbursed under Medicaid and other state programs, or, in several states, apply regardless of the payor. In addition, some states have laws that require pharmaceutical companies to adopt comprehensive compliance programs. For example, under California law, pharmaceutical companies must adopt a comprehensive compliance program that is in accordance with both the April 2003 Office of Inspector General Compliance Program Guidance for Pharmaceutical Manufacturers, or OIG Guidance, and the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America Code on Interactions with Healthcare Professionals, or the PhRMA Code, as updated in July 2008 and effective in January 2009. The PhRMA Code seeks to promote transparency in relationships between health care professionals and the pharmaceutical industry and to ensure that pharmaceutical marketing activities comport with the highest ethical standards. The most recent revisions to the PhRMA Code, effective January 2009, restrict or prohibit many activities previously permissible under the prior PhRMA Code, including: a prohibition on any entertainment or recreational events for non-employee health care professionals including strict limitations on meals with physicians; the elimination of non-educational business gifts; restrictions on speaker programs; and clarifications on continuing medical education funding. The updated PhRMA Code also requires that pharmaceutical companies train their representatives on all applicable laws, regulations and industry codes governing interactions with health care professionals. In addition, the Advanced Medical Technology Association’s Revised Code of Ethics, or the AdvaMed Code, also seeks to ensure that medical device companies and health care professionals have collaborative relationships that meet high ethical standards; medical decisions are based on the best interests of patients; and medical device companies and health care professionals comply with applicable laws, regulations and government guidance. The AdvaMed Code was updated in December 2008 and became effective in July 2009. The revisions generally follow the 2008 changes in the PhRMA Code and include limitations on consulting arrangements, entertainment, and meals and gifts, among others. We have adopted and implemented a compliance program which we believe satisfies the requirements of these laws, regulations and industry codes.

Sanctions under these federal and state laws may include civil monetary penalties, mandatory compliance programs, exclusion of a manufacturer’s products from reimbursement under government programs, criminal fines and imprisonment. Because of the breadth of these laws and the narrowness of the safe harbors, it is possible that some of our business activities could be subject to challenge under one or more of such laws. For example, we and several other pharmaceutical companies are currently subject to suits by governmental entities in several jurisdictions, including Erie, Oswego and Schenectady Counties in New York and in Alabama alleging that we and these other companies, through promotional, discounting and pricing practices, reported false and inflated average wholesale prices or wholesale acquisition costs and failed to report best prices as required by

 

48


Table of Contents

federal and state rebate statutes, resulting in the plaintiffs overpaying for certain medications. If our past or present operations are found to be in violation of any of the laws described above or other similar governmental regulations to which we are subject, we may be subject to the applicable penalty associated with the violation which could adversely affect our ability to operate our business and our financial results.

We remain subject to government investigations and related subpoenas. Such subpoenas are often associated with previously filed qui tam actions, or lawsuits filed under seal under the False Claims Act, or FCA, 31 U.S.C. § 3729 et seq. Qui tam actions are brought by private plaintiffs suing on behalf of the federal government for alleged FCA violations. The time and expense associated with responding to such subpoenas, and any related qui tam or other actions, may be extensive, and we cannot predict the results of our review of the responsive documents and underlying facts or the results of such actions. The costs of responding to government investigations, defending any claims raised, and any resulting fines, restitution, damages and penalties (including under the FCA), settlement payments or administrative actions, as well as any related actions brought by stockholders or other third parties, could have a material impact on our reputation, business and financial condition and divert the attention of our management from operating our business.

In September 2009, we received service of process of an Investigative Demand from the Department of Justice for the State of Oregon requesting the production of documents relating to our sales and marketing practices in connection with Aczone ® . In December 2009, we produced documents in response to the Investigative Demand.

In June 2010, we received service of process of a Subpoena from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The subpoena requests the production of documents relating to our affiliation with Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Acadia, and our sale of Acadia securities. In September 2010, we produced documents responsive to the Subpoena. In January 2011, the SEC issued additional Subpoenas seeking further information, which was provided in February 2011.

In December 2010, we received service of process of a Subpoena Duces Tecum from the State of New York, Office of the Medicaid Inspector General. The subpoena requests the production of documents relating to our Eye Care Business Advisor Group, Allergan Access, and BSM Connect for Ophthalmology.

In February 2011, we received service of a Civil Investigative Demand from the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York, Civil Frauds Unit. The Investigative Demand requests the production of documents and responses to written interrogatories relating to our best prices provided to Medicaid for certain of our ophthalmic products.

In March 2008, we received service of a Subpoena Duces Tecum from the U.S. Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice, or DOJ, for the Northern District of Georgia requesting the production of documents relating to our sales and marketing practices in connection with certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® . In September 2010, we announced that we reached a resolution with the DOJ, or the DOJ Settlement, regarding our alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® . As part of the DOJ Settlement, we entered into a five-year Corporate Integrity Agreement with the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services. Failure to comply with the terms of the Corporate Integrity Agreement could result in substantial civil or criminal penalties and being excluded from government health care programs, which could materially reduce our sales and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

We could be adversely affected by violations of the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and similar worldwide anti-bribery laws.

We are subject to the FCPA, which generally prohibits companies and their intermediaries from making payments to non-U.S. government officials for the purpose of obtaining or retaining business or securing any other improper advantage. We are also subject to anti-bribery laws in the jurisdictions in which we operate. Although we have policies and procedures designed to ensure that we, our employees and our agents comply with the FCPA and other anti-bribery laws, there is no assurance that such policies or procedures will protect us against liability under the FCPA or other laws for actions taken by our agents, employees and intermediaries with

 

49


Table of Contents

respect to our business or any businesses that we acquire. We do business in a number of countries in which FCPA violations have recently been enforced. Failure to comply with the FCPA, other anti-bribery laws or other laws governing the conduct of business with foreign government entities, including local laws, could disrupt our business and lead to severe criminal and civil penalties, including imprisonment, criminal and civil fines, loss of our export licenses, suspension of our ability to do business with the federal government, denial of government reimbursement for our products and exclusion from participation in government health care programs. Other remedial measures could include further changes or enhancements to our procedures, policies, and controls and potential personnel changes and/or disciplinary actions, any of which could have a material adverse affect on our business, financial condition, results of operations and liquidity. We could also be adversely affected by any allegation that we violated such laws.

If our collaborative partners do not perform, we will be unable to develop and market products as anticipated.

We have entered into collaborative arrangements with third parties to develop and market certain products, including our collaboration with MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc to develop and commercialize Levadex in the United States, our strategic development and license agreement with Serenity Pharmaceuticals, LLC, or Serenity, for the development and commercialization of Ser-120, our agreement with Stiefel to develop and commercialize new products that include tazarotene, our collaboration with Spectrum for the development and commercialization of apaziquone and our agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb for the development of an investigational neuropathic pain medicine. We cannot assure you that these collaborations will be successful, lead to additional sales of our products or lead to the creation of additional products. For instance, in 2010, Serenity’s Phase III clinical trials for the development and commercialization of Ser-120 failed to meet their primary efficacy endpoints and we are currently evaluating a revised clinical plan. If we fail to maintain our existing collaborative arrangements or fail to enter into additional collaborative arrangements, our licensing revenues and/or the number of products from which we could receive future revenues could decline.

Our dependence on collaborative arrangements with third parties subjects us to a number of risks. These collaborative arrangements may not be on terms favorable to us. Agreements with collaborative partners typically allow partners significant discretion in marketing our products or electing whether or not to pursue any of the planned activities. We cannot fully control the amount and timing of resources our collaborative partners may devote to products based on the collaboration, and our partners may choose to pursue alternative products to the detriment of our collaboration. In addition, our partners may not perform their obligations as expected. Company business combinations, significant changes in a collaborative partner’s business strategy, or its access to financial resources may adversely affect a partner’s willingness or ability to complete its obligations. Moreover, we could become involved in disputes with our partners, which could lead to delays or termination of the collaborations and time-consuming and expensive litigation or arbitration. Even if we fulfill our obligations under a collaborative agreement, our partner can terminate the agreement under certain circumstances. If any collaborative partners were to terminate or breach our agreements with them, or otherwise fail to complete their obligations in a timely manner, we could be materially and adversely affected.

Unanticipated changes in our tax rates or exposure to additional income tax liabilities could affect our profitability.

We are subject to income taxes in both the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our effective tax rate could be adversely affected by changes in the mix of earnings in countries with different statutory tax rates, changes in the valuation of deferred tax assets and liabilities, changes in tax laws and regulations, changes in our interpretations of tax laws, including pending tax law changes, changes in our manufacturing activities and changes in our future levels of research and development spending. In that regard, there have been a number of recent proposals, including by Congress and the Treasury as well as various government appointed and outside commissions, that could substantially impact the U.S. taxation of U.S.-based multinational corporations such as Allergan. In addition, we are subject to the continuous examination of our income tax returns by the Internal Revenue Service and other local, state and foreign tax authorities. We regularly assess the likelihood of outcomes resulting from these examinations to determine the adequacy of our estimated income tax liabilities. There can be

 

50


Table of Contents


no assurance that the outcomes from these continuous examinations will not have an adverse effect on our provision for income taxes and estimated income tax liabilities.

Changes in applicable tax laws may adversely affect sales or the profitability of Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, our dermal fillers or breast implants. Because Botox ® and Botox ® Cosmetic are pharmaceutical products and our dermal fillers and breast implants are medical devices, we generally do not collect or pay state sales or other tax on sales of Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, our dermal fillers or our breast implants. We could be required to collect and pay state sales or other tax associated with prior, current or future years on sales of Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, our dermal fillers or breast implants. In addition to any retroactive taxes and corresponding interest and penalties that could be assessed, if we were required to collect or pay state sales or other tax associated with current or future years on sales of Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, our dermal fillers or breast implants, our sales of, or our profitability from, Botox ® , Botox ® Cosmetic, our dermal fillers or breast implants could be adversely affected due to the increased cost associated with those products.

The terms of our debt agreements impose restrictions on us. Failure to comply with these restrictions could result in acceleration of our substantial debt. Were this to occur, we might not have, or be able to obtain, sufficient cash to pay our accelerated indebtedness.

Our total indebtedness as of December 31, 2010 was approximately $2,204.8 million. This indebtedness may limit our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which it operates and, consequently, place us at a competitive disadvantage to our competitors. The operating and financial restrictions and covenants in our debt agreements may adversely affect our ability to finance future operations or capital needs or to engage in new business activities. For example, our debt agreements restrict our ability to, among other things, incur liens or engage in sale lease-back transactions and engage in consolidations, mergers and asset sales.

In addition, our debt agreements include financial covenants that we maintain certain financial ratios. As a result of these covenants and ratios, we have certain limitations on the manner in which we can conduct our business, and we may be restricted from engaging in favorable business activities or financing future operations or capital needs. Accordingly, these restrictions may limit our ability to successfully operate our business. Failure to comply with the financial covenants or to maintain the financial ratios contained in our debt agreements could result in an event of default that could trigger acceleration of our indebtedness. We cannot assure you that our future operating results will be sufficient to ensure compliance with the covenants in our debt agreements or to remedy any such default. In addition, in the event of any default and related acceleration of obligations, we may not have or be able to obtain sufficient funds to make any accelerated payments.

Litigation may harm our business or otherwise distract our management.

Substantial, complex or extended litigation could cause us to incur large expenditures and distract our management. For example, lawsuits by employees, stockholders, customers or competitors could be very costly and substantially disrupt our business. Disputes from time to time with such companies or individuals are not uncommon, and we cannot assure you that we will always be able to resolve such disputes out of court or on terms favorable to us. See Item 3 of Part I of this report, “Legal Proceedings” and Note 13, “Legal Proceedings,” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules,” for information concerning our current litigation.

Our publicly-filed SEC reports are reviewed by the SEC from time to time and any significant changes required as a result of any such review may result in material liability to us and have a material adverse impact on the trading price of our common stock.

The reports of publicly-traded companies are subject to review by the SEC from time to time for the purpose of assisting companies in complying with applicable disclosure requirements and to enhance the overall effectiveness of companies’ public filings, and comprehensive reviews of such reports are now required at least

 

51


Table of Contents

every three years under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. SEC reviews may be initiated at any time. While we believe that our previously filed SEC reports comply, and we intend that all future reports will comply in all material respects with the published rules and regulations of the SEC, we could be required to modify or reformulate information contained in prior filings as a result of an SEC review. Any modification or reformulation of information contained in such reports could be significant and could result in material liability to us and have a material adverse impact on the trading price of our common stock.

 

Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

None.

 

Item 2. Properties

Our operations are conducted in owned and leased facilities located throughout the world. We believe our present facilities are adequate for our current needs. Our headquarters and primary administrative and research facilities, which we own, are located in Irvine, California. We own and lease additional facilities in California to provide administrative, research and raw material support, manufacturing, warehousing and distribution. We own one facility in Texas for manufacturing and warehousing. In connection with our 2010 acquisition of Serica, we produce clinical supplies of biodegradable silk-based scaffolds at a leased facility in Massachusetts.

Outside of the United States, we own, lease and operate various facilities for manufacturing and warehousing. Those facilities are located in Brazil, France, Ireland and Costa Rica. Other material facilities include leased facilities for administration in Australia, Brazil, Canada, France, Germany, Hong Kong, Ireland, Italy, Japan, Korea, Singapore, Spain and the United Kingdom.

 

Item 3. Legal Proceedings

We are involved in various lawsuits and claims arising in the ordinary course of business.

Clayworth v. Allergan, et al.

In August 2004, James Clayworth, R.Ph., doing business as Clayworth Pharmacy, filed a complaint entitled “Clayworth v. Allergan, et al .” in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Alameda. The complaint, as amended, named us and 12 other defendants and alleged unfair business practices, including a price fixing conspiracy relating to the reimportation of pharmaceuticals from Canada. The complaint sought damages, equitable relief, attorneys’ fees and costs. In January 2007, the court entered a notice of entry of judgment of dismissal against the plaintiffs, dismissing the plaintiffs’ complaint. On the same date, the plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal with the Court of Appeal of the State of California. In April 2007, the plaintiffs filed an opening brief with the court of appeal. The defendants filed their joint opposition in July 2007, and the plaintiffs filed their reply in August 2007. In May 2008, the court of appeal heard oral arguments and took the matter under submission. In July 2008, the court of appeal affirmed the superior court’s ruling, granting our motion for summary judgment. In August 2008, the plaintiffs filed a petition for rehearing with the court of appeal, which the court denied. In September 2008, the plaintiffs filed a petition for review with the Supreme Court of the State of California, which the supreme court granted in November 2008. In February 2009, the plaintiffs filed their opening brief on the merits with the supreme court and defendants filed their answer brief in May 2009. In June 2009, the plaintiffs filed their reply brief on the merits with the supreme court. In May 2010, the supreme court heard oral arguments. In July 2010, the supreme court reversed the court of appeal’s judgment and remanded the case to the superior court for further proceedings. In October 2010, plaintiffs filed a challenge to the assignment of this matter to the presiding judge alleging a conflict of interest. In November 2010, plaintiffs’ challenge was denied. In December 2010, plaintiffs filed a petition for writ of mandate in the Court of Appeal of the State of California seeking to overturn the order denying their challenge. In December 2010, the court of appeal denied the petition. In December 2010, plaintiffs filed a petition for review with the Supreme Court of the State of California. In January 2011, the court set trial for August 1, 2011. In February 2011, the supreme court denied plaintiffs’ petition for review.

 

52


Table of Contents

Allergan, Inc. v. Cayman Chemical Company, et al.

In November 2007, we filed a complaint captioned “Allergan, Inc. v. Cayman Chemical Company, Jan Marini Skin Research, Inc., Athena Cosmetics, Inc., Dermaquest, Inc., Intuit Beauty, Inc., Civic Center Pharmacy and Photomedex, Inc.” in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. In the complaint, we allege that the defendants are infringing U.S. Patent No. 6,262,105 licensed to us by Murray A. Johnstone, M.D. In January 2008, we filed a motion for leave to file a second amended complaint to add Dr. Johnstone, the holder of U.S. Patent No. 6,262,105, as a plaintiff and to add Global MDRx and ProCyte Corporation, or ProCyte, as defendants. In March 2008, the court granted the motion for leave to file a second amended complaint. In April 2008, we filed a motion for leave to file a third amended complaint to add patent infringement claims relating to U.S. Patent No. 7,351,404 against the defendants, and to add Athena Bioscience, LLC and Cosmetic Alchemy, LLC as additional defendants.

In 2008, we entered into settlement agreements with Jan Marini Skin Research, Inc., Intuit Beauty, Inc., Photomedex, Inc. and ProCyte pursuant to which each party agreed to acknowledge the validity of the patents in exchange for dismissing all claims against such defendant. In July 2008, the clerk of the court entered a default judgment against Global MDRx for failure to defend against the summons. In August 2008, the court dismissed Intuit Beauty, Inc. and Jan Marini Skin Research, Inc. with prejudice. In September 2008, we and Cayman Chemical Company entered into a settlement agreement under which Cayman Chemical Company agreed to cease selling certain compounds to be used in particular types of products in exchange for dismissing all claims against them. In December 2008, we entered into a settlement agreement with Athena Bioscience, LLC under which they agreed to cease selling certain products and acknowledged the validity of our patents in exchange for our dismissing all claims against them.

In January 2009, we, along with Dr. Johnstone, filed a motion for leave to file a fourth amended complaint adding Pharma Tech, Inc., Dimensional Merchandising, Inc. and Cosmetic Technologies, Inc. as new defendants. In February 2009, we, along with Dr. Johnstone, filed a motion for default judgment and injunction against Global MDRx and the court granted our motion. In April 2009, we and Cosmetic Technologies, Inc. entered into a settlement agreement under which Cosmetic Technologies, Inc. agreed to cease manufacturing and selling certain products and acknowledge the validity of our patents in exchange for our dismissing all claims against them.

In March 2009, we filed a complaint captioned “Allergan, Inc.; Murray A Johnstone, M.D.; and Duke University v. Athena Cosmetics, Inc.; Cosmetic Alchemy, LLC; Northwest Cosmetic Laboratories, LLC; Pharma Tech International, Inc.; Dimensional Merchandising, Inc.; Stella International, LLC; Product Innovations, LLC; Metrics, LLC; Nutra-Luxe M.D., LLC; Skin Research Laboratories, Inc.; Lifetech Resources LLC; Rocasuba, Inc.; Peter Thomas Roth Labs LLC; and Peter Thomas Roth, Inc.” in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California alleging infringement of U.S. Patent Nos. 6,262,105, 7,351,404, and 7,388,029. In June 2009, we and defendants La Canada Ventures, Inc. and Susan Lin, M.D. entered into a settlement agreement under which La Canada Ventures, Inc. and Susan Lin, M.D. agreed to cease manufacturing and selling certain products and acknowledge the validity of our patents in exchange for our dismissing all claims against La Canada Ventures, Inc. and Susan Lin, M.D.

In June 2009, the court consolidated Allergan, Inc.; Murray A Johnstone, M.D.; and Duke University v. Athena Cosmetics, Inc., et al. with Allergan, Inc. v. Cayman Chemical Company, et al. and set an October 2010 trial date for both cases. In October 2009, the defendants filed answers, amended answers and/or counterclaims to our first amended complaint. In February 2010, we and Athena Cosmetic, Inc. filed a stipulation with the court to bifurcate Athena Cosmetic, Inc.’s antitrust and Lanham Act counterclaims into separate trials. In February 2010, Athena Cosmetic, Inc., Pharma Tech and Northwest Cosmetic filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings regarding our claim for violation of the California unfair competition statute. In March 2010, the court granted Athena Cosmetic, Inc., Pharma Tech and Northwest Cosmetic’s motion for judgment on the pleadings. In May 2010, we entered into a settlement agreement with Nutra-Luxe M.D., LLC, under which Nutra-Luxe M.D., LLC

 

53


Table of Contents

agreed to cease manufacturing and selling certain products and acknowledge the validity of our patents in exchange for our dismissing all claims against them. In May 2010, pursuant to a stipulation filed by the plaintiffs and all defendants against whom there are currently claims pending in the two consolidated actions, the court entered an order stating that a final judgment will be entered on the dismissal of our unfair competition claim against the defendants, permitting us to appeal the dismissal without further delay to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit, and further stating that all U.S. District Court proceedings in both consolidated actions will be stayed pending completion of our appeal of the dismissal of our unfair competition claim. In May 2010, we filed a notice of appeal with the court of appeals. In August 2010, we filed a motion for summary reversal or, in the alternative, for expedited treatment with the court of appeals and defendants filed an opposition to our motion. In October 2010, the court of appeals denied our motion for summary reversal, or in the alternative, for expedited treatment. In January 2011, the court of appeals scheduled oral argument for March 9, 2011.

Kramer et al. v. Allergan, Inc.

In July 2008, a complaint entitled “Kramer, Bryant, Spears, Doolittle, Clark, Whidden, Powell, Moore, Hennessey, Sody, Breeding, Downey, Underwood-Boswell, Reed-Momot, Purdon & Hahn v. Allergan, Inc.” was filed in the Superior Court for the State of California for the County of Orange. The complaint makes allegations against us relating to Botox ® and Botox ® Cosmetic including failure to warn, manufacturing defects, negligence, breach of implied and express warranties, deceit by concealment and negligent misrepresentation and seeks damages, attorneys’ fees and costs. In 2009, the plaintiffs Hennessey, Hahn, Underwood-Boswell, Purdon, Moore, Clark, Reed-Momot and Whidden were dismissed without prejudice. In October 2009, we filed a motion for summary judgment against plaintiff Spears, which the court denied in December 2009. The trial related to plaintiff Spears began in January 2010. In March 2010, the jury returned a verdict in our favor and the court entered a judgment on the special verdict. In April 2010, plaintiff Spears filed a motion for a new trial which the court denied in May 2010. In June 2010, we and plaintiff Spears entered into a settlement agreement under which we agreed to waive costs in exchange for plaintiff Spears agreeing not to appeal the judgment. In September 2010, the trial related to plaintiff Bryant began and we subsequently entered into a settlement agreement with plaintiff Bryant. In January 2011, the court set the next trial for September 6, 2011.

Alphagan ® P Patent Litigation

In February 2007, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Exela PharmSci, Inc., or Exela, indicating that Exela had filed an Abbreviated New Drug Application, or ANDA, with the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or the FDA, for a generic form of Alphagan ® P 0.15%. In the certification, Exela contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 5,424,078, 6,562,873, 6,627,210, 6,641,834 and 6,673,337, all of which are assigned to us and are listed in the Orange Book under Alphagan ® P 0.15%, are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Exela product. In March 2007, we filed a complaint against Exela in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California entitled “Allergan, Inc. v. Exela PharmSci, Inc., et al. ”, or the Exela Action. In our complaint, we allege that Exela’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent No. 6,641,834. In April 2007, we filed an amended complaint adding Paddock Laboratories, Inc. and PharmaForce, Inc. as defendants.

In April 2007, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Apotex Inc., or Apotex, indicating that Apotex had filed ANDAs with the FDA for generic versions of Alphagan ® P 0.15 % and Alphagan ® P 0.1%. In the certification, Apotex contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 5,424,078, 6,562,873, 6,627,210, 6,641,834 and 6,673,337, all of which are assigned to us and are listed in the Orange Book under Alphagan ® P 0.15% and Alphagan ® P 0.1%, are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Apotex products. In May 2007, we filed a complaint against Apotex in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware entitled “Allergan, Inc. v. Apotex Inc. and Apotex Corp.”, or the Apotex Action. In our complaint, we allege that Apotex’s proposed products infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 5,424,078, 6,562,873, 6,627,210, 6,641,834 and 6,673,337. In June 2007, Apotex filed its answer, including defenses and counterclaims. In July 2007, we filed a response to Apotex’s counterclaims .

 

54


Table of Contents

In May 2007, we filed a motion with the multidistrict litigation panel to consolidate the Exela Action and the Apotex Action in the District of Delaware. In August 2007, the panel granted the motion and transferred the Exela Action to the District of Delaware for coordinated or consolidated pretrial proceedings with the Apotex Action. In March 2008, the defendants in the Exela Action consented to trial in Delaware. In January 2009, we and defendants Paddock Laboratories, Inc. and Pharmaforce, Inc. entered into a settlement agreement under which these defendants agreed to refrain from selling or manufacturing a generic version of Alphagan ® P 0.15% in exchange for our dismissing all claims against them. Trial was held in March 2009 for the remaining defendants in the Apotex Action and the Exela Action. In October 2009, the court ruled that all five patents (U.S. Patent Nos. 5,424,078, 6,562,873, 6,627,210, 6,641,834 and 6,673,337) asserted by us are valid and enforceable against the defendants, that Apotex’s proposed generic versions of Alphagan ® P 0.1% and 0.15% infringe each of the five patents, and that Exela’s proposed generic version of Alphagan ® P 0.15% infringes U.S. Patent No. 6,641,834, which was the only patent asserted against it. Pursuant to the Hatch-Waxman Act, the FDA is required to delay approval of defendants’ proposed generic products until after our last applicable patent expires in 2022. In November 2009, Apotex and Exela filed a notice of appeal to the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit. In March 2010, Apotex and Exela filed their opening briefs with the court of appeals. In May 2010, we filed our responsive briefs with the court of appeals. In July 2010, Apotex and Exela filed their reply briefs with the court of appeals. In November 2010, the court of appeals scheduled oral argument for January 10, 2011. On January 10, 2011, the court of appeals heard oral argument and took the matter under submission.

Zymar ® Patent Litigation

In October 2007, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Apotex, indicating that Apotex had filed an ANDA with the FDA for a generic version of Zymar ® . In the certification, Apotex contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 5,880,283 and 6,333,045, or the ‘045 patent, both of which are licensed to us and are listed in the Orange Book under Zymar ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Apotex product. In November 2007, we, Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., or Senju, and Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., or Kyorin, filed a complaint captioned “Allergan, Inc., Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. v. Apotex Inc., et al. ” in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges infringement of the ‘045 patent. In January 2008, Apotex filed an answer and a counterclaim, as well as a motion to partially dismiss the plaintiffs’ complaint. In February 2008, we, Senju and Kyorin filed a response of non-opposition to Apotex’s motion to partially dismiss the complaint. A three-day bench trial was conducted in January 2010. In March and April 2010, the parties filed their post-trial briefs. In June 2010, the court ruled that Apotex’s proposed generic version of Zymar ® infringes claims 1-3, 6, 7 and 9 of the ‘045 patent and that claims 1-3 and 6-9 are invalid as obvious. The court further ruled that Apotex failed to prove that claims 6 and 7 are invalid for lack of enablement and that Apotex failed to prove that the ‘045 patent is unenforceable for inequitable conduct. In June 2010, we, Senju and Kyorin filed a motion for a new trial or, alternatively, to amend judgment and findings regarding claim 7. In July 2010, Apotex filed an answer to our motion and we filed a reply to Apotex’s answer to our motion. In November 2010, the court dismissed our motion for a new trial without prejudice to renew and opened the record of the litigation so that additional evidence may be submitted.

In August 2010, we filed a statement of claim entitled “Allergan, et al.  & Kyorin Pharmaceutical Co., LTD v. Apotex Inc., et al. ” in the Federal Court of Canada at Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. The statement of claim alleges that Apotex’s product infringes Canadian Patent No. 1,340,316 covering Zymar ® . In September 2010, Apotex filed a motion to strike the statement of claim. In November 2010, the court dismissed the motion to strike. In November 2010, Apotex filed a notice of appeal regarding the dismissed motion to strike.

Combigan ® Patent Litigation

In February 2009 and April 2009, we received paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certifications from Sandoz, Inc., or Sandoz, and Hi-Tech Pharmacal Co. Inc., or Hi-Tech, respectively, indicating that Sandoz and Hi-Tech had filed ANDAs seeking approval of generic forms of Combigan ® , a

 

55


Table of Contents


brimonidine tartrate 0.2%, timolol 0.5% ophthalmic solution. In their separate certifications, Sandoz and Hi-Tech each contend that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149 and 7,320,976, listed in the Orange Book under Combigan ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz product and by the proposed Hi-Tech product. We filed complaints against Sandoz and Hi-Tech in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas in April 2009 and June 2009, respectively, alleging, in each case, that the defendant’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149 and 7,320,976. In June 2009, Sandoz filed a motion to dismiss and we filed a response to this motion in July 2009. In July 2009, Hi-Tech filed a motion to dismiss and we filed a response to this motion in September 2009. In August 2009, Sandoz withdrew its motion to dismiss. In October 2009, Hi-Tech filed a reply to our response. In October 2009, we filed a motion to consolidate the Hi-Tech action and the Sandoz action and the court granted our motion to consolidate the two actions. In November 2009, Hi-Tech withdrew its motion to dismiss.

In September 2009, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Alcon Research, Ltd., or Alcon, indicating that Alcon had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic version of Combigan ® . In the certification, Alcon contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149, 7,320,976 and 7,323,463, listed in the Orange Book under Combigan ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Alcon product. In November 2009, we filed a complaint against Alcon in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Marshall Division. The complaint alleges that Alcon’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149, 7,320,976 and 7,323,463.

In October 2009 and November 2009, we received amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certifications from Sandoz and Hi-Tech, respectively, indicating that Sandoz and Hi-Tech had filed ANDAs seeking approval of generic forms of Combigan ® . In their separate certifications, Sandoz and Hi-Tech each contend that U.S. Patent No. 7,323,463, listed in the Orange Book under Combigan ® , is invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz and Hi-Tech products. In November 2009, we filed an amended complaint against Sandoz and Hi-Tech for patent infringement to assert U.S. Patent No. 7,323,463. Sandoz filed an answer and counterclaims to our amended complaint in November 2009 and Hi-Tech filed an answer and counterclaims in December 2009. We filed an answer to Sandoz’s counterclaims in December 2009 and an answer to Hi-Tech’s counterclaims in January 2010. In January 2010, the Hi-Tech action and the Sandoz action were consolidated with the Alcon action.

In February 2010, we received amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certifications from Sandoz and Hi-Tech indicating that Sandoz and Hi-Tech had filed ANDAs seeking approval of generic forms of Combigan ® . In their separate certifications, Sandoz and Hi-Tech contend that U.S. Patent No. 7,642,258, listed in the Orange Book under Combigan ® , is invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz and Hi-Tech products. In March 2010, we filed a second amended complaint against Sandoz and Hi-Tech for patent infringement to assert U.S. Patent No. 7,642,258. Hi-Tech and Sandoz filed an answer and counterclaims to our second amended complaint in March 2010 and April 2010, respectively. In April 2010, we filed answers to Hi-Tech and Sandoz’s counterclaims. In April 2010, we received an amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Alcon indicating that Alcon had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Combigan ® . In their certification, Alcon contends that U.S. Patent No. 7,642,258, listed in the Orange Book under Combigan ® , is invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Alcon product. In April 2010, we filed a first amended complaint against Alcon for patent infringement to assert U.S. Patent No. 7,642,258. In May 2010, Alcon filed an answer and counterclaims to our first amended complaint. In June 2010, we filed an answer to Alcon’s counterclaims. The court has scheduled an August 1, 2011 trial date for the consolidated Hi-Tech, Sandoz and Alcon actions.

In May 2010, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Apotex Corp. and Apotex indicating that Apotex had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic version of Combigan ® . In the certification, Apotex contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149, 7,320,976, 7,323,463 and 7,642,258 listed in the Orange Book under Combigan ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Apotex product. In June 2010, we filed a complaint against Apotex in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of

 

56


Table of Contents

Texas, Marshall Division. The complaint alleges that Apotex’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149, 7,320,976, 7,323,463 and 7,642,258. In June 2010, we filed an amended complaint. In July 2010, Apotex filed an answer and counterclaims to our first amended complaint. In August 2010, we filed an answer to Apotex’s counterclaims. In September 2010, the Hi-Tech action, the Sandoz action, and the Alcon action were consolidated with the Apotex action.

In July 2010, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Watson Laboratories, Inc., Watson Pharma, Inc. and Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Watson, indicating that Watson had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic version of Combigan ® . In the certification, Watson contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149, 7,320,976, 7,323,463 and 7,642,258, listed in the Orange Book under Combigan ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Watson product. In September 2010, we filed a complaint against Watson in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Texas, Marshall Division. The complaint alleges that Watson’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,030,149, 7,320,976, 7,323,463, and 7,642,258. In October 2010, Watson filed an unopposed motion to dismiss without prejudice Watson Pharmaceuticals, Inc. and Watson Pharma, Inc., which the court granted. In October 2010, Watson filed an answer to the complaint and counterclaims. In November 2010, we filed an answer to Watson’s counterclaims. In February 2011, the court scheduled a November 4, 2013 trial date for the Watson action.

In December 2009, we received a Notice of Allegation letter from Sandoz Canada Inc., or Sandoz Canada, indicating that Sandoz Canada had filed an Abbreviated New Drug Submission, or ANDS, under paragraphs 5(1)(b)(iii), 5(1)(b)(iv) and 5(3) of the Patented Medicines (Notice of Compliance) Regulations for approval of a generic version of Combigan ® (DIN 02248347). In the letter, Sandoz Canada contends that Canadian Patent Nos. 2,173,974, 2,225,626 and 2,440,764 are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz Canada product. In February 2010, we filed a notice of application in the Canadian Federal Court. The application alleges that Sandoz Canada’s proposed product infringes Canadian Patent Nos. 2,225,626 and 2,440,764. In February 2010, we received a Notice of Allegation letter from Sandoz Canada indicating that Sandoz Canada had filed an ANDS under paragraphs 5(1)(b)(iii), 5(1)(b)(iv) and 5(3) of the Patented Medicines (Notice of Compliance) Regulations for approval of a generic version of Combigan ® . In the letter, Sandoz Canada contends that Canadian Patent No. 2,357,014 is invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz Canada product. In March 2010, we filed a notice of application in the Canadian Federal Court. The application alleges that Sandoz Canada’s proposed product infringes Canadian Patent No. 2,357,014. In May 2010, Sandoz Canada filed two motions to strike the application regarding Canadian Patent No. 2,225,626. In June 2010, the court denied Sandoz Canada’s first motion to strike. In August 2010, we entered into an agreement to discontinue our notice of application relating to Canadian Patent No. 2,357,014 in exchange for Sandoz Canada’s withdrawing its pending motion to strike the application regarding Canadian Patent No. 2,225,626. In November 2010, the court set the trial in this case for October 24, 2011.

In August 2010, we received a Notice of Allegation letter from Apotex Canada Inc., or Apotex Canada, indicating that Apotex Canada had filed an ANDS under paragraphs 5(1)(b)(iii), 5(1)(b)(iv) and 5(3) of the Patented Medicines (Notice of Compliance) Regulations for approval of a generic version of Combigan ® (DIN 02248347). In the letter, Apotex Canada contends that Canadian Patent Nos. 2,173,974, 2,225,626, 2,357,014 and 2,440,764 are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Apotex Canada product. In September 2010, we filed a notice of application in the Canadian Federal Court. The application alleges that Apotex Canada’s proposed product infringes Canadian Patent Nos. 2,225,626, 2,357,014 and 2,440,764. In December 2010, the court set the trial in this case for November 28, 2011.

Sanctura XR ® Patent Litigation

In June 2009, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Watson, through its subsidiary Watson Laboratories, Inc. – Florida, indicating that Watson had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® , trospium 60 mg. chloride extended release capsules. In the certification, Watson contends that U.S. Patent No. 7,410,978, listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , is invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Watson product.

 

57


Table of Contents

In July 2009, we, Endo Pharmaceuticals Solutions, Inc., or Endo, and Supernus Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Supernus, filed a complaint against Watson, Watson Laboratories, Inc. – Florida, and Watson Pharma, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Watson’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent No. 7,410,978. In August 2009, Watson filed an answer and counterclaims to our complaint. In September 2009, we filed an answer to Watson’s counterclaims.

In November 2009, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Sandoz indicating that Sandoz had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® , trospium 60 mg. chloride extended release capsules. In the certification, Sandoz contends that U.S. Patent No. 7,410,978, listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , is invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz product. In November 2009, we, Endo and Supernus filed a complaint against Sandoz in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Sandoz’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent No. 7,410,978. In January 2010, Sandoz filed an answer and counterclaims to our complaint. In February 2010, we filed an answer to Sandoz’s counterclaims. In March 2010, the court consolidated the Watson and Sandoz actions and scheduled a trial date for May 2, 2011.

In April 2010, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Paddock Laboratories, Inc., or Paddock, indicating that Paddock had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® , trospium 60 mg. chloride extended release capsules. In the certification, Paddock contends that U.S. Patent No. 7,410,978, listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , is invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Paddock product. In June 2010, we, Endo and Supernus filed a complaint against Paddock in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Paddock’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent No. 7,410,978. In July 2010, Paddock filed an answer and counterclaims to our complaint. In July 2010, we filed a motion for leave to file an amended complaint, which Paddock did not oppose.

In July 2010, Watson filed an amended and supplemental answer and counterclaims to our complaint. In August 2010, we filed an answer to Watson’s counterclaims. In August 2010, we filed an answer to Paddock’s counterclaims.

In August 2010, we received an amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Paddock indicating that Paddock had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® . In their certification, Paddock contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,759,359 and 7,763,635, listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Paddock product. In August 2010, we received an amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Watson indicating that Watson had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® . In their certification, Watson contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,759,359 and 7,763,635, listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Watson product.

In September 2010, we received an amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Watson indicating that Watson had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® . In their certification, Watson contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,781,448 and 7,781,449, listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Watson product. In September 2010, we received an amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Paddock indicating that Paddock had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® . In their certification, Paddock contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,781,448 and 7,781,449 listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Paddock product. In September 2010, the court consolidated the Watson and Sandoz action with the Paddock action.

In October 2010, we, Endo and Supernus filed a complaint against Watson in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Watson’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,781,448 and 7,781,449. In October 2010, Watson filed an answer and counterclaims in response to the complaint. In

 

58


Table of Contents

October 2010, we, Endo and Supernus filed a complaint against Paddock in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Paddock’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,781,448 and 7,781,449. In October 2010 and November 2010, Paddock filed answers and counterclaims in response to the complaints. In October 2010, we, Endo and Supernus filed a complaint against Watson and an amended complaint against Paddock and another defendant in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint and amended complaint allege that the defendants’ proposed products infringe U.S. Patent Nos. 7,781,448 and 7,781,449. In October 2010, Paddock filed an answer to the first amended complaint and counterclaims regarding U.S. Patent No. 7,410,978.

In November 2010, Paddock filed an answer to the amended complaint and counterclaims regarding U.S. Patent Nos. 7,781,448 and 7,781,449. In November 2010, we received an amended paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Sandoz indicating that Sandoz had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Sanctura XR ® , trospium 60 mg. chloride extended release capsules. In their certification, Sandoz contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,759,359, 7,763,635, 7,781,448, and 7,781,449, listed in the Orange Book under Sanctura XR ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz product.

In December 2010, we, Endo, and Supernus filed an answer to Paddock’s counterclaims with respect to U.S. Patent Nos. 7,410,978, 7,781,448, and 7,781,449. In December 2010, we, Endo, and Supernus filed an answer to Watson’s counterclaims with respect to U.S. Patent Nos. 7,781,448 and 7,781,449. In December 2010, we, Endo, and Supernus filed an amended answer to Paddock’s counterclaims with respect to U.S. Patent Nos. 7,410,978, 7,781,448, and 7,781,449, and brought an infringement claim regarding U.S. Patent No. 7,759,359. In December 2010, we, Endo, and Supernus filed an amended answer to Watson’s counterclaims with respect to U.S. Patent Nos. 7,410,978, 7,781,448 and 7,781,449, and brought an infringement claim regarding U.S. Patent No. 7,759,359.

In January 2011, we, Endo, and Supernus filed a complaint against Sandoz in the United States District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Sandoz’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,759,359, 7,763,635, 7,781,448, and 7,781,449. In February 2011, Sandoz filed an answer to our complaint and counterclaims. In February 2011, the court consolidated this action with the Watson, Sandoz, and Paddock actions.

Latisse ® Patent Litigation

In July 2010, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Apotex indicating that Apotex had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Latisse ® , a bimatoprost 0.3% ophthalmic solution. In the certification, Apotex contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 7,351,404 and 7,388,029, listed in the Orange Book under Latisse ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Apotex product. In September 2010, we and Duke University filed a complaint against Apotex in the U.S. District Court for the Middle District of North Carolina. The complaint alleges that Apotex’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 7,351,404, 7,388,029, and 6,403,649. In November 2010, Apotex filed an answer to the complaint and counterclaims. In January 2011, we filed an answer to Apotex’s counterclaims.

Lumigan ® Patent Litigation

In March 2009, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Barr Laboratories, Inc., or Barr, indicating that Barr had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Lumigan ® , a bimatoprost 0.3% ophthalmic solution. In the certification, Barr contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 5,688,819 and 6,403,649, listed in the Orange Book under Lumigan ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Barr product. In May 2009, we filed a complaint against Barr in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Barr’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 5,688,819 and 6,403,649. In June 2009, Barr filed an answer to the complaint.

 

59


Table of Contents


        In December 2009, we received a paragraph 4 invalidity and noninfringement Hatch-Waxman Act certification from Sandoz, indicating that Sandoz had filed an ANDA seeking approval of a generic form of Lumigan ® , a bimatoprost 0.3% ophthalmic solution. In the certification, Sandoz contends that U.S. Patent Nos. 5,688,819 and 6,403,649, listed in the Orange Book under Lumigan ® , are invalid and/or not infringed by the proposed Sandoz product. In January 2010, we filed a complaint against Sandoz in the U.S. District Court for the District of Delaware. The complaint alleges that Sandoz’s proposed product infringes U.S. Patent Nos. 5,688,819 and 6,403,649. In February 2010, Sandoz filed an answer and counterclaim to our complaint and we filed an answer to Sandoz’s counterclaim in March 2010. In April 2010, the court consolidated the Barr and Sandoz actions and scheduled a trial date for February 1, 2011. In July 2010, we filed an amended complaint against Teva Pharmaceuticals USA, Inc., or Teva, and Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. upon belief that Barr is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Teva. In August 2010, Teva filed an answer and affirmative defenses to our amended complaint. In January and February 2011, the court held a bench trial and took the matter under submission.

Government Investigations

In September 2009, we received service of process of an Investigative Demand from the Department of Justice for the State of Oregon. The Investigative Demand requests the production of documents relating to our sales and marketing practices in connection with Aczone ® . In December 2009, we produced documents in response to the Investigative Demand.

In June 2010, we received service of process of a Subpoena from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC. The subpoena requests the production of documents relating to our affiliation with Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Acadia, and our sale of Acadia securities. In September 2010, we produced documents responsive to the Subpoena. In January 2011, the SEC issued additional Subpoenas seeking further information, which was provided in February 2011.

In December 2010, we received service of process of a Subpoena Duces Tecum from the State of New York, Office of the Medicaid Inspector General. The subpoena requests the production of documents relating to our Eye Care Business Advisor Group, Allergan Access, and BSM Connect for Ophthalmology.

In February 2011, we received service of a Civil Investigative Demand from the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York, Civil Frauds Unit. The Investigative Demand requests the production of documents and responses to written interrogatories relating to our best prices provided to Medicaid for certain of our ophthalmic products.

In March 2008, we received service of a Subpoena Duces Tecum from the U.S. Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice, or DOJ, for the Northern District of Georgia requesting the production of documents relating to our sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® . In December 2009, the DOJ for the Northern District of Georgia served us with a Supplemental Subpoena Duces Tecum requesting the production of additional documents relating to certain of our speaker bureau programs. On September 1, 2010, we announced that we reached a resolution with the DOJ, or the DOJ Settlement, regarding our alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® . In connection with the DOJ Settlement, we entered into a Federal Settlement Agreement, or Settlement Agreement, with the DOJ for the Northern District of Georgia, the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services, or the OIG, the TRICARE Management Activity, the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs of the U.S. Department of Labor, and the relators in the qui tam actions identified in the Settlement Agreement, pursuant to which we agreed to plead guilty to a single misdemeanor “misbranding” charge covering the period from 2000 through 2005 and to pay the government $375 million, which includes a $350 million criminal fine and $25 million in forfeited assets. In addition, we agreed to pay $225 million to resolve civil claims asserted by the DOJ under the civil False Claims Act. As part of the DOJ Settlement, we have entered into a five-year Corporate Integrity Agreement with the OIG. In October 2010, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia accepted our Plea Agreement with the DOJ for the Northern District of Georgia.

 

60


Table of Contents

Stockholder Derivative Litigation

In September 2010, Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System filed a stockholder derivative complaint against our current Board of Directors, or Board, which includes David E.I. Pyott, Herbert W. Boyer, Ph.D., Gavin S. Herbert, Leonard D. Schaeffer, Michael R. Gallagher, Stephen J. Ryan, M.D., Russell T. Ray, Trevor M. Jones, Ph.D., Robert A. Ingram, Louis J. Lavigne, Jr., Deborah Dunsire, M.D. and Dawn Hudson, and Allergan, Inc. in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The complaint alleges breaches of fiduciary duties relating to our alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® and seeks to shift the costs of the DOJ Settlement to the defendants. In October 2010, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint and we and the individual defendants filed motions to dismiss.

In November 2010, we received a demand for inspection of books and records from U.F.C.W. Local 1776 & Participating Employers Pension Fund. In November 2010, the U.F.C.W. Local 1776 & Participating Employers Pension Fund filed a motion to intervene in the Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System action, which was denied by the court in January 2011.

In September 2010, Daniel Himmel filed a stockholder derivative complaint against our Board, Handel E. Evans, Ronald M. Cresswell, Louis T. Rosso, Karen R. Osar, Anthony H. Wild, and Allergan, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duties, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment and seeks, among other things, damages, corporate governance reforms, attorneys’ fees, and costs.

In September 2010, Willa Rosenbloom filed a stockholder derivative complaint against our Board and Allergan, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities law, breaches of fiduciary duties, and unjust enrichment and seeks, among other things, damages, corporate governance reforms, attorneys’ fees, and costs.

In September 2010, Pompano Beach Police & Firefighters’ Retirement System and Western Washington Laborers-Employers Pension Trust filed a stockholder derivative complaint against our Board and Allergan, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duties, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, and corporate waste and seeks, among other things, damages, corporate governance reforms, attorneys’ fees, and costs. In September 2010, plaintiffs filed a motion for consolidation with the Himmel and Rosenbloom actions, which the court granted in October 2010. In November 2010, the plaintiffs filed their consolidated complaint. In December 2010, we filed a motion to stay the consolidated action in favor of the Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System action. In December 2010, we and the individual defendants filed motions to dismiss the consolidated complaint.

In October 2010, Julie Rosenberg filed a stockholder derivative complaint against our Board and Allergan, Inc. in the Superior Court for the State of California for the County of Orange. The complaint alleges breaches of fiduciary duties and seeks, among other things, damages, attorneys’ fees, and costs. In December 2010, the court stayed this matter pending the decision on the motions to dismiss filed in the Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System action.

We are involved in various other lawsuits and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. These other matters are, in the opinion of management, immaterial both individually and in the aggregate with respect to our consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations. Because of the uncertainties related to the incurrence, amount and range of loss on any pending litigation, investigation, inquiry or claim, management is currently unable to predict the ultimate outcome of any litigation, investigation, inquiry or claim, determine whether a liability has been incurred or make an estimate of the reasonably possible liability that could result from an unfavorable outcome. We believe however, that the liability, if any, resulting from the aggregate amount of uninsured damages for any outstanding litigation, investigation or claim will not have a material adverse effect

 

61


Table of Contents

on our consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations. However, an adverse ruling in a patent infringement lawsuit involving us could materially affect our ability to sell one or more of our products or could result in additional competition. In view of the unpredictable nature of such matters, we cannot provide any assurances regarding the outcome of any litigation, investigation, inquiry or claim to which we are a party or the impact on us of an adverse ruling in such matters.

 

Item 4. ( Removed and Reserved ) .

 

62


Table of Contents

PART II

 

Item 5. Market For Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table shows the quarterly price range of our common stock and the cash dividends declared per share of common stock during the periods listed.

 

$00000 $00000 $00000 $00000 $00000 $00000
     2010      2009  

Calendar Quarter

   Low      High      Div.      Low      High      Div.  

First

   $ 55.25       $ 65.79       $ 0.05       $ 35.41       $ 50.89       $ 0.05   

Second

     56.26         65.87         0.05         43.01         50.00         0.05   

Third

     57.45         67.53         0.05         44.78         58.84         0.05   

Fourth

     64.95         74.94         0.05         53.32         64.08         0.05   

Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange and is traded under the symbol “AGN.”

The approximate number of stockholders of record of our common stock was 5,175 as of February 17, 2011.

On February 1, 2011, our Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per share, payable March 11, 2011 to stockholders of record on February 18, 2011.

Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans

The information included under Item 12 of Part III of this report, “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters,” is hereby incorporated by reference into this Item 5 of Part II of this report.

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

The following table discloses the purchases of our equity securities during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2010.

 

MaximumNumber MaximumNumber MaximumNumber MaximumNumber

Period

  Total Number
of Shares
Purchased(1)
    Average
Price Paid
per Share
    Total Number
of Shares
Purchased as

Part of Publicly
Announced Plans
or Programs
    Maximum Number
(or Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares that May
Yet be Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs(2)
 

October 1, 2010 to October 31, 2010

    266,500      $ 68.94        266,500        14,510,369   

November 1, 2010 to November 30, 2010

    733,700        69.67        733,700        16,272,230   

December 1, 2010 to December 31, 2010

    255,400        68.97        255,400        16,413,178   
                   

Total

    1,255,600      $ 69.37        1,255,600        N/A   

 

 

(1)

We maintain an evergreen stock repurchase program, which we first announced on September 28, 1993. Under the stock repurchase program, we may maintain up to 18.4 million repurchased shares in our treasury account at any one time. At December 31, 2010, we held approximately 2.0 million treasury shares under this program. Effective January 1, 2010, our current Rule 10b5-1 plan authorizes our broker to purchase our common stock traded in the open market pursuant to our evergreen stock repurchase program. The terms of the plan set forth a maximum annual limit of 4.0 million shares to be repurchased, certain quarterly maximum and minimum volume limits, and the plan is cancellable at any time in our sole discretion and in accordance with applicable insider trading laws.

 

(2)

The share numbers reflect the maximum number of shares that may be purchased under our stock repurchase program and are as of the end of each of the respective periods.

 

63


Table of Contents
Item 6. Selected Financial Data

SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA

 

$000000 $000000 $000000 $000000 $000000
    Year Ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008     2007     2006  
    (in millions, except per share data)  

Summary of Operations

         

Product net sales

  $ 4,819.6      $ 4,447.6      $ 4,339.7      $ 3,879.0      $ 3,010.1   

Other revenues

    99.8        56.0        63.7        59.9        53.2   
                                       

Total revenues

    4,919.4        4,503.6        4,403.4        3,938.9        3,063.3   

Operating costs and expenses:

         

Cost of sales (excludes amortization of acquired intangible assets)

    722.0        750.9        761.2        673.2        575.7   

Selling, general and administrative

    2,017.6        1,921.5        1,856.1        1,680.2        1,333.4   

Research and development

    804.6        706.0        797.9        718.1        1,055.5   

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

    138.0        146.3        150.9        121.3        79.6   

Legal settlement

    609.2                               

Intangible asset impairment and related costs

    369.1                               

Restructuring charges

    0.3        50.9        41.3        26.8        22.3   
                                       

Operating income (loss)

    258.6        928.0        796.0        719.3        (3.2

Non-operating expense

    (87.8     (79.5     (33.8     (54.9     (16.3
                                       

Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes

    170.8        848.5        762.2        664.4        (19.5

Earnings (loss) from continuing operations

    4.9        623.8        564.7        487.0        (127.0

Loss from discontinued operations

                         (1.7       

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest

    4.3        2.5        1.6        0.5        0.4   

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Allergan, Inc.

  $ 0.6      $ 621.3      $ 563.1      $ 484.8      $ (127.4

Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders:

         

Continuing operations

  $ 0.00      $ 2.05      $ 1.85      $ 1.59      $ (0.43

Discontinued operations

                                  

Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders:

         

Continuing operations

  $ 0.00      $ 2.03      $ 1.84      $ 1.58      $ (0.43

Discontinued operations

                         (0.01       

Cash dividends per share

  $ 0.20      $ 0.20      $ 0.20      $ 0.20      $ 0.20   

Financial Position

         

Current assets

  $ 3,993.7      $ 3,106.3      $ 2,270.6      $ 2,124.2      $ 2,130.3   

Working capital

    2,465.3        2,294.7        1,573.6        1,408.5        1,472.2   

Total assets

    8,308.1        7,536.6        6,791.8        6,578.8        5,765.4   

Long-term debt, excluding current portion

    1,534.2        1,491.3        1,570.5        1,499.4        1,491.1   

Total stockholders’ equity

    4,757.7        4,822.8        4,050.7        3,794.5        3,213.5   

In the first quarter of 2009, we adopted updates to Financial Accounting Standards Board guidance related to the accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled fully or partially in cash upon conversion and have retrospectively adjusted the information included in the summary of operations for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the information included in the financial position as of December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006. Based on an accounting policy election, we did not retrospectively adjust the information included in the summary of operations for the year ended December 31, 2006.

 

64


Table of Contents
Item 7. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

This financial review presents our operating results for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, and our financial condition at December 31, 2010. Except for the historical information contained herein, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements which are subject to known and unknown risks, uncertainties and other factors that may cause our actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied by such forward-looking statements. We discuss such risks, uncertainties and other factors throughout this report and specifically under Item 1A of Part I of this report, “Risk Factors.” In addition, the following review should be read in connection with the information presented in our consolidated financial statements and the related notes to our consolidated financial statements.

Critical Accounting Policies, Estimates and Assumptions

The preparation and presentation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States, or GAAP, requires us to establish policies and to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. In our judgment, the accounting policies, estimates and assumptions described below have the greatest potential impact on our consolidated financial statements. Accounting assumptions and estimates are inherently uncertain and actual results may differ materially from our estimates.

Revenue Recognition

We recognize revenue from product sales when goods are shipped and title and risk of loss transfer to our customers. A substantial portion of our revenue is generated by the sale of specialty pharmaceutical products (primarily eye care pharmaceuticals, skin care and urologics products) to wholesalers within the United States, and we have a policy to attempt to maintain average U.S. wholesaler inventory levels at an amount less than eight weeks of our net sales. A portion of our revenue is generated from consigned inventory of breast implants maintained at physician, hospital and clinic locations. These customers are contractually obligated to maintain a specific level of inventory and to notify us upon the use of consigned inventory. Revenue for consigned inventory is recognized at the time we are notified by the customer that the product has been used. Notification is usually through the replenishing of the inventory, and we periodically review consignment inventories to confirm the accuracy of customer reporting.

We generally offer cash discounts to customers for the early payment of receivables. Those discounts are recorded as a reduction of revenue and accounts receivable in the same period that the related sale is recorded. The amounts reserved for cash discounts were $4.4 million and $3.3 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Provisions for cash discounts deducted from consolidated sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008 were $55.2 million, $50.4 million and $42.1 million, respectively.

We permit returns of product from most product lines by any class of customer if such product is returned in a timely manner, in good condition and from normal distribution channels. Return policies in certain international markets and for certain medical device products, primarily breast implants, provide for more stringent guidelines in accordance with the terms of contractual agreements with customers. Our estimates for sales returns are based upon the historical patterns of product returns matched against sales, and management’s evaluation of specific factors that may increase the risk of product returns. The amount of allowances for sales returns recognized in our consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were $52.3 million and $41.5 million, respectively, and are recorded in “Other accrued expenses” and “Trade receivables, net” in our consolidated balance sheets. See Note 4, “Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions” in the notes to our consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.” Provisions for sales returns deducted from consolidated sales were $389.3 million, $360.6 million and $327.7 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The increases in the amount of allowances for sales returns at December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009 and the provisions for sales

 

65


Table of Contents

returns in 2010 compared to 2009 are primarily due to increased sales returns related to breast implant products, principally due to increased product sales volume, and the genericization in the United States of certain eye care pharmaceutical products. The increase in the provisions for sales returns in 2009 compared to 2008 is primarily due to increased sales returns related to breast implant products, additional provisions for returns related to the genericization in the United States of certain eye care pharmaceutical products and a small increase in estimated product return rates for our other specialty pharmaceuticals products. Historical allowances for cash discounts and product returns have been consistent with the amounts reserved or accrued.

We participate in various managed care sales rebate and other incentive programs, the largest of which relates to Medicaid, Medicare and the Department of Veterans Affairs. Sales rebate and other incentive programs also include contractual volume rebate programs and chargebacks, which are contractual discounts given primarily to federal government agencies, health maintenance organizations, pharmacy benefits managers and group purchasing organizations. We also offer rebate and other incentive programs for our aesthetic products and certain therapeutic products, including Botox ® Cosmetic, Juvéderm ® , Latisse ® , Acuvail ® , Aczone ® and Restasis ® , and for certain other skin care products. Sales rebates and incentive accruals reduce revenue in the same period that the related sale is recorded and are included in “Other accrued expenses” in our consolidated balance sheets. The amounts accrued for sales rebates and other incentive programs were $186.5 million and $158.6 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs deducted from consolidated sales were $565.3 million, $473.8 million and $306.2 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. The increases in the amounts accrued at December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009 and the provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs in 2010 compared to 2009 are primarily due to an increase in activity under previously established rebate and incentive programs, principally related to our eye care pharmaceuticals, Botox ® Cosmetic, skin care and facial aesthetics products, an increase in the number of incentive programs offered, additional contractual discounts to federal government agencies related to the recently enacted health care reform legislation, and increased overall product sales volume. The increase in the provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs in 2009 compared to 2008 is primarily due to an increase in the number of incentive programs offered and an increase in activity under previously established incentive programs, principally related to our eye care pharmaceuticals, Botox ® Cosmetic, skin care and facial aesthetics products. In addition, an increase in our published list prices in the United States for pharmaceutical products, which occurred for several of our products in each of 2010 and 2009, generally results in higher provisions for sales rebates and other incentive programs deducted from consolidated sales.

Our procedures for estimating amounts accrued for sales rebates and other incentive programs at the end of any period are based on available quantitative data and are supplemented by management’s judgment with respect to many factors, including but not limited to, current market dynamics, changes in contract terms, changes in sales trends, an evaluation of current laws and regulations and product pricing. Quantitatively, we use historical sales, product utilization and rebate data and apply forecasting techniques in order to estimate our liability amounts. Qualitatively, management’s judgment is applied to these items to modify, if appropriate, the estimated liability amounts. There are inherent risks in this process. For example, customers may not achieve assumed utilization levels; customers may misreport their utilization to us; and actual movements of the U.S. Consumer Price Index for All Urban Consumers, or CPI-U, which affect our rebate programs with U.S. federal and state government agencies, may differ from those estimated. On a quarterly basis, adjustments to our estimated liabilities for sales rebates and other incentive programs related to sales made in prior periods have not been material and have generally been less than 0.5% of consolidated product net sales. An adjustment to our estimated liabilities of 0.5% of consolidated product net sales on a quarterly basis would result in an increase or decrease to net sales and earnings before income taxes of approximately $6.0 million to $7.0 million. The sensitivity of our estimates can vary by program and type of customer. Additionally, there is a significant time lag between the date we determine the estimated liability and when we actually pay the liability. Due to this time lag, we record adjustments to our estimated liabilities over several periods, which can result in a net increase to earnings or a net decrease to earnings in those periods. Material differences may result in the amount of revenue we recognize from product sales if the actual amount of rebates and incentives differ materially from the amounts estimated by management.

 

66


Table of Contents

We recognize license fees, royalties and reimbursement income for services provided as other revenues based on the facts and circumstances of each contractual agreement. In general, we recognize income upon the signing of a contractual agreement that grants rights to products or technology to a third party if we have no further obligation to provide products or services to the third party after entering into the contract. We defer income under contractual agreements when we have further obligations that indicate that a separate earnings process has not been completed.

Pensions

We sponsor various pension plans in the United States and abroad in accordance with local laws and regulations. Our U.S. pension plans account for a large majority of our aggregate pension plans’ net periodic benefit costs and projected benefit obligations. In connection with these plans, we use certain actuarial assumptions to determine the plans’ net periodic benefit costs and projected benefit obligations, the most significant of which are the expected long-term rate of return on assets and the discount rate.

Our assumption for the weighted average expected long-term rate of return on assets in our U.S. funded pension plan for determining the net periodic benefit cost is 8.25% for 2010, which is the same rate used for 2009 and 2008. Our assumptions for the weighted average expected long-term rate of return on assets in our non-U.S. funded pension plans are 5.85%, 6.03% and 6.82% for 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively. For our U.S. funded pension plan, we determine, based upon recommendations from our pension plan’s investment advisors, the expected rate of return using a building block approach that considers diversification and rebalancing for a long-term portfolio of invested assets. Our investment advisors study historical market returns and preserve long-term historical relationships between equities and fixed income in a manner consistent with the widely-accepted capital market principle that assets with higher volatility generate a greater return over the long run. They also evaluate market factors such as inflation and interest rates before long-term capital market assumptions are determined. For our non-U.S. funded pension plans, the expected rate of return was determined based on asset distribution and assumed long-term rates of return on fixed income instruments and equities. Market conditions and other factors can vary over time and could significantly affect our estimates of the weighted average expected long-term rate of return on plan assets. The expected rate of return is applied to the market-related value of plan assets. As a sensitivity measure, the effect of a 0.25% decline in our rate of return on assets assumptions for our U.S. and non-U.S. funded pension plans would increase our expected 2011 pre-tax pension benefit cost by approximately $1.6 million.

The weighted average discount rates used to calculate our U.S. and non-U.S. pension benefit obligations at December 31, 2010 were 5.51% and 5.57%, respectively, and at December 31, 2009 were 6.04% and 6.16%, respectively. The weighted average discount rates used to calculate our U.S. and non-U.S. net periodic benefit costs for 2010 were 6.04% and 6.16%, respectively, for 2009, 6.19% and 5.71%, respectively, and for 2008, 6.25% and 5.50%, respectively. We determine the discount rate based upon a hypothetical portfolio of high quality fixed income investments with maturities that mirror the pension benefit obligations at the plans’ measurement date. Market conditions and other factors can vary over time and could significantly affect our estimates for the discount rates used to calculate our pension benefit obligations and net periodic benefit costs for future years. As a sensitivity measure, the effect of a 0.25% decline in the discount rate assumption for our U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans would increase our expected 2011 pre-tax pension benefit costs by approximately $4.1 million and increase our pension plans’ projected benefit obligations at December 31, 2010 by approximately $34.7 million.

Share-Based Compensation

We recognize compensation expense for all share-based awards made to employees and directors. The fair value of share-based awards is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the requisite service period using the straight-line single option method. The fair value of modifications to share-based awards is generally estimated using a lattice model.

 

67


Table of Contents

The determination of fair value using the Black-Scholes and lattice option-pricing models is affected by our stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividends and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. We currently estimate stock price volatility based upon an equal weighting of the historical average over the expected life of the award and the average implied volatility of at-the-money options traded in the open market. We estimate employee stock option exercise behavior based on actual historical exercise activity and assumptions regarding future exercise activity of unexercised, outstanding options.

Share-based compensation expense is recognized only for those awards that are ultimately expected to vest, and we have applied an estimated forfeiture rate to unvested awards for the purpose of calculating compensation cost. These estimates will be revised in future periods if actual forfeitures differ from the estimates. Changes in forfeiture estimates impact compensation cost in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

Income Taxes

The provision for income taxes is determined using an estimated annual effective tax rate, which is generally less than the U.S. federal statutory rate, primarily because of lower tax rates in certain non-U.S. jurisdictions, research and development, or R&D, tax credits available in the United States, California and other foreign jurisdictions and deductions available in the United States for domestic production activities. Our effective tax rate may be subject to fluctuations during the year as new information is obtained, which may affect the assumptions used to estimate the annual effective tax rate, including factors such as the mix of pre-tax earnings in the various tax jurisdictions in which we operate, valuation allowances against deferred tax assets, the recognition or derecognition of tax benefits related to uncertain tax positions, expected utilization of R&D tax credits and changes in or the interpretation of tax laws in jurisdictions where we conduct business. We recognize deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of our assets and liabilities along with net operating loss and tax credit carryovers.

We record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that we believe is more likely than not to be realized. When we establish or reduce the valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets, our provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made. Valuation allowances against deferred tax assets were $4.3 million and $4.6 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Changes in the valuation allowances, when they are recognized in the provision for income taxes, are included as a component of the estimated annual effective tax rate.

We have not provided for withholding and U.S. taxes for the unremitted earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries because we have currently reinvested these earnings indefinitely in these foreign operations. At December 31, 2010, we had approximately $2,109.4 million in unremitted earnings outside the United States for which withholding and U.S. taxes were not provided. Income tax expense would be incurred if these funds were remitted to the United States. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of the deferred tax liability on such unremitted earnings. Upon remittance, certain foreign countries impose withholding taxes that are then available, subject to certain limitations, for use as credits against our U.S. tax liability, if any. We annually update our estimate of unremitted earnings outside the United States after the completion of each fiscal year.

We recorded a tax benefit of $21.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2010 in connection with the total fiscal year 2010 pre-tax charges of $609.2 million related to the global settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice, or DOJ.

Acquisitions

The accounting for acquisitions requires extensive use of estimates and judgments to measure the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development, and

 

68


Table of Contents

liabilities assumed. Additionally, we must determine whether an acquired entity is considered to be a business or a set of net assets, because the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired can only be recognized as goodwill in a business combination.

On July 1, 2010, we completed a business combination agreement and effected a revised distribution agreement with our distributor in Turkey. We paid $33.0 million for the termination of the original distribution agreement and purchased the commercial assets related to the selling of our products in Turkey for $6.1 million in cash and estimated contingent consideration of $36.7 million as of the acquisition date. On January 15, 2010, we acquired Serica Technologies, Inc., or Serica, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $63.7 million, net of cash acquired. On July 7, 2009, we acquired a 50.001% stockholder interest in a joint venture, Samil Allergan Ophthalmic Joint Venture Company, or Samil, for approximately $14.8 million, net of cash acquired. We accounted for these acquisitions as business combinations. The tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with these acquisitions were recognized based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition dates. The determination of estimated fair values requires significant estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, determining the timing and estimated costs to complete the in-process projects, projecting regulatory approvals, estimating future cash flows and developing appropriate discount rates. We believe the estimated fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on reasonable assumptions.

Impairment Evaluations for Goodwill and Purchased Intangible Assets

We evaluate goodwill for impairment on an annual basis, or more frequently if we believe indicators of impairment exist, by comparing the carrying value of each of our reporting units to their estimated fair value. We have identified two reporting units, specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices, and currently perform our annual evaluation as of October 1 each year.

We primarily use the income approach and the market approach to valuation that include the discounted cash flow method, the guideline company method, as well as other generally accepted valuation methodologies to determine the fair value of our reporting units. Upon completion of the October 2010 annual impairment assessment, we determined that no impairment was indicated as the estimated fair value of each of the two reporting units exceeded its respective carrying value. As of December 31, 2010, we do not believe any significant indicators of impairment exist for our goodwill that would require additional analysis.

We also review purchased intangible assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of our intangible assets may not be recoverable. An impairment in the carrying value of an intangible asset is recognized whenever anticipated future undiscounted cash flows from an intangible asset are estimated to be less than its carrying value.

In the third quarter of 2010, we concluded that the intangible assets and a related prepaid royalty asset associated with the Sanctura ® franchise, or the Sanctura ® Assets, which we acquired in connection with our 2007 acquisition of Esprit Pharma Holding Company, Inc., or Esprit, and certain subsequent licensing and commercialization transactions, had become impaired. We determined that an impairment charge was required with respect to the Sanctura ® Assets because the estimated undiscounted future cash flows over their remaining useful life were not sufficient to recover the current carrying amount of the Sanctura ® Assets and the carrying amount exceeded the estimated fair value of those assets due to a reduction in expected future financial performance for the Sanctura ® franchise resulting from lower than anticipated acceptance by patients, physicians and payors. As a result, in the third quarter of 2010, we recorded an aggregate charge of $369.1 million related to the impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets and related costs, which includes a charge of $343.2 million for the impairment of the Sanctura ® intangible assets. We did not record any impairment charges in 2009. In 2008, we recorded a pre-tax impairment charge of $5.6 million for an intangible asset related to the phase out of a collagen product.

 

69


Table of Contents

Significant management judgment is required in the forecasts of future operating results that are used in our impairment evaluations. The estimates we have used are consistent with the plans and estimates that we use to manage our business. It is possible, however, that the plans may change and estimates used may prove to be inaccurate. If our actual results, or the plans and estimates used in future impairment analyses, are lower than the original estimates used to assess the recoverability of these assets, we could incur future impairment charges.

Operations

Headquartered in Irvine, California, we are a multi-specialty health care company focused on discovering, developing and commercializing innovative pharmaceuticals, biologics, medical devices and over-the-counter products that enable people to live life to its greatest potential — to see more clearly, move more freely and express themselves more fully. Our diversified approach enables us to follow our research and development into new specialty areas where unmet needs are significant.

We discover, develop and commercialize specialty pharmaceutical, biologics, medical devices and over-the-counter products for the ophthalmic, neurological, medical aesthetics, medical dermatology, breast aesthetics, obesity intervention, urological and other specialty markets in more than 100 countries around the world. We are a pioneer in specialty pharmaceutical research, targeting products and technologies related to specific disease areas such as chronic dry eye, glaucoma, retinal disease, psoriasis, acne, movement disorders, neuropathic pain and genitourinary diseases. Additionally, we are a leader in discovering, developing and marketing therapeutic and aesthetic biological, pharmaceutical and medical device products, including saline and silicone gel breast implants, dermal fillers and obesity intervention products. At December 31, 2010, we employed approximately 9,200 persons around the world. Our principal markets are the United States, Europe, Latin America and Asia Pacific.

Results of Operations

We operate our business on the basis of two reportable segments — specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The specialty pharmaceuticals segment produces a broad range of pharmaceutical products, including: ophthalmic products for dry eye, glaucoma, retinal diseases and ocular surface disease; Botox ® for certain therapeutic and aesthetic indications; skin care products for acne, psoriasis, eyelash growth and other prescription and over-the-counter skin care products; and urologics products. The medical devices segment produces a broad range of medical devices, including: breast implants for augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery; obesity intervention products, including the Lap-Band ® System and the Orbera Intragastric Balloon System; and facial aesthetics products. We provide global marketing strategy teams to coordinate the development and execution of a consistent marketing strategy for our products in all geographic regions that share similar distribution channels and customers.

Management evaluates our business segments and various global product portfolios on a revenue basis, which is presented below in accordance with GAAP. We also report sales performance using the non-GAAP financial measure of constant currency sales. Constant currency sales represent current period reported sales, adjusted for the translation effect of changes in average foreign exchange rates between the current period and the corresponding period in the prior year. We calculate the currency effect by comparing adjusted current period reported sales, calculated using the monthly average foreign exchange rates for the corresponding period in the prior year, to the actual current period reported sales. We routinely evaluate our net sales performance at constant currency so that sales results can be viewed without the impact of changing foreign currency exchange rates, thereby facilitating period-to-period comparisons of our sales. Generally, when the U.S. dollar either strengthens or weakens against other currencies, the growth at constant currency rates will be higher or lower, respectively, than growth reported at actual exchange rates.

 

70


Table of Contents

The following table compares net sales by product line within each reportable segment and certain selected pharmaceutical products for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008:

 

    Year Ended December 31,     Change in Product Net Sales     Percent Change in Product Net Sales  
         2010               2009                Total           Performance       Currency             Total           Performance       Currency    
    (in millions)                    

Net Sales by Product Line:

               

Specialty Pharmaceuticals:

               

Eye Care Pharmaceuticals

  $ 2,262.0      $ 2,100.6      $ 161.4      $ 146.5      $ 14.9        7.7%         7.0%         0.7%    

Botox ® /Neuromodulator

    1,419.4        1,309.6        109.8        93.0        16.8        8.4%         7.1%         1.3%    

Skin Care

    229.5        208.0        21.5        21.0        0.5        10.3%         10.1%         0.2%    

Urologics

    62.5        65.6        (3.1     (3.1            (4.7)%        (4.7)%        —%    
                                             

Total Specialty
Pharmaceuticals

    3,973.4        3,683.8        289.6        257.4        32.2        7.9%         7.0%         0.9%    
                                             

Medical Devices:

               

Breast Aesthetics

    319.1        287.5        31.6        31.9        (0.3     11.0%         11.1%         (0.1)%   

Obesity Intervention

    243.3        258.2        (14.9     (18.2     3.3        (5.8)%        (7.0)%        1.2%    

Facial Aesthetics

    283.8        218.1        65.7        62.2        3.5        30.1%         28.5%         1.6%    
                                             

Total Medical Devices

    846.2        763.8        82.4        75.9        6.5        10.8%         9.9%         0.9%    
                                             

Total product net sales

  $ 4,819.6      $ 4,447.6      $ 372.0      $ 333.3      $ 38.7        8.4%         7.5%         0.9%    
                                             

Domestic product net sales

    62.6     65.4            

International product net sales

    37.4     34.6            

Selected Product Net Sales (a):

               

Alphagan ®  P Alphagan ® and  Combigan ®

  $ 401.6      $ 414.5      $ (12.9   $ (15.6   $ 2.7        (3.1)%        (3.8)%        0.7%    

Lumigan ® Franchise

    526.7        456.5        70.2        71.3        (1.1     15.4%         15.6%         (0.2)%   

Restasis ®

    620.5        522.9        97.6        96.7        0.9        18.7%         18.5%         0.2%    

Sanctura ® Franchise

    62.5        65.6        (3.1     (3.1            (4.7)%        (4.7)%        —%    

Latisse ®

    81.8        73.7        8.1        7.6        0.5        11.0%         10.4%         0.6%    

 

71


Table of Contents
    Year Ended December 31,     Change in
Product Net Sales
    Percent Change
in Product Net Sales
 
         2009               2008                Total           Performance       Currency             Total           Performance       Currency    
    (in millions)                    

Net Sales by Product Line:

               

Specialty Pharmaceuticals:

               

Eye Care Pharmaceuticals

  $ 2,100.6      $ 2,009.1      $ 91.5      $ 144.9      $ (53.4     4.6%         7.2%         (2.6)%   

Botox ® /Neuromodulator

    1,309.6        1,310.9        (1.3     32.5        (33.8     (0.1)%        2.5%         (2.6)%   

Skin Care

    208.0        113.7        94.3        94.4        (0.1     82.9%         83.0%         (0.1)%   

Urologics

    65.6        68.6        (3.0     (3.0            (4.4)%        (4.4)%        —%    
                                             

Total Specialty
Pharmaceuticals

    3,683.8        3,502.3        181.5        268.8        (87.3     5.2%         7.7%         (2.5)%   
                                             

Medical Devices:

               

Breast Aesthetics

    287.5        310.0        (22.5     (15.2     (7.3     (7.3)%        (4.9)%        (2.4)%   

Obesity Intervention

    258.2        296.0        (37.8     (32.2     (5.6     (12.8)%        (10.9)%        (1.9)%   

Facial Aesthetics

    218.1        231.4        (13.3     (7.1     (6.2     (5.7)%        (3.1)%        (2.6)%   
                                             

Total Medical Devices

    763.8        837.4        (73.6     (54.5     (19.1     (8.8)%        (6.5)%        (2.3)%   
                                             

Total product net sales

  $ 4,447.6      $ 4,339.7      $ 107.9      $ 214.3      $ (106.4     2.5%         4.9%         (2.4)%   
                                             

Domestic product net sales

    65.4     64.6            

International product net sales

    34.6     35.4            

Selected Product Net Sales (a):

               

Alphagan ®  P Alphagan ® and  Combigan ®

  $ 414.5      $ 398.1      $ 16.4      $ 26.8      $ (10.4     4.1%         6.7%         (2.6)%   

Lumigan ® Franchise

    456.5        426.2        30.3        46.4        (16.1     7.1%         10.9%         (3.8)%   

Restasis ®

    522.9        444.0        78.9        79.1        (0.2     17.8%         17.8%         —%    

Sanctura ® Franchise

    65.6        68.2        (2.6     (2.6            (3.8)%        (3.8)%        —%    

Latisse ®

    73.7               73.7        73.7               —%         —%         —%    

 

 

(a)

Percentage change in selected product net sales is calculated on amounts reported to the nearest whole dollar.

Product Net Sales

Product net sales increased by $372.0 million in 2010 compared to 2009 due to an increase of $289.6 million in our specialty pharmaceuticals product net sales and an increase of $82.4 million in our medical devices product net sales. The increase in specialty pharmaceuticals product net sales is due to increases in product net sales of our eye care pharmaceuticals, Botox ® , and skin care product lines, partially offset by a small decrease in product net sales of our urologics product line. The increase in medical devices product net sales reflects an increase in product net sales of our breast aesthetics and facial aesthetics product lines, partially offset by a decrease in product net sales of our obesity intervention product line.

Several of our products, including Botox ® Cosmetic, Latisse ® and our facial aesthetics, obesity intervention and breast implant products, are purchased based on consumer choice and have limited reimbursement or are not reimbursable by government or other health care plans and are, therefore, partially or wholly paid for directly by the consumer. As such, the general economic environment and level of consumer spending have a significant effect on our sales of these products.

In March 2010, the U.S. government enacted the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, as amended by the Health Care and Education Affordability Reconciliation Act, collectively, the PPACA, reforming the U.S. health care system. The PPACA includes provisions that we believe will have a significant negative impact on our product net sales, including an extension of Medicaid and Medicare benefits to new patient populations, an increase in Medicaid rebates owed by manufacturers under the Medicaid Drug Rebate Program, a future increase in the initial coverage limit for Medicare participants, future annual non-deductible fees on entities that manufacture or import branded prescription drugs offered for

 

72


Table of Contents

sale in the United States, and future excise taxes on the sales of medical devices in the United States. In 2010, we recognized a reduction in product net sales of approximately $14.8 million for additional rebates related to the PPACA. Based on internal information and assumptions, we currently estimate that the PPACA will have a negative impact on our fiscal year 2011 product net sales and operating expenses, resulting in a negative impact on our earnings on a pre-tax equivalent basis of approximately $70.0 million. In addition, we expect incremental price reductions and rebate increases mandated by European governments to also have a negative impact on our pre-tax earnings of approximately $30.0 million. In the aggregate, the incremental costs of the PPACA and European pricing pressures will have a negative impact on our fiscal year 2011 earnings on a pre-tax equivalent basis of approximately $100.0 million.

Eye care pharmaceuticals product net sales increased in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to an increase in net sales of Restasis ® , our therapeutic treatment for chronic dry eye disease, an increase in sales of our glaucoma drug Lumigan ® 0.03%, an increase in sales of Ganfort , our Lumigan ® and timolol combination for the treatment of glaucoma, an increase in new product sales of Lumigan ® 0.01%, which was launched in the United States in the fourth quarter of 2010, an increase in sales of Combigan ® , our Alphagan ®  and timolol combination for the treatment of glaucoma, an increase in sales of Alphagan ®   P 0.1%, an increase in sales of Ozurdex ® , our biodegradable, sustained-release steroid implant for the treatment of certain retinal diseases, an increase in new product sales of Zymaxid ® , our next-generation anti-infective product in the fluoroquinolone category indicated for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis, which was launched in the second quarter of 2010, an increase in sales of Acuvail ® , our next-generation preservative-free, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, which was launched in the third quarter of 2009, and an increase in sales of our artificial tears products Refresh ® and Refresh ® Optive , partially offset by a decrease in sales of our glaucoma drugs Alphagan ® and Alphagan ® P 0.15%, our older-generation fluoroquinolone Zymar ® and our non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Acular ® and Acular LS ® .

Aggregate product net sales for Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15%, Acular ® , and Acular LS ® decreased approximately $146.4 million in 2010 compared to 2009, primarily due to generic competition in the United States. However, total product net sales for our Alphagan ® franchise, which includes Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15%, Alphagan ® P 0.1% and Combigan ® , and our products containing ketorolac, which include Acular ® , Acular LS ® and Acuvail ® , decreased approximately $86.9 million in the aggregate in 2010 compared to 2009. While we estimate that our product net sales will continue to be negatively impacted due to sales of generic formulations of Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15%, Acular ® , and Acular LS ® , we expect that any such negative impact on product net sales will be partially offset by increased sales of Alphagan ® P 0.1%, Combigan ® and Acuvail ® . In addition, we expect generic versions of Zymar ® and Elestat ® to be launched in the United States in early 2011. While we estimate that our product net sales will be negatively impacted in 2011 due to sales of generic formulations of these products, we expect that any such negative impact on product net sales will be partially offset by increased sales of Zymaxid ®  and Lastacaft , our topical allergy medication for the treatment and prevention of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis, which we launched in January 2011. We do not believe that our liquidity will be materially impacted in 2011 by generic competition.

We increased prices on certain eye care pharmaceutical products in the United States in 2010. Effective January 9, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price for Combigan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.1% and Zymar ® by five percent, Restasis ® by four percent, Elestat ® by ten percent and Acular ® and Acular LS ® by three percent. Effective April 3, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price of Lumigan ® by six percent. Effective July 10, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price of Alphagan ® P 0.15% by eight percent and Acular ® , Acular LS ® , and Acuvail ® by three percent. Effective October 2, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price of Restasis ® by an additional five percent, Alphagan ® P 0.1% by an additional four percent, and Combigan ® by an additional six percent. These price increases had a positive net effect on our U.S. sales in 2010 compared to 2009, but the actual net effect is difficult to determine due to the various managed care sales rebate and other incentive programs in which we participate. Wholesaler buying patterns and the change in dollar value of the prescription product mix also affected our reported net sales dollars, although we are unable to determine the impact of these effects.

 

73


Table of Contents


        Total sales of Botox ® increased in 2010 compared to 2009 due to an increase in sales of Botox ® for both cosmetic and therapeutic use in all of our principal geographic markets. We believe sales of Botox ® , primarily Botox ® Cosmetic, were negatively impacted in 2010 by the introduction of a competitive product that was launched in the United States in June 2009. Based on internal information and assumptions, we estimate in 2010 that Botox ® therapeutic sales accounted for approximately 51% of total consolidated Botox ® sales and grew at a rate of approximately 6% compared to 2009. In 2010, Botox ® Cosmetic sales accounted for approximately 49% of total consolidated Botox ® sales and increased by approximately 11% compared to 2009. We believe our worldwide market share for neuromodulators, including Botox ® , was approximately 77% in the third quarter of 2010, the last quarter for which market data is available.

Skin care product net sales increased in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to an increase in sales of Latisse ® , our treatment for inadequate or insufficient eyelashes, an increase in sales of Aczone ® , our topical dapsone treatment for acne vulgaris, and a small increase in total sales of Tazorac ® , Zorac ® and Avage ® , our topical tazarotene products. Effective January 9, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price for Aczone ® by approximately ten to sixteen percent, depending on package size, and Tazorac ® and Avage ® by approximately ten percent. Effective June 5, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list prices of Aczone ® by approximately an additional six percent and Tazorac ® and Avage ® by approximately an additional ten percent. Effective October 2, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list prices of  Tazorac ® and Avage ® by approximately an additional ten percent. We expect a generic version of our Tazorac ® cream product to be launched in the United States in mid-2011 and estimate that our product net sales will be negatively impacted in 2011 due to sales of generic formulations of this product.

Urologics sales, which are presently concentrated in the United States and consist of our Sanctura ® franchise products for the treatment of overactive bladder, decreased in 2010 compared to 2009, primarily due to lower sales of Sanctura ® , our twice-a-day anticholinergic for the treatment of overactive bladder, or OAB, which was negatively impacted by the launch of trospium chloride generics at the beginning of September 2010, partially offset by a small increase in sales of Sanctura  XR ® , our second generation, once-daily anticholinergic for the treatment of OAB. In the third quarter of 2009, we entered into a co-promotion agreement with Quintiles Transnational Corp., or Quintiles, under which Quintiles began to promote Sanctura XR ® to general practitioners in the United States. In the third quarter of 2010, we terminated the co-promotion agreement with Quintiles due to lower than anticipated sales of Sanctura XR ® in the general practitioner market. We continue to focus our internal sales efforts on Sanctura XR ® in the urology specialty market. Effective January 9, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price for Sanctura ® by approximately nine percent. Effective February 20, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price for Sanctura XR ® by six percent. Effective July 10, 2010, we increased the published U.S. list price of Sanctura XR ® by an additional three percent and Sanctura ® by an additional ten percent.

We have a policy to attempt to maintain average U.S. wholesaler inventory levels of our specialty pharmaceutical products at an amount less than eight weeks of our net sales. At December 31, 2010, based on available external and internal information, we believe the amount of average U.S. wholesaler inventories of our specialty pharmaceutical products was near the lower end of our stated policy levels.

Breast aesthetics product net sales, which consist primarily of sales of silicone gel and saline breast implants and tissue expanders, increased in 2010 compared to 2009 due to increases in sales in all of our principal geographic markets. The increase in sales of breast aesthetics products in the United States was primarily due to higher unit volume and the continued transition of the U.S. market to higher priced silicone gel products from lower priced saline products. The overall increase in sales of breast aesthetics products in our international markets was primarily due to higher unit volume.

Obesity intervention product net sales, which consist primarily of sales of devices used for minimally invasive long-term treatments of obesity such as our Lap-Band ® and Lap-Band AP ® Systems and Orbera

 

74


Table of Contents

System, decreased in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to a decrease in sales in the United States, partially offset by increases in sales in most markets in Europe, Latin America and Canada. We believe sales of obesity intervention products in the United States and other principal geographic markets continued to be negatively impacted in 2010 by general economic conditions given the substantial patient co-pays associated with these products and government spending restrictions.

Facial aesthetics product net sales, which consist primarily of sales of hyaluronic acid-based and collagen-based dermal fillers used to correct facial wrinkles, increased in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily due to significant increases in sales in the United States, Canada and all of our other principal geographic markets. We believe the increase in sales of facial aesthetic products was primarily due to the February 2010 launch of Juvéderm ® XC with lidocaine in the United States and recent launches of Juvéderm ® with lidocaine and Juvéderm ® Voluma in other international markets, an expansion of the facial aesthetics market and an increase in our share of the hyaluronic acid-based dermal filler market, partially offset by a decline in sales of older generation collagen-based dermal fillers. We currently expect to discontinue selling collagen-based dermal fillers during 2011.

Foreign currency changes increased product net sales by $38.7 million in 2010 compared to 2009, primarily due to the strengthening of the Canadian dollar, Brazilian real and Australian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar, partially offset by the weakening of the euro compared to the U.S. dollar.

U.S. product net sales as a percentage of total product net sales decreased by 2.8 percentage points to 62.6% in 2010 compared to U.S. sales of 65.4% in 2009, due primarily to higher sales growth in our international markets compared to the U.S. market for our eye care pharmaceuticals, Botox ® and obesity intervention product lines, partially offset by an increase in sales of our skin care products, which are highly concentrated in the United States. Additionally, international sales benefited from a positive translation impact due to a general strengthening of foreign currencies compared to the U.S. dollar in markets where we sold products in 2010 compared to 2009.

Product net sales increased by $107.9 million in 2009 compared to 2008 due to an increase of $181.5 million in our specialty pharmaceuticals product net sales, partially offset by a decrease of $73.6 million in our medical devices product net sales. The increase in specialty pharmaceuticals product net sales is due to sales increases in our eye care pharmaceutical and skin care product lines, partially offset by small decreases in our Botox ® and urologics product lines. The decrease in medical devices product net sales reflects a decrease in product net sales across all of our medical device product lines. Net sales were negatively affected by a general weakening of foreign currencies compared to the U.S. dollar in the foreign countries where we operated during 2009 compared to 2008.

Eye care pharmaceuticals product net sales increased in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to strong growth in sales of Restasis ® , our therapeutic treatment for chronic dry eye disease, an increase in sales of Combigan ® , our Alphagan ® and timolol combination for the treatment of glaucoma, an increase in sales of  Ganfort , our Lumigan ® and timolol combination for the treatment of glaucoma, an increase in sales of Alphagan ® P 0.1%, our most recent generation of Alphagan ® for the treatment of glaucoma and an increase in new product sales of Acuvail ® , our next-generation preservative-free, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory, which we launched in the United States in the third quarter of 2009, partially offset by lower sales of our glaucoma drugs Alphagan ® and Alphagan ® P 0.15%, lower sales of our non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs Acular ® and Acular LS ® and a small decline in sales in dollars of artificial tears products. Generic formulations of Alphagan ® , Alphagan ® P 0.15%, Acular ® and Acular LS ® had a negative effect on our sales of these products in 2009. We estimate the majority of the increase in our eye care pharmaceuticals sales was due to an overall net increase in the volume of product sold and a shift in sales mix to a greater percentage of higher priced products, partially offset by the negative impact on our international product net sales from a general weakening of foreign currencies compared to the U.S. dollar.

 

75


Table of Contents


        During 2009, we increased the published list prices for certain eye care pharmaceutical products in the United States. Effective January 3, 2009, we increased the published U.S. list price for Combigan ® , Lumigan ® and Zymar ® by five percent , Alphagan ®  P 0.15%, Alphagan ® P 0.1%, Acular ® and Acular LS ® by eight percent, and Elestat ® by seven percent, and effective January 24, 2009, we increased the published list price in the United States for Restasis ® by five percent. Effective April 1, 2009, we increased the published U.S. list price of Acular ® and Acular LS ® by an additional nine percent, and effective May 2, 2009, we increased the published U.S. list price of Alphagan ®  P 0.15% by an additional eight percent. Effective August 1, 2009, we increased the published U.S. list price of Alphagan ®  P 0.15%, Acular ® and Acular LS ® by an additional eight percent and Alphagan ® P 0.1% by an additional five percent. Effective October 3, 2009, we increased the published U.S. list price of Combigan ® , Lumigan ® and Restasis ® by an additional five percent and Zymar ® by an additional seven percent. These price increases had a positive net effect on our U.S. sales for 2009 compared to 2008, but the actual net effect is difficult to determine due to the various managed care sales rebate and other incentive programs in which we participate. Wholesaler buying patterns and the change in dollar value of prescription product mix also affected our reported net sales dollars, although we are unable to determine the impact of these effects.

Botox ® product net sales decreased slightly in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to the negative impact of a general weakening of foreign currencies compared to the U.S. dollar on our international Botox ® sales and a decrease in sales of Botox ® Cosmetic in the United States, partially offset by an increase in sales of Botox ® for therapeutic use in the United States and an increase in sales of Botox ® Cosmetic in Asia Pacific and Latin America. We believe sales of Botox ® , primarily Botox ® Cosmetic, were negatively impacted in 2009 by declines in consumer spending in most of our principal geographic markets and by the introduction of a competitive product in the United States. Based on internal information and assumptions, we estimate in 2009 that Botox ® therapeutic sales accounted for approximately 52% of total consolidated Botox ® sales and grew at a rate of approximately 4% compared to 2008. In 2009, Botox ® Cosmetic sales accounted for approximately 48% of total consolidated Botox ® sales and decreased by approximately 4% compared to 2008.

Skin care product net sales increased in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to new product sales of Latisse ® , our treatment for inadequate or insufficient eyelashes, which we launched in the United States in January 2009, and sales of Aczone ® , which we launched in the fourth quarter of 2008, partially offset by a decrease in sales of Tazorac ® , Zorac ® and Avage ® , our topical tazarotene products. We increased the published U.S. list price for Tazorac ® , Zorac ® and Avage ® by approximately ten percent effective January 3, 2009 and an additional nine percent effective October 3, 2009.

Urologics product net sales, which are presently concentrated in the United States and consist primarily of our Sanctura ® franchise products for the treatment of OAB, decreased in 2009 compared to 2008. Net sales of our Sanctura ® franchise products decreased $2.6 million to $65.6 million in 2009 compared to $68.2 million in 2008. In February 2009, we announced a restructuring plan to focus our sales efforts on the urology specialty market and to seek a partner to promote Sanctura XR ® , our once-daily anticholinergic for the treatment of OAB, to general practitioners, which resulted in a significant reduction in our urology sales force. In September 2009, we announced a co-promotion agreement with Quintiles, under which Quintiles will promote Sanctura XR ® to general practitioners in the United States. We increased the published U.S. list price for Sanctura XR ® by fourteen percent effective January 3, 2009 and by an additional seven percent on October 3, 2009. We increased the published U.S. list price for Sanctura ® , our twice-a-day anticholinergic for the treatment of OAB, by eight percent effective January 3, 2009, by an additional nine percent on June 1, 2009 and by an additional nine percent on October 3, 2009.

Breast aesthetics product net sales decreased in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to a decrease in sales in the United States, Europe, and Latin America, partially offset by a small increase in sales in Asia Pacific. The decline in sales of breast aesthetics products in the United States was primarily due to lower unit volume, partially offset by the transition from lower priced saline products to higher priced silicone gel products. We

 

76


Table of Contents

believe that sales of our breast aesthetics products were negatively impacted in 2009 by declines in consumer spending in all of our principal geographic markets.

Obesity intervention product net sales decreased in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to decreases in sales in the United States and most of our other principal geographic markets. Our Orbera System sales grew strongly on a small sales base. We believe sales of obesity intervention products in the United States and other principal geographic markets were negatively impacted in 2009 by declines in consumer spending given substantial patient co-pays.

Facial aesthetics product net sales decreased in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily due to a decrease in sales in the United States and Europe. The decrease in net sales of facial aesthetics products was partially offset by an increase in sales in Asia Pacific, Latin America and Canada, primarily due to the launch of Juvéderm ® Ultra with lidocaine in those markets. We believe sales of facial aesthetics products were negatively impacted in 2009 by declines in consumer spending in all of our principal geographic markets. Sales of facial aesthetics products were also negatively affected by a general decline in sales of older generation collagen-based dermal fillers.

Foreign currency changes decreased product net sales by $106.4 million in 2009 compared to 2008, primarily due to the weakening of the euro, U.K. pound, Brazilian real, Mexican peso, Australian dollar and Canadian dollar compared to the U.S. dollar.

U.S. product net sales as a percentage of total product net sales increased by 0.8 percentage points to 65.4% in 2009 compared to U.S. sales of 64.6% in 2008, due primarily to an increase in U.S skin care net sales and an increase in U.S. sales of eye care pharmaceuticals as a percentage of total eye care pharmaceutical net sales, partially offset by a decline in U.S. product net sales as a percentage of total product net sales for Botox ® and our medical device product lines. A significant portion of the increase in U.S. sales as a percentage of total product net sales in 2009 compared to 2008 is related to the general weakening of foreign currencies compared to the U.S. dollar in countries where we operate.

Other Revenues

Other revenues increased $43.8 million to $99.8 million in 2010 compared to $56.0 million in 2009. The increase in other revenues is primarily related to an upfront net licensing fee of $36.0 million that we recognized in 2010 related to an agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb Company, or Bristol-Myers Squibb, for the exclusive worldwide rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize an investigational medicine for neuropathic pain, an increase in royalty income from sales of brimonidine products by Alcon, Inc. in the United States under a licensing agreement and an increase in royalty income from sales of Lumigan ® by Senju Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., or Senju, in Japan under a licensing agreement, partially offset by a decline in royalty and reimbursement income related to certain licensing and strategic support agreements with GlaxoSmithKline, or GSK, and a decline in other reimbursement income.

Other revenues decreased $7.7 million to $56.0 million in 2009 compared to $63.7 million in 2008. The decrease in other revenues in 2009 compared to 2008 is primarily due to a decrease in reimbursement income for services provided under co-promotion agreements related to Botox ® and our Lap-Band ® obesity intervention products, lower royalty income on sales of Botox ® in Japan and China by GSK, and a decline in other reimbursement income. The decline in other revenues was partially offset by an increase in royalty income due primarily to sales of brimonidine products by Alcon, Inc. in the United States under a licensing agreement, and sales of Lumigan ® in Japan by Senju under a licensing agreement.

 

77


Table of Contents

Income and Expenses

The following table sets forth the relationship to product net sales of various items in our consolidated statements of earnings:

 

100.0 100.0 100.0
     Year Ended December 31,  
         2010             2009             2008      

Product net sales

     100.0     100.0     100.0

Other revenues

     2.1        1.3        1.5   

Operating costs and expenses:

      

Cost of sales (excludes amortization of acquired
intangible assets)

     15.0        16.9        17.5   

Selling, general and administrative

     41.9        43.2        42.8   

Research and development

     16.7        15.9        18.4   

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

     2.9        3.3        3.5   

Legal settlement

     12.6                 

Intangible asset impairment and related costs

     7.7                 

Restructuring charges

            1.1        1.0   
                        

Operating income

     5.3        20.9        18.3   

Non-operating expense

     (1.8     (1.8     (0.7
                        

Earnings before income taxes

     3.5     19.1     17.6
                        

Net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc.

     0.0     14.0     13.0
                        

Cost of Sales

Cost of sales decreased $28.9 million, or 3.8%, in 2010 to $722.0 million, or 15.0% of product net sales, compared to $750.9 million, or 16.9% of product net sales in 2009. Cost of sales in 2009 includes charges of $14.4 million for the rollout of retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs capitalized in inventory related to the phased closure of our Arklow, Ireland breast implant manufacturing facility, $5.0 million related to the modification of certain employee stock options in connection with our 2009 restructuring plan and $0.8 million for the purchase accounting fair market value inventory adjustment rollout related to our acquisition of Samil. Excluding the effect of these charges, cost of sales decreased $8.7 million, or 1.2%, in 2010 compared to 2009. This decrease in cost of sales, excluding the charges described above, primarily resulted from a decrease in cost of sales as a percentage of product net sales for our eye care pharmaceuticals, primarily due to lower royalty expenses and positive, volume-based manufacturing efficiencies, and for our breast aesthetics and facial aesthetics products, primarily due to manufacturing efficiencies and positive changes in product mix, and an overall decrease in provisions for inventory reserves, partially offset by the 8.4% increase in product net sales.

Cost of sales decreased $10.3 million, or 1.4%, in 2009 to $750.9 million, or 16.9% of product net sales, compared to $761.2 million, or 17.5% of product net sales in 2008. Cost of sales in 2009 includes charges of $14.4 million for the rollout of retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs capitalized in inventory related to the phased closure of our Arklow, Ireland breast implant manufacturing facility, $5.0 million related to the modification of certain employee stock options in connection with our 2009 restructuring plan and $0.8 million for the purchase accounting fair market value inventory adjustment rollout related to our acquisition of Samil. Cost of sales in 2008 includes charges of $11.7 million for the purchase accounting fair market value inventory adjustment rollout related to the Esprit acquisition and $8.8 million for the rollout of retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs capitalized in inventory related to the phased closure of our Arklow, Ireland breast implant manufacturing facility. Excluding the effect of these charges, cost of sales decreased $10.0 million, or 1.4%, in 2009 compared to 2008. This decrease in cost of sales, excluding the

 

78


Table of Contents

charges described above, primarily resulted from a change in the mix of product net sales due to the combined effect of the increase of our specialty pharmaceuticals product net sales and decline in our medical devices product net sales in 2009 compared to 2008. Generally, our specialty pharmaceutical products have lower cost of sales as a percentage of product net sales than our medical device products. Cost of sales as a percentage of product net sales decreased for our total specialty pharmaceuticals products and increased slightly for our total medical devices products in 2009 compared to 2008.

Selling, General and Administrative

Selling, general and administrative, or SG&A, expenses increased $96.1 million, or 5.0%, to $2,017.6 million, or 41.9% of product net sales, in 2010 compared to $1,921.5 million, or 43.2% of product net sales, in 2009. SG&A expenses in 2010 include $14.4 million of costs associated with the DOJ investigation relating to sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® and related derivative litigation costs associated with the DOJ settlement announced in September 2010, a charge of $33.0 million related to the termination of a distributor agreement in Turkey, a $10.6 million charge for the write-off of manufacturing assets related to the abandonment of an eye care product, and a $7.9 million charge related to the change in fair value of a contingent consideration liability associated with our purchase of a distributor’s business in Turkey. SG&A expenses in 2009 include a $52.6 million charge related to the modification of certain employee stock options and $2.3 million in asset write-offs in connection with our 2009 restructuring plan, $32.2 million of costs associated with the DOJ investigation relating to sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® , an $18.0 million contribution to The Allergan Foundation, a $14.0 million gain on the settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement related to an eye care pharmaceuticals product and $0.4 million of integration and transition costs related to our acquisition of Groupe Cornéal Laboratoires, or Cornéal. Excluding the effect of the items described above, SG&A expenses increased $121.7 million, or 6.7%, to $1,951.7 million, or 40.5% of product net sales, in 2010 compared to $1,830.0 million, or 41.1% of product net sales in 2009. The increase in SG&A expenses in dollars, excluding the charges described above, primarily relates to increases in selling, marketing, and general and administrative expenses, partially offset by a decrease in promotion costs. The increase in selling and marketing expenses in 2010 compared to 2009 principally relates to increased personnel and related incentive compensation costs that support the 8.4% increase in product net sales, additional costs related to the expansion of our sales forces in Asia, Poland and Turkey, and additional selling costs related to an agreement with Quintiles to promote Sanctura XR ® to general practitioners in the United States. The increase in general and administrative expenses is primarily due to an increase in legal expenses, incentive compensation costs, information systems and human resource administrative costs, an increase in losses from the disposal of fixed assets, and an increase in regional management costs related to our expansion of direct selling operations in Asia. The decrease in promotion expenses is primarily due to a decrease in direct-to-consumer advertising for the Lap-Band ® System, Latisse ® and Juvéderm ® , partially offset by increases in direct-to-consumer advertising for Botox ® Cosmetic and Restasis ® . The decrease in SG&A expenses as a percentage of product net sales, excluding the items described above, in 2010 compared to 2009 is primarily due to the lower 6.7% increase in SG&A expenses relative to the higher 8.4% increase in product net sales during the same period.

SG&A expenses increased $65.4 million, or 3.5%, to $1,921.5 million, or 43.2% of product net sales, in 2009 compared to $1,856.1 million, or 42.8% of product net sales, in 2008. SG&A expenses in 2009 include a $52.6 million charge related to the modification of certain employee stock options and $2.3 million in asset write-offs in connection with our 2009 restructuring plan, $32.2 million of costs associated with the DOJ investigation relating to sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® , an $18.0 million contribution to The Allergan Foundation, a $14.0 million gain on the settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement related to an eye care pharmaceuticals product and $0.4 million of integration and transition costs related to our acquisition of Cornéal. In 2008, SG&A expenses included $25.7 million of costs associated with the DOJ investigation relating to sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® , a $13.2 million settlement related to the termination of a distribution agreement in Korea, an impairment of an intangible asset of

 

79


Table of Contents

$5.6 million related to the phase out of a collagen product, $2.1 million of integration and transition costs related to the acquisitions of Esprit and Cornéal, $0.9 million of termination benefits and asset impairments related to the phased closure of our breast implant manufacturing facility in Arklow, Ireland, $0.6 million of costs related to our acquisition of the Aczone ® assets and $0.9 million of gains on the sale of fixed assets and technology related to the phased closure of our collagen manufacturing facility in Fremont, California. Excluding the effect of the items described above, SG&A expenses increased $21.1 million, or 1.2%, to $1,830.0 million, or 41.1% of product net sales, in 2009 compared to $1,808.9 million, or 41.7% of product net sales in 2008. The increase in SG&A expenses in dollars in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily relates to an increase in promotion expenses, partially offset by a decline in selling expenses and general and administrative expenses. The increase in promotion expenses was primarily due to launch-related expenses for Latisse ® and direct-to-consumer advertising for Latisse ® and Restasis ® . The decrease in selling expenses and general and administrative expenses, excluding the items discussed above, principally relates to a decline in personnel and related incentive compensation costs due to the impact of our 2009 restructuring plan, partially offset by additional selling expenses associated with the launches of Latisse ® in 2009 and Aczone ® in the fourth quarter of 2008. The decrease in SG&A expenses as a percentage of product net sales, excluding the items described above, in 2009 compared to 2008 is primarily due to the lower 1.2% increase in SG&A expenses relative to the higher 2.5% increase in product net sales during the same period.

Research and Development

Research and development, or R&D, expenses increased $98.6 million, or 14.0%, to $804.6 million in 2010, or 16.7% of product net sales, compared to $706.0 million, or 15.9% of product net sales in 2009. R&D expenses in 2010 included a charge of $43.0 million for an upfront payment for the in-licensing of technology for treatment of nocturia, a urological disorder characterized by frequent urination at nighttime, from Serenity Pharmaceuticals, LLC, or Serenity, that has not yet achieved regulatory approval. R&D expenses in 2009 included a charge of $10.0 million for an upfront payment for the in-licensing of technology for the treatment of diseases of the eye from Pieris AG that has not yet achieved regulatory approval and a $21.0 million charge related to the modification of certain employee stock options in connection with our 2009 restructuring plan. Excluding the effect of the charges described above, R&D expenses increased by $86.6 million, or 12.8%, to $761.6 million in 2010, or 15.8% of product net sales, compared to $675.0 million, or 15.2% of product net sales, in 2009. The increase in R&D expenses in dollars, excluding these charges, and as a percentage of product net sales, was primarily due to increased spending on next generation eye care pharmaceuticals products for the treatment of glaucoma and retinal diseases, Latisse ® in international markets, Botox ® for the treatment of overactive bladder, hyaluronic-acid based dermal filler products, tissue regeneration technology acquired in the Serica acquisition and obesity intervention products, partially offset by a reduction in expenses related to the development of Ozurdex ® for retinal vein occlusion and the development of Botox ® for the treatment of chronic migraine, and a small decrease in spending for certain urology products and new technology discovery programs.

R&D expenses decreased $91.9 million, or 11.5%, to $706.0 million in 2009, or 15.9% of product net sales, compared to $797.9 million, or 18.4% of product net sales in 2008. R&D expenses in 2009 included a charge of $10.0 million for an upfront payment for the in-licensing of technology for the treatment of diseases of the eye from Pieris AG that has not yet achieved regulatory approval and a $21.0 million charge related to the modification of certain employee stock options in connection with our 2009 restructuring plan. R&D expenses in 2008 included a charge of $41.5 million for an upfront payment for the in-licensing of apaziquone, an antineoplastic agent currently being investigated for the treatment of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, from Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a charge of $13.9 million for an upfront payment for the in-licensing of Sanctura XR ® product rights in Canada, where the product has not yet achieved regulatory approval, a charge of $7.0 million for an upfront payment for the in-licensing of pre-clinical drug compounds to treat diseases of the eye from Polyphor Ltd. and a charge of $6.3 million for an upfront payment for the in-licensing of preclinical drug compounds to treat diseases of the eye from Asterand plc. Excluding the effect of the charges described above, R&D expenses decreased by $54.2 million, or 7.4%, to $675.0 million in 2009, or 15.2% of product net

 

80


Table of Contents


sales, compared to $729.2 million, or 16.8% of product net sales, in 2008. The decrease in R&D expenses in dollars, excluding these charges, and as a percentage of product net sales, was primarily a result of a reduction in spending on certain new technology discovery programs, the completion of several late-stage development programs for eye care pharmaceutical products, including Ozurdex ® , Trivaris and Acuvail ® , a reduction in expenses related to the filing in the third quarter of 2009 of the sBLA with the FDA for the use of Botox ® to treat chronic migraine, and a reduction in development expenses for Latisse ® , partially offset by an increase in expenses for the development of Juvéderm ® Ultra XC and Ultra Plus XC with lidocaine and the development of urology products, primarily apaziquone.

Amortization of Acquired Intangible Assets

Amortization of acquired intangible assets decreased $8.3 million to $138.0 million in 2010, or 2.9% of product net sales, compared to $146.3 million, or 3.3% of product net sales in 2009. The decrease in amortization expense in dollars and as a percentage of product net sales is primarily due to the impairment of the Sanctura ® intangible assets in the third quarter of 2010 and a decline in amortization expense associated with customer relationships acquired in connection with our 2006 acquisition of Inamed Corporation, or Inamed, the majority of which became fully amortized at the end of the first quarter of 2009, partially offset by an increase in the balance of intangible assets subject to amortization, including developed technology that we acquired in connection with our January 2010 acquisition of Serica, a capitalized upfront licensing payment in September 2010 for an eye care product previously approved for marketing and an acquired intangible asset related to an eye care pharmaceuticals product that we purchased in the fourth quarter of 2009 as part of a settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement, licensing assets related to Botox ® Cosmetic distribution rights in Japan and China that we reacquired in the first quarter of 2010, and other intangible assets that we acquired in connection with our July 2010 purchase of our distributor’s business related to our products in Turkey and our July 2009 acquisition of Samil.

Amortization of acquired intangible assets decreased $4.6 million to $146.3 million in 2009, or 3.3% of product net sales, compared to $150.9 million, or 3.5% of product net sales in 2008. The decrease in amortization expense in dollars and as a percentage of product net sales is primarily due to a decline in amortization expense associated with customer relationships acquired in connection with our 2006 acquisition of Inamed, the majority of which became fully amortized at the end of the first quarter of 2009, partially offset by an increase in the balance of other intangible assets subject to amortization, primarily related to our July 2008 purchase of the Aczone ® developed technology and a December 2008 milestone payment related to Latisse ® .

Legal Settlement

In 2010, we recorded total pre-tax charges of $609.2 million in connection with the global settlement with the DOJ regarding our past U.S. sales and marketing practices relating to certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® . This amount includes a criminal fine of $350.0 million related to a single misdemeanor “misbranding” charge, $25.0 million in forfeited assets, a civil settlement of $225.0 million to resolve civil claims asserted by the DOJ, and estimated interest and certain attorneys’ fees that we are obligated to pay in connection with the global settlement, but excludes our ongoing administrative legal fees and other costs. The “misbranding” charge is known as a strict liability offense, and does not involve false or deceptive conduct.

Intangible Asset Impairment and Related Costs

In the third quarter of 2010, we concluded that the intangible assets and a related prepaid royalty asset associated with the Sanctura ® franchise, which we acquired in connection with our 2007 acquisition of Esprit and certain subsequent licensing and commercialization transactions, had become impaired. As a result, in the third quarter of 2010, we recorded an aggregate charge of $369.1 million related to the impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets and related costs, which includes charges for impairing the intangible assets and a related

 

81


Table of Contents

prepaid royalty asset and estimated costs associated with the termination of a third-party agreement primarily related to the promotion of Sanctura XR ® to general practitioners in the United States.

Restructuring Charges

Restructuring charges in 2010 were $0.3 million. Restructuring charges in 2009 were $50.9 million, consisting of $42.2 million related to the 2009 restructuring plan, $8.4 million related to the restructuring and phased closure of the Arklow facility and $0.3 million of other restructuring charges. Restructuring charges in 2008 were $41.3 million, consisting of $27.2 million related to the restructuring and phased closure of the Arklow facility, $6.6 million related to the restructuring and integration of the Cornéal operations and $7.5 million of other restructuring charges.

2009 Restructuring Plan

On February 4, 2009, we announced a restructuring plan that involved a workforce reduction of approximately 460 employees, primarily in the United States and Europe. The majority of the employees affected by the restructuring plan were U.S. urology sales and marketing personnel as a result of our decision to focus on the urology specialty and to seek a partner to promote Sanctura XR ® to general practitioners, and furthermore marketing personnel in the United States and Europe as we adjusted our back-office structures to a reduced short-term sales outlook for some businesses. The restructuring plan also included modest workforce reductions in other functions as we re-engineered our processes to increase efficiency and productivity.

As part of the restructuring plan, we modified the outstanding stock options issued in our February 2008 full-round employee stock option grant. The stock options were originally granted with an exercise price of $64.47 with a standard four year graded vesting term, a ten year contractual term, and standard 90 day expiration upon termination of employment provisions. These options were modified to be immediately vested in full and to remove the 90 day expiration upon termination of employment provision. Because the modified awards became fully vested and there was no future derived service period, all unamortized compensation expense related to the original grant and the additional compensation expense attributable to the modification of the awards was recognized in full on the modification date.

In addition, the contractual provisions of outstanding stock options, other than the February 2008 full-round employee stock option grant, held by employees impacted by the workforce reduction were modified to extend the stock option expiration dates. Under the original contractual provisions, outstanding stock options held by employees involved in a workforce reduction automatically become fully vested upon termination of employment and the stock options expire after the earlier of 90 days from termination of employment or the remaining stock option contractual term. Under the modified terms, stock options for the impacted employees will expire after the earlier of three years from termination of employment or the remaining contractual term. All unamortized compensation expense related to the original stock option awards plus the incremental compensation expense associated with the modifications was recognized ratably from the modification date to the employees’ expected termination date. The fair value of the modifications to all share-based awards was generally estimated using a lattice model. The total incremental pre-tax compensation expense associated with the modifications attributable to the 2009 restructuring plan was $11.0 million.

We began to record costs associated with the 2009 restructuring plan in the first quarter of 2009 and substantially completed all activities related to the restructuring plan in the second quarter of 2009. The restructuring charges primarily consist of employee severance and other one-time termination benefits. During 2009, we recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $42.2 million and recognized a total of $78.6 million related to employee stock option modifications, consisting of $5.0 million of cost of sales, $52.6 million in SG&A expenses and $21.0 million in R&D expenses, and recognized $2.3 million of asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation costs in SG&A expenses.

 

82


Table of Contents

Restructuring and Phased Closure of Arklow Facility

On January 30, 2008, we announced the phased closure of our breast implant manufacturing facility at Arklow, Ireland and the transfer of production to our manufacturing plant in Costa Rica. The Arklow facility was acquired by us in connection with our 2006 acquisition of Inamed and employed approximately 360 people. As of March 31, 2009, all production activities at the Arklow facility had ceased. Certain employee retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production in Arklow were capitalized to inventory as incurred and recognized as cost of sales in the periods the related products were sold.

We began to record costs associated with the closure of the Arklow manufacturing facility in the first quarter of 2008 and substantially completed all activities related to the restructuring and phased closure of the Arklow facility in the third quarter of 2009. As of December 31, 2009, we had recorded cumulative pre-tax restructuring charges of $35.6 million, cumulative costs for the rollout of capitalized employee termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production of $23.2 million and cumulative costs related to one-time termination benefits and asset impairments of $1.3 million. The restructuring charges primarily consist of employee severance, one-time termination benefits, contract termination costs and other costs related to the closure of the Arklow manufacturing facility. During 2010, we recorded a $0.3 million restructuring charge reversal. During 2009 and 2008, we recorded $8.4 million and $27.2 million of pre-tax restructuring charges, respectively. We did not incur any costs for the rollout of capitalized employee termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production during 2010. During 2009, we recognized $14.4 million of cost of sales for the rollout of capitalized employee retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production and $0.1 million of R&D expenses related to one-time termination benefits. During 2008, we recognized $8.8 million of cost of sales for the rollout of capitalized employee retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production, $0.9 million of SG&A expenses and $0.3 million of R&D expenses related to one-time termination benefits and asset impairments.

Other Restructuring Activities and Integration Costs

Included in 2010 are $0.8 million of restructuring charges primarily for employee severance related to our acquisition of Serica and a $0.2 million restructuring charge reversal for an abandoned leased facility related to our fiscal year 2005 restructuring and streamlining of our European operations.

Included in 2009 are a $0.3 million restructuring charge reversal related to the closure of our collagen manufacturing facility in Fremont, California, which was substantially completed in the fourth quarter of 2008, and $0.6 million of restructuring charges for an abandoned leased facility related to our fiscal year 2005 restructuring and streamlining of our European operations.

Included in 2008 are $3.4 million of restructuring charges related to the closure of our collagen manufacturing facility in Fremont, California, $4.0 million of restructuring charges for an abandoned leased facility related to our fiscal year 2005 restructuring and streamlining of our European operations, $6.6 million of restructuring charges related to our 2007 acquisition of Cornéal and $0.1 million of restructuring charges related to our 2007 acquisition of EndoArt SA, or EndoArt.

Included in 2010 are $1.1 million of SG&A expenses related to integration and transaction costs associated with the purchase of our distributor’s business related to our products in Turkey, $0.4 million of SG&A expenses related to transaction costs associated with the license, development and commercialization agreement with Serenity and $0.5 million of SG&A expenses related to integration and transaction costs associated with our acquisition of Serica. Included in 2009 are $0.4 million of SG&A expenses related to transaction costs associated with our acquisition of Samil and $0.4 million of SG&A expenses related to integration costs associated with our 2007 acquisition of Cornéal. Included in 2008 are $0.1 million of cost of sales and $2.1 million of SG&A expenses related to integration costs associated with our 2007 acquisitions of Esprit and Cornéal.

 

83


Table of Contents

Operating Income

Management evaluates business segment performance on an operating income basis exclusive of general and administrative expenses and other indirect costs, legal settlement expenses, intangible asset impairment and related costs, restructuring charges, in-process research and development expenses, amortization of certain identifiable intangible assets related to business combinations and asset acquisitions and related capitalized licensing costs and certain other adjustments, which are not allocated to our business segments for performance assessment by our chief operating decision maker. Other adjustments excluded from our business segments for purposes of performance assessment represent income or expenses that do not reflect, according to established Company-defined criteria, operating income or expenses associated with our core business activities.

For 2010, general and administrative expenses, other indirect costs and other adjustments not allocated to our business segments for purposes of performance assessment consisted of licensing fee income of $36.0 million for a development and commercialization agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb, general and administrative expenses of $343.8 million, costs associated with the DOJ investigation relating to sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® and related stockholder derivative litigation costs of $14.4 million, an upfront licensing fee included in R&D expenses of $43.0 million paid to Serenity for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval and related transaction costs of $0.4 million, a charge of $7.9 million for the change in fair value of a contingent consideration liability, a distributor termination fee of $33.0 million and integration and transaction costs of $1.1 million associated with the purchase of our distributor’s business related to our products in Turkey, the write-off of manufacturing assets related to the abandonment of an eye care product of $10.6 million, integration and transaction costs of $0.5 million related to our acquisition of Serica, and other net indirect costs of $16.2 million.

For 2009, general and administrative expenses, other indirect costs and other adjustments not allocated to our business segments for purposes of performance assessment consisted of general and administrative expenses of $299.1 million, compensation expense from stock option modifications of $78.6 million and asset impairments and accelerated depreciation costs of $2.3 million related to the 2009 restructuring plan, costs associated with the DOJ investigation relating to sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® of $32.2 million, termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to the phased closure of the Arklow facility of $14.5 million, a contribution to The Allergan Foundation of $18.0 million, an upfront payment for the in-licensing of technology that has not achieved regulatory approval of $10.0 million, integration and transition costs related to the Cornéal acquisition of $0.4 million, a purchase accounting fair market value inventory adjustment of $0.8 million and transaction costs of $0.4 million related to our joint venture investment in Korea, a gain on the settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement related to an eye care pharmaceuticals product of $14.0 million, and other net indirect costs of $14.4 million.

For 2008, general and administrative expenses, other indirect costs and other adjustments not allocated to our business segments for purposes of performance assessment consisted of general and administrative expenses of $317.5 million, charges of $68.7 million for upfront payments for technologies that have not achieved regulatory approval, costs associated with the DOJ investigation relating to sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® of $25.7 million, a $13.2 million charge related to the termination of a distribution agreement in Korea, a purchase accounting fair market value inventory adjustment related to the Esprit acquisition of $11.7 million, termination benefits, asset impairments and accelerated depreciation costs related to the phased closure of the Arklow facility of $10.0 million, impairment of an intangible asset of $5.6 million related to the phase out of a collagen product, integration and transition costs related to the acquisitions of Esprit and Cornéal of $2.2 million, transaction costs related to the Aczone ® asset acquisition of $0.6 million, gains on the sale of technology and fixed assets related to the phased closure of the Fremont facility of $0.9 million, and other net indirect costs of $20.9 million.

 

84


Table of Contents

The following table presents operating income for each reportable segment for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 and a reconciliation of our segments’ operating income to consolidated operating income:

 

$1,501.9 $1,501.9 $1,501.9
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions)  

Operating income:

        

Specialty pharmaceuticals

   $ 1,501.9       $ 1,370.8       $ 1,220.1   

Medical devices

     284.7         189.2         222.0   
                          

Total segments

     1,786.6         1,560.0         1,442.1   

General and administrative expenses, other indirect costs and other adjustments

     434.9         456.7         475.2   

Amortization of acquired intangible assets(a)

     114.5         124.4         129.6   

Legal settlement

     609.2                   

Intangible asset impairment and related costs

     369.1                   

Restructuring charges

     0.3         50.9         41.3   
                          

Total operating income

   $ 258.6       $ 928.0       $ 796.0   
                          

 

  (a)

Represents amortization of certain identifiable intangible assets related to business combinations and asset acquisitions and related capitalized licensing costs, as applicable.

Our consolidated operating income for the year ended December 31, 2010 was $258.6 million, or 5.3% of product net sales, compared to consolidated operating income of $928.0 million, or 20.9% of product net sales in 2009. The $669.4 million decrease in consolidated operating income was due to $609.2 million of legal settlement costs, $369.1 million of intangible asset impairment and related costs, a $96.1 million increase in SG&A expenses and a $98.6 million increase in R&D expenses, partially offset by a $372.0 million increase in product net sales, a $43.8 million increase in other revenues, a $28.9 million decrease in cost of sales, an $8.3 million decrease in amortization of acquired intangible assets and a $50.6 million decrease in restructuring charges. Our consolidated operating income in 2009 includes charges totaling $78.6 million for compensation costs associated with the modifications of certain employee stock options related to our 2009 restructuring plan.

Our specialty pharmaceuticals segment operating income in 2010 was $1,501.9 million, compared to operating income of $1,370.8 million in 2009. The $131.1 million increase in our specialty pharmaceuticals segment operating income was due primarily to an increase in product net sales of our eye care pharmaceuticals, Botox ® and skin care product lines and lower cost of sales as a percentage of net sales, primarily for our eye care products, partially offset by an increase in selling and marketing expenses and an increase in R&D expenses.

Our medical devices segment operating income in 2010 was $284.7 million, compared to operating income of $189.2 million in 2009. The $95.5 million increase in our medical devices segment operating income was due primarily to an increase in product net sales of our breast aesthetics and facial aesthetics product lines, lower cost of sales as a percentage of net sales, primarily for our breast aesthetics and facial aesthetics products, and a decrease in overall promotion and selling expenses, partially offset by an increase in marketing expenses and an increase in R&D expenses.

Our consolidated operating income for the year ended December 31, 2009 was $928.0 million, or 20.9% of product net sales, compared to consolidated operating income of $796.0 million, or 18.3% of product net sales in 2008. The $132.0 million increase in consolidated operating income was due to a $107.9 million increase in product net sales, a $10.3 million decrease in cost of sales, a $91.9 million decrease in R&D expenses and a $4.6 million decrease in amortization of acquired intangible assets, partially offset by a $7.7 million decrease in other revenues, a $65.4 million increase in SG&A expenses and a $9.6 million increase in restructuring charges.

 

85


Table of Contents

Our consolidated operating income in 2009 includes charges totaling $78.6 million for compensation costs associated with the modifications of certain employee stock options related to our 2009 restructuring plan.

Our specialty pharmaceuticals segment operating income in 2009 was $1,370.8 million, compared to operating income of $1,220.1 million in 2008. The $150.7 million increase in our specialty pharmaceuticals segment operating income was due primarily to an increase in product net sales of our eye care pharmaceuticals and skin care product lines and a decrease in selling and R&D expenses, partially offset by increased investments in promotion activities and a small increase in marketing expenses.

Our medical devices segment operating income in 2009 was $189.2 million, compared to operating income of $222.0 million in 2008. The $32.8 million decrease in our medical devices segment operating income was due primarily to the $73.6 million decrease in product net sales across all product lines, partially offset by an overall decrease in promotion, selling and marketing expenses.

Non-Operating Income and Expenses

Total net non-operating expense in 2010 was $87.8 million compared to $79.5 million in 2009. Interest income in 2010 was $7.3 million compared to interest income of $7.0 million in 2009. Interest expense increased $1.8 million to $78.7 million in 2010 compared to $76.9 million in 2009. Interest expense increased primarily due to the issuance in September 2010 of our 3.375% Senior Notes due 2020, or 2020 Notes, partially offset by a net reversal of previously accrued statutory interest expense resulting from a change in estimate related to uncertain tax positions, compared to a charge for statutory interest expense in 2009. During 2009, we recorded a net gain of $24.6 million on the sale of third party equity investments. Other, net expense was $16.4 million in 2010, consisting primarily of a net unrealized loss on derivative instruments of $7.6 million and $10.2 million in net realized losses from foreign currency transactions. Other, net expense was $34.2 million in 2009, consisting primarily of a net unrealized loss on derivative instruments of $13.6 million, a loss of $5.3 million on the extinguishment of a portion of our 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026, or 2026 Convertible Notes, and $15.3 million in net realized losses from foreign currency transactions.

Total net non-operating expense in 2009 was $79.5 million compared to $33.8 million in 2008. Interest income in 2009 was $7.0 million compared to interest income of $33.5 million in 2008. The decrease in interest income was primarily due to a decrease in average interest rates earned on all cash equivalent balances earning interest of approximately 2.3 percentage points, partially offset by higher average cash equivalent balances earning interest of approximately $351.0 million in 2009 compared to 2008. Interest income in 2008 also included $3.5 million of statutory interest income related to income taxes. Interest expense decreased $8.6 million to $76.9 million in 2009 compared to $85.5 million in 2008, primarily due to $14.3 million recognized as an offset to interest expense in 2009 as the interest rate differential under our $300.0 million notional amount fixed to variable interest rate swap agreement compared to $7.9 million recognized as an offset to interest expense in 2008. Additionally, interest expense also decreased due to a decrease in average outstanding borrowings in 2009 compared to 2008. During 2009, we recorded a net gain of $24.6 million on the sale of third party equity investments. Other, net expense was $34.2 million in 2009, consisting primarily of a net unrealized loss on derivative instruments of $13.6 million, a loss of $5.3 million on the extinguishment of a portion of our 2026 Convertible Notes and $15.3 million in net realized losses from foreign currency transactions. Other, net income was $18.2 million in 2008, consisting primarily of a net unrealized gain on derivative instruments of $14.8 million and $2.9 million in net realized gains from foreign currency transactions.

Income Taxes

Our effective tax rate in 2010 was 97.1% compared to the effective tax rate of 26.5% in 2009. Included in our earnings before income taxes for 2010 are total pre-tax charges of $609.2 million in connection with the global settlement with the DOJ regarding our past U.S. sales and marketing practices relating to certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® , a $369.1 million aggregate charge related to the impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets

 

86


Table of Contents

and related costs, a $33.0 million charge related to the termination of a distributor agreement in Turkey, a $43.0 million charge for an upfront payment for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval, restructuring charges of $0.3 million and license fee income of $36.0 million related to an upfront fee for product rights we licensed to Bristol-Myers Squibb. In 2010, we recorded income tax benefits of $21.4 million related to the global settlement with the DOJ regarding our past U.S. sales and marketing practices relating to certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® , $140.5 million related to the impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets and related costs, $2.8 million related to the termination of a distributor agreement in Turkey, $15.6 million related to the upfront payment for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval and $0.2 million related to the restructuring charges, and an income tax expense of $13.7 million related to the upfront license fee income. Excluding the impact of the net pre-tax charges of $1,018.6 million and the net income tax benefits of $166.8 million for the items discussed above, our adjusted effective tax rate for 2010 was 28.0%. We believe that the use of an adjusted effective tax rate provides a more meaningful measure of the impact of income taxes on our results of operations because it excludes the effect of certain items that are not included as part of our core business activities. This allows investors to better determine the effective tax rate associated with our core business activities.

The calculation of our adjusted effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2010 is summarized below:

 

$1,189.4
     2010  
     (in millions)  

Earnings before income taxes, as reported

   $ 170.8   

Settlement with the DOJ related to U.S. sales and marketing practices for Botox ®

     609.2   

Impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets and related costs

     369.1   

Termination of a distributor agreement in Turkey

     33.0   

Upfront payment for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval

     43.0   

Restructuring charges

     0.3   

Upfront license fee income

     (36.0
        
   $ 1,189.4   
        

Provision for income taxes, as reported

   $ 165.9   

Income tax benefit (provision) for:

  

Settlement with the DOJ related to U.S. sales and marketing practices for Botox ®

     21.4   

Impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets and related costs

     140.5   

Termination of a distributor agreement in Turkey

     2.8   

Upfront payment for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval

     15.6   

Restructuring charges

     0.2   

Upfront license fee income

     (13.7
        
   $ 332.7   
        

Adjusted effective tax rate

     28.0
        

Our effective tax rate in 2009 was 26.5% compared to the effective tax rate of 25.9% in 2008. Included in our earnings before income taxes for 2009 are a $24.6 million net gain on the sale of investments, a $14.0 million gain on the settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement, a $5.3 million loss on the extinguishment of a portion of our 2026 Convertible Notes, restructuring charges of $50.9 million, a charge of $78.6 million related to the modification of certain employee stock options in conjunction with our 2009 restructuring plan, the rollout of retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs capitalized in inventory and expenses for one-time termination benefits related to the closure of our Arklow, Ireland breast implant manufacturing facility of $14.5 million, a $10.0 million charge for an upfront payment for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval, and an $18.0 million contribution to The Allergan Foundation. In 2009, we recorded income tax expense of $9.4 million related to the net gain on the sale of investments, $3.9 million related to the gain on

 

87


Table of Contents

the settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement and $0.8 million related to the loss on the extinguishment of a portion of our 2026 Convertible Notes. We recorded income tax benefits of $10.2 million related to the restructuring charges, $27.5 million related to the modification of certain employee stock options, $1.5 million related to the costs described above related to the closure of our breast implant manufacturing facility in Arklow, Ireland, $0.7 million related to an upfront payment for technology that has not achieved regulatory approval, and $6.9 million related to the contribution to The Allergan Foundation. Also included in the provision for income taxes in 2009 is a net expense of $4.1 million for a change in estimated taxes related to pre-acquisition periods associated with business combinations and uncertain tax positions included in prior year income tax filings and $6.7 million of income tax benefit related to foreign R&D tax credits received for tax years prior to 2008. Excluding the impact of the total pre-tax charges of $138.7 million and the total net income tax benefits of $35.3 million for the items discussed above, our adjusted effective tax rate for 2009 was 26.3%.

The calculation of our adjusted effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2009 is summarized below:

 

(innmillions)
     2009  
     (in millions)  

Earnings before income taxes, as reported

   $ 848.5   

Net gain on sale of investments

     (24.6

Gain on settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement

     (14.0

Loss on extinguishment of a portion of the 2026 Convertible Notes

     5.3   

Restructuring charges

     50.9   

Charges related to the modification of certain employee stock options

     78.6   

Rollout of retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation and expenses  for
one-time termination benefits related to the closure of our Arklow, Ireland breast implant manufacturing facility

     14.5   

Upfront payment of technology that has not achieved regulatory approval

     10.0   

Contribution to The Allergan Foundation

     18.0   
        
   $ 987.2   
        

Provision for income taxes, as reported

   $ 224.7   

Income tax benefit (provision) for:

  

Net gain on sale of investments

     (9.4

Gain on settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement

     (3.9

Loss on extinguishment of a portion of the 2026 Convertible Notes

     (0.8

Restructuring charges

     10.2   

Charges related to the modification of certain employee stock options

     27.5   

Rollout of retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation and expenses  for
one-time termination benefits related to the closure of our Arklow, Ireland breast implant manufacturing facility

     1.5   

Upfront payment of technology that has not achieved regulatory approval

     0.7   

Contribution to The Allergan Foundation

     6.9   

Change in estimated taxes related to pre-acquisition periods associated with business combinations and uncertain tax positions included in prior year income tax filings

     (4.1

Foreign R&D tax credits received for tax years prior to 2008

     6.7   
        
   $ 260.0   
        

Adjusted effective tax rate

     26.3
        

 

88


Table of Contents

Our effective tax rate in 2008 was 25.9%. Included in our earnings before income taxes for 2008 are pre-tax charges of $68.7 million for upfront payments for technologies that have not achieved regulatory approval, an $11.7 million charge to cost of sales associated with the Esprit purchase accounting fair market value inventory adjustment rollout, a $13.2 million charge for a settlement related to the termination of a distribution agreement in Korea, a $5.6 million charge for the impairment of an intangible asset related to the phase out of a collagen product and total restructuring charges of $41.3 million. In 2008, we recorded income tax benefits of $21.6 million related to the upfront payments for technologies that have not achieved regulatory approval, $4.6 million related to the Esprit purchase accounting fair market value inventory adjustment rollout, $1.3 million related to the charge for a settlement related to the termination of a distribution agreement in Korea, $2.0 million related to the impairment of an intangible asset, $4.7 million related to the total restructuring charges and $2.4 million related to deferred tax benefits related to the legal entity integration of Esprit and Inamed. In 2008, our tax provision was also affected by a $5.5 million negative income tax impact from non-deductible losses associated with the liquidation of corporate-owned life insurance contracts previously used to fund our executive deferred compensation program. Excluding the impact of the total pre-tax charges of $140.5 million and the total net income tax benefits of $31.1 million for the items discussed above, our adjusted effective tax rate for 2008 was 25.3%.

The calculation of our adjusted effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2008 is summarized below:

 

(innmillions)
     2008  
     (in millions)  

Earnings before income taxes, as reported

   $ 762.2   

Upfront payments for technologies that have not achieved regulatory approval

     68.7   

Esprit fair market value inventory rollout

     11.7   

Settlement related to the termination of a distribution agreement in Korea

     13.2   

Impairment of an intangible asset

     5.6   

Restructuring charges

     41.3   
        
   $ 902.7   
        

Provision for income taxes, as reported

   $ 197.5   

Income tax benefit (provision) for:

  

Upfront payments for technologies that have not achieved regulatory approval

     21.6   

Esprit fair market value inventory rollout

     4.6   

Settlement related to the termination of a distribution agreement in Korea

     1.3   

Impairment of an intangible asset

     2.0   

Restructuring charges

     4.7   

Deferred tax benefit from the legal entity integration of Esprit and Inamed

     2.4   

Negative tax impact from non-deductible losses associated with the liquidation of
corporate-owned life insurance contracts

     (5.5
        
   $ 228.6   
        

Adjusted effective tax rate

     25.3
        

The increase in the adjusted effective tax rate to 28.0% in 2010 compared to the adjusted effective tax rate in 2009 of 26.3% is primarily due to the increase in the mix of earnings in higher tax rate jurisdictions, including the United States, which resulted from an increase in the mix of earnings contributed by our eye care pharmaceutical products and dermal filler products, and a decrease in the mix of earnings contributed by our Botox ® product line as a percentage of our total operating income in 2010 compared to 2009, the detrimental tax rate effect of changes in our deferred tax asset and liability balances related to a change in California tax law, and the detrimental tax rate effect of decreased deductions due to lower amortization of acquired intangible assets in the United States.

 

89


Table of Contents

The increase in the adjusted effective tax rate to 26.3% in 2009 compared to the adjusted effective tax rate in 2008 of 25.3% is primarily due to the increase in the mix of earnings in higher tax rate jurisdictions, including the United States, which resulted from the increase in net sales of our eye care pharmaceutical products, and the decrease in the mix of net sales and related operating profits of Botox ® as a percentage of our total product net sales and operating income in 2009 compared to 2008. Additionally, the adjusted effective tax rate increased in 2009 compared to 2008 due to the negative tax rate effect from lower R&D expense deductions in the United States in 2009 compared to 2008. The increase in the adjusted effective tax rate in 2009 compared to 2008 was partially offset by the beneficial tax rate effect of decreased interest income in the United States.

Net Earnings Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest

Our net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest for our majority-owned subsidiaries were $4.3 million in 2010, $2.5 million in 2009 and $1.6 million in 2008.

Net Earnings Attributable to Allergan, Inc.

Our net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc. in 2010 was $0.6 million compared to net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc. of $621.3 million in 2009. The $620.7 million decrease in net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc. was primarily the result of the decrease in operating income of $669.4 million, the increase in net non-operating expense of $8.3 million and the increase in net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest of $1.8 million, partially offset by the decrease in the provision for income taxes of $58.8 million.

Our net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc. in 2009 was $621.3 million compared to net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc. of $563.1 million in 2008. The $58.2 million increase in net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc. was primarily the result of the increase in operating income of $132.0 million, partially offset by the increase in net non-operating expense of $45.7 million, the increase in the provision for income taxes of $27.2 million and the increase in net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest of $0.9 million.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

We assess our liquidity by our ability to generate cash to fund our operations. Significant factors in the management of liquidity are: funds generated by operations; levels of accounts receivable, inventories, accounts payable and capital expenditures; the extent of our stock repurchase program; funds required for acquisitions and other transactions; funds available under our credit facilities; and financial flexibility to attract long-term capital on satisfactory terms.

Historically, we have generated cash from operations in excess of working capital requirements. The net cash provided by operating activities was $463.9 million in 2010 compared to $1,113.3 million in 2009 and $682.5 million in 2008. Cash flow from operating activities decreased in 2010 compared to 2009 primarily as a result of a decrease in cash from net earnings from operations, including the effect of adjusting for non-cash items, and an increase in cash required to fund changes in trade receivables, inventories, accounts payable, income taxes and other liabilities, partially offset by a decrease in cash used to fund changes in accrued expenses. In 2010, we recorded total pre-tax charges of $609.2 million in connection with the global settlement with the DOJ regarding our past U.S. sales and marketing practices related to certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® and paid $594.0 million of the global settlement costs in the fourth quarter of 2010. We paid pension contributions of $21.4 million in 2010 compared to $12.9 million in 2009.

Cash flow from operating activities increased in 2009 compared to 2008 primarily as a result of a net decrease in cash required to fund changes in net operating assets and liabilities, principally trade receivables, inventories, accounts payable and other liabilities, partially offset by an increase in cash used to fund payments of income taxes, and an increase in cash from net earnings from operations, including the effect of adjusting for

 

90


Table of Contents

non-cash items. We paid pension contributions of $12.9 million in 2009 compared to $84.5 million in 2008. We increased our pension contributions in 2008 primarily due to the negative impact on the value of assets in our funded pension plans due to the decline in the fair value of global equity securities and our desire to maintain certain minimum asset values relative to projected benefit obligations.

Net cash used in investing activities was $977.2 million in 2010 compared to $98.7 million in 2009 and $459.7 million in 2008. In 2010, we purchased $824.1 million of short-term investments and paid $69.8 million, net of cash acquired, for the acquisition of Serica and the purchase of our distributor’s business related to our products in Turkey, and $1.7 million for a contractual purchase price adjustment related to our 2009 acquisition of Samil. Additionally, we invested $102.8 million in new facilities and equipment and $13.3 million in capitalized software and paid $40.9 million for intangible assets related to the reacquisition of Botox ® Cosmetic distribution rights in Japan and China and an upfront licensing payment for an eye care product previously approved for marketing. In 2010, we received $75.0 million from the maturities of short-term investments. We currently expect to invest between $160.0 million and $180.0 million in capital expenditures for manufacturing and administrative facilities, manufacturing equipment and other property, plant and equipment during 2011.

In 2009, we paid $12.8 million, net of cash acquired, to acquire our joint venture investment in Korea, and invested $95.8 million in new facilities and equipment and $26.6 million in capitalized software. In 2009, we purchased an office building contiguous to our main facility in Irvine, California for approximately $20.7 million. We assumed a mortgage of $20.0 million and paid $0.7 million in cash. Additionally, we paid $3.3 million for an intangible asset as part of the settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement related to an eye care pharmaceuticals product. In 2009, we received $28.2 million from the sale of equity investments and $11.6 million related to contractual purchase price adjustments to our 2007 acquisitions of Cornéal and Esprit.

In 2008, we paid approximately $150.1 million primarily for the acquisition of assets related to Aczone ® , and invested $190.8 million in new facilities and equipment and $56.3 million in capitalized software. In 2008, we purchased a manufacturing facility that was previously leased by us for approximately $23.0 million and an office building contiguous to our main facility in Irvine, California for approximately $15.3 million. Additionally, we capitalized $69.8 million as intangible assets including a buyout payment of contingent licensing obligations related to Sanctura ® products and milestone payments related to expected annual Restasis ® net sales and the FDA approval of Latisse ® in the United States. In 2008, we collected a combined total of $6.1 million from the sale of assets that we acquired as a part of the Esprit acquisition and the 2007 sale of the ophthalmic surgical device business that we acquired as a part of the Cornéal acquisition.

Net cash provided by financing activities was $563.0 million in 2010 compared to net cash used in financing activities of $181.5 million in 2009 and $262.8 million in 2008. On September 14, 2010, we issued our 2020 Notes in a registered offering for an aggregate principal amount of $650.0 million and received proceeds of $648.0 million, net of original discount. Additionally, in 2010, we received $6.6 million in net borrowings of notes payable, $234.0 million from the sale of stock to employees and $27.1 million in excess tax benefits from share-based compensation. These amounts were partially reduced by the repurchase of 4.5 million shares of our common stock for $286.0 million, a cash payment of $6.1 million for offering fees related to the issuance of the 2020 Notes and $60.6 million in dividends paid to stockholders. In 2009, we repurchased 2.0 million shares of our common stock for $105.5 million, paid $98.3 million to repurchase $100.3 million principal amount of our 2026 Convertible Notes and paid $60.6 million in dividends. This use of cash was partially offset by $12.1 million in net borrowings of notes payable, $63.5 million received from the sale of stock to employees and $7.3 million in excess tax benefits from share-based compensation. In 2008, we repurchased 4.0 million shares of our common stock for $230.1 million, had net repayments of notes payable of $34.7 million and paid $60.7 million in dividends. This use of cash was partially offset by $51.6 million received from the sale of stock to employees and $11.1 million in excess tax benefits from share-based compensation.

Effective February 1, 2011, our Board of Directors declared a cash dividend of $0.05 per share, payable March 11, 2011 to stockholders of record on February 18, 2011.

 

91


Table of Contents

We maintain an evergreen stock repurchase program. Our evergreen stock repurchase program authorizes us to repurchase our common stock for the primary purpose of funding our stock-based benefit plans. Under the stock repurchase program, we may maintain up to 18.4 million repurchased shares in our treasury account at any one time. At December 31, 2010, we held approximately 2.0 million treasury shares under this program. Effective January 1, 2010, our current Rule 10b5-1 plan authorizes our broker to purchase our common stock traded in the open market pursuant to our evergreen stock repurchase program. The terms of the plan set forth a maximum annual limit of 4.0 million shares to be repurchased, certain quarterly maximum and minimum volume limits, and the plan is cancellable at any time in our sole discretion and in accordance with applicable insider trading laws.

Our 2020 Notes, which were sold at 99.697% of par value with an effective interest rate of 3.41%, are unsecured and pay interest semi-annually on the principal amount of the notes at a rate of 3.375% per annum, and are redeemable at any time at our option, subject to a make-whole provision based on the present value of remaining interest payments at the time of the redemption. The aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2020 Notes will be due and payable on September 15, 2020, unless earlier redeemed by us.

Our 2026 Convertible Notes pay interest semi-annually on the principal amount of the notes at a rate of 1.50% per annum and are convertible, at the holder’s option, at an initial conversion rate of 15.7904 shares per $1,000 principal amount of notes. In certain circumstances the 2026 Convertible Notes may be convertible into cash in an amount equal to the lesser of their principal amount or their conversion value. If the conversion value of the 2026 Convertible Notes exceeds their principal amount at the time of conversion, we will also deliver common stock or, at our election, a combination of cash and common stock for the conversion value in excess of the principal amount. We are permitted to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes from and after April 5, 2009 to April 4, 2011 if the closing price of our common stock reaches a specified threshold, and will be permitted to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes at any time on or after April 5, 2011. Holders of the 2026 Convertible Notes will also be able to require us to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes at the principal amount on April 1, 2011, April 1, 2016 and April 1, 2021 or upon a change in control of us. The 2026 Convertible Notes mature on April 1, 2026, unless previously redeemed by us or earlier converted by the note holders. At December 31, 2010, we reported the 2026 Convertible Notes as a current liability due to the note holders’ ability to require us to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes on April 1, 2011.

Our 5.75% Senior Notes due 2016, or 2016 Notes, were sold at 99.717% of par value with an effective interest rate of 5.79%, pay interest semi-annually on the principal amount of the notes at a rate of 5.75% per annum, and are redeemable at any time at our option, subject to a make-whole provision based on the present value of remaining interest payments at the time of the redemption. The aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2016 Notes is due and payable on April 1, 2016, unless earlier redeemed by us.

At December 31, 2010, we had a committed long-term credit facility, a commercial paper program, a medium-term note program, a shelf registration statement that allows us to issue additional securities, including debt securities, in one or more offerings from time to time, a real estate mortgage and various foreign bank facilities. Our committed long-term credit facility expires in May 2012. The termination date can be further extended from time to time upon our request and acceptance by the issuer of the facility for a period of one year from the last scheduled termination date for each request accepted. The committed long-term credit facility allows for borrowings of up to $800.0 million. The commercial paper program also provides for up to $600.0 million in borrowings. Borrowings under the committed long-term credit facility and medium-term note program are subject to certain financial and operating covenants that include, among other provisions, maximum leverage ratios. Certain covenants also limit subsidiary debt. We believe we were in compliance with these covenants at December 31, 2010. At December 31, 2010, we had no borrowings under our committed long-term credit facility, $25.0 million in borrowings outstanding under the medium-term note program, $20.0 million in borrowings outstanding under the real estate mortgage, $28.1 million in borrowings outstanding under various foreign bank facilities and no borrowings under the commercial paper program. Commercial paper, when

 

92


Table of Contents

outstanding, is issued at current short-term interest rates. Additionally, any future borrowings that are outstanding under the long-term credit facility will be subject to a floating interest rate. We may from time to time seek to retire or purchase our outstanding debt.

At December 31, 2010, we had net pension and postretirement benefit obligations totaling $204.7 million. Future funding requirements are subject to change depending on the actual return on net assets in our funded pension plans and changes in actuarial assumptions. In 2011, we expect to pay pension contributions of between $35.0 million and $45.0 million for our U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans and between $1.0 million and $2.0 million for our other postretirement plan.

In March 2010, we entered into an agreement with Serenity for the license, development and commercialization of a Phase III investigational drug currently in clinical development for the treatment of nocturia, a common urological disorder in adults characterized by frequent urination at night time. In conjunction with the agreement, we made an upfront payment to Serenity of $43.0 million in April 2010. The terms of the agreement also include potential future development and regulatory milestone payments to Serenity of up to $122.0 million, as well as potential future sales milestone and royalty payments.

In March 2010, we entered into an agreement with Bristol-Myers Squibb for the development and commercialization of an investigational drug for neuropathic pain. In conjunction with the agreement, we received a net upfront payment of $36.0 million in April 2010. The terms of the agreement also include potential future development and regulatory milestone payments to us of up to $373.0 million, as well as potential future royalty payments.

On July 1, 2010, we terminated our existing distributor agreement in Turkey and completed the purchase from our distributor of all licenses, registrations and other assets related to the selling of our products in Turkey. In conjunction with the termination of the existing distributor agreement, we paid $33.0 million, including a termination fee and related taxes. In addition, we paid $6.1 million in conjunction with the purchase of the commercial assets and will also be required to pay contingent consideration based on specified percentages of revenue in Turkey over the next five years. The currently estimated fair value of the contingent consideration is $44.5 million as of December 31, 2010.

In September 2010, we acquired from Vistakon Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Beerse and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Inc. the global license to manufacture and commercialize alcaftadine 0.25%, a topical allergy medication for the prevention and treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. In conjunction with the license agreement for this product that was approved in July 2010 for marketing in the United States under the brand name Lastacaft (alcaftadine ophthalmic solution), we made an upfront payment of $23.0 million in October 2010. The terms of the agreement also require us to make potential future regulatory milestone payments of up to $12.0 million, as well as future royalty payments.

On January 28, 2011, we entered into a collaboration agreement and a co-promotion agreement with MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or MAP, for the exclusive development and commercialization by us and MAP of Levadex within the United States to certain headache specialist physicians for the treatment of acute migraine in adults, migraine in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age and other indications that may be approved by the parties. Under the terms of the agreements, we made a $60.0 million upfront payment to MAP in February 2011. The terms of the agreements also include up to $97.0 million in additional payments to MAP upon MAP meeting certain development and regulatory milestones.

A significant amount of our existing cash and equivalents are held by non-U.S. subsidiaries. We currently plan to use these funds in our operations outside the United States. Withholding and U.S. taxes have not been provided for unremitted earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries because we have reinvested these earnings indefinitely in such operations. At December 31, 2010, we had approximately $2,109.4 million in unremitted

 

93


Table of Contents

earnings outside the United States for which withholding and U.S. taxes were not provided. Tax costs would be incurred if these funds were remitted to the United States.

We believe that the net cash provided by operating activities, supplemented as necessary with borrowings available under our existing credit facilities and existing cash and equivalents and short-term investments, will provide us with sufficient resources to meet our current expected obligations, working capital requirements, debt service, including the potential redemption or conversion of our 2026 Convertible Notes, and other cash needs over the next year.

Inflation

Although at reduced levels in recent years and at the end of 2010, inflation continues to apply upward pressure on the cost of goods and services that we use. The competitive and regulatory environments in many markets substantially limit our ability to fully recover these higher costs through increased selling prices. We continually seek to mitigate the adverse effects of inflation through cost containment and improved productivity and manufacturing processes.

Foreign Currency Fluctuations

Approximately 37.4% of our product net sales in 2010 were derived from operations outside the United States, and a portion of our international cost structure is denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. As a result, we are subject to fluctuations in sales and earnings reported in U.S. dollars due to changing currency exchange rates. We routinely monitor our transaction exposure to currency rates and implement certain economic hedging strategies to limit such exposure, as we deem appropriate. The net impact of foreign currency fluctuations on our sales was an increase of $38.7 million in 2010, a decrease of $106.4 million in 2009 and an increase of $49.5 million in 2008, respectively. The 2010 sales increase included $18.5 million related to the Brazilian real, $18.6 million related to the Canadian dollar, $16.6 million related to the Australian dollar, $2.9 million related to the Mexican peso and $13.3 million related to other Asian and Latin American currencies, partially offset by decreases of $28.9 million related to the euro and $2.3 million related to the UK pound. The 2009 sales decrease included $37.8 million related to the euro, $20.9 million related to the UK pound, $11.0 million related to the Brazilian real, $10.6 million related to the Canadian dollar, $8.5 million related to the Mexican peso, $6.0 million related to the Australian dollar and $11.6 million related to other Latin American and Asian currencies. The 2008 sales increase included $49.0 million related to the euro, $8.0 million related to the Brazilian real, $1.2 million related to other Latin American currencies and $0.6 million related to the Canadian dollar, partially offset by decreases of $8.7 million related to the UK pound and $0.6 million related to Asian currencies. See Note 1, “Summary of Significant Accounting Policies,” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules,” for a description of our accounting policy on foreign currency translation.

 

94


Table of Contents

Contractual Obligations and Commitments

The table below presents information about our contractual obligations and commitments at December 31, 2010:

 

$1,051.4 $1,051.4 $1,051.4 $1,051.4 $1,051.4
     Payments Due by Period  
     Less than
One Year
     1-3 Years      3-5 Years      More
than Five
Years
     Total  
     (in millions)  

Debt obligations(a)

   $ 729.2       $ 133.4       $ 107.7       $ 1,579.3       $ 2,549.6   

Operating lease obligations

     48.3         65.7         27.5         33.5         175.0   

Purchase obligations

     231.2         124.5         75.2         5.7         436.6   

Pension minimum funding(b)

     38.6         77.6         66.3                 182.5   

Other long-term obligations

     4.1         31.8         29.4         156.3         221.6   
                                            

Total

   $ 1,051.4       $ 433.0       $ 306.1       $ 1,774.8       $ 3,565.3   
                                            

 

  (a)

Debt obligations include expected principal and interest obligations, but exclude the interest rate swap fair value adjustment of $42.3 million at December 31, 2010. The 2026 Convertible Notes are included in the less than one year period due to the note holders’ ability to require us to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes on April 1, 2011.

 

  (b)

For purposes of this table, we assume that we will be required to fund our U.S. and non-U.S. funded pension plans based on the minimum funding required by applicable regulations. In determining the minimum required funding, we utilize current actuarial assumptions and exchange rates to forecast estimates of amounts that may be payable for up to five years in the future. In management’s judgment, minimum funding estimates beyond a five year time horizon cannot be reliably estimated. Where minimum funding as determined for each individual plan would not achieve a funded status to the level of local statutory requirements, additional discretionary funding may be provided from available cash resources.

 

Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

In the normal course of business, our operations are exposed to risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We address these risks through controlled risk management that includes the use of derivative financial instruments to economically hedge or reduce these exposures. We do not enter into financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. See Note 11, “Financial Instruments,” in the notes to the consolidated financial statements listed under Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules,” for activities relating to interest rate and foreign currency risk management.

To ensure the adequacy and effectiveness of our interest rate and foreign exchange hedge positions, we continually monitor our interest rate swap positions and foreign exchange forward and option positions both on a stand-alone basis and in conjunction with our underlying interest rate and foreign currency exposures, from an accounting and economic perspective.

However, given the inherent limitations of forecasting and the anticipatory nature of the exposures intended to be hedged, we cannot assure you that such programs will offset more than a portion of the adverse financial impact resulting from unfavorable movements in either interest or foreign exchange rates. In addition, the timing of the accounting for recognition of gains and losses related to mark-to-market instruments for any given period may not coincide with the timing of gains and losses related to the underlying economic exposures and, therefore, may adversely affect our consolidated operating results and financial position.

 

95


Table of Contents

Interest Rate Risk

Our interest income and expense are more sensitive to fluctuations in the general level of U.S. interest rates than to changes in rates in other markets. Changes in U.S. interest rates affect the interest earned on our cash and equivalents and short-term investments and interest expense on our debt, as well as costs associated with foreign currency contracts.

On January 31, 2007, we entered into a nine-year, two-month interest rate swap with a $300.0 million notional amount with semi-annual settlements and quarterly interest rate reset dates. The swap receives interest at a fixed rate of 5.75% and pays interest at a variable interest rate equal to 3-month LIBOR plus 0.368%, and effectively converts $300.0 million of the $800.0 million aggregate principal amount of our 2016 Notes to a variable interest rate. Based on the structure of the hedging relationship, the hedge meets the criteria for using the short-cut method for a fair value hedge. The investment in the derivative and the related long-term debt are recorded at fair value. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, we recognized in our consolidated balance sheets an asset reported in “Investments and other assets” and a corresponding increase in “Long-term debt” associated with the fair value of the derivative of $42.3 million and $30.4 million, respectively. The differential to be paid or received as interest rates change is accrued and recognized as an adjustment of interest expense related to the 2016 Notes. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, we recognized $15.1 million, $14.3 million and $7.9 million, respectively, as a reduction of interest expense due to the differential to be received.

In February 2006, we entered into interest rate swap contracts based on 3-month LIBOR with an aggregate notional amount of $800.0 million, a swap period of 10 years and a starting swap rate of 5.198%. We entered into these swap contracts as a cash flow hedge to effectively fix the future interest rate for our 2016 Notes. In April 2006, we terminated the interest rate swap contracts and received approximately $13.0 million. The total gain is being amortized as a reduction to interest expense over a 10 year period to match the term of the 2016 Notes. As of December 31, 2010, the remaining unrecognized gain, net of tax, of $4.1 million is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss.

At December 31, 2010, we had approximately $28.1 million of variable rate debt. If interest rates were to increase or decrease by 1% for the year, annual interest expense, including the effect of the $300.0 million notional amount of the interest rate swap entered into on January 31, 2007, would increase or decrease by approximately $3.3 million. Commercial paper, when outstanding, is issued at current short-term interest rates. Additionally, any future borrowings that are outstanding under the long-term credit facility will be subject to a floating interest rate. Therefore, higher interest costs could occur if interest rates increase in the future.

 

96


Table of Contents

The tables below present information about certain of our investment portfolio and our debt obligations at December 31, 2010 and 2009.

 

Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter
     December 31, 2010  
     Maturing in     Fair
Market
Value
 
     2011     2012     2013      2014      2015      Thereafter     Total    
     (in millions, except interest rates)  

ASSETS

                   

Cash Equivalents and Short-Term
Investments:

                   

Commercial Paper

   $ 1,716.0      $      $   —       $   —       $   —       $      $ 1,716.0      $ 1,716.0   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.25                                           0.25  

Foreign Time Deposits

     209.6                                              209.6        209.6   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.45                                           0.45  

Other Cash Equivalents

     707.0                                              707.0        707.0   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.38                                           0.38  

Total Cash Equivalents and
Short-Term Investments

   $ 2,632.6      $      $       $       $       $      $ 2,632.6      $ 2,632.6   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.30                                           0.30  

LIABILITIES

                   

Debt Obligations:

                   

Fixed Rate (US$)

   $ 642.5      $ 25.0      $       $       $       $ 1,466.9      $ 2,134.4      $ 2,221.1   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     5.59     7.47                             4.74     5.02  

Other Variable Rate (non-US$)

     28.1                                              28.1        28.1   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     6.80                                           6.80  

Total Debt Obligations(a)

   $ 670.6      $ 25.0      $       $       $       $ 1,466.9      $ 2,162.5      $ 2,249.2   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     5.64     7.47                             4.74     5.05  

INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES

                   

Interest Rate Swaps:

                   

Fixed to Variable (US$)

   $      $      $       $       $       $ 300.0      $ 300.0      $ 42.3   

Average Pay Rate

                                           0.67     0.67  

Average Receive Rate

                                           5.75     5.75  

 

(a)

Total debt obligations in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2010 include debt obligations of $2,162.5 million and the interest rate swap fair value adjustment of $42.3 million.

 

Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter Thereafter
     December 31, 2009  
     Maturing in     Fair
Market
Value
 
     2010     2011     2012     2013      2014      Thereafter     Total    
     (in millions, except interest rates)  

ASSETS

                  

Cash Equivalents:

                  

Commercial Paper

   $ 574.6      $      $      $   —       $   —       $      $ 574.6      $ 574.6   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.16                                          0.16  

Foreign Time Deposits

     156.9                                             156.9        156.9   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.23                                          0.23  

Other Cash Equivalents

     1,108.6                                             1,108.6        1,108.6   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.31                                          0.31  

Total Cash Equivalents

   $ 1,840.1      $      $      $       $       $      $ 1,840.1      $ 1,840.1   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     0.26                                          0.26  

LIABILITIES

                  

Debt Obligations:

                  

Fixed Rate (US$)

   $      $ 617.3      $ 25.0      $       $       $ 818.6      $ 1,460.9      $ 1,547.3   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

            5.59     7.47                     5.78     5.73  

Other Variable Rate (non-US$)

     18.1                                             18.1        18.1   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     2.59                                          2.59  

Total Debt Obligations(a)

   $ 18.1      $ 617.3      $ 25.0      $       $       $ 818.6      $ 1,479.0      $ 1,565.4   

Weighted Average Interest Rate

     2.59     5.59     7.47                     5.78     5.69  

INTEREST RATE DERIVATIVES

                  

Interest Rate Swaps:

                  

Fixed to Variable (US$)

   $      $      $      $       $       $ 300.0      $ 300.0      $ 30.4   

Average Pay Rate

                                          0.62     0.62  

Average Receive Rate

                                          5.75     5.75  

 

(a)

Total debt obligations in the consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2009 include debt obligations of $1,479.0 million and the interest rate swap fair value adjustment of $30.4 million.

 

97


Table of Contents

Foreign Currency Risk

Overall, we are a net recipient of currencies other than the U.S. dollar and, as such, benefit from a weaker dollar and are adversely affected by a stronger dollar relative to major currencies worldwide. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates, and in particular a strengthening of the U.S. dollar, may negatively affect our consolidated revenues or operating costs and expenses as expressed in U.S. dollars.

From time to time, we enter into foreign currency option and forward contracts to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with foreign exchange rate changes to allow our management to focus its attention on our core business issues. Accordingly, we enter into various contracts which change in value as foreign exchange rates change to economically offset the effect of changes in the value of foreign currency assets and liabilities, commitments and anticipated foreign currency denominated sales and operating expenses. We enter into foreign currency option and forward contracts in amounts between minimum and maximum anticipated foreign exchange exposures, generally for periods not to exceed 18 months.

We use foreign currency option contracts, which provide for the sale or purchase of foreign currencies to offset foreign currency exposures expected to arise in the normal course of our business. While these instruments are subject to fluctuations in value, such fluctuations are anticipated to offset changes in the value of the underlying exposures.

All of our outstanding foreign currency option contracts are entered into to reduce the volatility of earnings generated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily earnings denominated in the Canadian dollar, Mexican peso, Australian dollar, Brazilian real, euro, Korean won and Turkish lira. Current changes in the fair value of open foreign currency option contracts and any realized gains (losses) on settled contracts are recorded through earnings as “Other, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings. The premium costs of purchased foreign exchange option contracts are recorded in “Other current assets” and amortized to “Other, net” over the life of the options.

All of our outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts are entered into to offset the change in value of certain intercompany receivables or payables that are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The realized and unrealized gains and losses from foreign currency forward contracts and the revaluation of the foreign denominated intercompany receivables or payables are recorded through “Other, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings.

 

98


Table of Contents

The following table provides information about our foreign currency derivative financial instruments outstanding as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. The information is provided in U.S. dollars, as presented in our consolidated financial statements:

 

AveragenContract AveragenContract AveragenContract AveragenContract
    December 31, 2010     December 31, 2009  
    Notional
Amount
    Average Contract
Rate or Strike
Amount
    Notional
Amount
    Average Contract
Rate or Strike
Amount
 
    (in millions)           (in millions)        

Foreign currency forward contracts:

       

(Receive U.S. dollar/pay foreign currency)

  

     

Euro

  $             $ 53.5        1.45   

Japanese yen

    6.0        84.09        1.0        89.19   

Australian dollar

    15.7        0.98        11.7        0.90   

New Zealand dollar

    1.1        0.74        0.7        0.72   

Poland zloty

    2.8        3.03                 

Swiss franc

                  19.8        1.04   
                   
  $ 25.6        $ 86.7     
                   

Estimated fair value

  $ (0.9     $ 0.8     
                   

Foreign currency forward contracts:

       

(Pay U.S. dollar/receive foreign currency)

       

Korean won

  $             $ 4.3        1398.00   

Euro

    39.9        1.33        43.6        1.45   
                   
  $ 39.9        $ 47.9     
                   

Estimated fair value

  $ 0.2        $ 0.2     
                   

Foreign currency sold — put options:

       

Canadian dollar

  $ 68.1        1.04      $ 59.1        1.05   

Mexican peso

    20.0        12.73        16.7        13.40   

Australian dollar

    44.2        0.87        41.0        0.89   

Brazilian real

    36.9        1.92        29.7        1.85   

Euro

    139.4        1.34        138.7        1.49   

Korean won

    17.3        1153.22        11.0        1172.94   

Turkish lira

    20.5        1.55                 
                   
  $ 346.4        $ 296.2     
                   

Estimated fair value

  $ 10.4        $ 14.0     
                   

 

Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

The information required by this Item is incorporated herein by reference to the financial statements set forth in Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.”

 

Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

None.

 

99


Table of Contents
Item 9A. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our Exchange Act reports is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the Securities and Exchange Commission’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures. Our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, does not expect that our disclosure controls or procedures will prevent all error and all fraud. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can provide only reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Further, the benefits of controls must be considered relative to their costs. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. These inherent limitations include the realities that judgments in decision-making can be faulty, and that breakdowns can occur because of simple error or mistake. Additionally, controls can be circumvented by the individual acts of some persons, by collusion of two or more people, or by management override of the control. The design of any system of controls is also based in part upon certain assumptions about the likelihood of future events, and there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions. Because of the inherent limitations in a cost-effective control system, misstatements due to error or fraud may occur and not be detected. Also, we have investments in certain unconsolidated entities. As we do not control or manage these entities, our disclosure controls and procedures with respect to such entities are necessarily substantially more limited than those we maintain with respect to our consolidated subsidiaries.

We carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2010, the end of the annual period covered by this report. The evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures included a review of the disclosure controls’ and procedures’ objectives, design, implementation and the effect of the controls and procedures on the information generated for use in this report. In the course of our evaluation, we sought to identify data errors, control problems or acts of fraud and to confirm the appropriate corrective actions, including process improvements, were being undertaken.

Based on the foregoing, our Principal Executive Officer and our Principal Financial Officer concluded that, as of the end of the period covered by this report, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective and were operating at the reasonable assurance level.

Further, management determined that, as of December 31, 2010, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the fourth fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Our management report on internal control over financial reporting and the report of our independent registered public accounting firm on our internal control over financial reporting are contained in Item 15 of Part IV of this report, “Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.”

 

Item 9B. Other Information

None.

 

100


Table of Contents

PART III

 

Item 10. Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

For information required by this Item regarding our executive officers, see Item 1 of Part I of this report, “Business.”

The information to be included in the sections entitled “Item No. 1 — Election of Directors” and “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement to be filed by us with the Securities and Exchange Commission no later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2010 (the “Proxy Statement”) is incorporated herein by reference.

The information to be included in the section entitled “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

The information to be included in the section entitled “Code of Business Conduct and Ethics” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

We have filed, as exhibits to this report, the certifications of our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer required pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.

On June 1, 2010, we submitted to the New York Stock Exchange the Annual CEO Certification required pursuant to Section 303A.12(a) of the New York Stock Exchange Listed Company Manual.

 

Item 11. Executive Compensation

The information to be included in the sections entitled “Compensation Disclosure,” “Non-Employee Directors’ Compensation” and “Organization and Compensation Committee Report” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 12. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

The information to be included in the section entitled “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 13. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

The information to be included in the sections entitled “Certain Relationships and Related Person Transactions” and “Corporate Governance” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

Item 14. Principal Accounting Fees and Services

The information to be included in the section entitled “Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm’s Fees” in the Proxy Statement is incorporated herein by reference.

 

101


Table of Contents

PART IV

 

Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules

(a) 1. Consolidated Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:

The following financial statements are included herein under Item 8 of Part II of this report, “Financial Statements and Supplementary Data:”

 

Number
     Page
Number
 

Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

     F-1   

Reports of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

     F-2   

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009

     F-4   

Consolidated Statements of Earnings for Each of the Years in the Three Year Period Ended  December 31, 2010

     F-5   

Consolidated Statements of Equity for Each of the Years in the Three Year Period Ended  December 31, 2010

     F-6   

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for Each of the Years in the Three Year Period Ended  December 31, 2010

     F-7   

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

     F-8   

Quarterly Data

     F-52   

(a) 2.  Financial Statement Schedules:

 

Number
     Page
Number
 

Schedule II — Valuation and Qualifying Accounts

     F-54   

All other schedules have been omitted for the reason that the required information is presented in the financial statements or notes thereto, the amounts involved are not significant or the schedules are not applicable.

 

102


Table of Contents

(a) 3.  Exhibits:

EXHIBIT INDEX

 

Exhibit
No.

  

Description

3.1   

Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Allergan, Inc., as filed with the State of Delaware on April 30, 2010 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 31, 2010)

3.2   

Allergan, Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on October 7, 2008)

4.1   

Form of Stock Certificate for Allergan, Inc. Common Stock, par value $0.01 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008)

4.2   

Indenture, dated as of April 12, 2006, between Allergan, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association relating to the $750,000,000 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2006)

4.3   

Indenture, dated as of April 12, 2006, between Allergan, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association relating to the $800,000,000 5.75% Senior Notes due 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2006)

4.4   

Form of 1.50% Convertible Senior Note due 2026 (incorporated by reference to (and included in) the Indenture dated as of April 12, 2006 between Allergan, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association at Exhibit 4.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2006)

4.5   

Form of 5.75% Senior Note due 2016 (incorporated by reference to (and included in) the Indenture dated as of April 12, 2006 between Allergan, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association at Exhibit 4.2 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2006)

4.6   

Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2006, among Allergan, Inc., Banc of America Securities LLC and Citigroup Global Markets Inc., as representatives of the Initial Purchasers named therein, relating to the $750,000,000 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.3 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2006)

4.7   

Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of April 12, 2006, between Allergan, Inc. and Morgan Stanley & Co. Incorporated, as representative of the Initial Purchasers named therein, relating to the $800,000,000 5.75% Senior Notes due 2016 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.4 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 12, 2006)

4.8   

Indenture, dated as of September 14, 2010, between Allergan, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association relating to the $650,000,000 3.375% Notes due 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 14, 2010)

4.9   

Supplemental Indenture, dated as of September 14, 2010, between Allergan, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association relating to the $650,000,000 3.375% Notes due 2020 (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 14, 2010)

4.10   

Form of 3.375% Note due 2020 (incorporated by reference to (and included in) the Supplemental Indenture dated as of September 14, 2010 between Allergan, Inc. and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association at Exhibit 4.2 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 14, 2010)

10.1   

Form of Director and Executive Officer Indemnity Agreement (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2006)

 

103


Table of Contents

Exhibit
No.

  

Description

10.2   

Allergan, Inc. Change in Control Policy (Effective April 2010)

10.3   

Amended and Restated Form of Allergan, Inc. Change in Control Agreement (Restated December 2010) (applicable to certain employees of Allergan, Inc., including executive officers, hired on or before December 4, 2006)

10.4   

Amended and Restated Form of Allergan, Inc. Change in Control Agreement (Restated December 2010) (applicable to certain employees of Allergan, Inc., including executive officers, hired on or after December 4, 2006)

10.5   

Allergan, Inc. 2003 Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to Allergan, Inc.’s Proxy Statement filed on March 14, 2003)

10.6   

First Amendment to Allergan, Inc. 2003 Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to Allergan, Inc.’s Proxy Statement filed on March 21, 2006)

10.7   

Second Amendment to Allergan, Inc. 2003 Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 30, 2007)

10.8   

Third Amendment to Allergan, Inc. 2003 Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan

10.9   

Amended Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement under the Allergan, Inc. 2003 Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 30, 2007)

10.10   

Amended Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Award Agreement under the Allergan, Inc. 2003 Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 30, 2007)

10.11   

Allergan, Inc. Deferred Directors’ Fee Program (Restated December 2010)

10.12   

Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan (Restated November 2000) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2000)

10.13   

First Amendment to Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan (Restated November 2000) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.51 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 26, 2003)

10.14   

Second Amendment to Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan (Restated November 2000) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.7 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2004)

10.15   

Third Amendment to Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan (Restated November 2000)

10.16   

Form of Certificate of Restricted Stock Award Terms and Conditions under the Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan (Restated November 2000) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.8 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2004)

10.17   

Allergan, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (Restated 2008) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.15 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008)

10.18   

First Amendment to Allergan, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (Restated 2008) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2009)

 

104


Table of Contents

Exhibit
No.

  

Description

10.19   

Second Amendment to Allergan, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (Restated 2008)

10.20   

Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2011)

10.21   

Allergan, Inc. Supplemental Executive Benefit Plan and Supplemental Retirement Income Plan (Restated 2008) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.19 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008)

10.22   

Allergan, Inc. Executive Severance Pay Plan (Effective January 2011) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on December 21, 2010)

10.23   

Allergan, Inc. 2006 Executive Bonus Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix B to Allergan, Inc.’s Proxy Statement filed on March 21, 2006)

10.24   

Allergan, Inc. 2011 Management Bonus Plan

10.25   

Allergan, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan (Restated 2009) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.23 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008)

10.26   

Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Appendix A to Allergan, Inc.’s Proxy Statement filed on March 20, 2008)

10.27   

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Grant Notice for Non-Employee Directors under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2008)

10.28   

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Grant Notice for Non-Employee Directors under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (Amended February 2010) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.30 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2009)

10.29   

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Grant Notice for Employees under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.5 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2008)

10.30   

Form of Non-Qualified Stock Option Grant Notice for Employees under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (as amended February 2010) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.32 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2009)

10.31   

Form of Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice for Non-Employee Directors under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.10 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2008)

10.32   

Form of Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice for Non-Employee Directors under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (Amended February 2010) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.34 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2009)

10.33   

Form of Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice for Employees under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.11 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2008)

10.34   

Form of Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice for Employees under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (Amended February 2010) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.36 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2009)

 

105


Table of Contents

Exhibit
No.

  

Description

10.35   

Form of Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice for Employees (Management Bonus Plan) under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.12 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 6, 2008)

10.36   

Form of Restricted Stock Award Grant Notice for Employees (Management Bonus Plan) under the Allergan, Inc. 2008 Incentive Award Plan (Amended February 2010) (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.38 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2009)

10.37   

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2006, among Allergan, Inc. as Borrower and Guarantor, the Banks listed therein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Administrative Agent, Citicorp USA Inc., as Syndication Agent and Bank of America, N.A., as Document Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 4, 2006)

10.38   

First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of March 16, 2007, among Allergan, Inc., as Borrower and Guarantor, the Banks listed therein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Administrative Agent, Citicorp USA Inc., as Syndication Agent and Bank of America, N.A., as Document Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.13 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 30, 2007)

10.39   

Second Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of May 24, 2007, among Allergan, Inc., as Borrower and Guarantor, the Banks listed therein, JPMorgan Chase Bank, as Administrative Agent, Citicorp USA Inc., as Syndication Agent and Bank of America, N.A., as Document Agent (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.4 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 29, 2007)

10.40   

Purchase Agreement, dated as of June 6, 2008, between Allergan Sales, LLC and QLT USA, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 2.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 9, 2008)

10.41   

Contribution and Distribution Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2002, between Allergan, Inc. and Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.35 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 28, 2002)

10.42   

Employee Matters Agreement, dated as of June 24, 2002, between Allergan, Inc. and Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.37 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 28, 2002)

10.43   

Botox ® — China License Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2005, among Allergan, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC and Glaxo Group Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.51** to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2005)

10.44   

Amendment No. 1 to Botox ® — China License Agreement, dated as of March 9, 2010, among Allergan, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC, Allergan Pharmaceuticals Holdings (Ireland) Ltd., Allergan Botox Limited, Allergan Pharmaceuticals Ireland, and Glaxo Group Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1** to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2010)

10.45   

Botox ® — Japan License Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2005, among Allergan, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC and Glaxo Group Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.52** to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2005)

 

106


Table of Contents

Exhibit
No.

  

Description

10.46   

Amendment No. 1 to Botox ® — Japan License Agreement, dated as of March 9, 2010, among Allergan, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC, Allergan K.K., Allergan NK, and Glaxo Group Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2** to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 11, 2010)

10.47   

Co-Promotion Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2005, among Allergan, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC and SmithKline Beecham Corporation d/b/a GlaxoSmithKline (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.53** to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2005)

10.48   

China Botox ® Supply Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2005, between Allergan Pharmaceuticals Ireland and Glaxo Group Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.55** to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2005)

10.49   

Japan Botox ® Supply Agreement, dated as of September 30, 2005, between Allergan Pharmaceuticals Ireland and Glaxo Group Limited (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.56** to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2005)

10.50   

Amended and Restated License, Commercialization and Supply Agreement, dated as of September 18, 2007, between Esprit Pharma, Inc. and Indevus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (incorporated by reference and included as Exhibit C** to the Agreement and Plan of Merger, dated as of September 18, 2007, among Allergan, Inc., Esmeralde Acquisition, Inc., Esprit Pharma Holding Company, Inc. and the Escrow Participants’ Representative at Exhibit 2.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on September 24, 2007)

10.51   

First Amendment to Amended and Restated License, Commercialization and Supply Agreement, dated as of January 9, 2009, between Allergan USA, Inc. and Indevus Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.60 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008)

10.52   

License, Development, Supply and Distribution Agreement, dated as of October 28, 2008, among Allergan, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC, Allergan USA, Inc. and Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc.** (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.61 to Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2008)

10.53   

First Amendment to License, Development, Supply and Distribution Agreement, dated as of April 20, 2009, among Allergan, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC, Allergan USA, Inc. and Spectrum Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.62 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended March 31, 2009)

10.54   

License, Transfer, and Development Agreement, dated as of March 31, 2010, among Serenity Pharmaceuticals LLC and Allergan Sales, LLC, Allergan USA, Inc., and Allergan, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1** to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on April 2, 2010)

10.55   

Collaboration Agreement, dated as of January 28, 2011, among MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Allergan USA, Inc., Allergan Sales, LLC and Allergan, Inc.*

10.56   

Co-Promotion Agreement, dated as of January 28, 2011, among MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc., Allergan USA, Inc. and Allergan, Inc.*

10.57   

Letter of Understanding, dated as of August 1, 2010, between Allergan, Inc. and Douglas S. Ingram (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.66 to Allergan, Inc.’s Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended June 30, 2010)

 

107


Table of Contents

Exhibit
No.

  

Description

10.58   

Settlement Agreement, dated as of August 31, 2010, among the United States of America, acting through the United States Department of Justice and the United States Attorney’s Office for the Northern District of Georgia and on behalf of the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services, the TRICARE Management Activity, the United States Office of Personnel Management, the United States Department of Veteran Affairs, and Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs of the United States Department of Labor, the relators identified therein; and Allergan, Inc. and Allergan USA, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2010)

10.59   

Corporate Integrity Agreement, dated as of August 30, 2010, between the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services and Allergan, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 8-K filed on September 1, 2010)

10.60   

Plea Agreement, dated as of October 5, 2010, between the United States Attorney’s Office for the Northern District of Georgia as counsel for the United States, and Allergan, Inc. (incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.70 to Allergan, Inc.’s Current Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarter ended September 30, 2011)

21   

List of Subsidiaries of Allergan, Inc.

23.1   

Consent of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

31.1   

Certification of Principal Executive Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

31.2   

Certification of Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended

32   

Certification of Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer Required Under Rule 13a-14(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and 18 U.S.C. Section 1350

101   

The following financial statements are from Allergan, Inc.’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the Fiscal Year ended December 31, 2010, formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) Consolidated Balance Sheets; (ii) Consolidated Statements of Earnings; (iii) Consolidated Statements of Equity; (iv) Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows; and (v) Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

*

Confidential treatment was requested with respect to the omitted portions of this Exhibit, which portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission

 

**

Confidential treatment was requested with respect to the omitted portions of this Exhibit, which portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission and which portions were granted confidential treatment

 

108


Table of Contents

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

A LLERGAN , I NC .
By   / S / D AVID E.I. P YOTT
  David E.I. Pyott
 

Chairman of the Board and

Chief Executive Officer

Date: February 28, 2011

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.

 

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  D AVID E.I. P YOTT
     
    David E.I. Pyott
   

Chairman of the Board and

Chief Executive Officer

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  J EFFREY L. E DWARDS
     
    Jeffrey L. Edwards
   

Executive Vice President, Finance and Business
Development, Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Date: February 22, 2011

  By   / S /  J AMES F. B ARLOW
     
    James F. Barlow
   

Senior Vice President, Corporate Controller

(Principal Accounting Officer)

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  H ERBERT W. B OYER
     
    Herbert W. Boyer, Ph.D.,
    Vice Chairman of the Board

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  D EBORAH D UNSIRE
     
    Deborah Dunsire M.D. , Director

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  M ICHAEL R. G ALLAGHER
     
    Michael R. Gallagher , Director

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  G AVIN S. H ERBERT
     
    Gavin S. Herbert,
    Director and Chairman Emeritus

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  D AWN H UDSON
     
    Dawn Hudson, Director

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  R OBERT A. I NGRAM
     
    Robert A. Ingram, Director

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  T REVOR M. J ONES
     
    Trevor M. Jones, Ph.D., Director

 

109


Table of Contents

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  L OUIS J. L AVIGNE , J R .
     
    Louis J. Lavigne, Jr., Director

Date: February 28, 2011

  By   / S /  R USSELL T. R AY
     
    Russell T. Ray, Director

Date: February 18, 2011

  By   / S /  S TEPHEN J. R YAN
     
    Stephen J. Ryan, M.D., Director

Date: February 24, 2011

  By   / S /  L EONARD D. S CHAEFFER
     
    Leonard D. Schaeffer, Director

 

110


Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT’S REPORT ON INTERNAL CONTROL OVER FINANCIAL REPORTING

Internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, refers to the process designed by, or under the supervision of, our Principal Executive Officer and Principal Financial Officer, and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and includes those policies and procedures that:

(1) Pertain to the maintenance of records that in reasonable detail accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of Allergan;

(2) Provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of Allergan are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of Allergan; and

(3) Provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of Allergan’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Allergan’s internal control over financial reporting has been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report on internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010. Internal control over financial reporting cannot provide absolute assurance of achieving financial reporting objectives because of its inherent limitations. Internal control over financial reporting is a process that involves human diligence and compliance and is subject to lapses in judgment and breakdowns resulting from human failures. Internal control over financial reporting also can be circumvented by collusion or improper management override. Because of such limitations, there is a risk that material misstatements may not be prevented or detected on a timely basis by internal control over financial reporting. However, these inherent limitations are known features of the financial reporting process. Therefore, it is possible to design into the process safeguards to reduce, though not eliminate, this risk. Management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for Allergan.

Management has used the framework set forth in the report entitled “Internal Control — Integrated Framework” published by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission to evaluate the effectiveness of Allergan’s internal control over financial reporting. Management has concluded that Allergan’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2010, based on those criteria.

David E.I. Pyott

Chairman of the Board and

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Jeffrey L. Edwards

Executive Vice President,

Finance and Business Development,

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

February 23, 2011

 

F-1


Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Allergan, Inc.

We have audited Allergan, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). Allergan, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, Allergan, Inc. maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on the COSO criteria.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of Allergan, Inc. as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010 of Allergan, Inc. and our report dated February 28, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/  E RNST  & Y OUNG LLP

Irvine, California

February 28, 2011

 

F-2


Table of Contents

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders of Allergan, Inc.

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Allergan, Inc. as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, equity, and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010. Our audits also included the financial statement schedule listed in the Index at Item 15(a)2. These financial statements and the financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements and schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the consolidated financial position of Allergan, Inc. at December 31, 2010 and 2009, and the consolidated results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2010, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also, in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly in all material respects the information set forth therein.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), Allergan, Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2010, based on criteria established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission and our report dated February 28, 2011 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

/s/  E RNST  & Y OUNG LLP

Irvine, California

February 28, 2011

 

F-3


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(in millions, except share data)

 

$7,536.6 $7,536.6
     As of December 31,  
     2010     2009  
ASSETS   

Current assets:

    

Cash and equivalents

   $ 1,991.2      $ 1,947.1   

Short-term investments

     749.1          

Trade receivables, net

     647.3        576.6   

Inventories

     229.4        213.9   

Other current assets

     376.7        368.7   
                

Total current assets

     3,993.7        3,106.3   

Investments and other assets

     261.4        266.7   

Deferred tax assets

     217.8          

Property, plant and equipment, net

     800.6        808.1   

Goodwill

     2,038.6        1,998.3   

Intangibles, net

     996.0        1,357.2   
                

Total assets

   $ 8,308.1      $ 7,536.6   
                
LIABILITIES AND EQUITY   

Current liabilities:

    

Notes payable

   $ 28.1      $ 18.1   

Convertible notes

     642.5          

Accounts payable

     222.5        204.0   

Accrued compensation

     182.4        164.3   

Other accrued expenses

     436.8        382.7   

Income taxes

     16.1        42.5   
                

Total current liabilities

     1,528.4        811.6   

Long-term debt

     1,534.2        874.0   

Long-term convertible notes

            617.3   

Deferred tax liabilities

            1.4   

Other liabilities

     464.4        388.4   

Commitments and contingencies

    

Equity:

    

Allergan, Inc. stockholders’ equity:

    

Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized 5,000,000 shares; none issued

              

Common stock, $.01 par value; authorized 500,000,000 shares; issued 307,512,000
shares as of December 31, 2010 and 2009

     3.1        3.1   

Additional paid-in capital

     2,815.5        2,730.3   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (152.9     (102.8

Retained earnings

     2,225.9        2,356.7   
                
     4,891.6        4,987.3   

Less treasury stock, at cost (1,987,000 and 3,079,000 shares as of December 31, 2010
and 2009, respectively)

     (133.9     (164.5
                

Total stockholders’ equity

     4,757.7        4,822.8   

Noncontrolling interest

     23.4        21.1   
                

Total equity

     4,781.1        4,843.9   
                

Total liabilities and equity

   $ 8,308.1      $ 7,536.6   
                

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-4


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EARNINGS

(in millions, except per share amounts)

 

$4,447.6 $4,447.6 $4,447.6
     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  

Revenues:

      

Product net sales

   $ 4,819.6      $ 4,447.6      $ 4,339.7   

Other revenues

     99.8        56.0        63.7   
                        

Total revenues

     4,919.4        4,503.6        4,403.4   

Operating costs and expenses:

      

Cost of sales (excludes amortization of acquired intangible assets)

     722.0        750.9        761.2   

Selling, general and administrative

     2,017.6        1,921.5        1,856.1   

Research and development

     804.6        706.0        797.9   

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

     138.0        146.3        150.9   

Legal settlement

     609.2                 

Intangible asset impairment and related costs

     369.1                 

Restructuring charges

     0.3        50.9        41.3   
                        

Operating income

     258.6        928.0        796.0   

Non-operating income (expense):

      

Interest income

     7.3        7.0        33.5   

Interest expense

     (78.7     (76.9     (85.5

Gain on investments, net

            24.6          

Other, net

     (16.4     (34.2     18.2   
                        
     (87.8     (79.5     (33.8
                        

Earnings before income taxes

     170.8        848.5        762.2   

Provision for income taxes

     165.9        224.7        197.5   
                        

Net earnings

     4.9        623.8        564.7   

Net earnings attributable to noncontrolling interest

     4.3        2.5        1.6   
                        

Net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc.

   $ 0.6      $ 621.3      $ 563.1   
                        

Earnings per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders:

      

Basic

   $ 0.00      $ 2.05      $ 1.85   
                        

Diluted

   $ 0.00      $ 2.03      $ 1.84   
                        

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-5


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY

(in millions, except per share amounts)

 

 

    Stockholders’ Equity                    
                      Accumulated                                      
    Common Stock     Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Other
Comprehensive
Loss
    Retained
Earnings
    Treasury Stock     Noncontrolling
Interest
    Total
Equity
    Comprehensive
Income
(Loss)
 
    Shares     Par Value           Shares     Amount        

Balance December 31, 2007

    307.5      $ 3.1      $ 2,530.8      $ (34.8   $ 1,399.0        (1.6   $ (103.6   $ 1.5      $ 3,796.0     

Comprehensive income

                   

Net earnings

            563.1            1.6        564.7      $ 564.7   

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

                   

Pension and postretirement benefit plan adjustments:

                   

Net losses

          (125.8               (125.8

Amortization

          3.9                  3.9   

Foreign currency translation adjustments

          (39.1           (0.4       (39.5

Amortization of deferred holding gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

          (0.8               (0.8

Unrealized loss on investments

          (3.1               (3.1
                         

Other comprehensive loss

                    (165.3     (165.3
                         

Comprehensive income

                    $ 399.4   
                         

Adjustment, net of tax, upon adoption of the measurement date provision of guidance for pension and postretirement plans

          1.0        (4.6           (3.6  

Dividends ($0.20 per share)

            (61.0           (61.0  

Stock options exercised

            (45.5     1.5        97.4          51.9     

Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation

        11.1                  11.1     

Activity under other stock plans

            (6.1     0.4        26.2          20.1     

Purchase of treasury stock

              (4.0     (230.1       (230.1  

Stock-based award activity

        54.7          (2.8     0.3        17.7          69.6     

Dividends to noncontrolling interest

                  (0.9     (0.9  
                                                                         

Balance December 31, 2008

    307.5        3.1        2,596.6        (198.7     1,842.1        (3.4     (192.4     1.8        4,052.5     

Comprehensive income

                   

Net earnings

            621.3            2.5        623.8      $ 623.8   

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

                   

Pension and postretirement benefit plan adjustments:

                   

Net gain

          48.9                  48.9   

Amortization

          9.2                  9.2   

Foreign currency translation adjustments

          37.2              1.7          38.9   

Amortization of deferred holding gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

          (0.8               (0.8

Unrealized gain on investments

          1.4                  1.4   
                         

Other comprehensive income

                    97.6        97.6   
                         

Comprehensive income

                    $ 721.4   
                         

Dividends ($0.20 per share)

            (60.9           (60.9  

Stock options exercised

            (35.5     2.2        101.0          65.5     

Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation

        7.3                  7.3     

Activity under other stock plans

            (2.6     0.2        11.5          8.9     

Purchase of treasury stock

              (2.0     (105.5       (105.5  

Stock-based award activity

        126.4          (7.7     (0.1     20.9          139.6     

Noncontrolling interest from an acquisition

                  16.7        16.7     

Dividends to noncontrolling interest

                  (1.6     (1.6  
                                                                         

Balance December 31, 2009

    307.5        3.1        2,730.3        (102.8     2,356.7        (3.1     (164.5     21.1        4,843.9     

Comprehensive income

                   

Net earnings

            0.6            4.3        4.9      $ 4.9   

Other comprehensive income, net of tax:

                   

Pension and postretirement benefit plan adjustments:

                   

Net losses

          (53.5               (53.5

Amortization

          8.2                  8.2   

Foreign currency translation adjustments

          (4.0           0.8          (3.2

Amortization of deferred holding gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges

          (0.8               (0.8
                         

Other comprehensive loss

                    (49.3     (49.3
                         

Comprehensive loss

                    $ (44.4
                         

Dividends ($0.20 per share)

            (60.9           (60.9  

Stock options exercised

            (73.9     5.4        305.1          231.2     

Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation

        27.1                  27.1     

Activity under other stock plans

        2.6          0.7        0.1        3.9          7.2     

Purchase of treasury stock

              (4.5     (286.0       (286.0  

Stock-based award activity

        55.5          2.7        0.1        7.6          65.8     

Noncontrolling interest from an acquisition

                  (0.4     (0.4  

Dividends to noncontrolling interest

                  (2.4     (2.4  
                                                                         

Balance December 31, 2010

    307.5      $ 3.1      $ 2,815.5      $ (152.9   $ 2,225.9        (2.0   $ (133.9   $ 23.4      $ 4,781.1     
                                                                         

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

F-6


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS

(in millions)

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  

Cash flows from operating activities:

      

Net earnings

   $ 4.9      $ 623.8      $ 564.7   

Non-cash items included in net earnings:

      

Depreciation and amortization

     257.1        262.1        264.4   

Amortization of original issue discount and debt issuance costs

     28.4        27.5        29.4   

Amortization of net realized gain on interest rate swap

     (1.3     (1.3     (1.3

Deferred income tax benefit

     (249.1     (112.8     (101.0

Loss on disposal and impairment of assets

     17.9        3.8        11.5   

Loss on extinguishment of convertible debt

            5.3          

Unrealized loss (gain) on derivative instruments

     7.6        13.6        (14.8

Expense of share-based compensation plans

     73.9        151.9        93.1   

Legal settlement

     15.2                 

Intangible asset impairment and related costs

     369.1                 

Expense from changes in fair value of contingent consideration

     7.9                 

Restructuring charges

     0.3        50.9        41.3   

Gain on investments, net

            (24.6       

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:

      

Trade receivables

     (71.4     (17.7     (114.5

Inventories

     (5.6     67.7        (48.0

Other current assets

     7.3        4.9        4.6   

Other non-current assets

     (18.6     (20.3     (2.9

Accounts payable

     8.6        22.5        (32.9

Accrued expenses

     34.4        16.2        14.0   

Income taxes

     (17.6     (1.6     35.3   

Other liabilities

     (5.1     41.4        (60.4
                        

Net cash provided by operating activities

     463.9        1,113.3        682.5   
                        

Cash flows from investing activities:

      

Purchases of short-term investments

     (824.1              

Acquisitions, net of cash acquired

     (69.8     (12.8     (150.1

Additions to property, plant and equipment

     (102.8     (95.8     (190.8

Additions to capitalized software

     (13.3     (26.6     (56.3

Additions to intangible assets

     (40.9     (3.3     (69.8

Contractual purchase price adjustments to prior acquisitions

     (1.7     11.6          

Proceeds from maturities of short-term investments

     75.0                 

Proceeds from sale of investments

            28.2          

Proceeds from sale of business and assets

                   6.1   

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

     0.4               1.2   
                        

Net cash used in investing activities

     (977.2     (98.7     (459.7
                        

Cash flows from financing activities:

      

Net borrowings (repayments) of notes payable

     6.6        12.1        (34.7

Payments to acquire treasury stock

     (286.0     (105.5     (230.1

Dividends to stockholders

     (60.6     (60.6     (60.7

Repayments of convertible borrowings

            (98.3       

Debt issuance costs

     (6.1              

Proceeds from issuance of senior notes, net of discount

     648.0                 

Sale of stock to employees

     234.0        63.5        51.6   

Excess tax benefits from share-based compensation

     27.1        7.3        11.1   
                        

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     563.0        (181.5     (262.8
                        

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents

     (5.6     3.6        (7.5
                        

Net increase (decrease) in cash and equivalents

     44.1        836.7        (47.5

Cash and equivalents at beginning of year

     1,947.1        1,110.4        1,157.9   
                        

Cash and equivalents at end of year

   $ 1,991.2      $ 1,947.1      $ 1,110.4   
                        

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information

      

Cash paid during the year for:

      

Interest (net of amount capitalized)

   $ 48.0      $ 53.7      $ 60.7   
                        

Income taxes, net of refunds

   $ 410.8      $ 332.6      $ 261.4   
                        

In 2009, the Company acquired an office building contiguous to its main facility in Irvine, California for approximately $20.7 million. The Company assumed a mortgage of $20.0 million and paid $0.7 million in cash.

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements

 

F-7


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

Note 1:    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Allergan, Inc. (“Allergan” or the “Company”) and all of its subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions and balances among the consolidated entities have been eliminated from the consolidated financial statements.

Use of Estimates

The financial statements have been prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States and, as such, include amounts based on informed estimates and judgments of management. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates.

Foreign Currency Translation

The financial position and results of operations of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are generally determined using local currency as the functional currency. Assets and liabilities of these subsidiaries are translated at the exchange rate in effect at each year end. Income statement accounts are translated at the average rate of exchange prevailing during the year. Adjustments arising from the use of differing exchange rates from period to period are included in accumulated other comprehensive loss in equity. Aggregate net realized and unrealized (losses) gains resulting from foreign currency transactions and derivative contracts of approximately $(17.8) million, $(28.9) million and $17.7 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, are included in “Other, net” in the Company’s consolidated statements of earnings.

Cash and Equivalents

The Company considers cash in banks, repurchase agreements, commercial paper and deposits with financial institutions with maturities of three months or less when purchased and that can be liquidated without prior notice or penalty, to be cash and equivalents.

Short-Term Investments

Short-term investments consist primarily of investment grade commercial paper with maturities from three months to one year when purchased and are classified as available-for-sale. As of December 31, 2010, short-term investments are valued at cost, which approximates fair value due to their short-term maturities.

Investments

The Company has non-marketable equity investments in conjunction with its various collaboration arrangements. The non-marketable equity investments represent investments in start-up technology companies or partnerships that invest in start-up technology companies and are recorded at cost. The non-marketable equity investments are evaluated periodically for impairment. If it is determined that a decline of any investment is other than temporary, then the investment basis would be written down to fair value and the write-down would be included in earnings as a loss.

Inventories

Inventories are valued at the lower of cost or market (net realizable value). Cost is determined by the first-in, first-out method.

 

F-8


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Long-Lived Assets

Property, plant and equipment are stated at cost. Additions, major renewals and improvements are capitalized, while maintenance and repairs are expensed. Upon disposition, the net book value of assets is relieved and resulting gains or losses are reflected in earnings. For financial reporting purposes, depreciation is generally provided on the straight-line method over the useful life of the related asset. The useful lives for buildings, including building improvements, range from seven years to 40 years and, for machinery and equipment, three years to 15 years.

Leasehold improvements are amortized over the shorter of their economic lives or lease terms. Accelerated depreciation methods are generally used for income tax purposes.

All long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment in value when changes in circumstances dictate, based upon undiscounted future operating cash flows, and appropriate losses are recognized and reflected in current earnings, to the extent the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated fair value determined by the use of appraisals, discounted cash flow analyses or comparable fair values of similar assets.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of acquisition cost over the fair value of the net assets of acquired businesses. Goodwill has an indefinite useful life and is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment annually. Intangible assets include developed technology, customer relationships, licensing agreements, trademarks, core technology and other rights, which are being amortized over their estimated useful lives ranging from three to 21 years, and an in-process research and development asset with an indefinite useful life that is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment until the successful completion and commercialization or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts, at which point the in-process research and development asset is either amortized over its estimated useful life or written-off immediately.

Treasury Stock

Treasury stock is accounted for by the cost method. The Company maintains an evergreen stock repurchase program. The evergreen stock repurchase program authorizes management to repurchase the Company’s common stock for the primary purpose of funding its stock-based benefit plans. Under the stock repurchase program, the Company may maintain up to 18.4 million repurchased shares in its treasury account at any one time. As of December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company held approximately 2.0 million and 3.1 million treasury shares, respectively, under this program.

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue from product sales when goods are shipped and title and risk of loss transfer to its customers. A portion of the Company’s revenue is generated from consigned inventory of breast implants maintained at physician, hospital and clinic locations. These customers are contractually obligated to maintain a specific level of inventory and to notify the Company upon use. Revenue for consigned inventory is recognized at the time the Company is notified by the customer that the product has been used. Notification is usually through the replenishing of the inventory, and the Company periodically reviews consignment inventories to confirm the accuracy of customer reporting.

The Company generally offers cash discounts to customers for the early payment of receivables. Those discounts are recorded as a reduction of revenue and accounts receivable in the same period that the related sale

 

F-9


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

is recorded. The amounts reserved for cash discounts were $4.4 million and $3.3 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The Company permits returns of product from most product lines by any class of customer if such product is returned in a timely manner, in good condition and from normal distribution channels. Return policies in certain international markets and for certain medical device products, primarily breast implants, provide for more stringent guidelines in accordance with the terms of contractual agreements with customers. Estimated allowances for sales returns are based upon the Company’s historical patterns of product returns matched against sales, and management’s evaluation of specific factors that may increase the risk of product returns. The amount of allowances for sales returns recognized in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were $52.3 million and $41.5 million, respectively, and are recorded in “Other accrued expenses” and “Trade receivables, net” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. (See Note 4, “Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions.”) Historical allowances for cash discounts and product returns have been consistent with the amounts reserved or accrued.

The Company participates in various managed care sales rebate and other incentive programs, the largest of which relates to Medicaid, Medicare and the Department of Veterans Affairs. Sales rebate and other incentive programs also include contractual volume rebate programs and chargebacks, which are contractual discounts given primarily to federal government agencies, health maintenance organizations, pharmacy benefits managers and group purchasing organizations. The Company also offers rebate and other incentive programs for its aesthetic products and certain therapeutic products, including Botox ® Cosmetic, Juvéderm ® , Latisse ® , Acuvail ® , Aczone ® and Restasis ® , and for certain other skin care products. Sales rebates and incentive accruals reduce revenue in the same period that the related sale is recorded and are included in “Other accrued expenses” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. (See Note 4, “Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions.”) The amounts accrued for sales rebates and other incentive programs were $186.5 million and $158.6 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

The Company’s procedures for estimating amounts accrued for sales rebates and other incentive programs at the end of any period are based on available quantitative data and are supplemented by management’s judgment with respect to many factors including, but not limited to, current market dynamics, changes in contract terms, changes in sales trends, an evaluation of current laws and regulations and product pricing. Quantitatively, the Company uses historical sales, product utilization and rebate data and applies forecasting techniques in order to estimate the Company’s liability amounts. Qualitatively, management’s judgment is applied to these items to modify, if appropriate, the estimated liability amounts. Additionally, there is a significant time lag between the date the Company determines the estimated liability and when the Company actually pays the liability. Due to this time lag, the Company records adjustments to its estimated liabilities over several periods, which can result in a net increase to earnings or a net decrease to earnings in those periods.

The Company recognizes license fees, royalties and reimbursement income for services provided as other revenues based on the facts and circumstances of each contractual agreement. In general, the Company recognizes income upon the signing of a contractual agreement that grants rights to products or technology to a third party if the Company has no further obligation to provide products or services to the third party after entering into the contract. The Company defers income under contractual agreements when it has further obligations that indicate that a separate earnings process has not been completed.

Share-Based Compensation

The Company recognizes compensation expense for all share-based awards made to employees and directors. The fair value of share-based awards is estimated at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and the portion that is ultimately expected to vest is recognized as compensation cost over the

 

F-10


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

requisite service period using the straight-line single option method. The fair value of modifications to share-based awards is generally estimated using a lattice model.

Advertising Expenses

Advertising expenses relating to production costs are expensed as incurred and the costs of television time, radio time and space in publications are expensed when the related advertising occurs. Advertising expenses were approximately $171.4 million, $185.2 million and $126.0 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Income Taxes

The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities along with net operating loss and tax credit carryovers. The Company records a valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets to reduce the net carrying value to an amount that it believes is more likely than not to be realized. When the Company establishes or reduces the valuation allowance against its deferred tax assets, its provision for income taxes will increase or decrease, respectively, in the period such determination is made.

Valuation allowances against the Company’s deferred tax assets were $4.3 million and $4.6 million at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009, respectively. Changes in the valuation allowances, when they are recognized in the provision for income taxes, are included as a component of the estimated annual effective tax rate.

The Company has not provided for withholding and U.S. taxes for the unremitted earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries because it has currently reinvested these earnings indefinitely in these foreign operations. At December 31, 2010, the Company had approximately $2,109.4 million in unremitted earnings outside the United States for which withholding and U.S. taxes were not provided. Income tax expense would be incurred if these funds were remitted to the United States. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of the deferred tax liability on such unremitted earnings. Upon remittance, certain foreign countries impose withholding taxes that are then available, subject to certain limitations, for use as credits against the Company’s U.S. tax liability, if any.

Acquisitions

The accounting for acquisitions requires extensive use of estimates and judgments to measure the fair value of the identifiable tangible and intangible assets acquired, including in-process research and development, and liabilities assumed. Additionally, the Company must determine whether an acquired entity is considered to be a business or a set of net assets, because the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired can only be recognized as goodwill in a business combination.

On July 1, 2010, the Company completed a business combination agreement and effected a revised distribution agreement with its distributor in Turkey. The Company paid $33.0 million for the termination of the original distribution agreement and purchased the commercial assets related to the selling of the Company’s products in Turkey for $6.1 million in cash and estimated contingent consideration of $36.7 million as of the acquisition date. On January 15, 2010, the Company acquired Serica Technologies, Inc. (Serica) for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $63.7 million, net of cash acquired. On July 7, 2009, the Company acquired a 50.001% stockholder interest in a joint venture, Samil Allergan Ophthalmic Joint Venture Company (Samil), for approximately $14.8 million, net of cash acquired. The Company accounted for these acquisitions as business combinations. The tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with these

 

F-11


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

acquisitions were recognized based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition dates. The determination of estimated fair values requires significant estimates and assumptions including, but not limited to, determining the timing and estimated costs to complete the in-process projects, projecting regulatory approvals, estimating future cash flows, and developing appropriate discount rates. The Company believes the estimated fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on reasonable assumptions.

Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) encompasses all changes in equity other than those with stockholders and consists of net earnings (losses), foreign currency translation adjustments, certain pension and other postretirement benefit plan adjustments, unrealized gains or losses on marketable equity investments and unrealized and realized gains or losses on derivative instruments, if applicable. The Company does not recognize U.S. income taxes on foreign currency translation adjustments since it does not provide for such taxes on undistributed earnings of foreign subsidiaries.

Reclassifications

Certain reclassifications of prior year amounts have been made to conform with the current year presentation.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standards

In June 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued authoritative guidance that requires companies to perform a qualitative analysis to determine whether a variable interest in another entity represents a controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity. A controlling financial interest in a variable interest entity is characterized by having both the power to direct the most significant activities of the entity and the obligation to absorb losses or the right to receive benefits of the entity. This guidance also requires ongoing reassessments of variable interests based on changes in facts and circumstances. This guidance became effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2009. The Company adopted the provisions of the guidance in the first quarter of 2010 and determined that as of December 31, 2010, the Company holds a variable interest in one variable interest entity (VIE) for which the Company is not the primary beneficiary.

New Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted

In December 2010, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that provides guidance on the recognition and classification of the annual fee imposed by the Patient Act and Affordable Care Act as amended by the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act on pharmaceutical companies that manufacture or import branded prescription drugs. Under this guidance, the annual fee should be estimated and recognized in full as a liability upon the first qualifying sale with a corresponding deferred cost that is amortized to operating expense using a straight-line method of allocation unless another method better allocates the fee over the calendar year in which it is payable. The annual fee ranges from $2.5 billion to $4.1 billion for all affected entities in total, a portion of which will be allocated to the Company on the basis of the amount of its branded prescription drug sales for the preceding year as a percentage of the industry’s branded prescription drug sales for the same period. The annual fee is not deductible for federal income tax purposes. This guidance will be effective for calendar years beginning after December 31, 2010, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2011. The Company currently estimates the annual fee for 2011 to be approximately $20.0 million.

In December 2010, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that requires an entity to perform Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test for its reporting units with a zero or a negative carrying amount if there are

 

F-12


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

qualitative factors indicating that it is more likely than not that a goodwill impairment exists. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2011, and applied as a change in accounting principle with any impairment recorded as a cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In December 2010, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that requires an entity to disclose pro forma revenue and earnings of the combined entity for both the year in which a business combination occurred and the prior year as if the business combination had occurred as of the beginning of prior year only. This guidance will be effective prospectively for business combinations occurring in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2011. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In April 2010, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that provides guidance on the milestone method of revenue recognition for research and development arrangements. This guidance allows an entity to make an accounting policy election to recognize revenue that is contingent upon the achievement of a substantive milestone in its entirety in the period in which the milestone is achieved. This guidance will be effective for fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2011, and may be applied prospectively to milestones achieved after the adoption date or retrospectively for all periods presented, with earlier application permitted. The Company expects to make an accounting policy election to apply the guidance prospectively beginning in the first quarter of 2011 to recognize revenue in its entirety in the period in which a substantive milestone is achieved. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

In October 2009, the FASB issued an accounting standards update that requires an entity to allocate arrangement consideration at the inception of an arrangement to all of its deliverables based on their relative selling prices, eliminates the use of the residual method of allocation, and requires the relative-selling-price method in all circumstances in which an entity recognizes revenue of an arrangement with multiple deliverables. This guidance will be effective for revenue arrangements entered into or materially modified in fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010, which will be the Company’s fiscal year 2011, with earlier application permitted. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the guidance will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

Note 2:    Acquisitions and Collaborations

Purchase of Distributor’s Business in Turkey

On July 1, 2010, the Company terminated its existing distributor agreement in Turkey and completed the purchase from its distributor of all licenses, registrations and other assets related to the selling of the Company’s products in Turkey. Additionally, former employees of the distributor who were primarily engaged in the selling and marketing of the Company’s products were transferred to the Company on that date. The termination of the existing distributor agreement and purchase of the commercial assets enabled the Company to initiate direct selling operations in Turkey.

In conjunction with the termination of the existing distributor agreement, the Company paid $33.0 million, including a termination fee and related taxes, which is included in selling, general and administrative (SG&A) expenses in the third quarter of 2010. The purchase of the commercial assets was accounted for as a business combination. In connection with the purchase of the assets, the Company paid $6.1 million and is required to pay

 

F-13


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

additional contingent consideration based on specified percentages of revenue in Turkey over the next five years. The estimated fair value of the contingent consideration as of the acquisition date was $36.7 million. The Company recognized goodwill of $31.5 million and intangible assets of $11.3 million based on their estimated fair values at the purchase date. No liabilities were assumed in connection with the purchase. The Company believes that the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and the contingent consideration were based on reasonable assumptions. The useful life of the intangible assets was determined to be 10.0 years. The Company currently estimates that a substantial portion of the goodwill acquired will be deductible for income tax purposes. As of December 31, 2010, the total estimated fair value of the contingent consideration was $44.5 million, of which $3.2 million was included in “Accounts payable” and $41.3 million was included in “Other liabilities.”

Serica Acquisition

On January 15, 2010, the Company completed the acquisition of Serica, a development stage medical device company based in the United States focused on developing biodegradable silk-based scaffolds for use in tissue regeneration for breast reconstruction, for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $63.7 million, net of cash acquired. In connection with the acquisition, the Company acquired assets with a fair value of $96.0 million and assumed liabilities of $32.3 million. The acquisition was funded from current cash and equivalents balances. The Serica acquisition provides the Company with an approved technology that has potential future application in breast augmentation, revision surgeries, as well as potential bariatric applications.

The Company recognized tangible and intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with the Serica acquisition based on their estimated fair values at the acquisition date. The excess of the purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired was recognized as goodwill. The goodwill acquired in the Serica acquisition is not deductible for federal income tax purposes.

The Company believes the fair values assigned to the Serica assets acquired and liabilities assumed were based on reasonable assumptions. The following table summarizes the estimated fair values of net assets acquired:

 

     (in millions)  

Identifiable intangible assets

   $ 71.4   

Goodwill

     13.2   

Property, plant and equipment

     0.7   

Deferred tax assets — non-current

     10.7   

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

     (3.1

Notes payable

     (3.4

Deferred tax liabilities — non-current

     (25.8
        
   $      63.7   
        

The acquired identifiable intangible assets consist of $67.1 million in developed technology related to a medical device approved in the United States that aids in the repair and reinforcement of human soft tissue and an in-process research and development asset of $4.3 million related to a dermal filler technology that has not yet achieved regulatory approval. The useful life of the developed technology was determined to be approximately 11.8 years. Future impairment evaluations for the developed technology will occur at a consolidated cash flow level within the Company’s medical devices segment in the United States, the market used to originally value the intangible asset. The in-process research and development asset is classified as an indefinite-lived intangible asset until the successful completion and commercialization or abandonment of the associated research and development efforts.

 

F-14


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Samil Acquisition

On July 7, 2009, the Company and Samil Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. entered into a joint venture, Samil Allergan Ophthalmic Joint Venture Company (Samil), in Korea by integrating the Samil Eyecare division with the Company’s Korean ophthalmology products. In addition, the Company paid approximately $16.3 million ($14.8 million, net of cash acquired) to Samil Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. to acquire the Company’s joint venture investment and received a 50.001% stockholder interest in the joint venture. The acquisition was funded from cash and equivalents balances. The Company accounted for the Samil acquisition as a business combination.

In connection with the Samil acquisition, the Company acquired assets with a fair value of $40.8 million, including goodwill of $24.7 million, intangible assets of $5.1 million, cash of $1.5 million and other assets of $9.5 million, and assumed liabilities of $8.1 million. The Company believes the fair values assigned to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed were based on reasonable assumptions. In the first quarter of 2010, the Company increased goodwill by $1.7 million due to a contractual purchase price adjustment.

Collaborations

In March 2010, the Company and Serenity Pharmaceuticals, LLC (Serenity) entered into an agreement for the license, development and commercialization of a Phase III investigational drug currently in clinical development for the treatment of nocturia, a common urological disorder in adults characterized by frequent urination at night time. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company receives exclusive worldwide rights to develop, manufacture and commercialize the investigational drug for all potential indications except Primary Nocturnal Enuresis (pediatric bedwetting). In conjunction with the agreement, the Company agreed to make an upfront payment to Serenity of $43.0 million, which was paid in the second quarter of 2010. The terms of the agreement also include potential future development and regulatory milestone payments to Serenity of up to $122.0 million, as well as potential future sales milestone and royalty payments. Because the technology has not yet achieved regulatory approval, the Company recorded the upfront payment of $43.0 million as research and development (R&D) expense in the first quarter of 2010.

In December 2010, the Company and Serenity executed a letter agreement which specified certain terms and conditions governing additional development activities for a new Phase III trial which were not set forth in the original agreement. Under the letter agreement, the Company has agreed to share 50% of the cost of additional development activities. The execution of the letter agreement was a reconsideration event for the Company’s variable interest in the collaboration agreement with Serenity, and since the Company is providing a significant amount of the funding for the new Phase III trial, it determined that Serenity has become a VIE. However, the Company determined that it is not the primary beneficiary of the VIE because it does not possess the power to direct Serenity’s research and development activities, which are the activities that most significantly impact Serenity’s economic performance. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss is the upfront payment of $43.0 million made to Serenity and any future shared costs of additional development activities.

In March 2010, the Company and Bristol-Myers Squibb Company (Bristol-Myers Squibb) entered into an agreement for the development and commercialization of an investigational drug for neuropathic pain. Under the terms of the agreement, the Company granted to Bristol-Myers Squibb exclusive worldwide rights to develop, manufacture, and commercialize the investigational drug for neuropathic pain and backup compounds. In conjunction with the agreement, the Company agreed to receive a net upfront payment of $36.0 million, which was collected in the second quarter of 2010. The terms of the agreement also include potential future development and regulatory milestone payments to the Company of up to $373.0 million, as well as potential future royalty payments. The Company recorded the net upfront receipt of $36.0 million as other revenue in the first quarter of 2010.

 

F-15


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

In March 2010, the Company amended its existing license agreements with GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) to reacquire the distribution rights to Botox ® for all current and future cosmetic indications in Japan and China for $18.5 million, which was paid in the third quarter of 2010. The Company capitalized the value of these reacquired rights as an intangible asset in the first quarter of 2010.

In September 2010, the Company acquired from Vistakon Pharmaceuticals, LLC, Janssen Pharmaceutica N.V., Beerse and Johnson & Johnson Vision Care Inc. the global license to manufacture and commercialize alcaftadine 0.25%, a topical allergy medication for the prevention and treatment of itching associated with allergic conjunctivitis. In conjunction with the license agreement for this product that was approved in July 2010 for marketing in the United States under the brand name Lastacaft (alcaftadine ophthalmic solution), the Company agreed to make an upfront payment of $23.0 million, which was paid in the fourth quarter of 2010. The terms of the agreement also require the Company to make potential future regulatory milestone payments of up to $12.0 million, as well as future royalty payments. The Company capitalized $22.4 million of the upfront licensing payment as an intangible asset in the third quarter of 2010.

Note 3:    Restructuring Charges and Integration Costs

2009 Restructuring Plan

On February 4, 2009, the Company announced a restructuring plan that involved a workforce reduction of approximately 460 employees, primarily in the United States and Europe. The majority of the employees affected by the restructuring plan were U.S. urology sales and marketing personnel as a result of the Company’s decision to focus on the urology specialty and to seek a partner to promote Sanctura XR ® to general practitioners, and furthermore marketing personnel in the United States and Europe as the Company adjusted its back-office structures to a reduced short-term sales outlook for some businesses. The restructuring plan also included modest workforce reductions in other functions as the Company re-engineered its processes to increase efficiency and productivity.

As part of the restructuring plan, the Company modified the outstanding stock options issued in its February 2008 full-round employee stock option grant. The stock options were originally granted with an exercise price of $64.47 with a standard four year graded vesting term, a ten year contractual term, and standard 90 day expiration upon termination of employment provisions. These options were modified to be immediately vested in full and to remove the 90 day expiration upon termination of employment provision. Because the modified awards became fully vested and there was no future derived service period, all unamortized compensation expense related to the original grant and the additional compensation expense attributable to the modification of the awards was recognized in full on the modification date.

In addition, the contractual provisions of outstanding stock options, other than the February 2008 full-round employee stock option grant, held by employees impacted by the workforce reduction were modified to extend the stock option expiration dates. Under the original contractual provisions, outstanding stock options held by employees involved in a workforce reduction automatically become fully vested upon termination of employment and the stock options expire after the earlier of 90 days from termination of employment or the remaining stock option contractual term. Under the modified terms, stock options for the impacted employees will expire after the earlier of three years from termination of employment or the remaining contractual term. All unamortized compensation expense related to the original stock option awards plus the incremental compensation expense associated with the modifications was recognized ratably from the modification date to the employees’ expected termination date. The fair value of the modifications to all share-based awards was generally estimated using a lattice model. The total incremental pre-tax compensation expense associated with the modifications attributable to the 2009 restructuring plan was $11.0 million.

 

F-16


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

The Company began to record costs associated with the 2009 restructuring plan in the first quarter of 2009 and substantially completed all activities related to the restructuring plan in the second quarter of 2009. The restructuring charges primarily consist of employee severance and other one-time termination benefits. During 2009, the Company recorded pre-tax restructuring charges of $42.2 million and recognized a total of $78.6 million related to employee stock option modifications, consisting of $5.0 million of cost of sales, $52.6 million in SG&A expenses and $21.0 million in R&D expenses, and recognized $2.3 million of asset write-offs and accelerated depreciation costs in SG&A expenses.

Restructuring and Phased Closure of Arklow Facility

On January 30, 2008, the Company announced the phased closure of its breast implant manufacturing facility at Arklow, Ireland and the transfer of production to the Company’s manufacturing plant in Costa Rica. The Arklow facility was acquired by the Company in connection with its 2006 acquisition of Inamed Corporation (Inamed) and employed approximately 360 people. As of March 31, 2009, all production activities at the Arklow facility had ceased. Certain employee retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production in Arklow were capitalized to inventory as incurred and recognized as cost of sales in the periods the related products were sold.

The Company began to record costs associated with the closure of the Arklow manufacturing facility in the first quarter of 2008 and substantially completed all activities related to the restructuring and phased closure of the Arklow facility in the third quarter of 2009. As of December 31, 2009, the Company had recorded cumulative pre-tax restructuring charges of $35.6 million, cumulative costs for the rollout of capitalized employee termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production of $23.2 million and cumulative costs related to one-time termination benefits and asset impairments of $1.3 million. The restructuring charges primarily consist of employee severance, one-time termination benefits, contract termination costs and other costs related to the closure of the Arklow manufacturing facility. During 2010, the Company recorded a $0.3 million restructuring charge reversal. During 2009 and 2008, the Company recorded $8.4 million and $27.2 million of pre-tax restructuring charges, respectively. The Company did not incur any costs for the rollout of capitalized employee termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production during 2010. During 2009, the Company recognized $14.4 million of cost of sales for the rollout of capitalized employee retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production and $0.1 million of R&D expenses related to one-time termination benefits. During 2008, the Company recognized $8.8 million of cost of sales for the rollout of capitalized employee retention termination benefits and accelerated depreciation costs related to inventory production, $0.9 million of SG&A expenses and $0.3 million of R&D expenses related to one-time termination benefits and asset impairments.

Other Restructuring Activities and Integration Costs

Included in 2010 are $0.8 million of restructuring charges primarily for employee severance related to the Serica acquisition and a $0.2 million restructuring charge reversal for an abandoned leased facility related to the Company’s fiscal year 2005 restructuring and streamlining of its European operations.

Included in 2009 are a $0.3 million restructuring charge reversal related to the Company’s closure of its collagen manufacturing facility in Fremont, California, which was substantially completed in the fourth quarter of 2008, and $0.6 million of restructuring charges for an abandoned leased facility related to the Company’s fiscal year 2005 restructuring and streamlining of its European operations.

Included in 2008 are $3.4 million of restructuring charges related to the Company’s closure of its collagen manufacturing facility in Fremont, California, $4.0 million of restructuring charges for an abandoned leased

 

F-17


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

facility related to the Company’s fiscal year 2005 restructuring and streamlining of its European operations, $6.6 million of restructuring charges related to the Company’s 2007 acquisition of Groupe Cornéal Laboratoires (Cornéal) and $0.1 million of restructuring charges related to the Company’s 2007 acquisition of EndoArt SA (EndoArt).

Included in 2010 are $1.1 million of SG&A expenses related to integration and transaction costs associated with the purchase of the Company’s distributor’s business related to the Company’s products in Turkey, $0.4 million of SG&A expenses related to transaction costs associated with the license, development and commercialization agreement with Serenity and $0.5 million of SG&A expenses related to integration and transaction costs associated with the Serica acquisition. Included in 2009 are $0.4 million of SG&A expenses related to transaction costs associated with the Samil acquisition and $0.4 million of SG&A expenses related to integration costs associated with the Company’s 2007 acquisition of Cornéal. Included in 2008 are $0.1 million of cost of sales and $2.1 million of SG&A expenses related to integration costs associated with the Company’s 2007 acquisitions of Esprit Pharma Holding Company, Inc. (Esprit) and Cornéal.

Note 4:    Composition of Certain Financial Statement Captions 

 

2010 2010
     December 31,  
     2010      2009  
     (in millions)  

Trade receivables, net

     

Trade receivables

   $ 699.4       $ 627.6   

Less allowance for sales returns — medical device products

     23.1         20.7   

Less allowance for doubtful accounts

     29.0         30.3   
                 
   $ 647.3       $ 576.6   
                 

Inventories

     

Finished products

   $ 148.2       $ 137.9   

Work in process

     41.1         34.9   

Raw materials

     40.1         41.1   
                 
   $ 229.4       $ 213.9   
                 

Other current assets

     

Prepaid expenses

   $ 64.7       $ 71.2   

Deferred taxes

     277.7         252.9   

Other

     34.3         44.6   
                 
   $ 376.7       $ 368.7   
                 

Investments and other assets

     

Deferred executive compensation investments

   $ 64.9       $ 56.2   

Capitalized software

     75.3         87.3   

Prepaid pensions

     7.5         24.6   

Prepaid royalties

     8.5         10.0   

Interest rate swap fair value

     42.3         30.4   

Debt issuance costs

     10.0         7.5   

Non-marketable equity investments

     7.7         5.1   

Other

     45.2         45.6   
                 
   $ 261.4       $ 266.7   
                 

 

F-18


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

2010 2010
     December 31,  
     2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Property, plant and equipment, net

    

Land

   $ 58.9      $ 58.2   

Buildings

     773.6        737.8   

Machinery and equipment

     614.8        571.3   
                
     1,447.3        1,367.3   

Less accumulated depreciation

     646.7        559.2   
                
   $ 800.6      $ 808.1   
                

Other accrued expenses

    

Sales rebates and other incentive programs

   $ 186.5      $ 158.6   

Restructuring charges

     0.8        12.6   

Royalties

     34.6        33.8   

Accrued interest

     17.3        10.8   

Sales returns — specialty pharmaceutical products

     29.2        20.8   

Accrued legal settlement expenses

     15.2          

Product warranties — breast implant products

     6.7        6.7   

Other

     146.5        139.4   
                
   $ 436.8      $ 382.7   
                

Other liabilities

    

Postretirement benefit plan

   $ 56.5      $ 41.0   

Qualified and non-qualified pension plans

     152.1        117.7   

Deferred executive compensation

     68.9        59.8   

Deferred income

     87.8        95.0   

Contingent consideration

     41.3          

Product warranties — breast implant products

     23.4        22.7   

Unrecognized tax benefit liabilities

     15.9        23.2   

Other

     18.5        29.0   
                
   $ 464.4      $ 388.4   
                

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

    

Foreign currency translation adjustments

   $ 17.3      $ 21.3   

Deferred holding gains on derivative instruments, net of taxes of $2.8 million and $3.3 million for 2010 and 2009, respectively

     4.1        4.9   

Actuarial losses not yet recognized as a component of pension and postretirement benefit plan costs, net of taxes of $93.9 million and $76.9 million for 2010 and 2009, respectively

     (174.3     (129.0
                
   $ (152.9   $ (102.8
                

At December 31, 2010 and 2009, approximately $6.4 million and $5.6 million, respectively, of the Company’s finished goods inventories, primarily breast implants, were held on consignment at a large number of doctors’ offices, clinics and hospitals worldwide. The value and quantity at any one location are not significant. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, approximately $11.7 million and $7.0 million, respectively, of specific reserves for sales returns related to certain eye care pharmaceutical products genericized during 2010 and 2009 are included in accrued sales returns – specialty pharmaceutical products.

 

F-19


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 5:    Intangibles and Goodwill

Intangibles

At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the components of intangibles and certain other related information were as follows:

 

Amortization Amortization Amortization Amortization Amortization Amortization
    December 31, 2010     December 31, 2009  
    Gross
Amount
    Accumulated
Amortization
    Weighted
Average

Amortization
Period
    Gross
Amount
    Accumulated
Amortization
    Weighted
Average
Amortization
Period
 
    (in millions)     (in years)     (in millions)     (in years)  

Amortizable Intangible Assets:

           

Developed technology

  $ 1,129.6      $ (353.2     13.4      $ 1,396.4      $ (317.2     14.3   

Customer relationships

    42.3        (42.3     3.1        42.3        (42.0     3.1   

Licensing

    185.6        (116.7     9.3        224.7        (102.3     10.0   

Trademarks

    27.4        (24.2     6.3        27.5        (19.6     6.3   

Core technology

    189.6        (61.5     15.2        191.7        (49.5     15.2   

Other

    17.0        (1.9     9.1        5.6        (0.4     7.1   
                                   
    1,591.5        (599.8     12.7        1,888.2        (531.0     13.5   

Unamortizable Intangible Assets:

           

In-process research and development

    4.3                            
                                   
  $ 1,595.8      $ (599.8     $ 1,888.2      $ (531.0  
                                   

Developed technology consists primarily of current product offerings, primarily breast aesthetics products, obesity intervention products, dermal fillers, skin care products and eye care products acquired in connection with business combinations, asset acquisitions and initial licensing transactions for products previously approved for marketing. Customer relationship assets consist of the estimated value of relationships with customers acquired in connection with the Company’s 2006 Inamed acquisition, primarily in the breast implant market in the United States. Licensing assets consist primarily of capitalized payments to third party licensors related to the achievement of regulatory approvals to commercialize products in specified markets and up-front payments associated with royalty obligations for products that have achieved regulatory approval for marketing. Core technology consists of proprietary technology associated with silicone gel breast implants, gastric bands and intragastric balloon systems acquired in connection with the Inamed acquisition, dermal filler technology acquired in connection with the Company’s 2007 acquisition of Cornéal, gastric band technology acquired in connection with the Company’s 2007 acquisition of EndoArt, and a drug delivery technology acquired in connection with the Company’s 2003 acquisition of Oculex Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Other intangible assets consist primarily of acquired product registration rights, distributor relationships, government permits and non-compete agreements. The in-process research and development asset consists of a dermal filler technology that has not yet achieved regulatory approval acquired in connection with the Company’s 2010 acquisition of Serica.

In the third quarter of 2010, the Company concluded that the intangible assets and a related prepaid royalty asset associated with the Sanctura ® franchise (the Sanctura ® Assets), which the Company acquired in connection with its 2007 acquisition of Esprit and certain subsequent licensing and commercialization transactions, had become impaired. The Company determined that an impairment charge was required with respect to the Sanctura ® Assets because the estimated undiscounted future cash flows over their remaining useful life were not sufficient to recover the current carrying amount of the Sanctura ® Assets and the carrying amount exceeded the

 

F-20


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

estimated fair value of those assets due to a reduction in expected future financial performance for the Sanctura ® franchise resulting from lower than anticipated acceptance by patients, physicians and payors. As a result, in the third quarter of 2010, the Company recorded an aggregate charge of $369.1 million ($228.6 million after-tax) related to the impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets and related costs, which includes a pre-tax charge of $343.2 million for the impairment of the Sanctura ® intangible assets.

The decrease in developed technology at December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009 is primarily due to the impairment of the Sanctura ® intangible assets, partially offset by developed technology acquired in connection with the Serica acquisition and an upfront licensing payment for an eye care product previously approved for marketing. The decrease in licensing assets at December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009 is primarily due to the impairment of the Sanctura ® intangible assets, partially offset by a licensing payment for the reacquisition of Botox ® Cosmetic distribution rights in Japan and China. The increase in other intangible assets at December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009 is primarily due to the purchase of the Company’s distributor’s business related to the Company’s products in Turkey.

The following table provides amortization expense by major categories of acquired amortizable intangible assets for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively:

 

138.0 138.0 138.0
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions)  

Developed technology

   $ 97.4       $ 101.4       $ 98.7   

Customer relationships

     0.3         4.2         13.6   

Licensing

     22.1         23.2         20.9   

Trademarks

     4.4         4.4         4.8   

Core technology

     12.4         12.7         12.9   

Other

     1.4         0.4           
                          
   $ 138.0       $ 146.3       $ 150.9   
                          

Amortization expense related to acquired intangible assets generally benefits multiple business functions within the Company, such as the Company’s ability to sell, manufacture, research, market and distribute products, compounds and intellectual property. The amount of amortization expense excluded from cost of sales consists primarily of amounts amortized with respect to developed technology and licensing intangible assets.

Estimated amortization expense is $126.7 million for 2011, $121.6 million for 2012, $107.4 million for 2013, $102.4 million for 2014 and $97.3 million for 2015.

 

F-21


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Goodwill

Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by operating segment for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

Pharmaceuticals Pharmaceuticals Pharmaceuticals
     Specialty
Pharmaceuticals
    Medical
Devices
    Total  
           (in millions)        

Balance at December 31, 2008

   $ 49.2      $ 1,932.6      $ 1,981.8   

Samil acquisition

     23.0               23.0   

Esprit acquisition contractual purchase price adjustment

     (2.3            (2.3

Cornéal acquisition contractual purchase price adjustment

            (9.2     (9.2

Foreign exchange translation effects and other

     3.3        1.7        5.0   
                        

Balance at December 31, 2009

     73.2        1,925.1        1,998.3   

Purchase of distributor’s business in Turkey

     31.5               31.5   

Serica acquisition

            13.2        13.2   

Samil acquisition contractual purchase price adjustment

     1.7               1.7   

Foreign exchange translation effects and other

            (6.1     (6.1
                        

Balance at December 31, 2010

   $ 106.4      $ 1,932.2      $ 2,038.6   
                        

Note 6:    Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt

 

Decembern31, Decembern31, Decembern31, Decembern31,
     2010
Average
Effective
Interest

Rate
    December 31,
2010
     2009
Average
Effective
Interest

Rate
    December 31,
2009
 
           (in millions)            (in millions)  

Bank loans

     6.80%      $ 28.1         2.59%      $ 18.1   

Medium term notes; maturing 2012

     7.47%        25.0         7.47%        25.0   

Real estate mortgage; maturing 2017

     5.65%        20.0         5.65%        20.0   

Senior notes due 2016

     5.79%        798.8         5.79%        798.6   

Senior notes due 2020

     3.41%        648.1                  

Interest rate swap fair value adjustment

       42.3           30.4   
                     
       1,562.3           892.1   

Less current maturities

       28.1           18.1   
                     

Total long-term debt

     $ 1,534.2         $ 874.0   
                     

At December 31, 2010, the Company had a committed long-term credit facility, a commercial paper program, a medium-term note program, a shelf registration statement that allows the Company to issue additional securities, including debt securities, in one or more offerings from time to time, a real estate mortgage and various foreign bank facilities. The committed long-term credit facility expires in May 2012. The termination date can be further extended from time to time upon the Company’s request and acceptance by the issuer of the facility for a period of one year from the last scheduled termination date for each request accepted. The committed long-term credit facility allows for borrowings of up to $800.0 million. The commercial paper program also provides for up to $600.0 million in borrowings. Borrowings under the committed long-term credit facility and medium-term note program are subject to certain financial and operating covenants that include, among other provisions, maximum leverage ratios. Certain covenants also limit subsidiary debt. The Company

 

F-22


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

was in compliance with these covenants at December 31, 2010. As of December 31, 2010, the Company had no borrowings under its committed long-term credit facility, $25.0 million in borrowings outstanding under the medium-term note program, $20.0 million in borrowings outstanding under the real estate mortgage, $28.1 million in borrowings outstanding under various foreign bank facilities and no borrowings under the commercial paper program. Commercial paper, when outstanding, is issued at current short-term interest rates. Additionally, any future borrowings that are outstanding under the long-term credit facility will be subject to a floating interest rate. The Company may from time to time seek to retire or purchase its outstanding debt.

On September 14, 2010, the Company issued its 3.375% Senior Notes due 2020 (2020 Notes) in a registered offering for an aggregate principal amount of $650.0 million. The 2020 Notes, which were sold at 99.697% of par value with an effective interest rate of 3.41%, are unsecured and pay interest semi-annually on the principal amount of the notes at a rate of 3.375% per annum, and are redeemable at any time at the Company’s option, subject to a make-whole provision based on the present value of remaining interest payments at the time of the redemption. The aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2020 Notes will be due and payable on September 15, 2020, unless earlier redeemed by the Company. The original discount of approximately $2.0 million and the deferred debt issuance costs associated with the 2020 Notes are being amortized using the effective interest method over the stated term of 10 years.

On April 12, 2006, the Company completed concurrent private placements of $800.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 5.75% Senior Notes due 2016 (2016 Notes) and $750.0 million in aggregate principal amount of 1.50% Convertible Senior Notes due 2026 (2026 Convertible Notes). (See Note 7, “Convertible Notes,” for a description of the 2026 Convertible Notes.)

The 2016 Notes, which were sold at 99.717% of par value with an effective interest rate of 5.79%, are unsecured and pay interest semi-annually on the principal amount of the notes at a rate of 5.75% per annum, and are redeemable at any time at the Company’s option, subject to a make-whole provision based on the present value of remaining interest payments at the time of the redemption. The aggregate outstanding principal amount of the 2016 Notes will be due and payable on April 1, 2016, unless earlier redeemed by the Company. The original discount of approximately $2.3 million and the deferred debt issuance costs associated with the 2016 Notes are being amortized using the effective interest method over the stated term of 10 years.

On January 31, 2007, the Company entered into a nine-year, two-month interest rate swap with a $300.0 million notional amount with semi-annual settlements and quarterly interest rate reset dates. The swap receives interest at a fixed rate of 5.75% and pays interest at a variable interest rate equal to 3-month LIBOR plus 0.368%, and effectively converts $300.0 million of the 2016 Notes to a variable interest rate. Based on the structure of the hedging relationship, the hedge meets the criteria for using the short-cut method for a fair value hedge. The investment in the derivative and the related long-term debt are recorded at fair value. At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company recognized in its consolidated balance sheets an asset reported in “Investments and other assets” and a corresponding increase in “Long-term debt” associated with the fair value of the derivative of $42.3 million and $30.4 million, respectively. The differential to be paid or received as interest rates change is accrued and recognized as an adjustment of interest expense related to the 2016 Notes. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized $15.1 million, $14.3 million and $7.9 million, respectively, as a reduction of interest expense due to the differential to be received.

In February 2006, the Company entered into interest rate swap contracts based on 3-month LIBOR with an aggregate notional amount of $800.0 million, a swap period of 10 years and a starting swap rate of 5.198%. The Company entered into these swap contracts as a cash flow hedge to effectively fix the future interest rate for the 2016 Notes. In April 2006, the Company terminated the interest rate swap contracts and received approximately $13.0 million. The total gain was recorded to accumulated other comprehensive loss and is being amortized as a

 

F-23


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

reduction to interest expense over a 10 year period to match the term of the 2016 Notes. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized $1.3 million, respectively, as a reduction of interest expense due to the amortization of deferred holding gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges. These amounts were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss. As of December 31, 2010, the remaining unrecognized gain of $6.9 million ($4.1 million, net of tax) is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss. The Company expects to reclassify an estimated pre-tax amount of $1.3 million from accumulated other comprehensive loss as a reduction in interest expense during fiscal year 2011 due to the amortization of deferred holding gains on derivatives designated as cash flow hedges.

No portion of amounts recognized from contracts designated as cash flow hedges was considered to be ineffective during 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

The aggregate maturities of total debt obligations, excluding the interest rate swap fair value adjustment of $42.3 million, for each of the next five years and thereafter are as follows: $670.6 million in 2011; $25.0 million in 2012, zero in 2013, 2014 and 2015 and $1,466.9 million thereafter. Interest incurred of $0.5 million in 2010, $1.0 million in 2009 and $1.4 million in 2008 has been capitalized and included in property, plant and equipment.

Note 7:    Convertible Notes

In 2006, the Company issued the 2026 Convertible Notes for an aggregate principal amount of $750.0 million. The 2026 Convertible Notes are unsecured and pay interest semi-annually on the principal amount of the notes at a rate of 1.50% per annum. The 2026 Convertible Notes will be convertible into cash and, if applicable, shares of the Company’s common stock based on an initial conversion rate of 15.7904 shares of the Company’s common stock per $1,000 principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes if the Company’s stock price reaches certain specified thresholds. As of December 31, 2010, the conversion criteria had not been met. Based on the Company’s closing year-end stock price at December 31, 2010 of $68.67 per share, the conversion value of the 2026 Convertible Notes was $704.5 million. The Company is permitted to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes from and after April 5, 2009 to April 4, 2011 if the closing price of its common stock reaches a specified threshold, and will be permitted to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes at any time on or after April 5, 2011. Holders of the 2026 Convertible Notes will also be able to require the Company to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes on April 1, 2011, April 1, 2016 and April 1, 2021 or upon a change in control of the Company. The 2026 Convertible Notes mature on April 1, 2026, unless previously redeemed by the Company or earlier converted by the note holders. At December 31, 2010, the Company reported the 2026 Convertible Notes as a current liability due to the note holders’ ability to require the Company to redeem the 2026 Convertible Notes on April 1, 2011.

The Company separately measures and accounts for the liability and equity components of the 2026 Convertible Notes. As of December 31, 2010, the carrying value of the liability component is $642.5 million with an effective interest rate of 5.59%. The difference between the carrying value of the liability component and the principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes of $649.7 million is recorded as debt discount and is being amortized to interest expense through the first note holder put date in April 2011.

In the first quarter of 2009, the Company paid $98.3 million to repurchase $100.3 million principal amount of the 2026 Convertible Notes with a carrying value of $92.3 million and a calculated fair value of approximately $97.0 million. The Company recognized a $4.7 million loss on extinguishment of the convertible debt. In addition, the Company wrote off $0.6 million of related unamortized deferred debt issuance costs as loss on extinguishment of the convertible debt. The difference between the amount paid to repurchase the 2026 Convertible Notes and the calculated fair value of the liability component was recognized as a reduction to additional paid in capital, net of the effect of deferred taxes.

 

F-24


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 8:    Income Taxes

The components of earnings before income taxes were:

 

       Year Ended December 31,  
       2010        2009        2008  
       (in millions)  

U.S.

     $ 103.3         $ 394.3         $ 346.2   

Non-U.S.

       67.5           454.2           416.0   
                                

Total

     $ 170.8         $ 848.5         $ 762.2   
                                

The provision for income taxes consists of the following:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2010     2009     2008  
     (in millions)  

Current

  

U.S. federal

   $ 287.9      $ 234.7      $ 207.6   

U.S. state

     32.8        41.5        46.5   

Non-U.S.

     94.3        61.3        44.4   
                        

Total current

     415.0        337.5        298.5   
                        

Deferred

      

U.S. federal

     (244.2     (87.8     (86.8

U.S. state

     13.9        (17.7     (3.0

Non-U.S.

     (18.8     (7.3     (11.2
                        

Total deferred

     (249.1     (112.8     (101.0
                        

Total

   $ 165.9      $ 224.7      $ 197.5   
                        

The current provision for income taxes does not reflect the tax benefit of $27.1 million, $7.3 million and $11.1 million for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, related to excess tax benefits from share-based compensation recorded directly to “Additional paid-in capital” in the consolidated balance sheets.

The Company recorded total pre-tax charges of $609.2 million in 2010 related to the global settlement with the U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ). The charges were allocated between the United States and certain non-U.S. jurisdictions, in accordance with the Company’s established transfer pricing policies. The Company recorded a tax benefit of $21.4 million in the fourth quarter of 2010 in connection with the total fiscal year 2010 pre-tax charges of $609.2 million. (See Note 13, “Legal Proceedings.”)

The reconciliations of the U.S. federal statutory tax rate to the combined effective tax rate follow:

 

         2010             2009             2008      

Statutory rate of tax expense

     35.0     35.0     35.0

State taxes, net of U.S. tax benefit

     20.4        3.3        4.4   

Tax differential on foreign earnings

     28.4        (11.2     (14.4

Other credits (R&D)

     (15.9     (4.3     (3.7

Tax audit settlements/adjustments

     6.0        1.3        2.1   

Legal settlement

     18.8                 

Other

     4.4        2.4        2.5   
                        

Effective tax rate

     97.1     26.5     25.9
                        

 

F-25


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Withholding and U.S. taxes have not been provided on approximately $2,109.4 million of unremitted earnings of certain non-U.S. subsidiaries because the Company has currently reinvested these earnings indefinitely in such operations, or the U.S. taxes on such earnings will be offset by appropriate credits for foreign income taxes paid. Such earnings would become taxable upon the sale or liquidation of these non-U.S. subsidiaries or upon the remittance of dividends. It is not practicable to estimate the amount of the deferred tax liability on such unremitted earnings. Upon remittance, certain foreign countries impose withholding taxes that are then available, subject to certain limitations, for use as credits against the Company’s U.S. tax liability, if any.

The Company and its domestic subsidiaries file a consolidated U.S. federal income tax return. During the second quarter of 2010, the Company partially settled its federal income tax audit with the U.S. Internal Revenue Service (IRS) for tax years 2005 and 2006 which resulted in a total settlement amount of $33.5 million, all of which was paid in 2009 as an advanced payment. Additionally, the Company partially settled its federal income tax audit with the IRS for tax years 2003 to 2006 for the Company’s acquired subsidiary, Inamed, which resulted in a total settlement amount of $1.2 million.

The Company has disagreed with certain positions taken by the IRS in the partially settled audit cycles noted above and has entered into Appeals proceedings and Competent Authority negotiations with respect to those positions in order to seek resolution. The Company believes that it has provided adequate accruals for any tax deficiencies or reductions in tax benefits that could result.

The Company and its consolidated subsidiaries are currently under examination by the IRS for tax years 2007 and 2008. The Company believes the additional tax liability, if any, for such years, will not have a material effect on the financial position of the Company. In May 2010, the Company executed an Advance Pricing Agreement with the IRS for certain transfer pricing issues covering tax years 2007 through 2025.

At December 31, 2010, the Company has net operating loss carryforwards in certain non-U.S. subsidiaries, with various expiration dates, of approximately $61.4 million. The Company has U.S. net operating loss carryforwards of approximately $120.6 million which are subject to limitation under section 382 of the Internal Revenue Code. If not utilized, the U.S. federal net operating loss carryforwards will begin to expire in 2027.

The Company has a subsidiary in Costa Rica under a tax incentive grant, which provides that the Company will be exempt from local income tax until the current tax incentive grant expires at the end of 2015.

 

F-26


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Temporary differences and carryforwards/carrybacks which give rise to a significant portion of deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, 2010 and 2009 are as follows:

 

     2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Deferred tax assets

  

Net operating loss carryforwards/carrybacks

   $ 40.3      $ 66.4   

Accrued expenses

     103.3        89.5   

Capitalized expenses

     104.4        58.4   

Deferred compensation

     30.2        29.1   

Medicare, Medicaid and other accrued health care rebates

     48.6        39.7   

Postretirement medical benefits

     20.6        16.0   

Capitalized intangible assets

     83.3        54.4   

Deferred revenue

     13.1        14.2   

Inventory reserves and adjustments

     75.8        72.2   

Share-based compensation awards

     88.0        89.2   

Unbilled costs

     23.6        21.3   

Pension plans

     52.6        40.8   

All other

     50.2        35.4   
                
     734.0        626.6   

Less: valuation allowance

     (4.3     (4.6
                

Total deferred tax assets

     729.7        622.0   
                

Deferred tax liabilities

    

Depreciation

     15.0        13.1   

Developed and core technology intangible assets

     213.7        343.9   

All other

     5.5        13.5   
                

Total deferred tax liabilities

     234.2        370.5   
                

Net deferred tax assets

   $ 495.5      $ 251.5   
                

The balances of net current deferred tax assets and net non-current deferred tax assets at December 31, 2010 were $277.7 million and $217.8 million, respectively. The balances of net current deferred tax assets and net non-current deferred tax liabilities at December 31, 2009 were $252.9 million and $1.4 million, respectively. Net current deferred tax assets are included in “Other current assets” in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

In February 2009, the California Legislature enacted 2009-2010 budget legislation containing various California tax law changes including an election to apply a single sales factor apportionment formula for taxable years beginning on or after January 1, 2011. The Company anticipates making the election and as a result, all state and federal deferred tax assets and deferred tax liabilities have been redetermined accordingly. The impact of the adjustment was an increase to the provision for income taxes of approximately $1.5 million in 2009 and $5.0 million in 2010.

Based on the Company’s historical pre-tax earnings, management believes it is more likely than not that the Company will realize the benefit of the existing total deferred tax assets at December 31, 2010. Management believes the existing net deductible temporary differences will reverse during periods in which the Company generates net taxable income; however, there can be no assurance that the Company will generate any earnings or any specific level of continuing earnings in future years. Certain tax planning or other strategies could be implemented, if necessary, to supplement income from operations to fully realize recorded tax benefits.

 

F-27


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Disclosures for Uncertainty in Income Taxes

The Company classifies interest expense related to uncertainty in income taxes in the consolidated statements of earnings as interest expense. Income tax penalties are recorded in income tax expense, and are not material.

A tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized tax benefits at the beginning and end of 2010 and 2009 is as follows:

 

 

     2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 39.3      $ 47.5   

Gross increase as a result of positions taken in a prior year

     15.0        20.5   

Gross decrease as a result of positions taken in a prior year

     (13.4     (21.0

Gross increase as a result of positions taken in current year

     10.5        0.1   

Gross decrease as a result of positions taken in current year

     (4.3       

Decreases related to settlements

     (14.6     (7.8
                

Balance, end of year

   $ 32.5      $ 39.3   
                

The total amount of unrecognized tax benefits at December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 that, if recognized, would affect the effective tax rate is $27.5 million and $35.5 million, respectively.

The total amount of interest expense (income) related to uncertainty in income taxes recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of earnings is $(0.7) million and $5.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The total amount of accrued interest expense related to uncertainty in income taxes included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets is $8.1 million and $11.1 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The change to the accrued interest expense balance between December 31, 2010 and December 31, 2009 is primarily attributable to the partial settlement of income tax audits with the IRS and other changes to various unrecognized tax benefits.

The Company expects that during the next 12 months it is reasonably possible that unrecognized tax benefit liabilities related to various audit issues will decrease by approximately $8.0 million to $10.0 million primarily due to settlements of income tax audits, Appeals proceedings and Competent Authority negotiations.

The following tax years remain subject to examination:

 

Major Jurisdictions

   Open Years  

U.S. Federal

     2005 - 2009   

California

     2003 - 2009   

Brazil

     2005 - 2009   

Canada

     2003 - 2009   

France

     2007 - 2009   

Germany

     2006 - 2009   

Italy

     2006 - 2009   

Ireland

     2004 - 2009   

Spain

     2006 - 2009   

United Kingdom

     2007 - 2009   

 

F-28


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 9:    Employee Retirement and Other Benefit Plans

Pension and Postretirement Benefit Plans

The Company sponsors various qualified defined benefit pension plans covering a substantial portion of its employees. In addition, the Company sponsors two supplemental nonqualified plans covering certain management employees and officers. U.S. pension benefits are based on years of service and compensation during the five highest consecutive earnings years. Foreign pension benefits are based on various formulas that consider years of service, average or highest earnings during specified periods of employment and other criteria.

The Company also has one retiree health plan that covers U.S. retirees and dependents. Retiree contributions are required depending on the year of retirement and the number of years of service at the time of retirement. Disbursements exceed retiree contributions and the plan currently has no assets. The accounting for the retiree health care plan anticipates future cost-sharing changes to the written plan that are consistent with the Company’s past practice and management’s intent to manage plan costs. The Company’s history of retiree medical plan modifications indicates a consistent approach to increasing the cost sharing provisions of the plan.

Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans

The Company recognizes on its balance sheet an asset or liability equal to the over- or under-funded benefit obligation of each defined benefit pension and other postretirement plan. Actuarial gains or losses and prior service costs or credits that arise during the period but are not recognized as components of net periodic benefit cost are recognized, net of tax, as a component of other comprehensive income.

Included in accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2010 and 2009 are unrecognized actuarial losses of $254.6 million and $202.9 million, respectively, related to the Company’s pension plans. Of the December 31, 2010 amount, the Company expects to recognize approximately $17.3 million in net periodic benefit cost during 2011. Also included in accumulated other comprehensive loss at December 31, 2010 and 2009 are unrecognized prior service credits of $1.4 million and $1.7 million, respectively, and unrecognized actuarial losses of $15.0 million and $4.7 million, respectively, related to the Company’s retiree health plan. Of the December 31, 2010 amounts, the Company expects to recognize $0.3 million of the unrecognized prior service credits and $0.9 million of the unrecognized actuarial losses in net periodic benefit cost during 2011.

Components of net periodic benefit cost, change in projected benefit obligation, change in plan assets, funded status, funding policy, fair value of plan assets, assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost and estimated future benefit payments are summarized below for the Company’s U.S. and major non-U.S. pension plans and retiree health plan.

 

F-29


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Net Periodic Benefit Cost

Components of net periodic benefit cost for the years ended 2010, 2009 and 2008 were as follows:

 

$(00.00) $(00.00) $(00.00) $(00.00) $(00.00) $(00.00)
     Pension Benefits     Other
Postretirement Benefits
 
       2010         2009         2008         2010         2009         2008    
     (in millions)  

Service cost

   $ 20.2      $ 23.0      $ 24.8      $ 2.2      $ 1.6      $ 1.5   

Interest cost

     38.6        37.3        34.4        3.3        2.4        2.2   

Expected return on plan assets

     (46.0     (42.9     (41.9                     

Amortization of prior service costs (credits)

     0.1        0.1               (0.3     (0.3     (0.3

Recognized net actuarial losses

     10.2        12.6        6.5        1.1        0.1        0.1   
                                                

Net periodic benefit cost

   $   23.1      $   30.1      $   23.8      $   6.3      $   3.8      $   3.5   
                                                

Benefit Obligation, Change in Plan Assets and Funded Status

The table below presents components of the change in projected benefit obligation, change in plan assets and funded status at December 31, 2010 and 2009.

 

     Pension Benefits     Other
Postretirement
Benefits
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Change in Projected Benefit Obligation

  

Projected benefit obligation, beginning of year

   $ 655.2      $ 620.0      $ 42.1      $ 39.9   

Service cost

     20.2        23.0        2.2        1.6   

Interest cost

     38.6        37.3        3.3        2.4   

Participant contributions

     1.5        1.6                 

Actuarial losses (gains)

     81.2        (20.5     11.4        (0.3

Benefits paid

     (14.8     (13.2     (1.1     (1.5

Impact of foreign currency translation

     (7.9     7.0                 
                                

Projected benefit obligation, end of year

     774.0        655.2        57.9        42.1   
                                

Change in Plan Assets

        

Fair value of plan assets, beginning of year

     559.9        462.7                 

Actual return on plan assets

     67.7        89.6                 

Company contributions

     21.4        12.9        1.1        1.5   

Participant contributions

     1.5        1.6                 

Benefits paid

     (14.8     (13.2     (1.1     (1.5

Impact of foreign currency translation

     (8.5     6.3                 
                                

Fair value of plan assets, end of year

     627.2        559.9                 
                                

Funded status of plans

   $ (146.8   $ (95.3   $ (57.9   $ (42.1
                                

 

F-30


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Net accrued benefit costs for pension plans and other postretirement benefits are reported in the following components of the Company’s consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2010 and 2009:

 

     Pension Benefits     Other
Postretirement
Benefits
 
     2010     2009     2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Investments and other assets

   $ 7.5      $ 24.6      $      $   

Accrued compensation

     (2.2     (2.2     (1.4     (1.1

Other liabilities

     (152.1     (117.7     (56.5     (41.0
                                

Net accrued benefit costs

   $ (146.8   $ (95.3   $ (57.9   $ (42.1
                                

The accumulated benefit obligation for the Company’s U.S. and major non-U.S. pension plans was $706.0 million and $590.2 million at December 31, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for pension plans with a projected benefit obligation in excess of plan assets and pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of the fair value of plan assets at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

     Projected Benefit
Obligation
Exceeds
the Fair Value of
Plan Assets
     Accumulated
Benefit
Obligation
Exceeds the Fair

Value of
Plan Assets
 
     2010      2009      2010      2009  
     (in millions)  

Projected benefit obligation

   $ 658.6       $ 568.4       $ 658.6       $ 568.4   

Accumulated benefit obligation

     604.5         513.4         604.5         513.4   

Fair value of plan assets

     504.3         448.5         504.3         448.5   

The Company’s funding policy for its funded pension plans is based upon the greater of: (i) annual service cost, administrative expenses and a seven year amortization of any funded deficit or surplus relative to the projected pension benefit obligations or (ii) local statutory requirements. The Company’s funding policy is subject to certain statutory regulations with respect to annual minimum and maximum company contributions. Plan benefits for the nonqualified plans are paid as they come due. In 2011, the Company expects to pay contributions of between $35.0 million and $45.0 million for its U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans and between $1.0 million and $2.0 million for its other postretirement plan (unaudited).

 

F-31


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Fair Value of Plan Assets

The Company measures the fair value of plan assets based on the prices that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy described in Note 12, “Fair Value Measurements.”

The table below presents total plan assets by investment category as of December 31, 2010 and the classification of each investment category within the fair value hierarchy with respect to the inputs used to measure fair value:

 

     Total      Level 1      Level 2      Level 3  
     (in millions)  

Cash and Equivalents

   $ 5.3       $ 5.3       $       $   

Equity Securities

           

U.S. large-cap growth

     44.8         44.8                   

U.S mid-cap growth

     19.3         19.3                   

U.S. small-cap growth

     20.2         20.2                   

U.S. large-cap index

     34.1         34.1                   

U.S. large-cap value

     40.1         40.1                   

International equities

     170.5         170.5                   

Fixed Income Securities

           

U.S. Treasury bonds

     33.3                 33.3           

Global corporate bonds

     176.4                 176.4           

International bond funds

     58.1         58.1                   

Global corporate bond funds

     7.4         7.4                   

International government bond funds

     17.7         17.7                   
                                   
   $ 627.2       $ 417.5       $ 209.7       $   —   
                                   

The Company’s target asset allocation for both its U.S. and non-U.S. pension plans’ assets is 50% equity securities and 50% fixed income securities. Risk tolerance on invested pension plan assets is established through careful consideration of plan liabilities, plan funded status and corporate financial condition. Investment risk is measured and monitored on an ongoing basis through annual liability measures, periodic asset/liability studies and quarterly investment portfolio reviews.

 

F-32


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Assumptions

The weighted-average assumptions used to determine net periodic benefit cost and projected benefit obligation were as follows:

 

     Pension Benefits     Other
Postretirement Benefits
 
     2010     2009     2008     2010     2009     2008  

For Determining Net Periodic Benefit Cost

            

U.S. Plans:

            

Discount rate

     6.04     6.19     6.25     6.09     6.05     6.25

Expected return on plan assets

     8.25     8.25     8.25                     

Rate of compensation increase

     4.25     4.25     4.25                     

Non-U.S. Pension Plans:

            

Discount rate

     6.16     5.71     5.50      

Expected return on plan assets

     5.85     6.03     6.82      

Rate of compensation increase

     3.25     4.01     4.13      

For Determining Projected Benefit Obligation

            

U.S. Plans:

            

Discount rate

     5.51     6.04       5.56     6.09  

Rate of compensation increase

     4.00     4.25                  

Non-U.S. Pension Plans:

            

Discount rate

     5.57     6.16        

Rate of compensation increase

     3.10     3.25        

Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported as other postretirement benefits. A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates would have the following effects:

 

     1-Percentage-
Point Increase
     1-Percentage-
Point Decrease
 
     (in millions)  

Effect on total service and interest cost components

   $ 1.1       $ (0.8

Effect on postretirement benefit obligation

     10.9         (8.6

The assumed annual health care cost trend rate for the retiree health plan is 7.5% for 2011, gradually decreasing to 5% in 2016 and remaining at that level thereafter.

For the U.S. qualified pension plan, the expected return on plan assets was determined using a building block approach that considers diversification and rebalancing for a long-term portfolio of invested assets. Historical market returns are studied and long-term historical relationships between equities and fixed income are preserved in a manner consistent with the widely-accepted capital market principle that assets with higher volatility generate a greater return over the long run. Current market factors such as inflation and interest rates are also evaluated before long-term capital market assumptions are determined. The Company’s U.S. pension plan assets are managed by outside investment managers using a total return investment approach whereby a mix of equities and debt securities investments are used to maximize the long-term rate of return on plan assets. The intent of this strategy is to minimize plan expenses by outperforming plan liabilities over the long run. The Company’s overall expected long-term rate of return on assets for 2011 is 7.25% for its U.S. funded pension plan.

 

F-33


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

For non-U.S. funded pension plans, the expected rate of return was determined based on asset distribution and assumed long-term rates of returns on fixed income instruments and equities. The Company’s non-U.S. pension plans’ assets are also managed by outside investment managers using a total return investment approach using a mix of equities and debt securities investments to maximize the long-term rate of return on the plans’ assets. The Company’s overall expected long-term rate of return on assets for 2011 is 5.70% for its non-U.S. funded pension plans.

Estimated Future Benefit Payments

Estimated benefit payments over the next 10 years for the Company’s U.S. and major non-U.S. pension plans and retiree health plan are as follows:

 

 

Postretirement Postretirement
     Pension
Benefits
     Other
Postretirement
Benefits
 
     (in millions)  

2011

   $ 19.6       $ 1.4   

2012

     21.4         1.6   

2013

     23.7         1.8   

2014

     26.0         2.0   

2015

     28.8         2.3   

2016 – 2020

     196.1         16.4   
                 
   $ 315.6       $ 25.5   
                 

Savings and Investment Plan

The Company has a Savings and Investment Plan, which allows all U.S. employees to become participants upon employment. In 2010, 2009 and 2008, participants’ contributions, up to 4% of compensation, generally qualified for a 100% Company match. Effective February 13, 2009, the Company reduced the 100% Company match to up to 2% of compensation. Effective January 1, 2010, the Company increased the 100% Company match to up to 3% of compensation. Effective August 13, 2010, the Company increased the 100% Company match to up to 4% of compensation. Company contributions are used to purchase various investment funds at the participants’ discretion. The Company’s cost of the plan was $17.5 million, $8.1 million and $16.9 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

In addition, the Company has a Company sponsored retirement contribution program under the Savings and Investment Plan, which provides all U.S. employees hired after September 30, 2002 with at least six months of service and certain other employees who previously elected to participate in the Company sponsored retirement contribution program under the Savings and Investment Plan, a Company provided retirement contribution of 5% of annual pay if they are employed on the last day of each calendar year. Participating employees who receive the 5% Company retirement contribution do not accrue benefits under the Company’s defined benefit pension plan. The Company’s cost of the retirement contribution program under the Savings and Investment Plan was $18.9 million, $16.9 million and $17.7 million in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

 

F-34


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 10:    Employee Stock Plans

The Company has an incentive award plan that provides for the granting of non-qualified stock options, incentive stock options, stock appreciation rights, performance shares, restricted stock and restricted stock units to officers, key employees and non-employee directors.

Stock option grants to officers and key employees under the incentive award plan are generally granted at an exercise price equal to the fair market value at the date of grant, generally expire ten years after their original date of grant and generally become vested and exercisable at a rate of 25% per year beginning twelve months after the date of grant. Restricted share awards to officers and key employees generally become fully vested and free of restrictions four years from the date of grant, except for restricted stock grants pursuant to the Company’s management bonus plan, which generally become fully vested and free of restrictions two years from the date of grant.

Non-qualified stock options to non-employee directors become fully vested and exercisable one year from the date of grant. Restricted share awards to non-employee directors generally vest and become free of restrictions at the rate of 33  1 / 3 % per year beginning twelve months after the date of grant.

At December 31, 2010, the aggregate number of shares available for future grant under the incentive award plan for stock options and restricted share awards was approximately 9.1 million shares.

Share-Based Award Activity and Balances

The following table summarizes the Company’s stock option activity:

 

Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted
     2010      2009      2008  
     Number
of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Number
of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
     Number
of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
     (in thousands, except option exercise price and fair value data)  

Outstanding, beginning of year

     24,897      $ 47.99         21,238      $ 48.96         18,695      $ 44.50   

Options granted

     5,084        59.54         5,790        40.73         4,643        63.33   

Options exercised

     (5,383     43.12         (1,835     35.68         (1,511     34.35   

Options cancelled

     (742     49.70         (296     52.01         (589     57.41   
                                

Outstanding, end of year

     23,856        51.50         24,897        47.99         21,238        48.96   
                                

Exercisable, end of year

     14,485        51.30         16,628        48.98         11,481        40.90   
                                
Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted Weighted

Weighted average per share fair
value of options granted
during the year

   $18.86         $15.44         $19.82     
                             

The aggregate intrinsic value of stock options exercised in 2010, 2009 and 2008 was $135.0 million, $35.9 million and $39.2 million, respectively.

As of December 31, 2010, the weighted average remaining contractual life of options outstanding and options exercisable are 6.6 years and 5.4 years, respectively, and based on the Company’s closing year-end stock price of $68.67 at December 31, 2010, the aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and options exercisable are $409.7 million and $251.6 million, respectively. Upon exercise of stock options, the Company generally issues shares from treasury.

 

F-35


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

The following table summarizes the Company’s restricted share activity:

 

     2010      2009      2008  
     Number
of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
     Number
of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
     Number
of
Shares
    Weighted
Average
Grant-Date
Fair Value
 
     (in thousands, except fair value data)  

Restricted share awards, beginning of year

     814      $ 48.99         678      $ 52.12         559      $ 49.56   

Shares granted

     352        60.53         455        42.95         362        57.38   

Shares vested

     (212     58.97         (304     46.49         (210     53.71   

Shares cancelled

     (68     48.70         (15     58.96         (33     56.34   
                                

Restricted share awards, end of year

     886        51.20         814        48.99         678        52.12   
                                

The total fair value of restricted shares that vested was $12.8 million in 2010, and $12.7 million in 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Valuation and Expense Recognition of Share-Based Awards

The Company accounts for the measurement and recognition of compensation expense for all share-based awards made to the Company’s employees and directors based on the estimated fair value of the awards.

The following table summarizes share-based compensation expense by award type for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively:

 

     2010     2009     2008  
     (in millions)  

Employee and director stock options

   $ 56.9      $ 131.2      $ 62.2   

Employee and director restricted share awards

     12.5        12.1        11.0   

Stock contributed to employee benefit plans

     4.5        8.6        19.9   
                        

Pre-tax share-based compensation expense

     73.9        151.9        93.1   

Income tax benefit

     (23.2     (50.9     (31.8
                        

Net share-based compensation expense

   $ 50.7      $ 101.0      $ 61.3   
                        

The following table summarizes pre-tax share-based compensation expense by expense category for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively:

 

$151.9 $151.9 $151.9
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions)  

Cost of sales

   $ 7.6       $ 12.1       $ 8.9   

Selling, general and administrative

     49.7         101.6         61.4   

Research and development

     16.6         38.2         22.8   
                          

Pre-tax share-based compensation expense

   $ 73.9       $ 151.9       $ 93.1   
                          

Share-based compensation expense for 2009 includes $78.6 million of pre-tax compensation expense from stock option modifications related to the 2009 restructuring plan, including incremental pre-tax compensation

 

F-36


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

expense of $11.0 million due to the change in fair value from the modifications, consisting of $5.0 million of cost of sales, $52.6 million in SG&A expenses and $21.0 million in R&D expenses.

The Company uses the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of share-based awards on the original grant date. The determination of fair value using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model is affected by the Company’s stock price as well as assumptions regarding a number of complex and subjective variables, including expected stock price volatility, risk-free interest rate, expected dividends and projected employee stock option exercise behaviors. Stock options granted during 2010, 2009 and 2008 were valued using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted-average assumptions:

 

39.82 39.82 39.82
     2010     2009     2008  

Expected volatility

     29.10     39.82     26.89

Risk-free interest rate

     2.73     1.64     3.49

Expected dividend yield

     0.37     0.40     0.40

Expected option life (in years)

     5.79        5.71        5.71   

The Company estimates its stock price volatility based on an equal weighting of the Company’s historical stock price volatility and the average implied volatility of at-the-money options traded in the open market. The risk-free interest rate assumption is based on observed interest rates for the appropriate term of the Company’s stock options. The Company does not target a specific dividend yield for its dividend payments but is required to assume a dividend yield as an input to the Black-Scholes option-pricing model. The dividend yield assumption is based on the Company’s history and an expectation of future dividend amounts. The expected option life assumption is estimated based on actual historical exercise activity and assumptions regarding future exercise activity of unexercised, outstanding options.

The Company recognizes shared-based compensation cost over the vesting period using the straight-line single option method. Share-based compensation expense is recognized only for those awards that are ultimately expected to vest. An estimated forfeiture rate has been applied to unvested awards for the purpose of calculating compensation cost. Forfeitures were estimated based on historical experience. These estimates are revised, if necessary, in future periods if actual forfeitures differ from the estimates. Changes in forfeiture estimates impact compensation cost in the period in which the change in estimate occurs.

As of December 31, 2010, total compensation cost related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock not yet recognized was approximately $135.5 million, which is expected to be recognized over the next 48 months (32 months on a weighted-average basis). The Company has not capitalized as part of inventory any share-based compensation costs because such costs were negligible as of December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008.

Note 11:    Financial Instruments

In the normal course of business, operations of the Company are exposed to risks associated with fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. The Company addresses these risks through controlled risk management that includes the use of derivative financial instruments to economically hedge or reduce these exposures. The Company does not enter into derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

The Company has not experienced any losses to date on its derivative financial instruments due to counterparty credit risk.

To ensure the adequacy and effectiveness of its interest rate and foreign exchange hedge positions, the Company continually monitors its interest rate swap positions and foreign exchange forward and option positions

 

F-37


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

both on a stand-alone basis and in conjunction with its underlying interest rate and foreign currency exposures, from an accounting and economic perspective.

However, given the inherent limitations of forecasting and the anticipatory nature of the exposures intended to be hedged, the Company cannot assure that such programs will offset more than a portion of the adverse financial impact resulting from unfavorable movements in either interest or foreign exchange rates. In addition, the timing of the accounting for recognition of gains and losses related to mark-to-market instruments for any given period may not coincide with the timing of gains and losses related to the underlying economic exposures and, therefore, may adversely affect the Company’s consolidated operating results and financial position.

Interest Rate Risk Management

The Company’s interest income and expense is more sensitive to fluctuations in the general level of U.S. interest rates than to changes in rates in other markets. Changes in U.S. interest rates affect the interest earned on cash and equivalents and short-term investments and interest expense on debt, as well as costs associated with foreign currency contracts. For a discussion of the Company’s interest rate swap activities, see Note 6, “Notes Payable and Long-Term Debt.”

Foreign Exchange Risk Management

Overall, the Company is a net recipient of currencies other than the U.S. dollar and, as such, benefits from a weaker dollar and is adversely affected by a stronger dollar relative to major currencies worldwide. Accordingly, changes in exchange rates, and in particular a strengthening of the U.S. dollar, may negatively affect the Company’s consolidated revenues or operating costs and expenses as expressed in U.S. dollars.

From time to time, the Company enters into foreign currency option and forward contracts to reduce earnings and cash flow volatility associated with foreign exchange rate changes to allow management to focus its attention on its core business issues. Accordingly, the Company enters into various contracts which change in value as foreign exchange rates change to economically offset the effect of changes in the value of foreign currency assets and liabilities, commitments and anticipated foreign currency denominated sales and operating expenses. The Company enters into foreign currency option and forward contracts in amounts between minimum and maximum anticipated foreign exchange exposures, generally for periods not to exceed 18 months. The Company does not designate these derivative instruments as accounting hedges.

The Company uses foreign currency option contracts, which provide for the sale or purchase of foreign currencies to offset foreign currency exposures expected to arise in the normal course of the Company’s business. While these instruments are subject to fluctuations in value, such fluctuations are anticipated to offset changes in the value of the underlying exposures.

Probable but not firmly committed transactions are comprised of sales of products and purchases of raw material in currencies other than the U.S. dollar. A majority of these sales are made through the Company’s subsidiaries in Europe, Asia Pacific, Canada and Brazil. The Company purchases foreign exchange option contracts to economically hedge the currency exchange risks associated with these probable but not firmly committed transactions. The duration of foreign exchange hedging instruments, whether for firmly committed transactions or for probable but not firmly committed transactions, generally does not exceed 18 months.

All of the Company’s outstanding foreign currency option contracts are entered into to reduce the volatility of earnings generated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily earnings denominated in the Canadian

 

F-38


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

dollar, Mexican peso, Australian dollar, Brazilian real, euro, Korean won and Turkish lira. Current changes in the fair value of open foreign currency option contracts and any realized gains (losses) on settled contracts are recorded through earnings as “Other, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized realized gains on settled foreign currency option contracts of $15.1 million, $10.6 million and $10.6 million, respectively, and net unrealized (losses) gains on open foreign currency option contracts of $(7.6) million, $(13.6) million and $14.8 million, respectively. The premium costs of purchased foreign exchange option contracts are recorded in “Other current assets” and amortized to “Other, net” over the life of the options.

All of the Company’s outstanding foreign exchange forward contracts are entered into to offset the change in value of certain intercompany receivables or payables that are subject to fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. The realized and unrealized gains and losses from foreign currency forward contracts and the revaluation of the foreign denominated intercompany receivables or payables are recorded through “Other, net” in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings. During 2010, 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized total realized and unrealized gains (losses) from foreign exchange forward contracts of $1.1 million, $(11.0) million and $19.1 million, respectively.

The fair value of outstanding foreign exchange option and forward contracts, collectively referred to as foreign currency derivative financial instruments, are recorded in “Other current assets” and “Accounts payable.” At December 31, 2010 and 2009, foreign currency derivative assets associated with the foreign exchange option contracts of $10.4 million and $14.0 million, respectively, were included in “Other current assets.” At December 31, 2010, net foreign currency derivative liabilities associated with the foreign exchange forward contracts of $0.7 million were included in “Accounts payable.” At December 31, 2009, net foreign currency derivative assets associated with the foreign exchange forward contracts of $1.0 million were included in “Other current assets.”

At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the notional principal and fair value of the Company’s outstanding foreign currency derivative financial instruments were as follows:

 

$346.4 $346.4 $346.4 $346.4
     2010     2009  
     Notional
Principal
     Fair
Value
    Notional
Principal
     Fair
Value
 
     (in millions)  

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts
(Receive U.S. dollar/pay foreign currency)

   $ 25.6       $ (0.9   $ 86.7       $   0.8   

Foreign currency forward exchange contracts
(Pay U.S. dollar/receive foreign currency)

     39.9         0.2        47.9         0.2   

Foreign currency sold — put options

     346.4         10.4        296.2         14.0   

The notional principal amounts provide one measure of the transaction volume outstanding as of December 31, 2010 and 2009, and do not represent the amount of the Company’s exposure to market loss. The estimates of fair value are based on applicable and commonly used pricing models using prevailing financial market information as of December 31, 2010 and 2009. The amounts ultimately realized upon settlement of these financial instruments, together with the gains and losses on the underlying exposures, will depend on actual market conditions during the remaining life of the instruments.

Other Financial Instruments

At December 31, 2010 and 2009, the Company’s other financial instruments included cash and equivalents, short-term investments, trade receivables, equity investments, accounts payable and borrowings. The carrying

 

F-39


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

amount of cash and equivalents, short-term investments, trade receivables and accounts payable approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. The fair value of non-marketable equity investments which represent investments in start-up technology companies or partnerships that invest in start-up technology companies, are estimated based on the fair value and other information provided by these ventures. The fair value of notes payable, convertible notes and long-term debt are estimated based on quoted market prices and interest rates.

The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company’s other financial instruments at December 31, 2010 and 2009 were as follows:

 

$1,991.2 $1,991.2 $1,991.2 $1,991.2
     2010      2009  
     Carrying
Amount
     Fair
Value
     Carrying
Amount
     Fair
Value
 
     (in millions)  

Cash and equivalents

   $ 1,991.2       $ 1,991.2       $ 1,947.1       $ 1,947.1   

Short-term investments

     749.1         749.1                   

Non-current non-marketable equity investments

     7.7         7.7         5.1         5.1   

Notes payable

     28.1         28.1         18.1         18.1   

Convertible notes

     642.5         651.1         617.3         651.4   

Long-term debt

     1,534.2         1,612.3         874.0         926.3   

In July 2009, the Company sold a non-marketable equity investment in connection with a third-party tender offer for the business underlying the equity investment and recognized a $25.3 million pre-tax gain. During 2009 and 2008, the Company recognized unrealized pre-tax holding gains (losses) related to changes in the fair value of marketable equity investments of $2.9 million and $(5.8) million, respectively, as a component of “Other comprehensive income (loss).” The Company sold all of its marketable equity investments in the third quarter of 2009 and recognized a pre-tax loss of $0.7 million.

Concentration of Credit Risk

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk principally consist of trade receivables. Wholesale distributors, major retail chains and managed care organizations account for a substantial portion of trade receivables. This risk is limited due to the number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base, and their geographic dispersion. At December 31, 2010, no single customer represented more than 10% of trade receivables, net. Ongoing credit evaluations of customers’ financial condition are performed and, generally, no collateral is required. The Company has purchased an insurance policy intended to reduce the Company’s exposure to potential credit risks associated with certain U.S. customers. To date, no claims have been made against the insurance policy. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses and such losses, in the aggregate, have not exceeded management’s estimates.

Note 12:    Fair Value Measurements

The Company measures fair value based on the prices that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. Fair value measurements are based on a three-tier hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value. These tiers include: Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs for which little or no market data exists, therefore requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions.

 

F-40


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

As of December 31, 2010, the Company has certain assets and liabilities that are required to be measured at fair value on a recurring basis. These include cash equivalents, short-term investments, foreign exchange derivatives, the $300.0 million notional amount interest rate swap and contingent consideration. These assets and liabilities are classified in the table below in one of the three categories of the fair value hierarchy described above.

 

$1,716.0 $1,716.0 $1,716.0 $1,716.0
     Total      Level 1      Level 2      Level 3  
     (in millions)  

Assets

           

Commercial paper

   $ 1,716.0       $       $ 1,716.0       $   

Foreign time deposits

     209.6                 209.6           

Other cash equivalents

     707.0                 707.0           

Foreign exchange derivative assets

     10.4                 10.4           

Interest rate swap derivative asset

     42.3                 42.3           
                                   
   $ 2,685.3       $       $ 2,685.3       $   
                                   

Liabilities

           

Foreign exchange derivative liabilities

   $ 0.7       $       $ 0.7       $   

Interest rate swap derivative liability

     42.3                 42.3           

Contingent consideration liability

     44.5                         44.5   
                                   
   $ 87.5       $   —       $ 43.0       $ 44.5   
                                   

Cash equivalents consist of commercial paper, foreign time deposits and other cash equivalents. Short-term investments consist of commercial paper. Cash equivalents and short-term investments are valued at cost, which approximates fair value due to the short-term maturities of these instruments. Beginning in the second quarter of 2010, the Company began to classify cash equivalents in Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy instead of Level 1 in order to be consistent with industry practice. Foreign currency derivative assets and liabilities are valued using quoted forward foreign exchange prices and option volatility at the reporting date. The interest rate swap derivative asset and liability are valued using LIBOR yield curves at the reporting date. The Company believes the fair values assigned to its derivative instruments as of December 31, 2010 are based upon reasonable estimates and assumptions.

The contingent consideration liability represents future amounts the Company will be required to pay in conjunction with the 2010 purchase of commercial assets from a distributor in Turkey that was accounted for as a business combination. The ultimate amount of future payments is based on specified percentages of the Company’s revenues in Turkey over the next five years. The Company estimates the fair value of the contingent liability using the income approach, which involves forecasting estimated future net cash flows and discounting the net cash flows to their present value using a risk-adjusted rate of return. As of the acquisition date, the fair value of the liability was estimated to be $36.7 million. The currently estimated fair value of the contingent consideration as of December 31, 2010 is $44.5 million. During 2010, the Company recognized $7.9 million of expense related to the change in the estimated fair value of the contingent consideration liability, which is included in SG&A expenses.

 

F-41


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 13:    Legal Proceedings

The Company is involved in various lawsuits and claims arising in the ordinary course of business.

Clayworth v. Allergan, et al.

In August 2004, James Clayworth, R.Ph., doing business as Clayworth Pharmacy, filed a complaint entitled “Clayworth v. Allergan, et al .” in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Alameda. The complaint, as amended, named the Company and 12 other defendants and alleged unfair business practices, including a price fixing conspiracy relating to the reimportation of pharmaceuticals from Canada. The complaint sought damages, equitable relief, attorneys’ fees and costs. In January 2007, the superior court entered a notice of entry of judgment of dismissal against the plaintiffs, dismissing the plaintiffs’ complaint. On the same date, the plaintiffs filed a notice of appeal with the Court of Appeal of the State of California. In April 2007, the plaintiffs filed an opening brief with the court of appeal. The defendants filed their joint opposition in July 2007, and the plaintiffs filed their reply in August 2007. In May 2008, the court of appeal heard oral arguments and took the matter under submission. In July 2008, the court of appeal affirmed the superior court’s ruling, granting the Company’s motion for summary judgment. In August 2008, the plaintiffs filed a petition for rehearing with the court of appeal, which the court denied. In September 2008, the plaintiffs filed a petition for review with the Supreme Court of the State of California, which the supreme court granted in November 2008. In February 2009, the plaintiffs filed their opening brief on the merits with the supreme court and defendants filed their answer brief in May 2009. In June 2009, the plaintiffs filed their reply brief on the merits with the supreme court. In May 2010, the supreme court heard oral arguments. In July 2010, the supreme court reversed the court of appeal’s judgment and remanded the case to the superior court for further proceedings. In October 2010, plaintiffs filed a challenge to the assignment of this matter to the presiding judge alleging a conflict of interest. In November 2010, plaintiffs’ challenge was denied. In December 2010, plaintiffs filed a petition for writ of mandate in the Court of Appeal of the State of California seeking to overturn the order denying their challenge. In December 2010, the court of appeal denied the petition. In December 2010, plaintiffs filed a petition for review with the Supreme Court of the State of California. In January 2011, the court set trial for August 1, 2011. In February 2011, the supreme court denied plaintiffs’ petition for review.

Kramer et al. v. Allergan, Inc.

In July 2008, a complaint entitled “Kramer, Bryant, Spears, Doolittle, Clark, Whidden, Powell, Moore, Hennessey, Sody, Breeding, Downey, Underwood-Boswell, Reed-Momot, Purdon & Hahn v. Allergan, Inc.” was filed in the Superior Court for the State of California for the County of Orange. The complaint makes allegations against the Company relating to Botox ® and Botox ® Cosmetic including failure to warn, manufacturing defects, negligence, breach of implied and express warranties, deceit by concealment and negligent misrepresentation and seeks damages, attorneys’ fees and costs. In 2009, the plaintiffs Hennessey, Hahn, Underwood-Boswell, Purdon, Moore, Clark, Reed-Momot and Whidden were dismissed without prejudice. In October 2009, the Company filed a motion for summary judgment against plaintiff Spears, which the court denied in December 2009. The trial related to plaintiff Spears began in January 2010. In March 2010, the jury returned a verdict in the Company’s favor and the court entered a judgment on the special verdict. In April 2010, plaintiff Spears filed a motion for a new trial which the court denied in May 2010. In June 2010, the Company and plaintiff Spears entered into a settlement agreement under which the Company agreed to waive costs in exchange for plaintiff Spears agreeing not to appeal the judgment. In September 2010, the trial related to plaintiff Bryant began and the Company subsequently entered into a settlement agreement with plaintiff Bryant. In January 2011, the court set the next trial for September 6, 2011.

 

F-42


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Government Investigations

In September 2009, the Company received service of process of an Investigative Demand from the Department of Justice for the State of Oregon. The Investigative Demand requests the production of documents relating to the Company’s sales and marketing practices in connection with Aczone ® . In December 2009, the Company produced documents in response to the Investigative Demand.

In June 2010, the Company received service of process of a Subpoena from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The subpoena requests the production of documents relating to the Company’s affiliation with Acadia Pharmaceuticals, Inc., or Acadia, and the Company’s sale of Acadia securities. In September 2010, the Company produced documents responsive to the Subpoena. In January 2011, the SEC issued additional Subpoenas seeking further information, which was provided in February 2011.

In December 2010, the Company received service of process of a Subpoena Duces Tecum from the State of New York, Office of the Medicaid Inspector General. The subpoena requests the production of documents relating to the Company’s Eye Care Business Advisor Group, Allergan Access, and BSM Connect for Ophthalmology.

In February 2011, the Company received service of process of a Civil Investigative Demand from the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of New York, Civil Frauds Unit. The Investigative Demand requests the production of documents and responses to written interrogatories relating to the Company’s best prices provided to Medicaid for certain of the Company’s ophthalmic products.

In March 2008, the Company received service of a Subpoena Duces Tecum from the U.S. Attorney, U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ) for the Northern District of Georgia requesting the production of documents relating to the Company’s sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® . In December 2009, the DOJ for the Northern District of Georgia served the Company with a Supplemental Subpoena Duces Tecum requesting the production of additional documents relating to certain of the Company’s speaker bureau programs. On September 1, 2010, the Company announced that it reached a resolution with the DOJ (DOJ Settlement) regarding the Company’s alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with certain therapeutic uses of Botox ® . In connection with the DOJ Settlement, the Company entered into a Federal Settlement Agreement (Settlement Agreement) with the DOJ for the Northern District of Georgia, the Office of Inspector General of the Department of Health and Human Services (OIG), the TRICARE Management Activity, the U.S. Office of Personnel Management, the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, and the Office of Workers’ Compensation Programs of the U.S. Department of Labor, and the relators in the qui tam actions identified in the Settlement Agreement, pursuant to which the Company agreed to plead guilty to a single misdemeanor “misbranding” charge covering the period from 2000 through 2005 and to pay the government $375 million, which includes a $350 million criminal fine and $25 million in forfeited assets. In addition, the Company agreed to pay $225 million to resolve civil claims asserted by the DOJ under the civil False Claims Act. As part of the DOJ Settlement, the Company has entered into a five-year Corporate Integrity Agreement with the OIG. In October 2010, the U.S. District Court for the Northern District of Georgia accepted the Company’s Plea Agreement with the DOJ for the Northern District of Georgia. The Company recorded total pre-tax charges of $609.2 million in fiscal year 2010 in connection with the DOJ Settlement. This amount includes estimated interest and certain attorneys’ fees that the Company is obligated to pay in connection with the global settlement.

 

F-43


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Stockholder Derivative Litigation

In September 2010, Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System filed a stockholder derivative complaint against the Company’s current Board of Directors, or Board, which includes David E.I. Pyott, Herbert W. Boyer, Ph.D., Gavin S. Herbert, Leonard D. Schaeffer, Michael R. Gallagher, Stephen J. Ryan, M.D., Russell T. Ray, Trevor M. Jones, Ph.D., Robert A. Ingram, Louis J. Lavigne, Jr., Deborah Dunsire, M.D. and Dawn Hudson, and Allergan, Inc. in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The complaint alleges breaches of fiduciary duties relating to the Company’s alleged sales and marketing practices in connection with Botox ® and seeks to shift the costs of the DOJ Settlement to the defendants. In October 2010, the plaintiff filed an amended complaint and the Company and the individual defendants filed motions to dismiss.

In November 2010, the Company received a demand for inspection of books and records from U.F.C.W. Local 1776 & Participating Employers Pension Fund. In November 2010, the U.F.C.W. Local 1776 & Participating Employers Pension Fund filed a motion to intervene in the Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System action, which was denied by the court in January 2011.

In September 2010, Daniel Himmel filed a stockholder derivative complaint against the Board, Handel E. Evans, Ronald M. Cresswell, Louis T. Rosso, Karen R. Osar, Anthony H. Wild, and Allergan, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duties, waste of corporate assets, and unjust enrichment and seeks, among other things, damages, corporate governance reforms, attorneys’ fees, and costs.

In September 2010, Willa Rosenbloom filed a stockholder derivative complaint against the Board and Allergan, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities law, breaches of fiduciary duties, and unjust enrichment and seeks, among other things, damages, corporate governance reforms, attorneys’ fees, and costs.

In September 2010, Pompano Beach Police & Firefighters’ Retirement System and Western Washington Laborers-Employers Pension Trust filed a stockholder derivative complaint against the Board and Allergan, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Central District of California. The complaint alleges violations of federal securities laws, breaches of fiduciary duties, abuse of control, gross mismanagement, and corporate waste and seeks, among other things, damages, corporate governance reforms, attorneys’ fees, and costs. In September 2010, plaintiffs filed a motion for consolidation with the Himmel and Rosenbloom actions, which the court granted in October 2010. In November 2010, the plaintiffs filed their consolidated complaint. In December 2010, the Company filed a motion to stay the consolidated action in favor of the Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System action. In December 2010, the Company and the individual defendants filed motions to dismiss the consolidated complaint.

In October 2010, Julie Rosenberg filed a stockholder derivative complaint against the Board and Allergan, Inc. in the Superior Court for the State of California for the County of Orange. The complaint alleges breaches of fiduciary duties and seeks, among other things, damages, attorneys’ fees, and costs. In December 2010, the court stayed this matter pending the decision on the motions to dismiss filed in the Louisiana Municipal Police Employees’ Retirement System action.

The Company is involved in various other lawsuits and claims arising in the ordinary course of business. These other matters are, in the opinion of management, immaterial both individually and in the aggregate with respect to the Company’s consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations. Because of the

 

F-44


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

uncertainties related to the incurrence, amount and range of loss on any pending litigation, investigation, inquiry or claim, management is currently unable to predict the ultimate outcome of any litigation, investigation, inquiry or claim, determine whether a liability has been incurred or make an estimate of the reasonably possible liability that could result from an unfavorable outcome. The Company believes however, that the liability, if any, resulting from the aggregate amount of uninsured damages for any outstanding litigation, investigation or claim will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, liquidity or results of operations. However, an adverse ruling in a patent infringement lawsuit involving the Company could materially affect the Company’s ability to sell one or more of its products or could result in additional competition. In view of the unpredictable nature of such matters, the Company cannot provide any assurances regarding the outcome of any litigation, investigation, inquiry or claim to which the Company is a party or the impact on the Company of an adverse ruling in such matters.

Note 14:    Commitments and Contingencies

Operating Lease Obligations

The Company leases certain facilities, office equipment and automobiles and provides for payment of taxes, insurance and other charges on certain of these leases. Rental expense was $53.5 million in 2010, $57.9 million in 2009 and $50.9 million in 2008.

Future minimum rental payments under non-cancelable operating lease commitments with a term of more than one year as of December 31, 2010 are as follows: $48.3 million in 2011, $37.9 million in 2012, $27.8 million in 2013, $16.9 million in 2014, $10.6 million in 2015 and $33.5 million thereafter.

Contingencies

In 2009, the Company established a reserve for a contingent liability associated with regulation changes resulting from a final rule issued by the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) that placed retroactive and prospective pricing limits on certain branded pharmaceuticals under the TRICARE Retail Pharmacy Program, even though such branded pharmaceuticals have not historically been subject to a contract with the Company. The Company is currently in negotiations with the DoD to seek a waiver of retroactive rebates. As of December 31, 2010, the reserve for the contingent liability is $11.6 million and is included in “Other accrued expenses.”

In the third quarter of 2009, the Company entered into a co-promotion agreement with Quintiles Transnational Corp. (Quintiles), under which Quintiles co-promoted Sanctura XR ® , Latisse ® and Aczone ® , generally targeting primary care physicians. Due to significantly lower than anticipated performance under the agreement, the Company terminated this co-promotion agreement in the third quarter of 2010. The Company estimates it will be required to pay between approximately $15.0 million and $25.0 million in costs in connection with the termination of the co-promotion agreement. In the third quarter of 2010, the Company established a reserve for this contingent liability within the range specified above, which is included in “Other accrued expenses.”

Note 15:    Guarantees

The Company’s Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation provides that the Company will indemnify, to the fullest extent permitted by the Delaware General Corporation Law, each person that is involved in or is, or is threatened to be, made a party to any action, suit or proceeding by reason of the fact that he or she,

 

F-45


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

or a person of whom he or she is the legal representative, is or was a director or officer of the Company or was serving at the request of the Company as a director, officer, employee or agent of another corporation or of a partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise. The Company has also entered into contractual indemnity agreements with each of its directors and executive officers pursuant to which, among other things, the Company has agreed to indemnify such directors and executive officers against any payments they are required to make as a result of a claim brought against such executive officer or director in such capacity, excluding claims (i) relating to the action or inaction of a director or executive officer that resulted in such director or executive officer gaining illegal personal profit or advantage, (ii) for an accounting of profits made from the purchase or sale of securities of the Company within the meaning of Section 16(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or similar provisions of any state law or (iii) that are based upon or arise out of such director’s or executive officer’s knowingly fraudulent, deliberately dishonest or willful misconduct. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under these indemnification provisions is unlimited. However, the Company has purchased directors’ and officers’ liability insurance policies intended to reduce the Company’s monetary exposure and to enable the Company to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. The Company has not previously paid any material amounts to defend lawsuits or settle claims as a result of these indemnification provisions, but makes no assurance that such amounts will not be paid in the future. The Company currently believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification arrangements is minimal.

The Company customarily agrees in the ordinary course of its business to indemnification provisions in agreements with clinical trials investigators in its drug, biologics and medical device development programs, in sponsored research agreements with academic and not-for-profit institutions, in various comparable agreements involving parties performing services for the Company in the ordinary course of business, and in its real estate leases. The Company also customarily agrees to certain indemnification provisions in its discovery and development collaboration agreements. With respect to the Company’s clinical trials and sponsored research agreements, these indemnification provisions typically apply to any claim asserted against the investigator or the investigator’s institution relating to personal injury or property damage, violations of law or certain breaches of the Company’s contractual obligations arising out of the research or clinical testing of the Company’s products, compounds or drug candidates. With respect to real estate lease agreements, the indemnification provisions typically apply to claims asserted against the landlord relating to personal injury or property damage caused by the Company, to violations of law by the Company or to certain breaches of the Company’s contractual obligations. The indemnification provisions appearing in the Company’s collaboration agreements are similar, but in addition provide some limited indemnification for the collaborator in the event of third party claims alleging infringement of intellectual property rights. In each of the above cases, the terms of these indemnification provisions generally survive the termination of the agreement. The maximum potential amount of future payments that the Company could be required to make under these provisions is generally unlimited. The Company has purchased insurance policies covering personal injury, property damage and general liability intended to reduce the Company’s exposure for indemnification and to enable the Company to recover a portion of any future amounts paid. The Company has not previously paid any material amounts to defend lawsuits or settle claims as a result of these indemnification provisions. As a result, the Company believes the estimated fair value of these indemnification arrangements is minimal.

Note 16:    Product Warranties

The Company provides warranty programs for breast implant sales primarily in the United States, Europe and certain other countries. Management estimates the amount of potential future claims from these warranty programs based on actuarial analyses. Expected future obligations are determined based on the history of product shipments and claims and are discounted to a current value. The liability is included in both current and long-term liabilities in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The U.S. programs include the ConfidencePlus ®

 

F-46


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

and ConfidencePlus ® Premier warranty programs. The ConfidencePlus ® program currently provides lifetime product replacement, $1,200 of financial assistance for surgical procedures within ten years of implantation and contralateral implant replacement. The ConfidencePlus ® Premier program, which normally requires a low additional enrollment fee, generally provides lifetime product replacement, $2,400 of financial assistance for saline breast implants and $3,500 of financial assistance for silicone gel breast implants for surgical procedures within ten years of implantation and contralateral implant replacement. The enrollment fee is deferred and recognized as income over the ten year warranty period for financial assistance. The warranty programs in non-U.S. markets have similar terms and conditions to the U.S. programs. The Company does not warrant any level of aesthetic result and, as required by government regulation, makes extensive disclosures concerning the risks of the use of its products and breast implant surgery. Changes to actual warranty claims incurred and interest rates could have a material impact on the actuarial analysis and the Company’s estimated liabilities. A large majority of the product warranty liability arises from the U.S. warranty programs. The Company does not currently offer any similar warranty program on any other product.

The following table provides a reconciliation of the change in estimated product warranty liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009:

 

$00.0 $00.0
     2010     2009  
     (in millions)  

Balance, beginning of year

   $ 29.4      $ 29.5   

Provision for warranties issued during the year

     8.3        5.5   

Settlements made during the year

     (8.1     (5.6

Increases in warranty estimates

     0.5          
                

Balance, end of year

   $ 30.1      $ 29.4   
                

Current portion

   $ 6.7      $ 6.7   

Non-current portion

     23.4        22.7   
                

Total

   $ 30.1      $ 29.4   
                

Note 17:    Business Segment Information

The Company operates its business on the basis of two reportable segments — specialty pharmaceuticals and medical devices. The specialty pharmaceuticals segment produces a broad range of pharmaceutical products, including: ophthalmic products for dry eye, glaucoma, retinal diseases and ocular surface disease; Botox ® for certain therapeutic and aesthetic indications; skin care products for acne, psoriasis, eyelash growth and other prescription and over-the-counter skin care products; and urologics products. The medical devices segment produces a broad range of medical devices, including: breast implants for augmentation, revision and reconstructive surgery; obesity intervention products, including the Lap-Band ® System and the Orbera Intragastric Balloon System; and facial aesthetics products. The Company provides global marketing strategy teams to ensure development and execution of a consistent marketing strategy for its products in all geographic regions that share similar distribution channels and customers.

The Company evaluates segment performance on a revenue and operating income basis exclusive of general and administrative expenses and other indirect costs, legal settlement expenses, intangible asset impairment and related costs, restructuring charges, in-process research and development expenses, amortization of certain identifiable intangible assets related to business combinations and asset acquisitions and related capitalized licensing costs and certain other adjustments, which are not allocated to the Company’s segments for

 

F-47


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

performance assessment by the Company’s chief operating decision maker. Other adjustments excluded from the Company’s segments for performance assessment represent income or expenses that do not reflect, according to established Company-defined criteria, operating income or expenses associated with the Company’s core business activities. Because operating segments are generally defined by the products they design and sell, they do not make sales to each other. The Company does not discretely allocate assets to its operating segments, nor does the Company’s chief operating decision maker evaluate operating segments using discrete asset information.

Operating Segments

 

$0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions)  

Product net sales:

        

Specialty pharmaceuticals

   $ 3,973.4       $ 3,683.8       $ 3,502.3   

Medical devices

     846.2         763.8         837.4   
                          

Total product net sales

     4,819.6         4,447.6         4,339.7   

Other corporate and indirect revenues

     99.8         56.0         63.7   
                          

Total revenues

   $ 4,919.4       $ 4,503.6       $ 4,403.4   
                          

Operating income:

        

Specialty pharmaceuticals

   $ 1,501.9       $ 1,370.8       $ 1,220.1   

Medical devices

     284.7         189.2         222.0   
                          

Total segments

     1,786.6         1,560.0         1,442.1   

General and administrative expenses, other indirect costs and other adjustments

     434.9         456.7         475.2   

Amortization of acquired intangible assets (a)

     114.5         124.4         129.6   

Legal settlement

     609.2                   

Intangible asset impairment and related costs

     369.1                   

Restructuring charges

     0.3         50.9         41.3   
                          

Total operating income

   $ 258.6       $ 928.0       $ 796.0   
                          

 

 

  (a)

Represents amortization of certain identifiable intangible assets related to business combinations and asset acquisitions and related capitalized licensing costs, as applicable.

Product net sales for the Company’s various global product portfolios are presented below. The Company’s principal markets are the United States, Europe, Latin America and Asia Pacific. The U.S. information is presented separately as it is the Company’s headquarters country. U.S. sales represented 62.6%, 65.4% and 64.6% of the Company’s total consolidated product net sales in 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively.

Sales to two customers in the Company’s specialty pharmaceuticals segment each generated over 10% of the Company’s total consolidated product net sales. Sales to Cardinal Health, Inc. for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were 13.1%, 13.9% and 12.0%, respectively, of the Company’s total consolidated product net sales. Sales to McKesson Drug Company for the years ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008 were 12.1%, 12.8% and 12.3%, respectively, of the Company’s total consolidated product net sales. No other country or single customer generates over 10% of the Company’s total consolidated product net sales. Net sales for the Europe region also include sales to customers in Africa and the Middle East, and net sales in the Asia Pacific region include sales to customers in Australia and New Zealand.

 

F-48


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Product Net Sales by Product Line

 

$0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions)  

Specialty Pharmaceuticals:

        

Eye Care Pharmaceuticals

   $ 2,262.0       $ 2,100.6       $ 2,009.1   

Botox ® /Neuromodulators

     1,419.4         1,309.6         1,310.9   

Skin Care

     229.5         208.0         113.7   

Urologics

     62.5         65.6         68.6   
                          

Total Specialty Pharmaceuticals

     3,973.4         3,683.8         3,502.3   
                          

Medical Devices:

        

Breast Aesthetics

     319.1         287.5         310.0   

Obesity Intervention

     243.3         258.2         296.0   

Facial Aesthetics

     283.8         218.1         231.4   
                          

Total Medical Devices

     846.2         763.8         837.4   
                          

Total product net sales

   $ 4,819.6       $ 4,447.6       $ 4,339.7   
                          

Geographic Information

 

$0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0
     Product Net Sales  
     2010      2009      2008  
     (in millions)  

United States

   $ 3,017.0       $ 2,910.2       $ 2,804.2   

Europe

     931.6         857.8         881.9   

Latin America

     323.7         256.0         262.5   

Asia Pacific

     333.8         254.0         222.3   

Other

     213.5         169.6         168.8   
                          

Total product net sales

   $ 4,819.6       $ 4,447.6       $ 4,339.7   
                          

 

$0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0 $0,000.0
    Long-lived Assets     Depreciation and
Amortization
    Capital Expenditures  
    2010     2009     2010     2009     2008     2010     2009     2008  
    (in millions)  

United States

  $ 3,222.4      $ 3,678.3      $ 202.2      $ 210.0      $ 203.3      $ 62.8      $ 63.5      $ 117.7   

Europe

    563.1        464.3        42.0        42.4        54.2        29.3        20.5        54.2   

Latin America

    65.0        66.8        8.3        6.3        5.1        6.7        10.0        13.1   

Asia Pacific

    56.3        37.0        3.8        2.7        1.7        3.9        1.6        3.3   

Other

    3.7        4.2        0.8        0.7        0.1        0.1        0.2        2.5   
                                                               

Total

  $ 3,910.5      $ 4,250.6      $   257.1      $   262.1      $   264.4      $   102.8      $     95.8      $   190.8   
                                                               

The decrease in long-lived assets located in the United States at December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009 is primarily due to the impairment of the Sanctura ® intangible assets in the third quarter of 2010. The increase in long-lived assets located in Europe at December 31, 2010 compared to December 31, 2009 is primarily due to intangible assets related to the Serica acquisition completed in the first quarter of 2010,

 

F-49


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

intangible assets and goodwill associated with the purchase completed in the third quarter of 2010 of the Company’s distributor’s business related to the Company’s products in Turkey and the acquisition of developed technology related to an upfront licensing payment for an eye care product previously approved for marketing in the third quarter of 2010. Intangible assets related to the acquisition of Botox ® Cosmetic distribution rights in Japan and China completed in the first quarter of 2010 are primarily reflected in the Asia Pacific balance above.

Note 18:    Earnings Per Share

The table below presents the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

 

    Year Ended December 31,  
    2010     2009     2008  
   

(in millions, except

per share amounts)

 

Net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc.

  $ 0.6      $ 621.3      $ 563.1   
                       

Weighted average number of shares outstanding

    303.4        303.6        304.1   

Net shares assumed issued using the treasury stock method for options and non-vested equity shares and share units outstanding during each period based on average market price

    4.3        2.2        2.3   

Dilutive effect of assumed conversion of convertible notes outstanding

    0.3                 
                       

Diluted shares

    308.0        305.8        306.4   
                       

Earnings per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders:

     

Basic

  $ 0.00      $ 2.05      $ 1.85   
                       

Diluted

  $ 0.00      $ 2.03      $ 1.84   
                       

For the year ended December 31, 2010, options to purchase 8.5 million shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $47.10 to $73.04 per share were outstanding but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect from the assumed exercise of these options calculated under the treasury stock method would be anti-dilutive.

For the year ended December 31, 2009, options to purchase 13.2 million shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $39.67 to $65.63 per share were outstanding but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect from the assumed exercise of these options calculated under the treasury stock method would be anti-dilutive. There were no potentially diluted common shares related to the Company’s 2026 Convertible Notes for the year ended December 31, 2009, as the Company’s average stock price for the period was less than the conversion price of the notes.

For the year ended December 31, 2008, options to purchase 11.4 million shares of common stock at exercise prices ranging from $47.32 to $65.63 per share were outstanding but were not included in the computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect from the assumed exercise of these options calculated under the treasury stock method would be anti-dilutive. There were no potentially diluted common shares related to the Company’s 2026 Convertible Notes for the year ended December 31, 2008, as the Company’s average stock price for the period was less than the conversion price of the notes.

 

F-50


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS — (Continued)

 

Note 19:    Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following table summarizes the components of comprehensive income (loss) for the years ended December 31:

 

(Expense) (Expense) (Expense) (Expense) (Expense) (Expense) (Expense) (Expense) (Expense)
    2010     2009     2008  
    Before
Tax
 Amount 
    Tax
(Expense)
or
Benefit
    Net-of-
Tax
 Amount 
    Before
Tax
 Amount 
    Tax
(Expense)
or
Benefit
    Net-of-
Tax
 Amount 
    Before
Tax
 Amount 
    Tax
(Expense)
or
Benefit
    Net-of-
Tax
 Amount 
 
    (in millions)  

Foreign currency translation adjustments

  $ (3.2   $      $ (3.2   $ 38.9      $      $ 38.9      $ (39.5   $      $ (39.5

Amortization of deferred holding gains
on derivatives designated as cash
flow hedges

    (1.3     0.5        (0.8     (1.3     0.5        (0.8     (1.3     0.5        (0.8

Pension and postretirement benefit plan
adjustments:

                 

Net (loss) gain

    (73.7     20.2        (53.5     66.7        (17.8     48.9        (190.3     64.5        (125.8

Amortization

    11.3        (3.1     8.2        12.6        (3.4     9.2        6.5        (2.6     3.9   

Unrealized holding gain (loss) on
available-for-sale securities

                         2.9        (1.5     1.4        (5.8     2.7        (3.1
                                                                       

Other comprehensive (loss) income

  $ (66.9   $ 17.6        (49.3   $ 119.8      $ (22.2     97.6      $ (230.4   $ 65.1        (165.3
                                                     

Net earnings

        4.9            623.8            564.7   
                                   

Total comprehensive (loss) income

        (44.4         721.4            399.4   

Comprehensive income attributable to
noncontrolling interest

        5.1            4.2            1.2   
                                   

Comprehensive (loss) income attributable to Allergan, Inc.

      $ (49.5       $ 717.2          $ 398.2   
                                   

Note 20:    Subsequent Event

On January 28, 2011, the Company entered into a collaboration agreement and a co-promotion agreement with MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (MAP) for the exclusive development and commercialization by the Company and MAP of Levadex within the United States to certain headache specialist physicians for the treatment of acute migraine in adults, migraine in adolescents 12 to 18 years of age and other indications that may be approved by the parties. Levadex is a self-administered, orally inhaled therapy consisting of a proprietary formulation of dihydroergotamine delivered using MAP’s proprietary Tempo ® delivery system, which has completed Phase III clinical development for the treatment of acute migraine in adults. MAP currently intends to submit its New Drug Application for Levadex to the United States Food and Drug Administration in the first half of 2011. Under the terms of the agreements, the Company made a $60.0 million upfront payment to MAP in February 2011. The terms of the agreements also include up to $97.0 million in additional payments to MAP upon MAP meeting certain development and regulatory milestones.

 

F-51


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED)

 

$1,105.8 $1,105.8 $1,105.8 $1,105.8 $1,105.8
    First
Quarter
    Second
Quarter
    Third
Quarter
    Fourth
Quarter
    Total
Year
 
    (in millions, except per share data)  

2010

 

Product net sales

  $ 1,105.8      $ 1,231.7      $ 1,192.0      $ 1,290.1      $ 4,819.6   

Total revenues

    1,154.7        1,247.2        1,208.2        1,309.3        4,919.4   

Operating income (loss)

    250.3        331.9        (691.0     367.4        258.6   

Earnings (loss) before income taxes(a)

    232.0        333.5        (727.7     333.0        170.8   

Net earnings (loss)

    169.0        241.5        (668.7     263.1        4.9   

Net earnings (loss) attributable to Allergan, Inc.

    167.9        240.1        (670.5     263.1        0.6   

Basic earnings (loss) per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders

    0.55        0.79        (2.21     0.87        0.00   

Diluted earnings (loss) per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders

    0.55        0.78        (2.21     0.85        0.00   

2009

         

Product net sales

  $ 994.6      $ 1,118.7      $ 1,127.8      $ 1,206.5      $ 4,447.6   

Total revenues

    1,007.2        1,130.8        1,141.3        1,224.3        4,503.6   

Operating income

    82.1        292.5        236.5        316.9        928.0   

Earnings before income taxes(b)

    63.4        257.0        232.3        295.8        848.5   

Net earnings

    45.0        176.8        179.2        222.8        623.8   

Net earnings attributable to Allergan, Inc.

    44.7        176.1        179.0        221.5        621.3   

Basic earnings per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders

    0.15        0.58        0.59        0.73        2.05   

Diluted earnings per share attributable to Allergan, Inc. stockholders

    0.15        0.58        0.58        0.72        2.03   

 

(a)

Includes 2010 pre-tax charges for the following items:

 

$(36.0) $(36.0) $(36.0) $(36.0) $(36.0)
    Quarter  
    First     Second     Third      Fourth     Total  
    (in millions)  

Licensing fee income for a development and commercialization agreement

  $ (36.0   $      $       $      $ (36.0

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

    37.1        37.3        31.1         32.5        138.0   

External costs associated with responding to the U.S. Department
of Justice (DOJ) subpoena and related stockholder derivative litigation costs

    4.5        4.0        3.0         2.9        14.4   

Distributor termination fee and expense from changes in fair value of contingent consideration associated with the purchase of a distributor’s business in Turkey

                  33.0         7.9        40.9   

Write-off of manufacturing assets related to the abandonment of
an eye care product

                  10.6                10.6   

Upfront payment for technology that has not achieved
regulatory approval

    43.0                              43.0   

Legal settlement costs associated with a resolution with the DOJ regarding past U.S. sales and marketing practices relating to certain therapeutic uses of Botox ®

                  609.9         (0.7     609.2   

An aggregate charge related to the impairment of the Sanctura ® Assets and related costs

                  369.1                369.1   

Non-cash interest expense associated with amortization of convertible debt discount

    6.1        6.3        6.3         6.4        25.1   

Unrealized loss (gain) on derivative instruments, net

    0.7        (8.9     15.2         0.6        7.6   

 

F-52


Table of Contents

ALLERGAN, INC.

QUARTERLY RESULTS (UNAUDITED) — (Continued)

 

(b)

Includes 2009 pre-tax charges for the following items:

 

$146.3 $146.3 $146.3 $146.3 $146.3
     Quarter  
     First      Second      Third     Fourth     Total  
     (in millions)  

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

   $ 38.6       $ 35.5       $ 36.0      $ 36.2      $ 146.3   

Restructuring charges

     42.1         1.0         4.2        3.6        50.9   

Compensation expense from stock option modifications
related to the 2009 restructuring plan

     77.0         0.6         0.7        0.3        78.6   

Termination benefits, asset impairments and accelerated depreciation costs related to the phased closure of the Arklow manufacturing facility

     4.5         7.2         2.8               14.5   

Contribution to The Allergan Foundation

                     18.0               18.0   

External costs associated with responding to the U.S.
Department of Justice subpoena

     7.8         7.4         8.4        8.6        32.2   

Upfront payment for technology that has not achieved
regulatory approval

                     10.0               10.0   

Non-cash interest expense associated with amortization of convertible debt discount

     6.5         5.9         6.0        6.1        24.5   

Unrealized loss (gain) on derivative instruments, net

     2.8         11.7         2.7        (3.6     13.6   

Loss on extinguishment of convertible debt

     5.3                               5.3   

Gain on settlement of a manufacturing and distribution agreement

                            (14.0     (14.0

Gain on investments, net

                     (24.6            (24.6

 

F-53


Table of Contents

SCHEDULE II

ALLERGAN, INC.

VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS

Years Ended December 31, 2010, 2009 and 2008

 

Deductions(b) Deductions(b) Deductions(b) Deductions(b)

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Deducted from Trade Receivables

   Balance at
Beginning
of Year
     Additions(a)      Deductions(b)     Balance
at End
of Year
 
     (in millions)  

2010

   $ 30.3       $ 5.3       $ (6.6   $ 29.0   

2009

     31.4         10.8         (11.9     30.3   

2008

     21.4         12.6         (2.6     31.4   

 

 

(a)

Provision charged to earnings.

 

(b)

Accounts written off, net of recoveries.

 

F-54

EXHIBIT 10.2

ALLERGAN, INC.

CHANGE IN CONTROL POLICY

Allergan, Inc. (the “Company”) hereby adopts this Allergan, Inc. Change in Control Policy (this “Policy”), effective as of April 28, 2010 (such date, the “Effective Date”).

1.         Purpose . The purpose of this Policy is to provide each “Participant” (as such term is defined in Section 3) with protection in the event of a termination of employment under specified circumstances following a “Change in Control” (as such term is defined in Section 4). The Company believes that because of its position in the industry, financial resources and historical operating results there is a possibility that the Company may become the subject of a Change in Control either now or at some time in the future. The Company believes it is in the interest of the Company and its stockholders to foster Participants’ objectivity in making decisions with respect to any pending or threatened Change in Control and to assure that the Company will have the continued dedication and availability of Participants as employees of the Company or one of its affiliates, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change in Control. The Company believes that these goals can be accomplished by alleviating certain of the risks and uncertainties with regard to Participants’ financial and professional security that would be created by a pending or threatened Change in Control and that inevitably would distract Participants and could impair their ability to objectively perform their duties for and on behalf of the Company.

2.         Term . Commencing on the Effective Date, this Policy shall remain in effect until the second anniversary of the date upon which a Change in Control occurs, subject to the provisions in Section 5; provided, however , that the Company, through the Organization and Compensation Committee of its Board of Directors, or its successor (“O&CC”), may in its sole discretion amend or terminate this Policy without prior notice at any time prior to the date upon which a Change in Control occurs. Effective as of the date on which a Change in Control occurs, this Policy may not be amended or terminated with respect to any Participant in a manner that will materially impact such Participant’s rights hereunder without such Participant’s express written consent.

3.         Participants . Each full-time employee of the Company or any of its affiliates who is (a) in salary grade ten (10) vice presidents or higher, (b) actively employed by the Company or any of its affiliates immediately prior to the consummation of a Change in Control and (c) not eligible to receive severance benefits in connection with a Change in Control pursuant to an individual agreement with the Company (each such employee, a “Participant”), shall be eligible to receive severance benefits under this Policy in the event that (x) the Participant incurs a “Qualifying Termination” (as such term is defined in Section 6) following a Change in Control and (y) the Participant executes a release in substantially the form attached as Appendix B hereto (a “Release”) and such Release becomes irrevocable on or before the payment date specified in Section 7(a). Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent required by the Release, the Release will not be treated as irrevocable for the purposes of this Policy prior to the date that is seven (7)

 

1


calendar days after the Executive has provided proof that he or she has withdrawn or dismissed any pending claims or actions.

4.         Change in Control . As used in this Policy, a “Change in Control” shall mean the following and shall be deemed to occur if any of the following events occur:

(a)    Any “person” (a “Person”), as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), is or becomes the “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act (a “Beneficial Owner”), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing (i) 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities, which acquisition is not approved in advance of the acquisition or within 30 days after the acquisition by a majority of the Incumbent Board (as hereinafter defined) or (ii) 33% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities, without regard to whether such acquisition is approved by the Incumbent Board;

(b)    Individuals who, as of the Effective Date, constitute the Board (the “Incumbent Board”), cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board, provided that any person becoming a director subsequent to the Effective Date whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, is approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (other than an election or nomination of an individual whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest relating to the election of the directors of the Company, as such terms are used Rule 14a-11 of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act) shall, for the purposes of this Policy, be considered as though such person were a member of the Incumbent Board of the Company;

(c)    The consummation of a merger, consolidation or reorganization involving the Company, other than one which satisfies both of the following conditions:

(i)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of another entity) at least 55% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Company or such other entity resulting from the merger, consolidation or reorganization outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or reorganization and being held in substantially the same proportion as the ownership in the Company’s voting securities immediately before such merger, consolidation or reorganization, and

(ii)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization in which no Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities; or

 

2


(d)    The stockholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or other disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.

(e)    Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Section, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this Section is (i) an underwriter or underwriting syndicate that has acquired the ownership of any of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities solely in connection with a public offering of the Company’s securities, (ii) the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or (iii) an employee stock ownership plan or other employee benefit plan maintained by the Company (or any of its affiliated companies) that is qualified under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”). In addition, notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Section, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this Section becomes a Beneficial Owner of more than the permitted amount of outstanding securities as a result of the acquisition of voting securities by the Company which, by reducing the number of voting securities outstanding, increases the proportional number of shares beneficially owned by such Person, provided, that if a Change in Control would occur but for the operation of this sentence and such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional voting securities (other than through the exercise of options granted under any stock option plan of the Company or through a stock dividend or stock split), then a Change in Control shall occur.

5.         Effect of a Change in Control . In the event of a Change in Control, Sections 7 through 9 of this Policy shall become applicable to each Participant. These Sections shall continue to remain applicable to each Participant until the second anniversary of the date upon which the Change in Control occurs. At that point, so long as the employment of a Participant has not been terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination, as defined in Section 6, this Policy shall terminate and be of no further force with respect to such Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, if a Participant’s employment with the Company and its affiliated companies is terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination on or before the second anniversary of a Change in Control and the Participant becomes entitled to receive severance benefits under this Policy, this Policy shall remain in effect with respect to such Participant until the Participant receives the various benefits to which he or she has become entitled under the terms of this Policy.

6.         Qualifying Termination . If, subsequent to a Change in Control, a Participant’s employment with the Company and its affiliated companies is terminated, such termination shall be considered a Qualifying Termination unless:

(a)    The Participant voluntarily terminates his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies. A Participant, however, shall not be considered to have voluntarily terminated his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies if, following the Change in Control, the Participant’s overall compensation is reduced or adversely modified in any material respect or the Participant’s duties are materially changed, and subsequent to such reduction, modification or change, the Participant elects to terminate his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies. For such purposes, the Participant’s duties shall be considered to have been

 

3


“materially changed” if, without the Participant’s express written consent, there is any substantial diminution or adverse modification in the Participant’s overall position, responsibilities or reporting relationship, or if, without the Participant’s express written consent, the Participant’s job location is transferred to a site more than 50 miles away from his or her place of employment prior to the Change in Control.

(b)    The termination is on account of the Participant’s death or Disability. For such purposes, “Disability” shall mean a physical or mental incapacity as a result of which the Participant becomes unable to continue the performance of his or her responsibilities for the Company and its affiliated companies and which, at least 26 weeks after its commencement, is determined to be total and permanent by a physician agreed to by the Company and the Participant, or in the event of the Participant’s inability to designate a physician, the Participant’s legal representative. In the absence of agreement between the Company and the Participant, each party shall nominate a qualified physician and the two physicians so nominated shall select a third physician who shall make the determination as to Disability.

(c)    The Participant is involuntarily terminated for “cause.” For this purpose, “cause” shall be limited to only three types of events:

(i)    the willful refusal of the Participant to comply with a lawful, written instruction of the Board so long as the instruction is consistent with the scope and responsibilities of the Participant’s position prior to the Change in Control;

(ii)    dishonesty by the Participant which results in a material financial loss to the Company (or to any of its affiliated companies) or material injury to its public reputation (or to the public reputation of any of its affiliated companies); or

(iii)    the Participant’s conviction of any felony involving an act of moral turpitude.

(d)    In addition, notwithstanding anything contained in this Policy to the contrary, if a Participant’s employment is terminated within the fifty-five (55) day period ending on the date of a Change in Control and it is determined that such termination (i) was at the request of a third party who has indicated an intention or taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change in Control and who subsequently effectuates a Change in Control or (ii) otherwise occurred in connection with, or in anticipation of, a Change in Control which actually occurs, then, for all purposes of this Policy, the date of a Change in Control with respect to such Participant shall mean the date immediately prior to the date of such termination of such Participant’s employment.

7.         Severance Payment .

(a)    Subject to Section 3, if a Participant’s employment is terminated as a result of a Qualifying Termination, the Company shall pay the Participant a cash lump-sum payment on the fifty-fifth day immediately following the Participant’s Qualifying

 

4


Termination in an amount equal to the product of the Participant’s “Compensation” (as such term is defined below) and the applicable multiplier set forth in Appendix A hereto (such amount, the “Severance Payment”).

(b)    For purposes of this Policy, and subject to Section 7(c), a Participant’s “Compensation” shall equal the sum of (i) the Participant’s highest annual salary rate within the five-year period ending on the date of the Participant’s Qualifying Termination plus (ii) a “Bonus Increment.” The Bonus Increment shall equal the Participant’s target annual bonus under the Executive Bonus Plan or Management Bonus Plan (or any successor plans thereto), as applicable, for the year in which a Qualifying Termination occurs, assuming 100% performance for both corporate and individual objectives, as applicable.

(c)    If a Participant’s normal severance payment under the Company’s and affiliate’s applicable severance pay policies for a reduction in force would be greater than the Compensation described in Section 7(b), above, then Participant’s “Compensation” for purposes of Section 7(b) shall be such greater amount.

8.         Additional Benefits . Subject to Section 3, if a Participant’s employment is terminated as a result of a Qualifying Termination, the Participant may continue medical, dental and vision care coverage in accordance with the terms of the Allergan Welfare Benefits Plan, as in effect immediately prior to a Change in Control (including terms governing required Participant contributions). In addition, the Participant shall receive executive outplacement benefits of a type and duration generally provided to executives at the Participant’s level. These programs shall be continued at no cost to the Participant, except to the extent that tax rules require the inclusion of the value of such benefits in the Participant’s income. The programs shall be continued in the same way and at the same level as in effect immediately prior to the Qualifying Termination. A Participant’s entitlement to continue participation in the applicable group medical, dental and vision programs shall continue for the following period, as applicable: (a) one year, for any Participant whose Severance Payment is calculated pursuant to Appendix A-1, (ii) two years, for any Participant whose Severance Payment is calculated pursuant to Appendix A-2 and (iii) three years, for any Participant whose Severance Payment is calculated pursuant to Appendix A-3.

9.         Parachute Payment Matters . In the event that a Participant becomes entitled to receive a Severance Payment in accordance with the provisions in Section 7, and such Severance Payment or any other benefits or payments (including transfers of property) that the Participant receives, or is to receive, pursuant to this Policy or any other agreement, plan or arrangement with the Company in connection with a Change in Control (“Other Benefits”) would not be deductible by the Company by reason of Section 280G of the Code (or any successor thereto) or any comparable provision of state or applicable non-US law, (“Comparable Excise Tax”) the following rules shall apply:

(a)    The Severance Payment shall be reduced (to zero if necessary) and, if the Severance Payment is reduced to zero, Other Benefits shall be reduced (to zero if necessary) until no portion of the Severance Payment and Other Benefits is not deductible by the Company by reason of Section 280G of the Code or Comparable Excise

 

5


Tax, provided, however , that (i) no such reduction shall be made unless the net after-tax benefit received by a Participant after such reduction would exceed the net after-tax benefit received by the Participant if no such reduction was made and (ii) if Other Benefits are required to be reduced, the reduction of such Other Benefits shall occur in the following order: (A) reduction in the benefits described in Section 8 (with such reduction being applied to the benefits in the manner having the least economic impact to the Participant and, to the extent the economic impact is equivalent, such benefits shall be reduced in the reverse order of when the benefits would have been paid or provided to the Participant, that is, benefits payable or provided later shall be reduced before benefits payable or provided earlier); (B) reduction of any cash payments (with such reduction being applied to the payments in the reverse order in which they would otherwise be made, that is, later payments shall be reduced before earlier payments); (C) cancellation of acceleration of vesting on any equity awards for which the exercise price exceeds the then fair market value of the underlying equity; and (D) cancellation of acceleration of vesting of equity awards not covered under (C) above, provided that in the event that acceleration of vesting of equity awards is to be cancelled, such acceleration of vesting shall be cancelled in the reverse order of the date of grant of such equity awards, that is, later equity awards shall be canceled before earlier equity awards.

(b)    All determinations under this Section 9 shall be made by the accounting firm (the “Auditors”) that is serving as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm immediately prior to the Change in Control. For purposes of determining whether any of the Severance Payments or Other Benefits would not be deductible by the Company by reason of Section 280G or Comparable Excise Tax and whether any of such payments shall be reduced pursuant to Section 9(a), (i) any other payment or benefits received or to be received by a Participant in connection with a Change in Control or Participant’s termination of employment (whether pursuant to the terms of this Policy or any other plan, arrangement or agreement with the Company, any person whose actions result in a Change in Control or any person affiliated with the Company or such person) shall be treated as “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (or any successor thereto) or Comparable Excise Tax, and all “excess parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code (or any successor thereto) or Comparable Excise Tax shall be treated as being nondeductible by the Company, unless in the opinion of tax counsel selected by the Auditors and acceptable to the Participant such other payments or benefits (in whole or in part) do not constitute parachute payments, or such excess parachute payments (in whole or in part) represent reasonable compensation for services actually rendered within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(4) of the Code (or any successor thereto) or Comparable Excise Tax or, (ii) the amount of the Severance Payments and Other Benefits which shall be treated as nondeductible by reason of Section 280G or Comparable Excise Tax shall be equal to the lesser of (A) the total amount of the Severance Payments or Other Benefits or (B) the amount of excess parachute payments within the meaning of Sections 280G(b)(1) and (4) of the Code (or any successor or successors thereto) or Comparable Excise Tax, after applying clause (i), above, and (iii) the value of any non-cash benefits or any deferred payment or benefit shall be determined by the Auditors in accordance with the principles of Sections 280G(d)(3) and (4) of the Code (or any successor or successors thereto) or Comparable Excise Tax.

 

6


(c)    For purposes of making the determinations and calculations required herein, the Auditors and any tax counsel selected by the Auditors may make reasonable assumptions and approximations concerning applicable taxes and may rely on reasonable, good faith interpretations concerning the application of Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code or Comparable Excise Tax, provided that the Auditors’ determinations must be made on the basis of “substantial authority” (within the meaning of Section 6662 of the Code), as applicable. All fees and expenses of the Auditors shall be borne solely by the Company.

10.         Rights and Obligations Prior to a Change in Control . Except as otherwise provided in Section 6(d), prior to a Change in Control, the rights and obligations of a Participant with respect to his or her employment by the Company shall be determined in accordance with the policies and procedures adopted from time to time by the Company and the provisions of any written employment contract in effect between the Company and a Participant from time to time. Except as otherwise provided in Section 6(d), this Policy deals only with certain rights and obligations of a Participant subsequent to a Change in Control, and the existence of this Policy shall not be treated as raising any inference with respect to what rights and obligations exist prior to a Change in Control. Unless otherwise expressly set forth in a separate employment agreement between a Participant and the Company, the employment of each Participant is at-will, and a Participant or the Company may terminate the Participant’s employment with the Company at any time and for any reason, with or without cause, to the extent permitted under applicable law, provided that if such termination occurs within two years after a Change in Control (or as contemplated in Section 6(d)) and constitutes a Qualifying Termination (as defined in Section 6) the provisions of this Policy shall govern the payment of the Severance Payment and certain other benefits as provided herein.

11.         Non-Exclusivity of Rights . The severance benefits provided under this Policy shall be paid in lieu of any severance benefits that a Participant might otherwise be entitled to receive from the Company under the Company’s applicable severance pay policies. Subject to the foregoing, (a) nothing in this Policy shall prevent or limit a Participant’s continuing or future participation in any benefit, bonus, incentive or other plan or program provided by the Company and for which a Participant may qualify, nor shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as a Participant may have under any stock option or other agreements with the Company; and (b) amounts which are vested benefits or which Participant is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan or program of the Company at or subsequent to the date of any Qualified Termination shall be payable in accordance with such plan or program.

12.         Confidentiality Covenant . Each Participant who receives benefits under this Policy agrees that the Participant shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as hereinafter defined). Each such Participant agrees that, upon termination of the Participant’s employment with the Company, all Confidential Information in the Participant’s possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Company and shall not be retained by the Participant or

 

7


furnished to any third party, in any form, except as provided herein; provided , however , that the Participant shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Company copies of any Confidential Information that (a) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to the Participant, (b) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Policy or any other duty owed to the Company by any person or entity, or (c) is lawfully disclosed to the Participant by a third party. As used in this Policy, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to the Participant or known by the Participant as a consequence of or through the Participant’s relationship with the Company about the products, research and development efforts, regulatory efforts, manufacturing processes, customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, of the Company.

13.         Non-Solicitation Covenant . Each Participant who receives benefits under this Policy agrees that, for the period commencing on the date of termination of the Participant’s employment with the Company and ending on the first anniversary thereof, the Participant shall not, either on the Participant’s own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Company any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Company; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Company responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 13.

14.         Full Settlement . The Company’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Policy and otherwise to perform its obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counter-claim, recoupment, defense or other claim, right or action which the Company may have against a Participant or others. In no event shall a Participant be obligated to seek other employment or to take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to a Participant under any of the provisions of this Policy. The Company agrees to pay, to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses which a Participant may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Policy or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by a Participant about the amount of any payment pursuant to Section 9), unless the arbitrator or the court, as the case may be, determines that the Participant’s material claims in such contest were frivolous or were asserted in bad faith.

15.         Policy Administration .

 

8


(a)    The O&CC is responsible for the general administration and management of this Policy (“Administrator”), and shall have all powers and duties necessary to fulfill its responsibilities, including, but not limited to, the discretion to interpret and apply the provisions of this Policy and to determine all questions relating to eligibility for, and amount of, benefits under this Policy. The O&CC may delegate any administrative responsibility it may have under this Policy to one or more individuals, including individuals who are employees of the Company.

(b)    The Administrator shall have the discretion to interpret or construe ambiguous, unclear, or implied (but omitted) terms in any fashion it deems to be appropriate in its sole and absolute discretion, and to make any findings of fact needed in the administration of this Policy. The validity of any such interpretation, construction, decision, or finding of fact shall be given de novo review if challenged before an arbitrator or in court, and such de novo standard shall apply notwithstanding the grant of full discretion hereunder to the Administrator or characterization of any such decision by the Administrator as final or binding on any party.

(c)    Subject to the last sentence of Section 15(b), all actions taken and all determinations by the Administrator will be final and binding on all persons claiming any interest in or under this Policy. To the extent the Administrator has been granted discretionary authority under this Policy, the Plan Administrator’s prior exercise of such authority shall not obligate it to exercise its authority in a like fashion thereafter.

16.         Successors . This Policy shall inure to the benefit of and be binding upon the Company and its successors. The Company shall require any successor to all or substantially all of the business and/or assets of the Company, whether direct or indirect, by purchase, merger, consolidation, acquisition of stock, or otherwise, expressly to assume and agree to perform this Policy in the same manner and to the same extent as the Company would be required to perform if no such succession had taken place.

17.         Governing Law . This Policy is intended to be an unfunded “top-hat” pension plan, within the meaning of U.S. Department of Labor Regulation Section 2520.104-23 and shall be interpreted, administered, and enforced in accordance with ERISA. It is expressly intended that ERISA preempt the application of state laws to this Policy, to the maximum extent permitted by ERISA Section 514. To the extent that state law is applicable, the statutes and common laws of the State of California (excluding its choice of laws principles) shall apply.

18.         Claims Procedure .

(a)    Any person claiming a benefit under this Policy shall present such a claim in writing to the Administrator. The Administrator shall respond to the claim within 90 days unless special circumstances require an extension of time of up to an additional 90 days. Prior to the expiration of the initial 90-day period, the Administrator shall notify the claimant of any such special circumstances and the date by which a decision is expected.

 

9


(b)    If the claim is denied, the Administrator shall provide the claimant with a written notice that sets forth (i) the specific reason or reasons for the denial, (ii) reference to the specific Plan provisions on which the denial is based, (iii) a description of any additional materials or information necessary for the claimant to perfect his or her claim and an explanation of why such materials or information is necessary and (iv) a description of this Policy’s review procedures and the time limits applicable to such procedures, including a statement of the claimant’s right to bring a civil action under ERISA following an adverse benefit determination on review.

(c)    The claimant may request review of a denied claim by providing written notice to the Administrator within 60 days of the date of denial. In connection with the request for review, the claimant may submit written comments, documents, records and other information relating to the claim for benefits. The claimant shall also be provided, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of, all documents, records and other information relevant to the claimant’s claim for benefits. The Administrator shall decide whether to affirm or reverse the earlier denial of benefits taking into account all comments, documents, records and other information submitted by the claimant relating to the claim, without regard to whether such information was submitted or considered in the initial benefits determination.

(d)    The Administrator’s decision on review shall be made within 60 days, unless the Administrator determines that special circumstances require an extension of time of up to an additional 60 days. Prior to the expiration of the initial 60-day period, the Administrator shall notify the claimant of any such special circumstances and the date by which a decision is expected. The Administrator shall provide the claimant with written notice of its benefit determination on review. In the event of an adverse claim decision, the notice shall include (i) the specific reason or reasons for the adverse determination, (ii) reference to the specific Plan provisions on which the benefit determination is based, (iii) a statement that the claimant is entitled to receive, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of, all documents, records and other information relevant to the claimant’s claim for benefits and (iv) a statement of the claimant’s right to bring a civil action under ERISA.

(e)    The procedure set forth in this Section 18 is intended to comply with U.S. Department of Labor Regulation Section 2560.503-1 and shall be construed in accordance with such regulation. Subject to the last sentence of Section 15(b), all decisions on review shall be final and bind all parties concerned.

19.         Resolution of Disputes . Subject to a Participant’s exhaustion of the administrative remedies under Section 18 with respect to any claim for benefits under this Policy, any controversy or dispute between the parties involving the construction, interpretation, application or performance of the terms of this Policy or in any way arising under the Policy shall be settled by arbitration pursuant to the terms of a Participant’s Release.

20.         Notices . Any notice or communication required or permitted to be given under this Policy shall be delivered personally or via an overnight courier service or be sent by United States registered or certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested,

 

10


and addressed or delivered as follows: (i) any notice to a Participant shall be delivered to the Participant’s most recent address on file with the Company and (ii) any notice to the Company shall be delivered to the Administrator at the following address: General Counsel, Allergan, Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California 92612, or to such other address as either the Company or the Participant shall have furnished to the other in writing in accordance herewith.

21.         Severability . In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Policy shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Policy, but this Policy shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein and there shall be deemed substituted for such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision such other provision as will most nearly accomplish the intent of the parties to the extent permitted by the applicable law. In case this Policy, or any one or more of the provisions hereof, shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable within any governmental jurisdiction or subdivision thereof, this Policy or any such provision thereof shall not as a consequence thereof be deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any other governmental jurisdiction or subdivision thereof.

22.         Taxation . Regardless of any action the Company or an affiliate takes with respect to any or all income tax, employment tax, or other tax-related items related to Participant’s participation in the Policy and legally applicable to Participant (“Tax-Related Items”), the ultimate liability for all Tax-Related Items is and remains Participant’s responsibility and may exceed the amount actually withheld by the Company or an affiliate. The Company and/or the affiliate (1) make no representations or undertakings regarding the treatment of any Tax-Related Items with respect to the Policy; and (2) do not commit to and are under no obligation to structure the terms of any payment under the Policy to reduce or eliminate Participant’s liability for Tax-Related Items or achieve any particular tax result. Further, if Participant is subject to tax in more than one jurisdiction, the Company and/or an affiliate (which may be a former employer, as applicable) may be required to withhold or account for Tax-Related Items in more than one jurisdiction. Finally, all payment amounts are subject to tax withholding as necessary to satisfy any Tax-Related Items in accordance with applicable law.

 

11


23.         Section 409A .

(a)    The Company intends that any payments, benefits or reimbursements that a Participant may become entitled to receive under this Policy be exempt from or comply with Section 409A of the Code and guidance promulgated thereunder (“Section 409A”). The provisions of this Section 22 shall qualify and supersede all other provisions of this Policy as necessary to fulfill the foregoing intent.

(b)    If a Participant is a “specified employee” (determined by the Company in accordance with Section 409A) as of the date that the Participant incurs a Qualifying Termination, and if any payment, benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided under this Policy both (i) constitutes a “deferral of compensation” within the meaning of and subject to Section 409A (“Nonqualified Deferred Compensation”) and (ii) cannot be paid or provided in a manner otherwise provided herein without subjecting the Participant to additional tax, interest and/or penalties under Section 409A, then any such payment, benefit or reimbursement that is payable during the first 6 months following the Participant’s Qualifying Termination shall be paid or provided to the Participant in a cash lump-sum payment to be made on the earlier of (x) the Participant’s death and (y) the first business day of the seventh month immediately following the Participant’s “separation from service” within the meaning of Section 409A (“Separation from Service”).

(c)    To the extent any in-kind benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided under this Policy constitutes Nonqualified Deferred Compensation, (i) the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement or the provision of any in-kind benefit (within the meaning of Section 409A) to a Participant during any calendar year shall not affect the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement or provided as in-kind benefits to the Participant in any other calendar year (subject to any lifetime and other annual limits provided under the Company’s health plans), (ii) any reimbursements for expenses incurred by the Participant shall be made on or before the last day of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the applicable expense is incurred, (iii) the Participant shall not be entitled to any in-kind benefits or reimbursement for any expenses incurred subsequent to the end of the tenth calendar year following the calendar year in which the Participant incurs a Qualifying Termination and (iv) the right to any such reimbursement or in-kind benefit may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.

(d)    Any payment, benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided under this Policy above due to a Qualifying Termination that is exempt from Section 409A pursuant to Treasury Regulation Section 1.409A-1(b)(9)(v) shall be paid or provided to a Participant only to the extent that such payment or benefit is provided, or reimbursable expense is incurred, no later than the last day of the Participant’s second taxable year following the Participant’s taxable year in which the Participant incurs a Qualifying Termination; provided, further, that the Company shall reimburse any such reimbursable expenses no later than the last day of the third taxable year following the Participant’s taxable year in which the Participant incurs a Qualifying Termination.

 

12


(e)    Any reimbursement, payment or benefit to be paid or provided under this Policy that constitutes Nonqualified Deferred Compensation due upon a Qualifying Termination shall be paid or provided to a Participant only if the Participant’s Qualifying Termination constitutes a Separation from Service.

24.         Construction . All references to “Company” in Sections 10-14 of the Policy shall be read to include both the Company or an affiliate, as applicable. In no event shall any section of this Policy be construed as the Company having an employment relationship with any Participant which is employed by an affiliate.

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Allergan, Inc. hereby executes this instrument, evidencing the terms of the Allergan, Inc. Change in Control Policy this 18th day of December , 2010.

 

Allergan, Inc.
By:   /s/ Scott D. Sherman

Scott D. Sherman

Executive Vice President, Human Resources

 

13


Appendix A-1

For purposes of Section 7 of this Policy, the multiplier for a Participant in Grade 10 or 11 as of the date of such Participant’s Qualifying Termination shall be one (1).

Appendix A-2

For purposes of Section 7 of this Policy, the multiplier for a Participant in Grade, 12, 13, or 14 as of the date of such Participant’s Qualifying Termination shall be two (2).

Appendix A-3

For purposes of Section 7 of this Policy, the multiplier for a Participant who holds the title of: (i) Chief Executive Officer; (ii) President, Allergan, or (iii) Executive Vice President (or any successor position thereto) as of the date of such Participant’s Qualifying Termination shall be three (3).

 

A-1


APPENDIX B

SEVERANCE AND GENERAL RELEASE AGREEMENT

This Severance and General Release Agreement (this “Agreement”) is entered into by and between Allergan, Inc. (the “Company”) and [__________________________] (the “Employee”), collectively referred to as the “Parties.” This Agreement shall be effective on the date that the Employee signs and dates this Agreement (the “Agreement Date”).

 

  1.

Benefits to the Employee .

The Employee’s employment with the Company ended on [ _______________ ] (the “Termination Date”). The Employee acknowledges that the Employee has been paid all wages and/or commissions earned and owed to the Employee up through and including the Termination Date, except for commissions that were not calculable as of the Termination Date. Any earned commissions that were not calculable as of the Termination Date shall be paid to the Employee in accordance with the provisions of the commission plan that applied to the Employee on the Termination Date promptly after such commissions are calculable, and shall be subject to the recovery by the Company of any unrepaid draws or advances against commissions by the Employee. Amounts, if any, owed under Partners for Success, the Management Bonus Plan or the Executive Bonus Plan, as applicable, will be paid in accordance with the terms of the respective plan documents. The Employee also acknowledges that the Employee has been paid for all earned and unused vacation days. In addition to the foregoing, the following benefits to the Employee under this Section 1 shall be provided by the Company under the [Allergan, Inc. Severance Pay Plan] [ OR ] [Allergan, Inc. Executive Severance Pay Plan] [ OR ] [Allergan, Inc. Change in Control Policy] (the “Plan”), provided that such benefits [ (other than benefits under the Management Bonus Plan/Executive Bonus Plan or Partners For Success, as applicable)] shall not be paid unless the Company has received a signed original of this Agreement that becomes irrevocable in accordance with Section 3 below by the 55 th day following the Termination Date.] [ Provided further, however, that this Agreement will not be treated as becoming irrevocable for these purposes prior to the date that is 7 days after the date the Employee provides proof that any pending claim or action has been withdrawn or dismissed as required by Section 6 below.]

 

  a.

The Payment .

The Company will provide the Employee with a payment equal to (indicate dollar amount) $ ________ [ equivalent to (indicate severance period months or weeks) ______ (    ) months/weeks (the “Severance Period”) of the Employee’s final base monthly pay/salary,] less applicable withholding for state and federal taxes (the “Payment”). [ Payment will be made on the first business day of the seventh month immediately following the Termination Date.] [ OR ] [ Payment will be made in a single sum on or about the fifty-fifth (55th) day immediately following the Employee’s

 

2


termination as provided under the terms of the Plan.] [ OR ] [In accordance with the terms of the Plan, the Payment will be made in a single sum on the Company’s first regular payroll date after the eighth calendar day following the Agreement Date, provided, however, that if that date falls after the last payroll date in December and before the first payroll date in January, the Payment will be made on the second regular payroll date in January.] [ OR ] [ In accordance with the terms of the Plan, the first installment of the Payment, or $000.00, will be mailed to the Employee on the first regular Company payroll date after the eighth calendar day following the Agreement Date and the Company’s receipt of the signed original of this Agreement. The second installment of the Payment, or $000.00, will be mailed to the Employee on or about the second regular Company payroll date in 2011.]

 

  b.

Insurance Benefits .

Medical, dental and vision care insurance benefits may be continued through the Severance Period in accordance with the terms of the Plan and the Allergan Welfare Benefits Plan. [ _________(    ) years from your Termination Date.] The Employee shall be responsible for paying the required participant contributions for such continued coverage. Such required contributions shall be deducted from the Payment or, if necessary, paid from other sources in accordance with the terms of the Plan and the Allergan Welfare Benefits Plan. The Employee may elect to continue coverage after the Severance Period at the Employee’s cost in compliance with applicable law(s).

c.    [ Written Document Regarding Acceleration ; No Other Payments or Benefits.

[Except as expressly provided in applicable plan document(s) or award notice(s), or ]Unless the Employee has received a written document executed by the Company’s Vice President, Global Benefits and Compensation or the Company’s General Counsel or the Company’s Executive Vice President of Human Resources on or before the Termination Date stating that the vesting of the Employee’s unvested and outstanding stock, stock options or other equity awards is being accelerated to the Termination Date in accordance with the terms and conditions of the Company’s applicable plan document(s) and award notice(s), the Employee relinquishes and waives any rights and agrees the Employee is not entitled to receive any other wages, remuneration, income, salary, commissions, incentive compensation, restricted stock, stock options, awards, benefits, bonuses or payments of any kind from the Company, other than as enumerated in Section 1, and except for (i) otherwise vested retirement benefits and (ii) stock, stock options and other equity awards that have vested by their terms prior to the Termination Date [without regard to the express conditions for acceleration set forth in the applicable plan document(s) and award notice(s).]

 

3


  d.

[Outplacement Counseling.

The Employee will be eligible for outplacement counseling. The Company will arrange and pay for such counseling with a provider of its choice.]

 

  e.

[PFS Eligibility .

Whether or not Employee executes this Agreement, the Employee is eligible for Partners For Success (“PFS”) consideration. The PFS payment, if any, will be subject to all terms and conditions of the Partners for Success Plan, will be made during the normal bonus cycle in the amount applicable to the Employee’s final pay grade as provided in the plan document, will be prorated for the number of full months that the Employee was employed during the bonus calculation year.]

 

  f. [Management Bonus Plan .

Whether or not Employee executes this Agreement, the Employee is eligible for Management Bonus Plan consideration. The Employee will only receive a Management Bonus Plan payment if such payments are announced and made to other Management Bonus Plan eligible employees, and the Management Bonus Plan payment will be made at the same time such payments are made to other Management Bonus Plan eligible employees. The Employee’s Management Bonus Plan payment, if any, will be subject to all terms and conditions of the Management Bonus Plan.]

[Executive Bonus Plan .

Whether or not Employee executes this Agreement, the Employee may receive benefits under the Executive Bonus Plan in accordance with the terms of that Plan.]

 

  2.

Future Employment .

The Employee understands and agrees that while the Employee may apply for future employment with the Company or its successors, affiliates or subsidiaries, the Employee has no right to such future employment and such entity may, in its sole discretion, deny the Employee’s employment application. The Employee further understands and agrees that in the event the Employee obtains employment with the Company or its successors, affiliates or subsidiaries, such entity may, in its sole discretion, terminate the Employee’s employment.

 

  3.

Release of the Company .

a.     General Release . In exchange for the Payment and benefits set forth in Section 1 , the Employee hereby releases and forever discharges the Company, its parents, subsidiaries, predecessors, successors and each of their associates, owners, stockholders,

 

4


members, assigns, employees, agents, directors, officers, partners, representatives, lawyers, and all persons acting by, through, under, or in concert with them, or any of them (collectively the “Releasees”), of and from any and all manner of waivable action or actions, causes or causes of action, in law or in equity, suits, debts, liens, contracts, agreements, promises, liabilities, claims, demands, damages, losses, costs or expenses, of any nature whatsoever, known or unknown, fixed or contingent (hereinafter called “Claims”), which the Employee now has or may hereafter have against the Releasees by reason of any and all acts, omissions, events or facts occurring or existing prior to the date hereof, except as expressly provided herein. The Claims released by this Agreement include, without limitation, breach of any contract, including any employment agreement; breach of any covenant of good faith and fair dealing, express or implied; legal restrictions relating to an employer’s ability to terminate its employees; violation of any federal, state or local statute, ordinance or regulation, including, without limitation, Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964, as amended, the Age Discrimination in Employment Act, the Americans With Disabilities Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the Fair Labor Standards Act, and any other or similar state laws prohibiting discrimination, harassment and retaliation and governing wages, hours and other terms and conditions of employment. This Release will not apply to the Employee’s right to receive the Payment and other benefits provided for in this Agreement or to retirement benefits that have vested and accrued prior to the Termination Date, or prohibit the Employee from participating in the investigation of an administrative charge or complaint by a state or federal agency.

 

  b.

Release of Unknown Claims .

THE EMPLOYEE ACKNOWLEDGES THAT THE EMPLOYEE IS RELEASING CLAIMS THE EMPLOYEE MAY NOT KNOW ABOUT AND THAT THIS IS THE EMPLOYEE’S KNOWING AND VOLUNTARY INTENT. THEREFORE, THE EMPLOYEE WAIVES ALL RIGHTS THE EMPLOYEE MAY HAVE UNDER ANY LAW DESIGNED TO PROTECT THE WAIVER OF UNKNOWN CLAIMS, SUCH AS CALIFORNIA CIVIL CODE SECTION 1542, WHICH PROVIDES AS FOLLOWS:

A GENERAL RELEASE DOES NOT EXTEND TO CLAIMS WHICH THE CREDITOR DOES NOT KNOW OR SUSPECT TO EXIST IN HIS OR HER FAVOR AT THE TIME OF EXECUTING THE RELEASE, WHICH IF KNOWN BY HIM OR HER MUST HAVE MATERIALLY AFFECTED HIS OR HER SETTLEMENT WITH THE DEBTOR.

 

  c.

[Older Worker’s Benefit Protection Act.

The Employee agrees and expressly acknowledges that this Agreement includes a waiver and release of all claims which the Employee has or may have under the Age Discrimination in Employment Act of 1967, as amended, 29 U.S.C.§621, et seq. (“ADEA”). The following terms and conditions apply to and are part of the waiver and release of the ADEA claims under this Agreement:

(i) That this paragraph and this Agreement are written in a manner calculated to be understood by the Employee.

 

5


(ii) The waiver and release of claims under the ADEA contained in this Agreement do not cover rights or claims that may arise after the Agreement Date.

(iii) This Agreement provides for consideration in addition to anything of value to which the Employee is already entitled.

(iv) The Employee is advised to consult an attorney before signing this Agreement.

(v) [The Employee has been given twenty-one (21) calendar days after being presented with this Agreement to decide whether or not to sign this Agreement. If the Employee signs this Agreement before the expiration of such period, the Employee does so voluntarily and after having had the opportunity to consult with an attorney.]

(vi) [The Employee has been provided with required disclosures concerning those employees who are eligible to participate in this employment termination program and their ages, and has been given forty-five (45) calendar days after being presented with the disclosures and this Agreement to decide whether or not to sign this Agreement. If the Employee signs this Agreement before the expiration of such period, the Employee does so voluntarily and after having had the opportunity to consult with an attorney.]

(vi) The Employee will have the right to revoke this Agreement within seven (7) calendar days of the Agreement Date. In the event this Agreement is revoked, this Agreement will be null and void in its entirety and the Employee will not receive the Payment or other benefits provided for in this Agreement.

(vii) If the Employee wishes to revoke this Agreement, the Employee must deliver written notice of revocation to [ ________ ], [ ________ ] at Allergan, Inc., 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California 92612 before 5:00 p.m. PST on the seventh (7 th ) calendar day after the Agreement Date.]

 

  4.

No Assignment of Claims .

The Employee represents and warrants to the Releasees that there has been no assignment or other transfer of any interest in any Claim which the Employee may have against the Releasees by the Employee, or any of them, and the Employee agrees to indemnify and hold the Releasees harmless from any liability, claims, demands, damages, costs, expenses and attorneys’ fees incurred as a result of any person asserting any such assignment or transfer of any rights or Claims under any such assignment or transfer from such party.

 

6


5.     [No Suits or Actions.

The Employee represents that no claims, actions or charges have been filed against the Releasees by the Employee, and that the Employee is not aware of any facts that would support any Claims or any compliance-related or Code of Ethics violations of any kind whatsoever against the Releasees, including without limitation any Claims for any work-related injuries. If the Employee hereafter commences, joins in, or in any manner seeks relief through any suit arising out of, based upon, or relating to any of the Claims released in this Agreement, or in any manner asserts against the Releasees any of the Claims released in this Agreement, then the Employee agrees to pay to the Releasees against whom such Claim(s) is asserted, in addition to any other damages caused thereby, all attorneys’ fees incurred by the Releasees in defending or otherwise responding to the suit or Claim; provided, however, that this provision shall not obligate the Employee to pay the Releasees’ attorneys’ fees in any action challenging the release of claims under the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act or the ADEA, unless otherwise allowed by law.]

6.     [Dismissal of Pending Actions; No Other Suits or Actions .

Other than [ ___________________ ] (the “Pending Action”), which must be withdrawn and/or dismissed with prejudice as a condition of receiving the Payment and other benefits under this Agreement, the Employee represents that no claims, actions or charges have been filed against the Releasees by the Employee, and that the Employee is not aware of any facts that would support any other claims of any kind whatsoever against the Releasees, including without limitation any Claims for any work-related injuries. The Company will not be required to make the Payment or provide any of the other benefits under this Agreement unless the Company’s counsel receives, within 48 days of the Termination Date, an original of a request for withdrawal and/or dismissal with prejudice of the Pending Action in a form acceptable to the Company’s counsel signed by the Employee or the Employee’s counsel. If the Employee hereafter commences, joins in, or in any manner seeks relief though any suit rising out of, based upon, or relating to any of the Claims released in this Agreement or in any manner asserts against the Releasees any of the Claims released in this Agreement, including by any attempt to reopen, have reconsidered or appeal the dismissal of the Pending Action, then the Employee agrees to pay to the Releasees against whom such Claim(s) is asserted, in addition to any other damages caused thereby, all attorneys’ fees incurred by the Releasees in defending or otherwise responding to the suit or Claim; provided, however, that this provision shall not obligate the Employee to pay the Releasees’ attorneys’ fees in any action challenging the release of claims under the Older Workers Benefit Protection Act or the ADEA, unless otherwise allowed by law.]

7.     No Admission .

The Employee understands and agrees that neither the payment of money or benefits nor the execution of this Agreement will constitute or be construed as an admission of any liability or wrongdoing whatsoever by any of the Releasees.

 

7


8.     Advice of Counsel .

Employee represents and warrants that the Employee has read this Agreement, has had adequate time to consider it, has been advised to consult with an attorney prior to executing this Agreement, understands the meaning and application of this Agreement and has signed this Agreement knowingly, voluntarily and of the Employee’s own free will with the intent of being bound by it.

9.     Severability; Modification of Agreement .

If any provision of this Agreement is found invalid or unenforceable in whole or in part, then such provisions shall be deemed to be modified or restricted to the extent and in the manner necessary to render the same valid and enforceable or shall be deemed excised from this Agreement as such circumstances may require, and this Agreement shall be construed and enforced to the maximum extent permitted by law as if such provision had been originally incorporated herein as so modified or restricted or as if such provision had not been originally incorporated herein, as the case may be.

10.     Arbitration; Waiver of Jury Trial .

Except for claims by either of the Parties hereto for emergency equitable or injunctive relief which cannot be timely addressed through arbitration, the Parties hereby agree to submit any claim or dispute between them and any of the Releasees who agree to participate in arbitration, including those arising out of the terms of this Agreement and/or any dispute arising out of or relating to the Employee’s employment with the Company, to private and confidential arbitration by a single neutral arbitrator through Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services (“JAMS”). The arbitration proceedings shall be governed by the then current JAMS rules governing employment disputes, and shall take place in Orange County, California, which the Employee represents is a convenient location for the Employee. The decision of the arbitrator shall be final and binding on the Parties to this Agreement and any of the Releasees who agrees to arbitration, and judgment thereon may be entered in any court having jurisdiction. All costs of the arbitration proceeding or litigation to enforce this Agreement, including attorneys’ fees and witness expense fees, shall be paid as the arbitrator or court awards in accordance with applicable law. To the extent required by law, the Company will advance fees payable to JAMS. Except for claims for emergency equitable or injunctive relief, which cannot be timely addressed through arbitration, this arbitration procedure is intended to be the exclusive method of resolving any claim relating to the obligations set forth in this Agreement. The Parties hereby waive any right to a jury trial on any dispute or Claim covered by this Agreement.

11.     Confidentiality .

The Company and the Employee have entered into this Agreement with the understanding that this Agreement and its terms will remain confidential in their entirety, except as required by law. The Employee agrees that the Employee will keep strictly confidential all facts and opinions related to this Agreement and to any dispute with any of the Releasees. The Employee will not disclose the existence or terms of this Agreement to any person other than the Employee’s counsel, accountant and/or tax advisor; provided that such counsel, accountant and

 

8


tax advisor agree that they will also be bound by the confidentiality provisions of this Agreement, except to the extent necessary to obtain an order enforcing the terms of this Agreement, or as otherwise required by law. The Company will not disclose the existence or terms of this Agreement to anyone other than its counsel, auditors, tax advisors, insurers, or employees with a business need to know; provided that such counsel, auditors, tax advisors, insurers and employees agree that they will also be bound by the confidentiality provisions of this Agreement, except to the extent necessary to obtain an order enforcing the terms of this Agreement, or as otherwise required by law. The Employee and the Employee’s representatives shall make no public announcements or publications, or hold any press conferences concerning this Agreement or any dispute between them or between the Employee or any of the other Releasees.

In the event of any disclosure authorized by this Agreement, the party disclosing the terms shall inform the recipient that the terms of this Agreement are confidential and that they shall not be further disclosed. In the event that disclosure of the terms of this Agreement are sought in any manner by any person who is not a party to this Agreement, the party from whom disclosure is sought will promptly notify the other party that such disclosure has been requested and will cooperate with the other party in opposing the disclosure to the fullest extent permitted by law. The Parties agree that they will not make any statements concerning this Agreement or the status of any dispute between them other than to state that “the matter has been resolved.”

12.     Successors and Assigns .

This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by the Parties hereto and their respective successors and assigns. Notwithstanding the foregoing, neither this Agreement nor any rights hereunder may be assigned to any party by any party without the prior written consent of all other parties hereto.

13.     Reference Checks .

All reference checks and inquiries verifying employment should be directed by the Employee to the Company’s Human Resources Department. If requested, the Company will provide a reference letter verifying the Employee’s date of hire, Termination Date, final job title, and final salary.

14.     Expenses .

The Employee understands and agrees that, after the Termination Date, the Employee may not and will not incur expenses on behalf of the Company, nor will the Employee have authority to act on behalf of the Company. Any pay advances to the Employee must be repaid by the Termination Date. Any loans to the Employee must be repaid in accordance with their terms.

15.     Company Information .

The Employee acknowledges that, during the term of the Employee’s employment, the Employee had, and that during the Severance Period and subsequent thereto may have, access to information that is confidential and/or proprietary to the Company,

 

9


including but not limited to, trade secrets, technical data or know-how relating to investigational or marketed products, research, and marketing plans, customer lists, manufacturing processes, information concerning the skills and qualifications of Company employees, and other information of a business, financial or technical nature (not already publicly available in a reasonably integrated form), and that such information is and will remain at all times the exclusive property of the Company. The Employee agrees to maintain such information in confidence and will not disclose such information to anyone else, nor use it for the Employee’s own benefit or for the benefit of other individuals or organizations. This section does not supersede any agreement relating to confidential or proprietary information previously entered into by the Employee. Instead, any such agreement is incorporated herein as if fully set forth.

[The Employee agrees that the Employee shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as hereinafter defined). The Employee agrees that, upon termination of Employee’s employment with the Company, all Confidential Information in the Employee’s possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Company and shall not be retained by the Employee or furnished to any third party, in any form, except as provided herein; provided , however , that the Employee shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Company copies of any Confidential Information that (a) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to the Employee, (b) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of the Change in Control Policy or any other duty owed to the Company by any person or entity, or (c) is lawfully disclosed to the Employee by a third party. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to the Employee or known by the Employee as a consequence of or through the Employee’s relationship with the Company about the products, research and development efforts, regulatory efforts, manufacturing processes, customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, of the Company. ]

16.     Company Property .

The Employee agrees to return all Company property in the Employee’s possession on or before the Termination Date. This includes, but is not limited to, credit, phone and travel cards, building and card keys, office equipment such as calculators, dictation equipment, computers, modems, and all other items which are Company property. This also includes any report, customer list, price list, files, notebooks or other materials pertaining to the Company’s business which are in the Employee’s possession or under the Employee’s control.

17.     [Non-Solicitation Covenant. The Employee agrees that, for the period commencing on the date of termination of the Employee’s employment with the Company and ending on the first anniversary thereof, the Employee shall not, either on the Employee’s own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Company any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an

 

10


officer or employee of the Company; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Company responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Agreement.]

18.     Headings .

The headings in this Agreement are for convenience only, and shall not be given any affect in the interpretation of this Agreement.

19.     Entire Agreement; No Oral Modification .

The Parties each represent and warrant that this Agreement constitutes the entire agreement relating to the subject matter hereof, that no promise or inducement has been offered or made except as set forth herein and that the consideration stated herein is the sole consideration for this Agreement. This Agreement may not be modified other than in a writing signed by both Parties and stating its intent to modify or supersede this Agreement.

20.     Choice of Law .

The parties agree that this Agreement shall be construed and enforced in accordance with applicable federal laws and the laws of the State of California.

21.     Counterparts; Facsimile Signature .

This Agreement may be executed in one or more counterparts, each of which shall constitute an original but all of which shall be but one and the same Agreement. Delivery of a facsimile signature page shall be deemed to be delivery of a manually executed original.

 

      Allergan, Inc.
          By:    
Employee      
      Title:    
       
Date:         Date:    

 

11

EXHIBIT 10.3

CHANGE IN CONTROL AGREEMENT

This Agreement (“Agreement”) dated as of [ ________________ ], is entered into by and between [ ________________ ] (“Employee”), and Allergan, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and amends, restates and supersedes the existing change in control agreement dated [ ________________ ], between Employee and the Company, in order to conform the terms of that agreement with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

RECITALS

The Company believes that because of its position in the industry, financial resources and historical operating results there is a possibility that the Company may become the subject of a Change in Control (as defined below), either now or at some time in the future.

The Company believes that it is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders to foster Employee’s objectivity in making decisions with respect to any pending or threatened Change in Control of the Company and to assure that the Company will have the continued dedication and availability of Employee as an employee of the Company or one of its affiliates, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change in Control. The Company believes that these goals can be accomplished by alleviating certain of the risks and uncertainties with regard to Employee’s financial and professional security that would be created by a pending or threatened Change in Control and that inevitably would distract Employee and could impair his or her ability to objectively perform his or her duties for and on behalf of the Company. Accordingly, the Company believes that it is appropriate and in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders to provide to Employee compensation arrangements upon a Change in Control that lessen Employee’s financial risks and uncertainties and that are competitive with those of other corporations.

With these and other considerations in mind, the Board of Directors of the Company, acting through its Organization and Compensation Committee, has authorized the Company to enter into this Agreement with Employee to provide the protections set forth herein for Employee’s financial security following a Change in Control.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, it is hereby agreed as follows:

1.     Term of Agreement .    This Agreement shall be effective for the period commencing on the date first written above and ending on the second anniversary of such date. The Company may, in its sole discretion and for any reason, provide written notice of termination (effective as of the then applicable expiration date) to Employee no later than 60 days before the expiration date of this Agreement. If written notice is not so provided, this Agreement shall be automatically extended for an additional period of 12 months past the expiration date. This Agreement shall continue to be automatically extended for an additional 12 months at the end of such 12-month period and each succeeding 12-month period unless notice is given in the manner described in this


Section. No termination of this Agreement shall affect Employee’s rights hereunder with respect to a Change in Control which has occurred prior to such termination.

2.     Purpose of Agreement .    The purpose of this Agreement is to provide that, in the event of a “Change in Control,” Employee may become entitled to receive certain additional benefits, as described herein, in the event of his or her termination.

3.     Change in Control .    As used in this Agreement, the phrase “Change in Control” shall mean the following and shall be deemed to occur if any of the following events occur:

(a)    Any “person,” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (a “Person”), is or becomes the “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act (a “Beneficial Owner”), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing (i) 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities, which acquisition is not approved in advance of the acquisition or within 30 days after the acquisition by a majority of the Incumbent Board (as hereinafter defined) or (ii) 33% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities, without regard to whether such acquisition is approved by the Incumbent Board;

(b)    Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Incumbent Board”), cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors, provided that any person becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, is approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (other than an election or nomination of an individual whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest relating to the election of the directors of the Company, as such terms are used Rule 14a-11 of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act) shall, for the purposes of this Agreement, be considered as though such person were a member of the Incumbent Board of the Company;

(c)    The consummation of a merger, consolidation or reorganization involving the Company, other than one which satisfies both of the following conditions:

(1)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of another entity) at least 55% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Company or such other entity resulting from the merger, consolidation or reorganization (the “Surviving Corporation”) outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or reorganization and being held in substantially the same proportion as the ownership in the Company’s voting securities immediately before such merger, consolidation or reorganization, and


(2)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization in which no Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities; or

(d)    The stockholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or other disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Section, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this Section is (1) an underwriter or underwriting syndicate that has acquired the ownership of any of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities solely in connection with a public offering of the Company’s securities, (2) the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or (3) an employee stock ownership plan or other employee benefit plan maintained by the Company (or any of its affiliated companies) that is qualified under the provisions of the Code. In addition, notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Section, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this Section becomes a Beneficial Owner of more than the permitted amount of outstanding securities as a result of the acquisition of voting securities by the Company which, by reducing the number of voting securities outstanding, increases the proportional number of shares beneficially owned by such Person, provided, that if a Change in Control would occur but for the operation of this sentence and such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional voting securities (other than through the exercise of options granted under any stock option plan of the Company or through a stock dividend or stock split), then a Change in Control shall occur.

4.     Effect of a Change in Control .    In the event of a Change in Control, Sections 6 through 10 of this Agreement shall become applicable to Employee. These Sections shall continue to remain applicable until the second anniversary of the date upon which the Change in Control occurs. At that point, so long as the employment of Employee has not been terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination, as defined in Section 5, this Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force. If Employee’s employment with the Company and its affiliated companies is terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination on or before such date, this Agreement shall remain in effect until Employee receives the various benefits to which he or she has become entitled under the terms of this Agreement.

5.     Qualifying Termination .    If, subsequent to a Change in Control Employee’s employment with the Company and its affiliated companies is terminated, such termination shall be considered a Qualifying Termination unless:

(a)    Employee voluntarily terminates his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies. Employee, however, shall not be considered to have voluntarily terminated his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies if, following the Change in Control, Employee’s overall compensation is reduced or adversely modified in any material respect or Employee’s duties are materially changed, and subsequent to such reduction, modification or change, Employee elects to terminate his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies. For such purposes,


Employee’s duties shall be considered to have been “materially changed” if, without Employee’s express written consent, there is any substantial diminution or adverse modification in Employee’s overall position, responsibilities or reporting relationship, or if, without Employee’s express written consent, Employee’s job location is transferred to a site more than 50 miles away from his or her place of employment prior to the Change in Control.

(b)    The termination is on account of Employee’s death or Disability. For such purposes, “Disability” shall mean a physical or mental incapacity as a result of which Employee becomes unable to continue the performance of his or her responsibilities for the Company and its affiliated companies and which, at least 26 weeks after its commencement, is determined to be total and permanent by a physician agreed to by the Company and Employee, or in the event of Employee’s inability to designate a physician, Employee’s legal representative. In the absence of agreement between the Company and Employee, each party shall nominate a qualified physician and the two physicians so nominated shall select a third physician who shall make the determination as to Disability.

(c)    Employee is involuntarily terminated for “cause.” For this purpose, “cause” shall be limited to only three types of events:

(1)    the willful refusal of Employee to comply with a lawful, written instruction of the Board so long as the instruction is consistent with the scope and responsibilities of Employee’s position prior to the Change in Control;

(2)    dishonesty by Employee which results in a material financial loss to the Company (or to any of its affiliated companies) or material injury to its public reputation (or to the public reputation of any of its affiliated companies); or

(3)    Employee’s conviction of any felony involving an act of moral turpitude.

In addition, notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, if Employee’s employment is terminated prior to a Change in Control and it is determined that such termination (i) was at the request of a third party who has indicated an intention or taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change in Control and who subsequently effectuates a Change in Control (a “Third Party”) or (ii) otherwise occurred in connection with, or in anticipation of, a Change in Control which actually occurs, then, for all purposes of this Agreement, the date of a Change in Control with respect to Employee shall mean the date immediately prior to the date of such termination of Employee’s employment.

6.     Severance Payment .    If Employee’s employment is terminated as a result of a Qualifying Termination, the Company shall pay Employee on the fifty-fifth (55 th ) day after the Qualifying Termination a cash lump sum equal to [ ___________ ] times Employee’s “Compensation” (the “Severance Payment”).

(a)    For purposes of this Agreement, and subject to Sections 6 (b), (c) and (d), below, Employee’s “Compensation” shall equal the sum of (i) Employee’s


highest annual salary rate within the five-year period ending on the date of Employee’s Qualifying Termination plus (ii) a “Management Bonus Increment.” The Management Bonus Increment shall equal the average of the two highest of the last five bonuses paid to Employee under the Management Bonus Plan or any successor thereto.

(b)    If Employee has not participated in the Management Bonus Plan (including any successor thereto) for at least two full plan years, then the missing bonus component(s) will be computed, for purposes of calculating the Management Bonus Increment under this Agreement, by reference to the guideline percentage for officers at Employee’s grade level for the most recently completed bonus period, assuming a 100% target bonus for both corporate and individual objectives.

(c)    If Employee’s normal severance payment under the Company’s applicable severance pay policies for a reduction in force would be greater than the Compensation described in Section 6(a), above, then Employee’s “Compensation” for purposes of Section 6(a) shall be such greater amount.

(d)    The Severance Payment hereunder is in lieu of any severance payment that Employee might otherwise be entitled to from the Company under the Company’s applicable severance pay policies.

7.     Incentive Compensation Grants .    Employee may have received stock option grants and grants of restricted stock awards under the Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan or other incentive compensation plans of the Company (collectively the “Incentive Plans”). In the event of a Qualifying Termination, the Company agrees that any and all such stock options or restricted stock awards that are outstanding at the time of such termination and that have not previously become exercisable, payable or free from restrictions, as the case may be, shall immediately become exercisable, payable or free from restrictions (other than restrictions required by applicable law or any national securities exchange upon which any securities of the Company are then listed), as the case may be, in their entirety, and that the exercise period of any stock option granted pursuant to any of the Incentive Plans shall continue for the length of the exercise period specified in the grant of the award determined without regard to Employee’s termination of employment.

8.     Retirement Plan .    In addition to any retirement benefits that might otherwise be due Employee under the Allergan, Inc. Savings and Investment Plan or any successor qualified defined contribution plan(s) maintained by the Company (the “SIP”) or under the Allergan, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan or any successor supplemental employee retirement plan(s) maintained by the Company (the “EDCP”), Employee shall receive additional payments from the Company calculated as set forth in this Section if Employee is terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination. In each of the [ __________ ] calendar year(s) subsequent to the date of the Qualifying Termination, the Company shall pay Employee an amount equal to (1) the Employer’s “Retirement Contributions” (not including matching contributions) that would have been allocated to the Employee’s account in the SIP as of the last day of the SIP Plan Year preceding that calendar year if Employee had continued working through the end of such Plan Year; and (2) the “Retirement Contribution Restoration Credits” that would have been credited to the Employee’s EDCP account for such Plan Year. For the purpose of


the preceding sentence, Employee shall be deemed to have received “Compensation” under the SIP and the EDCP for the period subsequent to the Qualifying Termination at an annual rate equal to his or her Compensation, as calculated under Section 6(a) of this Agreement.

9.     Additional Benefits .    In the event of a Qualifying Termination, Employee shall be entitled to continue to participate in all of the employee benefit programs available to Employee before the Qualifying Termination, including but not limited to, group medical insurance, group dental insurance, group-term life insurance, disability insurance, flat miscellaneous allowance, and tax and financial planning. In addition, Employee shall receive Executive Outplacement benefits of a type and duration generally provided to executives at Employee’s level. These programs shall be continued at no cost to Employee, except to the extent that tax rules require the inclusion of the value of such benefits in Employee’s income. The programs shall be continued in the same way and at the same level as immediately prior to the Qualifying Termination. If Employee is employed by an affiliate of the Company that does not provide the additional benefits enumerated, Employee shall be entitled to continue to participate in the employee benefit programs in which Employee had been participating prior to the Qualifying Termination. The programs shall continue for [ _________ ] year(s).

10.     Indemnification for Excise Tax .    In the event that Employee becomes entitled to receive a Severance Payment in accordance with the provisions of Section 6 above, and such Severance Payment or any other benefits or payments (including transfers of Property) that Employee receives, or is to receive, pursuant to this Agreement or any other agreement, plan or arrangement with the Company in connection with a Change in Control of the Company (“Other Benefits”) shall be subject to the tax imposed pursuant to Section 4999 of the Code (or any successor thereto) or any comparable provision of state law (an “Excise Tax”), the following rules shall apply:

(a)    The Company shall pay to Employee an additional amount (the “Gross-Up Payment”) such that the net amount retained by Employee, after deduction of any Excise Tax with respect to the Severance Payments or the Other Benefits and any federal, state and local income tax, employment tax and Excise Tax upon such Gross-Up Payment, is equal to the amount that would have been retained by Employee if such Excise Tax were not applicable, as determined by the accounting firm (the “Auditors”) serving as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm immediately prior to the Change in Control. It is intended that Employee shall not suffer any loss or expense resulting from the assessment of any Excise Tax or the Company’s reimbursement of Employee for payment of any such Excise Tax.

(b)    For purposes of determining whether any of the Severance Payments or Other Benefits will be subject to an Excise Tax and the amount of such Excise Tax, (i) any other payment or benefits received or to be received by Employee in connection with a Change in Control of the Company or Employee’s termination of employment (whether pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any other plan, arrangement or agreement with the Company, any person whose actions result in a Change in Control or any person affiliated with the Company or such person) shall be treated as “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (or any successor thereto), and all “excess parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code (or any


successor thereto) shall be treated as subject to the Excise Tax, unless in the opinion of tax counsel selected by the Auditors and acceptable to Employee such other payments or benefits (in whole or in part) do not constitute parachute payments, or such excess parachute payments (in whole or in part) represent reasonable compensation for services actually rendered within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(4) of the Code (or any successor thereto), (ii) the amount of the Severance Payments and Other Benefits which shall be treated as subject to the Excise Tax shall be equal to the lesser of (A) the total amount of the Severance Payments or Other Benefits or (B) the amount of excess parachute payments within the meaning of Sections 280G(b)(1) and (4) of the Code (or any successor or successors thereto), after applying clause (i), above, and (iii) the value of any non-cash benefits or any deferred payment or benefit shall be determined by the Auditors in accordance with the principles of Sections 280G(d)(3) and (4) of the Code (or any successor or successors thereto).

(c)    In the event that the Excise Tax is subsequently determined to be less than the amount taken into account hereunder at the time of Employee’s Qualifying Termination, Employee shall repay to the Company, at the time that the amount of such reduction in Excise Tax is finally determined, the portion of the Gross-Up Payment attributable to such reduction plus interest on the amount of such repayment at the rate provided in Section 1274(b)(2)(B) of the Code (or any successor thereto) (the “Applicable Rate”). In the event that the Excise Tax is determined to exceed the amount taken into account hereunder at the time of such Qualifying Termination (including by reason of any payment the existence or amount of which cannot be determined at the time of the Gross-Up Payment), the Company shall make an additional Gross-Up Payment in respect of such excess at the time that the amount of such excess is finally determined.

11.     Rights and Obligations Prior to a Change in Control .    Except as otherwise provided in the last paragraph of Section 5, prior to a Change in Control, the rights and obligations of Employee with respect to his or her employment by the Company shall be determined in accordance with the policies and procedures adopted from time to time by the Company and the provisions of any written employment contract in effect between the Company and Employee from time to time. Except as otherwise provided in the last paragraph of Section 5, this Agreement deals only with certain rights and obligations of Employee subsequent to a Change in Control, and the existence of this Agreement shall not be treated as raising any inference with respect to what rights and obligations exist prior to a Change in Control. Unless otherwise expressly set forth in a separate employment agreement between Employee and the Company, the employment of Employee is at-will, and Employee or the Company may terminate Employee’s employment with the Company at any time and for any reason, with or without cause, provided that if such termination occurs within two years after a Change in Control and constitutes a Qualifying Termination (as defined in Section 5 above) the provisions of this Agreement shall govern the payment of the Severance Payment and certain other benefits as provided herein.

12.     Non-Exclusivity of Rights .    Subject to Section 6(d) above, nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit Employee’s continuing or future participation in any benefit, bonus, incentive or other plan or program provided by the Company or any of its affiliated companies and for which Employee may qualify, nor shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as Employee may have under any stock option or other


agreements with the Company or any of its affiliated companies. Except as otherwise provided in Section 6(d) above, amounts which are vested benefits or which Employee is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan or program of the Company or any of its affiliated companies at or subsequent to the date of any Qualified Termination shall be payable in accordance with such plan or program.

13.     Confidentiality Covenant .    Employee hereby agrees that Employee shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as hereinafter defined). Employee agrees that, upon termination of Employee’s employment with the Company, all Confidential Information in Employee’s possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Company and shall not be retained by Employee or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided , however , that Employee shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Company copies of any Confidential Information that (i) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to Employee, (ii) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Company by any person or entity, or (iii) is lawfully disclosed to Employee by a third party. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to Employee or known by Employee as a consequence of or through Employee’s relationship with the Company, about the products, research and development efforts, regulatory efforts, manufacturing processes, customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, of the Company and its affiliates.

14.     Non-Solicitation Covenant .    Employee hereby agrees that during Employee’s employment by the Company and for the period commencing on the date of termination of Employee’s employment with the Company and ending on the first anniversary thereof, Employee shall not, either on Employee’s own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Company any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Company; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Company responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 14.

15.     Full Settlement .    The Company’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform its obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counter-claim, recoupment, defense or other claim, right or action which the Company may have against Employee or others. In no event shall Employee be obligated to seek other employment or to take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to Employee under any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company agrees to pay, to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses which Employee may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by Employee about the amount


of any payment pursuant to Section 10 of this Agreement), unless the referee or the court, as the case may be, determines that Employee’s material claims in such contest were frivolous or were asserted in bad faith.

16.     Successors .

(a)    This Agreement is personal to Employee, and without the prior written consent of the Company shall not be assignable by Employee other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by Employee’s legal representatives.

(b)    The rights and obligations of the Company under this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of the Company.

17.     Governing Law .    This Agreement is made and entered into in the State of California, and the laws of California shall govern its validity and interpretation in the performance by the parties hereto of their respective duties and obligations hereunder.

18.     Entire Agreement .    This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties respecting the benefits due Employee in the event of a Change in Control followed by a Qualifying Termination, and there are no representations, warranties or commitments, other than those set forth herein, which relate to such benefits. This Agreement supersedes any and all prior agreements between the parties respecting the benefits due Employee in the event of a Change in Control followed by a Qualifying Termination. This Agreement may be amended or modified only by an instrument in writing executed by all of the parties hereto.

19.     Dispute Resolution .

(a)    Any controversy or dispute between the parties involving the construction, interpretation, application or performance of the terms, covenants, or conditions of this Agreement or in any way arising under this Agreement (a “Covered Dispute”) shall, on demand by either of the parties by written notice served on the other party in the manner prescribed in Section 20 hereof, be referenced pursuant to the procedures described in California Code of Civil Procedure (“CCP”) Sections 638, et seq ., as they may be amended from time to time (the “Reference Procedures”), to a retired Judge from the Superior Court for the County of Los Angeles or the County of Orange for a decision.

(b)    The Reference Procedures shall be commenced by either party by the filing in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Orange of a petition pursuant to CCP Section 638 (a “Petition”). Said Petition shall designate as a referee a Judge from the list of retired Los Angeles County and Orange County Superior Court Judges who have made themselves available for trial or settlement of civil litigation under said Reference Procedures. If the parties hereto are unable to agree on the designation of a particular retired Los Angeles County or Orange County Superior Court Judge or the designated Judge is unavailable or unable to serve in such capacity, request shall be made in said Petition that the Presiding or Assistant Presiding Judge of the Orange County Superior Court


appoint as referee a retired Los Angeles County or Orange County Superior Court Judge from the aforementioned list.

(c)    Except as hereafter agreed by the parties, the referee shall apply the law of California in deciding the issues submitted hereunder. Unless formal pleadings are waived by agreement among the parties and the referee, the moving party shall file and serve its complaint within 15 days from the date a referee is designated as provided herein, and the other party shall have 15 days thereafter in which to plead to said complaint. Each of the parties reserves its respective rights to allege and assert in such pleadings all claims, causes of action, contentions and defenses which it may have arising out of or relating to the general subject matter of the Covered Dispute that is being determined pursuant to the Reference Procedures. Reasonable notice of any motions before the referee shall be given, and all matters shall be set at the convenience of the referee. Discovery shall be conducted as the parties agree or as allowed by the referee. Unless waived by each of the parties, a reporter shall be present at all proceedings before the referee.

(d)    It is the parties’ intention by this Section 19 that all issues of fact and law and all matters of a legal and equitable nature related to any Covered Dispute will be submitted for determination by a referee designated as provided herein. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate that a referee designated as provided herein shall have all powers of a Judge of the Superior Court including, without limitation, the power to grant equitable and interlocutory and permanent injunctive relief.

(e)    Each of the parties specifically (i) consents to the exercise of jurisdiction over his or her person by a referee designated as provided herein with respect to any and all Covered Disputes; and (ii) consents to the personal jurisdiction of the California courts with respect to any appeal or review of the decision of any such referee.

(f)    Each of the parties acknowledges that the decision by a referee designated as provided herein shall be a basis for a judgment as provided in CCP Section 644(a) and shall be subject to exception and review as provided in CCP Section 645.

20.     Notices .    Any notice or communications required or permitted to be given to the parties hereto shall be delivered personally, sent via facsimile or via an overnight courier service or be sent by United States registered or certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested, and addressed or delivered as follows, or as such other addresses the party addressed may have substituted by notice pursuant to this Section:

 

(a)   

If to the Company:

     

Allergan, Inc.

2525 Dupont Drive

Irvine, California 92612

Attn: General Counsel

  
(b)   

If to Employee:

        


21.     Captions .    The captions of this Agreement are inserted for convenience and do not constitute a part hereof.

22.     Severability .    In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement, but this Agreement shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein and there shall be deemed substituted for such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision such other provision as will most nearly accomplish the intent of the parties to the extent permitted by the applicable law. In case this Agreement, or any one or more of the provisions hereof, shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable within any governmental jurisdiction or subdivision thereof, this Agreement or any such provision thereof shall not as a consequence thereof be deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any other governmental jurisdiction or subdivision thereof.

23.     Counterparts .    This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall together constitute one in the same Agreement.

24.     Section 409A .

(a)    The parties intend that any payments, benefits or reimbursements that Employee may become entitled to receive hereunder be exempt from or comply with Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and other guidance promulgated thereunder (“Section 409A” “), and the terms of this Agreement shall be construed and applied in accordance with such intent. The provisions of this Section 24 shall qualify and supersede all other provisions of this Agreement as necessary to fulfill the foregoing intent.

(b)    Any payment, benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided under this Agreement that is a “deferral of compensation” within the meaning of and subject to Section 409A (“Nonqualified Deferred Compensation”) due upon Employee’s Qualifying Termination shall be paid or provided to Employee only if the Employee’s Qualifying Termination constitutes a Employee’s “separation from service” from the Company and its affiliated companies within the meaning of Section 409A (“Separation from Service”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Employee is a “specified employee” (as determined by the Company or its successor in accordance with Section 409A) as of the date that Employee incurs a Separation from Service and any payment, benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided hereunder both (i) constitutes Nonqualified Deferred Compensation and (ii) cannot be paid or provided in a manner otherwise provided herein without subjecting Employee to additional tax, interest and/or penalties under Section 409A, then any such payment, benefit or reimbursement that is payable during the first 6 months following Executive’s Separation from Service shall be paid or provided to Employee in a lump-sum cash payment to be made on the earlier of (x) Employee’s death and (y) the first business day of the seventh month immediately following Employee’s Separation from Service.

(c)    Subject to Section 24(d) below, to the extent any in-kind benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided under this Agreement constitutes Nonqualified


Deferred Compensation, (i) the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement or the provision of any in-kind benefit (within the meaning of Section 409A) to Employee during any calendar year shall not affect the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement or provided as in-kind benefits to Employee in any other calendar year (subject to any lifetime and other annual limits provided under the Company’s health plans), (ii) any reimbursements for expenses incurred by Employee shall be made on or before the last day of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the applicable expense is incurred, (iii) Employee shall not be entitled to any in-kind benefits or reimbursement for any expenses incurred subsequent to the end of the third calendar year following the calendar year in which the Executive incurs a Separation from Service and (iv) the right to any such reimbursement or in-kind benefit may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.

(d)    Any Gross-Up Payment that becomes payable pursuant to Section 10 shall be paid no later than the end of Employee’s taxable year immediately following Employee’s taxable year in which Employee remits the applicable taxes to the relevant taxing authority.

IN WITNESS HEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year first written above.

 

  ALLERGAN, INC.
By:    
 

David E.I. Pyott

Chairman of the Board and

Chief Executive Officer

 

   
 

[                               ]

Employee

EXHIBIT 10.4

CHANGE IN CONTROL AGREEMENT

This Agreement (“Agreement”) dated as of [                              ], is entered into by and between [                              ] (“Employee”), and Allergan, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), and amends, restates and supersedes the existing change in control agreement dated [                              ], between Employee and the Company, in order to conform the terms of that agreement with Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”).

RECITALS

The Company believes that because of its position in the industry, financial resources and historical operating results there is a possibility that the Company may become the subject of a Change in Control (as defined below), either now or at some time in the future.

The Company believes that it is in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders to foster Employee’s objectivity in making decisions with respect to any pending or threatened Change in Control of the Company and to assure that the Company will have the continued dedication and availability of Employee as an employee of the Company or one of its affiliates, notwithstanding the possibility, threat or occurrence of a Change in Control. The Company believes that these goals can be accomplished by alleviating certain of the risks and uncertainties with regard to Employee’s financial and professional security that would be created by a pending or threatened Change in Control and that inevitably would distract Employee and could impair his or her ability to objectively perform his or her duties for and on behalf of the Company. Accordingly, the Company believes that it is appropriate and in the best interest of the Company and its stockholders to provide to Employee compensation arrangements upon a Change in Control that lessen Employee’s financial risks and uncertainties and that are competitive with those of other corporations.

With these and other considerations in mind, the Board of Directors of the Company, acting through its Organization and Compensation Committee, has authorized the Company to enter into this Agreement with Employee to provide the protections set forth herein for Employee’s financial security following a Change in Control.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing, it is hereby agreed as follows:

1.     Term of Agreement .    This Agreement shall be effective for the period commencing on the date first written above and ending on the second anniversary of such date. The Company may, in its sole discretion and for any reason, provide written notice of termination (effective as of the then applicable expiration date) to Employee no later than 60 days before the expiration date of this Agreement. If written notice is not so provided, this Agreement shall be automatically extended for an additional period of 12 months past the expiration date. This Agreement shall continue to be automatically extended for an additional 12 months at the end of such 12-month period and each succeeding 12-month period unless notice is given in the manner described in this


Section. No termination of this Agreement shall affect Employee’s rights hereunder with respect to a Change in Control which has occurred prior to such termination.

2.     Purpose of Agreement .    The purpose of this Agreement is to provide that, in the event of a “Change in Control,” Employee may become entitled to receive certain additional benefits, as described herein, in the event of his or her termination.

3.     Change in Control .    As used in this Agreement, the phrase “Change in Control” shall mean the following and shall be deemed to occur if any of the following events occur:

(a)    Any “person,” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (a “Person”), is or becomes the “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act (a “Beneficial Owner”), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing (i) 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities, which acquisition is not approved in advance of the acquisition or within 30 days after the acquisition by a majority of the Incumbent Board (as hereinafter defined) or (ii) 33% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities, without regard to whether such acquisition is approved by the Incumbent Board;

(b)    Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board of Directors of the Company (the “Incumbent Board”), cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors, provided that any person becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Company’s stockholders, is approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (other than an election or nomination of an individual whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest relating to the election of the directors of the Company, as such terms are used Rule 14a-11 of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act) shall, for the purposes of this Agreement, be considered as though such person were a member of the Incumbent Board of the Company;

(c)    The consummation of a merger, consolidation or reorganization involving the Company, other than one which satisfies both of the following conditions:

(1)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization which would result in the voting securities of the Company outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of another entity) at least 55% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Company or such other entity resulting from the merger, consolidation or reorganization (the “Surviving Corporation”) outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or reorganization and being held in substantially the same proportion as the ownership in the Company’s voting securities immediately before such merger, consolidation or reorganization, and


(2)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization in which no Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner directly or indirectly, of securities of the Company representing 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities; or

(d)    The stockholders of the Company approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Company or an agreement for the sale or other disposition by the Company of all or substantially all of the Company’s assets.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Section, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this Section is (1) an underwriter or underwriting syndicate that has acquired the ownership of any of the Company’s then outstanding voting securities solely in connection with a public offering of the Company’s securities, (2) the Company or any subsidiary of the Company or (3) an employee stock ownership plan or other employee benefit plan maintained by the Company (or any of its affiliated companies) that is qualified under the provisions of the Code. In addition, notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this Section, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this Section becomes a Beneficial Owner of more than the permitted amount of outstanding securities as a result of the acquisition of voting securities by the Company which, by reducing the number of voting securities outstanding, increases the proportional number of shares beneficially owned by such Person, provided, that if a Change in Control would occur but for the operation of this sentence and such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional voting securities (other than through the exercise of options granted under any stock option plan of the Company or through a stock dividend or stock split), then a Change in Control shall occur.

4.     Effect of a Change in Control .    In the event of a Change in Control, Sections 6 through 10 of this Agreement shall become applicable to Employee. These Sections shall continue to remain applicable until the second anniversary of the date upon which the Change in Control occurs. At that point, so long as the employment of Employee has not been terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination, as defined in Section 5, this Agreement shall terminate and be of no further force. If Employee’s employment with the Company and its affiliated companies is terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination on or before such date, this Agreement shall remain in effect until Employee receives the various benefits to which he or she has become entitled under the terms of this Agreement.

5.     Qualifying Termination .    If, subsequent to a Change in Control Employee’s employment with the Company and its affiliated companies is terminated, such termination shall be considered a Qualifying Termination unless:

(a)    Employee voluntarily terminates his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies. Employee, however, shall not be considered to have voluntarily terminated his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies if, following the Change in Control, Employee’s overall compensation is reduced or adversely modified in any material respect or Employee’s duties are materially changed, and subsequent to such reduction, modification or change, Employee elects to terminate his or her employment with the Company and its affiliated companies. For such purposes,


Employee’s duties shall be considered to have been “materially changed” if, without Employee’s express written consent, there is any substantial diminution or adverse modification in Employee’s overall position, responsibilities or reporting relationship, or if, without Employee’s express written consent, Employee’s job location is transferred to a site more than 50 miles away from his or her place of employment prior to the Change in Control.

(b)    The termination is on account of Employee’s death or Disability. For such purposes, “Disability” shall mean a physical or mental incapacity as a result of which Employee becomes unable to continue the performance of his or her responsibilities for the Company and its affiliated companies and which, at least 26 weeks after its commencement, is determined to be total and permanent by a physician agreed to by the Company and Employee, or in the event of Employee’s inability to designate a physician, Employee’s legal representative. In the absence of agreement between the Company and Employee, each party shall nominate a qualified physician and the two physicians so nominated shall select a third physician who shall make the determination as to Disability.

(c)    Employee is involuntarily terminated for “cause.” For this purpose, “cause” shall be limited to only three types of events:

(1)    the willful refusal of Employee to comply with a lawful, written instruction of the Board so long as the instruction is consistent with the scope and responsibilities of Employee’s position prior to the Change in Control;

(2)    dishonesty by Employee which results in a material financial loss to the Company (or to any of its affiliated companies) or material injury to its public reputation (or to the public reputation of any of its affiliated companies); or

(3)    Employee’s conviction of any felony involving an act of moral turpitude.

In addition, notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement to the contrary, if Employee’s employment is terminated prior to a Change in Control and it is determined that such termination (i) was at the request of a third party who has indicated an intention or taken steps reasonably calculated to effect a Change in Control and who subsequently effectuates a Change in Control (a “Third Party”) or (ii) otherwise occurred in connection with, or in anticipation of, a Change in Control which actually occurs, then, for all purposes of this Agreement, the date of a Change in Control with respect to Employee shall mean the date immediately prior to the date of such termination of Employee’s employment.

6.     Severance Payment .    If Employee’s employment is terminated as a result of a Qualifying Termination, the Company shall pay Employee on the fifty-fifth (55 th ) day after the Qualifying Termination a cash lump sum equal to [                      ] times Employee’s “Compensation” (the “Severance Payment”).

(a)    For purposes of this Agreement, and subject to Sections 6 (b), (c) and (d), below, Employee’s “Compensation” shall equal the sum of (i) Employee’s


highest annual salary rate within the five-year period ending on the date of Employee’s Qualifying Termination plus (ii) a “Management Bonus Increment.” The Management Bonus Increment shall equal the average of the two highest of the last five bonuses paid to Employee under the Management Bonus Plan or any successor thereto.

(b)    If Employee has not participated in the Management Bonus Plan (including any successor thereto) for at least two full plan years, then the missing bonus component(s) will be computed, for purposes of calculating the Management Bonus Increment under this Agreement, by reference to the guideline percentage for officers at Employee’s grade level for the most recently completed bonus period, assuming a 100% target bonus for both corporate and individual objectives.

(c)    If Employee’s normal severance payment under the Company’s applicable severance pay policies for a reduction in force would be greater than the Compensation described in Section 6(a), above, then Employee’s “Compensation” for purposes of Section 6(a) shall be such greater amount.

(d)    The Severance Payment hereunder is in lieu of any severance payment that Employee might otherwise be entitled to from the Company under the Company’s applicable severance pay policies.

7.     Incentive Compensation Grants .    Employee may have received stock option grants and grants of restricted stock awards under the Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan or other incentive compensation plans of the Company (collectively the “Incentive Plans”). In the event of a Qualifying Termination, the Company agrees that any and all such stock options or restricted stock awards that are outstanding at the time of such termination and that have not previously become exercisable, payable or free from restrictions, as the case may be, shall immediately become exercisable, payable or free from restrictions (other than restrictions required by applicable law or any national securities exchange upon which any securities of the Company are then listed), as the case may be, in their entirety, and that the exercise period of any stock option granted pursuant to any of the Incentive Plans shall continue for the length of the exercise period specified in the grant of the award determined without regard to Employee’s termination of employment.

8.     Retirement Plan .    In addition to any retirement benefits that might otherwise be due Employee under the Allergan, Inc. Savings and Investment Plan or any successor qualified defined contribution plan(s) maintained by the Company (the “SIP”) or under the Allergan, Inc. Executive Deferred Compensation Plan or any successor supplemental employee retirement plan(s) maintained by the Company (the “EDCP”), Employee shall receive additional payments from the Company calculated as set forth in this Section if Employee is terminated on account of a Qualifying Termination. In each of the [                              ] calendar year(s) subsequent to the date of the Qualifying Termination, the Company shall pay Employee an amount equal to (1) the Employer’s “Retirement Contributions” (not including matching contributions) that would have been allocated to the Employee’s account in the SIP as of the last day of the SIP Plan Year preceding that calendar year if Employee had continued working through the end of such Plan Year; and (2) the “Retirement Contribution Restoration Credits” that would have been credited to the Employee’s EDCP account for such Plan Year. For the purpose of


the preceding sentence, Employee shall be deemed to have received “Compensation” under the SIP and the EDCP for the period subsequent to the Qualifying Termination at an annual rate equal to his or her Compensation, as calculated under Section 6(a) of this Agreement.

9.     Additional Benefits .    In the event of a Qualifying Termination, Employee shall be entitled to continue to participate in all of the employee benefit programs available to Employee before the Qualifying Termination, including but not limited to, group medical insurance, group dental insurance, group-term life insurance, disability insurance, flat miscellaneous allowance, and tax and financial planning. In addition, Employee shall receive Executive Outplacement benefits of a type and duration generally provided to executives at Employee’s level. These programs shall be continued at no cost to Employee, except to the extent that tax rules require the inclusion of the value of such benefits in Employee’s income. The programs shall be continued in the same way and at the same level as immediately prior to the Qualifying Termination. If Employee is employed by an affiliate of the Company that does not provide the additional benefits enumerated, Employee shall be entitled to continue to participate in the employee benefit programs in which Employee had been participating prior to the Qualifying Termination. The programs shall continue for [                              ] year(s).

10.     Parachute Payment Matters .    In the event that Employee becomes entitled to receive a Severance Payment in accordance with the provisions of Section 6 above, and such Severance Payment or any other benefits or payments (including transfers of Property) that Employee receives, or is to receive, pursuant to this Agreement or any other agreement, plan or arrangement with the Company in connection with a Change in Control of the Company (“Other Benefits”) would not be deductible by the Company by reason of Section 280G of the Code (or any successor thereto) or any comparable provision of state law, the following rules shall apply:

(a)    The Severance Payment shall be reduced (to zero if necessary) and, if the Severance Payment is reduced to zero, Other Benefits shall be reduced (to zero if necessary) until no portion of the Severance Payment and Other Benefits is not deductible by the Company by reason of Section 280G of the Code, provided , however, that (i) no such reduction shall be made unless the net after-tax benefit received by Employee after such reduction would exceed the net after-tax benefit received by Employee if no such reduction was made and (ii) if Other Benefits are required to be reduced, the reduction of such Other Benefits shall occur in the following order: (A) reduction in the benefits described in Section 9 (with such reduction being applied to the benefits in the manner having the least economic impact to the Participant and, to the extent the economic impact is equivalent, such benefits shall be reduced in the reverse order of when the benefits would have been paid or provided to the Participant, that is, benefits payable or provided later shall be reduced before benefits payable or provided earlier); (B) reduction of any cash payments (with such reduction being applied to the payments in the reverse order in which they would otherwise be made, that is, later payments shall be reduced before earlier payments); (C) cancellation of acceleration of vesting on any equity awards for which the exercise price exceeds the then fair market value of the underlying equity; and (D) cancellation of acceleration of vesting of equity awards not covered under (C) above, provided that in the event that acceleration of vesting of equity


awards is to be cancelled, such acceleration of vesting shall be cancelled in the reverse order of the date of grant of such equity awards, that is, later equity awards shall be canceled before earlier equity awards.

(b)    All determinations under this Section 10 shall be made by the accounting firm (the “Auditors”) that is serving as the Company’s independent registered public accounting firm immediately prior to the Change in Control. For purposes of determining whether any of the Severance Payments or Other Benefits would not be deductible by the Company by reason of Section 280G and whether any of such payments shall be reduced pursuant to Section 10(a), (i) any other payment or benefits received or to be received by Employee in connection with a Change in Control of the Company or Employee’s termination of employment (whether pursuant to the terms of this Agreement or any other plan, arrangement or agreement with the Company, any person whose actions result in a Change in Control or any person affiliated with the Company or such person) shall be treated as “parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(2) of the Code (or any successor thereto), and all “excess parachute payments” within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(1) of the Code (or any successor thereto) shall be treated as being nondeductible by the Company by reason of Section 280G, unless in the opinion of tax counsel selected by the Auditors and acceptable to Employee such other payments or benefits (in whole or in part) do not constitute parachute payments, or such excess parachute payments (in whole or in part) represent reasonable compensation for services actually rendered within the meaning of Section 280G(b)(4) of the Code (or any successor thereto), (ii) the amount of the Severance Payments and Other Benefits which shall be treated as nondeductible by reason of Section 280G shall be equal to the lesser of (A) the total amount of the Severance Payments or Other Benefits or (B) the amount of excess parachute payments within the meaning of Sections 280G(b)(1) and (4) of the Code (or any successor or successors thereto), after applying clause (i), above, and (iii) the value of any non-cash benefits or any deferred payment or benefit shall be determined by the Auditors in accordance with the principles of Sections 280G(d)(3) and (4) of the Code (or any successor or successors thereto).

(c)    For purposes of determining Employee’s net after-tax benefits under Section 10(a), Employee shall be deemed to pay federal income taxes at the highest marginal rate of federal income taxation in the calendar year in which the “parachute payments” are to be made and state and local income taxes at the highest marginal rates of taxation in the state and locality of Employee’s residence on the date of Employee’s Qualifying Termination, net of the maximum reduction in federal income taxes which could be obtained from deduction of such state and local taxes.

(d)    For purposes of making the determinations and calculations required herein, the Auditors and any tax counsel selected by the Auditors may make reasonable assumptions and approximations concerning applicable taxes and may rely on reasonable, good faith interpretations concerning the application of Sections 280G and 4999 of the Code, provided that the Auditors’ determinations must be made on the basis of “substantial authority” (within the


meaning of Section 6662 of the Code). All fees and expenses of the Auditors shall be borne solely by the Company.

11.     Rights and Obligations Prior to a Change in Control .    Except as otherwise provided in the last paragraph of Section 5, prior to a Change in Control, the rights and obligations of Employee with respect to his or her employment by the Company shall be determined in accordance with the policies and procedures adopted from time to time by the Company and the provisions of any written employment contract in effect between the Company and Employee from time to time. Except as otherwise provided in the last paragraph of Section 5, this Agreement deals only with certain rights and obligations of Employee subsequent to a Change in Control, and the existence of this Agreement shall not be treated as raising any inference with respect to what rights and obligations exist prior to a Change in Control. Unless otherwise expressly set forth in a separate employment agreement between Employee and the Company, the employment of Employee is at-will, and Employee or the Company may terminate Employee’s employment with the Company at any time and for any reason, with or without cause, provided that if such termination occurs within two years after a Change in Control and constitutes a Qualifying Termination (as defined in Section 5 above) the provisions of this Agreement shall govern the payment of the Severance Payment and certain other benefits as provided herein.

12.     Non-Exclusivity of Rights .    Subject to Section 6(d) above, nothing in this Agreement shall prevent or limit Employee’s continuing or future participation in any benefit, bonus, incentive or other plan or program provided by the Company or any of its affiliated companies and for which Employee may qualify, nor shall anything herein limit or otherwise affect such rights as Employee may have under any stock option or other agreements with the Company or any of its affiliated companies. Except as otherwise provided in Section 6(d) above, amounts which are vested benefits or which Employee is otherwise entitled to receive under any plan or program of the Company or any of its affiliated companies at or subsequent to the date of any Qualified Termination shall be payable in accordance with such plan or program.

13.     Confidentiality Covenant .    Employee hereby agrees that Employee shall not, directly or indirectly, disclose or make available to any person, firm, corporation, association or other entity for any reason or purpose whatsoever, any Confidential Information (as hereinafter defined). Employee agrees that, upon termination of Employee’s employment with the Company, all Confidential Information in Employee’s possession that is in written or other tangible form (together with all copies or duplicates thereof, including computer files) shall be returned to the Company and shall not be retained by Employee or furnished to any third party, in any form except as provided herein; provided , however , that Employee shall not be obligated to treat as confidential, or return to the Company copies of any Confidential Information that (i) was publicly known at the time of disclosure to Employee, (ii) becomes publicly known or available thereafter other than by any means in violation of this Agreement or any other duty owed to the Company by any person or entity, or (iii) is lawfully disclosed to Employee by a third party. As used in this Agreement, the term “Confidential Information” means: information disclosed to Employee or known by Employee as a consequence of or through Employee’s relationship with the Company, about the products, research and development efforts, regulatory efforts, manufacturing processes, customers, employees, business methods, public relations methods, organization, procedures or


finances, including, without limitation, information of or relating to customer lists, of the Company and its affiliates.

14.     Non-Solicitation Covenant .    Employee hereby agrees that during Employee’s employment by the Company and for the period commencing on the date of termination of Employee’s employment with the Company and ending on the first anniversary thereof, Employee shall not, either on Employee’s own account or jointly with or as a manager, agent, officer, employee, consultant, partner, joint venturer, owner or shareholder or otherwise on behalf of any other person, firm or corporation, directly or indirectly solicit or attempt to solicit away from the Company any of its officers or employees or offer employment to any person who, on or during the six (6) months immediately preceding the date of such solicitation or offer, is or was an officer or employee of the Company; provided, however, that a general advertisement to which an employee of the Company responds shall in no event be deemed to result in a breach of this Section 14.

15.     Full Settlement .    The Company’s obligation to make the payments provided for in this Agreement and otherwise to perform its obligations hereunder shall not be affected by any set-off, counter-claim, recoupment, defense or other claim, right or action which the Company may have against Employee or others. In no event shall Employee be obligated to seek other employment or to take any other action by way of mitigation of the amounts payable to Employee under any of the provisions of this Agreement. The Company agrees to pay, to the full extent permitted by law, all legal fees and expenses which Employee may reasonably incur as a result of any contest (regardless of the outcome thereof) by the Company or others of the validity or enforceability of, or liability under, any provision of this Agreement or any guarantee of performance thereof (including as a result of any contest by Employee about the amount of any payment pursuant to Section 10 of this Agreement), unless the referee or the court, as the case may be, determines that the Employee’s material claims in such contest were frivolous or were asserted in bad faith.

16.     Successors .

(a)    This Agreement is personal to Employee, and without the prior written consent of the Company shall not be assignable by Employee other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution. This Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and be enforceable by Employee’s legal representatives.

(b)    The rights and obligations of the Company under this Agreement shall inure to the benefit of and shall be binding upon the successors and assigns of the Company.

17.     Governing Law .    This Agreement is made and entered into in the State of California, and the laws of California shall govern its validity and interpretation in the performance by the parties hereto of their respective duties and obligations hereunder.

18.     Entire Agreement .    This Agreement constitutes the entire agreement between the parties respecting the benefits due Employee in the event of a Change in Control followed by a Qualifying Termination, and there are no representations, warranties or commitments, other than those set forth herein, which relate to such benefits. This Agreement supercedes any and all prior agreements between the parties


respecting the benefits due Employee in the event of a Change in Control followed by a Qualifying Termination. This Agreement may be amended or modified only by an instrument in writing executed by all of the parties hereto.

19.     Dispute Resolution .

(a)    Any controversy or dispute between the parties involving the construction, interpretation, application or performance of the terms, covenants, or conditions of this Agreement or in any way arising under this Agreement (a “Covered Dispute”) shall, on demand by either of the parties by written notice served on the other party in the manner prescribed in Section 20 hereof, be referenced pursuant to the procedures described in California Code of Civil Procedure (“CCP”) Sections 638, et seq ., as they may be amended from time to time (the “Reference Procedures”), to a retired Judge from the Superior Court for the County of Los Angeles or the County of Orange for a decision.

(b)    The Reference Procedures shall be commenced by either party by the filing in the Superior Court of the State of California for the County of Orange of a petition pursuant to CCP Section 638 (a “Petition”).

Said Petition shall designate as a referee a Judge from the list of retired Los Angeles County and Orange County Superior Court Judges who have made themselves available for trial or settlement of civil litigation under said Reference Procedures. If the parties hereto are unable to agree on the designation of a particular retired Los Angeles County or Orange County Superior Court Judge or the designated Judge is unavailable or unable to serve in such capacity, request shall be made in said Petition that the Presiding or Assistant Presiding Judge of the Orange County Superior Court appoint as referee a retired Los Angeles County or Orange County Superior Court Judge from the aforementioned list.

(c)    Except as hereafter agreed by the parties, the referee shall apply the law of California in deciding the issues submitted hereunder. Unless formal pleadings are waived by agreement among the parties and the referee, the moving party shall file and serve its complaint within 15 days from the date a referee is designated as provided herein, and the other party shall have 15 days thereafter in which to plead to said complaint. Each of the parties reserves its respective rights to allege and assert in such pleadings all claims, causes of action, contentions and defenses which it may have arising out of or relating to the general subject matter of the Covered Dispute that is being determined pursuant to the Reference Procedures. Reasonable notice of any motions before the referee shall be given, and all matters shall be set at the convenience of the referee. Discovery shall be conducted as the parties agree or as allowed by the referee. Unless waived by each of the parties, a reporter shall be present at all proceedings before the referee.

(d)    It is the parties’ intention by this Section 19 that all issues of fact and law and all matters of a legal and equitable nature related to any Covered Dispute will be submitted for determination by a referee designated as provided herein. Accordingly, the parties hereby stipulate that a referee designated as provided herein shall have all powers of a Judge of the Superior Court including, without


limitation, the power to grant equitable and interlocutory and permanent injunctive relief.

(e)    Each of the parties specifically (i) consents to the exercise of jurisdiction over his or her person by a referee designated as provided herein with respect to any and all Covered Disputes; and (ii) consents to the personal jurisdiction of the California courts with respect to any appeal or review of the decision of any such referee.

(f)    Each of the parties acknowledges that the decision by a referee designated as provided herein shall be a basis for a judgment as provided in CCP Section 644(a) and shall be subject to exception and review as provided in CCP Section 645.

20.     Notices .    Any notice or communications required or permitted to be given to the parties hereto shall be delivered personally, sent via facsimile or via an overnight courier service or be sent by United States registered or certified mail, postage prepaid and return receipt requested, and addressed or delivered as follows, or as such other addresses the party addressed may have substituted by notice pursuant to this Section:

 

(a)   

If to the Company:

     

Allergan, Inc.

2525 Dupont Drive

Irvine, California 92612

Attn: General Counsel

  
(b)   

If to Employee:

        
           

21.     Captions .    The captions of this Agreement are inserted for convenience and do not constitute a part hereof.

22.     Severability .    In case any one or more of the provisions contained in this Agreement shall for any reason be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any respect, such invalidity, illegality or unenforceability shall not affect any other provision of this Agreement, but this Agreement shall be construed as if such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision had never been contained herein and there shall be deemed substituted for such invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision such other provision as will most nearly accomplish the intent of the parties to the extent permitted by the applicable law. In case this Agreement, or any one or more of the provisions hereof, shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable within any governmental jurisdiction or subdivision thereof, this Agreement or any such provision thereof shall not as a consequence thereof be deemed to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable in any other governmental jurisdiction or subdivision thereof.

23.     Counterparts .    This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts, each of which shall be deemed an original, but all of which shall together constitute one in the same Agreement.

24.     Section 409A .


(a)    The parties intend that any payments, benefits or reimbursements that Employee may become entitled to receive hereunder be exempt from or comply with Section 409A of the Code and the regulations and other guidance promulgated thereunder (“Section 409A”), and the terms of this Agreement shall be construed and applied in accordance with such intent. The provisions of this Section 24 shall qualify and supersede all other provisions of this Agreement as necessary to fulfill the foregoing intent.

(b)    Any payment, benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided under this Agreement that is a “deferral of compensation” within the meaning of and subject to Section 409A (“Nonqualified Deferred Compensation”) due upon Employee’s Qualifying Termination shall be paid or provided to Employee only if the Employee’s Qualifying Termination constitutes a “separation from service” from the Company and its affiliated companies within the meaning of Section 409A (“Separation from Service”). Notwithstanding the foregoing, if Employee is a “specified employee” (as determined by the Company or its successor in accordance with Section 409A) as of the date that Employee incurs a Separation from Service and any payment, benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided hereunder both (i) constitutes Nonqualified Deferred Compensation and (ii) cannot be paid or provided in a manner otherwise provided herein without subjecting Employee to additional tax, interest and/or penalties under Section 409A, then any such payment, benefit or reimbursement that is payable during the first 6 months following Executive’s Separation from Service shall be paid or provided to Employee in a lump-sum cash payment to be made on the earlier of (x) Employee’s death and (y) the first business day of the seventh month immediately following Employee’s Separation from Service.

(c)    To the extent any in-kind benefit or reimbursement to be paid or provided under this Agreement constitutes Nonqualified Deferred Compensation, (i) the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement or the provision of any in-kind benefit (within the meaning of Section 409A) to Employee during any calendar year shall not affect the amount of expenses eligible for reimbursement or provided as in-kind benefits to Employee in any other calendar year (subject to any lifetime and other annual limits provided under the Company’s health plans), (ii) any reimbursements for expenses incurred by Employee shall be made on or before the last day of the calendar year following the calendar year in which the applicable expense is incurred, (iii) Employee shall not be entitled to any in-kind benefits or reimbursement for any expenses incurred subsequent to the end of the third calendar year following the calendar year in which the Executive incurs a Separation from Service and (iv) the right to any such reimbursement or in-kind benefit may not be liquidated or exchanged for any other benefit.

 


IN WITNESS HEREOF, the parties hereto have caused this Agreement to be duly executed and delivered as of the day and year first written above.

 

  ALLERGAN, INC.
By:    
 

David E.I. Pyott

Chairman of the Board and

Chief Executive Officer

 

   
 

[                               ]

Employee

EXHIBIT 10.8

THIRD AMENDMENT TO

THE ALLERGAN, INC.

2003 NONEMPLOYEE DIRECTOR EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN

THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE ALLERGAN, INC. 2003 NONEMPLOYEE DIRECTOR EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN (this “ Third Amendment ”), dated as of November 29, 2010, is made and adopted by Allergan, Inc. (the “ Company ”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Plan (as defined below).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the Company maintains the Allergan, Inc. 2003 Nonemployee Director Equity Incentive Plan, as amended (the “ Plan ”);

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 4.1 of the Plan, the Board of Directors of the Company (the “ Board ”) may amend the Plan at any time and from time to time; and

WHEREAS, the Board desires to amend the Plan as set forth herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Plan be amended as follows:

1.    Section 4.12 of the Plan is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

“4.12    Transferability. No award or right under the Plan, contingent or otherwise, shall be assignable or otherwise transferable other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution, or shall be subject to any encumbrance, pledge or charge of any nature. Any Award shall be accepted during a Participant’s lifetime only by the Participant or the Participant’s guardian or other legal representative.

Notwithstanding anything else in this Section 4.12, the Board by express provision in the Award or an amendment thereto may permit an Award to be transferred to, exercised by and paid to certain persons or entities related to the Participant, including but not limited to members of the Participant’s family, charitable institutions, or trusts or other entities whose beneficiaries or beneficial owners are members of the Participant’s family and/or charitable institutions, or to such other persons or entities as may be expressly approved by the Board, pursuant to such conditions and procedures as the Board may establish. Any permitted transfer shall be subject to the condition that the Board receive evidence satisfactory to it that the transfer is being made for estate and/or tax planning purposes (or to a “blind trust” in connection with the Participant’s termination of employment or service with the Company to assume a position with a governmental, charitable, educational or similar non-profit institution) and on a basis consistent with the Company’s lawful issue of securities.”

2.    This Third Amendment shall be effective as of the date hereof.


3.    This Third Amendment shall be and is hereby incorporated in and forms a part of the Plan.

4.    Except as set forth herein, the Plan shall remain in full force and effect.

I hereby certify that the foregoing Third Amendment was duly adopted by the Board of Directors of Allergan, Inc. on November 29, 2010.

Executed on this 29th day of November, 2010.

 

By:   /s/ Matthew J. Maletta
Name:   Matthew J. Maletta
Title:  

Vice President, Associate General Counsel

and Secretary

EXHIBIT 10.11

 

DEFERRED DIRECTORS’ FEE PROGRAM

ALLERGAN

 

ALLERGAN BOARD OF DIRECTORS

Restated effective December 1, 2010

PURPOSE

To provide nonemployee directors of Allergan, Inc., with a means to defer income until termination of status as a director.

 

 

ELIGIBILITY

Directors of Allergan, Inc., entitled to directors’ fees.

 

 

PROCEDURE

The amount or percentage of the annual directors’ retainer and meeting fees to be deferred must be specified by the director in writing to Allergan no later than December 31 of the calendar year prior to the calendar year in which the director performs the services for which the director will receive such retainer and meeting fees. The election is irrevocable for that calendar year. In subsequent years, no deferral will take place unless a new election is made by the director. The amount deferred is an offset against and cannot exceed the amount of the directors’ fees for that calendar year. If, at the end of any calendar year following the 2011 calendar year, the average total cash compensation amount per nonemployee director has increased by more than 30% over the prior calendar year average, then the Allergan Board of Directors, or a committee comprised solely of nonemployee directors, shall be required to review and reapprove the program.

 

 

ADJUSTMENT FACTOR

Deferred amounts are treated as having been invested in Allergan Common Stock (Stock Value Factor).

 

 

STOCK VALUE FACTOR

Amounts deferred in a calendar year will be treated as having been invested in shares of Allergan Common Stock.

 

  1.

The share price will be calculated to the nearest one-thousandth of a share at the closing price of Allergan Common Stock on the New York Stock Exchange on the day in which payment in cash otherwise (but for the election to defer) would have been paid.

 

  2.

Allergan Common Stock dividends or other distributions will be credited to each participant’s account on the payment date for stockholders of record. These dividends/distributions will be treated as having been invested in Allergan Common Stock. The share price will be calculated in the same manner as (1.) above.

 

  3.

The total number of shadow shares in a participant’s account will be valued using the per share price of Allergan Common Stock at the end of each quarter.

 

  4.

In the event of installment payments, the participant’s entitlement will be valued at the per share closing price of Allergan Common Stock on the last day preceding the date of that installment payment.

 

 

PAYMENTS

 

 

1

DDF PLAN DOCUMENT            


Effective for all deferrals allocated to participant accounts after December 31, 1999, all payments will be made in shares of Allergan Common Stock, with the total number of shares of Allergan Common Stock issued to each participant being equal to the number of shadow shares in the participant’s account. In addition, each participant may elect to receive payments for amounts deferred prior to 2000 in shares of Allergan Common Stock (rather than in cash). No fractional shares shall be issued under the program, and all share amounts shall be rounded down to the nearest whole share.

Payment of the deferred amounts shall be in a lump sum, unless an irrevocable election is made by the participant for payment in substantially equal annual installments (not to exceed 10 installments). Such election shall be made not later than the date the director makes his or her first deferral election under the program (i.e., the December 31 immediately proceeding the calendar year with respect to which he or she first defers retainer or meeting fees).

 

1.

In the calendar year in which a participant incurs a “separation from service” with Allergan within the meaning of Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code and guidance promulgated thereunder (Section 409A), the participant will receive a lump-sum payment or the first installment payment of his or her benefits under the program, as applicable, with such payment to be made following the participant’s separation from service and no later than December 31 of the calendar year in which the participant incurs a separation from service. Notwithstanding the foregoing, to the extent permitted under Treasury Regulation section 1.409A-3(d), Allergan in its sole discretion may delay any payment referenced in the foregoing sentence until January of the calendar year following the calendar year in which a participant incurs a separation from service.

 

2.

If payment is made in installments, the second installment will be paid during January of the year following the year in the participant incurs a separation from service and all remaining installments will be paid annually in the month of January. (For the avoidance of doubt, if Allergan makes the first installment payment in January following the year in which a participant incurs a separation from service as permitted in paragraph (1.) above, the participant will receive two installments in the January following his or her separation from service.)

 

3.

In the event of the participant’s death, payments will be made in a lump sum to the designated beneficiary.

The Plan shall be interpreted and administered consistent with Code Section 409A. For purposes of the foregoing, if any participant is a “specified employee” within the meaning of Section 409A (as determined by Allergan in accordance with Section 409A) then, notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, any amount that would otherwise be payable to the participant under the program during the first six months following the participant’s separation from service shall instead be paid to the participant on the earlier of (i) the participant’s death or (ii) the first day of the seventh month following the participant’s separation from service.

 

 

QUARTERLY STATEMENTS

Each participant will receive a quarterly statement on the value of his or her account.

 

 

2

DDF PLAN DOCUMENT            


 

SHARES OF COMMON STOCK SUBJECT TO THE PROGRAM

The aggregate number of shares that may be issued under this program is 843,812 (on a post-2007 stock split basis). The Common Stock to be issued under this program will be made available from either authorized but unissued shares of Common Stock or from previously issued shares of Common Stock reacquired by Allergan, including shares purchased in the open market.

If the outstanding shares of Allergan Common Stock are increased, decreased or exchanged for a different number or kind of shares or other securities, or if additional shares or new or different shares or other securities are distributed in respect of such shares of Common Stock (or any stock or securities received with respect to such Common Stock), through merger, consolidation, sale or exchange of all or substantially all of the properties of Allergan, reorganization, recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split, reverse stock split, spin-off or other distribution in respect of such shares of Common Stock (or any stock or securities received with respect to such Common Stock), an appropriate and proportionate adjustment shall be made in (i) the maximum number of securities issuable under the program and (ii) the number and kind of shadow shares in each account. The Board’s determination of the adjustments required shall be final, binding and conclusive. No fractional interests shall be issued under the program on account of any such adjustment.

No shares of Allergan Common Stock will be issued under this program unless and until all applicable requirements imposed by federal and state securities and other laws, rules and regulations and by any regulatory agencies having jurisdiction and by any stock exchange upon which the Allergan Common Stock may be listed have been fully met. As a condition precedent to the issuance of shares of Allergan Common Stock, Allergan may require the participant to take reasonable action to comply with such requirements.

 

 

3

DDF PLAN DOCUMENT            

EXHIBIT 10.15

THIRD AMENDMENT TO

ALLERGAN, INC.

1989 INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN

(AS AMENDED AND RESTATED, NOVEMBER 2000

AND AS ADJUSTED FOR 1999 STOCK SPLIT)

THIS THIRD AMENDMENT TO THE ALLERGAN, INC. 1989 INCENTIVE COMPENSATION PLAN (as amended and restated, November 2000 and as adjusted for 1999 stock split) (this “ Third Amendment ”), dated as of November 29, 2010, is made and adopted by Allergan, Inc. (the “ Corporation ”). Capitalized terms used but not otherwise defined herein shall have the respective meanings ascribed to them in the Plan (as defined below).

RECITALS

WHEREAS, the Corporation maintains the Allergan, Inc. 1989 Incentive Compensation Plan, as amended (the “ Plan ”);

WHEREAS, pursuant to Section 8.7(a) of the Plan, the Board of Directors of the Corporation (the “ Board ”) may amend the Plan at any time and from time to time; and

WHEREAS, the Board desires to amend the Plan as set forth herein.

NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED, that the Plan be amended as follows:

1.    Section 5.2(a) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

“(a) Except as provided in Section 8.2(b) hereof, the shares may not be sold, assigned, transferred, pledged, hypothecated or otherwise disposed of, alienated or encumbered until the restrictions are removed or expire;”

2.    Section 8.2(b) of the Plan is hereby amended and restated in its entirety as follows:

“(b) Any Stock Option or similar right (including a Stock Appreciation Right) granted to such Employee pursuant to the Plan shall not be transferable other than by will or the laws of descent and distribution and shall be exercisable during such Employee’s lifetime only by him or by his guardian or legal representative. No Incentive Award granted to such Employee and no right of such Employee under the Plan, contingent or otherwise, will be assignable or made subject to any encumbrance, pledge or charge of any nature except that, under such rules and regulations as the Committee may establish pursuant to the terms of the Plan, a beneficiary may be designated with respect to an Incentive Award in the event of death of such Employee. If such beneficiary is the executor or administrator of the estate of the Employee, any rights with respect to such


Incentive Award may be transferred to the person or persons or entity (including a trust) entitled thereto under the will of such Employee.

Notwithstanding anything else in this Section 8.2(b), the Committee by express provision in the Incentive Award or an amendment thereto may permit an Incentive Award (other than an Incentive Stock Option) to be transferred to, exercised by and paid to certain persons or entities related to such Employee, including but not limited to members of the Employee’s family, charitable institutions, or trusts or other entities whose beneficiaries or beneficial owners are members of the Employee’s family and/or charitable institutions, or to such other persons or entities as may be expressly approved by the Committee, pursuant to such conditions and procedures as the Committee may establish. Any permitted transfer shall be subject to the condition that the Committee receive evidence satisfactory to it that the transfer is being made for estate and/or tax planning purposes (or to a “blind trust” in connection with the Employee’s termination of employment or service with the Corporation to assume a position with a governmental, charitable, educational or similar non-profit institution) and on a basis consistent with the Corporation’s lawful issue of securities.”

3.    This Third Amendment shall be effective as of the date hereof.

4.    This Third Amendment shall be and is hereby incorporated in and forms a part of the Plan.

5.    Except as set forth herein, the Plan shall remain in full force and effect.

I hereby certify that the foregoing Third Amendment was duly adopted by the Board of Directors of Allergan, Inc. on November 29, 2010.

Executed on this 29th day of November, 2010.

 

By:   /s/ Matthew J. Maletta

Name:

Title:

 

Matthew J. Maletta

Vice President, Associate General Counsel

and Secretary

EXHIBIT 10.19

SECOND AMENDMENT

TO

ALLERGAN, INC.

EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN

(RESTATED 2008)

The ALLERGAN, INC. EMPLOYEE STOCK OWNERSHIP PLAN (the “Plan”) is hereby amended as follows:

 

1.

Effective January 1, 2009, Section 2.16 is hereby amended by adding to the end thereof the following flush paragraph:

“Effective January 1, 2009, solely to the extent required by Code Section 414(u)(12), the term “Employee” shall include an individual receiving differential wage payments (within the meaning of Code Section 414(u)(12)(D)) from the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company.”

 

2.

Effective January 1, 2007, Subsection 5.2(b) is hereby amended in its entirety as follows:

“(b)    Notwithstanding the above, a Participant shall become fully vested in his or her ESOP Account (i) upon the occurrence of the death, Disability, or attainment of age 62 of such Participant while an Employee; (ii) upon the occurrence of a Change in Control pursuant to Section 10.4(b); or (iii) if, on or after January 1, 2007, the Participant dies while performing “qualified military service,” as defined in Code Section 414(u)(5).”

 

3.

Effective January 1, 2010, Subsection 11.5(b) is hereby amended in its entirety as follows:

“(b)    Compensation shall include (i) any elective deferral as defined in Code Section 402(g)(3); (ii) any amount which is contributed or deferred by the Company at the election of the Employee that is excludable from an Employee’s gross income under Code Sections 125 or 457; (iii) for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 1998, any elective amount that is excludable from an Employee’s gross income under Code Section 132(f)(4); and (iv) effective January 1, 2009, differential wage payments within the meaning of Code Section 414(u)(12)(D).”

IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Allergan, Inc. hereby executes this Second Amendment to the Allergan, Inc. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (Restated 2008) on this 11th day of November , 2010 .

 

By:   /s/ Scott D. Sherman
 

Scott D. Sherman

Executive Vice President, Human Resources

EXHIBIT 10.20

ALLERGAN, INC.

PENSION PLAN

RESTATED

January 1, 2011


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          PAGE  

ARTICLE I INTRODUCTION

     1   

1.1

  

Plan Name

     1   

1.2

  

Plan Purpose

     1   

1.3

  

Effective Date of 2011 Restated Plan

     1   

1.4

  

Amendments to Plan

     1   

1.5

  

Plan Qualification

     3   

ARTICLE II DEFINITIONS

     4   

2.1

  

Accrued Benefit

     4   

2.2

  

Active Participant

     4   

2.3

  

Actuarial Equivalent

     4   

2.4

  

Affiliated Company

     4   

2.5

  

Age

     4   

2.6

  

Annuity Starting Date

     4   

2.7

  

Average Earnings

     4   

2.8

  

Beneficiary

     5   

2.9

  

Benefit Year

     5   

2.10

  

Board of Directors

     5   

2.11

  

Code

     5   

2.12

  

Committee

     5   

2.13

  

Company

     5   

2.14

  

Earnings

     5   

2.15

  

Effective Date

     6   

2.16

  

Eligibility Computation Period

     7   

2.17

  

Eligible Employee

     7   

2.18

  

Eligible Retirement Plan

     8   

2.19

  

Eligible Rollover Distribution

     8   

2.20

  

Employee

     9   

2.21

  

Employment Commencement Date

     9   

2.22

  

ERISA

     9   

2.23

  

Fund

     9   


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          PAGE  

2.24

  

Highly Compensated Employee

     10   

2.25

  

Hour of Service

     10   

2.26

  

Investment Manager

     10   

2.27

  

Leased Employee

     10   

2.28

  

Normal Retirement Date

     11   

2.29

  

Participant

     11   

2.30

  

Period of Severance

     11   

2.31

  

Plan

     11   

2.32

  

Plan Administrator

     11   

2.33

  

Plan Year

     11   

2.34

  

Primary Social Security Benefit

     11   

2.35

  

Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity

     12   

2.36

  

Reemployment Commencement Date

     12   

2.37

  

Severance

     12   

2.38

  

Severance Date

     13   

2.39

  

Single Life Annuity

     13   

2.40

  

SKB Plan

     13   

2.41

  

Special Retirement Eligibility Date

     13   

2.42

  

Spin-Off Date

     13   

2.43

  

Sponsor

     13   

2.44

  

Trust

     13   

2.45

  

Trustee

     13   

2.46

  

Vesting Year

     13   

ARTICLE III PARTICIPATION

     15   

3.1

  

Participation for the 2003 Plan Year and thereafter

     15   

3.2

  

Participation for the 2002 Plan Year

     15   

3.3

  

Participation prior to the 2002 Plan Year

     15   

ARTICLE IV ACCRUAL OF BENEFITS

     16   

4.1

  

Accrued Benefit Formula

     16   

4.2

  

Minimum Accrued Benefit

     16   

 

ii


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          PAGE  

4.3

  

Accrued Benefit for Participants with Earnings in excess of $150,000 prior to January 1, 1994

     16   

4.4

  

Accrued Benefit for Participants participating in the Voluntary Early Retirement Incentive Program

     17   

4.5

  

Temporary Supplemental Monthly Benefit for Participants participating in the Voluntary Early Retirement Incentive Program

     17   

ARTICLE V BENEFITS

     19   

5.1

  

Normal Retirement

     19   

5.2

  

Postponed Retirement

     19   

5.3

  

Early Retirement

     19   

5.4

  

Termination of Employment

     21   

5.5

  

Consent to Pension Payments

     22   

5.6

  

Maximum Pension

     22   

5.7

  

Defined Benefit Fraction and Defined Contribution Fraction

     27   

5.8

  

Mandatory Commencement of Benefits

     28   

5.9

  

Reemployment

     29   

5.10

  

Other Disabled Participants

     30   

5.11

  

Nonforfeitable Interest

     30   

5.12

  

Compensation for Maximum Pension

     30   

ARTICLE VI FORM OF PENSIONS

     32   

6.1

  

Unmarried Participants

     32   

6.2

  

Married Participants

     32   

6.3

  

Election of Optional Form of Benefit

     32   

6.4

  

Optional Forms of Benefit

     33   

6.5

  

Cash-Outs

     34   

6.6

  

Retroactive Annuity Starting Dates

     34   

ARTICLE VII PRE-RETIREMENT DEATH BENEFITS

     37   

7.1

  

Eligibility

     37   

7.2

  

Spousal Benefit

     37   

7.3

  

Alternative Death Benefit

     38   

7.4

  

Children’s Survivor Benefit

     38   

 

iii


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          PAGE  

7.5

  

Waiver of Spousal Benefit

     39   

ARTICLE VIII CONTRIBUTIONS

     40   

8.1

  

Company Contributions

     40   

8.2

  

Source of Benefits

     40   

8.3

  

Irrevocability

     40   

8.4

  

Funding Based Limits on Benefits

     41   

ARTICLE IX ADMINISTRATION

     43   

9.1

  

Appointment of Committee

     43   

9.2

  

Appointment of Investment Subcommittee

     43   

9.3

  

Transaction of Business

     43   

9.4

  

Voting

     44   

9.5

  

Responsibility of Committees

     44   

9.6

  

Committee Powers

     44   

9.7

  

Additional Powers of Committee

     45   

9.8

  

Investment Subcommittee Powers

     46   

9.9

  

Periodic Review of Funding Policy

     47   

9.10

  

Claims Procedures

     47   

9.11

  

Appeals Procedures

     48   

9.12

  

Limitation on Liability

     48   

9.13

  

Indemnification and Insurance

     49   

9.14

  

Compensation of Committee and Plan Expenses

     49   

9.15

  

Resignation

     49   

9.16

  

Reliance Upon Documents and Opinions

     49   

9.17

  

Appointment of Investment Manager

     50   

ARTICLE X AMENDMENT AND ADOPTION OF PLAN

     51   

10.1

  

Right to Amend Plan

     51   

10.2

  

Adoption of Plan by Affiliated Companies

     51   

ARTICLE XI TERMINATION AND MERGER

     52   

11.1

  

Right to Terminate Plan

     52   

11.2

  

Merger Restriction

     52   

11.3

  

Effect on Trustee and Committee

     52   

 

iv


TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

          PAGE  

11.4

  

Effect of Reorganization, Transfer of Assets or Change in Control

     52   

11.5

  

Termination Restrictions

     54   

ARTICLE XII TOP-HEAVY RULES

     56   

12.1

  

Applicability

     56   

12.2

  

Definitions

     56   

12.3

  

Top-Heavy Status

     57   

12.4

  

Minimum Benefit

     58   

12.5

  

Maximum Benefit

     59   

12.6

  

Minimum Vesting Rules

     60   

12.7

  

Noneligible Employees

     60   

ARTICLE XIII RESTRICTION ON ASSIGNMENT OR OTHER ALIENATION OF PLAN BENEFITS

     61   

13.1

  

General Restrictions Against Alienation

     61   

13.2

  

Qualified Domestic Relations Orders

     61   

ARTICLE XIV MISCELLANEOUS

     64   

14.1

  

No Right of Employment Hereunder

     64   

14.2

  

Effect of Article Headings

     64   

14.3

  

Limitation on Company Liability

     64   

14.4

  

Interpretation

     64   

14.5

  

Withholding For Taxes

     64   

14.6

  

California Law Controlling

     64   

14.7

  

Plan and Trust as One Instrument

     64   

14.8

  

Invalid Provisions

     64   

14.9

  

Counterparts

     64   

14.10

  

Forfeitures

     65   

14.11

  

Facility of Payment

     65   

14.12

  

Lapsed Benefits

     65   

APPENDIX A

  

APPENDIX B

  

APPENDIX C

  

 

v


ALLERGAN, INC.

PENSION PLAN

ARTICLE I

INTRODUCTION

1.1     Plan Name .   This document, made and entered into by Allergan, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Allergan”) amends and restates in its entirety the “Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2008)” and shall be known hereafter as the “Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2011).”

1.2     Plan Purpose .   The purpose of the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2011), hereinafter referred to as the “Plan,” is to provide additional retirement income to Eligible Employees of Allergan, and any Affiliated Companies that are authorized by the Board of Directors of Allergan to participate in the Plan for their future economic security. The Plan is fully funded through Company contributions and the assets of the Plan shall be administered, distributed, forfeited and otherwise governed by the provisions of the Plan, which is to be administered by the Committee for the exclusive benefit of Participants in the Plan and their Beneficiaries.

1.3     Effective Date of 2011 Restated Plan .   The Effective Date of this amended and restated Plan shall be January 1, 2011 unless otherwise specified in the Plan. The provisions of this Plan document apply generally to Employees who have completed at least one (1) Hour of Service for Allergan or any Affiliated Companies on or after January 1, 2011 and the rights and benefits, if any, of Employees or Participants whose employment with Allergan or any Affiliated Companies terminated prior to January 1, 2011 shall be determined in accordance with the provisions of the Plan then in effect unless otherwise provided herein and subject to any modification provided herein that may affect the payment of benefits under the Plan.

1.4     Amendments to Plan .  The Plan has been amended from time to time since its Original Effective Date of July 26, 1989 to reflect changes in the Plan’s operations and applicable law including, but not limited to, the following:

(a)    This Plan document for the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2011), which (i) restates the Plan by incorporating the provisions of the First, Second, and Third Amendments to the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2008), which amendments amended the Plan for certain changes made by the Pension Protection Act (including authorizing rollovers to Roth IRAs, adding funding-based limitations under Code section 436 and reflecting new actuarial assumptions applicable under Code sections 417(e)(3) and 415) and the Heroes Earnings and Assistance Relief Tax Act of 2008, conformed Plan language with the updated Treasury Regulations issued under Code section 415, revised the definition of Compensation for Code section 415 purposes to include payments made to an Employee for services rendered during the course of employment and paid within two and a half months of Severance, changed the normal form of qualified joint and survivor annuity from 50% to 100%, and clarified that the children’s survivor benefit will equal the amount that would be paid to a spouse as a 50% joint and


survivor annuity; and (ii) amends the Plan to change the “stability period” and “lookback month” used for interest rate assumptions under Code section 417(e)(3) for Annuity Starting Dates on and after January 1, 2011.

(b)    The Plan document for the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2008) that incorporated the provisions of the First and Second Amendments to the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2005) and amended the Plan: (i) to comply with all changes made by the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (with technical corrections made by the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002), the Pension Funding Equity Act of 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, and the Gulf Opportunity Zone Act of 2005 as well as the changes to the qualification requirements listed on the “2006 Cumulative List of Changes in Plan Qualification Requirements” as set forth in Notice 2007-3, (ii) to comply with certain changes made by the Pension Protection Act of 2006 by (1) adding a 75% contingent beneficiary payment option, (2) extending the distribution election period from 90 days to up to 180 days and providing that distribution elections will include an explanation of a Participant’s right to defer and the effect of deferring benefit payment, and (3) permitting non-spouse beneficiaries to elect direct rollovers of lump sum distributions, and (iii) to clarify certain operational provisions regarding, including but not limited to, the pension amount paid for benefit commencement dates after age 65.

(c)    The Plan document for the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2005) that incorporated the provisions of the amendments made under the First and Second Amendments to the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2003) and amended the Plan to eliminate the mandatory cash-out of Accrued Benefits that do not exceed $5,000 effective March 28, 2005.

(d)    Amendments to the Plan that (i) limited participation in the Plan to those Employees who were Eligible Employees (as defined in Section 2.17(b)) on September 30, 2002 who made a one-time irrevocable election to continue active participation in the Plan for Plan Years beginning on and after January 1, 2003 until their participation is terminated under the terms of the Plan in lieu of ceasing active participation in the Plan and participating in the Retirement Contribution feature of the Allergan, Inc. Savings and Investment Plan as provided under and subject to the terms of that plan and (ii) provided further that those Employees who elected to cease active participation in the Plan: (1) shall not be credited with Benefit Years after December 31, 2002 but shall continue to be credited with Vesting Years as provided under the terms of the Plan and (2) shall be entitled to a monthly pension upon completing five (5) Vesting Years or upon reaching the Special Retirement Eligibility Date and completing one (1) Vesting Year, the amount of which shall be equal to their Accrued Benefit determined as of December 31, 2002, at such times and in such forms as permitted under the Plan.

(e)    Amendments to the Plan that in connection with the distribution of the stock of Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. (“AMO”) by Allergan to its stockholders on June 29, 2002, provided that (i) AMO Employees (as defined in Section 2.20) shall cease to be eligible to participate in the Plan and shall cease to be credited with Benefit Years and

 

2


Vesting Years under the Plan, (ii) AMO Employees shall have a nonforfeitable interest in their Accrued Benefits notwithstanding Section 5.11, and (iii) the assets attributable to, and the liabilities relating to, arising out of, or resulting from the Accrued Benefits of AMO Employees shall remain with the Pension Plan and shall be payable from the Plan to AMO Employees at such times and in such forms as permitted under the Plan.

(f)    Amendments to the Plan that in connection with the closure of the Allergan, Inc. Medical Plastics facility in Santa Ana, California (“Medical Plastics”), provided that (i) Participants whose employment is terminated as a result of the closure of Medical Plastics, as determined by the payroll records of the Sponsor or any Affiliated Company shall have a nonforfeitable interest in their Accrued Benefits notwithstanding Section 5.11 effective as of their termination dates, and (ii) the Accrued Benefits of such Participants shall be payable from the Plan to such Participants at such times and in such forms as permitted under the Plan.

1.5     Plan Qualification .  The Plan is an employee benefit plan that is intended to qualify under Code Section 401(a) as a qualified pension plan so as to assure that the trust created under the Plan is tax exempt pursuant to Code Section 501(a). The Plan’s last determination letter was issued by the Internal Revenue Service on September 22, 2010 with respect to the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan (Restated 2008). This Plan document is intended to reflect all law changes made by the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 (with technical corrections made by the Job Creation and Worker Assistance Act of 2002), the Pension Funding Equity Act of 2004, the American Jobs Creation Act of 2004, the Gulf Opportunity Zone Act of 2005, the Pension Protection Act of 2006, and the Heroes Earnings Assistance and Relief Tax Act of 2008, as well as the changes to the qualification requirements listed on the “2009 Cumulative List of Changes in Plan Qualification Requirements” as set forth in Notice 2009-98.

 

3


ARTICLE II

DEFINITIONS

2.1     Accrued Benefit .  “Accrued Benefit” shall mean, for each Participant, the amount of pension accrued by him or her under Article IV as of the date of reference. An Accrued Benefit shall only be payable in accordance with Articles V and VII.

2.2     Active Participant .  “Active Participant” shall mean a Participant who is an Eligible Employee.

2.3     Actuarial Equivalent .  “Actuarial Equivalent” shall mean a benefit of equal actuarial value under the assumptions set forth in Appendix A.

2.4     Affiliated Company .  “Affiliated Company” shall mean (i) any corporation, other than the Sponsor, which is included in a controlled group of corporations (within the meaning of Code Section 414(b)) of which the Sponsor is a member, (ii) any trade or business, other than the Sponsor, which is under common control (within the meaning of Code Section 414(c)) with the Sponsor, (iii) any entity or organization, other than the Sponsor, which is a member of an affiliated service group (within the meaning of Code Section 414(m)) of which the Sponsor is a member, and (iv) any entity or organization, other than the Sponsor, which is affiliated with the Sponsor under Code Section 414(o). An entity shall be an Affiliated Company pursuant to this Section only during the period of time in which such entity has the required relationship with the Sponsor under clauses (i), (ii), (iii) or (iv) of this Section after the Original Effective Date of the Plan.

2.5     Age .  “Age” shall mean a Participant’s age at his or her most recent birthday.

2.6     Annuity Starting Date .  “Annuity Starting Date” shall mean the first day of the first period for which a Participant’s pension is paid as an annuity or as any other optional form of benefit.

2.7     Average Earnings .  “Average Earnings” shall mean, for each Participant, 12 times the monthly average of his or her Earnings for the 60 consecutive months that yield the highest average. For purposes of this Section, (i) nonconsecutive months interrupted only by months in which a Participant has no Earnings shall be treated as consecutive and (ii) unless the Sponsor expressly determines otherwise, and except as is expressly provided otherwise in the Plan or in resolutions of the Board of Directors, amounts paid to a Participant by a domestic Affiliated Company prior to the effective date on which it became an Affiliated Company (that would have been Earnings if paid by the Company) before he or she became a Participant shall be treated as Earnings but only to the extent such Earnings when added to the Earnings actually paid by the Company do not result in more than 60 consecutive months of Earnings. If a Participant does not have Earnings for 60 consecutive months, his or her Average Earnings shall be 12 times the monthly average of his or her Earnings. For periods beginning on or after April 1, 2000, a partial month of employment shall be taken into account only if doing so yields a higher monthly average.

 

4


2.8     Beneficiary .  “Beneficiary” or “Beneficiaries” shall mean the person or persons last designated by the Participant to receive the interest of a deceased Participant.

2.9     Benefit Year .  “Benefit Year” shall mean a credit used to measure a Participant’s service in calculating his or her Accrued Benefit. Each Participant shall be credited with a number of Benefit Years equal to 1/365th of (i) the aggregate number of days between his or her Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) of the Employee and the Severance Date which immediately follows that Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) and (ii) the aggregate number of days during a Period of Severance of less than 30 days, but in each case, disregarding any day such Participant is not an Active Participant and, for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2003, any day such Participant is on an “Extended Leave of Absence” as such term is defined in the Allergan, Inc. Welfare Benefits Plan.

2.10     Board of Directors .  “Board of Directors” shall mean the Board of Directors of the Sponsor (or its delegate) as it may from time to time be constituted.

2.11     Code .  “Code” shall mean the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986 and the regulations thereunder. “Puerto Rico Code” shall mean the Puerto Rico Internal Revenue Code of 1994 and the regulations thereunder. Reference to a specific United States Internal Revenue Code Section or Puerto Rico Internal Revenue Code Section shall be deemed also to refer to any applicable regulations under that Section, and shall also include any comparable provisions of future legislation that amend, supplement or supersede that specific Section.

2.12     Committee .  “Committee” shall mean the committee to be appointed under the provisions of Section 9.1 to administer the Plan.

2.13     Company .  “Company” shall mean collectively the Sponsor and each Affiliated Company that adopts the Plan in accordance with Section 10.2.

2.14     Earnings .  “Earnings” shall mean the following:

(a)    Earnings shall include amounts paid during a Plan Year to an Employee by the Company for services rendered, including base earnings, commissions and similar incentive compensation, cost of living allowances earned within the United States of America, holiday pay, overtime earnings, pay received for election board duty, pay received for jury and witness duty, pay received for military service (annual training), pay received for being available for work, if required (call-in premium), shift differential and premium, sickness/accident related pay, vacation pay, vacation shift premium, and bonus amounts paid under the (i) Sales Bonus Program, (ii) Management Bonus Plan or Executive Bonus Plan, either in cash or in restricted stock, and (iii) group performance sharing payments, such as the “Partners for Success.”

(b)    Earnings shall include amounts of salary reduction elected by the Employee under a Code Section 401(k) cash or deferred arrangement or a Code Section 125 cafeteria plan or a Puerto Rico Code Section 1165(e) cash or deferred

 

5


arrangement, amounts deferred under the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, and amounts paid to an Employee pursuant to a “split pay arrangement” between the Company and an Affiliated Company.

(c)    Earnings shall not include business expense reimbursements; Company gifts or the value of Company gifts; Company stock related options and payments; employee referral awards; flexible compensation credits paid in cash; special overseas payments, allowances and adjustments including, but not limited to, pay for cost of living adjustments and differentials paid for service outside of the United States (including Puerto Rico), expatriate reimbursement payments, and tax equalization payments; forms of imputed income; long-term disability pay; payment for loss of Company car; Company car allowance; payments for patents or for writing articles; relocation and moving expenses; retention and employment incentive payments; severance pay; long-term incentive awards, bonuses or payments; “Impact Award” payments; “Employee of the Year” payments; “Awards for Excellence” payments; special group incentive payments and individual recognition payments which are nonrecurring in nature; tuition reimbursement; and contributions by the Company under the Plan or distributions hereunder, any contributions or distributions pursuant to any other plan sponsored by the Company and qualified under Code Section 401(a) and/or Puerto Rico Code Section 1165 (other than contributions constituting salary reduction amounts elected by the Employee under a Code Section 401(k) cash or deferred arrangement or a Puerto Rico Code Section 1165(e) cash or deferred arrangement), any payments under a health or welfare plan sponsored by the Company, or premiums paid by the Company under any insurance plan for the benefit of Employees.

(d)    For purposes of this Section and notwithstanding paragraph (a) above, (i) for periods on or after January 1, 2005, Earnings shall not include lump sum amounts paid to Employees under the Company’s vacation buy-back policy, (ii) for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2003, if a Participant is not an Active Participant at any time during the month, he or she shall be deemed to have no Earnings for that month, (iii) for the period beginning on April 1, 2001 and ending on December 31, 2002, if a Participant is an Employee at any time during a month, Earnings for that month shall be the Earnings actually paid to the Participant during such month, and (iv) for periods prior to April 1, 2001, if a Participant is not an Employee for the entire month, he or she shall be deemed to have no Earnings for that month.

(e)    Earnings shall not exceed $200,000, as adjusted for cost-of-living increases in accordance with Code Section 401(a)(17)(B), for purposes of determining all benefits provided under the Plan. Any cost-of-living adjustments in effect for a calendar year shall apply to the Plan Year beginning with or within such calendar year. For purposes of determining benefits provided under the Plan in a Plan Year beginning on or after January 1, 2002, Earnings for any prior Plan Year shall not exceed $200,000.

2.15     Effective Date .  “Effective Date” of this restated Plan shall mean January 1, 2005 except as provided herein or as otherwise required for the Plan to continue to maintain its

 

6


qualified status under Code Section 401(a). The “Original Effective Date” of the Plan shall mean July 26, 1989.

2.16     Eligibility Computation Period .  “Eligibility Computation Period” shall mean a 365 day period used for determining whether an Employee is eligible to participate in the Plan. Each Employee shall be credited with (i) the aggregate number of days between each Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) of the Employee and the Severance Date which immediately follows that Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) and (ii) the aggregate number of days during a Period of Severance of less than twelve months.

2.17     Eligible Employee .  “Eligible Employee” shall mean:

(a)    For Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 2003 and subject to paragraph (d) below, an Eligible Employee is any “Election Eligible Employee” who makes a one-time irrevocable election under procedures established by the Sponsor to continue as an Active Participant for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 2003 and who did not incur a Severance on or after October 1, 2002. An “Election Eligible Employee” is any Employee who is an Eligible Employee (as defined in paragraph (b) below) on September 30, 2002. The classification of an Employee as an Eligible Employee for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 2003 shall be determined solely from the records obtained during the election period established by the Sponsor.

(b)    For the 2002 Plan Year only and subject to paragraph (d) below, an Eligible Employee is any Employee who is employed by the Company but not by a joint venture in which the Company is a joint venturer and whose Employment Commencement Date or most recent Reemployment Commencement Date is prior to October 1, 2002; provided, however, if a former Employee is rehired on or after October 1, 2002 but prior to January 1, 2003 and would be an Eligible Employee but for his or her Reemployment Commencement Date, he or she shall be an Eligible Employee commencing on his or her Reemployment Commencement Date but shall cease to be an Eligible Employee as of January 1, 2003. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Leased Employee or an Employee of the Company who, as of October 1, 2002, is neither a United States citizen nor a United States resident shall not be an Eligible Employee.

(c)    For Plan Years beginning prior to January 1, 2002 and subject to paragraph (d) below, an Eligible Employee is any Employee who is employed by the Company but not by a joint venture in which the Company is a joint venturer; provided, however, a Leased Employee or an Employee of the Company who is neither a United States citizen nor a United States resident shall not be an Eligible Employee.

(d)    Notwithstanding paragraphs (a), (b), and (c) above, (i) an Employee with respect to whom retirement benefits have been the subject of good faith collective bargaining shall be an Eligible Employee to the extent a collective bargaining agreement relating to him or her so provides and (ii) a temporary employee classified as such by the

 

7


Sponsor or an Affiliated Company shall not be an Eligible Employee for Plan Years beginning prior to January 1, 1996.

2.18     Eligible Retirement Plan .  “Eligible Retirement Plan” shall mean (i) an individual retirement account or annuity described in Code Section 408(a) or 408(b) or a Roth IRA described in Code Section 408A(b), (ii) a qualified retirement plan described in Code Section 401(a) or 403(a) that accepts Eligible Rollover Distributions, (iii) an annuity contract described in Code Section 403(b) that accepts Eligible Rollover Distributions, and (iv) an eligible plan described in Code Section 457(b) which is maintained by a state, political subdivision of a state, or any agency or instrumentality of a state or political subdivision of a state and which agrees to separately account for amounts transferred into such plan from this Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, “Eligible Retirement Plan” shall refer only to (i) with respect to a Participant or Beneficiary who is a resident of Puerto Rico, a qualified retirement plan described in Code Section 401(a) or 403(a) that accepts Eligible Rollover Distributions and that is also a qualified plan under Puerto Rico Code Section 1165 and (ii) with respect to a non-spouse Beneficiary, an individual retirement account or annuity described in Code Section 408(a) or 408(b) or a Roth IRA described in Code Section 408A(b).

2.19     Eligible Rollover Distribution .  “Eligible Rollover Distribution” shall mean any distribution of all or any portion of the balance to the credit of the Distributee, except that an Eligible Rollover Distribution shall not include:

(a)    any distribution that is one of a series of substantially equal periodic payments (not less frequently than annually) made for the life (or life expectancy) of the Distributee or the joint lives (or joint life expectancies) of the Distributee and the Distributee’s designated beneficiary, or for a specified period of ten years or more;

(b)    any distribution to the extent such distribution is required under Code Section 401(a)(9);

(c)    the portion of any distribution that is not includible in gross income (determined without regard to the exclusion for net unrealized appreciation with respect to employer securities); and

(d)    any other distribution that is reasonably expected to total less than $200 during the year.

For purposes of this Section, ‘Distributee’ shall mean any Employee or former Employee receiving a distribution from the Plan. A Distributee also includes the Employee or former Employee’s Beneficiary and the Employee or former Employee’s spouse or former spouse who is the Alternate Payee under a Qualified Domestic Relations Order (as defined in Article XIII) with regard to the interest of the spouse or former spouse. For purposes of the Puerto Rico Code, any distribution to a Distributee who is a resident of Puerto Rico shall be an Eligible Rollover Distribution.

 

8


2.20     Employee .  “Employee” shall mean, for purposes of the Plan, any individual who is employed by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company, any portion of whose income is subject to withholding of income tax and/or for whom Social Security contributions are made by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company; provided, however, that such term shall not include:

(a)    Any individual who performs services for the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company and who is classified or paid as an independent contractor as determined by the payroll records of the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company even if a court or administrative agency determines that such individual is a common-law employee and not an independent contractor;

(b)    Any individual who performs services for the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company pursuant to an agreement between the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company and any other person including a leasing organization except to the extent such individual is a Leased Employee; and

(c)    Any individual whose employment is transferred from the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company to Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. (“AMO”) in connection with the distribution of the stock of AMO by the Sponsor to its stockholders, effective as of the day following such transfer, hereinafter referred to as an “AMO Employee.” An individual is an AMO Employee if classified or identified as such in the payroll records of the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company or in the Employee Matters Agreement entered into between the Sponsor and AMO.

Effective January 1, 2009, solely to the extent required by Code Section 414(u)(12), the term “Employee” shall include an individual receiving differential wage payments (within the meaning of Code Section 414(u)(12)(D)) from the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company.

2.21     Employment Commencement Date .  “Employment Commencement Date” shall mean the date on which an Employee is first credited with an Hour of Service for the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company. An Employee shall not, for the purpose of determining his or her Employment Commencement Date, be deemed to have commenced employment with an Affiliated Company prior to the effective date on which the entity became an Affiliated Company unless the Sponsor expressly determines otherwise, and except as is expressly provided otherwise in the Plan, in Appendix C to the Plan, or in resolutions of the Board of Directors.

2.22     ERISA .  “ERISA” shall mean the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 and the regulations thereunder. Reference to a specific ERISA Section shall be deemed also to refer to any applicable regulations under that Section, and shall also include any comparable provisions of future legislation that amend, supplement or supersede that specific Section.

2.23     Fund .  “Fund” shall mean the assets accumulated for purposes of the Plan.

 

9


2.24     Highly Compensated Employee .  “Highly Compensated Employee” shall mean:

(a)    An Employee who performed services for the Company during the Plan Year or preceding Plan Year and is a member of one or more of the following groups:

(i)    Employees who at any time during the Plan Year or preceding Plan Year are or were Five Percent Owners (as defined in Section 12.2).

(ii)    Employees who received Compensation during the preceding Plan Year from the Company in excess of $80,000 (as adjusted in such manner as permitted under Code Section 414(q)(1)).

(b)    The term “Highly Compensated Employee” includes a Former Highly Compensated Employee. A Former Highly Compensated Employee is any Employee who was (i) a Highly Compensated Employee when he or she terminated employment with the Company or (ii) a Highly Compensated Employee at any time after attaining age 55. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an Employee who separated from service prior to 1987 shall be treated as a Former Highly Compensated Former Employee only if during the separation year (or year preceding the separation year) or any year after the Employee attains age 55 (or the last year ending before the Employee’s 55th birthday), the Employee either received Compensation in excess of $50,000 or was a Five Percent Owner (as defined in Section 12.2).

(c)    For the purpose of this Section , the term “Compensation” means compensation as defined in Code Section 415(c)(3), as set forth in Section 5.12.

(d)    For the purpose of this Section, the term “Company” shall mean the Sponsor and any Affiliated Company.

The determination of who is a Highly Compensated Employee, including the determination of the Compensation that is considered, shall be made in accordance with Code Section 414(q) and applicable regulations to the extent permitted thereunder.

2.25     Hour of Service .  “Hour of Service” shall mean an hour for which an Employee is paid or entitled to payment for the performance of duties for the Sponsor and any Affiliated Company.

2.26     Investment Manager .  “Investment Manager” shall mean the one or more Investment Managers, if any, that are appointed pursuant to the provisions of Section 9.15 and who constitute investment managers under Section 3(38) of ERISA.

2.27     Leased Employee .  “Leased Employee” shall mean any person (other than an Employee of the recipient) who pursuant to an agreement between the recipient and any other person (“leasing organization”) has performed services for the recipient (or for the recipient and related persons determined in accordance with Code Section 414(n)(6)) on a substantially full time basis for a period of at least one (1) year, and such services are performed under the primary

 

10


direction or control by recipient employer. Contributions or benefits provided to a Leased Employee by a leasing organization which are attributable to services performed for the recipient employer shall be treated as provided by the recipient employer. A Leased Employee shall not be considered an Employee of the recipient if Leased Employees do not constitute more than 20 percent of the recipient’s nonhighly compensated workforce and such Leased Employee is covered by a money purchase pension plan providing (i) a nonintegrated employer contribution rate of at least ten (10) percent of compensation as defined under Code Section 415(c)(3); (ii) immediate participation; and (iii) full and immediate vesting.

2.28     Normal Retirement Date .  “Normal Retirement Date” shall mean the date a Participant attains age 65.

2.29     Participant .  “Participant” shall mean: (i) an Active Participant, or (ii) a former Active Participant who is eligible for an immediate or deferred benefit under Article V.

2.30     Period of Severance .  “Period of Severance” shall mean the period of time commencing on an Employee’s Severance Date and ending on the Employee’s subsequent Reemployment Commencement Date, if any.

2.31     Plan .  “Plan” shall mean the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan described herein and as amended from time to time.

2.32     Plan Administrator .  “Plan Administrator” shall mean the administrator of the Plan within the meaning of Section 3(16)(A) of ERISA. The Plan Administrator shall be the Allergan Executive Committee whose members are appointed by the Board of Directors pursuant to the provisions of Section 9.1 to administer the Plan.

2.33     Plan Year .  “Plan Year” shall mean the calendar year. The Plan Year shall be the limitation year for purposes of computing limitations on contributions, benefits and allocations.

2.34     Primary Social Security Benefit .  “Primary Social Security Benefit” shall mean for purposes of determining a Participant’s Accrued Benefit:

(a)    for an Employee whose Severance occurs on or after the date he or she attains Age 62, the immediate benefit that is or would have been payable to him or her at Age 65 or his or her actual retirement, if earlier, under the Social Security Act (or foreign equivalent) as then in effect; or

(b)    for an Employee whose Severance occurs prior to Age 62, the benefit that would be payable to him or her at Age 62 under the Social Security Act (or foreign equivalent) as in effect when he or she incurs a Severance, without adjustments for cost of living, projected on the assumption that for each month before Age 60, he or she continues to receive wages for Social Security purposes equal to one-twelfth of his or her Earnings for the calendar year preceding the year in which his or her Severance occurs, and that he or she shall receive no further wages for Social Security purposes after the later of Age 60 or his or her actual Severance.

 

11


2.35     Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity .  “Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity” shall mean the form of pension benefit described in this Section. Under a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity, monthly payments to the Participant shall begin on the date provided in Article V and continue until the last day of the month in which the Participant’s death occurs. On the first day of the following month, monthly payments in an amount equal to 100% of the monthly payment to the Participant which is attributable to his or her Accrued Benefit shall begin to his or her surviving spouse but only if the spouse was married to the Participant on the date as of which payments to the Participant began. Payments to a surviving spouse under a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity shall end on the last day of the month in which the spouse’s death occurs. The anticipated payments under a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity shall be the actuarial equivalent of a pension in the form of a Single Life Annuity in the amount set forth in Article V.

2.36     Reemployment Commencement Date .  “Reemployment Commencement Date” shall mean, in the case of an Employee who incurs a Severance and who is subsequently reemployed by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company, the first day following the Severance on which the Employee is credited with an Hour of Service for the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company with respect to which he or she is compensated or entitled to compensation by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company. An Employee shall not, for the purpose of determining his or her Reemployment Commencement Date, be deemed to have commenced employment with an Affiliated Company prior to the effective date on which the entity became an Affiliated Company unless the Sponsor shall expressly determine otherwise, and except as is expressly provided otherwise in the Plan or in resolutions of the Board of Directors.

2.37     Severance .  “Severance” shall mean the termination of an Employee’s employment with the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company by reason of such Employee’s death, retirement, resignation or discharge, or otherwise. For purposes of determining a Participant’s Vesting Years and Benefit Years, such Participant shall not incur a Severance by reason of the following:

(a)    absence due to service in the Armed Forces of the United States, if: (i) the Employee makes application to the Company for resumption of work with the Company, following discharge, within the time specified by then applicable law or absence due to qualified military service if so required by Code Section 414(u); or (ii) solely for the purpose of determining Vesting Years, the Participant dies on or after January 1, 2007 while performing “qualified military service,” as defined in Code Section 414(u)(5);

(b)    absence resulting from temporary disability on account of illness or accident;

(c)    absence while covered by a long term disability plan maintained by the Company that is prior to the earlier of (i) a Participant’s Normal Retirement Date (or, if later, such date the Participant is no longer classified as an Eligible Employee as determined by the payroll records of the Sponsor or Affiliated Company or (ii) the date

 

12


his or her pension under the Plan commences, provided that the Participant has at least five (5) Vesting Years as of the first date of such absence; or

(d)    such other types of absence as the Company may determine by uniform policy.

2.38     Severance Date .  “Severance Date” shall mean, in the case of any Employee who incurs a Severance, the day on which such Employee is deemed to have incurred such Severance as determined in accordance with the provisions of Section 2.37. In the case of any Employee who incurs a Severance as provided under Section 2.37 and who is entitled to a subsequent payment of compensation for reasons other than future services (e.g., as back pay for past services rendered or as payments in the nature of severance pay), the Severance Date of such Employee shall be as of the effective date of the Severance event (e.g., the date of his or her death, effective date of a resignation or discharge, etc.), and the subsequent payment of the aforementioned type of post-Severance compensation shall not operate to postpone the timing of the Severance Date for purposes of the Plan except as provided in Section 2.37.

2.39     Single Life Annuity .  “Single Life Annuity” shall mean the form of pension benefit described in this Section. Under a Single Life Annuity, monthly payments to the Participant shall begin on the date provided in Article V and continue until the last day of the month in which the Participant’s death occurs.

2.40     SKB Plan .  “SKB Plan” shall mean the Retirement Plan for Employees of SmithKline Beckman Corporation.

2.41     Special Retirement Eligibility Date .  “Special Retirement Eligibility Date” shall mean the date a Participant attains age 62.

2.42     Spin-Off Date .  “Spin-Off Date” shall mean on or about July 26, 1989, SmithKline Beckman Corporation distributed the stock of the Sponsor to its shareholders, rendering Eligible Employees of the Company ineligible to participate in the SKB Plan. The liability for the accrued benefits of Eligible Employees under the SKB Plan and assets sufficient to satisfy applicable legal requirements were transferred to the Plan in November of 1989. The benefits which were previously provided by the SKB Plan for former employees of Company who terminated prior to the Spin-Off Date shall be paid under the Plan.

2.43     Sponsor .  “Sponsor” shall mean Allergan, Inc., a Delaware corporation, and any successor corporation or entity.

2.44     Trust .  “Trust” or” Trust Fund” shall mean the one or more trusts created for funding purposes under the Plan.

2.45     Trustee .  “Trustee” shall mean the individual or entity acting as a trustee of the Trust Fund.

2.46     Vesting Year .  “Vesting Year” shall mean a credit awarded as follows:

 

13


(a)    In the case of any Employee who was employed by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company at any time prior to the Original Effective Date, for the period prior to the Original Effective Date, such Employee shall be credited with that number of Vesting Years under this Plan equal to the number of Vesting Years (as that term is defined in the SKB Plan) credited to such Employee under the SKB Plan as of the Original Effective Date.

(b)    In the case of any Employee who is employed by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company on or after the Original Effective Date, an Employee shall be credited with a number of Vesting Years equal to 1/365th of (i) the aggregate number of days between each Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) of the Employee and the Severance Date which immediately follows that Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) and (ii) the aggregate number of days for any Period of Severance of less than twelve months. Solely for the purpose of determining an Employee’s Vesting Years under this paragraph (b), in the case of an Employee who is employed by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company on the Original Effective Date, that date shall be deemed to be an Employment Commencement Date of the Employee (with Vesting Years for the period prior to the Original Effective Date determined under paragraph (a) above).

(c)    In the case of any Employee who is employed under Departments 120 through 130 at the Allergan Medical Optics—Lenoir facility, such Employee shall be credited with a number of Vesting Years equal to 1/365th of (i) the aggregate number of days between each Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) of the Employee and the Severance Date which immediately follows that Employment Commencement Date (or Reemployment Commencement Date) and (ii) the aggregate number of days for any Period of Severance of less than twelve months. Solely for the purpose of determining an Employee’s Vesting Years under this paragraph (c), an Employee’s Employment Commencement Date or Reemployment Commencement Date shall include dates prior to Allergan Medical Optics—Lenoir facility becoming an Affiliated Company.

 

14


ARTICLE III

PARTICIPATION

3.1     Participation for the 2003 Plan Year and thereafter.   For Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 2003, participation in the Plan shall be determined as follows:

(a)    Each Employee or former Employee who is a Participant in the Plan as of December 31, 2002 shall continue as a Participant and each Participant who is an Active Participant in the Plan as of December 31, 2002 shall continue as an Active Participant so long as he or she is an Eligible Employee (as defined in Section 2.17(a)). Any other Employee shall not be eligible to become a Participant in the Plan and any Participant who is not an Active Participant on January 1, 2003 shall not be eligible to become an Active Participant in the Plan.

(b)    If an Active Participant incurs a Severance after January 1, 2003 and is subsequently reemployed, he or she shall not be reinstated as an Active Participant but shall continue to be credited with Vesting Service in accordance with Section 2.46 and shall be entitled to a monthly pension upon completing five (5) Vesting Years or reaching the Special Retirement Eligibility Date and completing one (1) Vesting Year, the amount of which shall be equal to his or her Accrued Benefit determined as of his or her first Severance Date following January 1, 2003, at such times and in such forms as permitted under Article V.

3.2     Participation for the 2002 Plan Year .  For the 2002 Plan Year, each Employee or former Employee who is a Participant in the Plan as of December 31, 2001 shall continue as a Participant and each Participant who is an Active Participant in the Plan as of December 31, 2001 shall continue as an Active Participant so long as he or she is an Eligible Employee (as defined in Section 2.17(b)). Any other Eligible Employee (as defined in Section 2.17(b)) shall become a Participant in the Plan on the later of: (i) the date the Eligible Employee completes his or her Eligibility Computation Period, or December 31, 2002, if earlier, or (ii) the date the Employee becomes an Eligible Employee, and shall continue as an Active Participant so long as he or she is an Eligible Employee.

3.3     Participation prior to the 2002 Plan Year .  For Plan Years prior to January 1, 2002, each Eligible Employee (as defined in Section 2.17(c)) became a Participant in the Plan on the later of: (i) the date the Employee completed his or her Eligibility Computation Period or (ii) the date the Employee became an Eligible Employee, and continued as an Active Participant so long as he or she was an Eligible Employee.

 

15


ARTICLE IV

ACCRUAL OF BENEFITS

4.1     Accrued Benefit Formula .  Each Participant shall have an Accrued Benefit equal to one-twelfth (1/12) of the sum of:

(a)    1.23% of his or her Average Earnings not in excess of Covered Compensation multiplied by the number of his or her Benefit Years to a maximum of 35 Benefit Years; plus

(b)    1.73% of his or her Average Earnings in excess of Covered Compensation multiplied by the number of his or her Benefit Years to a maximum of 35 Benefit Years; plus

(c)    .50% of his or her Average Earnings multiplied by the number of his or her Benefit Years in excess of 35 Benefit Years.

For purposes of this Section, “Covered Compensation” is the average (without indexing) of the social security wage bases in effect for each calendar year during the 35-year period ending with the calendar year in which the Participant attains (or will attain) the social security retirement age as defined in Code Section 415(b)(8). In determining a Participant’s Covered Compensation for a Plan Year, it is assumed that the social security wage base in effect at the beginning of the Plan Year will remain the same for all future calendar years.”

4.2     Minimum Accrued Benefit .  Notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan, under no circumstances shall any Participant’s Accrued Benefit under the Plan be less than the amount of his or her accrued benefit under the SKB Plan as of the Spin-Off Date under the terms of the SKB Plan in effect as of that date, including any amendments made to the SKB Plan which are effective on the Spin-Off Date, notwithstanding the fact that they may have been adopted after such date.

4.3     Accrued Benefit for Participants with Earnings in excess of $150,000 prior to January 1, 1994 .  The Accrued Benefit of a “Section 401(a)(17) Employee” shall be the greater of:

(a)    The Section 401(a)(17) Employee’s Accrued Benefit determined under the benefit formula in effect on or after January 1, 1994 taking into account all Benefit Years of the Section 401(a)(17) Employee; or

(b)    the sum of:

(i)    the Section 401(a)(17) Employee’s Accrued Benefit determined as of December 31, 1993 frozen in accordance with Section 1.401(a)(4)-13 of the Treasury Regulations; and

 

16


(ii)    the Section 401(a)(17) Employee’s Accrued Benefit determined under the benefit formula applicable for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 1994 taking into account only those Benefit Years of the Section 401(a)(17) Employee credited on or after January 1, 1994; or

(c)    the sum of:

(i)    the Employee’s Accrued Benefit determined as of December 31, 1988 under the SKB Plan and frozen in accordance with Section 1.401(a)(4)-13 of the Treasury Regulations; and

(ii)    the Section 401(a)(17) Employee’s Accrued Benefit determined under the benefit formula applicable for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 1989 taking into account only those Benefit Years of the Section 401(a)(17) Employee credited on or after January 1, 1989 and before January 1, 1994; and

(iii)    the Section 401(a)(17) Employee’s Accrued Benefit determined under the benefit formula applicable for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 1994 taking into account only those Benefit Years of the Section 401(a)(17) Employee credited on or after January 1, 1994.

For purposes of this Section, a “Section 401(a)(17) Employee” means a Participant whose current Accrued Benefit as of January 1, 1994 is based on Earnings in excess of $150,000.

4.4     Accrued Benefit for Participants participating in the Voluntary Early Retirement Incentive Program (“VERI”) .  The Accrued Benefit of a “VERI Employee” shall be determined as follows:

(a)    For the purpose of calculating the Accrued Benefit of a VERI Employee under Section 4.1, a VERI Employee shall be credited with five (5) Benefit Years in addition to the number of Benefit Years credited under Section 2.9.

(b)    The early retirement reduction factors of Sections 5.3(a) and 5.3(b) shall not apply to reduce the monthly pension derived from the Accrued Benefit of a VERI Employee.

For purposes of this Section 4.4 and Section 4.5 below, a “VERI Employee” means a Participant who has elected by August 31, 1998 (or such later date as approved by the Sponsor but in no event later than September 30, 1998) to participate in the Voluntary Early Retirement Incentive program offered by the Sponsor.

4.5     Temporary Supplemental Monthly Benefit for Participants participating in the Voluntary Early Retirement Incentive Program .  In addition to his or her Accrued Benefit, a VERI Employee shall receive a temporary supplemental monthly pension determined as follows:

 

17


(a)    A VERI Employee who is unmarried when his or her monthly pension payments begin shall receive a temporary supplemental monthly pension following the month in which his or her retirement occurs and continuing until the earlier of (i) the month in which the VERI Employee attains age 62 or (ii) the month in which the VERI Employee dies. The amount of the temporary supplemental monthly pension shall be determined in accordance with the following Table:

 

Age at

December 31, 1998

  

Amount of

Supplemental Monthly Pension

60-61

   $500.00

55-59

   $400.00

50-54

   $300.00

(b)    A VERI Employee who is married when his or her monthly pension payments begin shall receive a temporary supplemental monthly pension following the month in which his or her retirement occurs and continuing until the earlier of (i) the month in which the VERI Employee attain age 62 or (ii) the month in which the VERI Employee dies unless the VERI Employee elects to receive his or her monthly pension in the form of (i) a contingent beneficiary option, (ii) a guaranteed payment option, or (iii) a level income option as described in Section 6.4. In such case, if the married VERI Employee dies before reaching age 62, his or her temporary supplemental monthly pension shall be paid to his or her spouse, if living, and shall continue until the month in which the VERI Employee would have attained age 62. The amount of the temporary supplemental monthly pension shall be determined in accordance with the Table set forth in subsection (a) above.

 

18


ARTICLE V

BENEFITS

5.1     Normal Retirement .  If a Participant incurs a Severance on account of retirement on or between the Special Retirement Eligibility Date and the Normal Retirement Date, he or she shall be entitled to a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her Severance Date which is equal to his or her Accrued Benefit.

5.2     Postponed Retirement .  If a Participant incurs a Severance on account of retirement after attaining the Normal Retirement Date, he or she shall be entitled to a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her Severance Date which is equal to his or her Accrued Benefit determined as of the Normal Retirement Date increased by the greater of (i) any additional benefit accruals provided under Article IV after the Normal Retirement Date, or (ii) an actuarial adjustment to take into account a delay in the payment of the Participant’s Accrued Benefit using the actuarial assumptions set forth in Appendix A for determining actuarial equivalence. The foregoing provisions of this Section 5.2 shall be interpreted and applied in accordance with the provisions of Proposed Treasury Regulation Section 1.411(b)-2(b)(4)(iii) or the corresponding provision of any subsequently adopted final regulations.

5.3     Early Retirement .  A Participant shall be eligible for Early Retirement as set forth below:

(a)    If a Participant who has at least five (5) Vesting Years and whose age is at least 55 incurs a Severance on account of retirement, he or she shall be eligible for Early Retirement as set forth in this paragraph (a):

(i)    Such Participant shall be entitled to a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her Severance Date or, at his or her election, a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of any subsequent month not later than the Normal Retirement Date.

(ii)    Such Participant’s monthly pension shall be equal to his or her Accrued Benefit but reduced in accordance with the following Table, with the percentage for a fractional part of a year of age being prorated on the basis of a number of full months.

 

Age When

Payments

Begin

  

% of Normal Pension
Computed Under

Article IV

  

Age When

Payments

Begin

  

% of Normal Pension

Computed Under

Article IV

61

   94    57    70

60

   88    56    64

59

   82    55    58

58

   76      

 

19


(iii)    A Participant who is an AMO Employee (as defined in Section 2.20) shall be treated as having not less than five (5) Vesting Years as of the day following his or her transfer to Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. for purposes of this paragraph (a).

(b)    If a Participant who was a Participant on June 26, 1990, and who has at least five (5) Vesting Years, and whose age plus Benefit Years sum to at least 55 incurs a Severance on account of retirement, he or she shall be eligible for Early Retirement as set forth in this paragraph (b):

(i)    Such Participant shall be entitled to a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her Severance Date or, at his or her election, a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of any subsequent month not later than the Normal Retirement Date.

(ii)    Such Participant’s monthly pension shall be equal to his or her Accrued Benefit determined as of June 26, 1990, as set forth under the formula contained in Appendix B, but reduced in accordance with the following Table, with the percentage for a fractional part of a year of age being prorated on the basis of a number of full months.

 

Age When

Payments

Begin

  

% of Normal Pension
Computed Under

Article IV

  

Age When

Payments

Begin

  

% of Normal Pension

Computed Under

Article IV

61

   94    48    36

60

   88    47    34

59

   82    46    32

58

   76    45    30

57

   70    44    28

56

   64    43    27

55

   58    42    26

54

   52    41    25

53

   46    40    24

52

   44    39    23

51

   42    38    22

50

   40    37    21

49

   38      

Provided, that the above percentages shall be increased by 1% to a maximum of 10% for each of the Participant’s Benefit Years in excess of 20, with the percentage for a fractional part of a Benefit Year being prorated on the basis of the number of full months. In no event, however, shall a percentage be increased above 100%.

 

20


(iii)    Notwithstanding subparagraph (ii) above, (1) if the Participant is age 55 or older when payments begin, the Participant shall receive a total monthly pension which is the greater of the amount determined under paragraph (a)(ii) or paragraph (b)(ii) above, and (2) if the Participant is less than age 55 when benefit payments begin, the Participant shall receive a monthly pension which is determined under paragraph (b)(ii) plus an additional monthly pension commencing at age 55 which is actuarially equivalent to the excess, if any, of the actuarial equivalent value of the monthly pension under paragraph (a)(ii) determined at age 55 over the actuarial equivalent value of the monthly pension under paragraph (b)(ii) determined at age 55.

(c)    A Participant who has elected by August 31, 1998 (or such later date as approved by the Sponsor but in no event later than September 30, 1998) to participate in the Voluntary Early Retirement Incentive program offered by the Sponsor shall be entitled to a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her Severance Date or, at his or her election, a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of any subsequent month not later than the Normal Retirement Date.

(d)    If a Participant incurs a Severance and retires under this Section, and his or her monthly pension begins after the first day of the month coincident with or next following the Special Retirement Eligibility Date, such Participant shall be entitled to the monthly pension payments he or she would have received had his or her pension began as of the first day of the month following the Special Retirement Eligibility Date.

5.4     Termination of Employment .

(a)    If a Participant who has at least five (5) Vesting Years incurs a Severance for any reason other than death and is not eligible to retire under Section 5.3, he or she shall be entitled to a monthly pension that begins on the first day of the month coincident with or next following the date he or she attains age 55, or at his or her election, a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of any subsequent month not later than the Normal Retirement Date. In the event a Participant elects that his or her monthly pension begin prior to the Special Retirement Eligibility Date, the amount of his or her monthly pension shall be determined as provided in Section 5.3(a).

(b)    If a Participant who has at least five (5) Vesting Years incurs a Severance for any reason other than death and is not eligible to retire under Section 5.3 but was a Participant on June 26, 1990, he or she shall be entitled to a monthly pension that begins on the first day of the month coincident with or next following the date his or her Age and Benefit Years total 55 years, or at his or her election, a monthly pension that begins as of the first day of any subsequent month not later than the Normal Retirement Date. In the event a Participant elects that his or her monthly pension begin prior to the Special Retirement Eligibility Date, the amount of his or her monthly pension shall be determined as provided in Section 5.3(b).

 

21


(c)    If a Participant incurs a Severance and is entitled to a monthly pension under this Section, and his or her monthly pension begins after the first day of the month coincident with or next following the Special Retirement Eligibility Date, such Participant shall be entitled to the monthly pension payments he or she would have received had his or her pension began as of the first day of the month following the Special Retirement Eligibility Date. If a Participant incurs a Severance and is entitled to a monthly pension under this Section, and his or her monthly pension begins after the first day of the month coincident with or next following the Normal Retirement Date, such Participant shall be entitled to the monthly pension payments he or she would have received had his or her pension began as of the first day of the month following the Special Retirement Eligibility Date (or, if later, his or Severance Date) or, in lieu thereof, a monthly pension which is equal to his or her Accrued Benefit determined as of the Special Retirement Eligibility increased by an actuarial adjustment to take into account a delay in the payment of the Participant’s Accrued Benefit using the actuarial assumptions set forth in Appendix A for determining actuarial equivalence.

5.5     Consent to Pension Payments .  The Participant and, if applicable, the Participant’s spouse must consent to the payment or commencement of the Participant’s pension prior to the Normal Retirement Date in accordance with the following rules:

(a)    The consent of the Participant shall be obtained in writing within the election period established by the Committee which shall commence no more than 180 days prior to the Participant’s Annuity Starting Date. No such consent shall be effective with respect to a married Participant unless the Participant’s spouse consents thereto in writing. Spousal consent shall not be required if a married Participant elects a joint and survivor option providing for payment of at least 50% of his or her annuity to his or her surviving spouse or the Sponsor determines there is no spouse or the spouse cannot be located. Neither the consent of the Participant nor the Participant’s spouse shall be required to the extent the payment or commencement of the Participant’s pension is required to begin under Section 5.8.

(b)    Each Participant shall receive in written nontechnical language, a notice which shall include a general description of the material features, and an explanation of the relative values of, the available optional forms of benefit. Such notice shall be furnished to the Participant no less than 30 days and no more than 180 days prior to the Participant’s Annuity Starting Date; provided, however, the Participant’s pension may be paid or commence less than 30 days after such notice is furnished if the notice clearly informs the Participant that he or she has at least 30 days after receiving the notice to consider the decision of whether or not to elect the commencement of his or her pension (and, if applicable, an optional form of benefit), and the Participant, after receiving the notice, affirmatively elects to commence his or her pension.

5.6     Maximum Pension .  The largest aggregate annual pension that may be paid to any Participant in any Plan Year under the Plan shall be determined as follows:

(a)    Subject to paragraphs (b) through (d), the largest aggregate annual pension that may be paid to any Participant in any Plan Year, when added to the pension under

 

22


any other qualified defined benefit plan maintained by the Sponsor or any Affiliated Company, shall not exceed the lesser of:

(i)    The Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation of $160,000 ($90,000 for Plan Years prior to the 2002 Limitation Year), multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of the Participant’s years of participation (or a part thereof) in the Plan or, up to the Spin-Off Date in the SKB Plan or in the Beckman Instruments, Inc. Pension Plan, not in excess of ten, and the denominator of which is ten; or

(ii)    The Defined Benefit Compensation Limitation of 100% of the Participant’s average annual total cash remuneration from the Company in the thirty-six consecutive months which yield the highest average, multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of the Participant’s Vesting Years (or a part thereof) not in excess of ten and the denominator of which is ten.

Benefit increases resulting from the increase in the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation and the Defined Benefit Compensation Limitation under the Economic Growth and Tax Relief Reconciliation Act of 2001 shall apply to all Employees participating in the Plan who have one (1) Hour of Service on or after January 1, 2002. Notwithstanding anything in this Section to the contrary, in accordance with Code Section 415(b)(4) and the Treasury Regulations thereunder, the provisions of which are incorporated by reference, the annual pension paid to any Participant shall be deemed not to exceed limitations of this paragraph if the benefit payable for a Limitation Year under any form of benefit with respect to such Participant under this Plan and any other qualified defined benefit plan (without regard to whether a plan has been terminated) ever maintained by the Sponsor or any Affiliated Company does not exceed $10,000 multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the number of the Participant’s Vesting Years (or a part thereof) not in excess of ten and the denominator of which is ten; provided, that the Sponsor or any Affiliated Company (or a predecessor) has not at any time maintained a defined contribution plan in which the Participant participated.

(b)    The limitations set forth in this Section 5.6 shall be determined as provided below:

(i)    The Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation shall automatically be adjusted annually for increases in the cost of living as provided in Code Section 415(d). The adjusted limitation shall be effective as of January 1st of each calendar year and shall be applicable to Limitation Years ending with or within that calendar year. Such new limitation is incorporated herein by this reference and shall be substituted for the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation set forth in paragraph (a) above.

(ii)    “Cash remuneration” shall mean “compensation” as defined in Section 5.12.

(iii)    For purposes of this Section, a Participant’s pension shall be measured as a Single Life Annuity or Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity. A pension benefit shall be treated as a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity if it meets all of the requirements as defined in Section 2.35 except that the periodic

 

23


payments to the spouse may be equal to or greater than 50%, but not more than 100%, of those to the Participant.

(iv)    A benefit payable in a form other than a Single Life Annuity or Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity described in subparagraph (iii) above shall be adjusted to the Actuarial Equivalent of a Straight Life Annuity before applying the limitations of this Section. Effective for Limitation Years commencing on or after January 1, 1995, Actuarial Equivalent for the form of benefit shall be determined using (1) the interest rate and mortality table specified in Appendix A or (2) 5% interest rate (or for lump sums or other benefits subject to Code Section 417(e)(3), the applicable interest rate under Code Section 415(b)(2)(E)(ii) as determined as provided in Appendix A) and the applicable mortality table under Code Section 415(b)(2)(E)(v), whichever produces the greater Actuarial Equivalent value. Notwithstanding the foregoing sentence, if a benefit is payable in a form other than a Single Life Annuity and the benefit is subject to Code Section 417(e)(3), the benefit shall be adjusted to the Actuarial Equivalent of a Straight Life Annuity as follows:

(A)    If the Annuity Starting Date is in a Limitation Year beginning after 2005, the benefit shall be adjusted to the annual amount of the Single Life Annuity commencing at the same Annuity Starting Date that has the same actuarial present value as the Participant’s form of benefit using whichever of the following produces the greatest annual amount: (1) the interest rate and mortality table or other tabular factor specified in the Plan for adjusting benefits in the same form, (2) A 5.5% interest and the applicable mortality table specified in Appendix A, and (3) the applicable interest rate under Code Section 417(e)(3) and the applicable mortality table specified in Appendix A divided by 1.05.

(B)    If the Annuity Starting Date is in the 2004 and 2005 Limitation Year, the benefit shall be adjusted to the annual amount of the Single Life Annuity commencing at the same Annuity Starting Date that has the same actuarial present value as the Participant’s form of benefit using whichever of the following produces the greatest annual amount: (1) the interest rate and mortality table or other tabular factor specified in the Plan for adjusting benefits in the same form and (2) a 5.5% interest and the applicable mortality table specified in Appendix A.

Effective for Limitation Years commencing on or after January 1, 2006, the Actuarial Equivalent for any form of benefit not subject to Code Section 417(e)(3) shall be equal to the greater of (1) the annual amount of the Straight Life Annuity commencing at the same annuity starting date that has the same actuarial present value as the form of benefit payable to the Participant, computed using a 5% interest rate and the mortality table specified in Appendix A.2(a)(i) or (2) the annual amount of the Straight Life Annuity payable under the Plan commencing at the same annuity starting date as the form of benefit payable to the Participant.

 

24


(v)    In addition to other limitations set forth in the Plan and notwithstanding any other provisions of the Plan, the accrued benefit, including the right to any optional benefits provided in the Plan (and all other defined benefit plans required to be aggregated with this Plan under the provisions of Code Section 415) shall not increase to an amount in excess of the amount permitted under Code Section 415 at any time.

(c)    For limitation years beginning on or after January 1, 2002 and before January 1, 2008, the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation for any Participant shall be adjusted as follows:

(i)    If a Participant’s pension begins prior to age 62, the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation applicable to the Participant at such earlier age is an annual benefit payable in the form of a straight life annuity beginning at the earlier age that is the actuarial equivalent of the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation applicable to the Participant at age 62 (as adjusted under paragraph (a) above, if required). The Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation applicable at an age prior to age 62 is determined as the lesser of (1) the Actuarial Equivalent (at such age) of the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation computed using the factors specified in Section 5.3 or (2) the actuarial equivalent (at such age) of the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation computed using a 5 percent interest rate and the applicable mortality table specified in Appendix A to the Plan. Any decrease in the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation determined in accordance with this paragraph (c) shall not reflect a mortality decrement if benefits are not forfeited upon the death of the Participant. If any benefits are forfeited upon death, the full mortality decrement is taken into account.

(ii)    If a Participant’s pension begins after age 65, the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation applicable to the Participant at such later age is the annual benefit payable in the form of a straight life annuity beginning at the later age that is actuarially equivalent to the defined benefit dollar limitation applicable to the Participant at age 65 (as adjusted under paragraph (a) above, if required). The Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation applicable at an age after age 65 is determined as the lesser of (1) the Actuarial Equivalent (at such age) of the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation computed using the interest rate and mortality table specified in Appendix A to the Plan or (2) the actuarial equivalent (at such age) of the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation computed using a 5 percent interest rate assumption and the applicable mortality table specified in Appendix A to the Plan. For these purposes, mortality between age 65 and the age at which benefits commence shall be ignored.

(d)    For Limitation Years beginning prior to January 1, 2002, the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation for any Participant shall be adjusted if a Participant’s pension begins before or after he or she attains his or her Social Security Retirement Age. In such case, the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation shall be adjusted to its Actuarial Equivalent beginning at the Participant’s Social Security Retirement Age; except that if his or her pension begins before he or she attains his or her Social Security Retirement Age, but after he or she attains age 62, the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation shall be reduced by 5/9 of 1% for each of the first 36 months and 5/12 of 1% for each additional month by

 

25


which the Participant’s benefit commencement date precedes his or her Social Security Retirement Age. The Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation applicable at an age prior to age 62 is determined as the lesser of (1) the Actuarial Equivalent (at such age) of the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation computed using the factors specified in Section 5.3 or (2) the actuarial equivalent (at such age) of the Defined Benefit Dollar Limitation computed using a 5 percent interest rate and the applicable mortality table specified in Appendix A to the Plan. The interest rate used to determine the Actuarial Equivalent shall be the rate stated in the Plan, but shall be 5% if the pension begins after the Social Security Retirement Age. For purposes of this Section and Section 5.7, “Social Security Retirement Age” means (i) for any Participant born before January 1, 1938, Age 65, (ii) for any Participant born after December 31, 1937 but before January 1, 1955, Age 66, or (iii) for any other Participant, Age 67. A Participant’s pension shall be measured as a Single Life Annuity beginning at his or her Social Security Retirement Age.

(e)    For Limitation Years beginning on or after January 1, 2008,

(i)    if a Participant’s pension begins prior to age 62, the determination of whether the limitation set forth in Subsection (a) of this Section 5.6 (the “Dollar Limit”) has been satisfied shall be made, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, by reducing the Dollar Limit so that the Dollar Limit (as so reduced) is equal to an annual benefit payable in the form of a Straight Life Annuity, commencing when such benefit under the Plan commences, which is actuarially equivalent to a benefit in the amount of the Dollar Limit commencing at age 62; provided, however, if the Plan has an immediately commencing Straight Life Annuity commencing both at age 62 and the age of benefit commencement, then the Dollar Limit (as so reduced) shall equal the lesser of (1) the amount determined under Subsection (e)(i) without regard to this proviso or (2) the Dollar Limit multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the annual amount of the immediately commencing Straight Life Annuity under the Plan and the denominator of which is the annual amount of the Straight Life Annuity under the Plan, commencing at age 62, with both numerator and denominator determined in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury; and

(ii)    if a Participant’s pension begins after age 65, the determination of whether the Dollar Limit has been satisfied shall be made, in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury, by increasing the Dollar Limit so that the Dollar Limit (as so increased) is equal to an annual benefit payable in the form of a Straight Life Annuity, commencing when the benefit under the Plan commences, which is actuarially equivalent to a benefit in the amount of the Dollar Limit commencing at age 65; provided, however, if the Plan has an immediately commencing Straight Life Annuity commencing both at age 65 and the age of benefit commencement, the Dollar Limit (as so increased) shall equal the lesser of (i) the amount determined under this Subsection (e)(ii) without regard to this proviso or (ii) the Dollar Limit multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is the annual amount of the immediately commencing Straight Life Annuity under the Plan and the denominator of which is the annual

 

26


amount of the immediately commencing Straight Life Annuity under the Plan, commencing at age 65, with both numerator and denominator determined in accordance with regulations prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury.

5.7     Defined Benefit Fraction and Defined Contribution Fraction .  For Plan Years beginning prior to the 2000 Plan Year, the largest aggregate annual pension that may be paid to any Participant in any Plan Year under the Plan shall not, when added to the pension under any other qualified defined benefit plan maintained by the Sponsor or any Affiliated Company, exceed the lesser of the dollar limitation described in Section 5.6 or the amount that would cause the sum of a Participant’s Defined Benefit Fraction and Defined Contribution Fraction for the Plan Year in which the Participant’s Severance occurs to equal 1.0. To the extent the sum of a Participant’s Defined Benefit Fraction and Defined Contribution Fraction exceeds 1.0, adjustments shall be made first by reducing the Participant’s benefit under any defined benefit plan maintained by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company.

(a)    A Participant’s Defined Benefit Fraction for a given Plan Year is a fraction, the numerator of which is his or her projected annual benefit for the Plan Year and the denominator of which is the lesser of (i) 1.25 multiplied by $90,000, adjusted to reflect commencement before or after Social Security Retirement Age, or (ii) 1.4 multiplied by 100% of his or her average annual total cash remuneration from the Sponsor or any Affiliated Company in the thirty-six consecutive months which yield the highest average.

(b)    A Participant’s Defined Contribution Fraction for a given Plan Year is a fraction, the numerator of which is the sum of his or her annual additions for all calendar years and the denominator of which is the sum of his or her maximum aggregate amounts for all calendar years in which he or she is an Employee. A Participant’s maximum aggregate amounts for any Plan Year shall equal the lesser of 1.25 multiplied by the dollar limitation for such Plan Year or 1.4 multiplied by the percentage limitation for such Plan Year.

(c)    The annual addition to a Participant’s account for any year is the sum, determined with respect to all defined contribution plans maintained by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company (including any voluntary contributions feature of any defined benefit plan thereof), of:

(i)    Company contributions and forfeitures allocated to the Participant’s account;

(ii)    For Plan Years beginning after December 31, 1986, the amount of the Participant’s contributions; for Plan Years beginning before January 1, 1987, the lesser of:

(A)    50% of his or her contributions; or

(B)    For each calendar year after 1975 the amount by which the Participant’s contributions exceed 6% of his or her cash remuneration; for

 

27


each calendar year before 1976 during which he or she was a Participant, the excess of the aggregate amount of his or her contributions for all such years over 10% of his or her aggregate cash remuneration from the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company for all such years, multiplied by a fraction the numerator of which is one and the denominator of which is the number of such years.

(iii)    Amounts allocated after March 31, 1984 to an individual medical account (as defined in Code Section 415(l)(2)) that is part of a pension or annuity plan maintained by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company;

(iv)    Amounts derived from contributions paid or accrued after December 31, 1985, in taxable years ending after such date, that are attributable to post-retirement medical benefits allocated to the separate account of a key employee (as defined in Code Section 419A(d)(3)) under a welfare benefit fund (as defined in Code Section 419(e)) maintained by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company; and

(v)    allocations under a simplified employee pension.

5.8     Mandatory Commencement of Benefits .

(a)    A Participant’s pension shall begin no later than sixty days after the close of the Plan Year in which falls the later of his or her attainment of the Normal Retirement Date or the date he or she incurs a Severance.

(b)    In the case of a Participant, payment shall begin no later than a Participant’s required beginning date determined under the rules of subparagraphs (i) or (ii) below:

(i)    Active Participants attaining age 70-1/2 prior to 1999: The required beginning date of an Active Participant who attains age 70-1/2 prior to 1999 shall be April 1 of the calendar year immediately following the year in which the Active Participant attains age 70-1/2; provided, however, that an Active Participant, other than an Active Participant who is a Five Percent Owner (as defined in Section 12.2), who attains age 70-1/2 in 1996, 1997, or 1998 may elect to defer the required beginning date until the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her Severance Date.

(ii)    Participants attaining age 70-1/2 after 1998: The required beginning date of a Participant who attains age 70-1/2 after 1998 shall be the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her Severance Date; provided, however, if such Participant is a Five Percent Owner (as defined in Section 12.2) with respect to the Plan Year ending in the calendar year in which such Participant attains age 70-1/2, the required beginning date shall be April 1 of the calendar year immediately following the year in which such Participant attains age 70-1/2.

 

28


(c)    Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, the distribution of a Participant’s pension including amounts paid in the form of a pre-retirement death benefit shall be made in accordance with Code Section 401(a)(9), including the incidental death benefit requirement of Code Section 401(a)(9)(G), and Treasury Regulations Sections 1.401(a)(9)-0 through 1.401(a)(9)-9, the provisions of which are hereby incorporated by reference and shall override any distribution option in the Plan inconsistent with Code Section 401(a)(9).

5.9     Reemployment .  If a Participant who is receiving benefits again becomes an Employee, his or her pension shall be subject to the following rules:

(a)    A Participant’s pension shall not be suspended if he or she is subsequently reemployed on or after October 1, 2002.

(b)    A Participant’s pension shall be suspended if he or she was subsequently reemployed as an Eligible Employee prior to October 1, 2002 as follows:

(i)    The Participant’s pension shall be suspended and recomputed upon his or her Severance Date if he or she has not reached the Normal Retirement Date.

(ii)    The Participant’s pension shall be suspended for each calendar month or for each four or five week payroll period ending in a calendar month during which the Participant either completes 40 or more Hours of Service (counting each day of employment in a position designated by the Company as full time as five (5) Hours of Service), or receives payment for any such Hours of Service performed on each of eight or more days or separate work shifts in such month or payroll period if the Participant has reached the Normal Retirement Date. No adjustment to the Participant’s pension shall be made on account of such non-payment. No payment shall be withheld pursuant to this subparagraph (ii) until the Participant is notified by personal delivery or first class mail during the first calendar month or payroll period in which payments are suspended that his benefits are suspended. Such notification shall contain a description of the specific reasons why benefit payments are being suspended, a general description of the Plan provisions relating to the suspension of payments, a copy of such provisions, and a statement to the effect that applicable Department of Labor regulations may be found in § 2530.203-3 of the Code of Federal Regulations. In addition, the suspension notification shall inform the Participant of the Plan’s procedures for affording a review of the suspension of benefits.

(iii)    A Participant described in subparagraphs (i) or (ii) above, shall be eligible to receive credit for additional Benefit Years for any period of reemployment (as an Eligible Employee). The pension of such Participant shall be reduced by the Actuarial Equivalent of any payment received by the

 

29


Participant under the Plan prior to his or her attainment of the Special Retirement Eligibility Date, or, if earlier, the first day on which he or she would have been entitled to 100% of his or her Accrued Benefit under Section 5.3(b) (if on his or her prior Severance Date he or she had deferred his or her benefit until that date).

5.10     Other Disabled Participants .  A former Active Participant who is covered under a long term disability plan maintained by the Company, who has at least five (5) Vesting Years, and who becomes eligible for benefits under such plan, shall be eligible to accrue Benefit Years pursuant to this Section for the duration of his or her disability until the earlier of (i) the later of his or her Normal Retirement Date or Severance Date or (ii) the date he or she commences to receive a pension under the Plan. The following rules shall apply to benefit accruals under this Section:

(a)    The Employee’s Average Earnings during his or her disability shall be deemed to be his or her Average Earnings calculated at the time his or her disability commenced.

(b)    The Employee’s Primary Social Security Benefit shall be as defined in Article II and the Employee’s Covered Compensation as defined in Section 4.1 shall be determined as of the year for which he or she is credited with his or her final Benefit Year.

(c)    In addition, a former Active Participant described in this Section shall be treated as an Employee for purposes of the survivor income benefits described in Section 7.1 while he or she is eligible to accrue Benefit Years pursuant to this Section.

5.11     Nonforfeitable Interest .  Notwithstanding any other provision in the Plan to the contrary, a Participant shall have a nonforfeitable interest in his or her Accrued Benefit upon reaching the Normal Retirement Date, or if earlier, upon being credited with five (5) or more Vesting Years. In addition, a Participant shall have a nonforfeitable interest in his or her Accrued Benefit upon reaching the Special Retirement Eligibility Date or if later, upon being credited with one (1) Vesting Year.

5.12     Compensation for Maximum Pension .  For purposes of Sections 5.6 and 5.7, Compensation shall mean an Employee’s earned income, wages, salaries, fees for professional services, and other amounts received (without regard to whether or not an amount is paid in cash) for personal services actually rendered in the course of employment with the Company maintaining the Plan and shall be determined in accordance with Regulation Section 1.415(c)-2, the provisions of which are incorporated herein by reference unless otherwise set forth below:

(a)    Compensation shall include to the extent that the amounts are includible in gross income (including, but not limited to, commissions paid salespeople, compensation for services on the basis of a percentage of profits, commissions on insurance premiums, tips, bonuses, fringe benefits, and reimbursements or other expense allowances under a nonaccountable plan as described in Regulation 1.62-2(c)).

 

30


(b)    Compensation shall include (i) any elective deferral as defined in Code Section 402(g)(3) or Puerto Rico Code Section 1165(e), any amount which is contributed or deferred by the Company at the election of the Employee that is excludable from an Employee’s gross income under Code Sections 125 or 457, (ii) for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 1998, any elective amount that is excludable from an Employee’s gross income under Code Section 132(f)(4), (iii) for Plan Years beginning on or after January 1, 2008, amounts paid after an Employee’s Severance Date, provided that such amounts (1) represent payment for regular compensation for services during the Employee’s regular working hours, or compensation for services outside the employee’s regular working hours (such as overtime or shift differential), commissions, bonuses, or other similar payments and would have been paid to the Employee prior to his or her Severance Date if the Employee had continued in employment with the Company and (2) are paid by the later of 2  1 / 2 months after the Employee’s Severance Date or the end of the Plan Year that includes the Employee’s Severance Date, and (iv) effective January 1, 2009, differential wage payments within the meaning of Code Section 414(u)(12)(D).

(c)    Compensation shall not include those items listed in Treasury Regulation Section 1.415(c)-2(c), the provisions of which are incorporated under this paragraph (c) by this reference.

(d)    Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, Compensation shall be determined in accordance with Code Section 415(c)(3) as in effect for Plan Years beginning prior to January 1, 1998 where required by applicable law.

 

31


ARTICLE VI

FORM OF PENSIONS

6.1     Unmarried Participants .  The pension of a Participant who is unmarried when payments begin shall be paid as a Single Life Annuity unless he or she elects an optional form of benefit under Section 6.3 or receives a lump sum distribution under Section 6.5.

6.2     Married Participants .  The pension of a Participant who is married when payments begin shall be paid as a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity, unless he or she elects an optional form of benefit under Section 6.3 or receives a lump sum distribution under Section 6.5.

6.3     Election of Optional Form of Benefit .  A Participant may waive the Single Life Annuity or, in the case of a married Participant, the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity and elect any optional form of benefit described in Section 6.4 in accordance with the following rules:

(a)    The election shall be made in writing in a manner prescribed by the Committee on a form that clearly states that the Participant is electing to receive his or her pension other than as a Single Life Annuity or, in the case of a married Participant, his or her pension other than as a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity. No such election shall be effective with respect to a married Participant unless: (i) the Participant’s spouse consents in writing to the election; (ii) such election designates the form of benefit and a specific beneficiary; (iii) the consent acknowledges the effect of the election; and (iv) the consent is witnessed by a notary public or by a Plan representative. Notwithstanding the foregoing, an election without spousal consent shall be effective if a married Participant elects a joint and survivor option providing for payment of at least 50% of his or her annuity to his or her surviving spouse, the Sponsor determines there is no spouse, or the spouse cannot be located.

(b)    The election may be made or revoked at any time during an election period established by the Committee. Such election period shall begin when the information described in paragraph (d) is furnished to the Participant and, subject to paragraphs (c) through (e), shall end, with no opportunity for a further election, on the Participant’s Annuity Starting Date. For purposes of Article VII (pertaining to pre-retirement death benefits), if an optional form of benefit is elected in accordance with this Section 6.3 within the 90 day period ending on the Participant’s date of death, the Participant’s pension shall be deemed to have commenced even if the Participant dies prior to the Annuity Starting Date.

(c)    Subject to paragraphs (d) and (e), in the case of a Participant who retires after attaining age 55, the election period described in paragraph (b) shall end on the date of the Participant’s Severance, or on such later date as the Committee shall fix, but an election made during the election period may be revoked at any time before the later of the end of the election period or the Participant’s Annuity Starting Date.

 

32


(d)    Each Participant shall receive a written explanation of a Single Life Annuity or, in the case of a married Participant, a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity which shall include: (i) the terms and conditions of such annuity form of benefit; (ii) the Participant’s right to make and the effect of waiving such annuity form of benefit; (iii) the rights of a spouse; (iv) the right to make, and the effect of, a revocation of a previous election to waive such annuity form of benefit; (v) the relative values of the optional forms of benefit available under the Plan; and (vi) on or after December 31, 2006 and if applicable, the Participant’s right to defer and the effect of deferring the payment of his or her benefit. Such explanation shall be furnished to the Participant no less than 30 days and no more than 180 days prior to the Participant’s Annuity Starting Date except as provided in paragraph (e).

(e)    The written explanation described in paragraph (d) may be furnished to the Participant less than 30 days prior to the Participant’s Annuity Starting Date; provided, that, the written explanation: (i) clearly indicates that the Participant has at least 30 days to consider whether to waive the Single Life Annuity or, in the case of a married Participant, the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity and to elect with spousal consent, if applicable, an optional form of benefit; (ii) the Participant is permitted to revoke any affirmative distribution election at least until the Annuity Starting Date or, if later, at any time prior to the expiration of the 7-day period that begins the day after the written explanation is provided to the Participant; and (iii) the Annuity Starting Date is a date after the date that the written explanation was provided to the Participant. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Annuity Starting Date may be a date prior to the date the written explanation is provided to the Participant; provided, that, the Participant’s pension is not paid or does not commence until at least 30 days after such written explanation is furnished, subject to the waiver of the 30-day period as provided in the foregoing sentence.

6.4     Optional Forms of Benefit .  Subject to the provisions of Sections 6.3 and 6.5, a Participant may elect to receive the Actuarial Equivalent of his or her pension in another form. The specific options shall be (i) a Single Life Annuity which pays a monthly benefit for the Participant’s lifetime; (ii) a contingent beneficiary option which pays a reduced monthly benefit for the Participant’s lifetime, then continues 100%, 75%, 66-2/3%, or 50% of the reduced monthly benefit for the lifetime of one designated beneficiary; (iii) a guaranteed payment option which pays a reduced monthly benefit for the longer of the Participant’s lifetime or a specified number of months (60, 120, 180, or 240) with any remaining guaranteed payments on the Participant’s death to a designated beneficiary or beneficiaries (as more fully described in Appendix B); or (iv) a level income option (as more fully described in Appendix B) which pays an increased monthly benefit to a Participant (if payments begin between the ages of 55 and 62) until age 62, and a reduced monthly benefit beginning at age 62. Under each such option the Actuarial Equivalent of the anticipated payments to the Participant shall be greater than that of those to his or her beneficiary, except that if the beneficiary is the Participant’s spouse, the option may provide for a joint and survivor annuity under which the periodic payments to the spouse are no greater than those to the Participant and each option shall otherwise comply with Code Section 401(a)(9) and the final and temporary Treasury Regulations thereunder.

 

33


6.5     Cash-Outs .

(a)    Notwithstanding anything in this Article to the contrary, if the lump sum Actuarial Equivalent of a Participant’s nonforfeitable Accrued Benefit does not exceed or has never exceeded $5,000, the Participant, or the Participant’s beneficiary in the event of the Participant’s death, may only elect (i) to be paid the lump sum Actuarial Equivalent, or (ii) to have the lump sum Actuarial Equivalent paid directly by the Trustee to the trustee of an Eligible Retirement Plan.

(b)    If the lump sum Actuarial Equivalent of a Participant’s nonforfeitable Accrued Benefit exceeds $5,000 but does not exceed $10,000, the Participant, or the Participant’s beneficiary in the event of the Participant’s death, may elect (i) to be paid the lump sum Actuarial Equivalent, or (ii) to have the lump sum Actuarial Equivalent paid directly by the Trustee to the trustee of an Eligible Retirement Plan. No distribution may be elected under this paragraph (b) unless the Participant has attained at least age 55 with five (5) or more Vesting Years. For purposes of this paragraph (b), a Participant who is an AMO Employee (as defined in Section 2.20) shall be treated as having not less than five (5) Vesting Years as of the day following his or her transfer to Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. In addition, the election may not be made after pension payments start, except that a Participant or a Participant’s beneficiary whose payments started prior to September 1, 1993, and whose lump sum Actuarial Equivalent did not exceed $10,000 at the date payments started, may elect to be paid the remaining lump sum Actuarial Equivalent. A married Participant who elects a lump sum under this paragraph (b) must comply with the applicable requirements for spousal consent.

(c)    A Participant who has no nonforfeitable Accrued Benefit in the Plan at the time of his or her Severance shall be deemed to have been cashed out with a zero cash benefit upon such Severance Date.

6.6     Retroactive Annuity Starting Dates .  Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, in the case of pensions paid to a Participant and spousal benefits (as described in Section 7.2) paid to a Participant’s surviving spouse, a Participant or a surviving spouse may elect a Retroactive Annuity Starting Date under this Section; provided, that the requirements of this Section are met.

(a)    A Retroactive Annuity Starting Date shall be permitted under this Section only if the following requirements are met:

(i)    The Retroactive Annuity Starting Date may not be earlier than the date on which benefit payments otherwise could have commenced under the terms of the Plan in effect as of the Retroactive Annuity Starting Date.

(ii)    Any future periodic payments shall be the same as the future periodic payments (if any) that would have been paid had payment actually begun on the Retroactive Annuity Starting Date.

 

34


(iii)    A make-up payment shall be made in an amount equal to any missed payment or payments for the period from the Retroactive Annuity Starting Date to the date of the actual make-up payment (with an appropriate interest adjustment for that period).

(iv)    In determining whether any Retroactive Annuity Starting Date pension (including the required interest adjustment for the make-up payment described above) satisfies Code Section 415, the date that distribution commences shall be treated as the Annuity Starting Date for all purposes, including the determination of the applicable interest rate and the applicable mortality table; provided, that this requirement shall not apply to any form of payment if:

(A)    The form of payment would not have been subject to the present value requirements under Regulation Section 1.417(e)-1(d)(6) had payment commenced on the Retroactive Annuity Starting Date; and

(B)    The date payment commences in that form begins no more than twelve (12) months after the Retroactive Annuity Starting Date.

(b)    The election of a Retroactive Annuity Starting Date shall be made in writing in a manner prescribed by the Committee on a form that clearly states that the Participant is electing a Retroactive Annuity Starting Date. No such election shall be effective with respect to a married Participant unless his or her spouse consents to such election as provided in Section 6.3(a); provided that, this requirement shall not apply if the amount of the spouse’s survivor annuity payments under the Retroactive Annuity Starting Date election is no less than the survivor benefit amount the spouse would have been entitled to receive under the Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity with an Annuity Starting Date after the date that the required written explanation was provided to the Participant.

(c)    For any form of benefit that would have been subject to Code Section 417(e)(3) had distribution commenced as of the Retroactive Annuity Starting Date, the amount of the distribution must be no less than what the amount would have been as of the date the distribution actually begins, using the (i) applicable interest rate and the applicable mortality table in effect under the Plan on that date and (ii) same annuity form in determining present value.

(d)    If a Participant or a surviving spouse elects a Retroactive Annuity Starting Date, the date that benefit payments actually begin shall be treated as the Annuity Starting Date for purposes of satisfying the notice and other requirements for commencing benefit payments to the Participant or surviving spouse under this Article VI and Article VII.

(e)    For purposes of this Section, a Retroactive Annuity Starting Date means an annuity starting date affirmatively elected by a Participant or surviving spouse that (i) is on or before the date that the written explanation required under Section 6.3 is provided

 

35


and (ii) otherwise meets the requirements of this Section and Treasury Regulations under Code Section 417.

 

36


ARTICLE VII

PRE-RETIREMENT DEATH BENEFITS

7.1     Eligibility .  A death benefit shall be payable under Section 7.2 with respect to a Participant if, on the date of his or her death:

(a)    he or she is an Employee who has met the requirements for normal or early retirement under Sections 5.1 or 5.3;

(b)    he or she is an Employee not described in paragraph (a), above, who has a nonforfeitable interest in his or her Accrued Benefit; or

(c)    he or she is a former Employee who has a nonforfeitable interest in his or her Accrued Benefit and whose pension has not yet commenced to be paid.

7.2     Spousal Benefit .  Upon the death of a Participant described in Section 7.1, the Participant’s surviving spouse, if living on the date set forth in this Section, shall receive a lump sum distribution if applicable under Section 6.5 or a pension in accordance with the following rules:

(a)    If the Participant is an Employee who has met the requirements for normal or early retirement under Sections 5.1 or 5.3, the pension to the surviving spouse shall begin as of the first day of the month following the Participant’s date of death, shall end on the last day of the month in which the spouse’s death occurs, and shall be in a monthly amount equal to the amount the spouse would have received if the Participant had retired on the date of his or her death and had elected an immediate pension in the form of a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity beginning on the first day of the month following the day of his or her death with the spouse as joint annuitant.

(b)    If the Participant is an Employee who has not met the requirements for normal or early retirement under Sections 5.1 or 5.3 but at the time of death has a nonforfeitable interest in his or her Accrued Benefit, the pension to the surviving spouse shall begin on the first day of the month following the month in which the Participant would have first met the requirements for early retirement, shall end on the last day of the month in which the spouse’s death occurs, and shall be in a monthly amount equal to the amount the spouse would have received if (i) the Participant’s Severance had occurred on the date of his or her death, (ii) the Participant had survived to meet the requirements for early retirement, (iii) the Participant had elected an immediate pension in the form of a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity beginning on the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her attainment of the earliest retirement age with the spouse as joint annuitant, and (iv) the Participant had died the day after the date his or her pension commenced.

(c)    If the Participant is a former Employee who retired under Section 5.1, the pension to the surviving spouse shall begin as of the first day of the month coincident with or next following the Participant’s date of death, shall end on the last day of the

 

37


month in which the spouse’s death occurs, and shall be in a monthly amount equal to the amount the spouse would have received if the Participant had elected an immediate pension in the form of a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity beginning on the first day of the month coincident with or next following the date of his or her death with the spouse as joint annuitant.

(d)    If the Participant is a former Employee who retired under Section 5.3, the pension to the surviving spouse shall begin as of the first day of the month coincident with or next following the Participant’s date of death, shall end on the last day of the month in which the spouse’s death occurs, and shall be in a monthly amount equal to the amount the spouse would have received if the Participant had elected an immediate pension in the form of a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity beginning on the first day of the month coincident with or next following the date of his or her death with the spouse as joint annuitant.

(e)    If the Participant is a former Employee who did not meet the requirements for normal or early retirement under Sections 5.1 or 5.3 but has a nonforfeitable interest in his or her Accrued Benefit, the pension to the surviving spouse shall begin on the first day of the month coincident with or next following the date the Participant would have first met the requirements for early retirement if he or she had not died but had lived, shall end on the last day of the month in which the spouse’s death occurs, and shall be in a monthly amount equal to the amount the spouse would have received if (i) the Participant had survived to meet the requirements for early retirement, (ii) the Participant had elected an immediate pension in the form of a Qualified Joint and Survivor Annuity beginning on the first day of the month coincident with or next following his or her attainment of the earliest retirement age with the spouse as joint annuitant, and (iii) the Participant had died the day after the date his or her pension commenced.

7.3     Alternate Death Benefit .  In lieu of the benefit provided in Section 7.2, a Participant described in Section 7.1(a) may, at any time before his or her pension commences, select a beneficiary or beneficiaries other than his or her spouse for a survivor income benefit subject to Section 7.5. The monthly payment to the beneficiary shall equal the payment the beneficiary would have received and which would have been attributable to the Participant’s Accrued Benefit, if the Participant had retired on the day of his or her death with a pension in the form of a 50% joint and survivor annuity beginning as of the first day of the month following the day of his or her death with the beneficiary as joint annuitant.

7.4     Children’s Survivor Benefit .  In lieu of the benefit provided in Section 7.2, a Participant described in Section 7.1(a) may, at any time before his or her pension commences, select his or her child or children as beneficiary or beneficiaries for the survivor income benefit subject to Section 7.5. The aggregate monthly payment to the child or children shall equal the monthly payment a surviving spouse of an age equal to that of the Participant would have received under a 50% joint and survivor annuity and which would have been attributable to the Participant’s Accrued Benefit, if the Participant had been covered by Section 7.2 and had left such a surviving spouse. Payments to each child shall continue during such child’s life or until the end of the month in which the child attains age 19, whichever is earlier except that if the

 

38


child is enrolled as a full-time student in an academic institution, payments shall continue until the earlier of the end of the month in which the child attains age 23 or the termination of the child’s education.

7.5     Waiver of Spousal Benefit .  An election under Section 7.3 or 7.4 shall be effective with respect to a married Participant only if he or she waives the benefit provided in Section 7.2 in accordance with the following rules:

(a)    A waiver shall be made in writing in a manner prescribed by the Committee on a form that clearly states that the Participant is waiving the benefit provided in Section 7.2. No such waiver shall be effective unless: (i) the Participant’s spouse consents in writing to the waiver; (ii) the waiver election designates the form of benefit and a specific beneficiary; (iii) the spouse’s consent to the waiver acknowledges the effect of the waiver; and (iv) the spouse’s consent is witnessed by a notary public or by a Plan representative. A waiver without spousal consent shall be effective if the Sponsor determines there is no spouse or the spouse cannot be located.

(b)    Each Participant and his or her spouse shall receive a written explanation of the benefit provided in Section 7.2 which shall include: (i) the terms and conditions of the benefit; (ii) the Participant’s right to make and the effect of waiving the benefit; (iii) the rights of a spouse; and (iv) the right to make, and the effect of, a revocation of a previous election to waive the benefit. Such explanation shall be furnished to the Participant within the applicable period. The term “applicable period” means, with respect to a Participant, whichever of the following periods ends earliest: (i) the period beginning with the first day of the Plan Year in which the Participant becomes a Participant described in Section 7.1(a) and ending on the date of the Participant’s death or (ii) the period beginning with the first day of the Plan Year in which the Participant becomes a Participant described in Section 7.1(a) and ending on the date his or her pension commences.

 

39


ARTICLE VIII

CONTRIBUTIONS

8.1     Company Contributions .  The Company shall contribute each year an amount actuarially determined to be sufficient to provide the benefits under the Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Company contributions for any Plan Year shall be conditioned upon the deductibility of such contributions by the Company under Code Section 404. The Company reserves the right, however, to reduce, suspend or discontinue its contributions under the Plan for any reason at any time. Except as provided in Section 8.3, it shall be impossible for any part of the Company’s contributions to revert to the Company, or to be used for, or diverted to, any purpose other than for the exclusive benefit of Participants and their Beneficiaries.

8.2     Source of Benefits .  All benefits under the Plan shall be paid exclusively from the Fund, and the Company shall have no duty to contribute thereto except as provided in this Article.

8.3     Irrevocability .  The Company shall have no right or title to, nor interest in, the Company contributions made to the Fund, and no part of the Fund shall revert to the Company, except that on and after the Effective Date funds may be returned to the Company as follows:

(a)    In the case of a contribution which is made by a mistake of fact, such contribution may be returned to the Company within one year after it is made.

(b)    In the case of a contribution conditioned on the initial qualification of the Plan under Code Section 401 (or any successor statute thereto), and the Plan does not initially qualify upon the filing of a timely determination letter request, such contribution may be returned to the Company within one year after the date of denial of the initial qualification of the Plan.

(c)    In the case of a contribution conditioned on the deductibility thereof under Code Section 404 (or any successor statute thereto), such contribution shall, to the extent such deduction is disallowed, be returned to the Company within one year after such disallowance.

(d)    In the case of a contribution conditioned on the initial qualification of the Plan under Puerto Rico Code Section 1165 (or any successor statute thereto), and the Plan does not initially qualify upon the filing of a timely determination letter request, such contribution may be returned to the Company within one year after the date of denial of the initial qualification of the Plan, provided, such return of such contribution does not cause the Plan to be disqualified under the Code.

(e)    In the case of a contribution conditioned on the deductibility thereof under Puerto Rico Code Section 1023(n) (or any successor statute thereto), such contribution shall, to the extent such deduction is disallowed, be returned to the Company within one year after such disallowance, provided, such return of such contribution does not cause the Plan to be disqualified under the Code.

 

40


8.4     Funding-Based Limits on Benefits .

(a)    The provisions of this Section 8.4 shall apply notwithstanding any other provision of the Plan. The following funding-based limitations shall apply to the Plan in accordance with Code Section 436 (or any successor provision):

(i)    No amendment which has the effect of increasing the liabilities of the Plan by reason of increases in benefits, establishment of new benefits, changing the rate of benefit accrual, or changing the rate at which benefits become nonforfeitable shall take effect during any Plan Year in which such amendment may not take effect under the funding-based limitations of Code Section 436(c);

(ii)    No “prohibited payment” (within the meaning of Code Section 436) or any portion thereof shall be made under the Plan to a Participant with an annuity starting date (as defined in applicable Treasury Regulations) on or after the valuation date (or other applicable measurement date) in any Plan Year to the extent that such payment or portion of such payment may not be made by the Plan under the limitations of Code Section 436(d);

(iii)    Benefit accruals under the Plan shall cease as of the valuation date (or other applicable measurement date) for the Plan Year in which such accruals are prohibited by the funding-based limitations of Code Section 436(e); and

(iv)    No unpredictable contingent event benefit (within the meaning of Code Section 436(b)) shall be payable under the Plan with respect to any event occurring during any Plan Year in which such benefit may not be provided pursuant to the funding-based limitations of Code Section 436(b).

(b)    The Company shall not be required (1) to make additional contributions to the Plan, (2) to provide additional security to the Plan, or (3) to alter the method or timing of any actuarial valuation, in order to avoid the application of the funding-based limitations set forth in this Section 8.4 and Code Section 436 (or any successor provision). Except to the extent required by law, the Plan shall not (i) restore any benefits that did not accrue, or make any payment in lieu of any benefits that are not paid, by reason of this Section 8.4 or Code Section 436 (or any successor provision), or (ii) provide any elections to Employees, former Employees, spouses or Beneficiaries that are not required by Code Section 436 (or any successor provision). The limitations described in Sections 8.4(a)(i), 8.4(a)(iii) and 8.4(a)(iv) shall cease to apply with respect to any Plan Year effective as of the time and in the manner provided in Code Section 436 and regulations and rulings issued thereunder.

(c)    The foregoing provisions of this Section 8.4 are intended to incorporate and comply with the requirements of Code Section 436 (or any successor provision). The

 

41


Company shall interpret and apply such provisions in accordance with such section of the Code and the regulations, rulings and other guidance issued thereunder.

 

42


ARTICLE IX

ADMINISTRATION

9.1     Appointment of Committee .  There is hereby created a committee (the “Committee”) which shall exercise such powers and have such duties in administering the Plan as are hereinafter set forth. The Board of Directors shall determine the number of members of such Committee. The members of the Committee shall be appointed by the Board of Directors and such Board shall from time to time fill all vacancies occurring in said Committee. The members of the Committee shall constitute the Named Fiduciaries of the Plan within the meaning of Section 402(a)(2) of ERISA.

9.2     Appointment of Investment Subcommittee .  There is hereby created an investment subcommittee of the Committee (hereinafter referred to as the “Investment Subcommittee” for purposes of this Article IX) which shall exercise management and control over the assets of the Trust. The Board of Directors, acting through its Organization and Compensation Committee, shall determine the number of members of the Investment Subcommittee. The members of the Investment Subcommittee shall be appointed by the Board of Directors, acting through its Organization and Compensation Committee, and shall from time to time appoint such members to or fill any vacancies in the Investment Subcommittee. The members of the Investment Subcommittee shall constitute the Named Fiduciaries of the Plan within the meaning of Section 402(a)(2) of ERISA with respect to the management and control of the assets of the Trust.

9.3     Transaction of Business .  The Committee and Investment Subcommittee shall transact business as provided in paragraphs (a) and (b), respectively:

(a)    A majority of the Committee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Actions of the Committee may be taken either by vote at a meeting or in writing without a meeting. All action taken by the Committee at any meeting shall be by a vote of the majority of those present at such meeting. All action taken in writing without a meeting shall be by a vote of the majority of those responding in writing. All notices, advices, directions and instructions to be transmitted by the Committee shall be in writing and signed by or in the name of the Committee. In all its communications with the Trustee, the Committee may, by either of the majority actions specified above, authorize any one or more of its members to execute any document or documents on behalf of the Committee, in which event it shall notify the Trustee in writing of such action and the name or names of its members so designated and the Trustee shall thereafter accept and rely upon any documents executed by such member or members as representing action by the Committee until the Committee shall file with the Trustee a written revocation of such designation.

(b)    A majority of the Investment Subcommittee shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business. Actions of the Investment Subcommittee may be taken either by vote at a meeting or in writing without a meeting. All action taken by the Investment Subcommittee at any meeting shall be by a vote of the majority of those present at such meeting. All action taken in writing without a meeting shall be by a vote of the majority

 

43


of those responding in writing. All notices, advices, directions and instructions to be transmitted by the Investment Subcommittee shall be in writing and signed by or in the name of the Investment Subcommittee. In all its communications with the Trustee, the Investment Subcommittee may, by action specified above, authorize any one or more of its members to execute any document or documents on behalf of the Investment Subcommittee, in which event it shall notify the Trustee in writing of such action and the name or names of its members so designated and the Trustee shall thereafter accept and rely upon any documents executed by such member or members as representing action by the Investment Subcommittee until the Investment Subcommittee shall file with the Trustee a written revocation of such designation.

9.4     Voting .  Any member of the Committee who is also a Participant hereunder shall not be qualified to act or vote on any matter relating solely to himself or herself, and upon such matter his or her presence at a meeting shall not be counted for the purpose of determining a quorum. If, at any time a member of the Committee is not so qualified to act or vote, the qualified members of the Committee shall be reduced below two (2) and the Board of Directors shall promptly appoint one or more special members to the Committee so that there shall be at least one qualified member to act upon the matter in question. Such special Committee members shall have power to act only upon the matter for which they were especially appointed and their tenure shall cease as soon as they have acted upon the matter for which they were especially appointed.

9.5     Responsibility of Committees .  The responsibilities of the Committee and Investment Subcommittee shall be as provided in paragraphs (a) and (b), respectively:

(a)    The authority to manage and control the operation and administration of the Plan, the general administration of the Plan, the responsibility for carrying out the Plan, and to the extent provided in Section 9.7(e), the authority and responsibility to manage and control the assets of the Trust are hereby delegated by the Board of Directors to and vested in the Committee except to the extent reserved to the Board of Directors, the Sponsor, or the Company. Subject to the limitations of the Plan, the Committee shall, from time to time, establish rules for the performance of its functions and the administration of the Plan. In the performance of its functions, the Committee shall not discriminate in favor of Highly Compensated Employees.

(b)    The authority and responsibility to manage and control the assets of the Trust are hereby delegated by the Board of Directors, acting through its Organization and Compensation Committee, to and vested in the Investment Subcommittee except to the extent reserved to the Board of Directors or the Board of Directors, acting through its Organization and Compensation Committee, or the Sponsor. Subject to the limitations of the Plan, the Investment Subcommittee shall, from time to time, establish rules for the performance of its functions.

9.6     Committee Powers .  The Committee shall have all discretionary powers necessary to supervise the administration of the Plan and control its operations. In addition to any discretionary powers and authority conferred on the Committee elsewhere in the Plan or by law,

 

44


the Committee shall have, but not by way of limitation, the following discretionary powers and authority:

(a)    To designate agents to carry out responsibilities relating to the Plan, other than fiduciary responsibilities as provided in Section 9.7.

(b)    To employ such legal, actuarial, medical, accounting, clerical, and other assistance as it may deem appropriate in carrying out the provisions of the Plan, including one or more persons to render advice with regard to any responsibility any Named Fiduciary or any other fiduciary may have under the Plan.

(c)    To establish rules and regulations from time to time for the conduct of the Committee’s business and the administration and effectuation of the Plan.

(d)    To administer, interpret, construe, and apply the Plan and to decide all questions which may arise or which may be raised under the Plan by any Employee, Participant, former Participant, Beneficiary or other person whatsoever, including but not limited to all questions relating to eligibility to participate in the Plan, the amount of Benefit Years or Vesting Years of any Participant, and the amount of benefits to which any Participant or his or her Beneficiary may be entitled.

(e)    To determine the manner in which the assets of the Plan, or any part thereof, shall be disbursed.

(f)    Subject to provisions (a) through (d) of Section 10.1, to make administrative amendments to the Plan that do not cause a substantial increase or decrease in benefit accruals to Participants and that do not cause a substantial increase in the cost of administering the Plan.

(g)    To perform or cause to be performed such further acts as it may deem to be necessary, appropriate or convenient in the efficient administration of the Plan.

Any action taken in good faith by the Committee in the exercise of discretionary powers conferred upon it by the Plan shall be conclusive and binding upon the Participants and their Beneficiaries. All discretionary powers conferred upon the Committee shall be absolute; provided, however, that all such discretionary power shall be exercised in a uniform and nondiscriminatory manner.

9.7     Additional Powers of Committee .  In addition to any discretionary powers or authority conferred on the Committee elsewhere in the Plan or by law, such Committee shall have the following discretionary powers and authority:

(a)    To appoint one or more Investment Managers pursuant to Section 9.17 to manage and control any or all of the assets of the Trust.

 

45


(b)    To designate persons (other than the members of the Committee) to carry out fiduciary responsibilities, other than any responsibility to manage or control the assets of the Trust;

(c)    To allocate fiduciary responsibilities among the members of the Committee, other than any responsibility to manage or control the assets of the Trust;

(d)    To cancel any such designation or allocation at any time for any reason;

(e)    To exercise management and control over the assets of the Trust to the extent provided in paragraph (a) above and in Section 9.9 (relating to review by the Committee of the long-run and short-run financial needs of the Plan and the determination of the funding policy for the Plan).

Any action under this Section 9.7 shall be taken in writing, and no designation or allocation under paragraphs (a), (b) or (c) shall be effective until accepted in writing by the indicated responsible person.

9.8     Investment Subcommittee Powers .  The Investment Subcommittee shall have all discretionary powers necessary to manage and control the assets of the Trust, including but not limited to, the following:

(a)    To exercise management and control over the assets of the Trust except to the extent the Committee appoints an Investment Manager pursuant to Section 9.7(a) and subject to the requirement that all action taken by the Investment Subcommittee shall be in accordance and consistent with the funding policy established by the Committee and shall be communicated to the Committee at periodic intervals.

(b)    To employ consulting, actuarial, and other assistance as it may deem appropriate in carrying out its responsibilities under the Plan, including one or more persons to render advice with regard to any fiduciary responsibility the Investment Subcommittee may have under the Plan.

(c)    To establish rules and regulations from time to time for the conduct of the Investment Subcommittee’s business.

(d)    To direct the Trustee, in writing, from time to time, to invest and reinvest the Trust Fund, or any part thereof, or to purchase, exchange, or lease any property, real or personal, which the Investment Subcommittee may designate. This shall include the right to direct the investment of all or any part of the Trust in any one security or any one type of securities permitted hereunder. Among the securities which the Investment Subcommittee may direct the Trustee to purchase are “qualifying employer securities” as defined in ERISA Section 407(d)(5).

 

46


Any action taken in good faith by the Investment Subcommittee in the exercise of discretionary powers conferred upon it by the Plan shall be conclusive and binding upon the Participants and their Beneficiaries.

9.9     Periodic Review of Funding Policy .  Notwithstanding the delegation of authority and responsibility to manage and control the assets of the Trust to the Investment Subcommittee, the Committee, at periodic intervals, shall review the long-run and short-run financial needs of the Plan and shall determine a funding policy for the Plan consistent with the objectives of the Plan and the minimum funding standards of ERISA, if applicable. In determining such funding policy the Committee shall take into account, at a minimum, not only the long-term investment objectives of the Trust Fund consistent with the prudent management of the assets thereof, but also the short-run needs of the Plan to pay benefits. All actions taken by the Committee with respect to the funding policy of the Plan, including the reasons therefor, shall be fully reflected in the minutes of the Committee.

9.10     Claims Procedures .  If a Participant or his or her Beneficiary believes that he or she is being denied any rights or benefits under the Plan, the Participant, Beneficiary, or in either case, his or her authorized representative (the “Claimant”) shall follow the administrative procedures for filing a claim for benefits as set forth in this Section. A claim for benefits shall be in writing and shall be reviewed by the Committee or a claims official designated by the Committee. The Committee or claims official shall review a claim for benefits in accordance with the procedures established by the Committee subject to the following administrative procedures set forth in this Section.

(a)    The Committee shall furnish the Claimant with written or electronic notice of the decision rendered with respect to a claim for benefits within 90 days following receipt by the Committee (or its delegate) of the claim unless the Committee determines that special circumstances require an extension of time for processing the claim. In the event an extension is necessary, written or electronic notice of the extension shall be furnished to the Claimant prior to the expiration of the initial 90 day period. The notice shall indicate the special circumstances requiring an extension of time and the date by which a final decision is expected to be rendered. In no event shall the period of the extension exceed 90 days from the end of the initial 90 day period.

(b)    In the case of a denial of the Claimant’s claim, the written or electronic notice of such denial shall set forth (i) the specific reasons for the denial, (ii) references to the Plan provisions upon which the denial is based, (iii) a description of any additional information or material necessary for perfection of the claim (together with an explanation why such material or information is necessary), (iv) an explanation of the Plan’s appeals procedures, and (v) a statement of the Claimant’s right to bring a civil action under Section 502(a) of ERISA if his or her claim is denied upon appeal.

(c)    In the case of a denial of a claim, a Claimant who wishes to appeal the decision shall follow the administrative procedures for an appeal as set forth in Section 9.11 below.

 

47


9.11     Appeals Procedures .  A Claimant who wishes to appeal the denial of his or her claim for benefits shall follow the administrative procedures for an appeal as set forth in this Section and shall exhaust such administrative procedures prior to seeking any other form of relief. Appeals shall be reviewed in accordance with the procedures established by the Committee subject to the following administrative procedures set forth in this Section.

(a)    In order to appeal a decision rendered with respect to his or her claim for benefits, a Claimant must file an appeal with the Committee in writing within 60 days following his or her receipt of the notice of denial with respect to the claim.

(b)    The Claimant’s appeal may include written comments, documents, records and other information relating to his or her claim. The Claimant may review all pertinent documents and, upon request, shall have reasonable access to or be provided free of charge, copies of all documents, records, and other information relevant to his or her claim.

(c)    The Committee shall provide a full and fair review of the appeal and shall take into account all claim related comments, documents, records, and other information submitted by the Claimant without regard to whether such information was submitted or considered under the initial determination or review of the initial determination. Where appropriate, the Committee will overturn a notice of denial if it determines that an error was made in the interpretation of the controlling plan documents or if the Committee determines that an existing interpretation of the controlling plan documents should be changed on a prospective basis. In the event the Claimant is a subordinate, as determined by the Committee, to an individual conducting the review, such individual shall recuse himself or herself from the review of the appeal.

(d)    The Committee shall furnish the Claimant with written or electronic notice of the decision rendered with respect to an appeal within 60 days following receipt by the Committee of the appeal unless the Committee determines that special circumstances require an extension of time for processing the appeal. In the event an extension is necessary, written or electronic notice of the extension shall be furnished to the Claimant prior to the expiration of the initial 60 day period. The notice shall indicate the special circumstances requiring an extension of time and the date by which a final decision is expected to be rendered. In no event shall the period of the extension exceed 60 days from the end of the initial 60 day period.

(e)    In the case of a denial of an appeal, the written or electronic notice of such denial shall set forth (i) the specific reasons for the denial, (ii) references to the Plan provisions upon which the denial is based, (iii) a statement that the Claimant is entitled to receive, upon request and free of charge, reasonable access to, and copies of, all documents, records, and other information relating to his or her claim for benefits, and (iv) a statement of the Claimant’s right to bring a civil action under Section 502(a) of ERISA.

9.12     Limitation on Liability .  Each of the fiduciaries under the Plan shall be solely responsible for its own acts and omissions and no fiduciary shall be liable for any breach of

 

48


fiduciary responsibility resulting from the act or omission of any other fiduciary or person to whom fiduciary responsibilities have been allocated or delegated pursuant to Section 9.2 or 9.7, except as provided in Sections 405(a) and 405(c)(2)(A) or (B) of ERISA. Neither the Committee nor the Investment Subcommittee shall have responsibility over assets as to which management and control has been delegated to an Investment Manager appointed pursuant to Section 9.17 hereof or as to which management and control has been retained by the Trustee.

9.13     Indemnification and Insurance .  To the extent permitted by law, the Company shall indemnify and hold harmless the Committee, the Investment Subcommittee and each member thereof, the Board of Directors and each member thereof, and such other persons as the Board of Directors may specify, from the effects and consequences of his or her acts, omissions, and conduct in his or her official capacity in connection with the Plan and Trust. To the extent permitted by law, the Company may also purchase liability insurance for such persons.

9.14     Compensation of Committee and Plan Expenses .  Members of the Committee and the Investment Subcommittee shall serve as such without compensation unless the Board of Directors shall otherwise determine, but in no event shall any member of the Committee or Investment Subcommittee who is an Employee receive compensation from the Plan for his or her services as a member of the Committee or the Investment Subcommittee. All members shall be reimbursed for any necessary expenditures incurred in the discharge of duties as members of the Committee or the Investment Subcommittee. The compensation or fees, as the case may be, of all officers, agents, counsel, the Trustee or other persons retained or employed by the Committee or the Investment Subcommittee shall be fixed by the Committee, subject to approval by the Board of Directors. The expenses incurred in the administration and operation of the Plan, including but not limited to the expenses incurred by the members of the Committee or the Investment Subcommittee in exercising their duties, shall be paid by the Plan from the Trust Fund, unless paid by the Company, provided, however, that the Plan and not the Company shall bear the cost of interest and normal brokerage charges which are included in the cost of securities purchased by the Trust Fund (or charged to proceeds in the case of sales).

9.15     Resignation .  Any member of the Committee or Investment Subcommittee may resign by giving fifteen (15) days notice to the Board of Directors, and any member shall resign forthwith upon receipt of the written request of the Board of Directors, whether or not said member is at that time the only member of the Committee or the Investment Subcommittee.

9.16     Reliance Upon Documents and Opinions .  The members of the Committee, the Investment Subcommittee, the Board of Directors, the Company and any person delegated to carry out any fiduciary responsibilities under the Plan (hereinafter a “delegated fiduciary”), shall be entitled to rely upon any tables, valuations, computations, estimates, certificates and reports furnished by any consultant, or firm or corporation which employs one or more consultants, upon any opinions furnished by legal counsel, and upon any reports furnished by the Trustee or any Investment Manager. The members of the Committee, the Investment Subcommittee, the Board of Directors, the Company and any delegated fiduciary shall be fully protected and shall not be liable in any manner whatsoever for anything done or action taken or suffered in reliance upon any such consultant, or firm or corporation which employs one or more consultants, Trustee, Investment Manager, or counsel. Any and all such things done or such action taken or suffered

 

49


by the Committee, the Investment Subcommittee, the Board of Directors, the Company and any delegated fiduciary shall be conclusive and binding on all Employees, Participants, Beneficiaries, and any other persons whomsoever, except as otherwise provided by law. The Committee, the Investment Subcommittee, and any delegated fiduciary may, but are not required to, rely upon all records of the Company with respect to any matter or thing whatsoever, and may likewise treat such records as conclusive with respect to all Employees, Participants, Beneficiaries, and any other persons whomsoever, except as otherwise provided by law.

9.17     Appointment of Investment Manager .  From time to time the Committee, in accordance with Section 9.7 hereof, may appoint one or more Investment Managers who shall have investment management and control over assets of the Trust. The Committee shall notify the Trustee of such assets of the appointment of the Investment Manager. In the event more than one Investment Manager is appointed, the Committee shall determine which assets shall be subject to management and control by each Investment Manager and shall also determine the proportion in which funds withdrawn or disbursed shall be charged against the assets subject to each Investment Manager’s management and control. As shall be provided in any contract between an Investment Manager and the Committee, such Investment Manager shall hold a revocable proxy with respect to all securities which are held under the management of such Investment Manager pursuant to such contract, and such Investment Manager shall report the voting of all securities subject to such proxy on an annual basis to the Committee.

 

50


ARTICLE X

AMENDMENT AND ADOPTION OF PLAN

10.1     Right to Amend Plan .  The Sponsor, by resolution of the Board of Directors, shall have the right to amend the Plan and any trust agreement with the Trustee at any time and from time to time and in such manner and to such extent as it may deem advisable, including retroactively, subject to the following provisions:

(a)    No amendment shall have the effect of reducing any Participant’s vested interest in the Plan or eliminating an optional form of distribution.

(b)    No amendment shall have the effect of diverting any part of the assets of the Plan to persons or purposes other than the exclusive benefit of the Participants or their Beneficiaries.

(c)    No amendment shall have the effect of increasing the duties or responsibilities of a Trustee without its written consent.

(d)    No amendment shall result in discrimination in favor of officers, shareholders, or other highly compensated or key employees.

The Committee shall have the right to amend the Plan, subject to paragraphs (a) through (d) above, in accordance with the provisions of Section 9.6(f).

10.2     Adoption of Plan by Affiliated Companies .  Subject to approval by the Board of Directors and consistent with the provisions of ERISA, an Affiliated Company may adopt the Plan for all or any specified group of its Eligible Employees by entering into an adoption agreement in the form and substance prescribed by the Committee. The adoption agreement may include such modification of the Plan provisions with respect to such Eligible Employees as the Committee approves after having determined that no prohibited discrimination or other threat to the qualification of the Plan is likely to result. The Board of Directors may prospectively revoke or modify an Affiliated Company’s participation in the Plan at any time and for any or no reason, without regard to the terms of the adoption agreement, or terminate the Plan with respect to such Affiliated Company’s Eligible Employees and Participants. By execution of an adoption agreement (each of which by this reference shall become part of the Plan), the Affiliated Company agrees to be bound by all the terms and conditions of the Plan.

 

51


ARTICLE XI

TERMINATION AND MERGER

11.1     Right to Terminate Plan .  The Sponsor, by resolution of the Board of Directors, may terminate or partially terminate the Plan. If the Plan is terminated or partially terminated, the assets of the Plan shall be allocated, subject to Section 11.3, as provided in Section 4044 of the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974 (as it may be from time to time amended or construed by any appropriate governmental agency or corporation), without subclasses. Effective as of the first day of the sixth calendar year following the adoption date of this amended and restated Plan, in the event of a termination of the Plan (other than a partial termination), any amount remaining after all fixed and contingent liabilities of the Plan have been satisfied shall revert to the Company notwithstanding any provision in the Plan to the contrary. In the event of a termination of the Plan (other than a partial termination) prior to the first day of the sixth calendar year following the adoption date of this amended and restated Plan, any amount remaining after all fixed and contingent liabilities of the Plan have been satisfied shall be allocated to each Participant in proportion to the present value of a benefit commencing at Normal Retirement Date equal to such Participant’s Average Earnings times Benefit Years. Any allocations under this Section to Participants with respect to whom the Plan is terminating shall be nonforfeitable. Except as otherwise required by law, the time and manner of distribution of the assets or the time and manner of any reversion of assets to the Company shall be determined by the Sponsor by amendment to the Plan.

11.2     Merger Restriction .  No merger or consolidation with, or transfer of any of the Plan’s assets or liabilities to, any other plan shall occur at any time unless each Participant would (if the Plan had then terminated) receive a benefit immediately after the merger, consolidation, or transfer which is equal to or greater than the benefit he or she would have been entitled to receive immediately before the merger, consolidation, or transfer (if the Plan had then terminated).

11.3     Effect on Trustee and Committee .  The Trustee and the Committee shall continue to function as such for such period of time as may be necessary for the winding up of the Plan and for the making of distributions in the manner prescribed by the Board of Directors at the time of termination of the Plan.

11.4     Effect of Reorganization, Transfer of Assets or Change in Control .

(a)    In the event of a consolidation or merger of the Company, or in the event of a sale and/or any other transfer of the operating assets of the Company, any ultimate successor or successors to the business of the Company may continue the Plan in full force and effect by adopting the same by resolution of its board of directors and by executing a proper supplemental or transfer agreement with the Trustee.

(b)    In the event of a Change in Control (as herein defined), all Participants who were Participants on the date of such Change in Control shall become 100% vested in their Accrued Benefit on the date of such Change in Control and in any benefit accruals subsequent to the date of the Change in Control. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Board of Directors may, at its discretion, amend or delete this paragraph (b) in its

 

52


entirety prior to the occurrence of any such Change in Control. For the purpose of this paragraph (b), “Change in Control” shall mean the following and shall be deemed to occur if any of the following events occur:

(i)    Any “person,” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (a “Person”), is or becomes the “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act (a “Beneficial Owner”), directly or indirectly, of securities of the Sponsor representing (1) 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Sponsor’s then outstanding voting securities, which acquisition is not approved in advance of the acquisition or within 30 days after the acquisition by a majority of the Incumbent Board (as hereinafter defined) or (2) 33% or more of the combined voting power of the Sponsor’s then outstanding voting securities, without regard to whether such acquisition is approved by the Incumbent Board;

(ii)    Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board of Directors (the “Incumbent Board”), cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors, provided that any person becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by the Sponsor’s stockholders, is approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (other than an election or nomination of an individual whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest relating to the election of the directors of the Sponsor, as such terms are used in Rule 14a-11 of Regulation 14A promulgated under the Exchange Act) shall, for the purposes of the Plan, be considered as though such person were a member of the Incumbent Board of the Sponsor;

(iii)    The consummation of a merger, consolidation or reorganization involving the Sponsor, other than one which satisfies both of the following conditions:

(A)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization which would result in the voting securities of the Sponsor outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of another entity) at least 55% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of the Sponsor or such other entity resulting from the merger, consolidation or reorganization (the “Surviving Corporation”) outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or reorganization and being held in substantially the same proportion as the ownership in the Sponsor’s voting securities immediately before such merger, consolidation or reorganization, and

(B)    a merger, consolidation or reorganization in which no Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner, directly or indirectly, of

 

53


securities of the Sponsor representing 20% or more of the combined voting power of the Sponsor’s then outstanding voting securities; or

(iv)    The stockholders of the Sponsor approve a plan of complete liquidation of the Sponsor or an agreement for the sale or other disposition by the Sponsor of all or substantially all of the Sponsor’s assets.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this paragraph (b), a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this paragraph (b) is (i) an underwriter or underwriting syndicate that has acquired any of the Sponsor’s then outstanding voting securities solely in connection with a public offering of the Sponsor’s securities, (ii) the Sponsor or any subsidiary of the Sponsor or (iii) an employee stock ownership plan or other employee benefit plan maintained by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company that is qualified under the provisions of the Code. In addition, notwithstanding the preceding provisions of this paragraph (b), a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions of this paragraph (b) becomes a Beneficial Owner of more than the permitted amount of outstanding securities as a result of the acquisition of voting securities by the Sponsor or an Affiliated Company which, by reducing the number of voting securities outstanding, increases the proportional number of shares beneficially owned by such Person, provided, that if a Change in Control would occur but for the operation of this sentence and such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional voting securities (other than through the exercise of options granted under any stock option plan of the Sponsor or through a stock dividend or stock split), then a Change in Control shall occur.

(c)    For purposes of this Section 11.4, a Change of Control shall not be deemed to have occurred upon the distribution of the stock of Advanced Medical Optics, Inc. on June 29, 2002 by the Sponsor to its stockholders.

11.5     Termination Restrictions .  The following termination restrictions shall apply:

(a)    In the event the Plan is terminated, the Accrued Benefit of any Highly Compensated Employee (active or former) shall be limited to an Accrued Benefit that is nondiscriminatory under Code Section 401(a)(4).

(b)    The Accrued Benefit distributed to any of the 25 most Highest Compensated Employees (active or former) with the greatest Earnings in the current or any prior year shall be restricted so that the annual payments to such Highest Compensated Employee are no greater than an amount equal to the payment that would be made on behalf of the Highly Compensated Employee under a straight life annuity that is the actuarial equivalent of the sum of the Highly Compensated Employee’s Accrued Benefit, other benefits under the Plan (other than social security supplement, within the meaning of Section 1.411(a)-7(c)(4)(ii) of the Income Tax Regulations), and the amount that he or she is entitled to receive under a social security supplement.

 

54


(c)    Paragraph (b) shall not apply if:

(i)    After payment of the Accrued Benefit to an Employee described in paragraph (a), the value of Plan assets equals or exceeds 110% of the value of current liabilities, as defined in Code Section 412(1)(7),

(ii)    The value of the Accrued Benefit for an Employee described in paragraph (a) is less than 1% of the value of current liabilities before distribution, or

(iii)    The value of the Accrued Benefit payable under the Plan to an Employee described in paragraph (b) does not exceed $3,500.

For purposes of this paragraph (c), the Accrued Benefit includes loans in excess of the amount set forth in Code Section 72(p)(2)(A), any periodic income, any withdrawal values payable to a living Employee, and any death benefits not provided for by insurance on the Employee’s life.

 

55


ARTICLE XII

TOP-HEAVY RULES

12.1     Applicability .  Notwithstanding any provision in the Plan to the contrary, and subject to the limitations set forth in Section 12.7, the requirements of Sections 12.4, 12.5, and 12.6 shall apply under the Plan in the case of any Plan Year in which the Plan is determined to be a Top-Heavy Plan under the rules of Section 12.3. For the purpose of this Article XII, the term “Company” shall mean the Sponsor and any Affiliated Company whether or not such Affiliated Company has adopted the Plan.

12.2     Definitions .  For purposes of this Article XII, the following special definitions and rules shall apply:

(a)    The term “Key Employee” means any Employee or former Employee (including any deceased Employee) who, at any time during the Plan Year that includes the Determination Date, was an officer of the Company having annual Compensation greater than $130,000 (as adjusted under Code Section 416(i)(1) for Plan Years beginning after December 31, 2002), a Five Percent Owner of the Company, or an One Percent Owner of the Company having annual Compensation of more than $150,000.

(b)    The term “Five Percent Owner” means any person who owns (or is considered as owning within the meaning of Code Section 318) more than 5% of the outstanding stock of the Company or stock possessing more than 5% of the total combined voting power of all stock of the Company.

(c)    The term “One Percent Owner” means any person who would be described in paragraph (b) if “1%” were substituted for “5%” each place where it appears therein.

(d)    The term “Non-Key Employee” means any Employee who is not a Key Employee.

(e)    The term “Determination Date” means, with respect to any plan year, the last day of the preceding plan year. In the case of the first plan year of any plan, the term “Determination Date” shall mean the last day of that plan year.

(f)    The term “Aggregation Group” means (i) each qualified plan of the Company in which at least one Key Employee participates or participated at any time during the determination period (regardless of whether the plan has terminated), and (ii) any other qualified plan of the Company which enables a plan described in clause (i) to meet the requirements of Code Sections 401(a)(4) or 410. Any plan not required to be included in an Aggregation Group under the preceding rules may be treated as being part of such group if the group would continue to meet the requirements of Code Sections 401(a)(4) and 410 with the plan being taken into account.

 

56


(g)    For purposes of determining ownership under paragraphs (a), (b) and (c) above, the following special rules shall apply: (i) Code Section 318(a)(2)(C) shall be applied by substituting “5%” for “50%”, and (ii) the aggregation rules of Code Sections 414(b), (c) and (m) shall not apply, with the result that the ownership tests of this Section 12.2 shall apply separately with respect to each Affiliated Company.

(h)    The terms “Key Employee” and “Non-Key Employee” shall include their Beneficiaries, and the definitions provided under this Section 12.2 shall be interpreted and applied in a manner consistent with the provisions of Code Section 416(i) and the regulations thereunder.

(i)    For purposes of this Article XII, an Employee’s Compensation shall be determined in accordance with the rules of Code Section 415 and the regulations thereunder.

12.3     Top-Heavy Status .

(a)    The term “Top-Heavy Plan” means, with respect to any Plan Year:

(i)    Any defined benefit plan if, as of the Determination Date, the present value of the cumulative accrued benefits under the plan for Key Employees exceeds 60% of the present value of the cumulative accrued benefits under the plan for all Employees; and

(ii)    Any defined contribution plan if, as of the Determination Date, the aggregate of the account balances of Key Employees under the plan exceeds 60% of the aggregate of the account balances of all Employees under the plan.

In applying the foregoing provisions of this paragraph (a), the valuation date to be used in valuing Plan assets shall be (i) in the case of a defined benefit plan, the same date which is used for computing costs for minimum funding purposes, and (ii) in the case of a defined contribution plan, the most recent valuation date within a 12-month period ending on the applicable Determination Date.

(b)    Each plan maintained by the Company required to be included in an Aggregation Group shall be treated as a Top-Heavy Plan if the Aggregation Group is a Top-Heavy Group.

(c)    The term “Top-Heavy Group” means any Aggregation Group if the sum (as of the Determination Date) of (i) the present value of the cumulative accrued benefits for Key Employees under all defined benefit plans included in the group, and (ii) the aggregate of the account balances of Key Employees under all defined contribution plans included in the group exceeds 60% of a similar sum determined for all Employees. For purposes of determining the present value of the cumulative accrued benefit of any Employee, or the amount of the account balance of any Employee, such present value or amount shall be increased by the aggregate distributions made with respect to the

 

57


Employee under the plan (including a terminated plan which, had it not been terminated, would have been aggregated with the plan under Code Section 416(g)(2)(A)(i)) during the one year period ending on the Determination Date. In the case of distributions made for a reason other than severance from employment, death, or disability, the preceding sentence shall be applied by substituting “5-year period” for “1-year period.” Any rollover contribution or similar transfer initiated by the Employee and made after December 31, 1983, to a plan shall not be taken into account with respect to the transferee plan for purposes of determining whether such plan is a Top-Heavy Plan (or whether any Aggregation Group which includes such plan is a Top-Heavy Group).

(d)    If any individual is a Non-Key Employee with respect to any plan for any plan year, but the individual was a Key Employee with respect to the plan for any prior plan year, any accrued benefit for the individual (and the account balance of the individual) shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 12.3.

(e)    If any individual has not performed services for the Company at any time during the one year period ending on the Determination Date, any accrued benefit for such individual (and the account balance of the individual) shall not be taken into account for purposes of this Section 12.3.

(f)    In applying the foregoing provisions of this Section, the accrued benefit of a Non-Key Employee shall be determined (i) under the method, if any, which is used for accrual purposes under all plans of the Company and any Affiliate, or (ii) if there is no such uniform method, as if such benefit accrued not more rapidly than the slowest accrual rate permitted under Code Section 411(b)(1)(C).

(g)    For all purposes of this Article XII, the definitions provided under this Section 12.3 shall be applied and interpreted in a manner consistent with the provisions of Code Section 416(g) and the Regulations thereunder.

12.4     Minimum Benefit .

(a)    The Plan shall provide a minimum benefit for each Participant who is not classified as a “Key Employee.” This minimum benefit, when expressed as an annual retirement benefit payable in the form of a single life annuity beginning when the Participant attains Age 65, shall not be less than the Participant’s average annual compensation during the period of consecutive years (not exceeding five (5)) during which the Participant had the greatest aggregate compensation from the Company multiplied by the lesser of:

(i)    Two percent (2%) multiplied by the number of his or her Vesting Years; or

(ii)    Twenty percent (20%).

 

58


(b)    For purposes of this Section 12.4, Vesting Years shall be determined under Code Sections 411(a)(4), (5), and (6), but excluding:

(i)    Any Vesting Year if the Plan was not a Top-Heavy Plan for the Plan Year ending during such Vesting Year;

(ii)    Any Vesting Year which was completed in a Plan Year beginning before January 1, 1984; and

(iii)    Any Vesting Year which was completed in a Plan Year beginning on or after January 1, 2002 during which the Plan benefits (within the meaning of Code Section 410(b)) no Key Employee or former Key Employee.

(c)    The Participant’s minimum benefit determined under this Section 12.4 shall be calculated without regard to any Social Security benefits payable to the Participant.

(d)    In the event a Participant is covered by both a defined contribution and a defined benefit plan maintained by the Company, both of which are determined to be Top-Heavy Plans, the Company shall satisfy the minimum benefit requirements of Code Section 416 by providing (in lieu of the minimum contribution described under the defined contribution plan) a minimum benefit under the Plan so as to prevent the duplication of required minimum benefits hereunder.

12.5     Maximum Benefit .

(a)    Except as set forth below, in the case of any Top-Heavy Plan the rules of Sections 5.7(a)(i) and 5.7(b) shall be applied by substituting “1.0” for “1.25.”

(b)    The rule set forth in paragraph (a) above shall not apply if the requirements of both subparagraphs (i) and (ii) are satisfied.

(i)    The requirements of this subparagraph (i) are satisfied if the rules of Section 12.4(a) above would be satisfied after substituting “three percent (3%)” for “two percent (2%)” where it appears therein and by increasing (but not by more than ten (10) percentage points) twenty percent (20%) by one (1) percentage point for each year for which the Plan is a Top Heavy Plan.

(ii)    The requirements of this subparagraph (ii) are satisfied if the Plan would not be a Top-Heavy Plan if “ninety percent (90%)” were substituted for “sixty percent (60%)” each place it appears in Sections 12.3(a) and 12.3(c).

(c)    The rules of paragraph (a) shall not apply with respect to any Employee as long as there are no —

 

59


(i)    Company contributions, forfeitures, or voluntary nondeductible contributions allocated to the Employee under a defined contribution plan maintained by the Company, or

(ii)    Accruals by the Employee under a defined benefit plan maintained by the Company.

(d)    In the case where the Plan is subject to the rules of paragraph (a) above, the transition fraction rules of Code Section 415(e)(6) shall be applied by substituting “$41,500” for “$51,875.”

12.6     Minimum Vesting Rules .

(a)    For any Plan Year in which it is determined that the Plan is a Top-Heavy Plan, the vesting schedule of the Plan shall be changed to that set forth below (unless the Plan’s vesting schedule otherwise provides for vesting at a rate at least as rapid as that set forth below):

 

Number of Vesting Years

   Nonforfeitable Percentage

Less than 3 years

       0%

3 or more

   100%

(b)    If the Plan ceases to be a Top-Heavy Plan, the vesting schedule of the Plan shall (for such Plan Years as the Plan is not a Top-Heavy Plan) revert to that provided in Section 5.11 (the “Regular Vesting Schedule”). If such reversion to the Regular Vesting Schedule is deemed to constitute a vesting schedule change that is attributable to a Plan amendment (within the meaning of Code Section 411(a)(10)), then such reversion to said Regular Vesting Schedule shall be subject to the requirements of Code Section 411(a)(10). For such purposes, the date of the adoption of such deemed amendment shall be the Determination Date as of which it is determined that the Plan has ceased to be a Top-Heavy Plan.

12.7     Noneligible Employees .  The rules of this Article XII shall not apply to any Employee included in a unit of employees covered by a collective bargaining agreement between employee representatives and one or more employers if retirement benefits were the subject of good faith bargaining between such employee representatives and the employer or employers.

 

60


ARTICLE XIII

RESTRICTION ON ASSIGNMENT OR

OTHER ALIENATION OF PLAN BENEFITS

13.1     General Restrictions Against Alienation .

(a)    The interest of any Participant or his or her Beneficiary in the income, benefits, payments, claims or rights hereunder, or in the Trust Fund, shall not in any event be subject to sale, assignment, hypothecation, or transfer. Each Participant and Beneficiary is prohibited from anticipating, encumbering, assigning, or in any manner alienating his or her interest under the Trust Fund, and is without power to do so. The interest of any Participant or Beneficiary shall not be liable or subject to his or her debts, liabilities, or obligations, now contracted, or which may hereafter be contracted, and such interest shall be free from all claims, liabilities, or other legal process now or hereafter incurred or arising. Neither the interest of a Participant or Beneficiary, nor any part thereof, shall be subject to any judgment rendered against any such Participant or Beneficiary. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a Participant’s or Beneficiary’s interest in the Plan may be subject to the enforcement of a Federal tax levy made pursuant to Code Section 6331 or the collection by the United States on a judgment resulting from an unpaid tax assessment.

(b)    In the event any person attempts to take any action contrary to this Article XIII, such action shall be null and void and of no effect, and the Company, the Committee, the Trustee and all Participants and their Beneficiaries, may disregard such action and are not in any manner bound thereby, and they, and each of them, shall suffer no liability for any such disregard thereof, and shall be reimbursed on demand out of the Trust Fund for the amount of any loss, cost or expense incurred as a result of disregarding or of acting in disregard of such action.

(c)    The foregoing provisions of this Section shall be interpreted and applied by the Committee in accordance with the requirements of Code Section 401(a)(13) and Section 206(d) of ERISA as construed and interpreted by authoritative judicial and administrative rulings and regulations.

13.2     Qualified Domestic Relations Orders .  The rule set forth in Section 13.1 above shall not apply with respect to a “Qualified Domestic Relations Order” as described below.

(a)    A “Qualified Domestic Relations Order” is a judgment, decree, or order (including approval of a property settlement agreement) that:

(i)    Creates or recognizes the existence of an Alternate Payee’s right to, or assigns to an Alternate Payee the right to, receive all or a portion of the benefits payable under this Plan with respect to a Participant,

 

61


(ii)    Relates to the provision of child support, alimony payments, or marital property rights to a spouse, former spouse, child or other dependent of a Participant,

(iii)    Is made pursuant to a State domestic relations law (including a community property law), and

(iv)    Clearly specifies: (1) the name and last known mailing address (if any) of the Participant and the name and mailing address of each Alternate Payee covered by the order (if the Committee does not have reason to know that address independently of the order); (2) the amount or percentage of the Participant’s benefits to be paid to each Alternate Payee, or the manner in which the amount or percentage is to be determined; (3) the number of payments or period to which the order applies; and (4) each plan to which the order applies.

For purposes of this Section 13.2, “Alternate Payee” means any spouse, former spouse, child or other dependent of a Participant who is recognized by a domestic relations order as having a right to receive all, or a portion of, the benefits payable with respect to the Participant.

(b)    A domestic relations order is not a Qualified Domestic Relations Order if it requires:

(i)    The Plan to provide any type or form of benefit, or any option, not otherwise provided under the Plan;

(ii)    The Plan to provide increased benefits; or

(iii)    The payment of benefits to an Alternate Payee that are required to be paid to another Alternate Payee under a previous Qualified Domestic Relations Order.

(c)    A domestic relations order shall not be considered to fail to satisfy the requirements of paragraph (b)(i) above with respect to any payment made before a Participant has separated from service solely because the order requires that payment of benefits be made to an Alternate Payee:

(i)    On or after the date on which the Participant attains (or would have first attained) his earliest retirement age (as defined in Code Section 414(p)(4)(B));

(ii)    As if the Participant had retired on the date on which such payment is to begin under such order (but taking into account only the present value of accrued benefits and not taking into account the present value of any subsidy for early retirement benefits); and

 

62


(iii)    In any form in which such benefits may be paid under the Plan to the Participant (other than in the form of a joint and survivor annuity with respect to the Alternate Payee and his or her subsequent spouse).

Notwithstanding the foregoing, if the Participant dies before his or her earliest retirement age (as defined in Code Section 414(p)(4)(B)), the Alternate Payee is entitled to benefits only if the Qualified Domestic Relations Order requires survivor benefits to be paid to the Alternate Payee.

(d)    To the extent provided in any Qualified Domestic Relations Order, the former spouse of a Participant shall be treated as a surviving spouse of the Participant for purposes of applying the rules (relating to minimum survivor annuity requirements) of Code Sections 401(a)(11) and 417, and any current spouse of the Participant shall not be treated as a spouse of the Participant for such purposes.

(e)    In the case of any domestic relations order received by the Plan, the Committee shall promptly notify the Participant and any Alternate Payee of the receipt of the order and the Plan’s procedures for determining the qualified status of domestic relations orders. Within a reasonable period after the receipt of the order, the Committee shall determine whether the order is a Qualified Domestic Relations Order and shall notify the Participant and each Alternate Payee of such determination.

(f)    The Committee shall establish reasonable procedures to determine the qualified status of domestic relations orders and to administer distributions under Qualified Domestic Relations Orders. During any period in which the issue of whether a domestic relations order is a Qualified Domestic Relations Order is being determined (by the Committee, by a court of competent jurisdiction, or otherwise), the Committee shall segregate in a separate account in the Plan (or in an escrow account) the amounts which would have been payable to the Alternate Payee during the period if the order had been determined to be a Qualified Domestic Relations Order. If within the 18 Month Period (as defined below), the order (or modification thereof) is determined to be a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, the Committee shall pay the segregated amounts (plus any interest thereon) to the person or persons entitled thereto. However, if within the 18 Month Period (i) it is determined that the order to not a Qualified Domestic Relations Order, or (ii) the issue as to whether the order is a Qualified Domestic Relations Order is not resolved, then the Committee shall pay the segregated amounts (plus any interest thereon) to the person or persons who would have been entitled to the amounts if there had been no order (assuming such benefits were otherwise payable). Any determination that an order is a Qualified Domestic Relations Order that is made after the close of the 18 Month Period shall be applied prospectively only. For purposes of this Section 13.2, the “18 Month Period” shall mean the 18 month period beginning with the date on which the first payment would be required to be made under the domestic relations order.

 

63


ARTICLE XIV

MISCELLANEOUS

14.1     No Right of Employment Hereunder .  The adoption and maintenance of the Plan and Trust shall not be deemed to constitute a contract of employment or otherwise between the Company and any Employee or Participant, or to be a consideration for, or an inducement or condition of, any employment. Nothing contained herein shall be deemed to give any Employee the right to be retained in the service of the Company or to interfere with the right of the Company to discharge, with or without cause, any Employee or Participant at any time, which right is hereby expressly reserved.

14.2     Effect of Article Headings .  Article headings are for convenient reference only and shall not be deemed to be a part of the substance of this instrument or in any way to enlarge or limit the contents of any Article.

14.3     Limitation on Company Liability .  Any benefits payable under the Plan shall be paid or provided for solely from the Plan and the Company assumes no liability or responsibility therefor.

14.4     Interpretation .  The provisions of the Plan shall in all cases be interpreted in a manner that is consistent with the Plan satisfying the requirements of Code Section 401(a) and related statutes for qualification as a defined benefit plan.

14.5     Withholding For Taxes .  Any payments from the Trust Fund may be subject to withholding for taxes as may be required by any applicable federal or state law.

14.6     California Law Controlling .  All legal questions pertaining to the Plan which are not controlled by ERISA shall be determined in accordance with the laws of the State of California and all contributions made hereunder shall be deemed to have been made in that State.

14.7     Plan and Trust as One Instrument .  The Plan and any trust agreement adopted hereunder shall be construed together as one instrument. In the event that any conflict arises between the terms and/or conditions of any trust agreement with the Trustee and the Plan, the provisions of the Plan shall control, except that with respect to the duties and responsibilities of the Trustee, the trust agreement shall control.

14.8     Invalid Provisions .  If any paragraph, section, sentence, clause or phrase contained in the Plan shall become illegal, null or void or against public policy, for any reason, or shall be held by any court of competent jurisdiction to be incapable of being construed or limited in a manner to make it enforceable, or is otherwise held by such court to be illegal, null or void or against public policy, the remaining paragraphs, sections, sentences, clauses or phrases contained in the Plan shall not be affected thereby.

14.9     Counterparts .  This instrument may be executed in one or more counterparts each of which shall be legally binding and enforceable.

 

64


14.10     Forfeitures .  All forfeitures arising under the Plan shall be used as soon as possible to reduce the Company’s contributions and shall not be applied to increase the benefits any person would otherwise receive under the Plan.

14.11     Facility of Payment .  If the Committee deems any person incapable of receiving benefits to which he is entitled by reason of minority, illness, infirmity, or other incapacity, it may direct that payment be made directly for the benefit of such person or to any person selected by the Committee to disburse it, whose receipt shall be a complete acquittance therefor. Such payments shall, to the extent thereof, discharge all liability of the Company and the party making the payment.

14.12     Lapsed Benefits .

(a)    In the event that a benefit is payable under the Plan to a Participant and after reasonable efforts the Participant cannot be located for the purpose of paying the benefit during a period of three consecutive years, the Participant shall be presumed dead and the benefit (if any) shall, upon the termination of that three year period, be paid to the Participant’s Beneficiary.

(b)    If any eligible Beneficiary cannot be located for the purpose of paying the benefit for the following two years, then the benefit shall be forfeited and applied in accordance with the provisions of Section 14.10.

(c)    Notwithstanding the foregoing rules, if after such a forfeiture the Participant or an eligible Beneficiary shall claim the forfeited benefit, the amount forfeited shall be reinstated and paid to the claimant as soon as practical following the claimant’s production of reasonable proof of his or her identity and entitlement to the benefit (determined pursuant to the Plan’s normal claim review procedures under Sections 9.8 and 9.9).

(d)    The Committee shall direct the Trustee with respect to the procedures to be followed concerning a missing Participant (or Beneficiary), and the Company shall be obligated to contribute to the Trust Fund any amounts necessary after the application of Section 14.10 to pay any reinstated benefit after it has been forfeited pursuant to the provisions of this Section.

 

65


IN WITNESS WHEREOF, Allergan, Inc. hereby executes this instrument, evidencing the terms of the Allergan, Inc. Pension Plan as restated this 10 day of November , 2010 .

 

ALLERGAN, INC.
By:       /s/ Scott D. Sherman
 

Scott D. Sherman

Executive Vice President, Human Resources

 

66


APPENDIX A

A.1    The Actuarial Equivalent of a benefit other than a lump sum shall be determined as follows:

(a)    For Annuity Starting Dates on or after July 1, 2002, the Actuarial Equivalent of a benefit other than a lump sum shall be determined by applying a 7% interest rate and the 1994 Group Annuity Reserving Table; provided, however, the Actuarial Equivalent of a contingent benefit option which provides a benefit following a Participant’s death to the Participant’s surviving spouse shall be determined by the factors set forth in Table I under this Appendix A if greater.

(b)    For Annuity Starting Dates commencing as of the Plan’s Original Effective Date and ending June 30, 2002, the Actuarial Equivalent of a benefit other than a lump sum shall be determined by applying a 7% interest rate and the 1971 GAM Mortality Table — Males (age set-back 2 years); provided, however, the Actuarial Equivalent of a contingent benefit option which provides a benefit following a Participant’s death to the Participant’s surviving spouse shall be determined by the factors set forth in Table II under this Appendix A.

A.2    The Actuarial Equivalent of a Participant’s nonforfeitable Accrued Benefit payable in the form of a lump sum benefit shall, for purposes of Section 6.5, be determined as follows:

(a)    The Actuarial Equivalent for a lump sum benefit with an Annuity Starting Date on or after January 1, 2008 shall mean an amount of equal actuarial value based on the Applicable Mortality Table and the Applicable Interest Rate where:

(i)    “Applicable Mortality Table” is the table prescribed by the Secretary of the Treasury pursuant to Code Section 417(e)(3); and

(ii)    “Applicable Interest Rate” is the interest rate set forth in Code Section 417(e)(3) for:

(A)    the December prior to the Plan Year in which the Annuity Starting Date occurs for Annuity Starting Dates prior to January 1, 2011; and

(B)    for the third full month preceding the first day of the calendar quarter in which the Annuity Starting Date occurs for Annuity Starting Dates on or after January 1, 2011; provided, however, that for Annuity Starting Dates during the 2011 Plan Year, the Applicable Interest Rate shall be either the rate under section A.2.(ii)(A) or this section A.2.(ii)(B), whichever produces the greater benefit.

 

A-1


(b)    The Actuarial Equivalent of a lump sum benefit with an Annuity Starting Date on or after July 1, 2002 and prior to January 1, 2008 shall mean an amount of equal actuarial value based on the Applicable Mortality Table and the Applicable Interest Rate where:

(i)    “Applicable Mortality Table” means the 1994 Group Annuity Reserving Table; and

(ii)    “Applicable Interest Rate” means the annual interest rate on 30-year Treasury securities as specified by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for the first full calendar month preceding the Plan Year that contains the annuity starting date.

(c)    The Actuarial Equivalent of a lump sum benefit with an Annuity Starting Date on or after January 1, 1995 and prior to July 1, 2002 shall mean an amount of equal actuarial value based on the Applicable Mortality Table and the Applicable Interest Rate where:

(i)    “Applicable Mortality Table” means the 1983 Group Annuity Mortality Table; and

(ii)    “Applicable Interest Rate” means the annual interest rate on 30-year Treasury securities as specified by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue for the first full calendar month preceding the Plan Year that contains the annuity starting date.

(d)    The Actuarial Equivalent of a lump sum benefit with an Annuity Starting Date prior to January 1, 1995, shall mean an amount equal to the actuarial value based on the interest rate(s) which would be used (as of the first day of the Plan Year in which falls the annuity starting date) by the Pension Benefits Guaranty Corporation (PBGC) for a trusteed single-employer plan to value a benefit upon termination of an insufficient trusteed single-employer plan and the 1971 GAM Mortality Table – Males (age set-back 2 years).

A.3    The Actuarial Equivalent of a Participant’s pension payable in the form of a level income option under Section 6.4(iv) with an Annuity Starting Date on or after January 1, 2009, shall be the greater of the benefit determined using the interest and mortality factors set forth in Section A.1(a) or the benefit using the interest and mortality factors set forth Section A.2(a) of this Appendix A.

 

A-2


ATTACHMENT TO APPENDIX A

TABLE I

OPTIONAL BENEFIT FORM FACTORS

(TO BE APPLIED TO STRAIGHT LIFE ANNUITY)

7%/1994 Group Annuity Reserving Table

 

Retiree

Age

 

50%

J&S

 

66-2/3%

J&S

 

75%

J&S

 

100%

J&S

 

5 Yr

C&C

 

10 Yr

C&C

 

15 Yr

C&C

 

20 Yr

C&C

35

  0.984   0.979   0.977   0.969   1.000   0.998   0.997   0.994

36

  0.984   0.978   0.976   0.968   1.000   0.998   0.996   0.994

37

  0.983   0.977   0.974   0.966   1.000   0.998   0.996   0.994

38

  0.982   0.976   0.973   0.964   1.000   0.998   0.996   0.993

39

  0.981   0.974   0.971   0.962   0.999   0.998   0.995   0.992

40

  0.980   0.973   0.970   0.960   0.999   0.998   0.995   0.992

41

  0.979   0.972   0.968   0.958   0.999   0.998   0.995   0.991

42

  0.977   0.970   0.967   0.956   0.999   0.997   0.994   0.990

43

  0.976   0.968   0.965   0.953   0.999   0.997   0.994   0.989

44

  0.975   0.967   0.963   0.951   0.999   0.997   0.993   0.987

45

  0.973   0.965   0.961   0.948   0.999   0.996   0.992   0.986

46

  0.972   0.963   0.959   0.946   0.999   0.996   0.991   0.984

47

  0.970   0.961   0.956   0.943   0.999   0.996   0.990   0.982

48

  0.969   0.959   0.954   0.939   0.999   0.995   0.989   0.980

49

  0.967   0.957   0.951   0.936   0.999   0.995   0.988   0.977

50

  0.965   0.954   0.949   0.933   0.998   0.994   0.986   0.974

51

  0.963   0.952   0.946   0.929   0.998   0.993   0.984   0.971

52

  0.961   0.949   0.943   0.925   0.998   0.992   0.982   0.967

53

  0.959   0.946   0.940   0.921   0.998   0.991   0.979   0.963

54

  0.957   0.943   0.937   0.917   0.997   0.990   0.976   0.958

55

  0.954   0.940   0.933   0.913   0.997   0.988   0.973   0.953

56

  0.952   0.937   0.930   0.908   0.997   0.986   0.969   0.947

57

  0.949   0.934   0.926   0.904   0.996   0.984   0.965   0.941

58

  0.947   0.930   0.922   0.899   0.995   0.982   0.960   0.934

59

  0.944   0.927   0.918   0.894   0.995   0.979   0.955   0.926

60

  0.941   0.923   0.915   0.889   0.994   0.976   0.949   0.918

61

  0.939   0.920   0.911   0.884   0.993   0.973   0.943   0.909

62

  0.936   0.916   0.906   0.879   0.992   0.969   0.937   0.899

63

  0.933   0.912   0.902   0.874   0.991   0.965   0.929   0.888

64

  0.930   0.909   0.898   0.869   0.989   0.961   0.921   0.877

65

  0.927   0.905   0.894   0.864   0.988   0.956   0.913   0.865

 

A-3


ATTACHMENT TO APPENDIX A

TABLE I

OPTIONAL BENEFIT FORM FACTORS

(TO BE APPLIED TO STRAIGHT LIFE ANNUITY)

7%/1994 Group Annuity Reserving Table

 

Retiree

Age

 

50%

J&S

 

66-2/3%

J&S

 

75%

J&S

 

100%

J&S

 

5 Yr

C&C

 

10 Yr

C&C

 

15 Yr

C&C

 

20 Yr

C&C

66

  0.924   0.901   0.890   0.859   0.986   0.951   0.904   0.852

67

  0.921   0.898   0.887   0.854   0.985   0.946   0.894   0.838

68

  0.919   0.894   0.883   0.850   0.983   0.940   0.883   0.824

69

  0.916   0.891   0.879   0.845   0.981   0.933   0.871   0.808

70

  0.913   0.887   0.875   0.840   0.979   0.926   0.858   0.791

71

  0.910   0.883   0.871   0.835   0.976   0.917   0.844   0.773

72

  0.907   0.879   0.866   0.829   0.973   0.907   0.828   0.754

73

  0.904   0.875   0.862   0.824   0.970   0.896   0.811   0.734

74

  0.900   0.871   0.857   0.819   0.966   0.884   0.792   0.712

75

  0.897   0.867   0.853   0.813   0.961   0.870   0.772   0.690

76

  0.893   0.863   0.848   0.807   0.955   0.854   0.750   0.667

77

  0.890   0.858   0.843   0.801   0.948   0.837   0.727   0.643

78

  0.886   0.854   0.838   0.795   0.941   0.819   0.703   0.619

79

  0.883   0.849   0.834   0.790   0.932   0.798   0.678   0.595

80

  0.879   0.845   0.829   0.784   0.923   0.777   0.653   0.570

 

A-4


ATTACHMENT TO APPENDIX A

TABLE II

OPTIONAL BENEFIT FORM FACTORS

(TO BE APPLIED TO STRAIGHT LIFE ANNUITY)

7%/ 1971 GAM Mortality Table — Males (age set-back 2 years)

 

Retiree

Age

  50% J&S   66 2/3% J&S   100% J&S   5 Yr C&C   10 Yr C&C   15 Yr C&C   20 Yr C&C

40

  .975   .960   .945   .999   .996   .990   .983

41

  .973   .958   .942   .999   .995   .989   .981

42

  .971   .956   .939   .999   .995   .988   .979

43

  .969   .954   .936   .999   .994   .986   .976

44

  .967   .952   .933   .998   .993   .984   .973

45

  .965   .950   .930   .998   .992   .982   .970

46

  .963   .948   .926   .998   .991   .980   .967

47

  .961   .946   .922   .997   .990   .978   .963

48

  .959   .944   .918   .997   .988   .975   .959

49

  .957   .942   .914   .997   .987   .972   .954

50

  .955   .940   .910   .996   .985   .969   .950

51

  .953   .937   .906   .996   .984   .966   .945

52

  .951   .934   .902   .995   .982   .962   .939

53

  .949   .931   .898   .995   .980   .959   .933

54

  .947   .928   .894   .994   .978   .954   .926

55

  .945   .925   .890   .993   .975   .950   .919

56

  .942   .921   .885   .993   .973   .945   .911

57

  .939   .917   .880   .992   .970   .939   .902

58

  .936   .913   .875   .991   .967   .933   .893

59

  .933   .909   .870   .990   .963   .926   .883

60

  .930   .905   .865   .989   .959   .918   .872

61

  .927   .901   .860   .987   .954   .909   .860

62

  .924   .897   .855   .986   .949   .899   .847

63

  .921   .893   .850   .984   .943   .889   .833

64

  .918   .889   .845   .982   .937   .877   .818

65

  .915   .885   .840   .980   .929   .865   .802

66

  .911   .881   .834   .977   .921   .851   .785

67

  .907   .877   .828   .974   .911   .836   .768

68

  .903   .873   .822   .971   .901   .821   .749

69

  .899   .869   .816   .967   .890   .804   .730

 

A-5


ATTACHMENT TO APPENDIX A

TABLE II

OPTIONAL BENEFIT FORM FACTORS

(TO BE APPLIED TO STRAIGHT LIFE ANNUITY)

7%/ 1971 GAM Mortality Table — Males (age set-back 2 years)

 

Retiree

Age

  50% J&S   66 2/3% J&S   100% J&S   5 Yr C&C   10 Yr C&C   15 Yr C&C   20 Yr C&C

70

  .895   .865   .810   .962   .878   .787   .711

71

  .892   .862   .805   .957   .865   .769   .691

72

  .889   .859   .800   .952   .851   .750   .671

73

  .886   .856   .795   .946   .837   .731   .651

74

  .883   .853   .790   .940   .822   .711   .631

75

  .880   .850   .785   .934   .806   .691   .610

76

  .877   .846   .781   .927   .789   .671   .590

77

  .874   .842   .777   Left intentionally blank

78

  .871   .838   .773   Left intentionally blank

79

  .868   .834   .769   Left intentionally blank

80

  .865   .830   .765   Left intentionally blank

 

A-6


APPENDIX B

B.1    For purposes of Section 4.3(b) of the Plan, the Accrued Benefit of a Participant shall be equal to one-twelfth (1/12) of the difference between:

(a)    the sum of:

(i)    1.7% of his or her Average Earnings multiplied by the number of his or her Benefit Years to a maximum of 35 Benefit Years; plus

(ii)    0.5% of his or her Average Earnings for each Benefit Year in excess of 35 Benefit Years; and

(b)    1.43% of the Participant’s Primary Social Security Benefit multiplied by the number of his or her Benefit Years to a maximum of 35 Benefit Years.

Notwithstanding the foregoing, the Accrued Benefit of a Participant who is considered a highly compensated employee in 1989 within the meaning of Code Section 414(q)(1)(A) or (B) is limited to the Participant’s Accrued Benefit under the SKB Plan as of the Spin-Off Date. The Accrued Benefit of a Participant who is considered a highly compensated employee in 1990 within the meaning of Code Section 414(q)(1)(A) or (B), and is not considered a highly compensated employee in 1989 within the meaning of Code Section 414(q)(1)(A) or (B) is limited to the Participant’s Accrued Benefit as of December 31, 1989.

B.2    The level income option offered as an optional form of benefit under Section 6.4(b) of the Plan, provides a monthly pension payable as a Single Life Annuity or under a contingent beneficiary option. For purposes of this paragraph, the Single Life Annuity or, if a contingent beneficiary option is elected, the monthly amount payable to a Participant as reduced for the contingent beneficiary option shall be referred to as the Participant’s Life Pension. In order to recognize the increased benefits payable until age 62 (the “Temporary Pension”), the Participant’s Life Pension is reduced. The Temporary Pension shall end on the earlier of the Participant’s death or his or her attainment of age 62. If a contingent beneficiary option is elected and the Participant dies, then 100%, 75%, 66 2/3% or 50% (as previously elected by the Participant) of the Participant’s Life Pension as determined prior to the adjustment for the Temporary Pension shall be payable for the lifetime of his or her designated beneficiary.

B.3    The guaranteed payment option offered as an optional form of benefit under Section 6.4(b) of the Plan, provides a reduced benefit for the longer of the Participant’s lifetime or a specified number of months (60, 120, 180, or 240) with payments made to the Participant and any remaining guaranteed payments on the Participant’s death to a designated beneficiary or beneficiaries (hereinafter referred to as the “designated beneficiary”). For purposes of the guaranteed payment option, the following rules shall apply to beneficiary designations:

(a)    A Participant may change his or her designated beneficiary at any time and may designate a secondary beneficiary or beneficiaries to receive any remaining guaranteed payments on the Participant’s death in the event his or her designated beneficiary predeceases the Participant or dies during the guaranteed payment period.

 

B-1


(b)    If the Participant fails to designate a secondary beneficiary and the Participant’s designated beneficiary predeceases the Participant, any guaranteed payments on the Participant’s death shall be paid in a lump sum to either the Participant’s personal representative or heirs at law as determined under paragraph (d) below.

(c)    If the Participant fails to designate a secondary beneficiary and the Participant’s designated beneficiary dies while receiving payments during the guaranteed payment period, the designated beneficiary’s interest in the remaining guaranteed payments shall be paid in a lump sum to either the designated beneficiary’s personal representative or heirs at law as determined under paragraph (d) below.

(d)    In the event the deceased Participant or deceased designated beneficiary under paragraphs (b) and (c) above, respectively, is not a resident of California at the date of his or her death, the Committee, in its discretion, may require the establishment of ancillary administration in California. If the Committee cannot locate a qualified personal representative of the deceased Participant or deceased designated beneficiary, or if administration of the deceased Participant’s or deceased designated beneficiary’s estate is not otherwise required, the Committee, in its discretion, may pay the remaining guaranteed payments (or interest therein) to the deceased Participant’s or deceased designated beneficiary’s heirs at law (determined in accordance with the laws of the State of California as they existed at the date of the Participant’s or designated beneficiary’s death).

B.4    Notwithstanding anything in the Plan to the contrary, the reductions applied to the Accrued Benefits of Participants whose last Severance Date was prior to July 27, 1989 to reflect the value of coverage for pre-retirement death benefits shall no longer apply to benefits with Annuity Starting Dates on or after July 1, 2002.

 

B-2


APPENDIX C

Benefit Years and Vesting Years include service with the following Affiliated Companies (or their predecessors) effective on the dates shown:

 

     Vesting
Service
Effective
Date
     Benefit
Service
Effective
Date

Allergan America

   At hire      04/11/80

Allergan Corporate

   At hire      At hire*

Allergan Humphrey

   02/07/80      01/01/87

Allergan International

   At hire      At hire*

Allergan Medical Optics

   At hire      04/30/86

Allergan Medical Optics-Ioptex

   At hire      09/08/94

Allergan Medical Optics-Lenoir
(Departments 120-130)

   At hire      03/01/92

Allergan Medical Optics-Puerto Rico

   At hire      04/30/86

Allergan Optical Inc.
(formerly International Hydron Corporation)

   At hire      11/13/87

Allergan Optical Puerto Rico, Inc.

   At hire      11/13/87

Allergan Optical

   At hire      At hire*

Allergan Pharmaceuticals

   At hire      At hire*

Allergan Phoenix

   At hire      12/01/95

Allergan Puerto Rico, Inc.

(formerly Allergan Caribbean)

   At hire      04/11/80

Allergan Surgical

(formerly Innovative Surgical Products)

   At hire      At hire*

Herbert Labs

   At hire      At hire*

Herald Pharmacal

   At hire      08/03/95

Oculinum, Inc.

   At hire      06/28/91

Optical Micro Systems, Inc.

   At hire      01/27/95

*        If employment terminated between April 11, 1980 and January 1, 1986, Benefit Years shall be credited from April 11, 1980 or date of hire, whichever is later.

 

C-1

EXHIBIT 10.24

LOGO

2011

MANAGEMENT BONUS PLAN

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 

PURPOSE OF THE PLAN

The Allergan, Inc. 2011 Management Bonus Plan (the “Plan”) is designed to reward eligible management-level employees for their contributions to providing Allergan’s stockholders increased value for their investment through the successful accomplishment of specific financial objectives and individual performance objectives.

 

 

PLAN YEAR

The Plan year runs from January 1, 2011 through December 31, 2011.

 

 

ELIGIBILITY

Unless otherwise provided in a written agreement between the Company and the applicable employee, and subject to the terms of the Plan, you are eligible to participate in the Plan for the Plan year if you are:

 

 

employed as a regular full-time or part-time employee of Allergan, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the “Company”) as of June 30, 2011,

 

 

in salary grades 7E and above,

 

 

regularly scheduled to and work 20 or more hours per week,

 

 

not covered by any other bonus or sales incentive plan (including the Executive Bonus Plan).

 

 

actively employed by the Company on the date bonuses are paid (and are not on counseling review on such date) or you otherwise qualify for a pro-rated bonus upon retirement, disability, death or layoff under the terms set forth below. Any employee who terminates for reasons other than those noted below will receive no bonus.

Bonuses for the Plan year, if any, will be prorated for any participant who (i) becomes eligible to participate in the Plan after the beginning of the Plan year, (ii) retires on or after his or her “normal retirement” date (“normal retirement” is defined as termination of employment after the Plan participant has attained age 55, provided that such participant has been employed by the Company for a minimum of 5 years), (iii) becomes disabled, (iv) dies or (v) transfers into a position covered by another incentive plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, a participant will receive no bonus in cases of normal retirement or termination that, in either case, the Company determines in its sole discretion to be (a) by mutual agreement, (b) due to performance issues or (c) for serious misconduct. Bonuses, if any, for any participant who is laid-off will be prorated provided the participant was eligible to participate in the Plan for at least six months of the Plan year. All proration will be based on the number of months of participation in the Plan during the Plan year.

Notwithstanding anything in this Plan to the contrary, any individual who (a) performs services for the Company and is classified or paid as an independent contractor (regardless of his or her classification for federal tax or other legal purposes) by the Company or (b) performs services for the Company pursuant to an agreement between the Company and any other person or entity (e.g. a leasing organization) shall not be eligible to participate in the Plan.

 

 

11 MBP    Page -1-


 

PERFORMANCE OBJECTIVES

Bonuses under the Plan are determined based on both corporate performance and individual performance in relation to pre-established objectives, as follows:

CORPORATE OBJECTIVES

 

¿

Earnings Per Share (“EPS”) —EPS is defined as adjusted net earnings from continuing operations as measured by Wall Street divided by the weighted average number of common and common equivalent shares on a diluted basis.

 

¿

Revenue Growth in Local Currency —Net sales stated in constant local currency compared to the prior year. Specifically defined as the percentage change in annual net sales in constant local currency from the previous fiscal year end to the current fiscal year end (“Revenue Growth”). The purpose of net sales stated in constant local currency is to remove any impact on net sales growth from changes in currency exchange rates from year to year.

 

¿

Research and Development (“R&D”) Reinvestment Rate —R&D expense as a percentage of revenue. Specifically defined as the total annual R&D expense as a percentage of annual net sales as of the current fiscal year end.

 

¿

Operating Income —Operating Income compared to budget may be considered for allocation of bonus pool amounts by Business Unit/Function. Operating Income is defined as Net Sales minus Cost of Goods minus Selling and General Administrative expenses minus Research & Development minus allocated corporate interest where applicable.

INDIVIDUAL OBJECTIVES

Management Bonus Objectives (“MBOs”) are prepared by each participant and his or her supervisor at the beginning of the Plan year and may be modified throughout the year as necessary. Objectives should reflect major results and accomplishments to be achieved in order to meet short and long-term business goals that contribute to increased stockholder value. MBOs are expressed as specific, quantifiable measures of performance in relation to key operating decisions for the participant’s business unit, such as managing inventory levels, receivables, expenses, payables, increasing sales, eliminating unnecessary capital expenditures, etc.

At the end of the Plan year, the supervisor evaluates the participant’s performance in relation to his or her objectives in order to determine the size of the bonus award, if any. A more detailed description of how the award is calculated is provided under “Individual Bonus Award Calculation.”

 

 

BONUS POOL CALCULATION

The components of this calculation for the bonus pool amount are: (1) EPS, (2) Revenue Growth and (3) R&D Reinvestment Rate.

Bonus pool amount

Bonuses become payable when the Company achieves a threshold level of

target EPS performance. The bonus pool is determined by EPS performance,

Revenue Growth and R&D Reinvestment Rate as outlined in the table below.

 

 

11 MBP    Page -2-


Earnings Per Share         Revenue Growth         R&D Reinvest Rate          
               

EPS

Range%

   EPS Range        Bonus % of    
Target
        Revenue
Growth
   Bonus % of    
Target
        R&D
Reinvest
Rate
   Bonus % of    
Target
        Bonus % of    
Target
             

-4.2%

   -$0.150    0.0%                             0.0%
             

-2.2%

   -$0.080    46.0%       3.7%    0.0%       14.85%    0.0%       46.0%
             

-1.9%

   -$0.070    57.0%       4.7%    2.0%       15.10%    2.0%       61.0%
             

-1.3%

   -$0.045    68.0%       5.7%    4.0%       15.35%    4.0%       76.0%
             

-1.0%

   -$0.035    72.0%       6.7%    6.0%       15.60%    6.0%       84.0%
             

-0.6%

   -$0.020    76.0%       7.7%    8.0%       15.85%    8.0%       92.0%
             
     Target    80.0%       8.7%    10.0%       16.10%    10.0%       100.0%
             

0.8%

   $0.030    84.0%       9.7%    13.8%       16.35%    13.8%       111.5%
             

1.7%

   $0.060    88.0%       10.7%    17.5%       16.60%    17.5%       123.0%
             

2.2%

   $0.080    92.0%       11.7%    21.3%       16.85%    21.3%       134.5%
             

2.8%

   $0.100    96.0%       12.7%    25.0%       17.10%    25.0%       146.0%

Revenue Growth and R&D Reinvestment Rate components of the bonus pool may not exceed target unless EPS performance is equal to or greater than target. If actual results fall between the performance levels shown above, bonuses will be prorated accordingly. For sake of clarity, if the Company’s performance exceeds any of the targets for Revenue Growth and/or R&D Reinvestment Rate, but EPS does not exceed the threshold level of target EPS performance, no bonus will be payable.

BONUS POOL DIFFERENTIATION BY BUSINESS UNIT/FUNCTION

 

¿

Operating Income —The target bonus pool determined by EPS, Revenue Growth and R&D Reinvestment Rate performance may be modified for each business unit/function based on Operating Income results vs. budget. That is, a business unit that exceeds budget may receive a greater share of the total Company pool than a business unit that is below budget.

At the end of the year, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer may recommend adjustments to the bonus pool levels to the Organization and Compensation Committee (the “Committee”) after consideration of key operating results. When calculating corporate performance for purposes of this Plan, the Committee has the discretion to include or exclude any or all of the following items:

 

   

extraordinary, unusual or non-recurring items;

 

   

effects of accounting changes;

 

   

effects of financing activities;

 

   

expenses for restructuring or productivity initiatives;

 

   

other non-operating items;

 

   

spending for acquisitions;

 

   

effects of divestitures;

 

   

amortization of acquired intangible assets; and

 

   

any other items of significant income or expense which are determined to be appropriate adjustments.

 

 

11 MBP    Page -3-


 

INDIVIDUAL BONUS AWARD CALCULATION

Target bonus awards are expressed as a percentage of the participant’s eligible earnings for the Plan year (as determined by the Compensation department in its discretion). The target percentages vary by salary grade (see Attachment No. 1). A participant’s actual bonus award may vary above or below the targeted level based on the supervisor’s evaluation of his or her performance in relation to the predetermined MBOs. Except as may otherwise be approved by the Committee, each participant’s actual bonus award may be modified down to 0% or up to 150% of his or her target bonus amount. However, the total of all bonus awards given within each business unit must total no more than 100% of the total bonus pool dollars allocated to that business unit.

 

 

METHOD OF PAYMENT

Except as may otherwise be approved by the Committee, for participants who are subject to a Company executive stock ownership guideline, any bonus will be paid in cash up to a maximum amount equal to 100% of the participant’s bonus targets and the portion of the bonus attributable to performance over such targets is paid in restricted stock or restricted stock units with cliff vesting two years from the award effective date. Any payment in the form of restricted stock or restricted stock units will be issued under the Company’s 2008 Incentive Award Plan, as amended, restated, modified, supplemented or superseded. Upon a recipient’s normal retirement eligibility date (defined as the date on which the recipient has (i) attained age 55 and (ii) been employed by the Company for a minimum of 5 years) all of the restrictions imposed on the recipient’s restricted stock shall lapse or the recipient’s restricted stock units shall vest, as applicable.

For all other participants, any bonus will be paid in cash. Bonus awards are paid following the close of the Plan year after the review and authorization of bonuses by the Committee.

Bonuses will be paid within 30 days following management communication of the award, with cash bonuses paid through the participant’s normal payroll channel. In the event of a Change in Control (as defined in Attachment No. 2), bonuses will be paid within 30 days of the effective date of the Change in Control.

 

 

CHANGE IN CONTROL

If a Change in Control occurs after the close of the Plan year and Company performance supports bonus pool payment, participants will be paid a bonus based on performance in relation to the EPS, Revenue Growth and R&D Reinvestment Rate targets.

If the Change in Control occurs during the Plan year, participants will be paid a bonus prorated to the effective date of the Change in Control and EPS, Revenue Growth and R&D Reinvestment Rate performance will be deemed to be the greater of:

 

   

100% of the EPS, Revenue Growth and R&D Reinvestment Rate targets; or

 

   

the prorated actual year-to-date performance.

In either case, a participant’s actual bonus may vary above or below the targeted level according to the provisions outlined in “Individual Bonus Award Calculation” above. Participants must be employed by the Company or its successor on the effective date of the Change in Control in order to receive the prorated payment, unless their employment is terminated by reason of retirement, death or disability or if it is determined that any such participant is terminated without cause in connection with the Change in Control. For purposes of this Plan, “cause” shall be limited to only three types of events: the willful refusal to comply with a lawful, written

 

 

11 MBP    Page -4-


instruction of the Company’s Board of Directors so long as the instruction is consistent with the scope and responsibilities of the participant’s position prior to the Change in Control; dishonesty which results in a material financial loss to the Company (or to any of its affiliated companies) or material injury to its public reputation (or to the public reputation of any of its affiliated companies); or conviction of any felony involving an act of moral turpitude.

 

 

SECTION 409A

Any bonuses that become payable under this Plan to participants who are subject to U.S. federal income taxes are intended to be exempt from Section 409A of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (“Section 409A”), as short-term deferrals within the meaning of Treasury Regulation section 1.409A-1(b)(4), and this Plan shall be administered and construed consistent with this intent. For purposes of the foregoing, any bonus that becomes payable to such a participant shall be paid no later than the 15 th day of the third month following the end of the later of (i) the participant’s first taxable year in which the participant’s right to receive such bonus is no longer subject to a “substantial risk of forfeiture” (within the meaning of Section 409A) or (ii) the Company’s first taxable year in which the participant’s right to receive such bonus is no longer subject to a substantial risk of forfeiture.

 

 

GENERAL

Management reserves the right to define corporate performance and individual performance, to interpret the Plan document to make factual determinations under the Plan in its sole discretion, and to review, alter, amend, or terminate the Plan at any time subject to approval of the Committee. This Plan does not constitute a contract of employment and cannot be relied upon as such. Any questions regarding this Plan should be directed to the Human Resources department or the Vice President, Global Compensation and Benefits. This Plan document supersedes any previous document you may have received.

 

 

11 MBP    Page -5-


ATTACHMENT NO. 1

ALLERGAN

 

2011 MANAGEMENT BONUS PLAN

TARGET AWARDS

 

     US   Intl
Salary Grade / Title    Target Bonus   Target Bonus

7E

   15%   20%

8E

   20%   25%

9E

   25%   30%

10E

   30%   35%

11E

   40%   40%

12E

   40%   45%

13E

   45%   50%

14E

   55%  

EVP, General Counsel & Assistant Secretary

   55%  

EVP, Human Resources

   55%  

EVP, Global Technical Operations

   60%  

EVP, R&D, Chief Scientific Officer

   75%  

EVP, Finance & Business Development, CFO

   75%  

 

 

11 MBP    Page -6-


ATTACHMENT NO. 2

CHANGE IN CONTROL DEFINITION

“Change in Control” shall mean the following and shall be deemed to occur if any of the following events occur:

(a) Any “person,” as such term is used in Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) (a “Person”), who becomes the “beneficial owner,” as defined in Rule 13d-3 under the Exchange Act or any successor rule (a “Beneficial Owner”), directly or indirectly, of securities of Allergan, Inc., a Delaware corporation (“Allergan”) representing (i) 20% or more of the combined voting power of Allergan’s then outstanding voting securities, which acquisition is not approved in advance of the acquisition or within 30 days after the acquisition by a majority of the Incumbent Board (as hereinafter defined) or (ii) 33% or more of the combined voting power of Allergan’s then outstanding voting securities, without regard to whether such acquisition is approved by the Incumbent Board; or

(b) Individuals who, as of the date hereof, constitute the Board of Directors of Allergan (the “Incumbent Board”), cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of the Board of Directors, provided that any person becoming a director subsequent to the date hereof whose election, or nomination for election by Allergan’s stockholders, is approved by a vote of at least a majority of the directors then comprising the Incumbent Board (other than an election or nomination of an individual whose initial assumption of office is in connection with an actual or threatened election contest relating to the election of the directors of Allergan) shall be considered as though such person were a member of the Incumbent Board of Allergan; or

(c) The consummation of a merger, consolidation or reorganization involving Allergan, other than one which satisfies both of the following conditions:

(1) a merger, consolidation or reorganization which would result in the voting securities of Allergan outstanding immediately prior thereto continuing to represent (either by remaining outstanding or by being converted into voting securities of another entity) at least 55% of the combined voting power of the voting securities of Allergan or such other entity resulting from the merger, consolidation or reorganization (the “Surviving Corporation”) outstanding immediately after such merger, consolidation or reorganization and being held in substantially the same proportion as the ownership in Allergan’s voting securities immediately before such merger, consolidation or reorganization, and

(2) a merger, consolidation or reorganization in which no Person is or becomes the Beneficial Owner directly or indirectly, of securities of Allergan representing 20% or more of the combined voting power of Allergan’s then outstanding voting securities; or

(d) The stockholders of Allergan approve a plan of complete liquidation of Allergan or an agreement for the sale or other disposition by Allergan of all or substantially all of Allergan’s assets.

Notwithstanding the preceding provisions, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions is (1) an underwriter or underwriting syndicate that has acquired the ownership of any of Allergan’s then outstanding voting securities solely in connection with a public offering of Allergan’s securities, (2) Allergan or any subsidiary of Allergan or (3) an employee stock ownership plan or other employee benefit plan maintained by Allergan (or any of its affiliated companies) that is qualified under the provisions of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended. In addition, notwithstanding the preceding provisions, a Change in Control shall not be deemed to have occurred if the Person described in the preceding provisions becomes a Beneficial Owner of more than the permitted amount of outstanding securities as a result of the acquisition of voting securities by Allergan which, by reducing the number of voting securities outstanding, increases the proportional number of shares beneficially owned by such Person, provided, that if a Change in Control would occur but for the operation of this sentence and such Person becomes the Beneficial Owner of any additional voting securities (other than through the grant or issuance of securities pursuant to an award (e.g., stock option grant, restricted stock award, restricted stock unit award) granted by the Company, or through a stock dividend or stock split), then a Change in Control shall occur.

 

 

11 MBP    Page -7-

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

EXHIBIT 10.55

COLLABORATION AGREEMENT

BY AND AMONG

MAP PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.,

ALLERGAN SALES, LLC,

ALLERGAN USA, INC.

AND

ALLERGAN, INC.

January 28, 2011


TABLE OF CONTENTS

Page

1.  

D EFINITIONS

     1   
2.  

L ICENSE G RANT

     13   
  2.1   

License Grant to ALLERGAN

     13   
  2.2   

Sublicense Rights

     13   
  2.3   

Certain Restrictions

     13   
  2.4   

Canada Option.

     14   
  2.5   

No Implied Rights or Licenses

     14   
  2.6   

Sublicensed Rights

     14   
3.  

G OVERNANCE

     14   
  3.1   

Committees Generally

     14   
  3.2   

Joint Steering Committee

     15   
  3.3   

Alliance Managers

     16   
  3.4   

Product Development Committee

     17   
  3.5   

Joint Commercialization Committee

     19   
4.  

D EVELOPMENT

     20   
  4.1   

Development Responsibilities

     20   
  4.2   

Development Plans

     21   
  4.3   

Subcontracting Permitted

     21   
  4.4   

Clinical Data

     22   
  4.5   

Costs

     22   
  4.6   

Efforts

     22   
5.  

R EGULATORY M ATTERS

     22   
  5.1   

Preparation and Ownership of Regulatory Materials

     22   
  5.2   

Notice of Communication with Regulatory Authorities

     22   
  5.3   

Pharmacovigilance and Safety Monitoring Activities

     23   
  5.4   

Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (“REMS”)

     24   
  5.5   

Costs

     24   
  5.6   

Product Recall

     24   
6.  

C OMMERCIALIZATION

     24   
  6.1   

Commercialization

     24   

 

i

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


  6.2   

Commercialization Plans.

     25   
  6.3   

Sales Force Efforts

     26   
  6.4   

PDE Expense Cap

     27   
  6.5   

MAP Sales Force

     27   
  6.6   

Packaging; Promotional Materials

     27   
  6.7   

Costs

     27   
  6.8   

Efforts

     28   
  6.9   

Commercialization of Other Products

     28   
7.  

M ANUFACTURING AND D ISTRIBUTION

     28   
  7.1   

General

     28   
  7.2   

Costs

     28   
8.  

P AYMENT O BLIGATIONS

     29   
  8.1   

Upfront Payment

     29   
  8.2   

Milestone Payments

     29   
  8.3   

Sharing of Distributable Profit and Loss

     29   
  8.4   

Accounting and Reporting of Net Sales and Shared Expenses

     30   
  8.5   

Process, Reports and Financial Reconciliation

     30   
  8.6   

Currency of Payment

     32   
  8.7   

Withholding

     33   
  8.8   

Initial Indication Costs and Expenses Prior to First Commercial Sale

     33   
  8.9    Additional Required Indication and Additional Collaboration Indication Development Cost and Expense Cap.      33   
9.  

R ECORD R ETENTION AND A UDITS

     33   
  9.1   

Record Retention

     33   
  9.2   

Audit Request

     33   
10.  

I NVENTIONS , K NOW - HOW AND P ATENTS

     34   
  10.1   

Existing Intellectual Property

     34   
  10.2   

Ownership of Inventions

     34   
  10.3   

Patent Prosecution and Maintenance

     35   
  10.4   

Patent Costs

     35   
  10.5   

Third Party Infringement Claims

     36   
  10.6   

Enforcement of MAP Patent Rights Against Third Parties

     36   
  10.7   

Notice of Third Party Infringement Litigation

     37   

 

ii

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


  10.8   

Further Actions

     37   
11.  

T RADEMARKS

     37   
12.  

R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES

     38   
  12.1   

The Parties’ Representations and Warranties

     38   
  12.2   

Representations and Warranties of ALLERGAN

     40   
  12.3   

Representations and Warranties of MAP

     40   
13.  

N ON -S OLICITATION OF E MPLOYEES

     41   
  13.1   

Non-Solicitation

     41   
14.  

M UTUAL I NDEMNIFICATION AND I NSURANCE

     41   
  14.1   

MAP’s Right to Indemnification

     41   
  14.2   

ALLERGAN’s Right to Indemnification

     42   
  14.3   

Process for Indemnification

     42   
  14.4   

Insurance

     43   
15.  

C ONFIDENTIALITY .

     44   
  15.1   

Confidentiality

     44   
  15.2   

Degree of Care; Permitted Use

     44   
  15.3   

Exceptions

     44   
  15.4   

Permitted Disclosures

     45   
  15.5   

Return of Confidential Information

     45   
  15.6   

Public Disclosure

     45   
16.  

T ERM AND T ERMINATION

     46   
  16.1   

Effective Date and Term

     46   
  16.2   

Termination by ALLERGAN

     46   
  16.3   

Termination by MAP

     46   
  16.4   

Termination for Material Breach

     46   
  16.5   

Challenge

     47   
  16.6   

Consequences of Termination

     47   
  16.7   

Surviving Obligations

     47   
  16.8   

Accrued Rights, Surviving Obligations

     48   
  16.9   

Rights in Bankruptcy

     48   
17.  

L IMITATION OF L IABILITY AND E XCLUSION OF D AMAGES ; D ISCLAIMER OF W ARRANTY

     48   
18.  

M ISCELLANEOUS

     49   

 

iii

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


  18.1   

Agency

     49   
  18.2   

Assignment

     49   
  18.3   

Further Actions

     49   
  18.4   

Force Majeure

     49   
  18.5   

Notices

     50   
  18.6   

Amendment

     50   
  18.7   

Waiver

     51   
  18.8   

Counterparts

     51   
  18.9   

Construction

     51   
  18.10   

Severability

     51   
  18.11   

Governing Law

     51   
  18.12   

Dispute Resolution; Exclusive Dispute Resolution Mechanism.

     51   
  18.13   

Compliance with Applicable Laws

     52   
  18.14   

Divestitures

     52   
  18.15   

Entire Agreement

     53   

 

EXHIBITS

  

EXHIBIT 1.7

   ALLERGAN Trademarks

EXHIBIT 1.29

   Co-Promotion Agreement

EXHIBIT 1.34

   Device

EXHIBIT 1.35

   Dihydroergotamine

EXHIBIT 1.63(a)

   MAP Patent Rights: [***]

EXHIBIT 1.63(b)

   MAP Patent Rights: [***]

EXHIBIT 1.63(c)

   MAP Patent Rights: [***]

EXHIBIT 1.67

   MAP Trademarks

EXHIBIT 1.96

   Press Release

EXHIBIT 1.113

   Shared Expenses

EXHIBIT 6.2(b)

   Signing Date TRx Forecast

EXHIBIT 8.3

   Example of Profit Share Calculation Under Section 8.3

 

iv

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 8.5

   Example of Net Sales Calculation

 

v

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


COLLABORATION AGREEMENT

This Collaboration Agreement (the “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into as of the 28 th day of January, 2011 (the “ Effective Date ”) by and among MAP Pharmaceuticals Inc. , a Delaware corporation having an address at 2400 Bayshore Parkway, Suite 200, Mountain View, California 94043 (“ MAP ”), Allergan USA, Inc. , a Delaware corporation (“ Allergan USA ”), Allergan Sales, LLC , a California limited liability corporation (“ Allergan Sales ”), and Allergan, Inc. , a Delaware corporation (collectively with Allergan USA and Allergan Sales, “ ALLERGAN ”), each having an address at 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California 92612. MAP and ALLERGAN are sometimes referred to herein individually as a “ Party ” and collectively as the “ Parties ”.

Recitals

Whereas , MAP is a biotechnology company engaged in the research, development and commercialization of products consisting of pharmaceutical compounds and devices for delivering such compounds;

Whereas , ALLERGAN is engaged in the business of manufacturing, marketing, promoting, selling and distributing pharmaceutical products;

Whereas, MAP is developing a product designated as LEVADEX™, a pharmaceutical product consisting of a proprietary formulation of dihydroergotamine delivered using MAP’s proprietary TEMPO ® delivery system;

Whereas , ALLERGAN and MAP desire to further develop and jointly commercialize LEVADEX in the United States (and to the extent set forth in this Agreement, Canada) to certain specialist physicians for the treatment of migraines; and

Whereas , MAP will be responsible, itself or through third party manufacturers, for the manufacture and supply of LEVADEX for such purposes.

Agreement

Now, therefore, in consideration of the mutual covenants contained in this Agreement, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties intending to be legally bound, agree as follows:

1.     D EFINITIONS .   As used herein, the following terms shall have the following meanings:

1.1      “ Additional Collaboration Indications ” means the Follow-On Indications for which the Parties mutually agree in writing that the costs and expenses thereof are Allowable Development Expenses pursuant to Section 4.1(b) of this Agreement.

 

1

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.2      “ Additional Required Indication ” means the treatment of migraine in adolescents twelve (12) to eighteen (18) years of age.

1.3      “ Affiliate ” means a corporation, partnership, trust or other entity that directly, or indirectly through one or more intermediates, controls, is controlled by or is under common control with a specified Party. For purpose of this definition, “control,” “controlled by” and “under common control with” shall mean the possession of the power to direct or cause the direction of the management and policies of an entity, whether through the ownership of voting equity, voting member or partnership interests, control of a majority of the board of directors or other similar body, by contract or otherwise. In the case of a corporation, the direct or indirect ownership of fifty percent (50%) or more of its outstanding voting shares or the ability otherwise to elect a majority of the board of directors or other managing authority of the entity shall in any event be presumptively deemed to confer control, it being understood that the direct or indirect ownership of a lesser percentage of such shares shall not necessarily preclude the existence of control.

1.4      “ ALLERGAN Estimated Shared Expenses ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4(a).

1.5      “ ALLERGAN Inventor ” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2.

1.6      “ ALLERGAN Shared Expenses Estimate Report ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4(a).

1.7      “ ALLERGAN Trademarks ” means the Trademarks set forth on Exhibit 1.7.

1.8      “ Alliance Manager ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.3(a).

1.9      “ Allowable Development Expenses ” means [***] expenses and the costs and expenses incurred by a Party or for its account [***] that are consistent with the approved Development Plan(s) and are specifically attributable to the Development of Product, including without limitation [***] and [***], including without limitation [***], in each case, to the extent [***].

1.10      “ Allowable Patent Expenses ” means [***], recorded as an expense in accordance with GAAP, and statutory fees incurred after the Effective Date in connection with the preparation, filing, prosecution, and maintenance (including the costs of ex parte or inter partes activities including patent interference, re-examination and opposition proceedings) of Patents and Patent Applications in the Territory included in MAP Patent Rights that cover Product or its manufacture or use in the Field; provided, that [***] shall be subject to appropriate documentation verifying the allocation of [***] on such activities. For purposes of clarification, [***].

1.11      “ Allowable Pre-Approval Manufacturing Expenses ” means all costs and expenses incurred prior to [***] associated with any [***], as set forth in Section 1.2 of Exhibit 1.113.

 

2

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.12      “ Allowable Regulatory Expenses ” means all costs and expenses [***], including FDA user and other fees, [***] recorded as an expense in accordance with GAAP, by or on behalf of a Party or any of its Affiliates during the Term and pursuant to this Agreement, that are specifically attributable to the preparation of regulatory submissions for, and the obtaining and maintenance of Regulatory Approval of, Product in the Field in the Territory, including without limitation compliance with requirements of such Regulatory Authorities, adverse event recordation and reporting, regulatory affairs activities, pharmacovigilance, post-approval safety monitoring, REMS programs and patient registries, in each case in the Territory, and in each case excluding [***].

1.13      “ Applicable Laws ” means all applicable statutes, ordinances, codes, executive or governmental orders, laws (including common law), rules, and regulations, including without limitation any rules, regulations, guidelines or other requirements of Regulatory Authorities, that may be in effect from time to time.

1.14      “ Business Day ” means a day other than Saturday, Sunday or any day on which commercial banks located in the State of California, U.S.A., are authorized or obligated by Applicable Laws to close.

1.15      “ Calendar Quarter ” means the respective periods of three (3) consecutive calendar months ending on March 31, June 30, September 30 and December 31; provided, however, that (a) the first Calendar Quarter of the Term or following First Commercial Sale of Product shall extend from the commencement of such period to the end of the first complete Calendar Quarter thereafter; and (b) the last Calendar Quarter of the Term shall end upon the expiration or termination of this Agreement.

1.16      “ Calendar Year ” means (a) for the first year of the Term, the period beginning on the Effective Date and ending on December 31, 2011, (b) for each year of the Term thereafter, each successive period beginning on January 1 and ending twelve (12) consecutive calendar months later on December 31, and (c) for the last year of the Term, the period beginning on January 1 of the year in which the Agreement expires or terminates and ending on the effective date of expiration or termination of this Agreement.

1.17      “ Canada ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4.

1.18      “ Canada Option ” has the meaning set forth in Section 2.4.

1.19      “ Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls ” or “ CMC ” means the part of pharmaceutical development that is directed to the manufacture of Device, DHE and Compound, the specifications therefor, and other process parameters which indicate that the manufacturing process is consistent and controlled.

1.20      “ Clinical Trials ” means Phase I Clinical Trials, Phase II Clinical Trials, Phase III Clinical Trials, Phase IV Clinical Trials, and/or variations of such trials (e.g., Phase II/III).

 

3

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.21      “ Commercialization ” means all activities undertaken relating to the marketing and/or offering for sale of Product to physicians and their patients, including without limitation advertising, education, planning, marketing, promotion, market and product support and sales representative Detailing. Commercialization does not include the right to book sales of or sell Product. “ Commercialize ” shall have a corresponding meaning.

1.22      “ Commercialization Plan ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.2(a).

1.23      “ Commercially Reasonable Efforts ” means, with respect to the Development, Manufacture and/or Commercialization of Product and any other activities conducted under the Agreement with respect to Product, the level of efforts and resources (including without limitation the promptness with which such efforts and resources would be applied) commonly used in the pharmaceutical industry by a company of similar size and experience, or by the respective Party with respect to a product of similar commercial potential at a similar stage in its development or product life. If a Party has other products in its portfolio for the same indication as Product, then Commercially Reasonable Efforts shall require the relevant Party to apply efforts to Product no less favorable in the aggregate than what it applies to any other product for the same indication as Product.

1.24      “ Competing Product ” means any pharmaceutical product (other than Product) that is used to treat acute migraine; provided, that in no event shall [***] be considered a Competing Product .

1.25      “ Compound ” means the mesylate salt form of dihydroergotamine in a formulation for delivery by Inhalation.

1.26      “ Confidential Disclosure Agreement ” has the meaning set forth in Section 15.1.

1.27      “ Confidential Information ” has the meaning set forth in Section 15.1.

1.28      “ Control ” means, with respect to any item of Information, Patent, know-how or other intellectual property right, the right to grant a license or sublicense with respect thereto as provided for in this Agreement, without violating the terms of any agreement or other arrangement with, or any legal rights of, or without requiring the consent of or payment to, any Third Party.

1.29      “ Co-Promotion Agreement ” means the Co-Promotion Agreement, in the form attached hereto as Exhibit 1.29, entered into by the Parties as of the date of this Agreement.

1.30      “ Current Good Manufacturing Practices ” or “ cGMP ” means the regulations set forth in 21 C.F.R. Parts 210–211, 820, and 21 C.F.R. Subchapter C (Drugs), Quality System Regulations and the requirements thereunder imposed by the FDA, and, as applicable, any similar or equivalent regulations and requirements in jurisdictions outside the United States.

 

4

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.31      “ Detail ” means a presentation for Product by a sales representative during a face-to-face meeting with a Physician Target in an individual or group practice setting (not including dinner meetings, medical conventions, medical education meetings, sample drops or incidental contacts) in which the FDA-approved indicated uses, safety, effectiveness, contraindications, side effects, warnings, and other relevant characteristics of Product are described in a fair and balanced manner consistent with the requirements of Applicable Laws and the requirements of the United States Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended, including, but not limited to, the regulations of 21 C.F.R. § 202, in an effort to increase the number of Physician Targets prescribing Product, and/or the number of prescriptions for Product. “ Detailing ” shall have a corresponding meaning.

1.32      “ Development ” means all activities relating to obtaining Regulatory Approval of Product, or assisting in broadening the label for Product or the ability to market Product, including, for example, preclinical testing, toxicology, formulation, Clinical Trials, and regulatory affairs, as well as any and all such activities conducted following Regulatory Approval, including, but not limited to, Clinical Trials to explore Follow-On Indications. “ Develop ” shall have a corresponding meaning.

1.33      “ Development Plan ” has the meaning set forth in Section 4.2(a).

1.34      “ Device ” means MAP’s proprietary TEMPO pressurized metered dose inhaler. The current embodiment of the Device is described on Exhibit 1.34. Unless otherwise noted, the use of the term “Device” in this Agreement is not intended to indicate thereby the definition of “device” in the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended.

1.35      “ Dihydroergotamine ” or “ DHE ” means the molecule set forth on Exhibit 1.35.

1.36      “ Distributable Loss ” and “ Distributable Profit ” means the amount equal to (i) Net Sales of Product (if any) during the applicable reporting period, less (ii) Shared Expenses incurred during the applicable reporting period. There shall be a Distributable Loss in a reporting period if subtracting the amount in (ii) from the amount of (i) results in a negative number, and a Distributable Profit if subtracting the amount in (ii) from the amount of (i) equals zero (0) or results in a positive number.

1.37      “ Distributable Loss Report ” and “ Distributable Profit Report ” have the meanings set forth in Section 8.5.

1.38      “ Dollar ” means a U.S. dollar, and “ $ ” shall be interpreted accordingly.

1.39      “ Effective Date ” has the meaning set forth in Section 16.2.

1.40      “ Executives ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.2(c).

1.41      “ FDA ” means the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, or any successor thereto, having the administrative authority to regulate the marketing of human pharmaceutical products or biological therapeutic products, delivery systems and devices in the United States.

 

5

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.42      “ Field ” means the [***].

1.43      “ First Commercial Sale ” means the first arm’s length commercial sale of Product to a Third Party who is not a Sublicensee (including without limitation any final sale to a distributor or wholesaler under any non-conditional sale arrangement).

1.44      “ Follow-On Indication(s) ” means additional indications for Product other than the Initial Indication. For clarity, Follow-On Indications include, without limitation, the Additional Required Indication and the Additional Collaboration Indications.

1.45      “ FTE ” means the equivalent of an employee or agent of MAP or ALLERGAN working one thousand eight hundred and forty (1,840) labor hours per year on Manufacturing, Commercialization or Development of Product.

1.46      “ FTE Costs ” means, for each non-Sales Force FTE undertaking particular activities under this Agreement, equal to: (i) the FTE Rate for the relevant employee or agent performing activities under this Agreement, multiplied by (ii) a number representing the portion of an FTE provided by such employee or agent that is directly allocable to the activities undertaken pursuant to this Agreement (e.g., 0.5 for an employee or agent providing 50% of an FTE to activities under this Agreement).

1.47      “ FTE Rate ” means, [***]

1.48      “ GAAP ” means U.S. generally accepted accounting principles consistently applied.

1.49      “ IND ” means any Investigational New Drug application, as defined in the applicable regulations promulgated by the FDA, filed with the FDA pursuant to Part 312 of Title 21 of the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations, including any amendments thereto.

1.50      “ Information ” means ideas, Inventions, discoveries, concepts, formulas, practices, procedures, processes, methods, knowledge, know-how, trade secrets, technology, designs, drawings, computer programs, skill, experience, documents, apparatus, results, clinical and regulatory strategies, data (including without limitation pharmacological, toxicological and clinical data, analytical and quality control data, manufacturing data and descriptions, Patent and legal data, market data, financial data or descriptions), devices, assays, chemical formulations, specifications, compositions of matter, product samples and other samples, physical, chemical and biological materials and compounds, and the like, in written, electronic or other form, now known or hereafter developed, whether or not patentable, and all improvements thereto.

1.51      “ Inhalation ” means the delivery of an active pharmaceutical ingredient by oral inhalation for systemic absorption via the lung.

1.52      “ Initial Indication ” means treatment of acute migraine with or without aura in adults (humans who are eighteen (18) years or older) or such other initial indication for Product, as is first approved by the FDA.

 

6

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.53      “ Initial Indication Approval ” means Regulatory Approval by the FDA for the Initial Indication of Product for use in the Field in the Territory.

1.54      “ Invention ” means inventions as determined in accordance with U.S. patent law and arising in the course of the Parties’ performance under the Agreement that employees, Sublicensees, Affiliates, independent contractors, or agents of one Party or both Parties solely or jointly make, conceive, reduce to practice or otherwise discover.

1.55      “ Joint Commercialization Committee ” or “ JCC ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.4.

1.56      “ Joint Steering Committee ” or “ JSC ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

1.57      “ Manufacture ” or “ Manufacturing ” means the synthesis, manufacturing, processing, formulating, packaging, labeling, holding and quality control testing of DHE, Compound, Device and Product.

1.58      “ MAP Estimated Shared Expenses ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4(a).

1.59      “ MAP Inventions ” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.2.

1.60      “ MAP Know-How ” means all Information that is (a) Controlled by MAP as of the Effective Date or at any time during the Term that is not generally known and not readily ascertainable by proper means, even though parts thereof may be known, and (b) necessary or useful to develop, make, use, sell, offer for sale, import or export Product for use in the Field in the Territory. For the avoidance of doubt, Information that is publicly disclosed by MAP or becomes generally known through no fault of ALLERGAN or breach of this Agreement shall no longer be included as part of MAP Know-How.

1.61      “ MAP Licensed Intellectual Property ” shall mean the MAP Patent Rights and MAP Know-How, licensed by MAP to ALLERGAN under Section 2.1, and MAP Trademarks, licensed by MAP to ALLERGAN under Section 11.2.

1.62      “ MAP Operating Loss ” and “ MAP Operating Profit ” means the amount equal to (i) Net Sales (if any) during the applicable reporting period, less (ii) MAP Shared Expenses incurred during the applicable reporting period. There shall be a MAP Operating Loss in a reporting period if subtracting the amount in (ii) from the amount of (i) results in a negative number, and a MAP Operating Profit if subtracting the amount in (ii) from the amount of (i) equals zero (0) or results in a positive number.

1.63      “ MAP Patent Rights ” means any rights granted by any governmental authority under any Patent and/or Patent Application Controlled by MAP as of the Effective Date or at any time during the Term that claims an invention related to Product or the manufacture, use, sale, offering for sale, import or export of Product. MAP Patent Rights include [***].

 

7

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.64      “ MAP PCP Detail ” means [***] targeting PCPs in the Field in the Territory: [***].

1.65      “ MAP Sales Force ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.4(b).

1.66      “ MAP Shared Expenses Estimate Report ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.4(a).

1.67      “ MAP Trademarks ” means the Trademarks set forth on Exhibit 1.67.

1.68      “ Member ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

1.69      “ Member Designee ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.1.

1.70      “ Nektar License ” means the Restated and Amended License Agreement entered into by MAP and Nektar Therapeutics UK Limited dated August 7, 2006, as amended.

1.71      “ Nektar Mark ” means any trademark, trade name, brand name or logo of Nektar Therapeutics UK Limited as set forth in Sections 5 and 13.1 of the Nektar License.

1.72      “ Net Payment ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5(d).

1.73      “ Net Sales ” means, with respect to any applicable measurement period, the amount determined in accordance with the following calculation:

[***]

Where:

A = [***];

B = [***];

C = [***];

D = [***]

 

  TMS  =

the amount invoiced by MAP or its Affiliate [***] to unaffiliated Third Parties, less the following deductions or allowances to the extent actually taken, granted, or incurred by the selling entity: (a) normal and customary trade and/or quantity discounts actually allowed or taken, chargebacks, Medicaid/Medicare rebates (other than as described in (d) below), and allowances actually taken; (b) sales, use, value added and excise taxes, import and customs duties, tariffs, and any other similar taxes, duties, tariffs, or other governmental charges to the extent included in the amount invoiced and not otherwise reported as a Shared Expense; (c) freight, insurance, packaging costs, and other transportation charges to the extent included in the amount invoiced and not otherwise reported as a Shared Expense; (d) amounts repaid or credits taken by reason of

 

8

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


rejections, outdating, defects, or returns or because of retroactive price reductions or due to recalls or government laws or regulations requiring rebate; and (e) any other items that reduce gross sales amounts as required by GAAP applied on a consistent basis. “TMS” shall exclude any amount for Product furnished to a Third Party for which payment is not intended to be received, including but not limited to Product used in Clinical Trials and Product distributed as promotional and free goods, in reasonable quantities. TMS will be determined in accordance with GAAP applied on a consistent basis. Sales between or among a Party or its Affiliates shall be excluded from the computation of TMS, but the subsequent final sales to Third Parties by such Affiliates shall be included in the computation of TMS.

For purposes of calculating Net Sales, [***] included in A , B , C and D shall be as [***].

1.74      “ Net Sales Estimate Report ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5.

1.75      “ New Drug Application ” or “ NDA ” means (a) the single application or set of applications for Product and/or pre-market approval to make and sell commercially Product filed with the FDA, and (b) any related registrations with, or notifications to, the FDA.

1.76      “ Other Physicians ” means Physicians who are not Physician Targets or PCPs.

1.77      “ Party ” or “ Parties ” has the meaning set forth in the preamble of this Agreement.

1.78      “ Patent ” means (a) letters patent (or other equivalent legal instrument), including without limitation utility and design patents, and including any term adjustment, extension, substitution, registration, confirmation, reissue, re-examination, or renewal thereof and (b) all equivalents and foreign counterparts of any of the foregoing.

1.79      “ Patent Application ” means an application for a Patent, including without limitation any provisional application, reissue application, re-examination application, continuation application, continued prosecution application, continuation-in-part application, or a divisional application, and any equivalent thereof.

1.80      “ Patent Litigation Expenses ” has the meaning set forth in Section 10.6.

1.81      “ Payment Adjustment ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5(c).

1.82      PCPs ” or “ Primary Care Physicians ” means Physicians as defined by [***].

1.83      “ PCP Net Sales ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.3(b).

1.84      “ PCP Net Sales Period ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.3(b).

 

9

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.85      “ PDE ” means a primary Detail equivalent where (a) a Primary Detail for Product has a value of [***] primary Detail equivalent and (b) a Secondary Detail for Product has a value of [***] primary Detail equivalents; provided, however, that, [***].

1.86      “ PDE Costs ” means, for each PDE, an amount calculated by the product of PDE multiplied by the PDE Rate.

1.87      “ PDE Rate ” means [***] per PDE [***].

1.88      “ PDUFA Date ” means the date as set by the FDA for response to the NDA pursuant to the Prescription Drug User Fee Act of 1992, as amended.

1.89      “ Phase I Clinical Trial ” means any clinical study conducted on sufficient numbers of human subjects to establish that a pharmaceutical product is reasonably safe for continued testing and to support its continued testing in Phase II Clinical Trials. Phase I Clinical Trial shall include without limitation any clinical trial that would or does satisfy requirements of 21 C.F.R. § 312.21(a), whether or not it is designated a Phase I Clinical Trial.

1.90      “ Phase II Clinical Trial ” means any clinical study conducted on sufficient numbers of human subjects that have the targeted disease of interest to investigate the safety and efficacy of a pharmaceutical product for its intended use and to define warnings, precautions, and adverse reactions that may be associated with such pharmaceutical product in the dosage range to be prescribed. Phase II Clinical Trial shall include without limitation any clinical trial that would or does satisfy requirements of 21 C.F.R. § 312.21(b), whether or not it is designated a Phase II Clinical Trial.

1.91      “ Phase III Clinical Trial ” means any clinical study intended as a pivotal study for purposes of seeking Regulatory Approval that is conducted on sufficient numbers of human subjects to establish that a pharmaceutical product is safe and efficacious for its intended use, to define warnings, precautions, and adverse reactions that are associated with such pharmaceutical product in the dosage range to be prescribed, and to support Regulatory Approval of such pharmaceutical product or label expansion of such pharmaceutical product. “Phase III Clinical Trial” shall include without limitation any clinical trial that would or does satisfy requirements of 21 C.F.R. § 312.21(c), whether or not it is designated a Phase III Clinical Trial.

1.92      “ Phase IV Clinical Trial ” means clinical study of a pharmaceutical product on human subjects commenced after receipt of Regulatory Approval of such pharmaceutical product for the purpose of satisfying a condition imposed by a Regulatory Authority to obtain Regulatory Approval, or to support the marketing of such pharmaceutical product, and not for the purpose of obtaining initial Regulatory Approval of a pharmaceutical product.

1.93      “ Physician(s) ” means any individual qualified and authorized by law to practice medicine in a state, province, possession, protectorate or territory in the Territory.

1.94      “ Physician Targets ” means Physicians [***].

 

10

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.95      Plan ” means Development Plan or Commercialization Plan, as applicable.

1.96      “ Press Release ” means the press release set forth on Exhibit 1.96.

1.97      “ Primary Detail ” means, with respect to a product, a detail (and with respect to Product, a Detail) made to healthcare professionals employed by or practicing at a given healthcare facility, in which a sales representative provides such information with respect to such product before detailing another product.

1.98      “ Prior Quarter ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5.

1.99      “ Product ” means a product that is a combination of (a) the Compound, and (b) the Device. For clarity, Product excludes a Device sold alone or for use with an active ingredient that is not the Compound.

1.100      “ Product Development Committee ” or “ PDC ” has the meaning set forth in Section 3.3.

1.101      “ Product Launch Period ” means the period beginning on the date of the first shipment of Product to a wholesaler in the Territory and ending on December 31 st of the following full Calendar Year.

1.102      “ Product Specifications ” means the FDA-approved specifications for Product.

1.103      “ Promotional Materials ” means all written, printed, electronic and graphic materials intended for use in Detailing Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Territory, including, but not limited to, visual aids, sales training materials, advertising, direct to consumer advertising, direct to physician promotional materials, Product marketing brochures, internet materials, medical and scientific publications, file cards, premium items, clinical study reports, reprints, drug information updates, and any other promotional support items and all product labels and inserts to be used by the Parties.

1.104      “ Promotional, Sales, Marketing, and Medical Affairs Expenses ” or “ PSMM Expenses ” has the meaning as set forth in Exhibit 1.113.

1.105      “ Quality Systems Regulations ” means current quality systems regulations for medical products, as promulgated by the FDA, and the requirements thereunder imposed by the FDA, or any more stringent standards required by Applicable Laws, including without limitation the regulations set forth in 21 C.F.R. Part 820 and equivalent Canadian Applicable Laws.

1.106      “ Recently Ended Quarter ” has the meaning set forth in Section 8.5.

1.107      “ Regulatory Approval ” means, with respect to a country or region in the Territory, those approvals, licenses, registrations or authorizations of, by or with a Regulatory

 

11

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Authority necessary to commercially distribute, sell or market a product in such country, including, where applicable, (a) pricing or reimbursement approval in such country, (b) pre- and post-approval marketing authorizations (including any prerequisite Manufacturing approval or authorization related thereto), (c) labeling approval and (d) technical, medical and scientific licenses necessary for commercial distribution, sale or marketing of such product in such country.

1.108      “ Regulatory Authority ” means any applicable supra-national, federal, national, regional, state, provincial, or local regulatory agencies, departments, bureaus, commissions, councils, or other government entities, including without limitation the FDA, regulating or otherwise exercising authority with respect to the Commercialization of Product in the Field in the Territory.

1.109      “ Regulatory Materials ” means any and all regulatory submissions, applications (including but not limited to the NDA), regulatory reports, safety reports, registrations, filings, approvals and associated Drug Master File(s), label(s), labeling, package insert(s) and packaging and associated correspondence required to develop, manufacture, market, sell and import Product in, or into, the Field in the Territory.

1.110      “ Sales Force ” means each Party’s respective sales personnel Detailing to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Territory that are qualified to do so pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement.

1.111      “ Sales Force Management Team ” has the meaning set forth in Section 6.5(a).

1.112      “ Secondary Detail ” means, with respect to a product, a detail (and with respect to Product, a Detail) made to healthcare professionals employed by or practicing at a given healthcare facility, in which a sales representative provides such information with respect to such product after detailing another product.

1.113      “ Shared Expenses ” means the costs and expenses expressly set forth on Exhibit 1.113.

1.114      “ sNDA ” means a supplemental New Drug Application for Product filed by MAP with the FDA, and (b) any related registrations with or notifications to the FDA.

1.115      “ Sublicensee ” means any person or entity to which either MAP grants a license or sublicense under the MAP Know-How or MAP Patents in the Field and in the Territory (other than ALLERGAN) or ALLERGAN grants a sublicense under the license granted to ALLERGAN pursuant to this Agreement.

1.116      “ Territory ” means the United States and, if ALLERGAN exercises the Canada Option or the Parties otherwise mutually agree in writing that Canada shall be included in the Territory, Canada.

 

12

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


1.117      “ Third Party ” means any person or entity other than ALLERGAN, MAP, or an Affiliate of either of them.

1.118      “ Trademark ” means any word, name, symbol, color, designation or device or any combination thereof, whether registered or unregistered, that is used (or intended to be used) in commerce to identify and distinguish one’s goods or services from those manufactured or sold by others and to indicate the source of the goods or services, even if that source is unknown, including, without limitation, any trademark, trade dress, service mark, service name, brand mark, trade name, brand name, logo, business symbol, or domain name.

2.     L ICENSE G RANT .

2.1     License Grant to ALLERGAN.   MAP hereby grants to ALLERGAN a co-exclusive (with MAP) license, with the right to grant sublicenses in accordance with Section 2.2, under the MAP Know-How and MAP Patent Rights, to Commercialize Product solely to Physician Targets solely for use in the Field in the Territory subject to and in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement. For the avoidance of doubt, MAP shall have the exclusive right to Commercialize Product to Physicians that are not Physician Targets in the Territory. MAP and ALLERGAN shall only exercise their co-exclusive Commercialization rights in accordance with the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement.

2.2     Sublicense Rights.    ALLERGAN’s right to grant sublicenses under the license granted to it under Section 2.1 is subject to the prior written approval of MAP, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed by MAP. Additionally, ALLERGAN shall require ALLERGAN’s permitted Sublicensees to agree in writing to be bound by all of the applicable terms and conditions of this Agreement. ALLERGAN’s grant of any sublicense shall not relieve ALLERGAN from any of ALLERGAN’s obligations under this Agreement, and ALLERGAN shall remain jointly and severally liable for any uncured breach of a sublicense by a Sublicensee of ALLERGAN to the extent that such uncured breach would constitute a breach of this Agreement.

2.3     Certain Restrictions.    ALLERGAN agrees that (a) neither it, nor any of its Affiliates, shall offer to sell or otherwise provide Product to any Third Party if ALLERGAN or its relevant Affiliates, knows, or has reason to believe, that Product offered for sale, sold or provided to such Third Party would be sold or transferred: (i) outside the Territory; or (ii) for use outside the Field; and (b) it shall not use or practice under any intellectual property right licensed to it under this Agreement except as expressly permitted by this Agreement. ALLERGAN agrees that it will include a provision in any contracts with its Sublicensees obligating such party to refrain from such actions described in Section 2.3(a) and (b). MAP agrees that, in the event that ALLERGAN is not granted rights in Canada pursuant to Section 2.4, it will not offer to sell or otherwise provide Product to any Third Party in Canada if MAP knows, or has reason to believe, that Product offered for sale, sold or provided to such Third Party would be sold or transferred into the United States.

 

13

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


2.4     Canada Option.

(a)     At anytime [***] after the Effective Date, ALLERGAN or its designated Affiliate, shall upon written notice to MAP, have the right to exercise an option (the “ Canada Option ”), subject to the terms and conditions of this Agreement, relating to the respective roles and responsibilities of the Parties, to Commercialize Product to Physician Targets in the Field in Canada, its provinces, possessions, protectorates and territories (“ Canada ”).

(b)     Upon the exercise of the Canada Option, Canada shall be deemed to be included in the Territory.

(c)     If ALLERGAN fails to exercise the Canada Option within the period specified in Section 2.4(a), ALLERGAN shall for an additional [***] period thereafter (the “Canada Negotiation Period” ) have a right of first negotiation for, on terms mutually agreed upon among the Parties, a license, with the right to grant sublicenses in accordance with Section 2.2, under the MAP Know-How and MAP Patent Rights to Commercialize Product in Canada solely in the Field. The right of first negotiation granted hereunder shall be exercisable by ALLERGAN, or its designated Affiliate, upon written notice to MAP and the Parties will use good faith efforts to reach agreement during the Canada Negotiation Period. In the event that the Parties do not reach agreement during the Canada Negotiation Period, then MAP shall be free to pursue Commercialization of Product in the Field in Canada.

2.5     No Implied Rights or Licenses.    MAP grants no additional rights or licenses in or to any Patent or other intellectual property right, whether by implication, estoppel or otherwise, except to the extent expressly provided for under this Agreement.

2.6     Sublicensed Rights.    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, the rights and licenses granted to ALLERGAN pursuant to this Agreement under MAP Know-How and MAP Patent Rights that are licensed to MAP pursuant to the Nektar License shall be subject to the terms and conditions of the Nektar License.

3.     G OVERNANCE .

3.1     Committees Generally.    The Parties shall form the committees described in this Article 3 to oversee, coordinate and review recommendations and approve decisions for the Development, Regulatory Approval, Manufacture and Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Territory. Each such committee shall be comprised of four (4) voting members (each, a “ Member ”). Each Party shall have the right to appoint two (2) Members (each, a “ Member Designee ”) to serve on the each committee. Each Member Designee of the JSC shall be a member of management of the appointing Party. The Member Designees of all other committees must be employees of the appointing Party. The following shall apply to each committee and its members:

(a)     Each Party may replace its Member Designees at any time upon written notice to the other Party;

 

14

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(b)     Each committee shall meet at least once every quarter at times mutually agreed upon by the Parties, or more frequently as the Parties deem appropriate. At least two (2) such meetings per Calendar Year must be held in person, and all other such meetings may be held by teleconference or videoconference. The location of the meetings to be held in person shall alternate between sites designated by each Party;

(c)     The presence of at least one (1) MAP Member Designee and one (1) ALLERGAN Member Designee shall be required to constitute a quorum at any meeting of a committee. No business shall be transacted at any meeting of a committee unless a quorum of the members of such committee is present at the time when the meeting proceeds to business;

(d)     In addition to its Member Designees, the Parties shall have the right to invite observers to each meeting of a committee. For meetings of the JSC, a Party must provide the other Party with advance written notice of such observers. Such observers shall not have any voting rights and shall be bound by written obligations of confidentiality and non-use, either by virtue of his or her employment by such Party or by a separate written agreement; and

(e)     Each Party shall be responsible for all travel and related costs and expenses for its Member Designees and other representatives to attend meetings of, and otherwise participate on any committee, and such costs and expenses will not be included in Shared Expenses.

3.2     Joint Steering Committee.

(a)     Formation; Purpose.    Within thirty (30) days of the Effective Date, the Parties will establish a Joint Steering Committee (the “ Joint Steering Committee ” or JSC ”), which (i) shall oversee, coordinate and review recommendations and approve decisions for the Development, Regulatory Approval, Manufacture and Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Territory. The JSC shall coordinate the co-promotion of Product by the Parties and all budgets for such activities in the Field in the Territory. Within ten (10) Business Days of the Effective Date, each of MAP and ALLERGAN shall designate an individual who shall initially serve as a co-chair for the JSC. The JSC shall have the authority to set up joint teams, committees and subcommittees as necessary to Commercialize Product.

(b)     Responsibilities .    The JSC shall have the following responsibilities :

(i)     Review and approve Development Plans for the Initial Indication following submission of the initial New Drug Application for such Initial Indication, the Additional Required Indication and Additional Collaboration Indications in the Field in the Territory;

(ii)     Review Regulatory Materials, including those materials for the Initial Indication, the Additional Required Indication and Additional Collaboration Indications;

(iii)     Review and agree on Manufacturing plans, including [***];

 

15

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(iv)     Review and approve annual Commercialization Plans for Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory;

(v)     Establish a process for the review and approval by the Parties of Promotional Materials for Product for Detailing to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Territory;

(vi)     Establish, review and approve budget for Shared Expenses in the Field in the Territory in accordance with the terms of this Agreement;

(vii)     Establish, on an annual basis no later than July 1, a two (2) year forecast, containing a projection of annual Product unit sales and associated annual PSMM Expenses reflecting Commercially Reasonable Efforts of the Parties in Commercializing Product (“ Annual Forecast And Budget ”), which shall be in a format determined by the JSC or mutually agreed by the Parties;

(viii)     Approve recommendations and resolve disputes of the other committees and any subcommittees; and

(ix)     Provide a forum for the Parties to exchange information and coordinate their respective activities with respect to matters pertaining to Product for Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory.

(c)     Decision-Making.    ALLERGAN and MAP will charter the JSC, PDC, JCC and any subcommittees with the belief that vigorous interaction and cooperation between the Parties are necessary for the success of Product Development, Manufacturing and Commercialization to Physician Targets. The JSC may make decisions with respect to any subject matter that is subject to the JSC’s decision-making authority and functions. The JSC shall operate by unanimous consent of its Members, with MAP’s JSC Member Designees having, collectively, one vote and ALLERGAN’s JSC Member Designees having, collectively, one vote in all decisions. The JSC shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to make timely decisions and to resolve disputes. If the JSC is unable to resolve any dispute, controversy, or claim arising under this Agreement within [***] after it first addresses such matter (or such longer period as the Parties may mutually agree), then such dispute, controversy or claim shall be referred to the Chief Executive Officer of MAP and a member of the ALLERGAN Executive Committee ( “Executives” ). If a disagreement among Members of the JSC is still unresolved by the Executives [***] after referral to the Executives (or such longer period as the Parties may mutually agree), such disagreement shall be resolved by MAP in its sole and final discretion; provided, however, that notwithstanding the foregoing, in the event the Members of the JSC cannot mutually agree on the budget for the initial Commercialization Plan pursuant to Section 6.2(c) or any Annual Forecast And Budget, and such dispute cannot be resolved by the Executives, such dispute shall be resolved by [***].

3.3     Alliance Managers.

(a)     Each of the Parties shall appoint a single individual who possesses a general understanding of clinical, regulatory, manufacturing and marketing issues to act as that

 

16

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Party’s point of contact for day to day communications between the Parties relating to the activities conducted under this Agreement (each, an “ Alliance Manager ”). Each Party may change its designated Alliance Manager from time to time upon written notice to the other Party. Any Alliance Manager may designate a substitute to temporarily perform the functions of that Alliance Manager by written notice to the other Party.

(b)     Each Alliance Manager shall strive to create and maintain a collaborative work environment within and among the JSC, PDC, JCC and any subcommittees. Each Alliance Manager will also: (i) attempt to resolve, in the first instance, all matters of dispute arising in the JSC, PDC, JCC or any subcommittees; (ii) coordinate the relevant functional representatives of the Parties in developing and executing strategies and Plans for Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory; (iii) provide a single point of communication for seeking consensus both internally within the respective Parties’ organizations and between the Parties regarding key strategy and Plan issues; (iv) identify and bring disputes to the attention of the JSC in a timely manner; (v) plan and coordinate cooperative efforts and internal and external communications; (vi) track and report progress of the Parties against all Plans and activities; and (vii) ensure that governance activities, such as the conduct of required JSC, PDC, JCC and any subcommittee meetings, take place, including by taking meeting minutes and producing such minutes as set forth in this Agreement, and by following up on relevant action items resulting from such meetings to confirm that such activities are appropriately carried out or otherwise managed.

(c)     The Alliance Managers shall attend all subcommittee meetings and JSC, PDC and JCC meetings and support the co-chairpersons of the JSC, PDC and JCC and subcommittees in the discharge of their responsibilities. Alliance Managers shall be nonvoting participants in the JSC, PDC, JCC and subcommittee meetings, unless they are also appointed Members of the JSC, PDC, JCC or the subcommittee provided, however, that an Alliance Manager may bring any matter to the attention of the JSC or any subcommittee if such Alliance Manager reasonably believes that such matter warrants such attention.

(d)     The Alliance Managers shall jointly be responsible for working with the JSC and other committee Members to prepare and circulate an agenda in advance of each meeting of the JSC, PDC, JCC and subcommittee, and to prepare and issue initial drafts of minutes of each meeting within seven (7) Business Days thereafter. Meeting minutes will not be finalized until both Parties’ representatives on the JSC, PDC, JCC or subcommittee review and confirm the accuracy of such minutes in writing, which such representatives shall do and approve in writing within seven (7) Business Days of receiving such minutes for review and comment.

3.4     Product Development Committee .

(a)     Members; Officers.    The Parties will establish a Development committee for Product (the “ Product Development Committee ” or “ PDC ”). Each PDC Member shall have expertise in pharmaceutical drug development, regulatory matters, clinical studies and/or other expertise to the extent relevant. Any PDC Member Designee may designate a substitute Member Designee with due authority to temporarily attend and perform the functions of that

 

17

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Member Designee at any meeting of the PDC. The PDC shall be chaired by a representative of MAP. The secretary of the PDC shall be the MAP Alliance Manager.

(b)     Responsibilities .   The PDC shall perform the following functions:

(i)     Review and comment on the NDA for the Initial Indication;

(ii)     Develop, review and recommend updates to Development Plans each year;

(iii)     Oversee implementation of the Development Plans including managing the Development budget;

(iv)     At least quarterly, review the Development budget;

(v)     At each meeting of the PDC, review a comparison of actual Allowable Development Expenses and Allowable Regulatory Expenses to budgeted expenses in the Development Plan budget for the Calendar Year-to-date, with such information covering a time period ending as closely as practicable to the date of the meeting;

(vi)     Review and evaluate progress of the Development activities including CMC [***];

(vii)     Review the publication strategy in conjunction with the JCC;

(viii)     Approve Clinical Trial protocols, budgets and designs;

(ix)     Review and approve CRO’s and other Third Parties that will be utilized for Development activities;

(x)     Coordinate the allocation of responsibilities among the Parties with respect to Development of Product under the Development Plan; and

(xi)     Have such other responsibilities as may be assigned to the PDC pursuant to this Agreement or as may be mutually agreed upon by the Parties from time to time.

(c)     Decision-Making.   The PDC shall operate by unanimous consent of its Members, with MAP’s Member Designees having, collectively, one vote and ALLERGAN’s Member Designees having, collectively, one vote in all decisions. The PDC shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to make timely decisions and to resolve disputes. If the PDC is unable to resolve any dispute, controversy, or claim arising under this Agreement within a reasonable period after it first addresses such matter, then such dispute, controversy or claim shall be decided by the JSC.

 

18

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(d)     MAP agrees to provide periodic updates to the PDC regarding MAP’s separate development activities for Follow-On Indications unless MAP is expressly prohibited by contract or Applicable Law.

3.5     Joint Commercialization Committee .

(a)     Members; Officers.    The Parties shall establish a Commercialization committee for Product (the “ Joint Commercialization Committee ” or “ JCC ”). Each JCC member shall have expertise in marketing and sales of pharmaceutical products. Any member of the JCC may designate a substitute with due authority to temporarily attend and perform the functions of that member at any meeting of the JCC. The JCC shall be chaired by a representative of ALLERGAN. The secretary of the JCC shall be the ALLERGAN Alliance Manager.

(b)     Responsibilities.   The JCC shall perform the following functions:

(i)     Develop and subsequently review and make decisions relating to the Commercialization Plan including a budget for PSMM Expenses;

(ii)     Oversee implementation of the Commercialization Plan, throughout the Calendar Year, including managing the budget for PSMM Expenses;

(iii)     Discuss the markets for Product in the Territory and opportunities and issues concerning Commercialization of Product, including consideration of marketing and promotional strategy, marketing research plans, labelling, Product positioning and Product profile, including [***];

(iv)     Oversee and coordinate the sales efforts of the Parties;

(v)     Review and make decisions regarding post-Initial Indication Approval Development activities, taking into consideration the appropriateness of any Development activities including line extensions, Clinical Trials for purposes of new indications and Phase IV Clinical Trials in the context of the overall marketing and promotional strategy for Product;

(vi)     Review and direct all indigent care use of Product;

(vii)     Support the review of and approve Manufacturing, sales and prescription forecasts of Product;

(viii)     Review data and reports arising from and generated in connection with Commercialization of Product under the Commercialization Plan, market research studies, actual Product sales, Product prescription trends and Product sales forecasts;

(ix)     At each meeting of the JCC, review a comparison of actual sales and marketing expenses to the budgeted expenses in the relevant Commercialization

 

19

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Plan, with such information covering a time period ending as closely as practicable to the date of the meeting;

(x)     Review and approve the general guidelines applicable to Product Commercialization to be followed in the development of promotional materials and promotional activities to be used by the Parties in the co-promotion of Product;

(xi)     Lead the review and direct Product publication strategy, in consultation with the PDC;

(xii)     Following review and approval by the Parties’ internal promotional materials review committees, review and approve packaging and related materials, prior to any commercial use; and

(xiii)     Have such other responsibilities as may be assigned to the JCC pursuant to this Agreement or as may be mutually agreed upon by the Parties from time to time.

(c)     Decision-Making.    The JCC shall operate by unanimous consent of its Members, with MAP’s Member Designees having, collectively, one vote and ALLERGAN’s Member Designees having, collectively, one vote in all decisions. The JCC shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to make timely decisions and to resolve disputes. If the JCC is unable to resolve any dispute, controversy, or claim arising under this Agreement within a reasonable period after it first addresses such matter, then such dispute, controversy or claim shall be decided by the JSC.

(d)     MAP agrees to provide periodic updates to the JCC regarding MAP’s separate PCP marketing activities to the extent permitted and relevant to the Parties’ Product messaging activities under this Agreement.

4.     D EVELOPMENT .

4.1    Development Responsibilities .

(a)     Development Activities in the Territory.   MAP shall be responsible to Develop Product in the Territory in the Field and shall be responsible for conducting Clinical Trials for Product in the Territory in the Field and conducting Chemistry, Manufacturing and Controls activities for Product.

(b)     Additional Required Indication and Additional Collaboration Indications.   Subject to Section 8.9 and the last sentence of this Section 4.1(b), the Parties agree to Develop Product for the Additional Required Indication and one (1) Additional Collaboration Indication in the Territory and will enter into suitable Development Plans therefor by no later than [***] following the Effective Date. The Parties agree to cooperate in good faith to identify one (1) Additional Collaboration Indication in the Territory for which the costs and expenses thereof shall be Allowable Development Expenses, subject to the provisions of Section 8.9 and the last sentence of this Section 4.1(b). The Parties may agree, at their sole discretion and

 

20

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


without any obligation, to include other Follow-On Indications as Additional Collaboration Indications and the costs and expenses for such Additional Collaboration Indications shall be Allowable Development Expenses. Commencing on the date of the First Commercial Sale, but not before, MAP may enroll patients in a Clinical Trial for Product for [***]. Unless the Parties otherwise agree, Development of Product for each Additional Collaboration Indication shall be [***] such that enrollment of patients in a Clinical Trial for Product for [***], and enrollment of patients in a Clinical Trial for Product for any further Additional Collaboration Indications [***] for the [***].

(c)     Follow-On Indications .     Following the date of the First Commercial Sale, but not before, MAP shall be free to Develop Product for any Follow-On Indication(s) other than the Additional Required Indication and the Additional Collaboration Indications in the Territory at its sole cost and discretion; provided , that MAP has presented such Follow-On Indication to ALLERGAN in writing to be considered as a potential Additional Collaboration Indication and ALLERGAN has confirmed in writing that such Follow-On Indication shall not be deemed an Additional Collaboration Indication, provided further , that, [***]. Subject to Section 4.1(b), any sales of Product in the Territory resulting from prescriptions written by Physician Targets in Territory for any Follow-On Indications shall be included in Net Sales. For clarity, nothing in this Agreement shall preclude MAP from developing Product for any Follow-On Indication for use outside the Territory.

4.2     Development Plans .

(a)     Development Plans.    The Development of Product for the Additional Required Indication and Additional Collaboration Indications and associated Allowable Development Expenses in the Field in the Territory shall be governed by this Agreement and by development plans (“ Development Plans ”). Development Plans together with updates thereto made pursuant to Section 4.2(b) below, shall be created and executed by the PDC. Each Development Plan shall include, without limitation, details of all preclinical studies, toxicology, pharmacology studies, formulation, process development, Clinical Trials, regulatory plans and other activities directed to obtaining Regulatory Approval of Product in the Field in the Territory and related timelines and budgets, as well as other activities necessary for Development of Product in the Field in the Territory.

(b)     Updates.   The Parties shall, on an annual basis, propose updates to the Development Plans for the following Calendar Year. Such updates may include Additional Collaboration Indications approved for Development in accordance with this Agreement. The Parties shall submit such updated Development Plans to the JSC for review and comment by May 1 and for final approval by September 1 of each Calendar Year, which updated Development Plans shall apply to the following Calendar Year. The JSC shall provide comments on each such updated Development Plan within [***] following its initial submission by the PDC and shall provide final approval of such updated Development Plan within [***] of its submission by the PDC for final approval.

4.3     Subcontracting Permitted.    ALLERGAN acknowledges and agrees that portions of the work to be performed by MAP under the Development Plans (including without

 

21

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


limitation Manufacture of Product) may be performed on behalf of MAP by Third Parties, provided that MAP shall be and remain responsible for the performance of its subcontractors. MAP shall keep the PDC informed of its selection of potential subcontractors and shall give the PDC an opportunity to review any material contracts and material costs and expenses that will be Shared Expenses and that may be incurred through its engaging subcontractors under this Agreement.

4.4     Clinical Data .   MAP will retain all right, title, and interest in, to, and under all Clinical Trial data generated under the Agreement.

4.5     Costs .   ALLERGAN shall reimburse MAP for fifty percent (50%) of Allowable Development Expenses incurred by MAP. Within 15 calendar days after the end of each Calendar Month, MAP shall invoice ALLERGAN for ALLERGAN’s portion of Allowable Development Expenses in arrears on a Calendar Month basis. MAP’s invoice shall be in a form reasonably specified by ALLERGAN and include a detailed accounting of the Allowable Development Expenses incurred by MAP during the relevant Calendar Month. Unless ALLERGAN disputes the invoiced amounts in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 8.5, ALLERGAN shall remit payment to MAP of the full invoice amount within [***] of receipt thereof.

4.6     Efforts .   The Parties shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts consistent with their responsibilities under this Agreement to Develop Product in the Field in the Territory in accordance with the Development Plan.

5.     R EGULATORY M ATTERS .

5.1     Preparation and Ownership of Regulatory Materials.    Subject to this Agreement, MAP shall have sole right and principal responsibility for the preparation, submission and maintenance of Regulatory Materials and for seeking Regulatory Approval for Product in the Field in the Territory. MAP shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to prepare, obtain, and maintain Regulatory Materials and seek Regulatory Approval for Product in the Field in the Territory and, to the extent required, Regulatory Approval of Promotional Materials. ALLERGAN shall have the opportunity to review the draft label for the Initial Indication and all Follow-On Indications in the Territory and provide comments to MAP. MAP will consider, in good faith, ALLERGAN’s comments and recommendations with respect to such labeling. MAP shall own and retain all right, title, and interest in, to, and under Regulatory Materials and Regulatory Approvals including all regulatory documentation with respect to Product. MAP shall solely own all Information arising in the course of Product Clinical Trials and preclinical activities conducted pursuant to this Agreement. MAP shall be responsible for all interactions with Regulatory Authorities relating to Product.

5.2     Notice of Communication with Regulatory Authorities.   MAP shall be responsible for handling all complaints, recalls and communications with any Regulatory Authority related to Product in the Field in the Territory and shall keep ALLERGAN promptly and fully informed as to the status of such activities. Each Party shall notify the other Party of any oral or written communications to or from Regulatory Authorities on matters related to (a) Product in the Field in the Territory or which may reasonably be deemed to impact or

 

22

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


potentially impact Development, Manufacture, Commercialization or Regulatory Approval therefor, and (b) material regulatory or safety issues concerning Product in any jurisdiction which may reasonably be deemed to adversely impact or potentially adversely impact Product (or sales thereof) in the Field in the Territory, and in each case in (a) and (b) above such Party shall provide the other Party with copies of any such written communications within three (3) Business Days of receipt or delivery of such communication, as the case may be, or such earlier date as required by Applicable Laws, the FDA or other relevant Regulatory Authority. Without limiting the foregoing, MAP shall promptly notify ALLERGAN of any assessment or inspection of MAP by any Regulatory Authority regarding MAP’s compliance with cGMP and shall promptly provide to ALLERGAN information relating to the outcome of such assessment or inspection. In addition to the foregoing, MAP shall permit ALLERGAN to review and comment on the NDA for the Initial Indication for Product and all regulatory applications for Follow-On Indications in the Field in the Territory and give ALLERGAN reasonable opportunity to review and comment on any proposed response to any such oral or written communications to or from any Regulatory Authority prior to submitting any response thereto, and provide ALLERGAN with a copy of the final response as specified herein. ALLERGAN shall provide all such comments promptly after receiving the relevant information. MAP will consider, in good faith, ALLERGAN’s comments and recommendations with respect to such regulatory materials. MAP shall provide reasonable advance notice to ALLERGAN with respect to, and permit [***] ALLERGAN representatives (as reasonably requested by ALLERGAN), or such other number of attendees as the Parties may agree, [***] all meetings (including substantive telephonic meetings) with the FDA in connection with Product in the Field in the Territory, as well as participate in any MAP strategic planning meetings in preparation for such FDA meetings. Unless otherwise agreed to by the Parties, ALLERGAN shall not, without prior consultation with, and agreement of, MAP, or unless so required by Applicable Laws, correspond or communicate with any Regulatory Authority concerning Product or any Regulatory Material related thereto.

5.3     Pharmacovigilance and Safety Monitoring Activities.   MAP shall be primarily responsible for monitoring all Clinical Trials for Product; maintaining adverse event, complaint and safety databases; and filing all required reports to Regulatory Authorities related to Product. Within [***] after the Effective Date, Safety Data Exchange Agreements (“SDEA”) will be implemented between the Parties governing the Parties’ respective responsibilities with respect to adverse events, complaints and other safety-related matters with respect to Product. Specific details regarding the exchange and management of information relating to adverse events related to the use of Product shall be delineated in a SDEA, which shall, among other terms, specify that: MAP shall be responsible for adverse event and Product complaint reporting to a Regulatory Authority; ALLERGAN shall maintain a record noting in reasonable detail any and all complaints and notices of adverse events it receives with respect to Product; and ALLERGAN shall provide to MAP or its designee all such information to the contacts specified by MAP in a format and in a form reasonably specified by MAP so as to enable MAP to comply with Applicable Laws (with such information being provided, in any event within two (2) Business Days after such adverse event or complaint is first received by ALLERGAN if the adverse event or complaint concerns a matter with the potential to adversely affect patient safety, and within seven (7) Business Days after such receipt otherwise). The SDEA will specify that MAP shall promptly provide to ALLERGAN copies of any reports that it files with a Regulatory

 

23

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Authority describing adverse events or complaints relating to Product within three (3) Business Days after delivery to a Regulatory Authority.

5.4     Risk Evaluation and Mitigation Strategies (“REMS”).   MAP shall be primarily responsible for executing any REMS program related to Product required by a Regulatory Authority in the Territory. Through the JSC and the JCC, the Parties will jointly discuss, prepare and implement any REMS Program required by Regulatory Authorities in the Territory.

5.5     Costs .   ALLERGAN shall reimburse MAP for fifty percent (50%) of Allowable Regulatory Expenses incurred by MAP. Within 15 calendar days after the end of each Calendar Month, MAP shall invoice ALLERGAN for ALLERGAN’s portion of Allowable Regulatory Expenses in arrears on a Calendar Month basis. MAP’s invoice shall be in a form reasonably specified by ALLERGAN and include a detailed accounting of the Allowable Regulatory Expenses incurred by MAP during the relevant Calendar Month. Unless ALLERGAN disputes the invoiced amounts, ALLERGAN shall remit payment to MAP of the full invoice amount within [***] of receipt thereof. Notwithstanding anything contained herein, in the event that [***] pursuant to which [***], beginning on the effective date of such [***], ALLERGAN shall [***]. If no such [***], the Parties agree to [***] is appropriate.

5.6     Product Recall .

(a)     Notification and Recall.    In the event that any government agency or Regulatory Authority issues or requests a recall or takes similar action in connection with Product in the Territory, or in the event either Party determines that an event, incident or circumstance has occurred that may result in the need for a recall or market withdrawal in the Territory, the Party notified of or desiring such recall or market withdrawal shall promptly advise the other Party thereof by facsimile or email. Following notification of a recall, the JSC shall decide and have control of whether to conduct a recall or market withdrawal (except in the case of a government-mandated recall) in the Territory and the manner in which any such recall or market withdrawal shall be conducted.

(b)     Recall Costs and Expenses .   MAP shall be solely responsible for the costs and expenses of any recall of Product, provided, however, that ALLERGAN shall bear the portion of any costs and expenses of a recall to the extent that such costs and expenses directly resulted from ALLERGAN’s gross negligence, willful misconduct or intentional omission, or the material breach of ALLERGAN’s representations, warranties, covenants or other obligations as set forth in or arising out of this Agreement. Such costs and expenses of recall shall include costs and expenses for notification, withdrawal, return and destruction of recalled Product and any refunds of amounts paid for recalled Product.

6.     C OMMERCIALIZATION .

6.1     Commercialization .   The Parties shall be jointly responsible for the Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets in the Territory in the Field in accordance with the terms of this Agreement, the Co-Promotion Agreement and the Commercialization Plan(s) developed pursuant to this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement.

 

24

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


6.2     Commercialization Plans .

(a)     The strategy for the Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory during the term of this Agreement shall be described in one or more comprehensive plans that describe the pre-launch, launch and subsequent Commercialization activities (including estimated Shared Expenses, advertising, education, planning, marketing, sales force training and allocation) (each, a “ Commercialization Plan ”).

(b)     Attached hereto as Exhibit 6.2(b) is a forecast of the prescriptions for Product in the in the Field in the Territory during each of the [***] following First Commercial Sale (the “ Signing Date TRx Forecast ”).

(c)     No later than ninety (90) days following the Effective Date, the JCC shall have agreed upon and presented to the JSC an initial Commercialization Plan setting forth the pre-launch and launch year Commercialization activities and a preliminary Net Sales forecast and budget for Product in the in the Field in the Territory during the Product Launch Period. The amounts set forth in such Commercialization Plan (including without limitation, Net Sales forecast and budget, and other costs and expenses) will be based upon the prescription forecasts in the Signing Date TRx Forecast, and the prescription forecasts in such Commercialization Plan shall not vary from the Signing Date TRx Forecast without the mutual written consent of both MAP and ALLERGAN.

(d)     Thereafter, on or before May 1 of each Calendar Year during the term of this Agreement, the JCC shall present to the JSC for its approval an updated Commercialization Plan including a budget for Shared Expenses in accordance with the then-current Annual Forecast And Budget for Product in the Field in the Territory for the next two (2) Calendar Years. On or before September 1 of such Calendar Year, the JSC shall have approved such Commercialization Plan, including the Annual Forecast And Budget contained therein. Notwithstanding anything contained herein, without the mutual written consent of both Parties, neither Party shall have the right to bill the other Party or include in Shared Expenses any direct or indirect Commercialization expenses other than those expressly provided for in the Annual Forecast and Budget, unless agreed to by the other Party.

(e)     All Commercialization Plans developed in accordance with this Agreement shall generally conform to the level of detail utilized by ALLERGAN in preparation of its own product commercialization plans, with the overall objective of maximizing the economic value of Product in the Field in the Territory. Without limiting the foregoing, all Commercialization Plans shall include but not be limited to: (i) details regarding demographics, market dynamics, and market strategies for Product and patient population, estimated launch dates, and sales and expense forecasts; (ii) a marketing plan (including plans related to the prelaunch, launch, promotion, reimbursement and sales of Product, which shall include pricing strategy, sampling plans, public relations and promotional communications and a reasonably descriptive overview of the marketing and advertising campaigns proposed to be conducted; (iii) health economics and/or quality of life studies to be performed or other payor related activities required to determine placement of product with payors, and other payor related studies to establish prices for Product; (iv) sales force forecasts and allocation, physician training and

 

25

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


education, detail frequency, Physician Target Detail plans and allocations of percentages of Details and identities of Physician Targets to be provided or contacted by the Parties, and sales incentive compensation programs for Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory; and (v) Phase IV Clinical Trial activities. Each Commercialization Plan shall include an associated budget for Commercialization of Product, including without limitation the Third Parties to be utilized in such activities and the arrangements with them that have been or are proposed to be agreed upon and a budget of the costs and expenses expected to be incurred in connection with performing the Commercialization Plan.

6.3     Sales Force Efforts .

(a)     Additional requirements regarding the overall Commercialization efforts that each of the Parties shall provide in support of Product Commercialization to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory shall be set forth in the Co-Promotion Agreement and the applicable Commercialization Plan. In accordance with the Co-Promotion Agreement, sales force costs and expenses will be calculated on a PDE Costs basis.

(b)     Subject to the minimum Sales Force requirements set forth herein and in the Co-Promotion Agreement, each Party shall build and deploy a Sales Force that can adequately deliver the specified number of PDEs as set forth in the then-current Commercialization Plan. Notwithstanding the foregoing, at all times during the [***] period immediately following the First Commercial Sale, unless otherwise expressly agreed by the Parties in writing:

(i)     ALLERGAN shall deliver a minimum of [***] PDEs per Calendar Quarter to Physician Targets; and

(ii)     MAP shall deliver a minimum of [***] PDEs per Calendar Quarter to Physician Targets.

(c)     Unless otherwise specified in the then-applicable Commercialization Plan:

(i)     all Details of Product in the Field in the Territory performed by MAP during the [***] period immediately following the First Commercial Sale shall be Primary Details; and

(ii)     all Details of Product in the Field in the Territory performed by ALLERGAN shall be Secondary Details; provided, that ALLERGAN, at its sole discretion, may elect to perform Primary Details of Product but, in such event, would only be entitled to PDE credit for a Secondary Detail.

(d)     The Parties will cooperate with each other in developing strategies for the Parties’ Sales Forces to effectively target the [***] of migraine medication prescribers and other Physician Targets who are determined by MAP or ALLERGAN to be appropriate targets for Product Details.

 

26

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


6.4     PDE Expense Cap .   Notwithstanding anything in this Agreement to the contrary, ALLERGAN’s aggregate PDE Costs included in Shared Expenses shall not exceed [***] in any Calendar Quarter and MAP’s aggregate PDE Costs included in Shared Expenses shall not exceed [***] in any Calendar Quarter, with such dollar amounts subject to adjustment for inflation based upon the then-current PDE Rate.

6.5     MAP Sales Force .

(a)     No later than [***] prior to the PDUFA Date, MAP shall have recruited and hired as employees of MAP, its first and second level sales management team for the Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory (the “ Sales Force Management Team ”).

(b)     In addition, MAP shall establish a sales force comprised of [***] FTEs, trained and placed sales representatives to Detail Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory (the “ MAP Sales Force ”) with any increase or decrease in the number of such sales representatives being subject to the recommendation of the JCC and the approval of the JSC in accordance with the terms of the this Agreement. The MAP Sales Force shall be deployed in the Territory in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement upon the date of First Commercial Sale. The Sales Force Management Team shall work in good faith in accordance with the requirements of this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement to recruit the MAP Sales Force, such that the majority of MAP Sales Force members have been extended contingent hire offers not later than [***].

(c)     In addition to compliance with the requirements set forth herein, the Sales Force Management Team and the MAP Sales Force shall at all times comply with the requirements set forth in, and shall be recruited, employed, trained and otherwise developed in accordance with terms of, the Co-Promotion Agreement.

6.6     Packaging; Promotional Materials.    MAP shall own and be responsible for all final packaging (non-commercial and commercial) and Promotional Materials for use in Commercializing Product. The JSC shall be responsible for establishing a process for the Parties to review and approve Promotional Materials for Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Territory, materials that will be distributed by medical science liaisons for Product in the Field in the Territory, and comparable materials.

6.7     Costs .   Shared Expenses shall be treated in accordance with the provisions of Section 8.3 of this Agreement, the Co-Promotion Agreement and the relevant Commercialization Plan. Except as otherwise expressly set forth herein, each Party shall be solely responsible for any of their respective costs and expenses associated with Commercialization of Product that are not Shared Expenses. For the avoidance of doubt, (a) costs and expenses for MAP’s Sales Force Management Team and ALLERGAN’s Sales Force Management Team shall be borne solely by each respective Party and shall not be Shared Expenses, and (b) costs and expenses for the MAP Sales Force and the ALLERGAN Sales Force shall be included in Shared Expenses solely by means of the calculation of PDE Costs.

 

27

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


6.8     Efforts.   Subject to the provisions of this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement, as promptly as reasonably practicable after obtaining Initial Indication Approval (and in any event within [***] after Initial Indication Approval), the Parties shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to launch Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory and shall thereafter continue to use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to Commercialize Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Territory in accordance with the terms of this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement and the applicable Commercialization Plan. Without limiting the foregoing, the Parties shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to Detail Product to all Physician Targets that are within [***] of migraine medication prescribers.

6.9     Commercialization of Other Products.    Notwithstanding anything contained herein, neither Party shall be precluded from Commercializing its products, other than Product, to Physician Targets in the Territory, or preclude MAP (or its Affiliates or Sublicensees) from Commercializing Product to Physicians who are not Physician Targets.

7.     M ANUFACTURING AND D ISTRIBUTION .

7.1     General.    MAP shall Manufacture and distribute Product for clinical and commercial use pursuant to this Agreement. Such Product shall comply with applicable Product Specifications and shall be Manufactured in accordance with such specifications and Applicable Laws. MAP shall use Commercially Reasonable Efforts to establish a fully validated and approved supply process for Manufacture of commercial supplies of Product meeting Product Specifications that have been Manufactured in compliance with the applicable Product Specifications and Applicable Laws, including without limitation cGMP, and shall engage in such scale-up, second source supply and Manufacturing automation activities as the Parties may mutually agree. [***].

7.2     Costs.    Except as otherwise set forth herein, all costs and expenses incurred in the course of Manufacturing activities shall be included in Shared Expenses as set forth in Section 8.3. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, unless otherwise agreed to by the Parties in writing, in no event shall ALLERGAN be responsible (or obligated to pay or reimburse) for any Manufacturing Expenses (as defined below) incurred by MAP prior to Initial Indication Approval except that ALLERGAN shall reimburse MAP for fifty percent (50%) of Allowable Pre-Approval Manufacturing Expenses incurred by MAP. Within fifteen (15) calendar days after the end of each Calendar Month, MAP shall invoice ALLERGAN for ALLERGAN’s portion of Allowable Pre-Approval Manufacturing Expenses in arrears on a Calendar Month basis. MAP’s invoice shall be in a form reasonably specified by ALLERGAN and include a detailed accounting of the Allowable Pre-Approval Manufacturing Expenses incurred by MAP during the relevant Calendar Month. Unless ALLERGAN disputes the invoiced amounts in accordance with the procedures set forth in Section 8.5, ALLERGAN shall remit payment to MAP of the full invoice amount within [***] of receipt thereof. “ Manufacturing Expenses ” shall mean Cost of Goods Sold (as defined in Exhibit 1.113), excluding any Manufacturing Improvement Expenses.

 

28

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


8.     P AYMENT O BLIGATIONS .

8.1     Upfront Payment.    In consideration for the rights granted to ALLERGAN under this Agreement and in recognition for prior investment in development of Product, ALLERGAN shall pay to MAP a one-time-only, nonrefundable, noncreditable payment of Sixty Million Dollars ($60,000,000) within seven (7) Business Days after the Effective Date.

8.2     Milestone Payments .

(a)     Milestones for Pre-Commercialization.   In consideration for the rights granted to ALLERGAN under this Agreement and in recognition for prior investment in development of Product, ALLERGAN shall make the following nonrefundable, noncreditable (except as set forth in Section 8.2(c)) milestone payments to MAP with respect to Product, within thirty (30) days from the date of invoice by MAP after achievement of the relevant milestone for Product as set forth in the table below. The milestones in this Section 8.2 are cumulative, such that under no circumstances is any single milestone payment to be deemed in lieu of, or to be substituted for, another milestone payment.

 

Milestone Event

  

Payment

 

Acceptance for filing of an NDA for Product for the Initial Indication

     $20,000,000   

First Commercial Sale of Product for the Initial Indication

     $50,000,000   
If ALLERGAN exercises its option under Section 2.4, the first Regulatory Approval of an New Drug Submission or equivalent by Health Canada for Product for the Initial Indication      $2,000,000   

Achievement of FDA-approved Product labeling in the United States that [***]

     $15,000,000   

Achievement of FDA-approved Product labeling in the United States [***]

     $10,000,000   

(b)     For clarity, each milestone under Section 8.2(a) will be paid only once, the total equaling a maximum of Ninety-Seven Million Dollars ($97,000,000).

(c)     Any costs and expenses attributable to ALLERGAN and included as part of Allowable Development Expenses or Allowable Regulatory Expenses that are directly related to achieving the FDA-Approved Product labelling milestones set forth above shall be credited against the amount due when such milestone is achieved.

8.3     Sharing of Distributable Profit and Loss .

 

29

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(a)     MAP shall distribute Product and book Net Sales for Product in the Territory.

(b)     For the period beginning on the date of the First Commercial Sale and expiring on the earlier of: (x) the date on which MAP PCP Detail is triggered; and (y) [***] (such period, the “ PCP Net Sales Period ”), Product sales resulting from prescriptions written by PCPs (“ PCP Net Sales ”) shall be included in Net Sales and in the calculation of Distributable Profit and Distributable Loss under this Agreement, after which time such sales shall not be included in Net Sales and in the calculation of Distributable Profit and Distributable Loss under this Agreement.

(c)     Commencing on the Effective Date, the Parties shall share Distributable Profit and Distributable Loss equally such that each Party receives fifty percent (50%) of the Distributable Profit and bears fifty percent (50%) of the Distributable Loss.

8.4     Accounting and Reporting of Net Sales and Shared Expenses.

(a)     Within [***] after the end of each Calendar Quarter, MAP shall submit to ALLERGAN an estimate report providing in reasonable detail all Shared Expenses incurred by MAP (the “ MAP Estimated Shared Expenses ” and such report the “ MAP Shared Expenses Estimate Report ”), including a calculation showing as separate line items each component of Shared Expenses. Within [***] after the end of each Calendar Quarter, ALLERGAN shall submit to MAP an estimate report providing in reasonable detail all Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN (the “ ALLERGAN Estimated Shared Expenses ” and such report “ ALLERGAN Shared Expenses Estimate Report ”), including a calculation showing as separate line items each component of Shared Expenses. Each such estimate report shall be considered Confidential Information of the submitting Party, subject to the terms and conditions of Article 15 herein. If within [***] of receipt by a Party of the reports described in this Section 8.4(a), such Party informs the other Party that it disputes the amount of all or a portion of any Shared Expense, the Parties shall meet promptly and attempt in good faith to resolve such dispute.

(b)     MAP agrees to determine Net Sales in the Field in the Territory using its standard accounting procedures, consistently applied and consistent with this Agreement and with GAAP, as if Product was a solely owned product of MAP. In the case of amounts to be calculated by or using information from Third Parties (for example, Net Sales by Sublicensees), such amounts shall be determined in accordance with GAAP in effect in the country in which such Third Party is established.

(c)     In the event of the payment or receipt of non-cash consideration in connection with the performance of activities under this Agreement, MAP shall advise the JSC of such transaction, including without limitation MAP’s assessment of the fair market value of such non-cash consideration and the basis therefor. Such transaction shall be accounted for on a cash equivalent basis.

8.5     Process, Reports and Financial Reconciliation.

 

30

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(a)     Within [***] after the end of each calendar month, MAP shall submit to ALLERGAN (i) an estimate report providing in reasonable detail an accounting of the amount invoiced by MAP or its Affiliates for all sales of Product in the Territory to unaffiliated Third Parties during such calendar month, and (ii) an estimate report providing in reasonable detail an accounting of all Net Sales, if any, derived from prescriptions written by Physician Targets in the Territory during such calendar month, including the total gross sales and the allowable deductions therefrom.

(b)     Within [***] after the end of each Calendar Quarter (the “ Recently Ended Quarter ”), MAP shall submit to ALLERGAN an estimate report providing in reasonable detail an accounting of all Net Sales, including the total gross sales and the allowable deductions therefrom (the “ Net Sales Estimate Report” ). Attached hereto as Exhibit 8.5 is a detailed example of calculation of Net Sales in accordance with this Agreement. Using the Net Sales Estimate Report, the MAP Shared Expenses Estimate Report and the ALLERGAN Shared Expenses Estimate Report, MAP shall, within [***] after the end of the Recently Ended Quarter, prepare a report of the Distributable Loss or Distributable Profit for the Recently Ended Quarter (the “ Distributable Loss Report ” or “ Distributable Profit Report ”). The Distributable Loss Report or Distributable Profit Report shall also include a true and accurate reconciliation, if any, of Distributable Loss or Distributable Profit for the Calendar Quarter immediately preceding the Recently Ended Quarter (the “ Prior Quarter ”), as follows:

(i)     a statement of finalized Net Sales for the Recently Ended Quarter and the Prior Quarter;

(ii)     a statement of the finalized MAP Shared Expenses, the ALLERGAN Shared Expenses and the total Shared Expenses for the Recently Ended Quarter;

(iii)     a calculation of estimated Distributable Loss or Distributable Profit for the Recently Ended Quarter including any adjustment to the Prior Quarter’s estimated Distributable Profit or Distributable Loss, which adjustment shall be applied in the payment due in the Recently Ended Quarter, as applicable, such that each Party shall share equally in the Distributable Profit or Distributable Loss as set forth in Section 8.3; and

(iv)     a statement of any amount owed by one Party to the other Party (“ Net Payment ”), to be determined as follows and as further illustrated in Exhibit 8.3:

A.     If the Distributable Profit is greater than zero (0), MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN plus fifty percent (50%) of the Distributable Profit.

B.     If the Distributable Profit is equal to zero, MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to the Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN.

C.     If there is Distributable Loss, and:

 

31

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(1)     If there is a MAP Operating Loss and such MAP Operating Loss is greater than the Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN, then ALLERGAN shall pay to MAP an amount equal to the difference between 50% of the Distributable Loss and the Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN;

(2)     If there is a MAP Operating Loss and such MAP Operating Loss is less than the Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN, then MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to the difference between 50% of the Distributable Loss and the Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN; or

(3)     If there is a MAP Operating Profit, then MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to the difference between 50% of the Distributable Loss and the Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN.

Within [***] after MAP provides ALLERGAN the reports set forth in this Section 8.5 (other than reports delivered pursuant to Section 8.5(a)), ALLERGAN or MAP, as the case may be, shall pay the Net Payment to the other Party. If within [***] of receipt by ALLERGAN of the Distributable Loss Report or the Distributable Profit Report, ALLERGAN informs MAP that it disputes the amount of all or a portion of any payment due, the Parties shall meet promptly and attempt in good faith to resolve such dispute. To the extent the dispute is not resolved, such matter shall be presented to the JSC for resolution.

(c)    If during the term of this Agreement, either Party is required, as a company that reports it financial results to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (“ SEC ”) in accordance with GAAP, to include certain financial results of the other Party in such Party’s consolidated financial statements, such Party shall timely provide to the other Party its financial statements reasonably requested by such Party, which may include quarterly (unaudited) and yearly (audited) income statements, balance sheets, and statements of cash flows (the “ Financial Statements ”) and related supplemental information required for appropriate GAAP footnote disclosures by the requesting Party. All Financial Statements and related supplemental information shall be prepared in accordance with GAAP. Any information provided by a Party to the other Party under this section will be treated as such disclosing Party’s Confidential Information, unless required by GAAP to be disclosed as part of a Party’s Financial Statements filed with the SEC.

8.6     Currency of Payment.    All payments to be made under this Agreement shall be made in Dollars. Net Sales made in foreign currencies shall be converted into Dollars in accordance with GAAP using the exchange rates set forth in The Wall Street Journal (Eastern United States Edition) for each of the three (3) calendar months included in the Calendar Quarter in which such Net Sales were made. Any cost items incurred by ALLERGAN in non-Dollar currencies will be converted into Dollars using the exchange rate ALLERGAN uses in preparing its financial statements pursuant to GAAP for the applicable reporting period. All such converted Net Sales and cost items shall be consolidated with U.S. Net Sales for each Calendar Quarter and the applicable payments determined therefrom.

 

32

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


8.7     Withholding.    In the event that any payment under this Agreement becomes subject to withholding taxes, other than income tax, under Applicable Laws, the payor may withhold from the payment the amount of such taxes due. Payor will timely pay to the proper governmental authority the amount of any taxes withheld and will provide the payee with an official tax certificate or other evidence of tax obligation together with proof of payment from the relevant governmental authority sufficient to enable payee to claim such payment of taxes. The Parties agree to cooperate with one another and use reasonable efforts to minimize or eliminate such withholding taxes when possible.

8.8     Initial Indication Costs and Expenses Prior to First Commercial Sale .   Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement and except for Allowable Pre-Approval Manufacturing Expenses as specifically set forth in Section 7.2 and except as specifically set forth in the proviso in this Section 8.8, unless otherwise agreed to by ALLERGAN in writing, in no event shall ALLERGAN be responsible (or obligated to pay or reimburse) for any Development, CMC, or other non Commercialization costs or expenses incurred or accrued by MAP prior to the date of First Commercial Sale, and such costs and expenses shall not be considered Shared Expenses, Allowable Development Expenses, Allowable Patent Expenses or Allowable Regulatory Expenses; provided, however, that if after the Effective Date and prior to the date of the Initial Indication Approval, MAP receives notification from the FDA that Initial Indication Approval will not be obtained without incurring additional Development, Manufacturing and CMC expenses, and MAP incurs such costs and expenses in [***].

8.9     Additional Required Indication and Additional Collaboration Indication Development Cost and Expense Cap.    Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in this Agreement, unless otherwise agreed to by the Parties in writing and other than costs and expenses related to REMS and patient registries, in no event shall either Party be responsible (or obligated to pay or reimburse) [***], for any Development, CMC, Manufacturing, or non-Commercialization costs or expenses incurred or accrued by MAP for the Development of the Additional Required Indication and any other Additional Collaboration Indications.

9.     R ECORD R ETENTION AND A UDITS .

9.1     Record Retention.    MAP shall keep complete and accurate records pertaining to Net Sales of and Shared Expenses for Product in sufficient detail to permit ALLERGAN to verify the costs and expenses related to the efforts of MAP under this Agreement for which ALLERGAN is responsible for payment or reimbursement. ALLERGAN shall keep complete and accurate records of Shared Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN for Product, in sufficient detail to permit MAP to verify the costs related to the efforts of ALLERGAN under this Agreement. The records to be maintained by each Party under this Section shall be maintained for a minimum of [***] following the Calendar Year in which the corresponding efforts or payments, as the case may be, were made under this Agreement or longer if in accordance with Applicable Laws.

9.2     Audit Request.    Each of the Parties shall, at its cost and expense (except as provided below), have the right to audit, not more than [***] during each Calendar Year and

 

33

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


during regular business hours upon reasonable prior written notice which shall in no event be less than [***], the records maintained by the other Party under Section 9.1, to determine with respect to any Calendar Year the accuracy of any report or payment made under this Agreement in the [***]. Neither Party may re-audit the other Party’s records once audited. If a Party desires to audit such records, it shall engage an independent, certified public accountant reasonably acceptable to the other Party, to examine such records under obligations of confidentiality no less protective as those set forth in Article 15. Such accountant shall be instructed to provide to the auditing Party a report verifying any report made or payment submitted by the audited Party during such period, but shall not disclose to the auditing Party any Confidential Information of the audited Party not necessary therefor. The cost and expense of such audit shall be borne by the auditing Party provided that in the event an error resulting in underpayment by the audited Party or overpayment by the auditing Party of more than [***] is discovered, then such auditing expenses shall be paid by the audited Party. If an audit report prepared under this Section 9.2 concludes that additional payment amounts were owed to a Party during any period, the debtor Party shall pay such payment amount, plus interest thereon at a rate of [***] compounding annually from the date such amounts were payable, within [***] of the date the creditor Party delivers to the debtor Party such written audit report so concluding, unless the debtor Party notifies the creditor Party of any dispute regarding the audit report and commences proceedings under Section 18.12 within [***] of delivery of the audit report (in which case the payment shall be delayed until conclusion of the proceeding). No auditors engaged in any audits under this Section 9.2 shall be paid on a contingency basis. Any Information received by an auditing Party pursuant to this Section 9.2 shall be deemed to be Confidential Information of the audited Party.

10.     I NVENTIONS , K NOW - HOW AND P ATENTS .

 10.1     Existing Intellectual Property.    OTHER THAN AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT, NEITHER PARTY GRANTS ANY RIGHT, TITLE, OR INTEREST IN ANY PATENT, PATENT APPLICATION, INFORMATION, OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHT CONTROLLED BY SUCH PARTY TO THE OTHER PARTY.

 10.2     Ownership of Inventions.   MAP shall solely own all Inventions [***] and/or [***] that are related to [***] by (i) [***] or (ii) [***], which Invention is [***] (an “ ALLERGAN Inventor ”) (“ MAP Inventions ”). In the case of an ALLERGAN Inventor, ALLERGAN shall promptly notify MAP in writing, providing reasonable detail, of such MAP Invention. Without additional consideration, ALLERGAN hereby assigns to MAP any and all of its right, title and interest in and to any such MAP Inventions (including without limitation all Patents or Patent Applications claiming such MAP Inventions), and shall reasonably cooperate with and take reasonable additional actions and execute such agreements, instruments, and documents as may be reasonably required to perfect MAP’s right, title and interest in, to, and under such MAP Inventions; provided, however, that MAP hereby covenants and agrees that it shall not assert such MAP Invention against ALLERGAN (including its Affiliates, successors, assigns, licensees, distributors, contractors, agents, and customers). ALLERGAN shall include provisions in its relevant agreements relating to this Agreement requiring its Sublicensees, Affiliates, independent contractors, employees and agents to (i) so assign to ALLERGAN any and all of their respective right, title and interest in, to, and under the foregoing as necessary for

 

34

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


ALLERGAN to comply with its assignment obligation as set forth in this Section 10.2; and (ii) cooperate with and take reasonable additional actions and execute such agreements, instruments, and documents as may be reasonably required to perfect right, title and interest in, to, and under such MAP Inventions. Ownership of any and all Inventions other than MAP Inventions shall be based on inventorship as determined in accordance with U.S. Patent law; provided, however, in the case of [***] made during the term of this Agreement that is [***], ALLERGAN [***]. For the avoidance of doubt, if the [***] during the Term of this Agreement, such [***] for purposes of the preceding sentence. The Parties expressly agree and intend that the [***] set forth in this Section 10.2 shall [***].

10.3    Patent Prosecution and Maintenance .   MAP shall prosecute and maintain all Patents and Patent Applications in the Territory included in MAP Patent Rights in full compliance with all applicable laws, regulations, and duties. MAP shall keep ALLERGAN timely apprised of all significant events concerning such prosecution and maintenance in the Territory, or that may impact such Patents and Patent Applications in the Territory (including, without limitation, office actions, responses to office actions, requests for re-examination, interference proceedings, term adjustments, requests for term extensions, and abandonment or discontinuation decisions), and shall reasonably consider, in good faith, all ALLERGAN input regarding such prosecution and maintenance in the Territory. In the event that MAP elects not to prosecute and/or maintain Product Specific Patent Rights in the Territory, it shall promptly notify ALLERGAN of such election not to prosecute and Maintain such Product Specific Patent Rights, and ALLERGAN shall have the right, but not the obligation, to elect, within [***] of written notification of MAP’s intent not to prosecute and/or maintain such Product Specific Patent Rights, to perform such activities and [***] the costs and expenses associated with such prosecution [***]. For purposes of this Section 10, [***] shall only include the [***], including up to [***], recorded as an expense in accordance with GAAP, and statutory fees.

10.4    Patent Costs .

(a)       MAP Allowable Patent Expenses .   ALLERGAN shall reimburse MAP for fifty percent (50%) of the Allowable Patent Expenses incurred by MAP. Within fifteen (15) calendar days after the end of each Calendar Month, MAP shall invoice ALLERGAN for ALLERGAN’s portion of the Allowable Patent Expenses in arrears on a Calendar Month basis. MAP’s invoice shall be in a form reasonably specified by ALLERGAN and include a detailed accounting of the Allowable Patent Expenses incurred by MAP during the relevant Calendar Month. Unless ALLERGAN disputes the invoiced amounts, ALLERGAN shall remit payment to MAP of the full invoice amount within [***] of receipt thereof. Notwithstanding anything contained herein, in the event that [***] pursuant to which [***], beginning on the effective date of such [***]. If no such [***] and if the [***], the Parties agree to [***] is appropriate.

(b)       ALLERGAN Patent Expenses .   MAP shall reimburse ALLERGAN for [***] of ALLERGAN Patent Expenses. Within 15 calendar days after the end of each Calendar Quarter, ALLERGAN shall invoice MAP for MAP’s portion of ALLERGAN Patent Expenses in arrears on a Calendar Quarter basis. ALLERGAN’s invoice shall be in a form reasonably specified by MAP and include a detailed accounting of the ALLERGAN Patent Expenses incurred by ALLERGAN during the relevant Calendar Quarter. Unless MAP disputes the

 

35

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


invoiced amounts, MAP shall remit payment to ALLERGAN of the full invoice amount within [***] of receipt thereof.

10.5    Third Party Infringement Claims .

(a)       Notice.   If the Development, Manufacture, import, use, Commercialization or sale of Product in the Field in the Territory results in a claim by a Third Party alleging infringement of a Patent owned or controlled by such Third Party (“ Third Party Claim ”), the Party first having notice of such claim shall promptly notify the other Party in writing. The notice shall set forth the facts of the Third Party Claim in reasonable detail.

(b)       Defense.    MAP shall be responsible for defending any Third Party Claim, but shall consult with ALLERGAN regarding the strategy for such defense and keep ALLERGAN apprised of the status of, and substantive developments in, the case. To the extent related to Product Commercialized to Physician Targets for use in the Field and solely and specifically in the Territory, and with the exception of Excluded Claims, all reasonable outside counsel costs and expenses of defending such Third Party Claims shall be “ Defense Expenses ” and included in Shared Expenses as set forth in Exhibit 1.113, subject to the provisions of Exhibit 1.113. For the avoidance of doubt, any settlement costs and expenses and any damages resulting from Third Party Claims shall not be Defense Expenses. In the event that ALLERGAN is named as a defendant in such litigation, counsel representing MAP shall also represent ALLERGAN to the extent permitted under Applicable Laws. In the event that separate counsel is required to avoid a conflict of interest, ALLERGAN shall be permitted to select counsel for such defense subject to MAP’s reasonable approval and all reasonable costs and expenses of such separate counsel for defending such Third Party Claims shall be Defense Expenses included in Shared Expenses as set forth in Exhibit 1.113; provided, however, that if ALLERGAN retains separate counsel not required by a conflict, the costs and expenses of such separate counsel are paid solely by ALLERGAN. [***].

10.6    Enforcement of MAP Patent Rights Against Third Parties .

(a)       Each Party shall notify the other Party promptly of any conduct on the part of a Third Party that it reasonably believes may be a potential infringement of MAP Patent Rights in the Field in the Territory, including the facts of such alleged infringement in reasonable detail. The Parties shall thereafter reasonably cooperate to promptly determine whether and the extent of any such infringement.

(b)       MAP shall have the first right, but not the obligation, to enforce MAP Patent Rights against any such infringing activities. If MAP fails to initiate litigation or take steps to abate such infringement with respect to Product Specific Patent Rights within [***] of a written request by ALLERGAN to do so, ALLERGAN, in its discretion, may undertake such action as it deems necessary to enforce the Product Specific Patent Rights in the Field in the Territory.

(c)       Each Party agrees to cooperate fully and provide each other with information or assistance that the other Party may reasonable request in connection with any

 

36

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


litigation initiated pursuant to this Section, including voluntarily consenting to be named as a plaintiff in an action commenced by the other Party.

(d)     The Party initiating the action under Section 10.6(b) shall have control over the handling of the litigation, including the selection of counsel and settlement; provided, however, that no Party shall settle any action in a manner that will substantively adversely affect the rights of the other Party (including without limitation the licenses granted herein) without the consent of such other Party, which consent shall not unreasonably be withheld and, further provided that such other Party shall have the right, at its expense (except in the case of a conflict), to be represented in such action by separate counsel of its own choice. The Party controlling such litigation shall keep the other Party reasonably informed about the status and developments in such action, including considering, in good faith, the input of the other Party regarding the strategy and handling of the litigation.

(e)     All reasonable outside counsel fees and expenses (including expert fees and expenses, but excluding the costs of non-conflicted, separate counsel of a Party) of any action initiated in accordance with Section 10.6(b) incurred by MAP or ALLERGAN shall be “ Patent Litigation Expenses ” and included in Shared Expenses as set forth in Exhibit 1.113, subject to the terms thereof. All recoveries, lump-sum settlements, royalty payments or other consideration received by the Parties as a result of any such litigation or settlement of any infringement (directed by either Party) shall be deemed to be Net Sales included in the calculation of Distributable Profit and shared as set forth in Section 8.3.

10.7    Notice of Third Party Infringement Litigation.   In any action by or against MAP involving any of the MAP Patent Rights that may potentially impact the MAP Patent Rights in the Field in the Territory, MAP shall promptly keep ALLERGAN advised of the status of, and substantive developments (including without limitation, settlement offers and discussions) in, such action with sufficient advance notice, to the extent reasonably practical, for ALLERGAN to provide substantive input regarding the strategy and handling of such actions.

10.8    Further Actions.   Each Party shall cooperate with the other Party to execute documents and take actions as reasonably requested to effect the intent of this Article 10. [***], during the term of this Agreement, comply with all of its material obligations under, [***]. For the avoidance of doubt, any breach or failure [***].

11.    T RADEMARK s .

11.1     To the extent allowed by Applicable Laws and consistent with each Party’s internal Trademark policy as to size, location and prominence, any Promotional Materials shall carry in a designated location the MAP Trademarks and ALLERGAN Trademarks in equal size, except for Product Trademark (LEVADEX or any other Product Trademark the Parties might agree upon), which shall be larger, subject to the JCC’s approval of the size , position, and location thereof on Product or its components. Further, at MAP’s request, such Promotional Materials associated with Product shall carry, in a reasonable location, form, and font as designated by the JCC, a Patent notice in accordance with and when required by the Applicable Laws of the country in which (i) Product is sold, and (ii) a claim in a Patent included in the MAP Patent Rights. MAP agrees that it shall not use any Trademark on Product or any Promotional

 

37

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Materials other than the MAP Trademarks, ALLERGAN Trademarks or, as required by the Nektar License, the Nektar Trademarks. MAP covenants and agrees that any patent notices that MAP includes on any packaging or Promotional Materials in accordance with Section 11.1 shall be, at the time distributed by ALLERGAN, accurate and shall cover the product(s) marked.

11.2     MAP grants to ALLERGAN the right to use MAP Trademarks and, to the extent necessary and requested by MAP, the right to use the Nektar Trademarks (and subject to the requirement to use the Nektar Trademarks with respect to Product as provided in the Nektar License), solely to exercise ALLERGAN’s rights and fulfill its obligations set forth in this Agreement. ALLERGAN shall not use any MAP Trademark outside the scope of this Agreement, or take any action that would materially adversely affect the value of any MAP Trademark. MAP shall retain the right to monitor the quality of the goods on or with which the MAP Trademark is used as necessary to maintain its trademark rights. ALLERGAN shall not use any MAP Trademark in packaging materials, package inserts, labels, labeling, and marketing, sales, advertising and promotional materials except as approved in accordance with this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement.

11.3      ALLERGAN grants to MAP the right to use the ALLERGAN Trademarks solely to the extent necessary for MAP to exercise its rights and fulfill its obligations set forth in this Agreement. MAP shall not use any ALLERGAN Trademark outside the scope of this Agreement, or take any action that would materially adversely affect the value of any ALLERGAN Trademark. ALLERGAN shall retain the right to monitor the quality of the goods on or with which the ALLERGAN Trademark is used as necessary to maintain its trademark rights. MAP shall not use any ALLERGAN Trademark in packaging materials, package inserts, labels, labeling, and marketing, sales, advertising and promotional materials except as approved in accordance with this Agreement and the Co-Promotion Agreement.

12.    R EPRESENTATIONS AND W ARRANTIES .

12.1     The Parties’ Representations and Warranties .   Each Party hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the other Party, as of the Effective Date, as set forth below:

(a)     Such Party (i) is a corporation duly organized and validly existing under the laws of its jurisdiction of organization, and (ii) has full power and authority and the legal right to own and operate its property and assets and to carry on its business as it is now being conducted and as it is contemplated to be conducted by this Agreement;

(b)     Such Party has sufficient legal and/or beneficial title under its intellectual property rights necessary for the purposes contemplated under this Agreement and to grant the license contained in this Agreement;

(c)     Such Party is not aware of any pending or threatened litigation, nor has it received any notice of claim, alleging that it has violated or would violate, through the manufacture, import and/or sale of Product hereunder, or by conducting its obligations as currently proposed under this Agreement, any intellectual property or other rights of any Third Party;

 

38

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(d)     To such Party’s knowledge, all of its employees, officers, independent contractors, consultants and agents have executed agreements requiring assignment to such Party of all inventions made during the course of and as a result of their association with such Party and obligating the individual to maintain as confidential the Confidential Information of such Party;

(e)     Such Party has the power, authority and legal right, and is free to enter into this Agreement and, in so doing, will not violate any other agreement to which such Party is a party as of the Effective Date and such Party has maintained and will maintain and keep in full force and effect all agreements and regulatory filings necessary to perform its obligations under the Agreement. Moreover, during the Term, such Party shall not enter into any agreement with a Third Party that will conflict with the rights granted to the other Party under this Agreement;

(f)     This Agreement has been duly executed and delivered on behalf of such Party and constitutes a legal, valid and binding obligation of such Party and is enforceable against it in accordance with its terms, subject to the effects of bankruptcy, insolvency or other laws of general application affecting the enforcement of creditor rights and judicial principles affecting the availability of specific performance and general principles of equity;

(g)     Such Party has taken all corporate action necessary to authorize the execution, delivery and performance of this Agreement;

(h)     Except in connection with or related to the settlement between ALLERGAN and the United States Department of Justice, announced on September 1, 2010, neither such Party, nor any of such Party’s employees, officers, independent contractors, consultants or agents who will render services relating to Product: (i) has ever been debarred or is subject to debarment or convicted of a crime for which an entity or person could be debarred under 21 U.S.C. Section 335a; or (ii) has ever been under indictment for a crime for which a person or entity could be debarred under said Section 335a. If during the Term a Party has reason to believe that it or any of its employees, officers, independent contractors, consultants or agents rendering services relating to Product: (x) is or will be debarred or convicted of a crime under 21 U.S.C. Section 335a; or (y) is or will be under indictment under said Section 335a, then such Party shall immediately notify the other Party of same in writing;

(i)     Such Party has obtained all necessary consents, approvals and authorizations of all Regulatory Authorities and other Third Parties required to be obtained by such Party in connection with the execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance of its obligations hereunder; and

(j)     The execution and delivery of this Agreement and the performance of such Party’s obligations hereunder: (i) do not conflict with or violate any provision of the certificate of incorporation, bylaws, limited partnership agreement or any similar instrument of such Party, as applicable, in any material way; (ii) to such Party’s knowledge, do not conflict with, violate or breach or constitute a default or require any consent under any indenture, mortgage, contract or instrument to which it is party or by which it is bound; and (iii) to such Party’s knowledge, do not conflict with, violate, or breach or constitute a default or require any

 

39

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


consent under, any requirement of Applicable Laws or court or administrative order by which such Party is bound.

12.2    Representations and Warranties of ALLERGAN.   ALLERGAN hereby represents, warrants and covenants to MAP that, as of the Effective Date, as set forth below:

(a)     Exhibit 1.7 sets forth a true and complete list of the ALLERGAN Trademarks.

(b)     Nothing in the settlement between ALLERGAN and the United States Department of Justice, announced on September 1, 2010, conflicts with ALLERGAN’s ability to enter into this Agreement and perform its obligations hereunder.

12.3    Representations and Warranties of MAP.   MAP hereby represents and warrants and covenants to ALLERGAN, as of the Effective Date, as set forth below:

(a)     other than the license granted hereunder, it [***] to all right, title and interest, in, to and under the MAP Licensed Intellectual Property in the Territory;

(b)     MAP has sufficient rights to grant the licenses and rights granted herein, free and clear of any security interests, claims, encumbrances or charges of any kind that would conflict in any material respect with the rights granted hereunder;

(c)     MAP has not assigned or granted licenses, nor shall MAP assign or grant licenses or rights, to the MAP Licensed Intellectual Property to any Third Party that would conflict in any material respect with the rights granted hereunder;

(d)     other than as set forth in this Agreement, MAP [***] in connection with MAP’s research, development and manufacturing of the Product, and consistent with the terms and intent of this Agreement;

(e)     MAP [***] to all right, title and interest, in, to under the MAP Licensed Intellectual Property incorporated in or used in Manufacturing Product;

(f)     to MAP’s knowledge, the Commercialization or Manufacture, use, sale, offering for sale, import, export and other exploitation of Product in the Field in the Territory (and Development in Canada, if applicable) [***] any Patent or other intellectual property rights of any Third Party;

(g)     to MAP’s knowledge, the issued Patents within the MAP Patent Rights in the Territory [***];

(h)     MAP has obtained [***] assignment of all right, title and interest in the MAP Device Patent Rights and the Product Specific Patent Rights in the Territory, [***] except as would not have a material adverse effect on Commercialization of Product;

 

40

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(i)     all applicable maintenance and renewal fees (including with respect to designation of small entity status) with respect to the MAP Patent Rights in the Territory have been paid and all documents, and certificates required to be filed for the purpose of maintaining such Patent Rights have been filed;

(j)     to MAP’s knowledge, all applicable [***] during prosecution by MAP of the MAP Patent Rights;

(k)     to MAP’s knowledge, no Third Party has asserted that any MAP Licensed Intellectual Property is invalid or not enforceable;

(l)     none of the MAP Device Patent Rights or the Product Specific Patent Rights and, to MAP’s knowledge, the Nektar Patent Rights, were developed with federal or state funding from any Governmental Authority such that any Governmental Authority has any march-in rights or other rights to use the MAP Licensed Intellectual Property in the Field in the Territory;

(m)     to MAP’s knowledge, no Third Party has infringed or misappropriated the MAP Licensed Intellectual Property;

(n)     the MAP Licensed Intellectual Property licensed hereunder constitutes all of the intellectual property rights Controlled by MAP that are [***] for ALLERGAN to Commercialize Product in the Field in the Territory;

(o)     Exhibit 1.34 sets forth a true and complete description of the Device;

(p)     a true and correct copy of the Nektar License, including all applicable amendments, have been provided to ALLERGAN, such License is in full force and effect pursuant to its written terms, and [***]; and

(q)     to MAP’s knowledge, MAP has complied in all material respects with all Applicable Laws in the prosecution and maintenance of the MAP Patent Rights in the Territory.

13.    N ON -S OLICITATION OF E MPLOYEES .

13.1    Non-Solicitation.   During the Term and for a period of [***] thereafter, neither Party shall, without the express written consent of the other Party, recruit, solicit or induce any employee of the other Party to terminate his or her employment with such other Party. The foregoing provision shall not, however, restrict either Party or its Affiliates from advertising employment opportunities in any manner that does not directly target the other Party or its Affiliates or from hiring any persons who respond to such generalized advertisements.

14.    M UTUAL I NDEMNIFICATION AND I NSURANCE .

14.1    MAP’s Right to Indemnification.    Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, ALLERGAN shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless MAP and its Affiliates, and their respective employees, officers, independent contractors, consultants or agents, and their

 

41

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


respective successors, heirs and assigns and representatives (the “MAP Indemnitees” ), from and against any and all claims, threatened claims, damages, losses, suits, proceedings, liabilities, costs (including without limitation reasonable legal expenses, costs of litigation and reasonable attorneys’ fees) or judgments, whether for money or equitable relief, of any kind ( “Losses and Claims” ), to the extent arising out of or relating to, directly or indirectly: (a) the negligence, recklessness or wrongful intentional acts or omissions of ALLERGAN, its Affiliates and/or its Sublicensees and its or their respective employees, officers, independent contractors, consultants or agents, in connection with ALLERGAN’s performance of its obligations or exercise of its rights under this Agreement; (b) any breach by ALLERGAN of any representation, warranty, covenant or obligation set forth in this Agreement; and/or (c) the Development and/or Commercialization (including without limitation promotion, advertising, offering for sale, sale or other disposition), transfer, importation or exportation, labeling, handling storage, use of, exposure to any Product actually conducted by or for ALLERGAN or any of its Affiliates, Sublicensees, agents and independent contractors (in each case, excluding any Development or Commercialization activities carried out by and/or on behalf of MAP hereunder); except in each such case for Losses and Claims to the extent reasonably attributable to any negligence, recklessness, willful misconduct or breach of this Agreement by MAP or a MAP Indemnitee.

14.2     ALLERGAN’s Right to Indemnification .   Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, MAP shall indemnify, defend and hold harmless ALLERGAN and its Affiliates, and their respective employees, officers, independent contractors, consultants or agents, and their respective successors, heirs and assigns and representatives (the “ALLERGAN Indemnitees” ), from and against any and all Losses and Claims, to the extent arising out of or relating to, directly or indirectly: (a) the negligence, recklessness or wrongful intentional acts or omissions of MAP, its Affiliates and/or its Sublicensees and its or their respective employees, officers, independent contractors, consultants or agents, in connection with MAP’s performance of its obligations or exercise of its rights under this Agreement; (b) any breach by MAP of any representation, warranty, covenant or obligation set forth in this Agreement; and/or (c) the Development and/or Commercialization (including without limitation promotion, advertising, offering for sale, sale or other disposition), transfer, importation or exportation, labeling, handling storage, use of, exposure to any Product actually conducted by or for MAP or any of its Affiliates, Sublicensees, agents and independent contractors (in each cases, excluding any Development or Commercialization activities carried out by and/or on behalf of ALLERGAN hereunder); (d) any allegation that the making, having made, use, sale, offering for sale, import or export of the Product violates, infringes upon, or misappropriates the intellectual property rights of any Third Party (provided, however, that MAP shall not be required to hold ALLERGAN harmless from [***] that are included in [***]; and (e) any [***] that personal injury or death, or any damage to any property, was caused or allegedly caused by a defect in any Product manufactured by or for MAP; except in each such case for Losses and Claims to the extent reasonably attributable to any negligence, recklessness, willful misconduct or breach of this Agreement by ALLERGAN or an ALLERGAN Indemnitee.

14.3     Process for Indemnification .   A Party’s obligation to defend, indemnify and hold harmless the other Party under this Article 14 shall be conditioned upon the following:

 

42

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(a)     A Party seeking indemnification under this Article 14 (the “Indemnitee” ) shall give prompt written notice of the claim to the other Party (the “Indemnitor” ). Failure to promptly notify the Indemnitor of any such claim shall not relieve the Indemnitor of any such duty to so indemnify except to the extent that the Indemnitor can demonstrate actual loss and prejudice as a result of such failure.

(b)     Each Party shall furnish promptly to the other Party copies of all papers and official documents received in respect of any Losses and Claims. Failure to promptly furnish the other Party with such papers and official documents shall not relieve the other Party of any duty to indemnify except to the extent that the other Party can demonstrate actual loss and prejudice as a result of such failure. The Indemnitee shall cooperate as requested by the Indemnitor in the defense against any Losses and Claims.

(c)     The Indemnitor shall have the right to assume and control the defense of the indemnification claim, including any settlement of such claim, at its own expense with counsel selected by the Indemnitor and reasonably acceptable to the Indemnitee. The Indemnitor shall not settle or compromise the indemnification claim in any manner which would have an adverse effect on the Indemnitee’s interests (including without limitation any rights under this Agreement or the Co-Promotion Agreement or the scope or enforceability of the MAP Patent Rights or MAP Know-How, or Confidential Information or Patent or other rights licensed to ALLERGAN by MAP hereunder), without the prior written consent of the Indemnitee, which consent, in each case, shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned. The Indemnitee shall reasonably cooperate with the Indemnitor at the Indemnitor’s expense and shall make available to the Indemnitor all pertinent information under the control of the Indemnitee.

(d)     The Indemnitor shall not be liable for any settlement or other disposition of Losses and Claims by the Indemnitee which is reached without the written consent of the Indemnitor.

14.4    Insurance .

(a)     During the Term and for [***] thereafter, ALLERGAN shall maintain, at its sole expense subject to Section 4.5 with respect to Allowable Development Expenses, such types and amounts of insurance coverage relating to Product liability (including without limitation, premises operations, completed operations and broad form contractual liability) that is comparable in type and amount to the insurance customarily maintained by pharmaceutical companies with respect to similar prescription pharmaceutical products that are marketed, distributed and sold in the Territory, and which names MAP as an additional insured Party, as its interests may appear.

(b)     During the Term and for [***] thereafter, MAP shall maintain, at its sole expense subject to Section 4.5 with respect to Allowable Development Expenses, such types and amounts of insurance coverage relating to Product liability (including without limitation, premises operations, completed operations and broad form contractual liability) and applicable clinical trial coverage, that is comparable in type and amount to the insurance customarily maintained by pharmaceutical companies with respect to similar prescription pharmaceutical

 

43

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


products that are marketed, distributed and sold in the Territory, and which names ALLERGAN as an additional insured Party, as its interests may appear.

15.    C ONFIDENTIALITY .

15.1     Confidentiality.    During the Term and for a period of [***] thereafter, each Party shall maintain in confidence all Information and materials of the other Party disclosed or provided to it by the other Party (either pursuant to this Agreement, or the Confidential Disclosure Agreement entered into by the Parties dated October 27, 2009 (the “ Confidential Disclosure Agreement ”)) (together with all embodiments thereof, the “Confidential Information” ). Confidential Information also includes Information generated hereunder, and Information regarding intellectual property and confidential or proprietary Information of Third Parties, in each case as described by one Party to the other Party. In addition and notwithstanding the foregoing, any Information under Article 10 constituting Inventions and discoveries owned by one Party shall be deemed to be Confidential Information disclosed by such Party and received by the other Party, even if such Information is initially generated and disclosed by the other Party. The terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Confidential Disclosure Agreement shall be deemed Confidential Information of both Parties.

15.2     Degree of Care; Permitted Use.   Each Party shall take reasonable steps to maintain the confidentiality of the Confidential Information of the other Party, which steps shall be no less protective than those steps that such Party takes to protect its own Confidential Information of a similar nature, and in no event less than a reasonable degree of care. Neither Party shall use or permit the use of any Confidential Information of the other Party except for the purposes of carrying out its obligations or exercising its rights under this Agreement or the Confidential Disclosure Agreement, and neither Party shall copy any Confidential Information of the other Party except as may be reasonably necessary or useful for such purposes. All Confidential Information of a Party, including without limitation all copies and derivations thereof, is and shall remain, as between the Parties, the sole and exclusive property of the disclosing Party and subject to the restrictions provided for herein. Neither Party shall disclose any Confidential Information of the other Party to Third Parties, other than to those of its directors, officers, Affiliates, employees, actual or potential licensors, independent contractors, actual or potential Sublicensees, actual or potential assignees, agents and external advisors directly involved in or concerned with the carrying out of this Agreement, on a strictly applied “need to know” basis; provided, however, that such persons and entities are subject to confidentiality and non-use obligations at least as stringent as the confidentiality and non-use obligations provided for in this Article 15. Except to the extent expressly permitted under this Agreement, the receiving Party may not use Confidential Information of the other Party in applying for Patents or securing other intellectual property rights without first consulting with, and obtaining the written approval of, the other Party (which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed or conditioned).

15.3     Exceptions.    The obligations of confidentiality and non-use set forth in Section 15.2 shall not apply to any portion of Confidential Information that the receiving Party can demonstrate by contemporaneous written records was: (a) known to the general public at the time of its disclosure to the receiving Party, or thereafter became generally known to the general

 

44

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


public, other than as a result of actions or omissions of the receiving Party or anyone to whom the receiving Party disclosed such portion; (b) known by the receiving Party prior to the date of disclosure by the disclosing Party; (c) disclosed to the receiving Party on an unrestricted basis from a source unrelated to the disclosing Party and not known by the receiving party to be under a duty of confidentiality to the disclosing Party; or (d) independently developed by the receiving Party by personnel that did not have access to or use of Confidential Information of the disclosing Party. Any combination of features or disclosures shall not be deemed to fall within the foregoing exclusions merely because individual features are published or known to the general public or in the rightful possession of the receiving Party unless the combination itself are published or known to the general public or are in the rightful possession of the receiving Party.

15.4     Permitted Disclosures.    The obligations of confidentiality and non-use set forth in Section 15.2 shall not apply to the extent that the receiving Party: (a) is required to disclose Information pursuant to: (i) an order of a court of competent jurisdiction; (ii) Applicable Laws; (iii) regulations or rules of a securities exchange; (iv) requirement of a governmental agency for purposes of obtaining approval to test or market Product; (v) disclosure of Information to a patent office for the purposes of filing a Patent as permitted in this Agreement; or (vi) the exercise by each Party of its rights granted to it under this Agreement or its retained rights; or (b) discloses such Confidential Information solely on a “need to know basis” to Affiliates, potential and future collaborators (including without limitation Sublicensees), potential or actual acquirers, merger partners, licensees, or assignees permitted under Section 18.2, potential or actual Development collaborators, subcontractors, investment bankers, investors, lenders, or other potential financial partners, and their respective directors, employees, contractors and agents, provided that such Third Party or person or entity in subsection (b) agrees to confidentiality and non-use obligations with respect thereto at least as stringent as those specified for in this Article 15; provided that, in the case of (a)(i) through (iv), the receiving Party shall provide prior written notice thereof to the disclosing Party and use reasonable efforts to provide the opportunity for the disclosing Party to review and comment on such required disclosure and request confidential treatment thereof or a protective order therefor.

15.5     Return of Confidential Information.    Each Party shall return or destroy, at the other Party’s instruction, all Confidential Information of the other Party in its possession upon termination or expiration of this Agreement, or destroy such Confidential Information; provided, however, that each Party shall be entitled to retain one (1) copy of such Confidential Information of the other Party, (a) to the extent reasonably required to allow the relevant Party to carry out any remaining obligations under this Agreement or the Co-Promotion Agreement or to exercise any of its rights that expressly survive termination or expiration of this Agreement or the Co-Promotion Agreement, and (b) for legal archival purposes and/or as may be required by Applicable Law. The receiving Party shall provide a written confirmation of such destruction within thirty (30) days of such destruction.

15.6     Public Disclosure.   The Parties agree that the initial public announcement of the execution of this Agreement shall be in the form of the Press Release that describes the nature and scope of the collaboration including its aggregate value, attached to this Agreement as Exhibit 1.96. Unless otherwise required by Applicable Laws, during the Term, in all cases other

 

45

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


than the announcement set forth in the Press Release, each Party shall submit to the other Party for review and approval all proposed press releases, academic, scientific, and medical publications and public presentations relating to activities performed under this Agreement that have not been previously reviewed and approved or disclosed. Such review and approval shall be conducted for the purposes of preserving intellectual property protection and determining whether any portion of the proposed publication or presentation containing the Confidential Information of MAP should be modified or deleted, and to determine whether such disclosure is in the best interests of the Parties in connection with the Development of Product in the Field in the Territory. Written copies of such proposed publications and presentations (other than press releases) shall be submitted to the other Party no later than [***] before submission for publication or presentation, and the receiving Party shall provide written comments, if any, within [***] of receipt. Unless otherwise required by Applicable Laws, written copies of proposed press releases shall be submitted to the other Party no later than [***] before release and the receiving Party shall provide written comments, if any, within [***] of receipt.

16.    T ERM AND T ERMINATION .

16.1     Effective Date and Term .   The Term shall commence on the Effective Date and shall continue until the later of (a) December 31, 2025, and (b) the date that the last MAP Patent Right covering Product in the Territory expires, unless earlier terminated in accordance with Article 16 (the “Term” ).

16.2     Termination by ALLERGAN .

(a)       After the First Commercial Sale in the Field in the Territory, ALLERGAN shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at will upon one hundred eighty (180) days’ prior written notice.

(b)       After the receipt by MAP of a complete response letter (or its equivalent) for Product from the FDA which, notwithstanding Section 8.8, in ALLERGAN’s sole discretion made in good faith, would require actions by MAP that would be likely to result in either: (i) ALLERGAN incurring Development expenses estimated to be in excess of [***] to obtain Initial Indication Approval; or (ii) a delay in the Initial Indication Approval by more than [***] from receipt of such complete response letter (or its equivalent) for Product from the FDA, ALLERGAN shall have the right to terminate this Agreement at will upon written notice to MAP.

16.3     Termination by MAP .   If during the Term, ALLERGAN Commercializes a Competing Product in the Territory, MAP shall have the right to terminate the Agreement upon written notice.

16.4     Termination for Material Breach .    If either Party believes the other is in material breach of its obligations under this Agreement, it may give notice of such breach to the other Party, which Party shall have [***] in which to remedy such breach, or [***] in the case of material breach of any payment obligation hereunder. Such [***] period shall be extended in the case of a breach not capable of being remedied in such [***] period so long as the breaching Party uses diligent efforts to remedy such breach and is pursuing a course of action that, if

 

46

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


successful, will effect such a remedy; provided, however, that such cure period shall not be extended more than [***]. If such alleged breach is not remedied or is not capable of being remedied within the period set forth above, the nonbreaching Party shall be entitled, without prejudice to any of its other rights conferred on it by this Agreement, and in addition to any other remedies available to it by law or in equity, to terminate this Agreement upon written notice to the other Party. In the event of a dispute regarding any payments due and owing hereunder, all undisputed amounts shall be paid when due and the balance, if any, shall be paid promptly after settlement of the dispute including any accrued interest thereon.

16.5     Challenge.    MAP shall have the right to terminate this Agreement immediately upon written notice if ALLERGAN challenges the validity, scope or enforceability of or otherwise opposes any Patent included in the MAP Patent Rights. If a Sublicensee of ALLERGAN challenges the validity, scope or enforceability of or otherwise opposes any Patent included in the MAP Patent Rights under which such Sublicensee is sublicensed, then ALLERGAN shall, upon written notice from MAP, terminate such sublicense. ALLERGAN shall include provisions in all agreements under which a Third Party obtains a license under any Patent included in the MAP Patent Rights providing that if the Sublicensee challenges the validity or enforceability of or otherwise oppose any such Patent under which the Sublicensee is sublicensed, ALLERGAN may terminate such sublicense. In the event that all or any portion of this Section 16.6 is invalid, illegal or unenforceable, then the Parties will use reasonable efforts to replace the invalid, illegal or unenforceable provision(s) with valid, legal and enforceable provision(s).

16.6     Consequences of Termination .   In the event that either Party terminates this Agreement, then as of the effective date of such termination, the following terms and conditions shall apply:

(a)       The license granted in Article 2 shall terminate immediately and all rights with respect thereto shall revert in their entirety to MAP;

(b)       The Co-Promotion Agreement shall automatically terminate upon termination of this Agreement; and

(c)       ALLERGAN shall transfer to MAP, subject to the provisions of Section 15.5, all materials, results, analyses, reports, websites, marketing materials, technology, know-how and other Information in whatever form developed, controlled or generated as of the Effective Date of such termination by or on behalf of ALLERGAN, its Affiliates or Sublicensees with respect to Product.

16.7     Surviving Obligations.    Upon termination of this Agreement, the Parties shall remain obligated to make all payments which have accrued under this Agreement prior to the date of termination, when and as they become due and payable. In addition, the provisions in Article 1 (Definitions), Section 8.7 (Withholding), Article 9 (Record Retention and Audits), Section 10.1 (Existing Intellectual Property), Article 10.2 (Ownership of Inventions), Section 10.5(a) (Notice of Third Party Infringement Claims), Section 10.6(a) (notice of potential infringement), Article 12 (Representations and Warranties), Article 13 (Non-Solicitation of Employees), Article 14 (Mutual Indemnification and Insurance), Article 15 (Confidentiality),

 

47

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Section 16.6 (Consequences of Termination), Section 16.7 (Surviving Obligations), Section 16.8 (Accrued Rights, Surviving Obligations), Article 17 (Limitation of Liability and Exclusion of Damages; Disclaimer of Warranty), Section 18.5 (Notices), Section 18.7 (Waiver), Section 18.11 (Governing Law), Section 18.12 (Dispute Resolution; Exclusive Dispute Resolution Mechanism) of this Agreement shall survive termination of this Agreement for any reason.

16.8     Accrued Rights, Surviving Obligations.    Termination or expiration of this Agreement shall not relieve either Party from obligations that are expressly indicated to survive termination or expiration of the Agreement. Termination by a Party shall not be an exclusive remedy and all other remedies will be available to the terminating Party, in equity and at law.

16.9     Rights in Bankruptcy.    All rights and licenses granted under or pursuant to this Agreement by MAP or ALLERGAN are, and shall otherwise be deemed to be, for purposes of Section 365(n) of the United States Bankruptcy Code, licenses of right to “intellectual property” as defined under Section 91 of the United States Bankruptcy Code. The Parties agree that the Parties, as licensees of such rights under this Agreement, shall retain and may fully exercise all of their rights and elections under the United States Bankruptcy Code. The Parties further agree that, in the event of the commencement of a bankruptcy proceeding by or against either Party under the United States Bankruptcy Code, the Party that is not a party to such proceeding shall be entitled to a complete duplicate of (or complete access to, as appropriate) any such intellectual property and all embodiments of such intellectual property, which, if not already in the non-subject Party’s possession, shall be promptly delivered to it (a) upon any such commencement of a bankruptcy proceeding upon the non-subject Party’s written request therefor, unless the Party subject to such proceeding elects to continue to perform all of its obligations under this Agreement or (b) if not delivered under clause (a) above, following the rejection of this Agreement by or on behalf of the Party subject to such proceeding upon written request therefor by the non-subject Party.

17.    L IMITATION OF L IABILITY AND E XCLUSION OF D AMAGES ; D ISCLAIMER OF W ARRANTY .

17.1     EXCEPT IN THE CASE OF A BREACH OF ARTICLE 15, AND WITHOUT LIMITING THE PARTIES’ OBLIGATIONS UNDER ARTICLE 14, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER PARTY FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF PROFITS, INTERRUPTION OR LOSS OF BUSINESS, OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS) ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR WITH RESPECT TO A PARTY’S PERFORMANCE OR NON-PERFORMANCE HEREUNDER.

17.2     EXCEPT AS EXPRESSLY PROVIDED IN THIS AGREEMENT, MAP PROVIDES NO WARRANTIES, WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, REGARDING PRODUCT, COMPOUND, OR THE DEVICE USED IN PRECLINICAL STUDIES OR CLINICAL TRIALS, AND MAP HEREBY DISCLAIMS ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, WHETHER WRITTEN OR ORAL, EXPRESS AND IMPLIED,

 

48

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, AND FREEDOM FROM INFRINGEMENT OF THIRD PARTY RIGHTS.

18.     M ISCELLANEOUS .

18.1     Agency.    Neither Party is, nor shall be deemed to be, an employee, agent, partner or co-venturer, or legal representative of the other Party for any purpose. Neither Party shall be entitled to enter into any contracts in the name of, or on behalf of the other Party, assume any obligations for the other Party or make any representations or warranties on behalf of that other Party, nor shall either Party be entitled to pledge the credit of the other Party in any way or hold itself out as having the authority to do so.

18.2     Assignment.    Neither this Agreement, nor any of the rights and obligations hereunder shall be assigned or, except as expressly permitted hereby, delegated, by any Party without the prior written consent of the other Party (which consent shall not be unreasonably withheld, delayed, or conditioned); provided, however, (i) the assignment of this Agreement by operation of law pursuant to a merger or consolidation of either Party with or into any Third Party shall, regardless of the identity of the surviving entity to such merger or consolidation, be permitted, (ii) either Party, without such consent, may assign its rights and delegate its obligations hereunder to an Affiliate thereof without obtaining such consent, provided that the assigning Party agrees to remain primarily liable for the full and timely performance by such Affiliate of all its obligations hereunder, and (iii) either Party, without such consent, may assign its rights and delegate its obligations hereunder to a successor entity or acquirer of such Party or of all or substantially all of such Party’s business to which this Agreement relates, provided that the assigning Party agrees to remain primarily liable for the full and timely performance by such assignee of all its obligations hereunder. This Agreement shall be binding upon and inure to the benefit of, the Parties and their respective successors and permitted assignees and the name of a Party appearing herein shall be deemed to include the names of such Party’s successor’s and permitted assigns to the extent necessary to carry out the intent of this Agreement. Any assignment not in accordance with this Section 18.2 shall be null and void.

18.3     Further Actions .    Each Party agrees to execute, acknowledge, and deliver such further instruments, and to do all such other acts, as may be reasonably necessary or appropriate in order to carry out the purposes and intent of this Agreement.

18.4     Force Majeure.    Neither Party shall be liable or responsible to the other Party for loss or damages, nor shall it have any right to terminate this Agreement for any default or delay attributable to any event beyond its reasonable control and without its fault or negligence, including but not limited to acts of God, acts of government (including injunctions), fire, flood, earthquake, strike, lockout, labor dispute, breakdown of plant, shortage of critical equipment, loss or unavailability of manufacturing facilities or material, casualty or accident, civil commotion, acts of public enemies, acts or terrorism or threat of terrorist acts, blockage or embargo and the like (a “Force Majeure Event” ); provided, however, that in each such case the Party affected shall use reasonable efforts to avoid such occurrence and to remedy it promptly.

 

49

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


The Party affected shall give prompt notice of any such cause to the other Party, which includes all relevant details of the occurrence, and an estimate of how long such Force Majeure event shall continue. The Party giving such notice shall thereupon be excused from such of its obligations hereunder as it is thereby disabled from performing for so long as it is so disabled and for thirty (30) days thereafter, and the Party receiving notice shall be similarly excused from its respective obligations which it is thereby disabled from performing; provided, however, that such affected Party commences and continues to take reasonable and diligent actions to cure such cause. If such Force Majeure Event continues for a period of one hundred and eighty (180) days, either Party may terminate the Agreement upon written notice. Notwithstanding the foregoing, nothing in this Section 18.4 shall excuse or suspend the obligation to make any payment due hereunder in the manner and at the time provided.

18.5     Notices.    All notices and other communications hereunder shall be in writing and shall be deemed given if delivered personally or by facsimile transmission (receipt verified), mailed by registered or certified mail (return receipt requested), postage prepaid, or sent by express courier service, to the Parties at the following addresses (or at such other address for a Party as shall be specified by like notice; provided that notices of a change of address shall be effective only upon receipt thereof):

 

        If to ALLERGAN, addressed to:

ALLERGAN, Inc.
  2525 Dupont Drive
  Irvine, California 92612
  Attn: [***]
  Facsimile: [***]
  Email: [***]

 

  With a copy to:

 

  Gibson, Dunn & Crutcher LLP
  1881 Page Mill Road
  Palo Alto, CA 94304
  Attention: Gregory T. Davidson, Esq.
  Facsimile: (650) 849-5333
  Email: gdavidson@gibsondunn.com

 

        If to MAP, addressed to:

MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
  2400 Bayshore Parkway, Suite 200
  Mountain View, California 94043
  Attention: [***]

Facsimile: [***]

  Email: [***]

18.6     Amendment.    No amendment, modification, or supplement of any provision of this Agreement shall be valid or effective unless made in writing and signed by a duly authorized officer of each Party.

 

50

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


18.7     Waiver.    No provision of this Agreement shall be waived by any act, omission or knowledge of a Party or its agents or employees except by an instrument in writing expressly waiving such provision and signed by a duly authorized officer of the waiving Party.

18.8     Counterparts.    This Agreement may be executed in two or more counterparts and by facsimile or other electronic transmission, each of which shall be deemed an original and when taken together shall constitute one and the same instrument.

18.9     Construction.    The descriptive headings of this Agreement are for convenience only, and shall be of no force or effect in construing or interpreting any of the provisions of this Agreement. Except where the context otherwise requires, wherever used the singular shall include the plural, the plural the singular, the use of any gender shall be applicable to all genders. The language of this Agreement shall be deemed to be the language mutually chosen by the Parties and no rule of strict construction shall be applied against either Party hereto.

18.10     Severability.    Whenever possible, each provision of this Agreement shall be interpreted in such manner as to be effective and valid under Applicable Laws, but, if any provision of this Agreement is held to be prohibited by or invalid under Applicable Laws or unenforceable by a court of competent jurisdiction, such provision shall be ineffective only to the extent of such prohibition or invalidity, without invalidating the remainder of this Agreement. In the event of such invalidity, the Parties shall seek to agree on an alternative enforceable provision that preserves the original purpose of this Agreement.

18.11     Governing Law.    This Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in accordance with the substantive laws of the State California without regard to its or any other jurisdiction’s choice of law rules that would result in the application of the laws of any state other than the State of California.

18.12     Dispute Resolution; Exclusive Dispute Resolution Mechanism.

(a)     Except to the extent that a Party may be entitled to provisional or preliminary relief and subject to MAP’s final decision making as set forth in Section 3.2(c), the Parties agree that the procedures set forth in this Section 18.12 shall be the exclusive mechanism for resolving any dispute, controversy, or claim (collectively, a “ Dispute ”) between the Parties or concerning this Agreement that may arise from time to time pursuant to this Agreement relating to any Party’s rights and/or obligations hereunder that cannot be resolved through good faith negotiation between the Parties.

(b)     In the event of any Dispute between the Parties, a Party shall provide the other Party written notice of such Dispute, including reasonable detail of all relevant facts and issues. If such Dispute remains unresolved [***]after such notice, the Dispute shall first be submitted to the Executives of each of the Parties, who shall promptly meet and discuss such Dispute. If such Executives do not resolve a Dispute within [***] after such submission, such Dispute, except with respect to any and all issues regarding the scope, construction, validity, and/or enforceability of Patents or Patent Applications (which shall be resolved by a court of

 

51

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


competent jurisdiction in the country issuing such Patent or in which such Patent Application is filed) shall be exclusively and finally resolved by binding arbitration.

(c)     Any arbitration concerning a Dispute shall be conducted in Los Angeles, California, United States of America, unless otherwise agreed to by the Parties in writing. The arbitration shall be conducted by JAMS pursuant to the then-current Comprehensive Arbitration Rules of JAMS. In the event of the Dispute involves a claim of less than or equal [***] (exclusive of interest and attorney fees and costs), the arbitration shall be conducted by a single arbitrator. In the event of a Dispute involving a claim of greater than [***], the arbitration shall be decided by a panel of three arbitrators, with one arbitrator selected by each Party and the third arbitrator (who shall be the Chairperson of the arbitration) being selected by the Party arbitrators. The sole arbitrator or Party-selected arbitrators, as applicable, shall be selected within [***] after receipt by the other Party of the filed Notice of Arbitration. The sole or third arbitrator, as applicable, shall be a retired or former district court or appellate court judge of any United States District Court or United States Court of Appeals. The sole arbitrator or Chairperson, as applicable, shall reasonably limit the discovery, including document requests, that may be permitted to the information most relevant to the Dispute, recognizing that the Parties have agreed to arbitration so that there will be a cost-effective resolution of the Dispute on an expedited basis. The Federal Rules of Evidence shall govern the admissibility of evidence during the arbitration. The arbitrator(s) will have no authority to award punitive or other damages not measured by the prevailing Party’s actual damages, except as may be authorized by Applicable Laws. The determination of the arbitrator(s) shall be final and binding on the Parties and a judgment on such award or determination may be entered in any court of competent jurisdiction and such judgment shall be final and non-appealable. The decision and award of the arbitrator(s) shall be in writing and accompanied by a reasoned opinion, setting forth the applicable facts and law supporting the decision, and shall be delivered within [***] following the conclusion of any arbitration.

(d)     Each Party shall bear its own costs and attorney’s fees (including expert fees and costs), and the Parties shall equally bear the fees, costs, and expenses of the (i) arbitration proceedings and (ii) sole arbitrator or Chairperson (in the event of a three-panel arbitration), as applicable; provided, however, that the arbitrator(s) may exercise discretion to award costs, including attorney’s fees and costs (including expert fees and costs), and the costs of the arbitration proceedings (including any arbitrator(s) fees and costs), to the prevailing Party.

18.13     Compliance with Applicable Laws.    Each Party will comply with all Applicable Laws, including, where applicable, then-current Good Laboratory Practices, and then-current Good Manufacturing Practices, and then-current Good Clinical Practices, in performing its obligations and exercising its rights hereunder, including without limitation the performance of activities connected with the Development, manufacture, and Commercialization (as applicable) of Product under this Agreement. Nothing in this Agreement shall be deemed to permit ALLERGAN to export, re-export or otherwise transfer any Information transferred hereunder or Product manufactured therefrom without complying with Applicable Laws.

18.14     Divestitures.    Notwithstanding any other provision of this Agreement, in no event shall ALLERGAN or any of its Affiliates be required to (i) agree or proffer to divest or

 

52

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


hold separate (in a trust or otherwise), or take any other action with respect to, any of the assets or businesses of ALLERGAN or any of its Affiliates, or (ii) enter into any agreement that in any way limits the ownership or operation of any business of ALLERGAN or any of its Affiliates.

18.15     Entire Agreement.    This Agreement, the Co-Promotion Agreement and the Exhibits, schedules and other attachments hereto, constitute and contain the complete, final and exclusive understanding and agreement of the Parties, and cancel and supersede any and all prior and contemporaneous negotiations, correspondence, understandings and agreements, whether oral or written, between the Parties respecting the subject matter hereof, and neither Party shall be liable or bound to any other Party in any manner by any representations, warranties, covenants, or agreements except as specifically set forth herein or therein. Nothing in this Agreement, express or implied, is intended to confer upon any Party, other than the Parties and their respective successors and assigns, any rights, remedies, obligations, or liabilities under or by reason of this Agreement, except as expressly provided herein.

[Signature Page Follows]

 

53

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


In Witness Whereof , the Parties have as of the Effective Date duly executed this Agreement.

 

ALLERGAN, INC.     MAP PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:   /s/ David E.I. Pyott     By:   /s/ Timothy S. Nelson
Name:   David E.I. Pyott     Name:   Timothy S. Nelson
Title:   Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer     Title:   President and CEO
ALLERGAN USA, INC.    
By:   /s/ David E.I. Pyott      
Name:   David E.I. Pyott      
Title:   Chief Executive Officer      
ALLERGAN SALES, LLC    
By:   /s/ David E.I. Pyott      
Name:   David E.I. Pyott      
Title:   Chief Executive Officer      

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.7

ALLERGAN TRADEMARKS*

 

1. ALLERGAN

 

2. ALLERGAN & logo

 

* ALLERGAN Trademarks may be updated by ALLERGAN from time to time and must be approved by ALLERGAN prior to use in connection with any Product or any Promotional Materials.

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.29

CO-PROMOTION AGREEMENT

(See Attached)

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.34

DEVICE

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.35

DIHYDROERGOTAMINE

Structural Formula

[***]

Molecular Formula

[***]

Relative Molecular Mass

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.63(a)

MAP PATENT RIGHTS: [***]

[***]

 

Country   Filing Date   Serial No.   Issue Date   Patent No.   Status

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.63(b)

MAP PATENT RIGHTS: [***]

[***]

 

Country   Filing Date   Serial No.   Issue Date   Patent No.   Status

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.63(c)

MAP PATENT RIGHTS: [***]

[***]

 

Country   Filing Date   Serial No.   Issue Date   Patent No.   Status

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.67

MAP TRADEMARKS

 

Mark   Serial No.   Registration
No.
  Country   Class   Status

[***]

 

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.96

PRESS RELEASE

(See Attached)

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 1.113

SHARED EXPENSES

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 6.2( B )

SIGNING DATE TRX FORECAST

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT 8.3

EXAMPLE OF PROFIT SHARE CALCULATION UNDER SECTION 8.3

Examples (the following table is for illustration purposes only and makes no representation to the accuracy of the assumptions):

In accordance with Section 8.5, the Distributable Loss or Distributable Profit Report shall include a statement of any amount owed by one Party to the other Party (“ Net Payment ”), to be determined and illustrated as follows:

(i) If the Distributable Profit is greater than zero (0), MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to ALLERGAN Shared Expenses plus fifty percent (50%) of the Distributable Profit. For example:

 

             MAP                 ALLERGAN                 Total          

Net Sales

   $ 800      $ 0      $ 800   

Shared Expenses

     (300     (200     (500
                        

Total Distributable Profit/(Loss) Before Net Payment Adjustment

   $ 500      $ (200   $ 300   
                        

 

Payment of ALLERGAN Shared Expenses

     $             200      

Payment of 50% of Total Distributable
Profit (300 x .50)

       150      
                   

Net Payment from MAP to ALLERGAN

     (350     350      
                   

Total Distributable Profit After Net Payment
Adjustment

   $             150      $ 150       $             300   
                         

(ii) If the Distributable Profit is equal to zero, MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to the ALLERGAN Shared Expenses. For example:

 

             MAP                 ALLERGAN                 Total          

Net Sales

   $ 800      $ 0      $ 800   

Shared Expenses

     (500     (300     (800
                        

Total Distributable Profit/(Loss) Before Net Payment
Adjustment

   $ 300      $ (300   $ 0   
                        

Payment of ALLERGAN Shared Expenses

            300     

 

66

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


                   

Net Payment from MAP to ALLERGAN

     (300     300      
                   

Total Distributable Profit After Net Payment
Adjustment

   $             0      $             0       $             0   
                         

(iii) If there is Distributable Loss, and:

A.      If the MAP Operating Loss is greater than the ALLERGAN Shared Expenses, then ALLERGAN shall pay to MAP an amount equal to the difference between 50% of the Distributable Loss and the ALLERGAN Shared Expense. For Example:

MAP Operating Loss > ALLERGAN Shared Expenses

                           $300 > $200

 

             MAP                 ALLERGAN                 Total          

Net Sales

   $ 400      $ 0      $ 400   

Shared Expenses

     (700     (200     (900
                        

Total Distributable Loss Before Net Payment Adjustment

   $ (300   $ (200   $ (500
                        

Difference Between:

      

50% of Total Distributable Loss (500 x .50), and

   $ 250       

ALLERGAN Shared Expenses

     200       
                  

Net Payment from ALLERGAN to MAP

     50        (50  
                  

Total Distributable Loss After Net Payment Adjustment

   $ (250   $ (250   $ (500
                        

B.      If the MAP Operating Loss is less than the ALLERGAN Shared Expenses, then MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to the difference between 50% of the Distributable Loss and the ALLERGAN Shared Expenses. For Example:

MAP Operating Loss < ALLERGAN Shared Expenses

                           $200 < $300

 

             MAP                 ALLERGAN                 Total          

Net Sales

   $ 400      $ 0      $ 400   

Shared Expenses

     (600     (300     (900
                        

Total Distributable Loss Before Net Payment Adjustment

   $ (200   $ (300   $ (500
                        

Difference Between:

 

67

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


50% of Total Distributable Loss (500 x .50), and

     $ 250     

ALLERGAN Shared Expenses

            300     
                  

Net Payment from MAP to ALLERGAN

     (50     50     
                  

Total Distributable Loss After Net Payment Adjustment

   $             (250   $             (250   $             (500
                        

C.      If there is a MAP Operating Profit, then MAP shall pay to ALLERGAN an amount equal to the difference between 50% of the Distributable Loss and the ALLERGAN Shared Expenses. For Example:

 

             MAP                 ALLERGAN                 Total          

Net Sales

   $ 600      $ 0      $ 600   

Shared Expenses

     (400     (300     (700
                        

Total Distributable Loss Before Net Payment Adjustment

   $ 200      $ (300   $ (100
                        

Difference Between:

      

50% of Total Distributable Loss (100 x .50), and

     $ 50     

ALLERGAN Shared Expenses

       300     
                  

Net Payment from MAP to ALLERGAN

     (250     250     
                  

Total Distributable Loss After Net Payment Adjustment

   $ (50   $ (50   $ (100
                        

 

68

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


CONFIDENTIAL

EXHIBIT 8.5

EXAMPLE OF NET SALES CALCULATION

[***]

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

EXHIBIT 10.56

CO-PROMOTION AGREEMENT

This Co-Promotion Agreement (this “ Agreement ”) is made and entered into effective as of January 28, 2011, by and between MAP Pharmaceuticals, Inc. , a Delaware corporation having an address at 2400 Bayshore Parkway, Suite 200, Mountain View, California 94043 (“ MAP ”), and ALLERGAN USA, Inc. , a Delaware corporation having an address at 2525 Dupont Drive, Irvine, California 92612 (“ ALLERGAN ”). MAP and ALLERGAN are sometimes referred to herein individually as a “ Party ” and collectively as the “ Parties .”

RECITALS

WHEREAS, ALLERGAN and MAP have entered into a Collaboration Agreement dated January 28, 2011 (the “ Collaboration Agreement ”);

WHEREAS, the Collaboration Agreement grants ALLERGAN certain co-exclusive rights to Commercialize Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Territory; and

WHEREAS, the Parties desire for MAP and ALLERGAN to Commercialize Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory pursuant to the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement.

NOW, THEREFORE, in consideration of the foregoing promises and the mutual representations, warranties, covenants and agreements contained herein and in the Collaboration Agreement, and other good and valuable consideration, the receipt and sufficiency of which are hereby acknowledged, the Parties agree as follows:

ARTICLE 1

DEFINITIONS

1.1    Definitions .  All capitalized terms not otherwise defined herein shall have the meaning given to them in the Collaboration Agreement. The following terms shall have the meanings set forth next to them when used in this Agreement:

(a)    “ Co-Promotion Territory ” means the United States of America.

(b)    “ DDMAC ” means the Division of Drug Marketing, Advertising and Communication of the FDA.

(c)    “ Deficiency ” means, for any Deficient Quarter, with respect to the applicable Party, the percentage calculated using the following formula: ((A-B)/A), where A is the minimum number of PDEs assigned to such Party under the Collaboration Agreement or any then-current, mutually agreed upon Commercialization Plan for such Calendar Quarter, and B is

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


the number of PDEs actually delivered by the Sales Force of such Party during such Calendar Quarter.

(d)    “ Deficient Quarter ” means, with respect to a Party, the Calendar Quarter during which the Sales Force of such Party delivered fewer PDEs than the minimum number of PDEs assigned to such Party for such Calendar Quarter under the Collaboration Agreement or any then-current, mutually agreed upon Commercialization Plan.

(e)     “FD&C Act ” means the United States Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act, as amended from time to time (21 U.S.C. Section 301 et seq.), together with any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

(f)    “ Initial Three-Year Period ” means the three (3) year period immediately following First Commercial Sale.

(g)    “ Labeling ” means (i) the FDA full prescribing information for Product in the Field, including any required patient information, and (ii) all labels and other written, printed or graphic matter upon any container, wrapper or any package insert or outsert utilized with or for Product in the Field.

(h)    “ PDMA ” means the Prescription Drug Marketing Act of 1987, as amended from time to time, together with any rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.

(i)    “ Promotion Related Activities ” means lunches, snacks, dinners, entertainment, or medically related gifts for health care professionals with prescribing authority used to promote Product to such persons. For purposes of this Agreement, Promotion Related Activities expressly excludes conference or convention participation, continuing medical education programs, grants, paid speaker programs, symposiums and entertainment.

(j)    “ Samples ” means quantities of Product given to authorized medical professionals for no or minimal consideration as part of the marketing, advertising and promotion of Product.

(k)    “ Training Materials ” means the items the JCC develops or approves after the Effective Date to train persons to promote Product in the Co-Promotion Territory.

ARTICLE 2

CO-PROMOTION RIGHTS AND OBLIGATIONS

2.1    Co-Promotion Right .  As set forth herein and in the Collaboration Agreement, the Parties have the right and obligation to jointly Commercialize Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory.

2.2    Performance .  The Parties, through the JCC, will be responsible for the day-to-day Commercialization activities for Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory. Subject to the terms of this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement, the Parties shall have the right and responsibility to field personnel and take actions related to

 

2

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Commercializing Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory during the Term, including the following:

(a)    Each Party shall perform its respective obligations under this Agreement, the Collaboration Agreement and the Commercialization Plan.

(b)    Following receipt of Regulatory Approval of the Initial Indication in the Co-Promotion Territory, each Party shall use its Commercially Reasonable Efforts to Commercialize Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory and shall fulfill its obligations under this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement. The Parties shall deploy each of their respective Sales Forces in an effort to Commercialize Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory in accordance with the Commercialization Plan in effect from time to time, the directions of the JCC, and the terms of this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement.

(c)    Exhibit A to this Agreement sets forth the calculations of the following items which shall be incorporated into the initial Commercialization Plan: minimum Calendar Quarter PDE requirements; PDE Rate; Calendar Quarter PDE expenses at PDE minimums; and Calendar Quarter PDE caps. Upon mutual written agreement of the Parties, the items and calculations may be adjusted for purposes of preparing any new Commercialization Plans. In no event shall a Party be entitled to include as a Shared Expense or in the calculation of Net Sales, or otherwise be entitled to reimbursement for, any PDE Cost amount in excess of the Calendar Quarter PDE caps set forth on Exhibit A (as may be amended from time to time). Upon the adjustment of the PDE ratios as provided in the definition of “PDE”, the Parties shall mutually agree upon appropriate and equitable adjustments in the calculations of the items on Exhibit A to reflect such changes.

(d)    In implementing the obligations contained in this Agreement, each Party shall [***] (which shall not be inconsistent with the Commercialization Plan, this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement, and provided that neither Party will utilize any Promotional Materials not approved by the JCC) in which it promotes and Details (including any expenditure of funds in connection therewith) Product in the Co-Promotion Territory.

(e)    Neither Party shall distribute or have distributed any information that bears the name or logo of the other Party without the prior approval of the other through the JSC or the JCC, which approval shall not be unreasonably withheld, conditioned or delayed.

2.3    Joint Commercialization Activities .  Subject to the requirements set forth in the Collaboration Agreement and the then-current Commercialization Plan, each Party shall be responsible for performing Commercialization activities as described below:

(a)     Commercialization Plan .  In addition to those items set forth in Article 6 of the Collaboration Agreement and subject to the minimum obligations set forth herein and in the Collaboration Agreement, the Commercialization Plan shall specify with respect to Commercialization to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory:

i.    Promotional Materials to be used;

 

3

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


ii.    Subject to the minimum requirements set forth herein and in the Collaboration Agreement, the number of PDEs that each Party and each respective Sales Force representative must perform in each Calendar Year;

iii.    Detailing strategy and obligations of the Parties on a Calendar Year basis, including (a) the “call plan” size (i.e., the number of Physician Targets to be called on by each Sales Force representative); (b) identification and prioritization of Physician Targets by deciles; (c) reach and frequency expectations for the Physician Targets in each Calendar Period; and (d) the number and position of PDEs for Product to be performed in each Calendar Year;

iv.    the reporting obligations of the Parties and their Sales Force representatives with respect to the performance of their Commercialization activities under this Agreement, including the recording of Detailing activity by Sales Force representatives, the review by Sales Force representatives of the activities of their counterparts on the other Party’s Sales Force, and the hardware, software and other information technology to be used therefor;

v.     sales forecasts for Product on a Calendar Quarter basis (or more frequently if so determined by the Parties);

vi.    compensation packages for sales representatives including incentive compensation;

vii.    Product pricing strategy and managed care and reimbursement plans;

viii.   budget for such activities; and

ix.    such other plans relating to Commercialization as the Parties deems necessary or appropriate.

(b)     Sales Forces .  The Commercialization Plan will set forth in reasonable detail all material matters related to Sales Force activities with respect to Product to Physician Targets in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory. Subject to and in accordance with the provisions of this Agreement, the Collaboration Agreement and the Commercialization Plan, each Party shall:

i.    be solely responsible for recruiting, hiring, managing, maintaining, disciplining, firing, compensating (including paying for all benefits, wages, special incentives, workers’ compensation, and employment taxes) and otherwise controlling its respective Sales Force and for paying for any and all costs associated with its Sales Force’s efforts;

ii.    provide the day-to-day management of its Sales Force, including, without limitation, furnishing administrative support, financial resources, equipment, and supplies, monitoring detail reporting and Sample accounting, and assuring the Sales

 

4

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Force’s understanding and compliance with this Agreement, the Collaboration Agreement, the Commercialization Plan and Applicable Laws;

iii.    utilize its Commercially Reasonable Efforts to deploy its Sales Force to Commercialize to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory during the Term, after Regulatory Approval has been received for the Initial Indication for Product in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory; and

iv.    for the avoidance of doubt, at all times be obligated to meet such Party’s minimum obligations as set forth in the Collaboration Agreement.

(c)     Training .  The Parties shall establish procedures for jointly training sales personnel and for preparation of Training Materials related to Commercialization of Product to Target Physicians in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory. In addition, the Parties shall be responsible for preparing all sales Training Materials with regard to Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory, such training to include a reasonable proficiency examination. Both Parties agree to utilize only sales Training Materials that have been approved by each Party’s respective legal and regulatory departments. Training shall include a home study period and an initial classroom-setting training program, which shall include medical and technical information about use of Product in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory. The Parties shall direct which personnel shall receive training on the use of Product in the Field and which Party shall perform the training. Only personnel who have passed the proficiency examination with a minimum [***] proficiency are qualified to Commercialize Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory. The Parties shall share training costs as set forth in the Collaboration Agreement. The Parties acknowledge that their respective Sales Forces must be trained, qualified and ready to launch, Commercialize and Detail Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory on the date of launch as specified in the then-current Commercialization Plan; provided that such date shall be no later than the date specified for such Party in the Collaboration Plan.

(d)     Sales Force Meetings .  The Parties will work together to coordinate the timing and location of Sales Force meetings regarding Product. The Parties shall have at least one (1) joint national sales meeting per Calendar Year. If such national sales meeting involves products other than Product, ALLERGAN shall not have the right to participate in those sections that specifically relate to the other MAP products, and MAP shall not have the right to participate in those sections that specifically relate to the other ALLERGAN products. The Parties shall share Sales Force meeting costs as set forth in the Collaboration Agreement.

(e)     Sales Territories .  The sales territories, sales districts, and sales regions for the [***] sales territories, sales districts and sales regions for [***]. If [***] its territories, sales districts or sales regions [***] shall in good faith consider the [***], but shall not be obligated to [***] for each state, territory, possession and protectorate within the [***].

(f)     Samples .  The Parties shall determine the appropriate level of and process for Product sampling. MAP shall supply all Samples, the costs and expenses of which are included in Shared Expenses, subject to the provisions of the Collaboration Agreement. Each

 

5

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Party will transport, store, handle and distribute all Samples, as may be determined by the Parties, in compliance with Applicable Laws and with the procedures established by the JCC.

(g)     Compensation .

i.    Each Party shall use its Commercially Reasonable Efforts to ensure that variable pay components of its compensation structure, including but not limited to incentives (“ Incentive Compensation ”), for its Sales Force with responsibility for Commercializing Product are consistent with practices used for other similar products. To facilitate the determination of Product incentives, the Parties will work together to coordinate annual sales plans.

ii.    In furtherance of and without limiting the foregoing, MAP shall allocate [***] of Sales Force Incentive Compensation to Product for the shorter of [***], and [***].

iii.    Notwithstanding anything contained in this Agreement or in the Collaboration Agreement, ALLERGAN will allocate [***] of ALLERGAN Sales Force Incentive Compensation to Product [***].

(h)     Promotion of Other Products .  Subject to the provisions of this Agreement, while this Agreement is in effect, each Party has the right to have its Sales Force Detail products other than Product in any detail positions not reserved by the Parties for Product. [***] .

(i)     Product Complaints .  The Parties will establish appropriate procedures for handling and reporting of Product complaints.

(j)     Medical Inquiries .  The Parties will establish appropriate procedures for dealing with medical inquiries related to Product.

(k)     Managed Care .  The Parties shall coordinate activities with respect to Product across managed care market segments in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory including: (i) contract strategy, (ii) contract creation; (iii) government reporting, rebate processing, calculations and pricing schedules; (iv) contract compliance, monitoring and audits; (v) contract administration and claims processing; and (vi) all other matters related to managed care. [***] to Detail or otherwise Commercialize Product to any Physician Targets or to any contracting agents, medical directors, formulary decision makers, benefit managers, or administrators (even if such persons are health care professionals legally authorized to prescribe Product) of a managed care organization (e.g., health maintenance organization, prescription benefits manager, insurance company, or similar entity), government-funded insurance or medical program, or employer. All Product Commercialization and contracting activities with managed care entities will be conducted by the designated Party.

(l)     Conflicts Between Agreements .  For the avoidance of doubt and notwithstanding any provision contained herein, in the Collaboration Agreement, or in the then-applicable Commercialization Plan, the minimum obligations set forth in any Commercialization

 

6

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Plan shall equal or exceed the minimum obligations of the Parties, respectively, set forth in this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement, unless expressly agreed upon in a written document signed by both Parties. In the event of any discrepancy between this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement, on the one hand, and any Commercialization Plan, on the other, the terms and conditions of this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement (taking into account the provisions of Section 7.1 hereof) shall control.

2.4    Consequences of Failure to Perform Required PDEs .

(a)     Detail Deficiencies .  For any Deficient Quarter or Deficient Quarters in which a Party’s Sales Force delivers fewer than [***] of the minimum PDEs assigned to it under the Collaboration Agreement or in the then-current, mutually agreed upon Commercialization Plan for such Calendar Quarter or Calendar Quarters:

i.    If a Party fails to perform at least [***]of the aggregate minimum required PDEs for Product for the then-current Calendar Quarter, but performs at least [***] of such required PDEs, then the Party shall be entitled to carry such PDE Deficiencies forward to the following Calendar Quarter. Deficiencies that are carried forward to the next Calendar Quarter shall be included in the calculation of the PDEs assigned in the successive Calendar Quarters, until satisfied in full.

ii.    If a Party fails to perform at least [***] of the aggregate minimum required PDEs for Product for the then-current Calendar Quarter, then the other Party shall be entitled to a credit equal to the difference between [***] of the minimum required PDEs and the actual PDEs performed, such number of PDEs then multiplied by [***], which shall be credited to the other Party’s share of Distributable Profit or Distributable Loss.

(b)    If either Party is more than [***] Deficient in [***], then such Party will be deemed to have not used Commercially Reasonable Efforts in Commercializing Product and the other Party shall have the right to terminate this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement upon written notice; provided, that any such termination shall not affect the right of the Party terminating the Agreement from pursuing any and all other remedies that may be available to it.

(c)    Each Party shall be entitled to audit the records of the other Party (as well as the records of the other Party’s subcontractors) to verify such other Party’s delivery of PDEs under this Agreement pursuant to the audit provisions of the Collaboration Agreement.

2.5    Promotional Materials .

(a)    The Parties shall establish a tracking system for Promotional Materials to ensure that all such Promotional Materials are accurately tracked and submitted to the FDA. MAP will file all Promotional Materials with the FDA if, and as required, by FDA regulations. According to the agreed Commercialization Plan the JCC shall oversee the development and production of all written, printed, electronic and graphic promotional materials including all product labels and inserts to be used by the Parties. Both Parties agree to utilize only

 

7

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Promotional Materials that have been approved by each Party’s respective legal and regulatory departments.

(b)    The Parties shall not create, develop or distribute any sales, promotional content or other similar materials (including Labeling) relating to Product for Commercialization to Target Physicians in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory except as set forth in this Section. All oral communications that the Parties or its Sales Force has with Third Parties relating to Product shall conform to the pre-approved talking points (which shall be the same for the Sales Force of both Parties) as recommended by the JCC and shall be subject to review by the JSC.

2.6    Cessation of Use of Materials .  If the Party responsible for Training Material, Promotional Material or Samples informs the JCC in writing that a Training Material, Promotional Material, or Sample may no longer be used or distributed, each Party agrees that it will not allow its Sales Force to use or distribute such Training Material, Promotional Material, or Sample after the no-use date identified by the responsible Party in its notice.

ARTICLE 3

SALES AND EXPENSES

3.1    Sales and Distribution .  Through the JCC, the Parties will establish the terms and conditions with respect to the Commercialization of Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory, including, without limitation, [***].

3.2    Sales Budget .  As set forth in the Collaboration Agreement, Sales Force members shall be reimbursed at an FTE Rate equal to [***] per FTE, which amount may be subject to change from time to time during the Term upon mutual agreement of the Parties.

ARTICLE 4

OPERATING PROCEDURES

4.1    Exchange of Information .

(a)     Exchange of Information Generally .  Each Party shall provide the other Party with such information as the other Party may reasonably request during the Term in order to support the requesting Party’s Sales Force’s Commercialization and Detailing of Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory. During the Term and subject to the provisions of this Agreement, each Party will provide the other with all information that the disclosing Party reasonably deems significant and relevant to the Commercialization and Detailing of Product to Physician Targets for use in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory within a reasonable time after such information becomes known to the Party; provided, however, that such information is not received from an independent Third Party under a confidentiality obligation. The JCC shall establish reasonable procedures for monitoring of Sales Force activities to ensure that each Party is complying with its obligations under this Agreement.

 

8

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(b)     Electronic Reporting .  The Parties shall utilize an electronic sales force automation system for data collection and data management consistent with industry standard practices to produce reports and analyses of their respective Sales Force’s activities and Product performance with Physician Targets in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory. The Parties shall provide an electronic call reporting system to each member of their respective Sales Force. The deployed system shall be in compliance with Applicable Laws. Each Sales Force member shall produce detailed electronic notes following each Detail. Each Sales Force member shall be responsible for Detail planning and Detail routing, using sales data to plan, monitor and measure territory performance, as well as reporting useful marketing information obtained for Product in the Co-Promotion Territory, [***]. Within thirty (30) days after the end of each calendar month, the Parties will share reports summarizing Sales Force activity collected from such electronic call reporting system(s) in the prior calendar month. Specific reportable information shall at a minimum include: (i) total number of PDEs reported for each Sales Force member, by month, by Calendar Quarter and year-to-date; (ii) aggregate PDEs by month, by Calendar Quarter and year-to-date to each unique member of Physician Targets; and (iii) roll-up of each Party’s monthly, Calendar Quarter and year-to-date aggregate PDEs versus the monthly, by Calendar Quarter and year-to-date goal as specified in the then-current Commercialization Plan. Such information shall be reported in a Microsoft Excel electronic file format or such other format as reasonably agreed by the Parties.

(c)     Other Reporting .  The Parties shall report to each other all information necessary to permit each Party to make timely reports as required by any governmental regulatory agency regarding Product. Each Party shall promptly communicate to the other Party all comments, statements, requests and inquiries of the medical profession or any other Third Parties relating to Product in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory that are out of the ordinary, or not covered by the Labeling, of which such Party becomes aware. All responses to such inquiries of the medical profession or such other Third Parties within the Co-Promotion Territory shall be handled as designated by the JCC. The Parties shall refer all medical inquiries concerning Product in the Field and all quality complaints within the Co-Promotion Territory to a designated address and/or telephone number agreed upon by the Parties.

4.2    Compliance .

(a)    The Parties shall conform their practices and procedures relating to Commercializing and Detailing of Product in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory to policies and procedures, as determined by the JCC from time to time (the “ Policies ”), but in no event less than the requirements of all applicable Laws and guidelines, including the FD&C Act, the PDMA, the requirements of DDMAC, the Federal Health Care Programs Anti-Kickback Law, 42 U.S.C. 1320a-7b(b), the Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America (“ PhRMA ”) Code of Pharmaceutical Marketing Practices (the “ PhRMA Code ”) and the American Medical Association (“ AMA ”) Guidelines on Gifts to Physicians from Industry (the “ AMA Guidelines ”), as the same may be amended from time to time. Each Party shall promptly notify the other Party of and provide the other Party with a copy of any correspondence or other reports with respect to Commercializing, Detailing and/or promotion of Product in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory submitted to or received from the U.S. Department of Health and

 

9

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


Human Services or its components (including the FDA and the Office of the Inspector General), PhRMA or the AMA relating to such Laws and guidelines.

(b)    The Parties shall in all material respects conform their practices and procedures relating to educating the medical community in the Co-Promotion Territory with respect to Product in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory to the Policies, the Accreditation Council for Continuing Medical Education (“ ACCME ”) Standards for Commercial Support of Continuing Medical Education (the “ ACCME Standards ”) and any applicable FDA regulations or guidelines, as the same may be amended from time to time. Each Party shall promptly notify the other Party of and provide the other Party with a copy of any correspondence or other reports submitted to or received from the ACCME with respect to Product in the Field in the Co-Promotion Territory relating to the ACCME Standards or such FDA regulations or guidelines.

(c)    The Parties shall provide each member of its Sales Force (prior to performance of services hereunder), with a copy of the then-current code of ethics of the respective Party. The Parties shall ensure that each member of its Sales Force acknowledges in writing receipt of, and will comply with, the then-current code of ethics in performing services under this Agreement and the Collaboration Agreement.

(d)    In connection with Commercialization and Detailing of Product hereunder, neither Party nor any member(s) of their respective Sales Forces shall knowingly make any false or misleading statement, or make any representation or warranty, oral or written, to Third Parties, concerning Product that is inconsistent with, or contrary to, the Labeling or Promotional Materials or that is disparaging to Product, the other Party, or any of other Party’s Affiliates, officers, directors or employees.

4.3    Independent Contractors .  For all purposes, and notwithstanding any other provisions of this Agreement to the contrary, the legal relationship under this Agreement of the Parties shall be that of independent contractors. It is further understood and agreed that the Parties are engaged in the operation of their own respective businesses, and neither Party is to be considered the agent of the other Party for any purpose whatsoever. Neither Party will have any authority to enter into any contracts or assume any obligations for the other Party nor make any warranties or representations on behalf of that other Party.

ARTICLE 5

REPRESENTATIONS, WARRANTIES AND COVENANTS

5.1    The Parties’ Representations and Warranties .  Each Party hereby represents, warrants and covenants to the other Party that:

(a)    it is not debarred under the Generic Drug Enforcement Act of 1992 (the “ GDE Act ”) and is in compliance with the provisions of the GDE Act;

(b)    while this Agreement is in effect, it will comply with the GDE Act, will not become debarred under the GDE Act, and will not use in connection with this Agreement the services of any person or entity debarred under the GDE Act;

 

10

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(c)    upon request by the other Party, a Party will certify its compliance with the GDE Act and this Section in writing to such other Party;

(d)    no employee or representative of a Party shall have any authority to bind or obligate the other Party to this Agreement for any sum or in any manner whatsoever, or to create or impose any contractual or other liability on the other Party without the other Party’s authorized written approval.

5.2    MAP Representations, Warranties, and Covenants .  MAP represents, warrants and covenants that:

(a)    MAP has or shall have at the time required the requisite personnel, facilities, equipment, expertise, experience and skill to perform its obligations hereunder and to render the services contemplated hereby;

(b)    MAP and its Sales Force shall perform the services in a professional, timely, competent and efficient manner, and it and its Sales Force shall abide by all Laws that apply to its and their performance;

(c)    any negligent or wrongful act or omission on the part of MAP’s Sales Force (both individually and as a group) shall be deemed to be negligent or wrongful acts or omissions of MAP. MAP shall notify ALLERGAN in writing as promptly as practicable of any alleged negligent or wrongful acts or omissions on the part of MAP’s Sales Force, and of any allegations of negligent or wrongful acts or omissions made against ALLERGAN’s Sales Force; and

(d)    at the time MAP delivers Samples to ALLERGAN, MAP represents and warrants to ALLERGAN that such Samples:

i.     comply in all material respects with the Product Specifications;

ii.    comply in all material respects with the FD&C Act;

iii.   are not products that have been adulterated or misbranded within the meaning set forth in FD&C Act and any state or local law or regulation substantially similar to FD&C Act;

iv.    are products that may be introduced into interstate commerce; and

v.     have been manufactured, packaged, stored, and shipped in conformity with all applicable cGMP.

5.3    ALLERGAN Warranties and Covenants .  ALLERGAN warrants and covenants that:

 

11

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


(a)    ALLERGAN has the requisite personnel, facilities, equipment, expertise, experience and skill to perform its obligations hereunder and to render the services contemplated hereby;

(b)    ALLERGAN and its Sales Force shall perform such services in a professional, timely, competent and efficient manner, and it and its Sales Force shall abide by all Applicable Laws that apply to its and their performance; and

(c)    any negligent or wrongful act or omission on the part of ALLERGAN’s Sales Force (both individually and as a group) shall be deemed to be negligent or wrongful acts or omissions of ALLERGAN. ALLERGAN shall notify MAP in writing as promptly as practicable of any alleged negligent or wrongful acts or omissions on the part of ALLERGAN’s Sales Force, and of any allegations of negligent or wrongful acts or omissions made against MAP’s Sales Force.

5.4    Notice of Breach .  If, at any time, a Party is aware that it has materially breached a representation, warranty or covenant under this Agreement, the breaching Party will promptly notify the other Party of such material breach.

5.5    Performance by Affiliates .  The Parties recognize that a Party may perform some or all of its obligations under this Agreement through its Affiliates.

5.6    DISCLAIMER OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES .  THE WARRANTIES SET FORTH IN THIS AGREEMENT AND THE COLLABORATION AGREEMENT ARE THE PARTIES’ ONLY WARRANTIES WITH RESPECT HERETO AND ARE MADE EXPRESSLY IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WHICH ARE HEREBY DISCLAIMED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY, OR OTHERWISE.

5.7    LIMITATION OF LIABILITY .  WITHOUT LIMITING THE PARTIES’ INDEMNIFICATION OBLIGATIONS UNDER THE COLLABORATION AGREEMENT, NEITHER PARTY SHALL BE LIABLE TO THE OTHER PARTY FOR SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, PUNITIVE, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING WITHOUT LIMITATION DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF PROFITS, INTERRUPTION OR LOSS OF BUSINESS, OR OTHER ECONOMIC LOSS) ARISING OUT OF THIS AGREEMENT OR WITH RESPECT TO A PARTY’S PERFORMANCE OR NON-PERFORMANCE HEREUNDER.

ARTICLE 6

TERM AND TERMINATION

6.1    Term .  The term of this Agreement shall commence on the Effective Date and continue until the earlier of (a) termination of the Collaboration Agreement or (b) the date on which this Agreement is terminated pursuant to the provisions herein (the “Term”).

6.2    Effect of Termination or Expiration .  Termination or expiration of this Agreement in whole or in part shall not relieve the Parties of any amounts owing between them

 

12

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


at the date termination or expiration. Upon termination or expiration of this Agreement, ALLERGAN shall, at its sole expense and within thirty (30) days of such termination or expiration, return to MAP all Promotional Materials and any Samples of Product then in the possession of ALLERGAN and any of its Sales Force; provided, however, that ALLERGAN shall be entitled to retain one (1) copy of such Promotional Materials, (a) to the extent reasonably required to allow ALLERGAN to carry out any remaining obligations under this Agreement or the Collaboration Agreement or to exercise any of its rights that expressly survive termination or expiration of this Agreement or the Collaboration Agreement, and (b) for legal archival purposes and/or as may be required by Applicable Law. The following provisions shall survive any termination or expiration of this Agreement: Articles 1 and 7 and Sections 2.3(l), 5.6, 5.7 and 6.2.

ARTICLE 7

GENERAL PROVISIONS

7.1    Incorporation of Terms from the Collaboration Agreement .  This Agreement forms an integral part of the Collaboration Agreement, and is incorporated into the Collaboration Agreement. As a part of the Collaboration Agreement, this Agreement is subject to all terms and conditions of the Collaboration Agreement. Without limiting the generality of the foregoing, Article 6 and Article 18 of the Collaboration Agreement each apply to this Agreement as if stated herein. In the event of any contradictions or inconsistencies between the terms of this Agreement and those of the Collaboration Agreement, the terms of the Collaboration Agreement shall govern.

7.2    Addition of Canada to Territory .  The Parties acknowledge and agree that if Canada becomes part of the Territory in accordance with the terms of the Collaboration Agreement, the Parties or their respective Affiliates will enter into a separate co-promotion agreement with respect to Canada, or amend this Agreement to include terms that are specific to Canada and the Parties’ (or their respective Affiliates’) obligations with respect to promotion of Product in Canada, in accordance with the Collaboration Agreement.

 

13

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


In Witness Whereof , the Parties have as of the date first set forth above duly executed this Agreement.

 

ALLERGAN USA, INC.     MAP PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
By:   /s/ David E.I. Pyott     By:   /s/ Timothy S. Nelson
Name:   David E.I. Pyott     Name:   Timothy S. Nelson
Title:   Chief Executive Officer     Title:   President and CEO

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.


EXHIBIT A

Calculations for Certain Items in Initial Commercialization Plan

 

       Allergan    MAP       
   

Minimum Calendar Quarter PDE Requirements

   [***]    [***]     

PDE Rates

   [***]    [***]     

Calendar Quarter PDE Expense at PDE Minimum

   [***]    [***]     

Calendar Quarter PDE Expense Cap

   [***]    [***]     

 

[***] Certain information in this document has been omitted and filed separately with the Securities and Exchange Commission. Confidential treatment has been requested with respect to the omitted portions.

EXHIBIT 21

ENTITIES OF ALLERGAN, INC.

 

TAB

    

NAME OF SUBSIDIARY

  

PLACE OF
INCORPORATION
OR ORGANIZATION

    1      

Allergan Productos Farmaceuticos S.A.

  

Argentina

    2      

Allergan Australia Pty Limited

  

Australia

    3      

Allergan N.V.

  

Belgium

    4      

Collagen Aesthetics Benelux S.A.

  

Belgium

    5      

Allergan Holdings B Ltd.

  

Bermuda

    6      

Allergan Produtos Farmacêuticos Ltda.

  

Brazil

    7      

Inamed do Brasil Ltda

  

Brazil

    8      

Allergan Inc.

  

Canada

    9      

Allergan Pharmaceuticals Ireland

  

Cayman Islands

  10      

Allergan Holdings C, Ltd.

  

Cayman Islands

  11      

Allergan Laboratorios Limitada

  

Chile

  12      

Allergan Information Consulting (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.

  

China

  13      

Allergan de Colombia S.A.

  

Colombia

  14      

Allergan Costa Rica, S.R.L.

  

Costa Rica

  15      

Allergan Services Costa Rica, S.R.L.

  

Costa Rica

  16      

Allergan ApS

  

Denmark

  17      

Allergan France S.A.S.

  

France

  18      

Allergan Holdings France SAS

  

France

  19      

Collagen Aesthetics France SARL

  

France

  20      

Allergan Industrie S.A.S.

  

France

  21      

S.C.I. Focus

  

France

  22      

S.C.I. Val Promery

  

France

  23      

Pharm-Allergan GmbH

  

Germany

  24      

Allergan Asia Limited

  

Hong Kong

  25      

Allergan Hong Kong Limited

  

Hong Kong

  26      

Allergan Healthcare India Private Limited

  

India

  27      

Allergan India Private Limited*

  

India

  28      

Allergan Pharmaceutical Development Center India Private Limited

  

India

  29      

Allergan Botox Limited

  

Ireland

  30      

Allergan Pharmaceuticals Holdings (Ireland) Limited

  

Ireland

  31      

Allergan Services International, Limited

  

Ireland

  32      

Chamfield Limited

  

Ireland

  33      

McGhan Ireland Holdings Ltd.

  

Ireland

  34      

McGhan Limited

  

Ireland

  35      

Medisyn Technologies Limited

  

Ireland

  36      

Seabreeze Silicone Limited

  

Ireland

  37      

The Seabreeze Holdings LLC AGN Seabreeze LLC Limited Partnership

  

Ireland

  38      

Allergan Israel Ltd.

  

Israel

  39      

Allergan S.p.A.

  

Italy

  40      

Allergan International YK

  

Japan

  41      

Allergan Japan K.K.

  

Japan

  42      

Allergan K.K.

  

Japan

  43      

Allergan NK

  

Japan

  44      

Collagen KK

  

Japan

  45      

Allergan Korea Limited

  

Korea

  46      

Samil Allergan Limited*

  

Korea

  47      

Allergan Luxembourg S.à r.l.

  

Luxembourg

  48      

Collagen Luxembourg S.A.

  

Luxembourg

  49      

Allergan Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.

  

Malaysia

  50      

Allergan, S.A. de C.V.

  

Mexico

  51      

Allergan Servicios Profesionales, S. de R.L. de C.V.

  

Mexico

  52      

BioEnterics Latin America S.A. de C.V.

  

Mexico

  53      

McGhan Medical Mexico S.A. de C.V.

  

Mexico

  54      

Allergan B.V.

  

Netherlands

  55      

Allergan Services B.V.

  

Netherlands

  56      

McGhan Medical B.V.

  

Netherlands


TAB

    

NAME OF SUBSIDIARY

  

PLACE OF
INCORPORATION
OR ORGANIZATION

  57      

Allergan Holdings B.V.

  

Netherlands Antilles

  58      

Allergan New Zealand Limited

  

New Zealand

  59      

Allergan AS

  

Norway

  60      

Allergan Healthcare Philippines, Inc.

  

Philippines (Republic of)

  61      

Allergan Spółka z ograniczoną odpowiedzialnością

  

Poland

  62      

Allergan C.I.S. SARL

  

Russia

  63      

Allergan Singapore Pte. Ltd.

  

Singapore

  64      

Allergan Pharmaceuticals (Proprietary) Limited

  

South Africa

  65      

Allergan, S.A.U.

  

Spain

  66      

Allergan Norden AB

  

Sweden

  67      

Allergan AG

  

Switzerland

  68      

Allergan Medical S.A.R.L.

  

Switzerland

  69      

Allergan (Thailand) Ltd.

  

Thailand

  70      

Allergan Ilaçlari Ticaret Anonim Şirketi

  

Turkey

  71      

Allergan de Venezuela, C.A.

  

Venezuela

  72      

Allergan Holdings Limited

  

United Kingdom

  73      

Allergan Limited

  

United Kingdom

  74      

Allergan Optical Irvine, Inc.

  

United States/CA

  75      

Allergan Sales Puerto Rico, Inc.

  

United States/CA

  76      

CUI Corporation

  

United States/CA

  77      

Herbert Laboratories

  

United States/CA

  78      

Inamed Development Company

  

United States/CA

  79      

Silicone Engineering, Inc.

  

United States/CA

  80      

Oculex Pharmaceuticals, Inc.

  

United States/CA

  81      

AGN Seabreeze, LLC

  

United States/DE

  82      

Allergan America, LLC

  

United States/DE

  83      

Allergan Holdings, Inc.

  

United States/DE

  84      

Allergan Property Holdings, LLC

  

United States/DE

  85      

Allergan Puerto Rico Holdings, Inc.

  

United States/DE

  86      

Allergan Sales, LLC

  

United States/DE

  87      

Allergan Specialty Therapeutics, Inc.

  

United States/DE

  88      

Allergan USA, Inc.

  

United States/DE

  89      

Inamed, LLC

  

United States/DE

  90      

Inamed Corporation

  

United States/DE

  91      

Pacific Pharma, Inc.

  

United States/DE

  92      

Serica Technologies, Inc.

  

United States/DE

  93      

Seabreeze LP Holdings, LLC

  

United States/DE

  94      

Flowmatrix Corporation

  

United States/NV

  95      

TotalSkinCare.com Corporation

  

United States/NV

 

*

Except for Allergan India Private Limited and Samil Allergan Limited, all of the above-named subsidiaries are 100% owned by the Registrant. Allergan India Private Limited is 51% owned by the Registrant and Samil Allergan Limited is 50.001% owned by Registrant.

EXHIBIT 23.1

CONSENT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM

We consent to the incorporation by reference in the Registration Statements (Form S-3 Nos. 333-157613, 333-136188, 333-102425, 333-99219, 333-50524, 33-55061; Form S-4 Nos. 333-136189, 333-129871; and Form S-8 Nos. 333-158925, 333-150668, 333-133817, 333-117939, 333-117937, 333-117936, 333-117935, 333-65176, 333-43584, 333-43580, 333-94157, 333-94155, 333-70407, 333-64559, 333-25891, 333-04859, 333-09091, 33-66874, 33-48908, 33-44770, 33-29528, 33-29527) of Allergan, Inc. and in the related Prospectuses of our reports dated February 28, 2011, with respect to the consolidated financial statements and schedule of Allergan, Inc., and the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting of Allergan, Inc., included in this Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2010.

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

Irvine, California

February 28, 2011

EXHIBIT 31.1

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL EXECUTIVE OFFICER

I, David E.I. Pyott, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Allergan, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  (a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  (b)

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  (c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  (d)

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  (a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  (b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

/s/ DAVID E.I. PYOTT
David E.I. Pyott
Chairman of the Board and
Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer)

Date: February  23 , 2011

EXHIBIT 31.2

CERTIFICATION OF PRINCIPAL FINANCIAL OFFICER

I, Jeffrey L. Edwards, certify that:

1. I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10-K of Allergan, Inc.;

2. Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3. Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in the Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:

 

  (a)

Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

 

  (b)

Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

 

  (c)

Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

 

  (d)

Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5. The registrant’s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

 

  (a)

All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

 

  (b)

Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ JEFFREY L. EDWARDS

Jeffrey L. Edwards

Executive Vice President,

Finance and Business Development,

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Date: February  23 , 2011

EXHIBIT 32

The following certifications are being furnished solely to accompany the Report pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350 and in accordance with SEC Release No. 33-8238. These certifications shall not be deemed “filed” for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, nor shall they be incorporated by reference in any filing of the Company under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, whether made before or after the date hereof, regardless of any general incorporation language in such filing.

Certification of Principal Executive Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Allergan, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies, to his knowledge, that:

 

  (i)

the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the period ended December 31, 2010 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  (ii)

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ DAVID E.I. PYOTT

David E.I. Pyott

Chairman of the Board and

Chief Executive Officer

(Principal Executive Officer)

Dated: February  23 , 2011

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Allergan, Inc. and will be retained by Allergan, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.

Certification of Principal Financial Officer

Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350, as created by Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, the undersigned officer of Allergan, Inc., a Delaware corporation (the “Company”), hereby certifies, to his knowledge, that:

 

  (i)

the accompanying Annual Report on Form 10-K of the Company for the period ended December 31, 2010 (the “Report”) fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or Section 15(d), as applicable, of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended; and

 

  (ii)

the information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company.

/s/ JEFFREY L. EDWARDS

Jeffrey L. Edwards

Executive Vice President,

Finance and Business Development,

Chief Financial Officer

(Principal Financial Officer)

Dated: February  23 , 2011

A signed original of this written statement required by Section 906 has been provided to Allergan, Inc. and will be retained by Allergan, Inc. and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon request.